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I suggest that, despite their differences, there is a relation of complementarity between both theories. I submit that the administering of death constitutes the hinge that brings these theories into relation with one another. While Girard's theory provides Agamben's notions concerning sovereign power with anthropological foundation, Agamben's philosophy allows us to highlight the political dimension of Girard's theory. The article synthesizes Girard's theory of sacrifice and Agamben's theory of the homo sacer in order to elaborate the complementarity between these theories.","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":"66043369"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Sacred Violence, Sovereign Violence: Contrasting the Thought of René Girard and Giorgio Agamben","broadcastable":true,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [854902]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "control"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loswp.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon';</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div 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data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/5480305/Sacred_Violence_Sovereign_Violence_Contrasting_the_Thought_of_Ren%C3%A9_Girard_and_Giorgio_Agamben" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="78591033" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/78591033/Sacrificing_Homo_Sacer_Ren%C3%A9_Girard_reads_Giorgio_Agamben">Sacrificing Homo Sacer: René Girard reads Giorgio Agamben</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="120249" 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Notes to Agamben's Homo sacer, 2023</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This paper discusses Giorgio Agamben's reading of Michel Foucault's biopolitics and biopower. Agamben intertwines Foucault's biopolitics, Hannah Arendt's insights on the distinction between the political realm and the sphere of biological life, Carl Schmitt's notions of "sovereignty" and "exception", and Walter Benjamin's syntagma "bare life" 2. While examining Agamben's use of the notion of biopolitics and the distinction between the two Greek words for life, zoé and bios, this paper will not study Agamben's employ of Carl Schmitt's, Hannah Arendt's 3 , and Walter Benjamin's theorizations on politics, sovereignty, and bare life. On the contrary, it will focus on Agamben's broad use of the concept of biopolitics, which he employs to address the outbreaks of violence against foreigners and citizens, and what he describes as the steady normalization of the state of exception that started at the dawn of the modern age.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"THE \"DARK SIDE\" OF BIOPOLITICS NOTES TO AGAMBEN'S HOMO SACER","attachmentId":104699515,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/105173451/THE_DARK_SIDE_OF_BIOPOLITICS_NOTES_TO_AGAMBENS_HOMO_SACER","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/105173451/THE_DARK_SIDE_OF_BIOPOLITICS_NOTES_TO_AGAMBENS_HOMO_SACER"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="10635349" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10635349/Sacred_Violence_Girard_Bataille_and_the_Vicissitudes_of_Human_Desire">Sacred Violence: Girard, Bataille and the Vicissitudes of Human Desire</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="25998778" href="https://helsinki.academia.edu/TiinaArppe">Tiina Arppe</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Distinktion: Scandinavian Journal of Social Theory, 2009</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Sacred Violence: Girard, Bataille and the Vicissitudes of Human Desire","attachmentId":40963355,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/10635349/Sacred_Violence_Girard_Bataille_and_the_Vicissitudes_of_Human_Desire","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/10635349/Sacred_Violence_Girard_Bataille_and_the_Vicissitudes_of_Human_Desire"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="6330149" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6330149/An_Introduction_to_the_Work_of_Ren%C3%A9_Girard">An Introduction to the Work of René Girard</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="9853793" href="https://independent.academia.edu/hanguangming">guangming han</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"An Introduction to the Work of René Girard","attachmentId":33161744,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/6330149/An_Introduction_to_the_Work_of_Ren%C3%A9_Girard","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/6330149/An_Introduction_to_the_Work_of_Ren%C3%A9_Girard"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="232769" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/232769/_Sacrificial_pasts_and_messianic_futures_religion_as_a_political_prospect_in_Girard_and_Agamben_">"Sacrificial pasts and messianic futures: religion as a political prospect in Girard and Agamben"</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="144688" href="https://wichita.academia.edu/ChrisFox">Chris Fox</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Religion has become a vital resource for attempts to rethink the meaning of the political. This article rehearses the efforts of two recent figures, René Girard and Giorgio Agamben, to transform the political by renewing its connection to religion. Both thinkers struggle to escape politics as defined by Carl Schmitt’s friend / enemy distinction. Girard and Agamben do clash ideologically, but their inquiries into sacrifice and messianism take similar courses. Regarding origins, Girard argues for the sacrificial crisis as the common parent to religion and politics. Conversely, for Agamben, the Roman figure of homo sacer distinguishes politics from religion. With respect to the future, Girard’s messianism installs Christian belief as the only way to move beyond violence. By contrast, Agamben steers Pauline messianism toward the efforts to displace sovereignty and reopen the political. I conclude that Agamben breaks with Schmitt while Girard reinscribes his politics at a higher level.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"\"Sacrificial pasts and messianic futures: religion as a political prospect in Girard and Agamben\"","attachmentId":32459855,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/232769/_Sacrificial_pasts_and_messianic_futures_religion_as_a_political_prospect_in_Girard_and_Agamben_","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/232769/_Sacrificial_pasts_and_messianic_futures_religion_as_a_political_prospect_in_Girard_and_Agamben_"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":66043369,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":66043369,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_66043369" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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