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class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Intake ramp</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Air intake used on supersonic jet engines</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Concordeintake.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Concordeintake.svg/300px-Concordeintake.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="263" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Concordeintake.svg/450px-Concordeintake.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Concordeintake.svg/600px-Concordeintake.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="567" data-file-height="497" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Concorde" title="Concorde">Concorde</a> variable air dam control ramps move to suit flight condition</figcaption></figure> <p>An <b>intake ramp</b> is a rectangular, plate-like device within the <a href="/wiki/Components_of_jet_engines#Air_intakes" title="Components of jet engines">air intake</a> of a <a href="/wiki/Jet_engine" title="Jet engine">jet engine</a>, designed to generate a number of <a href="/wiki/Shock_wave" title="Shock wave">shock waves</a> to aid the inlet compression process at <a href="/wiki/Supersonic" class="mw-redirect" title="Supersonic">supersonic</a> speeds.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ramp sits at an acute angle to deflect the intake air from the longitudinal direction.<sup id="cite_ref-bomber_1889_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bomber_1889-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At <a href="/wiki/Supersonic" class="mw-redirect" title="Supersonic">supersonic</a> flight speeds, the deflection of the air stream creates a number of oblique shock waves at each change of gradient along at the ramp. Air crossing each shock wave suddenly slows to a lower <a href="/wiki/Mach_number" title="Mach number">Mach number</a>, thus increasing <a href="/wiki/Pressure" title="Pressure">pressure</a>. </p><p>Ideally, the first oblique shock wave should intercept the air intake lip, thus avoiding air spillage and pre-entry drag on the outer boundary of the deflected streamtube. For a fixed geometry intake at zero incidence, this condition can only be achieved at one particular flight Mach number, because the angle of the shock wave (to the longitudinal direction) becomes more acute with increasing aircraft speed. </p><p>More advanced supersonic intakes feature a ramp with a number of discrete changes of gradient in order to generate multiple oblique shock waves. The first known aircraft to use this is the North American A-5 Vigilante with fully-variable wedge-type side air intakes<sup id="cite_ref-bomber_188_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bomber_188-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the case of <a href="/wiki/Concorde" title="Concorde">Concorde</a>, the first (converging) intake ramp is followed by a diverging ramp. After the air passes the end of the first ramp it has become subsonic such that the diverging ramp further contributes towards the reduction in airstream velocity and consequently its increase in pressure. This intake design thus ensures excellent pressure recovery and contributes to Concorde's improved <a href="/wiki/Fuel_efficiency" title="Fuel efficiency">fuel efficiency</a> whilst <a href="/wiki/Supercruise" title="Supercruise">cruising supersonically</a> at up to Mach 2.2 (beyond which airframe heating effects limit any further increase in speed).<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Variable geometry intakes, such as those on Concorde, vary the ramp angle to focus the series of oblique shock waves onto the intake lip, control of which is accomplished by complex non-linear control laws using the ramp void pressure (the pressure of the air in the gap between the two ramps) as a control input. </p><p>The intake ramp for rectangular intakes has its equivalent in the <a href="/wiki/Inlet_cone" title="Inlet cone">inlet cone</a> for circular intakes. Much lighter fixed-geometry alternatives are used on modern aircraft which are designed with greater emphasis on durability and survivability (stealth). These inlets preserve the performance of variable intake ramps by controlling shock position using the downstream pressure. They include the caret compression surface, used in the <a href="/wiki/Boeing_F/A-18E/F_Super_Hornet" title="Boeing F/A-18E/F Super Hornet">Boeing F/A-18E/F Super Hornet</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_F-22_Raptor" title="Lockheed Martin F-22 Raptor">Lockheed Martin F-22 Raptor</a> inlets, and the <a href="/wiki/Diverterless_supersonic_inlet" title="Diverterless supersonic inlet">diverterless supersonic inlet</a> used on the <a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_F-35_Lightning_II" title="Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II">Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chengdu_J-20" title="Chengdu J-20">Chengdu J-20</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Intake_gallery">Intake gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intake_ramp&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Intake gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Concorde_Ramp.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The ramps in two of the Concorde intakes are visible and clearly labelled as such."><img alt="The ramps in two of the Concorde intakes are visible and clearly labelled as such." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Concorde_Ramp.jpg/120px-Concorde_Ramp.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Concorde_Ramp.jpg/180px-Concorde_Ramp.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Concorde_Ramp.jpg/240px-Concorde_Ramp.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The ramps in two of the Concorde intakes are visible and clearly labelled as such.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:North_American_RA-5C_Vigilante_of_RVAH-3_at_Naval_Air_Station_Sanford,_Florida_(USA),_on_27_March_1968_(6430104).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A-5 Vigilante with inlet ramps"><img alt="A-5 Vigilante with inlet ramps" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/North_American_RA-5C_Vigilante_of_RVAH-3_at_Naval_Air_Station_Sanford%2C_Florida_%28USA%29%2C_on_27_March_1968_%286430104%29.jpg/120px-North_American_RA-5C_Vigilante_of_RVAH-3_at_Naval_Air_Station_Sanford%2C_Florida_%28USA%29%2C_on_27_March_1968_%286430104%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/North_American_RA-5C_Vigilante_of_RVAH-3_at_Naval_Air_Station_Sanford%2C_Florida_%28USA%29%2C_on_27_March_1968_%286430104%29.jpg/180px-North_American_RA-5C_Vigilante_of_RVAH-3_at_Naval_Air_Station_Sanford%2C_Florida_%28USA%29%2C_on_27_March_1968_%286430104%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/North_American_RA-5C_Vigilante_of_RVAH-3_at_Naval_Air_Station_Sanford%2C_Florida_%28USA%29%2C_on_27_March_1968_%286430104%29.jpg/240px-North_American_RA-5C_Vigilante_of_RVAH-3_at_Naval_Air_Station_Sanford%2C_Florida_%28USA%29%2C_on_27_March_1968_%286430104%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="1993" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/North_American_A-5_Vigilante" title="North American A-5 Vigilante">A-5 Vigilante</a> with inlet ramps</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:F-14_3_Yokota_Tokyo.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="F-14 with internal ramps forming upper surface of intake duct"><img alt="F-14 with internal ramps forming upper surface of intake duct" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/F-14_3_Yokota_Tokyo.jpg/89px-F-14_3_Yokota_Tokyo.jpg" decoding="async" width="89" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/F-14_3_Yokota_Tokyo.jpg/134px-F-14_3_Yokota_Tokyo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/F-14_3_Yokota_Tokyo.jpg/179px-F-14_3_Yokota_Tokyo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1555" data-file-height="2084" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/F-14" class="mw-redirect" title="F-14">F-14</a> with internal ramps forming upper surface of intake duct</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:North_American_XB-70_above_runway_ECN-792.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vertical ramps on inboard surface of intake duct XB-70"><img alt="Vertical ramps on inboard surface of intake duct XB-70" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/North_American_XB-70_above_runway_ECN-792.jpg/120px-North_American_XB-70_above_runway_ECN-792.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/North_American_XB-70_above_runway_ECN-792.jpg/180px-North_American_XB-70_above_runway_ECN-792.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/North_American_XB-70_above_runway_ECN-792.jpg/240px-North_American_XB-70_above_runway_ECN-792.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2400" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Vertical ramps on inboard surface of intake duct <a href="/wiki/XB-70" class="mw-redirect" title="XB-70">XB-70</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:F-15E_Strike_Eagle_is_parked_by_a_crew_chief_from_Elmendorf_Air_Force_Base.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="F-15 internal ramps form upper surface of intake duct behind the intake upper lips which are shown in different positions"><img alt="F-15 internal ramps form upper surface of intake duct behind the intake upper lips which are shown in different positions" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/F-15E_Strike_Eagle_is_parked_by_a_crew_chief_from_Elmendorf_Air_Force_Base.jpg/74px-F-15E_Strike_Eagle_is_parked_by_a_crew_chief_from_Elmendorf_Air_Force_Base.jpg" decoding="async" width="74" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/F-15E_Strike_Eagle_is_parked_by_a_crew_chief_from_Elmendorf_Air_Force_Base.jpg/111px-F-15E_Strike_Eagle_is_parked_by_a_crew_chief_from_Elmendorf_Air_Force_Base.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/F-15E_Strike_Eagle_is_parked_by_a_crew_chief_from_Elmendorf_Air_Force_Base.jpg/148px-F-15E_Strike_Eagle_is_parked_by_a_crew_chief_from_Elmendorf_Air_Force_Base.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1232" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/F-15_Eagle" class="mw-redirect" title="F-15 Eagle">F-15</a> internal ramps form upper surface of intake duct behind the intake upper lips which are shown in different positions</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%93-25%D0%A0%D0%91,_%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE-%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81_%C2%AB%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%C2%BB_(4).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="MiG-25 ramp"><img alt="MiG-25 ramp" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%93-25%D0%A0%D0%91%2C_%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE-%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81_%C2%AB%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%C2%BB_%284%29.jpg/120px-%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%93-25%D0%A0%D0%91%2C_%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE-%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81_%C2%AB%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%C2%BB_%284%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%93-25%D0%A0%D0%91%2C_%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE-%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81_%C2%AB%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%C2%BB_%284%29.jpg/180px-%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%93-25%D0%A0%D0%91%2C_%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE-%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81_%C2%AB%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%C2%BB_%284%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%93-25%D0%A0%D0%91%2C_%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE-%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81_%C2%AB%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%C2%BB_%284%29.jpg/240px-%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%93-25%D0%A0%D0%91%2C_%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE-%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D1%83%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81_%C2%AB%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%C2%BB_%284%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="2268" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/MiG-25" class="mw-redirect" title="MiG-25">MiG-25</a> ramp</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intake_ramp&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_aviation_articles" title="Index of aviation articles">Index of aviation articles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inlet_cone" title="Inlet cone">Inlet cone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NACA_duct" title="NACA duct">NACA duct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Splitter_plate_(aeronautics)" title="Splitter plate (aeronautics)">Splitter plate</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intake_ramp&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Naval Fighters Number Sixty-Four North American A-5A, RA-5C Vigilante by Steve Ginter. ISBN 0-942612-64-7. J79-GE-8 ENGINE AIR INDUCTION SYSTEM p.21 & 22</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bomber_1889-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bomber_1889_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gunston and Gilchrist 1993, pp. 188-189.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bomber_188-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bomber_188_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gunston and Gilchrist 1993, p. 188.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">A Case Study By Aerospatiale And Bristol Aerospace On The Concorde, Jean Rich and Clive S. Leyman, AIAA Professional Study Series, section 6.2 Intakes</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFHamstraMcCallum2010" class="citation book cs1">Hamstra, Jeffrey W.; McCallum, Brent N. (2010). "Tactical Aircraft Aerodynamic Integration". <i>Encyclopedia of Aerospace Engineering</i>. 4.1.1 Caret Inlet. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2F9780470686652.eae490">10.1002/9780470686652.eae490</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780470754405" title="Special:BookSources/9780470754405"><bdi>9780470754405</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Tactical+Aircraft+Aerodynamic+Integration&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Aerospace+Engineering&rft.pages=4.1.1+Caret+Inlet&rft.date=2010&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2F9780470686652.eae490&rft.isbn=9780470754405&rft.aulast=Hamstra&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey+W.&rft.au=McCallum%2C+Brent+N.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntake+ramp" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mikoyanmig29.wixsite.com/chengdu-j-20/the-intake">"The intake"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+intake&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmikoyanmig29.wixsite.com%2Fchengdu-j-20%2Fthe-intake&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIntake+ramp" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Intake_ramp&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Intake_ramps_of_jet_engines" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Intake ramps of jet engines">Intake ramps of jet engines</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.midwaysailor.com/midwaymyphotos4/vigilante.html">A-5 Vigilante intake ramp photos</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.slideshare.net/TahirSadikovi/north-american-a5ara5c-vigilante-steve-ginterpdf">[1]</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style 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.navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Aircraft_components_and_systems469" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Aircraft_components" title="Template:Aircraft components"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Aircraft_components" title="Template talk:Aircraft components"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Aircraft_components" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Aircraft components"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Aircraft_components_and_systems469" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Fixed-wing_aircraft" title="Fixed-wing aircraft">Aircraft</a> components and <a href="/wiki/Aircraft_systems" title="Aircraft systems">systems</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Airframe" title="Airframe">Airframe</a> structure</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aft_pressure_bulkhead" title="Aft pressure bulkhead">Aft pressure bulkhead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabane_strut" class="mw-redirect" title="Cabane strut">Cabane strut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aircraft_canopy" title="Aircraft canopy">Canopy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crack_arrestor" title="Crack arrestor">Crack arrestor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cruciform_tail" title="Cruciform tail">Cruciform tail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aircraft_dope" title="Aircraft dope">Dope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empennage" title="Empennage">Empennage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aircraft_fabric_covering" title="Aircraft fabric covering">Fabric covering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aircraft_fairing" title="Aircraft fairing">Fairing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flying_wires" class="mw-redirect" title="Flying wires">Flying wires</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Former" title="Former">Former</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuselage" title="Fuselage">Fuselage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hardpoint" title="Hardpoint">Hardpoint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interplane_strut" class="mw-redirect" title="Interplane strut">Interplane strut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jury_strut" class="mw-redirect" title="Jury strut">Jury strut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leading_edge" title="Leading edge">Leading edge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lift_strut" class="mw-redirect" title="Lift strut">Lift strut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longeron" title="Longeron">Longeron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nacelle" title="Nacelle">Nacelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rib_(aeronautics)" title="Rib (aeronautics)">Rib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spar_(aeronautics)" title="Spar (aeronautics)">Spar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stabilizer_(aeronautics)" title="Stabilizer (aeronautics)">Stabilizer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stressed_skin" title="Stressed skin">Stressed skin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strut" title="Strut">Strut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T-tail" title="T-tail">T-tail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tailplane" title="Tailplane">Tailplane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trailing_edge" title="Trailing edge">Trailing edge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twin_tail#Variations" title="Twin tail">Triple tail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twin_tail" title="Twin tail">Twin tail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V-tail" title="V-tail">V-tail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vertical_stabilizer" title="Vertical stabilizer">Vertical stabilizer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wing_root" title="Wing root">Wing root</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wing_tip" title="Wing tip">Wing tip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wingbox" title="Wingbox">Wingbox</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Aircraft_flight_control_system" title="Aircraft flight control system">Flight controls</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aileron" title="Aileron">Aileron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_brake_(aeronautics)" title="Air brake (aeronautics)">Airbrake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aircraft_flight_control_system#Artificial_feel_devices" title="Aircraft flight control system">Artificial feel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autopilot" title="Autopilot">Autopilot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canard_(aeronautics)" title="Canard (aeronautics)">Canard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centre_stick" title="Centre stick">Centre stick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deceleron" title="Deceleron">Deceleron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dive_brake" title="Dive brake">Dive brake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dual_control_(aviation)" title="Dual control (aviation)">Dual control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electro-hydraulic_actuator" title="Electro-hydraulic actuator">Electro-hydraulic actuator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elevator_(aeronautics)" title="Elevator (aeronautics)">Elevator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elevon" title="Elevon">Elevon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flaperon" title="Flaperon">Flaperon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flight_control_modes" title="Flight control modes">Flight control modes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fly-by-wire" title="Fly-by-wire">Fly-by-wire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gust_lock" title="Gust lock">Gust lock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HOTAS" title="HOTAS">HOTAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudder#Aircraft_rudders" title="Rudder">Rudder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudder_pedal" title="Rudder pedal">Rudder pedals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Servo_tab" title="Servo tab">Servo tab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Side-stick" title="Side-stick">Side-stick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spoiler_(aeronautics)" title="Spoiler (aeronautics)">Spoiler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spoileron" title="Spoileron">Spoileron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stabilator" title="Stabilator">Stabilator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stick_pusher" title="Stick pusher">Stick pusher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stick_shaker" title="Stick shaker">Stick shaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trim_tab" title="Trim tab">Trim tab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wing_warping" title="Wing warping">Wing warping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaw_damper" title="Yaw damper">Yaw damper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoke_(aeronautics)" title="Yoke (aeronautics)">Yoke</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Aerodynamics" title="Aerodynamics">Aerodynamic</a> and <a href="/wiki/High-lift_device" title="High-lift device">high-lift</a><br />devices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_X-53_Active_Aeroelastic_Wing" title="Boeing X-53 Active Aeroelastic Wing">Active Aeroelastic Wing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adaptive_compliant_wing" title="Adaptive compliant wing">Adaptive compliant wing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-shock_body" title="Anti-shock body">Anti-shock body</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blown_flap" title="Blown flap">Blown flap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Channel_wing" title="Channel wing">Channel wing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leading-edge_extension#Dogtooth_extension" title="Leading-edge extension">Dog-tooth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drag-reducing_aerospike" title="Drag-reducing aerospike">Drag-reducing aerospike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flap_(aeronautics)" title="Flap (aeronautics)">Flap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gouge_flap" title="Gouge flap">Gouge flap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gurney_flap" title="Gurney flap">Gurney flap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krueger_flap" title="Krueger flap">Krueger flap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leading-edge_cuff" title="Leading-edge cuff">Leading-edge cuff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leading-edge_droop_flap" title="Leading-edge droop flap">Leading-edge droop flap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leading-edge_extension" title="Leading-edge extension">LEX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leading-edge_slat" title="Leading-edge slat">Slats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leading-edge_slot" title="Leading-edge slot">Slot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stall_strips" title="Stall strips">Stall strips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strake_(aeronautics)" title="Strake (aeronautics)">Strake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Variable-sweep_wing" title="Variable-sweep wing">Variable-sweep wing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vortex_generator" title="Vortex generator">Vortex generator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vortilon" title="Vortilon">Vortilon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wing_fence" title="Wing fence">Wing fence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wingtip_device" title="Wingtip device">Winglet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Avionics" title="Avionics">Avionic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Flight_instruments" title="Flight instruments">flight<br />instrument</a> systems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Airborne_collision_avoidance_system" title="Airborne collision avoidance system">ACAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_data_boom" title="Air data boom">Air data boom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_data_computer" title="Air data computer">Air data computer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aircraft_periscope" class="mw-redirect" title="Aircraft periscope">Aircraft periscope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airspeed_indicator" title="Airspeed indicator">Airspeed indicator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altimeter" title="Altimeter">Altimeter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annunciator_panel" title="Annunciator panel">Annunciator panel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astrodome_(aeronautics)" title="Astrodome (aeronautics)">Astrodome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attitude_indicator" title="Attitude indicator">Attitude indicator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compass" title="Compass">Compass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Course_deviation_indicator" title="Course deviation indicator">Course deviation indicator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_flight_instrument_system" title="Electronic flight instrument system">EFIS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Engine-indicating_and_crew-alerting_system" title="Engine-indicating and crew-alerting system">EICAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flight_management_system" title="Flight management system">Flight management system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glass_cockpit" title="Glass cockpit">Glass cockpit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_Positioning_System" title="Global Positioning System">GPS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Head-up_display" title="Head-up display">Head-up display</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heading_indicator" title="Heading indicator">Heading indicator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horizontal_situation_indicator" title="Horizontal situation indicator">Horizontal situation indicator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inertial_navigation_system" title="Inertial navigation system">INS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Integrated_standby_instrument_system" title="Integrated standby instrument system">ISIS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multi-function_display" title="Multi-function display">Multi-function display</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitot%E2%80%93static_system" title="Pitot–static system">Pitot–static system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radar_altimeter" title="Radar altimeter">Radar altimeter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traffic_collision_avoidance_system" title="Traffic collision avoidance system">TCAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transponder_(aeronautics)" title="Transponder (aeronautics)">Transponder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turn_and_slip_indicator" title="Turn and slip indicator">Turn and slip indicator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Variometer" title="Variometer">Variometer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaw_string" title="Yaw string">Yaw string</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Aircraft_engine" title="Aircraft engine">Propulsion</a> controls,<br /> devices and <a href="/wiki/Aircraft_fuel_system" title="Aircraft fuel system">fuel systems</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autothrottle" title="Autothrottle">Autothrottle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drop_tank" title="Drop tank">Drop tank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FADEC" title="FADEC">FADEC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuel_tank#Aircraft" title="Fuel tank">Fuel tank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gascolator" title="Gascolator">Gascolator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inlet_cone" title="Inlet cone">Inlet cone</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Intake ramp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NACA_cowling" title="NACA cowling">NACA cowling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NACA_duct" title="NACA duct">NACA duct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-sealing_fuel_tank" title="Self-sealing fuel tank">Self-sealing fuel tank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Splitter_plate_(aeronautics)" title="Splitter plate (aeronautics)">Splitter plate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Throttle" title="Throttle">Throttle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrust_lever" title="Thrust lever">Thrust lever</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrust_reversal" title="Thrust reversal">Thrust reversal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Townend_ring" title="Townend ring">Townend ring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_emergency_power" title="War emergency power">War emergency power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wet_wing" title="Wet wing">Wet wing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Landing_gear" title="Landing gear">Landing</a> and <a href="/wiki/Arresting_gear" title="Arresting gear">arresting gear</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aircraft_tire" title="Aircraft tire">Aircraft tire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tailhook" title="Tailhook">Arrestor hook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autobrake" title="Autobrake">Autobrake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conventional_landing_gear" title="Conventional landing gear">Conventional landing gear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drogue_parachute" title="Drogue parachute">Drogue parachute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landing_gear" title="Landing gear">Landing gear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landing_gear_extender" title="Landing gear extender">Landing gear extender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleo_strut" title="Oleo strut">Oleo strut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tricycle_landing_gear" title="Tricycle landing gear">Tricycle landing gear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tundra_tire" title="Tundra tire">Tundra tire</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Escape systems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ejection_seat" title="Ejection seat">Ejection seat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Escape_crew_capsule" title="Escape crew capsule">Escape crew capsule</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other systems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aircraft_lavatory" title="Aircraft lavatory">Aircraft lavatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auxiliary_power_unit" title="Auxiliary power unit">Auxiliary power unit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bleed_air" title="Bleed air">Bleed air system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deicing_boot" 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