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data-mw="interface" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet edit-page menu__item--page-actions-edit"> Edit </a> </li> </ul> </nav>  <div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151960987">body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox table{display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox caption{display:table-caption}</style>The open-mid front unrounded vowel, or low-mid front unrounded vowel,<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> is a type of <a href="/wiki/Vowel" title="Vowel">vowel</a> sound used in some <a href="/wiki/Speech_communication" class="mw-redirect" title="Speech communication">spoken</a> <a href="/wiki/Language" title="Language">languages</a>. The symbol in the <a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">International Phonetic Alphabet</a> that represents this sound is the <a href="/wiki/Latin_epsilon" title="Latin epsilon">Latin epsilon</a>, a Latinized variant of the Greek lowercase <a href="/wiki/Epsilon" title="Epsilon">epsilon</a>, ⟨<a href="/wiki/%C6%90" class="mw-redirect" title="Ɛ">ɛ</a>⟩. <table class="infobox" style="width: 16em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background: #f2f2ce;">Open-mid front unrounded vowel</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #ffffe6;">ɛ</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/IPA_number" title="IPA number">IPA number</a></th><td class="infobox-data">303</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #ffffe6;">Audio sample</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data center"><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="150" style="width:150px;" data-durationhint="2" data-mwtitle="Open-mid_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/7/71/Open-mid_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg/Open-mid_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0"></source><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/71/Open-mid_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg" type='audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"' data-width="0" data-height="0"></source></audio> <div><a href="/wiki/File:Open-mid_front_unrounded_vowel.ogg" title="File:Open-mid front unrounded vowel.ogg">source</a> · <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Media_help" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Media help">help</a></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #ffffe6;">Encoding</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Entity <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style>(decimal)</th><td class="infobox-data"><code>&#603;</code></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Unicode <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488">(hex)</th><td class="infobox-data">U+025B</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/X-SAMPA" title="X-SAMPA">X-SAMPA</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><code>E</code></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/IPA_Braille" title="IPA Braille">Braille</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1262301354">.mw-parser-output .brai_img img{background:#f8f9fa!important}.mw-parser-output .brai_img_transparent img{background:transparent!important}</style><a href="/wiki/File:Braille_%C3%84.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="⠜ (braille pattern dots-345) U+281C"><img alt="⠜ (braille pattern dots-345)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Braille_%C3%84.svg/25px-Braille_%C3%84.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Braille_%C3%84.svg/38px-Braille_%C3%84.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Braille_%C3%84.svg/50px-Braille_%C3%84.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="154" data-file-height="215"></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <table class="wikitable collapsible collapsed" style="width:100%; margin:0; border:0; background: transparent;"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background:#FFFFE6; border:0;">Image </th></tr> <tr> <td class="center" style="background: transparent; border:0;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:IPA_Unicode_0x025B.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/IPA_Unicode_0x025B.svg/150px-IPA_Unicode_0x025B.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/IPA_Unicode_0x025B.svg/225px-IPA_Unicode_0x025B.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/IPA_Unicode_0x025B.svg/300px-IPA_Unicode_0x025B.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16"></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235389435">.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-captioned{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:var(--color-base,#202122);padding:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-caption{padding:0.2em;text-align:center;background-color:#f2f2ce;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-table{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-table .wraplinks .selflink{white-space:normal}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-constable th{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-constable th:not(.IPA-pulmonic-mannerarrow)[scope="col"]{text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;padding-left:0;padding-right:0;max-width:4em}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-constable th:not(.IPA-pulmonic-placearrow)[scope="row"]{text-align:left;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-constable td{vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-constable:not(.IPA-common-audiotable) td:not([colspan]){text-align:center;max-width:1.2em;min-width:1.2em;padding:0.1em 0.2em;font-size:125%}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-audiotable td{padding:0}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-noleftborder{border-left:none}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-norightborder{border-right:none}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-notopborder{border-top:none}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-nobottomborder{border-bottom:none}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-shaded{background-color:var(--background-color-disabled,#c8ccd1)}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-notes{text-align:left;font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-notes>div{float:right}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-notes>div ul{white-space:nowrap;font-weight:normal;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .IPA-common-notes>div ul li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .IPA-audiocell{width:40px;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .IPA-audiocell-symbol{font-size:120%}.mw-parser-output .IPA-audiocell-audio{height:20px}.mw-parser-output .IPA-audiocell-audio .ext-phonos-attribution{margin-left:0}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .IPA-common-caption{background-color:#262600}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .IPA-common-caption{background-color:#262600}}</style> <table role="presentation" class="IPA-common-captioned floatright" style=""> <tbody><tr> <th class="IPA-common-caption" style=""><a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a>: <a href="/wiki/Vowel" title="Vowel">Vowels</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1233850583">.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-main,.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-noaudio .IPA-vowels-container>div>span,.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-container-dot,.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-audio .IPA-audiocell{background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);color:var(--color-base,#202122)}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-main{table-layout:fixed;border-collapse:collapse;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-nocaption{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1)}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-main th{vertical-align:middle;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-main th[scope="col"]{padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-main th[scope="row"]{text-align:right;padding-left:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-minorcaption{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-main td{vertical-align:middle;padding:0;font-size:125%;line-height:1.2}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-noaudio td{width:106.67px;min-width:106.67px;height:32px}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-audio td{width:200px;min-width:200px;height:60px}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-image-cell{position:relative}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-image{position:absolute;top:0;left:0}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-container{display:flex;justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-noaudio .IPA-vowels-container>div{width:1em}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-noaudio .IPA-vowels-container>div:first-child{direction:rtl;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-noaudio .IPA-vowels-container>div:last-child{direction:ltr;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-noaudio .IPA-vowels-container>div:first-child>span{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-noaudio .IPA-vowels-container>div:last-child>span{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-container-dot{z-index:-1}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-audio .IPA-vowels-container>div:empty{width:40px}.mw-parser-output .IPA-vowels-audio .IPA-audiocell-audio{font-size:90%}</style> <table class="nowrap IPA-vowels-main IPA-vowels-noaudio" style=""> <tbody><tr> <th> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/Front_vowel" title="Front vowel">Front</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/Central_vowel" title="Central vowel">Central</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/Back_vowel" title="Back vowel">Back</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Close_vowel" title="Close vowel">Close</a> </th> <td class="IPA-vowels-image-cell"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Blank_vowel_trapezoid.svg/320px-Blank_vowel_trapezoid.svg.png" decoding="async" width="320" height="224" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Blank_vowel_trapezoid.svg/480px-Blank_vowel_trapezoid.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Blank_vowel_trapezoid.svg/640px-Blank_vowel_trapezoid.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700"><div class="IPA-vowels-container" style="transform: translate(-22px, -1px);"><div><a href="/wiki/Close_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Close front unrounded vowel">i</a></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot"><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></div> <div><a href="/wiki/Close_front_rounded_vowel" title="Close front rounded vowel">y</a></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container" style="transform: translate(-1px, -1px);"><div><a href="/wiki/Close_central_unrounded_vowel" title="Close central unrounded vowel">ɨ</a></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot"><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></div> <div><a href="/wiki/Close_central_rounded_vowel" title="Close central rounded vowel">ʉ</a></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container" style="transform: translate(21px, -1px);"><div><a href="/wiki/Close_back_unrounded_vowel" title="Close back unrounded vowel">ɯ</a></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot"><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></div> <div><a href="/wiki/Close_back_rounded_vowel" title="Close back rounded vowel">u</a></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="IPA-vowels-minorcaption"><a href="/wiki/Near-close_vowel" title="Near-close vowel">Near-close</a> </th> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container" style="transform: translate(40px, -1px);"><div><a href="/wiki/Near-close_near-front_unrounded_vowel" title="Near-close near-front unrounded vowel">ɪ</a></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot"><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></div> <div><a href="/wiki/Near-close_near-front_rounded_vowel" title="Near-close near-front rounded vowel">ʏ</a></div></div> </td> <td> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container" style="transform: translate(-15px, -1px);"><div></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot"><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></div> <div><a href="/wiki/Near-close_near-back_rounded_vowel" title="Near-close near-back rounded vowel">ʊ</a></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Close-mid_vowel" title="Close-mid vowel">Close-mid</a> </th> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container" style="transform: translate(21px, -1px);"><div><a href="/wiki/Close-mid_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Close-mid front unrounded vowel">e</a></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot"><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></div> <div><a href="/wiki/Close-mid_front_rounded_vowel" title="Close-mid front rounded vowel">ø</a></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container" style="transform: translate(21px, -1px);"><div><a href="/wiki/Close-mid_central_unrounded_vowel" title="Close-mid central unrounded vowel">ɘ</a></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot"><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></div> <div><a href="/wiki/Close-mid_central_rounded_vowel" title="Close-mid central rounded vowel">ɵ</a></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container" style="transform: translate(21px, -1px);"><div><a href="/wiki/Close-mid_back_unrounded_vowel" title="Close-mid back unrounded vowel">ɤ</a></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot"><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></div> <div><a href="/wiki/Close-mid_back_rounded_vowel" title="Close-mid back rounded vowel">o</a></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="IPA-vowels-minorcaption"><a href="/wiki/Mid_vowel" title="Mid vowel">Mid</a> </th> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container" style="transform: translate(42px, -1px);"><div><a href="/wiki/Mid_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Mid front unrounded vowel">e̞</a></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot"><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></div> <div><a href="/wiki/Mid_front_rounded_vowel" title="Mid front rounded vowel">ø̞</a></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container" style="transform: translate(32px, -1px);"><div><a href="/wiki/Mid_central_vowel" title="Mid central vowel">ə</a></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container" style="transform: translate(21px, -1px);"><div><a href="/wiki/Mid_back_unrounded_vowel" title="Mid back unrounded vowel">ɤ̞</a></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot"><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></div> <div><a href="/wiki/Mid_back_rounded_vowel" title="Mid back rounded vowel">o̞</a></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Open-mid_vowel" title="Open-mid vowel">Open-mid</a> </th> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container" style="transform: translate(64px, -1px);"><div><a class="mw-selflink selflink">ɛ</a></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot"><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></div> <div><a href="/wiki/Open-mid_front_rounded_vowel" title="Open-mid front rounded vowel">œ</a></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container" style="transform: translate(42px, -1px);"><div><a href="/wiki/Open-mid_central_unrounded_vowel" title="Open-mid central unrounded vowel">ɜ</a></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot"><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></div> <div><a href="/wiki/Open-mid_central_rounded_vowel" title="Open-mid central rounded vowel">ɞ</a></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container" style="transform: translate(21px, -1px);"><div><a href="/wiki/Open-mid_back_unrounded_vowel" title="Open-mid back unrounded vowel">ʌ</a></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot"><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></div> <div><a href="/wiki/Open-mid_back_rounded_vowel" title="Open-mid back rounded vowel">ɔ</a></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row" class="IPA-vowels-minorcaption"><a href="/wiki/Near-open_vowel" title="Near-open vowel">Near-open</a> </th> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container" style="transform: translate(85px, -1px);"><div><a href="/wiki/Near-open_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Near-open front unrounded vowel">æ</a></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot"><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></div> <div></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container" style="transform: translate(53px, -1px);"><div><a href="/wiki/Near-open_central_vowel" title="Near-open central vowel">ɐ</a></div></div> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Open_vowel" title="Open vowel">Open</a> </th> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container" style="transform: translate(106px, -1px);"><div><a href="/wiki/Open_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Open front unrounded vowel">a</a></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot"><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></div> <div><a href="/wiki/Open_front_rounded_vowel" title="Open front rounded vowel">ɶ</a></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container" style="transform: translate(63px, -1px);"><div><a href="/wiki/Open_central_unrounded_vowel" title="Open central unrounded vowel">ä</a></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot"><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></div> <div></div></div> </td> <td><div class="IPA-vowels-container" style="transform: translate(21px, -1px);"><div><a href="/wiki/Open_back_unrounded_vowel" title="Open back unrounded vowel">ɑ</a></div> <div class="IPA-vowels-container-dot"><img alt="•" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/5px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="5" height="5" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Disc_Plain_black.svg/10px-Disc_Plain_black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></div> <div><a href="/wiki/Open_back_rounded_vowel" title="Open back rounded vowel">ɒ</a></div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="IPA-common-notes"> <hr> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA" title="Help:IPA">IPA help</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IPA_vowel_chart_with_audio" title="IPA vowel chart with audio"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/11px-Loudspeaker.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/17px-Loudspeaker.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Loudspeaker.svg/22px-Loudspeaker.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20"></a> <a href="/wiki/IPA_vowel_chart_with_audio" title="IPA vowel chart with audio">audio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet_chart" title="International Phonetic Alphabet chart">full chart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:IPA_vowels" title="Template:IPA vowels">template</a></li></ul> </div> Legend: <a href="/wiki/Roundedness" title="Roundedness">unrounded • rounded</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Spectrogram_of_open-mid_front_unrounded_vowel_(IPA_%C9%9B).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Spectrogram_of_open-mid_front_unrounded_vowel_%28IPA_%C9%9B%29.png/220px-Spectrogram_of_open-mid_front_unrounded_vowel_%28IPA_%C9%9B%29.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Spectrogram_of_open-mid_front_unrounded_vowel_%28IPA_%C9%9B%29.png/330px-Spectrogram_of_open-mid_front_unrounded_vowel_%28IPA_%C9%9B%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Spectrogram_of_open-mid_front_unrounded_vowel_%28IPA_%C9%9B%29.png/440px-Spectrogram_of_open-mid_front_unrounded_vowel_%28IPA_%C9%9B%29.png 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="1700"></a><figcaption>Spectrogram of ⟨<a href="/wiki/%C6%90" class="mw-redirect" title="Ɛ">ɛ</a>⟩</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:IPA_%C6%90_Sagittal_Section.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/IPA_%C6%90_Sagittal_Section.svg/220px-IPA_%C6%90_Sagittal_Section.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="311" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/IPA_%C6%90_Sagittal_Section.svg/330px-IPA_%C6%90_Sagittal_Section.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/IPA_%C6%90_Sagittal_Section.svg/440px-IPA_%C6%90_Sagittal_Section.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="654" data-file-height="925"></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Sagittal_plane" title="Sagittal plane">Sagittal section</a> of a vocal tract pronouncing the IPA sound ⟨<a href="/wiki/%C6%90" class="mw-redirect" title="Ɛ">ɛ</a>⟩. Note that a wavy <a href="/wiki/Glottis" title="Glottis">glottis</a> in this diagram indicates a voiced sound.</figcaption></figure> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Features">1 Features</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Occurrence">2 Occurrence</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#See_also">3 See also</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#Notes">4 Notes</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#References">5 References</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#External_links">6 External links</a></li> </ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><h2 id="Features">Features</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Open-mid_front_unrounded_vowel&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Features" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <ul><li>Its <a href="/wiki/Vowel_height" class="mw-redirect" title="Vowel height">vowel height</a> is <a href="/wiki/Open-mid_vowel" title="Open-mid vowel">open-mid</a>, also known as low-mid, which means the tongue is positioned halfway between an <a href="/wiki/Open_vowel" title="Open vowel">open vowel</a> (a <a href="/wiki/Low_vowel" class="mw-redirect" title="Low vowel">low vowel</a>) and a <a href="/wiki/Mid_vowel" title="Mid vowel">mid vowel</a>.</li> <li>Its <a href="/wiki/Vowel_backness" class="mw-redirect" title="Vowel backness">vowel backness</a> is <a href="/wiki/Front_vowel" title="Front vowel">front</a>, which means the tongue is positioned forward in the mouth without creating a constriction that would be classified as a <a href="/wiki/Consonant" title="Consonant">consonant</a>.</li> <li>It is <a href="/wiki/Roundedness" title="Roundedness">unrounded</a>, which means that the lips are not rounded.</li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><h2 id="Occurrence">Occurrence</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Open-mid_front_unrounded_vowel&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Occurrence" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <table class="wikitable" style="clear: both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2">Language</th> <th>Word</th> <th><a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet" title="International Phonetic Alphabet">IPA</a></th> <th>Meaning</th> <th>Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Akan_language" title="Akan language">Akan (Twi)</a> </td> <td>ɛyɛ </td> <td>[ɛjɛ] </td> <td>'it is good/fine' </td> <td>See <a href="/wiki/Akan_language#Phonology" title="Akan language">Akan phonology</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Arabic" title="Arabic">Arabic</a> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>See <a href="/wiki/Im%C4%81la" title="Imāla">Imāla</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Armenian_language" title="Armenian language">Armenian</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Armenian" title="Eastern Armenian">Eastern</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDum-Tragut200913-2">[2]</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Armenian_alphabet" title="Armenian alphabet">էջ</a>/ēj</td> <td>[ɛd͡ʒ]</td> <td>'page'</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bavarian_language" title="Bavarian language">Bavarian</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Amstetten_dialect" title="Amstetten dialect">Amstetten dialect</a><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a></td> <td colspan="3" align="center">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:AUDIENCE" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:AUDIENCE">example needed</a>]</td> <td>Typically transcribed in IPA with ⟨æ⟩. </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Bengali_language" title="Bengali language">Bengali</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKhan2010222-4">[4]</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bengali_alphabet" title="Bengali alphabet">এক</a>/ek</td> <td>[ɛk]</td> <td>'one'</td> <td>Alternative transcription and phonetic realisation of [<a href="/wiki/Near-open_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Near-open front unrounded vowel">æ</a>]. See <a href="/wiki/Bengali_phonology" title="Bengali phonology">Bengali phonology</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Breton_language" title="Breton language">Breton</a><a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a></td> <td>gwenn</td> <td>[ˈɡwɛnː]</td> <td>'white'</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_language" title="Bulgarian language">Bulgarian</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETernesVladimirova-Buhtz199956-6">[6]</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_language" title="Bulgarian language">пет</a>/pet</td> <td>[pɛt̪]</td> <td>'five'</td> <td>See <a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_phonology" title="Bulgarian phonology">Bulgarian phonology</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Catalan_language" title="Catalan language">Catalan</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECarbonellLlisterri199254-7">[7]</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Catalan_orthography" title="Catalan orthography">set</a></td> <td>[ˈsɛt]</td> <td>'seven'</td> <td>See <a href="/wiki/Catalan_phonology" title="Catalan phonology">Catalan phonology</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Standard_Chinese" title="Standard Chinese">Mandarin</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELin200765-8">[8]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chinese_characters" title="Chinese characters">天</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">tiān</a> </td> <td><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui='{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/1\/1d\/Zh-ti%C4%81n.ogg\/Zh-ti%C4%81n.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"[t\u02b0i\u032f\u025bn\u02e5]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Zh-ti\u0101n.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt"]}'><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1d/Zh-ti%C4%81n.ogg/Zh-ti%C4%81n.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button">[tʰi̯ɛn˥]</a><a href="/wiki/File:Zh-ti%C4%81n.ogg" title="File:Zh-tiān.ogg">ⓘ</a> </td> <td>'sky' </td> <td>Height varies between mid and open depending on the speaker. See <a href="/wiki/Standard_Chinese_phonology" title="Standard Chinese phonology">Standard Chinese phonology</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Chuvash_language" title="Chuvash language">Chuvash</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chuvash_language" title="Chuvash language">ҫепĕç</a> </td> <td>['ɕɛp̬ɘɕ] </td> <td>'gentle, tender' </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Czech_language" title="Czech language">Czech</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDankovi%C4%8Dov%C3%A1199972-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE%C5%A0im%C3%A1%C4%8Dkov%C3%A1Podlipsk%C3%BDChl%C3%A1dkov%C3%A12012228-10">[10]</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Czech_orthography" title="Czech orthography">led</a></td> <td>[lɛt]</td> <td>'ice'</td> <td>In Bohemian Czech, this vowel varies between open-mid front [ɛ], open-mid near-front [ɛ̠] and mid near-front [<a href="/wiki/Mid_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Mid front unrounded vowel">ɛ̝̈</a>].<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDankovi%C4%8Dov%C3%A1199972-9">[9]</a> See <a href="/wiki/Czech_phonology" title="Czech phonology">Czech phonology</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Danish_language" title="Danish language">Danish</a></td> <td>Standard<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGr%C3%B8nnum1998100-11">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBasb%C3%B8ll200545-12">[12]</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dano-Norwegian_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Dano-Norwegian alphabet">frisk</a></td> <td>[ˈfʁɛsk]</td> <td>'fresh'</td> <td>Most often transcribed in IPA with ⟨æ⟩. See <a href="/wiki/Danish_phonology" title="Danish phonology">Danish phonology</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Dutch_language" title="Dutch language">Dutch</a></td> <td>Standard<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGussenhoven199247-13">[13]</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dutch_orthography" title="Dutch orthography">bed</a></td> <td><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-2" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui='{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/4\/40\/Nl-bed.ogg\/Nl-bed.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"[b\u025bt]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Nl-bed.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt"]}'><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/40/Nl-bed.ogg/Nl-bed.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button">[bɛt]</a><a href="/wiki/File:Nl-bed.ogg" title="File:Nl-bed.ogg">ⓘ</a></td> <td>'bed'</td> <td>See <a href="/wiki/Dutch_phonology" title="Dutch phonology">Dutch phonology</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/The_Hague_dialect" title="The Hague dialect">The Hague</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECollinsMees2003136-14">[14]</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dutch_orthography" title="Dutch orthography">jij</a></td> <td><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-3" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui='{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/4\/41\/Gents-jij.ogg\/Gents-jij.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"[j\u025b\u031e\u02d0]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Gents-jij.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt"]}'><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/41/Gents-jij.ogg/Gents-jij.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button">[jɛ̞ː]</a><a href="/wiki/File:Gents-jij.ogg" title="File:Gents-jij.ogg">ⓘ</a></td> <td>'you'</td> <td>Corresponds to [ɛi] in standard Dutch. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="12"><a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/General_American" class="mw-redirect" title="General American">General American</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMannellCoxHarrington2009a-15">[15]</a></td> <td rowspan="5"><a href="/wiki/English_orthography" title="English orthography">bed</a></td> <td rowspan="5"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-4" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui='{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/1\/14\/En-us-bed.ogg\/En-us-bed.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"[b\u025bd]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"En-us-bed.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt"]}'><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/14/En-us-bed.ogg/En-us-bed.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button">[bɛd]</a><a href="/wiki/File:En-us-bed.ogg" title="File:En-us-bed.ogg">ⓘ</a></td> <td rowspan="5">'bed'</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Northern_England_English" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern England English">Northern England</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELodge2009163-16">[16]</a></td> <td>May be somewhat lowered.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELodge2009163-16">[16]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Received_Pronunciation" title="Received Pronunciation">Received Pronunciation</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchmitt2007322%E2%80%93323-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a></td> <td>Older RP speakers pronounce a closer vowel [<a href="/wiki/Mid_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Mid front unrounded vowel">e̞</a>]. See <a href="/wiki/English_phonology" title="English phonology">English phonology</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Younger <a href="/wiki/General_Australian" class="mw-redirect" title="General Australian">General Australian</a> speakers </td> <td>Realization of /e/ due to an ongoing short-front vowel chain shift. See <a href="/wiki/Australian_English_phonology" title="Australian English phonology">Australian English phonology</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Scottish_English" title="Scottish English">Scottish</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEScobbieGordeevaMatthews20067-19">[19]</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Cockney" title="Cockney">Cockney</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHughesTrudgill197935-20">[20]</a></td> <td rowspan="5"><a href="/wiki/English_orthography" title="English orthography">fat</a></td> <td rowspan="5">[fɛt]</td> <td rowspan="5">'fat'</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Singaporean_English" class="mw-redirect" title="Singaporean English">Singaporean</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBet_HashimBrown2000-21">[21]</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_English" title="New Zealand English">New Zealand</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMannellCoxHarrington2009b-22">[22]</a></td> <td>See <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_English_phonology" title="New Zealand English phonology">New Zealand English phonology</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Broad_Australian" class="mw-redirect" title="Broad Australian">Broad Australian</a> </td> <td>Realization of /æ/. General Australian speakers realize this vowel as [<a href="/wiki/Near-open_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Near-open front unrounded vowel">æ</a>] or [<a href="/wiki/Open_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Open front unrounded vowel">a</a>]. See <a href="/wiki/Australian_English_phonology" title="Australian English phonology">Australian English phonology</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Some Broad <a href="/wiki/South_African_English" title="South African English">South African</a> speakers<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELanham19679-23">[23]</a></td> <td>Other speakers realize this vowel as [<a href="/wiki/Near-open_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Near-open front unrounded vowel">æ</a>] or [<a href="/wiki/Open_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Open front unrounded vowel">a</a>]. See <a href="/wiki/South_African_English_phonology" class="mw-redirect" title="South African English phonology">South African English phonology</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mid-Ulster_English" class="mw-redirect" title="Mid-Ulster English">Belfast</a><a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/English_orthography" title="English orthography">days</a></td> <td>[dɛːz]</td> <td>'days'</td> <td>Pronounced [iə] in closed syllables; corresponds to [eɪ] in RP. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Zulu_English" title="Zulu English">Zulu</a><a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/English_orthography" title="English orthography">mate</a></td> <td>[mɛt]</td> <td>'mate'</td> <td>Speakers exhibit a <a href="/wiki/Met%E2%80%93mate_merger" class="mw-redirect" title="Met–mate merger">met-mate merger</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Faroese_language" title="Faroese language">Faroese</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE%C3%81rnason201168,_75-26">[26]</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Faroese_orthography" title="Faroese orthography">frekt</a></td> <td>[fɹɛʰkt]</td> <td>'greedy'</td> <td>See <a href="/wiki/Faroese_phonology" title="Faroese phonology">Faroese phonology</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFougeronSmith199373-27">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECollinsMees2013225-28">[28]</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/French_orthography" title="French orthography">bête</a></td> <td><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-5" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui='{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/8\/8b\/Fr-b%C3%AAte.ogg\/Fr-b%C3%AAte.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"[b\u025bt\u032a]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Fr-b\u00eate.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt"]}'><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8b/Fr-b%C3%AAte.ogg/Fr-b%C3%AAte.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button">[bɛt̪]</a><a href="/wiki/File:Fr-b%C3%AAte.ogg" title="File:Fr-bête.ogg">ⓘ</a></td> <td>'beast'</td> <td>See <a href="/wiki/French_phonology" title="French phonology">French phonology</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Galician_language" title="Galician language">Galician</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Galician_phonology" title="Galician phonology">ferro</a></td> <td>[ˈfɛro̝]</td> <td>'iron'</td> <td>See <a href="/wiki/Galician_phonology" title="Galician phonology">Galician phonology</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Georgian_language" title="Georgian language">Georgian</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShostedChikovani2006261%E2%80%93262-29">[29]</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Georgian_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Georgian alphabet">გედი</a>/gedi</td> <td>[ɡɛdi]</td> <td>'swan'</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="5"><a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Standard_German" title="Standard German">Standard</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHall200382,_107-30">[30]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDudenredaktionKleinerKn%C3%B6bl201534-31">[31]</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/German_orthography" title="German orthography">Bett</a></td> <td><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-6" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui='{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/5\/5e\/De-Bett.ogg\/De-Bett.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"[b\u0325\u025bt]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"De-Bett.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt"]}'><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/5e/De-Bett.ogg/De-Bett.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button">[b̥ɛt]</a><a href="/wiki/File:De-Bett.ogg" title="File:De-Bett.ogg">ⓘ</a></td> <td>'bed'</td> <td>Also described as mid [<a href="/wiki/Mid_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Mid front unrounded vowel">ɛ̝</a>].<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKohler199987-32">[32]</a> See <a href="/wiki/Standard_German_phonology" title="Standard German phonology">Standard German phonology</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Franconian accent<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDudenredaktionKleinerKn%C3%B6bl201540-33">[33]</a></td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/German_orthography" title="German orthography">oder</a></td> <td rowspan="2">[ˈoːdɛ]</td> <td rowspan="2">'or'</td> <td rowspan="2">Used instead of [<a href="/wiki/Near-open_central_vowel" title="Near-open central vowel">ɐ</a>].<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDudenredaktionKleinerKn%C3%B6bl201540-33">[33]</a> See <a href="/wiki/Standard_German_phonology" title="Standard German phonology">Standard German phonology</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Coastal Northern accents<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDudenredaktionKleinerKn%C3%B6bl201540-33">[33]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Swabian accent<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDudenredaktionKleinerKn%C3%B6bl201564-34">[34]</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/German_orthography" title="German orthography">fett</a></td> <td>[fɛt]</td> <td>'fat'</td> <td>Contrasts with the close-mid [<a href="/wiki/Close-mid_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Close-mid front unrounded vowel">e</a>].<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDudenredaktionKleinerKn%C3%B6bl201564-34">[34]</a> See <a href="/wiki/Standard_German_phonology" title="Standard German phonology">Standard German phonology</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Western Swiss accents<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDudenredaktionKleinerKn%C3%B6bl201565-35">[35]</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/German_orthography" title="German orthography">See</a></td> <td>[z̥ɛː]</td> <td>'lake'</td> <td>Close-mid [<a href="/wiki/Close-mid_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Close-mid front unrounded vowel">eː</a>] in other accents; contrasts with the near-open [<a href="/wiki/Near-open_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Near-open front unrounded vowel">æː</a>].<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDudenredaktionKleinerKn%C3%B6bl201534,_65-36">[36]</a> See <a href="/wiki/Standard_German_phonology" title="Standard German phonology">Standard German phonology</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Hindustani_language" title="Hindustani language">Hindustani</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hindi" title="Hindi">Hindi</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Devanagari" title="Devanagari">रहना</a></td> <td rowspan="2">[ˈɾɛɦna]</td> <td rowspan="2">'to stay'</td> <td rowspan="2">See <a href="/wiki/Hindustani_phonology" title="Hindustani phonology">Hindustani phonology</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu">Urdu</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nastaliq" title="Nastaliq">رہنا</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_language" title="Hungarian language">Hungarian</a> </td> <td>lesz </td> <td>[ˈlɛs] </td> <td>'will be' </td> <td>Allophone of [æ]. </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERogersd'Arcangeli2004119-37">[37]</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Italian_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian alphabet">bene</a></td> <td><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-7" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui='{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/e\/ec\/It-bene.ogg\/It-bene.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"[\u02c8b\u025b\u02d0ne]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"It-bene.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt"]}'><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ec/It-bene.ogg/It-bene.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button">[ˈbɛːne]</a><a href="/wiki/File:It-bene.ogg" title="File:It-bene.ogg">ⓘ</a></td> <td>'good'</td> <td>See <a href="/wiki/Italian_phonology" title="Italian phonology">Italian phonology</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Kaingang_language" title="Kaingang language">Kaingang</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJolkesky2009676%E2%80%93677,_682-38">[38]</a></td> <td>mbre</td> <td>[ˈᵐbɾɛ]</td> <td>'with'</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Korean_language" title="Korean language">Korean</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hangul" title="Hangul">매미</a> / <a href="/wiki/Revised_Romanization_of_Korean" title="Revised Romanization of Korean">maemi</a></td> <td>[mɛːmi]</td> <td>'cicada'</td> <td>Merged with /e/ for many speakers. See <a href="/wiki/Korean_phonology" title="Korean phonology">Korean phonology</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Kurdish languages">Kurdish</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kurmanji" title="Kurmanji">Kurmanji (Northern)</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_orthography" class="mw-redirect" title="Kurdish orthography">hevde</a> </td> <td>[hɛvdɛ] </td> <td rowspan="3">'seventeen' </td> <td rowspan="3">See <a href="/wiki/Kurdish_phonology" title="Kurdish phonology">Kurdish phonology</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sorani" title="Sorani">Sorani (Central)</a> </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_orthography" class="mw-redirect" title="Kurdish orthography">هه‌ڤده</a>/hevde </td> <td>[hɛvdæ] </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Palewani" class="mw-redirect" title="Palewani">Pehlewî (Southern)</a> </td> <td>[hɛvdæ] </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Limburgish_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Limburgish language">Limburgish</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGussenhovenAarts1999159-39">[39]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPeters2006119-40">[40]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEVerhoeven2007221-41">[41]</a></td> <td>crème</td> <td>[kʀ̝ɛːm]</td> <td>'cream'</td> <td>The example word is from the <a href="/wiki/Maastrichtian_dialect" title="Maastrichtian dialect">Maastrichtian dialect</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_language" title="Lithuanian language">Lithuanian</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_orthography" title="Lithuanian orthography">mesti</a></td> <td>[mɛs̪t̪ɪ]</td> <td>'throw'</td> <td>See <a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_phonology" title="Lithuanian phonology">Lithuanian phonology</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Lower_Sorbian_language" title="Lower Sorbian language">Lower Sorbian</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStone2002600-42">[42]</a></td> <td>serp</td> <td>[s̪ɛrp]</td> <td>'sickle'</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Luxembourgish_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Luxembourgish language">Luxembourgish</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGillesTrouvain201370-43">[43]</a></td> <td>Stär</td> <td>[ʃtɛːɐ̯]</td> <td>'star'</td> <td>Allophone of /eː/ before /ʀ/.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGillesTrouvain201370-43">[43]</a> See <a href="/wiki/Luxembourgish_phonology" title="Luxembourgish phonology">Luxembourgish phonology</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_language" title="Macedonian language">Macedonian</a><a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a></td> <td>Standard</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_alphabet" title="Macedonian alphabet">мед</a>/med</td> <td>[ˈmɛd̪]</td> <td>'honey'</td> <td>See <a href="/wiki/Macedonian_language#Vowels" title="Macedonian language">Macedonian language § Vowels</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="5"><a href="/wiki/Malay_language" title="Malay language">Malay</a> </td> <td>Standard </td> <td>paling </td> <td>[pälɛŋ] </td> <td>'to play' </td> <td>Possible realisation of /i/ and /e/ in closed final syllables. See <a href="/wiki/Malay_phonology" title="Malay phonology">Malay phonology</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Negeri_Sembilan_Malay" title="Negeri Sembilan Malay">Negeri Sembilan</a> </td> <td>cepat </td> <td>[cɔpɛɁ] </td> <td>'quick' </td> <td>See <a href="/wiki/Negeri_Sembilan_Malay" title="Negeri Sembilan Malay">Negeri Sembilan Malay</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kelantan-Pattani_Malay" title="Kelantan-Pattani Malay">Kelatan-Pattani</a> </td> <td>ayam </td> <td>[äjɛː] </td> <td>'chicken' </td> <td>See <a href="/wiki/Kelantan-Pattani_Malay" title="Kelantan-Pattani Malay">Kelatan-Pattani</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Terengganu_Malay" title="Terengganu Malay">Terengganu</a> </td> <td>biasa </td> <td>[bɛsə] </td> <td>'normal' </td> <td>See <a href="/wiki/Terengganu_Malay" title="Terengganu Malay">Terengganu Malay</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Perak_Malay" title="Perak Malay">Perak</a> </td> <td>mata </td> <td>[matɛ] </td> <td>'eye' </td> <td>See <a href="/wiki/Perak_Malay" title="Perak Malay">Perak Malay</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Norman_language" title="Norman language">Norman</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/J%C3%A8rriais" title="Jèrriais">Jersey</a></td> <td>affaûrder</td> <td>[afɔrˈdɛ]</td> <td>'to afford'</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_language" title="Norwegian language">Norwegian</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sognam%C3%A5l_dialect" title="Sognamål dialect">Sognamål</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHaugen200430-46">[46]</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Norwegian alphabet">pest</a></td> <td>[pʰɛst]</td> <td>'plague'</td> <td>See <a href="/wiki/Norwegian_phonology" title="Norwegian phonology">Norwegian phonology</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Occitan_language" title="Occitan language">Occitan</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Occitan_alphabet" title="Occitan alphabet">grèga</a></td> <td>[ˈɣɾɛɣɔ]</td> <td>'Greek'</td> <td>See <a href="/wiki/Occitan_phonology" title="Occitan phonology">Occitan phonology</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Polish_language" title="Polish language">Polish</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJassem2003105-47">[47]</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Polish_orthography" title="Polish orthography">ten</a></td> <td><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-8" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui='{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/0\/08\/Pl-ten.ogg\/Pl-ten.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"[t\u032a\u025bn\u032a]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Pl-ten.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt"]}'><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/08/Pl-ten.ogg/Pl-ten.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button">[t̪ɛn̪]</a><a href="/wiki/File:Pl-ten.ogg" title="File:Pl-ten.ogg">ⓘ</a></td> <td>'this one' (nom. m.)</td> <td>See <a href="/wiki/Polish_phonology" title="Polish phonology">Polish phonology</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a></td> <td>Most dialects<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECruz-Ferreira199591-48">[48]</a><a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_orthography" title="Portuguese orthography">pé</a></td> <td>[ˈpɛ]</td> <td>'foot'</td> <td>Stressed vowel might be lower [<a href="/wiki/Near-open_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Near-open front unrounded vowel">æ</a>]. The presence and use of other unstressed ⟨e⟩ allophones, such as [<a href="/wiki/Mid_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Mid front unrounded vowel">e̞</a> <a href="/wiki/Close-mid_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Close-mid front unrounded vowel">e</a> <a href="/wiki/Near-close_near-front_unrounded_vowel" title="Near-close near-front unrounded vowel">ɪ</a> <a href="/wiki/Close_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Close front unrounded vowel">i</a> <a href="/wiki/Near-close_near-back_rounded_vowel" title="Near-close near-back rounded vowel">ɨ</a>], varies according to dialect. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Some speakers<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_orthography" title="Portuguese orthography">tempo</a></td> <td>[ˈt̪ɛ̃mpu]</td> <td>'time'</td> <td>Timbre differences for nasalized vowels are mainly kept in European Portuguese. See <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_phonology" title="Portuguese phonology">Portuguese phonology</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Romanian_language" title="Romanian language">Romanian</a></td> <td>Transylvanian dialects<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPop193829-51">[51]</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Romanian_alphabet" title="Romanian alphabet">vede</a></td> <td>[ˈvɛɟe]</td> <td>'(he) sees'</td> <td>Corresponds to mid [<a href="/wiki/Mid_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Mid front unrounded vowel">e̞</a>] in standard Romanian. See <a href="/wiki/Romanian_phonology" title="Romanian phonology">Romanian phonology</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEJonesWard196941-52">[52]</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Russian_orthography" title="Russian orthography">это</a>/eto</td> <td><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-9" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-labelElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui='{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/5\/54\/Ru-%D1%8D%D1%82%D0%BE.ogg\/Ru-%D1%8D%D1%82%D0%BE.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","label":{"html":"[\u02c8\u025bt\u032a\u0259]<\/span>"},"data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Ru-\u044d\u0442\u043e.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt"]}'><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/54/Ru-%D1%8D%D1%82%D0%BE.ogg/Ru-%D1%8D%D1%82%D0%BE.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button">[ˈɛt̪ə]</a><a href="/wiki/File:Ru-%D1%8D%D1%82%D0%BE.ogg" title="File:Ru-это.ogg">ⓘ</a></td> <td>'this'</td> <td>See <a href="/wiki/Russian_phonology" title="Russian phonology">Russian phonology</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Shiwiar_language" title="Shiwiar language">Shiwiar</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFast_Mowitz19752-53">[53]</a></td> <td>[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:AUDIENCE" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:AUDIENCE">example needed</a>]</td> <td></td> <td></td> <td>Allophone of /a/. </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Slovene_language" title="Slovene language">Slovene</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Slovene_orthography" class="mw-redirect" title="Slovene orthography">met</a></td> <td>[mɛ́t]</td> <td>'throw' (n.)</td> <td>See <a href="/wiki/Slovene_phonology" title="Slovene phonology">Slovene phonology</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Andalusian_Spanish" title="Andalusian Spanish">Eastern Andalusian</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZamora_Vicente1967?-54">[54]</a></td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Spanish_alphabet" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish alphabet">las madres</a></td> <td rowspan="2">[læ̞ː ˈmæ̞ːð̞ɾɛː]</td> <td rowspan="2">'the mothers'</td> <td rowspan="2">Corresponds to [<a href="/wiki/Mid_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Mid front unrounded vowel">e̞</a>] in other dialects, but in these dialects they are distinct. See <a href="/wiki/Spanish_phonology" title="Spanish phonology">Spanish phonology</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Murcian_Spanish" title="Murcian Spanish">Murcian</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZamora_Vicente1967?-54">[54]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Swahili_language" title="Swahili language">Swahili</a> </td> <td>shule </td> <td>[ʃulɛ] </td> <td>'school' </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Swedish_language" title="Swedish language">Swedish</a></td> <td>Central Standard<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEngstrand1999140-55">[55]</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Swedish_alphabet" title="Swedish alphabet">ät</a></td> <td>[ɛ̠ːt̪]</td> <td>'eat' (<a href="/wiki/Imperative_mood" title="Imperative mood">imp.</a>)</td> <td>Somewhat retracted.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEngstrand1999140-55">[55]</a> See <a href="/wiki/Swedish_phonology" title="Swedish phonology">Swedish phonology</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Tagalog_language" title="Tagalog language">Tagalog</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Filipino_orthography" title="Filipino orthography">peke</a></td> <td>[ˈpɛxɛʔ]</td> <td>'fake'</td> <td>See <a href="/wiki/Tagalog_phonology" title="Tagalog phonology">Tagalog phonology</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Telugu_language" title="Telugu language">Telugu</a> </td> <td>చేప </td> <td>[tʃɛːa] </td> <td>'Fish' </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Goat" title="Goat">మేక</a> </td> <td>[mɛːka] </td> <td>'Goat' </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Thai_language" title="Thai language">Thai</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Thai_script" title="Thai script">แตร</a> / <a href="/wiki/Royal_Thai_General_System_of_Transcription" title="Royal Thai General System of Transcription">trae</a></td> <td>[trɛː˧]</td> <td>'horn (instrument)' </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Turkish_language" title="Turkish language">Turkish</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEG%C3%B6kselKerslake200510-56">[56]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZimmerOrgun1999155-57">[57]</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Turkish_alphabet" title="Turkish alphabet">ülke</a></td> <td>[y̠l̠ˈcɛ]</td> <td>'country'</td> <td>Allophone of /e/ described variously as "word-final"<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEG%C3%B6kselKerslake200510-56">[56]</a> and "occurring in final open syllable of a phrase".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEZimmerOrgun1999155-57">[57]</a> See <a href="/wiki/Turkish_phonology" title="Turkish phonology">Turkish phonology</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_language" title="Ukrainian language">Ukrainian</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDanyenkoVakulenko19954-58">[58]</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_alphabet" title="Ukrainian alphabet">день</a>/den'</td> <td>[dɛnʲ]</td> <td>'day'</td> <td>See <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_phonology" title="Ukrainian phonology">Ukrainian phonology</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Upper_Sorbian_language" title="Upper Sorbian language">Upper Sorbian</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStone2002600-42">[42]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTE%C5%A0ewc-Schuster198420-59">[59]</a></td> <td>čelo</td> <td>[ˈt͡ʃɛlɔ]</td> <td>'calf'</td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Welsh_language" title="Welsh language">Welsh</a> </td> <td>nesaf </td> <td>[nɛsav] </td> <td>'next' </td> <td>See <a href="/wiki/Welsh_phonology" title="Welsh phonology">Welsh phonology</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/West_Frisian_language" title="West Frisian language">West Frisian</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETiersma199910-60">[60]</a></td> <td>beppe</td> <td>[ˈbɛpə]</td> <td>'grandma'</td> <td>See <a href="/wiki/West_Frisian_phonology" title="West Frisian phonology">West Frisian phonology</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Yoruba_language" title="Yoruba language">Yoruba</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBamgbo%E1%B9%A3e1966166-61">[61]</a></td> <td lang="yo"><a href="/wiki/Standard_Yoruba" class="mw-redirect" title="Standard Yoruba">ẹsẹ̀</a></td> <td>[ɛ̄sɛ]</td> <td>'leg'</td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Open-mid_front_unrounded_vowel&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_phonetics_articles" title="Index of phonetics articles">Index of phonetics articles</a></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Open-mid_front_unrounded_vowel&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Notes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> While the <a href="/wiki/International_Phonetic_Association" title="International Phonetic Association">International Phonetic Association</a> prefers the terms "close" and "open" for <a href="/wiki/Vowel_height" class="mw-redirect" title="Vowel height">vowel height</a>, many linguists use "high" and "low". </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDum-Tragut200913-2"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDum-Tragut200913_2-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDum-Tragut2009">Dum-Tragut (2009)</a>, p. 13. </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFTraunm%C3%BCller1982">Traunmüller (1982)</a>, cited in <a href="#CITEREFLadefogedMaddieson1996">Ladefoged & Maddieson (1996</a>:290) </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKhan2010222-4"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKhan2010222_4-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFKhan2010">Khan (2010)</a>, p. 222. </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> Mikael Madeg, Traité de prononciation du breton du Nord-Ouest à l’usage des bretonnants, Emgleo Breiz, Brest, 2010 </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETernesVladimirova-Buhtz199956-6"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETernesVladimirova-Buhtz199956_6-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFTernesVladimirova-Buhtz1999">Ternes & Vladimirova-Buhtz (1999)</a>, p. 56. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECarbonellLlisterri199254-7"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECarbonellLlisterri199254_7-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFCarbonellLlisterri1992">Carbonell & Llisterri (1992)</a>, p. 54. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELin200765-8"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELin200765_8-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLin2007">Lin (2007)</a>, p. 65. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDankovičová199972-9">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDankovi%C4%8Dov%C3%A1199972_9-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDankovi%C4%8Dov%C3%A1199972_9-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFDankovi%C4%8Dov%C3%A11999">Dankovičová (1999)</a>, p. 72. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEŠimáčkováPodlipskýChládková2012228-10"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE%C5%A0im%C3%A1%C4%8Dkov%C3%A1Podlipsk%C3%BDChl%C3%A1dkov%C3%A12012228_10-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREF%C5%A0im%C3%A1%C4%8Dkov%C3%A1Podlipsk%C3%BDChl%C3%A1dkov%C3%A12012">Šimáčková, Podlipský & Chládková (2012)</a>, p. 228. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGrønnum1998100-11"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGr%C3%B8nnum1998100_11-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFGr%C3%B8nnum1998">Grønnum (1998)</a>, p. 100. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBasbøll200545-12"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBasb%C3%B8ll200545_12-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBasb%C3%B8ll2005">Basbøll (2005)</a>, p. 45. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGussenhoven199247-13"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGussenhoven199247_13-0">^</a> <a 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(2015)</a>, pp. 34, 65. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERogersd'Arcangeli2004119-37"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERogersd'Arcangeli2004119_37-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFRogersd'Arcangeli2004">Rogers & d'Arcangeli (2004)</a>, p. 119. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJolkesky2009676–677,_682-38"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJolkesky2009676%E2%80%93677,_682_38-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFJolkesky2009">Jolkesky (2009)</a>, pp. 676–677, 682. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGussenhovenAarts1999159-39"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGussenhovenAarts1999159_39-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFGussenhovenAarts1999">Gussenhoven & Aarts (1999)</a>, p. 159. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPeters2006119-40"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPeters2006119_40-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFPeters2006">Peters (2006)</a>, p. 119. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEVerhoeven2007221-41"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEVerhoeven2007221_41-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFVerhoeven2007">Verhoeven (2007)</a>, p. 221. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEStone2002600-42">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStone2002600_42-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStone2002600_42-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFStone2002">Stone (2002)</a>, p. 600. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGillesTrouvain201370-43">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGillesTrouvain201370_43-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGillesTrouvain201370_43-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFGillesTrouvain2013">Gilles & Trouvain (2013)</a>, p. 70. </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFFriedman2001">Friedman (2001</a>:10) </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLunt1952">Lunt (1952</a>:10–11) </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHaugen200430-46"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHaugen200430_46-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFHaugen2004">Haugen (2004)</a>, p. 30. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJassem2003105-47"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJassem2003105_47-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFJassem2003">Jassem (2003)</a>, p. 105. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECruz-Ferreira199591-48"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECruz-Ferreira199591_48-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFCruz-Ferreira1995">Cruz-Ferreira (1995)</a>, p. 91. </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pucminas.br/imagedb/mestrado_doutorado/publicacoes/PUA_ARQ_ARQUI20121017151454.pdf">Variação inter- e intra-dialetal no português brasileiro: um problema para a teoria fonológica – Seung-Hwa LEE & Marco A. de Oliveira</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141215091040/http://www.pucminas.br/imagedb/mestrado_doutorado/publicacoes/PUA_ARQ_ARQUI20121017151454.pdf">Archived</a> 2014-12-15 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cl.up.pt/arquivo/como/tabela_fenomenos.pdf">Lista das marcas dialetais e ouros fenómenos de variação (fonética e fonológica) identificados nas amostras do Arquivo Dialetal do CLUP</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPop193829-51"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPop193829_51-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFPop1938">Pop (1938)</a>, p. 29. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEJonesWard196941-52"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEJonesWard196941_52-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFJonesWard1969">Jones & Ward (1969)</a>, p. 41. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFast_Mowitz19752-53"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFast_Mowitz19752_53-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFFast_Mowitz1975">Fast Mowitz (1975)</a>, p. 2. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEZamora_Vicente1967?-54">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZamora_Vicente1967?_54-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZamora_Vicente1967?_54-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFZamora_Vicente1967">Zamora Vicente (1967)</a>, p. ?. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEngstrand1999140-55">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEngstrand1999140_55-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEngstrand1999140_55-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFEngstrand1999">Engstrand (1999)</a>, p. 140. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGökselKerslake200510-56">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEG%C3%B6kselKerslake200510_56-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEG%C3%B6kselKerslake200510_56-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFG%C3%B6kselKerslake2005">Göksel & Kerslake (2005)</a>, p. 10. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEZimmerOrgun1999155-57">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZimmerOrgun1999155_57-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEZimmerOrgun1999155_57-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFZimmerOrgun1999">Zimmer & Orgun (1999)</a>, p. 155. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDanyenkoVakulenko19954-58"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDanyenkoVakulenko19954_58-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFDanyenkoVakulenko1995">Danyenko & Vakulenko (1995)</a>, p. 4. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEŠewc-Schuster198420-59"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTE%C5%A0ewc-Schuster198420_59-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREF%C5%A0ewc-Schuster1984">Šewc-Schuster (1984)</a>, p. 20. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETiersma199910-60"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETiersma199910_60-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFTiersma1999">Tiersma (1999)</a>, p. 10. </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBamgboṣe1966166-61"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBamgbo%E1%B9%A3e1966166_61-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBamgbo%E1%B9%A3e1966">Bamgboṣe (1966)</a>, p. 166. </li> </ol></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"><h2 id="References">References</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Open-mid_front_unrounded_vowel&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFÁrnason2011" class="citation cs2">Árnason, Kristján (2011), The Phonology of Icelandic and Faroese, Oxford University Press, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-922931-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-922931-4"><bdi>978-0-19-922931-4</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Phonology+of+Icelandic+and+Faroese&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-19-922931-4&rft.aulast=%C3%81rnason&rft.aufirst=Kristj%C3%A1n&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOpen-mid+front+unrounded+vowel" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBamgboṣe1966" class="citation cs2">Bamgboṣe, Ayọ (1966), A Grammar of Yoruba, [West African Languages Survey / Institute of African Studies], Cambridge: Cambridge University Press</cite><span 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title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Phonology+of+Danish&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0-203-97876-5&rft.aulast=Basb%C3%B8ll&rft.aufirst=Hans&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOpen-mid+front+unrounded+vowel" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBet_HashimBrown2000" class="citation cs2">Bet Hashim, Suzanna; Brown, Adam (2000), "The [e] and [æ] vowels in Singapore English", in Brown, Adam; Deterding, David; Ling, Low Ee Ling (eds.), The English Language in Singapore: Research on Pronunciation, Singapore: Singapore Association for Applied Linguistics, pp. 84–92, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/981-04-2598-8" title="Special:BookSources/981-04-2598-8"><bdi>981-04-2598-8</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+%5Be%5D+and+%5B%C3%A6%5D+vowels+in+Singapore+English&rft.btitle=The+English+Language+in+Singapore%3A+Research+on+Pronunciation&rft.place=Singapore&rft.pages=84-92&rft.pub=Singapore+Association+for+Applied+Linguistics&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=981-04-2598-8&rft.aulast=Bet+Hashim&rft.aufirst=Suzanna&rft.au=Brown%2C+Adam&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOpen-mid+front+unrounded+vowel" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarbonellLlisterri1992" class="citation cs2">Carbonell, Joan F.; Llisterri, Joaquim (1992), "Catalan", Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 22 (1–2): 53–56, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0025100300004618">10.1017/S0025100300004618</a>, <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:249411809">249411809</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+International+Phonetic+Association&rft.atitle=Catalan&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=1%E2%80%932&rft.pages=53-56&rft.date=1992&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0025100300004618&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A249411809%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Carbonell&rft.aufirst=Joan+F.&rft.au=Llisterri%2C+Joaquim&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOpen-mid+front+unrounded+vowel" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCollinsMees2003" class="citation cs2">Collins, Beverley; Mees, Inger M. 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title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+the+International+Phonetic+Association&rft.atitle=Illustrations+of+the+IPA%3A+Burmese&rft.volume=31&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=291-295&rft.date=2001&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0025100301002122&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A232344700%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Watkins&rft.aufirst=Justin+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cambridge.org%2Fcore%2Fservices%2Faop-cambridge-core%2Fcontent%2Fview%2F334DD11C94575EF39A51109B008FB090%2FS0025100301002122a.pdf%2Fburmese.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOpen-mid+front+unrounded+vowel" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZamora_Vicente1967" class="citation cs2">Zamora Vicente, Alonso (1967), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bwb_KR-426-128">Dialectología española</a> (2nd ed.), 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href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180725111322/http://www.uta.edu/faculty/cmfitz/swnal/projects/CoLang/courses/Transcription/rosettaproject_tur_phon-2.pdf">"Turkish"</a> (PDF), Handbook of the International Phonetic Association: A guide to the use of the International Phonetic Alphabet, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 154–158, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-521-65236-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-521-65236-7"><bdi>0-521-65236-7</bdi></a>, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uta.edu/faculty/cmfitz/swnal/projects/CoLang/courses/Transcription/rosettaproject_tur_phon-2.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 2018-07-25, retrieved 2015-11-21</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Turkish&rft.btitle=Handbook+of+the+International+Phonetic+Association%3A+A+guide+to+the+use+of+the+International+Phonetic+Alphabet&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pages=154-158&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=0-521-65236-7&rft.aulast=Zimmer&rft.aufirst=Karl&rft.au=Orgun%2C+Orhan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uta.edu%2Ffaculty%2Fcmfitz%2Fswnal%2Fprojects%2FCoLang%2Fcourses%2FTranscription%2Frosettaproject_tur_phon-2.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AOpen-mid+front+unrounded+vowel" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Open-mid_front_unrounded_vowel&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://phoible.org/parameters?sSearch_0=%C9%9B">List of languages with [ɛ]</a> on <a href="/wiki/PHOIBLE" title="PHOIBLE">PHOIBLE</a></li></ul> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235389435"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886049671">.mw-parser-output .IPA-pulmonic-placearrow{border-bottom:none;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .IPA-pulmonic-mannerarrow{border-top:none;text-align:left;vertical-align:bottom}.mw-parser-output .IPA-pulmonic-main td:nth-child(even),.mw-parser-output .IPA-pulmonic-main td:nth-child(9):not(.IPA-common-rightborder),.mw-parser-output .IPA-pulmonic-main td:nth-child(11):not(.IPA-common-rightborder){border-right:none}.mw-parser-output .IPA-pulmonic-main td:nth-child(odd),.mw-parser-output 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role="contentinfo"> <a class="last-modified-bar" href="/w/index.php?title=Open-mid_front_unrounded_vowel&action=history"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"> Last edited on 18 October 2024, at 07:43 </div> </a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id='mw-data-after-content'> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Languages</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ongeronde_halfoop_voorklinker" title="Ongeronde halfoop voorklinker – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Ongeronde halfoop voorklinker" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ungerundeter_halboffener_Vorderzungenvokal" title="Ungerundeter halboffener Vorderzungenvokal – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Ungerundeter halboffener Vorderzungenvokal" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Alemannisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%AA_%D8%A3%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%8A_%D9%85%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%B7_%D9%85%D9%81%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%AD_%D8%BA%D9%8A%D8%B1_%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1" title="صائت أمامي متوسط مفتوح غير مدور – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="صائت أمامي متوسط مفتوح غير مدور" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vocal_semiubierta_anterior_no_arredondiada" title="Vocal semiubierta anterior no arredondiada – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Vocal semiubierta anterior no arredondiada" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Po%C3%A0n_khai_ch%C3%AAng_put_o%C3%A2n-t%C3%BBn_bi%C3%B3-im" title="Poàn khai chêng put oân-tûn bió-im – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Poàn khai chêng put oân-tûn bió-im" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D0%BF%D1%8F%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%83_%D1%81%D1%8F%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B5-%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B6%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%B3%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%B4%E2%80%99%D1%91%D0%BC%D1%83" title="Неагублены галосны пярэдняга раду сярэдне-ніжняга пад’ёму – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Неагублены галосны пярэдняга раду сярэдне-ніжняга пад’ёму" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%8A%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Полуотворена предна незакръглена гласна – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Полуотворена предна незакръглена гласна" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vogalenn_digor-etre_a-raok_plaen" title="Vogalenn digor-etre a-raok plaen – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Vogalenn digor-etre a-raok plaen" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polootev%C5%99en%C3%A1_p%C5%99edn%C3%AD_nezaokrouhlen%C3%A1_samohl%C3%A1ska" title="Polootevřená přední nezaokrouhlená samohláska – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Polootevřená přední nezaokrouhlená samohláska" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ungerundeter_halboffener_Vorderzungenvokal" title="Ungerundeter halboffener Vorderzungenvokal – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ungerundeter halboffener Vorderzungenvokal" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vocal_semiabierta_anterior_no_redondeada" title="Vocal semiabierta anterior no redondeada – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Vocal semiabierta anterior no redondeada" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voyelle_mi-ouverte_ant%C3%A9rieure_non_arrondie" title="Voyelle mi-ouverte antérieure non arrondie – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Voyelle mi-ouverte antérieure non arrondie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%84%EC%84%A4_%EB%B9%84%EC%9B%90%EC%88%9C_%EC%A4%91%EC%A0%80%EB%AA%A8%EC%9D%8C" title="전설 비원순 중저모음 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="전설 비원순 중저모음" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%83%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0" title="प्रसृत अर्धविवृत अग्रस्वर – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="प्रसृत अर्धविवृत अग्रस्वर" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vokal_takbulat_setengah_terbuka_depan" title="Vokal takbulat setengah terbuka depan – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Vokal takbulat setengah terbuka depan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vocale_anteriore_semiaperta_non_arrotondata" title="Vocale anteriore semiaperta non arrotondata – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Vocale anteriore semiaperta non arrotondata" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%A2%D7%94_%D7%A7%D7%93%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%AA,_%D7%97%D7%A6%D7%99-%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%97%D7%94,_%D7%91%D7%9C%D7%AA%D7%99-%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%95%D7%92%D7%9C%D7%AA" title="תנועה קדמית, חצי-פתוחה, בלתי-מעוגלת – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="תנועה קדמית, חצי-פתוחה, בלתי-מעוגלת" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aop-midden_%C3%B3nger%C3%B3nje_veurklinker" title="Aop-midden óngerónje veurklinker – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Aop-midden óngerónje veurklinker" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Limburgs</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Полуотворена предна незаоблена самогласка – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Полуотворена предна незаоблена самогласка" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vokal_tak_bundar_depan_separuh_luas" title="Vokal tak bundar depan separuh luas – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Vokal tak bundar depan separuh luas" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%9B%E1%80%BE%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B7%E1%80%90%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9D%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%96%E1%80%BD%E1%80%84%E1%80%B7%E1%80%BA%E1%80%A1%E1%80%95%E1%80%BC%E1%80%94%E1%80%B7%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9E%E1%80%9B" title="အရှေ့တစ်ဝက်ဖွင့်အပြန့်သရ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အရှေ့တစ်ဝက်ဖွင့်အပြန့်သရ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ongeronde_halfopen_voorklinker" title="Ongeronde halfopen voorklinker – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ongeronde halfopen voorklinker" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E5%86%86%E5%94%87%E5%89%8D%E8%88%8C%E5%8D%8A%E5%BA%83%E6%AF%8D%E9%9F%B3" title="非円唇前舌半広母音 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="非円唇前舌半広母音" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vocala_semiob%C3%A8rta_anteriora_non_arredondida" title="Vocala semiobèrta anteriora non arredondida – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Vocala semiobèrta anteriora non arredondida" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samog%C5%82oska_p%C3%B3%C5%82otwarta_przednia_niezaokr%C4%85glona" title="Samogłoska półotwarta przednia niezaokrąglona – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Samogłoska półotwarta przednia niezaokrąglona" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vogal_anterior_semiaberta_n%C3%A3o_arredondada" title="Vogal anterior semiaberta não arredondada – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Vogal anterior semiaberta não arredondada" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vocal%C4%83_semideschis%C4%83_anterioar%C4%83_nerotunjit%C4%83" title="Vocală semideschisă anterioară nerotunjită – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Vocală semideschisă anterioară nerotunjită" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D1%81%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B5-%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%8A%D1%91%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Неогублённый гласный переднего ряда средне-нижнего подъёма – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Неогублённый гласный переднего ряда средне-нижнего подъёма" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open-mid_front_unrounded_vowel" title="Open-mid front unrounded vowel – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Open-mid front unrounded vowel" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%9A%D0%B8_%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Полуотворен предњи нелабијализован самогласник – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Полуотворен предњи нелабијализован самогласник" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lavea_puoliv%C3%A4lj%C3%A4_etuvokaali" title="Lavea puoliväljä etuvokaali – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Lavea puoliväljä etuvokaali" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mellan%C3%B6ppen_fr%C3%A4mre_orundad_vokal" title="Mellanöppen främre orundad vokal – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Mellanöppen främre orundad vokal" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yar%C4%B1_a%C3%A7%C4%B1k_%C3%B6n_d%C3%BCz_%C3%BCnl%C3%BC" title="Yarı açık ön düz ünlü – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Yarı açık ön düz ünlü" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%B4%D1%83_%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8C%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%82%D1%8F" title="Неогублений голосний переднього ряду низькосереднього підняття – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Неогублений голосний переднього ряду низькосереднього підняття" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voca%C5%82e_anteriore_semiverta_no_rodondada" title="Vocałe anteriore semiverta no rodondada – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Vocałe anteriore semiverta no rodondada" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vèneto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E9%96%8B%E5%89%8D%E4%B8%8D%E5%9C%93%E5%94%87%E5%85%83%E9%9F%B3" title="半開前不圓唇元音 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="半開前不圓唇元音" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li></ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"><img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"/> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 18 October 2024, at 07:43 (UTC).</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Content is available under <a class="external" rel="nofollow" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">CC 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<script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-754858f5b9-74s88","wgBackendResponseTime":178,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.978","walltime":"2.202","ppvisitednodes":{"value":18842,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":591692,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":64966,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":30,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":14,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":194348,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1874.267 1 -total"," 24.12% 452.000 5 Template:IPA_common"," 23.63% 442.960 1 Template:IPA_navigation"," 22.84% 428.120 1 Template:Navbox_with_collapsible_groups"," 15.20% 284.875 291 Template:IPA_link"," 14.36% 269.098 51 Template:Citation"," 12.05% 225.925 62 Template:Sfnp"," 9.03% 169.269 46 Template:Lang"," 8.43% 157.984 2 Template:IPA_vowels"," 8.20% 153.695 1 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