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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><p><b>Semantic Scholar</b> is a research tool for scientific literature powered by <a href="/wiki/Artificial_intelligence" title="Artificial intelligence">artificial intelligence</a>. It is developed at the <a href="/wiki/Allen_Institute_for_AI" title="Allen Institute for AI">Allen Institute for AI</a> and was publicly released in November 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-Eunjung_Cha_3Nov2015_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Eunjung_Cha_3Nov2015-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Semantic Scholar uses modern techniques in <a href="/wiki/Natural_language_processing" title="Natural language processing">natural language processing</a> to support the research process, for example by providing automatically generated summaries of scholarly papers.<sup id="cite_ref-Hao_18Nov2020_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hao_18Nov2020-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Semantic Scholar team is actively researching the use of artificial intelligence in <a href="/wiki/Natural_language_processing" title="Natural language processing">natural language processing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Machine_learning" title="Machine learning">machine learning</a>, <a href="/wiki/Human%E2%80%93computer_interaction" title="Human–computer interaction">human–computer interaction</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Information_retrieval" title="Information retrieval">information retrieval</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Semantic Scholar</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Semantic_Scholar_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Semantic_Scholar_logo.svg/220px-Semantic_Scholar_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Semantic_Scholar_logo.svg/330px-Semantic_Scholar_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Semantic_Scholar_logo.svg/440px-Semantic_Scholar_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="92"></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Type of site</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Search_engine" title="Search engine">Search engine</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Created by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Allen_Institute_for_Artificial_Intelligence" class="mw-redirect" title="Allen Institute for Artificial Intelligence">Allen Institute for Artificial Intelligence</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">URL</th><td class="infobox-data url"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://semanticscholar.org">semanticscholar<wbr></wbr>.org</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Launched</th><td class="infobox-data">November 2, 2015<span class="noprint">; 9 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2015-11-02</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Semantic Scholar began as a database for the topics of <a href="/wiki/Computer_science" title="Computer science">computer science</a>, <a href="/wiki/Geoscience" class="mw-redirect" title="Geoscience">geoscience</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Neuroscience" title="Neuroscience">neuroscience</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2017, the system began including <a href="/wiki/Biomedical_literature" class="mw-redirect" title="Biomedical literature">biomedical literature</a> in its corpus.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of September 2022<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Semantic_Scholar&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, it includes over 200 million publications from all fields of science.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Technology"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Technology</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Article_identifier"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Article identifier</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Indexing"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Indexing</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#Number_of_users_and_publications"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Number of users and publications</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Technology">Technology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Semantic_Scholar&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Technology" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <p>Semantic Scholar provides a one-sentence summary of <a href="/wiki/Scientific_literature" title="Scientific literature">scientific literature</a>. One of its aims was to address the challenge of reading numerous titles and lengthy abstracts on mobile devices.<sup id="cite_ref-Grad_24Nov2020_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grad_24Nov2020-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It also seeks to ensure that the three million scientific papers published yearly reach readers, since it is estimated that only half of this literature is ever read.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Artificial intelligence is used to capture the essence of a paper, generating it through an "abstractive" technique.<sup id="cite_ref-Hao_18Nov2020_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hao_18Nov2020-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The project uses a combination of <a href="/wiki/Machine_learning" title="Machine learning">machine learning</a>, <a href="/wiki/Natural_language_processing" title="Natural language processing">natural language processing</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Machine_vision" title="Machine vision">machine vision</a> to add a layer of <a href="/wiki/Semantic_analysis_(linguistics)" title="Semantic analysis (linguistics)">semantic analysis</a> to the traditional methods of <a href="/wiki/Citation_analysis" title="Citation analysis">citation analysis</a>, and to extract relevant figures, <a href="/wiki/Table_extraction" title="Table extraction">tables</a>, entities, and venues from papers.<sup id="cite_ref-Bohannon_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bohannon-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Another key AI-powered feature is Research Feeds, an adaptive research recommender that uses AI to quickly learn what papers users care about reading and recommends the latest research to help scholars stay up to date. It uses a state-of-the-art paper embedding model trained using contrastive learning to find papers similar to those in each Library folder.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Semantic Scholar also offers Semantic Reader, an augmented reader with the potential to revolutionize scientific reading by making it more accessible and richly contextual.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Semantic Reader provides in-line citation cards that allow users to see citations with <a href="/wiki/TL;DR" title="TL;DR">TLDR</a> (short for Too Long, Didn't Read) automatically generated short summaries as they read and skimming highlights that capture key points of a paper so users can digest faster. </p><p>In contrast with <a href="/wiki/Google_Scholar" title="Google Scholar">Google Scholar</a> and <a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PubMed</a>, Semantic Scholar is designed to highlight the most important and influential elements of a paper.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The AI technology is designed to identify hidden connections and links between research topics.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Like the previously cited search engines, Semantic Scholar also exploits graph structures, which include the <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Academic" title="Microsoft Academic">Microsoft Academic Knowledge Graph</a>, Springer Nature's <a href="/wiki/SciGraph" title="SciGraph">SciGraph</a>, and the Semantic Scholar Corpus (originally a 45 million papers corpus in computer science, neuroscience and biomedicine).<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Article_identifier">Article identifier <span class="anchor" id="S2CID"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Semantic_Scholar&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Article identifier" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <p>Each paper hosted by Semantic Scholar is assigned a unique <a href="/wiki/Identifier" title="Identifier">identifier</a> called the Semantic Scholar Corpus ID (abbreviated S2CID). The following entry is an example: </p> <blockquote><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><p><cite id="CITEREFLiuGayleWilder-SmithRocklöv2020" class="citation journal cs1">Liu, Ying; Gayle, Albert A; Wilder-Smith, Annelies; Rocklöv, Joacim (March 2020). "The reproductive number of COVID-19 is higher compared to SARS coronavirus". <i>Journal of Travel Medicine</i>. <b>27</b> (2). <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fjtm%2Ftaaa021">10.1093/jtm/taaa021</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32052846">32052846</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:211099356">211099356</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Travel+Medicine&rft.atitle=The+reproductive+number+of+COVID-19+is+higher+compared+to+SARS+coronavirus&rft.volume=27&rft.issue=2&rft.date=2020-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A211099356%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F32052846&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fjtm%2Ftaaa021&rft.aulast=Liu&rft.aufirst=Ying&rft.au=Gayle%2C+Albert+A&rft.au=Wilder-Smith%2C+Annelies&rft.au=Rockl%C3%B6v%2C+Joacim&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASemantic+Scholar" class="Z3988"></span></p></blockquote> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Indexing">Indexing</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Semantic_Scholar&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Indexing" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <p>Semantic Scholar is free to use and unlike similar search engines (i.e. <a href="/wiki/Google_Scholar" title="Google Scholar">Google Scholar</a>) does not search for material that is behind a <a href="/wiki/Paywall" title="Paywall">paywall</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This source does make this claim, but as a throwaway line by a non-expert. Can we find a better source? The claim seems false. (March 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>One study compared the index scope of Semantic Scholar to Google Scholar, and found that for the papers cited by secondary studies in computer science, the two indices had comparable coverage, each only missing a handful of the papers.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Number_of_users_and_publications">Number of users and publications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Semantic_Scholar&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Number of users and publications" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <p>As of January 2018, following a 2017 project that added biomedical papers and topic summaries, the Semantic Scholar corpus included more than 40 million papers from <a href="/wiki/Computer_science" title="Computer science">computer science</a> and <a href="/wiki/Biomedicine" title="Biomedicine">biomedicine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In March 2018, Doug Raymond, who developed <a href="/wiki/Machine_learning" title="Machine learning">machine learning</a> initiatives for the <a href="/wiki/Amazon_Alexa" title="Amazon Alexa">Amazon Alexa</a> platform, was hired to lead the Semantic Scholar project.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of August 2019<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Semantic_Scholar&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, the number of included papers metadata (not the actual PDFs) had grown to more than 173 million<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> after the addition of the <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Academic_Graph" class="mw-redirect" title="Microsoft Academic Graph">Microsoft Academic Graph</a> records.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2020, a partnership between Semantic Scholar and the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago_Press" title="University of Chicago Press">University of Chicago Press Journals</a> made all articles published under the University of Chicago Press available in the Semantic Scholar corpus.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the end of 2020, Semantic Scholar had indexed 190 million papers.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2020, Semantic Scholar reached seven million users per month.<sup id="cite_ref-Grad_24Nov2020_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grad_24Nov2020-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Semantic_Scholar&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Citation_analysis" title="Citation analysis">Citation analysis</a> – Examination of the frequency, patterns, and graphs of citations in documents</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citation_index" title="Citation index">Citation index</a> – Index of citations between publications</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knowledge_extraction" title="Knowledge extraction">Knowledge extraction</a> – Creation of knowledge from structured and unstructured sources</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_academic_databases_and_search_engines" title="List of academic databases and search engines">List of academic databases and search engines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientometrics" title="Scientometrics">Scientometrics</a> – Quantitative study of scholarly literature</li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Semantic_Scholar&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJones2015" class="citation journal cs1">Jones, Nicola (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fnature.2015.18703">"Artificial-intelligence institute launches free science search engine"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Nature_(journal)" title="Nature (journal)">Nature</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fnature.2015.18703">10.1038/nature.2015.18703</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1476-4687">1476-4687</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:182440976">182440976</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature&rft.atitle=Artificial-intelligence+institute+launches+free+science+search+engine&rft.date=2015&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A182440976%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1476-4687&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fnature.2015.18703&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=Nicola&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1038%252Fnature.2015.18703&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASemantic+Scholar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Eunjung_Cha_3Nov2015-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Eunjung_Cha_3Nov2015_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEunjung_Cha2015" class="citation news cs1">Eunjung Cha, Ariana (3 November 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/to-your-health/wp/2015/11/02/paul-allens-ai-research-group-unveils-program-that-aims-to-shake-up-how-we-search-scientific-knowledge-give-it-a-try/">"Paul Allen's AI research group unveils program that aims to shake up how we search scientific knowledge. Give it a try"</a>. <i>The Washington Post</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191106162910/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/to-your-health/wp/2015/11/02/paul-allens-ai-research-group-unveils-program-that-aims-to-shake-up-how-we-search-scientific-knowledge-give-it-a-try/">Archived</a> from the original on 6 November 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Cham, Switzerland: Springer Nature. p. 254. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-030-45438-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-030-45438-8"><bdi>978-3-030-45438-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1164658107">1164658107</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Advances+in+Information+Retrieval%3A+42nd+European+Conference+on+IR+Research%2C+ECIR+2020%2C+Lisbon%2C+Portugal%2C+April+14%E2%80%9317%2C+2020%2C+Proceedings%2C+Part+I&rft.place=Cham%2C+Switzerland&rft.pages=254&rft.pub=Springer+Nature&rft.date=2020&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1164658107&rft.isbn=978-3-030-45438-8&rft.aulast=Jose&rft.aufirst=Joemon+M.&rft.au=Yilmaz%2C+Emine&rft.au=Magalh%C3%A3es%2C+Jo%C3%A3o&rft.au=Castells%2C+Pablo&rft.au=Ferro%2C+Nicola&rft.au=Silva%2C+M%C3%A1rio+J.&rft.au=Martins%2C+Fl%C3%A1vio&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASemantic+Scholar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAmmar2019" class="citation web cs1">Ammar, Waleed (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190329035308/http://labs.semanticscholar.org/corpus/">"Open Research Corpus"</a>. <i>Semantic Scholar Lab Open Research Corpus</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-08-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Semantic+Scholar+Lab+Open+Research+Corpus&rft.atitle=Open+Research+Corpus&rft.date=2019&rft.aulast=Ammar&rft.aufirst=Waleed&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flabs.semanticscholar.org%2Fcorpus%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASemantic+Scholar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:1_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHannousse2021" class="citation journal cs1">Hannousse, Abdelhakim (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1049/sfw2.12011">"Searching relevant papers for software engineering secondary studies: Semantic Scholar coverage and identification role"</a>. <i>IET Software</i>. <b>15</b> (1): 126–146. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1049%2Fsfw2.12011">10.1049/sfw2.12011</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1751-8814">1751-8814</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:234053002">234053002</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=IET+Software&rft.atitle=Searching+relevant+papers+for+software+engineering+secondary+studies%3A+Semantic+Scholar+coverage+and+identification+role&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=126-146&rft.date=2021&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A234053002%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1751-8814&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1049%2Fsfw2.12011&rft.aulast=Hannousse&rft.aufirst=Abdelhakim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fonlinelibrary.wiley.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1049%2Fsfw2.12011&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASemantic+Scholar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.geekwire.com/2017/ai2-semantic-scholar-biomedicine/">"AI2 scales up Semantic Scholar search engine to encompass biomedical research"</a>. <i>GeekWire</i>. 2017-10-17. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180119120110/https://www.geekwire.com/2017/ai2-semantic-scholar-biomedicine/">Archived</a> from the original on 2018-01-19<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-01-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GeekWire&rft.atitle=AI2+scales+up+Semantic+Scholar+search+engine+to+encompass+biomedical+research&rft.date=2017-10-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.geekwire.com%2F2017%2Fai2-semantic-scholar-biomedicine%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASemantic+Scholar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.geekwire.com/2018/tech-moves-allen-institute-hires-amazon-alexa-machine-learning-leader-microsoft-chairman-takes-new-investor-role/">"Tech Moves: Allen Instititue Hires Amazon Alexa Machine Learning Leader; Microsoft Chairman Takes on New Investor Role; and More"</a>. GeekWire. 2018-05-02. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180510120907/https://www.geekwire.com/2018/tech-moves-allen-institute-hires-amazon-alexa-machine-learning-leader-microsoft-chairman-takes-new-investor-role/">Archived</a> from the original on 2018-05-10<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-05-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tech+Moves%3A+Allen+Instititue+Hires+Amazon+Alexa+Machine+Learning+Leader%3B+Microsoft+Chairman+Takes+on+New+Investor+Role%3B+and+More&rft.pub=GeekWire&rft.date=2018-05-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.geekwire.com%2F2018%2Ftech-moves-allen-institute-hires-amazon-alexa-machine-learning-leader-microsoft-chairman-takes-new-investor-role%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASemantic+Scholar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.semanticscholar.org/">"Semantic Scholar"</a>. <i>Semantic Scholar</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190811212806/https://www.semanticscholar.org/">Archived</a> from the original on 11 August 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 August</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Semantic+Scholar&rft.atitle=Semantic+Scholar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.semanticscholar.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASemantic+Scholar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.geekwire.com/2018/ai2-joins-forces-microsoft-upgrade-search-tools-scientific-research/">"AI2 joins forces with Microsoft Research to upgrade search tools for scientific studies"</a>. <i>GeekWire</i>. 2018-12-05. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190825181331/https://www.geekwire.com/2018/ai2-joins-forces-microsoft-upgrade-search-tools-scientific-research/">Archived</a> from the original on 2019-08-25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-08-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GeekWire&rft.atitle=AI2+joins+forces+with+Microsoft+Research+to+upgrade+search+tools+for+scientific+studies&rft.date=2018-12-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.geekwire.com%2F2018%2Fai2-joins-forces-microsoft-upgrade-search-tools-scientific-research%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASemantic+Scholar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/journals/pr/201215">"The University of Chicago Press joins more than 500 publishers working with Semantic Scholar to improve search and discoverability"</a>. <i>RCNi Company Limited</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-11-22</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=RCNi+Company+Limited&rft.atitle=The+University+of+Chicago+Press+joins+more+than+500+publishers+working+with+Semantic+Scholar+to+improve+search+and+discoverability&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.journals.uchicago.edu%2Fjournals%2Fpr%2F201215&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASemantic+Scholar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDunn2020" class="citation news cs1">Dunn, Adriana (December 14, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://allenai.org/content/docs/Semantic_Scholar_2020_Publisher_Partners.pdf">"Semantic Scholar Adds 25 Million Scientific Papers in 2020 Through New Publisher Partnerships"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Semantic Scholar</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 22,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Semantic+Scholar&rft.atitle=Semantic+Scholar+Adds+25+Million+Scientific+Papers+in+2020+Through+New+Publisher+Partnerships&rft.date=2020-12-14&rft.aulast=Dunn&rft.aufirst=Adriana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fallenai.org%2Fcontent%2Fdocs%2FSemantic_Scholar_2020_Publisher_Partners.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASemantic+Scholar" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Semantic_Scholar&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button 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.side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="22" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 22px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="40" data-height="22" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/60px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/80px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a> has the properties: <ul><li><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg/4px-Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="4" height="4" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="460" data-file-height="460"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 4px;height: 4px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg/4px-Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="4" data-height="4" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg/6px-Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></span></span> <b><i><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property_talk:P6611" class="extiw" title="d:Property talk:P6611">Semantic Scholar topic ID (P6611)</a></i></b> (see <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://query.wikidata.org/embed.html#SELECT%20%3FWikidata_item_%20%3FWikidata_item_Label%20%3Fvalue%20%3FvalueLabel%20%3FEnglish_Wikipedia_article%20%23Show%20data%20in%20this%20order%0A%7B%0A%09%3FWikidata_item_%20wdt%3AP6611%20%3Fvalue%20.%20%23Collecting%20all%20items%20which%20have%20P6611%20data%2C%20from%20whole%20Wikidata%20item%20pages%0A%09OPTIONAL%20%7B%3FEnglish_Wikipedia_article%20schema%3Aabout%20%3FWikidata_item_%3B%20schema%3AisPartOf%20%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2F%3E%20.%7D%20%23If%20collected%20item%20has%20link%20to%20English%20Wikipedia%2C%20show%20that%0A%09SERVICE%20wikibase%3Alabel%20%7B%20bd%3AserviceParam%20wikibase%3Alanguage%20%22en%22%20%20%7D%20%23Show%20label%20in%20this%20language.%20%22en%22%20is%20English.%20%20%20%0A%7D%0ALIMIT%201000">uses</a></span>)</li><li><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg/4px-Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="4" height="4" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="460" data-file-height="460"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 4px;height: 4px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg/4px-Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="4" data-height="4" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg/6px-Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></span></span> <b><i><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property_talk:P4012" class="extiw" title="d:Property talk:P4012">Semantic Scholar author ID (P4012)</a></i></b> (see <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://query.wikidata.org/embed.html#SELECT%20%3FWikidata_item_%20%3FWikidata_item_Label%20%3Fvalue%20%3FvalueLabel%20%3FEnglish_Wikipedia_article%20%23Show%20data%20in%20this%20order%0A%7B%0A%09%3FWikidata_item_%20wdt%3AP4012%20%3Fvalue%20.%20%23Collecting%20all%20items%20which%20have%20P4012%20data%2C%20from%20whole%20Wikidata%20item%20pages%0A%09OPTIONAL%20%7B%3FEnglish_Wikipedia_article%20schema%3Aabout%20%3FWikidata_item_%3B%20schema%3AisPartOf%20%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2F%3E%20.%7D%20%23If%20collected%20item%20has%20link%20to%20English%20Wikipedia%2C%20show%20that%0A%09SERVICE%20wikibase%3Alabel%20%7B%20bd%3AserviceParam%20wikibase%3Alanguage%20%22en%22%20%20%7D%20%23Show%20label%20in%20this%20language.%20%22en%22%20is%20English.%20%20%20%0A%7D%0ALIMIT%201000">uses</a></span>)</li><li><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg/4px-Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="4" height="4" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="460" data-file-height="460"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 4px;height: 4px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg/4px-Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="4" data-height="4" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg/6px-Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></span></span> <b><i><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property_talk:P8299" class="extiw" title="d:Property talk:P8299">Semantic Scholar corpus ID (P8299)</a></i></b> (see <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://query.wikidata.org/embed.html#SELECT%20%3FWikidata_item_%20%3FWikidata_item_Label%20%3Fvalue%20%3FvalueLabel%20%3FEnglish_Wikipedia_article%20%23Show%20data%20in%20this%20order%0A%7B%0A%09%3FWikidata_item_%20wdt%3AP8299%20%3Fvalue%20.%20%23Collecting%20all%20items%20which%20have%20P8299%20data%2C%20from%20whole%20Wikidata%20item%20pages%0A%09OPTIONAL%20%7B%3FEnglish_Wikipedia_article%20schema%3Aabout%20%3FWikidata_item_%3B%20schema%3AisPartOf%20%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2F%3E%20.%7D%20%23If%20collected%20item%20has%20link%20to%20English%20Wikipedia%2C%20show%20that%0A%09SERVICE%20wikibase%3Alabel%20%7B%20bd%3AserviceParam%20wikibase%3Alanguage%20%22en%22%20%20%7D%20%23Show%20label%20in%20this%20language.%20%22en%22%20is%20English.%20%20%20%0A%7D%0ALIMIT%201000">uses</a></span>)</li><li><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg/4px-Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="4" height="4" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="460" data-file-height="460"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 4px;height: 4px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg/4px-Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="4" data-height="4" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg/6px-Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg/8px-Disc_Plain_blue_dark.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></span></span> <b><i><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property_talk:P4011" class="extiw" title="d:Property talk:P4011">Semantic Scholar paper ID (P4011)</a></i></b> (see <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://query.wikidata.org/embed.html#SELECT%20%3FWikidata_item_%20%3FWikidata_item_Label%20%3Fvalue%20%3FvalueLabel%20%3FEnglish_Wikipedia_article%20%23Show%20data%20in%20this%20order%0A%7B%0A%09%3FWikidata_item_%20wdt%3AP4011%20%3Fvalue%20.%20%23Collecting%20all%20items%20which%20have%20P4011%20data%2C%20from%20whole%20Wikidata%20item%20pages%0A%09OPTIONAL%20%7B%3FEnglish_Wikipedia_article%20schema%3Aabout%20%3FWikidata_item_%3B%20schema%3AisPartOf%20%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2F%3E%20.%7D%20%23If%20collected%20item%20has%20link%20to%20English%20Wikipedia%2C%20show%20that%0A%09SERVICE%20wikibase%3Alabel%20%7B%20bd%3AserviceParam%20wikibase%3Alanguage%20%22en%22%20%20%7D%20%23Show%20label%20in%20this%20language.%20%22en%22%20is%20English.%20%20%20%0A%7D%0ALIMIT%201000">uses</a></span>)</li></ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.semanticscholar.org">Official website</a></span></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22908627#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><noscript><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 10px;height: 10px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" data-alt="Edit this at Wikidata" data-width="10" data-height="10" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Semantic_Scholar&oldid=1249683193#S2CID">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Semantic_Scholar&oldid=1249683193#S2CID</a>"</div></div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"> <a class="last-modified-bar" href="/w/index.php?title=Semantic_Scholar&action=history"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-medium minerva-icon--modified-history"></span> <span class="last-modified-bar__text modified-enhancement" data-user-name="Khairul hazim" data-user-gender="male" data-timestamp="1728200986"> <span>Last edited on 6 October 2024, at 07:49</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div> </a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id='mw-data-after-content'> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Languages</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Semantic Scholar" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%83_%D8%B3%D9%83%D9%88%D9%84%D8%B1" title="سيمانتك سكولر – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سيمانتك سكولر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0" title="সিম্যান্টিক স্কলার – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সিম্যান্টিক স্কলার" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Semantic Scholar" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Semantic Scholar" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Semantic Scholar" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Semantic Scholar" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Semantic Scholar" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D8%A7%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1" title="سمانتیک اسکالر – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سمانتیک اسکالر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Semantic Scholar" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8B%9C%EB%A7%A8%ED%8B%B1_%EC%8A%A4%EC%B9%BC%EB%9D%BC" title="시맨틱 스칼라 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="시맨틱 스칼라" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%B0" title="सेमैन्टिक स्कॉलर – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सेमैन्टिक स्कॉलर" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Semantic Scholar" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%99%D7%A7_%D7%A1%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%A8" title="סמנטיק סקולר – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סמנטיק סקולר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Semantic Scholar" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Semantic Scholar" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Semantic Scholar" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Semantic Scholar" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Semantic Scholar" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Semantic Scholar" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Semantic Scholar" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Semantic Scholar" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Semantic Scholar" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Semantic Scholar" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Semantic Scholar" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="เซอมานทิกสกอลาร์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เซอมานทิกสกอลาร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Semantic Scholar" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Semantic Scholar" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Semantic Scholar" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AF%AD%E4%B9%89%E5%AD%A6%E8%80%85" title="语义学者 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="语义学者" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gpe mw-list-item"><a href="https://gpe.wikipedia.org/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" title="S2CID (identifier) – Ghanaian Pidgin" lang="gpe" hreflang="gpe" data-title="S2CID (identifier)" data-language-autonym="Ghanaian Pidgin" data-language-local-name="Ghanaian Pidgin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ghanaian Pidgin</span></a></li></ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"><img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"/> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 6 October 2024, at 07:49<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Content is available under <a class="external" 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