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href="https://www.academia.edu/30033216/Self_awareness_in_g_with_processing_efficiency_and_reasoning_">Self-awareness in g (with processing efficiency and reasoning)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/30033216" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d0f8022d6eabd638d0e7e784d1ba6668" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50486567,"asset_id":30033216,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen 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class="summarized">ABSTRACT Many people point to high profile failures like 9/11 and Iraq as indicators that CIA&amp;#39;s analytic performance is inadequate or flawed. Flawed by design.1 A legacy of ashes.2 A culture of failure.3 Or so goes the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_77585319" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">ABSTRACT Many people point to high profile failures like 9/11 and Iraq as indicators that CIA&amp;#39;s analytic performance is inadequate or flawed. Flawed by design.1 A legacy of ashes.2 A culture of failure.3 Or so goes the conventional wisdom. Fortunately this conventional wisdom is wrong. These so-called failures more accurately represent the perennial dilemmas and tradeoffs associated with the analytic function and, most importantly, the inappropriate expectation that these observers hold of CIA&amp;#39;s ability to prevent surprises. As a matter of fact, there is much that people do not fully understand about the CIA.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/77585319" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="652480" href="https://jmu.academia.edu/StephenMarrin">Stephen Marrin</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="652480" type="text/json">{"id":652480,"first_name":"Stephen","last_name":"Marrin","domain_name":"jmu","page_name":"StephenMarrin","display_name":"Stephen Marrin","profile_url":"https://jmu.academia.edu/StephenMarrin?f_ri=2674","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_77585319 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="77585319"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 77585319, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_77585319", }); 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Flawed by design.1 A legacy of ashes.2 A culture of failure.3 Or so goes the conventional wisdom. Fortunately this conventional wisdom is wrong. These so-called failures more accurately represent the perennial dilemmas and tradeoffs associated with the analytic function and, most importantly, the inappropriate expectation that these observers hold of CIA\u0026amp;#39;s ability to prevent surprises. As a matter of fact, there is much that people do not fully understand about the CIA.","downloadable_attachments":[],"ordered_authors":[{"id":652480,"first_name":"Stephen","last_name":"Marrin","domain_name":"jmu","page_name":"StephenMarrin","display_name":"Stephen Marrin","profile_url":"https://jmu.academia.edu/StephenMarrin?f_ri=2674","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2674,"name":"Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":61620,"name":"National Security","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/National_Security?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":1030929,"name":"Orbis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orbis?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div 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href="https://uib.academia.edu/HelleSchoeyen">Helle Schoeyen</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32824175" type="text/json">{"id":32824175,"first_name":"Helle","last_name":"Schoeyen","domain_name":"uib","page_name":"HelleSchoeyen","display_name":"Helle Schoeyen","profile_url":"https://uib.academia.edu/HelleSchoeyen?f_ri=2674","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-13677818">+2</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-13677818"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://ntnu-no.academia.edu/GunnarMorken">Gunnar Morken</a></span></div><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://uib.academia.edu/UteKessler">Ute Kessler</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { 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href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bipolar_Disorder">Bipolar Disorder</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3230" type="text/json">{"id":3230,"name":"Bipolar Disorder","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bipolar_Disorder?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4212" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognition">Cognition</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="4212" type="text/json">{"id":4212,"name":"Cognition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognition?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=13677818]'), work: {"id":13677818,"title":"Neurocognitive profiles in treatment-resistant bipolar I and bipolar II disorder depression","created_at":"2015-07-05T22:25:38.180-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/13677818/Neurocognitive_profiles_in_treatment_resistant_bipolar_I_and_bipolar_II_disorder_depression?f_ri=2674","dom_id":"work_13677818","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":45071861,"asset_id":13677818,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":32824175,"first_name":"Helle","last_name":"Schoeyen","domain_name":"uib","page_name":"HelleSchoeyen","display_name":"Helle Schoeyen","profile_url":"https://uib.academia.edu/HelleSchoeyen?f_ri=2674","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":32464036,"first_name":"Gunnar","last_name":"Morken","domain_name":"ntnu-no","page_name":"GunnarMorken","display_name":"Gunnar Morken","profile_url":"https://ntnu-no.academia.edu/GunnarMorken?f_ri=2674","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/32464036/16350152/16736575/s65_gunnar.morken.jpg"},{"id":33192343,"first_name":"Ute","last_name":"Kessler","domain_name":"uib","page_name":"UteKessler","display_name":"Ute Kessler","profile_url":"https://uib.academia.edu/UteKessler?f_ri=2674","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2674,"name":"Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":3217,"name":"Depression","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Depression?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":3230,"name":"Bipolar Disorder","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bipolar_Disorder?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":4212,"name":"Cognition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognition?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":7736,"name":"Attention","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Attention?f_ri=2674"},{"id":43774,"name":"Learning","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Learning?f_ri=2674"},{"id":49419,"name":"Problem Solving","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Problem_Solving?f_ri=2674"},{"id":64568,"name":"Humans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans?f_ri=2674"},{"id":98925,"name":"Female","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Female?f_ri=2674"},{"id":111545,"name":"Male","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Male?f_ri=2674"},{"id":244814,"name":"Clinical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Clinical_Sciences?f_ri=2674"},{"id":295155,"name":"Middle Aged","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Aged?f_ri=2674"},{"id":382075,"name":"Adult","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adult?f_ri=2674"},{"id":522464,"name":"Short Term Memory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Short_Term_Memory?f_ri=2674"},{"id":1627527,"name":"Cognition disorders","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognition_disorders?f_ri=2674"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_13275735" data-work_id="13275735" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/13275735/WEAK_SIGNALS_MANAGEMENT_ENTREPRENEURSHIP_AND_UNCERTAINTY_A_RELATIONAL_THEORETICAL_ESSAY_UNDER_THE_PERSPECTIVE_OF_INTELLIGENCE">WEAK SIGNALS MANAGEMENT, ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND UNCERTAINTY: A RELATIONAL THEORETICAL ESSAY UNDER THE PERSPECTIVE OF INTELLIGENCE</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The importance of monitoring information that serves to assist in decision-making and to anticipate changes has been increasingly recognized in the organizational context because of the growing complexity of the environment. However, the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_13275735" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The importance of monitoring information that serves to assist in decision-making and to anticipate changes has been increasingly recognized in the organizational context because of the growing complexity of the environment. However, the more the strategic importance of the information in organizations is acknowledged, the more difficult it becomes to perceive the difficulties associated with the search and productive use of information. The issues of this research were therefore set up to investigate two points: is there an association between the difficulties perceived by managers in the management of weak-signal anticipative information and the level of entrepreneurial orientation of organizations? And is there is an association between the perceived difficulties and the dimensions of uncertainty perceived by organizations? To achieve this, we propose to conduct this research from the perspective of Intelligence, given that this view covers the steps involved in the search, identification, classification, storage, dissemination and use of information. This structure will make it possible to associate the main difficulties in the management of weak signals, which were identified in previous studies, according to their nature with the classic steps of the Intelligence process. In turn, this will enable an analysis of the relationship between the most significant difficulties perceived by organizations with the degree of entrepreneurship they employ, as well as with the dimensions of uncertainty perceived.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/13275735" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e227047623fc07fb139b9c6b5ef76f26" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":38001638,"asset_id":13275735,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/38001638/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0MDk2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="29521193" href="https://independent.academia.edu/meryblanck">mery Blanck</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="29521193" type="text/json">{"id":29521193,"first_name":"mery","last_name":"Blanck","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"meryblanck","display_name":"mery Blanck","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/meryblanck?f_ri=2674","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_13275735 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="13275735"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 13275735, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_13275735", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=13275735]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_13275735").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_13275735").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="13275735"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="27" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurship">Entrepreneurship</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="27" type="text/json">{"id":27,"name":"Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurship?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="37" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_Systems">Information Systems</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="37" type="text/json">{"id":37,"name":"Information Systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_Systems?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2674" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence">Intelligence</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2674" type="text/json">{"id":2674,"name":"Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2878" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collective_Intelligence">Collective Intelligence</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2878" type="text/json">{"id":2878,"name":"Collective Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collective_Intelligence?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=13275735]'), work: {"id":13275735,"title":"WEAK SIGNALS MANAGEMENT, ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND UNCERTAINTY: A RELATIONAL THEORETICAL ESSAY UNDER THE PERSPECTIVE OF INTELLIGENCE","created_at":"2015-06-25T05:16:47.745-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/13275735/WEAK_SIGNALS_MANAGEMENT_ENTREPRENEURSHIP_AND_UNCERTAINTY_A_RELATIONAL_THEORETICAL_ESSAY_UNDER_THE_PERSPECTIVE_OF_INTELLIGENCE?f_ri=2674","dom_id":"work_13275735","summary":"The importance of monitoring information that serves to assist in decision-making and to anticipate changes has been increasingly recognized in the organizational context because of the growing complexity of the environment. However, the more the strategic importance of the information in organizations is acknowledged, the more difficult it becomes to perceive the difficulties associated with the search and productive use of information. The issues of this research were therefore set up to investigate two points: is there an association between the difficulties perceived by managers in the management of weak-signal anticipative information and the level of entrepreneurial orientation of organizations? And is there is an association between the perceived difficulties and the dimensions of uncertainty perceived by organizations? To achieve this, we propose to conduct this research from the perspective of Intelligence, given that this view covers the steps involved in the search, identification, classification, storage, dissemination and use of information. This structure will make it possible to associate the main difficulties in the management of weak signals, which were identified in previous studies, according to their nature with the classic steps of the Intelligence process. In turn, this will enable an analysis of the relationship between the most significant difficulties perceived by organizations with the degree of entrepreneurship they employ, as well as with the dimensions of uncertainty perceived. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":38001638,"asset_id":13275735,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":29521193,"first_name":"mery","last_name":"Blanck","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"meryblanck","display_name":"mery Blanck","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/meryblanck?f_ri=2674","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":27,"name":"Entrepreneurship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Entrepreneurship?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":37,"name":"Information Systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_Systems?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":2674,"name":"Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":2878,"name":"Collective Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collective_Intelligence?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":81794,"name":"Innovation Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Innovation_Management?f_ri=2674"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_38371767" data-work_id="38371767" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38371767/Detecting_Radicalisation_and_Mitigating_the_Insider_Threat_in_the_Workplace_Counterintelligence_Principles_and_Security_Dilemmas">Detecting Radicalisation and Mitigating the Insider Threat in the Workplace: Counterintelligence Principles and Security Dilemmas</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Security is (or should be) an immune system: it neutralises toxic and infectious organisms. Counterintelligence techniques comprise an important part of hardening that immunity. This contribution will build upon theorised patterns of lone... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_38371767" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Security is (or should be) an immune system: it neutralises toxic and infectious organisms. Counterintelligence techniques comprise an important part of hardening that immunity. This contribution will build upon theorised patterns of lone actor radicalisation to inform ways of detecting employees potentially becoming or having been radicalised through behavioural and psychological traits, and what practical use counterintelligence principles are in establishing that kind of situational awareness as well as preventing an insider from causing harm. There will also be attention to the ethical dilemmas and HR implications posed by monitoring employees for possible suspicious behaviour in this way.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38371767" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ceff0e0a5e9f311acb4ed4ee9ce25929" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":58484851,"asset_id":38371767,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58484851/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0MDk2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2360280" href="https://antwerp.academia.edu/KennethLasoen">Kenneth Lasoen</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2360280" type="text/json">{"id":2360280,"first_name":"Kenneth","last_name":"Lasoen","domain_name":"antwerp","page_name":"KennethLasoen","display_name":"Kenneth Lasoen","profile_url":"https://antwerp.academia.edu/KennethLasoen?f_ri=2674","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2360280/743936/6644638/s65_kenneth.lasoen.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_38371767 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="38371767"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 38371767, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_38371767", }); 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Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":4506,"name":"Weapons of Mass Destruction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Weapons_of_Mass_Destruction?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":98134,"name":"United States","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/United_States?f_ri=2674"},{"id":289017,"name":"Comparative method","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_method?f_ri=2674"},{"id":380315,"name":"Public Administration and Policy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Administration_and_Policy?f_ri=2674"},{"id":1197942,"name":"Social Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Science?f_ri=2674"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_39372866" data-work_id="39372866" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/39372866/Collection_Policy_and_Planning">Collection Policy and Planning</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This is an early draft. For the actual chapter, please see the book. This chapter addresses two aspects of collection: policy and planning. Collection policy is the long-term scheme to provide funding to research, design, acquire, and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_39372866" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This is an early draft. For the actual chapter, please see the book. This chapter addresses two aspects of collection: policy and planning.  Collection policy is the long-term scheme to provide funding to research, design, acquire, and sustain collection capabilities.  The essence of collection planning is resource management—aligning assets with appropriate tasks with an eye to both effectiveness and efficiency.  Building a collection plan involves much more than assigning platforms and sensors.  While those are certainly an important part of the puzzle, there are a plethora of other challenges to work through to create an effective collection enterprise.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/39372866" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f93ecfda14e5ef3463fc730fda53042c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":59515946,"asset_id":39372866,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59515946/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0MDk2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="23756205" href="https://usafa.academia.edu/MikeFowler">Mike Fowler</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="23756205" type="text/json">{"id":23756205,"first_name":"Mike","last_name":"Fowler","domain_name":"usafa","page_name":"MikeFowler","display_name":"Mike Fowler","profile_url":"https://usafa.academia.edu/MikeFowler?f_ri=2674","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/23756205/6607956/13505468/s65_mike.fowler.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_39372866 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="39372866"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 39372866, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_39372866", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39372866]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_39372866").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_39372866").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="39372866"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2674" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence">Intelligence</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2674" type="text/json">{"id":2674,"name":"Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17123" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Democracy">Democracy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17123" type="text/json">{"id":17123,"name":"Democracy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Democracy?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="46271" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Strategy">Strategy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="46271" type="text/json">{"id":46271,"name":"Strategy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Strategy?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1723635" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Policy">Public Policy</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1723635" type="text/json">{"id":1723635,"name":"Public Policy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Policy?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=39372866]'), work: {"id":39372866,"title":"Collection Policy and Planning","created_at":"2019-06-04T12:08:58.473-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/39372866/Collection_Policy_and_Planning?f_ri=2674","dom_id":"work_39372866","summary":"This is an early draft. For the actual chapter, please see the book. This chapter addresses two aspects of collection: policy and planning. Collection policy is the long-term scheme to provide funding to research, design, acquire, and sustain collection capabilities. The essence of collection planning is resource management—aligning assets with appropriate tasks with an eye to both effectiveness and efficiency. Building a collection plan involves much more than assigning platforms and sensors. While those are certainly an important part of the puzzle, there are a plethora of other challenges to work through to create an effective collection enterprise. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":59515946,"asset_id":39372866,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":23756205,"first_name":"Mike","last_name":"Fowler","domain_name":"usafa","page_name":"MikeFowler","display_name":"Mike Fowler","profile_url":"https://usafa.academia.edu/MikeFowler?f_ri=2674","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/23756205/6607956/13505468/s65_mike.fowler.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2674,"name":"Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":17123,"name":"Democracy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Democracy?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":46271,"name":"Strategy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Strategy?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":1723635,"name":"Public Policy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Policy?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_36186069" data-work_id="36186069" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36186069/Een_Belgische_vergelijking_van_inlichtingen_en_veiligheid_met_Nederland">Een Belgische vergelijking van inlichtingen en veiligheid met Nederland</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Nederland en België hebben een bijzonder hechte relatie. Zeker op het vlak van defensie en nationale veiligheid, al zijn er zowel gelijkenissen als verschillen zoals in andere domeinen. In deze presentatie worden ontwikkelingen op vlak... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_36186069" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Nederland en België hebben een bijzonder hechte relatie. Zeker op het vlak van defensie en nationale veiligheid, al zijn er zowel gelijkenissen als verschillen zoals in andere domeinen. In deze presentatie worden ontwikkelingen op vlak van inlichtingen en veiligheid in de twee landen door Belgische bril vergeleken. Een historisch perspectief overloopt de groeiende toenadering, na een moeilijk uit elkaar gaan, van twee kleine staten in een precaire positie tussen de oorlogvoerende Fransen en Duitsers (1870, 1914, 1940), maar ook geconfronteerd met andere gemeenschappelijke dreigingen zoals het internationale terrorisme (vanaf het einde van de 19 de eeuw), hoe dat invloed heeft gehad op de benadering van beide over veiligheid en inlichtingen, en uiteindelijk de hechte naoorlogse alliantie. Ook de verschillen en gelijkenissen inzake de hedendaagse veiligheidsuitdagingen en – maatregelen komen aan bod (relaties met de politiek, verband tussen de diensten onderling, het wettelijk kader, werkingsmiddelen, en de publiekswerking) om te zien of sterktes en zwaktes van veiligheidsdiensten typisch zijn aan de landen die ze beschermen of meer gemeenschappelijk zijn dan gedacht, en of daar ook 'veiligheidsculturele' verschillen aan verbonden zijn. Uit deze comparatieve benadering worden dan implicaties geëxtrapoleerd voor wat van elkaar geleerd kan worden en wat toekomstige internationale samenwerking betreft.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/36186069" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="657ebae5a23ecd56ea7b06f4bc3ec9dc" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":56086356,"asset_id":36186069,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56086356/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0MDk2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2360280" href="https://antwerp.academia.edu/KennethLasoen">Kenneth Lasoen</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2360280" type="text/json">{"id":2360280,"first_name":"Kenneth","last_name":"Lasoen","domain_name":"antwerp","page_name":"KennethLasoen","display_name":"Kenneth Lasoen","profile_url":"https://antwerp.academia.edu/KennethLasoen?f_ri=2674","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2360280/743936/6644638/s65_kenneth.lasoen.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_36186069 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="36186069"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36186069, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_36186069", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36186069]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_36186069").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_36186069").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="36186069"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2052" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence_Studies">Intelligence Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2052" type="text/json">{"id":2052,"name":"Intelligence Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence_Studies?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2674" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence">Intelligence</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2674" type="text/json">{"id":2674,"name":"Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3705" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Security">International Security</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3705" type="text/json">{"id":3705,"name":"International Security","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Security?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5523" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Security_Studies">Security Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="5523" type="text/json">{"id":5523,"name":"Security Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Security_Studies?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=36186069]'), work: {"id":36186069,"title":"Een Belgische vergelijking van inlichtingen en veiligheid met Nederland","created_at":"2018-03-17T09:37:26.434-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/36186069/Een_Belgische_vergelijking_van_inlichtingen_en_veiligheid_met_Nederland?f_ri=2674","dom_id":"work_36186069","summary":"Nederland en België hebben een bijzonder hechte relatie. Zeker op het vlak van defensie en nationale veiligheid, al zijn er zowel gelijkenissen als verschillen zoals in andere domeinen. In deze presentatie worden ontwikkelingen op vlak van inlichtingen en veiligheid in de twee landen door Belgische bril vergeleken. Een historisch perspectief overloopt de groeiende toenadering, na een moeilijk uit elkaar gaan, van twee kleine staten in een precaire positie tussen de oorlogvoerende Fransen en Duitsers (1870, 1914, 1940), maar ook geconfronteerd met andere gemeenschappelijke dreigingen zoals het internationale terrorisme (vanaf het einde van de 19 de eeuw), hoe dat invloed heeft gehad op de benadering van beide over veiligheid en inlichtingen, en uiteindelijk de hechte naoorlogse alliantie. Ook de verschillen en gelijkenissen inzake de hedendaagse veiligheidsuitdagingen en – maatregelen komen aan bod (relaties met de politiek, verband tussen de diensten onderling, het wettelijk kader, werkingsmiddelen, en de publiekswerking) om te zien of sterktes en zwaktes van veiligheidsdiensten typisch zijn aan de landen die ze beschermen of meer gemeenschappelijk zijn dan gedacht, en of daar ook 'veiligheidsculturele' verschillen aan verbonden zijn. Uit deze comparatieve benadering worden dan implicaties geëxtrapoleerd voor wat van elkaar geleerd kan worden en wat toekomstige internationale samenwerking betreft. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":56086356,"asset_id":36186069,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2360280,"first_name":"Kenneth","last_name":"Lasoen","domain_name":"antwerp","page_name":"KennethLasoen","display_name":"Kenneth Lasoen","profile_url":"https://antwerp.academia.edu/KennethLasoen?f_ri=2674","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2360280/743936/6644638/s65_kenneth.lasoen.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2052,"name":"Intelligence Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence_Studies?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":2674,"name":"Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":3705,"name":"International Security","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Security?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":5523,"name":"Security Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Security_Studies?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":346639,"name":"Intelligence and security studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence_and_security_studies?f_ri=2674"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_32185279" data-work_id="32185279" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/32185279/How_the_Cold_War_Began_with_British_Help_The_Gouzenko_Affair_Revisited_Labour_Le_Travail_Spring_Issue_2017_">How the Cold War Began ... with British Help: The Gouzenko Affair Revisited, Labour/Le Travail Spring Issue 2017)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The Gouzenko Affair is referred to as the event that started the Cold War. This article draws on recently declassified documents that shed new light on Britain’s role in this affair, particularly that of the Foreign Office and the British... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_32185279" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The Gouzenko Affair is referred to as the event that started the Cold War. This article draws on recently declassified documents that shed new light on Britain’s role in this affair, particularly that of the Foreign Office and the British High Commissioner to Canada. The documents reveal how the British had a major part in directing the response to Igor Gouzenko’s defection in 1945. This event revealed the need for increased counterespionage security, but it also became a spectacle that directed the public’s attention away from the British connection: specifically, the role of Alan Nunn May, a British nuclear scientist who had provided the Soviets with classified information. Instead, the public’s interest was centred on Soviet spies, communism as a subversive force, and the brewing Soviet-US conflict. These newly declassified sources demonstrate how it was the British intelligence services and the British government that went to great lengths to help focus the public’s attention in this direction. They took great pains to direct Canadian policy making, which included working to discourage Canada’s prime minister William Lyon Mackenzie King from handling the affair privately with the Soviet ambassador, and were likely behind the infamous press leak to US reporter Drew Pearson that forced King to call a Royal Commission and publicize the affair. With the help of the British government and intelligence services, the Cold War began.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/32185279" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="dd4122a86cd14997b3babd70d585096e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":53541348,"asset_id":32185279,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53541348/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0MDk2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="25131256" href="https://myutoronto.academia.edu/DennisMolinaro">Dennis Molinaro</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="25131256" type="text/json">{"id":25131256,"first_name":"Dennis","last_name":"Molinaro","domain_name":"myutoronto","page_name":"DennisMolinaro","display_name":"Dennis Molinaro","profile_url":"https://myutoronto.academia.edu/DennisMolinaro?f_ri=2674","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_32185279 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="32185279"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 32185279, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_32185279", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_32185279 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 32185279; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_32185279"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_32185279 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="32185279"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 32185279; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=32185279]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_32185279").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_32185279").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="32185279"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="129" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_History">American History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="129" type="text/json">{"id":129,"name":"American History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_History?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="381" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Canadian_Studies">Canadian Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="381" type="text/json">{"id":381,"name":"Canadian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Canadian_Studies?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2324" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/British_History">British History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2324" type="text/json">{"id":2324,"name":"British History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/British_History?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2412" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Canadian_History">Canadian History</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2412" type="text/json">{"id":2412,"name":"Canadian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Canadian_History?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=32185279]'), work: {"id":32185279,"title":"How the Cold War Began ... with British Help: The Gouzenko Affair Revisited, Labour/Le Travail Spring Issue 2017)","created_at":"2017-04-01T08:09:10.712-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/32185279/How_the_Cold_War_Began_with_British_Help_The_Gouzenko_Affair_Revisited_Labour_Le_Travail_Spring_Issue_2017_?f_ri=2674","dom_id":"work_32185279","summary":"The Gouzenko Affair is referred to as the event that started the Cold War. This article draws on recently declassified documents that shed new light on Britain’s role in this affair, particularly that of the Foreign Office and the British High Commissioner to Canada. The documents reveal how the British had a major part in directing the response to Igor Gouzenko’s defection in 1945. This event revealed the need for increased counterespionage security, but it also became a spectacle that directed the public’s attention away from the British connection: specifically, the role of Alan Nunn May, a British nuclear scientist who had provided the Soviets with classified information. Instead, the public’s interest was centred on Soviet spies, communism as a subversive force, and the brewing Soviet-US conflict. These newly declassified sources demonstrate how it was the British intelligence services and the British government that went to great lengths to help focus the public’s attention in this direction. They took great pains to direct Canadian policy making, which included working to discourage Canada’s prime minister William Lyon Mackenzie King from handling the affair privately with the Soviet ambassador, and were likely behind the infamous press leak to US reporter Drew Pearson that forced King to call a Royal Commission and publicize the affair. With the help of the British government and intelligence services, the Cold War began.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53541348,"asset_id":32185279,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false},{"id":53541496,"asset_id":32185279,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false},{"id":53541321,"asset_id":32185279,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":25131256,"first_name":"Dennis","last_name":"Molinaro","domain_name":"myutoronto","page_name":"DennisMolinaro","display_name":"Dennis Molinaro","profile_url":"https://myutoronto.academia.edu/DennisMolinaro?f_ri=2674","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":129,"name":"American History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/American_History?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":381,"name":"Canadian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Canadian_Studies?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":2324,"name":"British History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/British_History?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":2412,"name":"Canadian History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Canadian_History?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":2674,"name":"Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence?f_ri=2674"},{"id":5176,"name":"Labour history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Labour_history?f_ri=2674"},{"id":5214,"name":"Cold War","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cold_War?f_ri=2674"},{"id":35802,"name":"Cold War history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cold_War_history?f_ri=2674"},{"id":61620,"name":"National Security","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/National_Security?f_ri=2674"},{"id":72170,"name":"Intelligence History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence_History?f_ri=2674"},{"id":72937,"name":"Canadian Foreign Policy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Canadian_Foreign_Policy?f_ri=2674"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_457835" data-work_id="457835" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/457835/The_Polish_Intelligence_Services">The Polish Intelligence Services</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The concept of intelligence and security adopted in post-1989 Poland has been characterized by redundant content, wide scope and a catch-all approach to state security. Similarly, Poland’s intelligence community has been dispersed,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_457835" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The concept of intelligence and security adopted in post-1989 Poland has been characterized by redundant content, wide scope and a catch-all approach to state security. Similarly, Poland’s intelligence community has been dispersed, loosely coordinated, heavily burdened with political tasks and hardly efficient. At the outset, it was made up of four specialized services: The Internal Security Agency (ABW), the Foreign Intelligence Agency (AW), the Military Intelligence Service (SWW) and the Military Counterintelligence Service (SKW). However, as time went by, intelligence functions were granted to other institutions and<br />bodies in charge of internal and territorial security - like the police, border guards, financial intelligence units and anti-corruption offices. Furthermore, the absence of a clearinghouse meant that lots of information acquired from different sources was locked in separate institutions and left practically useless.<br />Explaining this state of affairs is not simple. In general, its causes and conditions can be found in two different bundles of variables, dealing with geostrategic determinants (cooperation with the US, membership in the NATO and the UE, Russian penetration) on the one hand, and several significant weaknesses<br />of the political system on the other, the latter manifesting themselves in politicisation, “party politics” and interpersonal animosities. While the burden of the Communist past was hard to throw off immediately and plans for building up a completely new intelligence community gave way to a cautious restructuring of<br />the security sector, the verification of secret services was selective and generally friendly for the “old guard”. These processes have resulted in overlapping competences,<br />institutional frictions and legislative incoherence.<br />In consideration of this overall context, the purpose of this study is threefold: First, to describe the evolution of the Polish intelligence community, starting from the assumption that since the fall of the Communist regime the secret services in Poland have suffered the chronic ailment of politicisation and instrumental treatment by subsequent governing coalitions. Second, to give a picture of the relevant organisations and structures which form the Polish intelligence community. Finally, to point out the relations to, and the activities of, the two most influential external powers on Polish security, Russia and the<br />United States.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/457835" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="01efc50b3c75fb382dc6a36d1f1bd456" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":59227315,"asset_id":457835,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59227315/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0MDk2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="29049" href="https://jagiellonian.academia.edu/ArturGruszczak">Artur Gruszczak</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="29049" type="text/json">{"id":29049,"first_name":"Artur","last_name":"Gruszczak","domain_name":"jagiellonian","page_name":"ArturGruszczak","display_name":"Artur Gruszczak","profile_url":"https://jagiellonian.academia.edu/ArturGruszczak?f_ri=2674","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/29049/9465/19636679/s65_artur.gruszczak.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_457835 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="457835"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 457835, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_457835", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_457835 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 457835; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_457835"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_457835 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="457835"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 457835; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=457835]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_457835").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_457835").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="457835"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="382" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eastern_European_Studies">Eastern European Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="382" type="text/json">{"id":382,"name":"Eastern European Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eastern_European_Studies?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2052" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence_Studies">Intelligence Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2052" type="text/json">{"id":2052,"name":"Intelligence Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence_Studies?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2674" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence">Intelligence</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2674" type="text/json">{"id":2674,"name":"Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6264" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/East_European_studies">East European studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="6264" type="text/json">{"id":6264,"name":"East European studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/East_European_studies?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=457835]'), work: {"id":457835,"title":"The Polish Intelligence Services","created_at":"2011-02-27T17:24:41.794-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/457835/The_Polish_Intelligence_Services?f_ri=2674","dom_id":"work_457835","summary":"The concept of intelligence and security adopted in post-1989 Poland has been characterized by redundant content, wide scope and a catch-all approach to state security. Similarly, Poland’s intelligence community has been dispersed, loosely coordinated, heavily burdened with political tasks and hardly efficient. At the outset, it was made up of four specialized services: The Internal Security Agency (ABW), the Foreign Intelligence Agency (AW), the Military Intelligence Service (SWW) and the Military Counterintelligence Service (SKW). However, as time went by, intelligence functions were granted to other institutions and\nbodies in charge of internal and territorial security - like the police, border guards, financial intelligence units and anti-corruption offices. Furthermore, the absence of a clearinghouse meant that lots of information acquired from different sources was locked in separate institutions and left practically useless.\nExplaining this state of affairs is not simple. In general, its causes and conditions can be found in two different bundles of variables, dealing with geostrategic determinants (cooperation with the US, membership in the NATO and the UE, Russian penetration) on the one hand, and several significant weaknesses\nof the political system on the other, the latter manifesting themselves in politicisation, “party politics” and interpersonal animosities. While the burden of the Communist past was hard to throw off immediately and plans for building up a completely new intelligence community gave way to a cautious restructuring of\nthe security sector, the verification of secret services was selective and generally friendly for the “old guard”. These processes have resulted in overlapping competences,\ninstitutional frictions and legislative incoherence.\nIn consideration of this overall context, the purpose of this study is threefold: First, to describe the evolution of the Polish intelligence community, starting from the assumption that since the fall of the Communist regime the secret services in Poland have suffered the chronic ailment of politicisation and instrumental treatment by subsequent governing coalitions. Second, to give a picture of the relevant organisations and structures which form the Polish intelligence community. Finally, to point out the relations to, and the activities of, the two most influential external powers on Polish security, Russia and the\nUnited States.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":59227315,"asset_id":457835,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":29049,"first_name":"Artur","last_name":"Gruszczak","domain_name":"jagiellonian","page_name":"ArturGruszczak","display_name":"Artur Gruszczak","profile_url":"https://jagiellonian.academia.edu/ArturGruszczak?f_ri=2674","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/29049/9465/19636679/s65_artur.gruszczak.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":382,"name":"Eastern European Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eastern_European_Studies?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":2052,"name":"Intelligence Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence_Studies?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":2674,"name":"Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":6264,"name":"East European studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/East_European_studies?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":12628,"name":"Intelligence and Espionage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence_and_Espionage?f_ri=2674"},{"id":27363,"name":"Poland","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Poland?f_ri=2674"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_9014404" data-work_id="9014404" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9014404/Automated_Neuropsychological_Assessment_Metrics_Anam_and_Woodcock_Johnson_III_Tests_of_Cognitive_Ability_A_Concurrent_Validity_Study">Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics (Anam) and Woodcock-Johnson III Tests of Cognitive Ability: A Concurrent Validity Study</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This study examines the relationship between a computerized neuropsychological assessment battery, the Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics (ANAM) and a widely used ability measure, Woodcock-Johnson III Tests of Cognitive... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_9014404" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This study examines the relationship between a computerized neuropsychological assessment battery, the Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics (ANAM) and a widely used ability measure, Woodcock-Johnson III Tests of Cognitive Ability (WJ-III). Results indicated substantial relationship between the ANAM throughput (accuracy/response time) scores and the WJ-III Cognitive Efficiency cluster. An unexpectedly strong relationship was evident between accuracy scores on the ANAM Logical Reasoning scale and the WJ-III General Intellectual Ability score, purporting to measure the g factor. The findings support the viability of the ANAM as a time- and cost-effective tool for appraisal of cognitive function.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/9014404" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3363fc71c5f2fe10dbe5fc7943595c13" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47914900,"asset_id":9014404,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47914900/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0MDk2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="20271185" href="https://unlv.academia.edu/SKathleenKrach">S. Kathleen Krach</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="20271185" type="text/json">{"id":20271185,"first_name":"S. Kathleen","last_name":"Krach","domain_name":"unlv","page_name":"SKathleenKrach","display_name":"S. Kathleen Krach","profile_url":"https://unlv.academia.edu/SKathleenKrach?f_ri=2674","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/20271185/11082254/25534590/s65_s._kathleen.krach.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_9014404 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="9014404"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 9014404, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_9014404", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_9014404 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9014404; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_9014404"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_9014404 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="9014404"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9014404; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=9014404]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_9014404").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_9014404").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="9014404"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">38</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="221" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology">Psychology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="221" type="text/json">{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="237" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science">Cognitive Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="237" type="text/json">{"id":237,"name":"Cognitive Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="572" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Military_Medicine">Military Medicine</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="572" type="text/json">{"id":572,"name":"Military Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Military_Medicine?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2674" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence">Intelligence</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2674" type="text/json">{"id":2674,"name":"Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=9014404]'), work: {"id":9014404,"title":"Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics (Anam) and Woodcock-Johnson III Tests of Cognitive Ability: A Concurrent Validity Study","created_at":"2014-10-29T05:54:17.245-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/9014404/Automated_Neuropsychological_Assessment_Metrics_Anam_and_Woodcock_Johnson_III_Tests_of_Cognitive_Ability_A_Concurrent_Validity_Study?f_ri=2674","dom_id":"work_9014404","summary":"This study examines the relationship between a computerized neuropsychological assessment battery, the Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics (ANAM) and a widely used ability measure, Woodcock-Johnson III Tests of Cognitive Ability (WJ-III). Results indicated substantial relationship between the ANAM throughput (accuracy/response time) scores and the WJ-III Cognitive Efficiency cluster. An unexpectedly strong relationship was evident between accuracy scores on the ANAM Logical Reasoning scale and the WJ-III General Intellectual Ability score, purporting to measure the g factor. The findings support the viability of the ANAM as a time- and cost-effective tool for appraisal of cognitive function.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47914900,"asset_id":9014404,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":20271185,"first_name":"S. Kathleen","last_name":"Krach","domain_name":"unlv","page_name":"SKathleenKrach","display_name":"S. Kathleen Krach","profile_url":"https://unlv.academia.edu/SKathleenKrach?f_ri=2674","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/20271185/11082254/25534590/s65_s._kathleen.krach.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":237,"name":"Cognitive Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":572,"name":"Military Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Military_Medicine?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":2674,"name":"Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":4212,"name":"Cognition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognition?f_ri=2674"},{"id":22506,"name":"Adolescent","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adolescent?f_ri=2674"},{"id":50238,"name":"Affect","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Affect?f_ri=2674"},{"id":64568,"name":"Humans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans?f_ri=2674"},{"id":97252,"name":"Comprehension","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comprehension?f_ri=2674"},{"id":97764,"name":"Neuropsychological Assessment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neuropsychological_Assessment?f_ri=2674"},{"id":98134,"name":"United States","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/United_States?f_ri=2674"},{"id":98925,"name":"Female","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Female?f_ri=2674"},{"id":111545,"name":"Male","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Male?f_ri=2674"},{"id":116108,"name":"New Zealand","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Zealand?f_ri=2674"},{"id":119665,"name":"Reaction Time","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reaction_Time?f_ri=2674"},{"id":131237,"name":"Cluster Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cluster_Analysis?f_ri=2674"},{"id":133057,"name":"Young Adult","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Young_Adult?f_ri=2674"},{"id":165565,"name":"Cost effectiveness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cost_effectiveness?f_ri=2674"},{"id":186234,"name":"Medical Physiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Physiology?f_ri=2674"},{"id":295155,"name":"Middle Aged","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Aged?f_ri=2674"},{"id":357466,"name":"Validation Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Validation_Studies?f_ri=2674"},{"id":382075,"name":"Adult","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adult?f_ri=2674"},{"id":410370,"name":"Public health systems and services research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_health_systems_and_services_research-1?f_ri=2674"},{"id":413192,"name":"Sex Factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sex_Factors?f_ri=2674"},{"id":428130,"name":"Cognitive Ability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Ability?f_ri=2674"},{"id":441653,"name":"Cognitive Function","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Function?f_ri=2674"},{"id":546419,"name":"Age Factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Age_Factors?f_ri=2674"},{"id":549280,"name":"Reproducibility of Results","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reproducibility_of_Results?f_ri=2674"},{"id":637445,"name":"Aviation and Space History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aviation_and_Space_History?f_ri=2674"},{"id":644084,"name":"Intelligence tests","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence_tests?f_ri=2674"},{"id":1000427,"name":"Reference Values","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reference_Values?f_ri=2674"},{"id":1239755,"name":"Neurosciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neurosciences?f_ri=2674"},{"id":1268687,"name":"Military Personnel","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Military_Personnel?f_ri=2674"},{"id":1294607,"name":"Logistic Models","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Logistic_Models?f_ri=2674"},{"id":1627527,"name":"Cognition disorders","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognition_disorders?f_ri=2674"},{"id":2226477,"name":"Automatic data processing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Automatic_data_processing?f_ri=2674"},{"id":2450733,"name":"Brain injuries","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Brain_injuries?f_ri=2674"},{"id":2467548,"name":"Neuropsychological Tests","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neuropsychological_Tests?f_ri=2674"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_14338624" data-work_id="14338624" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/14338624/Predicting_school_achievement_from_general_cognitive_ability_self_perceived_ability_and_intrinsic_value">Predicting school achievement from general cognitive ability, self-perceived ability, and intrinsic value</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The present study examined the extent to which motivation contributes to the prediction of school achievement among elementary school children beyond general mental ability (g). The sample consisted of N=1678 nine-year-old UK elementary... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_14338624" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The present study examined the extent to which motivation contributes to the prediction of school achievement among elementary school children beyond general mental ability (g). The sample consisted of N=1678 nine-year-old UK elementary school children who took part in the Twins Early Development Study (TEDS). Teachers provided achievement assessments according to the UK National Curriculum criteria for Mathematics, English, and</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/14338624" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8130c5d94b86cdf374aaf74bc625732e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":44309326,"asset_id":14338624,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44309326/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0MDk2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33288861" href="https://uni-saarland.academia.edu/FrankSpinath">Frank Spinath</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33288861" type="text/json">{"id":33288861,"first_name":"Frank","last_name":"Spinath","domain_name":"uni-saarland","page_name":"FrankSpinath","display_name":"Frank Spinath","profile_url":"https://uni-saarland.academia.edu/FrankSpinath?f_ri=2674","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_14338624 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="14338624"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 14338624, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_14338624", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14338624]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_14338624").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_14338624").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="14338624"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="221" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology">Psychology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="221" type="text/json">{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="237" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science">Cognitive Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="237" type="text/json">{"id":237,"name":"Cognitive Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2674" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence">Intelligence</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2674" type="text/json">{"id":2674,"name":"Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="112879" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Elementary_School">Elementary School</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="112879" type="text/json">{"id":112879,"name":"Elementary School","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Elementary_School?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=14338624]'), work: {"id":14338624,"title":"Predicting school achievement from general cognitive ability, self-perceived ability, and intrinsic value","created_at":"2015-07-23T12:03:19.208-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/14338624/Predicting_school_achievement_from_general_cognitive_ability_self_perceived_ability_and_intrinsic_value?f_ri=2674","dom_id":"work_14338624","summary":"The present study examined the extent to which motivation contributes to the prediction of school achievement among elementary school children beyond general mental ability (g). The sample consisted of N=1678 nine-year-old UK elementary school children who took part in the Twins Early Development Study (TEDS). Teachers provided achievement assessments according to the UK National Curriculum criteria for Mathematics, English, and","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":44309326,"asset_id":14338624,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":33288861,"first_name":"Frank","last_name":"Spinath","domain_name":"uni-saarland","page_name":"FrankSpinath","display_name":"Frank Spinath","profile_url":"https://uni-saarland.academia.edu/FrankSpinath?f_ri=2674","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":237,"name":"Cognitive Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":2674,"name":"Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":112879,"name":"Elementary School","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Elementary_School?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":150229,"name":"Early development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_development?f_ri=2674"},{"id":428130,"name":"Cognitive Ability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Ability?f_ri=2674"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_30033240" data-work_id="30033240" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30033240/The_Development_of_Mental_Processing">The Development of Mental Processing</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/30033240" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="422de0cafb462629801517c9a2a65f6d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50486571,"asset_id":30033240,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50486571/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0MDk2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="19248893" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DemetriouAndreas">Andreas Demetriou</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="19248893" type="text/json">{"id":19248893,"first_name":"Andreas","last_name":"Demetriou","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DemetriouAndreas","display_name":"Andreas Demetriou","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DemetriouAndreas?f_ri=2674","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_30033240 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="30033240"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 30033240, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_30033240", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=30033240]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_30033240").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_30033240").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="30033240"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="237" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science">Cognitive Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="237" type="text/json">{"id":237,"name":"Cognitive Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2674" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence">Intelligence</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2674" type="text/json">{"id":2674,"name":"Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2971" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_development">Cognitive development</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2971" type="text/json">{"id":2971,"name":"Cognitive development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_development?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8538" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Working_Memory">Working Memory</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="8538" type="text/json">{"id":8538,"name":"Working Memory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Working_Memory?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=30033240]'), work: {"id":30033240,"title":"The Development of Mental Processing","created_at":"2016-11-22T13:22:56.274-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/30033240/The_Development_of_Mental_Processing?f_ri=2674","dom_id":"work_30033240","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50486571,"asset_id":30033240,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":19248893,"first_name":"Andreas","last_name":"Demetriou","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DemetriouAndreas","display_name":"Andreas Demetriou","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DemetriouAndreas?f_ri=2674","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":237,"name":"Cognitive Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":2674,"name":"Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":2971,"name":"Cognitive development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_development?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":8538,"name":"Working Memory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Working_Memory?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":9486,"name":"Representations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Representations?f_ri=2674"},{"id":29538,"name":"Brain development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Brain_development?f_ri=2674"},{"id":145223,"name":"Developmental Stages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Developmental_Stages?f_ri=2674"},{"id":217561,"name":"Self awareness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Self_awareness?f_ri=2674"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_21542487" data-work_id="21542487" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/21542487/Intelligence_and_Counter_Intelligence_in_the_Middle_East_and_Espionage_Activities">Intelligence and Counter Intelligence in the Middle East, and Espionage Activities</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">KESER, Ulvi, Mustafa Durmuş Sönmez “Stratejik Güvenlik Bağlamında Ortadoğu’da Dinleme ve Espiyonaj Faaliyetleri”, Casus Belli; Kıbrıs, Yayına Hazırlayan Ulvi Keser ve Serdal Akgün, Kıbrıs- Akdeniz Stratejik Araştırmalar Merkezi Yay.,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_21542487" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">KESER, Ulvi, Mustafa Durmuş Sönmez “Stratejik Güvenlik Bağlamında Ortadoğu’da Dinleme ve Espiyonaj Faaliyetleri”, Casus Belli; Kıbrıs, Yayına Hazırlayan Ulvi Keser ve Serdal Akgün, Kıbrıs- Akdeniz Stratejik Araştırmalar Merkezi Yay., Lefkoşa, 2015, s. 134-148</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/21542487" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9654e97ca7164f8b713febd59f394e07" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":42030867,"asset_id":21542487,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42030867/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0MDk2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2604061" href="https://final-tr.academia.edu/ULV%C4%B0keser">ULVİ keser</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2604061" type="text/json">{"id":2604061,"first_name":"ULVİ","last_name":"keser","domain_name":"final-tr","page_name":"ULVİkeser","display_name":"ULVİ keser","profile_url":"https://final-tr.academia.edu/ULV%C4%B0keser?f_ri=2674","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2604061/972635/124379698/s65_ulvi_.keser.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_21542487 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="21542487"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 21542487, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_21542487", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_21542487 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 21542487; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_21542487"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_21542487 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="21542487"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 21542487; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=21542487]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_21542487").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_21542487").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="21542487"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2015" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_East_Studies">Middle East Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2015" type="text/json">{"id":2015,"name":"Middle East Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_East_Studies?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2674" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence">Intelligence</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2674" type="text/json">{"id":2674,"name":"Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6952" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mediterranean_Studies">Mediterranean Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6952" type="text/json">{"id":6952,"name":"Mediterranean Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mediterranean_Studies?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12628" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence_and_Espionage">Intelligence and Espionage</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="12628" type="text/json">{"id":12628,"name":"Intelligence and Espionage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence_and_Espionage?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=21542487]'), work: {"id":21542487,"title":"Intelligence and Counter Intelligence in the Middle East, and Espionage Activities","created_at":"2016-02-04T02:14:08.924-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/21542487/Intelligence_and_Counter_Intelligence_in_the_Middle_East_and_Espionage_Activities?f_ri=2674","dom_id":"work_21542487","summary":"KESER, Ulvi, Mustafa Durmuş Sönmez “Stratejik Güvenlik Bağlamında Ortadoğu’da Dinleme ve Espiyonaj Faaliyetleri”, Casus Belli; Kıbrıs, Yayına Hazırlayan Ulvi Keser ve Serdal Akgün, Kıbrıs- Akdeniz Stratejik Araştırmalar Merkezi Yay., Lefkoşa, 2015, s. 134-148","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":42030867,"asset_id":21542487,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2604061,"first_name":"ULVİ","last_name":"keser","domain_name":"final-tr","page_name":"ULVİkeser","display_name":"ULVİ keser","profile_url":"https://final-tr.academia.edu/ULV%C4%B0keser?f_ri=2674","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2604061/972635/124379698/s65_ulvi_.keser.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2015,"name":"Middle East Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_East_Studies?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":2674,"name":"Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":6952,"name":"Mediterranean Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mediterranean_Studies?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":12628,"name":"Intelligence and Espionage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence_and_Espionage?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_42982005" data-work_id="42982005" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/42982005/Russia_the_intelligence_state">Russia, the intelligence state</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">From "Intelligence Communities and Cultures in Asia and the Middle East: A Comprehensive Reference" Bob de Graaff, editor... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_42982005" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">From "Intelligence Communities and Cultures in Asia and the Middle East: A Comprehensive Reference" <br />Bob de Graaff, editor <br /><a href="https://www.rienner.com/title/Intelligence_Communities_and_Cultures_in_Asia_and_the_Middle_East_A_Comprehensive_Reference" rel="nofollow">https://www.rienner.com/title/Intelligence_Communities_and_Cultures_in_Asia_and_the_Middle_East_A_Comprehensive_Reference</a></div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/42982005" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f6135a43485951ba93eed29c56f00edc" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":63241986,"asset_id":42982005,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63241986/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0MDk2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="10200797" href="https://univ-lille.academia.edu/AndreiKozovoi">Andrei Kozovoi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="10200797" type="text/json">{"id":10200797,"first_name":"Andrei","last_name":"Kozovoi","domain_name":"univ-lille","page_name":"AndreiKozovoi","display_name":"Andrei Kozovoi","profile_url":"https://univ-lille.academia.edu/AndreiKozovoi?f_ri=2674","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10200797/3131388/88339913/s65_andrei.kozovoi.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_42982005 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="42982005"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 42982005, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_42982005", }); 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Estudos de Intelligence, Lisboa, Centro de Administração e Políticas Públicas do Instituto Superior de Ciências Sociais e Políticas da Universidade Técnica de Lisboa)</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/11866203" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="be9733880aa93f3dc036543f87f08576" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":37257116,"asset_id":11866203,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37257116/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0MDk2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="741545" href="https://lisboa.academia.edu/PedroBorgesGraca">Pedro Borges Graca</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="741545" type="text/json">{"id":741545,"first_name":"Pedro","last_name":"Borges Graca","domain_name":"lisboa","page_name":"PedroBorgesGraca","display_name":"Pedro Borges Graca","profile_url":"https://lisboa.academia.edu/PedroBorgesGraca?f_ri=2674","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/741545/4958358/5695498/s65_pedro.borges_graca.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_11866203 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="11866203"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11866203, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_11866203", }); 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data-download="{"attachment_id":41964377,"asset_id":20371251,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/41964377/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0MDk2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5187364" href="https://uni-hamburg.academia.edu/ArthurCropley">Arthur Cropley</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5187364" type="text/json">{"id":5187364,"first_name":"Arthur","last_name":"Cropley","domain_name":"uni-hamburg","page_name":"ArthurCropley","display_name":"Arthur Cropley","profile_url":"https://uni-hamburg.academia.edu/ArthurCropley?f_ri=2674","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5187364/5039199/5782497/s65_arthur.cropley.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_20371251 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="20371251"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 20371251, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_20371251", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_20371251 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x 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type="text/json">{"id":2674,"name":"Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="50581" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Self_Efficacy">Self Efficacy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="50581" type="text/json">{"id":50581,"name":"Self Efficacy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Self_Efficacy?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="65140" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Models">Models</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="65140" type="text/json">{"id":65140,"name":"Models","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Models?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=20371251]'), work: {"id":20371251,"title":"Giftedness and school: New issues and 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href="https://www.academia.edu/36141446/Augmenting_Science_with_Psychedelics">Augmenting Science with Psychedelics</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Before psychedelics, some higher-level scientific concepts were mainly restricted by arm-chair musing, but the multistate paradigm encourages us to reconsider them — even to design experiments on them.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/36141446" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="55afde50d65d7562e4f03c1c6cd4d70d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":56034151,"asset_id":36141446,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56034151/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0MDk2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="136620" href="https://niu.academia.edu/ThomasRoberts">Thomas Roberts</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="136620" 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}); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_36141446").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="36141446"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">14</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="196" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Future_Studies">Future Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="196" type="text/json">{"id":196,"name":"Future Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Future_Studies?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="221" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology">Psychology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="221" type="text/json">{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="806" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_of_Mind">Philosophy of Mind</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="806" type="text/json">{"id":806,"name":"Philosophy of Mind","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_of_Mind?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="821" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_of_Science">Philosophy of Science</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="821" type="text/json">{"id":821,"name":"Philosophy of Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_of_Science?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=36141446]'), work: {"id":36141446,"title":"Augmenting Science with Psychedelics","created_at":"2018-03-12T09:03:42.463-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/36141446/Augmenting_Science_with_Psychedelics?f_ri=2674","dom_id":"work_36141446","summary":"Before psychedelics, some higher-level scientific concepts were mainly restricted by arm-chair musing, but the multistate paradigm encourages us to reconsider them — even to design experiments on them.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":56034151,"asset_id":36141446,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":136620,"first_name":"Thomas","last_name":"Roberts","domain_name":"niu","page_name":"ThomasRoberts","display_name":"Thomas Roberts","profile_url":"https://niu.academia.edu/ThomasRoberts?f_ri=2674","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/136620/36248/16063357/s65_thomas.roberts.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":196,"name":"Future Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Future_Studies?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":806,"name":"Philosophy of Mind","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_of_Mind?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":821,"name":"Philosophy of Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy_of_Science?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":1237,"name":"Social Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Sciences?f_ri=2674"},{"id":2674,"name":"Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence?f_ri=2674"},{"id":5182,"name":"Psychedelics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychedelics?f_ri=2674"},{"id":31067,"name":"Consilience","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Consilience?f_ri=2674"},{"id":34960,"name":"Emergence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Emergence?f_ri=2674"},{"id":39121,"name":"Scientific method \u0026 Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scientific_method_and_Education?f_ri=2674"},{"id":131074,"name":"Paradigm Shifts","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Paradigm_Shifts?f_ri=2674"},{"id":157017,"name":"Psilocybin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psilocybin?f_ri=2674"},{"id":180247,"name":"Mystical experience","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mystical_experience?f_ri=2674"},{"id":446707,"name":"Human Connectome Project @UCLA research fellow","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Human_Connectome_Project_at_UCLA_research_fellow?f_ri=2674"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_43868466" data-work_id="43868466" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43868466/UFOs_and_Intelligence_A_Timeline_By_George_M_Eberhart">UFOs and Intelligence: A Timeline. By George M. Eberhart</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">October 10, 2023 update. After an effort of many years, I have prepared a comprehensive timeline of UFO history that will be useful to UFO researchers and historians. “UFOs and Intelligence” is an up-to-date retrospective of UFO history... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_43868466" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">October 10, 2023 update. <br />After an effort of many years, I have prepared a comprehensive timeline of UFO history that will be useful to UFO researchers and historians. “UFOs and Intelligence” is an up-to-date retrospective of UFO history (from Agobard of Lyons to the newly appointed US investigation agency UAPTF), intertwined with events in US and world history concerning military and civilian intelligence agencies and the cult of secrecy. It is now 679 pages and more than 555,000 words (including a substantial “Sources and Further Reading” appendix). Readers will discover or rediscover many events, people, and UFO cases they may not be familiar with. Some will find it useful for current or planned research projects. Military cases, those involving commercial aircraft, close encounters involving physical traces and other evidence, reports involving occupants or entities, and events surrounding military and sensitive nuclear sites are emphasized, but this timeline covers the full spectrum of UFO history, from contactee experiences to misidentifications of mundane phenomena and notorious hoaxes. Links to online sources are given, and links to biographical information are provided when available. A timeline like this allows us to view events from a different perspective, letting us make connections we might not otherwise see. It forces us to view the big picture, amid the grand flow of UFO cases, military security decisions, a vast swathe of personalities, and world history.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/43868466" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f3fe442640c5740579981c49d21b0a2e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":106464095,"asset_id":43868466,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/106464095/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0MDk2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="18684779" href="https://independent.academia.edu/VICENTEJUANBALLESTEROLMOS">VICENTE-JUAN BALLESTER OLMOS</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="18684779" type="text/json">{"id":18684779,"first_name":"VICENTE-JUAN","last_name":"BALLESTER OLMOS","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"VICENTEJUANBALLESTEROLMOS","display_name":"VICENTE-JUAN BALLESTER OLMOS","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/VICENTEJUANBALLESTEROLMOS?f_ri=2674","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/18684779/5196352/18304289/s65_vicente-juan.ballester_olmos.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_43868466 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="43868466"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 43868466, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_43868466", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=43868466]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_43868466").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_43868466").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="43868466"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="188" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Studies">Cultural Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="188" type="text/json">{"id":188,"name":"Cultural Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Studies?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="570" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Military_Intelligence">Military Intelligence</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="570" type="text/json">{"id":570,"name":"Military Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Military_Intelligence?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="787" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folklore">Folklore</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="787" type="text/json">{"id":787,"name":"Folklore","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folklore?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2674" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence">Intelligence</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2674" type="text/json">{"id":2674,"name":"Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=43868466]'), work: {"id":43868466,"title":"UFOs and Intelligence: A Timeline. By George M. Eberhart","created_at":"2020-08-16T00:51:43.019-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/43868466/UFOs_and_Intelligence_A_Timeline_By_George_M_Eberhart?f_ri=2674","dom_id":"work_43868466","summary":"October 10, 2023 update. \r\nAfter an effort of many years, I have prepared a comprehensive timeline of UFO history that will be useful to UFO researchers and historians. “UFOs and Intelligence” is an up-to-date retrospective of UFO history (from Agobard of Lyons to the newly appointed US investigation agency UAPTF), intertwined with events in US and world history concerning military and civilian intelligence agencies and the cult of secrecy. It is now 679 pages and more than 555,000 words (including a substantial “Sources and Further Reading” appendix). Readers will discover or rediscover many events, people, and UFO cases they may not be familiar with. Some will find it useful for current or planned research projects. Military cases, those involving commercial aircraft, close encounters involving physical traces and other evidence, reports involving occupants or entities, and events surrounding military and sensitive nuclear sites are emphasized, but this timeline covers the full spectrum of UFO history, from contactee experiences to misidentifications of mundane phenomena and notorious hoaxes. Links to online sources are given, and links to biographical information are provided when available. A timeline like this allows us to view events from a different perspective, letting us make connections we might not otherwise see. It forces us to view the big picture, amid the grand flow of UFO cases, military security decisions, a vast swathe of personalities, and world history. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":106464095,"asset_id":43868466,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false},{"id":86889729,"asset_id":43868466,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":18684779,"first_name":"VICENTE-JUAN","last_name":"BALLESTER OLMOS","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"VICENTEJUANBALLESTEROLMOS","display_name":"VICENTE-JUAN BALLESTER OLMOS","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/VICENTEJUANBALLESTEROLMOS?f_ri=2674","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/18684779/5196352/18304289/s65_vicente-juan.ballester_olmos.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":188,"name":"Cultural Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Studies?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":570,"name":"Military Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Military_Intelligence?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":787,"name":"Folklore","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folklore?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":2674,"name":"Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":3403,"name":"Bibliography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bibliography?f_ri=2674"},{"id":37604,"name":"UFOlogy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/UFOlogy?f_ri=2674"},{"id":76853,"name":"Paranormal Beliefs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Paranormal_Beliefs?f_ri=2674"},{"id":111324,"name":"UFOs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/UFOs?f_ri=2674"},{"id":138103,"name":"Aliens","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aliens?f_ri=2674"},{"id":165301,"name":"Urban Legends","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Urban_Legends?f_ri=2674"},{"id":167988,"name":"UFO","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/UFO?f_ri=2674"},{"id":242463,"name":"LAW,UFOLOGY","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/LAW_UFOLOGY?f_ri=2674"},{"id":383965,"name":"UFO phenomena","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/UFO_phenomena?f_ri=2674"},{"id":578802,"name":"Visual culture of extraterrestrials and ufology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Visual_culture_of_extraterrestrials_and_ufology?f_ri=2674"},{"id":590983,"name":"OVNI","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/OVNI?f_ri=2674"},{"id":844093,"name":"Ovnis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ovnis?f_ri=2674"},{"id":976026,"name":"UFOther","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/UFOther?f_ri=2674"},{"id":1130740,"name":"Ufologia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ufologia?f_ri=2674"},{"id":1317936,"name":"Ufologie/Société/Histoire","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ufologie_Societe_Histoire?f_ri=2674"},{"id":1317937,"name":"Ufologie/Politique/Histoire/Religions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ufologie_Politique_Histoire_Religions?f_ri=2674"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_33023912" data-work_id="33023912" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/33023912/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%9E%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%90%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%9F%D1%83%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%AF%D0%BA_%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%82%D1%8C_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%96_%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%94%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D1%96_%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80_%D1%96_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC_%D0%86%D0%BB%D0%BB%D1%8F_%D0%91%D1%94%D0%B9_%D0%9A_%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0_2017_232_%D1%81_%D1%96%D0%BB">Кундра Ондржей. Агенти Путіна. Як російські агенти крадуть наші таємниці. Пер. і прим. - Ілля Бєй. — К.: Чеська бібліотека, 2017. — 232 с., іл.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">В 1996 р. Чеська Республіка вступила до НАТО, а ще через шість років – до Євросоюзу. Ці два головні чинники привели до формування у чехів враження, ніби вони живуть в цілком безпечному просторі, що їхню свободу та демократію вже не... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_33023912" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">В 1996 р. Чеська Республіка вступила до НАТО, а ще через шість років – до Євросоюзу. Ці два головні чинники привели до формування у чехів враження, ніби вони живуть в цілком безпечному просторі, що їхню свободу та демократію вже не спіткають значні виклики. Проте Росія не відкликала своїх агентів, навпаки, за останні роки російський вплив лише збільшився. Російські спецслужби створюють чеськомовні ЗМІ, що стають рупорами пропутінської пропаганди, підкупляють чи шантажують чеських політиків, і все це – через імперські амбіції. І все це для того, щоб підірвати ще нетверду чеську демократію, яка продовжує формуватися, внести безлад, загальмувати інтеграцію Чехії до оборонних та політичних структур Заходу – аби ця центральноєвропейська країна якомога довше залишалася в цупких обіймах скутої санкціями недоімперії.<br />Відомий чеський журналіст Одржей Кундра в кількох нарисах розповідає про діяльність російських спецслужб в Чехії та Європі взагалі.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/33023912" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a6405e9b550168f0ad14088ce282d709" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":53134733,"asset_id":33023912,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53134733/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0MDk2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="414683" href="https://savba.academia.edu/IllyaBey">Illya Bey</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="414683" type="text/json">{"id":414683,"first_name":"Illya","last_name":"Bey","domain_name":"savba","page_name":"IllyaBey","display_name":"Illya Bey","profile_url":"https://savba.academia.edu/IllyaBey?f_ri=2674","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/414683/100522/14284680/s65_illya.bey.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_33023912 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="33023912"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 33023912, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_33023912", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33023912]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_33023912").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_33023912").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="33023912"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="389" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Russian_Studies">Russian Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="389" type="text/json">{"id":389,"name":"Russian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Russian_Studies?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="570" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Military_Intelligence">Military Intelligence</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="570" type="text/json">{"id":570,"name":"Military Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Military_Intelligence?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1730" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Czech_History">Czech History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1730" type="text/json">{"id":1730,"name":"Czech History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Czech_History?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2052" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence_Studies">Intelligence Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2052" type="text/json">{"id":2052,"name":"Intelligence Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence_Studies?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=33023912]'), work: {"id":33023912,"title":"Кундра Ондржей. Агенти Путіна. Як російські агенти крадуть наші таємниці. Пер. і прим. - Ілля Бєй. — К.: Чеська бібліотека, 2017. — 232 с., іл.","created_at":"2017-05-15T07:31:24.827-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/33023912/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%9E%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%90%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%9F%D1%83%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%AF%D0%BA_%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%82%D1%8C_%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%88%D1%96_%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%94%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D1%96_%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80_%D1%96_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC_%D0%86%D0%BB%D0%BB%D1%8F_%D0%91%D1%94%D0%B9_%D0%9A_%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0_2017_232_%D1%81_%D1%96%D0%BB?f_ri=2674","dom_id":"work_33023912","summary":"В 1996 р. Чеська Республіка вступила до НАТО, а ще через шість років – до Євросоюзу. Ці два головні чинники привели до формування у чехів враження, ніби вони живуть в цілком безпечному просторі, що їхню свободу та демократію вже не спіткають значні виклики. Проте Росія не відкликала своїх агентів, навпаки, за останні роки російський вплив лише збільшився. Російські спецслужби створюють чеськомовні ЗМІ, що стають рупорами пропутінської пропаганди, підкупляють чи шантажують чеських політиків, і все це – через імперські амбіції. І все це для того, щоб підірвати ще нетверду чеську демократію, яка продовжує формуватися, внести безлад, загальмувати інтеграцію Чехії до оборонних та політичних структур Заходу – аби ця центральноєвропейська країна якомога довше залишалася в цупких обіймах скутої санкціями недоімперії.\nВідомий чеський журналіст Одржей Кундра в кількох нарисах розповідає про діяльність російських спецслужб в Чехії та Європі взагалі.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53134733,"asset_id":33023912,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":414683,"first_name":"Illya","last_name":"Bey","domain_name":"savba","page_name":"IllyaBey","display_name":"Illya Bey","profile_url":"https://savba.academia.edu/IllyaBey?f_ri=2674","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/414683/100522/14284680/s65_illya.bey.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":389,"name":"Russian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Russian_Studies?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":570,"name":"Military 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Stato della Repubblica democratica tedesca</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The goal of this work is to describe the relations and contacts between the most representative italian left wing terror group and the East Germany intelligence service at the time of the kidnapping of Aldo Moro, one of the most... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_23205164" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The goal of this work is to describe the relations and contacts between the most representative italian left wing terror group and the East Germany intelligence service at the time of the kidnapping of Aldo Moro, one of the most investigated crimes in the italian 70's.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div 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class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_36374105" data-work_id="36374105" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36374105/The_new_Requirement_for_a_Fifth_Dimension_of_war_Cyber_Intelligence_ICCWS2014_9th_International_Conference_on_Cyber_Warfare_and_Security_ICCWS_2014_9_2014">The new Requirement for a Fifth Dimension of war: Cyber Intelligence ICCWS2014-9th International Conference on Cyber Warfare & Security: ICCWS 2014, 9, 2014.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The new Requirement for a Fifth Dimension of war: Cyber Intelligence Gokhan Bayraktar ICCWS2014-9th International Conference on Cyber Warfare & Security: ICCWS 2014, 9, 2014 The structure and operational domain of intelligence... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_36374105" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The new Requirement for a Fifth Dimension of war: Cyber Intelligence <br />Gokhan Bayraktar <br />ICCWS2014-9th International Conference on Cyber Warfare & Security: ICCWS 2014, 9, 2014 <br />The structure and operational domain of intelligence concept has been evolving continuously in parallel to the change in threat perceptions since it became a discipline more than half a century back. The difficulties encountered in defining the Intelligence concept and its operational domain is a significant barrier to the construct of intelligence theory despite the steady transformation. It is observed that effective utilization of outer space and intelligence surveillance reconnaissance (ISR) functions, such as electronic‐war capabilities and remote detection, are as important as command control systems and warfare weapons in present day military expeditions, with respect to comparing military operational excellence and power. Moreover, it is also noticed that nations make use of invisible attacks and cyber space as a defense system during pre‐war, crisis and low intensity collisions period without employing conventional arms in addition to countries efforts to obtain new capabilities. All these developments brought a new approach to the war area. Indeed, specific intelligence started to dominate the field in comparison to conventional intelligence due to the quick progress in cyber space. Cyber‐attacks, which can be classified as an asymmetric warfare, are not only used as a support tool to conventional wars but also considered as an independent war type on its own so that it brings a new dimension to the military operations. It is predicted that attacks in cyber space will be more dangerous than conventional assaults because the usage of information technology spreads out quickly as well. Cyber‐attacks that usually target the information systems of the governments’ critical departments, are a great threat, especially for the nations that are heavily dependent on the cyber space domain. The importance of cyber‐attacks rise daily because the challenge to detect the source of the attack might be initiated through a wide spectrum of profiles ranging from simple individuals to complex organizations. Moreover, these attacks make a great impact despite their low cost. Furthermore, they are initiated through invisible methods where conventional weapons are not even utilized. Hence, the concept of cyber intelligence looms large against this threat. This paper strives to explain that cyber‐attacks can be classified as a new type of warfare, because it threatens national securities and happens in cyber space, a domain that does not have any defined borders in international relations. In addition to the above, this study defines cyber intelligence concept and its operational domain as well as puts forth the methodology for consideration in order to gain the advantage in cyber‐attacks and to make analysis on the threat.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/36374105" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5c02af5e7918f6763cb467502325b8e7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":59227609,"asset_id":36374105,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59227609/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0MDk2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="77652044" href="https://ankara.academia.edu/GokhanBayraktar">Gökhan Bayraktar</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="77652044" type="text/json">{"id":77652044,"first_name":"Gökhan","last_name":"Bayraktar","domain_name":"ankara","page_name":"GokhanBayraktar","display_name":"Gökhan Bayraktar","profile_url":"https://ankara.academia.edu/GokhanBayraktar?f_ri=2674","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_36374105 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="36374105"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36374105, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_36374105", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36374105]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_36374105").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_36374105").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="36374105"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2674" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence">Intelligence</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2674" type="text/json">{"id":2674,"name":"Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="115676" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cyber_Security">Cyber Security</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="115676" type="text/json">{"id":115676,"name":"Cyber Security","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cyber_Security?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="272158" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cyber_Threats">Cyber Threats</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="272158" type="text/json">{"id":272158,"name":"Cyber Threats","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cyber_Threats?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="511848" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cyber_Space">Cyber Space</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="511848" type="text/json">{"id":511848,"name":"Cyber Space","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cyber_Space?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=36374105]'), work: {"id":36374105,"title":"The new Requirement for a Fifth Dimension of war: Cyber Intelligence ICCWS2014-9th International Conference on Cyber Warfare \u0026 Security: ICCWS 2014, 9, 2014.","created_at":"2018-04-10T03:10:58.397-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/36374105/The_new_Requirement_for_a_Fifth_Dimension_of_war_Cyber_Intelligence_ICCWS2014_9th_International_Conference_on_Cyber_Warfare_and_Security_ICCWS_2014_9_2014?f_ri=2674","dom_id":"work_36374105","summary":"\r\nThe new Requirement for a Fifth Dimension of war: Cyber Intelligence\r\nGokhan Bayraktar\r\nICCWS2014-9th International Conference on Cyber Warfare \u0026 Security: ICCWS 2014, 9, 2014\r\nThe structure and operational domain of intelligence concept has been evolving continuously in parallel to the change in threat perceptions since it became a discipline more than half a century back. The difficulties encountered in defining the Intelligence concept and its operational domain is a significant barrier to the construct of intelligence theory despite the steady transformation. It is observed that effective utilization of outer space and intelligence surveillance reconnaissance (ISR) functions, such as electronic‐war capabilities and remote detection, are as important as command control systems and warfare weapons in present day military expeditions, with respect to comparing military operational excellence and power. Moreover, it is also noticed that nations make use of invisible attacks and cyber space as a defense system during pre‐war, crisis and low intensity collisions period without employing conventional arms in addition to countries efforts to obtain new capabilities. All these developments brought a new approach to the war area. Indeed, specific intelligence started to dominate the field in comparison to conventional intelligence due to the quick progress in cyber space. Cyber‐attacks, which can be classified as an asymmetric warfare, are not only used as a support tool to conventional wars but also considered as an independent war type on its own so that it brings a new dimension to the military operations. It is predicted that attacks in cyber space will be more dangerous than conventional assaults because the usage of information technology spreads out quickly as well. Cyber‐attacks that usually target the information systems of the governments’ critical departments, are a great threat, especially for the nations that are heavily dependent on the cyber space domain. The importance of cyber‐attacks rise daily because the challenge to detect the source of the attack might be initiated through a wide spectrum of profiles ranging from simple individuals to complex organizations. Moreover, these attacks make a great impact despite their low cost. Furthermore, they are initiated through invisible methods where conventional weapons are not even utilized. Hence, the concept of cyber intelligence looms large against this threat. This paper strives to explain that cyber‐attacks can be classified as a new type of warfare, because it threatens national securities and happens in cyber space, a domain that does not have any defined borders in international relations. In addition to the above, this study defines cyber intelligence concept and its operational domain as well as puts forth the methodology for consideration in order to gain the advantage in cyber‐attacks and to make analysis on the threat.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":59227609,"asset_id":36374105,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":77652044,"first_name":"Gökhan","last_name":"Bayraktar","domain_name":"ankara","page_name":"GokhanBayraktar","display_name":"Gökhan Bayraktar","profile_url":"https://ankara.academia.edu/GokhanBayraktar?f_ri=2674","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2674,"name":"Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":115676,"name":"Cyber Security","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cyber_Security?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":272158,"name":"Cyber Threats","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cyber_Threats?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":511848,"name":"Cyber Space","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cyber_Space?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":526068,"name":"Cyber War","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cyber_War?f_ri=2674"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_30873189" data-work_id="30873189" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30873189/%C3%96RT%C3%9CL%C3%9C_OPERASYONLAR_%C3%87ER%C3%87EVES%C4%B0NDE_15_TEMMUZ_2016_DARBE_G%C4%B0R%C4%B0%C5%9E%C4%B0M%C4%B0">ÖRTÜLÜ OPERASYONLAR ÇERÇEVESİNDE 15 TEMMUZ 2016 DARBE GİRİŞİMİ</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">AKP hükümetini devirmek amaçlı, 15 Temmuz 2016 Askeri Darbe kalkışması ve kaos yaratma eyleminin, yapan askerlerin çoğunluğunun Fethullah Gülen cemaati üyesi olması nedeniyle yurt dışı istihbarat örgütleri tarafından desteklenen bir... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_30873189" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">AKP hükümetini devirmek amaçlı, 15 Temmuz 2016 Askeri Darbe kalkışması ve kaos yaratma eyleminin, yapan askerlerin çoğunluğunun Fethullah Gülen cemaati üyesi olması nedeniyle yurt dışı istihbarat örgütleri tarafından desteklenen bir örtülü operasyon olup olmadığı bu makalenin ana konusudur. Makalede Gülen cemaati, bir siyasi örtülü operasyonlar kapsamında yaratılmış, ülke yönetimini ele geçirerek, Türk devletinin yeniden inşa edilmesi ve dış politika uygulamalarında, Yurt dışı devletlerin çıkarlarına uygun olarak hareket etmesini sağlayacak siyasi bir araç olarak görülmektedir. Bu görüşten yola çıkarak 17-25 Aralık 2015  ve 15 Temmuz 2016 Askeri Darbe Kalkışması da bu örtülü faaliyetlerin devamı olarak sayılmaktadır.<br />Makale de öncelikle örtülü operasyon kavramı açıklandıktan sonra, Fethullah Gülen cemaatine değinilecektir. Cemaatin lideri, örgütlenme yapısı, uygulama geçirmek istediği amaçlar ve bu amaçlarla paralellik taşıyan Yurt dışı devletlerin ulusal politikaları arasındaki benzerliklere değinilecektir. Yurt dışı devletler olarak öncelikle ABD, İsrail sonrasında İngiltere ve Almanya temel alınmaktadır. Ancak ABD’den ikamet izni alarak, cemaatini buradan yöneten lideri Gülen nedeniyle ABD ve İsrail daha önemli ülkelerdir.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/30873189" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e69db8639f234a731f4190390f9de78e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":51299692,"asset_id":30873189,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/51299692/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0MDk2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="40964200" href="https://arel.academia.edu/A%C5%9Fk%C4%B1nS%C3%B6kmen">Aşkın Sökmen</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="40964200" type="text/json">{"id":40964200,"first_name":"Aşkın","last_name":"Sökmen","domain_name":"arel","page_name":"AşkınSökmen","display_name":"Aşkın Sökmen","profile_url":"https://arel.academia.edu/A%C5%9Fk%C4%B1nS%C3%B6kmen?f_ri=2674","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/40964200/11133370/96017813/s65_a_k_n.s_kmen.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_30873189 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="30873189"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 30873189, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_30873189", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_30873189 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 30873189; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_30873189"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_30873189 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="30873189"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 30873189; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=30873189]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_30873189").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_30873189").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="30873189"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2674" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence">Intelligence</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2674" type="text/json">{"id":2674,"name":"Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="19087" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Military_and_Politics">Military and Politics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="19087" type="text/json">{"id":19087,"name":"Military and Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Military_and_Politics?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="22685" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil-military_relations">Civil-military relations</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="22685" type="text/json">{"id":22685,"name":"Civil-military relations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil-military_relations?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=30873189]'), work: {"id":30873189,"title":"ÖRTÜLÜ OPERASYONLAR ÇERÇEVESİNDE 15 TEMMUZ 2016 DARBE GİRİŞİMİ","created_at":"2017-01-11T04:13:50.575-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/30873189/%C3%96RT%C3%9CL%C3%9C_OPERASYONLAR_%C3%87ER%C3%87EVES%C4%B0NDE_15_TEMMUZ_2016_DARBE_G%C4%B0R%C4%B0%C5%9E%C4%B0M%C4%B0?f_ri=2674","dom_id":"work_30873189","summary":"AKP hükümetini devirmek amaçlı, 15 Temmuz 2016 Askeri Darbe kalkışması ve kaos yaratma eyleminin, yapan askerlerin çoğunluğunun Fethullah Gülen cemaati üyesi olması nedeniyle yurt dışı istihbarat örgütleri tarafından desteklenen bir örtülü operasyon olup olmadığı bu makalenin ana konusudur. Makalede Gülen cemaati, bir siyasi örtülü operasyonlar kapsamında yaratılmış, ülke yönetimini ele geçirerek, Türk devletinin yeniden inşa edilmesi ve dış politika uygulamalarında, Yurt dışı devletlerin çıkarlarına uygun olarak hareket etmesini sağlayacak siyasi bir araç olarak görülmektedir. Bu görüşten yola çıkarak 17-25 Aralık 2015 ve 15 Temmuz 2016 Askeri Darbe Kalkışması da bu örtülü faaliyetlerin devamı olarak sayılmaktadır.\nMakale de öncelikle örtülü operasyon kavramı açıklandıktan sonra, Fethullah Gülen cemaatine değinilecektir. Cemaatin lideri, örgütlenme yapısı, uygulama geçirmek istediği amaçlar ve bu amaçlarla paralellik taşıyan Yurt dışı devletlerin ulusal politikaları arasındaki benzerliklere değinilecektir. Yurt dışı devletler olarak öncelikle ABD, İsrail sonrasında İngiltere ve Almanya temel alınmaktadır. Ancak ABD’den ikamet izni alarak, cemaatini buradan yöneten lideri Gülen nedeniyle ABD ve İsrail daha önemli ülkelerdir.\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":51299692,"asset_id":30873189,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":40964200,"first_name":"Aşkın","last_name":"Sökmen","domain_name":"arel","page_name":"AşkınSökmen","display_name":"Aşkın Sökmen","profile_url":"https://arel.academia.edu/A%C5%9Fk%C4%B1nS%C3%B6kmen?f_ri=2674","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/40964200/11133370/96017813/s65_a_k_n.s_kmen.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2674,"name":"Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":19087,"name":"Military and Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Military_and_Politics?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":22685,"name":"Civil-military relations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil-military_relations?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34277569" data-work_id="34277569" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34277569/THE_CIA_AND_THE_CULT_OF_INTELLIGENCE_by_Victor_Marchetti_1980">THE CIA AND THE CULT OF INTELLIGENCE, by Victor Marchetti, 1980</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This book, the first in American history to be subjected to prior government censorship began making news even before it was written. From the time it was no more than an outline to the present, the Central Intelligence Agency has been... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34277569" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This book, the first in American history to be subjected to prior<br />government censorship began making news even before it was written. From the time it was no more than an outline to the present, the Central Intelligence Agency has been trying to prevent its publication. To a degree, the agency has succeeded. Legal proceedings and injunctions delayed publication for close to a year. One hundred and sixty-eight passages actually censored by the agency continue to be unavailable and are thus missing from the text as published here (although nearly 200 more, first cut and then yielded up by the CIA following insistent demands by lawyers for the authors and the publishers will be found<br />printed in boldface type). Ironically, however, in a broader sense the agency has failed. In recent months, The CIA and the Cult of Intelligence has become more than a book, it has become a public issue of great symbolic importance —as a test of free speech and as a valuable and effective challenge to a peculiarly odious concept: the idea that any government body—even the CIA—should be permitted to exist beyond the reach of the Constitution and public control.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34277569" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="28424ccde20bba9c354956577e34c478" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54184370,"asset_id":34277569,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54184370/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0MDk2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="26189388" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GarabetMoumdjian">Garabet K Moumdjian, Ph.D.</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="26189388" type="text/json">{"id":26189388,"first_name":"Garabet","last_name":"Moumdjian, Ph.D.","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GarabetMoumdjian","display_name":"Garabet K Moumdjian, Ph.D.","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GarabetMoumdjian?f_ri=2674","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/26189388/7205849/68487814/s65_garabet.moumdjian_ph.d..png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34277569 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34277569"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34277569, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34277569", }); 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href="https://www.academia.edu/47940872/The_Architecture_and_Dynamics_of_Developing_Mind_Experiential_Structuralism_as_a_Frame_for_Unifying_Cognitive_Developmental_Theories">The Architecture and Dynamics of Developing Mind: Experiential Structuralism as a Frame for Unifying Cognitive Developmental Theories</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/47940872" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e666ff6669a3cfba2beb1f9ab4db4138" rel="nofollow" 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Activity</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The impact of the Global War on Terrorism (GWOT), with its emphasis on preemptive military force, is a matter of considerable debate. This timely book employs a time series intervention approach to evaluate the extent to which the onset... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_9847995" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The impact of the Global War on Terrorism (GWOT), with its emphasis on preemptive military force, is a matter of considerable debate. This timely book employs a time series intervention approach to evaluate the extent to which the onset of the GWOT (beginning with the invasion of Afghanistan) and related events (the invasion of Iraq, the capture of Saddam Hussein, and the release of photos from Abu Ghraib) are associated with changes in transnational terrorist activity. <br /> <br />Utilizing an extremely sophisticated statistical analysis of longitudinal data exploring the relationship between the U.S. "Global War on Terror" (GWOT) and the frequency and lethality of acts of transnational terrorism, this study has produced some counterintuitive findings which are now compatible with official thinking. <br /> <br />Highly readable with a rich quantitative analysis of the largest ever terrorism database constructed for the period 1992-2004, the results of the study are fascinating and have important implications for current U.S. foreign policy in the Global War on Terrorism. The author has painstakingly examined, with precise numbers, the impact of the use of preemptive force in the War on Terrorism in a way that has never been done before. <br /> <br />This is the first publication showcasing compelling data on the impact of the current war on terrorism on the level, lethality and frequency of transnational terrorist activity around the globe. With extremely current data, When Terrorism and Counterterrorism Clash is a critical reference to all in the fields of international relations and political science.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/9847995" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7c9f52dedfc2466523e19b6583befbb2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":36013627,"asset_id":9847995,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36013627/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0MDk2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="23860160" href="https://ubalt.academia.edu/IvanSaschaSheehan">Ivan Sascha Sheehan</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="23860160" type="text/json">{"id":23860160,"first_name":"Ivan Sascha","last_name":"Sheehan","domain_name":"ubalt","page_name":"IvanSaschaSheehan","display_name":"Ivan Sascha Sheehan","profile_url":"https://ubalt.academia.edu/IvanSaschaSheehan?f_ri=2674","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/23860160/6440804/7285293/s65_ivan_sascha.sheehan.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_9847995 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="9847995"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 9847995, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_9847995", }); 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This timely book employs a time series intervention approach to evaluate the extent to which the onset of the GWOT (beginning with the invasion of Afghanistan) and related events (the invasion of Iraq, the capture of Saddam Hussein, and the release of photos from Abu Ghraib) are associated with changes in transnational terrorist activity.\r\n\r\nUtilizing an extremely sophisticated statistical analysis of longitudinal data exploring the relationship between the U.S. \"Global War on Terror\" (GWOT) and the frequency and lethality of acts of transnational terrorism, this study has produced some counterintuitive findings which are now compatible with official thinking.\r\n\r\nHighly readable with a rich quantitative analysis of the largest ever terrorism database constructed for the period 1992-2004, the results of the study are fascinating and have important implications for current U.S. foreign policy in the Global War on Terrorism. The author has painstakingly examined, with precise numbers, the impact of the use of preemptive force in the War on Terrorism in a way that has never been done before.\r\n\r\nThis is the first publication showcasing compelling data on the impact of the current war on terrorism on the level, lethality and frequency of transnational terrorist activity around the globe. With extremely current data, When Terrorism and Counterterrorism Clash is a critical reference to all in the fields of international relations and political science.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":36013627,"asset_id":9847995,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false},{"id":36014787,"asset_id":9847995,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":23860160,"first_name":"Ivan Sascha","last_name":"Sheehan","domain_name":"ubalt","page_name":"IvanSaschaSheehan","display_name":"Ivan Sascha Sheehan","profile_url":"https://ubalt.academia.edu/IvanSaschaSheehan?f_ri=2674","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/23860160/6440804/7285293/s65_ivan_sascha.sheehan.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":797,"name":"International Relations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Relations?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":1660,"name":"Terrorism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Terrorism?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":2674,"name":"Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":3705,"name":"International Security","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Security?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":4486,"name":"Political Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Science?f_ri=2674"},{"id":5686,"name":"Political Violence and Terrorism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Violence_and_Terrorism?f_ri=2674"},{"id":26669,"name":"Counter terrorism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Counter_terrorism?f_ri=2674"},{"id":29841,"name":"Public Policy Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Policy_Analysis?f_ri=2674"},{"id":29881,"name":"9/11 Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/9_11_Literature?f_ri=2674"},{"id":36487,"name":"U.S. Foreign Policy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/U.S._Foreign_Policy?f_ri=2674"},{"id":90706,"name":"Terrorism Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Terrorism_Studies?f_ri=2674"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_80482650" data-work_id="80482650" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/80482650/Command_Decision_Ethical_Leadership_in_the_Information_Environment">Command Decision: Ethical Leadership in the Information Environment</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This monograph considers how a classical challenge that commanders face in war—namely, making critical decisions on the basis of limited and often unreliable information—has been exacerbated in the era of big data. Data overload... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_80482650" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This monograph considers how a classical challenge that commanders face in war—namely, making critical decisions on the basis of limited and often unreliable information—has been exacerbated in the era of big data. Data overload complicates the intelligence community’s efforts to identify and exclude disinformation, misinformation, and deception, and thus hampers its ability to deliver reliable intelligence to inform decision-makers in a timely manner. The military commander remains responsible for making a final decision, yet the great wealth of data now available through the intelligence cycle amplifies the risk of decision paralysis. With this in mind, technological solutions tend to be considered the most appropriate response for managing data overload and disinformation. While these remain relevant, they alone may be insufficient to equip the military commander with the necessary insight to guide decisions through the uncertainty of the big data environment. Rather, the militar...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/80482650" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d9d01527dda8342edff53a6315d2e050" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":86849075,"asset_id":80482650,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/86849075/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0MDk2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="257331" href="https://conflictstudies.academia.edu/KeirGiles">Keir Giles</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="257331" type="text/json">{"id":257331,"first_name":"Keir","last_name":"Giles","domain_name":"conflictstudies","page_name":"KeirGiles","display_name":"Keir Giles","profile_url":"https://conflictstudies.academia.edu/KeirGiles?f_ri=2674","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/257331/197752/31563098/s65_keir.giles.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_80482650 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="80482650"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 80482650, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_80482650", }); 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Data overload complicates the intelligence community’s efforts to identify and exclude disinformation, misinformation, and deception, and thus hampers its ability to deliver reliable intelligence to inform decision-makers in a timely manner. The military commander remains responsible for making a final decision, yet the great wealth of data now available through the intelligence cycle amplifies the risk of decision paralysis. With this in mind, technological solutions tend to be considered the most appropriate response for managing data overload and disinformation. While these remain relevant, they alone may be insufficient to equip the military commander with the necessary insight to guide decisions through the uncertainty of the big data environment. Rather, the militar...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":86849075,"asset_id":80482650,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":257331,"first_name":"Keir","last_name":"Giles","domain_name":"conflictstudies","page_name":"KeirGiles","display_name":"Keir Giles","profile_url":"https://conflictstudies.academia.edu/KeirGiles?f_ri=2674","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/257331/197752/31563098/s65_keir.giles.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":568,"name":"Military Ethics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Military_Ethics?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":570,"name":"Military Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Military_Intelligence?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":814,"name":"Ethics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethics?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":2671,"name":"Emotional intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Emotional_intelligence?f_ri=2674"},{"id":2674,"name":"Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence?f_ri=2674"},{"id":2969,"name":"Leadership","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Leadership?f_ri=2674"},{"id":9401,"name":"Transformational Leadership","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transformational_Leadership?f_ri=2674"},{"id":39946,"name":"Military","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Military?f_ri=2674"},{"id":119358,"name":"Defense and National Security","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Defense_and_National_Security?f_ri=2674"},{"id":126300,"name":"Big Data","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Big_Data?f_ri=2674"},{"id":289278,"name":"Big Data Analytics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Big_Data_Analytics?f_ri=2674"},{"id":294517,"name":"Defense and Strategic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Defense_and_Strategic_Studies?f_ri=2674"},{"id":413148,"name":"Big Data / Analytics / Data Mining","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Big_Data_Analytics_Data_Mining?f_ri=2674"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_63601297" data-work_id="63601297" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/63601297/Letter_and_Category_Fluency_in_Children_With_Fetal_Alcohol_Syndrome_From_a_Community_in_South_Africa">Letter and Category Fluency in Children With Fetal Alcohol Syndrome From a Community in South Africa</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div 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dunbar","profile_url":"https://oxford.academia.edu/rdunbar?f_ri=2674","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/12767910/161559196/151286537/s65_robin.dunbar.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_48337367 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="48337367"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 48337367, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_48337367", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_48337367 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 48337367; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_48337367"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_48337367 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="48337367"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 48337367; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=48337367]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_48337367").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_48337367").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="48337367"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="221" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology">Psychology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="221" type="text/json">{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="237" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science">Cognitive Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="237" type="text/json">{"id":237,"name":"Cognitive Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="255" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Psychology">Evolutionary Psychology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="255" type="text/json">{"id":255,"name":"Evolutionary Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Psychology?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="859" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Communication">Communication</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="859" type="text/json">{"id":859,"name":"Communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Communication?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=48337367]'), work: {"id":48337367,"title":"A bias for social information in human cultural transmission","created_at":"2021-05-04T14:26:25.318-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/48337367/A_bias_for_social_information_in_human_cultural_transmission?f_ri=2674","dom_id":"work_48337367","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":67011909,"asset_id":48337367,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":12767910,"first_name":"robin","last_name":"dunbar","domain_name":"oxford","page_name":"rdunbar","display_name":"robin dunbar","profile_url":"https://oxford.academia.edu/rdunbar?f_ri=2674","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/12767910/161559196/151286537/s65_robin.dunbar.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":237,"name":"Cognitive Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":255,"name":"Evolutionary Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_Psychology?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":859,"name":"Communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Communication?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":2674,"name":"Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence?f_ri=2674"},{"id":4212,"name":"Cognition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognition?f_ri=2674"},{"id":4715,"name":"Social Interaction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Interaction?f_ri=2674"},{"id":7324,"name":"British","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/British?f_ri=2674"},{"id":11096,"name":"Cultural Evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Evolution?f_ri=2674"},{"id":22254,"name":"Cognitive Bias","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Bias?f_ri=2674"},{"id":64568,"name":"Humans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans?f_ri=2674"},{"id":78547,"name":"Machiavellianism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Machiavellianism?f_ri=2674"},{"id":98925,"name":"Female","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Female?f_ri=2674"},{"id":111545,"name":"Male","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Male?f_ri=2674"},{"id":166293,"name":"Cultural transmission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_transmission-1?f_ri=2674"},{"id":172809,"name":"Interpersonal Relations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Interpersonal_Relations?f_ri=2674"},{"id":337573,"name":"British psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/British_psychology?f_ri=2674"},{"id":369943,"name":"Information Dissemination","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_Dissemination?f_ri=2674"},{"id":382075,"name":"Adult","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adult?f_ri=2674"},{"id":2533306,"name":"cultural characteristics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/cultural_characteristics?f_ri=2674"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_36340007" data-work_id="36340007" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36340007/Five_Years_Later_Women_Combat_Operations_and_Revisiting_The_Other_Fifty_Percent_">Five Years Later: Women, Combat Operations, and Revisiting "The Other Fifty Percent"</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In December 2015, then-Secretary of Defense Ash Carter changed the cultural landscape of the military by stating the U.S. military will let women serve in all combat roles beginning in 2016. Just three years prior to this announcement,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_36340007" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In December 2015, then-Secretary of Defense Ash Carter changed the cultural landscape of the military by stating the U.S. military will let women serve in all combat roles beginning in 2016. Just three years prior to this announcement, the American Intelligence Journal published an article titled "The Other Fifty Percent: Psychological Operations and Women in Eastern Afghanistan," which discussed the importance of females working in combat operations as psychological operations (PSYOP) soldiers. The intent of the article was to force the discussion of how women can be a unique resource on the battlefield beyond merely manpower. The purpose of this follow-up article is two-fold: first, to review how the military has changed in reference to women participating in combat roles since 2012; and second, to discuss how the Intelligence Community (IC) has long utilized women in operations and leadership roles in a way of interest to the military.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/36340007" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5c67c0cd7f52e4da8a88ec3e528d7658" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":56248090,"asset_id":36340007,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56248090/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0MDk2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="41493833" href="https://cgsc.academia.edu/KailahKarlMurry">Kailah Karl-Murry</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="41493833" type="text/json">{"id":41493833,"first_name":"Kailah","last_name":"Karl-Murry","domain_name":"cgsc","page_name":"KailahKarlMurry","display_name":"Kailah Karl-Murry","profile_url":"https://cgsc.academia.edu/KailahKarlMurry?f_ri=2674","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/41493833/16129212/16578760/s65_kailah.karl-murry.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_36340007 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="36340007"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36340007, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_36340007", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_36340007 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36340007; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_36340007"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_36340007 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="36340007"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 36340007; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36340007]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_36340007").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_36340007").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="36340007"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="570" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Military_Intelligence">Military Intelligence</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="570" type="text/json">{"id":570,"name":"Military Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Military_Intelligence?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1138" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Womens_Studies">Women's Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1138" type="text/json">{"id":1138,"name":"Women's Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Womens_Studies?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2052" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence_Studies">Intelligence Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2052" type="text/json">{"id":2052,"name":"Intelligence Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence_Studies?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2674" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence">Intelligence</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2674" type="text/json">{"id":2674,"name":"Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=36340007]'), work: {"id":36340007,"title":"Five Years Later: Women, Combat Operations, and Revisiting \"The Other Fifty Percent\"","created_at":"2018-04-05T11:31:30.096-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/36340007/Five_Years_Later_Women_Combat_Operations_and_Revisiting_The_Other_Fifty_Percent_?f_ri=2674","dom_id":"work_36340007","summary":"In December 2015, then-Secretary of Defense Ash Carter changed the cultural landscape of the military by stating the U.S. military will let women serve in all combat roles beginning in 2016. Just three years prior to this announcement, the American Intelligence Journal published an article titled \"The Other Fifty Percent: Psychological Operations and Women in Eastern Afghanistan,\" which discussed the importance of females working in combat operations as psychological operations (PSYOP) soldiers. The intent of the article was to force the discussion of how women can be a unique resource on the battlefield beyond merely manpower. The purpose of this follow-up article is two-fold: first, to review how the military has changed in reference to women participating in combat roles since 2012; and second, to discuss how the Intelligence Community (IC) has long utilized women in operations and leadership roles in a way of interest to the military. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":56248090,"asset_id":36340007,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":41493833,"first_name":"Kailah","last_name":"Karl-Murry","domain_name":"cgsc","page_name":"KailahKarlMurry","display_name":"Kailah Karl-Murry","profile_url":"https://cgsc.academia.edu/KailahKarlMurry?f_ri=2674","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/41493833/16129212/16578760/s65_kailah.karl-murry.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":570,"name":"Military Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Military_Intelligence?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":1138,"name":"Women's Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Womens_Studies?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":2052,"name":"Intelligence Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence_Studies?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":2674,"name":"Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":19087,"name":"Military and Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Military_and_Politics?f_ri=2674"},{"id":49663,"name":"Women and Gender Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Women_and_Gender_Studies?f_ri=2674"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_27973550" data-work_id="27973550" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/27973550/Linear_versus_normalized_T_scores_as_standardized_neuropsychological_test_scores">Linear versus normalized T scores as standardized neuropsychological test scores</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In this paper we present and discuss standardized T score systems for neuropsychological test data. Both linear and normalized T scores were calculated for 141 normal subjects and a group of 141 patients with diffuse or focal brain... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_27973550" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In this paper we present and discuss standardized T score systems for neuropsychological test data. Both linear and normalized T scores were calculated for 141 normal subjects and a group of 141 patients with diffuse or focal brain damage. Many standard neuropsychological tests have skewed raw score and linear T score distributions, and we argue that normalized T scores have practical advantages because they permit simple descriptions of both patient groups and individual test score distributions. We also argue that skewness can be partially explained by ceiling effects and other test construction artefacts and that skewed raw score distributions do not necessarily reflect skewed distributions of the underlying mental abilities. Consequently, use of normalized T scores seems appropriate in many research and clinical contexts.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/27973550" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4d12e90065e530f2a2f275fa246e55ef" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48276500,"asset_id":27973550,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48276500/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0MDk2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33000103" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AGade1">A. Gade</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33000103" type="text/json">{"id":33000103,"first_name":"A.","last_name":"Gade","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AGade1","display_name":"A. Gade","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AGade1?f_ri=2674","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_27973550 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="27973550"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 27973550, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_27973550", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_27973550 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27973550; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_27973550"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_27973550 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="27973550"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 27973550; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27973550]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_27973550").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_27973550").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="27973550"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="221" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology">Psychology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="221" type="text/json">{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="237" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science">Cognitive Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="237" type="text/json">{"id":237,"name":"Cognitive Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2599" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychometrics">Psychometrics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2599" type="text/json">{"id":2599,"name":"Psychometrics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychometrics?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2674" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence">Intelligence</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2674" type="text/json">{"id":2674,"name":"Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=27973550]'), work: {"id":27973550,"title":"Linear versus normalized T scores as standardized neuropsychological test scores","created_at":"2016-08-24T02:55:16.103-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/27973550/Linear_versus_normalized_T_scores_as_standardized_neuropsychological_test_scores?f_ri=2674","dom_id":"work_27973550","summary":"In this paper we present and discuss standardized T score systems for neuropsychological test data. Both linear and normalized T scores were calculated for 141 normal subjects and a group of 141 patients with diffuse or focal brain damage. Many standard neuropsychological tests have skewed raw score and linear T score distributions, and we argue that normalized T scores have practical advantages because they permit simple descriptions of both patient groups and individual test score distributions. We also argue that skewness can be partially explained by ceiling effects and other test construction artefacts and that skewed raw score distributions do not necessarily reflect skewed distributions of the underlying mental abilities. Consequently, use of normalized T scores seems appropriate in many research and clinical contexts.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":48276500,"asset_id":27973550,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":33000103,"first_name":"A.","last_name":"Gade","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AGade1","display_name":"A. Gade","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AGade1?f_ri=2674","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":221,"name":"Psychology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychology?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":237,"name":"Cognitive Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":2599,"name":"Psychometrics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Psychometrics?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":2674,"name":"Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":2923,"name":"Methodology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Methodology?f_ri=2674"},{"id":9043,"name":"Performance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Performance?f_ri=2674"},{"id":23890,"name":"Comparative Study","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Study?f_ri=2674"},{"id":64568,"name":"Humans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans?f_ri=2674"},{"id":96446,"name":"Measurement","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Measurement?f_ri=2674"},{"id":98925,"name":"Female","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Female?f_ri=2674"},{"id":111545,"name":"Male","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Male?f_ri=2674"},{"id":144833,"name":"Validity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Validity?f_ri=2674"},{"id":172815,"name":"Aptitude","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aptitude?f_ri=2674"},{"id":289271,"name":"Aged","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aged?f_ri=2674"},{"id":295155,"name":"Middle Aged","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Aged?f_ri=2674"},{"id":382075,"name":"Adult","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adult?f_ri=2674"},{"id":644084,"name":"Intelligence tests","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence_tests?f_ri=2674"},{"id":703835,"name":"Statistical Test","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Statistical_Test?f_ri=2674"},{"id":883437,"name":"APTITUDE TEST","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/APTITUDE_TEST?f_ri=2674"},{"id":2467548,"name":"Neuropsychological Tests","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neuropsychological_Tests?f_ri=2674"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_24880161" data-work_id="24880161" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/24880161/NTM_and_NR3C2_polymorphisms_influencing_intelligence_family_based_association_studies">NTM and NR3C2 polymorphisms influencing intelligence: family-based association studies</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Family, twin, and adoption studies have indicated that human intelligence quotient (IQ) has significant genetic components. We performed a low-density genome-wide association analysis with a family-based association test to identify... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_24880161" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Family, twin, and adoption studies have indicated that human intelligence quotient (IQ) has significant genetic components. We performed a low-density genome-wide association analysis with a family-based association test to identify genetic variants influencing IQ, as measured by Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale full-score IQ (FSIQ). We examined 11,120 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from the Affymetrix GeneChips 10K mapping array genotyped in 292 nuclear families from Genetic Analysis Workshop 14, a subset from the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA). A replication analysis was performed using part of International Multi-Center ADHD Genetics Project (IMAGE) dataset. Twenty-two SNPs were identified as having suggestive associations with IQ (p&lt;10(-3)) in the COGA sample and eleven of the SNPs were located within known genes. In particular, NTM at 11q25 (rs411280, p = 0.000764) and NR3C2 at 4q31.1 (rs3846329, p = 0.000675) were two novel genes which hav...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/24880161" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d029b52e4c3247b1ec4e9ff653386941" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":45201060,"asset_id":24880161,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/45201060/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0MDk2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="39752704" href="https://independent.academia.edu/YuePan12">Yue Pan</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="39752704" type="text/json">{"id":39752704,"first_name":"Yue","last_name":"Pan","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"YuePan12","display_name":"Yue Pan","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/YuePan12?f_ri=2674","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_24880161 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="24880161"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 24880161, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_24880161", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_24880161 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 24880161; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_24880161"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_24880161 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="24880161"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 24880161; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=24880161]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_24880161").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_24880161").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="24880161"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">25</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="156" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetics">Genetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="156" type="text/json">{"id":156,"name":"Genetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetics?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2674" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence">Intelligence</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2674" type="text/json">{"id":2674,"name":"Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3855" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymorphism">Polymorphism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3855" type="text/json">{"id":3855,"name":"Polymorphism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymorphism?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12054" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Cooperation">International Cooperation</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="12054" type="text/json">{"id":12054,"name":"International Cooperation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Cooperation?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=24880161]'), work: {"id":24880161,"title":"NTM and NR3C2 polymorphisms influencing intelligence: family-based association studies","created_at":"2016-04-29T07:52:19.892-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/24880161/NTM_and_NR3C2_polymorphisms_influencing_intelligence_family_based_association_studies?f_ri=2674","dom_id":"work_24880161","summary":"Family, twin, and adoption studies have indicated that human intelligence quotient (IQ) has significant genetic components. We performed a low-density genome-wide association analysis with a family-based association test to identify genetic variants influencing IQ, as measured by Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale full-score IQ (FSIQ). We examined 11,120 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from the Affymetrix GeneChips 10K mapping array genotyped in 292 nuclear families from Genetic Analysis Workshop 14, a subset from the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA). A replication analysis was performed using part of International Multi-Center ADHD Genetics Project (IMAGE) dataset. Twenty-two SNPs were identified as having suggestive associations with IQ (p\u0026lt;10(-3)) in the COGA sample and eleven of the SNPs were located within known genes. In particular, NTM at 11q25 (rs411280, p = 0.000764) and NR3C2 at 4q31.1 (rs3846329, p = 0.000675) were two novel genes which hav...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":45201060,"asset_id":24880161,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":39752704,"first_name":"Yue","last_name":"Pan","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"YuePan12","display_name":"Yue Pan","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/YuePan12?f_ri=2674","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":156,"name":"Genetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetics?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":2674,"name":"Intelligence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":3855,"name":"Polymorphism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymorphism?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":12054,"name":"International Cooperation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Cooperation?f_ri=2674","nofollow":false},{"id":22506,"name":"Adolescent","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adolescent?f_ri=2674"},{"id":23471,"name":"Genome Wide Association Studies (GWAS)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genome_Wide_Association_Studies_GWAS_?f_ri=2674"},{"id":52739,"name":"Association study","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Association_study?f_ri=2674"},{"id":64568,"name":"Humans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans?f_ri=2674"},{"id":86952,"name":"Haplotypes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Haplotypes?f_ri=2674"},{"id":91863,"name":"Alcoholism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Alcoholism?f_ri=2674"},{"id":98925,"name":"Female","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Female?f_ri=2674"},{"id":111545,"name":"Male","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Male?f_ri=2674"},{"id":133057,"name":"Young Adult","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Young_Adult?f_ri=2674"},{"id":289271,"name":"Aged","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aged?f_ri=2674"},{"id":295155,"name":"Middle Aged","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Aged?f_ri=2674"},{"id":311947,"name":"Major Depression","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Major_Depression?f_ri=2674"},{"id":341087,"name":"Family Health","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Family_Health?f_ri=2674"},{"id":382075,"name":"Adult","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adult?f_ri=2674"},{"id":403740,"name":"Single Nucleotide Polymorphism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Single_Nucleotide_Polymorphism?f_ri=2674"},{"id":441653,"name":"Cognitive Function","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Function?f_ri=2674"},{"id":644084,"name":"Intelligence tests","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence_tests?f_ri=2674"},{"id":707213,"name":"Genetic Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetic_Analysis?f_ri=2674"},{"id":771687,"name":"Image Sampling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Image_Sampling?f_ri=2674"},{"id":862679,"name":"Intelligence quotient","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intelligence_quotient?f_ri=2674"},{"id":1120234,"name":"Alzheimer Disease","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Alzheimer_Disease?f_ri=2674"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_23643360" data-work_id="23643360" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/23643360/Estimating_the_burden_of_disease_attributable_to_low_fruit_and_vegetable_intake_in_South_Africa_in_2000">Estimating the burden of disease attributable to low fruit and vegetable intake in South Africa in 2000</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">To estimate the burden of disease attributed to low fruit and vegetable intake by sex and age group in South Africa for the year 2000. The analysis follows the World Health Organization comparative risk assessment (CRA) methodology.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_23643360" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">To estimate the burden of disease attributed to low fruit and vegetable intake by sex and age group in South Africa for the year 2000. The analysis follows the World Health Organization comparative risk assessment (CRA) methodology. Population-attributable fractions were calculated from South African prevalence data from dietary surveys and applied to the revised South African burden of disease estimates for 2000. A theoretical maximum distribution of 600 g per day for fruit and vegetable intake was chosen. Monte Carlo simulation-modelling techniques were used for uncertainty analysis. South Africa. Adults &gt;or= 15 years. Mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), from ischaemic heart disease, ischaemic stroke, lung cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer and oesophageal cancer. Low fruit and vegetable intake accounted for 3.2% of total deaths and 1.1% of the 16.2 million attributable DALYs. For both males and females the largest proportion of total years of healthy l...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/23643360" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="541bc65b63f1a43a3d56614d55dc2fdc" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":44054055,"asset_id":23643360,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44054055/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0MDk2Niw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="45581446" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NeliaSteyn">Nelia Steyn</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="45581446" type="text/json">{"id":45581446,"first_name":"Nelia","last_name":"Steyn","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NeliaSteyn","display_name":"Nelia Steyn","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NeliaSteyn?f_ri=2674","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_23643360 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="23643360"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 23643360, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_23643360", }); 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The analysis follows the World Health Organization comparative risk assessment (CRA) methodology. Population-attributable fractions were calculated from South African prevalence data from dietary surveys and applied to the revised South African burden of disease estimates for 2000. A theoretical maximum distribution of 600 g per day for fruit and vegetable intake was chosen. Monte Carlo simulation-modelling techniques were used for uncertainty analysis. South Africa. Adults \u0026gt;or= 15 years. Mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), from ischaemic heart disease, ischaemic stroke, lung cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer and oesophageal cancer. Low fruit and vegetable intake accounted for 3.2% of total deaths and 1.1% of the 16.2 million attributable DALYs. 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