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This chapter deals with the phenomenon and its downsiides for democracy","publication_date":"2022,,","publication_name":"Refelections on the Complexities of the Covif-19 Pandemic: Perspectives from the Global South"},"document_type":"book","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"low","language":"en","title":"Warefare by Other Means: The Effect of the South African's Government Militarised Resonse to COVID 19 on Society and Civil-Military RelationsAcdemia Edu Warfare by Other Means Covid 19 South Africa V d Westhizen Liebenberg","broadcastable":true,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [7335828]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "control"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loswp.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon';</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":105975926,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “Warefare by Other Means: The Effect of the South African's Government Militarised Resonse to COVID 19 on Society and Civil-Military RelationsAcdemia Edu Warfare by Other Means Covid 19 South Africa V d Westhizen Liebenberg”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/105975926/mini_magick20230926-1-hggnmz.png?1695741854" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/single_work_splash/adobe.icon-574afd46eb6b03a77a153a647fb47e30546f9215c0ee6a25df597a779717f9ef.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">Warefare by Other Means: The Effect of the South African's Government Militarised Resonse to COVID 19 on Society and Civil-Military RelationsAcdemia Edu Warfare by Other Means Covid 19 South Africa V d Westhizen Liebenberg</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="7335828" href="https://sun.academia.edu/ILiebenberg"><img alt="Profile image of Ian Liebenberg" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/7335828/2709232/3154411/s65_ian.liebenberg.jpg" />Ian Liebenberg</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2022, Refelections on the Complexities of the Covif-19 Pandemic: Perspectives from the Global South</p><a class="js-loswp-work-card-doi-link ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" href="https://doi.org/10.52779/9781991201935" rel="nofollow">https://doi.org/10.52779/9781991201935</a><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">visibility</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm" id="work-metadata-view-count">…</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">description</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">26 pages</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">link</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">1 file</p></div></div><script>(async () => { const workId = 107256687; const worksViewsPath = "/v0/works/views?subdomain_param=api&work_ids%5B%5D=107256687"; const getWorkViews = async (workId) => { const response = await fetch(worksViewsPath); if (!response.ok) { throw new Error('Failed to load work views'); } const data = await response.json(); return data.views[workId]; }; // Get the view count for the work - we send this immediately rather than waiting for // the DOM to load, so it can be available as soon as possible (but without holding up // the backend or other resource requests, because it's a bit expensive and not critical). const viewCount = await getWorkViews(workId); const updateViewCount = (viewCount) => { const viewCountNumber = Number(viewCount); if (!viewCountNumber) { throw new Error('Failed to parse view count'); } const commaizedViewCount = viewCountNumber.toLocaleString(); const viewCountBody = document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count'); if (viewCountBody) { viewCountBody.textContent = `${commaizedViewCount} views`; } else { throw new Error('Failed to find work views element'); } }; // If the DOM is still loading, wait for it to be ready before updating the view count. if (document.readyState === "loading") { document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { updateViewCount(viewCount); }); // Otherwise, just update it immediately. } else { updateViewCount(viewCount); } })();</script></div><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">South Africa like may other countries militarised and centralised their government policies in reaction to the COVID-19 Pandemic. This chapter deals with the phenomenon and its downsiides for democracy</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":105975926,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/107256687/Warefare_by_Other_Means_The_Effect_of_the_South_Africans_Government_Militarised_Resonse_to_COVID_19_on_Society_and_Civil_Military_RelationsAcdemia_Edu_Warfare_by_Other_Means_Covid_19_South_Africa_V_d_Westhizen_Liebenberg"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":105975926,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/107256687/Warefare_by_Other_Means_The_Effect_of_the_South_Africans_Government_Militarised_Resonse_to_COVID_19_on_Society_and_Civil_Military_RelationsAcdemia_Edu_Warfare_by_Other_Means_Covid_19_South_Africa_V_d_Westhizen_Liebenberg"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div></div><div data-auto_select="false" data-client_id="331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b" data-doc_id="105975926" data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/107256687/Warefare_by_Other_Means_The_Effect_of_the_South_Africans_Government_Militarised_Resonse_to_COVID_19_on_Society_and_Civil_Military_RelationsAcdemia_Edu_Warfare_by_Other_Means_Covid_19_South_Africa_V_d_Westhizen_Liebenberg" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="44733031" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44733031/Deployment_of_the_South_African_National_Defence_Force_for_COVID_19_A_case_study_on_governance">Deployment of the South African National Defence Force for COVID-19: A case study on governance</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="33515084" href="https://johannesburg.academia.edu/PietEnCorniaBester">Piet En Cornia Bester</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Africa Journal of Public Sector Development and Governance, 2020</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Since the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a worldwide pandemic it has had a severe impact on South African citizens. On 23 March 2020, South African President Cyril Ramaphosa declared a nationwide lockdown to “flatten the curve” of infection by COVID-19. The South African National Defence Force (SANDF) was deployed in support of the South African Police Service in what is known as Operation NOTLELA. The domestic nature of this deployment (also read employment) raised various concerns, which provided a compelling case to evaluate governance in action. This study applies the incremental case study as a strategy for inquiry and uses interpreted governance as a process with the purpose of steering organisations, whether public or private, in the right direction; through various mechanisms such as participation, decentralisation, rule of law, process, accountability, oversight, ethics and transparency; ultimately using it as a diagnostic tool for governance to analyse the case. Based on the assumption that governance and law are interlinked, the study examined the South African Constitution as the supreme law of the country that provides the legal framework for all legal and political institutions and subsequent policies. The study revealed that the Constitution and other relevant legislation, such as, inter alia, the Disaster Management Act No. 57 of 2002, the Defence Act No. 42 of 2002 and the Interim Constitution of 1993, mandated the domestic deployment of the SANDF motivated by a health and security nexus. It is further supported by the SANDF’s highest level policy, namely the South African Defence Review 2015. An analysis of the legal framework and processes followed confirmed the legality of the deployment, but a number of shortcomings were identified regarding the steering mechanisms for governance. It was especially during the case of Khosa and Others v Minister of Defence and Others (2020) that shortcomings in terms of ethics (framework for guiding behaviour), rule of law, decentralisation, oversight, and accountability were identified. The centralisation of power to the COVID-19 Command Council had a detrimental effect on decentralisation, transparency, participation and accountability; especially for civil society organisations. Various conclusions and recommendations are made, especially with respect to the conduct of officials, who might create perceptions and undermine the effect of steering mechanisms already in place. Ultimately, this case study can be utilised to ensure that those matters that have been omitted or neglected can be corrected in the future utilisation of the military and that those that dealt with correctly are maintained in future.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Deployment of the South African National Defence Force for COVID-19: A case study on governance","attachmentId":65217518,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/44733031/Deployment_of_the_South_African_National_Defence_Force_for_COVID_19_A_case_study_on_governance","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/44733031/Deployment_of_the_South_African_National_Defence_Force_for_COVID_19_A_case_study_on_governance"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="103524361" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/103524361/Public_health_and_democratic_governance_COVID_19_s_impact_on_South_Africa_s_democracy">Public health and democratic governance: COVID-19’s impact on South Africa’s democracy</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="29715815" href="https://unisouthafr.academia.edu/DirkKotze">Dirk Kotzé</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Zeitschrift für Vergleichende Politikwissenschaft</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The research is motivated by the need to determine the impact of South Africa’s COVID-19 regulations on its quality of democracy. It takes into account the interests of individual (liberal) rights in competition with the state’s interests of public security. Theoretical assumptions, based on classical democratic theories, which rely on the separation of powers and checks-and-balance principles, were used. The South African government architecture is assessed, especially in the context of accountability and oversight requirements. For this purpose, the relationship between the legislature and executive is most relevant. The South African government decided on a state of disaster to manage the pandemic, but it is contrasted with a state of emergency as the constitutional alternative. Its implementation, especially the institutional framework used for it, is analysed. The role of Parliament during the pandemic is used as an important test of the quality of democracy. The conclusions ar...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Public health and democratic governance: COVID-19’s impact on South Africa’s democracy","attachmentId":103508681,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/103524361/Public_health_and_democratic_governance_COVID_19_s_impact_on_South_Africa_s_democracy","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/103524361/Public_health_and_democratic_governance_COVID_19_s_impact_on_South_Africa_s_democracy"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="72939106" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/72939106/The_South_African_Development_Community_SADC_and_Covid_19_revisiting_security_community_in_SADC">The South African Development Community (SADC) and Covid-19: revisiting security community in SADC</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="16841146" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JosephJuliet">Juliet Joseph</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">EUREKA: Social and Humanities</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic remains a global security challenge for humanity. The COVID-19 pandemic, a non traditional security threat has exposed how regions respond to non traditional and emerging security threats. Similarly, the South African Development Community (SADC) region remains confronted with security ramifications due to the Covid-19 pandemic. The peace and security of the region has been disturbed due to an upsurge of conflicts in countries, such as South Africa (South Africa’s unrests, protests and the Phoenix Massacre), Lesotho (Eswatini protests) and Mozambique’s (Carbo Delgado insurgency), all amidst the coronavirus global pandemic. Further to this, SADCs human security challenges that have transpired and, in some cases, have been further exacerbated by the Covid-19 pandemic, include economic decline, job losses, food insecurity and the loss of life to mention a few. Prior to the Covid-19 pandemic, SADC Member Stateshave had to exercise greater...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The South African Development Community (SADC) and Covid-19: revisiting security community in SADC","attachmentId":81662176,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/72939106/The_South_African_Development_Community_SADC_and_Covid_19_revisiting_security_community_in_SADC","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/72939106/The_South_African_Development_Community_SADC_and_Covid_19_revisiting_security_community_in_SADC"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="95058149" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/95058149/The_South_African_governments_response_to_COVID_19">The South African government's response to COVID-19</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="158370021" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DannielleCerbone">Dannielle Cerbone</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Public Budgeting, Accounting &amp; Financial Management, 2020</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">PurposeThis paper provides a critical analysis of the South African government&#39;s response to the COVID-19 crisis and its effect on state finances and budgets.Design/methodology/approachThe paper critically analyses publicly available data.FindingsThe South African government&#39;s initial health response was praised by the international community, given the early lockdown and extensive testing regime. The lockdown devastated an already precarious economy, which led to negative social consequences. The initial lockdown delayed the epidemic, but subsequently, the infection rate climbed, requiring new restrictions, suggesting further economic disruption. The government has had to increase its borrowings, while the future tax take is forecast to be significantly reduced, a combination which will lead to a severely constrained public purse for many years to come. This will limit the government&#39;s ability to address the basic social needs that predated the COVID-19 crisis.Originali...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The South African government's response to COVID-19","attachmentId":97345051,"attachmentType":"txt","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/95058149/The_South_African_governments_response_to_COVID_19","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/95058149/The_South_African_governments_response_to_COVID_19"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="43303132" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43303132/The_militarization_of_COVID_19_mixing_traditional_and_non_traditional_security">The militarization of COVID-19: mixing traditional and non-traditional security</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="4180569" href="https://glasgow.academia.edu/RageTaufika">Rage Taufika</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">CSIS Commentaries, 2020</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The militarization of COVID-19: mixing traditional and non-traditional security","attachmentId":63581711,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/43303132/The_militarization_of_COVID_19_mixing_traditional_and_non_traditional_security","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/43303132/The_militarization_of_COVID_19_mixing_traditional_and_non_traditional_security"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="89033397" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/89033397/National_Security_in_Complex_Times_The_South_African_military_dimension">National Security in Complex Times: The South African military dimension</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="229828619" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ShadrackRamokgadi">Shadrack Ramokgadi</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2020</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"National Security in Complex Times: The South African military dimension","attachmentId":92906560,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/89033397/National_Security_in_Complex_Times_The_South_African_military_dimension","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/89033397/National_Security_in_Complex_Times_The_South_African_military_dimension"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="44184555" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44184555/Has_the_COVID_19_pandemic_exposed_the_fragility_of_South_Africas_constitutional_democracy">Has the COVID-19 pandemic exposed the fragility of South Africa's constitutional democracy?</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="164799466" href="https://unisouthafr.academia.edu/PaulMudau">Fungai Paul MUDAU</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">AfricLaw, 2020</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">It is worrisome that with a sheer declaration of a national state of disaster under the Disaster Management Act, the NCCC mysteriously emerged as a super-commanding body that governs the affairs of a liberal constitutional state with unprecedented concentration of powers, devoid of transparent legal mechanisms that could sanitise its existence and powers. Additionally, while enforcing lockdown Regulations and Directives, the security forces have been reigning on terror and violating human rights. A follow-up concern emanates from the imagination of what could then transpire in future circumstances where a state of emergency is declared in terms of section 37 of the 1996 Constitution. This is because the State of Emergency Act curtails people’s human rights further, as opposed to the Disaster Management Act. Accordingly, it sounds reasonable to ponder if the COVID-19 pandemic might have exposed the fragility of South Africa’s constitutional democracy.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Has the COVID-19 pandemic exposed the fragility of South Africa's constitutional democracy?","attachmentId":64545183,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/44184555/Has_the_COVID_19_pandemic_exposed_the_fragility_of_South_Africas_constitutional_democracy","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/44184555/Has_the_COVID_19_pandemic_exposed_the_fragility_of_South_Africas_constitutional_democracy"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="112037586" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/112037586/Anton_M_Pillay_Book_Review_Pieter_Fourie_and_Guy_Lamb_Edited_The_South_African_Response_to_COVID_19_Early_Years_London_Routledge_2023_pp_34_36">Anton M. Pillay, Book Review: Pieter Fourie and Guy Lamb, Edited. The South African Response to COVID-19: Early Years, London: Routledge, 2023, pp.34-36.</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="56335693" href="https://utrgv.academia.edu/NETSOLNewTrendsinSocialandLiberalSciences">NETSOL New Trends in Social and Liberal Sciences</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">NETSOL: New Trends in Social and Liberal Sciences, 2023</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The South African Response to COVID-19 edited by Pieter Fourie and Guy Lamb provides an alternative perspective on the epidemic. Alternative in the sense that the book shifts the narrative away from the Western perspectives that dominated the COVID-19 discourse. The book in its entirety provides readers with a realist South African perspectives, positions, and understanding of an event so momentous that it will be long remembered as a defining moment in human history. Pieter Fourie introduces us to the book with a poignant quote from Louis Pasteur; 'the pathogen is nothing, the terrain is everything.' In the case of South Africa this could not apply more. Routledge published the book in 'Studies on Health in Africa' series. The editors, Fourie and Lamb, both academics at the prestigious Stellenbosch University, have stuck to academic rigidity in their editorial oversight resulting in a book that reads more like a collection of journal articles, than a book with interwoven chapters. As a pure academic product, I believe what the editors had in mind was to produce a reference textbook for future researchers to study and build upon. While the chapters focus on various sociological, economic, cultural, and epidemiological, the research approach hardly ventures out of a political science methodology, and we see a lot of comparative politics and policy analysis on display. This slightly hinders the flow of discussion as</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Anton M. Pillay, Book Review: Pieter Fourie and Guy Lamb, Edited. The South African Response to COVID-19: Early Years, London: Routledge, 2023, pp.34-36.","attachmentId":109393002,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/112037586/Anton_M_Pillay_Book_Review_Pieter_Fourie_and_Guy_Lamb_Edited_The_South_African_Response_to_COVID_19_Early_Years_London_Routledge_2023_pp_34_36","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/112037586/Anton_M_Pillay_Book_Review_Pieter_Fourie_and_Guy_Lamb_Edited_The_South_African_Response_to_COVID_19_Early_Years_London_Routledge_2023_pp_34_36"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="87953567" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/87953567/Statelessness_and_COVID_19_in_South_Africa">Statelessness and COVID-19 in South Africa</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="5322614" href="https://ul-za.academia.edu/VhonaniNeluvhalani">Vhonani Sarah-Jane Neluvhalani-Caquece</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Southern African Public Law</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The COVID-19 pandemic has emphasised the plight of the stateless in South Africa. Statelessness is a pandemic on its own and has been regarded as ‘a forgotten human rights crisis.’ The consequence of statelessness is the inability to access internationally and democratically recognised human rights standards and protections due to a stateless person not having a nationality. The declaration of the State of Disaster in South Africa in March 2020 and the ensuing stages of lockdowns, testing and access to vaccinations have been put into place to curb the infection rate of COVID-19. Such interventions are available to nationals, non-nationals, refugees and asylum seekers, but those who are stateless encounter challenges in accessing socio-economic rights granted by the government. The inability of the stateless to access basic services such as access to health facilities, food, shelter, sanitation, vaccinations and protection have been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Despite inter...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Statelessness and COVID-19 in South Africa","attachmentId":92037212,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/87953567/Statelessness_and_COVID_19_in_South_Africa","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/87953567/Statelessness_and_COVID_19_in_South_Africa"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="97657299" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/97657299/Politics_Policy_and_Inequality_in_South_Africa_Under_COVID_19">Politics, Policy, and Inequality in South Africa Under COVID-19</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="45404150" href="https://independent.academia.edu/EddieWebster">Eddie Webster</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Agrarian South: Journal of Political Economy: A triannual Journal of Agrarian South Network and CARES, 2020</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted and exacerbated inequalities in South Africa. The question posed in this article is whether the pandemic and its associated responses offer the opportunity for a more egalitarian society in South Africa, or a more intensively unequal society. The future is contested. On the one hand, there is the consolidation of labor displacement, a growth in unemployment, and a deepening of inequality. On the other, there is the possibility of a turning point toward significant advances in the de-commodification of education, health, and transport. But as with much of the Global South, South Africa has relatively high levels of informality compared to the Global North, which has implications for the impact of the pandemic and the structure of the responses.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Politics, Policy, and Inequality in South Africa Under COVID-19","attachmentId":99219766,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/97657299/Politics_Policy_and_Inequality_in_South_Africa_Under_COVID_19","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/97657299/Politics_Policy_and_Inequality_in_South_Africa_Under_COVID_19"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":105975926,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":105975926,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_105975926" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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