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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Population_of_Haiti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Population_of_Haiti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Population of Haiti</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Population_of_Haiti-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Population of Haiti subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Population_of_Haiti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Structure_of_the_population" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Structure_of_the_population"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Structure of the population</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Structure_of_the_population-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vital_statistics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vital_statistics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Vital statistics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vital_statistics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Births_and_deaths" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Births_and_deaths"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Births and deaths</span> </div> 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aria-controls="toc-Other_sources_of_demographic_statistics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Other sources of demographic statistics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Other_sources_of_demographic_statistics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Population" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Population"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Population</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Population-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ethnic_composition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ethnic_composition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Ethnic composition</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ethnic_composition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Age_structure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Age_structure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Age structure</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Age_structure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Birth_rate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Birth_rate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Birth rate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Birth_rate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Death_rate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Death_rate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Death rate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Death_rate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Total_fertility_rate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Total_fertility_rate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.6</span> <span>Total fertility rate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Total_fertility_rate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Net_migration_rate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Net_migration_rate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.7</span> <span>Net migration rate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Net_migration_rate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Population_growth_rate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Population_growth_rate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.8</span> <span>Population growth rate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Population_growth_rate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Median_age" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Median_age"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.9</span> <span>Median age</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Median_age-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mother's_mean_age_at_first_birth" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mother's_mean_age_at_first_birth"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.10</span> <span>Mother's mean age at first birth</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mother's_mean_age_at_first_birth-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Contraceptive_prevalence_rate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Contraceptive_prevalence_rate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.11</span> <span>Contraceptive prevalence rate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Contraceptive_prevalence_rate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dependency_ratios" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dependency_ratios"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.12</span> <span>Dependency ratios</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dependency_ratios-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Life_expectancy_at_birth" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Life_expectancy_at_birth"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.13</span> <span>Life expectancy at birth</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Life_expectancy_at_birth-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Urbanization" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Urbanization"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.14</span> <span>Urbanization</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Urbanization-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.15</span> <span>Religions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education_expenditures" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education_expenditures"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.16</span> <span>Education expenditures</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education_expenditures-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.17</span> <span>Literacy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Major_infectious_diseases" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Major_infectious_diseases"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.18</span> <span>Major infectious diseases</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Major_infectious_diseases-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Languages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Languages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Languages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Languages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Religion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Labor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Labor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Labor</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Labor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Emigration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Emigration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Emigration</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Emigration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Immigration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Immigration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Immigration</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Immigration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" 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interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Население на Хаити – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Население на Хаити" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demograf%C3%ADa_de_Hait%C3%AD" title="Demografía de Haití – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Demografía de Haití" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A9mographie_d%27Ha%C3%AFti" title="Démographie d'Haïti – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Démographie d'Haïti" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%EC%9D%B4%ED%8B%B0%EC%9D%98_%EC%9D%B8%EA%B5%AC" title="아이티의 인구 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아이티의 인구" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hai%C4%8Dio_demografija" title="Haičio demografija – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Haičio demografija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demografia_Haiti" title="Demografia Haiti – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Demografia Haiti" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%A0%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Население Республики Гаити – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Население Республики Гаити" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%97%D1%82%D1%96" title="Населення Гаїті – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Населення Гаїті" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Demographics+of+Haiti%22">"Demographics of Haiti"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Demographics+of+Haiti%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Demographics+of+Haiti%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Demographics+of+Haiti%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Demographics+of+Haiti%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Demographics+of+Haiti%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2020</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="line-height:120%"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background:#ddddff">Demographics of <a href="/wiki/Haiti" title="Haiti">Haiti</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Haiti_single_age_population_pyramid_2020.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Haiti_single_age_population_pyramid_2020.png/350px-Haiti_single_age_population_pyramid_2020.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="281" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Haiti_single_age_population_pyramid_2020.png/525px-Haiti_single_age_population_pyramid_2020.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Haiti_single_age_population_pyramid_2020.png/700px-Haiti_single_age_population_pyramid_2020.png 2x" data-file-width="2212" data-file-height="1777" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Population pyramid of Haiti in 2020</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Population</th><td class="infobox-data">8,812,245 (Last census)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Birth rate</th><td class="infobox-data">21.12 births/1,000 population (2022 est.)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Death rate</th><td class="infobox-data">7.23 deaths/1,000 population (2022 est.)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Life expectancy</th><td class="infobox-data">65.95 years</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • male</th><td class="infobox-data">63.26 years</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • female</th><td class="infobox-data">68.67 years</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Fertility rate</th><td class="infobox-data">2.43 children born/woman (2022 est.)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Infant mortality rate</th><td class="infobox-data">40.02 deaths/1,000 live births</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Net migration rate</th><td class="infobox-data">-1.88 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est.)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddddff">Age structure</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">0–14 years</th><td class="infobox-data">32.78%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">15–64 years</th><td class="infobox-data">62.49%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">65 and over</th><td class="infobox-data">4.73%</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddddff">Sex ratio</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Total</th><td class="infobox-data">0.97 male(s)/female (2022 est.)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">At birth</th><td class="infobox-data">1.01 male(s)/female</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Under 15</th><td class="infobox-data">0.99 male(s)/female</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">65 and over</th><td class="infobox-data">0.62 male(s)/female</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddddff">Nationality</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data">Haitian</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Major ethnic</th><td class="infobox-data">Black (95%)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddddff">Language</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Official</th><td class="infobox-data">French, Creole</td></tr></tbody></table><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Haiti-demographie.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Haiti-demographie.png/220px-Haiti-demographie.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Haiti-demographie.png/330px-Haiti-demographie.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Haiti-demographie.png/440px-Haiti-demographie.png 2x" data-file-width="3400" data-file-height="2400" /></a><figcaption>Population of Haiti (in millions) from 1800 to 2021</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Haiti" title="Haiti">Haiti</a> is the <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_and_dependencies_by_population" title="List of countries and dependencies by population">83rd most populous country</a> in the world, with an estimated population of 11,123,178 as of July 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The last national census in Haiti was done in 2003. Although much of that data has not been released, the population recorded was 8,812,245. </p><p>According to population DNA tests,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Avoid_weasel_words" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Avoid weasel words"><span title="The material near this tag possibly uses too vague attribution or weasel words. (February 2024)">which?</span></a></i>]</sup> approximately 80% of the population of Haiti is <a href="/wiki/Afro-Haitian" class="mw-redirect" title="Afro-Haitian">Afro-Haitian</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Within Black Haitian DNA, according to a study, the composition is approximately 88% African, the rest are European or mixed European. This is evidenced in DNA ancestry read outs where the average Haitian consistently tests at nearly 100 percent <a href="/wiki/Sub-Saharan_Africa" title="Sub-Saharan Africa">sub-Saharan African DNA</a>. </p><p>The remaining population of Haiti is primarily composed of <a href="/wiki/Mulatto" title="Mulatto">Mulattoes</a>, <a href="/wiki/White_Haitians" title="White Haitians">Europeans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Asian_people" title="Asian people">Asians</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Arab_Haitians" title="Arab Haitians">Arabs</a>. Hispanic residents in Haiti are mostly <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuban</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic" title="Dominican Republic">Dominican</a>. </p><p>About two-thirds of Haitian people live in <a href="/wiki/Rural" class="mw-redirect" title="Rural">rural</a> areas. Several demographic studies, including those by social work researcher Athena Kolbe, have provided estimates of the demographic information of urban residents. In 2006, each Haitian household had an average of 4.5 members. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Population_of_Haiti">Population of Haiti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Haiti&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Population of Haiti"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to the 2022 revision of the World Population Prospects<sup id="cite_ref-UN_WPP_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN_WPP-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-UN_WPP_2022_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN_WPP_2022-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the total population of Haiti in 2018 was 11,447,569, as compared to 3,221,000 in 1950. In 2015, the proportion of children below the age of 15 was 36.2%. 59.7% of the population was between 15 and 65 years of age, while 4.5% was 65 years or older.<sup id="cite_ref-WPP_2012_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WPP_2012-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the <a href="/wiki/World_Bank" title="World Bank">World Bank</a>, Haiti's <a href="/wiki/Dependency_ratio" title="Dependency ratio">dependency rate</a> is 7.51 dependents per 100 working age persons.<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: right;"> <tbody><tr> <th> </th> <th width="70">Total population </th> <th width="70">Proportion<br />aged 0–14<br />(%) </th> <th width="70">Proportion<br />aged 15–64<br />(%) </th> <th width="70">Proportion<br />aged 65+<br />(%) </th></tr> <tr> <td>1950 </td> <td>3 221 000</td> <td>39.6</td> <td>56.7</td> <td>3.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1955 </td> <td>3 516 000</td> <td>39.7</td> <td>56.9</td> <td>3.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1960 </td> <td>3 869 000</td> <td>40.3</td> <td>56.5</td> <td>3.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1965 </td> <td>4 275 000</td> <td>41.7</td> <td>54.9</td> <td>3.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1970 </td> <td>4 713 000</td> <td>41.8</td> <td>54.5</td> <td>3.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1975 </td> <td>5 144 000</td> <td>41.3</td> <td>54.8</td> <td>3.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1980 </td> <td>5 692 000</td> <td>41.1</td> <td>54.9</td> <td>4.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1985 </td> <td>6 389 000</td> <td>42.2</td> <td>53.8</td> <td>4.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1990 </td> <td>7 110 000</td> <td>43.1</td> <td>52.9</td> <td>4.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1995 </td> <td>7 838 000</td> <td>42.6</td> <td>53.5</td> <td>3.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2000 </td> <td>8 578 000</td> <td>40.3</td> <td>55.7</td> <td>4.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2005 </td> <td>9 261 000</td> <td>38.1</td> <td>57.8</td> <td>4.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2010 </td> <td>10,085,214</td> <td>36.2</td> <td>59.7</td> <td>4.5 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Structure_of_the_population">Structure of the population</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Haiti&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Structure of the population"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="background:#EEBC35;">Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01.VII.2010) (Projections produced by l’Institut Haïtien de Statistique et d’Informatique (IHSI) and the Latin American and Caribbean Demographic Centre (CELADE) - Population Division of ECLAC.): <sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style=""> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th width="80">Age Group </th> <th width="80">Male </th> <th width="80">Female </th> <th width="80">Total </th> <th width="80">% </th></tr> <tr> <td align="right">Total </td> <td align="right">4 993 731 </td> <td align="right">5 091 483 </td> <td align="right">10 085 214 </td> <td align="right">100 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">0–4 </td> <td align="right">644 550 </td> <td align="right">618 772 </td> <td align="right">1 263 322 </td> <td align="right">12.53 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">5–9 </td> <td align="right">608 495 </td> <td align="right">586 984 </td> <td align="right">1 195 479 </td> <td align="right">11.85 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">10–14 </td> <td align="right">588 618 </td> <td align="right">569 860 </td> <td align="right">1 158 478 </td> <td align="right">11.49 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">15–19 </td> <td align="right">551 467 </td> <td align="right">540 897 </td> <td align="right">1 092 364 </td> <td align="right">10.83 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">20–24 </td> <td align="right">509 042 </td> <td align="right">510 547 </td> <td align="right">1 019 589 </td> <td align="right">10.11 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">25–29 </td> <td align="right">454 123 </td> <td align="right">465 513 </td> <td align="right">919 636 </td> <td align="right">9.12 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">30–34 </td> <td align="right">340 518 </td> <td align="right">362 078 </td> <td align="right">702 596 </td> <td align="right">6.97 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">35–39 </td> <td align="right">261 157 </td> <td align="right">286 847 </td> <td align="right">548 004 </td> <td align="right">5.43 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">40–44 </td> <td align="right">235 182 </td> <td align="right">253 300 </td> <td align="right">488 482 </td> <td align="right">4.84 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">45–49 </td> <td align="right">204 077 </td> <td align="right">219 300 </td> <td align="right">423 377 </td> <td align="right">4.20 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">50–54 </td> <td align="right">166 418 </td> <td align="right">176 495 </td> <td align="right">342 913 </td> <td align="right">3.40 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">55–59 </td> <td align="right">136 034 </td> <td align="right">148 697 </td> <td align="right">284 731 </td> <td align="right">2.82 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">60–64 </td> <td align="right">95 939 </td> <td align="right">110 896 </td> <td align="right">206 835 </td> <td align="right">2.05 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">65–69 </td> <td align="right">81 854 </td> <td align="right">94 044 </td> <td align="right">175 898 </td> <td align="right">1.74 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">70–74 </td> <td align="right">58 181 </td> <td align="right">71 255 </td> <td align="right">129 436 </td> <td align="right">1.28 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">75–79 </td> <td align="right">35 538 </td> <td align="right">45 360 </td> <td align="right">80 898 </td> <td align="right">0.80 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">80+ </td> <td align="right">22 538 </td> <td align="right">30 638 </td> <td align="right">53 176 </td> <td align="right">0.53 </td></tr> <tr> <th width="50">Age group </th> <th width="80">Male </th> <th width="80">Female </th> <th width="80">Total </th> <th width="50">Percent </th></tr> <tr> <td align="right">0–14 </td> <td align="right">1 841 663 </td> <td align="right">1 775 999 </td> <td align="right">3 617 229 </td> <td align="right">35.87 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">15–64 </td> <td align="right">2 953 957 </td> <td align="right">3 074 620 </td> <td align="right">6 028 577 </td> <td align="right">59.78 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">65+ </td> <td align="right">198 111 </td> <td align="right">241 297 </td> <td align="right">439 408 </td> <td align="right">4.36 </td></tr> </tbody></table> </div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="background:#EEBC35;">Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01.VII.2011) (Projections produced by l’Institut Haïtien de Statistique et d’Informatique (IHSI) and the Latin American and Caribbean Demographic Centre (CELADE) - Population Division of ECLAC.): <sup id="cite_ref-auto2_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto2-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style=""> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th width="80">Age Group </th> <th width="80">Male </th> <th width="80">Female </th> <th width="80">Total </th> <th width="80">% </th></tr> <tr> <td align="right">Total </td> <td align="right">5 075 517 </td> <td align="right">5 172 789 </td> <td align="right">10 248 306 </td> <td align="right">100 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">0–4 </td> <td align="right">647 465 </td> <td align="right">621 432 </td> <td align="right">1 268 897 </td> <td align="right">12.38 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">5–9 </td> <td align="right">611 472 </td> <td align="right">589 690 </td> <td align="right">1 201 161 </td> <td align="right">11.72 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">10–14 </td> <td align="right">591 018 </td> <td align="right">572 066 </td> <td align="right">1 163 085 </td> <td align="right">11.35 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">15–19 </td> <td align="right">556 085 </td> <td align="right">544 798 </td> <td align="right">1 100 883 </td> <td align="right">10.74 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">20–24 </td> <td align="right">514 235 </td> <td align="right">514 898 </td> <td align="right">1 029 132 </td> <td align="right">10.04 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">25–29 </td> <td align="right">465 396 </td> <td align="right">475 451 </td> <td align="right">940 847 </td> <td align="right">9.18 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">30–34 </td> <td align="right">358 927 </td> <td align="right">379 066 </td> <td align="right">737 993 </td> <td align="right">7.20 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">35–39 </td> <td align="right">270 574 </td> <td align="right">296 362 </td> <td align="right">566 936 </td> <td align="right">5.53 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">40–44 </td> <td align="right">237 754 </td> <td align="right">257 273 </td> <td align="right">495 026 </td> <td align="right">4.83 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">45–49 </td> <td align="right">208 671 </td> <td align="right">224 746 </td> <td align="right">433 416 </td> <td align="right">4.23 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">50–54 </td> <td align="right">171 468 </td> <td align="right">182 332 </td> <td align="right">353 800 </td> <td align="right">3.45 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">55–59 </td> <td align="right">140 392 </td> <td align="right">152 742 </td> <td align="right">293 134 </td> <td align="right">2.86 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">60–64 </td> <td align="right">99 846 </td> <td align="right">114 973 </td> <td align="right">214 819 </td> <td align="right">2.10 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">65–69 </td> <td align="right">82 201 </td> <td align="right">94 868 </td> <td align="right">177 069 </td> <td align="right">1.73 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">70–74 </td> <td align="right">59 833 </td> <td align="right">72 957 </td> <td align="right">132 790 </td> <td align="right">1.30 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">75–79 </td> <td align="right">36 751 </td> <td align="right">47 083 </td> <td align="right">83 834 </td> <td align="right">0.82 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">80+ </td> <td align="right">23 431 </td> <td align="right">32 053 </td> <td align="right">55 484 </td> <td align="right">0.54 </td></tr> <tr> <th width="50">Age group </th> <th width="80">Male </th> <th width="80">Female </th> <th width="80">Total </th> <th width="50">Percent </th></tr> <tr> <td align="right">0–14 </td> <td align="right">1 849 955 </td> <td align="right">1 783 188 </td> <td align="right">3 633 143 </td> <td align="right">35.45 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">15–64 </td> <td align="right">3 023 346 </td> <td align="right">3 142 640 </td> <td align="right">6 165 986 </td> <td align="right">60.17 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">65+ </td> <td align="right">202 216 </td> <td align="right">246 961 </td> <td align="right">449 177 </td> <td align="right">4.38 </td></tr> </tbody></table> </div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214851843"><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="background:#EEBC35;">Population Estimates by Sex and Age Group (01.VII.2018) (Projections produced by l’Institut Haïtien de Statistique et d’Informatique (IHSI) and the Latin American and Caribbean Demographic Centre (CELADE) - Population Division of ECLAC.): <sup id="cite_ref-auto2_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto2-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style=""> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th width="80pt">Age Group </th> <th width="80pt">Male </th> <th width="80pt">Female </th> <th width="80pt">Total </th> <th width="80pt">% </th></tr> <tr> <td align="right">Total </td> <td align="right">5 659 140 </td> <td align="right">5 752 387 </td> <td align="right">11 411 527 </td> <td align="right">100 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">0–4 </td> <td align="right">661 535 </td> <td align="right">634 371 </td> <td align="right">1 295 906 </td> <td align="right">11.36 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">5–9 </td> <td align="right">635 927 </td> <td align="right">611 692 </td> <td align="right">1 247 619 </td> <td align="right">10.93 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">10–14 </td> <td align="right">608 695 </td> <td align="right">588 396 </td> <td align="right">1 197 091 </td> <td align="right">10.49 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">15–19 </td> <td align="right">580 801 </td> <td align="right">565 986 </td> <td align="right">1 146 787 </td> <td align="right">10.05 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">20–24 </td> <td align="right">547 618 </td> <td align="right">542 296 </td> <td align="right">1 089 914 </td> <td align="right">9.55 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">25–29 </td> <td align="right">504 926 </td> <td align="right">508 355 </td> <td align="right">1 013 281 </td> <td align="right">8.88 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">30–34 </td> <td align="right">463 541 </td> <td align="right">473 269 </td> <td align="right">936 810 </td> <td align="right">8.21 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">35–39 </td> <td align="right">387 698 </td> <td align="right">405 499 </td> <td align="right">793 197 </td> <td align="right">6.95 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">40–44 </td> <td align="right">285 013 </td> <td align="right">309 823 </td> <td align="right">594 836 </td> <td align="right">5.21 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">45–49 </td> <td align="right">230 537 </td> <td align="right">254 629 </td> <td align="right">485 166 </td> <td align="right">4.25 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">50–54 </td> <td align="right">206 255 </td> <td align="right">224 859 </td> <td align="right">431 114 </td> <td align="right">3.78 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">55–59 </td> <td align="right">170 991 </td> <td align="right">186 498 </td> <td align="right">357 489 </td> <td align="right">3.13 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">60–64 </td> <td align="right">134 300 </td> <td align="right">148 115 </td> <td align="right">282 415 </td> <td align="right">2.47 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">65–69 </td> <td align="right">97 454 </td> <td align="right">113 753 </td> <td align="right">211 207 </td> <td align="right">1.85 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">70–74 </td> <td align="right">66 084 </td> <td align="right">80 979 </td> <td align="right">147 063 </td> <td align="right">1.29 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">75–79 </td> <td align="right">46 188 </td> <td align="right">58 733 </td> <td align="right">104 921 </td> <td align="right">0.92 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">80+ </td> <td align="right">31 576 </td> <td align="right">45 134 </td> <td align="right">76 710 </td> <td align="right">0.67 </td></tr> <tr> <th width="50">Age group </th> <th width="80pt">Male </th> <th width="80">Female </th> <th width="80">Total </th> <th width="50">Percent </th></tr> <tr> <td align="right">0–14 </td> <td align="right">1 906 157 </td> <td align="right">1 834 459 </td> <td align="right">3 740 616 </td> <td align="right">32.78 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">15–64 </td> <td align="right">3 511 681 </td> <td align="right">3 619 329 </td> <td align="right">7 131 010 </td> <td align="right">62.49 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">65+ </td> <td align="right">241 302 </td> <td align="right">298 599 </td> <td align="right">539 901 </td> <td align="right">4.73 </td></tr> </tbody></table> </div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vital_statistics">Vital statistics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Haiti&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Vital statistics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The registration of vital events in Haiti is incomplete. The Population Department of the <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> prepared the following estimates. Population estimates account for under numeration in population censuses.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right"> <tbody><tr> <th> </th> <th style="width:80pt;">Mid-year population (thousands) </th> <th style="width:80pt;">Live births (thousands) </th> <th style="width:80pt;">Deaths (thousands) </th> <th style="width:80pt;">Natural change (thousands) </th> <th style="width:80pt;">Crude birth rate (per 1000) </th> <th style="width:80pt;">Crude death rate (per 1000) </th> <th style="width:80pt;">Natural change (per 1000) </th> <th style="width:80pt;"><a href="/wiki/Total_fertility_rate" title="Total fertility rate">Total fertility rate</a> (TFR) </th> <th style="width:80pt;"><a href="/wiki/Infant_mortality" title="Infant mortality">Infant mortality</a> (per 1000 live births) </th> <th style="width:80pt;"><a href="/wiki/Life_expectancy" title="Life expectancy">Life expectancy</a> (in years) </th></tr> <tr> <td>1950 </td> <td>3 247 </td> <td style="color:red;">151 </td> <td>87 </td> <td style="color:red;">63 </td> <td style="color:blue;">46.3 </td> <td style="color:red;">26.8 </td> <td>19.5 </td> <td style="color:blue;">6.25 </td> <td>248.2 </td> <td>37.48 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1951 </td> <td>  3 302 </td> <td>  152 </td> <td>  87 </td> <td>  65 </td> <td>46.0 </td> <td>26.4 </td> <td>19.6 </td> <td>6.24 </td> <td>243.7 </td> <td>37.91 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1952 </td> <td>  3 359 </td> <td>  154 </td> <td>  86 </td> <td>  68 </td> <td>45.8 </td> <td>25.5 </td> <td>20.2 </td> <td>6.24 </td> <td>235.1 </td> <td>38.83 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1953 </td> <td>  3 419 </td> <td>  156 </td> <td>  85 </td> <td>  71 </td> <td>45.5 </td> <td>24.7 </td> <td>20.7 </td> <td>6.23 </td> <td>227.1 </td> <td>39.70 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1954 </td> <td>  3 481 </td> <td>  157 </td> <td>  84 </td> <td>  73 </td> <td>45.2 </td> <td>24.1 </td> <td>21.0 </td> <td>6.22 </td> <td>220.0 </td> <td>40.29 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1955 </td> <td>  3 546 </td> <td>  160 </td> <td>  83 </td> <td>  77 </td> <td>45.0 </td> <td>23.3 </td> <td>21.7 </td> <td>6.23 </td> <td>212.9 </td> <td>41.26 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1956 </td> <td>  3 614 </td> <td>  162 </td> <td style="color:blue;">82 </td> <td>  80 </td> <td>44.8 </td> <td>22.7 </td> <td>22.1 </td> <td>6.23 </td> <td>206.9 </td> <td>41.96 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1957 </td> <td>  3 684 </td> <td>  163 </td> <td>  82 </td> <td>  81 </td> <td>44.3 </td> <td>22.3 </td> <td>22.0 </td> <td>6.20 </td> <td>203.4 </td> <td>42.36 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1958 </td> <td>  3 755 </td> <td>  166 </td> <td>  83 </td> <td>  84 </td> <td>44.2 </td> <td>21.9 </td> <td>22.3 </td> <td>6.22 </td> <td>199.8 </td> <td>42.77 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1959 </td> <td>  3 828 </td> <td>  169 </td> <td>  83 </td> <td>  86 </td> <td>44.0 </td> <td>21.6 </td> <td>22.4 </td> <td>6.23 </td> <td>196.6 </td> <td>43.12 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1960 </td> <td>  3 901 </td> <td>  170 </td> <td>  83 </td> <td>  87 </td> <td>43.6 </td> <td>21.3 </td> <td>22.3 </td> <td>6.21 </td> <td>193.3 </td> <td>43.50 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1961 </td> <td>  3 975 </td> <td>  173 </td> <td>  83 </td> <td>  89 </td> <td>43.3 </td> <td>20.9 </td> <td>22.4 </td> <td>6.20 </td> <td>190.1 </td> <td>43.91 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1962 </td> <td>  4 050 </td> <td>  175 </td> <td>  83 </td> <td>  91 </td> <td>43.0 </td> <td>20.6 </td> <td>22.5 </td> <td>6.19 </td> <td>187.0 </td> <td>44.29 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1963 </td> <td>  4 122 </td> <td>  177 </td> <td>  89 </td> <td>  87 </td> <td>42.8 </td> <td>21.6 </td> <td>21.2 </td> <td>6.18 </td> <td>188.4 </td> <td>42.77 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1964 </td> <td>  4 196 </td> <td>  179 </td> <td>  84 </td> <td>  95 </td> <td>42.5 </td> <td>19.9 </td> <td>22.6 </td> <td>6.18 </td> <td>181.0 </td> <td>44.97 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1965 </td> <td>  4 274 </td> <td>  180 </td> <td>  84 </td> <td>  96 </td> <td>42.0 </td> <td>19.6 </td> <td>22.4 </td> <td>6.12 </td> <td>178.0 </td> <td>45.35 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1966 </td> <td>  4 353 </td> <td>  181 </td> <td>  84 </td> <td>  97 </td> <td>41.5 </td> <td>19.4 </td> <td>22.1 </td> <td>6.07 </td> <td>175.2 </td> <td>45.59 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1967 </td> <td>  4 433 </td> <td>  183 </td> <td>  84 </td> <td>  99 </td> <td>41.1 </td> <td>18.9 </td> <td>22.2 </td> <td>6.03 </td> <td>171.8 </td> <td>46.13 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1968 </td> <td>  4 514 </td> <td>  184 </td> <td>  84 </td> <td>  100 </td> <td>40.7 </td> <td>18.6 </td> <td>22.1 </td> <td>5.97 </td> <td>168.5 </td> <td>46.51 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1969 </td> <td>  4 597 </td> <td>  186 </td> <td>  84 </td> <td>  102 </td> <td>40.3 </td> <td>18.3 </td> <td>22.1 </td> <td>5.93 </td> <td>165.2 </td> <td>46.92 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1970 </td> <td>  4 681 </td> <td>  188 </td> <td>  84 </td> <td>  103 </td> <td>40.0 </td> <td>17.9 </td> <td>22.0 </td> <td>5.87 </td> <td>162.0 </td> <td>47.34 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1971 </td> <td>  4 766 </td> <td>  189 </td> <td>  84 </td> <td>  105 </td> <td>39.6 </td> <td>17.6 </td> <td>21.9 </td> <td>5.80 </td> <td>158.6 </td> <td>47.72 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1972 </td> <td>  4 853 </td> <td>  191 </td> <td>  85 </td> <td>  106 </td> <td>39.2 </td> <td>17.4 </td> <td>21.8 </td> <td>5.72 </td> <td>155.3 </td> <td>47.95 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1973 </td> <td>  4 941 </td> <td>  192 </td> <td>  85 </td> <td>  107 </td> <td>38.8 </td> <td>17.2 </td> <td>21.6 </td> <td>5.65 </td> <td>151.6 </td> <td>48.21 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1974 </td> <td>  5 031 </td> <td>  197 </td> <td>  86 </td> <td>  111 </td> <td>39.0 </td> <td>17.1 </td> <td>21.9 </td> <td>5.66 </td> <td>148.0 </td> <td>48.42 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1975 </td> <td>  5 125 </td> <td>  202 </td> <td>  87 </td> <td>  115 </td> <td>39.3 </td> <td>17.0 </td> <td>22.3 </td> <td>5.69 </td> <td>144.6 </td> <td>48.68 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1976 </td> <td>  5 222 </td> <td>  207 </td> <td>  88 </td> <td>  119 </td> <td>39.5 </td> <td>16.9 </td> <td>22.7 </td> <td>5.69 </td> <td>141.0 </td> <td>48.96 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1977 </td> <td>  5 324 </td> <td>  212 </td> <td>  89 </td> <td>  123 </td> <td>39.8 </td> <td>16.7 </td> <td>23.0 </td> <td>5.68 </td> <td>137.7 </td> <td>49.21 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1978 </td> <td>  5 429 </td> <td>  217 </td> <td>  91 </td> <td>  126 </td> <td>39.8 </td> <td>16.6 </td> <td>23.2 </td> <td>5.67 </td> <td>134.4 </td> <td>49.43 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1979 </td> <td>  5 536 </td> <td>  222 </td> <td>  92 </td> <td>  130 </td> <td>39.9 </td> <td>16.5 </td> <td>23.4 </td> <td>5.67 </td> <td>131.3 </td> <td>49.68 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1980 </td> <td>  5 647 </td> <td>  226 </td> <td>  93 </td> <td>  133 </td> <td>40.0 </td> <td>16.4 </td> <td>23.6 </td> <td>5.65 </td> <td>128.4 </td> <td>49.90 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1981 </td> <td>  5 760 </td> <td>  231 </td> <td>  93 </td> <td>  138 </td> <td>40.1 </td> <td>16.1 </td> <td>23.9 </td> <td>5.67 </td> <td>125.4 </td> <td>50.27 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1982 </td> <td>  5 878 </td> <td>  237 </td> <td>  94 </td> <td>  143 </td> <td>40.2 </td> <td>16.0 </td> <td>24.2 </td> <td>5.70 </td> <td>122.4 </td> <td>50.55 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1983 </td> <td>  5 998 </td> <td>  239 </td> <td>  95 </td> <td>  145 </td> <td>39.8 </td> <td>15.7 </td> <td>24.1 </td> <td>5.66 </td> <td>119.5 </td> <td>50.87 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1984 </td> <td>  6 120 </td> <td>  243 </td> <td>  95 </td> <td>  148 </td> <td>39.6 </td> <td>15.5 </td> <td>24.1 </td> <td>5.63 </td> <td>116.8 </td> <td>51.12 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1985 </td> <td>  6 246 </td> <td>  248 </td> <td>  95 </td> <td>  153 </td> <td>39.6 </td> <td>15.2 </td> <td>24.4 </td> <td>5.62 </td> <td>114.0 </td> <td>51.52 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1986 </td> <td>  6 375 </td> <td>  252 </td> <td>  96 </td> <td>  157 </td> <td>39.5 </td> <td>15.0 </td> <td>24.5 </td> <td>5.61 </td> <td>111.3 </td> <td>51.88 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1987 </td> <td>  6 508 </td> <td>  257 </td> <td>  96 </td> <td>  161 </td> <td>39.3 </td> <td>14.7 </td> <td style="color:blue;">24.6 </td> <td>5.59 </td> <td>108.4 </td> <td>52.24 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1988 </td> <td>  6 645 </td> <td>  260 </td> <td>  96 </td> <td>  164 </td> <td>39.0 </td> <td>14.4 </td> <td>24.6 </td> <td>5.57 </td> <td>105.8 </td> <td>52.63 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1989 </td> <td>  6 784 </td> <td>  263 </td> <td>  97 </td> <td>  166 </td> <td>38.7 </td> <td>14.2 </td> <td>24.4 </td> <td>5.53 </td> <td>103.2 </td> <td>52.76 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1990 </td> <td>  6 925 </td> <td>  266 </td> <td>  97 </td> <td>  168 </td> <td>38.3 </td> <td>14.0 </td> <td>24.2 </td> <td>5.48 </td> <td>100.7 </td> <td>52.98 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1991 </td> <td>  7 066 </td> <td>  262 </td> <td>  97 </td> <td>  166 </td> <td>37.1 </td> <td>13.7 </td> <td>23.4 </td> <td>5.32 </td> <td>98.0 </td> <td>53.39 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1992 </td> <td>  7 206 </td> <td>  262 </td> <td>  96 </td> <td>  167 </td> <td>36.4 </td> <td>13.3 </td> <td>23.1 </td> <td>5.21 </td> <td>95.3 </td> <td>53.84 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1993 </td> <td>  7 346 </td> <td>  262 </td> <td>  95 </td> <td>  167 </td> <td>35.6 </td> <td>12.9 </td> <td>22.7 </td> <td>5.10 </td> <td>92.6 </td> <td>54.35 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1994 </td> <td>  7 486 </td> <td>  262 </td> <td>  95 </td> <td>  167 </td> <td>34.9 </td> <td>12.6 </td> <td>22.3 </td> <td>4.99 </td> <td>90.5 </td> <td>54.65 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1995 </td> <td>  7 627 </td> <td>  262 </td> <td>  92 </td> <td>  170 </td> <td>34.2 </td> <td>12.0 </td> <td>22.2 </td> <td>4.88 </td> <td>87.2 </td> <td>55.55 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1996 </td> <td>  7 771 </td> <td>  262 </td> <td>  91 </td> <td>  172 </td> <td>33.7 </td> <td>11.6 </td> <td>22.0 </td> <td>4.78 </td> <td>84.5 </td> <td>56.15 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1997 </td> <td>  7 915 </td> <td>  263 </td> <td>  90 </td> <td>  173 </td> <td>33.2 </td> <td>11.4 </td> <td>21.8 </td> <td>4.67 </td> <td>81.7 </td> <td>56.52 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1998 </td> <td>  8 061 </td> <td>  263 </td> <td>  89 </td> <td>  174 </td> <td>32.6 </td> <td>11.0 </td> <td>21.5 </td> <td>4.56 </td> <td>79.3 </td> <td>57.14 </td></tr> <tr> <td>1999 </td> <td>  8 209 </td> <td>  264 </td> <td>  87 </td> <td>  177 </td> <td>32.1 </td> <td>10.6 </td> <td>21.5 </td> <td>4.45 </td> <td>76.7 </td> <td>57.96 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2000 </td> <td>  8 360 </td> <td>  267 </td> <td>  87 </td> <td>  180 </td> <td>31.8 </td> <td>10.3 </td> <td>21.5 </td> <td>4.39 </td> <td>74.4 </td> <td>58.37 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2001 </td> <td>  8 512 </td> <td>  264 </td> <td>  87 </td> <td>  177 </td> <td>31.0 </td> <td>10.2 </td> <td>20.8 </td> <td>4.25 </td> <td>72.2 </td> <td>58.49 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2002 </td> <td>  8 662 </td> <td>  263 </td> <td>  87 </td> <td>  176 </td> <td>30.3 </td> <td>10.0 </td> <td>20.3 </td> <td>4.13 </td> <td>70.2 </td> <td>58.86 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2003 </td> <td>  8 812 </td> <td>  264 </td> <td>  86 </td> <td>  178 </td> <td>29.9 </td> <td>9.7 </td> <td>20.2 </td> <td>4.04 </td> <td>68.4 </td> <td>59.51 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2004 </td> <td>  8 961 </td> <td>  264 </td> <td>  91 </td> <td>  173 </td> <td>29.5 </td> <td>10.2 </td> <td>19.3 </td> <td>3.94 </td> <td>70.7 </td> <td>58.48 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2005 </td> <td>  9 112 </td> <td>  265 </td> <td>  84 </td> <td>  180 </td> <td>29.0 </td> <td>9.2 </td> <td>19.8 </td> <td>3.83 </td> <td>65.2 </td> <td>60.42 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2006 </td> <td>  9 266 </td> <td>  266 </td> <td>  84 </td> <td>  181 </td> <td>28.6 </td> <td>9.1 </td> <td>19.5 </td> <td>3.74 </td> <td>63.8 </td> <td>60.76 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2007 </td> <td>  9 421 </td> <td>  266 </td> <td>  84 </td> <td>  182 </td> <td>28.2 </td> <td>8.9 </td> <td>19.2 </td> <td>3.64 </td> <td>62.6 </td> <td>61.10 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2008 </td> <td>  9 575 </td> <td>  267 </td> <td>  85 </td> <td>  182 </td> <td>27.8 </td> <td>8.9 </td> <td>19.0 </td> <td>3.57 </td> <td>61.4 </td> <td>61.33 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2009 </td> <td>  9 731 </td> <td>  269 </td> <td>  85 </td> <td>  184 </td> <td>27.6 </td> <td>8.7 </td> <td>18.9 </td> <td>3.51 </td> <td>59.9 </td> <td>61.74 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2010 </td> <td>  9 843 </td> <td>  271 </td> <td style="color:red;">175 </td> <td>  96 </td> <td>27.5 </td> <td>17.7 </td> <td style="color:red;">9.8 </td> <td>3.47 </td> <td>75.9 </td> <td>46.02 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2011 </td> <td>  9 954 </td> <td>  271 </td> <td>  87 </td> <td>  184 </td> <td>27.2 </td> <td>8.8 </td> <td>18.4 </td> <td>3.41 </td> <td>58.3 </td> <td>61.62 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2012 </td> <td>  10 109 </td> <td>  269 </td> <td>  86 </td> <td>  183 </td> <td>26.6 </td> <td>8.5 </td> <td>18.1 </td> <td>3.30 </td> <td>56.7 </td> <td>62.29 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2013 </td> <td>  10 261 </td> <td>  268 </td> <td>  86 </td> <td>  182 </td> <td>26.1 </td> <td>8.4 </td> <td>17.7 </td> <td>3.22 </td> <td>55.3 </td> <td>62.61 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2014 </td> <td>  10 413 </td> <td>  269 </td> <td>  86 </td> <td>  183 </td> <td>25.8 </td> <td>8.2 </td> <td>17.5 </td> <td>3.16 </td> <td>54.1 </td> <td>62.99 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2015 </td> <td>  10 564 </td> <td>  270 </td> <td>  87 </td> <td>  183 </td> <td>25.5 </td> <td>8.2 </td> <td>17.3 </td> <td>3.11 </td> <td>52.8 </td> <td>63.24 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2016 </td> <td>  10 714 </td> <td>  271 </td> <td>  88 </td> <td>  183 </td> <td>25.3 </td> <td>8.2 </td> <td>17.1 </td> <td>3.06 </td> <td>51.8 </td> <td>63.39 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2017 </td> <td>  10 864 </td> <td style="color:blue">272 </td> <td>  87 </td> <td style="color:blue;">185 </td> <td>25.0 </td> <td style="color:blue;">8.0 </td> <td>17.0 </td> <td>3.02 </td> <td>50.2 </td> <td>63.85 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2018 </td> <td>  11 012 </td> <td>  271 </td> <td>  88 </td> <td>  183 </td> <td>24.6 </td> <td>8.0 </td> <td>16.6 </td> <td>2.96 </td> <td>48.9 </td> <td>64.02 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2019 </td> <td>  11 160 </td> <td>  272 </td> <td>  89 </td> <td>  183 </td> <td>24.3 </td> <td>8.0 </td> <td>16.4 </td> <td>2.92 </td> <td>47.8 </td> <td>64.26 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2020 </td> <td>  11 307 </td> <td>  271 </td> <td>  93 </td> <td>  178 </td> <td>23.9 </td> <td>8.2 </td> <td>15.8 </td> <td>2.87 </td> <td>46.7 </td> <td>64.05 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2021 </td> <td>  11 448 </td> <td>  269 </td> <td>  99 </td> <td>  170 </td> <td style="color:red;">23.5 </td> <td>8.7 </td> <td>14.8 </td> <td style="color:red;">2.81 </td> <td>46.0 </td> <td>63.19 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>While limited, some evidence suggests that large scale disasters can cause human populations to increase in the long term, rather than decrease.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Accordingly, in Haiti's case, some sources reported that a tripled fertility rate was expected after the <a href="/wiki/2010_Haiti_earthquake" title="2010 Haiti earthquake">2010 Haiti earthquake</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, data since then does not show a diversion from the pre-disaster trend of decreasing fertility rates. </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Notice plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-notice" role="presentation" style="width:100%;margin:0;"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/40px-Information_icon4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/60px-Information_icon4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/80px-Information_icon4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text" style="text-align: left;"><div class="mbox-text-span">Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on <a href="https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334940" class="extiw" title="phab:T334940">Phabricator</a> and on <a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Graph/Plans" class="extiw" title="mw:Extension:Graph/Plans">MediaWiki.org</a>.</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Notice plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-notice" role="presentation" style="width:100%;margin:0;"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/40px-Information_icon4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/60px-Information_icon4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/80px-Information_icon4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text" style="text-align: left;"><div class="mbox-text-span">Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. 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There is more info on <a href="https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334940" class="extiw" title="phab:T334940">Phabricator</a> and on <a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Graph/Plans" class="extiw" title="mw:Extension:Graph/Plans">MediaWiki.org</a>.</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Notice plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-notice" role="presentation" style="width:100%;margin:0;"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/40px-Information_icon4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/60px-Information_icon4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/80px-Information_icon4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text" style="text-align: left;"><div class="mbox-text-span">Graphs are unavailable due to technical issues. There is more info on <a href="https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T334940" class="extiw" title="phab:T334940">Phabricator</a> and on <a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Graph/Plans" class="extiw" title="mw:Extension:Graph/Plans">MediaWiki.org</a>.</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Births_and_deaths">Births and deaths</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Haiti&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Births and deaths"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th width="70">Year </th> <th width="70">Population </th> <th width="70">Live births </th> <th width="70">Deaths </th> <th width="70">Natural increase </th> <th width="70">Crude birth rate </th> <th width="70">Crude death rate </th> <th width="70">Rate of natural increase </th> <th width="70">TFR </th></tr> <tr> <td align="right">2005 </td> <td align="right">9,292,282 </td> <td align="right">~258,325 </td> <td align="right">~87,347 </td> <td align="right">~170,978 </td> <td align="right">27.8 </td> <td align="right">9.4 </td> <td align="right">18.4 </td> <td align="right">3.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">2006 </td> <td align="right">9,445,412 </td> <td align="right">~258,804 </td> <td align="right">~87,842 </td> <td align="right">~170,962 </td> <td align="right">27.4 </td> <td align="right">9.3 </td> <td align="right">18.2 </td> <td align="right">3.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">2007 </td> <td align="right">9,602,305 </td> <td align="right">~260,222 </td> <td align="right">~87,381 </td> <td align="right">~172,841 </td> <td align="right">27.1 </td> <td align="right">9.1 </td> <td align="right">18.0 </td> <td align="right">3.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">2008 </td> <td align="right">9,761,929 </td> <td align="right">~260,644 </td> <td align="right">~87,857 </td> <td align="right">~172,787 </td> <td align="right">26.7 </td> <td align="right">9.0 </td> <td align="right">17.7 </td> <td align="right">3.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">2009 </td> <td align="right">9,923,243 </td> <td align="right">~261,874 </td> <td align="right">~87,325 </td> <td align="right">~174,549 </td> <td align="right">26.4 </td> <td align="right">8.8 </td> <td align="right">17.6 </td> <td align="right">3.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">2010 </td> <td align="right">10,085,216 </td> <td align="right">~262,216 </td> <td align="right">~200,000 </td> <td align="right">~62,216 </td> <td align="right">26.0 </td> <td align="right">19.8 </td> <td align="right">6.2 </td> <td align="right">3.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">2011 </td> <td align="right">10,248,306 </td> <td align="right">~265,431 </td> <td align="right">~88,135 </td> <td align="right">~177,296 </td> <td align="right">25.9 </td> <td align="right">8.6 </td> <td align="right">17.3 </td> <td align="right"> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">2012 </td> <td align="right">10,413,211 </td> <td align="right">~267,620 </td> <td align="right">~88,512 </td> <td align="right">~179,108 </td> <td align="right">25.7 </td> <td align="right">8.5 </td> <td align="right">17.2 </td> <td align="right">3.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">2013 </td> <td align="right">10,579,230 </td> <td align="right">~247,025 </td> <td align="right">~84,634 </td> <td align="right">~162,391 </td> <td align="right">23.35 </td> <td align="right">8 </td> <td align="right">15.35 </td> <td align="right">2.88 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Number of births and deaths are calculated based on Crude Birth and Death Rates.</b><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fertility_and_births">Fertility and births</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Haiti&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Fertility and births"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Total_Fertility_Rate" class="mw-redirect" title="Total Fertility Rate">Total Fertility Rate</a> (TFR) (Wanted Fertility Rate) and Crude Birth Rate (CBR):<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:50pt;">Year </th> <th style="width:50pt;">CBR (Total) </th> <th style="width:50pt;">TFR (Total) </th> <th style="width:50pt;">CBR (Urban) </th> <th style="width:50pt;">TFR (Urban) </th> <th style="width:50pt;">CBR (Rural) </th> <th style="width:50pt;">TFR (Rural) </th></tr> <tr> <td>1994–95 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">34 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4.8 (3.0) </td> <td style="text-align:right;">31 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3.3 (2.2) </td> <td style="text-align:right;">35 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5.9 (3.7) </td></tr> <tr> <td>2000 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">32.6 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4.7 (2.7) </td> <td style="text-align:right;">29.4 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3.3 (2.0) </td> <td style="text-align:right;">34.0 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5.8 (3.4) </td></tr> <tr> <td>2005–2006 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">28.7 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4.0 (2.4) </td> <td style="text-align:right;">26.2 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2.8 (1.8) </td> <td style="text-align:right;">30.1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">5.0 (2.9) </td></tr> <tr> <td>2012 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">27.8 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3.5 (2.2) </td> <td style="text-align:right;">24.4 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2.6 (1.9) </td> <td style="text-align:right;">29.4 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4.4 (2.6) </td></tr> <tr> <td>2016–17 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">24.3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3.0 (1.9) </td> <td style="text-align:right;">21.1 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2.1 (1.5) </td> <td style="text-align:right;">26.3 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3.9 (2.3) </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_sources_of_demographic_statistics">Other sources of demographic statistics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Haiti&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Other sources of demographic statistics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Cleanup_reorganize plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Ambox_rewrite.svg/40px-Ambox_rewrite.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Ambox_rewrite.svg/60px-Ambox_rewrite.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Ambox_rewrite.svg/80px-Ambox_rewrite.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>may be in need of reorganization to comply with Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Layout" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Layout">layout guidelines</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Haiti&action=edit">editing the article</a> to make improvements to the overall structure.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Demographic statistics below are based on the 2022 World Population Review.<sup id="cite_ref-WPR2022_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WPR2022-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>One birth every 2 minutes</li> <li>One death every 5 minutes</li> <li>One net migrant every 16 minutes</li> <li>Net gain of one person every 4 minutes</li></ul> <p>Demographic statistics below are based on the <a href="/wiki/CIA_World_Factbook" class="mw-redirect" title="CIA World Factbook">CIA World Factbook</a>, unless otherwise indicated.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Population">Population</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Haiti&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Population"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>11,334,637 (2022 est.)</dd> <dd>10,788,440 (July 2018 est.)</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ethnic_composition">Ethnic composition</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Haiti&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Ethnic composition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Black 95%, mixed and White 5% </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Age_structure">Age structure</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Haiti&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Age structure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Haiti_single_age_population_pyramid_2020.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Haiti_single_age_population_pyramid_2020.png/350px-Haiti_single_age_population_pyramid_2020.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="281" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Haiti_single_age_population_pyramid_2020.png/525px-Haiti_single_age_population_pyramid_2020.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Haiti_single_age_population_pyramid_2020.png/700px-Haiti_single_age_population_pyramid_2020.png 2x" data-file-width="2212" data-file-height="1777" /></a><figcaption>Population pyramid of Haiti in 2020</figcaption></figure><p>Haiti's <a href="/wiki/Population_pyramid" title="Population pyramid">population pyramid</a> can be categorized as "expansive," indicating a growing population. However, it is categorized as being at stage 3 of <a href="/wiki/Demographic_transition" title="Demographic transition">demographic transition</a>, as the birth and death rate are falling and net population is increasing at a slower rate. </p><dl><dd><i>0-14 years:</i> 31.21% (male 1,719,961/female 1,734,566)</dd> <dd><i>15-24 years:</i> 20.71% (male 1,145,113/female 1,146,741)</dd> <dd><i>25-54 years:</i> 38.45% (male 2,110,294/female 2,145,209)</dd> <dd><i>55-64 years:</i> 5.3% (male 280,630/female 305,584)</dd> <dd><i>65 years and over:</i> 4.33% (2020 est.) (male 210,451/female 269,228)</dd></dl> <dl><dd><i>0-14 years:</i> 32.27% (male 1,733,920 / female 1,747,387)</dd> <dd><i>15-24 years:</i> 21.11% (male 1,139,188 / female 1,137,754)</dd> <dd><i>25-54 years:</i> 37.32% (male 1,997,816 / female 2,028,495)</dd> <dd><i>55-64 years:</i> 5.1% (male 262,494 / female 287,515)</dd> <dd><i>65 years and over:</i> 4.21% (male 199,617 / female 254,254) (2018 est.)</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Birth_rate"><a href="/wiki/Birth_rate" title="Birth rate">Birth rate</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Haiti&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Birth rate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>21.12 births/1,000 population (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 65th</dd> <dd>22.6 births/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country ranking: 65/195</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Death_rate"><a href="/wiki/Mortality_rate" title="Mortality rate">Death rate</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Haiti&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Death rate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>7.23 deaths/1,000 population (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 113rd</dd> <dd>7.5 deaths/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 111st</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Total_fertility_rate"><a href="/wiki/Total_fertility_rate" title="Total fertility rate">Total fertility rate</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Haiti&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Total fertility rate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>2.43 children born/woman (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 72nd</dd> <dd>2.66 children born/woman (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 65th</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Net_migration_rate"><a href="/wiki/Net_migration_rate" title="Net migration rate">Net migration rate</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Haiti&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Net migration rate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>-1.88 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 169th</dd> <dd>-2 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 163rd</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Population_growth_rate">Population growth rate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Haiti&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Population growth rate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>1.2% (2022 est.) Country comparison to the world: 77th</dd> <dd>1.31% (2018 est.) Country comparison to the world: 84th</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Median_age">Median age</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Haiti&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Median age"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>total: 24.1 years. Country comparison to the world: 167th male: 23.8 years female: 24.3 years (2020 est.) </p> <dl><dd>Total: 23.3 years. Country ranking: 172/195</dd> <dd>Male: 23.1 years</dd> <dd>Female: 23.6 years (2018 est.)</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mother's_mean_age_at_first_birth"><span id="Mother.27s_mean_age_at_first_birth"></span>Mother's mean age at first birth</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Haiti&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Mother's mean age at first birth"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>22.8 years (2016/7 est.)</dd> <dd>note: median age at first birth among women 25-29</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Contraceptive_prevalence_rate">Contraceptive prevalence rate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Haiti&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Contraceptive prevalence rate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>34.3% (2016/17)</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dependency_ratios"><a href="/wiki/Dependency_ratio" title="Dependency ratio">Dependency ratios</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Haiti&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Dependency ratios"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>total dependency ratio: 62.3 (2015 est.)</dd> <dd>youth dependency ratio: 54.8 (2015 est.)</dd> <dd>elderly dependency ratio: 7.5 (2015 est.)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Potential_support_ratio" title="Potential support ratio">potential support ratio</a>: 13.3 (2015 est.)</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Life_expectancy_at_birth">Life expectancy at birth</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Haiti&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Life expectancy at birth"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Life_expectancy_by_WBG_-Haiti_-diff.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Life_expectancy_by_WBG_-Haiti_-diff.png/300px-Life_expectancy_by_WBG_-Haiti_-diff.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="206" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Life_expectancy_by_WBG_-Haiti_-diff.png/450px-Life_expectancy_by_WBG_-Haiti_-diff.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Life_expectancy_by_WBG_-Haiti_-diff.png/600px-Life_expectancy_by_WBG_-Haiti_-diff.png 2x" data-file-width="1153" data-file-height="793" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Life_expectancy_at_birth" class="mw-redirect" title="Life expectancy at birth">Life expectancy at birth</a> in Haiti</figcaption></figure> <dl><dd>total population: 64.6 years</dd> <dd>male: 61.9 years</dd> <dd>female: 67.2 years (2018 est.)</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Urbanization">Urbanization</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Haiti&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Urbanization"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>urban population: 58.8% of total population (2022)</dd> <dd>rate of urbanization: 2.47% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)</dd></dl> <dl><dd>urban population: 55.3% of total population (2018)</dd> <dd>rate of urbanization: 2.9% annual rate of change (2015-20 est.)</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religions">Religions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Haiti&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Religions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>Catholic 55%, Protestant 29%, Vodou 2.1%, other 4.6%, none 10% (2018 est.)</dd> <dd>note: 50-80% of Haitians incorporate some elements of Vodou culture or practice in addition to another religion, most often Roman Catholicism; Vodou was recognized as an official religion in 2003</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Education_expenditures">Education expenditures</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Haiti&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Education expenditures"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>1.7% of GDP (2018) Country comparison to the world: 183rd</dd> <dd>2.4% of GDP (2016) Country comparison to the world: 162nd</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Literacy">Literacy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Haiti&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Literacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Definition: age 15 and over can read and write (2015 est.) </p> <dl><dd>total population: 61.7%</dd> <dd>male: 65.3%</dd> <dd>female: 58.3% (2016)</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Major_infectious_diseases">Major infectious diseases</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Haiti&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Major infectious diseases"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>degree of risk: very high (2020)</dd> <dd>food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A and E, and typhoid fever</dd> <dd>vectorborne diseases: dengue fever and malaria</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Languages">Languages</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Haiti&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Languages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Ta%C3%ADno_language" title="Taíno language">Taíno</a> was the major pre-Columbian language in the region of what is <i>Haiti</i> (or <i>Ayti</i>), a name referring to the entire island of <a href="/wiki/Hispaniola" title="Hispaniola">Hispaniola</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The phrase means "land of high mountains."<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Today, the Republic of Haiti has two official languages, <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a> and <a href="/wiki/Haitian_Creole" title="Haitian Creole">Haitian Creole</a>. Haitian Creole is a French-based <a href="/wiki/Creole_language" title="Creole language">creole</a> with 90% of its vocabulary derived from or influenced by <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_language" title="Portuguese language">Portuguese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ta%C3%ADno_language" title="Taíno language">Taíno</a>, and various West African languages.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> French is the primary written and administrative language (as well as the main language of the press) and is spoken by 42% of Haitians.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The language is generally spoken by educated Haitians, is the medium of instruction in most schools, and is used in the business sector. It is also spoken in ceremonial events such as weddings, graduations, and church masses. </p><p>Haiti is one of two independent nations in the Americas (along with <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>) to designate French as an <a href="/wiki/Official_language" title="Official language">official language</a>; other French-speaking areas are all <a href="/wiki/French_overseas_departments_and_territories" class="mw-redirect" title="French overseas departments and territories">overseas</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Departments_of_France" title="Departments of France">départements</a></i>, or <i><a href="/wiki/Overseas_collectivity" title="Overseas collectivity">collectivités</a>,</i> of France. Haitian Creole,<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which was recently standardized, is spoken by virtually the entire population of Haiti.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is related to the other <a href="/wiki/French-based_creole_languages" title="French-based creole languages">French creoles</a> but most closely to the <a href="/wiki/Antillean_Creole" title="Antillean Creole">Antillean Creole</a> and <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Creole_French" class="mw-redirect" title="Louisiana Creole French">Louisiana Creole</a> variants. </p><p>Spanish is spoken by some Haitians along the border with the <a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic" title="Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a>, as well as by some who have been deported from Spanish-speaking countries. <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> is used increasingly within the business sector, but only by a small proportion of the total population.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Religion">Religion</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Haiti&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Religion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Haiti" title="Religion in Haiti">Religion in Haiti</a> and <a href="/wiki/Haitian_Vodou" title="Haitian Vodou">Haitian Vodou</a></div> <p>The most common religions in Haiti are <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Roman Catholicism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pentecostalism" title="Pentecostalism">Pentecostalism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Baptist" class="mw-redirect" title="Baptist">Baptist</a>. The state religion is <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholicism">Roman Catholicism</a>, which is professed by 55–60% of the population. 30–35% of Haitians practice <a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestantism</a>, mostly <a href="/wiki/Pentecostalism" title="Pentecostalism">Pentecostalism</a>, which arrived in Haiti in the 1970s.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Almost 99% of Haitians claim to be a part of at least one religion, with a fraction of them practicing some part of <a href="/wiki/Haitian_Vodou" title="Haitian Vodou">Vodou</a> along with another religion.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Vodou bears similarities to Cuban <a href="/wiki/Santer%C3%ADa" title="Santería">Santeria</a> due to the large Cuban population in Haiti.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The practice of Vodou revolves around family spirits called <i>Lwa</i> that protect children. To repay the spirits, children perform two ceremonies where the <i>Lwa</i> are given gifts like food and drinks. The timing of the ceremonies depends on the monetary status of the family performing them; poorer families try to save money, waiting until there is a need to perform the rituals.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The practice of Vodou is rare among the urban elite. </p><p>Modern day Vodou has been shaped by both Protestant and Catholic Christianity. Under the rule of the Catholic French, the population was not allowed to practice <a href="/wiki/Haitian_Vodou" title="Haitian Vodou">Vodou</a>. However, they were occasionally allowed to have dances on the weekends. These dances were actually disguised Vodou services. The underground practice of Vodou continued until Haiti gained its independence in 1804. Most Haitians see practicing both Vodou and Christianity as normal due to their significant similarities. The Catholic Church, however, was not always as accepting of Vodou. In 1941–42, a <a href="/wiki/Religious_war" title="Religious war">holy war</a> was declared against Vodou, leading to the deaths of many high level religious officials in the Vodou religion. Persecution of the religion largely ended in 1950 when the Catholics gave up trying to prosecute those who practiced Vodou. Protestants, however, are still critical of the religion, often describing it as "devil worship".<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A fictionalized version of Vodou, commonly called "voodoo", has been used in American movies and by authors such as <a href="/wiki/H._P._Lovecraft" title="H. P. Lovecraft">H.P. Lovecraft</a>. Vodou and voodoo are not conceptually the same, although the idea of "voodoo" lives on in American pop culture.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Haiti&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Education_in_Haiti" title="Education in Haiti">Education in Haiti</a></div> <p>Although <a href="/wiki/Public_education" class="mw-redirect" title="Public education">public education</a> in Haiti at the primary level is free, <a href="/wiki/Private_school" title="Private school">private</a> and <a href="/wiki/Parochial_school" title="Parochial school">parochial</a> schools provide around 75% of educational programs offered to the public. </p><p>In recent years, several literacy campaigns launched by the Martelly administration have increased adult literacy in Haiti.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a> projects an overall literacy rate of 61.1% in Haiti by 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of December 2014, the World Bank has reported an increase in school enrollment from 78% to 90% in Haiti, close to the federal goal of universal child enrollment.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Labor">Labor</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Haiti&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Labor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2004, approximately 300,000 children were <a href="/wiki/Restavec" class="mw-redirect" title="Restavec">restavecs</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Indentured_servitude" title="Indentured servitude">indentured servants</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Cohen_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cohen-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Emigration">Emigration</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Haiti&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Emigration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Large-scale <a href="/wiki/Emigration" title="Emigration">emigration</a>, principally to the Dominican Republic, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a> (predominantly to <a href="/wiki/Quebec" title="Quebec">Quebec</a>) has created what Haitians refer to as the Eleventh Department or the <a href="/wiki/Diaspora" title="Diaspora">Diaspora</a>. Significant numbers of Haitians have also immigrated to <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a>, <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> and <a href="/wiki/French_Guiana" title="French Guiana">French Guiana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a>, the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> and <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile">Chile</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Bahamas" class="mw-redirect" title="Bahamas">Bahamas</a> and other <a href="/wiki/Caribbean" title="Caribbean">Caribbean</a> countries. Approximately one in every six Haitians lives abroad.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Immigration">Immigration</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Haiti&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Immigration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>45,000 <a href="/wiki/Americans" title="Americans">Americans</a> live in <a href="/wiki/Haiti" title="Haiti">Haiti</a>. They represent 0.4% of Haiti's total population.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Haiti&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://population.un.org/wpp/">"World Population Prospects - Population Division - United Nations"</a>. <i>population.un.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 October</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Esa.unorg&rft.atitle=Population+Division+of+the+Department+of+Economic+and+Social+Affairs+of+the+United+Nations+Secretariat%2C+World+Population+Prospects%3A+The+2012+Revision&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fesa.un.org%2Funpd%2Fwpp%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemographics+of+Haiti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto1-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-auto1_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.1564.TO.ZS">"Population ages 15-64 (% of total) - Data"</a>. <i>Data.worldbank.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 October</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=microdata.worldbank.org&rft.atitle=MEASURE+DHS%3A+Demographic+and+Health+Surveys&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmicrodata.worldbank.org%2Findex.php%2Fcatalog%2Fdhs%23_r%3D%26collection%3D%26country%3D%26dtype%3D%26from%3D1890%26page%3D7%26ps%3D%26sk%3D%26sort_by%3Dnation%26sort_order%3D%26to%3D2014%26topic%3D%26view%3Ds%26vk%3D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemographics+of+Haiti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WPR2022-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-WPR2022_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldpopulationreview.com/countries/haiti-population">"Haiti Population 2022"</a>, <i>World Population Review</i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=World+Population+Review&rft.atitle=Haiti+Population+2022&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fworldpopulationreview.com%2Fcountries%2Fhaiti-population&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemographics+of+Haiti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldpopulationreview.com/countries/haiti-population">"World Factbook CENTRAL AMERICA : HAITI"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_World_Factbook" title="The World Factbook">The World Factbook</a></i>, 2022</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+World+Factbook&rft.atitle=World+Factbook+CENTRAL+AMERICA+%3A+HAITI&rft.date=2022&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fworldpopulationreview.com%2Fcountries%2Fhaiti-population&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemographics+of+Haiti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGuitarFerbel-AzcárateEstevez2006" class="citation book cs1">Guitar, Lynne; Ferbel-Azcárate, Pedro; Estevez, Jorge (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qXZeQZMDpgYC&pg=PA41">"iii: Ocama-Daca Taíno (Hear me, I am Taíno)"</a>. <i>Indigenous Resurgence in the Contemporary Caribbean</i>. New York: Peter Lang Publishing. p. 41. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8204-7488-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-8204-7488-6"><bdi>0-8204-7488-6</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/LCCN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="LCCN (identifier)">LCCN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lccn.loc.gov/2005012816">2005012816</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 July</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=iii%3A+Ocama-Daca+Ta%C3%ADno+%28Hear+me%2C+I+am+Ta%C3%ADno%29&rft.btitle=Indigenous+Resurgence+in+the+Contemporary+Caribbean&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=41&rft.pub=Peter+Lang+Publishing&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Alccn%2F2005012816&rft.isbn=0-8204-7488-6&rft.aulast=Guitar&rft.aufirst=Lynne&rft.au=Ferbel-Azc%C3%A1rate%2C+Pedro&rft.au=Estevez%2C+Jorge&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DqXZeQZMDpgYC%26pg%3DPA41&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemographics+of+Haiti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSenauth2011" class="citation book cs1">Senauth, Frank (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QBdccuwnqY8C&q=ayiti+bohio+kiskeya&pg=PA1"><i>The Making and Destruction of Haiti</i></a>. Bloomington, Indiana, USA: <a href="/wiki/AuthorHouse" title="AuthorHouse">AuthorHouse</a>. p. 1. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4567-5384-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4567-5384-9"><bdi>978-1-4567-5384-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/LCCN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="LCCN (identifier)">LCCN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lccn.loc.gov/2011907203">2011907203</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Making+and+Destruction+of+Haiti&rft.place=Bloomington%2C+Indiana%2C+USA&rft.pages=1&rft.pub=AuthorHouse&rft.date=2011&rft_id=info%3Alccn%2F2011907203&rft.isbn=978-1-4567-5384-9&rft.aulast=Senauth&rft.aufirst=Frank&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQBdccuwnqY8C%26q%3Dayiti%2Bbohio%2Bkiskeya%26pg%3DPA1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemographics+of+Haiti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaydnVincent1860" class="citation web cs1">Haydn, Joseph; Vincent, Benjamin (1860). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=HOE8AAAAYAAJ&q=Dessalines+haiti+indian&pg=PA321">"A Dictionary of Dates Relating to All Ages and Nations: For Universal Reference Comprehending Remarkable Occurrences, Ancient and Modern, The Foundation, Laws, and Governments of Countries-Their Progress In Civilization, Industry, Arts and Science-Their Achievements In Arms-And Their Civil, Military, And Religious Institutions, And Particularly of the British Empire"</a>. p. 321<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 September</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=A+Dictionary+of+Dates+Relating+to+All+Ages+and+Nations%3A+For+Universal+Reference+Comprehending+Remarkable+Occurrences%2C+Ancient+and+Modern%2C+The+Foundation%2C+Laws%2C+and+Governments+of+Countries-Their+Progress+In+Civilization%2C+Industry%2C+Arts+and+Science-Their+Achievements+In+Arms-And+Their+Civil%2C+Military%2C+And+Religious+Institutions%2C+And+Particularly+of+the+British+Empire&rft.pages=321&rft.date=1860&rft.aulast=Haydn&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft.au=Vincent%2C+Benjamin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DHOE8AAAAYAAJ%26q%3DDessalines%2Bhaiti%2Bindian%26pg%3DPA321&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemographics+of+Haiti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBonenfant1989" class="citation web cs1">Bonenfant, Jacques L. (December 1989). Haggerty, Richard A. (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150924014030/http://www.fmuniv.edu/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/History_of_haitian_review_of_higher_education.pdf">"History of Haitian-Creole: From Pidgin to Lingua Franca and English Influence on the Language"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a> <a href="/wiki/Federal_Research_Division" title="Federal Research Division">Federal Research Division</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fmuniv.edu/wp-content/uploads/2013/12/History_of_haitian_review_of_higher_education.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2015-09-24<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-01-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+of+Haitian-Creole%3A+From+Pidgin+to+Lingua+Franca+and+English+Influence+on+the+Language&rft.pub=Library+of+Congress+Federal+Research+Division&rft.date=1989-12&rft.aulast=Bonenfant&rft.aufirst=Jacques+L.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fmuniv.edu%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2013%2F12%2FHistory_of_haitian_review_of_higher_education.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemographics+of+Haiti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150412002239/http://www.francophonie.org/Langue-Francaise-2014/projet/Rapport-OIF-2014.pdf"><i>La langue française dans le monde 2014</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Nathan. 2014. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-09-882654-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-09-882654-0"><bdi>978-2-09-882654-0</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.francophonie.org/Langue-Francaise-2014/projet/Rapport-OIF-2014.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 12 April 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=La+langue+fran%C3%A7aise+dans+le+monde+2014&rft.pub=Nathan&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-2-09-882654-0&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.francophonie.org%2FLangue-Francaise-2014%2Fprojet%2FRapport-OIF-2014.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemographics+of+Haiti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">À ce propos, voir l'essai <i>Prétendus Créolismes : le couteau dans l'igname</i>, Jean-Robert Léonidas, Cidihca, Montréal 1995</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFValdman" class="citation journal cs1">Valdman, Albert. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150626233455/http://www.indiana.edu/~creole/creolenatllangofhaiti.html">"Creole: The National Language of Haiti"</a>. <i>Footsteps</i>. <b>2</b> (4). Indiana University Creole Institute: 36–39. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indiana.edu/~creole/creolenatllangofhaiti.html">the original</a> on 2015-06-26<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-01-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Footsteps&rft.atitle=Creole%3A+The+National+Language+of+Haiti&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=36-39&rft.aulast=Valdman&rft.aufirst=Albert&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.indiana.edu%2F~creole%2Fcreolenatllangofhaiti.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemographics+of+Haiti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150626233455/http://www.indiana.edu/~creole/creolenatllangofhaiti.html">"creolenationallanguageofhaiti"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Indiana_University" title="Indiana University">Indiana University</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indiana.edu/~creole/creolenatllangofhaiti.html">the original</a> on 26 June 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 January</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=creolenationallanguageofhaiti&rft.pub=Indiana+University&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.indiana.edu%2F~creole%2Fcreolenatllangofhaiti.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemographics+of+Haiti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/what-languages-are-spoken-in-haiti.html">"What Languages Are Spoken in Haiti?"</a>. <i>WorldAtlas</i>. 29 July 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-09-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=WorldAtlas&rft.atitle=What+Languages+Are+Spoken+in+Haiti%3F&rft.date=2019-07-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldatlas.com%2Farticles%2Fwhat-languages-are-spoken-in-haiti.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemographics+of+Haiti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:0_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/religious-beliefs-in-haiti.html">"Religious Beliefs In Haiti"</a>. <i>WorldAtlas</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-03-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=WorldAtlas&rft.atitle=Religious+Beliefs+In+Haiti&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldatlas.com%2Farticles%2Freligious-beliefs-in-haiti.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADemographics+of+Haiti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:02-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:02_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/religious-beliefs-in-haiti.html">"Religious Beliefs In Haiti"</a>. <i>WorldAtlas</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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articles">articles</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Haiti" title="History of Haiti">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Haitian_history" title="Timeline of Haitian history">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiefdoms_of_Hispaniola" title="Chiefdoms of Hispaniola">Taíno chiefdoms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captaincy_General_of_Santo_Domingo" title="Captaincy General of Santo Domingo">Captaincy General of Santo Domingo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_governors_of_Santo_Domingo" title="List of colonial governors of Santo Domingo">Colonial governors</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade" title="Atlantic slave trade">Atlantic slave trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haitian_Maroons" class="mw-redirect" title="Haitian Maroons">Maroons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_of_Ryswick" title="Peace of Ryswick">Peace of Ryswick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Domingue" title="Saint-Domingue">Saint-Domingue</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_governors_of_Saint-Domingue" title="List of colonial governors of Saint-Domingue">Colonial governors</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavery_in_Haiti" title="Slavery in Haiti">Slavery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_Jeune_Case" title="Le Jeune Case">Le Jeune Case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haitian_Revolution" title="Haitian Revolution">Haitian Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1804_Haiti_massacre" class="mw-redirect" title="1804 Haiti massacre">1804 massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Empire_of_Haiti" title="First Empire of Haiti">First Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_of_Haiti" title="State of Haiti">State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Haiti" title="Kingdom of Haiti">Kingdom</a></li> <li>Republic <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Haiti_(1806%E2%80%931820)" title="Republic of Haiti (1806–1820)">1806–1820</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Haiti_(1820%E2%80%931849)" title="Republic of Haiti (1820–1849)">1820–1849</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haitian_occupation_of_Santo_Domingo" title="Haitian occupation of Santo Domingo">Unification of Hispaniola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Empire_of_Haiti" title="Second Empire of Haiti">Second Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Haiti_(1859%E2%80%931957)" title="Republic of Haiti (1859–1957)">Post-imperial Republic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_occupation_of_Haiti" title="United States occupation of Haiti">U.S. occupation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duvalier_dynasty" title="Duvalier dynasty">Duvalier dynasty</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Duvalier_protest_movement" title="Anti-Duvalier protest movement">Anti-Duvalier protest movement</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991_Haitian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1991 Haitian coup d'état">1991 coup d'état</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_Haitian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="2004 Haitian coup d'état">2004 coup d'état</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Haiti_earthquake" title="2010 Haiti earthquake">2010 earthquake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010s_Haiti_cholera_outbreak" title="2010s Haiti cholera outbreak">2010s cholera outbreak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Effects_of_Hurricane_Matthew_in_Haiti" title="Effects of Hurricane Matthew in Haiti">Hurricane Matthew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haitian_crisis_(2018%E2%80%93present)" title="Haitian crisis (2018–present)">Crisis (2018–present)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gang_war_in_Haiti" title="Gang war in Haiti">Gang war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Haitian_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="2022 Haitian crisis">2022 crisis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Haiti" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Haiti">COVID-19 pandemic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Haiti_earthquake" title="2021 Haiti earthquake">2021 earthquake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_massacres_in_Haiti" title="List of massacres in Haiti">List of massacres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_revolutions_and_coups_d%27%C3%A9tat_in_Haiti" title="List of revolutions and coups d'état in Haiti">List of revolutions and coups d'état</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Haiti" title="Geography of Haiti">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Haiti" title="Administrative divisions of Haiti">Administrative divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arrondissements_of_Haiti" title="Arrondissements of Haiti">Arrondissements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic%E2%80%93Haiti_border" title="Dominican Republic–Haiti border">Border</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Haiti" title="List of cities in Haiti">Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deforestation_in_Haiti" title="Deforestation in Haiti">Deforestation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Departments_of_Haiti" title="Departments of Haiti">Departments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_Haiti" title="List of earthquakes in Haiti">Earthquakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environment_of_Haiti" title="Environment of Haiti">Environment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispaniola" title="Hispaniola">Hispaniola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Haiti" title="List of islands of Haiti">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_parks_of_Haiti" title="List of national parks of Haiti">National parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Haiti" title="List of rivers of Haiti">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Haiti" title="Wildlife of Haiti">Wildlife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_the_Caribbean" title="List of World Heritage Sites in the Caribbean">World Heritage Sites</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Haiti" title="Politics of Haiti">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Haiti" title="Constitution of Haiti">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Haiti" title="Elections in Haiti">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Haiti" title="Foreign relations of Haiti">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Haiti" title="Government of Haiti">Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Haiti" title="Human rights in Haiti">Human rights</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Haiti" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Haiti">LGBT rights</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Haiti" title="Law enforcement in Haiti">Law enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_Haiti" title="Armed Forces of Haiti">Military</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_commanders-in-chief_of_the_Armed_Forces_of_Haiti" title="List of commanders-in-chief of the Armed Forces of Haiti">Commanders-in-chief</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_(Haiti)" title="National Assembly (Haiti)">Parliament</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Senate_(Haiti)" title="Senate (Haiti)">Senate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_(Haiti)" title="Chamber of Deputies (Haiti)">Chamber of Deputies</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Haiti" class="mw-redirect" title="List of political parties in Haiti">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Haiti" title="President of Haiti">President</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heads_of_state_of_Haiti" title="List of heads of state of Haiti">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Haiti" title="Prime Minister of Haiti">Prime Minister</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Haiti" title="List of prime ministers of Haiti">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Haiti" title="Supreme Court of Haiti">Supreme Court</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Haiti" title="Economy of Haiti">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Haiti" title="Agriculture in Haiti">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bank_of_the_Republic_of_Haiti" title="Bank of the Republic of Haiti">Central bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/External_debt_of_Haiti" title="External debt of Haiti">External debt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_aid_to_Haiti" title="Foreign aid to Haiti">Foreign aid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haitian_gourde" title="Haitian gourde">Gourde <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poverty_in_Haiti" title="Poverty in Haiti">Poverty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Haiti" title="Telecommunications in Haiti">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Haiti" title="Tourism in Haiti">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Haiti" title="Transport in Haiti">Transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Haiti" title="Category:Society of Haiti">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Haiti" title="Crime in Haiti">Crime</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Haiti" title="Education in Haiti">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ethnic_groups_in_Haiti" title="Category:Ethnic groups in Haiti">Ethnic groups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_in_Haiti" title="Health in Haiti">Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Haiti" title="Religion in Haiti">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Haitians" title="List of Haitians">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_class_in_Haiti" title="Social class in Haiti">Social class</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Squatting_in_Haiti" title="Squatting in Haiti">Squatting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_supply_and_sanitation_in_Haiti" title="Water supply and sanitation in Haiti">Water and sanitation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Haiti" title="Culture of Haiti">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Haitian_art" title="Haitian art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Haiti" title="Coat of arms of Haiti">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Haiti" title="Cinema of Haiti">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citadelle_Laferri%C3%A8re" title="Citadelle Laferrière">Citadelle Laferrière</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haitian_cuisine" title="Haitian cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Haiti" title="Flag of Haiti">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Haiti" class="mw-redirect" title="Languages of Haiti">Languages</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Haitian_Creole" title="Haitian Creole">Haitian Creole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haitian_French" title="Haitian French">Haitian French</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haitian_literature" title="Haitian literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_Haiti" title="Mass media in Haiti">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Haiti" title="Music of Haiti">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haitian_mythology" title="Haitian mythology">Mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Dessalinienne" title="La Dessalinienne">National anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sans-Souci_Palace" title="Sans-Souci Palace">Sans-Souci Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Haiti" title="Public holidays in Haiti">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television_in_Haiti" title="Television in Haiti">Television</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_Marron_Inconnu" title="Le Marron Inconnu">The Unknown Maroon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Haiti" title="Outline of Haiti">Outline</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Haiti-related_articles" title="Index of Haiti-related articles">Index</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Haiti" title="Category:Haiti">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Haiti" title="Portal:Haiti">Portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Demographics_of_the_Americas" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Americas_topic" title="Template:Americas topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Americas_topic" title="Template talk:Americas topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Americas_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Americas topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Demographics_of_the_Americas" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Demographics of the <a href="/wiki/Americas" title="Americas">Americas</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states_in_the_Americas" class="mw-redirect" title="List of sovereign states in the Americas">Sovereign<br />states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda" title="Demographics of Antigua and Barbuda">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Argentina" title="Demographics of Argentina">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Bahamas" title="Demographics of the Bahamas">Bahamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Barbados" title="Demographics of Barbados">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Belize" title="Demographics of Belize">Belize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Bolivia" title="Demographics of Bolivia">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Brazil" title="Demographics of Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Canada" title="Demographics of Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Chile" title="Demographics of Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Colombia" title="Demographics of Colombia">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Costa_Rica" title="Demographics of Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Cuba" title="Demographics of Cuba">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Dominica" title="Demographics of Dominica">Dominica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Dominican_Republic" title="Demographics of the Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Ecuador" title="Demographics of Ecuador">Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_El_Salvador" title="Demographics of El Salvador">El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Grenada" title="Demographics of Grenada">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Guatemala" title="Demographics of Guatemala">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Guyana" title="Demographics of Guyana">Guyana</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Honduras" title="Demographics of Honduras">Honduras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Jamaica" title="Demographics of Jamaica">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Mexico" title="Demographics of Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Nicaragua" title="Demographics of Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Panama" title="Demographics of Panama">Panama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Paraguay" title="Demographics of Paraguay">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Peru" title="Demographics of Peru">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis" title="Demographics of Saint Kitts and Nevis">Saint Kitts and Nevis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Saint_Lucia" title="Demographics of Saint Lucia">Saint Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines" title="Demographics of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Suriname" title="Demographics of Suriname">Suriname</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Demographics of Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_United_States" title="Demographics of the United States">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Uruguay" title="Demographics of Uruguay">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Venezuela" title="Demographics of Venezuela">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Americas" title="Americas"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Americas_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/100px-Americas_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Americas_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/150px-Americas_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Americas_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/200px-Americas_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="550" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependencies</a><br />and <a href="/wiki/Territory" title="Territory">territories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Anguilla" title="Demographics of Anguilla">Anguilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Aruba" title="Demographics of Aruba">Aruba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Bermuda" title="Demographics of Bermuda">Bermuda</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Bonaire&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Demographics of Bonaire (page does not exist)">Bonaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_British_Virgin_Islands" title="Demographics of the British Virgin Islands">British Virgin Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Cayman_Islands" title="Demographics of the Cayman Islands">Cayman Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Cura%C3%A7ao" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of Curaçao">Curaçao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Falkland_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of the Falkland Islands">Falkland Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_French_Guiana" title="Demographics of French Guiana">French Guiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Greenland" title="Demographics of Greenland">Greenland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Guadeloupe" title="Demographics of Guadeloupe">Guadeloupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Martinique" title="Demographics of Martinique">Martinique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Montserrat" title="Demographics of Montserrat">Montserrat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Demographics of Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Saba_(island)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Demographics of Saba (island) (page does not exist)">Saba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of Saint Barthélemy">Saint Barthélemy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Collectivity_of_Saint_Martin" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of the Collectivity of Saint Martin">Saint Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Saint_Pierre_and_Miquelon" title="Demographics of Saint Pierre and Miquelon">Saint Pierre and Miquelon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Demographics_of_Sint_Eustatius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Demographics of Sint Eustatius (page does not exist)">Sint Eustatius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Sint_Maarten" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of Sint Maarten">Sint Maarten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands">South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of the Turks and Caicos Islands">Turks and Caicos Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_United_States_Virgin_Islands" title="Demographics of the United States Virgin Islands">U.S. Virgin Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_North_America" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of North America">North America</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Central_America" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of Central America">Central America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Caribbean" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of the Caribbean">Caribbean</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Latin_America" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of Latin America">Latin America</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_South_America" title="Demographics of South America">South America</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="African_diaspora" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #BFEAF9;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:African_diaspora" title="Template:African diaspora"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:African_diaspora" title="Template talk:African diaspora"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:African_diaspora" title="Special:EditPage/Template:African diaspora"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="African_diaspora" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/African_diaspora" title="African diaspora">African diaspora</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #BFEAF9;;width:1%">Geography</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #BFEAF9;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/African_diaspora_in_the_Americas" title="African diaspora in the Americas">Americas</a>/<br /><a href="/wiki/Afro%E2%80%93Latin_Americans" title="Afro–Latin Americans">Latin America</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #BFEAF9;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Afro-Caribbean_people" title="Afro-Caribbean people">Caribbean</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Anguillians" title="Afro-Anguillians">Anguilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro%E2%80%93Antiguans_and_Barbudans" title="Afro–Antiguans and Barbudans">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Arubans" title="Afro-Arubans">Aruba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Bahamians" title="Afro-Bahamians">Bahamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Barbadians" title="Afro-Barbadians">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Bermudians" title="Black Bermudians">Bermuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Caymanians" class="mw-redirect" title="Afro-Caymanians">Cayman Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Cubans" title="Afro-Cubans">Cuba</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arar%C3%A1" title="Arará">Arará</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Verdeans_in_Cuba" title="Cape Verdeans in Cuba">Cape Verdean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganga-Longoba" title="Ganga-Longoba">Ganga-Longoba</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Cura%C3%A7aoans" title="Afro-Curaçaoans">Curaçao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Dominicans_(Dominica)" title="Afro-Dominicans (Dominica)">Dominica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Dominicans" title="Afro-Dominicans">Dominican Republic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cocolo" title="Cocolo">Cocolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saman%C3%A1_Americans" title="Samaná Americans">Samaná Americans</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Grenadians" title="Afro-Grenadians">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Haitians" title="Afro-Haitians">Haiti</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marabou_(ethnicity)" title="Marabou (ethnicity)">Marabou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maroons#Haiti" title="Maroons">Marron</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Jamaicans" title="Afro-Jamaicans">Jamaica</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coromantee" title="Coromantee">Coromantee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igbo_people_in_Jamaica" title="Igbo people in Jamaica">Igbos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamaican_Maroons" title="Jamaican Maroons">Jamaican Maroons</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro%E2%80%93Puerto_Ricans" title="Afro–Puerto Ricans">Puerto Rico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro%E2%80%93Kittitians_and_Nevisians" title="Afro–Kittitians and Nevisians">Saint Kitts and Nevis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro%E2%80%93Saint_Lucians" title="Afro–Saint Lucians">Saint Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Vincentians" title="Afro-Vincentians">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Garifuna" title="Garifuna">Garifuna</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro%E2%80%93Trinidadians_and_Tobagonians" title="Afro–Trinidadians and Tobagonians">Trinidad and Tobago</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dougla_people" title="Dougla people">Dougla people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merikins" title="Merikins">Merikins</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro%E2%80%93Turks_and_Caicos_Islanders" title="Afro–Turks and Caicos Islanders">Turks and Caicos Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #BFEAF9;;width:1%">Central<br />America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belizean_Creole_people" title="Belizean Creole people">Belize</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Garifuna" title="Garifuna">Garifuna</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro%E2%80%93Costa_Ricans" title="Afro–Costa Ricans">Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Salvadorans" title="Afro-Salvadorans">El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Guatemalans" title="Afro-Guatemalans">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Hondurans" title="Afro-Hondurans">Honduras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miskito_people" title="Miskito people">Miskito people</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Miskito_Sambu" title="Miskito Sambu">Miskito Sambu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Nicaraguans" title="Afro-Nicaraguans">Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Panamanians" title="Afro-Panamanians">Panama</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cimarron_people_(Panama)" title="Cimarron people (Panama)">Cimarrón</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #BFEAF9;;width:1%">North<br />America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_Canadians" title="Black Canadians">Canada</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_Canada" title="African Americans in Canada">African Americans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Mennonites" title="Black Mennonites">Black Mennonites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_Black_Canadians" title="Indigenous Black Canadians">Indigenous Black Canadians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Canadians_in_New_Brunswick" title="Black Canadians in New Brunswick">New Brunswick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Nova_Scotians" title="Black Nova Scotians">Nova Scotia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Canadians_in_Ontario" title="Black Canadians in Ontario">Ontario</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_immigration_to_Canada" title="African immigration to Canada">African immigrants</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Mexicans" title="Afro-Mexicans">Mexico</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mascogos" title="Mascogos">Mascogos</a></li></ul></li> <li>United States <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans" title="African Americans">African Americans</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Affrilachia" title="Affrilachia">Affrilachians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African-American_Jews" title="African-American Jews">African-American Jews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alabama_Creole_people" title="Alabama Creole people">Alabama Creoles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Mennonites" title="Black Mennonites">Black Mennonites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Southerners" title="Black Southerners">Black Southerners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans" title="Black Hispanic and Latino Americans">Black Hispanic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Indians_in_the_United_States" title="Black Indians in the United States">Black Indians</a>/<a href="/wiki/Freedmen_(ethnic_group)" title="Freedmen (ethnic group)">Freedmen</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cherokee_freedmen_controversy" title="Cherokee freedmen controversy">Cherokee freedmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chickasaw#Post–Civil_War" title="Chickasaw">Chickasaw freedmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choctaw_freedmen" title="Choctaw freedmen">Choctaw freedmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creek_Freedmen" title="Creek Freedmen">Creek freedmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Seminoles" title="Black Seminoles">Seminole freedmen</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creoles_of_color" title="Creoles of color">Creoles of color</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gullah" title="Gullah">Gullah</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brass_Ankles" title="Brass Ankles">Brass Ankles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chestnut_Ridge_people" title="Chestnut Ridge people">Chestnut Ridge people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominickers" title="Dominickers">Dominickers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fula_Americans" title="Fula Americans">Fulani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garifuna_Americans" title="Garifuna Americans">Garifuna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igbo_Americans" title="Igbo Americans">Igbos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redbone_(ethnicity)#Louisiana_Redbone_cultural_group" title="Redbone (ethnicity)">Louisiana Redbones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lumbee" title="Lumbee">Lumbee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melungeon" title="Melungeon">Melungeons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Somali_Bantus_in_Maine" title="History of Somali Bantus in Maine">Somali Bantus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoruba_Americans" title="Yoruba Americans">Yoruba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_immigration_to_the_United_States" title="African immigration to the United States">African immigrants</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #BFEAF9;;width:1%">South<br />America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Argentines" title="Afro-Argentines">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Bolivians" title="Afro-Bolivians">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Brazilians" title="Afro-Brazilians">Brazil</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kalungas" title="Kalungas">Kalungas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mocambo_(settlement)" title="Mocambo (settlement)">Macombo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quilombola" title="Quilombola">Quilombola</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Chileans" title="Afro-Chileans">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Colombians" title="Afro-Colombians">Colombia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Raizal" title="Raizal">Raizal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Ecuadorians" title="Afro-Ecuadorians">Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro%E2%80%93French_Guianans" title="Afro–French Guianans">French Guiana</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aluku" title="Aluku">Aluku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ndyuka_people" title="Ndyuka people">Ndyuka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saramaka" title="Saramaka">Saramaka</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Guyanese" title="Afro-Guyanese">Guyana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Paraguayans" title="Afro-Paraguayans">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Peruvians" title="Black Peruvians">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Surinamese" title="Afro-Surinamese">Suriname</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kwinti_people" title="Kwinti people">Kwinti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matawai_people" title="Matawai people">Matawai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ndyuka_people" title="Ndyuka people">Ndyuka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paramaccan_people" title="Paramaccan people">Paramaccan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saramaka" title="Saramaka">Saramaka</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Uruguayans" title="Afro-Uruguayans">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Venezuelans" title="Afro-Venezuelans">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #BFEAF9;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/African_immigration_to_Europe" title="African immigration to Europe">Europe</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Black_Europeans" title="Black Europeans">Blacks</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abkhazians_of_African_descent" title="Abkhazians of African descent">Abkhazia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Austrians" title="Afro-Austrians">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Belgians" title="Black Belgians">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Danish_people_of_African_descent" title="Category:Danish people of African descent">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_diaspora_in_Finland" title="African diaspora in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_French_people" title="Black French people">France</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sub-Saharan_African_community_of_Paris" title="Sub-Saharan African community of Paris">Paris</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Germans" title="Afro-Germans">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Greeks" title="African Greeks">Greece</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_Greeks" title="Black Greeks">Blacks</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_people_in_Ireland" title="Black people in Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_emigrants_to_Italy" title="African emigrants to Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Dutch_people" title="Afro-Dutch people">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_immigration_to_Norway" title="African immigration to Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Africans_in_Poland" title="Africans in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Portuguese_people" title="Afro-Portuguese people">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Romanians" title="Afro-Romanians">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Russians" title="Afro-Russians">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Spaniards" title="Afro-Spaniards">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_immigrants_to_Sweden" title="African immigrants to Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_immigrants_to_Switzerland" title="African immigrants to Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Ukrainians" title="Afro-Ukrainians">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_British_people" title="Black British people">United Kingdom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_people_in_Cambridge" title="Black people in Cambridge">Cambridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_people_in_Liverpool" title="Black people in Liverpool">Liverpool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_African_presence_in_London" title="History of African presence in London">London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Scottish_people" title="Black Scottish people">Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Welsh_people" title="Black Welsh people">Wales</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #BFEAF9;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Afro-Arabs" title="Afro-Arabs">Middle East</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Iranians" title="Afro-Iranians">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Iraqis" title="Afro-Iraqis">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_immigration_to_Israel" title="African immigration to Israel">Israel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_Jews_in_Israel" title="Ethiopian Jews in Israel">Ethiopian Israelis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudanese_in_Israel" title="Sudanese in Israel">Sudanese refugees</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Jordanians" title="Afro-Jordanians">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Omanis" title="Afro-Omanis">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Palestinians" title="Afro-Palestinians">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Saudis" title="Afro-Saudis">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_people_of_Yarmouk_Basin" title="Black people of Yarmouk Basin">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Turks" title="Afro-Turks">Turkey</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Africans_in_Turkey" title="Africans in Turkey">Africans</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Emiratis" title="Afro-Emiratis">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Muhamash%C4%ABn" title="Al-Muhamashīn">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #BFEAF9;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Afro-Asians" title="Afro-Asians">Asia</a> and<br />Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Australians" title="African Australians">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Chinese" title="African Chinese">China</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Africans_in_Guangzhou" title="Africans in Guangzhou">Guangzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Africans_in_Hong_Kong" title="Africans in Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afro-Asians_in_South_Asia" title="Afro-Asians in South Asia">Afro-Asians in South Asia</a></li> <li>India and Pakistan <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siddi" title="Siddi">Siddi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siddis_of_Karnataka" title="Siddis of Karnataka">in Karnataka</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Indonesians" title="African Indonesians">Indonesia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belanda_Hitam" title="Belanda Hitam">Black Dutchmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mardijker_people" title="Mardijker people">Mardijker</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_people_in_Japan" title="Black people in Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Africans_in_Malaysia" title="Africans in Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_New_Zealanders" title="African New Zealanders">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Africans_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Africans in Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka_Kaffirs" title="Sri Lanka Kaffirs">Kaffirs</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #BFEAF9;;width:1%">Atlantic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Saint_Helena,_Ascension_and_Tristan_da_Cunha#Saint_Helena" title="Demographics of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha">Saint Helena</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #BFEAF9;;width:1%">Secondary<br />Afro-American<br />diaspora</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #BFEAF9;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_Africa" title="African Americans in Africa">Africa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Ghana <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_Ghana" title="African Americans in Ghana">African Americans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabom_people" title="Tabom people">Tabom</a></li></ul></li> <li>Liberia <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Americo-Liberian_people" title="Americo-Liberian people">Americo-Liberians</a></li></ul></li> <li>Nigeria <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brazilians_in_Nigeria" title="Brazilians in Nigeria">Afro-Brazilians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saro_people" title="Saro people">Saro</a></li></ul></li> <li>Sierra Leone <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leone_Creole_people" title="Sierra Leone Creole people">Sierra Leone Creole</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #BFEAF9;;width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>France <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_France" title="African Americans in France">African Americans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haitians_in_France" title="Haitians in France">Haitians</a></li></ul></li> <li>United Kingdom <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Americans_in_the_United_Kingdom#African_Americans" title="Americans in the United Kingdom">African Americans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_African-Caribbean_people" title="British African-Caribbean people">Afro-Caribbean people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Jamaicans" title="British Jamaicans">British Jamaicans</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #BFEAF9;;width:1%">Asia and<br />Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Americans_in_Israel" title="African Americans in Israel">Israel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Hebrew_Israelites_in_Israel" title="African Hebrew Israelites in Israel">African Hebrew Israelites</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_people_in_Japan" title="Black people in Japan">Japan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #BFEAF9;;width:1%">Related<br />topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_diaspora_religions" title="African diaspora religions">African diaspora religions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-African_sentiment" title="Anti-African sentiment">Anti-African sentiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Black_racism" title="Anti-Black racism">Anti-Black racism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_slave_trade" title="Atlantic slave trade">Atlantic slave trade</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coromantee" title="Coromantee">Coromantee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igbo_people_in_the_Atlantic_slave_trade" title="Igbo people in the Atlantic slave trade">Igbo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kongo_people" title="Kongo people">Kongo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tikar_people" title="Tikar people">Tikar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoruba_people_in_the_Atlantic_slave_trade" title="Yoruba people in the Atlantic slave trade">Yoruba</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Lives_Matter" title="Black Lives Matter">Black Lives Matter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_power" title="Black power">Black power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_rights_movement" title="Civil rights movement">Civil rights movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creole_peoples" title="Creole peoples">Creole peoples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genetic_history_of_the_African_diaspora" title="Genetic history of the African diaspora">Genetic history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maroons" title="Maroons">Maroons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-Africanism" title="Pan-Africanism">Pan-Africanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slavery" title="Slavery">Slavery</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reparations_for_slavery" title="Reparations for slavery">Reparations</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background: #BFEAF9;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" 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