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id="toc-Tasks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Torturing_sinners_in_afterlife" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Torturing_sinners_in_afterlife"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.5.1 Torturing sinners in afterlife </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Torturing_sinners_in_afterlife-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Torturing_sinners_during_judgment_day" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Torturing_sinners_during_judgment_day"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.5.2 Torturing sinners during judgment day </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Torturing_sinners_during_judgment_day-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Torturing_sinners_in_hell" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Torturing_sinners_in_hell"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.5.3 Torturing sinners in hell </div> </a> <ul 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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Qur'an_Primary_sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Qur'an Primary sources </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Qur'an_Primary_sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hadith_Primary_sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hadith_Primary_sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.3 Hadith Primary sources </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hadith_Primary_sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Secondary_sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Secondary_sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.4 Secondary sources </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Secondary_sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.5 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" 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data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9" title="জাবানিয়াহ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জাবানিয়াহ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9" title="Зобаный – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Зобаный" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="زبانية – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="زبانية" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">الدارجة</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Az-Zabaniyya" title="Az-Zabaniyya – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Az-Zabaniyya" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zabban_y_Thobeskh" title="Zabban y Thobeskh – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Zabban y Thobeskh" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zabani" title="Zabani – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Zabani" data-language-autonym="Français" 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Allah3.svg/110px-Allah3.svg.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Allah3.svg/165px-Allah3.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Allah3.svg/220px-Allah3.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="294" data-file-height="313" /></a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;background:#dcf5dc;padding:0.2em;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Iman_(Islam)" title="Iman (Islam)">Beliefs</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tawhid" title="Tawhid">Oneness</a> of <a href="/wiki/God_in_Islam" title="God in Islam">God</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angels_in_Islam" title="Angels in Islam">Angels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_holy_books" title="Islamic holy books">Holy books</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prophets_and_messengers_in_Islam" title="Prophets and messengers in Islam">Prophets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judgement_Day_in_Islam" title="Judgement Day in Islam">Judgement Day</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Predestination_in_Islam" title="Predestination in Islam">Predestination</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;background:#dcf5dc;padding:0.2em;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Five_Pillars_of_Islam" title="Five Pillars of Islam">Practices</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shahada" title="Shahada">Profession of faith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salah" title="Salah">Prayer</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zakat" title="Zakat">Almsgiving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fasting_in_Islam" title="Fasting in Islam">Fasting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hajj" title="Hajj">Pilgrimage</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;background:#dcf5dc;padding:0.2em;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Islamic_texts" title="List of Islamic texts">Texts</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_studies" title="Islamic studies">Foundations</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Quran" title="Quran">Quran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunnah" title="Sunnah">Sunnah</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hadith" title="Hadith">Hadith</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prophetic_biography" class="mw-redirect" title="Prophetic biography">Sirah</a>)</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tafsir" title="Tafsir">Tafsir</a> (exegesis)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ijtihad" title="Ijtihad">Ijtihad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aqidah" title="Aqidah">Aqidah</a> (creed)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qisas_al-Anbiya" title="Qisas al-Anbiya">Qisas al-Anbiya</a> (Stories of the Prophets)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mathnawi" title="Mathnawi">Mathnawi</a> (poems)</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fiqh" title="Fiqh">Fiqh</a> (jurisprudence)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharia" title="Sharia">Sharia</a> (law)</li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;background:#dcf5dc;padding:0.2em;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Islam" title="History of Islam">History</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content 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class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;background:#dcf5dc;padding:0.2em;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Islamic_culture" title="Islamic culture">Culture</a> and <a href="/wiki/Muslim_world" title="Muslim world">society</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_studies" title="Islamic studies">Academics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animals_in_Islam" title="Animals in Islam">Animals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_art" title="Islamic art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_association_football" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam in association football">Association football</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_calendar" title="Islamic calendar">Calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_and_children" title="Islam and children">Children</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khitan_(circumcision)" title="Khitan (circumcision)">Circumcision</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_by_country" title="Islam by country">Demographics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Muslim_diaspora" title="Muslim diaspora">Diaspora</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_schools_and_branches" title="Islamic schools and branches">Denominations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sunni_Islam" title="Sunni Islam">Sunni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shia_Islam" title="Shia Islam">Shia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibadi_Islam" title="Ibadi Islam">Ibadi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_economics" title="Islamic economics">Economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Islam" title="Education in Islam">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_ethics" title="Islamic ethics">Ethics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spirit_possession_and_exorcism_in_Islam" title="Spirit possession and exorcism in Islam">Exorcism</a></li> <li><a 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href="/wiki/Dawah" title="Dawah">Proselytizing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_attitudes_towards_science" title="Islamic attitudes towards science">Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sexuality_in_Islam" title="Sexuality in Islam">Sexuality</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBTQ_people_and_Islam" title="LGBTQ people and Islam">LGBTQ</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_views_on_slavery" title="Islamic views on slavery">Slavery</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Concubinage_in_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Concubinage in Islam">Concubinage</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_and_humanity" title="Islam and humanity">Social welfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Islam" title="Women in Islam">Women</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;background:#dcf5dc;padding:0.2em;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Category:Islam" title="Category:Islam">Related topics</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apostasy_in_Islam" title="Apostasy in Islam">Apostasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Islam" title="Criticism of Islam">Criticism</a></li></ul> <ul><li><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Muhammad" title="Criticism of Muhammad">Muhammad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_the_Quran" title="Criticism of the Quran">Quran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_hadith" title="Criticism of hadith">Hadith</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_and_other_religions" title="Islam and other religions">Other religions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamism" title="Islamism">Islamism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_and_violence" title="Islam and violence">Violence</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_terrorism" title="Islamic terrorism">terrorism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_and_war" title="Islam and war">war</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamophobia" title="Islamophobia">Islamophobia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jihad" title="Jihad">Jihad</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jihadism" title="Jihadism">Jihadism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salafi_jihadism" title="Salafi jihadism">Salafi jihadism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deobandi_jihadism" title="Deobandi jihadism">Deobandi jihadism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_military_jurisprudence" title="Islamic military jurisprudence">Military laws</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_Islam" title="Glossary of Islam">Glossary</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below plainlist" style="padding-top:0.1em;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.5em;"> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/15px-Allah-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/23px-Allah-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/31px-Allah-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="206" data-file-height="215" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Islam" title="Portal:Islam">Islam portal</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="padding-right:0.2em;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Islam" title="Template:Islam"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Islam" title="Template talk:Islam"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Islam" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Islam"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> The Zabaniyah (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: الزبانية, <a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Arabic" title="Romanization of Arabic">romanized</a>: zabāniyya) is the name of a group of <a href="/wiki/Angels_in_Islam" title="Angels in Islam">angels in Islam</a> who are tasked to torture the sinners in hell.<a href="#cite_note-ik-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-Tafseer_ibn_Kathir-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-Lange,_Christian_2015._p._75-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-dw-4">[4]</a> They are mentioned appeared in many verses in <a href="/wiki/Quran" title="Quran">Quran</a>,<a href="#cite_note-5">[Quran 1]</a> With various names such as "Nineteen angels of Hell",<a href="#cite_note-6">[Quran 2]</a> "Angels of punishment",<a href="#cite_note-7">[Quran 3]</a> "Guardians of Hell",<a href="#cite_note-Stephen_Burge-8">[5]</a> "Wardens of hell" (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: خَزَنَةِ جَهَنَّمَ, <a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Arabic" title="Romanization of Arabic">romanized</a>: khazanati jahannam<a href="#cite_note-Ahmad_Anshori-9">[6]</a>), and "Angels of hell" or "The keepers".<a href="#cite_note-10">[Quran 4]</a><a href="#cite_note-Surat_Al-Mulk_Ayat_8_Tafsir_Muhammad_Sulaiman_Al_Asyqar-11">[7]</a> As angels, the Zabaniyah are, despite their gruesome appearance and actions, ultimately subordinate to <a href="/wiki/God_in_Islam" title="God in Islam">God</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Hell_and_Suffering_In_Matthew_23:33:_Comparison_Study_Of_The_Concept_Of_Hell_And_Suffering_In_The_Bible_And_Quran;_Clarry_Paul_Tangkudung-12">[8]</a>: 82  and thus their punishments are considered in Islamic theology as just.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELange2015274-13">[9]</a> According to <a href="/wiki/Al-Qurtubi" title="Al-Qurtubi">Al-Qurtubi</a>, Zabaniyah is a plural name a group of an angel.<a href="#cite_note-14">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-Islamweb_Tafsir_al-Qurtubi;_al-A'laq_18-15">[11]</a> According to the Quran and the <a href="/wiki/Hadith" title="Hadith">ahadith</a>, the Zabaniyah are nineteen in number<a href="#cite_note-Suyuti_fingers-16">[12]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Maalik" title="Maalik">Maalik</a> is their leader.<a href="#cite_note-Dahsyatnya_Neraka_Jahannam-17">[13]</a><sup id="cite_ref-A_Dictionary_of_Islam_Being_a_Cyclopædia_of_the_Doctrines,_Rites,_Ceremonies,_and_Customs,_Together_with_the_Technical_and_Theological_Terms,_of_the_Muhammadan_Religion_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-A_Dictionary_of_Islam_Being_a_Cyclopædia_of_the_Doctrines,_Rites,_Ceremonies,_and_Customs,_Together_with_the_Technical_and_Theological_Terms,_of_the_Muhammadan_Religion-18">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-Angels_A_to_Z-19">[15]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Islamic_traditions">Islamic traditions</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Zabaniyah&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Islamic traditions">edit</a>]</div> The Zabaniyah angels were described as torturer of sinners in hell. According to <a href="/wiki/Umar_Sulaiman_Al-Ashqar" title="Umar Sulaiman Al-Ashqar">Umar Sulaiman Al-Ashqar</a>, they are led by an angel named Maalik, who has once met by Muhammad and archangel <a href="/wiki/Gabriel#Islam" title="Gabriel">Gabriel</a>.<a href="#cite_note-al-'Alam_al_Malaikah_al-Abrar-20">[16]</a> <a href="/wiki/Mujahid_ibn_Jabr" title="Mujahid ibn Jabr">Mujahid ibn Jabr</a> defended the idea that the Zabaniyah are angels against contrary assertions.<a href="#cite_note-Lange,_Christian_2015._p._75-3">[3]</a> In the Turkish folk literature <a href="/wiki/Isra_and_Mi%27raj" class="mw-redirect" title="Isra and Mi'raj">Mi'raj literature</a>, the Zabaniyah are under command of the nineteen angels of punishment.<a href="#cite_note-Ertan_2015-21">[17]</a> Based on a Hadith transmitted by <a href="/wiki/Umar" title="Umar">Umar</a>, the second <a href="/wiki/Rashidun" title="Rashidun">Rashidun</a> caliph,<a href="#cite_note-22">[18]</a> <a href="/wiki/Al-Muzani" title="Al-Muzani">Al-Muzani</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Kathir" title="Ibn Kathir">Ibn Kathir</a> has stated that the belief to the existence of the angels who guarding hell as a part of the second article of <a href="/wiki/Iman_(Islam)#The_Six_Articles_of_Faith" title="Iman (Islam)">Six Pillars of Faith</a> in Islam.<a href="#cite_note-23">[19]</a> Scottish orientalist <a href="/wiki/H._A._R._Gibb" title="H. A. R. Gibb">H. A. R. Gibb</a> has recorded a tradition that while the angels of mercy are said to be created from light (nur), the angels of punishment are usually said to be created from fire (nar).<a href="#cite_note-24">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-25">[21]</a> However, this distinction are not universally accepted among Muslim scholars.<a href="#cite_note-26">[22]</a> Both <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Rajab" title="Ibn Rajab">Ibn Rajab</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Dahsyatnya_Neraka_Jahannam-17">[13]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Al-Qurtubi" title="Al-Qurtubi">Al-Qurtubi</a> narrates in his exegesis on Surah 66:6 that the angels of hell were created from anger, and that tormenting creatures is to them like food for the children of Adam.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] Some[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch">who?</a>] consider the Zabaniyah to be the hell's angels' subordinates.<a href="#cite_note-27">[23]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Names">Names</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Zabaniyah&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Names">edit</a>]</div> A tradition from At-Tadhkirah, a book authored by Al-Qurtubi, recorded that one of Zabaniyah was named Daqä'il (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: دقائل) accompanied the <a href="/wiki/Azrael" title="Azrael">Angel of Death</a> whenever he take the soul of a sinner.<a href="#cite_note-Arabic_Tadhkirah;_Zabaniyah-28">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-:Al-Albani_addendum_to_al-Qurtubi,_Zabaniyah-29">[Hadith 1]</a><a href="#cite_note-Tadhkirah_Indonesia;_Zabaniyah-30">[25]</a> A Zabaniyah angel called Susāʾīl shows Muhammad the punishments of sinners in <a href="/wiki/Jahannam" title="Jahannam">hell</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Lange_2016_Revisiting-31">[26]</a> However, the authority from <a href="/wiki/Sahih_al-Bukhari" title="Sahih al-Bukhari">Sahih al-Bukhari</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sahih_Muslim" title="Sahih Muslim">Sahih Muslim</a> has narrated that the one which Muhammad met during Mi'raj and shown Muhammad about hell was Maalik himself, the leader of Zabaniyah.<a href="#cite_note-:Ibn_Abbas_Hadith,_Zabaniyah;_Bukhari-32">[Hadith 2]</a><a href="#cite_note-Dar_Ibn_Kathir_Sahih_Al-Bukhari_3067_حدثنا_محمد_بن_بشار_حدثنا_غندر_حدثنا_شعبة_عن_قتادة_ح-33">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-34">[Hadith 3]</a><a href="#cite_note-Sahih_Muslim_and_Bukhari_about_angel_Maalik;_Al-Albani-35">[28]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology">Etymology</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Zabaniyah&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Etymology">edit</a>]</div> There are several interpretation according from exegesis and linguistical experts regarding the linguistic etymology of Zabaniyah: <ul><li>Al-Qurtubi has recorded the interpretation from classical era Quran exegete <a href="/wiki/Qatada_ibn_Di%27ama" title="Qatada ibn Di'ama">Qatada ibn Di'ama</a>. According to Qatada, the term of Zabaniyah were taken from al-Zabn, which was synonymous with Arabc verb of "payment" or "retribution".<a href="#cite_note-Islamweb_Tafsir_al-Qurtubi;_al-A'laq_18-15">[11]</a> However, Qatada also stated that there are alternate etymology of Zabaniyah according to Arabian linguistic, which is also translated as "those who lead the first strike during a battle" or <a href="/wiki/Shock_troops" title="Shock troops">Shock troops</a>.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMansur_Abdul_Hakim20159–10-36">[29]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Mubarrad" title="Al-Mubarrad">Al-Mubarrad</a> suggested, zabāniya could derive from the idea of movement and the Zabaniyah are those who "push somebody [back]".<a href="#cite_note-Lange_2016_Revisiting-31">[26]</a> This assertion also narrated by traditional Arabic linguist, Ibn Qatiya,<a href="#cite_note-الرد_على_المنطقيين;_Ibn_Taymiyya-37">[30]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Epigraphy" title="Epigraphy">Epigraphy</a> expert, Ahmed ibn Muhammad bin Ali Al-Fayoumi, in his explanation of "Z-b-n" or "act of push" in that Quranic verse mentioned Zabaniyah according to the root of Arabic language, where it is root are similar to the Arabic expression.<a href="#cite_note-almunir_fi_gharib_alsharh_alkabir-38">[31]</a> German modern historian <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rudi_Paret&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rudi Paret (page does not exist)">Rudi Paret</a> [<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudi_Paret" class="extiw" title="de:Rudi Paret">de</a>] also noted the similar meaning of the term zabani indicates a characteristical action personified in a type of spirit. In that case, the zabani would refer to a spirit whose function is pushing someone back.<a href="#cite_note-Lange_2016_Revisiting-31">[26]</a>: 82  <ul><li>Ahmed described the pushing movement of <a href="/wiki/Scorpion" title="Scorpion">scorpion</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Pincer_(biology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pincer (biology)">pincers</a> or <a href="/wiki/Chelae" title="Chelae">Chelae</a>, were also called Zabani, which is the same root of the angels act of Zabani or pushing sinners to hell".<a href="#cite_note-almunir_fi_gharib_alsharh_alkabir-38">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-al-Miṣbāḥ_al-munīr_muʻjam_ʻArabī-ʻArabī-39">[32]</a> correspondingly, an 8th-century Arabic grammar expert from <a href="/wiki/Kufa" title="Kufa">Kufa</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abu_al-Hasan_al-Lahyani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abu al-Hasan al-Lahyani (page does not exist)">Abu al-Hasan al-Lahyani</a> [<a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%A8%D9%88_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A" class="extiw" title="ar:أبو الحسن اللحياني">ar</a>], also stated the word of Zaban was used in Arabic to describe the claws part of <a href="/wiki/Scorpius" title="Scorpius">Scorpius</a> constellation.<a href="#cite_note-40">[33]</a><a href="#cite_note-41">[34]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Ashur" title="Ibn Ashur">Ibn Ashur</a> using different analogy of the word, as he said in his work, <a href="/wiki/Tafsir_Ibn_Ashur" title="Tafsir Ibn Ashur">al-Tahrir wa'l-Tanwir</a>, the word of Zaban was derived from the kicking movement of a camel's leg.<a href="#cite_note-42">[35]</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Taymiyya" title="Ibn Taymiyya">Ibn Taymiyya</a> quoted classical interpretations from Qatada, Ahmed ibn Muhammad, and others scholars about the interpretation of zabaniyah in his work, ar-Ra'd 'Ala al-Manthiq. Those arguments were used Ibn Taymiyya to argue against the scholars of <a href="/wiki/Kalam" title="Kalam">Kalam</a> regarding Quranic tafseer about the nature of angels.<a href="#cite_note-الرد_على_المنطقيين;_Ibn_Taymiyya-37">[30]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Hisham" title="Ibn Hisham">Ibn Hisham</a> asserted in his chronicle, that Zabaniyah linguistically means "helpers", which singular noun are Zibniyah.<a href="#cite_note-Sirah_Nabawiyah-Ibnu_Hisyam-43">[36]</a></li> <li>Ahmad Y. Hassan, one of founders of <a href="/wiki/PERSIS_(organization)" title="PERSIS (organization)">PERSIS</a>, has interpreted in his exegesis work Tafsir al-Furqan that the Zabaniyah etymologically as "mighty soldiers of Allah".<a href="#cite_note-Tafsir_al-Furqan-44">[37]</a> Ahmad Hassan derived this interpretation from view of Al-Qurtubi's personal interpretation which translate Zabaniyah as a police.<a href="#cite_note-Dahsyatnya_Neraka_Jahannam-17">[13]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Number">Number</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Zabaniyah&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Number">edit</a>]</div> Regarding the numbers of Zabaniyah, The number nineteen is found both in Quran,<a href="#cite_note-Tafsirweb_Religious_affair_ministry_al_Muddathir_30-45">[38]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hadith_Qudse" class="mw-redirect" title="Hadith Qudse">Hadith Qudse</a>.<a href="#cite_note-47">[Notes 1]</a><a href="#cite_note-Tafsirweb_Religious_affair_ministry_al_Muddathir_30-45">[38]</a> Another hadith which recorded by <a href="/wiki/Sunan_al-Tirmidhi" title="Sunan al-Tirmidhi">Sunan al-Tirmidhi</a> and Aḥmad ibn Mūsá Ibn Mardawayh has reported that the number of nineteen also appeared when Muhammad being tested by group of that era contemporary Jewish <a href="/wiki/Rabbi" title="Rabbi">Rabbi</a> to prove if he is truly a prophet, by questioning how many guardians of hell there were, which Muhammad responded as nineteen.<a href="#cite_note-Interpretation_of_Quran;_al-Qurtubil;_Zabaniyah_angel-48">[40]</a> However, Islamic scholars all agreed that the number of nineteen here only meant for the archangels, or leaders of the angels of hell. al-Qurtubi has reported another classical exegesis addendum that their number is nineteen thousands.<a href="#cite_note-Interpretation_of_Quran;_al-Qurtubil;_Zabaniyah_angel-48">[40]</a> Meanwhile, modern Saudi Grand mufti <a href="/wiki/Abd_al-Aziz_Ibn_Baz" class="mw-redirect" title="Abd al-Aziz Ibn Baz">Abd al-Aziz Ibn Baz</a> has mentioned number of 4,900,000,000 angels which keeping hell, where each 70,000 of them holding a bridle from 70,000 bridles which restraining Jahannam.<a href="#cite_note-143rd_Chapter:_about_fear;_Abd_al-Aziz_Ibn_Baz-49">[41]</a><a href="#cite_note-:number-50">[Hadith 4]</a> The concilliatory explanation regarding conflicting exegesises about numbers according to al-Qurtubi, that the nineteen angels refers to the leaders of those angels, including Malik, While the insurmountable numbers was referring to the hell angels which were led by those nineteen Zabaniyah.<a href="#cite_note-Interpretation_of_Quran;_al-Qurtubil;_Zabaniyah_angel-48">[40]</a> While modern scholar Muhammad Sulaiman al-Ashqar, professor from <a href="/wiki/Islamic_University_of_Madinah" title="Islamic University of Madinah">Islamic University of Madinah</a>, further explained it meant as nineteen types of punisher angels in hell, which the exegete scholars based its from the additional interpretation from the following verse, the 31th verse which stated "none know their numbers except Allah.".<a href="#cite_note-Tafsirweb_Religious_affair_ministry_al_Muddathir_30-45">[38]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Physical_description">Physical description</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Zabaniyah&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Physical description">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Muhammad_visits_Hell_-_from_the_Miraj_Nameh.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Muhammad_visits_Hell_-_from_the_Miraj_Nameh.jpg/220px-Muhammad_visits_Hell_-_from_the_Miraj_Nameh.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="299" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Muhammad_visits_Hell_-_from_the_Miraj_Nameh.jpg/330px-Muhammad_visits_Hell_-_from_the_Miraj_Nameh.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Muhammad_visits_Hell_-_from_the_Miraj_Nameh.jpg/440px-Muhammad_visits_Hell_-_from_the_Miraj_Nameh.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1413" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption> Zabaniyah torture sinners in Hell (<a href="/wiki/Jahannam" title="Jahannam">Jahannam</a>) in a 1436 CE <a href="/wiki/Manuscript_illumination" class="mw-redirect" title="Manuscript illumination">illumination</a></figcaption></figure> There are several features of Zabaniyah which describe their physical according various traditions and classical Quranic exegesis: <ul><li>Face. Several Hadith as recorded that Muhammad has met Malik, the leader of Zabaniyah, in one occasion and described that Maalik has sickeningly ugly face.<a href="#cite_note-54">[Notes 2]</a> Ibn Hisham also recorded another Hadith, that the true face of Zabaniyah angels are so repulsive beyond comprehension, to the point that any living human could die by the shock of only looking at their face.<a href="#cite_note-55">[Notes 3]</a> Aside from those <a href="/wiki/Isra%27_and_Mi%27raj" title="Isra' and Mi'raj">Isra' and Mi'raj</a> tradition, Muhammad also noting the gruesome appearance of Malik in his dream, in another tradition recorded by <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Hajar_al-Asqalani" title="Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani">Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani</a>, The face of Maalik is "very unpleasant".<a href="#cite_note-56">[Hadith 6]</a><a href="#cite_note-57">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-58">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-Kawthar_al-maʻānī_al-darārī_fī_kashf_khabāyā_Ṣaḥīḥ_al-Bukhārī;_Muḥammad_al-Khaḍir_al-Jakanī_Shinqīṭī-59">[46]</a> <ul><li>The eyes of Zabaniyah were like <a href="/wiki/Lightning" title="Lightning">lightning</a> and their mouths were like <a href="/wiki/Spur_(zoology)" title="Spur (zoology)">Spurs</a> of chicken, while their hairs is so long to the point its dragged under their feets.<a href="#cite_note-60">[Hadith 7]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMansur_Abdul_Hakim201515–16-53">[43]</a><a href="#cite_note-Misteri_Alam_Malaikat-51">[42]</a> This also noted by modern researcher Christian Lange from the classical exegesis works, that zabaniyah have "repulsive faces, eyes like flashing lightening, teeth white like cows horns, lips hanging down to their feet, and rotten breath".<a href="#cite_note-Lange_2016_Introducing-61">[47]</a><a href="#cite_note-64">[Notes 4]</a></li></ul></li> <li>Size. The Zabaniyah, are the largest type of angel.<a href="#cite_note-65">[Quran 5]</a><a href="#cite_note-Tafsir_al-Qurtubiالجامع_لأحكام_القرآن_تفسير_القرطبي_جزء_عاشر_17*24_Tafsir_al_Kortobi_V10_2C;_Zabaniyah-66">[50]</a> <a href="/wiki/Al-Tabari" title="Al-Tabari">Al-Tabari</a> also describing that the distance between Zabaniyah shoulders are 500 years.<a href="#cite_note-Misteri_Alam_Malaikat-51">[42]</a> <ul><li>Abdullah ibn Ahmad also narrated that the size of Zabaniyah were described that the distance between each of their shoulders were as long as the distance of 100 years of travels.<a href="#cite_note-Misteri_Alam_Malaikat-51">[42]</a> While al-Baghawi records their shoulders are as wide as 1 year of journey.<a href="#cite_note-:Muddathri_30;_Baghawi-67">[Quran 6]</a> For the similar case, <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Rajab" title="Ibn Rajab">Ibn Rajab</a> also brought a similar tradition. <a href="#cite_note-68">[Hadith 8]</a><a href="#cite_note-Dahsyatnya_Neraka_Jahannam-17">[13]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Baladhuri" title="Al-Baladhuri">Al-Baladhuri</a> comments on this narration, that the angels which protected Muhammad from Abu Jahl's aggression near Ka'ba were twelve zabaniyah as tall sky.<a href="#cite_note-Encyclopedia-69">[51]</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abdullah_ibn_al-Harith&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abdullah ibn al-Harith (page does not exist)">Abdullah ibn al-Harith</a> [<a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87_%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AB_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B9%D8%AF%D9%8A" class="extiw" title="ar:عبد الله بن الحارث السعدي">ar</a>] has narrated:<a href="#cite_note-70">[Hadith 9]</a><a href="#cite_note-71">[Hadith 10]</a><a href="#cite_note-Dahsyatnya_Neraka_Jahannam-17">[13]</a> "The Zabaniyah angels have placed [<a href="/wiki/Sic" title="Sic">sic</a>] their head in the sky and their feet on the lowest earth".<a href="#cite_note-Hawmarani_Hadith_Encyclopedia-72">[52]</a><a href="#cite_note-الشيخ_الصدوق_المعمر_،_مسند_الوقت_،_أبو_عمر_،_عبد_الواحد_بن_البغدادي_البزاز_.-73">[53]</a><a href="#cite_note-Mushannaf_Ibn_Abi_Shaybah-74">[54]</a> Almost similar narration which also authored by Abdullah ibn al-Harith was quoted by medieval Hadith expert, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ibn_Abi_Hatim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ibn Abi Hatim (page does not exist)">Ibn Abi Hatim</a> [<a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%A3%D8%A8%D9%8A_%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%85" class="extiw" title="ar:ابن أبي حاتم">ar</a>], which transmitted through an anonymous <a href="/wiki/Atharism#Origins" title="Atharism">Atharist</a>, although with slightly different textual: "The Zabaniyah angels have their feets in the sky and their head on the lowest earth [<a href="/wiki/Sic" title="Sic">sic</a>]".<a href="#cite_note-75">[55]</a><a href="#cite_note-77">[Notes 5]</a></li> <li>One of Zabaniyah has its <a href="/wiki/Thorax" title="Thorax">chest</a> as wide as one of the gate of <a href="/wiki/Jahannam" title="Jahannam">Jahannam</a>.<a href="#cite_note-80">[Notes 6]</a></li></ul></li> <li>Tools. According to <a href="/wiki/Ibn_al-Jawzi" title="Ibn al-Jawzi">Ibn al-Jawzi</a>, Zabaniyah angels carrying tools such as iron beater or Mirzabba(مِرْزَبَّة) with two prongs,<a href="#cite_note-Stephen_Burge-8">[5]</a> and whip made of fire.<a href="#cite_note-Bustan_al-Wa'izhin-81">[58]</a> The Zabaniyah angels used these tools to punish the sinners vigorously.<a href="#cite_note-Stephen_Burge-8">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-Bustan_al-Wa'izhin-81">[58]</a> According to <a href="/wiki/Hasan_al-Basri" title="Hasan al-Basri">Hasan al-Basri</a>, the Zabaniyah will drive the sinners into <a href="/wiki/Jahannam" title="Jahannam">hell</a> with "iron hooks".<a href="#cite_note-Lange,_Christian_2015._p._75-3">[3]</a> Other than that, they also carrying hot chains for torturing inmates.<a href="#cite_note-Modern_Tafsir_al-Haqqa_verse_32-82">[59]</a></li> <li>Strength. Ibn Abi Hatim has recorded a Hadith narration from Abdullah ibn al-Harith that the Zabaniyah are the most powerful among angels.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMansur_Abdul_Hakim201517-76">[56]</a> <ul><li>The Zabaniyah angels also characterized being created by Allah to be able to perform any tasks commanded upon them to torture the inmates of hell.<a href="#cite_note-:Tahrim_Ibn_Kathir-83">[Quran 7]</a><a href="#cite_note-Tahrim_6_specific_quotation_of_Ibn_Kathir-84">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-:Tahrim_Sa'di-85">[Quran 8]</a><a href="#cite_note-Tahrim_6;_Ibn_Kathir_&_Sa'di-86">[61]</a> Ibn Kathir has explained that Allah has granted Zabaniyah the abilities to manage a torture for sinners which no one can emulate; and gripping strength that so severe, which no creatures could match.<a href="#cite_note-87">[Quran 9]</a><a href="#cite_note-88">[Quran 10]</a><a href="#cite_note-Quran_Fajr_25-26-89">[62]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Ishaq_al-Tha%27labi" title="Abu Ishaq al-Tha'labi">Abu Ishaq al-Tha'labi</a> gave his commentary about the <a href="/wiki/Asbab_al-Nuzul" title="Asbab al-Nuzul">Asbab al-Nuzul</a> (revelation) of Quran chapter Al-Muddaththir of 30th verse, that even if entire mankind joined forces, they would not be able to defeat a single Zabaniyah angel.<a href="#cite_note-90">[63]</a></li> <li>The Zabaniyah's strength allow them to shove seventy thousand people towards hell in one sweep.<a href="#cite_note-:Muddathri_30;_Baghawi-67">[Quran 6]</a><a href="#cite_note-Tafsir_al-Baghawi-_at_Tahrim_66:6-91">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-92">[Notes 7]</a></li> <li>After the judgment day, One of Zabaniah were described as being able to drag entire sinners who are judged to enter hell while carrying a mountain on his shoulder, which he will use to crush the sinners with the said mountain, after all of them entered hell.<a href="#cite_note-Misteri_Alam_Malaikat-51">[42]</a></li> <li>Al-Qurtubi has quoted <a href="/wiki/Tafsir_al-Tha%27labi" title="Tafsir al-Tha'labi">Tafsir al-Tha'labi</a>,<a href="#cite_note-93">[65]</a> that Zabaniyah has similar metaphysical capability with the <a href="/wiki/Azrael#Islam" title="Azrael">Angel of death</a>, who could take souls of many creatures at once singlehandedly, whereas the Zabaniyah angels could torture sinners at the same time no matter how many sinners existed.<a href="#cite_note-94">[66]</a></li> <li>During the Judgment day, the Zabaniyah angels will lift and dragging out Jahannam from its place to the surface of plain, where all sinners await their judgments.<a href="#cite_note-143rd_Chapter:_about_fear;_Abd_al-Aziz_Ibn_Baz-49">[41]</a></li> <li>After the Judgment day, the inmates of hell will be in blind and deaf condition. However, the Zabaniyah angels possessed ability where those deaf inmates can somehow heard the voices of Zabaniyah who tortured them.<a href="#cite_note-Anbiya_100_Qurtubi-95">[Quran 11]</a><a href="#cite_note-Anbiya_100;_Muhammad_al-Munajjid-96">[67]</a></li></ul></li> <li>Fingers. According to <a href="/wiki/Tawus_ibn_Kaysan" title="Tawus ibn Kaysan">Tawus ibn Kaysan</a> interpretation, the Zabaniyah angels possessed fingers which number equal to the number of the sinners that will be thrown into hell after the judgment day.<a href="#cite_note-Suyuti_fingers-16">[12]</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Qutaybah" title="Ibn Qutaybah">Ibn Qutaybah</a> also further added that the fingers of the leader of Zabaniyah, Maalik, is so hot to the point that if one his finger touched the sky; that finger will cause the sky to melt.<a href="#cite_note-Suyuti_fingers-16">[12]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diya_al-Din_al-Maqdisi" class="mw-redirect" title="Diya al-Din al-Maqdisi">Diya al-Din al-Maqdisi</a> narrated a Hadith transmitted by <a href="/wiki/Anas_ibn_Malik" title="Anas ibn Malik">Anas ibn Malik</a> in his book, Shifah an-Nar; that Zabaniyah were created 1,000 year before hell created, while simultaneously their physical strength growing everyday,<a href="#cite_note-Misteri_Alam_Malaikat-51">[42]</a> to the point that the strength of each of Zabaniyah fingers could squeeze a human from each of their crowns to their ankles.<a href="#cite_note-97">[Notes 8]</a></li></ul></li> <li>Wings. Scholars noted several traditions that Zabaniyah possessed wings, as according to the <a href="/wiki/Hadith" title="Hadith">hadiths</a> of <a href="/wiki/Muslim_ibn_al-Hajjaj" title="Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj">Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj</a>, the Zabaniyah were appeared before Abu Jahl, as <a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a> prayed in the <a href="/wiki/Kaaba" title="Kaaba">Kaaba</a>, one of the Zabaniyah scared <a href="/wiki/Amr_ibn_Hish%C4%81m" class="mw-redirect" title="Amr ibn Hishām">Abu Jahl</a> when he tried to trample on Muhammad's neck with his foot.<a href="#cite_note-98">[68]</a><a href="#cite_note-99">[Hadith 12]</a><a href="#cite_note-Ar-Ruud_al-Unf-100">[69]</a> <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Hajar_al-Asqalani" title="Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani">Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani</a> explores this event in greater detail, stating that Abu Jahl was asked about his retreat whereupon he answered that he suddenly saw winged terrifying monster in a trench filled with flames, between him and Muhammad. This accident were believed by Muslims to be the <a href="/wiki/Asbab_al-Nuzul" title="Asbab al-Nuzul">Asbab al-Nuzul</a> (revelation) of Qur'an chapter <a href="/wiki/Al-Alaq" title="Al-Alaq">al-Alaq</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quran.com/89?startingVerse=18">89:18</a>.<a href="#cite_note-101">[Hadith 13]</a><a href="#cite_note-Explanatory-102">[70]</a><a href="#cite_note-105">[Notes 9]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tasks">Tasks</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Zabaniyah&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Tasks">edit</a>]</div> Modern orientalist and Islamic expert Frederick S. Colby also recorded the description from traditional exegesis that God have made hardness into each of Zabaniyah angel's heart, for they may have no mercy towards the inmates.<a href="#cite_note-Narrating_Muḥammad's_Night_Journey:_Tracing_the_Development_of_the_Ibn_ʿAbbās_Ascension_Discourse-106">[73]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Torturing_sinners_in_afterlife">Torturing sinners in afterlife</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Zabaniyah&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Torturing sinners in afterlife">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_al-Bukhari" title="Muhammad al-Bukhari">Muhammad al-Bukhari</a>, in his commentary of his collection of Hadiths regarding afterlife (<a href="/wiki/Barzakh" title="Barzakh">Barzakh</a>), added that the Zabaniyah will also inflict punishments towards peoples who commit <a href="/wiki/Riba" title="Riba">Riba</a> or <a href="/wiki/Usury" title="Usury">usury</a> by pelting their mouth with rocks while forcing them to swim in river of blood.<a href="#cite_note-Jawahir-107">[74]</a> This hadith described the situation of peoples who commit usury in <a href="/wiki/Barzakh" title="Barzakh">Barzakh</a>, or a realm of afterlife, before the judgment day. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Adam_ibn_Abd_al-aziz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adam ibn Abd al-aziz (page does not exist)">Adam ibn Abd al-aziz</a> describes the zabaniya as angels of death who, according to the <a href="/wiki/Quran" title="Quran">Quran</a> (4:97, 32:11), conduct the souls of sinners and question them in the grave.<a href="#cite_note-108">[75]</a> Similar to the angelic pairs <a href="/wiki/N%C4%81zi%27%C4%81t_and_N%C4%81shi%E1%B9%AD%C4%81t" title="Nāzi'āt and Nāshiṭāt">Nāzi'āt and Nāshiṭāt</a> and <a href="/wiki/Munkar_and_Nakir" title="Munkar and Nakir">Munkar and Nakir</a>, they are assisting <a href="/wiki/Azrael" title="Azrael">Azrael</a> and seize the souls of the injust.<a href="#cite_note-109">[76]</a> <a href="/wiki/Al-Ghazali" title="Al-Ghazali">Ghazali</a> states, they appear as black shadows to the dying person, pull their souls out of their bodies, and drag them to hell.<a href="#cite_note-Lange_2016_Revisiting-31">[26]</a> A detailed narration from Al-Qurtubi has recorded that after the Angel of death has separated the soul of sinner from his body, a Zabaniyah named Daqa'il will restrain the soul with a giant wrap which made from rough hairs and parading the soul to the sky, before throwing the soul towards another Zabaniyah angels, who responded by taking the soul into the Sijjin (سِجِّين), a rock-shaped prison of the sinners below the Barzakh.<a href="#cite_note-Arabic_Tadhkirah;_Zabaniyah-28">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-Tadhkirah_Indonesia;_Zabaniyah-30">[25]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Torturing_sinners_during_judgment_day">Torturing sinners during judgment day</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Zabaniyah&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Torturing sinners during judgment day">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Ka%27b_al-Ahbar" title="Ka'b al-Ahbar">Ka'b al-Ahbar</a> has narrated a long and detailed tradition of Non-canonical regarding the Zabaniyah role during the <a href="/wiki/Judgement_Day_in_Islam" title="Judgement Day in Islam">judgment day</a>, where they were tasked to gather and suppress all the sinners, both Muslims and non-Muslims.<a href="#cite_note-The_enormity_of_Doomsday_Complete_reference_to_the_Day_of_Judgment_and_its_signs_based_on_the_Qur'an_and_Sunnah;-110">[77]</a> Furthermore, ibn Kathir, adding commentaries from narration of hadith transmitted from <a href="/wiki/Abd_Allah_ibn_Mas%27ud" title="Abd Allah ibn Mas'ud">Abd Allah ibn Mas'ud</a>, that whoever wants to be saved from the torture after <a href="/wiki/Judgment_day" class="mw-redirect" title="Judgment day">judgment day</a> should recite the <a href="/wiki/Basmala" title="Basmala">basmala</a> frequently during their life, as it consists of 19 letters in accordance of the number of Zabaniyah.<a href="#cite_note-111">[78]</a><a href="#cite_note-113">[Notes 10]</a> Classical scholars such as <a href="/wiki/Muqatil_ibn_Sulayman" title="Muqatil ibn Sulayman">Muqatil ibn Sulayman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Al-Mawardi" title="Al-Mawardi">al-Mawardi</a> interpreting surah <a href="/wiki/An-Naba" title="An-Naba">An-Naba</a> 78:21 mentioned those angels who guard hell dwell in hell and actively monitoring the infidels until their descent into Hell,<a href="#cite_note-Tafsir_Al-Qurtubi_an_Naba_21-114">[80]</a> while Muhammad Sulaiman al-Ashqar from <a href="/wiki/Islamic_University_of_Madinah" title="Islamic University of Madinah">Islamic University of Madinah</a> also highlights these roles in the same verse.<a href="#cite_note-Modern_Tafsir_an-Naba_verse_21-115">[81]</a> In specific, classical exegesises from Mujahid ibn Jabr, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Muhammad_ibn_Ka%27b&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muhammad ibn Ka'b (page does not exist)">Muhammad ibn Ka'b</a> [<a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF_%D8%A8%D9%86_%D9%83%D8%B9%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%B8%D9%8A" class="extiw" title="ar:محمد بن كعب القرظي">ar</a>], <a href="/wiki/Al-Dahhak_ibn_Muzahim" title="Al-Dahhak ibn Muzahim">Al-Dahhak ibn Muzahim</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ismail_ibn_Abd_al-Rahman_as-Suddi" class="mw-redirect" title="Ismail ibn Abd al-Rahman as-Suddi">Ismail ibn Abd al-Rahman as-Suddi</a> [<a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%AF%D9%8A" class="extiw" title="ar:السدي">ar</a>], and <a href="/wiki/Sufyan_al-Thawri" title="Sufyan al-Thawri">Sufyan al-Thawri</a>; all of them have agreed that one of Zabaniyah duty after the judgment day is to push those who mocked Islam into hell.<a href="#cite_note-116">[Quran 12]</a><a href="#cite_note-Tur_verse_17-117">[82]</a> Ibn Abi Hatim also described Zabaniyah are leading the army of angels.<a href="#cite_note-118">[Notes 11]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Torturing_sinners_in_hell">Torturing sinners in hell</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Zabaniyah&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Torturing sinners in hell">edit</a>]</div> Both modern,<a href="#cite_note-Surat_Al-Haqqah_30_Tafsir_scholars_of_Saudi_&_Indonesia-119">[83]</a> and classical scholars has interpreted the verse of <a href="/wiki/Al-Muddaththir" title="Al-Muddaththir">Al-Muddaththir</a> 69:30 about how the group of Zabaniyah throwing the sinners into Jahannam.<a href="#cite_note-مجموع_رسائل_ابن_رجب_الحنبلي_-_ج_4|trans-title=Collection_of_letters_by_Al-Hafiz_Ibn_Rajab_Al-Janbali-_volume_4;_Zabaniyah-120">[84]</a> <a href="/wiki/Hasan_al-Basri" title="Hasan al-Basri">Hasan al-Basri</a> has described that the task of Zabaniyah is driving sinners to enter hell.<a href="#cite_note-Lange,_Christian_2015._p._75-3">[3]</a> Frederick S. Colby quoted some <a href="/wiki/Isra%27_and_Mi%27raj" title="Isra' and Mi'raj">Isra' and Mi'raj</a> traditions: the zabaniyyat landscape of the first layer of hell and the fiery seas within, as Malik explains to <a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a> that the zabaniyya were created by God inside hell so they have no desire to leave this place and feel comfortable in it.<a href="#cite_note-Narrating_Muḥammad's_Night_Journey:_Tracing_the_Development_of_the_Ibn_ʿAbbās_Ascension_Discourse-106">[73]</a> <a href="/wiki/Abdul-Rahman_al-Sa%27di" title="Abdul-Rahman al-Sa'di">Abdul-Rahman al-Sa'di</a> explained The Zabaniyah are standing tall above <a href="/wiki/Jahannam#Seven_levels" title="Jahannam">Saqar</a>, a place in hell.<a href="#cite_note-Tafsirweb_Religious_affair_ministry_al_Muddathir_29-121">[85]</a> Ibn Kathir further described that each Zabaniyah restrained the sinners who were fated to be thrown to hell are shackling each sinner's arms to their neck before dragging them down.<a href="#cite_note-ik-1">[1]</a> <a href="/wiki/Al-Qurtubi" title="Al-Qurtubi">Al-Qurtubi</a> also adds that the zabaniyah perform their job by using both of their hands and feet in torturing sinners in hell.<a href="#cite_note-122">[86]</a> Ibn Kathir narrated in his <a href="/wiki/Al-Bidaya_wa_l-Nihaya" title="Al-Bidaya wa l-Nihaya">Al-Bidaya wa l-Nihaya</a>, that the Zabaniyah will drag the face of those they torture.<a href="#cite_note-Tafseer_ibn_Kathir-2">[2]</a> In the more expanded details from <a href="/wiki/Tafsir_Ibn_Kathir" title="Tafsir Ibn Kathir">Tafsir Ibn Kathir</a>, it was explained the Zabaniyah will shackle the inmates, cursing them, pouring boiled water on top of their head, while at the same time <a href="/wiki/Force-feeding" title="Force-feeding">force-feeding</a> then with fruits of <a href="/wiki/Zaqqum" title="Zaqqum">Zaqqum</a> tree.<a href="#cite_note-123">[Quran 13]</a><a href="#cite_note-Modern_Tafsir_ibn_kathir_Dukhan_43-50-124">[87]</a> In the interpretation of Quran chapter <a href="/wiki/Al-Haqqa" title="Al-Haqqa">Al-Haqqa</a> verse 32, both Ibn Kathir and <a href="/wiki/Abdul-Rahman_al-Sa%27di" title="Abdul-Rahman al-Sa'di">Abdul-Rahman al-Sa'di</a> gave their explanation that the chains in the verse were meant to be the chains which used by Zabaniyah angels to shackle the inmates in hell. However, al-Sa'di further explained more vividly as the Zabaniyah also will shoving the hot chains to the inmates rectums until it emerged from their mouth; while modern scholars such as Muhammad ibn Shalih ash-Shawi, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Muhammad_Sulaiman_Al-Ashqar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muhammad Sulaiman Al-Ashqar (page does not exist)">Muhammad Sulaiman Al-Ashqar</a> [<a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF_%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B4%D9%82%D8%B1" class="extiw" title="ar:محمد سليمان الأشقر">ar</a>] has traced the exegesis about the torture by shoving of chains into the inmate's rectum was traced from exegesis by <a href="/wiki/Sufyan_al-Thawri" title="Sufyan al-Thawri">Sufyan al-Thawri</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Modern_Tafsir_al-Haqqa_verse_32-82">[59]</a> As for Muslim sinners which has committed huge sins and never repented during their life, The Zabaniyah tasked to shackle them more leniently than non-Muslim, and torture them until all of their sins has paid off with the punishments inflicted, thus release them from hell and sent them all to heaven.<a href="#cite_note-The_enormity_of_Doomsday_Complete_reference_to_the_Day_of_Judgment_and_its_signs_based_on_the_Qur'an_and_Sunnah;-110">[77]</a> Meanwhile, for the non-Muslim, Ka'b has described the Zabaniyah shackle and drag them more severely than Muslim sinners into hell while burning them as they walked in, then punish them for eternity.<a href="#cite_note-The_enormity_of_Doomsday_Complete_reference_to_the_Day_of_Judgment_and_its_signs_based_on_the_Qur'an_and_Sunnah;-110">[77]</a> Ibn Kathir claimed there are several canon Hadith that supported this narration from Ka'b.<a href="#cite_note-125">[Hadith 14]</a><a href="#cite_note-The_enormity_of_Doomsday_Complete_reference_to_the_Day_of_Judgment_and_its_signs_based_on_the_Qur'an_and_Sunnah;-110">[77]</a> According to al-Qurtubi, The Zabaniyah angels will wrap the inmates of hell with a coffins which made from fire, then the said coffins will be wrapped in other coffins which nailed with a nail made of fire, so they will not hear anything, and none of those inmates can see that there is other peoples tortured nearby.<a href="#cite_note-126">[Quran 14]</a><a href="#cite_note-Anbiya_100_Ibn_Kathir-127">[Quran 15]</a><a href="#cite_note-Anbiya_100_Qurtubi-95">[Quran 11]</a><a href="#cite_note-Anbiya_100;_Muhammad_al-Munajjid-96">[67]</a> Sufism tradition narrates regarding the fate after death has narrates that an army of angels of punishment battled against the angels of mercy over the soul of a sinner.<a href="#cite_note-Awn-128">[88]</a>(p56) In some <a href="/wiki/Turkic_mythology" title="Turkic mythology">Turkish lore</a>, it is believed that when both groups battle, their strikes cause thunder.<a href="#cite_note-129">[89]</a> Another task of Zabaniyah angels were found in the interpretation of medieval Sufi scholar, <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Barrajan" title="Ibn Barrajan">Ibn Barrajan</a> (d. 1141) commentary on Sura <a href="/wiki/At-Tur" title="At-Tur">At-Tur</a> that <a href="/wiki/Moses_in_Islam" title="Moses in Islam">Moses</a> and <a href="/wiki/Aaron_in_Islam" title="Aaron in Islam">Aaron</a> are protected by zabaniyah.<a href="#cite_note-lg-130">[90]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cultural_interpretation">Cultural interpretation</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Zabaniyah&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Cultural interpretation">edit</a>]</div> Islamic art commonly pictures them as horrifying demons with flames leaping from their mouth.<a href="#cite_note-131">[91]</a> As part of <a href="/wiki/Isma%27ilism" title="Isma'ilism">Isma'ili</a> eschatology, <a href="/wiki/Nasir_al-Din_al-Tusi" title="Nasir al-Din al-Tusi">Nasir al-Din al-Tusi</a> identified the zabaniya with the <a href="/wiki/Classical_planet" title="Classical planet">seven planets</a>, who administer the upper <a href="/wiki/Barzakh" title="Barzakh">barzakhs</a>, indicating that there is a kind of hell within the celestrial spheres. Accordingly, impure souls remain imprisoned within bodies, missing salvation in purely intellectual existence. The <a href="/wiki/Houri" title="Houri">Houris</a> appear as counterparts of the zabaniya, who are, in contrast to the zabaniya, items of knowledge from the beyond.<a href="#cite_note-132">[92]</a> Alternatively, it has been argued the term might have denoted a class of <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_pre-Islamic_Arabia" title="Religion in pre-Islamic Arabia">pre-Islamic</a> <a href="/wiki/Demon" title="Demon">demons</a>.<a href="#cite_note-133">[93]</a> <a href="/wiki/Al-Khansa" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Khansa">Al-Khansa</a> mentions zabaniya as some sort of demon.<a href="#cite_note-134">[94]</a> Similar to the <a href="/wiki/Jinn" title="Jinn">jinn</a>, they would ride on animals (eagles).<a href="#cite_note-Lange,_Christian_2015._p._80-135">[95]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hubert_Grimme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hubert Grimme (page does not exist)">Hubert Grimme</a> raised the possibility that zabaniya originally referred to a class of Arabian demons.<a href="#cite_note-136">[96]</a> In favor of this theory is, that the poetress <a href="/wiki/List_of_converts_to_Islam" title="List of converts to Islam">convert</a> al-Khansa mentions zabaniya in one of her poems as supernatural creatures similar to <a href="/wiki/Sila_(mythology)" title="Sila (mythology)">Sa'aali</a> (a type of jinn).<a href="#cite_note-Lange,_Christian_2015._p._80-135">[95]</a> Further, <a href="/wiki/Al-Mubarrad" title="Al-Mubarrad">al-Mubarrad</a> associates zabaniya with demons. He states that <a href="/wiki/Ifrit" title="Ifrit">afarit</a> (a type of underworld demon) were sometimes called "ʿifriyya zibniyya".<a href="#cite_note-Lange_2016_Revisiting-31">[26]</a> Another theory holds that this term may derive from Sumerian <a href="/wiki/Babylonian_star_catalogues#Zodiacal_constellations" title="Babylonian star catalogues">zi.ba.an.na</a> ("<a href="/wiki/Libra_(astrology)" title="Libra (astrology)">The Scales</a>") and Assyrian zibanitu (also referring to scales). However, Ibn Kathir has his commentary quoting Quran <a href="/wiki/Al-Muddaththir" title="Al-Muddaththir">Al-Muddaththir</a>,"Over it are nineteen [angels]. And We have not made the keepers of the Fire except angels. And We have not made their number except as a trial for those who disbelieve - that those who were given the Scripture will be convinced and those who have believed will increase in faith and those who were given the Scripture and the believers will not doubt and that those in whose hearts is hypocrisy and the disbelievers will say, "What does Allah intend by this as an example?" Thus does Allah leave astray whom He wills and guides whom He wills. And none knows the soldiers of your Lord except Him. And mention of the Fire is not but a reminder to humanity."[<a href="/wiki/Quran" title="Quran">Quran</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A2002.02.0006%3Asura%3D74%3Averse%3D30">74:30–31</a> (<a href="/wiki/Quran_translations" title="Quran translations">Translated</a> by si)] that the guardians of hells are only from angel race, none other.<a href="#cite_note-ik-1">[1]</a> Christian Lange also argued, since none of the older codices of the Quran (<a href="/wiki/Mus%27haf" class="mw-redirect" title="Mus'haf">Mus'haf</a>) contain variants of this term, it is unlikely it has been changed over time.<a href="#cite_note-137">[97]</a> Although Lange also suggested the word Zabaniyah may have been derived from the <a href="/wiki/Syriac_language" title="Syriac language">syriac</a> shabbāyā. <a href="/wiki/Ephrem" class="mw-redirect" title="Ephrem">Ephrem</a> used this term for angels who conduct the souls after death.<a href="#cite_note-138">[98]</a> As for the number nineteen, independent researcher Gürdal Aksoy suspects it refers to the sum of the seven planets and twelve signs of the zodiac,<a href="#cite_note-139">[99]</a> as found in <a href="/wiki/Mandaeism" title="Mandaeism">Mandaen</a> literature, which, while suggestive, is ultimately inconclusive.<a href="#cite_note-Lange_2016_Revisiting-31">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-140">[100]</a> Scholars such as Richard Bell has found the evidence adduced for this apparent association to lack direct correspondence.<a href="#cite_note-141">[101]</a> In a similar vein, <a href="/wiki/Angelika_Neuwirth" title="Angelika Neuwirth">Angelika Neuwirth</a> sees the Qur'an's reference to nineteen as an "ostentatiously enigmatic element",<a href="#cite_note-142">[102]</a> whereas Alan Jones suggests that "initially the meaning of 'nineteen' would have been vague."<a href="#cite_note-143">[103]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Similarities_with_other_religion">Similarities with other religion</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Zabaniyah&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Similarities with other religion">edit</a>]</div> The idea of punishing angels appears in earlier <a href="/wiki/Abrahamic_religion" class="mw-redirect" title="Abrahamic religion">Abrahamic literature</a>. In the <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_Bible" title="Hebrew Bible">Hebrew Bible</a>, God sents punishing angels to smite enemies (for example, Exodus 12:23).<a href="#cite_note-144">[104]</a> According to the <a href="/wiki/Apocalypse_of_Paul" title="Apocalypse of Paul">Apocalypse of Paul</a>, an angel casts the sinners into hell. In hell, such angels inflict pain on the inmates with iron hooks.<a href="#cite_note-Lange_2016_Revisiting-31">[26]</a>: 63  The <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Enoch" title="Book of Enoch">Book of Enoch</a> mentions punishing angels called satans who act as God's executioners on both sinful humans and <a href="/wiki/Fallen_angel" title="Fallen angel">fallen angels</a>.<a href="#cite_note-145">[105]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Apocalypse_of_Peter" title="Apocalypse of Peter">Apocalypse of Peter</a> also mentions angels torturing the sinners in a place of punishment.<a href="#cite_note-146">[106]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Zabaniyah&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archon_(Gnosticism)" title="Archon (Gnosticism)">Archon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dumah_(angel)" title="Dumah (angel)">Dumah (angel)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Destroying_angel_(Bible)" title="Destroying angel (Bible)">Destroying angel (Bible)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_angels_in_theology" title="List of angels in theology">List of angels in theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kushiel" title="Kushiel">Kushiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maalik" title="Maalik">Maalik</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Appendix">Appendix</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Zabaniyah&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Appendix">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Footnote">Footnote</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Zabaniyah&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Footnote">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-47"><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a> the chain of transmission regarding Zabaniyah consisting numbers was found in Hadith narrated by <a href="/wiki/Amir_al-Sha%27bi" title="Amir al-Sha'bi">Amir al-Sha'bi</a> on the authority of <a href="/wiki/Al-Bara%27_ibn_Azib" title="Al-Bara' ibn Azib">Al-Bara' ibn Azib</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Tafsir_Ibn_Rajab;_Zabaniyah-46">[39]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a> Ibn Hisham narrated in his book about this <a href="/wiki/Hadith" title="Hadith">Hadith</a>,<a href="#cite_note-Misteri_Alam_Malaikat-51">[42]</a> Similar Hadith also recorded by <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_al-Bukhari" title="Muhammad al-Bukhari">Muhammad al-Bukhari</a>.<a href="#cite_note-52">[Hadith 5]</a><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMansur_Abdul_Hakim201515–16-53">[43]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a> Ibn Hisham criticize this transmission has <a href="/wiki/Hadith_terminology#Ḍaʻīf" title="Hadith terminology">weakness</a> in its chain.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMansur_Abdul_Hakim201515–16-53">[43]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a> According to <a href="/wiki/Al-Baghawi" title="Al-Baghawi">Al-Baghawi</a>, this traditional descriptionary about the eyes, mouth, and hair of Zabaniyah were found in a hadith of the prophet with notable transmitter from <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Jurayj" title="Ibn Jurayj">Ibn Jurayj</a>.<a href="#cite_note-62">[48]</a><a href="#cite_note-Tafsir_al-Baghawi;_Qurtubi_quote-_muddathir_30-63">[49]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a> Commentary from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mansoor_%27Abd_al-Hakim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mansoor 'Abd al-Hakim (page does not exist)">Mansoor 'Abd al-Hakim</a> [<a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%85" class="extiw" title="ar:منصور عبد الحكيم">ar</a>] said instead this tradition alternative interpretation the of Abdullah ibn Harith's tradition that "al-zabaniyat 'arjuluhum fi as Sama' wa ra'sihI fi al'ard" meant "The Zabaniyah angels are the strongests (among angels) in the sky and leaders (of angels) in earth [<a href="/wiki/Sic" title="Sic">sic</a>]".<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMansur_Abdul_Hakim201517-76">[56]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a> This narration was deemed low in authenticity due to the existence of Ibrahim ibn al-Hakam ibn Aban in the transmission chain, which Ibn Rajab consider as weak narrator.<a href="#cite_note-78">[Hadith 11]</a> <a href="#cite_note-al_Muddathir_31_Ibn_Rajab_Tafseer:-79">[57]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a> identical commentary from <a href="/wiki/Muhammadiyah" title="Muhammadiyah">Muhammadiyah</a> university highlighting here the words from At-Tahrim verse 6 which describe the Zabaniyah, where Ghilaadhun (severe) were meant to be one of their characteristics of those angels does not have compassion and cruel towards those they tortured.<a href="#cite_note-dw-4">[4]</a> Meanwhile, another characteristic in these verse, Shiddad (mighty or solid) meant as those angels possessed strengths that so great to the point they cannot be defeated by anyone.<a href="#cite_note-dw-4">[4]</a> Tabari also stated narration from <a href="/wiki/Ka%27b_al-Ahbar" title="Ka'b al-Ahbar">Ka'b al-Ahbar</a> that each of Zabaniyah angels armed with two-handled staff which could beat 700,000 peoples in each of its single swing.<a href="#cite_note-Misteri_Alam_Malaikat-51">[42]</a> Similar report on the authority from Ka'b al-Ahbar also came from <a href="/wiki/Abu_Nu%27aym_al-Isfahani" title="Abu Nu'aym al-Isfahani">Abu Nu'aym al-Isfahani</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Tafsir_Ibn_Rajab;_Zabaniyah-46">[39]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a> This narration also transmitted from <a href="/wiki/Hasan_al-Basri" title="Hasan al-Basri">Hasan al-Basri</a>, to his son, Yazid, until ended on Diya al-Din al-Maqdisi.<a href="#cite_note-ik-1">[1]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a> In another tradition which discussed similar case, Al-Qurtubi has mentioned that Abu Jahl witnessed Zabaniyah in a form of a horsemen or mounted knight, instead of monstrous creature.<a href="#cite_note-103">[71]</a><a href="#cite_note-104">[72]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a> This correspondent was mentioned by al-Rutbi in al-Jami’ li Ahkam al-Qur’an (1/92) and Ibn Katheer in his “Tafsir” (1/18) which authored by <a href="/wiki/Abd_Allah_ibn_Mas%27ud" title="Abd Allah ibn Mas'ud">Abd Allah ibn Mas'ud</a>. The narration considered weak by Al-Dhahabi as he quoted the weakness of <a href="/wiki/Sulaiman_al-A%CA%BDmash" class="mw-redirect" title="Sulaiman al-Aʽmash">Sulaiman al-Aʽmash</a> biography of Mizan al-I’tidal. But Al-Suyuti attributed it in “Al-Durr Al-Manthoor” (1/26) to Waki’, and Imam Waki’ bin Al-Jarrah has a famous interpretation.(See: “The National Assembly” by Al-Hafiz Ibn Hajar (p. 113), which he deems the chain of narrators is authentic.<a href="#cite_note-112">[79]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a> Ibn Abi Hatim narrated this chain transmission of Hadith from <a href="/wiki/Companions_of_the_Prophet" title="Companions of the Prophet">Companions of the Prophet</a> named 'Abd Allah ibn al-Harith.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMansur_Abdul_Hakim201515–16-53">[43]</a> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Qur'an_Primary_sources">Qur'an Primary sources</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Zabaniyah&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Qur'an Primary sources">edit</a>]</div> General topic quotes: <ul><li>Nature of Zabaniyah  :<a href="/wiki/At-Tahrim" title="At-Tahrim">At-Tahrim</a> <a href="/wiki/Quran" title="Quran">Quran</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A2002.02.0006%3Asura%3D66%3Averse%3D6">66:6</a><a href="#cite_note-Tafsir_al-Baghawi-_at_Tahrim_66:6-91">[64]</a><a href="#cite_note-:Tahrim_Sa'di-85">[Quran 8]</a></li> <li>"Wardens of hell";<a href="#cite_note-Ahmad_Anshori-9">[6]</a> "Angels of hell"; "The keepers" :<a href="/wiki/Al-Mulk" title="Al-Mulk">Al-Mulk</a> <a href="/wiki/Quran" title="Quran">Quran</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A2002.02.0006%3Asura%3D67%3Averse%3D8">67:8</a><a href="#cite_note-Surat_Al-Mulk_Ayat_8_Tafsir_Muhammad_Sulaiman_Al_Asyqar-11">[7]</a></li> <li>Tools of Zabaniyah  :<a href="/wiki/Al-Haqqa" title="Al-Haqqa">Al-Haqqa</a> <a href="/wiki/Quran" title="Quran">Quran</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A2002.02.0006%3Asura%3D69%3Averse%3D32">69:32</a><a href="#cite_note-Modern_Tafsir_al-Haqqa_verse_32-82">[59]</a></li> <li>"Nineteen Angels of Hell" :<a href="/wiki/Al-Muddaththir" title="Al-Muddaththir">Al-Muddaththir</a> 74:30<a href="#cite_note-Tafsirweb_Religious_affair_ministry_al_Muddathir_30-45">[38]</a></li> <li>Task of Zabaniyah  :<a href="/wiki/An-Naba" title="An-Naba">An-Naba</a> <a href="/wiki/Quran" title="Quran">Quran</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A2002.02.0006%3Asura%3D78%3Averse%3D21">78:21</a><a href="#cite_note-Tafsir_Al-Qurtubi_an_Naba_21-114">[80]</a><a href="#cite_note-Modern_Tafsir_an-Naba_verse_21-115">[81]</a> al-Haqqa <a href="/wiki/Quran" title="Quran">Quran</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A2002.02.0006%3Asura%3D69%3Averse%3D30">69:30</a><a href="#cite_note-Surat_Al-Haqqah_30_Tafsir_scholars_of_Saudi_&_Indonesia-119">[83]</a><a href="#cite_note-مجموع_رسائل_ابن_رجب_الحنبلي_-_ج_4|trans-title=Collection_of_letters_by_Al-Hafiz_Ibn_Rajab_Al-Janbali-_volume_4;_Zabaniyah-120">[84]</a> al-Anbiya <a href="/wiki/Quran" title="Quran">Quran</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A2002.02.0006%3Asura%3D21%3Averse%3D100">21:100</a><<a href="#cite_note-Anbiya_100_Qurtubi-95">[Quran 11]</a><a href="#cite_note-Anbiya_100;_Muhammad_al-Munajjid-96">[67]</a><a href="/wiki/At-Tur" title="At-Tur">at-Tur</a> [<a href="/wiki/Quran" title="Quran">Quran</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A2002.02.0006%3Asura%3D52%3Averse%3D17">52:17</a>]<a href="#cite_note-Tur_verse_17-117">[82]</a><a href="/wiki/Al-Fajr_(surah)" title="Al-Fajr (surah)">al-Fajr</a> [<a href="/wiki/Quran" title="Quran">Quran</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A2002.02.0006%3Asura%3D89%3Averse%3D25-26">89:25-26</a>]<a href="#cite_note-Quran_Fajr_25-26-89">[62]</a></li> <li>Description of Zabaniyah  :<a href="/wiki/Al-Alaq" title="Al-Alaq">Al-Alaq</a> <a href="/wiki/Quran" title="Quran">Quran</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A2002.02.0006%3Asura%3D96%3Averse%3D18">96:18</a><a href="#cite_note-Ahmad_Anshori-9">[6]</a><a href="#cite_note-Al-Durr_Al-Manthur_fi_Tafsir;_Suyuti-147">[107]</a></li></ul> Specific verses Tafsir: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 35em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Al-Alaq" title="Al-Alaq">Al-Alaq</a> <a href="/wiki/Quran" title="Quran">Quran</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A2002.02.0006%3Asura%3D96%3Averse%3D18">96:18</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <a href="/wiki/At-Tahrim" title="At-Tahrim">At-Tahrim</a> <a href="/wiki/Quran" title="Quran">Quran</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A2002.02.0006%3Asura%3D66%3Averse%3D6">66:6</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Al-Muddaththir" title="Al-Muddaththir">Al-Muddaththir</a> <a href="/wiki/Quran" title="Quran">Quran</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A2002.02.0006%3Asura%3D74%3Averse%3D30">74:30</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Al-Mulk" title="Al-Mulk">Al-Mulk</a> <a href="/wiki/Quran" title="Quran">Quran</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A2002.02.0006%3Asura%3D67%3Averse%3D8">67:8</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Tafsir_al-Qurtubi" title="Tafsir al-Qurtubi">Tafsir al-Qurtubi</a> commentary of <a href="/wiki/Al-Alaq" title="Al-Alaq">Al-Alaq</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quran.com/96?startingVerse=18">96:18</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-:Muddathri_30;_Baghawi-67">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:Muddathri_30;_Baghawi_67-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:Muddathri_30;_Baghawi_67-1">b</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quran.ksu.edu.sa/index.php?l=id#aya=74_30&m=hafs&qaree=husary&trans=id_indonesian">Tafsir al-Baghawi al-Muddathir 74:30</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-:Tahrim_Ibn_Kathir-83"><a href="#cite_ref-:Tahrim_Ibn_Kathir_83-0">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quran.ksu.edu.sa/tafseer/katheer/sura66-aya6.html">Tahrim 66:6; Tafsir Al-Qur’an Al-‘Azhim, Ibn Kathir 7:322; narrated from Ibn Abi Hatim recorded from his father, who transmit it from Salamah ibn al-Shabib, who transmit it form Ibrahim ibn Al-Hakam ibn Aban, who transmit it from his father, who hard the narration from Ikrimah</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-:Tahrim_Sa'di-85">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:Tahrim_Sa'di_85-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:Tahrim_Sa'di_85-1">b</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quran.ksu.edu.sa/tafseer/saadi/sura66-aya6.html#saadi">Tafsir as-Sa'di. Tahrim: 6</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quran.ksu.edu.sa/tafseer/katheer/sura89-aya25.html#katheer">Al-Fajr 89:25</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://quran.ksu.edu.sa/tafseer/katheer/sura89-aya26.html">Al-Fajr 89:26 =أي وليس أحد أشد قبضا ووثقا من الزبانية </a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Anbiya_100_Qurtubi-95">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Anbiya_100_Qurtubi_95-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Anbiya_100_Qurtubi_95-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Anbiya_100_Qurtubi_95-2">c</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quran.ksu.edu.sa/tafseer/saadi/sura21-aya100.html">Tafsir Al-Qurtubi” (11/ 345) Al-Anbiya 21:100</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a> <a href="/wiki/At-Tur" title="At-Tur">At-Tur</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quran.com/52?startingVerse=17">52:17</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quran.ksu.edu.sa/tafseer/katheer/sura44-aya47.html#katheer">Ad-Dukhan 44:47</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quran.ksu.edu.sa/tafseer/katheer/sura44-aya48.html#katheer">ad-Dukhan 44:48</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quran.ksu.edu.sa/tafseer/katheer/sura44-aya49.html">ad-Dukhan 44:49</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quran.ksu.edu.sa/tafseer/katheer/sura44-aya50.html">ad-Dukhan 44:50</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a> Tafsir Muhammad al-Amin al-Shinqiti al-Anbiya 21:100 </li> <li id="cite_note-Anbiya_100_Ibn_Kathir-127"><a href="#cite_ref-Anbiya_100_Ibn_Kathir_127-0">^</a> Tafsir Ibn Kathir (5/377) al-Anbiya 21:100. quote: Ibn Abi Hatim transmitted the interpretation of <a href="/wiki/Abd_Allah_ibn_Mas%27ud" title="Abd Allah ibn Mas'ud">Abd Allah ibn Mas'ud</a> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hadith_Primary_sources">Hadith Primary sources</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Zabaniyah&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Hadith Primary sources">edit</a>]</div> General narratives: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hadith_Qudse" class="mw-redirect" title="Hadith Qudse">Hadith Qudse</a> by <a href="/wiki/Al-Bara%27_ibn_Azib" title="Al-Bara' ibn Azib">Al-Bara' ibn Azib</a><a href="#cite_note-Tafsir_Ibn_Rajab;_Zabaniyah-46">[39]</a></li> <li>Hadith <a href="/wiki/Abd_Allah_ibn_Mas%27ud" title="Abd Allah ibn Mas'ud">Abd Allah ibn Mas'ud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunan_al-Tirmidhi" title="Sunan al-Tirmidhi">Sunan al-Tirmidhi</a><a href="#cite_note-Interpretation_of_Quran;_al-Qurtubil;_Zabaniyah_angel-48">[40]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahih_Muslim" title="Sahih Muslim">Sahih Muslim</a>.<a href="#cite_note-:number-50">[Hadith 4]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahih_al-Bukhari" title="Sahih al-Bukhari">Sahih al-Bukhari</a><a href="#cite_note-Jawahir-107">[74]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tafsir_Ibn_Kathir" title="Tafsir Ibn Kathir">Tafsir Ibn Kathir</a><a href="#cite_note-Tafseer_ibn_Kathir-2">[2]</a></li> <li>Al-Durr Al-Manthur<a href="#cite_note-Al-Durr_Al-Manthur_fi_Tafsir;_Suyuti-147">[107]</a></li></ul> Specific narratives: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 35em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:Al-Albani_addendum_to_al-Qurtubi,_Zabaniyah-29"><a href="#cite_ref-:Al-Albani_addendum_to_al-Qurtubi,_Zabaniyah_29-0">^</a> Addendum: <a href="/wiki/Al-Albani" title="Al-Albani">al-Albani</a> deemed this Hadith of Al-Qurtubi as weak in authenticity; Dha'if al-Jami'; p.301 </li> <li id="cite_note-:Ibn_Abbas_Hadith,_Zabaniyah;_Bukhari-32"><a href="#cite_ref-:Ibn_Abbas_Hadith,_Zabaniyah;_Bukhari_32-0">^</a> Sahih Bukhari chains: from Muhammad ibn Bashar->Ghandar->Shu’bah-><a href="/wiki/Qatada_ibn_Di%27ama" title="Qatada ibn Di'ama">Qatada ibn Di'ama</a>->Khalifa->Yazid bin Zurayi->Sa’id->Qatada->Abu Al-Aliyah,-> <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Abbas" title="Ibn Abbas">Ibn Abbas</a>->Muhammad. </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a> Sahih Bukhari and Sahih Muslim; Sahih al-Jami <a href="/wiki/Al-Albani" title="Al-Albani">Al-Albani</a> grading: Authentic. </li> <li id="cite_note-:number-50">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:number_50-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:number_50-1">b</a> <a href="/wiki/Sahih_Muslim" title="Sahih Muslim">Sahih Muslim</a> 2842 <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMuhammad_Al-Munajjid2003" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Al-Munajjid" title="Muhammad Al-Munajjid">Muhammad Al-Munajjid</a> (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://islamqa.info/ar/answers/43012/%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87-%D8%B4%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A8">"إن الله شديد العقاب"</a> [Verily, God is severe in punishment] (in Arabic). Saudi: <a href="/wiki/IslamQA.info" title="IslamQA.info">IslamQA.info</a>. Retrieved 19 March 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D8%A5%D9%86+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87+%D8%B4%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AF+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A8&rft.place=Saudi&rft.pub=IslamQA.info&rft.date=2003&rft.au=Muhammad+Al-Munajjid&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fislamqa.info%2Far%2Fanswers%2F43012%2F%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586-%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D9%2584%25D9%2587-%25D8%25B4%25D8%25AF%25D9%258A%25D8%25AF-%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25B9%25D9%2582%25D8%25A7%25D8%25A8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Sahih_al-Bukhari" title="Sahih al-Bukhari">Sahih al-Bukhari</a> on the authority of <a href="/wiki/Samura_ibn_Jundab" title="Samura ibn Jundab">Samura ibn Jundab</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Fath_al-Bari" title="Fath al-Bari">Fath al-Bari</a> commentary by <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Hajar_al-Asqalani" title="Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani">Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a> Al Haba'ik Fi Akhbar Al Mala'ik, <a href="/wiki/Al-Suyuti" title="Al-Suyuti">al-Suyuti</a>; Hadith transmitted by <a href="/wiki/Ibn_al-Mundhir" title="Ibn al-Mundhir">Ibn al-Mundhir</a> from <a href="/wiki/Abu_Bakr_Ibn_Muj%C4%81hid" title="Abu Bakr Ibn Mujāhid">Abu Bakr Ibn Mujāhid</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a> Hadith narration which traced from <a href="/wiki/Tabi%27un" title="Tabi'un">Tabi'un</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abu_Imran_al-Jawni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abu Imran al-Jawni (page does not exist)">Abu Imran al-Jawni</a> [<a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%A8%D9%88_%D8%B9%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A" class="extiw" title="ar:أبو عمران الجوني">ar</a>]. Ibn Rajab reported this narration contain weakness as there is transmitter named Ibn Lahi'ah, who was notable for the weakness in memorization. However, Ibn Rajab recorded according to his colleagues that this tradition is trustworthy since it is traced before the library of Ibn Lahi'ah burned in an accident; and it was only traditions from after his library being burned that Ibn Lahi'ah's tradition were considered untrustworthy. </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Musnad_Ahmad_ibn_Hanbal" title="Musnad Ahmad ibn Hanbal">Musnad Ahmad ibn Hanbal</a> on the authority of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abdullah_ibn_al-Harith&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abdullah ibn al-Harith (page does not exist)">Abdullah ibn al-Harith</a> [<a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87_%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AB_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B9%D8%AF%D9%8A" class="extiw" title="ar:عبد الله بن الحارث السعدي">ar</a>] </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Musannaf_Ibn_Abi_Shaybah" title="Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah">Musannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Abi_Shaybah" title="Ibn Abi Shaybah">Ibn Abi Shaybah</a>; on the authority of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Abdullah_ibn_al-Harith&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abdullah ibn al-Harith (page does not exist)">Abdullah ibn al-Harith</a> [<a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87_%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AB_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B9%D8%AF%D9%8A" class="extiw" title="ar:عبد الله بن الحارث السعدي">ar</a>] </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a> Hadith tradition from <a href="/w/index.php?title=%27Ikrimah_Mawl%C3%A2_Ibn_%27Abb%C3%A2s&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="'Ikrimah Mawlâ Ibn 'Abbâs (page does not exist)">'Ikrimah Mawlâ Ibn 'Abbâs</a> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%27Ikrimah_Mawl%C3%A2_Ibn_%27Abb%C3%A2s" class="extiw" title="fr:'Ikrimah Mawlâ Ibn 'Abbâs">fr</a>] recorded by <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Rajab" title="Ibn Rajab">Ibn Rajab</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Al-Sirah_al-Nabawiyyah_(Ibn_Hisham)" title="Al-Sirah al-Nabawiyyah (Ibn Hisham)">Al-Sirah al-Nabawiyyah (Ibn Hisham)</a> quotation of Sahih Bukhari: on the authority of <a href="/wiki/Ibn_Abbas" title="Ibn Abbas">ibn Abbas</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Fath_al-Bari" title="Fath al-Bari">Fath al-Bari</a>; explanation of the Hadith in correspond of al-Alaq revelation </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Isra%CA%BCiliyyat" title="Israʼiliyyat">Israʼiliyyat</a> tradition <a href="/wiki/Abu_Nu%27aym_al-Isfahani" title="Abu Nu'aym al-Isfahani">Abu Nu'aym al-Isfahani</a>->His father->Ahmad ibn Muhammad al-Baghdadi->Ibrahim ibn Abdullah al-Junaid->Ubaydillah ibn Muhammad ibn Aisha->Muslim al-Khawash->Furat ibn Said->Zadhan-><a href="/wiki/Ka%27b_al-Ahbar" title="Ka'b al-Ahbar">Ka'b al-Ahbar</a> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Secondary_sources">Secondary sources</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Zabaniyah&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Secondary sources">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFʻUmar_Sulaymān_Ashqar2005" class="citation book cs1">ʻUmar Sulaymān Ashqar (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_szvzgEACAAJ">The World of the Noble Angels: In the Light of the Qurʼan and Sunnah</a>. International Islamic Publishing House. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789960672755" title="Special:BookSources/9789960672755"><bdi>9789960672755</bdi></a>. Retrieved 19 November 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+World+of+the+Noble+Angels%3A+In+the+Light+of+the+Qur%CA%BCan+and+Sunnah&rft.pub=International+Islamic+Publishing+House&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=9789960672755&rft.au=%CA%BBUmar+Sulaym%C4%81n+Ashqar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_szvzgEACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLange2016" class="citation book cs1">Lange, Christian (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1163/j.ctt1w8h1w3">Locating Hell in Islamic Traditions</a>. Brill. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-30136-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-30136-8"><bdi>978-90-04-30136-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1163/j.ctt1w8h1w3">10.1163/j.ctt1w8h1w3</a>. Retrieved 19 November 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Locating+Hell+in+Islamic+Traditions&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2016&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F10.1163%2Fj.ctt1w8h1w3%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.isbn=978-90-04-30136-8&rft.aulast=Lange&rft.aufirst=Christian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F10.1163%2Fj.ctt1w8h1w3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLange2015" class="citation book cs1">Lange, Christian (December 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139014847">Paradise and Hell in Islamic Traditions</a>. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FCBO9781139014847">10.1017/CBO9781139014847</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/1874%2F324216">1874/324216</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781139014847" title="Special:BookSources/9781139014847"><bdi>9781139014847</bdi></a>. Retrieved 19 November 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Paradise+and+Hell+in+Islamic+Traditions&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2015-12&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F1874%2F324216&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FCBO9781139014847&rft.isbn=9781139014847&rft.aulast=Lange&rft.aufirst=Christian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1017%2FCBO9781139014847&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMansur_Abdul_Hakim2015" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Mansur Abdul Hakim (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=nA5wCgAAQBAJ">MALAIKAT MALIK A.S: PENJAGA NERAKA</a> [Maalik the angel PBUH: Guardian of hell] (in Malay). Karya Bestari. pp. 9–10, 15–16. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789678605250" title="Special:BookSources/9789678605250"><bdi>9789678605250</bdi></a>. Retrieved 5 November 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=MALAIKAT+MALIK+A.S%3A+PENJAGA+NERAKA&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E9-%3C%2Fspan%3E10%2C+%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E15-%3C%2Fspan%3E16&rft.pub=Karya+Bestari&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=9789678605250&rft.au=Mansur+Abdul+Hakim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DnA5wCgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> Wikipage: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mansoor_%27Abd_al-Hakim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mansoor 'Abd al-Hakim (page does not exist)">Mansoor 'Abd al-Hakim</a> [<a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%85" class="extiw" title="ar:منصور عبد الحكيم">ar</a>]</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShalih_ibn_Abdullah_ibn_HumaidiWahbah_al-ZuhayliImad_Zuhair_HafidhAbdul-Rahman_al-Sa'di" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Shalih ibn Abdullah ibn Humaidi; <a href="/wiki/Wahbah_al-Zuhayli" title="Wahbah al-Zuhayli">Wahbah al-Zuhayli</a>; Imad Zuhair Hafidh; <a href="/wiki/Abdul-Rahman_al-Sa%27di" title="Abdul-Rahman al-Sa'di">Abdul-Rahman al-Sa'di</a>; Muhammad Sulaiman al-Ashqar. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tafsirweb.com/37323-surat-al-muddatstsir-lengkap.html">"Tafsir Al-Mukhtashar / Markaz Tafsir Riyadh; Tafsir Al-Muyassar Ministry of Saudi Arabia; Zubdatut Tafsir Min Fathil Qadir Islamic University of Medina; Tafsir Al-Wajiz by Wahbah al-Zuhaily; Tafsir Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah; Tafsir as-Sa'di by Abdul-Rahman al-Sa'di; concise Tafseer by Indonesian Ministry of religious affair"</a> (in Indonesian and Arabic). <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Islamic_Affairs,_Dawah_and_Guidance" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Islamic Affairs, Dawah and Guidance">Ministry of Islamic Affairs, Dawah and Guidance</a>; <a href="/wiki/Islamic_University_of_Madinah" title="Islamic University of Madinah">Islamic University of Madinah</a>; <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Religious_Affairs_(Indonesia)" title="Ministry of Religious Affairs (Indonesia)">Ministry of Religious Affairs (Indonesia)</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tafsir+Al-Mukhtashar+%2F+Markaz+Tafsir+Riyadh%3B+Tafsir+Al-Muyassar+Ministry+of+Saudi+Arabia%3B+Zubdatut+Tafsir+Min+Fathil+Qadir+Islamic+University+of+Medina%3B+Tafsir+Al-Wajiz+by+Wahbah+al-Zuhaily%3B+Tafsir+Al-Madinah+Al-Munawwarah%3B+Tafsir+as-Sa%27di+by+Abdul-Rahman+al-Sa%27di%3B+concise+Tafseer+by+Indonesian+Ministry+of+religious+affair&rft.pub=Ministry+of+Islamic+Affairs%2C+Dawah+and+Guidance%3B+Islamic+University+of+Madinah%3B+Ministry+of+Religious+Affairs+%28Indonesia%29&rft.au=Shalih+ibn+Abdullah+ibn+Humaidi&rft.au=Wahbah+al-Zuhayli&rft.au=Imad+Zuhair+Hafidh&rft.au=Abdul-Rahman+al-Sa%27di&rft.au=Muhammad+Sulaiman+al-Ashqar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftafsirweb.com%2F37323-surat-al-muddatstsir-lengkap.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> Explanation of Quran 74th chapter: al Muddathir</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShalih_ibn_Abdullah_ibn_HumaidiWahbah_al-ZuhayliImad_Zuhair_HafidhAbdul-Rahman_al-Sa'di" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Shalih ibn Abdullah ibn Humaidi; <a href="/wiki/Wahbah_al-Zuhayli" title="Wahbah al-Zuhayli">Wahbah al-Zuhayli</a>; Imad Zuhair Hafidh; <a href="/wiki/Abdul-Rahman_al-Sa%27di" title="Abdul-Rahman al-Sa'di">Abdul-Rahman al-Sa'di</a>; Umar al-Muqbil; Hikmat ibn Bashir ibn Yasin al-Musuli. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tafsirweb.com/37306-surat-at-tahrim-lengkap.html">"Tafsir Al-Mukhtashar / Markaz Tafsir Riyadh; Tafsir Al-Muyassar Ministry of Saudi Arabia; Zubdatut Tafsir Min Fathil Qadir Islamic University of Medina; Tafsir Al-Wajiz by Wahbah al-Zuhaily; Tafsir Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah; Li Yaddabbaru Ayatih (Qassim University exegesis by Umar al-Muqbil); Tafsir as-Sa'di by Abdul-Rahman al-Sa'di; concise Tafseer by Indonesian Ministry of religious affair"</a> (in Indonesian and Arabic). <a href="/wiki/Qassim_University" title="Qassim University">Qassim University</a>; <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Islamic_Affairs,_Dawah_and_Guidance" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Islamic Affairs, Dawah and Guidance">Ministry of Islamic Affairs, Dawah and Guidance</a>; <a href="/wiki/Islamic_University_of_Madinah" title="Islamic University of Madinah">Islamic University of Madinah</a>; <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Religious_Affairs_(Indonesia)" title="Ministry of Religious Affairs (Indonesia)">Ministry of Religious Affairs (Indonesia)</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tafsir+Al-Mukhtashar+%2F+Markaz+Tafsir+Riyadh%3B+Tafsir+Al-Muyassar+Ministry+of+Saudi+Arabia%3B+Zubdatut+Tafsir+Min+Fathil+Qadir+Islamic+University+of+Medina%3B+Tafsir+Al-Wajiz+by+Wahbah+al-Zuhaily%3B+Tafsir+Al-Madinah+Al-Munawwarah%3B+Li+Yaddabbaru+Ayatih+%28Qassim+University+exegesis+by+Umar+al-Muqbil%29%3B+Tafsir+as-Sa%27di+by+Abdul-Rahman+al-Sa%27di%3B+concise+Tafseer+by+Indonesian+Ministry+of+religious+affair&rft.pub=Qassim+University%3B+Ministry+of+Islamic+Affairs%2C+Dawah+and+Guidance%3B+Islamic+University+of+Madinah%3B+Ministry+of+Religious+Affairs+%28Indonesia%29&rft.au=Shalih+ibn+Abdullah+ibn+Humaidi&rft.au=Wahbah+al-Zuhayli&rft.au=Imad+Zuhair+Hafidh&rft.au=Abdul-Rahman+al-Sa%27di&rft.au=Umar+al-Muqbil&rft.au=Hikmat+ibn+Bashir+ibn+Yasin+al-Musuli&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftafsirweb.com%2F37306-surat-at-tahrim-lengkap.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> Explanation of Quran 66th chapter: at-Tahrim</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="References">References</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Zabaniyah&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ik-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ik_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ik_1-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ik_1-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-ik_1-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIbn_Kathir2016" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Ibn Kathir (November 2016). Hikmatiar, Ikhlas (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MwdyDQAAQBAJ">Dahsyatnya Hari Kiamat Rujukan Lengkap Hari Kiamat dan Tanda-Tandanya Berdasarkan Al-Qur'an dan As-Sunnah</a> (Paperback) (in Indonesian). Qisthi Press. p. 445. Retrieved 10 August 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dahsyatnya+Hari+Kiamat+Rujukan+Lengkap+Hari+Kiamat+dan+Tanda-Tandanya+Berdasarkan+Al-Qur%27an+dan+As-Sunnah&rft.pages=445&rft.pub=Qisthi+Press&rft.date=2016-11&rft.au=Ibn+Kathir&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMwdyDQAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tafseer_ibn_Kathir-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Tafseer_ibn_Kathir_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tafseer_ibn_Kathir_2-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tafseer_ibn_Kathir_2-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.islamweb.net/ar/library/content/49/1657/%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D9%82%D9%88%D9%84%D9%87-%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%A3%D9%84%D9%85-%D8%AA%D8%B1-%D8%A5%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B0%D9%8A%D9%86-%D9%8A%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%84%D9%88%D9%86-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A2%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87-%D8%A3%D9%86%D9%89-%D9%8A%D8%B5%D8%B1%D9%81%D9%88%D9%86-">"Tafseer ibn Kathir page 158 part 7"</a>. Islamweb.net (in Arabic). p. 158. Retrieved 14 November 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Islamweb.net&rft.atitle=Tafseer+ibn+Kathir+page+158+part+7&rft.pages=158&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.islamweb.net%2Far%2Flibrary%2Fcontent%2F49%2F1657%2F%25D8%25AA%25D9%2581%25D8%25B3%25D9%258A%25D8%25B1-%25D9%2582%25D9%2588%25D9%2584%25D9%2587-%25D8%25AA%25D8%25B9%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D9%2589-%25D8%25A3%25D9%2584%25D9%2585-%25D8%25AA%25D8%25B1-%25D8%25A5%25D9%2584%25D9%2589-%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25B0%25D9%258A%25D9%2586-%25D9%258A%25D8%25AC%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AF%25D9%2584%25D9%2588%25D9%2586-%25D9%2581%25D9%258A-%25D8%25A2%25D9%258A%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AA-%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D9%2584%25D9%2587-%25D8%25A3%25D9%2586%25D9%2589-%25D9%258A%25D8%25B5%25D8%25B1%25D9%2581%25D9%2588%25D9%2586-&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lange,_Christian_2015._p._75-3">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lange,_Christian_2015._p._75_3-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lange,_Christian_2015._p._75_3-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lange,_Christian_2015._p._75_3-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lange,_Christian_2015._p._75_3-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChristian_Lange2015" class="citation book cs1">Christian Lange (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://brill.com/edcollbook-oa/title/31679?language=en">Locating Hell in Islamic Traditions</a>. Brill. p. 75. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-30136-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-30136-8"><bdi>978-90-04-30136-8</bdi></a>. Retrieved 4 January 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Locating+Hell+in+Islamic+Traditions&rft.pages=75&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-90-04-30136-8&rft.au=Christian+Lange&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbrill.com%2Fedcollbook-oa%2Ftitle%2F31679%3Flanguage%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-dw-4">^ <a href="#cite_ref-dw_4-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-dw_4-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-dw_4-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDoli_Witro2019" class="citation journal cs1">Doli Witro (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jurnal.um-tapsel.ac.id/index.php/al-muaddib/article/view/1190">"Islamic Religious Education in the Family to Strengthen National Resilience of Surah At-Tahrim Verse 6 Perspective"</a>. Al-Muaddib: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial Dan Keislaman. 4 (2): 309. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2549-0427">2549-0427</a>. Retrieved 2 September 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Al-Muaddib%3A+Jurnal+Ilmu-Ilmu+Sosial+Dan+Keislaman&rft.atitle=Islamic+Religious+Education+in+the+Family+to+Strengthen+National+Resilience+of+Surah+At-Tahrim+Verse+6+Perspective&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=309&rft.date=2019&rft.issn=2549-0427&rft.au=Doli+Witro&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjurnal.um-tapsel.ac.id%2Findex.php%2Fal-muaddib%2Farticle%2Fview%2F1190&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Stephen_Burge-8">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Stephen_Burge_8-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stephen_Burge_8-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stephen_Burge_8-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStephen_Burge2015" class="citation book cs1">Stephen Burge (December 22, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZzVACwAAQBAJ">Angels in Islam Jalal Al-Din Al-Suyuti's Al-Haba'ik Fi Akhbar Al-mala'ik</a> (ebook). Taylor & Francis. pp. 277, 152. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781136504747" title="Special:BookSources/9781136504747"><bdi>9781136504747</bdi></a>. Retrieved 18 November 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Angels+in+Islam+Jalal+Al-Din+Al-Suyuti%27s+Al-Haba%27ik+Fi+Akhbar+Al-mala%27ik&rft.pages=277%2C+152&rft.pub=Taylor+%26+Francis&rft.date=2015-12-22&rft.isbn=9781136504747&rft.au=Stephen+Burge&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZzVACwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-136-50474-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-136-50474-7">978-1-136-50474-7</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ahmad_Anshori-9">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ahmad_Anshori_9-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ahmad_Anshori_9-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ahmad_Anshori_9-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAhmad_Anshori2015" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Ahmad Anshori (16 September 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://muslim.or.id/26476-kampung-akhirat-2-penjaga-penjaga-neraka.html">"Kampung Akhirat (2) : Penjaga-Penjaga Neraka"</a> [Afterlife country (2) : Guardians of Hell]. muslim.or.id (in Indonesian and Arabic). Copyright © 2024 muslim.or.id. Retrieved 30 June 2024. <q>Al Jannatu and Naar, by Prof. Dr. Umar Sulaiman Abdullah Al Asy-qar. Published by: Dar An Nafais. Go. Th 1432 H.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=muslim.or.id&rft.atitle=Kampung+Akhirat+%282%29+%3A+Penjaga-Penjaga+Neraka&rft.date=2015-09-16&rft.au=Ahmad+Anshori&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmuslim.or.id%2F26476-kampung-akhirat-2-penjaga-penjaga-neraka.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Surat_Al-Mulk_Ayat_8_Tafsir_Muhammad_Sulaiman_Al_Asyqar-11">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Surat_Al-Mulk_Ayat_8_Tafsir_Muhammad_Sulaiman_Al_Asyqar_11-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Surat_Al-Mulk_Ayat_8_Tafsir_Muhammad_Sulaiman_Al_Asyqar_11-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMuhammad_Sulaiman_Al_Ashqar" class="citation web cs1">Muhammad Sulaiman Al Ashqar. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tafsirweb.com/11036-surat-al-mulk-ayat-8.html">"Surat Al-Mulk Ayat 8; Zubdatut Tafsir Min Fathil Qadir"</a>. Tafsirweb. <a href="/wiki/Islamic_University_of_Madinah" title="Islamic University of Madinah">Islamic University of Madinah</a>; <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Religious_Affairs_(Indonesia)" title="Ministry of Religious Affairs (Indonesia)">Ministry of Religious Affairs (Indonesia)</a>; <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Islamic_Affairs,_Dawah_and_Guidance" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Islamic Affairs, Dawah and Guidance">Ministry of Islamic Affairs, Dawah and Guidance</a>. Retrieved 14 November 2023. <q>Zubdatut Tafsir Min Fathil Qadir / Syaikh Dr. Muhammad Sulaiman Al Asyqar, mudarris tafsir Universitas Islam Madinah 8. تَكَادُ تَمَيَّزُ مِنَ الْغَيْظِ ۖ (hampir-hampir (neraka) itu terpecah-pecah lantaran marah) Yakni neraka hampir-hampir terpecah akibat besarnya kemarahannya terhadap orang-orang kafir. كُلَّمَآ أُلْقِىَ فِيهَا فَوْجٌ(Setiap kali dilemparkan ke dalamnya sekumpulan (orang-orang kafir)) Makna (الفوج) adalah sekelompok manusia. سَأَلَهُمْ خَزَنَتُهَآ(penjaga-penjaga (neraka itu) bertanya kepada mereka) Yakni para malaikat penjaga neraka bertanya untuk memperolok mereka. أَلَمْ يَأْتِكُمْ(Apakah belum pernah datang kepada kamu) Ketika di dunia.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tafsirweb&rft.atitle=Surat+Al-Mulk+Ayat+8%3B+Zubdatut+Tafsir+Min+Fathil+Qadir&rft.au=Muhammad+Sulaiman+Al+Ashqar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftafsirweb.com%2F11036-surat-al-mulk-ayat-8.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hell_and_Suffering_In_Matthew_23:33:_Comparison_Study_Of_The_Concept_Of_Hell_And_Suffering_In_The_Bible_And_Quran;_Clarry_Paul_Tangkudung-12"><a href="#cite_ref-Hell_and_Suffering_In_Matthew_23:33:_Comparison_Study_Of_The_Concept_Of_Hell_And_Suffering_In_The_Bible_And_Quran;_Clarry_Paul_Tangkudung_12-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClarry_Paul_Tangkudung2021" class="citation journal cs1">Clarry Paul Tangkudung (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.31154/ktr.v2i1.603.64-86">"Hell and Suffering In Matthew 23:33: Comparison Study Of The Concept Of Hell And Suffering In The Bible And Quran"</a>. Klabat Theological Re View. 2 (1). <a href="/wiki/Klabat_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Klabat University">Klabat University</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.31154%2Fktr.v2i1.603.64-86">10.31154/ktr.v2i1.603.64-86</a> (inactive 1 November 2024). <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2723-4320">2723-4320</a>. Retrieved 15 March 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Klabat+Theological+Re+View&rft.atitle=Hell+and+Suffering+In+Matthew+23%3A33%3A+Comparison+Study+Of+The+Concept+Of+Hell+And+Suffering+In+The+Bible+And+Quran&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=1&rft.date=2021&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.31154%2Fktr.v2i1.603.64-86&rft.issn=2723-4320&rft.au=Clarry+Paul+Tangkudung&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.31154%2Fktr.v2i1.603.64-86&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024 (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024" title="Category:CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELange2015274-13"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELange2015274_13-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFLange2015">Lange 2015</a>, p. 274. </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAl-Qurtubi" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Al-Qurtubi" title="Al-Qurtubi">Al-Qurtubi</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quran.com/en/96:18/tafsirs/ar-tafseer-al-qurtubi">"Tafseer al-Qurtubi al-Alaq 98:18"</a>. quran.com (in Arabic). Quran.com. Retrieved 8 July 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=quran.com&rft.atitle=Tafseer+al-Qurtubi+al-Alaq+98%3A18&rft.au=Al-Qurtubi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fquran.com%2Fen%2F96%3A18%2Ftafsirs%2Far-tafseer-al-qurtubi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Islamweb_Tafsir_al-Qurtubi;_al-A'laq_18-15">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Islamweb_Tafsir_al-Qurtubi;_al-A'laq_18_15-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Islamweb_Tafsir_al-Qurtubi;_al-A'laq_18_15-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAl-Qurtubi" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Al-Qurtubi" title="Al-Qurtubi">Al-Qurtubi</a>. "20". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.islamweb.net/ar/library/index.php?page=bookslist&publisher=&author=130">تفسير القرطبي</a> [Interpretation of al-Qurtubi] (in Arabic). دار الفكر. p. 113. Retrieved 8 July 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=20&rft.btitle=%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B1+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%B7%D8%A8%D9%8A&rft.pages=113&rft.pub=%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%83%D8%B1&rft.au=Al-Qurtubi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.islamweb.net%2Far%2Flibrary%2Findex.php%3Fpage%3Dbookslist%26publisher%3D%26author%3D130&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Suyuti_fingers-16">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Suyuti_fingers_16-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Suyuti_fingers_16-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Suyuti_fingers_16-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAl-Suyuti2021" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Al-Suyuti" title="Al-Suyuti">Al-Suyuti</a> (2021). Muhammad as Said Basyuni, Abu Hajir; Yasir, Muhammad (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=iDxQEAAAQBAJ">Misteri Alam Malaikat</a> (Religion / Islam / General) (in Indonesian). Translated by Mishabul Munir. Pustaka al-Kautsar. pp. 29–33, 72, 172. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789795929512" title="Special:BookSources/9789795929512"><bdi>9789795929512</bdi></a>. Retrieved 6 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Misteri+Alam+Malaikat&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E29-%3C%2Fspan%3E33%2C+72%2C+172&rft.pub=Pustaka+al-Kautsar&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=9789795929512&rft.au=Al-Suyuti&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DiDxQEAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> Reference from: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAbu_Muhammad_Abdullah_bin_Muslim_ibn_Qutayba_al-Dinawari1994" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Qutaybah" title="Ibn Qutaybah">Abu Muhammad Abdullah bin Muslim ibn Qutayba al-Dinawari</a> (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://shamela.ws/book/23790">Uyun al-Akhbar</a> (in Arabic). Dar al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah. Retrieved 26 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Uyun+al-Akhbar&rft.pub=Dar+al-Kutub+al-Ilmiyyah&rft.date=1994&rft.au=Abu+Muhammad+Abdullah+bin+Muslim+ibn+Qutayba+al-Dinawari&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fshamela.ws%2Fbook%2F23790&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dahsyatnya_Neraka_Jahannam-17">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Dahsyatnya_Neraka_Jahannam_17-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dahsyatnya_Neraka_Jahannam_17-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dahsyatnya_Neraka_Jahannam_17-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dahsyatnya_Neraka_Jahannam_17-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dahsyatnya_Neraka_Jahannam_17-4">e</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLukman_HakiemSultan_MufitMuhammad_Miftahudin2010" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Lukman Hakiem; Sultan Mufit; Muhammad Miftahudin (July 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=pdziCQAAQBAJ">Faisal Baasir politik jalan terus; Dahsyatnya Neraka Jahannam</a> (in Indonesian). Yayasan Dharmapena Nusantara. pp. 219–220. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789799533050" title="Special:BookSources/9789799533050"><bdi>9789799533050</bdi></a>. Retrieved 10 September 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Faisal+Baasir+politik+jalan+terus%3B+Dahsyatnya+Neraka+Jahannam&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E219-%3C%2Fspan%3E220&rft.pub=Yayasan+Dharmapena+Nusantara&rft.date=2010-07&rft.isbn=9789799533050&rft.au=Lukman+Hakiem&rft.au=Sultan+Mufit&rft.au=Muhammad+Miftahudin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DpdziCQAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-A_Dictionary_of_Islam_Being_a_Cyclopædia_of_the_Doctrines,_Rites,_Ceremonies,_and_Customs,_Together_with_the_Technical_and_Theological_Terms,_of_the_Muhammadan_Religion-18"><a href="#cite_ref-A_Dictionary_of_Islam_Being_a_Cyclopædia_of_the_Doctrines,_Rites,_Ceremonies,_and_Customs,_Together_with_the_Technical_and_Theological_Terms,_of_the_Muhammadan_Religion_18-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThomas_Patrick_Hughes2009" class="citation book cs1">Thomas Patrick Hughes (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rDtbAAAAQAAJ">A Dictionary of Islam Being a Cyclopædia of the Doctrines, Rites, Ceremonies, and Customs, Together with the Technical and Theological Terms, of the Muhammadan Religion</a>. W.H. Allen / Oxford University. p. 15. Retrieved 24 October 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Dictionary+of+Islam+Being+a+Cyclop%C3%A6dia+of+the+Doctrines%2C+Rites%2C+Ceremonies%2C+and+Customs%2C+Together+with+the+Technical+and+Theological+Terms%2C+of+the+Muhammadan+Religion&rft.pages=15&rft.pub=W.H.+Allen+%2F+Oxford+University&rft.date=2009&rft.au=Thomas+Patrick+Hughes&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DrDtbAAAAQAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Angels_A_to_Z-19"><a href="#cite_ref-Angels_A_to_Z_19-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJames_R_LewisEvelyn_Dorothy_Oliver2008" class="citation book cs1">James R Lewis; Evelyn Dorothy Oliver (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=56B7fmmlt6QC">Angels A to Z</a> (ebook). Visible Ink Press. p. 233. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781578592579" title="Special:BookSources/9781578592579"><bdi>9781578592579</bdi></a>. Retrieved 24 October 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Angels+A+to+Z&rft.pages=233&rft.pub=Visible+Ink+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=9781578592579&rft.au=James+R+Lewis&rft.au=Evelyn+Dorothy+Oliver&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D56B7fmmlt6QC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-al-'Alam_al_Malaikah_al-Abrar-20"><a href="#cite_ref-al-'Alam_al_Malaikah_al-Abrar_20-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUmar_Sulaiman_Al-Ashqar1995" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Umar Sulaiman Al-Ashqar (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9fYB6yOpesYC">al-'Alam al Malaikah al-Abrar</a> (Paperback) (in Arabic). Jordan: Dar an Nfs. Retrieved 24 October 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=al-%27Alam+al+Malaikah+al-Abrar&rft.place=Jordan&rft.pub=Dar+an+Nfs&rft.date=1995&rft.au=Umar+Sulaiman+Al-Ashqar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9fYB6yOpesYC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bqGVThEcC_w&t=1684s&t=24m30">Video</a> on <a href="/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube video (identifier)">YouTube</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ertan_2015-21"><a href="#cite_ref-Ertan_2015_21-0">^</a> Ürkmez, Ertan. "Türk-İslâm mitolojisi bağlamında Mi ‘râç motifi ve Türkiye kültür tarihine yansımaları." (2015). </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMuhammad_Abduh_Tuasikal2017" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Muhammad Abduh Tuasikal (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rumaysho.com/16679-hadits-arbain-02-cakupan-rukun-iman.html">"Hadits Arbain #02: Cakupan Rukun Iman"</a> [Forty Hadith #02: Coverage of a pillar of faith]. rumaysho.com (in Indonesian and Arabic). Yayasan Rumaysho Academy Indonesia. Retrieved 6 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=rumaysho.com&rft.atitle=Hadits+Arbain+%2302%3A+Cakupan+Rukun+Iman&rft.date=2017&rft.au=Muhammad+Abduh+Tuasikal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frumaysho.com%2F16679-hadits-arbain-02-cakupan-rukun-iman.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> Excerpts from: <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUmar_Sulaiman_al-Ashqar1983" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Umar Sulaiman al-Ashqar (1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://shamela.ws/book/9967">عالم الملائكة الأبرار</a> [The realm of righteous angels] (in Arabic). Dar An-Nafais. Retrieved 6 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%83%D8%A9+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B1&rft.pub=Dar+An-Nafais&rft.date=1983&rft.au=Umar+Sulaiman+al-Ashqar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fshamela.ws%2Fbook%2F9967&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFal-Uthaymin1983" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Al-Uthaymin" title="Al-Uthaymin">al-Uthaymin</a> (1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/20200203_20200203_0746">شرح الأربعين النووية للعثيمين</a> [Explanation of the Forty Hadith of Nawawi by Al-Uthaymeen] (in Arabic). Dar Ats-Tsuraya. Retrieved 6 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%AD+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%B9%D9%8A%D9%86+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%88%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A9+%D9%84%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%AB%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86&rft.pub=Dar+Ats-Tsuraya.&rft.date=1983&rft.au=al-Uthaymin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2F20200203_20200203_0746&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFal-Uthaymin1979" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Al-Uthaymin" title="Al-Uthaymin">al-Uthaymin</a> (1979). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/1023-pdf_202101">شريعة لمعة الإعتقاد</a> [Sharia of the sparkle of belief] (in Arabic). Dar Ats-Tsuraya. Retrieved 6 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B9%D8%A9+%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B9%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%AF&rft.pub=Dar+Ats-Tsuraya.&rft.date=1979&rft.au=al-Uthaymin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2F1023-pdf_202101&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"></li></ul> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMuhammad_Abduh_Tuasikal2019" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Muhammad Abduh Tuasikal (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rumaysho.com/19676-syarhus-sunnah-beriman-kepada-malaikat-05.html">"Syarhus Sunnah: Beriman kepada Malaikat #05"</a> [Explanation of Sunnah: Belief in angels #05]. rumaysho.com (in Indonesian and Arabic). Yayasan Rumaysho Academy Indonesia. Retrieved 6 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=rumaysho.com&rft.atitle=Syarhus+Sunnah%3A+Beriman+kepada+Malaikat+%2305&rft.date=2019&rft.au=Muhammad+Abduh+Tuasikal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frumaysho.com%2F19676-syarhus-sunnah-beriman-kepada-malaikat-05.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> Excerpts from: <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAl-Muzani1990" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Al-Muzani" title="Al-Muzani">Al-Muzani</a> (1990). ‘Azzun, Jamal (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://safinatulnajat.com/shop/%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%AD-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%85-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B2%D9%86%D9%8A-%D8%B7-%D9%85%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%A9-%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84/">شرح السنة</a> [Explanation of Sunnah] (in Arabic). Maktabah Dar al Minhaj. Retrieved 6 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%AD+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%A9&rft.pub=Maktabah+Dar+al+Minhaj&rft.date=1990&rft.au=Al-Muzani&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsafinatulnajat.com%2Fshop%2F%25D8%25B4%25D8%25B1%25D8%25AD-%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25B3%25D9%2586%25D8%25A9-%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25A7%25D9%2585%25D8%25A7%25D9%2585-%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D9%2585%25D8%25B2%25D9%2586%25D9%258A-%25D8%25B7-%25D9%2585%25D9%2583%25D8%25AA%25D8%25A8%25D8%25A9-%25D8%25AF%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B1-%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIbn_Kathir1989" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Kathir" title="Ibn Kathir">Ibn Kathir</a> (1989). ibn Bashir ibn Yasin, Hikmat (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ibnaljawzi.com/ZoOgQp/">تفسير القرآن العظيم</a> [Interpretation of the Great Quran] (in Arabic). Maktabah Dar al Minhaj. 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Al-Dani bin Munir Al-Zahwi Al-Amili Al-Salafi, Abu Abdullah (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ketabonline.com/ar/books/16293/read?part=1&page=10&index=2474479/2474484">التذكرة بأحوال الموتى وأمور الآخرة ط</a> [Reminder of the Conditions of the Dead and the Matters of the Hereafter] (in Arabic). Vol. 1. Beirut: المكتبة العصرية. p. 79. Retrieved 4 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B0%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A9+%D8%A8%D8%A3%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%89+%D9%88%D8%A3%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A2%D8%AE%D8%B1%D8%A9+%D8%B7&rft.place=Beirut&rft.pages=79&rft.pub=%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%A9+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B5%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9&rft.date=2001&rft.au=Al-Qurtubi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fketabonline.com%2Far%2Fbooks%2F16293%2Fread%3Fpart%3D1%26page%3D10%26index%3D2474479%2F2474484&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tadhkirah_Indonesia;_Zabaniyah-30">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Tadhkirah_Indonesia;_Zabaniyah_30-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tadhkirah_Indonesia;_Zabaniyah_30-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAl-Qurtubi2005" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Al-Qurtubi" title="Al-Qurtubi">Al-Qurtubi</a> (2005). Abdillah Noor Ridho, M.; Ihsan, Muhammad (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bLZyDwAAQBAJ">At-Tadzkirah Jilid 1: Bekal Menghadapi Kehidupan Abadi</a> [At-Tadzkirah Volume 1: Provisions for Facing Eternal Life] (in Indonesian). Translated by Anshori Umar Sitanggal. Cipinang, Id: Pustaka al-Kautsar. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9795926322" title="Special:BookSources/9795926322"><bdi>9795926322</bdi></a>. 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"Revisiting Hell's Angels in the Quran". Locating Hell in Islamic Traditions. 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Retrieved 18 November 2023. <q>3067 حدثنا محمد بن بشار حدثنا غندر حدثنا شعبة عن قتادة ح و قال لي خليفة حدثنا يزيد بن زريع حدثنا سعيد عن قتادة عن أبي العالية حدثنا ابن عم نبيكم يعني ابن عباس رضي الله عنهما عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم قال رأيت ليلة أسري بي موسى رجلا آدم طوالا جعدا كأنه من رجال شنوءة ورأيت عيسى رجلا مربوعا مربوع الخلق [ ص: 1183 ] إلى الحمرة والبياض سبط الرأس ورأيت مالكا خازن النار والدجال في آيات أراهن الله إياه فلا تكن في مرية من لقائه قال أنس وأبو بكرة عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم تحرس الملائكة المدينة من الدجال</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Islamweb.net&rft.atitle=Sahih+Al-Bukhari&rft.date=1993&rft.au=Muhammad+al-Bukhari&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.islamweb.net%2Far%2Flibrary%2Fcontent%2F0%2F3071%2F%25D8%25A8%25D8%25A7%25D8%25A8-%25D8%25B0%25D9%2583%25D8%25B1-%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D9%2585%25D9%2584%25D8%25A7%25D8%25A6%25D9%2583%25D8%25A9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sahih_Muslim_and_Bukhari_about_angel_Maalik;_Al-Albani-35"><a href="#cite_ref-Sahih_Muslim_and_Bukhari_about_angel_Maalik;_Al-Albani_35-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMuhammad_Nashiruddin_Al-Albani" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Muhammad Nashiruddin Al-Albani. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dorar.net/hadith/sharh/70350">"الرئيسة الموسوعة الحديثية شروح الأحاديث/ Home The Hadith Encyclopedia Explanations of Hadiths"</a>. الموسوعة الحديثية/Modern Encyclopedia (in Arabic). 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Retrieved 18 November 2023. <q>Narrator: Abdullah bin Abbas Updated: Al-Albani Source: Sahih Al-Jami'; page or number: 3477; Summary of the hadith's ruling: Sahih Graduation: Narrated by Al-Bukhari (3239) and the pronunciation is his, and Muslim (165)</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B9%D8%A9+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AB%D9%8A%D8%A9%2FModern+Encyclopedia&rft.atitle=%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%A9+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B9%D8%A9+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AB%D9%8A%D8%A9+%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AD+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AB%2F+Home+The+Hadith+Encyclopedia+Explanations+of+Hadiths&rft.au=Muhammad+Nashiruddin+Al-Albani&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdorar.net%2Fhadith%2Fsharh%2F70350&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMansur_Abdul_Hakim20159–10-36"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMansur_Abdul_Hakim20159–10_36-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFMansur_Abdul_Hakim2015">Mansur Abdul Hakim (2015)</a>, p. 9–10:... malaikat yang lain.” Lalu aku bertanya kepada Jibril, “Wahai Jibril, siapakah malaikat ini yang berkata kepadaku seperti perkataan para malaikat, namun dia tidak ketawa kepadaku dan aku tidak melihat kegembiraan darinya seperti yang aku </li> <li id="cite_note-الرد_على_المنطقيين;_Ibn_Taymiyya-37">^ <a href="#cite_ref-الرد_على_المنطقيين;_Ibn_Taymiyya_37-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-الرد_على_المنطقيين;_Ibn_Taymiyya_37-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIbn_Taymiyya" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Taymiyya" title="Ibn Taymiyya">Ibn Taymiyya</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.islamicbook.ws/amma/alrd-ala-almntqiin-004.html">الرد على المنطقيين</a> [Response to Logicians] (in Arabic). islamicbook. Retrieved 15 March 2024. <q>تعالى في صفة اهل النار سأصلية سقر ومآ ادراك ما سقر لا تبقى ولا تذر لواحة للبشر عليها تسعة عشر وما جعنا اصحاب النار الا ملائكة وما جعلنا عدتهم الا فتنة للذين كفروا ليستيقن الذين اوتوا الكتب ويزداد الذين امنوا ايمانا ولا يرتاب الذين اوتوا الكتب والمؤمنون وليقول الذين في قلوبهم مرض والكافرون ماذا اراد الله بهذا مثلا كذلك يضل الله من يشآء ويهدي من يشآء وما يعلم جنود ربك الا هو وما هي الا ذكرى للبشر المدثر وقال تعالى فليدع ناديه سندع الزبانية العلق قال غير واحد من الصحابة والتابعين كأبي هريرة وعبد الله بن الحارث وعطاء هم الملائكة وقال قتادة الزبانية في كلام العرب الشرط وقال مقاتل هم خزنة جهنم قال اهل اللغة كابن قتية وغيره هو مأخوذ من الزبن وهو الدفع كأنهم يدفعون اهل النار اليها قال ابن دريد الزبن الدفع يقال ناقة زبون اذا زبنت حالبها دفعته برجلها وتزابن القوم تداراوا واشتقاق الزبانية من الزبن</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%AF+%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%89+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B7%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%8A%D9%86&rft.pub=islamicbook&rft.au=Ibn+Taymiyya&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.islamicbook.ws%2Famma%2Falrd-ala-almntqiin-004.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-almunir_fi_gharib_alsharh_alkabir-38">^ <a href="#cite_ref-almunir_fi_gharib_alsharh_alkabir_38-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-almunir_fi_gharib_alsharh_alkabir_38-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAbu_al_Abbas_al-Fayoumi" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Abu al Abbas al-Fayoumi. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.islamweb.net/ar/library/content/45/1528/">"almunir fi gharib alsharh alkabir"</a>. Islamweb.net (in Arabic). p. 251. Retrieved 14 November 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Islamweb.net&rft.atitle=almunir+fi+gharib+alsharh+alkabir&rft.pages=251&rft.au=Abu+al+Abbas+al-Fayoumi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.islamweb.net%2Far%2Flibrary%2Fcontent%2F45%2F1528%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-al-Miṣbāḥ_al-munīr_muʻjam_ʻArabī-ʻArabī-39"><a href="#cite_ref-al-Miṣbāḥ_al-munīr_muʻjam_ʻArabī-ʻArabī_39-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAḥmad_ibn_Muḥammad_Fayyūmī1987" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad Fayyūmī (1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cucrAAAAMAAJ">al-Miṣbāḥ al-munīr muʻjam ʻArabī-ʻArabī</a> (in Arabic). Maktabat Lubnān. p. 95. 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Bin Baz foundation]. 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Al-Kautsar. pp. 72–74. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789795929512" title="Special:BookSources/9789795929512"><bdi>9789795929512</bdi></a>. Retrieved 1 August 2023. <q>53 dalam kitab 'Uyun Al-Akhbar melansir dari Thawus bahwa Allah menciptakan Malik, dan menciptakan untuknya jari-jari sejumlah penghuni neraka.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Misteri+Alam+Malaikat&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E72-%3C%2Fspan%3E74&rft.pub=Al-Kautsar&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=9789795929512&rft.au=Imam+Jalaluddin+Abdurrahman+As-Suyuthi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DiDxQEAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMansur_Abdul_Hakim201515–16-53">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMansur_Abdul_Hakim201515–16_53-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMansur_Abdul_Hakim201515–16_53-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMansur_Abdul_Hakim201515–16_53-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMansur_Abdul_Hakim201515–16_53-3">d</a> <a href="#CITEREFMansur_Abdul_Hakim2015">Mansur Abdul Hakim (2015)</a>, p. 15–16. </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWahid_bin_Abdullah_Abu_Al-Majd2022" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Wahid bin Abdullah Abu Al-Majd (2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.alukah.net/sharia/0/158963/%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AB%D9%8A%D8%A9-7-%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AB-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D8%A4%D9%8A%D8%A7/">"Among the benefits of hadith"</a>. 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Retrieved 14 November 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=19&rft.btitle=%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B1+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%B7%D8%A8%D9%8A&rft.pages=74&rft.pub=%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D9%83%D8%B1&rft.date=2019&rft.au=Ab%C5%AB+Mu%E1%B8%A5ammad+al-%E1%B8%A4usayn+ibn+Mas%CA%BB%C5%ABd+ibn+Mu%E1%B8%A5ammad+al-Farr%C4%81%27+al-Baghaw%C4%AB&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.islamweb.net%2Far%2Flibrary%2Fcontent%2F48%2F3632%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tafsir_al-Qurtubiالجامع_لأحكام_القرآن_تفسير_القرطبي_جزء_عاشر_17*24_Tafsir_al_Kortobi_V10_2C;_Zabaniyah-66"><a href="#cite_ref-Tafsir_al-Qurtubiالجامع_لأحكام_القرآن_تفسير_القرطبي_جزء_عاشر_17*24_Tafsir_al_Kortobi_V10_2C;_Zabaniyah_66-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAl-Qurtubi2019" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Al-Qurtubi" title="Al-Qurtubi">Al-Qurtubi</a> (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8OidDwAAQBAJ">الجامع لأحكام القرآن تفسير القرطبي جزء عاشر 17*24 Tafsir al Kortobi V10 2C</a> (in Arabic). 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Retrieved 27 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=10&rft.btitle=%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B9%D8%A9+%D8%A3%D8%B7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AB+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%8A+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%81+1-11+%D8%AC10&rft.pages=20&rft.pub=Dar+Al+Kotob+Al+Ilmiyah&rft.date=2004&rft.au=Muhammad+Al-Saeed+bin+Bassiouni+Zaghloul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DM2t7DwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hawmarani_Hadith_Encyclopedia-72"><a href="#cite_ref-Hawmarani_Hadith_Encyclopedia_72-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIkram_Hawmaranai" class="citation web cs1">Ikram Hawmaranai. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hadithtransmitters.hawramani.com/%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87-%D8%A8%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AB-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84/">"Aḥmad b. 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Retrieved 14 November 2023. <q>الشيخ الصدوق المعمر ، مسند الوقت ، أبو عمر ، عبد الواحد بن [ ص: 222 ] محمد بن عبد الله بن محمد بن مهدي ، الفارسي الكازروني ثم البغدادي البزاز . سمع كثيرا من القاضي المحاملي ، وسمع من أبي العباس بن عقدة ، ومحمد بن أحمد بن يعقوب بن شيبة ، ومحمد بن مخلد العطار ، والحسين بن يحيى بن عياش ، وتفرد وبعد صيته . حدث عنه: أبو بكر الخطيب ووثقه ، وهبة الله بن الحسين البزاز ، ويوسف بن محمد المهرواني ، وأحمد بن علي بن أبي عثمان ، وأبو القاسم بن البسري ، وأبو الحسن الداودي ، وعبد الرحمن بن أبي بكر الطبري ، وأبو الغنائم محمد بن أبي عثمان ، وعاصم بن الحسن العاصمي ، وكبير المعتزلة أبو يوسف عبد السلام بن محمد القزويني المفسر ، ورزق الله بن عبد الوهاب التميمي ، والخطيب علي بن محمد بن محمد الأنباري ، وأبو عبد الله بن طلحة النعالي ، وآخرون . قال الخطيب كان ثقة أمينا ، مات في رجب سنة عشر وأربعمائة .</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Islamweb.net&rft.atitle=Islamweb&rft.date=1994&rft.au=Ibn+Abi+Shaybah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.islamweb.net%2Far%2Flibrary%2Fcontent%2F10%2F4977%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mushannaf_Ibn_Abi_Shaybah-74"><a href="#cite_ref-Mushannaf_Ibn_Abi_Shaybah_74-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wj1JCwAAQBAJ">Mushannaf Ibn Abi Shaybah chapter 19/المصنف لابن أبي شيبة - 19</a>. 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Muhammad 'Ayun, Bashir (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://shamela.ws/book/4033/210">كتاب التخويف من النار والتعريف بحال دار البوار</a> [كتاب التخويف من النار والتعريف بحال دار البوارThe Book of Fear of Hell and Definition of the State of the House of Destruction] (in Arabic). Dar al-Bayan. p. 22. Retrieved 8 August 2024. <q>الزبانية رؤوسهم في الأرض وأرجلهم في السماء،</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%AE%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%81+%D9%85%D9%86+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1+%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%81+%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%84+%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1&rft.pages=22&rft.pub=Dar+al-Bayan&rft.date=1988&rft.au=Ibn+Rajab&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fshamela.ws%2Fbook%2F4033%2F210&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMansur_Abdul_Hakim201517-76">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMansur_Abdul_Hakim201517_76-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMansur_Abdul_Hakim201517_76-1">b</a> <a href="#CITEREFMansur_Abdul_Hakim2015">Mansur Abdul Hakim (2015)</a>, p. 17. </li> <li id="cite_note-al_Muddathir_31_Ibn_Rajab_Tafseer:-79"><a href="#cite_ref-al_Muddathir_31_Ibn_Rajab_Tafseer:_79-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIbn_Rajab2001" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Rajab" title="Ibn Rajab">Ibn Rajab</a> (2001). "2: Tafseer al-Muddathir verse 31". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kutub.free.fr/index.php?page=akhlaq_takhwif_024">تفسير القرآن</a> [Interpretation of the Koran]. دار العاصمة. p. 509. Retrieved 23 July 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=2%3A+Tafseer+al-Muddathir+verse+31&rft.btitle=%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B1+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A2%D9%86&rft.pages=509&rft.pub=%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%85%D8%A9&rft.date=2001&rft.au=Ibn+Rajab&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkutub.free.fr%2Findex.php%3Fpage%3Dakhlaq_takhwif_024&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bustan_al-Wa'izhin-81">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bustan_al-Wa'izhin_81-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bustan_al-Wa'izhin_81-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIbn_al-Jawzi2016" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Ibn al-Jawzi (2016). Faisal, Ahmad (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lPZxDQAAQBAJ">Bustan al-Wa'izhin; Suluh penyucian Jiwa</a> (Paperback) (in Indonesian). Qisthi Press. pp. 104–105. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789791303422" title="Special:BookSources/9789791303422"><bdi>9789791303422</bdi></a>. Retrieved 12 November 2023. <q>zabaniah dengan membawa pemukul besi dan cambuk api.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bustan+al-Wa%27izhin%3B+Suluh+penyucian+Jiwa&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E104-%3C%2Fspan%3E105&rft.pub=Qisthi+Press&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=9789791303422&rft.au=Ibn+al-Jawzi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DlPZxDQAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Modern_Tafsir_al-Haqqa_verse_32-82">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Modern_Tafsir_al-Haqqa_verse_32_82-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Modern_Tafsir_al-Haqqa_verse_32_82-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Modern_Tafsir_al-Haqqa_verse_32_82-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMuhammad_Sulaiman_Al_AshqarWahbah_al-ZuhayliImad_Zuhair_HafidhAbdul-Rahman_al-Sa'di" class="citation web cs1">Muhammad Sulaiman Al Ashqar; <a href="/wiki/Wahbah_al-Zuhayli" title="Wahbah al-Zuhayli">Wahbah al-Zuhayli</a>; Imad Zuhair Hafidh; <a href="/wiki/Abdul-Rahman_al-Sa%27di" title="Abdul-Rahman al-Sa'di">Abdul-Rahman al-Sa'di</a>; Umar al-Muqbil; Hikmat ibn Bashir ibn Yasin al-Musuli; Muhammad ibn Shalih ash-Shawi. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tafsirweb.com/11911-surat-an-naba-ayat-21.html">"Tafsir Al-Mukhtashar / Markaz Tafsir Riyadh; Tafsir Al-Muyassar Ministry of Saudi Arabia; Zubdatut Tafsir Min Fathil Qadir Islamic University of Medina; Tafsir Al-Wajiz by Wahbah al-Zuhaily; Tafsir Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah; An-Nafahat Al-Makkiyah tafseer of Muhammad ibn Shalih ash-Shawi; Li Yaddabbaru Ayatih (Qassim University exegesis by Umar al-Muqbil); Tafsir as-Sa'di by Abdul-Rahman al-Sa'di; concise Tafseer by Indonesian Ministry of religious affair"</a>. Tafsirweb. Retrieved 14 September 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tafsirweb&rft.atitle=Tafsir+Al-Mukhtashar+%2F+Markaz+Tafsir+Riyadh%3B+Tafsir+Al-Muyassar+Ministry+of+Saudi+Arabia%3B+Zubdatut+Tafsir+Min+Fathil+Qadir+Islamic+University+of+Medina%3B+Tafsir+Al-Wajiz+by+Wahbah+al-Zuhaily%3B+Tafsir+Al-Madinah+Al-Munawwarah%3B+An-Nafahat+Al-Makkiyah+tafseer+of+Muhammad+ibn+Shalih+ash-Shawi%3B+Li+Yaddabbaru+Ayatih+%28Qassim+University+exegesis+by+Umar+al-Muqbil%29%3B+Tafsir+as-Sa%27di+by+Abdul-Rahman+al-Sa%27di%3B+concise+Tafseer+by+Indonesian+Ministry+of+religious+affair&rft.au=Muhammad+Sulaiman+Al+Ashqar&rft.au=Wahbah+al-Zuhayli&rft.au=Imad+Zuhair+Hafidh&rft.au=Abdul-Rahman+al-Sa%27di&rft.au=Umar+al-Muqbil&rft.au=Hikmat+ibn+Bashir+ibn+Yasin+al-Musuli&rft.au=Muhammad+ibn+Shalih+ash-Shawi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftafsirweb.com%2F11911-surat-an-naba-ayat-21.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> Quran chapter An-Naba verse 21 </li> <li id="cite_note-Tahrim_6_specific_quotation_of_Ibn_Kathir-84"><a href="#cite_ref-Tahrim_6_specific_quotation_of_Ibn_Kathir_84-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMuhammad_Abduh_Tuasikal2020" class="citation web cs1">Muhammad Abduh Tuasikal (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rumaysho.com/23213-khutbah-jumat-malaikat-yang-selalu-patuh.html#Sifat_malaikat_adalah_taat_kepada_Allah_dan_tidak_durhaka">"Khutbah Jumat: Malaikat yang Selalu Patuh"</a> [Friday Sermon: The Angels Who Always Obey]. rumaysho.com. Retrieved 20 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=rumaysho.com&rft.atitle=Khutbah+Jumat%3A+Malaikat+yang+Selalu+Patuh&rft.date=2020&rft.au=Muhammad+Abduh+Tuasikal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frumaysho.com%2F23213-khutbah-jumat-malaikat-yang-selalu-patuh.html%23Sifat_malaikat_adalah_taat_kepada_Allah_dan_tidak_durhaka&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tahrim_6;_Ibn_Kathir_&_Sa'di-86"><a href="#cite_ref-Tahrim_6;_Ibn_Kathir_&_Sa'di_86-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHikmat_ibn_Bashir_ibn_YasinAbdul-Rahman_al-Sa'di" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Hikmat ibn Bashir ibn Yasin; <a href="/wiki/Abdul-Rahman_al-Sa%27di" title="Abdul-Rahman al-Sa'di">Abdul-Rahman al-Sa'di</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tafsirweb.com/11010-surat-at-tahrim-ayat-6.html">"Fathul Karim Mukhtashar Tafsir al-Qur'an al-'Adzhim Tafsir Tahrim 6"</a> (in Indonesian). <a href="/wiki/Islamic_University_of_Madinah" title="Islamic University of Madinah">Islamic University of Madinah</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fathul+Karim+Mukhtashar+Tafsir+al-Qur%27an+al-%27Adzhim+Tafsir+Tahrim+6&rft.pub=Islamic+University+of+Madinah&rft.au=Hikmat+ibn+Bashir+ibn+Yasin&rft.au=Abdul-Rahman+al-Sa%27di&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftafsirweb.com%2F11010-surat-at-tahrim-ayat-6.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> citations from:<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIbn_Kathir2016" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Ibn Kathir (2016). ibn Bashir ibn Yassin, Hikmat (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://safinatulnajat.com/shop/%D9%81%D8%AA%D8%AD-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%85-%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B8%D9%8A%D9%85/">فتح الكريم لمختصر تفسير القران العظيم للامام أبن كثير حكمت بن بشير بن ياسين حجم كبير</a> [Fath Al-Karim for a summary of the interpretation of the Great Qur’an by Imam Ibn Kathir] (in Arabic). Dammam, Saudi Arabia: Dar Ibn Al-Jawzi. Retrieved 20 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D9%81%D8%AA%D8%AD+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%85+%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%B1+%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B1+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B8%D9%8A%D9%85+%D9%84%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%85+%D8%A3%D8%A8%D9%86+%D9%83%D8%AB%D9%8A%D8%B1+%D8%AD%D9%83%D9%85%D8%AA+%D8%A8%D9%86+%D8%A8%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%B1+%D8%A8%D9%86+%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86+%D8%AD%D8%AC%D9%85+%D9%83%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1&rft.place=Dammam%2C+Saudi+Arabia&rft.pub=Dar+Ibn+Al-Jawzi&rft.date=2016&rft.au=Ibn+Kathir&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsafinatulnajat.com%2Fshop%2F%25D9%2581%25D8%25AA%25D8%25AD-%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D9%2583%25D8%25B1%25D9%258A%25D9%2585-%25D9%2584%25D9%2585%25D8%25AE%25D8%25AA%25D8%25B5%25D8%25B1-%25D8%25AA%25D9%2581%25D8%25B3%25D9%258A%25D8%25B1-%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D9%2582%25D8%25B1%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586-%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25B9%25D8%25B8%25D9%258A%25D9%2585%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Quran_Fajr_25-26-89">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Quran_Fajr_25-26_89-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Quran_Fajr_25-26_89-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFbin_Bashir_bin_Yassin" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">bin Bashir bin Yassin. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tafsirweb.com/37323-surat-al-muddatstsir-lengkap.html">"Fathul Karim Mukhtashar Tafsir al-Qur'an al-'Adzhim Tafsir al-Fajr 26"</a> (in Indonesian). <a href="/wiki/Islamic_University_of_Madinah" title="Islamic University of Madinah">Islamic University of Madinah</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fathul+Karim+Mukhtashar+Tafsir+al-Qur%27an+al-%27Adzhim+Tafsir+al-Fajr+26&rft.pub=Islamic+University+of+Madinah&rft.au=bin+Bashir+bin+Yassin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftafsirweb.com%2F37323-surat-al-muddatstsir-lengkap.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> citation from: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIbn_Kathir2016" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Kathir" title="Ibn Kathir">Ibn Kathir</a> (2016). bin Bashir bin Yassin, Hikmat (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://safinatulnajat.com/shop/%D9%81%D8%AA%D8%AD-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%85-%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%B1-%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B8%D9%8A%D9%85/">فتح الكريم لمختصر تفسير القران العظيم للامام أبن كثير حكمت بن بشير بن ياسين حجم كبير</a> [Fath Al-Karim for a summary of the interpretation of the Great Qur’an by Imam Ibn Kathir Hikmat bin Bashir bin Yassin] (in Arabic). Dammam, Saudi Arabia: Dar Ibn Al-Jawzi. Retrieved 20 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D9%81%D8%AA%D8%AD+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%85+%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%B1+%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B1+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B8%D9%8A%D9%85+%D9%84%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%85+%D8%A3%D8%A8%D9%86+%D9%83%D8%AB%D9%8A%D8%B1+%D8%AD%D9%83%D9%85%D8%AA+%D8%A8%D9%86+%D8%A8%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%B1+%D8%A8%D9%86+%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%86+%D8%AD%D8%AC%D9%85+%D9%83%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1&rft.place=Dammam%2C+Saudi+Arabia&rft.pub=Dar+Ibn+Al-Jawzi&rft.date=2016&rft.au=Ibn+Kathir&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsafinatulnajat.com%2Fshop%2F%25D9%2581%25D8%25AA%25D8%25AD-%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D9%2583%25D8%25B1%25D9%258A%25D9%2585-%25D9%2584%25D9%2585%25D8%25AE%25D8%25AA%25D8%25B5%25D8%25B1-%25D8%25AA%25D9%2581%25D8%25B3%25D9%258A%25D8%25B1-%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D9%2582%25D8%25B1%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586-%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25B9%25D8%25B8%25D9%258A%25D9%2585%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://surahquran.com/aya-tafsir-30-74.html">"[ سورة المدثر: 30]; Tafseer al-Qurtubi"</a>. القرآن الكريم (in Arabic). Retrieved 17 July 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A2%D9%86+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%85&rft.atitle=%5B+%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A9+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%AB%D8%B1%3A+30%5D%3B+Tafseer+al-Qurtubi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsurahquran.com%2Faya-tafsir-30-74.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tafsir_al-Baghawi-_at_Tahrim_66:6-91">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Tafsir_al-Baghawi-_at_Tahrim_66:6_91-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tafsir_al-Baghawi-_at_Tahrim_66:6_91-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAbū_Muḥammad_al-Ḥusayn_ibn_Masʻūd_ibn_Muḥammad_al-Farrā'_al-Baghawī1983" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Abū Muḥammad al-Ḥusayn ibn Masʻūd ibn Muḥammad al-Farrā' al-Baghawī (1983). "8". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.islamweb.net/ar/library/content/51/1931/">Tafsir al-Baghawi</a> (digital) (in Arabic). Dar Taiba. p. 170. Retrieved 14 November 2023. <q>قوله - عز وجل - ( ياأيها الذين آمنوا قوا أنفسكم ) قال عطاء عن ابن عباس: أي بالانتهاء عما نهاكم الله تعالى عنه والعمل بطاعته ( وأهليكم نارا ) يعني: مروهم بالخير وانهوهم عن الشر وعلموهم وأدبوهم تقوهم بذلك نارا ( وقودها الناس والحجارة عليها ملائكة ) يعني خزنة النار ( غلاظ ) فظاظ على أهل النار ( شداد ) أقوياء يدفع الواحد منهم بالدفعة الواحدة سبعين ألفا في النار وهم الزبانية ، لم يخلق الله فيهم الرحمة ( لا يعصون الله ما أمرهم ويفعلون ما يؤمرون ياأيها الذين كفروا لا تعتذروا اليوم إنما تجزون ما كنتم تعملون ( ياأيها الذين آمنوا توبوا إلى الله توبة نصوحا ) قرأ الحسن وأبو بكر عن عاصم: " نصوحا " بضم النون ، وقرأ العامة بفتحها أي: توبة ذات نصح تنصح صاحبها بترك العود إلى ما تاب منه .</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=8&rft.btitle=Tafsir+al-Baghawi&rft.pages=170&rft.pub=Dar+Taiba&rft.date=1983&rft.au=Ab%C5%AB+Mu%E1%B8%A5ammad+al-%E1%B8%A4usayn+ibn+Mas%CA%BB%C5%ABd+ibn+Mu%E1%B8%A5ammad+al-Farr%C4%81%27+al-Baghaw%C4%AB&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.islamweb.net%2Far%2Flibrary%2Fcontent%2F51%2F1931%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFal-Qurtubi" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">al-Qurtubi. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quran.ksu.edu.sa/tafseer/qortobi/sura74-aya30.html">"Tafsir al-Qurtubi. al-Mudathir verse 30"</a> (in Arabic). Retrieved 11 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tafsir+al-Qurtubi.+al-Mudathir+verse+30&rft.au=al-Qurtubi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fquran.ksu.edu.sa%2Ftafseer%2Fqortobi%2Fsura74-aya30.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAbu_Ishaq_al-Tha'labi2004" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Abu_Ishaq_al-Tha%27labi" title="Abu Ishaq al-Tha'labi">Abu Ishaq al-Tha'labi</a> (2004). "30". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.islamweb.net/ar/library/content/132/5128/">Tafsir al-Tha'labi</a> (in Arabic). Beirut: دار الكتب العلمية. p. 180. Retrieved 3 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=30&rft.btitle=Tafsir+al-Tha%27labi&rft.place=Beirut&rft.pages=180&rft.pub=%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9&rft.date=2004&rft.au=Abu+Ishaq+al-Tha%27labi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.islamweb.net%2Far%2Flibrary%2Fcontent%2F132%2F5128%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Anbiya_100;_Muhammad_al-Munajjid-96">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Anbiya_100;_Muhammad_al-Munajjid_96-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Anbiya_100;_Muhammad_al-Munajjid_96-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Anbiya_100;_Muhammad_al-Munajjid_96-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMuhammad_Al-Munajjid2022" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Al-Munajjid" title="Muhammad Al-Munajjid">Muhammad Al-Munajjid</a> (2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://islamqa.info/ar/answers/372743/">الجمع بين الآيات التي فيها نفي سماع أهل النار فيها وبين آيات الحوار معهم المقتضية لسماعهم</a> [Combining the verses that deny the people of Hell hearing it with the verses of dialogue with them that require them to hear it] (in Arabic). islamqa.info. Retrieved 20 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%B9+%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%86+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A2%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%8A+%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%87%D8%A7+%D9%86%D9%81%D9%8A+%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B9+%D8%A3%D9%87%D9%84+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1+%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%87%D8%A7+%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%86+%D8%A2%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1+%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%87%D9%85+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AA%D8%B6%D9%8A%D8%A9+%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%87%D9%85&rft.pub=islamqa.info&rft.date=2022&rft.au=Muhammad+Al-Munajjid&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fislamqa.info%2Far%2Fanswers%2F372743%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFal-Baghawi2005" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Al-Baghawi" title="Al-Baghawi">al-Baghawi</a> (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=OjFxDwAAQBAJ">‏الأنوار في شمائل النبي المختار</a> [Lights in the merits of the chosen Prophet (PBUH)] (Hadith, Religion / Islam / General) (in Arabic). دار الكتب العلمية، منشورات محمد علي البيضون،‏. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sunnah.com/muslim:2797">19</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9782745147349" title="Special:BookSources/9782745147349"><bdi>9782745147349</bdi></a>. Retrieved 9 February 2022. <q>Yes. He said: By Lat and `Uzza. If I were to see him do that, I would trample his neck, or I would smear his face with dust. He came to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as he was engaged in prayer and thought of trampling his neck (and the people say) that he came near him but turned upon his heels and tried to repulse something with his hands. It was said to him: What is the matter with you? He said: There is between me and him a ditch of fire and terror and wings. Thereupon Allah's Messenger (may peace he upon him) said: If he were to come near me the angels would have torn him to pieces. Then Allah, the Exalted and Glorious, revealed this verse- (the narrator) said: We do not know whether it is the hadith transmitted by Abu Huraira or something conveyed to him from another source: "Nay, man is surely inordinate, because he looks upon himself as self-sufficient. Surely to thy Lord is the return. Hast thou seen him who forbids a servant when he prays? Seest thou if he is on the right way, or enjoins observance of piety? Seest thou if he [Abu Jahl] denies and turns away? Knowest he not that Allah sees? Nay, if he desists not, We will seize him by the forelock-a lying, sinful forelock. Then let him summon his council. We will summon the guards of the Hell. Nay! Obey not thou him" (lcvi, 6-19). (Rather prostrate thyself.) Ubaidullah made this addition: It was after this that (prostration) was enjoined upon and Ibn Abd al-Ala made this addition that by "Nadiyah" he meant his people.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%E2%80%8F%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%86%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B1+%D9%81%D9%8A+%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%84+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%8A+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1&rft.pages=19&rft.pub=%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9%D8%8C+%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA+%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF+%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B6%D9%88%D9%86%D8%8C%E2%80%8F&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=9782745147349&rft.au=al-Baghawi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DOjFxDwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ar-Ruud_al-Unf-100"><a href="#cite_ref-Ar-Ruud_al-Unf_100-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAbd_al-Rahman_ibn_Abdullah_ibn_Ahmad_ibn_Abi_al-Hasan_al-Khathami_al-Suhaili1967" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Abd al-Rahman ibn Abdullah ibn Ahmad ibn Abi al-Hasan al-Khathami al-Suhaili (1967). bin Mansour bin Sayed Al-Shura, Majdi (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vwh7DwAAQBAJ">الروض الأنف في شرح السيرة النبوية لابن هشام</a> [Ar-Ruud al-Unf in Explanation of the Biography of the Prophet by Ibn Hisham - Volume] (Islam -- History, Islamic Empire -- History -- 622-661) (in Arabic). يطلب من دار الكتب الحديثة (Yathlib min Dar al Kitab wa al Hadith). p. 155. Retrieved 27 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B6+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%86%D9%81+%D9%81%D9%8A+%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%AD+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A9+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A9+%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86+%D9%87%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%85&rft.pages=155&rft.pub=%D9%8A%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A8+%D9%85%D9%86+%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AB%D8%A9+%28Yathlib+min+Dar+al+Kitab+wa+al+Hadith%29&rft.date=1967&rft.au=Abd+al-Rahman+ibn+Abdullah+ibn+Ahmad+ibn+Abi+al-Hasan+al-Khathami+al-Suhaili&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dvwh7DwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Explanatory-102"><a href="#cite_ref-Explanatory_102-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAbd_al-Majid_al-Sheikh_Abd_al-Bari2006" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Abd al-Majid al-Sheikh Abd al-Bari (2006). "3". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://al-maktaba.org/book/7447/1365">الروايات التفسيرية في فتح الباري</a> [Explanatory narratives of Fath al-Bari] (ebook) (Hadith study, Islam) (in Arabic). p. 81. Retrieved 27 February 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=3&rft.btitle=%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9+%D9%81%D9%8A+%D9%81%D8%AA%D8%AD+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A&rft.pages=81&rft.date=2006&rft.au=Abd+al-Majid+al-Sheikh+Abd+al-Bari&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fal-maktaba.org%2Fbook%2F7447%2F1365&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quran.ksu.edu.sa/tafseer/qortobi/sura96-aya18.html">"التفسير Tafsir (explication) القرطبي - Al-Qortoby سَنَدْعُ الزَّبَانِيَةَ (18); Tafseer al-Qurtubi"</a>. quran.ksu.edu.sa (in Arabic). <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</a>. Retrieved 16 July 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=quran.ksu.edu.sa&rft.atitle=%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B1+Tafsir+%28explication%29+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%B7%D8%A8%D9%8A+-+Al-Qortoby+%D8%B3%D9%8E%D9%86%D9%8E%D8%AF%D9%92%D8%B9%D9%8F+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%8E%D9%91%D8%A8%D9%8E%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%90%D9%8A%D9%8E%D8%A9%D9%8E+%2818%29%3B+Tafseer+al-Qurtubi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fquran.ksu.edu.sa%2Ftafseer%2Fqortobi%2Fsura96-aya18.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://surahquran.com/aya_tafseer.php?sora=96&aya=18#jlalin">"تفسير : سندع الزبانية [ العلق: 18]; Tafseer al-Qurtubi"</a>. القرآن الكريم (in Arabic). Retrieved 16 July 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A2%D9%86+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%85&rft.atitle=%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B1+%3A+%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B9+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9+%5B+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%82%3A+18%5D%3B+Tafseer+al-Qurtubi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsurahquran.com%2Faya_tafseer.php%3Fsora%3D96%26aya%3D18%23jlalin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Narrating_Muḥammad's_Night_Journey:_Tracing_the_Development_of_the_Ibn_ʿAbbās_Ascension_Discourse-106">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Narrating_Muḥammad's_Night_Journey:_Tracing_the_Development_of_the_Ibn_ʿAbbās_Ascension_Discourse_106-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Narrating_Muḥammad's_Night_Journey:_Tracing_the_Development_of_the_Ibn_ʿAbbās_Ascension_Discourse_106-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrederick_S._Colby2007" class="citation book cs1">Frederick S. Colby (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=sasZCjcTisIC">Narrating Muḥammad's Night Journey: Tracing the Development of the Ibn ʿAbbās Ascension Discourse</a>. State University of New York Press. p. 207. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780791477885" title="Special:BookSources/9780791477885"><bdi>9780791477885</bdi></a>. Retrieved 24 October 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Narrating+Mu%E1%B8%A5ammad%27s+Night+Journey%3A+Tracing+the+Development+of+the+Ibn+%CA%BFAbb%C4%81s+Ascension+Discourse&rft.pages=207&rft.pub=State+University+of+New+York+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=9780791477885&rft.au=Frederick+S.+Colby&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DsasZCjcTisIC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jawahir-107">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Jawahir_107-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jawahir_107-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMuhammad_Musthafa_Imarah2002" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Muhammad Musthafa Imarah (2002) [1994]. Gasim Anuz, Fariq (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=pkPgDwAAQBAJ">Jawahir Al-Bukhari 800 Hadits Pilihan dan Penjelasannya</a> (ebook) (in Indonesian). East Jakarta: Dar al Fikr; Pustaka Al-Kautsar. pp. 358–359. Retrieved 7 October 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Jawahir+Al-Bukhari+800+Hadits+Pilihan+dan+Penjelasannya&rft.place=East+Jakarta&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E358-%3C%2Fspan%3E359&rft.pub=Dar+al+Fikr%3B+Pustaka+Al-Kautsar&rft.date=2002&rft.au=Muhammad+Musthafa+Imarah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DpkPgDwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a> Lange, Christian. Locating hell in Islamic traditions. Brill, 2015. p. 74 </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZaki2015" class="citation thesis cs1">Zaki, Mona M. (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dataspace.princeton.edu/handle/88435/dsp01d504rn72j">Jahannam in Medieval Islamic Thought</a> (Thesis).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=Jahannam+in+Medieval+Islamic+Thought&rft.date=2015&rft.aulast=Zaki&rft.aufirst=Mona+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdataspace.princeton.edu%2Fhandle%2F88435%2Fdsp01d504rn72j&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_enormity_of_Doomsday_Complete_reference_to_the_Day_of_Judgment_and_its_signs_based_on_the_Qur'an_and_Sunnah;-110">^ <a href="#cite_ref-The_enormity_of_Doomsday_Complete_reference_to_the_Day_of_Judgment_and_its_signs_based_on_the_Qur'an_and_Sunnah;_110-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_enormity_of_Doomsday_Complete_reference_to_the_Day_of_Judgment_and_its_signs_based_on_the_Qur'an_and_Sunnah;_110-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_enormity_of_Doomsday_Complete_reference_to_the_Day_of_Judgment_and_its_signs_based_on_the_Qur'an_and_Sunnah;_110-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-The_enormity_of_Doomsday_Complete_reference_to_the_Day_of_Judgment_and_its_signs_based_on_the_Qur'an_and_Sunnah;_110-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIbn_Kathir2016" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Kathir" title="Ibn Kathir">Ibn Kathir</a> (2016). Hikmatiar, Ikhlas (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MwdyDQAAQBAJ">Dahsyatnya Hari Kiamat Rujukan Lengkap Hari Kiamat dan Tanda-Tandanya Berdasarkan Al-Qur'an dan As-Sunnah</a> [The enormity of Doomsday Complete reference to the Day of Judgment and its signs based on the Qur'an and Sunnah] (in Indonesian). Translated by Ali Nurdin. Qisthi Press; <a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Indonesia" title="National Library of Indonesia">National Library of Indonesia</a>. pp. 464–466. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-979-1303-85-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-979-1303-85-9"><bdi>978-979-1303-85-9</bdi></a>. Retrieved 18 March 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dahsyatnya+Hari+Kiamat+Rujukan+Lengkap+Hari+Kiamat+dan+Tanda-Tandanya+Berdasarkan+Al-Qur%27an+dan+As-Sunnah&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E464-%3C%2Fspan%3E466&rft.pub=Qisthi+Press%3B+National+Library+of+Indonesia&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-979-1303-85-9&rft.au=Ibn+Kathir&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMwdyDQAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAsh-Shafuri2021" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Ash-Shafuri (18 February 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9a0eEAAAQBAJ">Nasihat Langit Penenteram Jiwa_Buku 1: Memurnikan Akidah Dan</a> (ebook) (in Indonesian). ebook. p. 103. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9786237163176" title="Special:BookSources/9786237163176"><bdi>9786237163176</bdi></a>. <q>... Barangsiapa yang ingin diselamatkan dari Zabaniyah yang berjumlah 19 itu, bacalah bismillahirrahmanirrahim, niscaya Allah akan ...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nasihat+Langit+Penenteram+Jiwa_Buku+1%3A+Memurnikan+Akidah+Dan&rft.pages=103&rft.pub=ebook&rft.date=2021-02-18&rft.isbn=9786237163176&rft.au=Ash-Shafuri&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9a0eEAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMuhammad_Salih_Al-Munajjid" class="citation web cs1">Muhammad Salih Al-Munajjid. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://islamqa.info/ar/answers/107048/%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%AB-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D9%81%D8%B6%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%84%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87%D8%A7-%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%8A-%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B3%D8%B9%D8%A9-%D8%B9%D8%B4%D8%B1">"Hadith on the virtue of Basmala and that it saves from the nineteen Zabaniyah"</a>. islamqa.info. Muhammad Al-Munajid. Retrieved 1 September 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=islamqa.info&rft.atitle=Hadith+on+the+virtue+of+Basmala+and+that+it+saves+from+the+nineteen+Zabaniyah&rft.au=Muhammad+Salih+Al-Munajjid&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fislamqa.info%2Far%2Fanswers%2F107048%2F%25D8%25AD%25D8%25AF%25D9%258A%25D8%25AB-%25D9%2581%25D9%258A-%25D9%2581%25D8%25B6%25D9%2584-%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25A8%25D8%25B3%25D9%2585%25D9%2584%25D8%25A9-%25D9%2588%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586%25D9%2587%25D8%25A7-%25D8%25AA%25D9%2586%25D8%25AC%25D9%258A-%25D9%2585%25D9%2586-%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25B2%25D8%25A8%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586%25D9%258A%25D8%25A9-%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25AA%25D8%25B3%25D8%25B9%25D8%25A9-%25D8%25B9%25D8%25B4%25D8%25B1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988">) </li> <li id="cite_note-Tafsir_Al-Qurtubi_an_Naba_21-114">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Tafsir_Al-Qurtubi_an_Naba_21_114-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tafsir_Al-Qurtubi_an_Naba_21_114-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShams_Al-Din_Muhammad_bin_Ahmed_Al-Ansari_Al-Qurtubi" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Shams Al-Din Muhammad bin Ahmed Al-Ansari Al-Qurtubi. "19". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.islamweb.net/ar/library/content/48/3668/%D9%82%D9%88%D9%84%D9%87-%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%89-%D8%A5%D9%86-%D8%AC%D9%87%D9%86%D9%85-%D9%83%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA-%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A7">Tafsir Al-Qurtubi</a> (in Arabic). Islamweb. p. 154. Retrieved 19 November 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=19&rft.btitle=Tafsir+Al-Qurtubi&rft.pages=154&rft.pub=Islamweb&rft.au=Shams+Al-Din+Muhammad+bin+Ahmed+Al-Ansari+Al-Qurtubi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.islamweb.net%2Far%2Flibrary%2Fcontent%2F48%2F3668%2F%25D9%2582%25D9%2588%25D9%2584%25D9%2587-%25D8%25AA%25D8%25B9%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D9%2589-%25D8%25A5%25D9%2586-%25D8%25AC%25D9%2587%25D9%2586%25D9%2585-%25D9%2583%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586%25D8%25AA-%25D9%2585%25D8%25B1%25D8%25B5%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AF%25D8%25A7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Modern_Tafsir_an-Naba_verse_21-115">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Modern_Tafsir_an-Naba_verse_21_115-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Modern_Tafsir_an-Naba_verse_21_115-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMuhammad_Sulaiman_Al_AshqarWahbah_al-ZuhayliImad_Zuhair_HafidhAbdul-Rahman_al-Sa'di" class="citation web cs1">Muhammad Sulaiman Al Ashqar; <a href="/wiki/Wahbah_al-Zuhayli" title="Wahbah al-Zuhayli">Wahbah al-Zuhayli</a>; Imad Zuhair Hafidh; <a href="/wiki/Abdul-Rahman_al-Sa%27di" title="Abdul-Rahman al-Sa'di">Abdul-Rahman al-Sa'di</a>; Umar al-Muqbil; Hikmat ibn Bashir ibn Yasin al-Musuli. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tafsirweb.com/11911-surat-an-naba-ayat-21.html">"Tafsir Al-Mukhtashar / Markaz Tafsir Riyadh; Tafsir Al-Muyassar Ministry of Saudi Arabia; Zubdatut Tafsir Min Fathil Qadir Islamic University of Medina; Tafsir Al-Wajiz by Wahbah al-Zuhaily; Tafsir Al-Madinah Al-Munawwarah; Li Yaddabbaru Ayatih (Qassim University exegesis by Umar al-Muqbil); Tafsir as-Sa'di by Abdul-Rahman al-Sa'di; concise Tafseer by Indonesian Ministry of religious affair"</a>. Tafsirweb. <a href="/wiki/Qassim_University" title="Qassim University">Qassim University</a>; <a href="/wiki/Islamic_University_of_Madinah" title="Islamic University of Madinah">Islamic University of Madinah</a>; <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Religious_Affairs_(Indonesia)" title="Ministry of Religious Affairs (Indonesia)">Ministry of Religious Affairs (Indonesia)</a>; <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Islamic_Affairs,_Dawah_and_Guidance" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Islamic Affairs, Dawah and Guidance">Ministry of Islamic Affairs, Dawah and Guidance</a>. Retrieved 14 November 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tafsirweb&rft.atitle=Tafsir+Al-Mukhtashar+%2F+Markaz+Tafsir+Riyadh%3B+Tafsir+Al-Muyassar+Ministry+of+Saudi+Arabia%3B+Zubdatut+Tafsir+Min+Fathil+Qadir+Islamic+University+of+Medina%3B+Tafsir+Al-Wajiz+by+Wahbah+al-Zuhaily%3B+Tafsir+Al-Madinah+Al-Munawwarah%3B+Li+Yaddabbaru+Ayatih+%28Qassim+University+exegesis+by+Umar+al-Muqbil%29%3B+Tafsir+as-Sa%27di+by+Abdul-Rahman+al-Sa%27di%3B+concise+Tafseer+by+Indonesian+Ministry+of+religious+affair&rft.au=Muhammad+Sulaiman+Al+Ashqar&rft.au=Wahbah+al-Zuhayli&rft.au=Imad+Zuhair+Hafidh&rft.au=Abdul-Rahman+al-Sa%27di&rft.au=Umar+al-Muqbil&rft.au=Hikmat+ibn+Bashir+ibn+Yasin+al-Musuli&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftafsirweb.com%2F11911-surat-an-naba-ayat-21.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> Quran chapter An-Naba verse 21 </li> <li id="cite_note-Tur_verse_17-117">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Tur_verse_17_117-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tur_verse_17_117-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tafsirweb.com/10029-surat-at-tur-ayat-13.html">"Surah at-Tur verse 13"</a> (in Indonesian and Arabic). <a href="/wiki/Islamic_University_of_Madinah" title="Islamic University of Madinah">Islamic University of Madinah</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Surah+at-Tur+verse+13&rft.pub=Islamic+University+of+Madinah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftafsirweb.com%2F10029-surat-at-tur-ayat-13.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> excerpt from: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHikmat_ibn_Bashir_ibn_Yasin2016" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Hikmat ibn Bashir ibn Yasin (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240815160950/https://www.jarir.com/sa-en/arabic-books-614908.html">فتح الكريم لمختصر تفسيرالقرآن العظيم للامام ابن كثير</a> [The Generous Opening of the Summary of the Interpretation of the Great Qur’an by Imam Ibn Kathir] (in Arabic). دار ابن الجوزي. Archived from the original on 15 August 2024. Retrieved 15 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D9%81%D8%AA%D8%AD+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%85+%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%B1+%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A2%D9%86+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B8%D9%8A%D9%85+%D9%84%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%85+%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86+%D9%83%D8%AB%D9%8A%D8%B1&rft.pub=%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1+%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%8A&rft.date=2016&rft.au=Hikmat+ibn+Bashir+ibn+Yasin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jarir.com%2Fsa-en%2Farabic-books-614908.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-Surat_Al-Haqqah_30_Tafsir_scholars_of_Saudi_&_Indonesia-119">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Surat_Al-Haqqah_30_Tafsir_scholars_of_Saudi_&_Indonesia_119-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Surat_Al-Haqqah_30_Tafsir_scholars_of_Saudi_&_Indonesia_119-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAbdul-Rahman_al-Sa'diMarwan_Hadidi_bin_MusaMuhammad_bin_Shalih_al-ShawiWahbah_al-Zuhayli" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Abdul-Rahman_al-Sa%27di" title="Abdul-Rahman al-Sa'di">Abdul-Rahman al-Sa'di</a>; Marwan Hadidi bin Musa; Muhammad bin Shalih al-Shawi; Wahbah al-Zuhayli. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tafsirweb.com/11222-surat-al-haqqah-ayat-30.html">"Surat Al-Haqqah Ayat 30"</a>. Tafsirweb. <a href="/wiki/Islamic_University_of_Madinah" title="Islamic University of Madinah">Islamic University of Madinah</a>; <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Religious_Affairs_(Indonesia)" title="Ministry of Religious Affairs (Indonesia)">Ministry of Religious Affairs (Indonesia)</a>; <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Islamic_Affairs,_Dawah_and_Guidance" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Islamic Affairs, Dawah and Guidance">Ministry of Islamic Affairs, Dawah and Guidance</a>. Retrieved 15 March 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tafsirweb&rft.atitle=Surat+Al-Haqqah+Ayat+30&rft.au=Abdul-Rahman+al-Sa%27di&rft.au=Marwan+Hadidi+bin+Musa&rft.au=Muhammad+bin+Shalih+al-Shawi&rft.au=Wahbah+al-Zuhayli&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftafsirweb.com%2F11222-surat-al-haqqah-ayat-30.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-مجموع_رسائل_ابن_رجب_الحنبلي_-_ج_4|trans-title=Collection_of_letters_by_Al-Hafiz_Ibn_Rajab_Al-Janbali-_volume_4;_Zabaniyah-120">^ <a href="#cite_ref-مجموع_رسائل_ابن_رجب_الحنبلي_-_ج_4|trans-title=Collection_of_letters_by_Al-Hafiz_Ibn_Rajab_Al-Janbali-_volume_4;_Zabaniyah_120-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-مجموع_رسائل_ابن_رجب_الحنبلي_-_ج_4|trans-title=Collection_of_letters_by_Al-Hafiz_Ibn_Rajab_Al-Janbali-_volume_4;_Zabaniyah_120-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIbn_Rajab2003" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Rajab" title="Ibn Rajab">Ibn Rajab</a> (2003). ibn Fuad Al-Halwani, Tal'ah (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://waqfeya.net/book.php?bid=1039">مجموع رسائل ابن رجب الحنبلي - ج 4</a> [Collection of letters by Al-Hafiz Ibn Rajab Al-Janbali- volume 4] (in Arabic). p. 330. Retrieved 15 March 2024. <q>وخرج أيضاً بإسناده عن المنهال بن عمرو قَالَ: إذا قَالَ الله تعالى: {خُذُوهُ فَغلُّوهُ} [الحاقة: ٣٠] ابتدرهُ سبعونَ ألفَ ملك، [وإن الملكَ] (*) منهم ليقولُ هكذا -يعني: يفتحُ يديهِ- فيلقي سبعينَ ألفًا في النارِ. ... تعالى فليدع ناديه * سندع الزبانية ] قال الله تعالى : ﴿ فَلْيَدْعُ نَادِيهُ ... بن الحارث : الزبانية رؤوسهم في الأرض وأرجلهم في السماء ، خرجه ابن أبي حاتم . وخرج أيضاً باسناده ( ۲ ) عن المنهال بن عمرو قال : إذا قال الله تعالى : خُذُوهُ فَغُلُوهُ ﴾ [ الحاقة : ... Abdullah bin Al-Harith said: The Zabanis have their heads on the earth and their feet in the sky. Narrated by Ibn Abi Hatim. He also narrated with his chain of transmission on the authority of Al-Minhal bin Amr, who said: When God Almighty says: "Take him and strengthen him" [Al-Haqqah: 30] seventy thousand angels will rush to him, [and indeed the angel] (*) of them will say thus - meaning: he will open his hands - and he will throw seventy thousand into the Fire.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B9+%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%84+%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86+%D8%B1%D8%AC%D8%A8+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%86%D8%A8%D9%84%D9%8A+-+%D8%AC+4&rft.pages=330&rft.date=2003&rft.au=Ibn+Rajab&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwaqfeya.net%2Fbook.php%3Fbid%3D1039&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tafsirweb_Religious_affair_ministry_al_Muddathir_29-121"><a href="#cite_ref-Tafsirweb_Religious_affair_ministry_al_Muddathir_29_121-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAbdul-Rahman_al-Sa'di2016" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Abdul-Rahman_al-Sa%27di" title="Abdul-Rahman al-Sa'di">Abdul-Rahman al-Sa'di</a> (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tafsirweb.com/11565-surat-al-muddatstsir-ayat-29.html">"Surat al-Muddathir ayat 29"</a>. Tafsirweb (in Indonesian and Arabic). <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Religious_Affairs_(Indonesia)" title="Ministry of Religious Affairs (Indonesia)">Ministry of Religious Affairs (Indonesia)</a>; <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Islamic_Affairs,_Dawah_and_Guidance" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Islamic Affairs, Dawah and Guidance">Ministry of Islamic Affairs, Dawah and Guidance</a>. Retrieved 30 January 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tafsirweb&rft.atitle=Surat+al-Muddathir+ayat+29&rft.date=2016&rft.au=Abdul-Rahman+al-Sa%27di&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftafsirweb.com%2F11565-surat-al-muddatstsir-ayat-29.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAmmi_Nur_Baits2015" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Ammi Nur Baits (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://konsultasisyariah.com/25386-siapa-malaikat-zabaniyah.html">"Siapa Malaikat Zabaniyah?"</a>. konsultasi syariah (in Indonesian). Yufid. Retrieved 10 August 2023. <q>Malaikat Zabaniyah dinamakan demikian, karena mereka mengerjakan tugas dengan kaki mereka, sebagaimana mereka mengerjakannya dengan tangan mereka.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=konsultasi+syariah&rft.atitle=Siapa+Malaikat+Zabaniyah%3F&rft.date=2015&rft.au=Ammi+Nur+Baits&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fkonsultasisyariah.com%2F25386-siapa-malaikat-zabaniyah.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Modern_Tafsir_ibn_kathir_Dukhan_43-50-124"><a href="#cite_ref-Modern_Tafsir_ibn_kathir_Dukhan_43-50_124-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHikmat_ibn_Bashir_ibn_Yasin" class="citation web cs1">Hikmat ibn Bashir ibn Yasin. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tafsirweb.com/11911-surat-an-naba-ayat-21.html">"Fath al-Karim Mukhtashar Tafsir al-Qur'an al-'Adhim of Ibn Kathir, ad Dukhan verse 43-50"</a>. Tafsirweb. Retrieved 2 September 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tafsirweb&rft.atitle=Fath+al-Karim+Mukhtashar+Tafsir+al-Qur%27an+al-%27Adhim+of+Ibn+Kathir%2C+ad+Dukhan+verse+43-50&rft.au=Hikmat+ibn+Bashir+ibn+Yasin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftafsirweb.com%2F11911-surat-an-naba-ayat-21.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> Excerpt from: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHikmat_ibn_Bashir_ibn_Yasin2023" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Hikmat ibn Bashir ibn Yasin (2023). Al-Huwaini, Abu Ishaq; ibn Fawaz ash-Shamail, Sa'd (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240902073742/https://alimdadalilmi.com/ar/mQxqlxK">تفسير القرآن العظيم</a> (in Arabic). دار ابن الجوزي. Archived from the original on 2 September 2024. Retrieved 2 September 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B1+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%B1%D8%A2%D9%86+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B8%D9%8A%D9%85&rft.pub=%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1+%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%8A&rft.date=2023&rft.au=Hikmat+ibn+Bashir+ibn+Yasin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Falimdadalilmi.com%2Far%2FmQxqlxK&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-Awn-128"><a href="#cite_ref-Awn_128-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAwn1983" class="citation book cs1">Awn, Peter J. (1983). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=D4D3S2iwnUQC&pg=PA18">"Mythic Biography"</a>. Satan's Tragedy and Redemption: Iblīs in Sufi Psychology. BRILL. pp. 18–56. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F9789004378636_003">10.1163/9789004378636_003</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-06906-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-06906-0"><bdi>978-90-04-06906-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Mythic+Biography&rft.btitle=Satan%27s+Tragedy+and+Redemption%3A+Ibl%C4%ABs+in+Sufi+Psychology&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E18-%3C%2Fspan%3E56&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.date=1983&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1163%2F9789004378636_003&rft.isbn=978-90-04-06906-0&rft.aulast=Awn&rft.aufirst=Peter+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DD4D3S2iwnUQC%26pg%3DPA18&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a> Hans Wilhelm Haussig, Egidius Schmalzriedt Wörterbuch der Mythologie Klett-Cotta 1965 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-129-09870-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-129-09870-7">978-3-129-09870-7</a> page 314 (german) </li> <li id="cite_note-lg-130"><a href="#cite_ref-lg_130-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGallorini2021" class="citation journal cs1">Gallorini, Louise (2021). Orfali, Bilal (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hdl.handle.net/10938/22446">"The Symbolic Function of Angels in the Qur'ān and Sufi Literature"</a>. Students Publications (Theses, Dissertations, Projects). AUB ScholarWorks: 190. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/10938%2F22446">10938/22446</a>. <q>Ibn Barrajān 2, 690.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Students+Publications+%28Theses%2C+Dissertations%2C+Projects%29&rft.atitle=The+Symbolic+Function+of+Angels+in+the+Qur%27%C4%81n+and+Sufi+Literature&rft.pages=190&rft.date=2021&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F10938%2F22446&rft.aulast=Gallorini&rft.aufirst=Louise&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhdl.handle.net%2F10938%2F22446&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a> Sheila Blair, Jonathan M. Bloom The Art and Architecture of Islam 1250-1800 Yale University Press 1995 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-300-06465-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-300-06465-0">978-0-300-06465-0</a> page 62 </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHoover2016" class="citation book cs1">Hoover, Jon (2016). "Withholding Judgment on Islamic Universalism". Locating Hell in Islamic Traditions. Brill. pp. 208–237. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F9789004301368_011">10.1163/9789004301368_011</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-30136-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-30136-8"><bdi>978-90-04-30136-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1163/j.ctt1w8h1w3.16">10.1163/j.ctt1w8h1w3.16</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Withholding+Judgment+on+Islamic+Universalism&rft.btitle=Locating+Hell+in+Islamic+Traditions&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E208-%3C%2Fspan%3E237&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2016&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F10.1163%2Fj.ctt1w8h1w3.16%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1163%2F9789004301368_011&rft.isbn=978-90-04-30136-8&rft.aulast=Hoover&rft.aufirst=Jon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTesei2016" class="citation book cs1">Tesei, Tommaso (2016). "The barzakh and the Intermediate State of the Dead in the Quran". Locating Hell in Islamic Traditions. Brill. pp. 29–55. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F9789004301368_003">10.1163/9789004301368_003</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-30136-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-30136-8"><bdi>978-90-04-30136-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1163/j.ctt1w8h1w3.8">10.1163/j.ctt1w8h1w3.8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+barzakh+and+the+Intermediate+State+of+the+Dead+in+the+Quran&rft.btitle=Locating+Hell+in+Islamic+Traditions&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E29-%3C%2Fspan%3E55&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2016&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F10.1163%2Fj.ctt1w8h1w3.8%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1163%2F9789004301368_003&rft.isbn=978-90-04-30136-8&rft.aulast=Tesei&rft.aufirst=Tommaso&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a> Jones, Alan. "Early Arabic poetry: select poems." (No Title) (2011). p. 114 </li> <li id="cite_note-Lange,_Christian_2015._p._80-135">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lange,_Christian_2015._p._80_135-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lange,_Christian_2015._p._80_135-1">b</a> Lange, Christian. Locating hell in Islamic traditions. Brill, 2015. p. 80 </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><a href="#cite_ref-136">^</a> Lange, Christian. Locating hell in Islamic traditions. Brill, 2015. p. 79 </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a> Lange, Christian. Locating hell in Islamic traditions. Brill, 2015. p. 77 </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><a href="#cite_ref-138">^</a> Lange, C. (2016). Paradise and Hell in Islamic Traditions. Vereinigtes Königreich: Cambridge University Press. </li> <li id="cite_note-139"><a href="#cite_ref-139">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAksoy" class="citation web cs1">Aksoy, Gürdal. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/35372440">"Mezopotamyalı Tanrı Nergal'den Zerdüşti Kutsiyetlere Münker ile Nekir'in Garip Maceraları (On the Astrological Background and the Cultural Origins of An Islamic Belief: The Strange Adventures of Munkar and Nakir from the Mesopotamian god Nergal to the Zoroastrian Divinities) (2017)"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mezopotamyal%C4%B1+Tanr%C4%B1+Nergal%27den+Zerd%C3%BC%C5%9Fti+Kutsiyetlere+M%C3%BCnker+ile+Nekir%27in+Garip+Maceralar%C4%B1+%28On+the+Astrological+Background+and+the+Cultural+Origins+of+An+Islamic+Belief%3A+The+Strange+Adventures+of+Munkar+and+Nakir+from+the+Mesopotamian+god+Nergal+to+the+Zoroastrian+Divinities%29+%282017%29&rft.aulast=Aksoy&rft.aufirst=G%C3%BCrdal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F35372440&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Self-published_sources" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">self-published source?</a>] </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTrompf,_G._W.Mikkelsen,_Gunner_B.Johnston,_Jay" class="citation book cs1">Trompf, G. W.; Mikkelsen, Gunner B.; Johnston, Jay (eds.). The gnostic world. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-315-56160-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-315-56160-8"><bdi>978-1-315-56160-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1056109897">1056109897</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+gnostic+world&rft.place=Abingdon%2C+Oxon&rft.pub=Routledge&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1056109897&rft.isbn=978-1-315-56160-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRichard1991" class="citation book cs1">Richard, Bell (1991). Bosworth, Clifford Edmund.; Richardson, M. E. J. (eds.). A commentary on the Qur'ān. University of Manchester. p. 453. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9516124-1-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-9516124-1-7"><bdi>0-9516124-1-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/24725147">24725147</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+commentary+on+the+Qur%27%C4%81n&rft.pages=453&rft.pub=University+of+Manchester&rft.date=1991&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F24725147&rft.isbn=0-9516124-1-7&rft.aulast=Richard&rft.aufirst=Bell&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-142"><a href="#cite_ref-142">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNeuwirth2011" class="citation book cs1">Neuwirth, Angelika (2011). Der Koran: Band 1: Frühmekkanische Suren: Poetische Prophetie: Handkommentar mit Übersetzung. p. 369.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Der+Koran%3A+Band+1%3A+Fr%C3%BChmekkanische+Suren%3A+Poetische+Prophetie%3A+Handkommentar+mit+%C3%9Cbersetzung&rft.pages=369&rft.date=2011&rft.aulast=Neuwirth&rft.aufirst=Angelika&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-143"><a href="#cite_ref-143">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJones2007" class="citation book cs1">Jones, Alan (2007). The Qurʼān. Cambridge: Gibb Memorial Trust. p. 545. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-909724-32-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-909724-32-7"><bdi>978-1-909724-32-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/878413496">878413496</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Qur%CA%BC%C4%81n&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pages=545&rft.pub=Gibb+Memorial+Trust&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F878413496&rft.isbn=978-1-909724-32-7&rft.aulast=Jones&rft.aufirst=Alan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-144"><a href="#cite_ref-144">^</a> Lange, Christian. Locating hell in Islamic traditions. Brill, 2015. p. 93 </li> <li id="cite_note-145"><a href="#cite_ref-145">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCaldwell1913" class="citation journal cs1">Caldwell, William (1913). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F474708">"The Doctrine of Satan: II. Satan in Extra-Biblical Apocalyptical Literature"</a>. The Biblical World. 41 (2): 98–102. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F474708">10.1086/474708</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3142425">3142425</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:144698491">144698491</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Biblical+World&rft.atitle=The+Doctrine+of+Satan%3A+II.+Satan+in+Extra-Biblical+Apocalyptical+Literature&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E98-%3C%2Fspan%3E102&rft.date=1913&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A144698491%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F3142425%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F474708&rft.aulast=Caldwell&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1086%252F474708&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-146"><a href="#cite_ref-146">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGregoryTuckettNicklas2015" class="citation book cs1">Gregory, Andrew F.; Tuckett, Christopher Mark; Nicklas, Tobias (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yHQ_CgAAQBAJ">The Oxford Handbook of Early Christian Apocrypha</a>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-964411-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-964411-7"><bdi>978-0-19-964411-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Handbook+of+Early+Christian+Apocrypha&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-0-19-964411-7&rft.aulast=Gregory&rft.aufirst=Andrew+F.&rft.au=Tuckett%2C+Christopher+Mark&rft.au=Nicklas%2C+Tobias&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyHQ_CgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Al-Durr_Al-Manthur_fi_Tafsir;_Suyuti-147">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Al-Durr_Al-Manthur_fi_Tafsir;_Suyuti_147-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Al-Durr_Al-Manthur_fi_Tafsir;_Suyuti_147-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFal-Suyuti" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">al-Suyuti. <a class="external text" href="https://ar.wikisource.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AB%D9%88%D8%B1/%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%82">"الدر المنثور في التفسير بالمأثور"</a> [Al-Durr Al-Manthur interpretation based on the hadiths]. Arabic Wikisource (in Arabic). Retrieved 22 July 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Arabic+Wikisource&rft.atitle=%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%B1+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AB%D9%88%D8%B1+%D9%81%D9%8A+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B1+%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A3%D8%AB%D9%88%D8%B1&rft.au=al-Suyuti&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Far.wikisource.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25AF%25D8%25B1_%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D9%2585%25D9%2586%25D8%25AB%25D9%2588%25D8%25B1%2F%25D8%25B3%25D9%2588%25D8%25B1%25D8%25A9_%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25B9%25D9%2584%25D9%2582&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AZabaniyah" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="People_and_things_in_the_Quran146" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Characters_and_names_in_the_Quran" title="Template:Characters and names in the Quran"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Characters_and_names_in_the_Quran" title="Template talk:Characters and names in the Quran"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a 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class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Non-humans10" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Non-humans</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/God_in_Islam" title="God in Islam">Allāh</a> ('The <a href="/wiki/God" title="God">God</a>') <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Names_of_God_in_Islam" title="Names of God in Islam">Names</a> of <a href="/wiki/Allah" title="Allah">Allah</a> found in the Quran, such as Karīm (Generous)</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Animals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Al-Baqara" title="Al-Baqara">baqara</a> (cow) of Israelites</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Joseph_in_Islam#The_plot_against_Joseph" title="Joseph in Islam">dhiʾb</a> (wolf) that Jacob feared could attack Joseph</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Al-Fil" title="Al-Fil">fīl</a> (<a href="/wiki/War_elephant" title="War elephant">elephant</a>) of the Abyssinians</li> <li>Ḥimār (<a href="/wiki/Donkey" title="Donkey">Domesticated donkey</a>)</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Solomon_in_Islam#Reign" title="Solomon in Islam">hud-hud</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hoopoe" title="Hoopoe">hoopoe</a>) of Solomon</li> <li>The kalb (dog) of the <a href="/wiki/Seven_Sleepers#Islam" title="Seven Sleepers">sleepers of the cave</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Solomon_in_Islam#Reign" title="Solomon in Islam">namlah</a> (female ant) of Solomon</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Jonah#The_fish" title="Jonah">nūn</a> (fish or whale) of Jonah</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/She-Camel_of_God" class="mw-redirect" title="She-Camel of God">nāqat</a> (she-camel) of Ṣāliḥ</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>ʿAnkabūt (Female <a href="/wiki/Spider" title="Spider">spider</a>)</li> <li>Dābbat al-Arḍ (<a href="/wiki/Beast_of_the_Earth" title="Beast of the Earth">Beast of the Earth</a>)</li> <li>Ḥimār (<a href="/wiki/Onager" title="Onager">Wild ass</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honey#Ancient_times" title="Honey">Naḥl</a> (<a href="/wiki/Honey_bee" title="Honey bee">Honey bee</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qaswarah" class="mw-redirect" title="Qaswarah">Qaswarah</a> ('<a href="/wiki/Asiatic_lion" title="Asiatic lion">Lion</a>', 'beast of prey' or 'hunter')</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Angels_in_Islam" title="Angels in Islam">Malāʾikah</a> (<a href="/wiki/Angel" title="Angel">Angels</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Angels of Hell <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maalik" title="Maalik">Mālik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zabaniyya" class="mw-redirect" title="Zabaniyya">Zabāniyah</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bearers_of_the_Throne" title="Bearers of the Throne">Bearers of the Throne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harut_and_Marut" title="Harut and Marut">Harut and Marut</a></li> <li>Kirāman Kātibīn (Honourable Scribes) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Raqib" class="mw-redirect" title="Raqib">Raqib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atid" title="Atid">Atid</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munkar_and_Nakir" title="Munkar and Nakir">Munkar and Nakir</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Muqarrabun34" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Archangel#Islam" title="Archangel">Muqarrabun</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel#Islam" title="Gabriel">Jibrīl</a> (Gabriel, chief) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/R%C5%AB%E1%B8%A5" title="Rūḥ">Ar-Rūḥ</a> ('The Spirit') <ul><li>Ar-Rūḥ al-Amīn ('The Trustworthy Spirit')</li> <li>Ar-Rūḥ al-Qudus ('The <a href="/wiki/Holy_Spirit" title="Holy Spirit">Holy Spirit</a>')</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>Angel of the Trumpet (<a href="/wiki/Israfil" title="Israfil">Isrāfīl</a> or <a href="/wiki/Raphael_(archangel)" title="Raphael (archangel)">Raphael</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azrael#In_Islam" title="Azrael">Malakul-Mawt</a> (Angel of Death, Azrael)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_(archangel)#Islam" title="Michael (archangel)">Mīkāil</a> (Michael)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Jinn" title="Jinn">Jinn</a> (Genies)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jann_(legendary_creature)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jann (legendary creature)">Jann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ifrit#Islamic_scripture" title="Ifrit">ʿIfrīt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asmodeus" title="Asmodeus">Sakhr</a> (Asmodeus)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qareen" title="Qareen">Qarīn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Shaitan" title="Shaitan">Shayāṭīn</a> (<a href="/wiki/Demon" title="Demon">Demons</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iblis" title="Iblis">Iblīs</a> <a href="/wiki/Satan#Islam" title="Satan">ash-Shayṭān</a> (the (chief) <a href="/wiki/Devil" title="Devil">Devil</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marid" title="Marid">Mārid</a> ('Rebellious one')</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ghilman" title="Ghilman">Ghilmān</a> or Wildān</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houri" title="Houri">Ḥūr</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Prophets45" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Prophets_and_messengers_in_Islam" title="Prophets and messengers in Islam">Prophets</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mentioned</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adam_in_Islam" title="Adam in Islam">Ādam</a> (<a href="/wiki/Adam" title="Adam">Adam</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Yasa" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Yasa">Al-Yasa</a>ʿ (<a href="/wiki/Elisha" title="Elisha">Elisha</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job_in_Islam" title="Job in Islam">Ayyūb</a> (<a href="/wiki/Job_(biblical_figure)" title="Job (biblical figure)">Job</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_in_Islam" title="David in Islam">Dāwūd</a> (<a href="/wiki/David" title="David">David</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhul-Kifl" class="mw-redirect" title="Dhul-Kifl">Dhūl-Kifl</a> (Ezekiel?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aaron_in_Islam" title="Aaron in Islam">Hārūn</a> (Aaron)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hud_(prophet)" title="Hud (prophet)">Hūd</a> (Eber?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idris_(prophet)" title="Idris (prophet)">Idrīs</a> (<a href="/wiki/Enoch" title="Enoch">Enoch</a>?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elijah#Elijah_in_Islam" title="Elijah">Ilyās</a> (Elijah)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joachim#In_Islam" title="Joachim">ʿImrān</a> (Joachim the father of Maryam)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_in_Islam" title="Isaac in Islam">Isḥāq</a> (<a href="/wiki/Isaac" title="Isaac">Isaac</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ishmael_in_Islam" title="Ishmael in Islam">Ismāʿīl</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ishmael" title="Ishmael">Ishmael</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Binding_of_Isaac#Muslim_views" title="Binding of Isaac">Dhabih Ullah</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lot_in_Islam" title="Lot in Islam">Lūṭ</a> (<a href="/wiki/Lot_(biblical_person)" title="Lot (biblical person)">Lot</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salih" title="Salih">Ṣāliḥ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shuaib" title="Shuaib">Shuʿayb</a> (Jethro, Reuel or <a href="/wiki/Hobab_(biblical_figure)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hobab (biblical figure)">Hobab</a>?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solomon_in_Islam" title="Solomon in Islam">Sulaymān</a> ibn Dāwūd (<a href="/wiki/Solomon" title="Solomon">Solomon</a> son of David)</li> <li>ʿ<a href="/wiki/Uzair" title="Uzair">Uzair</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ezra" title="Ezra">Ezra</a>?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_the_Baptist#Islam" title="John the Baptist">Yaḥyā</a> ibn Zakariyyā (<a href="/wiki/John_the_Baptist" title="John the Baptist">John the Baptist</a> the son of Zechariah)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacob_in_Islam" title="Jacob in Islam">Yaʿqūb</a> (<a href="/wiki/Jacob" title="Jacob">Jacob</a>) <ul><li>Isrāʾīl (Israel)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonah#Jonah_in_Islam" title="Jonah">Yūnus</a> (<a href="/wiki/Jonah" title="Jonah">Jonah</a>) <ul><li>Dhūn-Nūn ('He of the <a href="/wiki/Fish" title="Fish">Fish</a> (or <a href="/wiki/Whale" title="Whale">Whale</a>)' or 'Owner of the Fish (or Whale)')</li> <li>Ṣāḥib al-Ḥūt ('Companion of the Whale')</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_in_Islam" title="Joseph in Islam">Yūsuf</a> ibn Ya‘qūb (<a href="/wiki/Joseph" title="Joseph">Joseph</a> son of Jacob)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zechariah_(New_Testament_figure)#In_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Zechariah (New Testament figure)">Zakariyyā</a> (<a href="/wiki/Zechariah_(New_Testament_figure)" class="mw-redirect" title="Zechariah (New Testament figure)">Zechariah</a>)</li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ulu-l-%E2%80%98Azm" class="mw-redirect" title="Ulu-l-‘Azm">Ulul-ʿAzm</a> ('Those of the Perseverance and Strong Will')</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muḥammad</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_in_the_Quran" title="Muhammad in the Quran">Aḥmad</a></li> <li>Other <a href="/wiki/Names_and_titles_of_Muhammad" title="Names and titles of Muhammad">names and titles of Muhammad</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_in_Islam" title="Jesus in Islam">ʿĪsā</a> (<a href="/wiki/Jesus" title="Jesus">Jesus</a>) <ul><li>Al-Masīḥ (The <a href="/wiki/Messiah" title="Messiah">Messiah</a>)</li> <li>Ibn Maryam (Son of Mary)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moses_in_Islam" title="Moses in Islam">Mūsā Kalīmullāh</a> (<a href="/wiki/Moses" title="Moses">Moses</a> He who spoke to God)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_in_Islam" title="Abraham in Islam">Ibrāhīm Khalīlullāh</a> (<a href="/wiki/Abraham" title="Abraham">Abraham</a> Friend of God)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noah_in_Islam" title="Noah in Islam">Nūḥ</a> (<a href="/wiki/Noah" title="Noah">Noah</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Debatable ones</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dhu_al-Qarnayn" title="Dhu al-Qarnayn">Dhūl-Qarnain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luqman" title="Luqman">Luqmān</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_in_Islam" title="Mary in Islam">Maryam</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mary,_mother_of_Jesus" title="Mary, mother of Jesus">Mary</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talut" title="Talut">Ṭālūt</a> (<a href="/wiki/Saul" title="Saul">Saul</a> or <a href="/wiki/Gideon" title="Gideon">Gideon</a>?)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Implied</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jeremiah#Islamic_views" title="Jeremiah">Irmiyā</a> (Jeremiah)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel#Islam" title="Samuel">Ṣamūʾīl</a> (<a href="/wiki/Samuel" title="Samuel">Samuel</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joshua#In_Islam" title="Joshua">Yūshaʿ ibn Nūn</a> (Joshua, companion and successor of Moses)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="People_of_Prophets18" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">People of Prophets</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Good ones</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Adam's immediate relatives <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cain_and_Abel_in_Islam" title="Cain and Abel in Islam">Martyred son</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eve#Islamic_view" title="Eve">Wife</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habib_the_Carpenter" title="Habib the Carpenter">Believer of Ya-Sin</a></li> <li>Family of Noah <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lamech_(father_of_Noah)" title="Lamech (father of Noah)">Father Lamech</a></li> <li>Mother Shamkhah bint Anush or Betenos</li></ul></li> <li>Luqman's son</li> <li>People of Abraham <ul><li>Mother Abiona or Amtelai the daughter of Karnebo</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hagar_in_Islam" title="Hagar in Islam">Ishmael's mother</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah#In_Islam" title="Sarah">Isaac's mother</a></li></ul></li> <li>People of Jesus <ul><li>Disciples (including <a href="/wiki/Peter_in_Islam" title="Peter in Islam">Peter</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Anne#In_Islam" title="Saint Anne">Mary's mother</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_(biblical_figure)#In_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Elizabeth (biblical figure)">Zechariah's wife</a></li></ul></li> <li>People of Solomon <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bathsheba#Islam" title="Bathsheba">Mother</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Sheba#Islamic" title="Queen of Sheba">Queen of Sheba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asif_ibn_Barkhiya" title="Asif ibn Barkhiya">Vizier</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zayd_ibn_Harithah" class="mw-redirect" title="Zayd ibn Harithah">Zayd</a> (Muhammad's adopted son)</li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People of Joseph</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Brothers (including <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_in_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Benjamin in Islam">Binyāmin</a> (Benjamin) and <a href="/wiki/Simeon_(son_of_Jacob)" title="Simeon (son of Jacob)">Simeon</a>)</li> <li>Egyptians <ul><li>ʿAzīz (<a href="/wiki/Potiphar" title="Potiphar">Potiphar</a>, Qatafir or Qittin)</li> <li>Malik (King Ar-Rayyān ibn Al-Walīd))</li> <li>Wife of ʿAzīz (<a href="/wiki/Zuleikha_(tradition)" class="mw-redirect" title="Zuleikha (tradition)">Zulaykhah</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rachel#In_Islam" title="Rachel">Mother</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People of Aaron and Moses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Egyptians <ul><li>Believer (Hizbil or Hizqil ibn Sabura)</li> <li>Imraʾat Firʿawn (<a href="/wiki/Asiya" title="Asiya">Āsiyá bint Muzāḥim</a> the <a href="/wiki/Pharaoh%27s_daughter_(Exodus)#In_Muslim_tradition" title="Pharaoh's daughter (Exodus)">Wife of Pharaoh</a>, who adopted Moses)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moses_in_Islam#Confrontation_with_sorcerers" title="Moses in Islam">Magicians of the Pharaoh</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khidr" title="Khidr">Wise, pious man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zipporah" title="Zipporah">Moses' wife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leah" title="Leah">Moses' sister-in-law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jochebed#The_Islamic_view_of_Jochebed" title="Jochebed">Mother</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miriam#Quranic_account" title="Miriam">Sister</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Evil ones</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_in_Islam#Family" title="Abraham in Islam">Āzar</a> (possibly <a href="/wiki/Terah#Islamic_tradition" title="Terah">Terah</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pharaoh_in_Islam" title="Pharaoh in Islam">Firʿawn</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pharaoh" title="Pharaoh">Pharaoh</a> of Moses' time)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haman_(Islam)" title="Haman (Islam)">Hāmān</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goliath#Islam" title="Goliath">Jālūt</a> (Goliath)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korah#Quranic_reference" title="Korah">Qārūn</a> (Korah, cousin of Moses)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samiri_(Islamic_figure)" class="mw-redirect" title="Samiri (Islamic figure)">As-Sāmirī</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ab%C5%AB_Lahab" class="mw-redirect" title="Abū Lahab">Abū Lahab</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Slayers_of_%E1%B9%A2%C4%81li%E1%B8%A5%27s_she-camel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Slayers of Ṣāliḥ's she-camel (page does not exist)">Slayers of Ṣāliḥ's she-camel</a> (Qaddar ibn Salif and Musda' ibn Dahr)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Implied or not specified</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abraha" title="Abraha">Abraha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Bakr" title="Abu Bakr">Abu Bakr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balaam#Balaam_in_the_Quran" title="Balaam">Bal'am/Balaam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bar%E1%B9%A3%C4%AB%E1%B9%A3%C4%81" title="Barṣīṣā">Barṣīṣā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caleb#Quranic_account" title="Caleb">Caleb or Kaleb</a> the companion of Joshua</li> <li>Luqman's son</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nebuchadnezzar_II" title="Nebuchadnezzar II">Nebuchadnezzar II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nimrod" title="Nimrod">Nimrod</a></li> <li>Rahmah the wife of Ayyub</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaddad" title="Shaddad">Shaddad</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Groups6" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Groups</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mentioned</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Aṣḥāb al-Jannah <ul><li>People of Paradise</li> <li>People of the Burnt Garden</li></ul></li> <li>Aṣḥāb as-Sabt (Companions of the <a href="/wiki/Sabbath" title="Sabbath">Sabbath</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disciples_of_Jesus_in_Islam" title="Disciples of Jesus in Islam">Jesus' apostles</a> <ul><li>Ḥawāriyyūn (<a href="/wiki/Disciples_of_Jesus_in_Islam" title="Disciples of Jesus in Islam">Disciples of Jesus</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noah%27s_Ark" title="Noah's Ark">Companions of Noah's Ark</a></li> <li>Aṣḥāb al-Kahf war-Raqīm (<a href="/wiki/Seven_Sleepers#Islam" title="Seven Sleepers">Companions of the Cave</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sahab,_Jordan#Famous_places_in_Sahab" title="Sahab, Jordan">Al-Raqaim?</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Fil" title="Al-Fil">Companions of the Elephant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_towns_in_Saudi_Arabia#Al-Ukhd.C5.ABd_Archeological_Area" title="Ancient towns in Saudi Arabia">People of al-Ukhdūd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People_of_Ya-Sin" title="People of Ya-Sin">People of a township in Surah Ya-Sin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medina#Pre-Islamic_times" title="Medina">People of Yathrib</a> or <a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Medina</a></li> <li>Qawm Lūṭ (People of Sodom and Gomorrah)</li> <li>Nation of Noah</li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Tribes,_ethnicitiesor_families39" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tribes, ethnicities or families</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>‘<a href="/wiki/Ajam" title="Ajam">Ajam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rum_(endonym)" title="Rum (endonym)">Ar-Rūm</a> (literally 'The Romans')</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israelites" title="Israelites">Banī Isrāʾīl</a> (Children of Israel)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sodom_and_Gomorrah#Islamic" title="Sodom and Gomorrah">Muʾtafikāt</a> (Sodom and Gomorrah)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_in_Islam" title="Abraham in Islam">People of Ibrahim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elijah#Elijah_in_Islam" title="Elijah">People of Ilyas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noah_in_Islam" title="Noah in Islam">People of Nuh</a></li> <li>People of Shuaib <ul><li>Ahl Madyan <a href="/wiki/Midian#In_the_Qur'an" title="Midian">People of Madyan</a>)</li> <li>Aṣḥāb al-Aykah ('Companions of the Wood')</li></ul></li> <li>Qawm <a href="/wiki/Jonah#Jonah_in_Islam" title="Jonah">Yūnus</a> (People of Jonah)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gog_and_Magog#Qur'an" title="Gog and Magog">Ya'juj and Ma'juj/Gog and Magog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copts" title="Copts">People of Fir'aun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslim_world" title="Muslim world">Current Ummah of Islam (Ummah of Muhammad)</a> <ul><li>Aṣḥāb Muḥammad (<a href="/wiki/Companions_of_the_Prophet" title="Companions of the Prophet">Companions of Muhammad</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ansar_(Islam)" title="Ansar (Islam)">Anṣār</a> (literally 'Helpers')</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhajirun" title="Muhajirun">Muhajirun</a> (Emigrants from Mecca to Medina)</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>People of <a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Mecca</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Umm_Jamil" title="Umm Jamil">Wife of Abu Lahab</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Job_in_Islam" title="Job in Islam">Children of Ayyub</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cain_and_Abel_in_Islam" title="Cain and Abel in Islam">Sons of Adam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wives_aboard_Noah%27s_Ark" title="Wives aboard Noah's Ark">Wife of Nuh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lot%27s_wife" title="Lot's wife">Wife of Lut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gog_and_Magog#Qur'an" title="Gog and Magog">Yaʾjūj wa Maʾjūj</a> (Gog and Magog)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sons_of_Noah#Extrabiblical_sons_of_Noah" class="mw-redirect" title="Sons of Noah">Son of Nuh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Arabs" title="Arabs">Aʿrāb</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tribes_of_Arabia" title="Tribes of Arabia">Arabs</a> or <a href="/wiki/Bedouin" title="Bedouin">Bedouins</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%CA%BF%C4%80d" title="ʿĀd">ʿĀd</a> (people of Hud)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Companions_of_the_Rass" title="Companions of the Rass">Companions of the Rass</a></li> <li>Qawm Tubbaʿ (People of <a href="/wiki/List_of_rulers_of_Saba_and_Himyar" title="List of rulers of Saba and Himyar">Tubba</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sabaeans" class="mw-redirect" title="Sabaeans">People of Sabaʾ or Sheba</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quraysh" title="Quraysh">Quraysh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thamud" title="Thamud">Thamūd</a> (people of Ṣāliḥ) <ul><li>Aṣḥāb al-Ḥijr ('Companions of the <a href="/wiki/Mada%27in_Saleh" class="mw-redirect" title="Mada'in Saleh">Stoneland</a>')</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ahl al-Bayt ('People of the Household')</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Household of Abraham <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jacob#Children_of_Jacob" title="Jacob">Brothers of Yūsuf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lot%27s_daughters" title="Lot's daughters">Lot's daughters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joachim#In_Islam" title="Joachim">Progeny of Imran</a></li></ul></li> <li>Household of Moses</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahl_al-Bayt" title="Ahl al-Bayt">Household of Muhammad</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banu_Hashim" title="Banu Hashim">ibn Abdullah ibn Abdul-Muttalib ibn Hashim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genealogy_of_Khadijah%27s_daughters" class="mw-redirect" title="Genealogy of Khadijah's daughters">Daughters of Muhammad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad%27s_wives" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad's wives">Muhammad's wives</a></li></ul></li> <li>Household of Salih</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Implicitly mentioned</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amalek" title="Amalek">Amalek</a></li> <li>Ahl as-Suffa (People of the Verandah)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banu_Nadir" title="Banu Nadir">Banu Nadir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banu_Qaynuqa" title="Banu Qaynuqa">Banu Qaynuqa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banu_Qurayza" title="Banu Qurayza">Banu Qurayza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_peoples" title="Iranian peoples">Iranian people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umayyad_Caliphate" title="Umayyad Caliphate">Umayyad Dynasty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banu_Aws" title="Banu Aws">Aus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Banu_Khazraj" title="Banu Khazraj">Khazraj</a></li> <li>People of <a href="/wiki/Quba_Mosque" title="Quba Mosque">Quba</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Religious groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dhimmi" title="Dhimmi">Ahl al-Dhimmah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kafir" title="Kafir">Kāfirūn</a> <ul><li>disbelievers</li></ul></li> <li>Majūs <a href="/wiki/Zoroastrianism" title="Zoroastrianism">Zoroastrians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munafiq" title="Munafiq">Munāfiqūn</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hypocrisy" title="Hypocrisy">Hypocrites</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslims" title="Muslims">Muslims</a> <ul><li>Believers</li></ul></li> <li>Ahl al-Kitāb (<a href="/wiki/People_of_the_Book" title="People of the Book">People of the Book</a>) <ul><li>Naṣārā (<a href="/wiki/Christians" title="Christians">Christian</a>(s) or People of the Injil) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Monk" title="Monk">Ruhban (Christian monks)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priest#Christianity" title="Priest">Qissis (Christian priest)</a></li></ul></li> <li>Yahūd (<a href="/wiki/Jews" title="Jews">Jews</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hakham" title="Hakham">Ahbār (Jewish scholars)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rabbi" title="Rabbi">Rabbani/Rabbi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabians#Islamic_reference" title="Sabians">Sabians</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polytheism" title="Polytheism">Polytheists</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_pre-Islamic_Arabia#Mecca" title="Religion in pre-Islamic Arabia">Meccan polytheists</a> at the time of Muhammad</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Mesopotamian_religion" title="Ancient Mesopotamian religion">Mesopotamian polytheists</a> at the time of Abraham and Lot</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Locations25" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Locations</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mentioned</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Land" title="Holy Land">Al-Arḍ Al-Muqaddasah</a> ('The Holy Land') <ul><li>'Blessed' Land'</li></ul></li> <li>Al-<a href="/wiki/Jannah" title="Jannah">Jannah</a> (<a href="/wiki/Paradise" title="Paradise">Paradise</a>, literally 'The Garden')</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jahannam" title="Jahannam">Jahannam</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hell" title="Hell">Hell</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bab_Huta" class="mw-redirect" title="Bab Huta">Door of Hittah</a></li> <li>Madyan (<a href="/wiki/Midian" title="Midian">Midian</a>)</li> <li>Majmaʿ al-Baḥrayn</li> <li>Miṣr (Mainland <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a>)</li> <li>Salsabīl (A river in Paradise)</li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In the <a href="/wiki/Arabian_Peninsula" title="Arabian Peninsula">Arabian Peninsula</a> (excluding Madyan)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hud_(prophet)#Historical_context" title="Hud (prophet)">Al-Aḥqāf</a> ('The Sandy Plains,' or 'the Wind-curved Sand-hills') <ul><li>Iram dhāt al-ʿImād (<a href="/wiki/Iram_of_the_Pillars" title="Iram of the Pillars">Iram of the Pillars</a>)</li></ul></li> <li>Al-<a href="/wiki/Medina" title="Medina">Madīnah</a> (formerly <a href="/wiki/Medina#Pre-Islamic_times" title="Medina">Yathrib</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Arafat" title="Mount Arafat">ʿArafāt</a> and <a href="/wiki/Muzdalifah#The_Sacred_Monument" title="Muzdalifah">Al-Mashʿar Al-Ḥarām</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hegra_(Mada%27in_Salih)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hegra (Mada'in Salih)">Al-Ḥijr</a> (Hegra)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Badr,_Saudi_Arabia" title="Badr, Saudi Arabia">Badr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunayn,_Saudi_Arabia" title="Hunayn, Saudi Arabia">Ḥunayn</a></li> <li>Makkah (<a href="/wiki/Mecca" title="Mecca">Mecca</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bakkah" title="Bakkah">Bakkah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haram_(site)" title="Haram (site)">Ḥaraman</a> Āminan ('Sanctuary (which is) Secure')</li> <li>Kaʿbah (<a href="/wiki/Kaaba" title="Kaaba">Kaaba</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maqam_Ibrahim" title="Maqam Ibrahim">Maqām Ibrāhīm</a> (Station of Abraham)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safa_and_Marwa" title="Safa and Marwa">Safa and Marwa</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabaeans" class="mw-redirect" title="Sabaeans">Sabaʾ</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sheba" title="Sheba">Sheba</a>) <ul><li>ʿArim Sabaʾ (<a href="/wiki/Marib_Dam" title="Marib Dam">Dam of Sheba</a>)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ar_Rass" title="Ar Rass">Rass</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sinai_Peninsula_in_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Sinai Peninsula in Islam">Sinai Region</a> or Tīh Desert</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Al-<a href="/wiki/Wadi" title="Wadi">Wād</a> Al-Muqaddas Ṭuwan (The Holy <a href="/wiki/Valley_of_Tuwa" class="mw-redirect" title="Valley of Tuwa">Valley of Tuwa</a>) <ul><li>Al-Wādil-Ayman (The valley on the 'righthand' side of the Valley of Tuwa and <a href="/wiki/Biblical_Mount_Sinai" class="mw-redirect" title="Biblical Mount Sinai">Mount Sinai</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Buq%E2%80%98ah_Al-Mub%C4%81rakah" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Buq‘ah Al-Mubārakah">Al-Buqʿah Al-Mubārakah</a> ('The Blessed Place')</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Sinai" title="Mount Sinai">Mount Sinai</a> or <a href="/wiki/Mount_Tabor" title="Mount Tabor">Mount Tabor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In <a href="/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia">Mesopotamia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Judi" title="Mount Judi">Al-Jūdiyy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Munzal_Al-Mub%C4%81rak" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Munzal Al-Mubārak">Munzalanm-Mubārakan</a> ('Place-of-Landing Blessed')</li></ul></li> <li>Bābil (<a href="/wiki/Babylon" title="Babylon">Babylon</a>)</li> <li>Qaryat Yūnus ('Township of <a href="/wiki/Jonah_in_Islam" title="Jonah in Islam">Jonah</a>,' that is <a href="/wiki/Nineveh" title="Nineveh">Nineveh</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Religious locations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Church" title="Christian Church">Bayʿa</a> (Church)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mihrab" title="Mihrab">Miḥrāb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monastery" title="Monastery">Monastery</a></li> <li>Masjid (<a href="/wiki/Mosque" title="Mosque">Mosque</a>, literally 'Place of <a href="/wiki/Sujud" title="Sujud">Prostration</a>') <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Mash%27ar_Al-Haram" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Mash'ar Al-Haram">Al-Mashʿar Al-Ḥarām</a> ('The Sacred Grove')</li> <li>Al-Masjid Al-Aqṣā (<a href="/wiki/Al-Aqsa" title="Al-Aqsa">Al-Aqsa</a>, literally 'The Farthest Place-of-Prostration')</li> <li>Al-Masjid Al-Ḥarām (The <a href="/wiki/Great_Mosque_of_Mecca" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Mosque of Mecca">Sacred Mosque</a> of Mecca)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demolition_of_Masjid_al-Dirar" title="Demolition of Masjid al-Dirar">Masjid al-Dirar</a></li> <li>A Mosque in the area of Medina, possibly: <ul><li>Masjid Qubāʾ (<a href="/wiki/Quba_Mosque" title="Quba Mosque">Quba Mosque</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Masjid_an-Nabawi" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Masjid an-Nabawi">The Prophet's Mosque</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synagogue" title="Synagogue">Salat (Synagogue)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Implied</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antioch" title="Antioch">Antioch</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antakya" title="Antakya">Antakya</a></li></ul></li> <li>Arabia <ul><li>Al-<a href="/wiki/Hejaz" title="Hejaz">Ḥijāz</a> (literally 'The Barrier') <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_Stone" title="Black Stone">Al-Ḥajar al-Aswad</a> (Black Stone) & <a href="/wiki/Al-Hijr_of_Ishmael" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Hijr of Ishmael">Al-Hijr of Isma'il</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cave_of_Hira" class="mw-redirect" title="Cave of Hira">Cave of Hira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jabal_Thawr#Cave" title="Jabal Thawr">Ghār ath-Thawr</a> (Cave of the Bull)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Hudaybiyyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Treaty of Hudaybiyyah">Hudaybiyyah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ta%27if" class="mw-redirect" title="Ta'if">Ta'if</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayla_(city)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ayla (city)">Ayla</a></li> <li>Barrier of Dhul-Qarnayn</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayt_al-Muqaddas" class="mw-redirect" title="Bayt al-Muqaddas">Bayt al-Muqaddas</a> & <a href="/wiki/Jericho" title="Jericho">'Ariha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesopotamia_in_the_Quran" class="mw-redirect" title="Mesopotamia in the Quran">Bilād ar-Rāfidayn</a> (Mesopotamia)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canaan" title="Canaan">Canaan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_Sleepers#Location_of_the_cave_and_duration_of_stay" title="Seven Sleepers">Cave of Seven Sleepers</a></li> <li>Dār an-Nadwa</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordan_River" title="Jordan River">Jordan River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nile" title="Nile">Nile</a> River</li> <li>Palestine River</li> <li>Paradise of <a href="/wiki/Shaddad" title="Shaddad">Shaddad</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Events,_incidents,_occasions_or_times37" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Events, incidents, occasions or times</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Incident of Ifk</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Night_of_Power" title="Night of Power">Laylat al-Qadr</a> (Night of Decree)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Event_of_Mubahala" class="mw-redirect" title="Event of Mubahala">Event of Mubahala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sayl_al-%27Arim" class="mw-redirect" title="Sayl al-'Arim">Sayl al-ʿArim</a> (Flood of the Great Dam of <a href="/wiki/Ma%27rib" class="mw-redirect" title="Ma'rib">Ma'rib</a> in Sheba)</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Farewell_Pilgrimage" title="Farewell Pilgrimage">Farewell Pilgrimage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Hudaybiyyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Treaty of Hudaybiyyah">Treaty of Hudaybiyyah</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Battles or military expeditions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Trench" title="Battle of the Trench">Battle of al-Aḥzāb</a> ('the Confederates')</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Badr" title="Battle of Badr">Battle of Badr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hunayn" title="Battle of Hunayn">Battle of Hunayn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Khaybar" title="Battle of Khaybar">Battle of Khaybar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Uhud" title="Battle of Uhud">Battle of Uhud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expedition_of_Tabuk" title="Expedition of Tabuk">Expedition of Tabuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_Mecca" title="Conquest of Mecca">Conquest of Mecca</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Days</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Al-<a href="/wiki/Jumu%27ah" class="mw-redirect" title="Jumu'ah">Jumuʿah</a> (The Friday)</li> <li>As-<a href="/wiki/Sabbath#Islam" title="Sabbath">Sabt</a> (The Sabbath or Saturday)</li> <li>Days of battles</li> <li>Days of Hajj</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Last_Judgment" title="Last Judgment">Doomsday</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Months of the <a href="/wiki/Islamic_calendar" title="Islamic calendar">Islamic calendar</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>12 months: Four holy months <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dhu_al-Hijjah" title="Dhu al-Hijjah">Ash-Shahr Al-Ḥarām</a> (The Sacred or Forbidden Month)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramadan" title="Ramadan">Ramaḍān</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pilgrimages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Al-<a href="/wiki/Hajj" title="Hajj">Ḥajj</a> (literally 'The Pilgrimage', the Greater Pilgrimage)</li> <li>Al-ʿ<a href="/wiki/Umrah" title="Umrah">Umrah</a> (The Lesser Pilgrimage)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Times for prayer or remembrance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">Times for <a href="/wiki/Dua" title="Dua">Duʿāʾ</a> ('<a href="/wiki/Invocation" title="Invocation">Invocation</a>'), <a href="/wiki/Salah" title="Salah">Ṣalāh</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dhikr" title="Dhikr">Dhikr</a> ('Remembrance', including <a href="/wiki/Alhamdulillah" title="Alhamdulillah">Taḥmīd</a> ('Praising'), <a href="/wiki/Takbir" title="Takbir">Takbīr</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tasbih" title="Tasbih">Tasbīḥ</a>): <ul><li>Al-ʿAshiyy (The Afternoon or the Night)</li> <li>Al-Ghuduww ('The Mornings') <ul><li>Al-Bukrah ('The Morning')</li> <li>Aṣ-Ṣabāḥ ('The Morning')</li></ul></li> <li>Al-Layl ('The Night') <ul><li>Al-<a href="/wiki/Isha_prayer" title="Isha prayer">ʿIshāʾ</a> ('The Late-Night')</li></ul></li> <li>Aẓ-<a href="/wiki/Zuhr_prayer" title="Zuhr prayer">Ẓuhr</a> ('The Noon')</li> <li>Dulūk ash-Shams ('Decline of the Sun') <ul><li>Al-<a href="/wiki/Maghrib_prayer" title="Maghrib prayer">Masāʾ</a> ('The Evening')</li> <li>Qabl al-<a href="/wiki/Maghrib_prayer" title="Maghrib prayer">Ghurūb</a> ('Before the Setting (of the Sun)') <ul><li>Al-Aṣīl ('The Afternoon')</li> <li>Al-<a href="/wiki/Asr_prayer" title="Asr prayer">ʿAṣr</a> ('The Afternoon')</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>Qabl ṭulūʿ ash-Shams ('Before the rising of the Sun') <ul><li>Al-<a href="/wiki/Fajr_prayer" title="Fajr prayer">Fajr</a> ('The Dawn')</li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Implied</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghadir_Khumm" title="Ghadir Khumm">Ghadir Khumm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laylat_al-Mabit" class="mw-redirect" title="Laylat al-Mabit">Laylat al-Mabit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Pilgrimage" title="First Pilgrimage">First Pilgrimage</a></li> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Other112" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Other</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Islamic_holy_books" title="Islamic holy books">Holy books</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Al-<a href="/wiki/Gospel_in_Islam" title="Gospel in Islam">Injīl</a> (The <a href="/wiki/Gospel" title="Gospel">Gospel</a> of Jesus)</li> <li>Al-<a href="/wiki/Quran" title="Quran">Qurʾān</a> (The Book of Muhammad)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scrolls_of_Abraham" title="Scrolls of Abraham">Ṣuḥuf-i Ibrāhīm</a> (Scroll(s) of Abraham)</li> <li>At-<a href="/wiki/Torah_in_Islam" title="Torah in Islam">Tawrāt</a> (The <a href="/wiki/Torah" title="Torah">Torah</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Scrolls_of_Moses" title="Scrolls of Moses">Ṣuḥuf-i-Mūsā</a> (Scroll(s) of Moses)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tablets_of_Stone" title="Tablets of Stone">Tablets of Stone</a></li></ul></li> <li>Az-<a href="/wiki/Zabur" title="Zabur">Zabūr</a> (The <a href="/wiki/Psalms" title="Psalms">Psalms</a> of David)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heavenly_Quran" title="Heavenly Quran">Umm al-Kitāb</a> ('Mother of the Book(s)')</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Objects of people or beings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Disciples_of_Jesus_in_Islam" title="Disciples of Jesus in Islam">Heavenly food of Jesus' apostles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noah%27s_Ark" title="Noah's Ark">Noah's Ark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staff_of_Moses" title="Staff of Moses">Staff of Musa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ark_of_the_Covenant#Quran" title="Ark of the Covenant">Tābūt as-Sakīnah</a> (Casket of Shekhinah)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_of_Sheba#Qur'anic_account" title="Queen of Sheba">Throne of Bilqis</a></li> <li>Trumpet of Israfil</li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Mentioned_idols(cult_images)34" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mentioned idols (cult images)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>'Ansāb</li> <li>Jibt and <a href="/wiki/Taghut" title="Taghut">Ṭāghūt</a> (<a href="/wiki/False_god" title="False god">False god</a>)</li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Of Israelites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baal#In_Islam" title="Baal">Baʿal</a></li> <li>The ʿijl (<a href="/wiki/Golden_calf" title="Golden calf">golden calf</a> statue) of Israelites</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Of Noah's people</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nasr_(deity)" title="Nasr (deity)">Nasr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suwa%27" title="Suwa'">Suwāʿ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wadd" title="Wadd">Wadd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yagh%C5%ABth" title="Yaghūth">Yaghūth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ya%27uq" title="Ya'uq">Yaʿūq</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Of Quraysh</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Lat" title="Al-Lat">Al-Lāt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Uzza" title="Al-Uzza">Al-ʿUzzā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manat_(goddess)" title="Manat (goddess)">Manāt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Celestial bodies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">Maṣābīḥ (literally 'lamps'): <ul><li>Al-Qamar (The Moon)</li> <li>Kawākib (Planets) <ul><li>Al-Arḍ (The Earth)</li></ul></li> <li>Nujūm (Stars) <ul><li>Ash-Shams (The Sun)</li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Plant matter</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li>Baṣal (Onion)</li> <li>Fūm (Garlic or wheat)</li> <li>Shaṭʾ (Shoot)</li> <li>Sūq (Plant stem)</li> <li>Zarʿ (Seed)</li> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fruits</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>ʿAdas (<a href="/wiki/Lentil" title="Lentil">Lentil</a>)</li> <li>Baql (Herb)</li> <li>Qith-thāʾ (<a href="/wiki/Cucumber" title="Cucumber">Cucumber</a>)</li> <li>Rummān (<a href="/wiki/Pomegranate" title="Pomegranate">Pomegranate</a>)</li> <li>Tīn (<a href="/wiki/Fig" title="Fig">Fig</a>)</li> <li>Zaytūn (<a href="/wiki/Olive" title="Olive">Olive</a>)</li> <li>In Paradise <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Forbidden_fruit#Islamic_tradition" title="Forbidden fruit">Forbidden fruit of Adam</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Bushes, trees or plants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Plants of Sheba <ul><li>Athl (<a href="/wiki/Tamarix" title="Tamarix">Tamarisk</a>)</li> <li>Sidr (<a href="/wiki/Celtis_australis" title="Celtis australis">Lote-tree</a>)</li></ul></li> <li>Līnah (Tender <a href="/wiki/Arecaceae" title="Arecaceae">Palm tree</a>)</li> <li>Nakhl (<a href="/wiki/Date_palm" title="Date palm">Date palm</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidrat_al-Muntaha" title="Sidrat al-Muntaha">Sidrat al-Muntahā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaqqum" title="Zaqqum">Zaqqūm</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Liquids</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Māʾ (Water or fluid) <ul><li>Nahr (River)</li> <li>Yamm (River or sea)</li></ul></li> <li>Sharāb (Drink)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Note: Names are sorted alphabetically. Standard form: Islamic name / Biblical name (title or relationship)</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Angels_in_Abrahamic_religions233" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Angels_in_Abrahamic_religions" title="Template:Angels in Abrahamic religions"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Angels_in_Abrahamic_religions" title="Template talk:Angels in Abrahamic religions"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Angels_in_Abrahamic_religions" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Angels in Abrahamic religions"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Angels_in_Abrahamic_religions233" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Angel" title="Angel">Angels</a> in <a href="/wiki/Abrahamic_religions" title="Abrahamic religions">Abrahamic religions</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Angels_in_Judaism" title="Angels in Judaism">Angels in Judaism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Individuals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michael_(archangel)" title="Michael (archangel)">Michael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel" title="Gabriel">Gabriel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raphael_(archangel)" title="Raphael (archangel)">Raphael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uriel" title="Uriel">Uriel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angel_of_the_Lord" title="Angel of the Lord">Angel of the Lord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angel_of_the_Presence" title="Angel of the Presence">Angel of the Presence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Destroying_angel_(Bible)" title="Destroying angel (Bible)">Destroying Angel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azrael" title="Azrael">Azrael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariel_(angel)" title="Ariel (angel)">Ariel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arariel" title="Arariel">Arariel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azazel" title="Azazel">Azazel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camael" title="Camael">Camael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassiel" title="Cassiel">Cassiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dobiel" title="Dobiel">Dobiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dumah_(angel)" title="Dumah (angel)">Dumah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eisheth" title="Eisheth">Eisheth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hadraniel" title="Hadraniel">Hadraniel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haniel" title="Haniel">Haniel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerahmeel_(archangel)" title="Jerahmeel (archangel)">Jerahmeel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jophiel" title="Jophiel">Jophiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kushiel" title="Kushiel">Kushiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lailah_(angel)" title="Lailah (angel)">Lailah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mastema" title="Mastema">Mastema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metatron" title="Metatron">Metatron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuriel" title="Nuriel">Nuriel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pravuil" title="Pravuil">Pravuil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raziel" title="Raziel">Raziel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sachiel" title="Sachiel">Sachiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samael" title="Samael">Samael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samyaza" title="Samyaza">Samyaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandalphon" title="Sandalphon">Sandalphon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaphkiel" title="Zaphkiel">Tzaphqiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yahoel" title="Yahoel">Yahoel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zadkiel" title="Zadkiel">Zadkiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zerachiel" title="Zerachiel">Zerachiel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seraph" title="Seraph">Seraphim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Living_creatures_(Bible)" title="Living creatures (Bible)">Chayot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ophanim" title="Ophanim">Ophanim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherub" title="Cherub">Cherubim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hashmal" title="Hashmal">Hashmallim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ishim_(angel)" title="Ishim (angel)">Ishim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sons_of_God" title="Sons of God">Sons of God</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recording_angel" title="Recording angel">Recording angels</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Angels_in_Christianity" title="Angels in Christianity">Angels in Christianity</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Individuals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michael_(archangel)" title="Michael (archangel)">Michael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel" title="Gabriel">Gabriel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abaddon" title="Abaddon">Abaddon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raphael_(archangel)" title="Raphael (archangel)">Raphael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uriel" title="Uriel">Uriel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariel_(angel)" title="Ariel (angel)">Ariel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azazel" title="Azazel">Azazel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sariel" title="Sariel">Sariel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandalphon" title="Sandalphon">Sandalphon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raguel_(angel)" title="Raguel (angel)">Raguel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramiel" title="Ramiel">Ramiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selaphiel" title="Selaphiel">Selaphiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barachiel" title="Barachiel">Barachiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jegudiel" title="Jegudiel">Jegudiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camael" title="Camael">Camael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angel_of_Portugal" title="Angel of Portugal">Guardian Angel of Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerahmeel_(archangel)" title="Jerahmeel (archangel)">Jerahmeel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jophiel" title="Jophiel">Jophiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metatron" title="Metatron">Metatron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samyaza" title="Samyaza">Samyaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pravuil" title="Pravuil">Pravuil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sachiel" title="Sachiel">Sachiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zadkiel" title="Zadkiel">Zadkiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarathiel" title="Sarathiel">Sarathiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zerachiel" title="Zerachiel">Zerachiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phanuel_(angel)" title="Phanuel (angel)">Phanuel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aker_(angel)" title="Aker (angel)">Aker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabuthelon" title="Gabuthelon">Gabuthelon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arphugitonos" title="Arphugitonos">Arphugitonos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beburos" title="Beburos">Beburos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zebuleon" title="Zebuleon">Zebuleon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_(angel)" title="Daniel (angel)">Daniel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerubiel" title="Kerubiel">Kerubiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kokabiel" title="Kokabiel">Kokabiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kushiel" title="Kushiel">Kushiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lailah_(angel)" title="Lailah (angel)">Leliel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muriel_(angel)" title="Muriel (angel)">Muriel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pahaliah" title="Pahaliah">Pahaliah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seraphiel" title="Seraphiel">Seraphiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shamsiel" title="Shamsiel">Shamsiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chazaqiel" title="Chazaqiel">Chazaqiel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Seraph" title="Seraph">Seraphim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherub" title="Cherub">Cherubim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ophanim" title="Ophanim">Ophanim</a>/<a href="/wiki/Throne_(angel)" title="Throne (angel)">Thrones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominion_(angel)" title="Dominion (angel)">Dominions</a>/<a href="/wiki/Christian_angelology" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian angelology">Lordships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_angelology" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian angelology">Virtues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_angelology" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian angelology">Powers</a>/<a href="/wiki/Christian_angelology" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian angelology">Authorities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_angelology" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian angelology">Principalities</a>/<a href="/wiki/Christian_angelology" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian angelology">Rulers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archangel" title="Archangel">Archangels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watcher_(angel)" title="Watcher (angel)">Watchers</a>/<a href="/wiki/Guardian_angel" title="Guardian angel">Guardian angels</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Angels_in_Islam" title="Angels in Islam">Angels in Islam</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Individuals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michael_(archangel)" title="Michael (archangel)">Mikha'il</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel" title="Gabriel">Jibra'il</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israfil" title="Israfil">Israfil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azrael" title="Azrael">Azra'il</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C5%AB%E1%B8%A5" title="Rūḥ">ar-Rūḥ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azazil" title="Azazil">ʿAzāzīl</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iblis" title="Iblis">Iblis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artiya%27il" title="Artiya'il">Artiya'il</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darda%27il" title="Darda'il">Darda'il</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dumah_(angel)" title="Dumah (angel)">Dumah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalqa%27il" title="Kalqa'il">Kalqa'il</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Futrus" title="Futrus">Futrus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habib_(angel)" title="Habib (angel)">Ḥabīb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harut_and_Marut" title="Harut and Marut">Harut and Marut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maalik" title="Maalik">Mālik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munkar_and_Nakir" title="Munkar and Nakir">Munkar and Nakir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ri%E1%B8%8Dwan" title="Riḍwan">Riḍwan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bearers_of_the_Throne" title="Bearers of the Throne">Mu'qarrabun</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cherub" title="Cherub">Cherubim</a> and <a href="/wiki/Seraph" title="Seraph">Seraphim</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archangel" title="Archangel">Archangels</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Angels of Hell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mu%27aqqibat" title="Mu'aqqibat">Hafaza</a> (<a href="/wiki/Guardian_angel" title="Guardian angel">Guardian angel</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiraman_Katibin" title="Kiraman Katibin">Recording angels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C4%81zi%27%C4%81t_and_N%C4%81shi%E1%B9%AD%C4%81t" title="Nāzi'āt and Nāshiṭāt">Nāzi'āt and Nāshiṭāt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Uthra" title="Uthra">Uthras (angels) in Mandaeism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Individuals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yushamin" title="Yushamin">Yushamin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abatur" title="Abatur">Abatur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ptahil" title="Ptahil">Ptahil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hibil" title="Hibil">Hibil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shitil" title="Shitil">Shitil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anush_(Mandaeism)" title="Anush (Mandaeism)">Anush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Ziwa" title="Sam Ziwa">Sam Ziwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manda_d-Hayyi" title="Manda d-Hayyi">Manda d-Hayyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shilmai" title="Shilmai">Shilmai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nidbai" title="Nidbai">Nidbai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adathan_and_Yadathan" title="Adathan and Yadathan">Adathan and Yadathan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yufin-Yufafin" title="Yufin-Yufafin">Yufin-Yufafin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urfeil_and_Marfeil" title="Urfeil and Marfeil">Urfeil and Marfeil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarwan" title="Tarwan">Tar and Tarwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bihram" title="Bihram">Bihram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zihrun" title="Zihrun">Zihrun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etinsib_Ziwa" title="Etinsib Ziwa">Etinsib Ziwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nbat" title="Nbat">Nbat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nsab" title="Nsab">Nsab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gubran" title="Gubran">Gubran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shihlun" title="Shihlun">Shihlun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yurba" title="Yurba">Yurba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yukabar" title="Yukabar">Yukabar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yukashar" title="Yukashar">Yukashar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yawar_Ziwa" title="Yawar Ziwa">Yawar Ziwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simat_Hayyi" title="Simat Hayyi">Simat Hayyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saureil" title="Saureil">Saureil</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Uthra" title="Uthra">Niṭufta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gupna" class="mw-redirect" title="Gupna">Gupna</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ziwa_(Aramaic)" title="Ziwa (Aramaic)">Ziwa</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angel_Moroni" title="Angel Moroni">Angel Moroni</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mormonism" title="Mormonism">Mormonism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hierarchy_of_angels" title="Hierarchy of angels">Hierarchy of angels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heavenly_host" title="Heavenly host">Heavenly host</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_Archangels" title="Seven Archangels">Seven Archangels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Angels%27_Messages" title="Three Angels' Messages">Three Angels' Messages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watcher_(angel)" title="Watcher (angel)">Watcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fallen_angel" title="Fallen angel">Fallen angels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_angels_in_theology" title="List of angels in theology">List of angels in theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_angels_in_Ars_Paulina" title="List of angels in Ars Paulina">List of angels in Ars Paulina</a></li> <li>Ambiguous <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chalkydri" title="Chalkydri">Chalkydri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elioud" title="Elioud">Elioud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nephilim" title="Nephilim">Nephilim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teraphim" title="Teraphim">Teraphim</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angels_in_art" title="Angels in art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_angels_in_fiction" title="List of angels in fiction">List of angels in fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_films_about_angels" title="List of films about angels">List of films about angels</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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