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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Modes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Modes</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Modes-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Modes subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Modes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Human-powered" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Human-powered"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Human-powered</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Human-powered-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Animal-powered" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Animal-powered"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Animal-powered</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Animal-powered-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Air" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Air"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Air</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Air-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Land" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Land"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Land</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Land-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Rail" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rail"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4.1</span> <span>Rail</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rail-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Road" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Road"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4.2</span> <span>Road</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Road-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Water" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Water"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Water</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Water-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_modes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_modes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>Other modes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_modes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Elements" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Elements"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Elements</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Elements-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Elements subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Elements-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Infrastructure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Infrastructure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Infrastructure</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Infrastructure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Means_of_transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Means_of_transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Means of transport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Means_of_transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Animals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Animals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span>Animals</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Animals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vehicles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vehicles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.2</span> <span>Vehicles</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vehicles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Operation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Operation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Operation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Operation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Policy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Policy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Policy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Policy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Functions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Functions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Functions</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Functions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Functions subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Functions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Passenger" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Passenger"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Passenger</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Passenger-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Medical" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Medical"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Medical</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Medical-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Freight" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Freight"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Freight</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Freight-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Industry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Industry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Industry</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Industry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Impact" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Impact"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Impact</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Impact-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Impact subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Impact-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Economic" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economic"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Economic</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economic-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Planning" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Planning"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Planning</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Planning-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Environment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Environment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Environment</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Environment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sustainable_development" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sustainable_development"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Sustainable development</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sustainable_development-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Natural" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Natural"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Natural</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Natural-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Water_transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Water_transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Water transport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Water_transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mechanical" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mechanical"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Mechanical</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mechanical-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Transport</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 161 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-161" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">161 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vervoer" title="Vervoer – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Vervoer" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verkehr" title="Verkehr – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Verkehr" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%9B%E1%8C%93%E1%8C%93%E1%8B%9D" title="ማጓጓዝ – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ማጓጓዝ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82" title="Атранспорт – Abkhazian" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Атранспорт" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkhazian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%82%D9%84" title="نقل – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نقل" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transporte" title="Transporte – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Transporte" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%A3" title="পৰিবহণ – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="পৰিবহণ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tresporte" title="Tresporte – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Tresporte" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jereraha" title="Jereraha – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Jereraha" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C9%99qliyyat" title="Nəqliyyat – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Nəqliyyat" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%82%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="نقلیات – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="نقلیات" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%B2n%C3%ACni" title="Dònìni – Bambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Dònìni" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="Bambara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%A8" title="পরিবহন – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="পরিবহন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paangkutan" title="Paangkutan – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Paangkutan" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kau-thong" title="Kau-thong – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Kau-thong" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angkutan" title="Angkutan – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Angkutan" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82" title="Транспорт – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Транспорт" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82" title="Транспарт – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Транспарт" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82" title="Транспарт – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Транспарт" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%A8" title="परिवहन – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="परिवहन" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transportasyon" title="Transportasyon – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Transportasyon" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82" title="Транспорт – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Транспорт" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport" title="Transport – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Transport" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treuzdougen" title="Treuzdougen – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Treuzdougen" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport" title="Transport – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Transport" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82" title="Транспорт – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Транспорт" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doprava" title="Doprava – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Doprava" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kututa" title="Kututa – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Kututa" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cludiant" title="Cludiant – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Cludiant" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport" title="Transport – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Transport" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verkehr" title="Verkehr – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Verkehr" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport" title="Transport – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Transport" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%AD%CF%82" title="Μεταφορές – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μεταφορές" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Ардома – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Ардома" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transporte" title="Transporte – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Transporte" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transporto" title="Transporto – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Transporto" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transporti" title="Transporti – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Transporti" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garraio" title="Garraio – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Garraio" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="ترابری – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ترابری" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport" title="Transport – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Transport" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport" title="Transport – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Transport" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport" title="Transport – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Transport" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traspuart" title="Traspuart – Friulian" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Traspuart" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friulian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iompar" title="Iompar – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Iompar" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arraghey" title="Arraghey – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Arraghey" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%B2mhdhail" title="Còmhdhail – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Còmhdhail" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transporte" title="Transporte – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Transporte" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%81%8B%E8%BC%B8" title="運輸 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="運輸" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B5%90%ED%86%B5" title="교통 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="교통" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sufuri" title="Sufuri – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Sufuri" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8F%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%BD%D5%BA%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%BF" title="Տրանսպորտ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Տրանսպորտ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%A8" title="परिवहन – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="परिवहन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport" title="Transport – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Transport" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transportasi" title="Transportasi – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Transportasi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transporto" title="Transporto – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Transporto" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iu mw-list-item"><a href="https://iu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%90%83%E1%96%8F%E1%95%90%E1%95%8B%E1%94%BE%E1%94%AA%E1%91%8E%E1%91%A6" title="ᐃᖏᕐᕋᔾᔪᑎᑦ – Inuktitut" lang="iu" hreflang="iu" data-title="ᐃᖏᕐᕋᔾᔪᑎᑦ" data-language-autonym="ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut" data-language-local-name="Inuktitut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82" title="Транспорт – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Транспорт" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intutho" title="Intutho – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Intutho" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samg%C3%B6ngur" title="Samgöngur – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Samgöngur" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trasporto" title="Trasporto – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Trasporto" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%97%D7%91%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%94" title="תחבורה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="תחבורה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angkudan" title="Angkudan – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Angkudan" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kl mw-list-item"><a href="https://kl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angallassissutit" title="Angallassissutit – Kalaallisut" lang="kl" hreflang="kl" data-title="Angallassissutit" data-language-autonym="Kalaallisut" data-language-local-name="Kalaallisut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kalaallisut</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%86" title="ಸಾರಿಗೆ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಸಾರಿಗೆ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="ტრანსპორტი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ტრანსპორტი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D3%A9%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Көлік – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Көлік" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treusporth" title="Treusporth – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Treusporth" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usafiri" title="Usafiri – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Usafiri" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transp%C3%B2" title="Transpò – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Transpò" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transp%C3%B2" title="Transpò – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Transpò" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82" title="Транспорт – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Транспорт" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vectura" title="Vectura – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Vectura" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transports" title="Transports – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Transports" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport" title="Transport – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Transport" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transportas" title="Transportas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Transportas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trasp%C3%B2rto" title="Traspòrto – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Traspòrto" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verveur" title="Verveur – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Verveur" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transporta" title="Transporta – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Transporta" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trasport" title="Trasport – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Trasport" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B6zleked%C3%A9s" title="Közlekedés – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Közlekedés" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B7" title="Превоз – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Превоз" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fitaterana" title="Fitaterana – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fitaterana" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%82" title="ഗതാഗതം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഗതാഗതം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%B3%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B3%E0%A4%A3" title="दळणवळण – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="दळणवळण" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="ტრანსპორტი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ტრანსპორტი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pengangkutan" title="Pengangkutan – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pengangkutan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transportasi" title="Transportasi – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Transportasi" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trasporte" title="Trasporte – Mirandese" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Trasporte" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9E%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9A%E1%80%B0%E1%80%95%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B7%E1%80%86%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9B%E1%80%B1%E1%80%B8" title="သယ်ယူပို့ဆောင်ရေး – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="သယ်ယူပို့ဆောင်ရေး" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcm mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transportation" title="Transportation – Nigerian Pidgin" lang="pcm" hreflang="pcm" data-title="Transportation" data-language-autonym="Naijá" data-language-local-name="Nigerian Pidgin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Naijá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kauti" title="Kauti – Fijian" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Kauti" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fijian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vervoer" title="Vervoer – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Vervoer" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vervoor" title="Vervoor – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Vervoor" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A" title="交通 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="交通" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traspuorte" title="Traspuorte – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Traspuorte" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82" title="Транспорт – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Транспорт" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferkiar" title="Ferkiar – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Ferkiar" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport" title="Transport – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Transport" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport" title="Transport – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Transport" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport" title="Transport – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Transport" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport" title="Transport – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Transport" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transp%C3%B2rt" title="Transpòrt – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Transpòrt" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82" title="Транспорт – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Транспорт" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geejjiba" title="Geejjiba – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Geejjiba" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport" title="Transport – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Transport" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A2%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%86-%E0%A8%A2%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%88" title="ਢੋਆ-ਢੁਆਈ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਢੋਆ-ਢੁਆਈ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%B9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%BE%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%B9" title="ٹرانسپورٹ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ٹرانسپورٹ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%95%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AC%E1%80%A1%E1%80%AE%E1%80%91%E1%80%AC%EA%A9%BB" title="ပသာအီထာꩻ – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="ပသာအီထာꩻ" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%DB%90%DA%96%D8%AF%DA%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%90" title="لېږدچارې – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="لېږدچارې" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chanspuot" title="Chanspuot – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Chanspuot" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Verkehr" title="Verkehr – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Verkehr" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport" title="Transport – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Transport" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transporte" title="Transporte – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Transporte" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport" title="Transport – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Transport" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport" title="Transport – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Transport" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apaykachay" title="Apaykachay – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Apaykachay" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82" title="Транспорт – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Транспорт" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82" title="Транспорт – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Транспорт" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82" title="Транспорт – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Транспорт" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D" title="परिवहनम् – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="परिवहनम्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trasportu" title="Trasportu – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Trasportu" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport" title="Transport – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Transport" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferkier" title="Ferkier – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Ferkier" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transporti" title="Transporti – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Transporti" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trasporti" title="Trasporti – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Trasporti" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%84%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%BA" title="ප්‍රවාහනය – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ප්‍රවාහනය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport" title="Transport – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Transport" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doprava" title="Doprava – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Doprava" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport" title="Transport – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Transport" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%86%DB%95%D9%88%DB%95" title="گواستنەوە – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="گواستنەوە" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B7" title="Превоз – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Превоз" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport" title="Transport – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Transport" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angkutan" title="Angkutan – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Angkutan" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liikenne" title="Liikenne – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Liikenne" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport" title="Transport – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Transport" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transportasyon" title="Transportasyon – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Transportasyon" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81" title="போக்குவரத்து – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="போக்குவரத்து" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amesni" title="Amesni – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Amesni" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82" title="Транспорт – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Транспорт" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A3%E0%B0%BE" title="రవాణా – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="రవాణా" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87" title="การขนส่ง – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="การขนส่ง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ti mw-list-item"><a href="https://ti.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%98%E1%8C%93%E1%8B%93%E1%8B%9D%E1%8B%AB" title="መጓዓዝያ – Tigrinya" lang="ti" hreflang="ti" data-title="መጓዓዝያ" data-language-autonym="ትግርኛ" data-language-local-name="Tigrinya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ትግርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D2%9B%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%91%D1%82" title="Нақлиёт – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Нақлиёт" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%A1%E1%8F%93%E1%8F%8D%E1%8F%99%E1%8F%97" title="ᎡᏓᏍᏙᏗ – Cherokee" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎡᏓᏍᏙᏗ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="Cherokee" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ula%C5%9F%C4%B1m" title="Ulaşım – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ulaşım" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82" title="Транспорт – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Транспорт" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%82%D9%84_%D9%88_%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%84" title="نقل و حمل – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="نقل و حمل" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trasporto" title="Trasporto – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Trasporto" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport" title="Transport – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Transport" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%E1%BA%ADn_t%E1%BA%A3i" title="Vận tải – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Vận tải" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transport" title="Transport – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Transport" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panakayan" title="Panakayan – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Panakayan" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BF%90%E8%BE%93" title="运输 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="运输" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vutleketli" title="Vutleketli – Tsonga" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Vutleketli" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="Tsonga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%A1%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%98" title="טראנספארט – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="טראנספארט" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%81%8B%E8%BC%B8" title="運輸 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="運輸" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naqliyeci" title="Naqliyeci – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Naqliyeci" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transpuorts" title="Transpuorts – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Transpuorts" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BF%90%E8%BE%93" title="运输 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="运输" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ann mw-list-item"><a href="https://ann.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isi-ije" title="Isi-ije – Obolo" lang="ann" hreflang="ann" data-title="Isi-ije" data-language-autonym="Obolo" data-language-local-name="Obolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Obolo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nr mw-list-item"><a href="https://nr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iinthuthi" title="Iinthuthi – South Ndebele" lang="nr" hreflang="nr" data-title="Iinthuthi" data-language-autonym="IsiNdebele seSewula" data-language-local-name="South Ndebele" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiNdebele seSewula</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7590#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Transport" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Transport" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> 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class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button 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href="/w/index.php?title=Transport&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Transport" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Transport" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport&oldid=1255351901" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Transport&id=1255351901&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FTransport"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FTransport"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Transport&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Transport" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibooks mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Subject:Transportation" hreflang="en"><span>Wikibooks</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikinews mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Category:Transport" hreflang="en"><span>Wikinews</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikiquote mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Transport" hreflang="en"><span>Wikiquote</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikivoyage mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Transportation" hreflang="en"><span>Wikivoyage</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7590" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Transport_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Transport (disambiguation)">Transport (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Transportation" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Transportation_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Transportation (disambiguation)">Transportation (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Transport" title="Special:EditPage/Transport">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Transport%22">"Transport"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Transport%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Transport%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Transport%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Transport%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Transport%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2020</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Main_transport_domains.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Main_transport_domains.svg/330px-Main_transport_domains.svg.png" decoding="async" width="330" height="296" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Main_transport_domains.svg/495px-Main_transport_domains.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Main_transport_domains.svg/660px-Main_transport_domains.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="580" data-file-height="520" /></a><figcaption>Main <a href="/wiki/Mode_of_transport" title="Mode of transport">modes of transportation</a>: <a href="/wiki/Aviation" title="Aviation">air</a>, <a href="/wiki/Land_transport" title="Land transport">land</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ship_transport" class="mw-redirect" title="Ship transport">water</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Spaceflight" title="Spaceflight">space</a>.</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output 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.sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks hlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of a series on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Transport</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#eee"> <a href="/wiki/Mode_of_transport" title="Mode of transport">Modes</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aviation" title="Aviation">Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armoured_fighting_vehicle" title="Armoured fighting vehicle">Armored fighting vehicle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle" title="Bicycle">Bicycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bus" title="Bus">Bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cable_transport" title="Cable transport">Cable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human-powered_transport" title="Human-powered transport">Human-powered</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_transport" title="Land transport">Land</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maritime_transport" title="Maritime transport">Water</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_animal-powered_transport" class="mw-redirect" title="Outline of animal-powered transport">Animal-powered</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personal_rapid_transit" title="Personal rapid transit">Personal rapid transit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pipeline" title="Pipeline">Pipeline transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Powered_exoskeleton" title="Powered exoskeleton">Powered exoskeleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rapid_transit" title="Rapid transit">Rapid transit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Road_transport" title="Road transport">Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spaceflight" title="Spaceflight">Space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supersonic_transport" title="Supersonic transport">Supersonic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Train" title="Train">Train</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tram" title="Tram">Tram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uncrewed_vehicle" title="Uncrewed vehicle">Uncrewed vehicle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vactrain" title="Vactrain">Vactrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Velomobile" title="Velomobile">Velomobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walking" title="Walking">Walking</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#eee"> Topics</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/9-Euro-Ticket" title="9-Euro-Ticket">9-Euro-Ticket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Accessibility_(transport)" title="Accessibility (transport)">Accessibility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_transport_accessibility_level" title="Public transport accessibility level">Accessibility level</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alternatives_to_car_use" title="Alternatives to car use">Alternatives to car use</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_transportation_planning_and_engineering" title="Bicycle transportation planning and engineering">Bicycle transportation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyclability" title="Cyclability">Cyclability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycling_infrastructure" title="Cycling infrastructure">Cycling infrastructure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_engineering" title="Transportation engineering">Engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_public_transport" title="Free public transport">Free public transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_transport_hierarchy" title="Green transport hierarchy">Green transport hierarchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_transport" title="History of transport">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_transport" title="Outline of transport">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_transport" title="Public transport">Public</a> / <a href="/wiki/Private_transport" title="Private transport">Private</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Personal_transporter" title="Personal transporter">Personal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Personal_public_transport" title="Personal public transport">Public</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sustainable_transport" title="Sustainable transport">Sustainable transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_transportation_technology" title="Timeline of transportation technology">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_transport_timetable" title="Public transport timetable">Timetable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_divide" title="Transport divide">Transport divide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_planning" title="Transportation planning">Transportation planning</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="border-top:#aaa 1px solid; border-bottom:#aaa 1px solid;"> <span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nuvola_apps_ksysv_square.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Nuvola_apps_ksysv_square.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_ksysv_square.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Nuvola_apps_ksysv_square.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_ksysv_square.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Nuvola_apps_ksysv_square.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_ksysv_square.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Transport" title="Portal:Transport">Transport portal</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Transport" title="Template:Transport"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Transport" title="Template talk:Transport"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Transport" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Transport"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Transport</b> (in <a href="/wiki/British_English" title="British English">British English</a>) or <b>transportation</b> (in <a href="/wiki/American_English" title="American English">American English</a>) is the intentional <a href="/wiki/Motion" title="Motion">movement</a> of humans, animals, and <a href="/wiki/Cargo" title="Cargo">goods</a> from one location to another. <a href="/wiki/Mode_of_transport" title="Mode of transport">Modes of transport</a> include <a href="/wiki/Aviation" title="Aviation">air</a>, <a href="/wiki/Land_transport" title="Land transport">land</a> (<a href="/wiki/Rail_transport" title="Rail transport">rail</a> and <a href="/wiki/Road_transport" title="Road transport">road</a>), <a href="/wiki/Ship_transport" class="mw-redirect" title="Ship transport">water</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cable_transport" title="Cable transport">cable</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pipeline_transport" class="mw-redirect" title="Pipeline transport">pipelines</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Space_transport" class="mw-redirect" title="Space transport">space</a>. The field can be divided into <a href="/wiki/Infrastructure" title="Infrastructure">infrastructure</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vehicle" title="Vehicle">vehicles</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Business_operations" title="Business operations">operations</a>. Transport enables human <a href="/wiki/Trade" title="Trade">trade</a>, which is essential for the development of <a href="/wiki/Civilization" title="Civilization">civilizations</a>. </p><p>Transport infrastructure consists of both fixed installations, including <a href="/wiki/Road" title="Road">roads</a>, <a href="/wiki/Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Railway">railways</a>, <a href="/wiki/Airway_(aviation)" title="Airway (aviation)">airways</a>, <a href="/wiki/Waterway" title="Waterway">waterways</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canal" title="Canal">canals</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Pipeline_transport" class="mw-redirect" title="Pipeline transport">pipelines</a>, and terminals such as <a href="/wiki/Airport" title="Airport">airports</a>, <a href="/wiki/Train_station" title="Train station">railway stations</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bus_station" title="Bus station">bus stations</a>, <a href="/wiki/Warehouse" title="Warehouse">warehouses</a>, trucking terminals, refueling depots (including fuel docks and <a href="/wiki/Fuel_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Fuel station">fuel stations</a>), and <a href="/wiki/Seaport" class="mw-redirect" title="Seaport">seaports</a>. Terminals may be used both for the interchange of passengers and cargo and for maintenance. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Means_of_transport" title="Means of transport">Means of transport</a> are any of the different kinds of transport facilities used to carry people or cargo. They may include vehicles, <a href="/wiki/Riding_animal" class="mw-redirect" title="Riding animal">riding animals</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Pack_animals" class="mw-redirect" title="Pack animals">pack animals</a>. Vehicles may include <a href="/wiki/Wagons" class="mw-redirect" title="Wagons">wagons</a>, <a href="/wiki/Automobiles" class="mw-redirect" title="Automobiles">automobiles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bicycles" class="mw-redirect" title="Bicycles">bicycles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Buses" class="mw-redirect" title="Buses">buses</a>, <a href="/wiki/Train" title="Train">trains</a>, <a href="/wiki/Truck" title="Truck">trucks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Helicopter" title="Helicopter">helicopters</a>, <a href="/wiki/Watercraft" title="Watercraft">watercraft</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spacecraft" title="Spacecraft">spacecraft</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Fixed-wing_aircraft" title="Fixed-wing aircraft">aircraft</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Modes">Modes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Modes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Mode_of_transport" title="Mode of transport">Mode of transport</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Manchester_Transport_Montage.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Manchester_Transport_Montage.jpg/220px-Manchester_Transport_Montage.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="320" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Manchester_Transport_Montage.jpg/330px-Manchester_Transport_Montage.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Manchester_Transport_Montage.jpg/440px-Manchester_Transport_Montage.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3279" data-file-height="4775" /></a><figcaption>Various modes of transport in <a href="/wiki/Manchester" title="Manchester">Manchester</a>, England</figcaption></figure> <p>A mode of transport is a solution that makes use of a certain type of vehicle, infrastructure, and operation. The transport of a person or of cargo may involve one mode or several of the modes, with the latter case being called inter-modal or multi-modal transport. Each mode has its own advantages and disadvantages, and will be chosen on the basis of cost, capability, and route. </p><p>Governments deal with the way the vehicles are operated, and the procedures set for this purpose, including financing, legalities, and policies. In the transport industry, operations and ownership of infrastructure can be either public or private, depending on the country and mode. </p><p>Passenger transport may be <a href="/wiki/Public_transport" title="Public transport">public</a>, where operators provide scheduled services, or <a href="/wiki/Private_transport" title="Private transport">private</a>. Freight transport has become focused on <a href="/wiki/Containerization" title="Containerization">containerization</a>, although <a href="/wiki/Bulk_material_handling" title="Bulk material handling">bulk transport</a> is used for large volumes of durable items. Transport plays an important part in economic growth and <a href="/wiki/Globalization" title="Globalization">globalization</a>, but most types cause <a href="/wiki/Air_pollution" title="Air pollution">air pollution</a> and <a href="/wiki/Land_use" title="Land use">use large amounts of land</a>. While it is heavily subsidized by governments, good planning of transport is essential to make <a href="/wiki/Traffic_flow" title="Traffic flow">traffic flow</a> and restrain <a href="/wiki/Urban_sprawl" title="Urban sprawl">urban sprawl</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Human-powered">Human-powered</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Human-powered"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Human-powered_transport" title="Human-powered transport">Human-powered transport</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sherpa_carrying_woods.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Sherpa_carrying_woods.JPG/170px-Sherpa_carrying_woods.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Sherpa_carrying_woods.JPG/255px-Sherpa_carrying_woods.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Sherpa_carrying_woods.JPG/340px-Sherpa_carrying_woods.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1944" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Human-powered_transport" title="Human-powered transport">Human-powered transport</a> remains common in developing countries.</figcaption></figure> <p>Human-powered transport, a form of <a href="/wiki/Sustainable_transport" title="Sustainable transport">sustainable transport</a>, is the transport of people or goods using <a href="/wiki/Human" title="Human">human</a> muscle-power, in the form of <a href="/wiki/Walking" title="Walking">walking</a>, <a href="/wiki/Running" title="Running">running</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Human_swimming" class="mw-redirect" title="Human swimming">swimming</a>. Modern <a href="/wiki/Technology" title="Technology">technology</a> has allowed <a href="/wiki/Machine" title="Machine">machines</a> to enhance human power. Human-powered transport remains popular for reasons of cost-saving, <a href="/wiki/Leisure" title="Leisure">leisure</a>, <a href="/wiki/Physical_exercise" class="mw-redirect" title="Physical exercise">physical exercise</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Environmentalism" title="Environmentalism">environmentalism</a>; it is sometimes the only type available, especially in underdeveloped or inaccessible regions. </p><p>Although humans are able to walk without infrastructure, the transport can be enhanced through the use of roads, especially when using the human power with vehicles, such as <a href="/wiki/Bicycle" title="Bicycle">bicycles</a> and <a href="/wiki/Inline_skates" title="Inline skates">inline skates</a>. Human-powered vehicles have also been developed for difficult environments, such as snow and water, by <a href="/wiki/Watercraft_rowing" class="mw-redirect" title="Watercraft rowing">watercraft rowing</a> and <a href="/wiki/Skiing" title="Skiing">skiing</a>; even the air can be entered with <a href="/wiki/Human-powered_aircraft" title="Human-powered aircraft">human-powered aircraft</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Animal-powered">Animal-powered</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Animal-powered"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Animal-powered_transport" class="mw-redirect" title="Animal-powered transport">Animal-powered transport</a></div> <p>Animal-powered transport is the use of <a href="/wiki/Working_animal" title="Working animal">working animals</a> for the movement of people and commodities. Humans may ride some of the animals directly, use them as <a href="/wiki/Pack_animal" title="Pack animal">pack animals</a> for carrying goods, or harness them, alone or in <a href="/wiki/Team" title="Team">teams</a>, to pull <a href="/wiki/Sled" title="Sled">sleds</a> or wheeled <a href="/wiki/Vehicle" title="Vehicle">vehicles</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Air">Air</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Air"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Aviation" title="Aviation">Aviation</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Airfrance.a318-100.f-guga.arp.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="White jet aircraft coming into land, undercarriage fully extended. Under each wing is a turbofan engine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Airfrance.a318-100.f-guga.arp.jpg/220px-Airfrance.a318-100.f-guga.arp.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Airfrance.a318-100.f-guga.arp.jpg/330px-Airfrance.a318-100.f-guga.arp.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Airfrance.a318-100.f-guga.arp.jpg/440px-Airfrance.a318-100.f-guga.arp.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2360" data-file-height="1535" /></a><figcaption>An <a href="/wiki/Air_France" title="Air France">Air France</a> <a href="/wiki/Airbus_A320_family" title="Airbus A320 family">Airbus A318</a> landing at <a href="/wiki/London_Heathrow_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="London Heathrow Airport">London Heathrow Airport</a></figcaption></figure> <p>A <a href="/wiki/Fixed-wing_aircraft" title="Fixed-wing aircraft">fixed-wing aircraft</a>, commonly called an airplane, is a heavier-than-air craft where movement of the air in relation to the wings is used to generate lift. The term is used to distinguish this from <a href="/wiki/Rotorcraft" title="Rotorcraft">rotary-wing aircraft</a>, where the movement of the lift surfaces relative to the air generates lift. A <a href="/wiki/Gyroplane" class="mw-redirect" title="Gyroplane">gyroplane</a> is both fixed-wing and rotary wing. Fixed-wing aircraft range from small trainers and recreational aircraft to large <a href="/wiki/Airliner" title="Airliner">airliners</a> and military cargo aircraft. </p><p>Two things necessary for aircraft are air flow over the wings for <a href="/wiki/Lift_(soaring)" title="Lift (soaring)">lift</a> and an area for <a href="/wiki/Landing" title="Landing">landing</a>. The majority of aircraft also need an <a href="/wiki/Airport" title="Airport">airport</a> with the infrastructure for maintenance, restocking, and refueling and for the loading and unloading of crew, cargo, and passengers.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While the vast majority of aircraft land and take off on land, some are capable of take-off and landing on ice, snow, and calm water. </p><p>The aircraft is the second fastest method of transport, after the <a href="/wiki/Rocket" title="Rocket">rocket</a>. Commercial jets can reach up to 955 kilometres per hour (593 mph), single-engine aircraft 555 kilometres per hour (345 mph). Aviation is able to quickly transport people and limited amounts of cargo over longer distances, but incurs high costs and energy use; for short distances or in inaccessible places, <a href="/wiki/Helicopter" title="Helicopter">helicopters</a> can be used.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECooperShepherd1998281_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECooperShepherd1998281-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of April 28, 2009, <i>The Guardian</i> article notes that "the WHO estimates that up to 500,000 people are on planes at any time."<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Land">Land</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Land"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Land_transport" title="Land transport">Land transport</a></div> <p>Land transport covers all land-based transport systems that provide for the movement of people, goods, and services. Land transport plays a vital role in linking communities to each other. Land transport is a key factor in <a href="/wiki/Urban_planning" title="Urban planning">urban planning</a>. It consists of two kinds, rail and road. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Rail">Rail</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Rail"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Rail_transport" title="Rail transport">Rail transport</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ICE1_Schellenberg.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="White electric train with red cheatline emerging from tunnel in the countryside" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/ICE1_Schellenberg.jpg/220px-ICE1_Schellenberg.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/ICE1_Schellenberg.jpg/330px-ICE1_Schellenberg.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/ICE1_Schellenberg.jpg/440px-ICE1_Schellenberg.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="667" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Intercity_Express" title="Intercity Express">Intercity Express</a>, a German <a href="/wiki/High-speed_rail" title="High-speed rail">high-speed</a> passenger train</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Monday_morning_rush_at_Xi%27erqi_Station,_southbound_(20170904084423).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Monday_morning_rush_at_Xi%27erqi_Station%2C_southbound_%2820170904084423%29.jpg/220px-Monday_morning_rush_at_Xi%27erqi_Station%2C_southbound_%2820170904084423%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Monday_morning_rush_at_Xi%27erqi_Station%2C_southbound_%2820170904084423%29.jpg/330px-Monday_morning_rush_at_Xi%27erqi_Station%2C_southbound_%2820170904084423%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Monday_morning_rush_at_Xi%27erqi_Station%2C_southbound_%2820170904084423%29.jpg/440px-Monday_morning_rush_at_Xi%27erqi_Station%2C_southbound_%2820170904084423%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2278" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Beijing_Subway" title="Beijing Subway">Beijing Subway</a> is one of the world's largest and busiest rapid transit networks.</figcaption></figure> <p>Rail transport is where a train runs along a set of two parallel <a href="/wiki/Steel" title="Steel">steel</a> rails, known as a railway or railroad. The <a href="/wiki/Rail_tracks#Railway_rail" class="mw-redirect" title="Rail tracks">rails</a> are anchored <a href="/wiki/Perpendicular" title="Perpendicular">perpendicular</a> to <a href="/wiki/Railroad_tie" title="Railroad tie">ties</a> (or sleepers) of timber, concrete, or steel, to maintain a consistent distance apart, or <a href="/wiki/Rail_gauge" class="mw-redirect" title="Rail gauge">gauge</a>. The rails and perpendicular beams are placed on a foundation made of concrete or compressed <a href="/wiki/Soil" title="Soil">earth</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gravel" title="Gravel">gravel</a> in a bed of ballast. Alternative methods include <a href="/wiki/Monorail" title="Monorail">monorail</a> and <a href="/wiki/Maglev_(transport)" class="mw-redirect" title="Maglev (transport)">maglev</a>. </p><p>A train consists of one or more connected vehicles that operate on the rails. Propulsion is commonly provided by a <a href="/wiki/Locomotive" title="Locomotive">locomotive</a>, that hauls a series of unpowered cars, that can carry passengers or freight. The locomotive can be powered by <a href="/wiki/Steam_locomotive" title="Steam locomotive">steam</a>, by <a href="/wiki/Diesel_locomotive" title="Diesel locomotive">diesel</a>, or by <a href="/wiki/Electric_locomotive" title="Electric locomotive">electricity</a> supplied by <a href="/wiki/Railway_electrification_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Railway electrification system">trackside systems</a>. Alternatively, some or all the cars can be powered, known as a <a href="/wiki/Multiple_unit" title="Multiple unit">multiple unit</a>. Also, a train can be powered by <a href="/wiki/Horsecar" title="Horsecar">horses</a>, <a href="/wiki/Funicular" title="Funicular">cables</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gravity" title="Gravity">gravity</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pneumatics" title="Pneumatics">pneumatics</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Gas_turbine" title="Gas turbine">gas turbines</a>. Railed vehicles move with much less friction than rubber tires on paved roads, making trains more <a href="/wiki/Energy_conversion_efficiency" title="Energy conversion efficiency">energy efficient</a>, though not as efficient as ships. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Inter-city_rail" title="Inter-city rail">Intercity</a> trains are long-haul services connecting cities;<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECooperShepherd1998279_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECooperShepherd1998279-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> modern <a href="/wiki/High-speed_rail" title="High-speed rail">high-speed rail</a> is capable of speeds up to 350 km/h (220 mph), but this requires specially built track. <a href="/wiki/Regional_rail" title="Regional rail">Regional</a> and <a href="/wiki/Commuter_rail" title="Commuter rail">commuter</a> trains feed cities from suburbs and surrounding areas, while intra-urban transport is performed by high-capacity <a href="/wiki/Tram" title="Tram">tramways</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rapid_transit" title="Rapid transit">rapid transits</a>, often making up the backbone of a city's public transport. <a href="/wiki/Freight_trains" class="mw-redirect" title="Freight trains">Freight trains</a> traditionally used <a href="/wiki/Box_car" class="mw-redirect" title="Box car">box cars</a>, requiring manual loading and unloading of the <a href="/wiki/Cargo" title="Cargo">cargo</a>. Since the 1960s, <a href="/wiki/Container_train" class="mw-redirect" title="Container train">container trains</a> have become the dominant solution for general freight, while large quantities of bulk are transported by dedicated trains. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Road">Road</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Road"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Road_transport" title="Road transport">Road transport</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:High_Five.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/High_Five.jpg/220px-High_Five.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/High_Five.jpg/330px-High_Five.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/High_Five.jpg/440px-High_Five.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="2667" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Road_transport" title="Road transport">Road transport</a></figcaption></figure> <p>A road is an identifiable <a href="/wiki/Route_number" title="Route number">route</a>, way, or <a href="/wiki/Trail" title="Trail">path</a> between two or more <a href="/wiki/Location_(geography)" class="mw-redirect" title="Location (geography)">places</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Major_Roads_of_the_United_States_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Major_Roads_of_the_United_States-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Roads are typically smoothed, <a href="/wiki/Pavement_(material)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pavement (material)">paved</a>, or otherwise prepared to allow easy travel;<sup id="cite_ref-RoadInfrastructureStrategicFrameworkforSouthAfrica_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RoadInfrastructureStrategicFrameworkforSouthAfrica-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> though they need not be, and historically many roads were simply recognizable routes without any formal <a href="/wiki/Construction" title="Construction">construction</a> or <a href="/wiki/Maintenance,_repair_and_operations" class="mw-redirect" title="Maintenance, repair and operations">maintenance</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELay19926–7_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELay19926–7-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/Urban_area" title="Urban area">urban areas</a>, roads may pass through a <a href="/wiki/City" title="City">city</a> or <a href="/wiki/Village" title="Village">village</a> and be named as <a href="/wiki/Street" title="Street">streets</a>, serving a dual function as urban space <a href="/wiki/Easement" title="Easement">easement</a> and route.<sup id="cite_ref-difference_between_road_and_street_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-difference_between_road_and_street-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The most common road vehicle is the automobile; a <a href="/wiki/Wheel" title="Wheel">wheeled</a> passenger vehicle that carries its own <a href="/wiki/Car_engine" class="mw-redirect" title="Car engine">motor</a>. Other users of roads include <a href="/wiki/Bus" title="Bus">buses</a>, <a href="/wiki/Truck" title="Truck">trucks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Motorcycles" class="mw-redirect" title="Motorcycles">motorcycles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bicycles" class="mw-redirect" title="Bicycles">bicycles</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Pedestrians" class="mw-redirect" title="Pedestrians">pedestrians</a>. As of 2010, there were 1.015 billion automobiles worldwide. Road transport offers complete freedom to road users to transfer the vehicle from one lane to the other and from one road to another according to the need and convenience. This flexibility of changes in location, direction, speed, and timings of travel is not available to other modes of transport. It is possible to provide door-to-door service only by road transport. </p><p>Automobiles provide high flexibility with low capacity, but require high energy and area use, and are the main source of harmful <a href="/wiki/Noise_pollution" title="Noise pollution">noise</a> and <a href="/wiki/Air_pollution" title="Air pollution">air pollution</a> in cities;<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> buses allow for more efficient travel at the cost of reduced flexibility.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECooperShepherd1998279_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECooperShepherd1998279-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Road transport by truck is often the initial and <a href="/wiki/Last_mile_(transportation)" title="Last mile (transportation)">final stage</a> of freight transport. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Water">Water</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Water"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Maritime_transport" title="Maritime transport">Maritime transport</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jadrolinija_supetar_ferry.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Jadrolinija_supetar_ferry.JPG/220px-Jadrolinija_supetar_ferry.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="108" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Jadrolinija_supetar_ferry.JPG/330px-Jadrolinija_supetar_ferry.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Jadrolinija_supetar_ferry.JPG/440px-Jadrolinija_supetar_ferry.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2134" data-file-height="1049" /></a><figcaption>Automobile ferry in <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Water transport is movement by means of a <a href="/wiki/Watercraft" title="Watercraft">watercraft</a>—such as a <a href="/wiki/Barge" title="Barge">barge</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boat" title="Boat">boat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ship" title="Ship">ship</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Sailboat" title="Sailboat">sailboat</a>—over a body of water, such as a <a href="/wiki/Sea" title="Sea">sea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ocean" title="Ocean">ocean</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lake" title="Lake">lake</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canal" title="Canal">canal</a>, or <a href="/wiki/River" title="River">river</a>. The need for buoyancy is common to watercraft, making the <a href="/wiki/Hull_(watercraft)" title="Hull (watercraft)">hull</a> a dominant aspect of its construction, maintenance, and appearance. </p><p>In the 19th century, the first <a href="/wiki/Steam_ships" class="mw-redirect" title="Steam ships">steam ships</a> were developed, using a <a href="/wiki/Steam_engine" title="Steam engine">steam engine</a> to drive a <a href="/wiki/Paddle_wheel" title="Paddle wheel">paddle wheel</a> or <a href="/wiki/Propeller" title="Propeller">propeller</a> to move the ship. The <a href="/wiki/Steam" title="Steam">steam</a> was produced in a <a href="/wiki/Boiler" title="Boiler">boiler</a> using wood or <a href="/wiki/Coal" title="Coal">coal</a> and fed through a steam <a href="/wiki/External_combustion_engine" title="External combustion engine">external combustion engine</a>. Now most ships have an <a href="/wiki/Internal_combustion_engine" title="Internal combustion engine">internal combustion engine</a> using a slightly refined type of <a href="/wiki/Petroleum" title="Petroleum">petroleum</a> called <a href="/wiki/Bunker_fuel" class="mw-redirect" title="Bunker fuel">bunker fuel</a>. Some ships, such as <a href="/wiki/Submarine" title="Submarine">submarines</a>, use <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_power" title="Nuclear power">nuclear power</a> to produce the steam. <a href="/wiki/Recreation" title="Recreation">Recreational</a> or <a href="/wiki/Education" title="Education">educational</a> craft still use wind power, while some smaller craft use <a href="/wiki/Internal_combustion_engines" class="mw-redirect" title="Internal combustion engines">internal combustion engines</a> to drive one or more <a href="/wiki/Propeller" title="Propeller">propellers</a> or, in the case of jet boats, an inboard water jet. In shallow draft areas, <a href="/wiki/Hovercraft" title="Hovercraft">hovercraft</a> are propelled by large pusher-prop fans. (See <a href="/wiki/Marine_propulsion" title="Marine propulsion">Marine propulsion</a>.) </p><p>Although it is slow compared to other transport, modern <a href="/wiki/Sea_transport" class="mw-redirect" title="Sea transport">sea transport</a> is a highly efficient method of transporting large quantities of goods. <a href="/wiki/Commercial_vessel" class="mw-redirect" title="Commercial vessel">Commercial vessels</a>, nearly 35,000 in number, carried 7.4 billion tons of cargo in 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Transport by water is significantly less costly than air transport for transcontinental <a href="/wiki/Shipping" class="mw-redirect" title="Shipping">shipping</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStopford19974–6_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStopford19974–6-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Short_sea_shipping" class="mw-redirect" title="Short sea shipping">short sea shipping</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ferry" title="Ferry">ferries</a> remain viable in coastal areas.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStopford19978–9_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStopford19978–9-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECooperShepherd1998280_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECooperShepherd1998280-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_modes">Other modes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Other modes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Trans-Alaska_Pipeline_System_Luca_Galuzzi_2005.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Oil pipeline winding through cold Alaskan country-side. In the background are mountains, partly snow-capped" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Trans-Alaska_Pipeline_System_Luca_Galuzzi_2005.jpg/220px-Trans-Alaska_Pipeline_System_Luca_Galuzzi_2005.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Trans-Alaska_Pipeline_System_Luca_Galuzzi_2005.jpg/330px-Trans-Alaska_Pipeline_System_Luca_Galuzzi_2005.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Trans-Alaska_Pipeline_System_Luca_Galuzzi_2005.jpg/440px-Trans-Alaska_Pipeline_System_Luca_Galuzzi_2005.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1333" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Trans-Alaska_Pipeline" class="mw-redirect" title="Trans-Alaska Pipeline">Trans-Alaska Pipeline</a> for <a href="/wiki/Crude_oil" class="mw-redirect" title="Crude oil">crude oil</a></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Pipeline_transport" class="mw-redirect" title="Pipeline transport">Pipeline transport</a> sends goods through a <a href="/wiki/Pipe_(material)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pipe (material)">pipe</a>; most commonly liquid and gases are sent, but <a href="/wiki/Pneumatic_tube" title="Pneumatic tube">pneumatic tubes</a> can also send solid capsules using compressed air. For liquids/gases, any chemically stable liquid or gas can be sent through a pipeline. Short-distance systems exist for <a href="/wiki/Sewage" title="Sewage">sewage</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slurry" title="Slurry">slurry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Water" title="Water">water</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Beer" title="Beer">beer</a>, while long-distance networks are used for <a href="/wiki/Petroleum" title="Petroleum">petroleum</a> and <a href="/wiki/Natural_gas" title="Natural gas">natural gas</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Cable_transport" title="Cable transport">Cable transport</a> is a broad mode where vehicles are pulled by <a href="/wiki/Wire_rope" title="Wire rope">cables</a> instead of an internal power source. It is most commonly used at steep <a href="/wiki/Gradient" title="Gradient">gradient</a>. Typical solutions include <a href="/wiki/Aerial_tramway" title="Aerial tramway">aerial tramways</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elevator" title="Elevator">elevators</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ski_lift" title="Ski lift">ski lifts</a>; some of these are also categorized as <a href="/wiki/Conveyor_belt" title="Conveyor belt">conveyor</a> transport. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Space_transport" class="mw-redirect" title="Space transport">Spaceflight</a> is transport outside Earth's atmosphere by means of a <a href="/wiki/Spacecraft" title="Spacecraft">spacecraft</a>. It is most frequently used for <a href="/wiki/Satellite" title="Satellite">satellites</a> placed in Earth orbit. However, <a href="/wiki/Human_spaceflight" title="Human spaceflight">human spaceflight</a> mission have landed on the Moon and are occasionally used to rotate crew-members to <a href="/wiki/Space_station" title="Space station">space stations</a>. <a href="/wiki/Uncrewed_spacecraft" title="Uncrewed spacecraft">Uncrewed spacecraft</a> have also been sent to all the planets of the Solar System. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Suborbital_spaceflight" class="mw-redirect" title="Suborbital spaceflight">Suborbital spaceflight</a> is the fastest of the existing and planned transport systems from a place on Earth to a distant "other place" on Earth. Faster transport could be achieved through part of a <a href="/wiki/Low_Earth_orbit" title="Low Earth orbit">low Earth orbit</a> or by following that trajectory even faster, using the propulsion of the rocket to steer it. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Elements">Elements</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Elements"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Infrastructure">Infrastructure</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Infrastructure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Infrastructure" title="Infrastructure">Infrastructure</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:GoldenGateBridge_BakerBeach_MC.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/GoldenGateBridge_BakerBeach_MC.jpg/220px-GoldenGateBridge_BakerBeach_MC.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/GoldenGateBridge_BakerBeach_MC.jpg/330px-GoldenGateBridge_BakerBeach_MC.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/GoldenGateBridge_BakerBeach_MC.jpg/440px-GoldenGateBridge_BakerBeach_MC.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>Bridges, such as <a href="/wiki/Golden_Gate_Bridge" title="Golden Gate Bridge">Golden Gate Bridge</a>, allow roads and railways to cross bodies of water.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tampereen_rantatunneli.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Tampereen_rantatunneli.jpg/220px-Tampereen_rantatunneli.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Tampereen_rantatunneli.jpg/330px-Tampereen_rantatunneli.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Tampereen_rantatunneli.jpg/440px-Tampereen_rantatunneli.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5077" data-file-height="3088" /></a><figcaption>Tunnels, such as the <a href="/wiki/Tampere_Tunnel" title="Tampere Tunnel">Tampere Tunnel</a>, allow traffic to pass underground or through rock formations.</figcaption></figure> <p>Infrastructure is the fixed installations that allow a vehicle to operate. It consists of a roadway, a terminal, and facilities for parking and maintenance. For rail, pipeline, road, and cable transport, the entire way the vehicle travels must be constructed. Air and watercraft are able to avoid this, since the <a href="/wiki/Airway_(aviation)" title="Airway (aviation)">airway</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sea_lane" title="Sea lane">seaway</a> do not need to be constructed. However, they require fixed infrastructure at terminals. </p><p>Terminals such as airports, ports, and stations, are locations where passengers and freight can be transferred from one vehicle or mode to another. For passenger transport, terminals are integrating different modes to allow riders, who are interchanging between modes, to take advantage of each mode's benefits. For instance, <a href="/wiki/Airport_rail_link" title="Airport rail link">airport rail links</a> connect airports to the city centres and suburbs. The terminals for automobiles are <a href="/wiki/Parking_lot" title="Parking lot">parking lots</a>, while buses and coaches can operate from simple stops.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECooperShepherd1998275–276_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECooperShepherd1998275–276-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For freight, terminals act as <a href="/wiki/Transshipment" title="Transshipment">transshipment</a> points, though some cargo is transported directly from the point of production to the point of use. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Transport_finance" title="Transport finance">financing</a> of infrastructure can either be <a href="/wiki/Government" title="Government">public</a> or <a href="/wiki/Private_enterprise" class="mw-redirect" title="Private enterprise">private</a>. Transport is often a <a href="/wiki/Natural_monopoly" title="Natural monopoly">natural monopoly</a> and a necessity for the public; roads, and in some countries railways and airports, are funded through <a href="/wiki/Taxation" class="mw-redirect" title="Taxation">taxation</a>. New infrastructure projects can have high costs and are often financed through <a href="/wiki/Debt" title="Debt">debt</a>. Many infrastructure owners, therefore, impose usage fees, such as <a href="/wiki/Landing_fees" class="mw-redirect" title="Landing fees">landing fees</a> at airports or <a href="/wiki/Toll_plaza" class="mw-redirect" title="Toll plaza">toll plazas</a> on roads. Independent of this, authorities may impose <a href="/wiki/Tax" title="Tax">taxes</a> on the purchase or use of vehicles. Because of poor forecasting and overestimation of passenger numbers by planners, there is frequently a benefits shortfall for transport infrastructure projects.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Means_of_transport">Means of transport</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Means of transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Animals">Animals</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Animals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Animals used in transportation include <a href="/wiki/Pack_animals" class="mw-redirect" title="Pack animals">pack animals</a> and <a href="/wiki/Riding_animal" class="mw-redirect" title="Riding animal">riding animals</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Vehicles">Vehicles</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Vehicles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Vehicle" title="Vehicle">Vehicle</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1992_Fiat_Uno_IE_1.0_Front.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/1992_Fiat_Uno_IE_1.0_Front.jpg/220px-1992_Fiat_Uno_IE_1.0_Front.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/1992_Fiat_Uno_IE_1.0_Front.jpg/330px-1992_Fiat_Uno_IE_1.0_Front.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/1992_Fiat_Uno_IE_1.0_Front.jpg/440px-1992_Fiat_Uno_IE_1.0_Front.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3779" data-file-height="1801" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Fiat_Uno" title="Fiat Uno">Fiat Uno</a> in 2018</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Customized_motorcycle_to_maximize_load_capacity.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Customized_motorcycle_to_maximize_load_capacity.jpg/220px-Customized_motorcycle_to_maximize_load_capacity.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Customized_motorcycle_to_maximize_load_capacity.jpg/330px-Customized_motorcycle_to_maximize_load_capacity.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Customized_motorcycle_to_maximize_load_capacity.jpg/440px-Customized_motorcycle_to_maximize_load_capacity.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2974" data-file-height="2457" /></a><figcaption>Customized motorcycle to maximize load capacity. Mobility is important for motorcycles, which are primarily used for transporting light cargo in urban areas.</figcaption></figure> <p>A vehicle is a non-living device that is used to move people and goods. Unlike the infrastructure, the vehicle moves along with the cargo and riders. Unless being pulled/pushed by a cable or muscle-power, the vehicle must provide its own propulsion; this is most commonly done through a <a href="/wiki/Steam_engine" title="Steam engine">steam engine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Internal_combustion_engine" title="Internal combustion engine">combustion engine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Electric_motor" title="Electric motor">electric motor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jet_engine" title="Jet engine">jet engine</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Rocket" title="Rocket">rocket</a>, though other means of propulsion also exist. Vehicles also need a system of converting the energy into movement; this is most commonly done through <a href="/wiki/Wheel" title="Wheel">wheels</a>, <a href="/wiki/Propeller" title="Propeller">propellers</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Pressure" title="Pressure">pressure</a>. </p><p>Vehicles are most commonly staffed by a <a href="/wiki/Driving" title="Driving">driver</a>. However, some systems, such as <a href="/wiki/People_mover" title="People mover">people movers</a> and some rapid transits, are fully <a href="/wiki/Automation" title="Automation">automated</a>. For <a href="/wiki/Passenger" title="Passenger">passenger</a> transport, the vehicle must have a compartment, seat, or platform for the passengers. Simple vehicles, such as automobiles, bicycles, or simple aircraft, may have one of the passengers as a driver. Recently, the progress related to the Fourth Industrial Revolution has brought a lot of new emerging technologies for transportation and automotive fields such as Connected Vehicles and Autonomous Driving. These innovations are said to form future mobility, but concerns remain on safety and cybersecurity, particularly concerning connected and autonomous mobility.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Operation">Operation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Operation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Incheon_International_Airport.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Tilted aerial view of modern airport. Aircraft are parked next to "arms" that extend from the central building" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/76/Incheon_International_Airport.jpg/220px-Incheon_International_Airport.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/76/Incheon_International_Airport.jpg/330px-Incheon_International_Airport.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/76/Incheon_International_Airport.jpg/440px-Incheon_International_Airport.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Incheon_International_Airport" title="Incheon International Airport">Incheon International Airport</a>, South Korea</figcaption></figure> <p>Private transport is only subject to the owner of the vehicle, who operates the vehicle themselves. For public transport and freight transport, operations are done through <a href="/wiki/Private_enterprise" class="mw-redirect" title="Private enterprise">private enterprise</a> or by <a href="/wiki/Government" title="Government">governments</a>. The infrastructure and vehicles may be owned and operated by the same company, or they may be operated by different entities. Traditionally, many countries have had a <a href="/wiki/Flag_carrier" title="Flag carrier">national airline</a> and <a href="/wiki/Railway_company" class="mw-redirect" title="Railway company">national railway</a>. Since the 1980s, many of these have been <a href="/wiki/Privatization" title="Privatization">privatized</a>. International shipping remains a highly competitive industry with little regulation,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStopford1997422_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStopford1997422-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but ports can be public-owned.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStopford199729_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStopford199729-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Policy">Policy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Policy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/List_of_ministries_of_transport_by_country" title="List of ministries of transport by country">List of ministries of transport by country</a> and <a href="/wiki/Traffic_management" title="Traffic management">Traffic management</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Missing_information plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/44px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="44" height="44" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/66px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/88px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>is missing information</b> about most of what constitutes official traffic management and planning, how it integrates with other fields of politics and how it is enforced.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please expand the section to include this information. Further details may exist on the <a href="/wiki/Talk:Transport" title="Talk:Transport">talk page</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">December 2021</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>As the <a href="/wiki/World_population" title="World population">population of the world</a> increases, <a href="/wiki/Urbanization" title="Urbanization">cities grow in size</a> and population—according to the United Nations, 55% of the world's population live in cities, and by 2050 this number is expected to rise to 68%.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Public_transport" title="Public transport">Public transport</a> policy must evolve to meet the changing priorities of the urban world.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The institution of policy enforces order in transport, which is by nature chaotic as people attempt to travel from one place to another as fast as possible. This policy helps to reduce accidents and save lives. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Functions">Functions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Functions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Relocation of travelers and cargo are the most common uses of transport. However, other uses exist, such as the strategic and tactical <a href="/wiki/Military_logistics" title="Military logistics">relocation</a> of <a href="/wiki/Armed_force" class="mw-redirect" title="Armed force">armed forces</a> during <a href="/wiki/Warfare" class="mw-redirect" title="Warfare">warfare</a>, or the civilian mobility construction or emergency equipment. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Passenger">Passenger<span class="anchor" id="Passenger"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Passenger"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Travel" title="Travel">Travel</a> and <a href="/wiki/Public_transit" class="mw-redirect" title="Public transit">Public transit</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ACTION_Bus-467.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Light green, orange, and white bus stopping in front of multi-story building." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/ACTION_Bus-467.jpg/220px-ACTION_Bus-467.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/ACTION_Bus-467.jpg/330px-ACTION_Bus-467.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/ACTION_Bus-467.jpg/440px-ACTION_Bus-467.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="659" /></a><figcaption>A local transit bus operated by <a href="/wiki/ACTION" title="ACTION">ACTION</a> in <a href="/wiki/Canberra" title="Canberra">Canberra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Passenger transport, or travel, is divided into <a href="/wiki/Public_transport" title="Public transport">public</a> and <a href="/wiki/Private_transport" title="Private transport">private transport</a>. Public transport is scheduled services on fixed routes, while private is vehicles that provide ad hoc services at the riders desire. The latter offers better flexibility, but has lower capacity and a higher environmental impact. Travel may be as part of daily <a href="/wiki/Commuting" title="Commuting">commuting</a> or for <a href="/wiki/Business_travel" title="Business travel">business</a>, leisure, or <a href="/wiki/Human_migration" title="Human migration">migration</a>. </p><p>Short-haul transport is dominated by the automobile and mass transit. The latter consists of <a href="/wiki/Bus" title="Bus">buses</a> in rural and small cities, supplemented with commuter rail, trams, and <a href="/wiki/Rapid_transit" title="Rapid transit">rapid transit</a> in larger cities. Long-haul transport involves the use of the automobile, trains, <a href="/wiki/Coach_(vehicle)" class="mw-redirect" title="Coach (vehicle)">coaches</a>, and aircraft, the last of which have become predominantly used for the longest, including intercontinental, travel. <a href="/wiki/Intermodal_passenger_transport" title="Intermodal passenger transport">Intermodal passenger transport</a> is where a journey is performed through the use of several modes of transport; since all human transport normally starts and ends with walking, all passenger transport can be considered intermodal. Public transport may also involve the intermediate change of vehicle, within or across modes, at a <a href="/wiki/Transport_hub" title="Transport hub">transport hub</a>, such as a <a href="/wiki/Bus_station" title="Bus station">bus</a> or <a href="/wiki/Railway_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Railway station">railway station</a>. </p><p>Taxis and buses can be found on both ends of the public transport spectrum. Buses are the cheapest mode of transport but are not necessarily flexible, and taxis are very flexible but more expensive. In the middle is <a href="/wiki/Demand-responsive_transport" title="Demand-responsive transport">demand-responsive transport</a>, offering flexibility whilst remaining affordable. </p><p><a href="/wiki/International_travel" class="mw-redirect" title="International travel">International travel</a> may be restricted for some individuals due to legislation and <a href="/wiki/Visa_(document)" class="mw-redirect" title="Visa (document)">visa</a> requirements. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Medical">Medical</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Medical"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:World_War_I_ambulance_Pittsburgh_20th_Century_Club.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/World_War_I_ambulance_Pittsburgh_20th_Century_Club.png/220px-World_War_I_ambulance_Pittsburgh_20th_Century_Club.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/World_War_I_ambulance_Pittsburgh_20th_Century_Club.png/330px-World_War_I_ambulance_Pittsburgh_20th_Century_Club.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/World_War_I_ambulance_Pittsburgh_20th_Century_Club.png/440px-World_War_I_ambulance_Pittsburgh_20th_Century_Club.png 2x" data-file-width="1190" data-file-height="838" /></a><figcaption>An ambulance from World War I</figcaption></figure><p>An ambulance is a vehicle used to transport people from or between places of treatment,<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in some instances will also provide out-of-hospital medical care to the patient. The word is often associated with road-going "emergency ambulances", which form part of <a href="/wiki/Emergency_medical_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Emergency medical service">emergency medical services</a>, administering <a href="/wiki/Emergency_medicine" title="Emergency medicine">emergency care</a> to those with acute medical problems. </p><p><i>Air medical services</i> is a comprehensive term covering the use of air transport to move patients to and from healthcare facilities and accident scenes. Personnel provide comprehensive prehospital and emergency and critical care to all types of patients during aeromedical evacuation or rescue operations, aboard helicopters, propeller aircraft, or jet aircraft.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid15928284_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid15928284-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid7832345_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid7832345-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Freight">Freight</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Freight"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Shipping" class="mw-redirect" title="Shipping">Shipping</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BW_Fjord_an_Glameyer_Stack_2007-12-15.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/BW_Fjord_an_Glameyer_Stack_2007-12-15.JPG/220px-BW_Fjord_an_Glameyer_Stack_2007-12-15.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/BW_Fjord_an_Glameyer_Stack_2007-12-15.JPG/330px-BW_Fjord_an_Glameyer_Stack_2007-12-15.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/BW_Fjord_an_Glameyer_Stack_2007-12-15.JPG/440px-BW_Fjord_an_Glameyer_Stack_2007-12-15.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Bulk_carrier" title="Bulk carrier">bulk carrier</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/BW_Group" title="BW Group">BW</a> Fjord</i></figcaption></figure> <p>Freight transport, or shipping, is a key in the <a href="/wiki/Value_chain" title="Value chain">value chain</a> in manufacturing.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChopraMeindl20073_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChopraMeindl20073-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With increased specialization and <a href="/wiki/Globalization" title="Globalization">globalization</a>, production is being located further away from consumption, rapidly increasing the demand for transport.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChopraMeindl200763–64_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChopraMeindl200763–64-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Transport creates place utility by moving the goods from the place of production to the place of consumption.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While all modes of transport are used for cargo transport, there is high differentiation between the nature of the cargo transport, in which mode is chosen.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChopraMeindl200754_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChopraMeindl200754-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Logistics" title="Logistics">Logistics</a> refers to the entire process of transferring products from producer to consumer, including storage, transport, transshipment, warehousing, material-handling, and packaging, with associated exchange of information.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBardiCoyleNovack20064_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBardiCoyleNovack20064-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Incoterm" class="mw-redirect" title="Incoterm">Incoterm</a> deals with the handling of payment and responsibility of <a href="/wiki/Risk" title="Risk">risk</a> during transport.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBardiCoyleNovack2006473_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBardiCoyleNovack2006473-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:WCML_freight_train.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/WCML_freight_train.jpg/220px-WCML_freight_train.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/WCML_freight_train.jpg/330px-WCML_freight_train.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/WCML_freight_train.jpg/440px-WCML_freight_train.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="774" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Freight_train" title="Freight train">Freight train</a> with <a href="/wiki/Shipping_container" title="Shipping container">shipping containers</a> in the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Containerization" title="Containerization">Containerization</a>, with the standardization of <a href="/wiki/ISO_container" class="mw-redirect" title="ISO container">ISO containers</a> on all vehicles and at all ports, has revolutionized <a href="/wiki/International_trade" title="International trade">international</a> and <a href="/wiki/Domestic_trade" class="mw-redirect" title="Domestic trade">domestic trade</a>, offering a huge reduction in <a href="/wiki/Transshipment" title="Transshipment">transshipment</a> costs. Traditionally, all cargo had to be manually loaded and unloaded into the haul of any ship or car; containerization allows for automated handling and transfer between modes, and the standardized sizes allow for gains in <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_scale" class="mw-redirect" title="Economy of scale">economy of scale</a> in vehicle operation. This has been one of the key driving factors in international trade and globalization since the 1950s.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBardiCoyleNovack2006211–214_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBardiCoyleNovack2006211–214-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Bulk_material_handling" title="Bulk material handling">Bulk transport</a> is common with cargo that can be handled roughly without deterioration; typical examples are <a href="/wiki/Ore" title="Ore">ore</a>, coal, <a href="/wiki/Cereals" class="mw-redirect" title="Cereals">cereals</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Petroleum" title="Petroleum">petroleum</a>. Because of the uniformity of the product, mechanical handling can allow enormous quantities to be handled quickly and efficiently. The low value of the cargo combined with high volume also means that <a href="/wiki/Economies_of_scale" title="Economies of scale">economies of scale</a> become essential in transport, and gigantic ships and whole trains are commonly used to transport bulk. Liquid products with sufficient volume may also be transported by pipeline. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Cargo_airline" title="Cargo airline">Air freight</a> has become more common for products of high value; while less than one percent of world transport by volume is by airline, it amounts to forty percent of the value. Time has become especially important in regards to principles such as <a href="/wiki/Postponement" title="Postponement">postponement</a> and <a href="/wiki/Just_in_time_(business)" class="mw-redirect" title="Just in time (business)">just-in-time</a> within the value chain, resulting in a high willingness to pay for quick delivery of key components or items of high value-to-weight ratio.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChopraMeindl2007328_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChopraMeindl2007328-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition to mail, common items sent by air include <a href="/wiki/Electronics" title="Electronics">electronics</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fashion" title="Fashion">fashion</a> clothing. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Industry">Industry</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Industry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Transport_industry" title="Transport industry">Transport industry</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Impact">Impact</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Impact"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Sustainable_transport" title="Sustainable transport">Sustainable transport</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Economic">Economic</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Economic"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Transport_economics" title="Transport economics">Transport economics</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Seattle_I-5_skyline_dllu.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Skyline of city at dusk. A major highway winds itself into the downtown area." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Seattle_I-5_skyline_dllu.jpg/220px-Seattle_I-5_skyline_dllu.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Seattle_I-5_skyline_dllu.jpg/330px-Seattle_I-5_skyline_dllu.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Seattle_I-5_skyline_dllu.jpg/440px-Seattle_I-5_skyline_dllu.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7834" data-file-height="5123" /></a><figcaption>Transport is a key component of growth and globalization, such as in <a href="/wiki/Seattle,_Washington" class="mw-redirect" title="Seattle, Washington">Seattle, Washington</a>, United States.</figcaption></figure> <p>Transport is a key necessity for <a href="/wiki/Departmentalization" title="Departmentalization">specialization</a>—allowing production and consumption of products to occur at different locations. Throughout history, transport has been a spur to expansion; better transport allows more <a href="/wiki/Trade" title="Trade">trade</a> and a greater spread of people. <a href="/wiki/Economic_growth" title="Economic growth">Economic growth</a> has always been dependent on increasing the capacity and rationality of transport.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEStopford19972_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEStopford19972-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> But the infrastructure and operation of transport have a great impact on the land, and transport is the largest drainer of energy, making <a href="/wiki/Transport_sustainability" class="mw-redirect" title="Transport sustainability">transport sustainability</a> a major issue. </p><p>Due to the way modern cities and communities are planned and operated, a physical distinction between home and work is usually created, forcing people to transport themselves to places of work, study, or leisure, as well as to temporarily relocate for other daily activities. Passenger transport is also the essence of <a href="/wiki/Tourism" title="Tourism">tourism</a>, a major part of <a href="/wiki/Recreation" title="Recreation">recreational</a> transport. Commerce requires the transport of people to conduct business, either to allow face-to-face communication for important decisions or to move specialists from their regular place of work to sites where they are needed. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Lean_thinking" title="Lean thinking">lean thinking</a>, transporting materials or <a href="/wiki/Work_in_process" title="Work in process">work in process</a> from one location to another is seen as one of the seven wastes (Japanese term: <i><a href="/wiki/Muda_(Japanese_term)" title="Muda (Japanese term)">muda</a></i>) which do not add value to a product.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Planning">Planning</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Planning"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Transport_planning" class="mw-redirect" title="Transport planning">Transport planning</a></div> <p>Transport planning allows for high use and less impact regarding new infrastructure. Using models of <a href="/wiki/Transport_forecasting" class="mw-redirect" title="Transport forecasting">transport forecasting</a>, planners are able to predict future transport patterns. On the operative level, logistics allows owners of cargo to plan transport as part of the <a href="/wiki/Supply_chain" title="Supply chain">supply chain</a>. Transport as a field is also studied through <a href="/wiki/Transport_economics" title="Transport economics">transport economics</a>, a component for the creation of regulation policy by authorities. <a href="/wiki/Transport_engineering" class="mw-redirect" title="Transport engineering">Transport engineering</a>, a sub-discipline of <a href="/wiki/Civil_engineering" title="Civil engineering">civil engineering</a>, must take into account <a href="/wiki/Trip_generation" title="Trip generation">trip generation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trip_distribution" title="Trip distribution">trip distribution</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mode_choice" title="Mode choice">mode choice</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Route_assignment" title="Route assignment">route assignment</a>, while the operative level is handled through <a href="/wiki/Traffic_engineering_(transportation)" title="Traffic engineering (transportation)">traffic engineering</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Old_Market_Roundabout,_Bristol.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Aerial view of roundabout, a junction of several streets. Vehicles traverse around the roundabout, which is surrounded by buildings, mostly multi-storey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Old_Market_Roundabout%2C_Bristol.jpg/220px-Old_Market_Roundabout%2C_Bristol.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Old_Market_Roundabout%2C_Bristol.jpg/330px-Old_Market_Roundabout%2C_Bristol.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Old_Market_Roundabout%2C_Bristol.jpg/440px-Old_Market_Roundabout%2C_Bristol.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1246" /></a><figcaption>The engineering of this <a href="/wiki/Roundabout" title="Roundabout">roundabout</a> in <a href="/wiki/Bristol" title="Bristol">Bristol</a>, United Kingdom, attempts to make traffic flow free-moving.</figcaption></figure> <p>Because of the negative impacts incurred, transport often becomes the subject of controversy related to choice of mode, as well as increased capacity. Automotive transport can be seen as a <a href="/wiki/Tragedy_of_the_commons" title="Tragedy of the commons">tragedy of the commons</a>, where the flexibility and comfort for the individual deteriorate the natural and urban environment for all. <a href="/wiki/Land_use" title="Land use">Density of development</a> depends on mode of transport, with public transport allowing for better spatial use. Good land use keeps common activities close to people's homes and places higher-density development closer to transport lines and hubs, to minimize the need for transport. There are <a href="/wiki/Economies_of_agglomeration" title="Economies of agglomeration">economies of agglomeration</a>. Beyond transport, some land uses are more efficient when clustered. Transport facilities consume land, and in cities pavement (devoted to streets and parking) can easily exceed 20 percent of the total land use. An efficient transport system can reduce land waste. </p><p>Too much infrastructure and too much smoothing for maximum vehicle throughput mean that in many cities there is too much traffic and many—if not all—of the negative impacts that come with it. It is only in recent years that traditional practices have started to be questioned in many places; as a result of new types of analysis which bring in a much broader range of skills than those traditionally relied on—spanning such areas as environmental impact analysis, public health, sociology, and economics—the viability of the old mobility solutions is increasingly being questioned. </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Environment">Environment</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Environment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="PieChartTemplate thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:202px"> <div class="mw-no-invert" style="background-color:white;margin:auto;position:relative;width:200px;height:200px;overflow:hidden;border-radius:100px;border:1px solid black;transform:scaleX(-1)rotate(-90deg)"> <div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:0; top:0; border-width:0 200px 200px 0; border-color:silver; z-index:-1"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 389.47428549299px; border-left-color:teal"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:teal"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:teal"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 72.654252800536px; border-left-color:navy"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:navy"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:navy"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:100px; border-width:99.802672842827px 6.2790519529313px 0 0; border-top-color:orange"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:orange"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:0; border-width:0 137.63819204712px 100px 0; border-right-color:red"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;right:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 100px 0;border-color:red"></div> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> <p>Global <a href="/wiki/Greenhouse_gas_emissions" title="Greenhouse gas emissions">greenhouse gas emissions</a> from transportation:<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:red; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Car#Environmental_effects" title="Car">Cars</a> (40%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:orange; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Truck#Environmental_effects" title="Truck">Trucks</a> (34%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:navy; color:white;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Environmental_effects_of_aviation" class="mw-redirect" title="Environmental effects of aviation">Planes</a> (11%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:teal; color:white;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Environmental_effects_of_shipping" class="mw-redirect" title="Environmental effects of shipping">Boats</a> (11%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:silver; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Train" title="Train">Trains</a> (4%)</div> </div> </div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Environmental_impact_of_transport" class="mw-redirect" title="Environmental impact of transport">Environmental impact of transport</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Traffic_jam_Sao_Paulo_09_2006_30.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Looking down a busy road, which is banked on both sides by tall buildings, some of which are covered in advertisement billboards" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Traffic_jam_Sao_Paulo_09_2006_30.JPG/220px-Traffic_jam_Sao_Paulo_09_2006_30.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Traffic_jam_Sao_Paulo_09_2006_30.JPG/330px-Traffic_jam_Sao_Paulo_09_2006_30.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Traffic_jam_Sao_Paulo_09_2006_30.JPG/440px-Traffic_jam_Sao_Paulo_09_2006_30.JPG 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Traffic_congestion" title="Traffic congestion">Traffic congestion</a> persists in <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Paulo" title="São Paulo">São Paulo</a>, Brazil, despite the no-drive days based on license numbers.</figcaption></figure> <p>Transport is a major use of <a href="/wiki/Energy_(society)" class="mw-redirect" title="Energy (society)">energy</a> and burns most of the world's <a href="/wiki/Petroleum" title="Petroleum">petroleum</a>. This creates air pollution, including <a href="/wiki/Nitrous_oxide" title="Nitrous oxide">nitrous oxides</a> and <a href="/wiki/Particulate" class="mw-redirect" title="Particulate">particulates</a>, and is a significant contributor to <a href="/wiki/Global_warming" class="mw-redirect" title="Global warming">global warming</a> through emission of <a href="/wiki/Carbon_dioxide" title="Carbon dioxide">carbon dioxide</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-pnas_pdf_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pnas_pdf-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> for which transport is the fastest-growing emission sector.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By sub-sector, road transport is the largest contributor to global warming.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Environmental_regulation" class="mw-redirect" title="Environmental regulation">Environmental regulations</a> in developed countries have reduced individual vehicles' emissions; however, this has been offset by increases in the numbers of vehicles and in the use of each vehicle.<sup id="cite_ref-pnas_pdf_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pnas_pdf-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some pathways to reduce the carbon emissions of road vehicles considerably have been studied.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Energy use and emissions vary largely between modes, causing <a href="/wiki/Environmentalism" title="Environmentalism">environmentalists</a> to call for a transition from air and road to rail and human-powered transport, as well as increased <a href="/wiki/Transport_electrification" class="mw-redirect" title="Transport electrification">transport electrification</a> and <a href="/wiki/Efficient_energy_use" title="Efficient energy use">energy efficiency</a>. </p><p>Other environmental impacts of transport systems include <a href="/wiki/Traffic_congestion" title="Traffic congestion">traffic congestion</a> and automobile-oriented <a href="/wiki/Urban_sprawl" title="Urban sprawl">urban sprawl</a>, which can consume natural habitat and agricultural lands. By reducing transport emissions globally, it is predicted that there will be significant positive effects on Earth's <a href="/wiki/Air_quality" class="mw-redirect" title="Air quality">air quality</a>, <a href="/wiki/Acid_rain" title="Acid rain">acid rain</a>, <a href="/wiki/Smog" title="Smog">smog</a>, and climate change.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While <a href="/wiki/Electric_car" title="Electric car">electric cars</a> are being built to cut down <a href="/wiki/CO2_emission" class="mw-redirect" title="CO2 emission">CO<sub>2</sub> emission</a> at the point of use, an approach that is becoming popular among cities worldwide is to prioritize public transport, bicycles, and <a href="/wiki/Pedestrian" title="Pedestrian">pedestrian movement</a>. Redirecting vehicle movement to create 20-minute neighbourhoods<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> that promotes <a href="/wiki/Exercise" title="Exercise">exercise</a> while greatly reducing vehicle dependency and pollution. Some policies are levying a congestion charge<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to cars for travelling within congested areas during peak time. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Airplane" title="Airplane">Airplane</a> emissions change depending on the flight distance. It takes a lot of energy to take off and land, so longer flights are more efficient per mile traveled. However, longer flights naturally use more fuel in total. Short flights produce the most CO<sub style="font-size: 80%;vertical-align: -0.35em">2</sub> per passenger mile, while long flights produce slightly less.<sup id="cite_ref-carbonfund.org3_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-carbonfund.org3-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Things get worse when planes fly high in the <a href="/wiki/Atmosphere" title="Atmosphere">atmosphere</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Their emissions trap much more heat than those released at ground level. This isn't just because of CO<sub style="font-size: 80%;vertical-align: -0.35em">2</sub>, but a mix of other greenhouse gases in the exhaust.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> City buses produce about 0.3 kg of CO<sub style="font-size: 80%;vertical-align: -0.35em">2</sub> for every mile traveled per passenger. For long-distance bus trips (over 20 miles), that pollution drops to about 0.08 kg of CO<sub style="font-size: 80%;vertical-align: -0.35em">2</sub> per passenger mile.<sup id="cite_ref-docs.wri.org2_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-docs.wri.org2-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-carbonfund.org3_43-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-carbonfund.org3-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On average, commuter trains produce around 0.17 kg of CO<sub style="font-size: 80%;vertical-align: -0.35em">2</sub> for each mile traveled per passenger. Long-distance trains are slightly higher at about 0.19 kg of CO<sub style="font-size: 80%;vertical-align: -0.35em">2</sub> per passenger mile.<sup id="cite_ref-docs.wri.org2_49-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-docs.wri.org2-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-carbonfund.org3_43-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-carbonfund.org3-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The fleet emission average for delivery vans, trucks and big rigs is 10.17 kg (22.4 lb) CO<sub style="font-size: 80%;vertical-align: -0.35em">2</sub> per gallon of diesel consumed. Delivery vans and trucks average about 7.8 mpg (or 1.3 kg of CO<sub style="font-size: 80%;vertical-align: -0.35em">2</sub> per mile) while big rigs average about 5.3 mpg (or 1.92 kg of CO<sub style="font-size: 80%;vertical-align: -0.35em">2</sub> per mile).<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sustainable_development">Sustainable development</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Sustainable development"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The United Nations first formally recognized the role of transport in <a href="/wiki/Sustainable_development" title="Sustainable development">sustainable development</a> in the 1992 <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Earth_Summit_2012" class="mw-redirect" title="United Nations Earth Summit 2012">United Nations Earth summit</a>. In the 2012 United Nations World Conference, global leaders unanimously recognized that transport and mobility are central to achieving the sustainability targets. In recent years, data has been collected to show that the transport sector contributes to a quarter of the global <a href="/wiki/Greenhouse_gas" title="Greenhouse gas">greenhouse gas emissions</a>, and therefore <a href="/wiki/Sustainable_transport" title="Sustainable transport">sustainable transport</a> has been mainstreamed across several of the <a href="/wiki/Sustainable_Development_Goals" title="Sustainable Development Goals">2030 Sustainable Development Goals</a>, especially those related to food, security, health, energy, economic growth, infrastructure, and cities and human settlements. Meeting sustainable transport targets is said to be particularly important to achieving the <a href="/wiki/Paris_Agreement" title="Paris Agreement">Paris Agreement</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There are various <a href="/wiki/Sustainable_Development_Goals" title="Sustainable Development Goals">Sustainable Development Goals</a> (SDGs) that are promoting sustainable transport to meet the defined goals. These include <a href="/wiki/Sustainable_Development_Goal_3" title="Sustainable Development Goal 3">SDG 3</a> on health (increased road safety), <a href="/wiki/Sustainable_Development_Goal_7" title="Sustainable Development Goal 7">SDG 7</a> on energy, <a href="/wiki/Sustainable_Development_Goal_8" title="Sustainable Development Goal 8">SDG 8</a> on decent work and economic growth, <a href="/wiki/Sustainable_Development_Goal_9" title="Sustainable Development Goal 9">SDG 9</a> on resilient infrastructure, <a href="/wiki/Sustainable_Development_Goal_11" title="Sustainable Development Goal 11">SDG 11</a> on sustainable cities (access to transport and expanded public transport), <a href="/wiki/Sustainable_Development_Goal_12" title="Sustainable Development Goal 12">SDG 12</a> on sustainable consumption and production (ending <a href="/wiki/Fossil_fuel_subsidies" title="Fossil fuel subsidies">fossil fuel subsidies</a>), and SDG 14 on oceans, seas, and marine resources.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_transport" title="History of transport">History of transport</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_transportation_technology" title="Timeline of transportation technology">Timeline of transportation technology</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bronocice_drawn.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Bronocice_drawn.png/220px-Bronocice_drawn.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Bronocice_drawn.png/330px-Bronocice_drawn.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Bronocice_drawn.png/440px-Bronocice_drawn.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Bronocice_pot" title="Bronocice pot">Bronocice pot</a> with the earliest known image of a wheeled vehicle in the world, found in <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bullock_team.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Bullock_team.jpg/220px-Bullock_team.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Bullock_team.jpg/330px-Bullock_team.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Bullock_team.jpg/440px-Bullock_team.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1300" data-file-height="896" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Cattle" title="Cattle">bullock</a> team hauling <a href="/wiki/Wool" title="Wool">wool</a> in <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Natural">Natural</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Natural"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Humans' first ways to move included walking, running, and swimming. The <a href="/wiki/Domestication" title="Domestication">domestication</a> of animals introduced a new way to lay the burden of transport on more powerful creatures, allowing the hauling of heavier loads, or humans riding animals for greater speed and duration. Inventions such as the wheel and the sled (U.K. sledge) helped make animal transport more efficient through the introduction of <a href="/wiki/Vehicle" title="Vehicle">vehicles</a>. </p><p>The first forms of <a href="/wiki/Road_transport" title="Road transport">road transport</a> involved animals, such as <a href="/wiki/Horse" title="Horse">horses</a> (<a href="/wiki/Domestication_of_the_horse" title="Domestication of the horse">domesticated</a> in the 4th or the 3rd millennium BCE), <a href="/wiki/Ox" title="Ox">oxen</a> (from about 8000 BCE),<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or humans carrying goods over <a href="/wiki/Dirt" title="Dirt">dirt</a> tracks that often followed <a href="/wiki/Game_(food)" class="mw-redirect" title="Game (food)">game</a> <a href="/wiki/Trail" title="Trail">trails</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Water_transport">Water transport</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Water transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Water transport, including rowed and sailed vessels, dates back to <a href="/wiki/Time_immemorial" title="Time immemorial">time immemorial</a> and was the only efficient way to transport large quantities or over large distances prior to the <a href="/wiki/Industrial_Revolution" title="Industrial Revolution">Industrial Revolution</a>. The first watercraft were <a href="/wiki/Canoe" title="Canoe">canoes</a> cut out from <a href="/wiki/Tree_trunk" class="mw-redirect" title="Tree trunk">tree trunks</a>. Early water transport was accomplished with ships that were either rowed or used the <a href="/wiki/Wind" title="Wind">wind</a> for propulsion, or a combination of the two. The importance of water has led to most cities that grew up as sites for trading being located on rivers or on the sea-shore, often at the intersection of two bodies of water. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mechanical">Mechanical</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Mechanical"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Until the Industrial Revolution, transport remained slow and costly, and production and consumption gravitated as close to each other as feasible.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The <a href="/wiki/Industrial_Revolution" title="Industrial Revolution">Industrial Revolution</a> in the 19th century saw several inventions fundamentally change transport. With <a href="/wiki/Telegraphy" title="Telegraphy">telegraphy</a>, communication became instant and independent of the transport of physical objects. The invention of the <a href="/wiki/Steam_engine" title="Steam engine">steam engine</a>, closely followed by its application in <a href="/wiki/Rail_transport" title="Rail transport">rail transport</a>, made land transport independent of human or animal muscles. Both speed and capacity increased, allowing specialization through manufacturing being located independently of natural resources. The 19th century also saw the development of the <a href="/wiki/Steam_ship" class="mw-redirect" title="Steam ship">steam ship</a>, which sped up global transport. </p><p>With the development of the <a href="/wiki/Internal_combustion_engine" title="Internal combustion engine">combustion engine</a> and the automobile around 1900, road transport became more competitive again, and mechanical private transport originated. The first "modern" highways were constructed during the 19th century<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> with <a href="/wiki/Macadam" title="Macadam">macadam</a>. Later, <a href="/wiki/Tarmacadam" title="Tarmacadam">tarmac</a> and <a href="/wiki/Concrete" title="Concrete">concrete</a> became the dominant paving materials. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:First_flight2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/First_flight2.jpg/220px-First_flight2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/First_flight2.jpg/330px-First_flight2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/First_flight2.jpg/440px-First_flight2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6603" data-file-height="4280" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Wright_brothers" title="Wright brothers">Wright brothers</a>' first flight in 1903</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1903 the <a href="/wiki/Wright_brothers" title="Wright brothers">Wright brothers</a> demonstrated the first successful controllable <a href="/wiki/Airplane" title="Airplane">airplane</a>, and after World War I (1914–1918) aircraft became a fast way to transport people and express goods over long distances.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBardiCoyleNovack2006158_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBardiCoyleNovack2006158-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After World War II (1939–1945) the automobile and airlines took higher shares of transport, reducing rail and water to freight and short-haul passenger services.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECooperShepherd1998277_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECooperShepherd1998277-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scientific spaceflight began in the 1950s, with rapid growth until the 1970s, when interest dwindled. In the 1950s the introduction of <a href="/wiki/Containerization" title="Containerization">containerization</a> gave massive efficiency gains in freight transport, fostering <a href="/wiki/Globalization" title="Globalization">globalization</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBardiCoyleNovack2006211–214_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBardiCoyleNovack2006211–214-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> International air travel became much more accessible in the 1960s with the commercialization of the <a href="/wiki/Jet_engine" title="Jet engine">jet engine</a>. Along with the growth in automobiles and motorways, rail and water transport declined in relative importance. After the introduction of the <a href="/wiki/Shinkansen" title="Shinkansen">Shinkansen</a> in Japan in 1964, high-speed rail in Asia and Europe started attracting passengers on long-haul routes away from the airlines.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECooperShepherd1998277_57-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECooperShepherd1998277-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Early in <a href="/wiki/U.S._history" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. history">U.S. history</a>,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The time period mentioned near this tag is ambiguous. (February 2016)">when?</span></a></i>]</sup> <a href="/wiki/Privately_held_company" title="Privately held company">private</a> <a href="/wiki/Joint-stock" class="mw-redirect" title="Joint-stock">joint-stock</a> <a href="/wiki/Corporations" class="mw-redirect" title="Corporations">corporations</a> owned most <a href="/wiki/Navigable_aqueduct" title="Navigable aqueduct">aqueducts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bridge" title="Bridge">bridges</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canals" class="mw-redirect" title="Canals">canals</a>, <a href="/wiki/Railroads" class="mw-redirect" title="Railroads">railroads</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roads" class="mw-redirect" title="Roads">roads</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Tunnels" class="mw-redirect" title="Tunnels">tunnels</a>. Most such transport infrastructure came under government control in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, culminating in the <a href="/wiki/Nationalization" title="Nationalization">nationalization</a> of inter-city passenger rail-service with the establishment of <a href="/wiki/Amtrak" title="Amtrak">Amtrak</a>. Recently,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The time period mentioned near this tag is ambiguous. (February 2016)">when?</span></a></i>]</sup> however, a movement to privatize roads and other infrastructure has gained some<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="This term requires quantification. (February 2016)">quantify</span></a></i>]</sup> ground and adherents.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nuvola_apps_ksysv_square.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Nuvola_apps_ksysv_square.svg/28px-Nuvola_apps_ksysv_square.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Nuvola_apps_ksysv_square.svg/42px-Nuvola_apps_ksysv_square.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Nuvola_apps_ksysv_square.svg/56px-Nuvola_apps_ksysv_square.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Transport" title="Portal:Transport">Transport portal</a></span></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Energy_efficiency_in_transport" title="Energy efficiency in transport">Energy efficiency in transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_impact_of_aviation" title="Environmental impact of aviation">Environmental impact of aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_public_transport" title="Free public transport">Free public transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_transport_hierarchy" title="Green transport hierarchy">Green transport hierarchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IEEE_Intelligent_Transportation_Systems_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Society">IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Society</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Journal_of_Transport_and_Land_Use" title="Journal of Transport and Land Use">Journal of Transport and Land Use</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_emerging_technologies#Transport" title="List of emerging technologies">List of emerging transportation technologies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_transport" title="Outline of transport">Outline of transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personal_rapid_transit" title="Personal rapid transit">Personal rapid transit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_transport" title="Public transport">Public transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_transport_accessibility_level" title="Public transport accessibility level">Public transport accessibility level</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_by_country" title="Rail transport by country">Rail transport by country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speed_record" title="Speed record">Speed record</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxicabs_by_country" class="mw-redirect" title="Taxicabs by country">Taxicabs by country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_divide" title="Transport divide">Transport divide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_engineering" title="Transportation engineering">Transportation engineering</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFCrawford2021" class="citation web cs1">Crawford, Amy (2021-10-25). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2021/oct/25/could-flying-electric-air-taxis-help-fix-urban-transportation">"Could flying electric 'air taxis' help fix urban transportation?"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211119165753/https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2021/oct/25/could-flying-electric-air-taxis-help-fix-urban-transportation">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-11-19<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://docs.wri.org/wri_co2comm_2002_commuting_protected.xls">the original</a> on 2016-01-12<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-09-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Sustainable+Development+Knowledge+Platform&rft.atitle=Sustainable+transport&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsustainabledevelopment.un.org%2Ftopics%2Fsustainabletransport&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATransport" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/index.php?page=view&type=20000&nr=802&menu=2993">"Sustainable transport at the heart of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)"</a>. <i>Sustainable Development Knowledge Platform</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201015052731/https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/index.php?page=view&type=20000&nr=802&menu=2993">Archived</a> from the original on 2020-10-15<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Princes Risborough, Buckinghamshire: Osprey Publishing. p. 4. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0747804154" title="Special:BookSources/978-0747804154"><bdi>978-0747804154</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-02-08</span></span>. <q>[...] tamed aurochs became the first domestic oxen. The earliest evidence for domestication is found in the Middle East around ten thousand years ago.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Working+Oxen&rft.place=Princes+Risborough%2C+Buckinghamshire&rft.series=Shire+Album&rft.pages=4&rft.pub=Osprey+Publishing&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0747804154&rft.aulast=Watts&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Du86yjr-J-hAC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATransport" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBardiCoyleNovack2006158-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBardiCoyleNovack2006158_56-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBardiCoyleNovack2006">Bardi, Coyle & Novack 2006</a>, p. 158.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECooperShepherd1998277-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECooperShepherd1998277_57-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECooperShepherd1998277_57-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCooperShepherd1998">Cooper & Shepherd 1998</a>, p. 277.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWinston2010" class="citation book cs1">Winston, Clifford (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/title/635492422"><i>Last exit: privatization and deregulation of the U.S. transportation system</i></a>. Washington, D.C.: Brookings Institution Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8157-0473-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8157-0473-7"><bdi>978-0-8157-0473-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/635492422">635492422</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Last+exit%3A+privatization+and+deregulation+of+the+U.S.+transportation+system&rft.place=Washington%2C+D.C.&rft.pub=Brookings+Institution+Press&rft.date=2010&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F635492422&rft.isbn=978-0-8157-0473-7&rft.aulast=Winston&rft.aufirst=Clifford&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Ftitle%2F635492422&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATransport" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBardiCoyleNovack2006" class="citation book cs1">Bardi, Edward; Coyle, John & Novack, Robert (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/62259402"><i>Management of Transportation</i></a>. Australia: Thomson South-Western. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-324-31443-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-324-31443-4"><bdi>0-324-31443-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/62259402">62259402</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Management+of+Transportation&rft.place=Australia&rft.pub=Thomson+South-Western&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F62259402&rft.isbn=0-324-31443-4&rft.aulast=Bardi&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft.au=Coyle%2C+John&rft.au=Novack%2C+Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F62259402&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATransport" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChopraMeindl2007" class="citation book cs1">Chopra, Sunil & Meindl, Peter (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/63808135"><i>Supply chain management : strategy, planning, and operation</i></a> (3rd ed.). Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Pearson. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-13-208608-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-13-208608-0"><bdi>978-0-13-208608-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/63808135">63808135</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Supply+chain+management+%3A+strategy%2C+planning%2C+and+operation&rft.place=Upper+Saddle+River%2C+N.J.&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Pearson&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F63808135&rft.isbn=978-0-13-208608-0&rft.aulast=Chopra&rft.aufirst=Sunil&rft.au=Meindl%2C+Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F63808135&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATransport" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCooperShepherd1998" class="citation book cs1">Cooper, Christopher P.; Shepherd, Rebecca (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jzpnQgAACAAJ"><i>Tourism: Principles and Practice</i></a> (2nd ed.). Harlow, England: Financial Times Prent. Int. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-582-31273-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-582-31273-9"><bdi>978-0-582-31273-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/39945061">39945061</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 December</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tourism%3A+Principles+and+Practice&rft.place=Harlow%2C+England&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Financial+Times+Prent.+Int&rft.date=1998&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F39945061&rft.isbn=978-0-582-31273-9&rft.aulast=Cooper&rft.aufirst=Christopher+P.&rft.au=Shepherd%2C+Rebecca&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DjzpnQgAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATransport" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLay1992" class="citation book cs1">Lay, Maxwell G (1992). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/waysofworldhisto00laym"><i>Ways of the World: A History of the World's Roads and of the Vehicles that Used Them</i></a></span>. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8135-2691-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-8135-2691-4"><bdi>0-8135-2691-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/804297312">804297312</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ways+of+the+World%3A+A+History+of+the+World%27s+Roads+and+of+the+Vehicles+that+Used+Them&rft.place=New+Brunswick%2C+N.J.&rft.pub=Rutgers+University+Press&rft.date=1992&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F804297312&rft.isbn=0-8135-2691-4&rft.aulast=Lay&rft.aufirst=Maxwell+G&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwaysofworldhisto00laym&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATransport" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStopford1997" class="citation book cs1">Stopford, Martin (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/36824728"><i>Maritime Economics</i></a> (2nd ed.). London: Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-415-15310-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-415-15310-7"><bdi>0-415-15310-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/36824728">36824728</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Maritime+Economics&rft.place=London&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=1997&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F36824728&rft.isbn=0-415-15310-7&rft.aulast=Stopford&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F36824728&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATransport" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bill_McKibben" title="Bill McKibben">McKibben, Bill</a>, "Toward a Land of Buses and Bikes" (review of Ben Goldfarb, <i>Crossings: How Road Ecology Is Shaping the Future of Our Planet</i>, Norton, 2023, 370 pp.; and Henry Grabar, <i>Paved Paradise: How Parking Explains the World</i>, Penguin Press, 2023, 346 pp.), <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Review_of_Books" title="The New York Review of Books">The New York Review of Books</a></i>, vol. LXX, no. 15 (5 October 2023), pp. 30–32. "Someday in the not impossibly distant future, if we manage to prevent a <a href="/wiki/Global_warming" class="mw-redirect" title="Global warming">global warming</a> catastrophe, you could imagine a post-<a href="/wiki/Automobile" class="mw-redirect" title="Automobile">auto</a> world where <a href="/wiki/Bicycle" title="Bicycle">bikes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bus" title="Bus">buses</a> and <a href="/wiki/Train" title="Train">trains</a> are ever more important, as seems to be happening in <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> at the moment." (p. 32.)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transport&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output 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href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/transportation" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:transportation">transportation</a></b></i> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <i><b><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Transport" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Transport">Transport</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/80px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikivoyage has travel related information for <i><b><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Transportation#Q7590" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Transportation">Transportation</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303212816/http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/govpubs/us/trnsprt.htm">Transportation</a> from <i>UCB Libraries GovPubs</i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanhistory.si.edu/onthemove/">America On the Move</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110805005405/http://americanhistory.si.edu/onthemove/">Archived</a> 2011-08-05 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> An online transportation exhibition from the National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Public_transport" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Public_transport" title="Template:Public transport"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Public_transport" title="Template talk:Public transport"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Public_transport" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Public transport"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Public_transport" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Public_transport" title="Public transport">Public transport</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Public_transport_bus_service" title="Public transport bus service">Bus service</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bus" title="Bus">Bus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bus_driver" title="Bus driver">driver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_buses" title="List of buses">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bus_rapid_transit" title="Bus rapid transit">Bus rapid transit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Express_bus_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Express bus service">Express bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guided_bus" title="Guided bus">Guided bus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Rail_Rapid_Transit" title="Autonomous Rail Rapid Transit">Autonomous Rail Rapid Transit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intercity_bus_service" title="Intercity bus service">Intercity bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_top_bus" title="Open top bus">Open top bus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charabanc" title="Charabanc">Charabanc</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_light_bus" title="Public light bus">Public light bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_replacement_bus_service" title="Rail replacement bus service">Rail replacement bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Share_taxi" title="Share taxi">Share taxi/Taxibus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marshrutka" title="Marshrutka">Marshrutka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pesero" title="Pesero">Pesero</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shuttle_bus_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Shuttle bus service">Shuttle bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transit_bus" title="Transit bus">Transit bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trolleybus" title="Trolleybus">Trolleybus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport" title="Rail transport">Rail</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Passenger_rail_terminology" title="Passenger rail terminology">Passenger rail terminology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_rail_transport_terms" title="Glossary of rail transport terms">glossary</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airport_rail_link" title="Airport rail link">Airport rail link</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commuter_rail" title="Commuter rail">Commuter rail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elevated_railway" title="Elevated railway">Elevated railway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Funicular" title="Funicular">Funicular</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heritage_railway" title="Heritage railway">Heritage railway</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heritage_streetcar" title="Heritage streetcar">Heritage streetcar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-speed_rail" title="High-speed rail">High-speed rail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Higher-speed_rail" title="Higher-speed rail">Higher-speed rail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inter-city_rail" title="Inter-city rail">Inter-city rail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interurban" title="Interurban">Interurban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maglev" title="Maglev">Maglev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monorail" title="Monorail">Monorail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narrow-gauge_railway" title="Narrow-gauge railway">Narrow-gauge railway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People_mover" title="People mover">People mover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Railbus" title="Railbus">Railbus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rapid_transit" title="Rapid transit">Metro/Rapid Transit</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Medium-capacity_rail_system" title="Medium-capacity rail system">Medium-capacity rail system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rubber-tyred_metro" title="Rubber-tyred metro">Rubber-tyred metro</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_rail" title="Regional rail">Regional rail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Street_running_train" title="Street running train">Street running</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suspension_railway" title="Suspension railway">Suspension railway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tram" title="Tram">Tram</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cable_car_(railway)" title="Cable car (railway)">Cable car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horsecar" title="Horsecar">Horsecar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Light_rail" title="Light rail">Light rail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tram-train" title="Tram-train">Tram-train</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Vehicle_for_hire" title="Vehicle for hire">Vehicles<br /> for hire</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Auto_rickshaw" title="Auto rickshaw">Auto rickshaw taxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boda_boda" title="Boda boda">Boda boda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combination_bus" title="Combination bus">Combination bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycle_rickshaw" title="Cycle rickshaw">Cycle rickshaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demand-responsive_transport" title="Demand-responsive transport">Demand-responsive transport</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Microtransit" title="Microtransit">Microtransit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paratransit" title="Paratransit">Paratransit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dollar_van" class="mw-redirect" title="Dollar van">Dollar van</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolmu%C5%9F" title="Dolmuş">Dolmuş</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hackney_carriage" title="Hackney carriage">Hackney carriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeepney" title="Jeepney">Jeepney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limousine" title="Limousine">Limousine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motorcycle_taxi" title="Motorcycle taxi">Motorcycle taxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marshrutka" title="Marshrutka">Marshrutka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanny_van" title="Nanny van">Nanny van</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personal_rapid_transit" title="Personal rapid transit">Personal rapid transit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pesero" title="Pesero">Pesero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_light_bus" title="Public light bus">Public light bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulled_rickshaw" title="Pulled rickshaw">Pulled rickshaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Share_taxi" title="Share taxi">Share taxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Songthaew" title="Songthaew">Songthaew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxi" title="Taxi">Taxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auto_rickshaw" title="Auto rickshaw">Tuk tuk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Carpool" title="Carpool">Carpooling</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Car_jockey" title="Car jockey">Car jockey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flexible_carpooling" class="mw-redirect" title="Flexible carpooling">Flexible carpooling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ridesharing_company" title="Ridesharing company">Real-time ridesharing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slugging" title="Slugging">Slugging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanpool" title="Vanpool">Vanpool</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Maritime_transport" title="Maritime transport">Ship</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cable_ferry" title="Cable ferry">Cable ferry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferry" title="Ferry">Ferry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gondola" title="Gondola">Gondola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hovercraft" title="Hovercraft">Hovercraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydrofoil" title="Hydrofoil">Hydrofoil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ocean_liner" title="Ocean liner">Ocean liner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaporetto" title="Vaporetto">Vaporetto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_taxi" title="Water taxi">Water taxi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cable_transport" title="Cable transport">Cable</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aerial_tramway" title="Aerial tramway">Aerial tramway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cable_ferry" title="Cable ferry">Cable ferry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cable_railway" title="Cable railway">Cable railway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elevator" title="Elevator">Elevator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Funicular" title="Funicular">Funicular</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gondola_lift" title="Gondola lift">Gondola lift</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bicable_gondola_lift" class="mw-redirect" title="Bicable gondola lift">bicable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tricable_gondola_lift" title="Tricable gondola lift">tricable</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inclined_elevator" title="Inclined elevator">Inclined elevator</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other<br />transport</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Airline" title="Airline">Airline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airliner" title="Airliner">Airliner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carsharing" title="Carsharing">Carsharing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle-sharing_system" title="Bicycle-sharing system">Bicycle-sharing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scooter-sharing_system" title="Scooter-sharing system">Scooter-sharing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elevator" title="Elevator">Elevator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Escalator" title="Escalator">Escalator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horse-drawn_vehicle" title="Horse-drawn vehicle">Horse-drawn vehicle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperloop" title="Hyperloop">Hyperloop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inclined_elevator" title="Inclined elevator">Inclined elevator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moving_walkway" title="Moving walkway">Moving walkway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personal_transporter" title="Personal transporter">Personal transporter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robotaxi" title="Robotaxi">Robotaxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shweeb" title="Shweeb">Shweeb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slope_car" title="Slope car">Slope car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trackless_train" title="Trackless train">Trackless train</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vactrain" title="Vactrain">Vactrain</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Locations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Airport" title="Airport">Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bus_bulb" title="Bus bulb">Bus bulb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bus_garage" title="Bus garage">Bus garage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bus_lane" title="Bus lane">Bus lane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bus_stand" title="Bus stand">Bus stand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bus_station" title="Bus station">Bus station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bus_stop" title="Bus stop">Bus stop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bus_turnout" title="Bus turnout">Bus turnout (bus bay)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dry_dock" title="Dry dock">Dry dock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passenger_terminal_(maritime)" class="mw-redirect" title="Passenger terminal (maritime)">Ferry terminal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hangar" title="Hangar">Hangar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harbor" title="Harbor">Harbor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interchange_station" title="Interchange station">Interchange station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kassel_kerb" title="Kassel kerb">Kassel kerb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Layover" title="Layover">Layover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metro_station" title="Metro station">Metro station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_and_ride" title="Park and ride">Park and ride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port" title="Port">Port</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queue_jump" title="Queue jump">Queue jump</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxi_stand" title="Taxi stand">Taxicab stand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Train_station" title="Train station">Train station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tram_stop" title="Tram stop">Tram stop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transit_mall" title="Transit mall">Transit mall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_hub" title="Transport hub">Transport hub</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ticket_(admission)" title="Ticket (admission)">Ticketing</a><br />and <a href="/wiki/Fare" title="Fare">fares</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Automated_fare_collection" title="Automated fare collection">Automated fare collection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bus_advertising" title="Bus advertising">Bus advertising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contract_of_carriage" title="Contract of carriage">Contract of carriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dead_mileage" title="Dead mileage">Dead mileage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exit_fare" title="Exit fare">Exit fare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fare_avoidance" title="Fare avoidance">Fare avoidance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fare_capping" title="Fare capping">Fare capping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fare_evasion" title="Fare evasion">Fare evasion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_public_transport" title="Free public transport">Free public transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_travel_pass" title="Free travel pass">Free travel pass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Integrated_ticketing" title="Integrated ticketing">Integrated ticketing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manual_fare_collection" title="Manual fare collection">Manual fare collection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Money_train" title="Money train">Money train</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paid_area" title="Paid area">Paid area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penalty_fare" title="Penalty fare">Penalty fare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proof-of-payment" title="Proof-of-payment">Proof-of-payment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reduced_fare_program" title="Reduced fare program">Reduced fare program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transfer_(public_transit)" title="Transfer (public transit)">Transfer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transit_pass" title="Transit pass">Transit pass</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Routing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Circle_route" title="Circle route">Circle route</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross-city_route" title="Cross-city route">Cross-city route</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Network_length_(transport)" title="Network length (transport)">Network length</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-revenue_track" title="Non-revenue track">Non-revenue track</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radial_route" title="Radial route">Radial route</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_network_analysis" title="Transport network analysis">Transport network</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Facilities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Checked_baggage" title="Checked baggage">Checked baggage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_first_class_commuter_transport_services" class="mw-redirect" title="List of first class commuter transport services">First class</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sleeping_car" title="Sleeping car">Sleeper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standing_passenger" title="Standing passenger">Standing passenger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travel_class" title="Travel class">Travel class</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Scheduling</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bus_bunching" title="Bus bunching">Bus bunching</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clock-face_scheduling" title="Clock-face scheduling">Clock-face scheduling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Headway" title="Headway">Headway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Night_service_(public_transport)" title="Night service (public transport)">Night (owl) service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/On-time_performance" title="On-time performance">On-time performance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_transport_timetable" title="Public transport timetable">Public transport timetable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Short_turn" title="Short turn">Short turn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Politics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Airport_security" title="Airport security">Airport security</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Complete_streets" title="Complete streets">Complete streets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_transport_hierarchy" title="Green transport hierarchy">Green transport hierarchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farebox_recovery_ratio" title="Farebox recovery ratio">Farebox recovery ratio</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rail_subsidies" title="Rail subsidies">Rail subsidies</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_transport_security" title="Public transport security">Security</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Street_hierarchy" title="Street hierarchy">Street hierarchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transit_district" title="Transit district">Transit district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transit_police" title="Transit police">Transit police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_authority" title="Transportation authority">Transportation authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_demand_management" title="Transportation demand management">Transportation demand management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_planning" title="Transportation planning">Transportation planning</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Transit-oriented_development" title="Transit-oriented development">Transit-oriented development (TOD)</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Technology<br /> and signage</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Destination_sign" title="Destination sign">Destination sign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passenger_information_system" title="Passenger information system">Passenger information system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Platform_display" title="Platform display">Platform display</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Platform_screen_doors" title="Platform screen doors">Platform screen doors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_public_transport_smart_cards" title="List of public transport smart cards">Smart cards</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CIPURSE" title="CIPURSE">CIPURSE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calypso_(electronic_ticketing_system)" title="Calypso (electronic ticketing system)">Calypso</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ticket_machine" title="Ticket machine">Ticket machine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_transport_timetable" title="Public transport timetable">Timetable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transit_map" title="Transit map">Transit map</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boarding_(transport)" title="Boarding (transport)">Boarding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bus_rapid_transit_creep" title="Bus rapid transit creep">Bus rapid transit creep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crush_load" title="Crush load">Crush load</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwell_time_(transportation)" title="Dwell time (transportation)">Dwell time</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hail_and_ride" title="Hail and ride">Hail and ride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_transport" title="Land transport">Land transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_transport" title="Outline of transport">Outline of transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passenger_load_factor" title="Passenger load factor">Passenger load factor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_good_(economics)" title="Public good (economics)">Public good</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Request_stop" title="Request stop">Request stop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Service_(economics)" title="Service (economics)">Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sustainable_transport" title="Sustainable transport">Sustainable transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timing_point" title="Timing point">Timing point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_economics" title="Transport economics">Transport economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micromobility" title="Micromobility">Micromobility</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nuvola_apps_ksysv_square.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Nuvola_apps_ksysv_square.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_ksysv_square.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Nuvola_apps_ksysv_square.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_ksysv_square.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Nuvola_apps_ksysv_square.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_ksysv_square.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Transport" title="Portal:Transport">Transport portal</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Tourism" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Tourism" title="Template:Tourism"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Tourism" title="Template talk:Tourism"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Tourism" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Tourism"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Tourism" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Tourism" title="Tourism">Tourism</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Types_of_tourism" title="Category:Types of tourism">Types</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Accessible_tourism" title="Accessible tourism">Accessible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adventure_travel" title="Adventure travel">Adventure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agritourism" title="Agritourism">Agritourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_tourism" title="Alternative tourism">Alternative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atomic_tourism" title="Atomic tourism">Atomic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Backpacking_(travel)" title="Backpacking (travel)">Backpacking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beachgoing" title="Beachgoing">Beachgoing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle_touring" title="Bicycle touring">Bicycle touring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birth_tourism" title="Birth tourism">Birth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Business_tourism" title="Business tourism">Business</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culinary_tourism" title="Culinary tourism">Culinary</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Enotourism" class="mw-redirect" title="Enotourism">Enotourism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cultural_tourism" title="Cultural tourism">Cultural</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archaeological_tourism" title="Archaeological tourism">Archaeological</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_tourism" title="Film tourism">Film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literary_tourism" title="Literary tourism">Literary</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bookstore_tourism" title="Bookstore tourism">Bookstore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tolkien_tourism" title="Tolkien tourism">Tolkien</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_tourism" title="Music tourism">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pop-culture_tourism" title="Pop-culture tourism">Pop-culture</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dark_tourism" title="Dark tourism">Dark</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Disaster_tourism" title="Disaster tourism">Disaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holocaust_tourism" title="Holocaust tourism">Holocaust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_tourism" title="War tourism">War</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domestic_tourism" title="Domestic tourism">Domestic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecotourism" title="Ecotourism">Ecotourism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shark_tourism" title="Shark tourism">Shark</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Experiential_travel" title="Experiential travel">Experiential</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extreme_tourism" title="Extreme tourism">Extreme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_tourism" title="Fashion tourism">Fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garden_tourism" title="Garden tourism">Garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genealogy_tourism" title="Genealogy tourism">Genealogy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heritage_tourism" title="Heritage tourism">Heritage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Identity_tourism" title="Identity tourism">Identity</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geotourism" title="Geotourism">Geotourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_tourism" title="Industrial tourism">Industrial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_tourism" title="International tourism">International</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_volunteering" title="International volunteering">Volunteering</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jungle_tourism" title="Jungle tourism">Jungle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Justice_tourism" title="Justice tourism">Justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_tourism" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT tourism">LGBT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medical_tourism" title="Medical tourism">Medical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MICE_tourism" title="MICE tourism">MICE (Meetings, Incentives, Conferences, Exhibitions)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nautical_tourism" title="Nautical tourism">Nautical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orphanage_tourism" title="Orphanage tourism">Orphanage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recreational_drug_tourism" title="Recreational drug tourism">Recreational drug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_tourism" title="Red tourism">Red</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_tourism" title="Religious tourism">Religious</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_tourism" title="Christian tourism">Christian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halal_tourism" title="Halal tourism">Halal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosher_tourism" title="Kosher tourism">Kosher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pilgrimage" title="Pilgrimage">Pilgrimage</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rural_tourism" title="Rural tourism">Rural</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_tourism" title="Science tourism">Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sensory_tourism" title="Sensory tourism">Sensory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slum_tourism" title="Slum tourism">Slum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smart_tourism" title="Smart tourism">Smart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_tourism" title="Space tourism">Space</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_on_the_Moon" title="Tourism on the Moon">Lunar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_tourism" title="Sports tourism">Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sustainable_tourism" title="Sustainable tourism">Sustainable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_tourism" title="Urban tourism">Urban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_tour" title="Virtual tour">Virtual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visiting_friends_and_relatives" title="Visiting friends and relatives">Visiting friends and relatives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wellness_tourism" title="Wellness tourism">Wellness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_tourism" title="Wildlife tourism">Wildlife</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Safari" title="Safari">Safari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scuba_diving_tourism" title="Scuba diving tourism">Scuba</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoga_tourism" title="Yoga tourism">Yoga</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hospitality_industry" title="Hospitality industry">Hospitality industry</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bed_and_breakfast" title="Bed and breakfast">Bed and breakfast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boutique_hotel" title="Boutique hotel">Boutique hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convention_center" title="Convention center">Convention center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cruise_ship" title="Cruise ship">Cruise ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Destination_spa" title="Destination spa">Destination spa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Receptionist" title="Receptionist">Front desk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guest_house" title="Guest house">Guest house</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guest_ranch" title="Guest ranch">Guest ranch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heuhotel" title="Heuhotel">Heuhotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homestay" title="Homestay">Homestay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hospitality_management_studies" title="Hospitality management studies">Hospitality management studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hostel" title="Hostel">Hostel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hotel" title="Hotel">Hotel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hotel_manager" title="Hotel manager">Manager</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inn" title="Inn">Inn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motel" title="Motel">Motel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pension_(lodging)" title="Pension (lodging)">Pension</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Referral_chain" title="Referral chain">Referral chain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resort" title="Resort">Resort</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Resort_hotel" title="Resort hotel">Hotel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resort_island" title="Resort island">Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seaside_resort" title="Seaside resort">Seaside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ski_resort" title="Ski resort">Ski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resort_town" title="Resort town">Town</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Restaurant" title="Restaurant">Restaurant</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Terminology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/College_tour" title="College tour">College tour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convention_(meeting)" title="Convention (meeting)">Convention (meeting)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Destination_marketing_organization" title="Destination marketing organization">Destination marketing organization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Escorted_tour" title="Escorted tour">Escorted tour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Excursion" title="Excursion">Excursion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Factory_tour" title="Factory tour">Factory tour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gift_shop" title="Gift shop">Gift shop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Tour" title="Grand Tour">Grand Tour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holiday" title="Holiday">Holiday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honeymoon" title="Honeymoon">Honeymoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hypermobility_(travel)" title="Hypermobility (travel)">Hypermobility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Journey_planner" title="Journey planner">Journey planner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Package_tour" title="Package tour">Package tour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passport" title="Passport">Passport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perpetual_traveler" title="Perpetual traveler">Perpetual traveler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Road_trip" title="Road trip">Road trip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roadside_attraction" title="Roadside attraction">Roadside attraction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Souvenir" title="Souvenir">Souvenir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staycation" title="Staycation">Staycation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_bus_service" title="Tour bus service">Tour bus service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_guide" title="Tour guide">Tour guide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tour_operator" title="Tour operator">Tour operator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_geography" title="Tourism geography">Tourism geography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_minister" title="Tourism minister">Tourism minister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_region" title="Tourism region">Tourism region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourist_attraction" title="Tourist attraction">Tourist attraction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourist_gateway" title="Tourist gateway">Tourist gateway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourist_trap" title="Tourist trap">Tourist trap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Touron" title="Touron">Touron</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travel" title="Travel">Travel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travel_agency" title="Travel agency">Travel agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travel_behavior" title="Travel behavior">Travel behavior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travel_document" title="Travel document">Travel document</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travel_insurance" title="Travel insurance">Travel insurance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travel_medicine" title="Travel medicine">Travel medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travel_survey" title="Travel survey">Travel survey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travel_technology" title="Travel technology">Travel technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travel_visa" title="Travel visa">Travel visa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travel_warning" title="Travel warning">Travel warning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travel_website" title="Travel website">Travel website</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vacation" title="Vacation">Vacation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visitor_center" title="Visitor center">Visitor center</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Travel_literature" title="Travel literature">Travel literature</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guide_book" title="Guide book">Guide book</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outdoor_literature" title="Outdoor literature">Outdoor literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tourism_journals" title="List of tourism journals">Tourism journals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_travel_magazines" title="List of travel magazines">Travel magazines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikivoyage" title="Wikivoyage">Wikivoyage</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Trade_association" title="Trade association">Trade associations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Bus_Association" title="American Bus Association">American Bus Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Hotel_and_Lodging_Association" title="American Hotel and Lodging Association">American Hotel and Lodging Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Hotel_%26_Lodging_Educational_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="American Hotel & Lodging Educational Institute">American Hotel & Lodging Educational Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BEST_Education_Network" title="BEST Education Network">BEST Education Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Tourism_Organization" title="Caribbean Tourism Organization">Caribbean Tourism Organization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Travel_Commission" title="European Travel Commission">European Travel Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_Archive_on_Tourism" title="Historical Archive on Tourism">Historical Archive on Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Life_Beyond_Tourism" title="Life Beyond Tourism">Life Beyond Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musement" title="Musement">Musement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Asia_Travel_Association" title="Pacific Asia Travel Association">Pacific Asia Travel Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South-East_Asian_Tourism_Organisation" title="South-East Asian Tourism Organisation">South-East Asian Tourism Organisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_Radio" title="Tourism Radio">Tourism Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travel_and_Tourism_Competitiveness_Report" title="Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Report">Travel and Tourism Competitiveness Report</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FIJET" title="FIJET">World Federation of Travel Journalists and Writers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Tourism_Organization" class="mw-redirect" title="World Tourism Organization">World Tourism Organization</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/World_Tourism_rankings" title="World Tourism rankings">World Tourism rankings</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Travel_and_Tourism_Council" title="World Travel and Tourism Council">World Travel and Tourism Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Travel_Monitor" title="World Travel Monitor">World Travel Monitor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Trade_fair" class="mw-redirect" title="Trade fair">Trade fairs</a> and events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akwaaba_African_Travel_Market" title="Akwaaba African Travel Market">Akwaaba African Travel Market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabian_Travel_Market" title="Arabian Travel Market">Arabian Travel Market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cruise_of_the_Kings" title="Cruise of the Kings">Cruise of the Kings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Festival_del_Viaggio" title="Festival del Viaggio">Festival del Viaggio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IFEMA" title="IFEMA">FITUR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ITB_Berlin" title="ITB Berlin">ITB Berlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Tourism_Day" title="World Tourism Day">World Tourism Day</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Issues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heritage_commodification" title="Heritage commodification">Heritage commodification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_tourism" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on tourism">Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impacts_of_tourism" title="Impacts of tourism">Impacts of tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leakage_effect" title="Leakage effect">Leakage effect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overtourism" title="Overtourism">Overtourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_improvement_district" title="Tourism improvement district">Tourism improvement district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourist_tax" title="Tourist tax">Tourist tax</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_adjectival_tourisms" title="List of adjectival tourisms">Adjectival tourisms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_tourist_attractions" title="Lists of tourist attractions">Attractions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_tourism" title="Bibliography of tourism">Bibliography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_casino_hotels" title="List of casino hotels">Casino hotels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_casinos" title="List of casinos">Casinos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_by_international_visitors" title="List of cities by international visitors">Cities by international visitors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_convention_and_exhibition_centers" title="List of convention and exhibition centers">Convention and exhibition centers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cruise_lines" title="List of cruise lines">Cruise lines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lists_of_hotels" title="List of lists of hotels">Hotels</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_hotels" title="List of largest hotels">Largest</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_motels" title="List of motels">Motels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_passenger_airlines" title="List of passenger airlines">Passenger airlines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UNESCO_Intangible_Cultural_Heritage_Lists" title="UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists">UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Sites_by_country" title="World Heritage Sites by country">World Heritage Sites by country</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Tourism" title="Category:Tourism">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" 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href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Travel_and_Tourism" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Travel and Tourism">WikiProject</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Supply_chain_performance_drivers" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Supply_chain_performance_drivers" title="Template:Supply chain 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href="/wiki/Inventory" title="Inventory">Inventory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pricing" title="Pricing">Pricing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strategic_sourcing" title="Strategic sourcing">Sourcing</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Transportation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Technology_and_related_concepts" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible expanded navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link 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style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Major_technologies" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Major technologies</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Necessities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture" title="Agriculture">Agriculture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Domestication" title="Domestication">Domestication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grafting" title="Grafting">Grafting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Working_animal" title="Working animal">Working animal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clothing" title="Clothing">Clothing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sewing_machine" title="Sewing machine">Sewing machine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooking" title="Cooking">Cooking</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beer" title="Beer">Beer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bread" title="Bread">Bread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheese" title="Cheese">Cheese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mill_(grinding)" title="Mill (grinding)">Milling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine" title="Wine">Wine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_storage" title="Food storage">Food storage</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pottery" title="Pottery">Pottery</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanitation" title="Sanitation">Sanitation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Plumbing" title="Plumbing">Plumbing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toilet" title="Toilet">Toilet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tool" title="Tool">Tool</a> / <a href="/wiki/Equipment" title="Equipment">Equipment</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blade" title="Blade">Blade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hammer" title="Hammer">Hammer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plough" title="Plough">Plough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wedge" title="Wedge">Wedge</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weapon" title="Weapon">Weapon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gun" title="Gun">Gun</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Social</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Accounting" title="Accounting">Accounting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calculation" title="Calculation">Calculation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abacus" title="Abacus">Abacus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendar" title="Calendar">Calendar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cryptography" title="Cryptography">Cryptography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lock_and_key" title="Lock and key">Lock and key</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Money" title="Money">Money</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banknote" title="Banknote">Banknote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coin" title="Coin">Coin</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musical_instrument" title="Musical instrument">Musical instrument</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phonograph" title="Phonograph">Phonograph</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toy" title="Toy">Toy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Game" title="Game">Game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Video_game" title="Video game">Video game</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Writing" title="Writing">Writing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Book" title="Book">Book</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Map" title="Map">Map</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Printing_press" title="Printing press">Printing press</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Typewriter" title="Typewriter">Typewriter</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Construction" title="Construction">Construction</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aqueduct_(water_supply)" title="Aqueduct (water supply)">Aqueduct</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canal" title="Canal">Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irrigation" title="Irrigation">Irrigation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arch" title="Arch">Arch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridge" title="Bridge">Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Building" title="Building">Building</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fortification" title="Fortification">Fortification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foundation_(engineering)" title="Foundation (engineering)">Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scaffolding" title="Scaffolding">Scaffolding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tower" title="Tower">Tower</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dam" title="Dam">Dam</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caisson_(engineering)" title="Caisson (engineering)">Caisson</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stonemasonry" title="Stonemasonry">Stonemasonry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Road" title="Road">Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunnel" title="Tunnel">Tunnel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Transport</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aircraft" title="Aircraft">Aircraft</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aerostat" title="Aerostat">Aerostat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airplane" title="Airplane">Airplane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seaplane" title="Seaplane">Seaplane</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compass" title="Compass">Compass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elevator" title="Elevator">Elevator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horseback_riding" class="mw-redirect" title="Horseback riding">Horseback riding</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stirrup" title="Stirrup">Stirrup</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jet_engine" title="Jet engine">Jet engine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rocket" title="Rocket">Rocket</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motor_vehicle" title="Motor vehicle">Motor vehicle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Railroad" class="mw-redirect" title="Railroad">Railroad</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Train" title="Train">Train</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scuba_set" title="Scuba set">Scuba set</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spacecraft" title="Spacecraft">Spacecraft</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Satellite" title="Satellite">Satellite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_station" title="Space station">Space station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_suit" title="Space suit">Space suit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watercraft" title="Watercraft">Watercraft</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sailing" title="Sailing">Sailing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ship" title="Ship">Ship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Submarine" title="Submarine">Submarine</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Manufacturing" title="Manufacturing">Manufacturing</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3D_printing" title="3D printing">3D printing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carpentry" title="Carpentry">Carpentry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casting" title="Casting">Casting</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Injection_moulding" title="Injection moulding">Injection moulding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lost-wax_casting" title="Lost-wax casting">Lost-wax casting</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_production" title="Mass production">Mass production</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assembly_line" title="Assembly line">Assembly line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interchangeable_parts" title="Interchangeable parts">Interchangeable parts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machine_tool" title="Machine tool">Machine tool</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welding" title="Welding">Welding</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Simple_machine" title="Simple machine">Simple machine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Axle" title="Axle">Axle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bearing_(mechanical)" title="Bearing (mechanical)">Bearing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ball_bearing" title="Ball bearing">Ball bearing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belt_(mechanical)" title="Belt (mechanical)">Belt</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chain" title="Chain">Chain</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lever" title="Lever">Lever</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catapult" title="Catapult">Catapult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crane_(machine)" title="Crane (machine)">Crane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shadoof" title="Shadoof">Shadoof</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linkage_(mechanical)" title="Linkage (mechanical)">Linkage</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cam_(mechanism)" title="Cam (mechanism)">Cam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clutch" title="Clutch">Clutch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four-bar_linkage" title="Four-bar linkage">Four-bar linkage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piston" title="Piston">Piston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rack_and_pinion" title="Rack and pinion">Rack and pinion</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pendulum" title="Pendulum">Pendulum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screw" title="Screw">Screw</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archimedes%27_screw" title="Archimedes' screw">Archimedes' screw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propeller" title="Propeller">Propeller</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spring_(device)" title="Spring (device)">Spring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valve" title="Valve">Valve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheel" title="Wheel">Wheel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Block_and_tackle" title="Block and tackle">Block and tackle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flywheel" title="Flywheel">Flywheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gear" title="Gear">Gear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potter%27s_wheel" title="Potter's wheel">Potter's wheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulley" title="Pulley">Pulley</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wing" title="Wing">Wing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Machinery" class="mw-redirect" title="Machinery">Machinery</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agricultural_machinery" title="Agricultural machinery">Agricultural machinery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Home_appliance" title="Home appliance">Appliance</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dishwasher" title="Dishwasher">Dishwasher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washing_machine" title="Washing machine">Washing machine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Engine" title="Engine">Engine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Electric_motor" title="Electric motor">Electric motor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internal_combustion" class="mw-redirect" title="Internal combustion">Internal combustion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turbine" title="Turbine">Turbine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waterwheel" class="mw-redirect" title="Waterwheel">Waterwheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windmill" title="Windmill">Windmill</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heavy_equipment" title="Heavy equipment">Heavy equipment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydraulic_machinery" title="Hydraulic machinery">Hydraulics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hydraulic_cylinder" title="Hydraulic cylinder">Cylinder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydraulic_manifold" title="Hydraulic manifold">Manifold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pump" title="Pump">Pump</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mechanism_(engineering)" title="Mechanism (engineering)">Mechanism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clock" title="Clock">Clock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Differential_(mechanical_device)" title="Differential (mechanical device)">Differential</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epicyclic_gearing" title="Epicyclic gearing">Epicyclic gearing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gimbal" title="Gimbal">Gimbal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gyroscope" title="Gyroscope">Gyroscope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whippletree_(mechanism)" title="Whippletree (mechanism)">Whippletree</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MEMS" title="MEMS">MEMS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pneumatics" title="Pneumatics">Pneumatics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Compressor" title="Compressor">Compressor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackhammer" title="Jackhammer">Jackhammer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rivet_gun" title="Rivet gun">Rivet gun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vacuum_pump" title="Vacuum pump">Vacuum pump</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robotics" title="Robotics">Robotics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robotic_arm" title="Robotic arm">Arm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leg_mechanism" title="Leg mechanism">Leg</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Energy_development" title="Energy development">Energy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Control_of_fire" class="mw-redirect" title="Control of fire">Fire</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charcoal_burner" title="Charcoal burner">Charcoal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oven" title="Oven">Oven</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_storage" title="Energy storage">Energy storage</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Electric_battery" title="Electric battery">Battery</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geothermal_power" title="Geothermal power">Geothermal power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heat_exchanger" title="Heat exchanger">Heat exchanger</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heat_pump" title="Heat pump">Heat pump</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_technology" title="Nuclear technology">Nuclear</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_power" title="Nuclear power">Power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_weapon" title="Nuclear weapon">Weapon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oil_drilling" class="mw-redirect" title="Oil drilling">Oil drilling</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fracking" title="Fracking">Fracking</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refrigeration" title="Refrigeration">Refrigeration</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_conditioning" title="Air conditioning">Air conditioning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refrigerator" title="Refrigerator">Refrigerator</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power" title="Solar power">Solar power</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Photovoltaics" title="Photovoltaics">Photovoltaics</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Material" title="Material">Material</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cement" title="Cement">Cement</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Concrete" title="Concrete">Concrete</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceramic" title="Ceramic">Ceramic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brick" title="Brick">Brick</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chipped_stone" class="mw-redirect" title="Chipped stone">Chipped stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glass" title="Glass">Glass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masonry" title="Masonry">Masonry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metallurgy" title="Metallurgy">Metallurgy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hall%E2%80%93H%C3%A9roult_process" title="Hall–Héroult process">Aluminum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bronze" title="Bronze">Bronze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ironworking" class="mw-redirect" title="Ironworking">Ironworking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steel" title="Steel">Steel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanomaterials" title="Nanomaterials">Nanomaterials</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paper" title="Paper">Paper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plastic" title="Plastic">Plastic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rammed_earth" title="Rammed earth">Rammed earth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recycling" title="Recycling">Recycling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_rubber" title="Natural rubber">Rubber</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vulcanization" title="Vulcanization">Vulcanization</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textile" title="Textile">Textile</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Loom" title="Loom">Loom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spinning_wheel" title="Spinning wheel">Spinning wheel</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Biotechnology" title="Biotechnology">Biotechnology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Birth_control" title="Birth control">Birth control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blood_transfusion" title="Blood transfusion">Blood transfusion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dentistry" title="Dentistry">Dentistry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genetic_engineering" title="Genetic engineering">Genetic engineering</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CRISPR_gene_editing" title="CRISPR gene editing">CRISPR gene editing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genetic_testing" title="Genetic testing">Genetic testing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polymerase_chain_reaction" title="Polymerase chain reaction">PCR</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hospital" title="Hospital">Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medical_imaging" title="Medical imaging">Medical imaging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medication" title="Medication">Medication</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anesthesia" title="Anesthesia">Anesthesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antibiotic" title="Antibiotic">Antibiotic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prosthesis" title="Prosthesis">Prosthesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surgery" title="Surgery">Surgery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaccine" title="Vaccine">Vaccine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chemical" class="mw-redirect" title="Chemical">Chemical</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Detergent" title="Detergent">Detergent</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soap" title="Soap">Soap</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dye" title="Dye">Dye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Explosive" title="Explosive">Explosive</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dynamite" title="Dynamite">Dynamite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fireworks" title="Fireworks">Fireworks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunpowder" title="Gunpowder">Gunpowder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TNT" title="TNT">TNT</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fertilizer" title="Fertilizer">Fertilizer</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Haber_process" title="Haber process">Haber process</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laboratory_glassware" title="Laboratory glassware">Laboratory glassware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pesticide" title="Pesticide">Pesticide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pigment" title="Pigment">Pigment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Separation_process" title="Separation process">Separation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chromatography" title="Chromatography">Chromatography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Distillation" title="Distillation">Distillation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filtration" title="Filtration">Filtration</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spectrometer" title="Spectrometer">Spectrometer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chemical_synthesis" title="Chemical synthesis">Synthesis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Electromagnetism" title="Electromagnetism">Electromagnetism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Electromagnet" title="Electromagnet">Electromagnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laser" title="Laser">Laser</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Optical_disc" title="Optical disc">Optical disc</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lens" title="Lens">Lens</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eyeglasses" class="mw-redirect" title="Eyeglasses">Eyeglasses</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnetic_storage" title="Magnetic storage">Magnetic storage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microwave_oven" title="Microwave oven">Microwave oven</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirror" title="Mirror">Mirror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Optical_fiber" title="Optical fiber">Optical fiber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Optical_instrument" title="Optical instrument">Optical instrument</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Microscope" title="Microscope">Microscope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telescope" title="Telescope">Telescope</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Particle_accelerator" title="Particle accelerator">Particle accelerator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Photography" title="Photography">Photography</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Camera" title="Camera">Camera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film" title="Film">Motion picture</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radar" title="Radar">Radar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications" title="Telecommunications">Telecommunications</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_phone" title="Mobile phone">Mobile phone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio" title="Radio">Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telegraph" class="mw-redirect" title="Telegraph">Telegraph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telephone" title="Telephone">Telephone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Television" title="Television">Television</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Electricity" title="Electricity">Electricity</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Electrical_network" title="Electrical network">Circuit</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alternating_current" title="Alternating current">AC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circuit_breaker" title="Circuit breaker">Circuit breaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Direct_current" title="Direct current">DC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electrical_grid" title="Electrical grid">Electrical grid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuse_(electrical)" title="Fuse (electrical)">Fuse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electric_generator" title="Electric generator">Generator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Switch" title="Switch">Switch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transformer" title="Transformer">Transformer</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electric_light" title="Electric light">Electric light</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fluorescent_lamp" title="Fluorescent lamp">Fluorescent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incandescent_light_bulb" title="Incandescent light bulb">Incandescent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LED" class="mw-redirect" title="LED">LED</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neon_lighting" title="Neon lighting">Neon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronics" title="Electronics">Electronics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Capacitor" title="Capacitor">Capacitor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circuit_board" class="mw-redirect" title="Circuit board">Circuit board</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resistor" title="Resistor">Resistor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inductor" title="Inductor">Inductor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vacuum_tube" title="Vacuum tube">Vacuum tube</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lightning_rod" title="Lightning rod">Lightning rod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multimeter" title="Multimeter">Multimeter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oscilloscope" title="Oscilloscope">Oscilloscope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semiconductor" title="Semiconductor">Semiconductor</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diode" title="Diode">Diode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Integrated_circuit" title="Integrated circuit">Integrated circuit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transistor" title="Transistor">Transistor</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superconductor" class="mw-redirect" title="Superconductor">Superconductor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Computer" title="Computer">Computer</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Artificial_intelligence" title="Artificial intelligence">Artificial intelligence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer_hardware" title="Computer hardware">Hardware</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CPU" class="mw-redirect" title="CPU">CPU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GPU" class="mw-redirect" title="GPU">GPU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modem" title="Modem">Modem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motherboard" title="Motherboard">Motherboard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer_mouse" title="Computer mouse">Mouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RAM" class="mw-redirect" title="RAM">RAM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Router_(computing)" title="Router (computing)">Router</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer_data_storage" title="Computer data storage">Storage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Touchscreen" title="Touchscreen">Touchscreen</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computer_network" title="Computer network">Networking</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Client%E2%80%93server_model" title="Client–server model">Client–server model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Email" title="Email">Email</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet" title="Internet">Internet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peer-to-peer" title="Peer-to-peer">Peer-to-peer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_media" title="Social media">Social media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Wide_Web" title="World Wide Web">World Wide Web</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Programming_language" title="Programming language">Programming language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software" title="Software">Software</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Compiler" title="Compiler">Compiler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Database" title="Database">Database</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GUI" class="mw-redirect" title="GUI">GUI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphics_software" title="Graphics software">Graphics software</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operating_system" title="Operating system">Operating system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spreadsheet" title="Spreadsheet">Spreadsheet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Web_browser" title="Web browser">Web browser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Word_processor" title="Word processor">Word processor</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Perspectives" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Perspectives</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_technology" title="Criticism of technology">Criticism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Appropriate_technology" title="Appropriate technology">Appropriate technology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Low_technology" title="Low technology">Low technology</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luddite" title="Luddite">Luddite</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neo-Luddism" title="Neo-Luddism">Neo-Luddism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Precautionary_principle" title="Precautionary principle">Precautionary principle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ecotechnology" title="Ecotechnology">Ecotechnology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_technology" title="Environmental technology">Environmental technology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clean_technology" title="Clean technology">Clean technology</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sustainable_design" title="Sustainable design">Sustainable design</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sustainable_engineering" title="Sustainable engineering">Sustainable engineering</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Policy & politics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Government_by_algorithm" title="Government by algorithm">Government by algorithm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intellectual_property" title="Intellectual property">Intellectual property</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Patent" title="Patent">Patent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trade_secret" title="Trade secret">Trade secret</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persuasive_technology" title="Persuasive technology">Persuasive technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_policy" title="Science policy">Science policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strategy_of_Technology" title="Strategy of Technology">Strategy of Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technology_assessment" title="Technology assessment">Technology assessment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technorealism" title="Technorealism">Technorealism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Techno-progressivism" title="Techno-progressivism">Progressivism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Futures_studies" title="Futures studies">Futures studies</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Technology_forecasting" title="Technology forecasting">Technology forecasting</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technological_utopianism" title="Technological utopianism">Technological utopianism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Technocracy_movement" title="Technocracy movement">Technocracy movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technological_singularity" title="Technological singularity">Technological singularity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transhumanism" title="Transhumanism">Transhumanism</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Science_and_technology_studies" title="Science and technology studies">Studies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diffusion_of_innovations" title="Diffusion of innovations">Diffusion of innovations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Technology_transfer" title="Technology transfer">Technology transfer</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_technology" title="History of technology">History</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_historic_inventions" title="Timeline of historic inventions">Timeline of historic inventions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philosophy_of_technology" title="Philosophy of technology">Philosophy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Social_construction_of_technology" title="Social construction of technology">Social construction of technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technological_determinism" title="Technological determinism">Technological determinism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technology_acceptance_model" title="Technology acceptance model">Technology acceptance model</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Related_concepts" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Related concepts</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Applied_science" title="Applied science">Applied science</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agronomy" title="Agronomy">Agronomy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architecture" title="Architecture">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Construction" title="Construction">Construction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Engineering" title="Engineering">Engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forensic_science" title="Forensic science">Forensics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forestry" title="Forestry">Forestry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logistics" title="Logistics">Logistics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medicine" title="Medicine">Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining" title="Mining">Mining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navigation" title="Navigation">Navigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surveying" title="Surveying">Surveying</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Innovation" title="Innovation">Innovation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Design" title="Design">Design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_tech" title="High tech">High tech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Invention" title="Invention">Invention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mature_technology" title="Mature technology">Mature technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Research_and_development" title="Research and development">Research and development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technological_convergence" title="Technological convergence">Technological convergence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technology_lifecycle" class="mw-redirect" title="Technology lifecycle">Technology lifecycle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Technology" title="Category:Technology"><b>Category</b></a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Outline"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/10px-Global_thinking.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/15px-Global_thinking.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/21px-Global_thinking.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="130" data-file-height="200" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_technology" title="Outline of technology"><b>Outline</b></a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Technology" title="Portal:Technology"><b>Portal</b></a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7590#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7590#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7590#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4062901-6">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85137027">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Transport"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13318486w">France</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Transport"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13318486w">BnF data</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00566818">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="doprava"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph114347&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000055337&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007546104905171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10643344">NARA</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Transport&oldid=1255351901">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Transport&oldid=1255351901</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Transport" title="Category:Transport">Transport</a></li><li><a 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