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title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-化合物分類" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#化合物分類"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>化合物分類</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-化合物分類-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-歷史及來源" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#歷史及來源"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>歷史及來源</span> </div> </a> <button 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id="toc-書目-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部連結" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部連結"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>外部連結</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部連結-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">有機鹵化物</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。17种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-17" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">17种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%86" title="هالوكربون – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هالوكربون" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halokarbon" title="Halokarbon – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Halokarbon" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hidrocarbur_halogenat" title="Hidrocarbur halogenat – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Hidrocarbur halogenat" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organohalid" title="Organohalid – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Organohalid" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halogenkohlenwasserstoffe" title="Halogenkohlenwasserstoffe – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Halogenkohlenwasserstoffe" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halocarbon" title="Halocarbon – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Halocarbon" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halocarburo" title="Halocarburo – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Halocarburo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halogeeni%C3%BChendid" title="Halogeeniühendid – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Halogeeniühendid" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organohalogeenit" title="Organohalogeenit – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Organohalogeenit" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halocarbure" title="Halocarbure – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Halocarbure" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halokarbon" title="Halokarbon – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Halokarbon" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%A9%9F%E3%83%8F%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B2%E3%83%B3%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="有機ハロゲン化合物 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="有機ハロゲン化合物" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halokarboner" title="Halokarboner – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Halokarboner" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derivado_halogenado" title="Derivado halogenado – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Derivado halogenado" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Галогенорганические соединения – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Галогенорганические соединения" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halokarbon" title="Halokarbon – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Halokarbon" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%96_%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Галогенорганічні сполуки – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Галогенорганічні сполуки" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q387914#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%A9%9F%E9%B9%B5%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E6%9C%89%E6%A9%9F%E9%B9%B5%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" accesskey="t"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="更改语言变体" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">不转换</span> </label> <div 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</div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><p><b>有機鹵化物</b>（Organic halide）是指有一個或多個<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3" title="碳">碳</a>原子和<a href="/wiki/%E9%B9%B5%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="鹵素">鹵素</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%9F" title="氟">氟</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF" title="氯">氯</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%B4" title="溴">溴</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%98" title="碘">碘</a>等17族的元素）形成<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E5%83%B9%E9%8D%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="共價鍵">共價鍵</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%A9%9F%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="有機化合物">有機化合物</a>，產生的分別稱為<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E6%B0%9F%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="有机氟化学">有机氟化物</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E6%B0%AF%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="有机氯化合物">有机氯化物</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E6%BA%B4%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="有机溴化合物">有机溴化物</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E7%A2%98%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="有机碘化合物">有机碘化物</a>。其中最常見的是有机氯化物<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，<b>鹵代烴</b>（Halocarbon）是指只有碳、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="氫">氫</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%B9%B5%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="鹵素">鹵素</a>形成的有機鹵化物。 </p><p>許多合成的有機化合物（例如<a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%91%E8%86%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="塑膠">塑膠</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%9A%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="聚合物">聚合物</a>）含有碳和鹵素的共價鍵。在工業上最常見到的是有机氯化物，而其他的有機鹵化物也常用在化學合成中。一般而言生物不會產生有機鹵化物，只有非常少數的例外，不過許多的藥物是有機鹵化物，例如治療憂鬱症的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%9F%E8%A5%BF%E6%B1%80" title="氟西汀">氟西汀</a>（商品名稱為百憂解）就含有<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%B0%9F%E7%94%B2%E5%9F%BA" title="三氟甲基">三氟甲基</a>，也有許多對人體有影響的污染物也是有機鹵化物，例如<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E6%B0%AF%E8%81%AF%E8%8B%AF" title="多氯聯苯">多氯聯苯</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E6%B0%AF%E9%9B%99%E8%8B%AF%E7%92%B0%E6%88%B4%E5%A5%A7%E8%BE%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="四氯雙苯環戴奧辛">四氯雙苯環戴奧辛</a>。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="化合物分類"><span id=".E5.8C.96.E5.90.88.E7.89.A9.E5.88.86.E9.A1.9E"></span>化合物分類</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%A9%9F%E9%B9%B5%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：化合物分類"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Organohalogen-chlorides.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Organohalogen-chlorides.png/300px-Organohalogen-chlorides.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Organohalogen-chlorides.png/450px-Organohalogen-chlorides.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/19/Organohalogen-chlorides.png 2x" data-file-width="491" data-file-height="127" /></a><figcaption>一些有機鹵化物</figcaption></figure> <p>有機鹵化物一般會用類似<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E7%BB%93%E6%9E%84" class="mw-redirect" title="化学结构">化學結構</a>，且由氫原子代替鹵素原子的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%A9%9F%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="有機化合物">有機化合物</a>來分類。可以分為以下幾類<sup id="cite_ref-Ullmann_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ullmann-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>： </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A4%E4%BB%A3%E7%83%B7%E7%83%83" title="卤代烷烃">卤代烷烃</a>：碳原子之間都用單鏈連結的化合物。</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="乙烯基鹵化物" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="haloalkene"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B9%99%E7%83%AF%E5%9F%BA%E9%B9%B5%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="乙烯基鹵化物（页面不存在）">乙烯基鹵化物</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/haloalkene" class="extiw" title="en:haloalkene"><span lang="en" dir="auto">haloalkene</span></a></span>）</span></span>：碳原子之間有一個或多個雙鏈連結的化合物。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A4%E4%BB%A3%E8%8A%B3%E7%83%83" title="卤代芳烃">卤代芳烃</a>：碳原子之間有形成<a href="/wiki/%E8%8A%B3%E9%A6%99%E6%80%A7" title="芳香性">環狀結構</a>，且有離域pi鍵的化合物。</li></ul> <p>有機鹵化物中的鹵素常稱為是<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%96%E4%BB%A3%E5%9F%BA" title="取代基">取代基</a>，可以視為是這些原子取代了氫原子。不過許多有機鹵化物的製備過程沒有直接用鹵素原子取代有機化合物中的氫原子。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="歷史及來源"><span id=".E6.AD.B7.E5.8F.B2.E5.8F.8A.E4.BE.86.E6.BA.90"></span>歷史及來源</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%A9%9F%E9%B9%B5%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：歷史及來源"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>有些微生物會產生大量的有機鹵化物。像每年由海洋生物產生的<a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%B4%E7%94%B2%E7%83%B7" title="溴甲烷">溴甲烷</a>估計可達上百萬噸。不過日常生活接觸到的有機鹵化物（像是溶劑、藥物、塑膠）都是人造的。有機鹵化物是在1800年代初期開始合成。後來發現這類物質在溶劑以及麻醉劑上的應用，產量才開始增加。隨著塑膠以及合成彈性體的開發，也就需要製造更大量的有機鹵化物。藥物中有不少是機鹵化物。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="自然界的有機鹵化物"><span id=".E8.87.AA.E7.84.B6.E7.95.8C.E7.9A.84.E6.9C.89.E6.A9.9F.E9.B9.B5.E5.8C.96.E7.89.A9"></span>自然界的有機鹵化物</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%A9%9F%E9%B9%B5%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：自然界的有機鹵化物"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>自然產生的有機鹵化物中，有大部份（像<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E6%B0%AF%E5%8F%8C%E8%8B%AF%E5%B9%B6%E5%AF%B9%E4%BA%8C%F0%AB%AB%87%E8%8B%B1" title="多氯双苯并对二𫫇英">多氯双苯并对二𫫇英</a>）是因為森林大火以及<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E5%B1%B1%E4%BD%9C%E7%94%A8" title="火山作用">火山作用</a>所造成。主要來源中的第三名是海藻，製造許多氯甲烷、氯乙烷等化合物。目前已知有上千種複雜的有機鹵化物主要是由海洋生物產生。自然界所發現的有機鹵化物中，主要是有機氯化物，不過也有有機溴化物、有機碘化物及有機氟化物。<a href="/wiki/%E9%AA%A8%E8%9E%BA%E7%B4%AB" title="骨螺紫">骨螺紫</a>是由骨螺科產生的有機溴化物。<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B2%E7%8A%B6%E8%85%BA%E7%B4%A0" title="甲状腺素">甲狀腺素</a>是由<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B2%E7%8B%80%E8%85%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="甲狀腺">甲狀腺</a>分泌的有機碘化物。劇毒的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%9F%E4%B9%99%E9%85%B8" title="氟乙酸">氟乙酸</a>是少數自然界產生的有機氟化物，是由特定的植物所產生<sup id="cite_ref-Gribble98_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gribble98-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Gribble99_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gribble99-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Gribble02_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gribble02-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="用途"><span id=".E7.94.A8.E9.80.94"></span>用途</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%A9%9F%E9%B9%B5%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：用途"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>第一個販售的有機鹵化物是<a href="/wiki/%E9%AA%A8%E8%9E%BA%E7%B4%AB" title="骨螺紫">骨螺紫</a>，是由<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="染料骨螺" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Bolinus brandaris"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9F%93%E6%96%99%E9%AA%A8%E8%9E%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="染料骨螺（页面不存在）">染料骨螺</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolinus_brandaris" class="extiw" title="en:Bolinus brandaris"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Bolinus brandaris</span></a></span>）</span></span>產生的天然有機溴化物。 </p><p>有機鹵化物常用作<a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%B6%E5%8A%91" class="mw-redirect" title="溶劑">溶劑</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%AE%BA%E8%9F%B2%E5%8A%91" title="殺蟲劑">殺蟲劑</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B7%E5%AA%92" class="mw-redirect" title="冷媒">冷媒</a>、防火的油類、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%B9%E6%80%A7%E4%BD%93" title="弹性体">彈性體</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%8F%E5%90%88%E5%89%82" title="黏合剂">黏合劑</a>及密封劑的成份、絕緣塗層、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%91%E5%8C%96%E5%8A%91" title="塑化劑">塑化劑</a>以及<a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%91%E8%86%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="塑膠">塑膠</a>。許多有機鹵化物在產業上已有特殊的用途，例如<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%B0%AF%E8%94%97%E7%B3%96" title="三氯蔗糖">三氯蔗糖</a>就是甜味劑。 </p><p>在嚴格管控有機鹵化物之前，大眾常接觸到有機鹵化物的來源是塗料及洗滌劑（像是<a href="/wiki/1,1,1-%E4%B8%89%E6%B0%AF%E4%B9%99%E7%83%B7" title="1,1,1-三氯乙烷">1,1,1-三氯乙烷</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E6%B0%AF%E5%8C%96%E7%A2%B3" title="四氯化碳">四氯化碳</a>）、殺蟲劑（像是<a href="/wiki/1,2-%E4%BA%8C%E6%BA%B4%E4%B9%99%E7%83%B7" title="1,2-二溴乙烷">1,2-二溴乙烷</a>）、及<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B7%E5%AA%92" class="mw-redirect" title="冷媒">冷媒</a>（像是<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%9F%E4%B8%80%E6%B0%AF%E7%94%B2%E7%83%B7" title="二氟一氯甲烷">R-22</a>）。目前有機鹵化物仍用在工業清洗（像<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%AF%E7%94%B2%E7%83%B7" title="二氯甲烷">二氯甲烷</a>）或是冷媒（像<a href="/wiki/1,1,1,2-%E5%9B%9B%E6%B0%9F%E4%B9%99%E7%83%B7" title="1,1,1,2-四氟乙烷">R-134a</a>）。 </p><p>有機鹵化物也曾用作<a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%B6%E5%8A%91" class="mw-redirect" title="溶劑">溶劑</a>，像是乾洗常用的<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E6%B0%AF%E4%B9%99%E7%83%AF" title="四氯乙烯">四氯乙烯</a>，以及<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%B0%AF%E4%B9%99%E7%83%AF" title="三氯乙烯">三氯乙烯</a>。其他的乙烯基鹵化物也是塑膠的化學組成成份之一，例如<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%9A%E6%B0%AF%E4%B9%99%E7%83%AF" title="聚氯乙烯">聚氯乙烯</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E8%81%9A%E5%9B%9B%E6%B0%9F%E4%B9%99%E7%83%AF" title="聚四氟乙烯">聚四氟乙烯</a>。 </p><p>鹵代芳烴包括曾用在功率變壓器以及電容器裡的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E6%B0%AF%E8%81%AF%E8%8B%AF" title="多氯聯苯">多氯聯苯</a>（PCB），以及曾用在電氣絕緣的<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="多氯化萘" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Polychlorinated naphthalene"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%9A%E6%B0%AF%E5%8C%96%E8%90%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="多氯化萘（页面不存在）">多氯化萘</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polychlorinated_naphthalene" class="extiw" title="en:Polychlorinated naphthalene"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Polychlorinated naphthalene</span></a></span>）</span></span>（PCN）、以及可以用作<a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%88%E6%AF%92%E5%8A%91" class="mw-redirect" title="消毒劑">消毒劑</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E6%AE%BA%E8%9F%B2%E5%8A%91" title="殺蟲劑">殺蟲劑</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF%E8%8B%AF" title="氯苯">氯苯</a>及其衍生物<a href="/wiki/%E6%BB%B4%E6%BB%B4%E6%B6%95" title="滴滴涕">滴滴涕</a>，可以做<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%A4%E8%8D%89%E5%8A%91" class="mw-redirect" title="除草劑">除草劑</a>的<a href="/wiki/2,4-%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%AF%E8%8B%AF%E6%B0%A7%E4%B9%99%E9%85%B8" title="2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸">2,4-二氯苯氧乙酸</a>等。 </p><p>有些有機鹵化物（包括鹵化的有機酸，例如<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF%E4%B9%99%E9%85%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="氯乙酸">氯乙酸</a>）是高度<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E6%87%89%E6%80%A7" title="反應性">反應性</a>的物質，除了用在化學製程上，很少會有其他的應用。有機鹵化物的廣為使用主要是因為這些物質比其他的物質穩定，不容易被酸或是鹼腐蝕，不會迅速燃燒，不會受到<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%B0%E8%8F%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="細菌">細菌</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%B4%E8%8F%8C" title="黴菌">黴菌</a>的影響，也不會因為日光曝晒而破壞。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="危害"><span id=".E5.8D.B1.E5.AE.B3"></span>危害</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%A9%9F%E9%B9%B5%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：危害"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>有機鹵化物的穩定性容易讓人們相信這些物質是無害的，不過在1920年代中期，有醫師指出，從事<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="多氯化萘" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="polychlorinated naphthalene"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%9A%E6%B0%AF%E5%8C%96%E8%90%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="多氯化萘（页面不存在）">多氯化萘</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/polychlorinated_naphthalene" class="extiw" title="en:polychlorinated naphthalene"><span lang="en" dir="auto">polychlorinated naphthalene</span></a></span>）</span></span>製造的工人罹患<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF%E7%97%A4%E7%98%A1" title="氯痤瘡">氯痤瘡</a><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，在1930年末期，已發現有接觸多氯化萘的工人有可能死於<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%9D%E7%97%85" title="肝病">肝病</a><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，而<a href="/wiki/DDT" class="mw-redirect" title="DDT">DDT</a>會殺死<a href="/wiki/%E8%9A%8A%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="蚊子">蚊子</a>及其他<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%86%E8%9F%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="昆蟲">昆蟲</a><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。1950年代時，已有多起有關工作環境危害的記錄以及調查。例如，美國海軍在1956年測試了含有<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E6%B0%AF%E8%81%AF%E8%8B%AF" title="多氯聯苯">多氯聯苯</a>的液壓油，發現動物皮膚接觸後造成嚴重的肝病，因此拒絕使用此一物質，表示：「此物質毒性太高，無法在潛水艇中使用。」<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Halogenated_gas_concentrations_1978-present.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Halogenated_gas_concentrations_1978-present.png/260px-Halogenated_gas_concentrations_1978-present.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Halogenated_gas_concentrations_1978-present.png/390px-Halogenated_gas_concentrations_1978-present.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Halogenated_gas_concentrations_1978-present.png/520px-Halogenated_gas_concentrations_1978-present.png 2x" data-file-width="928" data-file-height="598" /></a><figcaption>從1978年至2015年，幾種有機鹵化物在大氣中濃度的變化</figcaption></figure> <p>1962年時，美國生物學家<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B7%E5%88%87%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E6%A3%AE" title="雷切尔·卡森">雷切尔·卡森</a><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>的書讓大眾注意<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%E6%B1%A1%E6%9F%93" class="mw-redirect" title="环境污染">環境污染</a>的議題，書中最早著重的是<a href="/wiki/DDT" class="mw-redirect" title="DDT">DDT</a>以及其他的殺蟲劑（其中有些也是有機鹵化物）。瑞典化學家Soren Jensen在1966年指出，在北極及副北極地區的魚和鳥類體內有殘留PCB，大眾對環境污染的議題更加關注<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。墨西哥化學家<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E9%87%8C%E5%A5%A5%C2%B7%E8%8E%AB%E5%88%A9%E7%BA%B3" title="马里奥·莫利纳">马里奥·莫利纳</a>和美國化學家<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%97%E5%85%B0%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E8%88%8D%E4%BC%8D%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E7%BD%97%E5%85%B0" title="弗兰克·舍伍德·罗兰">弗兰克·舍伍德·罗兰</a>在1974年預測常用的有機鹵化物冷媒，<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF%E6%B0%9F%E7%83%83" title="氯氟烃">氯氟烃</a>（CFC）會集中在大氧層的較高處，而且會破壞可以保護地球的<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AD%E6%B0%A7%E5%B1%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="臭氧層">臭氧層</a><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。幾年後就在南極洲的上空發現<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AD%E6%B0%A7%E5%B1%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="臭氧層">臭氧層</a>的破洞，許多國家因此而有管制製造及使用氯氟烃的法令。2007年的<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E9%97%B4%E6%B0%94%E5%80%99%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96%E4%B8%93%E9%97%A8%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A%E7%AC%AC%E5%9B%9B%E6%AC%A1%E8%AF%84%E4%BC%B0%E6%8A%A5%E5%91%8A" title="政府间气候变化专门委员会第四次评估报告">政府间气候变化专门委员会第四次评估报告</a>指出有機鹵化物是造成<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E6%9A%96%E5%8C%96" class="mw-redirect" title="全球暖化">全球暖化</a>的直接原因<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>自從1970年代起，開始討論<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%B0%AF%E4%B9%99%E7%83%AF" title="三氯乙烯">三氯乙烯</a>以及其他常用於工業清洗的有機鹵化物溶劑，對健康的潛在危害，此一議題討論了很多，是目前仍無定論的爭議性問題<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。後來在2006年起討論的是<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E6%B0%9F%E8%BE%9B%E9%85%B8" title="全氟辛酸">全氟辛酸</a>（PFOA）對健康及環境的影響，全氟辛酸是最常見鐵氟龍製程的原料，也是布料、鍋具或是<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="食品包裝" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Food packaging"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E5%8C%85%E8%A3%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="食品包裝（页面不存在）">食品包裝</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_packaging" class="extiw" title="en:Food packaging"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Food packaging</span></a></span>）</span></span>的保護層<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。以往認為許多的有機鹵化物是最不會產生反應的物質，但也可能會造成危害。 </p><p>有機鹵化物就算本身不會造成危害，也有可能會有<a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%A2%E6%A3%84%E7%89%A9%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86" title="廢棄物管理">廢棄物管理</a>的相關問題。有機鹵化物在自然環境下不容易分解，因此容易累積在生物體內。有機鹵化物的<a href="/wiki/%E5%9E%83%E5%9C%BE%E7%84%9A%E7%83%A7" title="垃圾焚烧">焚烧</a>會產生許多的副產物，像是<a href="/wiki/%E8%85%90%E8%9D%95" class="mw-redirect" title="腐蝕">腐蝕</a>性的<a href="/wiki/%E9%B9%BD%E9%85%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="鹽酸">鹽酸</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A2%E6%B0%9F%E9%85%B8" title="氢氟酸">氫氟酸</a>，以及鹵化的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E6%B0%AF%E5%8F%8C%E8%8B%AF%E5%B9%B6%E5%AF%B9%E4%BA%8C%F0%AB%AB%87%E8%8B%B1" title="多氯双苯并对二𫫇英">对二𫫇英</a>或是<a href="/wiki/%E5%91%8B%E5%96%83" title="呋喃">呋喃</a>等毒性物質。<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="脫硫桿菌" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Desulfitobacterium"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%84%AB%E7%A1%AB%E6%A1%BF%E8%8F%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="脫硫桿菌（页面不存在）">脫硫桿菌</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desulfitobacterium" class="extiw" title="en:Desulfitobacterium"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Desulfitobacterium</span></a></span>）</span></span>有<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E4%BF%AE%E5%BE%A9" title="生物修復">生物分解</a>有機鹵化物的潛力，目前有研究者正在進行相關的研究<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="相關條目"><span id=".E7.9B.B8.E9.97.9C.E6.A2.9D.E7.9B.AE"></span>相關條目</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%A9%9F%E9%B9%B5%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：相關條目"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B9%B5%E5%8C%96" title="鹵化">鹵化</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3%EF%BC%8D%E6%B0%9F%E9%8D%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="碳－氟鍵">碳－氟鍵</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="含氟氣體" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Fluorinated gases"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%AB%E6%B0%9F%E6%B0%A3%E9%AB%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="含氟氣體（页面不存在）">含氟氣體</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fluorinated_gases" class="extiw" title="en:Fluorinated gases"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Fluorinated gases</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A3%BD%E5%86%B7%E5%8A%91%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="製冷劑列表">製冷劑列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E9%B9%B5%E4%BB%A3%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="多鹵代化合物">多鹵代化合物</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考資料"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83.E8.B3.87.E6.96.99"></span>參考資料</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%A9%9F%E9%B9%B5%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：參考資料"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Yoel Sasson. 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FEMS Microbiology Reviews. 2006, <b>30</b> (5): 706–733. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16911041"><span title="公共医学识别码">PMID 16911041</span></a>. <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1574-6976.2006.00029.x"><span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.1111/j.1574-6976.2006.00029.x</span></a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="可免费查阅"><img alt="可免费查阅" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9C%89%E6%A9%9F%E9%B9%B5%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9&rft.atitle=TheDesulfitobacteriumgenus&rft.au=Beaudet%2C+R.+%C2%A9J.&rft.au=L%C3%A9pine%2C+F.+%C2%A7O.&rft.au=Lanthier%2C+M.&rft.aufirst=R.&rft.aulast=Villemur&rft.date=2006&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=5&rft.jtitle=FEMS+Microbiology+Reviews&rft.pages=706-733&rft.volume=30&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fj.1574-6976.2006.00029.x&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F16911041&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="書目"><span id=".E6.9B.B8.E7.9B.AE"></span>書目</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%A9%9F%E9%B9%B5%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：書目"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFAnderson_v._Grace1986" class="citation">Anderson v. 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in <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chemicalindustryarchives.org/dirtysecrets/annistonindepth/toxicity.asp">Chemical Industry Archives, Anniston Case</a> <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">互联网档案馆</a>的<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050718082623/http://www.chemicalindustryarchives.org/dirtysecrets/annistonindepth/toxicity.asp">存檔</a>，存档日期2005-07-18., by Environmental Working Group, Washington, DC, 2002</li> <li><cite id="CITEREFScottCogliano2000" class="citation">Scott, C.S., Ed.; Cogliano, V.J., Ed., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060219101344/http://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/docs/2000/suppl-2/toc.html">Trichloroethylene Health Risks--State of the Science</a>, Environmental Health Perspectives, 2000, <b>108</b> (S2): 159–60, <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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href="http://ehp.niehs.nih.gov/docs/2000/suppl-2/toc.html">原始内容</a>存档于2006-02-19）</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9C%89%E6%A9%9F%E9%B9%B5%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9&rft.atitle=Trichloroethylene+Health+Risks--State+of+the+Science&rft.au=Cogliano%2C+V.J.%2C+Ed.&rft.aufirst=C.S.%2C+Ed.&rft.aulast=Scott&rft.date=2000&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=S2&rft.jtitle=Environmental+Health+Perspectives&rft.pages=159-60&rft.volume=108&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC1637768&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fehp.niehs.nih.gov%2Fdocs%2F2000%2Fsuppl-2%2Ftoc.html&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1289%2Fehp.00108s2159&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F10928830&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFTeleky1927" class="citation">Teleky, L., <i>Die pernakrankheit</i>, Klinische Wochenschrift (Berlin: Springer), 1927,, Jahrgänge 6: 845, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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href="http://www.nap.edu/catalog/11707/assessing-the-human-health-risks-of-trichloroethylene-key-scientific-issues">Assessing the Human Health Risks of Trichloroethylene</a>, 2004 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2023-11-27</span>]</span>, （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220304180611/https://www.nap.edu/catalog/11707/assessing-the-human-health-risks-of-trichloroethylene-key-scientific-issues">存档</a>于2022-03-04）</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9C%89%E6%A9%9F%E9%B9%B5%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9&rft.aufirst=Current+Projects+System&rft.aulast=U.S.+National+Academies+of+Science&rft.btitle=Assessing+the+Human+Health+Risks+of+Trichloroethylene&rft.date=2004&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nap.edu%2Fcatalog%2F11707%2Fassessing-the-human-health-risks-of-trichloroethylene-key-scientific-issues&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFUnited_States2004" class="citation">United States, Environmental Protection Agency, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0199.htm#refinhal">Integrated Risk Information System, Trichloroethylene (CASRN 79-01-6)</a>, 2004 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2023-11-27</span>]</span>, （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150907192500/http://www.epa.gov/iris/subst/0199.htm#refinhal">存档</a>于2015-09-07）</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9C%89%E6%A9%9F%E9%B9%B5%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9&rft.aufirst=Environmental+Protection+Agency&rft.aulast=United+States&rft.btitle=Integrated+Risk+Information+System%2C+Trichloroethylene+%28CASRN+79-01-6%29&rft.date=2004&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.epa.gov%2Firis%2Fsubst%2F0199.htm%23refinhal&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFUnited_States2010" class="citation">United States, Environmental Protection Agency, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://epa.gov/oppt/pfoa/pubs/stewardship/index.html">PFOA Stewardship Program (begun in 2006)</a>, 2010 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2023-11-27</span>]</span>, （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150923091043/http://www.epa.gov/oppt/pfoa/pubs/stewardship/index.html">存档</a>于2015-09-23）</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%9C%89%E6%A9%9F%E9%B9%B5%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9&rft.aufirst=Environmental+Protection+Agency&rft.aulast=United+States&rft.btitle=PFOA+Stewardship+Program+%28begun+in+2006%29&rft.date=2010&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fepa.gov%2Foppt%2Fpfoa%2Fpubs%2Fstewardship%2Findex.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部連結"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.80.A3.E7.B5.90"></span>外部連結</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%A9%9F%E9%B9%B5%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：外部連結"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90" title="维基共享资源">维基共享资源</a>上的相關多媒體資源：<a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Organohalides" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Organohalides">有機鹵化物</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em;width:auto;padding-left:0.2em;position:absolute;left:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox .mw-collapsible-toggle{margin-left:0.5em;position:absolute;right:1em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="全球变暖" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84244141">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:110%;margin:0 8em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:110%;margin:0 5em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E5%8F%98%E6%9A%96" title="Template:全球变暖"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E5%8F%98%E6%9A%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:全球变暖（页面不存在）"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E5%8F%98%E6%9A%96" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:全球变暖"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="全球变暖" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E5%8F%98%E6%9A%96" title="全球变暖">全球变暖</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2" style=";"><div id="纵览" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em">纵览</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%91%E6%9C%9F%E6%B0%A3%E5%80%99%E8%AE%8A%E5%8C%96%E7%9A%84%E6%AD%B8%E5%9B%A0" title="近期氣候變化的歸因">近期氣候變化的歸因</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%94%E5%80%99%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="气候系统">气候系统</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E5%8F%98%E6%9A%96%E7%9A%84%E6%95%88%E5%BA%94" title="全球变暖的效应">全球变暖的效应</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="减缓气候变化" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Climate change mitigation"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%87%8F%E7%BC%93%E6%B0%94%E5%80%99%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="减缓气候变化（页面不存在）">减缓气候变化</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change_mitigation" class="extiw" title="en:Climate change mitigation"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Climate change mitigation</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="适应气候变化" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Climate change adaptation"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%80%82%E5%BA%94%E6%B0%94%E5%80%99%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="适应气候变化（页面不存在）">适应气候变化</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change_adaptation" class="extiw" title="en:Climate change adaptation"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Climate change adaptation</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Category:各国各地区气候变化" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Category:Climate change by country and region"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Category:%E5%90%84%E5%9B%BD%E5%90%84%E5%9C%B0%E5%8C%BA%E6%B0%94%E5%80%99%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Category:各国各地区气候变化（页面不存在）">各国各地区</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Climate_change_by_country_and_region" class="extiw" title="en:Category:Climate change by country and region"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Category:Climate change by country and region</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2" style=";"><div id="起因" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em">起因</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">概况</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%91%E6%9C%9F%E6%B0%A3%E5%80%99%E8%AE%8A%E5%8C%96%E7%9A%84%E6%AD%B8%E5%9B%A0" title="近期氣候變化的歸因">近期氣候變化的歸因</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%A9%E5%AE%A4%E6%95%88%E5%BA%94" title="温室效应">温室效应</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8E%E6%B0%94%E5%80%99%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96%E7%9A%84%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E5%85%B1%E8%AF%86" title="关于气候变化的科学共识">关于气候变化的科学观点</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">来源</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%A9%E5%AE%A4%E6%B0%94%E4%BD%93" title="温室气体">温室气体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E7%9F%B3%E7%87%83%E6%96%99" title="化石燃料">化石燃料</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="森林砍伐与气候变化" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Deforestation and climate change"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E6%A3%AE%E6%9E%97%E7%A0%8D%E4%BC%90%E8%88%87%E6%B0%A3%E5%80%99%E8%AE%8A%E5%8C%96" title="森林砍伐與氣候變化">森林砍伐</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deforestation_and_climate_change" class="extiw" title="en:Deforestation and climate change"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Deforestation and climate change</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="土地利用，土地利用变化与林业" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Land use, land-use change, and forestry"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%9F%E5%9C%B0%E5%88%A9%E7%94%A8%EF%BC%8C%E5%9C%9F%E5%9C%B0%E5%88%A9%E7%94%A8%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96%E4%B8%8E%E6%9E%97%E4%B8%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="土地利用，土地利用变化与林业（页面不存在）">土地利用，土地利用变化与林业</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land_use,_land-use_change,_and_forestry" class="extiw" title="en:Land use, land-use change, and forestry"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Land use, land-use change, and forestry</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2" style=";"><div id="历史" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em">历史</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="气候变化科学史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of climate change science"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A3%E5%80%99%E8%AE%8A%E5%8C%96%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8%E5%8F%B2" title="氣候變化科學史">气候变化科学史</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_climate_change_science" class="extiw" title="en:History of climate change science"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of climate change science</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E4%B8%87%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E5%A5%A5%E5%8F%A4%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E4%BC%A6%E5%B0%BC%E4%B9%8C%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="斯万特·奥古斯特·阿伦尼乌斯">斯万特·奥古斯特·阿伦尼乌斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A9%B9%E5%A7%86%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E6%BC%A2%E6%A3%AE" title="詹姆斯·漢森">詹姆斯·漢森</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%A5%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%A4%A7%E5%8D%AB%C2%B7%E5%9F%BA%E6%9E%97" title="查尔斯·大卫·基林">查尔斯·大卫·基林</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E9%96%93%E6%B0%A3%E5%80%99%E8%AE%8A%E5%8C%96%E5%B0%88%E9%96%80%E5%A7%94%E5%93%A1%E6%9C%83" title="政府間氣候變化專門委員會">政府间气候变化专门委员会（IPCC）</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2" style=";"><div id="影响与议题" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E5%8F%98%E6%9A%96%E7%9A%84%E6%95%88%E5%BA%94" title="全球变暖的效应">影响与议题</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">物理</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A3%E5%80%99%E7%AA%81%E8%AE%8A" title="氣候突變">氣候突變</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BC%BA%E6%B0%A7%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="缺氧事件">缺氧事件</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%A5%B5%E7%94%B2%E7%83%B7%E9%87%8B%E5%87%BA" title="北極甲烷釋出">北極甲烷釋出</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B2%E6%97%B1" title="干旱">干旱</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E6%B4%8B%E9%85%B8%E5%8C%96" title="海洋酸化">海洋酸化</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AD%E6%B0%A7%E5%B1%82%E7%A9%BA%E6%B4%9E" title="臭氧层空洞">臭氧层空洞</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="气候变化的物理影响" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Physical impacts of climate change"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%94%E5%80%99%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96%E7%9A%84%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%BD%B1%E5%93%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="气候变化的物理影响（页面不存在）">物理影响</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_impacts_of_climate_change" class="extiw" title="en:Physical impacts of climate change"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Physical impacts of climate change</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="自1850年以来的冰川融解" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Retreat of glaciers since 1850"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA1850%E5%B9%B4%E4%BB%A5%E6%9D%A5%E7%9A%84%E5%86%B0%E5%B7%9D%E8%9E%8D%E8%A7%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="自1850年以来的冰川融解（页面不存在）">自1850年以来的冰川融解</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retreat_of_glaciers_since_1850" class="extiw" title="en:Retreat of glaciers since 1850"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Retreat of glaciers since 1850</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%94%E5%80%99%E4%B8%B4%E7%95%8C%E7%82%B9" title="气候临界点">气候临界点</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%B9%B3%E9%9D%A2%E4%B8%8A%E5%8D%87" title="海平面上升">海平面上升</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="季节蠕变" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Season creep"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AD%A3%E8%8A%82%E8%A0%95%E5%8F%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="季节蠕变（页面不存在）">季节蠕变</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Season_creep" class="extiw" title="en:Season creep"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Season creep</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="温盐环流停止" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Shutdown of thermohaline circulation"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B8%A9%E7%9B%90%E7%8E%AF%E6%B5%81%E5%81%9C%E6%AD%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="温盐环流停止（页面不存在）">温盐环流停止</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shutdown_of_thermohaline_circulation" class="extiw" title="en:Shutdown of thermohaline circulation"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Shutdown of thermohaline circulation</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">动植物</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="气候变化与生态系统" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Climate change and ecosystems"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%94%E5%80%99%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96%E4%B8%8E%E7%94%9F%E6%80%81%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="气候变化与生态系统（页面不存在）">气候变化与生态系统</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change_and_ecosystems" class="extiw" title="en:Climate change and ecosystems"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Climate change and ecosystems</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="气候变化对植物多样性的影响" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Effects of climate change on plant biodiversity"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A3%E5%80%99%E8%AE%8A%E5%8C%96%E5%B0%8D%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E5%A4%9A%E6%A8%A3%E6%80%A7%E7%9A%84%E5%BD%B1%E9%9F%BF" title="氣候變化對植物多樣性的影響">对植物多样性的影响</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effects_of_climate_change_on_plant_biodiversity" class="extiw" title="en:Effects of climate change on plant biodiversity"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Effects of climate change on plant biodiversity</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="人类对海洋生物的影响" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Human impact on marine life"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E9%A1%9E%E5%B0%8D%E6%B5%B7%E6%B4%8B%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E7%9A%84%E5%BD%B1%E9%9F%BF" title="人類對海洋生物的影響">对海洋生物的影响</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_impact_on_marine_life" class="extiw" title="en:Human impact on marine life"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Human impact on marine life</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="全球变暖对海洋哺乳动物的影响" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Effects of global warming on marine mammals"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E5%8F%98%E6%9A%96%E5%AF%B9%E6%B5%B7%E6%B4%8B%E5%93%BA%E4%B9%B3%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9%E7%9A%84%E5%BD%B1%E5%93%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="全球变暖对海洋哺乳动物的影响（页面不存在）">对海洋哺乳动物的影响</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effects_of_global_warming_on_marine_mammals" class="extiw" title="en:Effects of global warming on marine mammals"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Effects of global warming on marine mammals</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="气候变化对陆生动物的影响" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Effects of climate change on terrestrial animals"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%94%E5%80%99%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96%E5%AF%B9%E9%99%86%E7%94%9F%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9%E7%9A%84%E5%BD%B1%E5%93%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="气候变化对陆生动物的影响（页面不存在）">对陆生动物的影响</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effects_of_climate_change_on_terrestrial_animals" class="extiw" title="en:Effects of climate change on terrestrial animals"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Effects of climate change on terrestrial animals</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="全球变暖带来的物种灭绝风险" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Extinction risk from global warming"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E5%8F%98%E6%9A%96%E5%B8%A6%E6%9D%A5%E7%9A%84%E7%89%A9%E7%A7%8D%E7%81%AD%E7%BB%9D%E9%A3%8E%E9%99%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="全球变暖带来的物种灭绝风险（页面不存在）">物种灭绝风险</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extinction_risk_from_global_warming" class="extiw" title="en:Extinction risk from global warming"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Extinction risk from global warming</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="森林枯死" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Forest dieback"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A3%AE%E6%9E%97%E6%9E%AF%E6%AD%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="森林枯死（页面不存在）">森林枯死</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forest_dieback" class="extiw" title="en:Forest dieback"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Forest dieback</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">社会</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="气候变化与农业" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Climate change and agriculture"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%94%E5%80%99%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96%E4%B8%8E%E5%86%9C%E4%B8%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="气候变化与农业（页面不存在）">农业问题</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change_and_agriculture" class="extiw" title="en:Climate change and agriculture"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Climate change and agriculture</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A3%E5%80%99%E8%AE%8A%E5%8C%96%E8%88%87%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8" title="氣候變化與食品安全">食安問題</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="气候变化与生态系统" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Climate change and ecosystems"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%94%E5%80%99%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96%E4%B8%8E%E7%94%9F%E6%80%81%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="气候变化与生态系统（页面不存在）">生态问题</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change_and_ecosystems" class="extiw" title="en:Climate change and ecosystems"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Climate change and ecosystems</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="气候变化与性别" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Climate change and gender"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A3%E5%80%99%E8%AE%8A%E5%8C%96%E8%88%87%E6%80%A7%E5%88%A5" title="氣候變化與性別">性别问题</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change_and_gender" class="extiw" title="en:Climate change and gender"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Climate change and gender</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="气候变化与贫困" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Climate change and poverty"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A3%E5%80%99%E8%AE%8A%E5%8C%96%E8%88%87%E8%B2%A7%E5%9B%B0" title="氣候變化與貧困">贫困问题</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change_and_poverty" class="extiw" title="en:Climate change and poverty"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Climate change and poverty</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="全球变暖经济学" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Economics of global warming"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E5%8F%98%E6%9A%96%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="全球变暖经济学（页面不存在）">全球变暖经济学</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Economics_of_global_warming" class="extiw" title="en:Economics of global warming"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Economics of global warming</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="全球变暖对人类健康的影响" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Effects of global warming on human health"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E5%8F%98%E6%9A%96%E5%AF%B9%E4%BA%BA%E7%B1%BB%E5%81%A5%E5%BA%B7%E7%9A%84%E5%BD%B1%E5%93%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="全球变暖对人类健康的影响（页面不存在）">对健康的影响</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effects_of_global_warming_on_human_health" class="extiw" title="en:Effects of global warming on human health"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Effects of global warming on human health</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="全球变暖对人类的影响" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Effects of global warming on humans"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E5%8F%98%E6%9A%96%E5%AF%B9%E4%BA%BA%E7%B1%BB%E7%9A%84%E5%BD%B1%E5%93%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="全球变暖对人类的影响（页面不存在）">对人类的影响</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effects_of_global_warming_on_humans" class="extiw" title="en:Effects of global warming on humans"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Effects of global warming on humans</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%92%B0%E5%A2%83%E9%9B%A3%E6%B0%91" title="環境難民">環境難民</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A3%E5%80%99%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8" title="氣候安全">氣候安全</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="渔业与气候变化" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Fisheries and climate change"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B8%94%E4%B8%9A%E4%B8%8E%E6%B0%94%E5%80%99%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="渔业与气候变化（页面不存在）">渔业问题</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fisheries_and_climate_change" class="extiw" title="en:Fisheries and climate change"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Fisheries and climate change</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="气候变化，工业与社会" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Climate change, industry and society"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%94%E5%80%99%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96%EF%BC%8C%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%9A%E4%B8%8E%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="气候变化，工业与社会（页面不存在）">工业与社会</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change,_industry_and_society" class="extiw" title="en:Climate change, industry and society"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Climate change, industry and society</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">国家或地区</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E6%9A%96%E5%8C%96%E5%9C%A8%E5%8C%97%E6%9E%81%E7%9A%84%E5%BD%B1%E5%93%8D" title="全球暖化在北极的影响">北极地区</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="澳大利亚的气候变化" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Climate change in Australia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BE%B3%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A%E7%9A%84%E6%B0%94%E5%80%99%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="澳大利亚的气候变化（页面不存在）">澳大利亚</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change_in_Australia" class="extiw" title="en:Climate change in Australia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Climate change in Australia</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="全球变暖对南亚的影响" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Effects of global warming on South Asia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E5%8F%98%E6%9A%96%E5%AF%B9%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%9A%E7%9A%84%E5%BD%B1%E5%93%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="全球变暖对南亚的影响（页面不存在）">南亚地区</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effects_of_global_warming_on_South_Asia" class="extiw" title="en:Effects of global warming on South Asia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Effects of global warming on South Asia</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="尼泊尔对气候变化的适应" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Climate change adaptation in Nepal"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%BC%E6%B3%8A%E5%B0%94%E5%AF%B9%E6%B0%94%E5%80%99%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96%E7%9A%84%E9%80%82%E5%BA%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="尼泊尔对气候变化的适应（页面不存在）">尼泊尔</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change_adaptation_in_Nepal" class="extiw" title="en:Climate change adaptation in Nepal"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Climate change adaptation in Nepal</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2" style=";"><div id="社会与气候变化" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em">社会与气候变化</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">普遍观点</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="全球变暖政治学" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Politics of global warming"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E5%8F%98%E6%9A%96%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="全球变暖政治学（页面不存在）">全球变暖政治学</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politics_of_global_warming" class="extiw" title="en:Politics of global warming"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Politics of global warming</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="公众对全球变暖的观点" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Public opinion on global warming"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%AC%E4%BC%97%E5%AF%B9%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E5%8F%98%E6%9A%96%E7%9A%84%E8%A7%82%E7%82%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="公众对全球变暖的观点（页面不存在）">公众观点</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_opinion_on_global_warming" class="extiw" title="en:Public opinion on global warming"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Public opinion on global warming</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="各国对气候变化的观点" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Climate change opinion by country"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%90%84%E5%9B%BD%E5%AF%B9%E6%B0%94%E5%80%99%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96%E7%9A%84%E8%A7%82%E7%82%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="各国对气候变化的观点（页面不存在）">各国态度</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change_opinion_by_country" class="extiw" title="en:Climate change opinion by country"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Climate change opinion by country</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E6%9A%96%E5%8C%96%E5%90%A6%E5%AE%9A%E8%AA%AA" title="全球暖化否定說">否定论</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="柔性全球暖化否定说" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Soft climate change denial"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9F%94%E6%80%A7%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E6%9A%96%E5%8C%96%E5%90%A6%E5%AE%9A%E8%AF%B4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="柔性全球暖化否定说（页面不存在）">柔性否定论</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soft_climate_change_denial" class="extiw" title="en:Soft climate change denial"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Soft climate change denial</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="气候运动" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Climate movement"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%94%E5%80%99%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="气候运动（页面不存在）">气候运动</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_movement" class="extiw" title="en:Climate movement"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Climate movement</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="媒体对全球变暖的报道" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Media coverage of global warming"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AA%92%E4%BD%93%E5%AF%B9%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E5%8F%98%E6%9A%96%E7%9A%84%E6%8A%A5%E9%81%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="媒体对全球变暖的报道（页面不存在）">媒体报道</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Media_coverage_of_global_warming" class="extiw" title="en:Media coverage of global warming"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Media coverage of global warming</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="流行文化中的全球变暖" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Global warming in popular culture"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%81%E8%A1%8C%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E4%B8%AD%E7%9A%84%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E5%8F%98%E6%9A%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="流行文化中的全球变暖（页面不存在）">流行文化</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_warming_in_popular_culture" class="extiw" title="en:Global warming in popular culture"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Global warming in popular culture</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%94%E5%80%99%E5%A4%A7%E7%BD%A2%E8%AF%BE" title="气候大罢课">气候大罢课</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%92%B0%E5%A2%83%E5%80%AB%E7%90%86" title="環境倫理">環境倫理</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">国际协定</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E5%9B%BD%E6%B0%94%E5%80%99%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96%E6%A1%86%E6%9E%B6%E5%85%AC%E7%BA%A6" title="联合国气候变化框架公约">联合国气候变化框架公约</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%AC%E9%83%BD%E8%AE%AE%E5%AE%9A%E4%B9%A6" title="京都议定书">京都议定书</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E9%BB%8E%E5%8D%94%E5%AE%9A" title="巴黎協定">巴黎協定</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2" style=";"><div id="减缓方案（英语：-&#123;Climate_change_mitigation&#125;-）" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="减缓气候变化" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Climate change mitigation"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%87%8F%E7%BC%93%E6%B0%94%E5%80%99%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="减缓气候变化（页面不存在）">减缓方案</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change_mitigation" class="extiw" title="en:Climate change mitigation"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Climate change mitigation</span></a></span>）</span></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">经济</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3%E7%A8%8E" title="碳税">碳税</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%8E%E7%A2%B3%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="低碳經濟">低碳經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8E%92%E6%94%BE%E6%9D%83%E4%BA%A4%E6%98%93" title="排放权交易">排放权交易</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3%E4%BF%A1%E7%94%A8" title="碳信用">碳信用</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="碳补偿" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Carbon offset"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A2%B3%E8%A1%A5%E5%81%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="碳补偿（页面不存在）">碳补偿</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_offset" class="extiw" title="en:Carbon offset"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Carbon offset</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">能源</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%AF%E6%8C%81%E7%BA%8C%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90" title="可持續能源">可持續能源</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="低碳电力" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Low-carbon power"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%8E%E7%A2%B3%E9%9B%BB%E5%8A%9B" title="低碳電力">低碳电力</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Low-carbon_power" class="extiw" title="en:Low-carbon power"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Low-carbon power</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%AF%E5%86%8D%E7%94%9F%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90" title="可再生能源">可再生能源</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E5%8B%95%E5%8A%9B" title="核動力">核動力</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3%E6%8D%95%E9%9B%86%E4%B8%8E%E5%B0%81%E5%AD%98" title="碳捕集与封存">碳捕集与封存</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%BD%E9%87%8F%E8%BF%87%E6%B8%A1%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92" title="能量过渡计划">能量过渡计划</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">个人</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="应对气候变化的个人行动" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Individual action on climate change"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BA%94%E5%AF%B9%E6%B0%94%E5%80%99%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96%E7%9A%84%E4%B8%AA%E4%BA%BA%E8%A1%8C%E5%8A%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="应对气候变化的个人行动（页面不存在）">应对气候变化的个人行动</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Individual_action_on_climate_change" class="extiw" title="en:Individual action on climate change"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Individual action on climate change</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3%E4%B8%AD%E5%92%8C" title="碳中和">碳中和</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">其他</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%A2%B3%E7%A7%BB%E9%99%A4" title="二氧化碳移除">二氧化碳移除</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="缓解气候变化的设想" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Climate change mitigation scenarios"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BC%93%E8%A7%A3%E6%B0%94%E5%80%99%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%BE%E6%83%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="缓解气候变化的设想（页面不存在）">缓解气候变化的设想</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change_mitigation_scenarios" class="extiw" title="en:Climate change mitigation scenarios"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Climate change mitigation scenarios</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%86%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%AD%A6" title="地理工程学">气候工程</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="减少毁林及森林退化造成的排放" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%87%8F%E5%B0%91%E6%AF%81%E6%9E%97%E5%8F%8A%E6%A3%AE%E6%9E%97%E9%80%80%E5%8C%96%E9%80%A0%E6%88%90%E7%9A%84%E6%8E%92%E6%94%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="减少毁林及森林退化造成的排放（页面不存在）">减少毁林及森林退化造成的排放</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reducing_emissions_from_deforestation_and_forest_degradation" class="extiw" title="en:Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%97%E5%9C%B0%E5%BE%A9%E8%82%B2" title="林地復育">林地復育</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%84%E5%BF%83%E5%A3%AF%E5%BF%97%E8%81%AF%E7%9B%9F" title="雄心壯志聯盟">雄心壯志聯盟</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2" style=";"><div id="背景和理论" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em">背景和理论</div></th></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">测量</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="卫星温度测量" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Satellite temperature measurements"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F%E6%B8%A9%E5%BA%A6%E6%B5%8B%E9%87%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="卫星温度测量（页面不存在）">卫星温度测量</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Satellite_temperature_measurements" class="extiw" title="en:Satellite temperature measurements"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Satellite temperature measurements</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">理论</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E7%85%A7%E7%8E%87" title="反照率">反照率</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3%E5%8C%AF" title="碳匯">碳匯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A3%E5%80%99%E8%AE%8A%E7%8E%87%E8%88%87%E8%AE%8A%E5%8C%96" title="氣候變率與變化">氣候變化</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="气候敏感性" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Climate sensitivity"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%94%E5%80%99%E6%95%8F%E6%84%9F%E6%80%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="气候敏感性（页面不存在）">气候敏感性</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_sensitivity" class="extiw" title="en:Climate sensitivity"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Climate sensitivity</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="云压" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Cloud forcing"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%91%E5%8E%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="云压（页面不存在）">云压</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_forcing" class="extiw" title="en:Cloud forcing"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Cloud forcing</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="气候变化的反馈" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Climate change feedback"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%94%E5%80%99%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96%E7%9A%84%E5%8F%8D%E9%A6%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="气候变化的反馈（页面不存在）">气候变化的反馈</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_change_feedback" class="extiw" title="en:Climate change feedback"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Climate change feedback</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%95%88%E6%BA%AB%E5%BA%A6" title="有效溫度">有效溫度</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E8%83%BD%E9%87%8F%E6%94%B6%E6%94%AF" title="地球能量收支">地球能量收支</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E6%9A%96%E5%8C%96%E6%BD%9B%E5%8B%A2" title="全球暖化潛勢">全球暖化潛勢</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BC%BB%E5%B0%84%E9%A9%85%E5%8B%95%E5%8A%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="輻射驅動力">輻射驅動力</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:5em">研究</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E6%B0%A3%E5%80%99%E5%AD%B8" title="古氣候學">古氣候學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E9%A3%8E%E6%9A%B4%E5%AD%A6" title="古风暴学">古风暴学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%94%E5%80%99%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B" title="气候模型">气候模型</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="列表级条目"><img alt="列表级条目" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="气候变化词汇" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Glossary of climate change"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%94%E5%80%99%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96%E8%AF%8D%E6%B1%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="气候变化词汇（页面不存在）">词汇</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_climate_change" class="extiw" title="en:Glossary of climate change"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Glossary of climate change</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="列表级条目"><img alt="列表级条目" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/16px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/23px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Symbol_list_class.svg/31px-Symbol_list_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="气候变化条目索引" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Index of climate change articles"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%94%E5%80%99%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE%E7%B4%A2%E5%BC%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="气候变化条目索引（页面不存在）">索引</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_of_climate_change_articles" class="extiw" title="en:Index of climate change articles"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Index of climate change articles</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="分类"><img alt="分类" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:%E6%B0%94%E5%80%99%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96" title="Category:气候变化">气候变化</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="分类"><img alt="分类" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E6%9A%96%E5%8C%96" title="Category:全球暖化">全球暖化</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="主题"><img alt="主题" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Portal:全球暖化" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Portal:Global warming"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Portal:%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E6%9A%96%E5%8C%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Portal:全球暖化（页面不存在）">专题</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portal:Global_warming" class="extiw" title="en:Portal:Global warming"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Portal:Global warming</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="元素周期表中与碳成键所形成的化合物" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%90%AB%E7%A2%B3%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="Template:含碳化合物"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E5%90%AB%E7%A2%B3%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="Template talk:含碳化合物"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E5%90%AB%E7%A2%B3%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:含碳化合物"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="元素周期表中与碳成键所形成的化合物" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em">元素周期表中与<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3" title="碳">碳</a>成键所形成的化合物</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd wikitable" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <table cellpadding="3" style="margin:0 auto"> <tbody><tr> <td style="background-color:#99bbff"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3-%E6%B0%A2%E9%94%AE" title="碳-氢键">CH</a> </td> <td colspan="1" style="border:none"> </td> <td colspan="11" style="border:none" rowspan="3"> </td> <td colspan="5" style="border:none"> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFE4E1">He </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#99bbff"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%94%82%E8%AF%95%E5%89%82" title="有机锂试剂">CLi</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F0DC82"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%93%8D%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="有机铍化学">CBe</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#99bbff"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E7%A1%BC%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="有机硼化合物">CB</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#99bbff"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3-%E7%A2%B3%E9%94%AE" title="碳-碳键">CC</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#99bbff"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3-%E6%B0%AE%E9%94%AE" title="碳-氮键">CN</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#99bbff"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3-%E6%B0%A7%E9%94%AE" title="碳-氧键">CO</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#99bbff"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E6%B0%9F%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="有机氟化学">CF</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFE4E1">Ne </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#98FF98"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%92%A0%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="有机钠化学">CNa</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#99bbff"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%95%81%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="有机镁化学">CMg</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#98FF98"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%93%9D%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="有机铝化合物">CAl</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#99bbff"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E7%A1%85%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="有机硅化学">CSi</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#99bbff"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E7%A3%B7%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="有机磷化合物">CP</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#99bbff"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="有机硫化学">CS</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#99bbff"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E6%B0%AF%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="有机氯化合物">CCl</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F0DC82"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E6%B0%A9%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有机氩化学（页面不存在）">CAr</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#F0DC82"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%92%BE%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="有机钾化学">CK</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F0DC82"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%92%99%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="有机钙化学">CCa</a> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background-color:#F0DC82"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%92%AA%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有机钪化学（页面不存在）">CSc</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#98FF98"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%92%9B%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有机钛化学（页面不存在）">CTi</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#98FF98"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%92%92%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有机钒化学（页面不存在）">CV</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#98FF98"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%93%AC%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有机铬化学（页面不存在）">CCr</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#98FF98"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%94%B0%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有机锰化学（页面不存在）">CMn</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#98FF98"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%93%81%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有机铁化学（页面不存在）">CFe</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#98FF98"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%92%B4%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有机钴化学（页面不存在）">CCo</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#98FF98"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%95%8D%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="有机镍化学">CNi</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#98FF98"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%A9%9F%E9%8A%85%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="有機銅化合物">CCu</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#98FF98"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%94%8C%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="有机锌化合物">CZn</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F0DC82"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%95%93%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="有机镓化学">CGa</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F0DC82"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%94%97%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="有机锗化学">CGe</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#98FF98"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E7%A0%B7%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="有机砷化学">CAs</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#98FF98"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E7%A1%92%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="有机硒化合物">CSe</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#99bbff"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E6%BA%B4%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="有机溴化合物">CBr</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F0DC82"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E6%B0%AA%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有机氪化学（页面不存在）">CKr</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#F0DC82"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%93%B7%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="有机铷化学">CRb</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F0DC82"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%94%B6%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="有机锶化学">CSr</a> </td> <td> </td> <td style="background-color:#F0DC82"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%92%87%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="有机钇化学">CY</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#98FF98"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%94%86%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有机锆化学（页面不存在）">CZr</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F0DC82"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%93%8C%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有机铌化学（页面不存在）">CNb</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#98FF98"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%92%BC%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="有机钼化学">CMo</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F0DC82"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%94%9D%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="有机锝化合物">CTc</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#98FF98"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%92%8C%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有机钌化学（页面不存在）">CRu</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#98FF98"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%93%91%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有机铑化学（页面不存在）">CRh</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#99bbff"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%92%AF%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="有机钯化学">CPd</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F0DC82"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%93%B6%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="有机银化合物">CAg</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F0DC82"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%95%89%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="有机镉化合物">CCd</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F0DC82"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%93%9F%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="有机铟化学">CIn</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#98FF98"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%94%A1%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="有机锡化学">CSn</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F0DC82"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%94%91%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="有机锑化学">CSb</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F0DC82"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E7%A2%B2%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="有机碲化合物">CTe</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#99bbff"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E7%A2%98%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="有机碘化合物">CI</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F0DC82"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E6%B0%99%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="有机氙化合物">CXe</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="background-color:#F0DC82"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%93%AF%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="有机铯化学">CCs</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F0DC82"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%92%A1%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="有机钡化学">CBa</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle; background:white"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="1 asterisk" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Asterisks_one.svg/16px-Asterisks_one.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Asterisks_one.svg/24px-Asterisks_one.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Asterisks_one.svg/32px-Asterisks_one.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="106" data-file-height="98" /></span></span> </td> <td style="background-color:#F0DC82"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%95%A5%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有机镥化学（页面不存在）">CLu</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F0DC82"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%93%AA%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有机铪化学（页面不存在）">CHf</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F0DC82"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%92%BD%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有机钽化学（页面不存在）">CTa</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F0DC82"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%92%A8%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有机钨化学（页面不存在）">CW</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F0DC82"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%93%BC%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有机铼化学（页面不存在）">CRe</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F0DC82"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%94%87%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有机锇化学（页面不存在）">COs</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F0DC82"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%93%B1%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有机铱化学（页面不存在）">CIr</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F0DC82"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%93%82%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有机铂化学（页面不存在）">CPt</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F0DC82"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%87%91%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="有机金化学">CAu</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#98FF98"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E6%B1%9E%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="有机汞化合物">CHg</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F0DC82"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%93%8A%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="有机铊化学">CTl</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#98FF98"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%93%85%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="有机铅化合物">CPb</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F0DC82"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%93%8B%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="有机铋化学">CBi</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F0DC82"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%92%8B%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="有机钋化学">CPo</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F0DC82"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E7%A0%B9%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="有机砹化学">CAt</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#FFE4E1">Rn </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFE4E1"> <td style="background-color:#FFE4E1">Fr </td> <td style="background-color:#F0DC82"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%95%AD%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有机镭化学（页面不存在）">CRa</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle; background:white"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="2 asterisks" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Asterisks_two.svg/16px-Asterisks_two.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Asterisks_two.svg/24px-Asterisks_two.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Asterisks_two.svg/32px-Asterisks_two.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="106" data-file-height="98" /></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%93%B9%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有机铹化学（页面不存在）">Lr</a> </td> <td>Rf </td> <td>Db </td> <td style="background-color:#F0DC82"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%F0%A8%AD%8E%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有机𨭎化学（页面不存在）">CSg</a> </td> <td>Bh </td> <td>Hs </td> <td>Mt </td> <td>Ds </td> <td>Rg </td> <td>Cn </td> <td>Nh </td> <td>Fl </td> <td>Mc </td> <td>Lv </td> <td>Ts </td> <td>Og </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:none; line-height:0.7em;">  </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#F0DC82"> <td colspan="2" style="border:none; background-color:white"> </td> <td style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle; background:white"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="1 asterisk" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Asterisks_one.svg/16px-Asterisks_one.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Asterisks_one.svg/24px-Asterisks_one.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Asterisks_one.svg/32px-Asterisks_one.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="106" data-file-height="98" /></span></span> </td> <td style="background-color:#F0DC82"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%95%A7%E7%B3%BB%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有机镧系化学（页面不存在）">CLa</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%93%88%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有机铈化学（页面不存在）">CCe</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%95%A8%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有机镨化学（页面不存在）">CPr</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%92%95%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有机钕化学（页面不存在）">CNd</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%92%B7%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有机钷化学（页面不存在）">CPm</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%92%90%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有机钐化学（页面不存在）">CSm</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%93%95%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有机铕化学（页面不存在）">CEu</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%92%86%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有机钆化学（页面不存在）">CGd</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%93%BD%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有机铽化学（页面不存在）">CTb</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%95%9D%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有机镝化学（页面不存在）">CDy</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%92%AC%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有机钬化学（页面不存在）">CHo</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%93%92%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有机铒化学（页面不存在）">CEr</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%93%A5%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有机铥化学（页面不存在）">CTm</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%95%B1%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有机镱化学（页面不存在）">CYb</a> </td></tr> <tr style="background-color:#FFE4E1"> <td colspan="2" style="border:none; background-color:white"> </td> <td style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle; background:white;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="2 asterisks" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Asterisks_two.svg/16px-Asterisks_two.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Asterisks_two.svg/24px-Asterisks_two.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Asterisks_two.svg/32px-Asterisks_two.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="106" data-file-height="98" /></span></span> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%94%95%E7%B3%BB%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有机锕系化学（页面不存在）">Ac</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F0DC82"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%92%8D%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有机钍化学（页面不存在）">CTh</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F0DC82"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%95%A4%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有机镤化学（页面不存在）">CPa</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F0DC82"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%93%80%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="有机铀化合物">CU</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F0DC82"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%95%8E%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="有机镎化合物">CNp</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F0DC82"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%92%9A%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有机钚化学（页面不存在）">CPu</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F0DC82"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%95%85%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有机镅化学（页面不存在）">CAm</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F0DC82"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%94%94%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有机锔化学（页面不存在）">CCm</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F0DC82"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%94%AB%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有机锫化学（页面不存在）">CBk</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F0DC82"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%94%8E%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有机锎化学（页面不存在）">CCf</a> </td> <td style="background-color:#F0DC82"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%94%BF%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有机锿化学（页面不存在）">CEs</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%95%84%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有机镄化学（页面不存在）">Fm</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%92%94%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有机钔化学（页面不存在）">Md</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E9%94%98%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="有机锘化学（页面不存在）">No</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">图例</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even wikitable" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><div class="hlist"><ul><li>与碳所成的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E9%94%AE" title="化学键">化学键</a>系</li><li><span style="background:#99bbff; padding:3px;; display:inline-block">有机化学重要研究对象</span></li><li><span style="background:#98FF98; padding:3px;; display:inline-block">有广泛应用的领域</span></li><li><span style="background:#F0DC82; padding:3px;; display:inline-block">仅是学术研究的对象</span></li><li><span style="background:#FFE4E1; padding:3px;; display:inline-block">尚未发现此类键</span></li></ul></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="有机官能团" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%AE%98%E8%83%BD%E5%9B%A2" title="Template:官能团"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E5%AE%98%E8%83%BD%E5%9B%A2" title="Template talk:官能团"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E5%AE%98%E8%83%BD%E5%9B%A2" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:官能团"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="有机官能团" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em">有机<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%98%E8%83%BD%E5%9B%A2" title="官能团">官能团</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">碳氢</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%B7%E7%83%83" title="烷烃">烷烃</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%B7%E5%9F%BA" title="烷基">烷基</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B2%E5%9F%BA" title="甲基">甲基</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%99%E5%9F%BA" title="乙基">乙基</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%99%E5%9F%BA" title="丙基">丙基</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%81%E5%9F%BA" title="丁基">丁基</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%8A%E5%9F%BA" title="戊基">戊基</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%AF%E7%A7%AF%E4%BA%8C%E7%83%AF%E7%83%83" title="累积二烯烃">累积二烯烃</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AF%E7%83%83" title="烯烃">烯烃</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%99%E7%83%AF%E5%9F%BA" title="乙烯基">乙烯基</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%99%E7%83%AF%E5%9F%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="丙烯基（页面不存在）">丙烯基</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AF%E4%B8%99%E5%9F%BA" title="烯丙基">烯丙基</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%82%94%E7%83%83" title="炔烃">炔烃</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%99%E7%82%94%E5%9F%BA" title="乙炔基">乙炔基</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%84%E5%9F%BA" title="苄基">苄基</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E5%AE%BE" title="卡宾">卡宾</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E7%94%B2%E5%9F%BA" title="亚甲基">亚甲基</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A1%E7%94%B2%E5%9F%BA" title="次甲基">次甲基</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%AF%E5%9F%BA" title="苯基">苯基</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">碳氢氧</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">一个氧</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%9F%E5%9F%BA" title="羟基">羟基</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%86%87" title="醇">醇</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%9F%E7%94%B2%E5%9F%BA" title="羟甲基">羟甲基</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%85%9A" title="酚">酚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AF%E9%86%87" title="烯醇">烯醇</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%82%94%E9%86%87" title="炔醇">炔醇</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%86%9A" title="醚">醚</a>与烃氧基 <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%B7%E6%B0%A7%E5%9F%BA" title="烷氧基">烷氧基</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B2%E6%B0%A7%E5%9F%BA" title="甲氧基">甲氧基</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%86%9A#命名" title="醚">烯氧基与芳烃氧基等</a></li> <li>一<a href="/wiki/%F0%AB%AB%87" title="𫫇">氧杂</a>环基与<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%AF%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="环氧化合物">环氧基</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%85%B0%E5%9F%BA" title="酰基">酰基</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%99%E9%85%B0%E5%9F%BA" title="乙酰基">乙酰基</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%99%E7%83%AF%E9%85%B0%E5%9F%BA" title="丙烯酰基">丙烯酰基</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%AF%E7%94%B2%E9%85%B0%E5%9F%BA" title="苯甲酰基">苯甲酰基</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%B0%E5%9F%BA" title="羰基">羰基</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%86%9B" title="醛">醛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%85%AE" title="酮">酮</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AF%E9%85%AE" title="烯酮">烯酮</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%82%94%E9%85%AE" title="炔酮">炔酮</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">两个氧</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%A7%E5%9F%BA" title="羧基">羧基</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%99%E9%85%B0%E6%B0%A7%E5%9F%BA" title="乙酰氧基">乙酰氧基</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%85%AF" title="酯">酯</a></li> <li>二<a href="/wiki/%F0%AB%AB%87" title="𫫇">氧杂</a>环基与<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E7%94%B2%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%A7%E5%9F%BA" title="亞甲二氧基">亞甲二氧基</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E8%BF%87%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9" title="有机过氧化物">有机过氧化物</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%87%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E9%85%AE" title="过氧化酮">过氧化酮</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">三个氧</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%85%B8%E9%85%90" title="酸酐">酸酐</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%87%E6%B0%A7%E9%85%B8" title="过氧酸">过氧酸</a></li> <li>三<a href="/wiki/%F0%AB%AB%87" title="𫫇">氧杂</a>环基</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E9%85%B8%E9%85%AF" title="原酸酯">原酸酯</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">除碳氢氧外<br /><u>仅一种</u>元素</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">氮</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">无氧</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%BA" title="胺">胺</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AF%E8%83%BA" title="烯胺">烯胺</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%81%B6%E6%B0%AE%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9" title="偶氮化物">偶氮化物</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E8%83%BA" title="亚胺">亚胺</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%85%99" title="腙">腙</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%85%88" title="腈">腈</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%8D" title="胍">胍</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%82%E8%85%88" title="异腈">异腈</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%8C%E5%95%B6" title="哌啶">哌啶</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%A1%E5%95%B6" title="吡啶">吡啶</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">有氧</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B0%E9%85%B8%E7%9B%90" title="氰酸盐">氰酸酯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BF%E7%B4%A0" title="尿素">尿素</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%82%9F" title="肟">肟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%9F%E8%83%BA" title="羟胺">羟胺</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%85%B0%E8%83%BA" title="酰胺">酰胺</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%85%B0%E4%BA%9A%E8%83%BA" title="酰亚胺">酰亚胺</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%82%E6%B0%B0%E9%85%B8%E9%85%AF" title="异氰酸酯">异氰酸酯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E5%9F%BA%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="硝基化合物">硝基化合物</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E7%A1%9D%E5%9F%BA%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="亚硝基化合物">亚硝基化合物</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">磷</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%86%A6%E9%85%B8%E9%85%AF" title="膦酸酯">膦酸酯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E8%86%A6%E9%85%B8%E4%BA%8C%E9%85%AF" title="亞膦酸二酯">亞膦酸二酯</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">硫</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">二价</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%86%9A" title="硫醚">硫醚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%99%E7%A1%AB%E9%8D%B5" title="雙硫鍵">二硫醚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%86%87" title="硫醇">硫醇</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%AF" title="硫酯">硫酯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E8%84%B2" title="硫脲">硫脲</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E4%BB%A3%E7%BE%A7%E9%85%B8" title="硫代羧酸">硫代羧酸</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">四价</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E7%A0%9C" title="亚砜">亚砜</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%85%AF" title="亞硫酸酯">亞硫酸酯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E7%A3%BA%E9%85%B8" title="亚磺酸">亚磺酸</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A1%E7%A3%BA%E9%85%B8" title="次磺酸">次磺酸</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">六价</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%9C" title="砜">砜</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%BA%E9%85%B8" title="磺酸">磺酸</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E9%85%AF" title="硫酸酯">硫酸酯</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">硒</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%92%E9%86%87" title="硒醇">硒醇</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%92%E9%85%B8%E9%85%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="硒酸酯（页面不存在）">硒酸酯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%92%E9%85%AE" title="硒酮">硒酮</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E6%AC%A1%E7%A1%92%E9%85%B8" title="有机次硒酸">次硒酸</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E4%BA%9A%E7%A1%92%E9%85%B8" title="有机亚硒酸">亚硒酸</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E7%A1%92%E9%85%B8" title="有机硒酸">硒酸</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">碲</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B2%E9%86%87" title="碲醇">碲醇</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B2%E9%85%AE" title="碲酮">碲酮</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">卤素</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A4%E4%BB%A3%E7%83%B7%E7%83%83" title="卤代烷烃">卤代烷烃</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他情况</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%82%E7%A1%AB%E6%B0%B0%E9%85%B8%E9%85%AF" title="异硫氰酸酯">异硫氰酸酯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E6%B0%B0%E9%85%B8%E9%85%AF" title="硫氰酸酯">硫氰酸酯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%92%E6%B0%B0%E9%85%B8%E9%85%AF" title="硒氰酸酯">硒氰酸酯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E7%A1%BC%E9%85%B8" title="有机硼酸">硼酸</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%BC%E9%85%B8%E9%85%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="硼酸酯（页面不存在）">硼酸酯</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="磷酰胺" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="phosphoramides"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A3%B7%E9%85%B0%E8%83%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="磷酰胺（页面不存在）">磷酰胺</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/phosphoramides" class="extiw" title="en:phosphoramides"><span lang="en" dir="auto">phosphoramides</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%BA%E9%85%B0%E8%83%BA" title="磺酰胺">磺酰胺</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>另见：<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="化学分类" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Chemical classification"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="化学分类（页面不存在）">化学分类</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_classification" class="extiw" title="en:Chemical classification"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Chemical classification</span></a></span>）</span></span><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%91%BD%E5%90%8D%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="化学命名法">化学命名法</a>(<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E6%9C%BA%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%91%BD%E5%90%8D%E6%B3%95" title="无机化学命名法">无机物</a>、<a href="/wiki/IUPAC%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E7%89%A9%E5%91%BD%E5%90%8D%E6%B3%95" title="IUPAC有机物命名法">有机物</a>)<span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="金属有机化合物">金属有机化合物</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r79005747">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" 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