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[r]" accesskey="r"><span>Апошнія змены</span></a></li><li id="n-newpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:NewPages"><span>Новыя старонкі</span></a></li><li id="n-Village-pump" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BC"><span>Форум</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:Random" title="Паказаць выпадковую старонку [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Выпадковая старонка</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Дзе можна атрымаць тлумачэнні."><span>Даведка</span></a></li><li id="n-bug_in_article" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%8F:%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BA%D1%96"><span>Паведаміць пра памылку</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Вікіпедыя" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-be.svg" style="width: 7.625em; 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[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Увайсці</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Больш магчымасцей" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Асабістыя інструменты" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Асабістыя інструменты</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Меню ўдзельніка" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_be.wikipedia.org&uselang=be"><span>Ахвяраваць</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:CreateAccount&returnto=%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0+%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&returntoquery=section%3D2%26veaction%3Dedit%26redirect%3Dno" title="Вам прапануецца стварыць уліковы запіс і ўвайсці ў сістэму, але гэта не абавязкова"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Стварыць уліковы запіс</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:UserLogin&returnto=%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0+%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&returntoquery=section%3D2%26veaction%3Dedit%26redirect%3Dno" title="Вам прапануецца ўвайсці ў сістэму, але гэта неабавязкова. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Увайсці</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Старонкі для ананімных рэдактараў <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%B0:%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BA%D0%B0" aria-label="Даведацца больш пра праўку"><span>даведацца больш</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:MyContributions" title="Спіс правак, зробленых з гэтага IP-адраса [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Уклад</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:MyTalk" title="Размовы пра праўкі, зробленыя з гэтага IP-адраса [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Размовы</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Праект"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Змест" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Змест</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">перанесці да бакавой панэлі</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">схаваць</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Пачатак</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Магчымыя_дапасаванні_форм_часу_пры_перадачы_сказаў_простай_мовы_ўскоснай_мовай" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Магчымыя_дапасаванні_форм_часу_пры_перадачы_сказаў_простай_мовы_ўскоснай_мовай"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Магчымыя дапасаванні форм часу пры перадачы сказаў простай мовы ўскоснай мовай</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Магчымыя_дапасаванні_форм_часу_пры_перадачы_сказаў_простай_мовы_ўскоснай_мовай-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Змяніць стан падраздзелу Магчымыя дапасаванні форм часу пры перадачы сказаў простай мовы ўскоснай мовай</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Магчымыя_дапасаванні_форм_часу_пры_перадачы_сказаў_простай_мовы_ўскоснай_мовай-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Цяперашні_час" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Цяперашні_час"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Цяперашні час</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Цяперашні_час-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Прошлы_час" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Прошлы_час"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Прошлы час</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Прошлы_час-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Будучы_час_і_мадальныя_дзеясловы" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Будучы_час_і_мадальныя_дзеясловы"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Будучы час і мадальныя дзеясловы</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Будучы_час_і_мадальныя_дзеясловы-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Іншыя_змены_пры_пераходзе_сказа_з_простай_мовы_ва_ўскосную" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Іншыя_змены_пры_пераходзе_сказа_з_простай_мовы_ва_ўскосную"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Іншыя змены пры пераходзе сказа з простай мовы ва ўскосную</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Іншыя_змены_пры_пераходзе_сказа_з_простай_мовы_ва_ўскосную-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Змяніць стан падраздзелу Іншыя змены пры пераходзе сказа з простай мовы ва ўскосную</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Іншыя_змены_пры_пераходзе_сказа_з_простай_мовы_ва_ўскосную-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Абавязковыя_змены" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Абавязковыя_змены"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Абавязковыя змены</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Абавязковыя_змены-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Неабавязковыя_змены" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Неабавязковыя_змены"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Неабавязковыя змены</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Неабавязковыя_змены-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Крыніцы" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Крыніцы"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Крыніцы</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Крыніцы-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Літаратура" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Літаратура"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Літаратура</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Літаратура-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Змест" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Пераключыць змест" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Пераключыць змест</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ускосная мова англійскай мовы</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Перайсці да артыкула на іншай мове. Даступны на 1 мове." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-1" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">1 мова</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="добры артыкул"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mowa_zale%C5%BCna_w_j%C4%99zyku_angielskim" title="Mowa zależna w języku angielskim – польская" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Mowa zależna w języku angielskim" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="польская" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q30916514#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Правіць міжмоўныя спасылкі" class="wbc-editpage">Правіць спасылкі</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Прасторы назваў"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Паказаць уласна змест старонкі [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Старонка</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B:%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Размовы пра змест гэтай старонкі (няма такой старонкі) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Размовы</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Змяніць моўны варыянт" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">беларуская</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Віды"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B"><span>Чытаць</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&veaction=edit" title="Правіць старонку [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Правіць</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&action=edit" title="Правіць зыходны код гэтай старонкі [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Правіць зыходнік</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&action=history" title="Ранейшыя версіі гэтай старонкі. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Паказаць гісторыю</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Інструменты" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Інструменты</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Інструменты</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">перанесці да бакавой панэлі</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">схаваць</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Больш магчымасцей" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Дзеянні </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B"><span>Чытаць</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&veaction=edit" title="Правіць старонку [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Правіць</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&action=edit" title="Правіць зыходны код гэтай старонкі [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Правіць зыходнік</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&action=history"><span>Паказаць гісторыю</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Агульныя </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:WhatLinksHere/%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Спіс вікістаронак, якія спасылаюцца сюды [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Сюды спасылаюцца</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:RecentChangesLinked/%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B" rel="nofollow" title="Нядаўнія змены ў старонках, на якія спасылаецца гэтая старонка [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Звязаныя праўкі</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:SpecialPages" title="Пералік усіх адмысловых старонак [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Адмысловыя старонкі</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&oldid=4718688" title="Нязменная спасылка на гэтую версію гэтай старонкі"><span>Нязменная спасылка</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&action=info" title="Больш звестак пра гэту старонку"><span>Звесткі пра старонку</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:CiteThisPage&page=%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&id=4718688&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Інфармацыя пра тое, як цытаваць гэтую старонку"><span>Цытаваць гэту старонку</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbe.wikipedia.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3D%25D0%25A3%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D0%25BE%25D1%2581%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0%25D1%258F_%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B0_%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B3%25D0%25BB%25D1%2596%25D0%25B9%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B9_%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D1%258B%26section%3D2%26veaction%3Dedit"><span>Атрымаць скарочаны URL-адрас</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbe.wikipedia.org%2Fw%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3D%25D0%25A3%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D0%25BE%25D1%2581%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B0%25D1%258F_%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D0%25B0_%25D0%25B0%25D0%25BD%25D0%25B3%25D0%25BB%25D1%2596%25D0%25B9%25D1%2581%25D0%25BA%25D0%25B0%25D0%25B9_%25D0%25BC%25D0%25BE%25D0%25B2%25D1%258B%26section%3D2%26veaction%3Dedit"><span>Спампаваць QR-код</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Друк/экспарт </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0+%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B"><span>Стварыць кнігу</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%BC%D1%8B%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B5:DownloadAsPdf&page=%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&action=show-download-screen"><span>Спампаваць як PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&printable=yes" title="Друкавальная версія гэтай старонкі [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Для друку</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> У іншых праектах </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q30916514" title="Спасылка на звязаны элемент рэпазітара даных [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Элемент Вікіданых</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Выгляд"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Выгляд</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">перанесці да бакавой панэлі</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">схаваць</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">З Вікіпедыі, свабоднай энцыклапедыі</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="be" dir="ltr"><p><b>Ускосная мова англійскай мовы</b> (англ. — the reported speech of the English language) гэта ўсе змены, якія дапускае <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Англійская мова">англійская мова</a> пры перадачы простай мовы ўскосным чынам. Такія змены могуць уключаць у сябе дапасаванне форм часу, а таксама асабовых <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Займеннікі англійскай мовы">займенннікаў</a> і іншых слоў, як патрабуе <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%82" title="Кантэкст">кантэкст</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Магчымыя_дапасаванні_форм_часу_пры_перадачы_сказаў_простай_мовы_ўскоснай_мовай"><span id=".D0.9C.D0.B0.D0.B3.D1.87.D1.8B.D0.BC.D1.8B.D1.8F_.D0.B4.D0.B0.D0.BF.D0.B0.D1.81.D0.B0.D0.B2.D0.B0.D0.BD.D0.BD.D1.96_.D1.84.D0.BE.D1.80.D0.BC_.D1.87.D0.B0.D1.81.D1.83_.D0.BF.D1.80.D1.8B_.D0.BF.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.B0.D0.B4.D0.B0.D1.87.D1.8B_.D1.81.D0.BA.D0.B0.D0.B7.D0.B0.D1.9E_.D0.BF.D1.80.D0.BE.D1.81.D1.82.D0.B0.D0.B9_.D0.BC.D0.BE.D0.B2.D1.8B_.D1.9E.D1.81.D0.BA.D0.BE.D1.81.D0.BD.D0.B0.D0.B9_.D0.BC.D0.BE.D0.B2.D0.B0.D0.B9"></span>Магчымыя дапасаванні форм часу пры перадачы сказаў простай мовы ўскоснай мовай</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Правіць раздзел: Магчымыя дапасаванні форм часу пры перадачы сказаў простай мовы ўскоснай мовай" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&action=edit&section=1" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Магчымыя дапасаванні форм часу пры перадачы сказаў простай мовы ўскоснай мовай"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Асноўныя артыкулы: <b><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC_%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B6%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%83_%D1%9E_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5" title="Сістэма форм выражэння часу ў англійскай мове">Сістэма форм выражэння часу ў англійскай мове</a></b> і <b><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%8F%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Дзеясловы англійскай мовы">Дзеясловы англійскай мовы</a></b></div> <p>Калі выказванні простай мовы ўводзяцца дзеясловамі цяперашняга часу, ніякія змены пры пераходзе ва ўскосную мову не адбываюцца (He <i>says</i>: «We <i>work</i> here» (Ён кажа: "Мы <i>працуем</i> тут) — He <i>says</i> they <i>work</i> here (Ён <i>кажа</i>, што яны працуюць тут)). Неабходнасць дапасаваць форму часу простай мовы пры пераходзе ва ўскосную можа ўзнікнуць, калі ўводны дзеяслоў прамой мовы стаіць у адной з форм прошлага часу, напрыклад: Не <i>declared</i>: «(простая мова)» — Ён <i>аб’явіў</i>: «(простая мова)». Дапасаванне форм часу пры перадачы сказаў простай мовы ўскоснай мовай не з’яўляецца абавязковымі для англійскай мовы<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMurphy199496_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurphy199496-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Найчасцей формы часу застаўюцца нязменнымі калі гаворка ідзе пра шырока вядомыя факты (He said Shakespear <i>wrote</i> Hamlet — Ён казаў, што Шэкспір напісаў «Гамлета», нельга <i>had written</i>) або пра факты, якія не аспрэчваюцца ў пэўнай сітуацыі (He told me his brother <i>is</i> a doctor — Ён казаў мне, што яго брат <i>працуе</i> доктарам). У апошнім прыкладзе, як і ў некаторых іншых сітуацыях, захаванне цяперашняга часу ва ўскоснай мове падкрэслівае, што сітуацыя не змянілася з цягам часу<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHewings200570_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHewings200570-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Магчыма і захаванне нязменнай недапасаванай формы часу простай мовы ва ўскоснай мове і па жаданню размоўцы. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Цяперашні_час"><span id=".D0.A6.D1.8F.D0.BF.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.B0.D1.88.D0.BD.D1.96_.D1.87.D0.B0.D1.81"></span>Цяперашні час</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Правіць раздзел: Цяперашні час" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&action=edit&section=2" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Цяперашні час"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Калі сказ простай мовы стаіць у <i>цяперашнім простым часе (Present Simple)</i>, яго мяняюць на <i>прошлы просты час (Past Simple)</i> пры пераходзе з прамой ва ўскосную мову. Гэта розніца можа і не захавацца ў беларускім перакладзе. (She said: «I <i>work</i> here» — She said she <i>worked</i> there (Яна казала: «Я тут <i>працую</i>» — Яна казала, што яна тут <i>працуе</i> / або <i>працавала</i>)). </p><p>Калі сказ простай мовы стаіць у <i>цяперашнім працяглым часе (Present Continuous)</i>, яго мяняюць на <i>прошлы працяглы час (Past Continuous)</i> пры пераходзе з прамой ва ўскосную мову. (She said: «I <i>am working</i> here» — She said she <i>was working</i> there (Яна казала: «Я тут <i>працую</i>» — Яна казала, што яна тут <i>працуе</i> / або <i>працавала</i>)). </p><p>Калі сказ простай мовы стаіць у <i>цяперашнім завершаным часе (Present Perfect)</i>, пры пераходзе з прамой ва ўскосную мову яго мяняюць на <i>прошлы завершаны час (Past Perfect)</i>. У такой сітуацыі магчыма ў якасці формы дапасавання выбраць i <i>прошлы просты час (Past Simple)</i>, калі зразумела, якое дзеянне ідзе за другім<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHewings200570_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHewings200570-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Але ў беларускім перакладзе розніца паміж усімі гэтымі варыянтамі знікае (She said: «I <i>have read</i> it». I <i>did</i> it before signing — She said she <i>had read</i> / <i>read</i> it (Яна казала: «Я <i>прачытала</i> гэта. Я <i>прачытала</i> перад тым як падпісаць» — Яна казала, што яна <i>прачытала</i> гэта)). </p><p>Сказ простай мовы у <i>цяперашнім завершана-працяглым часе (Present Perfect Continuous)</i> пераходзіць у <i>прошлы завершана-працяглы час (Past Perfect Continuous)</i> ва ўскоснай мове. (She said: «I <i>have been working</i> here for 3 days» — She said she <i>had been working</i> there for 3 days (Яна казала: «Я тут <i>працую</i>ўжо 3 дні» — Яна казала, што яна тут <i>працуе</i> / або <i>працавала</i> ўжо 3 дні)). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Прошлы_час"><span id=".D0.9F.D1.80.D0.BE.D1.88.D0.BB.D1.8B_.D1.87.D0.B0.D1.81"></span>Прошлы час</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Правіць раздзел: Прошлы час" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&action=edit&section=3" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Прошлы час"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Магчымыя дапасаванні датычацца толькі форм <i>прошлы просты час (Past Simple)</i> і <i>прошлы працяглы час (Past Continuous)</i>, якія мяняюцца пры пераходзе сказа ва ўскосную мову на <i>прошлы завершаны час (Past Perfect)</i> і <i>прошлы завершана-працяглы час (Past Perfect Continuous)</i> адпаведна. У сувязі з адсутнасцю адпаведных форм працяглага часу ў <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Беларуская мова">беларускай мове</a>, ў перакладзе розніца паміж гэтымі формамі не бачна. (She said: "I <i>worked / was working</i> here — She said she <i>had worked / had been working</i> there (Яна казала: "Я тут <i>працавала</i> — Яна казала, што яна тут <i>працавала</i>)). Дзеясловы ў формах <i>прошлага завершанага часу (Past Perfect)</i> і <i>прошлага завершана-працяглага часу (Past Perfect Continuous)</i> пры пераходзе з простай мовы ва ўскосную не мяняюць формы. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Будучы_час_і_мадальныя_дзеясловы"><span id=".D0.91.D1.83.D0.B4.D1.83.D1.87.D1.8B_.D1.87.D0.B0.D1.81_.D1.96_.D0.BC.D0.B0.D0.B4.D0.B0.D0.BB.D1.8C.D0.BD.D1.8B.D1.8F_.D0.B4.D0.B7.D0.B5.D1.8F.D1.81.D0.BB.D0.BE.D0.B2.D1.8B"></span>Будучы час і мадальныя дзеясловы</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Правіць раздзел: Будучы час і мадальныя дзеясловы" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&action=edit&section=4" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Будучы час і мадальныя дзеясловы"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Усе варыяцыі дапасавання форм будучага часу ва ўскоснай мове можна звесці да змены дапаможнага дзеяслова will яго формай прошлага часу, характэрнай для <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7_%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%83_%D1%96_%D1%9E%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Даданы сказ часу і ўмовы англійскай мовы">даданых сказаў умовы</a> і некаторых іншых сітуацый. (He confessed: «I <i>will go</i> to Paris» — He confessed that he <i>would go</i> to Paris (Ён прызнаўся: "Я <i>паеду</i> ў <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B6" title="Парыж">Парыж</a> — Ён прызнаўся, што <i>паедзе</i> ў Парыж)). На месцы дзеяслова will, які можа быць не толькі дапаможным, але і мадальным, могуць знаходзіцца іншыя мадальныя дзеясловы. Большасць з іх не мяняе формы пры пераходзе сказа ва ўскосную мову. Выключэнне складаюць мадальныя дзеясловы <i>can</i> i <i>may</i>, якія ва ўскоснай мове могуць прыймаць свае формы прошлага часу <i>could</i> i <i>might</i> адпаведна. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Іншыя_змены_пры_пераходзе_сказа_з_простай_мовы_ва_ўскосную"><span id=".D0.86.D0.BD.D1.88.D1.8B.D1.8F_.D0.B7.D0.BC.D0.B5.D0.BD.D1.8B_.D0.BF.D1.80.D1.8B_.D0.BF.D0.B5.D1.80.D0.B0.D1.85.D0.BE.D0.B4.D0.B7.D0.B5_.D1.81.D0.BA.D0.B0.D0.B7.D0.B0_.D0.B7_.D0.BF.D1.80.D0.BE.D1.81.D1.82.D0.B0.D0.B9_.D0.BC.D0.BE.D0.B2.D1.8B_.D0.B2.D0.B0_.D1.9E.D1.81.D0.BA.D0.BE.D1.81.D0.BD.D1.83.D1.8E"></span>Іншыя змены пры пераходзе сказа з простай мовы ва ўскосную</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Правіць раздзел: Іншыя змены пры пераходзе сказа з простай мовы ва ўскосную" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&action=edit&section=5" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Іншыя змены пры пераходзе сказа з простай мовы ва ўскосную"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Іншыя змены пры пераходзе сказа з простай мовы ва ўскосную можна падзяліць на абавязковыя і факультатыўныя. Але абедзве гэтыя групы аб’ядноўвае незалежнасць ад таго ў якім часе стаіць дзеяслоў, якім уводзіцца фраза простай мовы. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Абавязковыя_змены"><span id=".D0.90.D0.B1.D0.B0.D0.B2.D1.8F.D0.B7.D0.BA.D0.BE.D0.B2.D1.8B.D1.8F_.D0.B7.D0.BC.D0.B5.D0.BD.D1.8B"></span>Абавязковыя змены</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Правіць раздзел: Абавязковыя змены" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&action=edit&section=6" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Абавязковыя змены"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Асноўны артыкул: <b><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%8B_%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%8F%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%9E_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Неасабовыя формы дзеясловаў англійскай мовы">Неасабовыя формы дзеясловаў англійскай мовы</a></b></div> <p><i>Імператыў</i> у сказе простай мовы змяняецца на <i><a href="/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D1%84%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%9E" title="Інфінітыў">інфінітыў</a></i> (Mother says to her son: «<i>Go</i> to bed.» — Mother tells her son <i>to go</i> to bed (Маці кажа сыну: «<i>Ідзі</i> спаць.» — Маці кажа сыну <i>ісці</i> спаць.)) Пры гэтым, калі ў сказе простай мовы загаднага ладу стаіць часціна «не», яна заўваецца і ў інфінітыве ўскоснай мовы (He ordered: «<i>Do not smoke</i> here». — He ordered <i>not to smoke</i> there (Ён загадаў: «<i>Не куры(це)</i> тут». — Ён загадаў <i>не курыць</i> там)). </p><p>У адпаведнасці з сітуацыяй абавязковай можа быць замена <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Займеннікі англійскай мовы">займеннікаў</a> 1-й асобы на 3-ю незалежна ад ліку: І (я) і we (мы) на he / she (ён / яна) i they (яны) адпаведна. </p><p>Таксама пры перадачы ўскоснай мовай сказаў простай мовы замяняюцца наступныя словы: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Простая мова</th> <th>Ускосная мова </th></tr> <tr> <td>now (цяпер, зараз)</td> <td>then (тады) </td></tr> <tr> <td>ago (таму)</td> <td>before (перад тым) </td></tr> <tr> <td>today (сёння)</td> <td>that day (у той дзень) </td></tr> <tr> <td>yesterday (учора)</td> <td>the day before (у дзень раней) </td></tr> <tr> <td>tomorrow (заўтра)</td> <td>the next day (ў наступны дзень) </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Але змены, азначаныя ў вышэй прыведзенай табліцы з’яўляюцца абавязковымі калі прамая мова ўведзена дзеясловам прошлага часу (I said (я сказаў), he reported (ён паведаміў)), а не цяперашняга (We announce (мы аб’яўляем), she utters (яна вымаўляе)). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Неабавязковыя_змены"><span id=".D0.9D.D0.B5.D0.B0.D0.B1.D0.B0.D0.B2.D1.8F.D0.B7.D0.BA.D0.BE.D0.B2.D1.8B.D1.8F_.D0.B7.D0.BC.D0.B5.D0.BD.D1.8B"></span>Неабавязковыя змены</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Правіць раздзел: Неабавязковыя змены" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&action=edit&section=7" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Неабавязковыя змены"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Сярод змен, якія могуць быць але не з’яўляюцца абавязковымі можна адзначыць змену дзеяслова say на tell (абодва маюць значэнне «казаць, гаворыць, паведаміць», але апошні звычайна ідзе з <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Назоўнікі англійскай мовы">назоўнікам</a> у <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%96%D1%81_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="Сінтаксіс англійскай мовы">сінтактычнай</a> ролі дапаўнення «паведаміць <i>каму-небудзь</i>»). Таксама ў некаторых сітуацыях магчыма выкарыстанне займеннікаў <i>that / those</i> (тая, той / тыя) замест <i>this / these</i> (гэта, гэты / гэтыя) пры трансфармацыі думкі з простай мовы ва ўскосную. </p><p>Сказы з ускоснай мовай з’яўляюцца складаназалежнымі, таму увядзенне даданага сказа з ускоснай мовай магчыма з выкарыстаннем <i>злучніка that (што)</i>. Нярэдка яго апускаюць у нефармальных і нккаторых іншых сітуацыях<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHewings200566_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHewings200566-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (напрыклад, з дзеясловамі, якія выкарыстоўваюцца часта). Але з такімі дзеясловамі як complain (скардзіцца), deny (адмаўляць), confide (дзяліцца сакрэтам), grumble (журыцца), speculate (разважаць, спекуляваць), warn (папярэджваць), answer (адказваць), argue (спрачацца) i reply (адказваць) лічыцца непажаданым яго не выкарыстоўваць для злучэння дзвюх часткак сказа (He replies <i>that</i> he does not work here — Ён адказвае, <i>што</i> ён тут не працуе). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Крыніцы"><span id=".D0.9A.D1.80.D1.8B.D0.BD.D1.96.D1.86.D1.8B"></span>Крыніцы</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Правіць раздзел: Крыніцы" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&action=edit&section=8" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Крыніцы"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurphy199496-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMurphy199496_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMurphy1994">Murphy 1994</a>, p. 96.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHewings200570-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHewings200570_2-0"><sup><i><b>а</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHewings200570_2-1"><sup><i><b>б</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHewings2005">Hewings 2005</a>, p. 70.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHewings200566-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHewings200566_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHewings2005">Hewings 2005</a>, p. 66.</span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Літаратура"><span id=".D0.9B.D1.96.D1.82.D0.B0.D1.80.D0.B0.D1.82.D1.83.D1.80.D0.B0"></span>Літаратура</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Правіць раздзел: Літаратура" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>правіць</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B&action=edit&section=9" title="Правіць зыходнік раздзела: Літаратура"><span>правіць зыходнік</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r4817788">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#2C882D;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911F}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{color:#f8a397}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{color:#f8a397}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911F}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMurphy1994" class="citation book cs1">Murphy, Raymond (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/englishgrammarin0002murp"><i>English Grammar in Use</i></a> (3rd ed.). <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=English+Grammar+in+Use&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.aulast=Murphy&rft.aufirst=Raymond&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fenglishgrammarin0002murp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbe.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0+%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4817788"><cite id="CITEREFHewings2005" class="citation book cs1">Hewings, Martin (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/advancedgrammari0000hewi"><i>Advanced Grammar in Use</i></a> (2nd ed.). <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Advanced+Grammar+in+Use.&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.aulast=Hewings&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fadvancedgrammari0000hewi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fbe.wikipedia.org%3A%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0+%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r4785216">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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мовы">Даданы сказ часу і ўмовы</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%8F%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Дзеясловы англійскай мовы">Дзеясловы</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Займеннікі англійскай мовы">Займеннікі</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Злучнікі англійскай мовы">Злучнікі</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BE%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Назоўнікі англійскай мовы">Назоўнікі</a></li> <li><a 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мовы">Прыслоўі</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B0_%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC_%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B6%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%83_%D1%9E_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5" title="Сістэма форм выражэння часу ў англійскай мове">Сістэма форм выражэння часу</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%8B%D0%BF%D1%8B_%D0%BF%D1%8B%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F%D1%9E_%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Тыпы пытанняў англійскай мовы">Тыпы пытанняў</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ускосная мова</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Узята з "<a dir="ltr" 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