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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Common characteristics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Common_characteristics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Common characteristics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Common_characteristics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Seating_layout" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Seating_layout"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Seating layout</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Seating_layout-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Engine_and_drivetrain_layout" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Engine_and_drivetrain_layout"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Engine and drivetrain layout</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Engine_and_drivetrain_layout-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Europe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Europe</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Europe-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Europe subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1895–1917:_Brass_Era_of_cars" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1895–1917:_Brass_Era_of_cars"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>1895–1917: Brass Era of cars</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1895–1917:_Brass_Era_of_cars-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1919–1929:_Vintage_Era_cars" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1919–1929:_Vintage_Era_cars"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>1919–1929: Vintage Era cars</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1919–1929:_Vintage_Era_cars-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1930–1939:_Pre-war_Era_cars" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1930–1939:_Pre-war_Era_cars"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>1930–1939: Pre-war Era cars</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1930–1939:_Pre-war_Era_cars-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1939–1959:_Expansion_following_World_War_II" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1939–1959:_Expansion_following_World_War_II"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>1939–1959: Expansion following World War II</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1939–1959:_Expansion_following_World_War_II-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1960–1979:_Lightweight_roadsters,_mid-engined_supercars" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1960–1979:_Lightweight_roadsters,_mid-engined_supercars"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>1960–1979: Lightweight roadsters, mid-engined supercars</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1960–1979:_Lightweight_roadsters,_mid-engined_supercars-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1980–1999:_Turbocharging_and_all-wheel_drive_emerge" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1980–1999:_Turbocharging_and_all-wheel_drive_emerge"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>1980–1999: Turbocharging and all-wheel drive emerge</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1980–1999:_Turbocharging_and_all-wheel_drive_emerge-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2000–present:_Turbos_become_dominant,_hybrids_emerge" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2000–present:_Turbos_become_dominant,_hybrids_emerge"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.7</span> <span>2000–present: Turbos become dominant, hybrids emerge</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2000–present:_Turbos_become_dominant,_hybrids_emerge-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_States" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_States"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>United States</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_States-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Asia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Asia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Asia</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Asia-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Asia subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Asia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1959–1968:_Beginnings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1959–1968:_Beginnings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>1959–1968: Beginnings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1959–1968:_Beginnings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1969–1977:_Mass_production_begins" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1969–1977:_Mass_production_begins"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>1969–1977: Mass production begins</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1969–1977:_Mass_production_begins-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1978–1988:_Front-wheel_drive_introduced" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1978–1988:_Front-wheel_drive_introduced"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>1978–1988: Front-wheel drive introduced</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1978–1988:_Front-wheel_drive_introduced-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1989–2006:_All-wheel_drive,_first_supercars" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1989–2006:_All-wheel_drive,_first_supercars"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>1989–2006: All-wheel drive, first supercars</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1989–2006:_All-wheel_drive,_first_supercars-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2007–present:_Declining_popularity_of_coupes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2007–present:_Declining_popularity_of_coupes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.5</span> <span>2007–present: Declining popularity of coupes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2007–present:_Declining_popularity_of_coupes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Sports car</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 43 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-43" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">43 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B6%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="سيارة رياضية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سيارة رياضية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0dman_avtomobili" title="İdman avtomobili – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İdman avtomobili" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BF" title="ক্রীড়া গাড়ি – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ক্রীড়া গাড়ি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobil_sport" title="Mobil sport – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Mobil sport" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph%C3%A1u-chhia" title="Pháu-chhia – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Pháu-chhia" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Спортен автомобил – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Спортен автомобил" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autom%C3%B2bil_esportiu" title="Automòbil esportiu – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Automòbil esportiu" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sportovn%C3%AD_automobily" title="Sportovní automobily – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Sportovní automobily" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sportsvogn" title="Sportsvogn – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Sportsvogn" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sportwagen" title="Sportwagen – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Sportwagen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sportauto" title="Sportauto – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Sportauto" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autom%C3%B3vil_deportivo" title="Automóvil deportivo – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Automóvil deportivo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sporta_a%C5%ADto" title="Sporta aŭto – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Sporta aŭto" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirol-automobil" title="Kirol-automobil – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kirol-automobil" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%88%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%BE%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AA" title="خودروی اسپورت – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="خودروی اسپورت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voiture_de_sport" title="Voiture de sport – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Voiture de sport" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autom%C3%B3bil_deportivo" title="Automóbil deportivo – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Automóbil deportivo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8A%A4%ED%8F%AC%EC%B8%A0%EC%B9%B4" title="스포츠카 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="스포츠카" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0" title="स्पोर्ट्स कार – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="स्पोर्ट्स कार" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobil_cergas" title="Mobil cergas – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Mobil cergas" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vettura_sport" title="Vettura sport – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Vettura sport" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sportinis_automobilis" title="Sportinis automobilis – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Sportinis automobilis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sportwagen" title="Sportwagen – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Sportwagen" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B9%E3%83%9D%E3%83%BC%E3%83%84%E3%82%AB%E3%83%BC" title="スポーツカー – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="スポーツカー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sportsbil" title="Sportsbil – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Sportsbil" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sportsbil" title="Sportsbil – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Sportsbil" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sport_avtomobili" title="Sport avtomobili – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Sport avtomobili" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samoch%C3%B3d_sportowy" title="Samochód sportowy – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Samochód sportowy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autom%C3%B3vel_desportivo" title="Automóvel desportivo – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Automóvel desportivo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ma%C8%99in%C4%83_sport" title="Mașină sport – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Mașină sport" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Спортивный автомобиль – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Спортивный автомобиль" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sports_caur" title="Sports caur – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Sports caur" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a 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searchaux" style="display:none">Performance-oriented car class, generally small or light-weight with good handling</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about roadgoing cars. For racing cars, see <a href="/wiki/Sports_car_racing" title="Sports car racing">Sports car racing</a>. For the album by Judie Tzuke, see <a href="/wiki/Sports_Car_(album)" title="Sports Car (album)">Sports Car (album)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2015_Mazda_MX-5_ND_2.0_SKYACTIV-G_160_i-ELOOP_Rubinrot-Metallic_Vorderansicht.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/2015_Mazda_MX-5_ND_2.0_SKYACTIV-G_160_i-ELOOP_Rubinrot-Metallic_Vorderansicht.jpg/220px-2015_Mazda_MX-5_ND_2.0_SKYACTIV-G_160_i-ELOOP_Rubinrot-Metallic_Vorderansicht.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/2015_Mazda_MX-5_ND_2.0_SKYACTIV-G_160_i-ELOOP_Rubinrot-Metallic_Vorderansicht.jpg/330px-2015_Mazda_MX-5_ND_2.0_SKYACTIV-G_160_i-ELOOP_Rubinrot-Metallic_Vorderansicht.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/2015_Mazda_MX-5_ND_2.0_SKYACTIV-G_160_i-ELOOP_Rubinrot-Metallic_Vorderansicht.jpg/440px-2015_Mazda_MX-5_ND_2.0_SKYACTIV-G_160_i-ELOOP_Rubinrot-Metallic_Vorderansicht.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1212" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Mazda_MX-5" title="Mazda MX-5">Mazda MX-5</a>, one of the world's best-selling sports cars<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1996_Porsche_911_993_GT2_-_Flickr_-_The_Car_Spy_(4).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/1996_Porsche_911_993_GT2_-_Flickr_-_The_Car_Spy_%284%29.jpg/220px-1996_Porsche_911_993_GT2_-_Flickr_-_The_Car_Spy_%284%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/1996_Porsche_911_993_GT2_-_Flickr_-_The_Car_Spy_%284%29.jpg/330px-1996_Porsche_911_993_GT2_-_Flickr_-_The_Car_Spy_%284%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/1996_Porsche_911_993_GT2_-_Flickr_-_The_Car_Spy_%284%29.jpg/440px-1996_Porsche_911_993_GT2_-_Flickr_-_The_Car_Spy_%284%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1050" /></a><figcaption>1996 <a href="/wiki/Porsche_GT2" class="mw-redirect" title="Porsche GT2">Porsche 911 GT2</a>, a model <a href="/wiki/Homologation_(motorsport)" title="Homologation (motorsport)">homologated</a> for <a href="/wiki/Sports_car_racing" title="Sports car racing">sports car racing</a></figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>sports car</b> is a type of <a href="/wiki/Car" title="Car">car</a> that is designed with an emphasis on dynamic performance, such as <a href="/wiki/Automobile_handling" title="Automobile handling">handling</a>, acceleration, top speed, the thrill of driving, and <a href="/wiki/Auto_racing" title="Auto racing">racing</a> capability. Sports cars originated in <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> in the early 1910s and are currently produced by many manufacturers around the world. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Definition">Definition</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sports_car&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Definition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Definitions of sports cars often relate to how the car design is optimised for dynamic performance,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> without any specific minimum requirements; both a <a href="/wiki/Triumph_Spitfire" title="Triumph Spitfire">Triumph Spitfire</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ferrari_488_Pista" class="mw-redirect" title="Ferrari 488 Pista">Ferrari 488 Pista</a> can be considered sports cars, despite vastly different levels of performance. Broader definitions of sports cars include cars "in which performance takes precedence over carrying capacity",<sup id="cite_ref-curbsideclassic.com_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-curbsideclassic.com-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or that emphasise the "thrill of driving"<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or are marketed "using the excitement of speed and the glamour of the (race)track"<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, other people have more specific definitions, such as "must be a two-seater or a 2+2 seater"<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or a car with two seats only.<sup id="cite_ref-Merriam-Webster_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Merriam-Webster-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the United Kingdom, early recorded usage of the "sports car" was in <i>The Times</i> newspaper in 1919.<sup id="cite_ref-TT42255_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TT42255-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first known use of the term in the United States was in 1928.<sup id="cite_ref-Merriam-Webster_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Merriam-Webster-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sports cars started to become popular during the 1920s.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The term initially described two-seat <a href="/wiki/Roadster_(automobile)" class="mw-redirect" title="Roadster (automobile)">roadsters</a> (cars without a fixed roof), however, since the 1970s the term has also been used for cars with a fixed roof (which were previously considered <a href="/wiki/Grand_tourer" title="Grand tourer">grand tourers</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-roadandtrack.com_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-roadandtrack.com-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Attributing the definition of 'sports car' to any particular model can be controversial or the subject of debate among enthusiasts.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-roadandtrack.com_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-roadandtrack.com-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Authors and experts have often contributed their ideas to capture a definition.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Insurance companies have also attempted to use mathematical formulae to categorise sports cars, often charging more for insurance due to the inherent risk of performance driving.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There is no fixed distinction between sports cars and other categories of performance cars, such as <a href="/wiki/Muscle_car" title="Muscle car">muscle cars</a> and <a href="/wiki/Grand_tourer" title="Grand tourer">grand tourers</a>, with some cars being members of several categories.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Common_characteristics">Common characteristics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sports_car&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Common characteristics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Seating_layout">Seating layout</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sports_car&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Seating layout"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Porsche_911_Carrera_2_-_Flickr_-_The_Car_Spy_(5).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Porsche_911_Carrera_2_-_Flickr_-_The_Car_Spy_%285%29.jpg/220px-Porsche_911_Carrera_2_-_Flickr_-_The_Car_Spy_%285%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Porsche_911_Carrera_2_-_Flickr_-_The_Car_Spy_%285%29.jpg/330px-Porsche_911_Carrera_2_-_Flickr_-_The_Car_Spy_%285%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Porsche_911_Carrera_2_-_Flickr_-_The_Car_Spy_%285%29.jpg/440px-Porsche_911_Carrera_2_-_Flickr_-_The_Car_Spy_%285%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>2+2 layout (<a href="/wiki/Porsche_911" title="Porsche 911">Porsche 911</a>)</figcaption></figure> <p>Traditionally, the most common layout for sports cars was a <a href="/wiki/Roadster_(automobile)" class="mw-redirect" title="Roadster (automobile)">roadster</a> (a two-seat car without a fixed roof).<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, there are also several examples of early sports cars with four seats.<sup id="cite_ref-curbsideclassic.com_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-curbsideclassic.com-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sports cars are not usually intended to transport more than two adult occupants regularly, so most modern sports cars are generally two-seat or <a href="/wiki/2%2B2_(car_body_style)" title="2+2 (car body style)">2+2 layout</a> (two smaller rear seats for children or occasional adult use). Larger cars with more spacious rear-seat accommodation are usually considered <a href="/wiki/Sports_sedan" title="Sports sedan">sports sedans</a> rather than sports cars. </p><p>The 1993-1998 <a href="/wiki/McLaren_F1" title="McLaren F1">McLaren F1</a> is notable for using a three-seat layout, where the front row consists of a centrally-located driver's seat. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Engine_and_drivetrain_layout">Engine and drivetrain layout</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sports_car&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Engine and drivetrain layout"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The location of the engine and driven wheels significantly influence the <a href="/wiki/Automobile_handling" title="Automobile handling">handling</a> characteristics of a car and are therefore crucial in the design of a sports car.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Traditionally, most sports cars have used <a href="/wiki/Rear-wheel_drive" title="Rear-wheel drive">rear-wheel drive</a> with the engine either located at the front (<a href="/wiki/Front-engine,_rear-wheel-drive_layout" title="Front-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout">FR layout</a>) or in the middle of the vehicle (<a href="/wiki/Rear_mid-engine,_rear-wheel-drive_layout" title="Rear mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout">MR layout</a>). Examples of FR layout sports cars include the <a href="/wiki/Caterham_Seven" class="mw-redirect" title="Caterham Seven">Caterham 7</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mazda_MX-5" title="Mazda MX-5">Mazda MX-5</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Dodge_Viper" title="Dodge Viper">Dodge Viper</a>. Examples of MR layout sports cars are the <a href="/wiki/Ferrari_488" title="Ferrari 488">Ferrari 488</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ford_GT" title="Ford GT">Ford GT</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Toyota_MR2" title="Toyota MR2">Toyota MR2</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To avoid a front-heavy <a href="/wiki/Weight_distribution" title="Weight distribution">weight distribution</a>, many FR layout sports cars are designed so that the engine is located further back in the engine bay, as close to the <a href="/wiki/Firewall_(engine)" title="Firewall (engine)">firewall</a> as possible.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since the 1990s, <a href="/wiki/All-wheel_drive" class="mw-redirect" title="All-wheel drive">all-wheel drive</a> has become more common in sports cars. All-wheel drive offers better acceleration and favorable handling characteristics (especially in slippery conditions), but is often heavier and more mechanically complex than traditional layouts.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Examples of all-wheel drive sports cars are the <a href="/wiki/Lamborghini_Huracan" class="mw-redirect" title="Lamborghini Huracan">Lamborghini Huracan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bugatti_Veyron" title="Bugatti Veyron">Bugatti Veyron</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Nissan_GT-R" title="Nissan GT-R">Nissan GT-R</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Rear-engine_design" title="Rear-engine design">Rear engine</a> layouts are not typical for sports cars, with the notable exception of the <a href="/wiki/Porsche_911" title="Porsche 911">Porsche 911</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Front-wheel_drive" title="Front-wheel drive">front-wheel drive</a> layout with the engine at the front (<a href="/wiki/Front-engine,_front-wheel-drive_layout" title="Front-engine, front-wheel-drive layout">FF layout</a>) is generally the most common for cars, but it is not as common among traditional sports cars. Nonetheless, the FF layout is used by <a href="/wiki/Sport_compact" title="Sport compact">sport compacts</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hot_hatch" title="Hot hatch">hot hatches</a> such as the <a href="/wiki/Mazdaspeed3" title="Mazdaspeed3">Mazdaspeed3</a>. Sports cars with an FF layout include the <a href="/wiki/Fiat_Barchetta" title="Fiat Barchetta">Fiat Barchetta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saab_Sonett" title="Saab Sonett">Saab Sonett</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Opel_Tigra" title="Opel Tigra">Opel Tigra</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:right;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Europe">Europe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sports_car&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Europe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Undue_weight plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-undue-weight" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span class="skin-invert-image" typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Unbalanced_scales.svg/45px-Unbalanced_scales.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Unbalanced_scales.svg/68px-Unbalanced_scales.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Unbalanced_scales.svg/90px-Unbalanced_scales.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="354" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article may <b>lend <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view#Due_and_undue_weight" title="Wikipedia:Neutral point of view">undue weight</a> to models from the United Kingdom</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sports_car&action=edit">help improve it</a> by rewriting it in a <b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view#Balance" title="Wikipedia:Neutral point of view">balanced fashion</a></b> that contextualizes different points of view.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2019</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1895–1917:_Brass_Era_of_cars"><span id="1895.E2.80.931917:_Brass_Era_of_cars"></span>1895–1917: Brass Era of cars</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sports_car&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 1895–1917: Brass Era of cars"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1224211176">.mw-parser-output .quotebox{background-color:#F9F9F9;border:1px solid #aaa;box-sizing:border-box;padding:10px;font-size:88%;max-width:100%}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft{margin:.5em 1.4em .8em 0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright{margin:.5em 0 .8em 1.4em}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.centered{overflow:hidden;position:relative;margin:.5em auto .8em auto}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft span,.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright span{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox>blockquote{margin:0;padding:0;border-left:0;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-title{text-align:center;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote>:first-child{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:before{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" “ ";vertical-align:-45%;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:after{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" ” ";line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .left-aligned{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .right-aligned{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .center-aligned{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quote-title,.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quotebox-quote{display:block}.mw-parser-output .quotebox cite{display:block;font-style:normal}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .quotebox{width:100%!important;margin:0 0 .8em!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="quotebox pullquote floatright" style="width:40%; ;"> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> <p>The ancestor of all high-performance cars had its origin in Germany. The 28-h.p. Cannstatt-Daimler racing car of 1899 was without a doubt the first attempt to give real performance to a road car. Many of its features, such as a honeycomb radiator and gate gear change, were continued on the much improved version which Paul Daimler designed in 1899-1900. This was of course the famous Mercedes. It also laid down standards of chassis design which were to be followed, almost unthinkingly, for the next thirty years. Several variants of the car appeared during the next year or two, all conforming to the same basic design and earning for themselves a reputation second to none for fast and reliable travel. The 60-h.p. cars were announced late in 1902. The cars were possessed of a very real performance superior to anything else which could be bought at the time... and the model achieved an almost invincible position among the fast cars of its day. </p> </blockquote> <div style="padding-bottom: 0; padding-top: 0.5em"><cite class="left-aligned" style=""><i>The Sports Car: Development and Design</i><sup id="cite_ref-:00_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:00-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div> </div> <p>The basis for the sports car is traced to the early 20th century <a href="/wiki/Touring_car" title="Touring car">touring cars</a> and <a href="/wiki/Roadster_(automobile)" class="mw-redirect" title="Roadster (automobile)">roadsters</a>, and the term 'sports car' would not be coined until after World War One.<sup id="cite_ref-Merriam-Webster_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Merriam-Webster-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:8_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A car considered to be "a sports-car years ahead of its time" is the 1903 <a href="/wiki/Mercedes_60hp" title="Mercedes 60hp">Mercedes Simplex 60 hp</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> described at the time as a fast touring car and designed by <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Maybach" title="Wilhelm Maybach">Wilhelm Maybach</a> and <a href="/wiki/Paul_Daimler" title="Paul Daimler">Paul Daimler</a>. The Mercedes included pioneering features such as a pressed-steel chassis, a gated 4-speed transmission, pushrod-actuated <a href="/wiki/Overhead_valve_engine" title="Overhead valve engine">overhead inlet valves</a>, a honeycomb radiator, <a href="/wiki/Ignition_magneto" title="Ignition magneto">low-tension magneto ignition</a>, a long wheelbase, a low <a href="/wiki/Center_of_mass" title="Center of mass">center of mass</a> and a very effective <a href="/wiki/Suspension_(vehicle)" class="mw-redirect" title="Suspension (vehicle)">suspension</a> system.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The overall result was a "safe and well-balanced machine" with a higher performance than any other contemporary production car.<sup id="cite_ref-:00_45-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:00-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sixty-mercedes_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sixty-mercedes-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the <a href="/wiki/1903_Gordon_Bennett_Cup" title="1903 Gordon Bennett Cup">1903 Gordon Bennett Cup</a>, a production Simplex 60 hp was entered only due to a specially-built 90 hp racing car being destroyed in a fire; the 60 hp famously went on to win the race.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 1910 <a href="/wiki/Austro-Daimler#Ferdinand_Porsche_era" title="Austro-Daimler">Austro-Daimler 27/80</a> is another early sports car which had success in motor racing.<sup id="cite_ref-Georgano_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Georgano-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 27/80 was designed by <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Porsche" title="Ferdinand Porsche">Ferdinand Porsche</a>, who drove the car to victory in the 1910 Prince Henry Tour motor race.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Vauxhall and Austro-Daimler —like the Mercedes Simplex 60 hp— were production fast touring cars.<sup id="cite_ref-sixty-mercedes_50-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sixty-mercedes-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 1912 <a href="/wiki/Hispano-Suiza" title="Hispano-Suiza">Hispano-Suiza</a> Alfonso XIII is also considered one of the earliest sports cars, as it was a "purpose built, high performance, two-seater production automobile".<sup id="cite_ref-:0_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The model was named after <a href="/wiki/Alfonso_XIII_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfonso XIII of Spain">King Alfonso XIII of Spain</a>, a patron of the car's chief designer and an enthusiast for the marque.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_54-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other early sports cars include the 1905 <a href="/wiki/Isotta_Fraschini" title="Isotta Fraschini">Isotta Fraschini</a> Tipo D, the 1906 <a href="/wiki/Rolls-Royce_Silver_Ghost" title="Rolls-Royce Silver Ghost">Rolls-Royce Silver Ghost</a>, the 1908 <a href="/wiki/Delage" title="Delage">Delage</a>,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="References needed to support that the Delage, Tipo D and Silver Ghost are significant in the history of sports cars (April 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> the 1910 <a href="/wiki/Bugatti_Type_13" title="Bugatti Type 13">Bugatti Type 13</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-:00_45-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:00-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_49-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the 1912 <a href="/wiki/Doriot,_Flandrin_%26_Parant" title="Doriot, Flandrin & Parant">DFP 12/15</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_49-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Early motor racing events included the 1903 <a href="/wiki/Paris%E2%80%93Madrid_race" title="Paris–Madrid race">Paris–Madrid race</a>, the 1905-1907 Herkomer Trophy,<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the 1908-1911 <a href="/wiki/Prinz-Heinrich-Fahrt" title="Prinz-Heinrich-Fahrt">Prince Henry Tour</a> and the 1911–present <a href="/wiki/Monte_Carlo_Rally" title="Monte Carlo Rally">Monte Carlo Rally</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Georgano_52-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Georgano-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Prince Henry Tours (which were similar to modern car rallies) were among the sporting events of the period, bringing renown to successful entrants. The Prince Henry Tours started the evolution of reasonably large and technically advanced production sports cars.<sup id="cite_ref-:00_45-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:00-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_49-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In England, the development of sporting cars was inhibited by the <a href="/wiki/Motor_Car_Act_1903" title="Motor Car Act 1903">Motor Car Act 1903</a>, which imposed a speed limit of 20 mph (32 km/h) on all public roads. This led to the 1907 opening of the <a href="/wiki/Brooklands" title="Brooklands">Brooklands motor circuit</a>, which inspired the development of performance cars such as the 1910 <a href="/wiki/Vauxhall_Prince_Henry" title="Vauxhall Prince Henry">Vauxhall Prince Henry</a>, 1910 <a href="/wiki/Sunbeam_Motor_Car_Company" title="Sunbeam Motor Car Company">Sunbeam 12/16</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 1910 <a href="/wiki/Cl%C3%A9ment-Talbot#Cars_offered_by_Clément-Talbot_London_(1904–1916)" title="Clément-Talbot">Talbot 25 hp</a>, 1910 <a href="/wiki/Straker-Squire#Car_models" title="Straker-Squire">Straker-Squire 15 hp</a> and 1913 <a href="/wiki/Star_Motor_Company#Expansion_and_automobiles" title="Star Motor Company">Star 15.9 hp</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:00_45-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:00-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed" style="text-align:left"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 268.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 266.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1903_Mercedes_60HP_(20758376105).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mercedes Simplex 60 hp (1903)"><img alt="Mercedes Simplex 60 hp (1903)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/1903_Mercedes_60HP_%2820758376105%29.jpg/400px-1903_Mercedes_60HP_%2820758376105%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="267" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/1903_Mercedes_60HP_%2820758376105%29.jpg/601px-1903_Mercedes_60HP_%2820758376105%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/1903_Mercedes_60HP_%2820758376105%29.jpg/800px-1903_Mercedes_60HP_%2820758376105%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3328" data-file-height="1872" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Mercedes_60hp" title="Mercedes 60hp">Mercedes Simplex 60 hp</a> (1903)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 242px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 240px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1910_Austro-Daimler_Prince_Henry.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Austro-Daimler Prince Henry (1910-1914)"><img alt="Austro-Daimler Prince Henry (1910-1914)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/1910_Austro-Daimler_Prince_Henry.jpg/360px-1910_Austro-Daimler_Prince_Henry.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/1910_Austro-Daimler_Prince_Henry.jpg/541px-1910_Austro-Daimler_Prince_Henry.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/1910_Austro-Daimler_Prince_Henry.jpg/720px-1910_Austro-Daimler_Prince_Henry.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3840" data-file-height="2400" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Austro-Daimler#Ferdinand_Porsche_era" title="Austro-Daimler">Austro-Daimler Prince Henry</a> (1910-1914)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 218.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 216.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1912_Vauxhall_Prince_Henry.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Vauxhall Prince Henry (1912)"><img alt="Vauxhall Prince Henry (1912)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/1912_Vauxhall_Prince_Henry.jpg/325px-1912_Vauxhall_Prince_Henry.jpg" decoding="async" width="217" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/1912_Vauxhall_Prince_Henry.jpg/488px-1912_Vauxhall_Prince_Henry.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/1912_Vauxhall_Prince_Henry.jpg/650px-1912_Vauxhall_Prince_Henry.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1988" data-file-height="1377" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"> <a href="/wiki/Vauxhall_Prince_Henry" title="Vauxhall Prince Henry">Vauxhall Prince Henry</a> (1912)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 242px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 240px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mus%C3%A9e_de_l%27automobile_-_Mulhouse_-_Hispano_Suiza_(16646659582).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hispano-Suiza Alfonso XIII (1912)"><img alt="Hispano-Suiza Alfonso XIII (1912)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Mus%C3%A9e_de_l%27automobile_-_Mulhouse_-_Hispano_Suiza_%2816646659582%29.jpg/360px-Mus%C3%A9e_de_l%27automobile_-_Mulhouse_-_Hispano_Suiza_%2816646659582%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Mus%C3%A9e_de_l%27automobile_-_Mulhouse_-_Hispano_Suiza_%2816646659582%29.jpg/541px-Mus%C3%A9e_de_l%27automobile_-_Mulhouse_-_Hispano_Suiza_%2816646659582%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Mus%C3%A9e_de_l%27automobile_-_Mulhouse_-_Hispano_Suiza_%2816646659582%29.jpg/720px-Mus%C3%A9e_de_l%27automobile_-_Mulhouse_-_Hispano_Suiza_%2816646659582%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4928" data-file-height="3080" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Hispano-Suiza#Cars" title="Hispano-Suiza">Hispano-Suiza Alfonso XIII</a> (1912)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 202px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bugatti_1913.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Bugatti Type 22 (1913)"><img alt="Bugatti Type 22 (1913)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Bugatti_1913.JPG/300px-Bugatti_1913.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Bugatti_1913.JPG/451px-Bugatti_1913.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Bugatti_1913.JPG/600px-Bugatti_1913.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2944" data-file-height="2208" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Bugatti_Type_13#Type_22" title="Bugatti Type 13">Bugatti Type 22</a> (1913)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 181.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 179.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Beaulieu_National_Motor_Museum_18-09-2012.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sunbeam 12/16 (1914)"><img alt="Sunbeam 12/16 (1914)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Beaulieu_National_Motor_Museum_18-09-2012.jpg/269px-Beaulieu_National_Motor_Museum_18-09-2012.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Beaulieu_National_Motor_Museum_18-09-2012.jpg/404px-Beaulieu_National_Motor_Museum_18-09-2012.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Beaulieu_National_Motor_Museum_18-09-2012.jpg/538px-Beaulieu_National_Motor_Museum_18-09-2012.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1714" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Sunbeam_Motor_Car_Company#Production_cars" title="Sunbeam Motor Car Company">Sunbeam 12/16</a> (1914)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1919–1929:_Vintage_Era_cars"><span id="1919.E2.80.931929:_Vintage_Era_cars"></span>1919–1929: Vintage Era cars</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sports_car&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 1919–1929: Vintage Era cars"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Following the halt in sports car production caused by <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>, Europe returned to manufacturing automobiles from around 1920. It was around this time that the term 'Sports Car' began to appear in the motor catalogues, although the exact origin of the name is not known. The decade that followed became known as the <a href="/wiki/Vintage_car" title="Vintage car">vintage era</a> and featured rapid technical advances over the preceding <a href="/wiki/Brass_Era_car" title="Brass Era car">Brass Era cars</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:4_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Engine performance benefited from the abandonment of "<a href="/wiki/Tax_horsepower" title="Tax horsepower">tax horsepower</a>" (where vehicles were taxed based on <a href="/wiki/Bore_(engine)" title="Bore (engine)">bore</a> and number of cylinders, rather than actual power output)<sup id="cite_ref-:9_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the introduction of <a href="/wiki/Tetraethyllead" title="Tetraethyllead">leaded fuel</a>, which increased power by allowing for higher <a href="/wiki/Compression_ratio" title="Compression ratio">compression ratios</a>. </p><p>In the early 1920s, the cost to produce a racing car was not significantly higher than a road car, therefore several manufacturers used the design from the current year's racing car for the next year's sports car.<sup id="cite_ref-:8_46-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For example, the 1921 <a href="/wiki/Ballot_(automobile)#Main_models" title="Ballot (automobile)">Ballot 2LS</a> based on the racing car that finished third at the 1921 French Grand Prix.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Mercedes_(marque)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mercedes (marque)">Benz 28/95PS</a> was also a successful racing car, with victories including the 1921 <a href="/wiki/Coppa_Florio" title="Coppa Florio">Coppa Florio</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Georgano_52-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Georgano-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another approach— such as that used by Morris Garages— was to convert touring cars into sports cars.<sup id="cite_ref-:8_46-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first <a href="/wiki/24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="24 Hours of Le Mans">24 Hours of Le Mans</a> race for sports cars was held in 1923,<sup id="cite_ref-:8_46-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although the two-seat sports cars only competed in the smallest class, with the majority of cars entered being four-seat fast touring cars.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "This race, together with the <a href="/wiki/RAC_Tourist_Trophy" title="RAC Tourist Trophy">Tourist Trophy Series of Races</a>, organised after the first World War by the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Automobile_Club" title="Royal Automobile Club">R.A.C.</a>, appealed to the public imagination and offered to the manufacturers of the more sporting cars an excellent opportunity for boosting sales of their products."<sup id="cite_ref-:8_46-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The classic <a href="/wiki/Italian_road" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian road">Italian road</a> races— the <a href="/wiki/Targa_Florio" title="Targa Florio">Targa Florio</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Mille_Miglia" title="Mille Miglia">Mille Miglia</a> (first held in 1927)— also captured the public's imagination.<sup id="cite_ref-:8_46-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By 1925, the higher profits available for four-seater cars resulted in the production of two-seat sports cars being limited to smaller manufacturers such as <a href="/wiki/Aston-Martin" class="mw-redirect" title="Aston-Martin">Aston-Martin</a> (350 Astons built from 1921 to 1939) and <a href="/wiki/Frazer-Nash" class="mw-redirect" title="Frazer-Nash">Frazer-Nash</a> (323 cars built from 1924 to 1939).<sup id="cite_ref-Georgano_52-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Georgano-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Then by the late 1920s, the cost of producing racing cars (especially Grand Prix cars) escalated, causing more manufacturers to produce cars for the growing sports car market instead. </p><p>Significant manufacturers<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="Some more references showing the significance of these brands would be useful (April 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> of sports cars in the late 1920s were <a href="/wiki/AC_Cars" title="AC Cars">AC Cars</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alfa_Romeo" title="Alfa Romeo">Alfa Romeo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alvis_Car_and_Engineering_Company" title="Alvis Car and Engineering Company">Alvis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Amilcar" title="Amilcar">Amilcar</a>, Bignan and Samson, <a href="/wiki/Chenard-Walcker" title="Chenard-Walcker">Chenard-Walcker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Delage" title="Delage">Delage</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hispano-Suiza" title="Hispano-Suiza">Hispano-Suiza</a>, <a href="/wiki/Automobiles_Hotchkiss" title="Automobiles Hotchkiss">Hotchkiss</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz" title="Mercedes-Benz">Mercedes-Benz</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nazzaro_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nazzaro (company)">Nazzaro</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Georgano_52-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Georgano-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two cars from the Vintage Era that would influence sports cars for many years were the <a href="/wiki/Austin_7#Sports" title="Austin 7">Austin Seven</a> and <a href="/wiki/MG_M-type" title="MG M-type">MG M-type</a> "Midget".<sup id="cite_ref-:7_60-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:4_61-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Successful sports cars from Bentley during this era were the <a href="/wiki/Bentley_3_Litre" title="Bentley 3 Litre">Bentley 3 Litre</a> (1921-1929) and the <a href="/wiki/Bentley_Speed_Six" title="Bentley Speed Six">Bentley Speed Six</a> (1928-1930), with the former famously described by Bugatti's founder as "the fastest lorry in the world". </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed" style="text-align:left"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 202px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1920_Bugatti_Type_13_Brescia_Dog_Cart_(3828677479).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bugatti Type 13 Brescia (1920)"><img alt="Bugatti Type 13 Brescia (1920)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/1920_Bugatti_Type_13_Brescia_Dog_Cart_%283828677479%29.jpg/300px-1920_Bugatti_Type_13_Brescia_Dog_Cart_%283828677479%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/1920_Bugatti_Type_13_Brescia_Dog_Cart_%283828677479%29.jpg/451px-1920_Bugatti_Type_13_Brescia_Dog_Cart_%283828677479%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/1920_Bugatti_Type_13_Brescia_Dog_Cart_%283828677479%29.jpg/600px-1920_Bugatti_Type_13_Brescia_Dog_Cart_%283828677479%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Bugatti_Type_13" title="Bugatti Type 13">Bugatti Type 13</a> Brescia (1920)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 202px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1925_Austin_7_Brooklands_4690839997.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Austin 7 Brooklands (1927)"><img alt="Austin 7 Brooklands (1927)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/1925_Austin_7_Brooklands_4690839997.jpg/300px-1925_Austin_7_Brooklands_4690839997.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/1925_Austin_7_Brooklands_4690839997.jpg/451px-1925_Austin_7_Brooklands_4690839997.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/1925_Austin_7_Brooklands_4690839997.jpg/600px-1925_Austin_7_Brooklands_4690839997.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3776" data-file-height="2832" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Austin_7" title="Austin 7">Austin 7</a> Brooklands (1927)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 242px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 240px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1929_Alfa_Romeo_6C_1750_SS_Two_Seater_-_fvr2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Alfa Romeo 6C (1929)"><img alt="Alfa Romeo 6C (1929)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/1929_Alfa_Romeo_6C_1750_SS_Two_Seater_-_fvr2.jpg/360px-1929_Alfa_Romeo_6C_1750_SS_Two_Seater_-_fvr2.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/1929_Alfa_Romeo_6C_1750_SS_Two_Seater_-_fvr2.jpg/541px-1929_Alfa_Romeo_6C_1750_SS_Two_Seater_-_fvr2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/1929_Alfa_Romeo_6C_1750_SS_Two_Seater_-_fvr2.jpg/720px-1929_Alfa_Romeo_6C_1750_SS_Two_Seater_-_fvr2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1680" data-file-height="1050" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Alfa_Romeo_6C" title="Alfa Romeo 6C">Alfa Romeo 6C</a> (1929)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 202px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1929_Mercedes-Benz_SSK_photo10.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Mercedes-Benz SSK (1929)"><img alt="Mercedes-Benz SSK (1929)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/1929_Mercedes-Benz_SSK_photo10.JPG/300px-1929_Mercedes-Benz_SSK_photo10.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/1929_Mercedes-Benz_SSK_photo10.JPG/451px-1929_Mercedes-Benz_SSK_photo10.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/1929_Mercedes-Benz_SSK_photo10.JPG/600px-1929_Mercedes-Benz_SSK_photo10.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4317" data-file-height="3238" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_SSK" title="Mercedes-Benz SSK">Mercedes-Benz SSK</a> (1929)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 200.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 198.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:MG_Midget_1930.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="MG M-type Midget (1930)"><img alt="MG M-type Midget (1930)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/MG_Midget_1930.jpg/298px-MG_Midget_1930.jpg" decoding="async" width="199" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/MG_Midget_1930.jpg/447px-MG_Midget_1930.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/MG_Midget_1930.jpg/595px-MG_Midget_1930.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3822" data-file-height="2889" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/MG_M-type" title="MG M-type">MG M-type</a> Midget (1930)</div> </li> </ul> <div style="clear:right;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1930–1939:_Pre-war_Era_cars"><span id="1930.E2.80.931939:_Pre-war_Era_cars"></span>1930–1939: Pre-war Era cars</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sports_car&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: 1930–1939: Pre-war Era cars"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Between the <a href="/wiki/Great_Depression" title="Great Depression">Great Depression</a> and the <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> the <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_automobile#Pre-war_era" title="History of the automobile">pre-war era</a> was a period of decline in importance for sports car manufacturers,<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:8_46-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:8-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> although the period was not devoid of advances,<sup id="cite_ref-:9_62-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> for example <a href="/wiki/Streamliner" title="Streamliner">streamlining</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cheap, light-weight family <a href="/wiki/Sedan_(automobile)" title="Sedan (automobile)">sedans</a> with independent front suspension— such as the <a href="/wiki/BMW_303" title="BMW 303">BMW 303</a>, <a href="/wiki/Citro%C3%ABn_Traction_Avant" title="Citroën Traction Avant">Citroën Traction Avant</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fiat_508" title="Fiat 508">Fiat 508</a>— offered similar handling and comfort to the more expensive sports cars. Powerful, reliable, and economical (although softly suspended) American saloons began to be imported to Europe in significant numbers.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Sports car ownership was increased through models such as the <a href="/wiki/Austin_7" title="Austin 7">Austin 7</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wolseley_Hornet_six" title="Wolseley Hornet six">Wolseley Hornet six</a>, however many of these sports cars did not offer any performance upgrades over the mass-produced cars upon which they were based.<sup id="cite_ref-:9_62-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The highest selling sports car company of the 1930s was <a href="/wiki/MG_Cars" class="mw-redirect" title="MG Cars">Morris Garages</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-:9_62-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who produced 'MG Midget' models of the <a href="/wiki/MG_M-type" title="MG M-type">M-Type</a>, <a href="/wiki/MG_J-type" title="MG J-type">J-Type</a>, <a href="/wiki/MG_P-type" title="MG P-type">P-Type</a> and <a href="/wiki/MG_T-type" title="MG T-type">T-Type</a>. The K3 version of the <a href="/wiki/MG_K-type" title="MG K-type">K-Type Magnette</a> was a successful racing car, achieving success in the <a href="/wiki/Mille_Miglia" title="Mille Miglia">Mille Miglia</a>, <a href="/wiki/RAC_Tourist_Trophy" title="RAC Tourist Trophy">Tourist Trophy</a> and <a href="/wiki/24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="24 Hours of Le Mans">24 Hours of Le Mans</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:9_62-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Bugatti_Type_57" title="Bugatti Type 57">Bugatti Type 57</a> (1934-1940) was another significant sports car of the pre-war era and is now among the most valuable cars in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The T57 was successful in sports car races, including winning the <a href="/wiki/1937_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1937 24 Hours of Le Mans">1937 24 Hours of Le Mans</a><sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/1939_24_Hours_of_Le_Mans" title="1939 24 Hours of Le Mans">1939 24 Hours of Le Mans</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another successful Bugatti sports car was the <a href="/wiki/Bugatti_Type_55" title="Bugatti Type 55">Bugatti Type 55</a> (1932-1935), which was based on the Type 51 Grand Prix racing car. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed" style="text-align:left"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 252px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1934_Wolseley_Hornet_7766100176.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wolseley Hornet (1930-1936)"><img alt="Wolseley Hornet (1930-1936)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/1934_Wolseley_Hornet_7766100176.jpg/375px-1934_Wolseley_Hornet_7766100176.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/1934_Wolseley_Hornet_7766100176.jpg/564px-1934_Wolseley_Hornet_7766100176.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/1934_Wolseley_Hornet_7766100176.jpg/750px-1934_Wolseley_Hornet_7766100176.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3760" data-file-height="2256" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Wolseley_Hornet_six" title="Wolseley Hornet six">Wolseley Hornet</a> (1930-1936)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 254px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 252px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1934_Alfa_Romeo_8C_2300_Spider_Zagato.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Alfa Romeo 8C (1931-1939)"><img alt="Alfa Romeo 8C (1931-1939)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/1934_Alfa_Romeo_8C_2300_Spider_Zagato.jpg/378px-1934_Alfa_Romeo_8C_2300_Spider_Zagato.jpg" decoding="async" width="252" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/1934_Alfa_Romeo_8C_2300_Spider_Zagato.jpg/568px-1934_Alfa_Romeo_8C_2300_Spider_Zagato.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/1934_Alfa_Romeo_8C_2300_Spider_Zagato.jpg/756px-1934_Alfa_Romeo_8C_2300_Spider_Zagato.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3833" data-file-height="2284" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Alfa_Romeo_8C" title="Alfa Romeo 8C">Alfa Romeo 8C</a> (1931-1939)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 227.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 225.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Paris_-_Retromobile_2012_-_Bugatti_type_57SC_Atlantic_-_1936_-_001.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bugatti Type 57 (1934-1940)"><img alt="Bugatti Type 57 (1934-1940)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Paris_-_Retromobile_2012_-_Bugatti_type_57SC_Atlantic_-_1936_-_001.jpg/338px-Paris_-_Retromobile_2012_-_Bugatti_type_57SC_Atlantic_-_1936_-_001.jpg" decoding="async" width="226" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Paris_-_Retromobile_2012_-_Bugatti_type_57SC_Atlantic_-_1936_-_001.jpg/507px-Paris_-_Retromobile_2012_-_Bugatti_type_57SC_Atlantic_-_1936_-_001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Paris_-_Retromobile_2012_-_Bugatti_type_57SC_Atlantic_-_1936_-_001.jpg/675px-Paris_-_Retromobile_2012_-_Bugatti_type_57SC_Atlantic_-_1936_-_001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4752" data-file-height="3168" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Bugatti_Type_57" title="Bugatti Type 57">Bugatti Type 57</a> (1934-1940)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 213.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 211.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:SS_Jaguar_100_-_2%C2%BD_Litre_1938.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="SS Jaguar 100 (1936-1939)"><img alt="SS Jaguar 100 (1936-1939)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/SS_Jaguar_100_-_2%C2%BD_Litre_1938.jpg/317px-SS_Jaguar_100_-_2%C2%BD_Litre_1938.jpg" decoding="async" width="212" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/SS_Jaguar_100_-_2%C2%BD_Litre_1938.jpg/476px-SS_Jaguar_100_-_2%C2%BD_Litre_1938.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/SS_Jaguar_100_-_2%C2%BD_Litre_1938.jpg/633px-SS_Jaguar_100_-_2%C2%BD_Litre_1938.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3382" data-file-height="2405" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/SS_Jaguar_100" title="SS Jaguar 100">SS Jaguar 100</a> (1936-1939)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 241.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 239.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:BMW_328_1938.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="BMW 328 (1936-1940)"><img alt="BMW 328 (1936-1940)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/BMW_328_1938.jpg/359px-BMW_328_1938.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/BMW_328_1938.jpg/539px-BMW_328_1938.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/BMW_328_1938.jpg/718px-BMW_328_1938.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1495" data-file-height="938" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/BMW_328" title="BMW 328">BMW 328</a> (1936-1940)</div> </li> </ul> <div style="clear:right;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1939–1959:_Expansion_following_World_War_II"><span id="1939.E2.80.931959:_Expansion_following_World_War_II"></span>1939–1959: Expansion following World War II</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sports_car&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: 1939–1959: Expansion following World War II"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The decade following the Second World War saw an "immense growth of interest in the sports car, but also the most important and diverse technical developments [and] very rapid and genuine improvement in the qualities of every modern production car; assisted by new design and manufacturing techniques a consistently higher level of handling properties has been achieved."<sup id="cite_ref-:5_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Italy, a small but wealthy market segment allowed for the manufacture of a limited number of high-performance models directly allied to contemporary Grand Prix machines,<sup id="cite_ref-:5_73-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> such as the 1948 <a href="/wiki/Ferrari_166_S" title="Ferrari 166 S">Ferrari 166 S</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> A new concept altogether was the modern <i><a href="/wiki/Grand_tourer" title="Grand tourer">Gran Turismo</a></i> class from Italy, which was in effect unknown before the war: sustained high-speed motoring from relatively modest engine size and compact closed or <i><a href="/wiki/Berlinetta" title="Berlinetta">berlinetta</a></i> coachwork.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_73-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 1947 <a href="/wiki/Maserati_A6#A6_1500" title="Maserati A6">Maserati A6 1500</a> two-seat berlinetta was the first production model from Maserati. </p><p>In Germany, the motor industry was devastated by the war, but a small number of manufacturers returned it to prominence. In 1948, the <a href="/wiki/Porsche_356" title="Porsche 356">Porsche 356</a> was released as the debut model from Porsche.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The significance of the Porsche 356 and its successors was described in 1957 as "future historians must see them as among the most important of mid-century production cars".<sup id="cite_ref-:5_73-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 1954 <a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_300_SL" title="Mercedes-Benz 300 SL">Mercedes-Benz 300 SL</a> is another significant car from this era.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_73-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed" style="text-align:left"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 260px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 258px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ferrari_166MM_Barchetta.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Ferrari 166 Inter Barchetta (1948-1953)"><img alt="Ferrari 166 Inter Barchetta (1948-1953)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Ferrari_166MM_Barchetta.JPG/387px-Ferrari_166MM_Barchetta.JPG" decoding="async" width="258" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Ferrari_166MM_Barchetta.JPG/581px-Ferrari_166MM_Barchetta.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Ferrari_166MM_Barchetta.JPG/773px-Ferrari_166MM_Barchetta.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2900" data-file-height="1688" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Ferrari_166_Inter" title="Ferrari 166 Inter">Ferrari 166 Inter</a> Barchetta (1948-1953)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 247.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 245.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Jaguar_XK_120_OTS_SE_1953.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jaguar XK120 Roadster (1948-1954)"><img alt="Jaguar XK120 Roadster (1948-1954)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Jaguar_XK_120_OTS_SE_1953.jpg/368px-Jaguar_XK_120_OTS_SE_1953.jpg" decoding="async" width="246" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Jaguar_XK_120_OTS_SE_1953.jpg/552px-Jaguar_XK_120_OTS_SE_1953.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Jaguar_XK_120_OTS_SE_1953.jpg/735px-Jaguar_XK_120_OTS_SE_1953.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1355" data-file-height="830" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Jaguar_XK120" title="Jaguar XK120">Jaguar XK120</a> Roadster (1948-1954)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 227.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 225.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2007-07-08_Porsche_356_C_(01_kl_ret).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Porsche 356 (1948-1965)"><img alt="Porsche 356 (1948-1965)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/2007-07-08_Porsche_356_C_%2801_kl_ret%29.jpg/338px-2007-07-08_Porsche_356_C_%2801_kl_ret%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="226" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/2007-07-08_Porsche_356_C_%2801_kl_ret%29.jpg/508px-2007-07-08_Porsche_356_C_%2801_kl_ret%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/2007-07-08_Porsche_356_C_%2801_kl_ret%29.jpg/676px-2007-07-08_Porsche_356_C_%2801_kl_ret%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1217" data-file-height="810" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Porsche_356" title="Porsche 356">Porsche 356</a> (1948-1965)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 227.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 225.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1961-ace-automobile-archives.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="AC Ace (1953-1963)"><img alt="AC Ace (1953-1963)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/1961-ace-automobile-archives.jpg/338px-1961-ace-automobile-archives.jpg" decoding="async" width="226" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/1961-ace-automobile-archives.jpg/507px-1961-ace-automobile-archives.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/1961-ace-automobile-archives.jpg/675px-1961-ace-automobile-archives.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="667" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/AC_Ace" title="AC Ace">AC Ace</a> (1953-1963)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 258px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 256px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Triumph-tr2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Triumph TR2 (1953-1955)"><img alt="Triumph TR2 (1953-1955)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Triumph-tr2.jpg/384px-Triumph-tr2.jpg" decoding="async" width="256" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Triumph-tr2.jpg/577px-Triumph-tr2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Triumph-tr2.jpg/768px-Triumph-tr2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="586" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Triumph_TR2" title="Triumph TR2">Triumph TR2</a> (1953-1955)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 272.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 270.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%2757_MG_MGA_Coupe_(Hudson).JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="MG MGA (1955-1959)"><img alt="MG MGA (1955-1959)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/%2757_MG_MGA_Coupe_%28Hudson%29.JPG/406px-%2757_MG_MGA_Coupe_%28Hudson%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="271" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/%2757_MG_MGA_Coupe_%28Hudson%29.JPG/610px-%2757_MG_MGA_Coupe_%28Hudson%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/%2757_MG_MGA_Coupe_%28Hudson%29.JPG/812px-%2757_MG_MGA_Coupe_%28Hudson%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2109" data-file-height="1169" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/MG_MGA" title="MG MGA">MG MGA</a> (1955-1959)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 296.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 294.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Austin_Healey_%27Frogeye%27_Sprite_-_Flickr_-_exfordy.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Austin-Healey Sprite (1958-1961)"><img alt="Austin-Healey Sprite (1958-1961)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Austin_Healey_%27Frogeye%27_Sprite_-_Flickr_-_exfordy.jpg/442px-Austin_Healey_%27Frogeye%27_Sprite_-_Flickr_-_exfordy.jpg" decoding="async" width="295" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Austin_Healey_%27Frogeye%27_Sprite_-_Flickr_-_exfordy.jpg/664px-Austin_Healey_%27Frogeye%27_Sprite_-_Flickr_-_exfordy.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Austin_Healey_%27Frogeye%27_Sprite_-_Flickr_-_exfordy.jpg/884px-Austin_Healey_%27Frogeye%27_Sprite_-_Flickr_-_exfordy.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3412" data-file-height="1738" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Austin-Healey_Sprite" title="Austin-Healey Sprite">Austin-Healey Sprite</a> (1958-1961)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1960–1979:_Lightweight_roadsters,_mid-engined_supercars"><span id="1960.E2.80.931979:_Lightweight_roadsters.2C_mid-engined_supercars"></span>1960–1979: Lightweight roadsters, mid-engined supercars</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sports_car&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: 1960–1979: Lightweight roadsters, mid-engined supercars"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The 1961 <a href="/wiki/Jaguar_E-Type" title="Jaguar E-Type">Jaguar E-Type</a> is an iconic sports car of the early 1960s, due to its attractive styling and claimed top speed of 241 km/h (150 mph). The E-type was produced for 14 years and was initially powered by a six-cylinder engine, followed by a V12 engine for the final generation. </p><p>In 1962, the <a href="/wiki/MG_MGB" title="MG MGB">MG B</a> introduced a new era of affordable lightweight four-cylinder roadsters. The MG B used a <a href="/wiki/Unibody" class="mw-redirect" title="Unibody">unibody</a> construction and was produced until 1980. Other successful lightweight roadsters include the <a href="/wiki/Triumph_Spitfire" title="Triumph Spitfire">Triumph Spitfire</a> (1962-1980) and the <a href="/wiki/Alfa_Romeo_Spider" title="Alfa Romeo Spider">Alfa Romeo Spider</a> (1966-1993). The <a href="/wiki/Fiat_X1/9" title="Fiat X1/9">Fiat X1/9</a> (1972-1989) was unusual for its use of a <a href="/wiki/Mid-engine_design" title="Mid-engine design">mid-engine design</a> in an affordable roadster model. A late entrant to the affordable roadster market was the 1975 <a href="/wiki/Triumph_TR7" title="Triumph TR7">Triumph TR7</a>, however by the late 1970s the demand for this style of car was in decline, resulting in production ceasing in 1982. </p><p>The original <a href="/wiki/Lotus_Elan" title="Lotus Elan">Lotus Elan</a> (1962-1975) two-seat coupe and roadster models are an early commercial success for the philosophy of achieving performance through minimizing weight and has been rated as one of the top 10 sports cars of the 1960s. The Elan featured fibreglass bodies, a backbone chassis, and overhead camshaft engines. </p><p>A different style of roadster was the <a href="/wiki/AC_Cobra" title="AC Cobra">AC Cobra</a>, released in 1962, which was fitted with V8 engines up to 7.0 L (427 cu in) in size by <a href="/wiki/Shelby_American" title="Shelby American">Shelby</a>. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Porsche_911" title="Porsche 911">Porsche 911</a> was released in 1964 and has remained in production since. The 911 is notable for its use of the uncommon <a href="/wiki/Rear-engine_design" title="Rear-engine design">rear-engine design</a> and the use of a <a href="/wiki/Flat-six_engine#Automotive_use" title="Flat-six engine">flat-six engine</a>. Another successful rear-engine sports car was the original <a href="/wiki/Alpine_A110" title="Alpine A110">Alpine A110</a> (1961-1977), which was a successful rally car during the <a href="/wiki/Group_4_(racing)#Rallying" class="mw-redirect" title="Group 4 (racing)">Group 4</a> era. </p><p>In 1965, the <a href="/wiki/BMW_New_Class#New_Class_Coupés" title="BMW New Class">BMW New Class Coupes</a> were released, leading to the <a href="/wiki/BMW_6_Series" title="BMW 6 Series">BMW 6 Series</a> which remains in production to this day. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Lamborghini_Miura" title="Lamborghini Miura">Lamborghini Miura</a> (1966) and <a href="/wiki/Alfa_Romeo_33_Stradale" title="Alfa Romeo 33 Stradale">Alfa Romeo 33 Stradale</a> (1967) mid-engined high-performance cars are often cited as the first <a href="/wiki/Supercar" title="Supercar">supercars</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-simonscars.co.uk_77-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-simonscars.co.uk-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other significant European models of the 1960s and 1970s which might be considered supercars today are the <a href="/wiki/Ferrari_250_GTO" title="Ferrari 250 GTO">Ferrari 250 GTO</a> (1962-1964), <a href="/wiki/Ferrari_250_GT_Lusso" title="Ferrari 250 GT Lusso">Ferrari 250 GT Lusso</a> (1963-1964), <a href="/wiki/Ferrari_275#275_GTB/4" title="Ferrari 275">Ferrari 275 GTB/4</a> (1966-1968), <a href="/wiki/Maserati_Ghibli#Ghibli_(AM115)" title="Maserati Ghibli">Maserati Ghibli</a> (1967-1973), <a href="/wiki/Ferrari_Daytona" title="Ferrari Daytona">Ferrari Daytona</a> (1968-1973), <a href="/wiki/Dino_206_GT_and_246_GT" title="Dino 206 GT and 246 GT">Dino 246</a> (1969-1974), <a href="/wiki/De_Tomaso_Pantera" title="De Tomaso Pantera">De Tomaso Pantera</a> (1971-1993), <a href="/wiki/Ferrari_308_GTB/GTS#308_GTB/GTS" title="Ferrari 308 GTB/GTS">Ferrari 308 GTB</a> (1975-1980) and <a href="/wiki/BMW_M1" title="BMW M1">BMW M1</a> (1978-1981). </p><p>In 1966, the <a href="/wiki/Jensen_FF" title="Jensen FF">Jensen FF</a> became the first sports car to use <a href="/wiki/All-wheel_drive" class="mw-redirect" title="All-wheel drive">all-wheel drive</a>. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Ford_Capri" title="Ford Capri">Ford Capri</a> is a 2+2 coupe that was produced from 1968 to 1986 and intended to be a smaller European equivalent of the Ford Mustang. A main rival to the Capri was <a href="/wiki/Opel_Manta" title="Opel Manta">Opel Manta</a>, which was produced from 1970 to 1988. </p><p>The 1973-1978 <a href="/wiki/Lancia_Stratos" title="Lancia Stratos">Lancia Stratos</a> was a mid-engined two-seat coupe that was powered by a Ferrari V6 engine. This was an unusual arrangement for a car used to compete in rallying, nonetheless it was very successful and won the World Rally Championship in <a href="/wiki/1974_World_Rally_Championship" title="1974 World Rally Championship">1974</a>, <a href="/wiki/1975_World_Rally_Championship" title="1975 World Rally Championship">1975</a>, and <a href="/wiki/1976_World_Rally_Championship" title="1976 World Rally Championship">1976</a>. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Lancia_Montecarlo" title="Lancia Montecarlo">Lancia Montecarlo</a> was produced from 1975 to 1981 and is a mid-engine two-seater, available as a coupé or a targa-top. It was sold as Lancia Scorpion in the USA. Its racing variant, Montecarlo Turbo, won the <a href="/wiki/1979_World_Sportscar_Championship_season" class="mw-redirect" title="1979 World Sportscar Championship season">1979 World Championship for Makes</a> in its division and overall for <a href="/wiki/1980_World_Championship_for_Makes" class="mw-redirect" title="1980 World Championship for Makes">1980 World Championship for Makes</a> and <a href="/wiki/1981_World_Endurance_Championship_for_Makes" class="mw-redirect" title="1981 World Endurance Championship for Makes">1981 World Endurance Championship for Makes</a>. Montecarlo also won the 1980 <a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Rennsport_Meisterschaft" title="Deutsche Rennsport Meisterschaft">Deutsche Rennsport Meisterschaft</a> and <a href="/wiki/Giro_d%27Italia_automobilistico" title="Giro d'Italia automobilistico">Giro d'Italia automobilistico</a> marathon. The Montecarlo was a basis for the <a href="/wiki/Silhouette_racing_car" title="Silhouette racing car">silhouette racing car</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lancia_Rally_037" title="Lancia Rally 037">Lancia Rally 037</a>. </p><p>In the 1970s, <a href="/wiki/Turbocharger" title="Turbocharger">turbocharging</a> began to be adopted by sports cars, such as the <a href="/wiki/BMW_2002" class="mw-redirect" title="BMW 2002">BMW 2002 Turbo</a> in 1973, the first <a href="/wiki/Porsche_911_(930)" title="Porsche 911 (930)">Porsche 911 Turbo</a> in 1975, and the <a href="/wiki/Saab_99" title="Saab 99">Saab 99</a> Turbo in 1978. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed" style="text-align:left"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 258.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 256.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1963_Jaguar_XKE_(36361803993)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Jaguar E-Type (1961-1974)"><img alt="Jaguar E-Type (1961-1974)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/1963_Jaguar_XKE_%2836361803993%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/385px-1963_Jaguar_XKE_%2836361803993%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="257" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/1963_Jaguar_XKE_%2836361803993%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/578px-1963_Jaguar_XKE_%2836361803993%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/1963_Jaguar_XKE_%2836361803993%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/770px-1963_Jaguar_XKE_%2836361803993%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5224" data-file-height="3056" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Jaguar_E-Type#Series_1_(1961–68)" title="Jaguar E-Type">Jaguar E-Type</a> (1961-1974)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 302px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 300px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:01-bonhams-ferrari-monterey-2014-1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ferrari 250 GTO (1962-1964)"><img alt="Ferrari 250 GTO (1962-1964)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/01-bonhams-ferrari-monterey-2014-1.jpg/450px-01-bonhams-ferrari-monterey-2014-1.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/01-bonhams-ferrari-monterey-2014-1.jpg/676px-01-bonhams-ferrari-monterey-2014-1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/01-bonhams-ferrari-monterey-2014-1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="360" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Ferrari_250_GTO" title="Ferrari 250 GTO">Ferrari 250 GTO</a> (1962-1964)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 248px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 246px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:MG_MGB_open_roadster_1969.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="MG MGB (1962-1980)"><img alt="MG MGB (1962-1980)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/MG_MGB_open_roadster_1969.jpg/369px-MG_MGB_open_roadster_1969.jpg" decoding="async" width="246" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/MG_MGB_open_roadster_1969.jpg/555px-MG_MGB_open_roadster_1969.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/MG_MGB_open_roadster_1969.jpg/738px-MG_MGB_open_roadster_1969.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3372" data-file-height="2056" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/MG_MGB" title="MG MGB">MG MGB</a> (1962-1980)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 252px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 250px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Porsche_911E_ca_1969.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Porsche 911 (1965-present)"><img alt="Porsche 911 (1965-present)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Porsche_911E_ca_1969.jpg/375px-Porsche_911E_ca_1969.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Porsche_911E_ca_1969.jpg/563px-Porsche_911E_ca_1969.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Porsche_911E_ca_1969.jpg/750px-Porsche_911E_ca_1969.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1821" data-file-height="1093" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Porsche_911_(classic)#2.0-litre_/_O,_A_and_B_series_(1964–1969)" title="Porsche 911 (classic)">Porsche 911</a> (1965-present)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 226.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 224.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lamborghini_Miura_(Kirchzarten)_jm21313.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lamborghini Miura (1966-1973)"><img alt="Lamborghini Miura (1966-1973)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Lamborghini_Miura_%28Kirchzarten%29_jm21313.jpg/337px-Lamborghini_Miura_%28Kirchzarten%29_jm21313.jpg" decoding="async" width="225" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Lamborghini_Miura_%28Kirchzarten%29_jm21313.jpg/507px-Lamborghini_Miura_%28Kirchzarten%29_jm21313.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Lamborghini_Miura_%28Kirchzarten%29_jm21313.jpg/675px-Lamborghini_Miura_%28Kirchzarten%29_jm21313.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7342" data-file-height="4900" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Lamborghini_Miura" title="Lamborghini Miura">Lamborghini Miura</a> (1966-1973)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 246.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 244.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1974_Lancia_Stratos_Stradale_at_Greenwich_2021,_front_left.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lancia Stratos (1973-1978)"><img alt="Lancia Stratos (1973-1978)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/1974_Lancia_Stratos_Stradale_at_Greenwich_2021%2C_front_left.jpg/367px-1974_Lancia_Stratos_Stradale_at_Greenwich_2021%2C_front_left.jpg" decoding="async" width="245" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/1974_Lancia_Stratos_Stradale_at_Greenwich_2021%2C_front_left.jpg/552px-1974_Lancia_Stratos_Stradale_at_Greenwich_2021%2C_front_left.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/1974_Lancia_Stratos_Stradale_at_Greenwich_2021%2C_front_left.jpg/734px-1974_Lancia_Stratos_Stradale_at_Greenwich_2021%2C_front_left.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5364" data-file-height="3288" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Lancia_Stratos" title="Lancia Stratos">Lancia Stratos</a> (1973-1978)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1980–1999:_Turbocharging_and_all-wheel_drive_emerge"><span id="1980.E2.80.931999:_Turbocharging_and_all-wheel_drive_emerge"></span>1980–1999: Turbocharging and all-wheel drive emerge</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sports_car&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: 1980–1999: Turbocharging and all-wheel drive emerge"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Turbocharger" title="Turbocharger">Turbocharging</a> became increasingly popular in the 1980s, from relatively affordable coupes such as the 1980–1986 <a href="/wiki/Renault_Fuego" title="Renault Fuego">Renault Fuego</a> and 1992–1996 <a href="/wiki/Rover_200_Coup%C3%A9#220_Coupé_Turbo" title="Rover 200 Coupé">Rover 220 Coupé Turbo</a>, to expensive supercars such as the 1984-1987 <a href="/wiki/Ferrari_288_GTO" title="Ferrari 288 GTO">Ferrari 288 GTO</a> and 1987-1992 <a href="/wiki/Ferrari_F40" title="Ferrari F40">Ferrari F40</a>. </p><p>In the late 1980s and early 1990s, several manufacturers developed supercars that competed for <a href="/wiki/Production_car_speed_record" title="Production car speed record">production car top speed records</a>. These cars included the 1986–1993 <a href="/wiki/Porsche_959" title="Porsche 959">Porsche 959</a>, 1991–1995 <a href="/wiki/Bugatti_EB_110" title="Bugatti EB 110">Bugatti EB 110</a>, 1992–1994 <a href="/wiki/Jaguar_XJ220" title="Jaguar XJ220">Jaguar XJ220</a> and 1993–998 <a href="/wiki/McLaren_F1" title="McLaren F1">McLaren F1</a>. </p><p>The 1980-1995 <a href="/wiki/Audi_Quattro" title="Audi Quattro">Audi Quattro</a> was a pioneering <a href="/wiki/All-wheel_drive" class="mw-redirect" title="All-wheel drive">all-wheel drive</a> sports car. The 1995 <a href="/wiki/Porsche_993#Turbo" class="mw-redirect" title="Porsche 993">Porsche 911 Turbo (993)</a> saw the 911 Turbo model switch to all-wheel drive, a drivetrain layout that the model uses to this day. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/BMW_M3" title="BMW M3">BMW M3</a> was released in 1986 and has been produced for every generation since. The 1993-1996 <a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_W124" title="Mercedes-Benz W124">Mercedes-Benz W124</a> E36 AMG was the mass-produced AMG model.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Audi's equivalent division, called "RS", was launched in 1994 with the <a href="/wiki/Audi_RS_2_Avant" title="Audi RS 2 Avant">Audi RS 2 Avant</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Ford_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Ford Europe">Ford Europe</a> withdrew from the sports car market at the end of 1986 when the Capri was discontinued after a production run of nearly two decades. There was no direct successor, as Ford was concentrating on higher-performance versions of its hatchback and saloon models at the time. </p><p>In 1989, a new generation of <a href="/wiki/Lotus_Elan#Elan_M100" title="Lotus Elan">Lotus Elan</a> roadster was released which used a <a href="/wiki/Front-wheel_drive" title="Front-wheel drive">front-wheel drive</a> layout, a controversial choice for a "purist" sports car. The Elan sold poorly and was discontinued after three years. The 1996 <a href="/wiki/Lotus_Elise" title="Lotus Elise">Lotus Elise</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Rear_mid-engine,_rear-wheel-drive_layout" title="Rear mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout">mid-engined, rear-wheel drive</a> roadster, was much more successful and remained in production until 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_81-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Roadster_(automobile)" class="mw-redirect" title="Roadster (automobile)">Roadsters</a> enjoyed a resurgence in the mid-1990s, including the 1989-present <a href="/wiki/Mazda_MX-5" title="Mazda MX-5">Mazda MX-5</a>, the 1995-2002 <a href="/wiki/BMW_Z3" title="BMW Z3">BMW Z3</a> (succeeded by the 2002-2016 <a href="/wiki/BMW_Z4" class="mw-redirect" title="BMW Z4">BMW Z4</a>), the 1995-2002 <a href="/wiki/MG_F" class="mw-redirect" title="MG F">MG F</a>, the 1996–present <a href="/wiki/Porsche_Boxster" class="mw-redirect" title="Porsche Boxster">Porsche Boxster</a> and the 1998–present <a href="/wiki/Audi_TT" title="Audi TT">Audi TT</a>. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Honda_S2000" title="Honda S2000">Honda S2000</a> roadster was introduced in 1999 for the 2000 model year and was noted for its high-revving 4-cylinder engine and its exceptionally high <a href="/wiki/Specific_output" title="Specific output">specific output</a> of 125 horsepower per litre. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed" style="text-align:left"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 232px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Audi_Quattro_green.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Audi Quattro (1980-1991)"><img alt="Audi Quattro (1980-1991)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Audi_Quattro_green.jpg/345px-Audi_Quattro_green.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Audi_Quattro_green.jpg/519px-Audi_Quattro_green.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Audi_Quattro_green.jpg/690px-Audi_Quattro_green.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1043" data-file-height="680" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Audi_Quattro" title="Audi Quattro">Audi Quattro</a> (1980-1991)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 201.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 199.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:DT121563_(4724925097).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="BMW M3 (E30) (1986-1991)"><img alt="BMW M3 (E30) (1986-1991)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/DT121563_%284724925097%29.jpg/299px-DT121563_%284724925097%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/DT121563_%284724925097%29.jpg/449px-DT121563_%284724925097%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/DT121563_%284724925097%29.jpg/598px-DT121563_%284724925097%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2206" data-file-height="1660" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/BMW_M3#E30_generation_(1986–1991)" title="BMW M3">BMW M3 (E30)</a> (1986-1991)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 202px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ferrari_F40_(7434297012).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ferrari F40 (1987-1992)"><img alt="Ferrari F40 (1987-1992)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Ferrari_F40_%287434297012%29.jpg/300px-Ferrari_F40_%287434297012%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Ferrari_F40_%287434297012%29.jpg/451px-Ferrari_F40_%287434297012%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Ferrari_F40_%287434297012%29.jpg/600px-Ferrari_F40_%287434297012%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="720" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Ferrari_F40" title="Ferrari F40">Ferrari F40</a> (1987-1992)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 213.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 211.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1991_Mazda_MX-5_Miata_in_Classic_Red,_Front_Right,_07-15-2022.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mazda MX-5 (NA) (1989-1997)"><img alt="Mazda MX-5 (NA) (1989-1997)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/1991_Mazda_MX-5_Miata_in_Classic_Red%2C_Front_Right%2C_07-15-2022.jpg/317px-1991_Mazda_MX-5_Miata_in_Classic_Red%2C_Front_Right%2C_07-15-2022.jpg" decoding="async" width="212" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/1991_Mazda_MX-5_Miata_in_Classic_Red%2C_Front_Right%2C_07-15-2022.jpg/476px-1991_Mazda_MX-5_Miata_in_Classic_Red%2C_Front_Right%2C_07-15-2022.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/1991_Mazda_MX-5_Miata_in_Classic_Red%2C_Front_Right%2C_07-15-2022.jpg/633px-1991_Mazda_MX-5_Miata_in_Classic_Red%2C_Front_Right%2C_07-15-2022.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3858" data-file-height="2742" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Mazda_MX-5_(NA)" title="Mazda MX-5 (NA)">Mazda MX-5 (NA)</a> (1989-1997)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 227.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 225.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Salon_Priv%C3%A9_London_2012_(7956725492).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="McLaren F1 (1993-1998)"><img alt="McLaren F1 (1993-1998)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Salon_Priv%C3%A9_London_2012_%287956725492%29.jpg/338px-Salon_Priv%C3%A9_London_2012_%287956725492%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="226" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Salon_Priv%C3%A9_London_2012_%287956725492%29.jpg/507px-Salon_Priv%C3%A9_London_2012_%287956725492%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Salon_Priv%C3%A9_London_2012_%287956725492%29.jpg/675px-Salon_Priv%C3%A9_London_2012_%287956725492%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/McLaren_F1" title="McLaren F1">McLaren F1</a> (1993-1998)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 227.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 225.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2003_Porsche_986_Boxster_S_(14090080824).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Porsche Boxster (986) (1996-2004)"><img alt="Porsche Boxster (986) (1996-2004)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/2003_Porsche_986_Boxster_S_%2814090080824%29.jpg/338px-2003_Porsche_986_Boxster_S_%2814090080824%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="226" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/2003_Porsche_986_Boxster_S_%2814090080824%29.jpg/507px-2003_Porsche_986_Boxster_S_%2814090080824%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/2003_Porsche_986_Boxster_S_%2814090080824%29.jpg/675px-2003_Porsche_986_Boxster_S_%2814090080824%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4800" data-file-height="3200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Porsche_986" class="mw-redirect" title="Porsche 986">Porsche Boxster (986)</a> (1996-2004)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2000–present:_Turbos_become_dominant,_hybrids_emerge"><span id="2000.E2.80.93present:_Turbos_become_dominant.2C_hybrids_emerge"></span>2000–present: Turbos become dominant, hybrids emerge</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sports_car&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: 2000–present: Turbos become dominant, hybrids emerge"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The 2000–2021<sup id="cite_ref-:6_81-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Lotus_Exige" title="Lotus Exige">Lotus Exige</a> was introduced as a coupe version of Elise. Similarly, <a href="/wiki/Porsche_987#Cayman" class="mw-redirect" title="Porsche 987">Porsche Cayman (987)</a> was introduced in 2006 as the coupe equivalent to the Porsche Boxster roadster. Lotus also expanded its model range with the 2009–2021<sup id="cite_ref-:6_81-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Lotus_Evora" title="Lotus Evora">Lotus Evora</a>, a larger four-seat coupe. </p><p>Audi's first mid-engined supercar is the 2006–present <a href="/wiki/Audi_R8" title="Audi R8">Audi R8</a>. Other sports cars of the 2000s were the 2005-2010 <a href="/wiki/Alfa_Romeo_Brera_and_Spider" title="Alfa Romeo Brera and Spider">Alfa Romeo Brera/Spider</a>, 2009-2015 <a href="/wiki/Peugeot_RCZ" title="Peugeot RCZ">Peugeot RCZ</a>, and the 2008-2017 reintroduction of the <a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Scirocco#Third_generation_(2008–2017)" title="Volkswagen Scirocco">Volkswagen Scirocco</a> (a coupe based on the VW Golf platform). </p><p>Reflecting overall car industry trends, the mid-2010s saw <a href="/wiki/Naturally_aspirated_engine" title="Naturally aspirated engine">naturally aspirated engines</a> being replaced by <a href="/wiki/Turbocharger" title="Turbocharger">turbocharged</a> engines. Ferrari's first regular production turbocharged engine was used in the 2014-2017 <a href="/wiki/Ferrari_California#Ferrari_California_T_(2014–2017)" title="Ferrari California">Ferrari California T</a>, followed by the 2015-2019 <a href="/wiki/Ferrari_488" title="Ferrari 488">Ferrari 488</a>. Similarly, in 2016, the <a href="/wiki/Porsche_991#Second_phase_(2016–present)_(991.2)" class="mw-redirect" title="Porsche 991">Porsche 911 (991.2)</a> began to use turbocharging on all models and the <a href="/wiki/Porsche_982" class="mw-redirect" title="Porsche 982">Porsche 982</a> Cayman/Boxster downsized from a six-cylinder engine to a turbocharged four-cylinder engine. </p><p>Also in the 2010s, <a href="/wiki/Dual-clutch_transmission" title="Dual-clutch transmission">dual-clutch transmissions</a> became more widespread, causing manual transmissions to decline in sales and no longer be offered on some models. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Hybrid_electric_vehicle" title="Hybrid electric vehicle">Hybrid-electric</a> sports cars began to appear in the 2010s— notably the 2013-2016 <a href="/wiki/LaFerrari" title="LaFerrari">LaFerrari</a>, 2013-2015 <a href="/wiki/McLaren_P1" title="McLaren P1">McLaren P1</a>, 2013-2015 <a href="/wiki/Porsche_918_Spyder" title="Porsche 918 Spyder">Porsche 918 Spyder</a> "hypercars". The 2014–2020 <a href="/wiki/BMW_i8" title="BMW i8">BMW i8</a> was also an early plug-in hybrid sports car. </p><p>McLaren began permanent car manufacturing operations with the 2011-2014 <a href="/wiki/McLaren_12C" title="McLaren 12C">McLaren 12C</a>. </p><p>In 2013, the <a href="/wiki/Jaguar_F-Type" title="Jaguar F-Type">Jaguar F-Type</a> saw the brand return to the two-seat sports car market, with the four-seat grand tourer Jaguar XK discontinued the following year. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/BMW_2_Series_(F22)" title="BMW 2 Series (F22)">BMW 2 Series</a> coupe and convertible were introduced in 2013 to sit below the larger <a href="/wiki/BMW_4_Series" title="BMW 4 Series">BMW 4 Series</a> models, with the new <a href="/wiki/BMW_M2" title="BMW M2">BMW M2</a> high-performance model introduced in 2015. </p><p>The 2013–present <a href="/wiki/Alfa_Romeo_4C" title="Alfa Romeo 4C">Alfa Romeo 4C</a> two-seat coupe and roadster used a carbon-fibre body and became Alfa's first mid-engine sports car since the 1967-1969 Alfa Romeo 33 Stradale. </p><p>Fiat had exited the roadster market with the end of <a href="/wiki/Fiat_Barchetta" title="Fiat Barchetta">Fiat Barchetta</a> production in 2005. The company resumed production of roadsters in 2016 with the <a href="/wiki/Fiat_124_Spider_(2016)" title="Fiat 124 Spider (2016)">Fiat 124 Spider</a>, which is based on the Mazda MX-5. </p><p>In 2017, Renault revived the Alpine brand for the 2017–present <a href="/wiki/Alpine_A110_(2017)" title="Alpine A110 (2017)">Alpine A110</a> mid-engine coupe. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed" style="text-align:left"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 228.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 226.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Red_Bugatti_Veyron_on_the_road_(7559997596).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bugatti Veyron (2005-2015)"><img alt="Bugatti Veyron (2005-2015)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Red_Bugatti_Veyron_on_the_road_%287559997596%29.jpg/340px-Red_Bugatti_Veyron_on_the_road_%287559997596%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="227" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Red_Bugatti_Veyron_on_the_road_%287559997596%29.jpg/510px-Red_Bugatti_Veyron_on_the_road_%287559997596%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/Red_Bugatti_Veyron_on_the_road_%287559997596%29.jpg/679px-Red_Bugatti_Veyron_on_the_road_%287559997596%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2200" data-file-height="1458" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Bugatti_Veyron" title="Bugatti Veyron">Bugatti Veyron</a> (2005-2015)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 242px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 240px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Festival_automobile_international_2014_-_Alfa_Romeo_4C_-_009.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Alfa Romeo 4C (2013-2018)"><img alt="Alfa Romeo 4C (2013-2018)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Festival_automobile_international_2014_-_Alfa_Romeo_4C_-_009.jpg/360px-Festival_automobile_international_2014_-_Alfa_Romeo_4C_-_009.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Festival_automobile_international_2014_-_Alfa_Romeo_4C_-_009.jpg/541px-Festival_automobile_international_2014_-_Alfa_Romeo_4C_-_009.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Festival_automobile_international_2014_-_Alfa_Romeo_4C_-_009.jpg/720px-Festival_automobile_international_2014_-_Alfa_Romeo_4C_-_009.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5120" data-file-height="3200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Alfa_Romeo_4C" title="Alfa Romeo 4C">Alfa Romeo 4C</a> (2013-2018)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 227.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 225.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:McLaren_P1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="McLaren P1 (2013-2015)"><img alt="McLaren P1 (2013-2015)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/McLaren_P1.jpg/338px-McLaren_P1.jpg" decoding="async" width="226" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/McLaren_P1.jpg/507px-McLaren_P1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/McLaren_P1.jpg/675px-McLaren_P1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3896" data-file-height="2597" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/McLaren_P1" title="McLaren P1">McLaren P1</a> (2013-2015)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 342.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 340.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2016_BMW_i8.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="BMW i8 (2014-2020)"><img alt="BMW i8 (2014-2020)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/2016_BMW_i8.jpg/511px-2016_BMW_i8.jpg" decoding="async" width="341" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/2016_BMW_i8.jpg/768px-2016_BMW_i8.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/2016_BMW_i8.jpg/1022px-2016_BMW_i8.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5177" data-file-height="2281" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/BMW_i8" title="BMW i8">BMW i8</a> (2014-2020)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 227.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 225.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Festival_automobile_international_2018_-_Alpine_A110_-_004.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Alpine A110 (2017) (2017-present)"><img alt="Alpine A110 (2017) (2017-present)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Festival_automobile_international_2018_-_Alpine_A110_-_004.jpg/338px-Festival_automobile_international_2018_-_Alpine_A110_-_004.jpg" decoding="async" width="226" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Festival_automobile_international_2018_-_Alpine_A110_-_004.jpg/507px-Festival_automobile_international_2018_-_Alpine_A110_-_004.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Festival_automobile_international_2018_-_Alpine_A110_-_004.jpg/675px-Festival_automobile_international_2018_-_Alpine_A110_-_004.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5472" data-file-height="3648" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Alpine_A110_(2017)" title="Alpine A110 (2017)">Alpine A110 (2017)</a> (2017-present)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="United_States">United States</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sports_car&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: United States"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the 1910s and 1920s, American manufacturers of smaller sports cars included <a href="/wiki/Apperson" title="Apperson">Apperson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kissel_Motor_Car_Company" title="Kissel Motor Car Company">Kissel</a>, Marion, Midland, National, <a href="/wiki/Overland_Automobile" title="Overland Automobile">Overland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stoddard-Dayton" title="Stoddard-Dayton">Stoddard-Dayton</a> and Thomas; manufacturers of larger sports cars included Chadwick, <a href="/wiki/Mercer_(car)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mercer (car)">Mercer</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Stutz_Motor_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Stutz Motor Company">Stutz Motor Company</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_49-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Crane-Simplex" title="Crane-Simplex">Simplex</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Georgano_52-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Georgano-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Since the 1960s, American performance cars have often been designed as <a href="/wiki/Muscle_car" title="Muscle car">muscle cars</a> rather than sports cars. However, several American two-seat sports cars have also been produced, such as the 1953–present <a href="/wiki/Chevrolet_Corvette" title="Chevrolet Corvette">Chevrolet Corvette</a>, 1962-1967 <a href="/wiki/AC_Cobra" title="AC Cobra">Shelby Cobra</a>, 1983-1988 <a href="/wiki/Pontiac_Fiero" title="Pontiac Fiero">Pontiac Fiero</a>, 1991-2017 <a href="/wiki/Dodge_Viper" title="Dodge Viper">Dodge Viper</a>, and 2005-2006 <a href="/wiki/Ford_GT" title="Ford GT">Ford GT</a>. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed" style="text-align:left"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 202px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1913_Mercer_Series_J,_Type_35_Raceabout_(1418364979).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mercer Type 35 Raceabout (1910-1913)"><img alt="Mercer Type 35 Raceabout (1910-1913)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/1913_Mercer_Series_J%2C_Type_35_Raceabout_%281418364979%29.jpg/300px-1913_Mercer_Series_J%2C_Type_35_Raceabout_%281418364979%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/1913_Mercer_Series_J%2C_Type_35_Raceabout_%281418364979%29.jpg/451px-1913_Mercer_Series_J%2C_Type_35_Raceabout_%281418364979%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/1913_Mercer_Series_J%2C_Type_35_Raceabout_%281418364979%29.jpg/600px-1913_Mercer_Series_J%2C_Type_35_Raceabout_%281418364979%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Mercer_(automobile)#Type_35R_Raceabout" title="Mercer (automobile)">Mercer Type 35 Raceabout</a> <br /> (1910-1913)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 242px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 240px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:53_Corvette.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chevrolet Corvette (C1) (1953-1962)"><img alt="Chevrolet Corvette (C1) (1953-1962)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/53_Corvette.jpg/360px-53_Corvette.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/53_Corvette.jpg/541px-53_Corvette.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/df/53_Corvette.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Chevrolet_Corvette_(C1)" title="Chevrolet Corvette (C1)">Chevrolet Corvette (C1)</a> <br /> (1953-1962)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 292px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 290px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%22_14_Fiat-Chrysler_SRT_Viper_GTS_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Dodge Viper (1991-2017)"><img alt="Dodge Viper (1991-2017)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/%22_14_Fiat-Chrysler_SRT_Viper_GTS_%28cropped%29.jpg/435px-%22_14_Fiat-Chrysler_SRT_Viper_GTS_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/%22_14_Fiat-Chrysler_SRT_Viper_GTS_%28cropped%29.jpg/653px-%22_14_Fiat-Chrysler_SRT_Viper_GTS_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/%22_14_Fiat-Chrysler_SRT_Viper_GTS_%28cropped%29.jpg/870px-%22_14_Fiat-Chrysler_SRT_Viper_GTS_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4417" data-file-height="2287" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Dodge_Viper" title="Dodge Viper">Dodge Viper</a> (1991-2017)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 242px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 240px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ford_GT_Culvers.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ford GT (2005-2006)"><img alt="Ford GT (2005-2006)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Ford_GT_Culvers.jpg/360px-Ford_GT_Culvers.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Ford_GT_Culvers.jpg/541px-Ford_GT_Culvers.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Ford_GT_Culvers.jpg/720px-Ford_GT_Culvers.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3840" data-file-height="2400" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Ford_GT" title="Ford GT">Ford GT</a> <br /> (2005-2006)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 290px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 288px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chevrolet_Corvette_C8_IAA_2021_1X7A0156.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Chevrolet Corvette (C8) (2019-present)"><img alt="Chevrolet Corvette (C8) (2019-present)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Chevrolet_Corvette_C8_IAA_2021_1X7A0156.jpg/432px-Chevrolet_Corvette_C8_IAA_2021_1X7A0156.jpg" decoding="async" width="288" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Chevrolet_Corvette_C8_IAA_2021_1X7A0156.jpg/649px-Chevrolet_Corvette_C8_IAA_2021_1X7A0156.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Chevrolet_Corvette_C8_IAA_2021_1X7A0156.jpg/864px-Chevrolet_Corvette_C8_IAA_2021_1X7A0156.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5712" data-file-height="2978" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Chevrolet_Corvette_(C8)" title="Chevrolet Corvette (C8)">Chevrolet Corvette (C8)</a> <br /> (2019-present)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Asia">Asia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sports_car&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Asia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1959–1968:_Beginnings"><span id="1959.E2.80.931968:_Beginnings"></span>1959–1968: Beginnings</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sports_car&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: 1959–1968: Beginnings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:224px;max-width:224px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:222px;max-width:222px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1962_Datsun_Fairlady_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/1962_Datsun_Fairlady_01.jpg/220px-1962_Datsun_Fairlady_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/1962_Datsun_Fairlady_01.jpg/330px-1962_Datsun_Fairlady_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/1962_Datsun_Fairlady_01.jpg/440px-1962_Datsun_Fairlady_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Datsun_Sports#SP310/SPL310" title="Datsun Sports">Datsun SP310</a> (1962)</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:222px;max-width:222px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1968_Mazda_Cosmo-Sport_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/1968_Mazda_Cosmo-Sport_01.jpg/220px-1968_Mazda_Cosmo-Sport_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/1968_Mazda_Cosmo-Sport_01.jpg/330px-1968_Mazda_Cosmo-Sport_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/1968_Mazda_Cosmo-Sport_01.jpg/440px-1968_Mazda_Cosmo-Sport_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Mazda_Cosmo" title="Mazda Cosmo">Mazda Cosmo</a> (1968)</div></div></div></div></div> <p>The first Japanese sports car was the 1959-1960 <a href="/wiki/Datsun_Sports#S211" title="Datsun Sports">Datsun 211</a>, a two-seat roadster built on the chassis of a compact pickup truck and powered by a 1.0 L (60 cu in) engine. Only 20 cars were built, and the 1963-1965 <a href="/wiki/Datsun_Sports#SP310/SPL310" title="Datsun Sports">Datsun SP310</a>— based on the chassis of a passenger sedan instead of a pickup truck— is often considered Datsun's first mass-production sports car. </p><p>Honda's first sports car was the 1963-1964 <a href="/wiki/Honda_S500" title="Honda S500">Honda S500</a>, a two-seat roadster with independent suspension for all wheels and a 0.5 L (32 cu in) DOHC engine. In 1965, Toyota joined the two-seat roadster market with the <a href="/wiki/Toyota_Sports_800" title="Toyota Sports 800">Toyota Sports 800</a>. </p><p>Mazda is noted for its use of <a href="/wiki/Rotary_engine" title="Rotary engine">rotary engines</a>, beginning in 1967 with the <a href="/wiki/Mazda_Cosmo" title="Mazda Cosmo">Mazda Cosmo</a>. The Cosmo was a two-seat coupe with a 0.9 L (55 cu in) rotary engine producing up to 97 kW (130 bhp). Mazda continued to produce sports cars with rotary engines (sometimes turbocharged) until the <a href="/wiki/Mazda_RX-8" title="Mazda RX-8">Mazda RX-8</a> ended production in 2012. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Toyota_2000GT" title="Toyota 2000GT">Toyota 2000GT</a>, produced from 1967 to 1970, was an expensive two-seat coupe that greatly changed overseas perceptions of the Japanese automotive industry. The 2000GT demonstrated that Japan was capable of producing high-end sports cars to rival the traditional European brands. </p> <div style="clear:right;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1969–1977:_Mass_production_begins"><span id="1969.E2.80.931977:_Mass_production_begins"></span>1969–1977: Mass production begins</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sports_car&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: 1969–1977: Mass production begins"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:224px;max-width:224px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:222px;max-width:222px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mitsubishi_Colt_Galant_GTO_MR.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Mitsubishi_Colt_Galant_GTO_MR.jpg/220px-Mitsubishi_Colt_Galant_GTO_MR.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Mitsubishi_Colt_Galant_GTO_MR.jpg/330px-Mitsubishi_Colt_Galant_GTO_MR.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Mitsubishi_Colt_Galant_GTO_MR.jpg/440px-Mitsubishi_Colt_Galant_GTO_MR.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4383" data-file-height="2054" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_Galant_GTO" title="Mitsubishi Galant GTO">Mitsubishi Galant GTO</a> (1970-1977)</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:222px;max-width:222px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1977_Nissan_Fairlady_Z.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/1977_Nissan_Fairlady_Z.jpg/220px-1977_Nissan_Fairlady_Z.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/1977_Nissan_Fairlady_Z.jpg/330px-1977_Nissan_Fairlady_Z.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/1977_Nissan_Fairlady_Z.jpg/440px-1977_Nissan_Fairlady_Z.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4472" data-file-height="1916" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Datsun_240Z" class="mw-redirect" title="Datsun 240Z">Datsun 240Z</a> (1970-1974)</div></div></div></div></div> <p>In 1969, Nissan introduced the <a href="/wiki/Nissan_Z-car#First_generation:_Nissan_Fairlady_Z_and_Datsun_240Z,_260Z,_280Z" title="Nissan Z-car">Nissan Fairlady Z / Datsun 240Z</a> two-seat coupe, powered by a 2.4 L (146 cu in) six-cylinder engine and described as providing similar performance to the Jaguar E-Type at a more affordable price.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 240Z began the lineage of Nissan "Z cars" which continues through to today's <a href="/wiki/Nissan_Z_(RZ34)" title="Nissan Z (RZ34)">Nissan Z (RZ34)</a>. In 1974, Nissan expanded their coupe range with the <a href="/wiki/Nissan_Silvia" title="Nissan Silvia">Nissan Silvia</a> 2+2 coupe, which was powered by a four-cylinder engine and produced until 2002. </p><p>Also in 1969, Mitsubishi's first performance car was introduced, in the form of the <a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_Colt_800#Colt_1100F/11-F" title="Mitsubishi Colt 800">Mitsubishi Colt 11-F Super Sports</a> coupe. The 11-F Super Sports was followed by the 1970-1977 <a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_Galant_GTO" title="Mitsubishi Galant GTO">Mitsubishi Galant GTO</a> and 1971-1975 <a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_Galant_FTO" title="Mitsubishi Galant FTO">Mitsubishi Galant FTO</a>, both based on a platform shared with the Galant sedan. </p><p>Toyota's mass-production 2+2 coupes of the 1970s consisted of the Celica, Supra, Corolla Levin, and Sprinter Trueno. The <a href="/wiki/Toyota_Celica" title="Toyota Celica">Celica</a> was introduced in 1971 and remained in production until 2006. From 1979 to 1986, the <a href="/wiki/Toyota_Supra" title="Toyota Supra">Supra</a> name was used for six-cylinder versions of the Celica, until the Supra moved to a separate platform from 1986 to 2002. The <a href="/wiki/Toyota_Corolla_Levin_and_Toyota_Sprinter_Trueno" class="mw-redirect" title="Toyota Corolla Levin and Toyota Sprinter Trueno">Corolla Levin / Sprinter Trueno</a> were based on the Toyota Corolla hatchback platform and produced from 1972 to 2000. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Nissan_Skyline_GT-R" title="Nissan Skyline GT-R">Nissan Skyline GT-R</a> was initially produced as a sedan for two years before a coupe model was introduced in 1971. This first generation Skyline GT-R had rear-wheel drive, a 2.0 L (122 cu in) six-cylinder engine, and was produced until 1972. </p> <div style="clear:right;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1978–1988:_Front-wheel_drive_introduced"><span id="1978.E2.80.931988:_Front-wheel_drive_introduced"></span>1978–1988: Front-wheel drive introduced</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sports_car&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: 1978–1988: Front-wheel drive introduced"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:224px;max-width:224px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:222px;max-width:222px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1st-Toyota-MR2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/1st-Toyota-MR2.jpg/220px-1st-Toyota-MR2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/1st-Toyota-MR2.jpg/330px-1st-Toyota-MR2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/1st-Toyota-MR2.jpg/440px-1st-Toyota-MR2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2420" data-file-height="1426" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Toyota_MR2" title="Toyota MR2">Toyota MR2</a> (1984-1985)</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:222px;max-width:222px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1985_Mitsubishi_Starion_JB_(17028468325).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/1985_Mitsubishi_Starion_JB_%2817028468325%29.jpg/220px-1985_Mitsubishi_Starion_JB_%2817028468325%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/1985_Mitsubishi_Starion_JB_%2817028468325%29.jpg/330px-1985_Mitsubishi_Starion_JB_%2817028468325%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/1985_Mitsubishi_Starion_JB_%2817028468325%29.jpg/440px-1985_Mitsubishi_Starion_JB_%2817028468325%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3792" data-file-height="2528" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_Starion" title="Mitsubishi Starion">Mitsubishi Starion</a> (1985)</div></div></div></div></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Honda_Prelude" title="Honda Prelude">Honda Prelude</a> front-wheel drive 2+2 coupe was launched in 1978 and remained in production until 2001. The 1985-2006 <a href="/wiki/Honda_Integra" title="Honda Integra">Honda Integra</a> was also a front-wheel drive 2+2 coupe produced by Honda. Other 2+2 models included the 1982-1989 <a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_Starion" title="Mitsubishi Starion">Mitsubishi Starion</a> (turbocharged and rear-wheel drive) and the 1985-1991 <a href="/wiki/Subaru_XT" title="Subaru XT">Subaru XT</a> (available with a turbocharger and all-wheel drive). Subaru has produced few sports cars in its history, instead focusing on rally-influenced sedans/hatchbacks for their performance models, such as the Liberty RS and Impreza WRX/STi models. </p><p>In 1984, the <a href="/wiki/Toyota_MR2" title="Toyota MR2">Toyota MR2</a> two-seat coupe became Japan's first production <a href="/wiki/Mid-engine" class="mw-redirect" title="Mid-engine">mid-engine</a> car. The MR2 switched to a two-seat roadster body style for the final generation from 1999 to 2007. </p><p>The first Korean coupe model was the 1988 <a href="/wiki/Hyundai_Scoupe" title="Hyundai Scoupe">Hyundai Scoupe</a>, which used front-wheel drive and was based on the Excel hatchback. The Scoupe was followed by 1996-2008 <a href="/wiki/Hyundai_Tiburon" title="Hyundai Tiburon">Hyundai Tiburon</a> and 2011-2022 <a href="/wiki/Hyundai_Veloster" title="Hyundai Veloster">Hyundai Veloster</a>. </p> <div style="clear:right;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1989–2006:_All-wheel_drive,_first_supercars"><span id="1989.E2.80.932006:_All-wheel_drive.2C_first_supercars"></span>1989–2006: All-wheel drive, first supercars</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sports_car&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: 1989–2006: All-wheel drive, first supercars"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 1990s, multiple Japanese automakers made flagship sports cars, such as the <a href="/wiki/Toyota_Supra#Fourth_generation_(A80;_1993)" title="Toyota Supra">Toyota Supra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nissan_Skyline_GT-R" title="Nissan Skyline GT-R">Nissan Skyline GT-R</a>, <a href="/wiki/Honda_NSX_(first_generation)" title="Honda NSX (first generation)">Honda NSX</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mazda_RX-7#Third_generation_(FD3S)" title="Mazda RX-7">Mazda RX-7</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_3000GT" title="Mitsubishi 3000GT">Mitsubishi 3000GT</a>, which notably performed well against their European competition.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These automakers had a well-documented <a href="/wiki/Gentlemen%27s_agreement" title="Gentlemen's agreement">gentlemen's agreement</a> to officially limit advertised power figures for these vehicles to a maximum of 276 hp (280 PS; 206 kW).<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Nissan Skyline GT-R was reintroduced in 1989-2002 (R32, R33, and R34 generations) which became famous for their use of turbocharging and all-wheel drive, which provided performance comparable with many more expensive sports cars. </p><p>The 1990-2005 <a href="/wiki/Honda_NSX" title="Honda NSX">Honda NSX</a> is considered Japan's first supercar. The NSX was praised for being more reliable and user-friendly than contemporary European supercars. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Honda_S2000" title="Honda S2000">Honda S2000</a> is an <a href="/wiki/Roadster_(automobile)" class="mw-redirect" title="Roadster (automobile)">open top</a> sports car that was manufactured from 1999 to 2009. The S2000 is named for its engine displacement of two liters, carrying on in the tradition of the <a href="/wiki/Honda_S500" title="Honda S500">S500</a>, <a href="/wiki/Honda_S600" title="Honda S600">S600</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Honda_S800" title="Honda S800">S800</a> roadsters of the 1960s. Its engine is notable for its high specific power output. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_GTO" class="mw-redirect" title="Mitsubishi GTO">Mitsubishi GTO</a> coupe/convertible was introduced in 1990. The base models used front-wheel drive and a <a href="/wiki/Naturally_aspirated_engine" title="Naturally aspirated engine">naturally aspirated</a> V6 engine, however all-wheel drive and a turbocharged V6 engine were also available. To sit below the GTO in the model range, the <a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_FTO" title="Mitsubishi FTO">Mitsubishi FTO</a> front-wheel drive coupe was introduced in 1994. Both the GTO and FTO were discontinued in 2000. </p><p>Suzuki's first sports car was the 1991-1998 <a href="/wiki/Suzuki_Cappuccino" title="Suzuki Cappuccino">Suzuki Cappuccino</a>, a two-seat roadster <a href="/wiki/Kei_car" title="Kei car">kei car</a> with rear-wheel drive and a turbocharged 0.7 L (43 cu in) engine. </p><p>From 2003 to 2012 Mazda produced the <a href="/wiki/Mazda_RX-8" title="Mazda RX-8">Mazda RX-8</a>, a rear-wheel drive <a href="/wiki/Quad_coup%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Quad coupé">quad coupé</a> powered by a 1.3 L <i><a href="/wiki/Mazda_Wankel_engine#13B-MSP_Renesis" title="Mazda Wankel engine">Renesis</a></i> <a href="/wiki/Wankel_engine" title="Wankel engine">twin-rotor</a> engine.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 227.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 225.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NSX_(8208095694).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Honda NSX (1990-2005)"><img alt="Honda NSX (1990-2005)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/NSX_%288208095694%29.jpg/338px-NSX_%288208095694%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="226" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/NSX_%288208095694%29.jpg/508px-NSX_%288208095694%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/NSX_%288208095694%29.jpg/676px-NSX_%288208095694%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4592" data-file-height="3056" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Honda_NSX_(first_generation)" title="Honda NSX (first generation)">Honda NSX</a> (1990-2005)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 256px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 254px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1994_Toyota_Supra_Sport_Roof_in_Red,_front_left.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Toyota Supra (1994-2002)"><img alt="Toyota Supra (1994-2002)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/1994_Toyota_Supra_Sport_Roof_in_Red%2C_front_left.jpg/381px-1994_Toyota_Supra_Sport_Roof_in_Red%2C_front_left.jpg" decoding="async" width="254" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/1994_Toyota_Supra_Sport_Roof_in_Red%2C_front_left.jpg/572px-1994_Toyota_Supra_Sport_Roof_in_Red%2C_front_left.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/1994_Toyota_Supra_Sport_Roof_in_Red%2C_front_left.jpg/761px-1994_Toyota_Supra_Sport_Roof_in_Red%2C_front_left.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5272" data-file-height="3117" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Toyota_Supra#Fourth_generation_(A80;_1993)" title="Toyota Supra">Toyota Supra</a> (1994-2002)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 258px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 256px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tuned_Mazda_RX-7_Type_RB_(GF-FD3S)_front.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mazda RX-7 (1992-1997)"><img alt="Mazda RX-7 (1992-1997)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Tuned_Mazda_RX-7_Type_RB_%28GF-FD3S%29_front.jpg/384px-Tuned_Mazda_RX-7_Type_RB_%28GF-FD3S%29_front.jpg" decoding="async" width="256" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Tuned_Mazda_RX-7_Type_RB_%28GF-FD3S%29_front.jpg/577px-Tuned_Mazda_RX-7_Type_RB_%28GF-FD3S%29_front.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Tuned_Mazda_RX-7_Type_RB_%28GF-FD3S%29_front.jpg/768px-Tuned_Mazda_RX-7_Type_RB_%28GF-FD3S%29_front.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2552" data-file-height="1496" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Mazda_RX-7#Third_generation_(FD3S)" title="Mazda RX-7">Mazda RX-7</a> (1992-1997)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 270.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 268.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nissan_Skyline_R34_GT-R_N%C3%BCr_001.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Nissan Skyline GT-R (1999-2002)"><img alt="Nissan Skyline GT-R (1999-2002)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Nissan_Skyline_R34_GT-R_N%C3%BCr_001.jpg/403px-Nissan_Skyline_R34_GT-R_N%C3%BCr_001.jpg" decoding="async" width="269" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Nissan_Skyline_R34_GT-R_N%C3%BCr_001.jpg/605px-Nissan_Skyline_R34_GT-R_N%C3%BCr_001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Nissan_Skyline_R34_GT-R_N%C3%BCr_001.jpg/806px-Nissan_Skyline_R34_GT-R_N%C3%BCr_001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="715" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Nissan_Skyline_GT-R" title="Nissan Skyline GT-R">Nissan Skyline GT-R</a> (1999-2002)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 202px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mitsu-3000GTVR4.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mitsubishi GTO (1990-2000)"><img alt="Mitsubishi GTO (1990-2000)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Mitsu-3000GTVR4.jpg/300px-Mitsu-3000GTVR4.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Mitsu-3000GTVR4.jpg/451px-Mitsu-3000GTVR4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Mitsu-3000GTVR4.jpg/600px-Mitsu-3000GTVR4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="832" data-file-height="624" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_GTO" class="mw-redirect" title="Mitsubishi GTO">Mitsubishi GTO</a> (1990-2000)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 202px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:HondaS2000-004.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Honda S2000 (1999-2009)"><img alt="Honda S2000 (1999-2009)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/HondaS2000-004.jpg/300px-HondaS2000-004.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/HondaS2000-004.jpg/451px-HondaS2000-004.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/HondaS2000-004.jpg/600px-HondaS2000-004.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Honda_S2000" title="Honda S2000">Honda S2000</a> (1999-2009)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 274.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 272.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1st_Mazda_Miata_--_03-16-2012.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Mazda MX-5 (1992-1993)"><img alt="Mazda MX-5 (1992-1993)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/1st_Mazda_Miata_--_03-16-2012.JPG/409px-1st_Mazda_Miata_--_03-16-2012.JPG" decoding="async" width="273" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/1st_Mazda_Miata_--_03-16-2012.JPG/615px-1st_Mazda_Miata_--_03-16-2012.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/1st_Mazda_Miata_--_03-16-2012.JPG/818px-1st_Mazda_Miata_--_03-16-2012.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1708" data-file-height="940" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Mazda_MX-5" title="Mazda MX-5">Mazda MX-5</a> (1992-1993)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 334px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 332px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2003-2007_Mazda_RX-8_01.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Mazda RX-8 (2003-2012)"><img alt="Mazda RX-8 (2003-2012)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/2003-2007_Mazda_RX-8_01.JPG/498px-2003-2007_Mazda_RX-8_01.JPG" decoding="async" width="332" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/2003-2007_Mazda_RX-8_01.JPG/748px-2003-2007_Mazda_RX-8_01.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/2003-2007_Mazda_RX-8_01.JPG/995px-2003-2007_Mazda_RX-8_01.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3736" data-file-height="1690" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Mazda_RX-8" title="Mazda RX-8">Mazda RX-8</a> (2003-2012)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2007–present:_Declining_popularity_of_coupes"><span id="2007.E2.80.93present:_Declining_popularity_of_coupes"></span>2007–present: Declining popularity of coupes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sports_car&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: 2007–present: Declining popularity of coupes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Due to production constraints, lower demand, and environmental regulations, the viability of new Japanese sports cars began to decrease in the mid-2000s.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The latest generation (R35) of the Nissan Skyline GT-R started production in 2007 as the <a href="/wiki/Nissan_GT-R" title="Nissan GT-R">Nissan GT-R</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was noteworthy for offering supercar performance with sports car practicality.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Lexus_LFA" title="Lexus LFA">Lexus LFA</a> supercar was released by Lexus in 2010, a two-seat front-engine coupe powered by a 4.8 L (293 cu in) V10 engine.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Toyota_86" title="Toyota 86">Toyota 86 / Subaru BRZ</a> is a 2+2 coupe that was introduced in 2012 and currently remains in production with a new model released for the 2022 model year. The 86/BRZ is a rare modern example of a relatively affordable rear-wheel drive sports car.<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 2016–2022 <a href="/wiki/Honda_NSX#Second_generation_(NC1;_2016–2022)" title="Honda NSX">Honda NSX (2nd generation)</a> supercar marked a change in approach for Honda, by using all-wheel drive, a hybrid drivetrain, turbocharging, and a dual-clutch transmission.<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Toyota relaunched the Supra nameplate in 2019 after a 17-year hiatus for the <a href="/wiki/Toyota_Supra_(J29/DB)" class="mw-redirect" title="Toyota Supra (J29/DB)">Toyota GR Supra</a> front-engine, rear-wheel-drive coupe.<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nissan also released the new <a href="/wiki/Nissan_Z_(RZ34)" title="Nissan Z (RZ34)">RZ34</a> generation of their Nissan Z in 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 263.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 261.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nissan_GT-R_01.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Nissan GT-R (2008—)"><img alt="Nissan GT-R (2008—)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Nissan_GT-R_01.JPG/392px-Nissan_GT-R_01.JPG" decoding="async" width="262" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Nissan_GT-R_01.JPG/589px-Nissan_GT-R_01.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Nissan_GT-R_01.JPG/785px-Nissan_GT-R_01.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2520" data-file-height="1446" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Nissan_GT-R" title="Nissan GT-R">Nissan GT-R</a> (2008—)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 290px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 288px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2012_Toyota_86_(ZN6)_GTS_coupe_(2012-06-24).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Toyota 86 (2012-2021)"><img alt="Toyota 86 (2012-2021)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/2012_Toyota_86_%28ZN6%29_GTS_coupe_%282012-06-24%29.jpg/432px-2012_Toyota_86_%28ZN6%29_GTS_coupe_%282012-06-24%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="288" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/2012_Toyota_86_%28ZN6%29_GTS_coupe_%282012-06-24%29.jpg/649px-2012_Toyota_86_%28ZN6%29_GTS_coupe_%282012-06-24%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/2012_Toyota_86_%28ZN6%29_GTS_coupe_%282012-06-24%29.jpg/864px-2012_Toyota_86_%28ZN6%29_GTS_coupe_%282012-06-24%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3696" data-file-height="1926" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Toyota_86" title="Toyota 86">Toyota 86</a> (2012-2021)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 260px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 258px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lexus_LFA_Yellow_Las_Vegas_Speedway.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lexus LFA (2010—2012)"><img alt="Lexus LFA (2010—2012)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Lexus_LFA_Yellow_Las_Vegas_Speedway.jpg/387px-Lexus_LFA_Yellow_Las_Vegas_Speedway.jpg" decoding="async" width="258" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Lexus_LFA_Yellow_Las_Vegas_Speedway.jpg/582px-Lexus_LFA_Yellow_Las_Vegas_Speedway.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Lexus_LFA_Yellow_Las_Vegas_Speedway.jpg/775px-Lexus_LFA_Yellow_Las_Vegas_Speedway.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1975" data-file-height="1148" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Lexus_LFA" title="Lexus LFA">Lexus LFA</a> (2010—2012)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 314.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 312.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2019_Honda_NSX_3.5_CAA-NC1_(20190722)_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Honda NSX (2016–2022)"><img alt="Honda NSX (2016–2022)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/2019_Honda_NSX_3.5_CAA-NC1_%2820190722%29_01.jpg/469px-2019_Honda_NSX_3.5_CAA-NC1_%2820190722%29_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="313" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/2019_Honda_NSX_3.5_CAA-NC1_%2820190722%29_01.jpg/704px-2019_Honda_NSX_3.5_CAA-NC1_%2820190722%29_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/2019_Honda_NSX_3.5_CAA-NC1_%2820190722%29_01.jpg/937px-2019_Honda_NSX_3.5_CAA-NC1_%2820190722%29_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5070" data-file-height="2435" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Honda_NSX_(second_generation)" title="Honda NSX (second generation)">Honda NSX</a> (2016–2022)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 273.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 271.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2023_Nissan_Z,_NYIAS_2022.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Nissan Z (2022–)"><img alt="Nissan Z (2022–)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/2023_Nissan_Z%2C_NYIAS_2022.jpg/407px-2023_Nissan_Z%2C_NYIAS_2022.jpg" decoding="async" width="272" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/2023_Nissan_Z%2C_NYIAS_2022.jpg/612px-2023_Nissan_Z%2C_NYIAS_2022.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/2023_Nissan_Z%2C_NYIAS_2022.jpg/814px-2023_Nissan_Z%2C_NYIAS_2022.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4256" data-file-height="2354" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Nissan_Z_(RZ34)" title="Nissan Z (RZ34)">Nissan Z</a> (2022–)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 268.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 266.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Subaru_BRZ_S_(3BA-ZD8)_cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Subaru BRZ (2022—)"><img alt="Subaru BRZ (2022—)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Subaru_BRZ_S_%283BA-ZD8%29_cropped.jpg/400px-Subaru_BRZ_S_%283BA-ZD8%29_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="267" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Subaru_BRZ_S_%283BA-ZD8%29_cropped.jpg/601px-Subaru_BRZ_S_%283BA-ZD8%29_cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Subaru_BRZ_S_%283BA-ZD8%29_cropped.jpg/800px-Subaru_BRZ_S_%283BA-ZD8%29_cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1440" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Subaru_BRZ" class="mw-redirect" title="Subaru BRZ">Subaru BRZ</a> (2022—)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 226.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 224.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Toyota_Supra_GR_Genf_2019_1Y7A5650.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Toyota GR Supra (2020—)"><img alt="Toyota GR Supra (2020—)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Toyota_Supra_GR_Genf_2019_1Y7A5650.jpg/337px-Toyota_Supra_GR_Genf_2019_1Y7A5650.jpg" decoding="async" width="225" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Toyota_Supra_GR_Genf_2019_1Y7A5650.jpg/506px-Toyota_Supra_GR_Genf_2019_1Y7A5650.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Toyota_Supra_GR_Genf_2019_1Y7A5650.jpg/674px-Toyota_Supra_GR_Genf_2019_1Y7A5650.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4798" data-file-height="3206" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Toyota_Supra_(J29/DB)" class="mw-redirect" title="Toyota Supra (J29/DB)">Toyota GR Supra</a> (2020—)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sports_car&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Sports_car" class="extiw" title="commons:Sports car"><span style="font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Sports car</span></a>.</div></div> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sports_car_manufacturers" class="mw-redirect" title="List of sports car manufacturers">List of sports car manufacturers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sports_cars" title="List of sports cars">List of sports cars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Car_classification" title="Car classification">Car classification</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuel_efficiency" title="Fuel efficiency">Fuel efficiency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_automobile" title="History of the automobile">History of the automobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convertible" title="Convertible">Convertible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coupe" title="Coupe">Coupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_tourer" title="Grand tourer">Grand tourer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hot_hatch" title="Hot hatch">Hot hatch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kit_car" title="Kit car">Kit car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muscle_car" title="Muscle car">Muscle car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roadster_(automobile)" class="mw-redirect" title="Roadster (automobile)">Roadster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_compact" title="Sport compact">Sport compact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_car_racing" title="Sports car racing">Sports car racing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_sedan" title="Sports sedan">Sports sedan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_utility_vehicle" class="mw-redirect" title="Sport utility vehicle">Sport utility vehicle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supercar" title="Supercar">Supercar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fastest_production_cars" class="mw-redirect" title="List of fastest production cars">List of fastest production cars</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sports_car&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFDiehlman2011" class="citation web cs1">Diehlman, Steve (4 February 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wot.motortrend.com/mazda-produces-900000th-mx-5-recognized-worlds-best-selling-sports-car-28207.html">"Mazda Produces 900,000th MX-5, Recognized as World's Best-Selling Sports Car"</a>. <i>Motor Trend</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150920053935/http://wot.motortrend.com/mazda-produces-900000th-mx-5-recognized-worlds-best-selling-sports-car-28207.html">Archived</a> from the original on 20 September 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 March</span> 2016</span>. <q>Today Mazda announced a new milestone for the popular MX-5 roadster, with the 900,000th unit rolling off the production line. In doing so, it is also recognized by Guinness World Records as the best-selling sports car.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Motor+Trend&rft.atitle=Mazda+Produces+900%2C000th+MX-5%2C+Recognized+as+World%27s+Best-Selling+Sports+Car&rft.date=2011-02-04&rft.aulast=Diehlman&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwot.motortrend.com%2Fmazda-produces-900000th-mx-5-recognized-worlds-best-selling-sports-car-28207.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASports+car" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/best-selling-car-two-seater-sports">"Best-selling convertible two-seater sports car"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Best-selling+convertible+two-seater+sports+car&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.guinnessworldrecords.com%2Fworld-records%2Fbest-selling-car-two-seater-sports&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASports+car" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCsereSwan2005" class="citation magazine cs1">Csere, Csaba; Swan, Tony (January 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071020043852/http://www.caranddriver.com/bestcars/8924/10best-cars-best-luxury-sports-car.html">"10 Best Cars: Best Luxury Sports Car"</a>. <i>Car and Driver</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.caranddriver.com/bestcars/8924/10best-cars-best-luxury-sports-car.html">the original</a> on 20 October 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 March</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Car+and+Driver&rft.atitle=10+Best+Cars%3A+Best+Luxury+Sports+Car&rft.date=2005-01&rft.aulast=Csere&rft.aufirst=Csaba&rft.au=Swan%2C+Tony&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.caranddriver.com%2Fbestcars%2F8924%2F10best-cars-best-luxury-sports-car.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASports+car" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language</i> (Fifth ed.). Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing. 2011. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780547041018" title="Special:BookSources/9780547041018"><bdi>9780547041018</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=American+Heritage+Dictionary+of+the+English+Language&rft.edition=Fifth&rft.pub=Houghton+Mifflin+Harcourt+Publishing&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=9780547041018&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASports+car" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-curbsideclassic.com-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-curbsideclassic.com_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-curbsideclassic.com_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.curbsideclassic.com/blog/history/the-best-definition-of-the-term-sports-car-and-the-first-american-sports-car/">"The Best Definition of the Term 'Sports Car'? And the First American Sports Car"</a>. 8 February 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 May</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Best+Definition+of+the+Term+%27Sports+Car%27%3F+And+the+First+American+Sports+Car&rft.date=2017-02-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.curbsideclassic.com%2Fblog%2Fhistory%2Fthe-best-definition-of-the-term-sports-car-and-the-first-american-sports-car%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASports+car" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDonovan2007" class="citation book cs1">Donovan, Sandra (2007). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sportscars0000dono"><i>Sports Cars</i></a></span>. Lerner Publications. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sportscars0000dono/page/4">4</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8225-5928-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8225-5928-3"><bdi>978-0-8225-5928-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sports+Cars&rft.pages=4&rft.pub=Lerner+Publications&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-8225-5928-3&rft.aulast=Donovan&rft.aufirst=Sandra&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsportscars0000dono&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASports+car" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMann2011" class="citation book cs1">Mann, James (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zFtu7gFTWEEC&pg=PA8"><i>Sports Cars</i></a>. BMI Publishing. p. 8. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780760340288" title="Special:BookSources/9780760340288"><bdi>9780760340288</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 March</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sports+Cars&rft.pages=8&rft.pub=BMI+Publishing&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=9780760340288&rft.aulast=Mann&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DzFtu7gFTWEEC%26pg%3DPA8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASports+car" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sportsandexoticcars.com/what-is-a-sportscar/">"Definitions: What is a Sports Car?"</a>. <i>sportsandexoticcars.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 May</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sportsandexoticcars.com&rft.atitle=Definitions%3A+What+is+a+Sports+Car%3F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsportsandexoticcars.com%2Fwhat-is-a-sportscar%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASports+car" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Merriam-Webster-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Merriam-Webster_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Merriam-Webster_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Merriam-Webster_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/sports+car">"Sports car"</a>. <i>Merriam-Webster.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303170959/http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/sports+car">Archived</a> from the original on 3 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 March</span> 2016</span>. <q>Full definition: a low small usually 2-passenger automobile designed for quick response, easy maneuverability, and high-speed driving</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Merriam-Webster.com&rft.atitle=Sports+car&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.merriam-webster.com%2Fdictionary%2Fsports%2Bcar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASports+car" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/sports-car">"Sports car"</a>. Collins Dictionary. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303183046/http://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/sports-car">Archived</a> from the original on 3 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 March</span> 2016</span>. <q>Definition: a production car designed for speed, high acceleration, and manoeuvrability, having a low body and usually adequate seating for only two persons.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sports+car&rft.pub=Collins+Dictionary&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.collinsdictionary.com%2Fdictionary%2Fenglish%2Fsports-car&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASports+car" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TT42255-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-TT42255_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Motor Show. Development of the Sporting Car". <i>The Times</i>. No. 42255. London, England. 12 November 1919. p. 6.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft.atitle=Motor+Show.+Development+of+the+Sporting+Car.&rft.issue=42255&rft.pages=6&rft.date=1919-11-12&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASports+car" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKlemantaskiFrostick1956" class="citation book cs1">Klemantaski, Michael; Frostick, Michael (1956). <i>Racing Sports Cars</i>. Hamish Hamilton. <q>Only it seems after the <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">Great War</a> can we expect to find a general acceptance of the fact that there were on the roads both <a href="/wiki/Touring_car" title="Touring car">touring cars</a> and sports cars.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Racing+Sports+Cars&rft.pub=Hamish+Hamilton&rft.date=1956&rft.aulast=Klemantaski&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.au=Frostick%2C+Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASports+car" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-roadandtrack.com-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-roadandtrack.com_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-roadandtrack.com_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.roadandtrack.com/car-culture/a28225/sports-car-definition/">"No One Knows What "Sports Car" Actually Means Anymore"</a>. 19 February 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170602235549/http://www.roadandtrack.com/car-culture/a28225/sports-car-definition/">Archived</a> from the original on 2 June 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=No+One+Knows+What+%22Sports+Car%22+Actually+Means+Anymore&rft.date=2016-02-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.roadandtrack.com%2Fcar-culture%2Fa28225%2Fsports-car-definition%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASports+car" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.motorsportmagazine.com/archive/article/march-1954/24/what-sports-car">"What is a Sports Car?"</a>. <i>Motor Sport Magazine</i>. 1954. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170923034943/http://www.motorsportmagazine.com/archive/article/march-1954/24/what-sports-car">Archived</a> from the original on 23 September 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 May</span> 2022</span>. <q>The question 'What is a sports car?' is as old as the sports car itself! ... It would seem that under certain circumstances anything passes as a "sports car" and that the definition is as indefinite as ever it was.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Motor+Sport+Magazine&rft.atitle=What+is+a+Sports+Car%3F&rft.date=1954&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.motorsportmagazine.com%2Farchive%2Farticle%2Fmarch-1954%2F24%2Fwhat-sports-car&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASports+car" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHough1961" class="citation book cs1">Hough, Richard (1961). <i>A History of the World's Sports Cars</i>. George Allen & Unwin. p. 13. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781299618237" title="Special:BookSources/9781299618237"><bdi>9781299618237</bdi></a>. <q>I have never been quite certain what a sports car is, and when I was a young man, the distinction between a sporting car and a touring car was so fine that some people scarcely knew the difference. -- <a href="/wiki/W._O._Bentley" title="W. O. Bentley">W. O. Bentley</a></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+the+World%27s+Sports+Cars&rft.pages=13&rft.pub=George+Allen+%26+Unwin&rft.date=1961&rft.isbn=9781299618237&rft.aulast=Hough&rft.aufirst=Richard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASports+car" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"A sports car is a motor car designed primarily for the driver to enjoy driving fast"--Walkerley, Rodney; sports editor of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Motor" title="The Motor">The Motor</a></i>; 1934 -1959.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Any car which is primarily designed to give pleasure to the driver."--Stanford, John; 1957; <i>The Sports Car: Design and Development.</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"A sports car is a touring car and a racing car at one and the same time"."--Campbell, Colin; 1959, <i>The Sports Car: Its Design and Performance.</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Those cars which have participated in sports-car races."--Frostick, Michael; 1956; <i>Racing Sports Cars</i>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kbb.com/articles/car-advice/what-are-most-expensive-and-least-expensive-cars-to-insure/">"What Are Most Expensive and Least Expensive Cars to Insure"</a>. <i>Kelly Blue Book</i>. 13 February 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Kelly+Blue+Book&rft.atitle=What+Are+Most+Expensive+and+Least+Expensive+Cars+to+Insure&rft.date=2019-02-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kbb.com%2Farticles%2Fcar-advice%2Fwhat-are-most-expensive-and-least-expensive-cars-to-insure%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASports+car" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIngenbleekLeMaire1988" class="citation journal cs1">Ingenbleek, Jean-Francois; LeMaire, Jean (November 1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.casact.org/library/astin/vol18no2/175.pdf">"What is a Sports Car?"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>ASTIN Bulletin</i>. <b>18</b> (2): 175–187. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2143%2FAST.18.2.2014951">10.2143/AST.18.2.2014951</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 March</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=ASTIN+Bulletin&rft.atitle=What+is+a+Sports+Car%3F&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=175-187&rft.date=1988-11&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2143%2FAST.18.2.2014951&rft.aulast=Ingenbleek&rft.aufirst=Jean-Francois&rft.au=LeMaire%2C+Jean&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.casact.org%2Flibrary%2Fastin%2Fvol18no2%2F175.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASports+car" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNewhardtHarholdtYates2009" class="citation book cs1">Newhardt, David; Harholdt, Peter; <a href="/wiki/Brock_Yates" title="Brock Yates">Yates, Brock</a> (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ovVg_UkqfikC&pg=PA106"><i>Art of the Muscle Car</i></a>. MBI Publishing. p. 106. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780760335918" title="Special:BookSources/9780760335918"><bdi>9780760335918</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 May</span> 2022</span> – via Google Books. <q>the <a href="/wiki/AMC_AMX" title="AMC AMX">AMX</a> would appeal to both muscle car and sports car enthusiasts, two camps that rarely acknowledged each other's existences.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Art+of+the+Muscle+Car&rft.pages=106&rft.pub=MBI+Publishing&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=9780760335918&rft.aulast=Newhardt&rft.aufirst=David&rft.au=Harholdt%2C+Peter&rft.au=Yates%2C+Brock&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DovVg_UkqfikC%26pg%3DPA106&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASports+car" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1">"Is the AMX a True Sports Car?". <i>Motor Trend</i>. Vol. 20, no. 3. March 1968.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Motor+Trend&rft.atitle=Is+the+AMX+a+True+Sports+Car%3F&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=3&rft.date=1968-03&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASports+car" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1">"AMX - New Image Sports Car". <i>Sports Car Graphic</i>. Vol. 8, no. 3. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=auto.howstuffworks.com&rft.atitle=Ferrari+250+P&rft.date=2007-05-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fauto.howstuffworks.com%2Fferrari-250-p.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASports+car" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YBuCjFnoj2M">"Which is best: front engine, mid-engine or rear engine? - Video Bench Racing with Autoweek"</a>. <i>AutoweekUSA</i>. 2 April 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180427210356/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YBuCjFnoj2M">Archived</a> from the original on 27 April 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GaijinPot+Blog&rft.atitle=2016+Mazda+MX-5%3A+Why+It+Matters+And+Where+It+Came+From&rft.date=2014-09-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.gaijinpot.com%2Fnew-mazda-miata%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASports+car" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.roadandtrack.com/new-cars/news/a18694/porsche-959-the-future-is-now/">"Porsche 959: The Future Is Now"</a>. <i>Road & Track</i>. 22 October 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170119155410/http://www.roadandtrack.com/new-cars/news/a18694/porsche-959-the-future-is-now/">Archived</a> from the original on 19 January 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ars+Technica&rft.atitle=The+Lamborghini+Hurac%C3%A1n%3A+An+all-wheel+drive+adrenaline+delivery+system&rft.date=2015-10-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farstechnica.com%2Fcars%2F2015%2F10%2Fthe-lamborghini-huracan-an-all-wheel-drive-adrenaline-delivery-system%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASports+car" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.caranddriver.com/reviews/2017-porsche-911-carrera-4s-coupe-first-drive-review">"2017 Porsche 911 Carrera 4S Coupe - First Drive Review"</a>. 3 May 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170512111350/http://www.caranddriver.com/reviews/2017-porsche-911-carrera-4s-coupe-first-drive-review">Archived</a> from the original on 12 May 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2017+Porsche+911+Carrera+4S+Coupe+-+First+Drive+Review&rft.date=2016-05-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.caranddriver.com%2Freviews%2F2017-porsche-911-carrera-4s-coupe-first-drive-review&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASports+car" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.caranddriver.com/features/the-mid-vs-rear-engine-debate-porsche-cayman-r-vs-911-gt3-feature">"The Mid- vs. Rear-Engine Debate: Porsche Cayman R vs. 911 GT3 - Feature"</a>. 21 June 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170512044518/http://www.caranddriver.com/features/the-mid-vs-rear-engine-debate-porsche-cayman-r-vs-911-gt3-feature">Archived</a> from the original on 12 May 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Mid-+vs.+Rear-Engine+Debate%3A+Porsche+Cayman+R+vs.+911+GT3+-+Feature&rft.date=2011-06-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.caranddriver.com%2Ffeatures%2Fthe-mid-vs-rear-engine-debate-porsche-cayman-r-vs-911-gt3-feature&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASports+car" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.motorists.org/blog/pros-cons-rear-wheel-drive-front-wheel-drive-or-all-wheel-drive/">"Pros & Cons: Rear Drive, Front Drive Or All-Wheel Drive?"</a>. <i>National Motorists Association</i>. 5 February 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160312072653/https://www.motorists.org/blog/pros-cons-rear-wheel-drive-front-wheel-drive-or-all-wheel-drive/">Archived</a> from the original on 12 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Motorists+Association&rft.atitle=Pros+%26+Cons%3A+Rear+Drive%2C+Front+Drive+Or+All-Wheel+Drive%3F&rft.date=2009-02-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.motorists.org%2Fblog%2Fpros-cons-rear-wheel-drive-front-wheel-drive-or-all-wheel-drive%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASports+car" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKenwright2010" class="citation web cs1">Kenwright, Joe (15 April 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.motoring.com.au/driving-wheels-front-rear-or-all-wheel-drive-7382/">"Driving Wheels - Front, Rear or All-Wheel Drive? - motoring.com.au"</a>. <i>motoring.com.au</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160927161111/http://www.motoring.com.au/driving-wheels-front-rear-or-all-wheel-drive-7382/">Archived</a> from the original on 27 September 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=motoring.com.au&rft.atitle=Driving+Wheels+-+Front%2C+Rear+or+All-Wheel+Drive%3F+-+motoring.com.au&rft.date=2010-04-15&rft.aulast=Kenwright&rft.aufirst=Joe&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.motoring.com.au%2Fdriving-wheels-front-rear-or-all-wheel-drive-7382%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASports+car" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://classics.honestjohn.co.uk/reviews/fiat/barchetta/">"Classic Car Reviews: Fiat Barchetta (1995 - 2005)"</a>. <i>Honest John</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160809020151/http://classics.honestjohn.co.uk/reviews/fiat/barchetta">Archived</a> from the original on 9 August 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Honest+John&rft.atitle=Classic+Car+Reviews%3A+Fiat+Barchetta+%281995+-+2005%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fclassics.honestjohn.co.uk%2Freviews%2Ffiat%2Fbarchetta%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASports+car" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.classiccars4sale.net/classic-car-review/c2c-fiat-barchetta">"Fiat Barchetta - Classic Car Reviews"</a>. <i>Classic Motoring Magazine</i>. 28 April 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170405171401/http://www.classiccars4sale.net/classic-car-review/c2c-fiat-barchetta">Archived</a> from the original on 5 April 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Classic+Motoring+Magazine&rft.atitle=Fiat+Barchetta+-+Classic+Car+Reviews&rft.date=2011-04-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.classiccars4sale.net%2Fclassic-car-review%2Fc2c-fiat-barchetta&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASports+car" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:00-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:00_45-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:00_45-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:00_45-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:00_45-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:00_45-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStanford1957" class="citation book cs1">Stanford, John (1957). 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Motor+Sport+Magazine&rft.atitle=A+History+of+the+World%27s+Sports+Cars%2C+by+Richard+Hough&rft.date=1962-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.motorsportmagazine.com%2Farchive%2Farticle%2Fjanuary-1962%2F21%2Fbook-reviews-january-1962-january-1962%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASports+car" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190423113703/https://www.mercedes-benz.com/en/mercedes-benz/classic/history/mercedes-simplex-60/">"Mercedes Simplex 60 hp (1903 - 1905)"</a>. <i>mercedes-benz.com</i>. 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January 1982. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170923040524/http://www.motorsportmagazine.com/archive/article/january-1982/40/sixty-mercedes">Archived</a> from the original on 23 September 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 May</span> 2017</span>. <q>The 60 h.p. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=Nissan+is+launching+a+comeback.+Here%27s+what+it%27s+like+road+tripping+in+its+newest+sports+car&rft.date=2022-05-22&rft.aulast=Valdes-Dapena&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2022%2F05%2F22%2Fbusiness%2Fnissan-z-review%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASports+car" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By size</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Microcar" title="Microcar">Micro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kei_car" title="Kei car">Kei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subcompact_car" title="Subcompact car">Subcompact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B-segment" title="B-segment">Supermini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_car" title="Family car">Family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compact_car" title="Compact car">Compact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mid-size_car" title="Mid-size car">Mid-size</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Full-size_car" title="Full-size car">Full-size</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Custom_car" title="Custom car">Custom</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hot_rod" title="Hot rod">Hot rod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lead_sled" title="Lead sled">Lead sled</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lowrider" title="Lowrider">Lowrider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hot_rod#1960s_rise_of_the_street_rod" title="Hot rod">Street rod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T-bucket" title="T-bucket">T-bucket</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Luxury_car" title="Luxury car">Luxury</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Compact_executive_car" title="Compact executive car">Compact executive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_car" title="Executive car">Executive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personal_luxury_car" title="Personal luxury car">Personal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Minivan" title="Minivan">Minivan / MPV</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Compact_MPV" title="Compact MPV">Compact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leisure_activity_vehicle" class="mw-redirect" title="Leisure activity vehicle">Leisure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mini_MPV" title="Mini MPV">Mini</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/SUV" title="SUV">SUV</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Compact_sport_utility_vehicle" title="Compact sport utility vehicle">Compact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crossover_(automobile)" title="Crossover (automobile)">Crossover (CUV)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mini_SUV" class="mw-redirect" title="Mini SUV">Mini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coupe_SUV" title="Coupe SUV">Coupe SUV</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sports</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grand_tourer" title="Grand tourer">Grand tourer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hot_hatch" title="Hot hatch">Hot hatch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muscle_car" title="Muscle car">Muscle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pony_car" title="Pony car">Pony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_compact" title="Sport compact">Sport compact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_sedan" title="Sports sedan">Sports sedan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supercar" title="Supercar">Super</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Go-kart" title="Go-kart">Go-kart</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antique_car" title="Antique car">Antique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classic_car" title="Classic car">Classic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_car" title="Economy car">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ute_(vehicle)" title="Ute (vehicle)">Ute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Van" title="Van">Van</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vintage_car" title="Vintage car">Vintage car</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Euro_Car_Segment" title="Euro Car Segment">EU</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A-segment" title="A-segment">A-segment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B-segment" title="B-segment">B-segment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C-segment" title="C-segment">C-segment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D-segment" title="D-segment">D-segment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E-segment" title="E-segment">E-segment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F-segment" title="F-segment">F-segment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J-segment" class="mw-redirect" title="J-segment">J-segment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M-segment" class="mw-redirect" title="M-segment">M-segment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-segment" title="S-segment">S-segment</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Car_body_style" title="Car body style">Body styles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2%2B2_(car_body_style)" title="2+2 (car body style)">2+2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baquet_(car_body_style)" class="mw-redirect" title="Baquet (car body style)">Baquet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barchetta" title="Barchetta">Barchetta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berlinetta" title="Berlinetta">Berlinetta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brougham_(car_body)" title="Brougham (car body)">Brougham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabrio_coach" title="Cabrio coach">Cabrio coach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cab_over" title="Cab over">Cab over</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convertible" title="Convertible">Cabriolet / Convertible / Drophead coupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coupe" title="Coupe">Coupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coupe_de_Ville" class="mw-redirect" title="Coupe de Ville">Coupé de Ville / Sedanca de Ville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coup%C3%A9_utility" title="Coupé utility">Coupé utility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fastback" title="Fastback">Fastback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hardtop" title="Hardtop">Hardtop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatchback" title="Hatchback">Hatchback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kammback" title="Kammback">Kammback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landaulet_(car)" title="Landaulet (car)">Landaulet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liftback" title="Liftback">Liftback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limousine" title="Limousine">Limousine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microvan" title="Microvan">Microvan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minibus" title="Minibus">Minibus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multi-stop_truck" title="Multi-stop truck">Multi-stop truck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notchback" title="Notchback">Notchback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panel_van" title="Panel van">Panel van</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phaeton_body" title="Phaeton body">Phaeton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pickup_truck" title="Pickup truck">Pickup truck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quad_coup%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Quad coupé">Quad coupé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convertible" title="Convertible">Retractable hardtop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roadster_(automobile)" class="mw-redirect" title="Roadster (automobile)">Roadster / Spider / Spyder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Runabout_(car)" title="Runabout (car)">Runabout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sedan_(automobile)" title="Sedan (automobile)">Saloon / Sedan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panel_van" title="Panel van">Sedan delivery/Panel van</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shooting_brake" title="Shooting brake">Shooting brake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Station_wagon" title="Station wagon">Station wagon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Targa_top" title="Targa top">Targa top</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torpedo_(car)" title="Torpedo (car)">Torpedo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Touring_car" title="Touring car">Touring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coupe_de_Ville" class="mw-redirect" title="Coupe de Ville">Town (Coupé de Ville)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T-top" title="T-top">T-top</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vis-%C3%A0-vis_(carriage)" title="Vis-à-vis (carriage)">Vis-à-vis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Specialized <br />vehicles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All-terrain_vehicle" title="All-terrain vehicle">All-terrain vehicle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphibious_vehicle" title="Amphibious vehicle">Amphibious</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connected_car" title="Connected car">Connected</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-driving_car" title="Self-driving car">Driverless (autonomous)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Go-kart" title="Go-kart">Go-kart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gyrocar" title="Gyrocar">Gyrocar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quadracycle" title="Quadracycle">Pedal car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personal_rapid_transit" title="Personal rapid transit">Personal rapid transit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_car" title="Police car">Police car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flying_car" title="Flying car">Flying car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxicab" class="mw-redirect" title="Taxicab">Taxicab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tow_truck" title="Tow truck">Tow truck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voiturette" title="Voiturette">Voiturette</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ground_propulsion" title="Ground propulsion">Propulsion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_fuel_vehicle" title="Alternative fuel vehicle">Alternative fuel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autogas" title="Autogas">Autogas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biodiesel" title="Biodiesel">Biodiesel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biofuel" title="Biofuel">Biofuel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biogasoline" title="Biogasoline">Biogasoline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biogas" title="Biogas">Biogas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compressed_natural_gas" title="Compressed natural gas">Compressed natural gas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diesel_engine" title="Diesel engine">Diesel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electric_vehicle" title="Electric vehicle">Electric</a> (<a href="/wiki/Battery_electric_vehicle" title="Battery electric vehicle">battery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neighborhood_Electric_Vehicle" title="Neighborhood Electric Vehicle">NEV</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_ethanol_fuel_mixtures" title="Common ethanol fuel mixtures">Ethanol</a> (<a href="/wiki/E85" title="E85">E85</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fossil_fuel" title="Fossil fuel">Fossil fuel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuel_cell" title="Fuel cell">Fuel cell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuel_gas" title="Fuel gas">Fuel gas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_gas" title="Natural gas">Natural gas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrol_engine" title="Petrol engine">Gasoline / petrol</a> (<a href="/wiki/Gasoline_direct_injection" title="Gasoline direct injection">direct injection</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homogeneous_charge_compression_ignition" title="Homogeneous charge compression ignition">Homogeneous charge compression ignition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hybrid_electric_vehicle" title="Hybrid electric vehicle">Hybrid</a> (<a href="/wiki/Plug-in_hybrid" title="Plug-in hybrid">plug-in</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydrogen_vehicle" title="Hydrogen vehicle">Hydrogen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internal_combustion_engine" title="Internal combustion engine">Internal combustion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liquid_nitrogen_engine" title="Liquid nitrogen engine">Liquid nitrogen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liquified_petroleum_gas" class="mw-redirect" title="Liquified petroleum gas">Liquified petroleum gas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steam_car" title="Steam car">Steam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Drive_wheel" title="Drive wheel">Drive wheels</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Front-wheel_drive" title="Front-wheel drive">Front-wheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Powertrain_layout#Rear_wheel_drive_layouts" title="Powertrain layout">Rear-wheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two-wheel_drive" title="Two-wheel drive">Two-wheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four-wheel_drive" title="Four-wheel drive">Four-wheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Six-wheel_drive" title="Six-wheel drive">Six-wheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eight-wheel_drive" title="Eight-wheel drive">Eight-wheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ten-wheel_drive" class="mw-redirect" title="Ten-wheel drive">Ten-wheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twelve-wheel_drive" class="mw-redirect" title="Twelve-wheel drive">Twelve-wheel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Powertrain_layout" title="Powertrain layout">Engine position</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Front-engine_design" title="Front-engine design">Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mid-engine_design" title="Mid-engine design">Mid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rear-engine_design" title="Rear-engine design">Rear</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Powertrain_layout" title="Powertrain layout">Layout</a> <br /><span class="nobold">(engine / drive)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Front-engine,_front-wheel-drive_layout" title="Front-engine, front-wheel-drive layout">Front-front</a> </li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Front-mid-engine,_front-wheel-drive_layout" title="Front-mid-engine, front-wheel-drive layout">Front mid-front</a> </li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Rear-engine,_front-wheel-drive_layout" title="Rear-engine, front-wheel-drive layout">Rear-front</a> </li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Front-engine,_rear-wheel-drive_layout" title="Front-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout">Front-rear</a> </li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Rear_mid-engine,_rear-wheel-drive_layout" title="Rear mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout">Rear mid-rear</a> </li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Rear-engine,_rear-wheel-drive_layout" title="Rear-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout">Rear-rear</a> </li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Front-engine,_four-wheel-drive_layout" title="Front-engine, four-wheel-drive layout">Front-four-wheel</a> </li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Mid-engine,_four-wheel-drive_layout" title="Mid-engine, four-wheel-drive layout">Mid-four-wheel</a> </li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Rear-engine,_four-wheel-drive_layout" title="Rear-engine, four-wheel-drive layout">Rear-four-wheel</a> </li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Dual-motor,_four-wheel-drive_layout" title="Dual-motor, four-wheel-drive layout">Dual motor-four-wheel</a> </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Engine_configuration" title="Engine configuration">Engine configuration</a><br /><span class="nobold">(<a href="/wiki/Internal_combustion_engine" title="Internal combustion engine">internal combustion</a>)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flat_engine" title="Flat engine">Boxer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flat_engine" title="Flat engine">Flat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four-stroke_engine" title="Four-stroke engine">Four-stroke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H_engine" title="H engine">H-block</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reciprocating_engine" title="Reciprocating engine">Reciprocating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single-cylinder_engine" title="Single-cylinder engine">Single-cylinder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Straight_engine" title="Straight engine">Straight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two-stroke_engine" title="Two-stroke engine">Two-stroke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V_engine" title="V engine">V (Vee)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W_engine" title="W engine">W engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wankel_engine" title="Wankel engine">Wankel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Cars" title="Portal:Cars">Portal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Cars" title="Category:Cars">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:EC_car_classification" title="Template:EC car classification">Template:EC car classification</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist 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