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interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AC_%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%A8" title="গার্ডিয়ান অব রিলিজিয়ন অর্গানাইজেশন – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="গার্ডিয়ান অব রিলিজিয়ন অর্গানাইজেশন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organizaci%C3%B3n_Guardianes_de_la_Religi%C3%B3n" title="Organización Guardianes de la Religión – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Organización Guardianes de la Religión" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86" title="حراس الدین – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="حراس الدین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanzim_Hurras_ad-Din" title="Tanzim Hurras ad-Din – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Tanzim Hurras ad-Din" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hurras_al-Din" title="Hurras al-Din – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Hurras al-Din" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%8A%D9%85_%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86" title="تنظيم حراس الدين – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="تنظيم حراس الدين" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81_%D0%B0%D0%B4-%D0%94%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Хурас ад-Дин – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Хурас ад-Дин" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit 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.infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org" style="background-color: #DEDFDE;">Hurras al-Din</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><span class="nickname" lang="ar"><a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">تنظيم حراس الدين</span><br />Tanẓīm Ḥurrās al-Dīn</span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="multiimageinner" style="width:312px;max-width:312px;border:none"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="margin-right:20px;width:177px;max-width:177px"><div style="height:110px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Tanzim_Hurras_al-Din.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Tanzim_Hurras_al-Din.svg/175px-Flag_of_Tanzim_Hurras_al-Din.svg.png" decoding="async" width="175" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Tanzim_Hurras_al-Din.svg/263px-Flag_of_Tanzim_Hurras_al-Din.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Tanzim_Hurras_al-Din.svg/350px-Flag_of_Tanzim_Hurras_al-Din.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2211" data-file-height="1396" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center">Flag of the group<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-jihadology_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jihadology-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:112px;max-width:112px"><div style="height:110px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Huras_al-Din_Logo,_2018.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/74/Huras_al-Din_Logo%2C_2018.jpg/110px-Huras_al-Din_Logo%2C_2018.jpg" decoding="async" width="110" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/74/Huras_al-Din_Logo%2C_2018.jpg/165px-Huras_al-Din_Logo%2C_2018.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/74/Huras_al-Din_Logo%2C_2018.jpg/220px-Huras_al-Din_Logo%2C_2018.jpg 2x" data-file-width="316" data-file-height="316" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center">Logo of the group</div></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Leaders</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/wiki/Khalid_al-Aruri" title="Khalid al-Aruri">Khalid al-Aruri</a> <a href="/wiki/Killed_in_action" title="Killed in action"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Old English Text MT',serif"><b>†</b></span></a><br /><a href="/wiki/Sami_al-Oraydi" title="Sami al-Oraydi">Sami al-Oraydi</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Abu_Humam_al-Shami" title="Abu Humam al-Shami">Abu Humam al-Shami</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(formerly)</span><sup id="cite_ref-swd_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-swd-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS"><span title="This claim needs references to better sources. (October 2018)">better source needed</span></a></i>]</sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Foundation</th><td class="infobox-data">27 February 2018</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap">Dates of operation</span></th><td class="infobox-data">27 February 2018–present</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Group(s)</th><td class="infobox-data"> <ul><li>Jaysh al-Malahim</li> <li>Jaysh al-Badia</li> <li>Jaysh al-Sahel</li> <li>Saraya al-Sahel</li> <li>Saraya al-Kabul</li> <li>Jund al-Sharia</li> <li>Jama'at Ansar al-Haq <span style="font-size:85%;">(former)</span><sup id="cite_ref-auto2_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Active regions</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hama_Governorate" title="Hama Governorate">Hama Governorate</a><sup id="cite_ref-swd_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-swd-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS"><span title="This claim needs references to better sources. (October 2018)">better source needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daraa_Governorate" title="Daraa Governorate">Daraa Governorate</a><sup id="cite_ref-lwj_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lwj-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idlib_Governorate" title="Idlib Governorate">Idlib Governorate</a><sup id="cite_ref-lwj_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lwj-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latakia_Governorate" title="Latakia Governorate">Latakia Governorate</a><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_ideologies" title="List of political ideologies">Ideology</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Salafi" class="mw-redirect" title="Salafi">Salafi</a> <a href="/wiki/Jihadism" title="Jihadism">Jihadism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_fundamentalism" title="Islamic fundamentalism">Islamic fundamentalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qutbism" title="Qutbism">Qutbism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Zionism" title="Anti-Zionism">Anti-Zionism</a><sup id="cite_ref-Hurras_al-Din_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hurras_al-Din-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Size</th><td class="infobox-data">1,000–2,000+<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Part of</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Jihad.svg/23px-Flag_of_Jihad.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Jihad.svg/35px-Flag_of_Jihad.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Jihad.svg/46px-Flag_of_Jihad.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Al-Qaeda" title="Al-Qaeda">al-Qaeda</a><br />Alliance to Support Islam <span style="font-size:85%;">(2018 – 2020)</span><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/WaHaridFlag.png/23px-WaHaridFlag.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/WaHaridFlag.png/34px-WaHaridFlag.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/WaHaridFlag.png/45px-WaHaridFlag.png 2x" data-file-width="351" data-file-height="236" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Rouse_the_Believers_Operations_Room" title="Rouse the Believers Operations Room">Rouse the Believers Operations Room</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(2018 – 2020)</span><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> So Be Steadfast Operations Room <span style="font-size:85%;">(2020 – present)</span><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Allies</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_the_Turkistan_Islamic_Party_in_Syria.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Turkistan_Islamic_Party_in_Syria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_the_Turkistan_Islamic_Party_in_Syria.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Turkistan_Islamic_Party_in_Syria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_the_Turkistan_Islamic_Party_in_Syria.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Turkistan_Islamic_Party_in_Syria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="898" data-file-height="533" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Turkistan_Islamic_Party" title="Turkistan Islamic Party">Turkistan Islamic Party</a><sup id="cite_ref-bbc_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbc-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /> <span class="flagicon"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_placeholder.svg/23px-Flag_placeholder.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_placeholder.svg/35px-Flag_placeholder.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_placeholder.svg/45px-Flag_placeholder.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="24" data-file-height="16" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Tahrir_al-Sham" title="Tahrir al-Sham">Tahrir al-Sham</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Sometimes, until 2020)</span><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/AnsaralTawhidFlag.png/23px-AnsaralTawhidFlag.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/AnsaralTawhidFlag.png/35px-AnsaralTawhidFlag.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/AnsaralTawhidFlag.png/46px-AnsaralTawhidFlag.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="288" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ansar_al-Tawhid_(Syria)" title="Ansar al-Tawhid (Syria)">Ansar al-Tawhid</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(until 2020)</span><sup id="cite_ref-swd29april_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-swd29april-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS"><span title="This claim needs references to better sources. (December 2020)">better source needed</span></a></i>]</sup><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Ansar_al-Islam.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ansar_al-Islam.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Ansar_al-Islam.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ansar_al-Islam.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Ansar_al-Islam.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ansar_al-Islam.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="319" data-file-height="195" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ansar_al-Islam_in_Kurdistan" title="Ansar al-Islam in Kurdistan">Ansar al-Islam</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Emblem_of_the_Ansar_al-Deen_Front.svg/23px-Emblem_of_the_Ansar_al-Deen_Front.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Emblem_of_the_Ansar_al-Deen_Front.svg/35px-Emblem_of_the_Ansar_al-Deen_Front.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Emblem_of_the_Ansar_al-Deen_Front.svg/46px-Emblem_of_the_Ansar_al-Deen_Front.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="602" data-file-height="352" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ansar_al-Din_Front" title="Ansar al-Din Front">Ansar al-Din Front</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Jihad.svg/23px-Flag_of_Jihad.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Jihad.svg/35px-Flag_of_Jihad.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Jihad.svg/46px-Flag_of_Jihad.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Firqat_al-Ghuraba" title="Firqat al-Ghuraba">Firqat al-Ghuraba</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1067" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Jaysh_al-Izza" title="Jaysh al-Izza">Jaysh al-Izza</a><sup id="cite_ref-shr_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-shr-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Iraq_%281991%E2%80%932004%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iraq_%281991%E2%80%932004%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Iraq_%281991%E2%80%932004%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Iraq_%281991%E2%80%932004%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Iraq_%281991%E2%80%932004%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Iraq_%281991%E2%80%932004%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Army_of_the_Men_of_the_Naqshbandi_Order" title="Army of the Men of the Naqshbandi Order">Naqshbandi Army</a><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Opponents</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Flag_of_Syria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Syria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a><br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/35px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/46px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="360" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/21px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/32px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/41px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a><sup id="cite_ref-8persons_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8persons-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-aqs_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aqs-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/InfoboxHez.PNG/23px-InfoboxHez.PNG" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/InfoboxHez.PNG/35px-InfoboxHez.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/InfoboxHez.PNG/45px-InfoboxHez.PNG 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Hezbollah" title="Hezbollah">Hezbollah</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_placeholder.svg/23px-Flag_placeholder.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_placeholder.svg/35px-Flag_placeholder.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_placeholder.svg/45px-Flag_placeholder.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="24" data-file-height="16" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Tahrir_al-Sham" title="Tahrir al-Sham">Tahrir al-Sham</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(since 2020)<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Battles and wars</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Syrian_civil_war" title="Syrian civil war">Syrian civil war</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Idlib_demilitarization_(2018%E2%80%932019)" title="Idlib demilitarization (2018–2019)">Idlib demilitarization (2018–2019)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Syria_offensive_(April%E2%80%93August_2019)" title="Northwestern Syria offensive (April–August 2019)">Northwestern Syria offensive (April–August 2019)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American-led_intervention_in_the_Syrian_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="American-led intervention in the Syrian Civil War">American-led intervention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Syria_offensive_(December_2019%E2%80%93March_2020)" title="Northwestern Syria offensive (December 2019–March 2020)">Northwestern Syria offensive (December 2019–March 2020)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idlib_Governorate_clashes_(June_2020)" title="Idlib Governorate clashes (June 2020)">Idlib Governorate clashes (June 2020)</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top:1px #aaa solid"><div style="width:100%"><div style="float: left; text-align:left;padding-right:0.5em;" class="noprint"><b>Preceded by</b><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Al-Nusra.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Al-Nusra.svg/25px-Al-Nusra.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Al-Nusra.svg/38px-Al-Nusra.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Al-Nusra.svg/50px-Al-Nusra.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="342" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Al-Nusra_Front" title="Al-Nusra Front">Al-Nusra Front</a></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Tanzim Hurras al-Din</b> (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">تنظيم حراس الدين</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Arabic" title="Romanization of Arabic">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">Tanẓīm Ḥurrās ad-Dīn</i></span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Literal_translation" title="Literal translation">lit.</a> </small>'Guardians of the Religion Organization') sometimes also known as <b>Al-Qaeda in Syria</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-Hurras_al-Din_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hurras_al-Din-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a <a href="/wiki/Salafi_Movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Salafi Movement">Salafi</a> <a href="/wiki/Jihadism" title="Jihadism">Jihadist</a> organization fighting in the <a href="/wiki/Syrian_civil_war" title="Syrian civil war">Syrian civil war</a>. The group's head, <a href="/wiki/Abu_Humam_al-Shami" title="Abu Humam al-Shami">Abu Humam al-Shami</a>, was the general military commander of the defunct <a href="/wiki/Al-Nusra_Front" title="Al-Nusra Front">Al-Nusra Front</a>, and had fought for <a href="/wiki/Al-Qaeda" title="Al-Qaeda">Al-Qaeda</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Afghan_Civil_War_(1996%E2%80%932001)" title="Afghan Civil War (1996–2001)">1990s Afghan civil war</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Iraqi_insurgency_(2003%E2%80%932011)" title="Iraqi insurgency (2003–2011)">Iraqi insurgency</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Schmitt_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schmitt-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hurras al-Din was established by the leaders of the AQ-affiliated <a href="/wiki/Khorasan_group" title="Khorasan group">Khorasan group</a> and Al-Qaeda loyalists of Al-Nusra Front who opposed <a href="/wiki/Jabhat_Fatah_al-Sham" class="mw-redirect" title="Jabhat Fatah al-Sham">Jabhat Fatah al-Sham</a> 's dissolution and merger with other Islamic groups to form <a href="/wiki/Tahrir_al-Sham" title="Tahrir al-Sham">Tahrir al-Sham</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Abu Humam Al-Shami announced the formation of Hurras al-Din on 27 February 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-swd_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-swd-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-longwarjournal_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-longwarjournal-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Abu Jilibib Tubasi and Abu Khadija al-Urduni, members of Hurras al-Din's <a href="/wiki/Majlis-ash-Shura" class="mw-redirect" title="Majlis-ash-Shura">shura council</a>, left <a href="/wiki/Al-Nusra_Front" title="Al-Nusra Front">Jabhat Fateh al-Sham</a> (JFS) in 2016 due to its disassociation from Al-Qaeda and emphasis on local Syrian politics.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2017, JFS officially disbanded and merged with <a href="/wiki/Nour_al-Din_al-Zenki_Movement" title="Nour al-Din al-Zenki Movement">Noor al-Deen al-Zenki</a>, <a href="/wiki/Liwa_al-Haqq_(Idlib)" title="Liwa al-Haqq (Idlib)">Liwa al-Haqq</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ansar_al-Din_Front" title="Ansar al-Din Front">Ansar al-Din Front</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jaysh_al-Sunna" title="Jaysh al-Sunna">Jaysh al-Sunna</a> and elements of <a href="/wiki/Ahrar_al-Sham" title="Ahrar al-Sham">Ahrar al-Sham</a> to form Hay'at Tahrir al-Sham (HTS).<sup id="cite_ref-Mona_Alami_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mona_Alami-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following a series of assassinations of HTS leaders in 2017; AQ leaders Abu Mussab al-Libi, Abu Julaybib al-Ordoni, and Sami al-Oraydi were arrested by HTS in November 2017,<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in an attempt to stave off the formation of another Al-Qaeda affiliated group in Syria.<sup id="cite_ref-Mona_Alami_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mona_Alami-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In November 2017, Jaysh al-Badia and Jaysh al-Malahim defected from HTS, pledging allegiance to Al-Qaeda and launched military operations to expand its influence in <a href="/wiki/Idlib" title="Idlib">Idlib</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-bbc_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbc-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This brought them into conflict with HTS, which was making efforts to unite Idlib under a civilian administration. HTS accused Al-Qaeda of undermining the <a href="/wiki/2011_Syrian_Revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="2011 Syrian Revolution">Syrian revolution</a> and responded by initiating an anti-AQ crackdown, arresting several leaders of Al-Qaeda Central.<sup id="cite_ref-Mona_Alami_28-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mona_Alami-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-bbc_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bbc-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 27 February 2018, Jaysh al-Badia, Jaysh al-Malahim and Jaysh al-Sahel united under the leadership of <a href="/wiki/Abu_Humam_al-Shami" title="Abu Humam al-Shami">Abu Humam al-Shami</a> to form Hurras al-Din; announcing its allegiance to Al-Qaeda. In a statement, Hurras al-Din called upon all <a href="/wiki/Islamism" title="Islamism">Islamist</a> factions to set aside differences and launch a coordinated military response in the wake of <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Eastern_Ghouta#Government_and_allies" title="Siege of Eastern Ghouta">various atrocities</a> committed by the <a href="/wiki/Assad_regime" class="mw-redirect" title="Assad regime">Assad regime</a> during its <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Eastern_Ghouta" title="Siege of Eastern Ghouta">Siege of Eastern Ghouta</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>While the organization officially rejects <a href="/wiki/Inter-rebel_conflict_during_the_Syrian_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Inter-rebel conflict during the Syrian Civil War">infighting</a> between other rebel groups, it has been entangled in armed conflict with Hayat Tahrir al-Sham since 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-chathamhouse.org_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chathamhouse.org-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2019, Hurras al-Din was reported to be at its height of power, with around 2,500 armed fighters under its command. After its full-frontal conflict with HTS since late 2020, it has suffered countless losses and has been subsequently expelled from <a href="/wiki/Idlib" title="Idlib">Idlib</a>. The group now mostly operate clandestinely in various parts of <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a>; calling for operations against forces of the <a href="/wiki/Ba%27athist_Syria" class="mw-redirect" title="Ba'athist Syria">Ba'athist regime</a>, <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> as well as against <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> and its <a href="/wiki/Syrian_Democratic_Forces" title="Syrian Democratic Forces">allies</a>. It has also urged <a href="/wiki/Palestinians" title="Palestinians">Palestinian</a> <a href="/wiki/Islamism" title="Islamism">Islamist</a> groups to step up its insurgency against Israel to "liberate <a href="/wiki/Al-Aqsa_Mosque" title="Al-Aqsa Mosque">Al-Aqsa Mosque</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-Hurras_al-Din_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hurras_al-Din-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hurras_al-Din&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In February 2018, the group stated that it is opposed to the <a href="/wiki/Syrian_Liberation_Front%E2%80%93Tahrir_al-Sham_conflict" title="Syrian Liberation Front–Tahrir al-Sham conflict">fighting</a> between the <a href="/wiki/Syrian_Liberation_Front" title="Syrian Liberation Front">Syrian Liberation Front</a> and Tahrir al-Sham.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> However Jaysh al-Sahel, which is part of Hurras al-Din said that it will fight the SLF if the towns of <a href="/wiki/Muhambal" title="Muhambal">Muhambal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bsanqul" title="Bsanqul">Bisanqul</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Kafr_Shalaya" title="Kafr Shalaya">Kafr Shalaya</a> are attacked.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint noexcerpt Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:NOTRS" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:NOTRS"><span title="This claim needs references to better sources. (December 2020)">better source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>On 26 April 2018, Hurras al-Din, along with <a href="/wiki/Ansar_al-Tawhid_(Syria)" title="Ansar al-Tawhid (Syria)">Ansar al-Tawhid</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Jaysh_al-Izza" title="Jaysh al-Izza">Jaysh al-Izza</a>, launched a joint attack against Syrian Government forces in the northern countryside of the <a href="/wiki/Hama_Governorate" title="Hama Governorate">Hama Governorate</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-shr_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-shr-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 12 October 2018, the Russian government's reconciliation center in Syria accused the group of hoarding materials needed to develop chemical weapons for a false flag attack as well as being an <a href="/wiki/ISIL" class="mw-redirect" title="ISIL">ISIL</a> affiliate.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Along with Russian officials accusing the group of being an ISIL affiliate Iraqi media has claimed the group is also an ISIL affiliate operating along the Syrian-Iraqi border, however the group's base of operations is in the Idlib governorate of Syria, the group has not claimed any attacks outside the region nor have any other reports of activity outside of Syria been reported.<sup id="cite_ref-alghadpress.com_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-alghadpress.com-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 15 October 2018, the group published a video filmed in <a href="/wiki/Saraqib" title="Saraqib">Saraqib</a> which showed the group's religious police, the <a href="/wiki/Hisbah" class="mw-redirect" title="Hisbah">hisbah</a>, driving around the city with loudspeakers calling on people to adhere to sharia.<sup id="cite_ref-jihadology_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-jihadology-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 29 December 2018, one of the group's founders, named Abu Julaybib, was killed by government forces in the <a href="/wiki/Daraa_Governorate" title="Daraa Governorate">Daraa Governorate</a> while preparing to establish an insurgent cell linked to the group in southern Syria.<sup id="cite_ref-lwj_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lwj-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 30 June 2019, in a rare operation against non-ISIL elements, the U.S. carried out a strike against a Hurras al-Din leadership meeting at a training facility west of <a href="/wiki/Aleppo" title="Aleppo">Aleppo</a><sup id="cite_ref-aqs_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aqs-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which killed eight jihadists, including six commanders: two Tunisians, two Algerians, an Egyptian and a Syrian.<sup id="cite_ref-8persons_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8persons-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was the first known U.S. strike in western Syria since February 2017 due to the U.S. and Russia arranging an unofficial deconfliction boundary that largely bars any substantial U.S. forces from venturing into the region. The U.S. did not specify what assets were used in the strike.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 31 August 2019, the U.S. carried out a series of airstrikes on a <a href="/wiki/Rouse_the_Believers_Operations_Room" title="Rouse the Believers Operations Room">Rouse the Believers Operations Room</a> meeting between <a href="/wiki/Kafriya" title="Kafriya">Kafriya</a> and <a href="/wiki/Maarrat_Misrin" title="Maarrat Misrin">Maarrat Misrin</a>, killing over 40 Hurras al-Din militants, including several leaders.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 27 October 2019, members of the group were killed during a US <a href="/wiki/Barisha_raid" class="mw-redirect" title="Barisha raid">raid</a> targeting ISIL's leader <a href="/wiki/Abu_Bakr_al-Baghdadi" title="Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi">Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi</a> in <a href="/wiki/Barisha,_Harem_District" title="Barisha, Harem District">Barisha</a>. A commander of the group named Abu Muhammad al-Halabi, the owner of the house Baghdadi was staying at, was killed during the raid.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An Iraqi intelligence official and <a href="/wiki/Hisham_al-Hashimi" title="Hisham al-Hashimi">Hisham al-Hashimi</a> have stated to <i><a href="/wiki/The_Independent" title="The Independent">The Independent</a></i> that Halabi was also a smuggler, which is why the ISIL head and his family utilized his services.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 10 March 2020, Hurras al-Din raided the town of Tanjarah, which was under control of the Syrian Army, and captured the town. Heavy fighting took place following a counterattack by the Syrian army to retake the town. 35 soldiers of the Syrian Army and 13 HaD fighters were killed in the fighting.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After a fallout within the Rouse the Believers Operation Room, the group joined four other jihadist groups on 12 June 2020 to form the "Be Steadfast Operation Room".<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 23 June, after putting up checkpoints around Idlib and refusing to take them down at Hayat Tahrir al-Sham requests an open <a href="/wiki/Idlib_Governorate_clashes_(June_2020)" title="Idlib Governorate clashes (June 2020)">conflict</a> began between the two groups.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The conflict killed 18 member of Hurras al-Din, 11 members of Hayat Tahrir al-Sham, and one civilian.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 1 January 2021, the group attacked a Russian military base in the northern part of the <a href="/wiki/Raqqa_Governorate" title="Raqqa Governorate">Raqqa Governorate</a>, in an area held by the <a href="/wiki/Syrian_Democratic_Forces" title="Syrian Democratic Forces">Syrian Democratic Forces</a>. The attack was notable for being carried outside of the group's main areas of operation in the Idlib Governorate.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the attack, five members of the group were killed carrying out suicide bombings and injuring between two and three Russian soldiers at the base.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 4 August 2021, a bus carrying members of the <a href="/wiki/Syrian_Republican_Guard" class="mw-redirect" title="Syrian Republican Guard">Syrian Republican Guard</a> exploded in Damascus. Syrian state-media claimed that the explosion was due to a short circuit in the bus that caused the fuel tank to blow up, and that 1 person was killed along with 3 others injured. Hurras al-Din however claimed responsibility for the incident, stating that they had bombed the bus as revenge for the <a href="/wiki/2021_Daraa_offensive" title="2021 Daraa offensive">fighting in Daraa</a>, and that the casualties of the attack was upwards of 19.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Frequent targeting of Hurras al-Din's senior leadership by the United States has crippled the groups operational capacity.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The group has not claimed an attack since 2021, though it still publishes media releases. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Relations_with_other_groups">Relations with other groups</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hurras_al-Din&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Relations with other groups"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hurras al-Din is part of the <b>Be Steadfast Operations Room</b>, formerly the <b>Rouse the Believers Operations Room</b> (also known as the <b>Incite the Believers Operations Room</b>). The Be Steadfast Operations Room is the reconsolidation of the Rouse the Believers Operations Room, following Ansar al Tawhid's defection from it on 3 May 2020. The Rouse the Believers Operations Room was led by Hurras al-Din alongside three other jihadist factions based in northwestern Syria, and alongside Ansar al-Tawhid, established the Alliance to Support Islam in early 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Al-Nusra_Front.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Flag_of_the_Al-Nusra_Front.svg/200px-Flag_of_the_Al-Nusra_Front.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Flag_of_the_Al-Nusra_Front.svg/300px-Flag_of_the_Al-Nusra_Front.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Flag_of_the_Al-Nusra_Front.svg/400px-Flag_of_the_Al-Nusra_Front.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="291" data-file-height="173" /></a><figcaption>Flag of <a href="/wiki/Al-Nusra_Front" title="Al-Nusra Front">Al-Nusra Front</a>, Al-Qaeda's original official branch in Syria until separating in 2016 and dissolving itself to form <a href="/wiki/Hayat_Tahrir_al-Sham" class="mw-redirect" title="Hayat Tahrir al-Sham">Hayat Tahrir al-Sham</a> in 2017.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Al-Qaeda">Al-Qaeda</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hurras_al-Din&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Al-Qaeda"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The group is sometimes disputedly considered Al-Qaeda's branch in Syria.<sup id="cite_ref-Hurras_al-Din_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hurras_al-Din-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-chathamhouse.org3_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-chathamhouse.org3-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The group broke away from <a href="/wiki/Hayat_Tahrir_al-Sham" class="mw-redirect" title="Hayat Tahrir al-Sham">Hayat Tahrir al-Sham</a> in 2018 a year after the formation of Hayat Tahrir al-Sham due to internal tensions in the organization over issues including its allegiance to <a href="/wiki/Al-Qaeda" title="Al-Qaeda">Al-Qaeda</a> and its leaders, furthermore the <a href="/wiki/Khorasan_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="Khorasan Group">Khorasan Group</a> that was believed by several intelligence agencies and analysts to be part of <a href="/wiki/Al-Nusra" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Nusra">al-Nusra</a> which later became HTS, is thought to have evolved into becoming part of Hurras al-Din.<sup id="cite_ref-Schmitt_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schmitt-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Al-Qaeda also reportedly sent senior cadres from its central command nodes in <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> to support the foundation of Hurras al-Din.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ISIL">ISIL</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hurras_al-Din&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: ISIL"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:US_SOF_Al_Baghdadi_raid.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/US_SOF_Al_Baghdadi_raid.png/200px-US_SOF_Al_Baghdadi_raid.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/US_SOF_Al_Baghdadi_raid.png/300px-US_SOF_Al_Baghdadi_raid.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/US_SOF_Al_Baghdadi_raid.png/400px-US_SOF_Al_Baghdadi_raid.png 2x" data-file-width="719" data-file-height="371" /></a><figcaption>US Special forces raiding the compound of <a href="/wiki/Abu_Bakr_al-Baghdadi" title="Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi">Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi</a> in northern Idlib where Hurras al-Din members were also present.</figcaption></figure> <p>The group has instructed its members not to associate with ISIL with threat of expulsion from the group and prosecution,<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while ISIL declared the group to be heretical in its weekly newspaper <i>al-Naba</i>. </p><p>However, there are believed to be ISIL-sympathizers in Hurras al-Din, and prior to the group's foundation as it began as a sub faction of Hayat Tahrir al-Sham in 2017 the year of Hayat Tahrir al-Sham's inception, ISIL reportedly began building ties with these elements prior to the group's formal foundation. </p><p>ISIL also began building a <a href="/wiki/Contingency_plan" title="Contingency plan">contingency plan</a> upon their decline that involved regrouping in opposition held parts of <a href="/wiki/Idlib_Governorate" title="Idlib Governorate">Idlib</a>, including asking the <a href="/wiki/Syrian_Democratic_Forces" title="Syrian Democratic Forces">Syrian Democratic Forces</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Baghuz_Fawqani" title="Battle of Baghuz Fawqani">Battle of Baghuz Fawqani</a> for passage out of the area to Idlib with assistance from Hurras al-Din,<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the group playing a role in the process, with ISIL infiltrating it, by recruiting members of the group sympathetic to ISIL to act as agents including senior leadership, as well as facilitating a flow of displaced fighters from former ISIL-held territories and strongholds to Idlib to join Hurras al-Din, then carrying out assassinations and sabotage campaigns against individuals in the group and other groups and individuals opposed to ISIL, then formally declaring allegiance to ISIL, when ISIL saw the time as right.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_54-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2018, Iraqi media and security officials claimed to have captured members of Hurras al-Din embedded with ISIL fighters from the Syrian border town of <a href="/wiki/Abu_Kamal" title="Abu Kamal">Abu Kamal</a> on the Iraqi border heading towards Iraq's <a href="/wiki/Anbar_Governorate" class="mw-redirect" title="Anbar Governorate">Anbar Governorate</a>, and that the group was seeking to expand its presence to northern and central Iraq, and that it was also working with the <a href="/wiki/Army_of_the_Men_of_the_Naqshbandi_Order" title="Army of the Men of the Naqshbandi Order">Army of the Men of the Naqshbandi Order</a>, which is led by former <a href="/wiki/Saddam_Hussein" title="Saddam Hussein">Saddam Hussein</a>-era <a href="/wiki/Baathist" class="mw-redirect" title="Baathist">Baathist</a> officers, including <a href="/wiki/Izzat_Ibrahim_al-Douri" title="Izzat Ibrahim al-Douri">Izzat Ibrahim al-Douri</a>, the Iraqi government also claimed local political parties were financing the group to help it expand into former ISIL-held territories, however the validity of the reports has been questioned.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_54-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Prior the foundation Hurras al-Din, <a href="/wiki/Sami_al-Oraydi" title="Sami al-Oraydi">Sami al-Oraydi</a>, who holds an influential position in the group, criticized ISIL and claimed they were <a href="/wiki/Kharijites" title="Kharijites">Kharijites</a>, and called them "Muslim Killers", he also said that <a href="/wiki/Abu_Muhammad_al-Adnani" class="mw-redirect" title="Abu Muhammad al-Adnani">Abu Muhammad al-Adnani</a>, ISIL's official spokesman at the time, was ignorant and didn't understand the things he said, as well as several posts on <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a> critical of ISIL, during his tenure as al-Nusra's top Sharia official.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2016, <a href="/wiki/Saif_al-Adel" title="Saif al-Adel">Saif al-Adel</a>, an Egyptian Al-Qaeda member who later became part of Hurras al-Din's leadership, also criticized ISIL saying they were twisted and had perverted thoughts.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In January 2019, as part of a campaign a formation called "Free the female prisoners" was established, with the stated goals of freeing female ISIL prisoners held in <a href="/wiki/Syrian_Democratic_Forces" title="Syrian Democratic Forces">Syrian Democratic Forces</a>-run internment camps such as the <a href="/wiki/Al-Hawl_refugee_camp" title="Al-Hawl refugee camp">Al-Hawl refugee camp</a>. The formation is believed to be associated with Hurras al-Din. However, a separate campaign with the same goal launched by ISIL itself called "Kafel" has denounced the Free the Female Prisoners campaign as apostates. Free the Female Prisoners has denied being linked to either ISIL or Hurras al-Din and claims to be an independent organization willing to work with any faction to achieve their goal of freeing female ISIL prisoners.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In August 2019, an unofficial ISIL media outlet called the Muhajireen Foundation, which provides reports and updates on events that may affect ISIL foreign fighters displaced in Syria, released an infographic showing three separate anti-ISIL operations by HTS in Idlib. One of the raids carried out by HTS targeted members of Hurras al-Din and Ansar al-Tawhid who had ties to ISIL. Two of the arrested individuals were Egyptians.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However previously in January 2019, the same foundation cautioned ISIL members displaced in Idlib to avoid large gatherings and avoid Hayat Tahrir al-Sham and Hurras al-Din, because HTS and Hurras al-Din had arrested several ISIL members, the warning also called both HTS and Hurras al-Din apostates.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In October 2019, based on a receipt book of ISIL reportedly found by associates of former American intelligence official Asaad Almohammad, analysts have stated that Baghdadi was paying the members of the group in exchange for hiding him. According to the receipts, ISIL paid at least $67,000 to them from early 2017 to mid-2018, including $7,000 in summer 2018 to prepare bases for ISIL fighters from "al-Khair province", hinting that they helped in smuggling ISIL members. <a href="/wiki/Aymenn_Jawad_Al-Tamimi" title="Aymenn Jawad Al-Tamimi">Aymenn Jawad Al-Tamimi</a> pointed to the fact that two groups opposition towards each other.<sup id="cite_ref-almohammad_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-almohammad-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, Tamimi also speculated that some of the receipts obtained were fabrications, except the ones from March to July 2018 that he was shown.<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_55-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It is also believed that some members might also be part of a pro-ISIL faction despite the group's official stance regarding ISIL which is critical and generally opposed to it, including reportedly instructing its members not to associate with ISIL members, and ISIL viewing the group as heretical due to their support of the <a href="/wiki/Taliban" title="Taliban">Taliban</a> and <a href="/wiki/Al-Qaeda" title="Al-Qaeda">al-Qaeda</a>, as well as the group's hesitance to confront Hayat Tahrir al-Sham, despite tensions between the two.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hayat_Tahrir_al-Sham">Hayat Tahrir al-Sham</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hurras_al-Din&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Hayat Tahrir al-Sham"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The group has held tensions with Hayat Tahrir al-Sham on numerous occasions but has largely avoided armed confrontation with HTS, with most of the tensions being confined to media campaigns against each other. In January 2019, Hurras al-Din accused HTS of being involved in a secret plan to establish a military council under the control of the mainstream Syrian opposition including ex-government defectors, that would be supervised by <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>, Hurras al-Din also claimed that HTS was willing to open the M5 highway to traffic from government-held areas. </p><p>Though holding tensions with HTS, the leadership of Hurras al-Din is respected among HTS members, reportedly causing hesitance for the two to openly fight each other, and HTS adopting a policy of containing the group rather than confronting it in open conflict.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 7 February 2019, members of Hurras al-Din shot at a car with HTS members inside following tensions in January. Hurras al-Din later signed an agreement following the incident, and Hurras al-Din apologized for killing an HTS member killed by the gunfire. Over the following days afterwards several agreements were made between HTS and Hurras al-Din to de escalate tensions between the two.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In late October 2019, a faction of Hurras al-Din led by a cleric named Abu al-Yaman al-Wazzani separated from the group, and formed a new group called Ansar al-Haq. Wazzani and his supporters claimed that Hurras al-Din had not held up obligations that they believe the group had promised to uphold, and believed Hurras al-Din was lacking in the enforcement of Sharia law, followers of Wazzani were mostly reported to be former <a href="/wiki/Jund_al-Aqsa" title="Jund al-Aqsa">Jund al-Aqsa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Faylaq_al-Sham" class="mw-redirect" title="Faylaq al-Sham">Faylaq al-Sham</a> fighters.<sup id="cite_ref-auto2_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ansar al-Haq was also critical of HTS and its relaxed policy regarding Sharia, believing that HTS allowed immorality and did not implement justice, and also viewed HTS as an oppressive body. After the formation of Ansar al-Haq, HTS arrested Wazzani and his followers. HTS also holds tensions with Jaysh Khorasan, a group close to Hurras al-Din.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Analysis">Analysis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hurras_al-Din&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Analysis"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It is thought by the Israeli <a href="/wiki/Intelligence_and_Terrorism_Information_Center" title="Intelligence and Terrorism Information Center">Intelligence and Terrorism Information Center</a> that the formation of the group will weaken HTS.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Alexander Sehmer of the <a href="/wiki/Jamestown_Foundation" title="Jamestown Foundation">Jamestown Foundation</a> has stated that Guardians of the Religion Organization gives Al Qaeda the best opportunity to improve its fortunes in Syria.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Organization">Organization</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hurras_al-Din&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Organization"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Leadership">Leadership</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hurras_al-Din&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Leadership"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Abu Jilibib Tubasi,<sup id="cite_ref-bottleneck_75-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bottleneck-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> killed in December 2018<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Bilal Khuraisat, also known as Abu Khadija al-Urduni, killed in December 2019<sup id="cite_ref-ap22dec_77-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ap22dec-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sami_al-Oraydi" title="Sami al-Oraydi">Sami al-Oraydi</a><sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khalid_al-Aruri" title="Khalid al-Aruri">Khalid al-Aruri</a>, also known as Abu al-Qasem al-Urduni,<sup id="cite_ref-akhbaralaan_79-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-akhbaralaan-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> killed in June 2020<sup id="cite_ref-longwarjournal_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-longwarjournal-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saif_al-Adel" title="Saif al-Adel">Saif al-Adel</a><sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Abu 'Abd al-Karim al-Masri<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Humam_al-Shami" title="Abu Humam al-Shami">Abu Humam al-Shami</a><sup id="cite_ref-akhbaralaan_79-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-akhbaralaan-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sari_Shihab" title="Sari Shihab">Sari Shihab</a>, also known as Abu Khallad al-Muhandis, killed in August 2019<sup id="cite_ref-akhbaralaan_79-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-akhbaralaan-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Abu Adnan al-Homsi, logistics and equipment commander, killed in June 2020<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Abu Dhar al-Masri, killed on 15 October 2020<sup id="cite_ref-hawarnews_84-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hawarnews-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Abu Yusuf al-Maghribi, killed on 15 October 2020<sup id="cite_ref-hawarnews_84-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hawarnews-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Abu Hamzah al Yemeni, killed by drone strike in June 2022<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Abu Ubaidah al-Iraqi, killed by drone strike in February 2023<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Abu Abdul Rahman al-Makki, senior leader, killed during a drone strike in Idlib in August 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Marwan Bassam 'Abd-al-Ra'uf, a senior leader who oversaw the groups military operation in Syria was killed in a US airstrike in September 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hurras_al-Din&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.siteintelgroup.com/images/obgrabber/2018-08/15903338df.jpeg">"Archived copy"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190723015627/https://news.siteintelgroup.com/images/obgrabber/2018-08/15903338df.jpeg">Archived</a> from the original on 2019-07-23<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-07-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archived+copy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.siteintelgroup.com%2Fimages%2Fobgrabber%2F2018-08%2F15903338df.jpeg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title" title="Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-jihadology-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-jihadology_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-jihadology_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://jihadology.net/2018/10/15/new-video-message-from-%e1%b8%a5uras-al-din-part-of-the-works-of-the-%e1%b8%a5isbah-in-saraqib/”">"New video message from Ḥurās al-Dīn: "Part of the Works of the Ḥisbah in Sarāqib"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. Jihadology/. 15 October 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200914202823/https://jihadology.net/2018/10/15/new-video-message-from-%E1%B8%A5uras-al-din-part-of-the-works-of-the-%E1%B8%A5isbah-in-saraqib/">Archived</a> from the original on 14 September 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=New+video+message+from+%E1%B8%A4ur%C4%81s+al-D%C4%ABn%3A+%22Part+of+the+Works+of+the+%E1%B8%A4isbah+in+Sar%C4%81qib%22&rft.pub=Jihadology%2F&rft.date=2018-10-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjihadology.net%2F2018%2F10%2F15%2Fnew-video-message-from-%25e1%25b8%25a5uras-al-din-part-of-the-works-of-the-%25e1%25b8%25a5isbah-in-saraqib%2F%E2%80%9D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-swd-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-swd_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-swd_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-swd_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJoško_Barić2018" class="citation web cs1">Joško Barić (28 February 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://syrianwardaily.wordpress.com/2018/02/28/syrian-war-daily-28th-of-february-2018/">"Syrian War Daily – 28th of February 2018"</a>. <i>Syrian War Daily</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180301164331/https://syrianwardaily.wordpress.com/2018/02/28/syrian-war-daily-28th-of-february-2018/">Archived</a> from the original on 1 March 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Syrian+War+Daily&rft.atitle=Syrian+War+Daily+%E2%80%93+28th+of+February+2018&rft.date=2018-02-28&rft.au=Jo%C5%A1ko+Bari%C4%87&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsyrianwardaily.wordpress.com%2F2018%2F02%2F28%2Fsyrian-war-daily-28th-of-february-2018%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-auto2-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto2_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto2_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAl-Tamimi2019" class="citation web cs1">Al-Tamimi, Aymenn Jawad (30 October 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aymennjawad.org/2019/10/jamaat-ansar-al-haq-separation-from-hurras-al-din">"Jama'at Ansar al-Haq's Separation from Hurras al-Din: Translation and Analysis"</a>. <i>Aymenn Jawad Al-Tamimi</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191031111849/http://www.aymennjawad.org/2019/10/jamaat-ansar-al-haq-separation-from-hurras-al-din">Archived</a> from the original on 2019-10-31<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-10-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Aymenn+Jawad+Al-Tamimi&rft.atitle=Jama%27at+Ansar+al-Haq%27s+Separation+from+Hurras+al-Din%3A+Translation+and+Analysis&rft.date=2019-10-30&rft.aulast=Al-Tamimi&rft.aufirst=Aymenn+Jawad&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aymennjawad.org%2F2019%2F10%2Fjamaat-ansar-al-haq-separation-from-hurras-al-din&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lwj-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-lwj_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lwj_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lwj_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThomas_Joscelyn2018" class="citation web cs1">Thomas Joscelyn (29 December 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2018/12/jihadis-claim-us-designated-terrorist-killed-in-syria.php">"Jihadis claim US-designated terrorist killed in Syria"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Long_War_Journal" class="mw-redirect" title="Long War Journal">Long War Journal</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190107124631/https://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2018/12/jihadis-claim-us-designated-terrorist-killed-in-syria.php">Archived</a> from the original on 7 January 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 January</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Long+War+Journal&rft.atitle=Jihadis+claim+US-designated+terrorist+killed+in+Syria&rft.date=2018-12-29&rft.au=Thomas+Joscelyn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.longwarjournal.org%2Farchives%2F2018%2F12%2Fjihadis-claim-us-designated-terrorist-killed-in-syria.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://smartnews-agency.com/en/wires/337557/landmine-explosion-kills-and-injures-guardians-of-religion-members-in">"Landmine explosion kills and injures Guardians of Religion members in Latakia"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/SMART_News_Agency" title="SMART News Agency">SMART News Agency</a></i>. 16 October 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181104125901/https://smartnews-agency.com/en/wires/337557/landmine-explosion-kills-and-injures-guardians-of-religion-members-in">Archived</a> from the original on 4 November 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Voice of America. 15 June 2020. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.voanews.com/a/extremism-watch_jihadists-syrias-idlib-form-new-operations-room/6191167.html">the original</a> on 7 November 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 September</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Jihadists+in+Syria%27s+Idlib+Form+New+%27Operations+Room%27&rft.pub=Voice+of+America&rft.date=2020-06-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.voanews.com%2Fa%2Fextremism-watch_jihadists-syrias-idlib-form-new-operations-room%2F6191167.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bbc-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bbc_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bbc_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bbc_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://monitoring.bbc.co.uk/product/c1domcfl">"Explainer: Who are the jihadist groups fighting in Syria's Idlib?"</a>. BBC Monitoring. 13 January 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180616055250/https://monitoring.bbc.co.uk/product/c1domcfl">Archived</a> from the original on 16 June 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Explainer%3A+Who+are+the+jihadist+groups+fighting+in+Syria%27s+Idlib%3F&rft.pub=BBC+Monitoring&rft.date=2018-01-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmonitoring.bbc.co.uk%2Fproduct%2Fc1domcfl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/04/17-syria-pro-regime-fighters-killed-rebel-attacks-190427160246489.html">"At least 17 Syria pro-regime fighters killed in rebel attacks"</a>. Al Jazeera. 27 April 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190427210135/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/04/17-syria-pro-regime-fighters-killed-rebel-attacks-190427160246489.html">Archived</a> from the original on 27 April 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 April</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=At+least+17+Syria+pro-regime+fighters+killed+in+rebel+attacks&rft.pub=Al+Jazeera&rft.date=2019-04-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnews%2F2019%2F04%2F17-syria-pro-regime-fighters-killed-rebel-attacks-190427160246489.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-swd29april-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-swd29april_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJoško_Barić2018" class="citation web cs1">Joško Barić (29 April 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://syrianwardaily.com/2018/04/29/syrian-war-daily-29th-of-april-2018/">"Syrian War Daily – 29th of April 2018"</a>. <i>Syrian War Daily</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180826123605/https://syrianwardaily.com/2018/04/29/syrian-war-daily-29th-of-april-2018/">Archived</a> from the original on 26 August 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Syrian+War+Daily&rft.atitle=Syrian+War+Daily+%E2%80%93+29th+of+April+2018&rft.date=2018-04-29&rft.au=Jo%C5%A1ko+Bari%C4%87&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsyrianwardaily.com%2F2018%2F04%2F29%2Fsyrian-war-daily-29th-of-april-2018%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-shr-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-shr_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-shr_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.syriahr.com/en/?p=90411">"After military operation for it, violent attack by Horas Al-Din and Ansar Al-Tawheed and Jaysh Al-Izza in northern Hama and heavy aerial and ground shelling target the area"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Observatory_for_Human_Rights" title="Syrian Observatory for Human Rights">Syrian Observatory for Human Rights</a></i>. 26 April 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180429011833/http://www.syriahr.com/en/?p=90411">Archived</a> from the original on 29 April 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Syrian+Observatory+for+Human+Rights&rft.atitle=After+military+operation+for+it%2C+violent+attack+by+Horas+Al-Din+and+Ansar+Al-Tawheed+and+Jaysh+Al-Izza+in+northern+Hama+and+heavy+aerial+and+ground+shelling+target+the+area&rft.date=2018-04-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.syriahr.com%2Fen%2F%3Fp%3D90411&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.shaam.org/news/syria-news/%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%8A%D9%85-%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B4%D9%83%D9%84-%D8%A8%D8%A5%D8%AF%D9%84%D8%A8-%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%B6%D9%85-%D9%84%D9%80-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%B4-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%82%D8%B4%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%8A-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%82-%D9%88%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%85%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B0%D8%B1-%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%BA%D9%84%D8%BA%D9%84-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B8%D8%A9-%D8%B5%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86.html">"1062 – خطأ: 1062"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200925085036/http://www.shaam.org/news/syria-news/%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%8A%D9%85-%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B4%D9%83%D9%84-%D8%A8%D8%A5%D8%AF%D9%84%D8%A8-%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%B6%D9%85-%D9%84%D9%80-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%B4-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%82%D8%B4%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%8A-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%82-%D9%88%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D9%85%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%B0%D8%B1-%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%BA%D9%84%D8%BA%D9%84-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B8%D8%A9-%D8%B5%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AD-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2020-09-25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-08-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1062+%E2%80%93+%D8%AE%D8%B7%D8%A3%3A+1062&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.shaam.org%2Fnews%2Fsyria-news%2F%25D8%25AA%25D9%2586%25D8%25B8%25D9%258A%25D9%2585-%25D8%25AD%25D8%25B1%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B3-%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25AF%25D9%258A%25D9%2586-%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D9%2585%25D8%25B4%25D9%2583%25D9%2584-%25D8%25A8%25D8%25A5%25D8%25AF%25D9%2584%25D8%25A8-%25D9%258A%25D9%2586%25D8%25B6%25D9%2585-%25D9%2584%25D9%2580-%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25AC%25D9%258A%25D8%25B4-%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D9%2586%25D9%2582%25D8%25B4%25D8%25A8%25D9%2586%25D8%25AF%25D9%258A-%25D9%2581%25D9%258A-%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25B9%25D8%25B1%25D8%25A7%25D9%2582-%25D9%2588%25D9%2585%25D8%25B5%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AF%25D8%25B1-%25D8%25A3%25D9%2585%25D9%2586%25D9%258A%25D8%25A9-%25D8%25AA%25D8%25AD%25D8%25B0%25D8%25B1-%25D9%2585%25D9%2586-%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25AA%25D8%25BA%25D9%2584%25D8%25BA%25D9%2584-%25D9%2581%25D9%258A-%25D9%2585%25D8%25AD%25D8%25A7%25D9%2581%25D8%25B8%25D8%25A9-%25D8%25B5%25D9%2584%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AD-%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25AF%25D9%258A%25D9%2586.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMais_Noor_Aldeen2018" class="citation web cs1">Mais Noor Aldeen (24 September 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://smartnews-agency.com/en/wires/330410/guardians-of-religion-shells-russian-monitoring-outpost-eastern-idlib">"Guardians of Religion shells Russian monitoring outpost, Eastern Idlib"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/SMART_News_Agency" title="SMART News Agency">SMART News Agency</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181010095350/https://smartnews-agency.com/en/wires/330410/guardians-of-religion-shells-russian-monitoring-outpost-eastern-idlib">Archived</a> from the original on 10 October 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=SMART+News+Agency&rft.atitle=Guardians+of+Religion+shells+Russian+monitoring+outpost%2C+Eastern+Idlib&rft.date=2018-09-24&rft.au=Mais+Noor+Aldeen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsmartnews-agency.com%2Fen%2Fwires%2F330410%2Fguardians-of-religion-shells-russian-monitoring-outpost-eastern-idlib&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8persons-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-8persons_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-8persons_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.syriahr.com/en/?p=133022">"About 8 persons mostly commanders of non-Syrian nationalities were killed in aerial bombardment believed to be caused by the International Coalition warplanes that targeted a headquarters of Hurras Al-Din organization in the "Putin – Erdogan" area"</a>. <i>Syrian Observatory for Human Rights</i>. 1 July 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200914202819/https://www.syriahr.com/en/133022/">Archived</a> from the original on 14 September 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 July</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Syrian+Observatory+for+Human+Rights&rft.atitle=About+8+persons+mostly+commanders+of+non-Syrian+nationalities+were+killed+in+aerial+bombardment+believed+to+be+caused+by+the+International+Coalition+warplanes+that+targeted+a+headquarters+of+Hurras+Al-Din+organization+in+the+%22Putin+%E2%80%93+Erdogan%22+area&rft.date=2019-07-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.syriahr.com%2Fen%2F%3Fp%3D133022&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-aqs-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-aqs_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-aqs_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.centcom.mil/MEDIA/STATEMENTS/Statements-View/Article/1891697/statement-from-us-central-command-on-strike-against-al-qaida-in-syria/">"Statement from U.S. Central Command on strike against al-Qaida in Syria"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/United_States_Central_Command" title="United States Central Command">United States Central Command</a></i>. 30 June 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190701193207/https://www.centcom.mil/MEDIA/STATEMENTS/Statements-View/Article/1891697/statement-from-us-central-command-on-strike-against-al-qaida-in-syria/">Archived</a> from the original on 1 July 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 July</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=United+States+Central+Command&rft.atitle=Statement+from+U.S.+Central+Command+on+strike+against+al-Qaida+in+Syria&rft.date=2019-06-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.centcom.mil%2FMEDIA%2FSTATEMENTS%2FStatements-View%2FArticle%2F1891697%2Fstatement-from-us-central-command-on-strike-against-al-qaida-in-syria%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFfildisiajans.com.tr" class="citation web cs1">fildisiajans.com.tr, Fildişi Ajans, Danışmanlık ve Yazılım. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://orsam.org.tr/en/rivalry-between-hts-and-hurras-al-din-in-idlib-from-ideological-partnership-to-animosity/">"ORSAM-Center for Middle Eastern Studies"</a>. <i>ORSAM-Center for Middle Eastern Studies</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210115141115/https://www.orsam.org.tr/en/rivalry-between-hts-and-hurras-al-din-in-idlib-from-ideological-partnership-to-animosity/">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-01-15<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Syrian+War+Daily&rft.atitle=Syrian+War+Daily+%E2%80%93+2nd+of+March+2018&rft.date=2018-03-02&rft.au=Jo%C5%A1ko+Bari%C4%87&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsyrianwardaily.wordpress.com%2F2018%2F02%2F28%2Fsyrian-war-daily-28th-of-february-2018%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/russia-blames-western-states-for-terrorists-obtaining-chemical-weapons/">"Russia blames western states for terrorists obtaining chemical weapons"</a>. Al-Masdar News. 12 October 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181025071115/https://www.almasdarnews.com/article/russia-blames-western-states-for-terrorists-obtaining-chemical-weapons/">Archived</a> from the original on 25 October 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-05-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=alghadpress.com&rft.atitle=%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%AF+%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%B3&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.alghadpress.com%2Fnews%2F%25D8%25A3%25D8%25AE%25D8%25A8%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B1-%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25B9%25D8%25B1%25D8%25A7%25D9%2582%2F170445%2F%25D8%25AD%25D8%25B0%25D8%25B1-%25D9%2585%25D9%2586-%25D8%25B9%25D9%2588%25D8%25AF%25D8%25A9-%25D8%25AF%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B9%25D8%25B4-%25D9%2584%25D9%2584%25D8%25A3%25D9%2586%25D8%25A8%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B1-%25D9%2585%25D8%25B5%25D8%25AF%25D8%25B1-%25D9%2582%25D9%2588%25D8%25A9-%25D8%25AE%25D8%25A7%25D8%25B5%25D8%25A9-%25D8%25B9%25D8%25B1%25D8%25A7%25D9%2582%25D9%258A%25D8%25A9-%25D8%25AA%25D8%25B7%25D9%258A%25D8%25AD&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.akhbaralaan.net/news/arab-world/2018/08/13/%d9%82%d9%88%d8%a9-%d8%ae%d8%a7%d8%b5%d8%a9-%d8%b9%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%82%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%aa%d9%82%d8%aa%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%b4%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%b8%d9%8a%d9%85-%d8%ad%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b3-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%8a%d9%86">"قوة خاصة عراقية تقتل العشرات من تنظيم حراس الدين"</a>. 12 August 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200914202821/https://www.akhbaralaan.net/news/arab-world/2018/08/13/%d9%82%d9%88%d8%a9-%d8%ae%d8%a7%d8%b5%d8%a9-%d8%b9%d8%b1%d8%a7%d9%82%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%aa%d9%82%d8%aa%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%b4%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%b8%d9%8a%d9%85-%d8%ad%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b3-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%8a%d9%86">Archived</a> from the original on 14 September 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 October</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D9%82%D9%88%D8%A9+%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5%D8%A9+%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A9+%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%AA%D9%84+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA+%D9%85%D9%86+%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%8A%D9%85+%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86&rft.date=2018-08-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.akhbaralaan.net%2Fnews%2Farab-world%2F2018%2F08%2F13%2F%25d9%2582%25d9%2588%25d8%25a9-%25d8%25ae%25d8%25a7%25d8%25b5%25d8%25a9-%25d8%25b9%25d8%25b1%25d8%25a7%25d9%2582%25d9%258a%25d8%25a9-%25d8%25aa%25d9%2582%25d8%25aa%25d9%2584-%25d8%25a7%25d9%2584%25d8%25b9%25d8%25b4%25d8%25b1%25d8%25a7%25d8%25aa-%25d9%2585%25d9%2586-%25d8%25aa%25d9%2586%25d8%25b8%25d9%258a%25d9%2585-%25d8%25ad%25d8%25b1%25d8%25a7%25d8%25b3-%25d8%25a7%25d9%2584%25d8%25af%25d9%258a%25d9%2586&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/28785/u-s-launches-rare-strike-on-al-qaeda-in-western-syria-amid-shifting-regional-agenda">"U.S. Launches Rare Strike on Al Qaeda in Western Syria Amid Shifting Regional Agenda"</a>. <i>The Drive</i>. 1 July 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190701233343/https://www.thedrive.com/the-war-zone/28785/u-s-launches-rare-strike-on-al-qaeda-in-western-syria-amid-shifting-regional-agenda">Archived</a> from the original on 1 July 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 July</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Drive&rft.atitle=U.S.+Launches+Rare+Strike+on+Al+Qaeda+in+Western+Syria+Amid+Shifting+Regional+Agenda&rft.date=2019-07-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thedrive.com%2Fthe-war-zone%2F28785%2Fu-s-launches-rare-strike-on-al-qaeda-in-western-syria-amid-shifting-regional-agenda&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.syriahr.com/en/?p=139240">"At least 40 of the jihadi groups were killed after an unidentified targeting of headquarters and meeting of "Wa Harred al-Mu'min" operation room in Idlib countryside"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Observatory_for_Human_Rights" title="Syrian Observatory for Human Rights">Syrian Observatory for Human Rights</a></i>. 31 August 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191204100025/http://www.syriahr.com/en/?p=139240">Archived</a> from the original on 4 December 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 August</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Syrian+Observatory+for+Human+Rights&rft.atitle=At+least+40+of+the+jihadi+groups+were+killed+after+an+unidentified+targeting+of+headquarters+and+meeting+of+%22Wa+Harred+al-Mu%27min%22+operation+room+in+Idlib+countryside&rft.date=2019-08-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.syriahr.com%2Fen%2F%3Fp%3D139240&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-49538528">"Syria war: US missile strike on 'al-Qaeda leaders' in Idlib"</a>. <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>. 31 August 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190831224731/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-49538528">Archived</a> from the original on 31 August 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 August</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Syria+war%3A+US+missile+strike+on+%27al-Qaeda+leaders%27+in+Idlib&rft.pub=BBC&rft.date=2019-08-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-middle-east-49538528&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChulov2019" class="citation news cs1">Chulov, Martin (29 October 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/oct/27/nowhere-left-to-run-how-the-us-finally-caught-up-with-isis-leader-baghdadi">"Nowhere left to run: how the US finally caught up with Isis leader Baghdadi"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200105131656/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/oct/27/nowhere-left-to-run-how-the-us-finally-caught-up-with-isis-leader-baghdadi">Archived</a> from the original on 5 January 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 October</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Nowhere+left+to+run%3A+how+the+US+finally+caught+up+with+Isis+leader+Baghdadi&rft.date=2019-10-29&rft.aulast=Chulov&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2019%2Foct%2F27%2Fnowhere-left-to-run-how-the-us-finally-caught-up-with-isis-leader-baghdadi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBel2019" class="citation news cs1">Bel, Trew (29 October 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/how-baghdadi-caught-isis-trump-us-syria-leaders-islamic-state-a9175251.html">"How al-Baghdadi was caught after years in hiding, and who in Isis will take over"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191125232531/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/how-baghdadi-caught-isis-trump-us-syria-leaders-islamic-state-a9175251.html">Archived</a> from the original on 25 November 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 October</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=How+al-Baghdadi+was+caught+after+years+in+hiding%2C+and+who+in+Isis+will+take+over&rft.date=2019-10-29&rft.aulast=Bel&rft.aufirst=Trew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.independent.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld%2Fmiddle-east%2Fhow-baghdadi-caught-isis-trump-us-syria-leaders-islamic-state-a9175251.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.syriahr.com/en/164644/">"48 Regime Forces, Militants Killed in Hama Countryside"</a>. <i>Syrian Observatory for Human Rights</i>. 13 May 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200626141219/https://www.syriahr.com/en/164644/">Archived</a> from the original on 26 June 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Syrian+Observatory+for+Human+Rights&rft.atitle=48+Regime+Forces%2C+Militants+Killed+in+Hama+Countryside&rft.date=2020-05-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.syriahr.com%2Fen%2F164644%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.voanews.com/extremism-watch/jihadists-syrias-idlib-form-new-operations-room">"Jihadists in Syria's Idlib Form New 'Operations Room' | Voice of America – English"</a>. <i>voanews.com</i>. 15 June 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200820120437/https://www.voanews.com/extremism-watch/jihadists-syrias-idlib-form-new-operations-room">Archived</a> from the original on 2020-08-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-06-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=voanews.com&rft.atitle=Jihadists+in+Syria%27s+Idlib+Form+New+%27Operations+Room%27+%7C+Voice+of+America+%E2%80%93+English&rft.date=2020-06-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.voanews.com%2Fextremism-watch%2Fjihadists-syrias-idlib-form-new-operations-room&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nedaa-sy.com/en/news/20998">"Clashes broke out between Tahrir Al-Sham and "Stand Firm" factions west of Idlib city"</a>. <i>Call Syria</i>. 23 June 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200824230120/https://nedaa-sy.com/en/news/20998">Archived</a> from the original on 24 August 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-03-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=By+targeting+a+Russian+base+in+Raqqa%2C+Hurras+al-Din+sends+a+multifaceted+message&rft.date=2021-01-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsyriadirect.org%2Fby-targeting-a-russian-base-in-raqqa-hurras-al-din-sends-a-multifaceted-message-2%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kurdistan24.net/en/story/23717-Jihadi-group-claims-rare-attack-against-Russian-base-in-northeast-Syria">"Jihadi group claims rare attack against Russian base in northeast Syria"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210329061156/https://www.kurdistan24.net/en/story/23717-Jihadi-group-claims-rare-attack-against-Russian-base-in-northeast-Syria">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-03-29<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 November</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=A+Desperate+Exodus+From+ISIS%27+Final+Village&rft.date=2019-02-06&rft.aulast=Callimachi&rft.aufirst=Rukmini&rft.au=Prickett%2C+Ivor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2019%2F02%2F06%2Fworld%2Fmiddleeast%2Fisis-baghuz.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.middleeasteye.net/news/after-baghdadi-will-islamic-state-fighters-seek-return-al-qaeda-ranks">"After Baghdadi: Will Islamic State fighters seek return to al-Qaeda?"</a>. <i>Middle East Eye</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200408012218/https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/after-baghdadi-will-islamic-state-fighters-seek-return-al-qaeda-ranks">Archived</a> from the original on 2020-04-08<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-01-04</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=english.alarabiya.net&rft.atitle=Is+Iraq%27s+%27Guardians+of+Religion%27+aiming+for+a+%27Sunni+region%27%3F&rft.date=2019-01-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenglish.alarabiya.net%2Fen%2Ffeatures%2F2019%2F01%2F02%2FIraq-Guardians-of-Religion-seeks-to-establish-a-Sunni-region.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.counterextremism.com/extremists/sami-al-oraidi">"Sami al-Oraidi"</a>. <i>Counter Extremism Project</i>. 19 February 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191101175010/https://www.counterextremism.com/extremists/sami-al-oraidi">Archived</a> from the original on 1 November 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 November</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Counter+Extremism+Project&rft.atitle=Sami+al-Oraidi&rft.date=2015-02-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.counterextremism.com%2Fextremists%2Fsami-al-oraidi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2016/03/al-qaeda-insider-returns-to-twitter-discusses-groups-global-leadership.php">"Al Qaeda insider returns to Twitter, discusses group's global leadership"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Long_War_Journal" class="mw-redirect" title="Long War Journal">Long War Journal</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190404155218/https://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2016/03/al-qaeda-insider-returns-to-twitter-discusses-groups-global-leadership.php">Archived</a> from the original on 2019-04-04<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-11-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Long+War+Journal&rft.atitle=Al+Qaeda+insider+returns+to+Twitter%2C+discusses+group%27s+global+leadership&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.longwarjournal.org%2Farchives%2F2016%2F03%2Fal-qaeda-insider-returns-to-twitter-discusses-groups-global-leadership.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAl-Tamimi2019" class="citation web cs1">Al-Tamimi, Aymenn Jawad (15 October 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aymennjawad.org/2019/10/free-the-female-prisoners-a-campaign-to-free">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Free the Female Prisoners': A Campaign to Free Women Held in SDF Camps"</a>. <i>Aymenn Jawad Al-Tamimi</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191202112337/https://www.aymennjawad.org/2019/10/free-the-female-prisoners-a-campaign-to-free">Archived</a> from the original on 2019-12-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-11-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Aymenn+Jawad+Al-Tamimi&rft.atitle=%27Free+the+Female+Prisoners%27%3A+A+Campaign+to+Free+Women+Held+in+SDF+Camps&rft.date=2019-10-15&rft.aulast=Al-Tamimi&rft.aufirst=Aymenn+Jawad&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aymennjawad.org%2F2019%2F10%2Ffree-the-female-prisoners-a-campaign-to-free&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.trackingterrorism.org/chatter/infographic-islamic-state-supporters-al-muhajireen-foundation-unofficial-violations-apostate">"(Infographic) Islamic State supporters Al Muhajireen Foundation (unofficial): "Violations of the apostate Hayyat Tahrir Al-Sham" – 27 August 2019"</a>. <i>Terrorism Research & Analysis Consortium</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200313230911/https://www.trackingterrorism.org/chatter/infographic-islamic-state-supporters-al-muhajireen-foundation-unofficial-violations-apostate">Archived</a> from the original on 13 March 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 October</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Terrorism+Research+%26+Analysis+Consortium&rft.atitle=%28Infographic%29+Islamic+State+supporters+Al+Muhajireen+Foundation+%28unofficial%29%3A+%22Violations+of+the+apostate+Hayyat+Tahrir+Al-Sham%22+%E2%80%93+27+August+2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.trackingterrorism.org%2Fchatter%2Finfographic-islamic-state-supporters-al-muhajireen-foundation-unofficial-violations-apostate&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pbs.twimg.com/media/EDAotSnXUAE4z80.jpg">"Archived copy"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200310090638/https://pbs.twimg.com/media/EDAotSnXUAE4z80.jpg">Archived</a> from the original on 2020-03-10<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-10-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archived+copy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpbs.twimg.com%2Fmedia%2FEDAotSnXUAE4z80.jpg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title" title="Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191101180409/https://pbs.twimg.com/media/DyGqaRhV4AAvSGz?format=jpg&name=small">"Security alert for the brothers in Idlib"</a>. 1 November 2019. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pbs.twimg.com/media/DyGqaRhV4AAvSGz?format=jpg&name=small">the original</a> on 2019-11-01.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Security+alert+for+the+brothers+in+Idlib&rft.date=2019-11-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpbs.twimg.com%2Fmedia%2FDyGqaRhV4AAvSGz%3Fformat%3Djpg%26name%3Dsmall&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.trackingterrorism.org/chatter/poster-al-muhajireen-foundation-security-alert-brothers-idlib-avoid-large-gatherings-hts-and">"(Poster) Al Muhajireen Foundation (Unofficial IS) : Security Alert For Brothers Avoid Large Gatherings HTS & Tanzim Huras al-Din (Guardians of Religion / AQ In Syria) are Hunting You in Idlib, Syria – 29 January 2019"</a>. <i>Terrorism Research & Analysis Consortium</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191101180802/https://www.trackingterrorism.org/chatter/poster-al-muhajireen-foundation-security-alert-brothers-idlib-avoid-large-gatherings-hts-and">Archived</a> from the original on 1 November 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 November</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Terrorism+Research+%26+Analysis+Consortium&rft.atitle=%28Poster%29+Al+Muhajireen+Foundation+%28Unofficial+IS%29+%3A+Security+Alert+For+Brothers+Avoid+Large+Gatherings+HTS+%26+Tanzim+Huras+al-Din+%28Guardians+of+Religion+%2F+AQ+In+Syria%29+are+Hunting+You+in+Idlib%2C+Syria+%E2%80%93+29+January+2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.trackingterrorism.org%2Fchatter%2Fposter-al-muhajireen-foundation-security-alert-brothers-idlib-avoid-large-gatherings-hts-and&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-almohammad-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-almohammad_66-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCallimachi2019" class="citation news cs1">Callimachi, Rukmini (30 October 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/30/world/middleeast/isis-leader-al-baghdadi.html">"ISIS Leader Paid Rival for Protection but Was Betrayed by His Own"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191228154928/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/30/world/middleeast/isis-leader-al-baghdadi.html">Archived</a> from the original on 28 December 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 October</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=ISIS+Leader+Paid+Rival+for+Protection+but+Was+Betrayed+by+His+Own&rft.date=2019-10-30&rft.aulast=Callimachi&rft.aufirst=Rukmini&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2019%2F10%2F30%2Fworld%2Fmiddleeast%2Fisis-leader-al-baghdadi.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kyleorton1991.wordpress.com/2018/04/28/isis-naba-hurras-al-deen-takfir/">"Islamic State Declares Members of Al-Qaeda's New Syrian Branch to Be Heretics"</a>. 28 April 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191101073455/https://kyleorton1991.wordpress.com/2018/04/28/isis-naba-hurras-al-deen-takfir/">Archived</a> from the original on 1 November 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 October</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Islamic+State+Declares+Members+of+Al-Qaeda%27s+New+Syrian+Branch+to+Be+Heretics&rft.date=2018-04-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fkyleorton1991.wordpress.com%2F2018%2F04%2F28%2Fisis-naba-hurras-al-deen-takfir%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAl-Tamimi2019" class="citation web cs1">Al-Tamimi, Aymenn J. (27 October 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://twitter.com/ajaltamimi/status/1188469278716116992">"Another point re. Baghdadi and alleged relations with AQ loyalist Hurras al-Din. Baghdadi definitely was not working with Hurras as an organisation. But it's likely the group has some IS sympathisers inside it. In February, Hurras warned its members against affiliation/contact w/ISpic.twitter.com/tUs9Zi9OY9"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191027151914/https://twitter.com/ajaltamimi/status/1188469278716116992">Archived</a> from the original on 27 October 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 October</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Another+point+re.+Baghdadi+and+alleged+relations+with+AQ+loyalist+Hurras+al-Din.+Baghdadi+definitely+was+not+working+with+Hurras+as+an+organisation.+But+it%27s+likely+the+group+has+some+IS+sympathisers+inside+it.+In+February%2C+Hurras+warned+its+members+against+affiliation%2Fcontact+w%2FISpic.twitter.com%2FtUs9Zi9OY9&rft.date=2019-10-27&rft.aulast=Al-Tamimi&rft.aufirst=Aymenn+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftwitter.com%2Fajaltamimi%2Fstatus%2F1188469278716116992&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBulos2019" class="citation news cs1">Bulos, Nabih (28 October 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.latimes.com/world-nation/story/2019-10-28/barisha-baghdadi-death-a-mystery">"The quiet man who harbored Islamic State leader Baghdadi"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191105180410/https://www.latimes.com/world-nation/story/2019-10-28/barisha-baghdadi-death-a-mystery">Archived</a> from the original on 5 November 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 November</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=The+quiet+man+who+harbored+Islamic+State+leader+Baghdadi&rft.date=2019-10-28&rft.aulast=Bulos&rft.aufirst=Nabih&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Fworld-nation%2Fstory%2F2019-10-28%2Fbarisha-baghdadi-death-a-mystery&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://theconflictarchives.com/news/2020/5/20/will-hayet-tahrir-al-sham-destroy-al-qaeda-in-syria?format=amp">"Will Hayet Tahrir al-Sham destroy al-Qaeda in Syria?"</a>. <i>theconflictarchives.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200605032149/http://theconflictarchives.com/news/2020/5/20/will-hayet-tahrir-al-sham-destroy-al-qaeda-in-syria?format=amp">Archived</a> from the original on 2020-06-05<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-06-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=theconflictarchives.com&rft.atitle=Will+Hayet+Tahrir+al-Sham+destroy+al-Qaeda+in+Syria%3F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftheconflictarchives.com%2Fnews%2F2020%2F5%2F20%2Fwill-hayet-tahrir-al-sham-destroy-al-qaeda-in-syria%3Fformat%3Damp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2019/02/analysis-hayat-tahrir-al-sham-and-hurras-al-din-reach-a-new-accord.php">"Analysis: Hay'at Tahrir al-Sham and Hurras al-Din reach a new accord | FDD's Long War Journal"</a>. <i>longwarjournal.org</i>. 16 February 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190708132630/https://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2019/02/analysis-hayat-tahrir-al-sham-and-hurras-al-din-reach-a-new-accord.php">Archived</a> from the original on 8 July 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 December</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=longwarjournal.org&rft.atitle=Analysis%3A+Hay%27at+Tahrir+al-Sham+and+Hurras+al-Din+reach+a+new+accord+%26%23124%3B+FDD%27s+Long+War+Journal&rft.date=2019-02-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.longwarjournal.org%2Farchives%2F2019%2F02%2Fanalysis-hayat-tahrir-al-sham-and-hurras-al-din-reach-a-new-accord.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAl-Tamimi" class="citation news cs1">Al-Tamimi, Aymenn Jawad. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aymennjawad.org/2020/02/a-muhajir-in-al-sham-interview-ii">"Hurras al-Din: Relations with Other Factions and Internal Dynamics (Interview)"</a>. <i>Aymenn Jawad Al-Tamimi</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200226173929/http://www.aymennjawad.org/2020/02/a-muhajir-in-al-sham-interview-ii">Archived</a> from the original on 2020-02-26<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-03-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aymenn+Jawad+Al-Tamimi&rft.atitle=Hurras+al-Din%3A+Relations+with+Other+Factions+and+Internal+Dynamics+%28Interview%29&rft.aulast=Al-Tamimi&rft.aufirst=Aymenn+Jawad&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aymennjawad.org%2F2020%2F02%2Fa-muhajir-in-al-sham-interview-ii&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.terrorism-info.org.il/en/split-among-al-qaedas-supporters-syria-light-severe-differences-opinion-regarding-nature-ties-al-qaeda-leader-ayman-al-zawahiri/">"Split among Al-Qaeda's supporters in Syria, in light of severe differences of opinion regarding the nature of the ties with Al-Qaeda leader Ayman al-Zawahiri"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Intelligence_and_Terrorism_Information_Center" title="Intelligence and Terrorism Information Center">Intelligence and Terrorism Information Center</a></i>. 13 March 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180724092024/https://www.terrorism-info.org.il/en/split-among-al-qaedas-supporters-syria-light-severe-differences-opinion-regarding-nature-ties-al-qaeda-leader-ayman-al-zawahiri/">Archived</a> from the original on 24 July 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 October</span> 2018</span>. <q>at the same time, its establishment weakens the Headquarters for the Liberation of Al-Sham</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Intelligence+and+Terrorism+Information+Center&rft.atitle=Split+among+Al-Qaeda%27s+supporters+in+Syria%2C+in+light+of+severe+differences+of+opinion+regarding+the+nature+of+the+ties+with+Al-Qaeda+leader+Ayman+al-Zawahiri&rft.date=2018-03-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.terrorism-info.org.il%2Fen%2Fsplit-among-al-qaedas-supporters-syria-light-severe-differences-opinion-regarding-nature-ties-al-qaeda-leader-ayman-al-zawahiri%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAlexander_Sehmer2018" class="citation news cs1">Alexander Sehmer (10 August 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://jamestown.org/program/briefs-291/">"Briefs"</a>. <i>Terrorism Monitor</i>. Vol. 16, no. 16. <a href="/wiki/Jamestown_Foundation" title="Jamestown Foundation">Jamestown Foundation</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181104134716/https://jamestown.org/program/briefs-291/">Archived</a> from the original on 4 November 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 November</span> 2018</span>. <q>The emergence of Hurras al-Din offers al-Qaeda its best chance yet to reinvigorate its support in Syria.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Terrorism+Monitor&rft.atitle=Briefs&rft.volume=16&rft.issue=16&rft.date=2018-08-10&rft.au=Alexander+Sehmer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjamestown.org%2Fprogram%2Fbriefs-291%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bottleneck-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bottleneck_75-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://english.enabbaladi.net/archives/2018/05/in-the-bottleneck-changes-that-are-reshaping-the-face-of-idlib/">"In the bottleneck… Changes that are reshaping the face of Idlib"</a>. <i>Enab Baladi</i>. 10 May 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191018112940/https://english.enabbaladi.net/archives/2018/05/in-the-bottleneck-changes-that-are-reshaping-the-face-of-idlib/">Archived</a> from the original on 18 October 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 December</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Enab+Baladi&rft.atitle=In+the+bottleneck%E2%80%A6+Changes+that+are+reshaping+the+face+of+Idlib&rft.date=2018-05-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fenglish.enabbaladi.net%2Farchives%2F2018%2F05%2Fin-the-bottleneck-changes-that-are-reshaping-the-face-of-idlib%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/arabic/middleeast-46786800">"من هو "الجهادي" إياد الطوباسي الذي قتل بظروف غامضة في درعا؟"</a> (in Arabic). BBC Arabic. 7 January 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190317203739/http://www.bbc.com/arabic/middleeast-46786800">Archived</a> from the original on 17 March 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D9%85%D9%86+%D9%87%D9%88+%22%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A%22+%D8%A5%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AF+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B0%D9%8A+%D9%82%D8%AA%D9%84+%D8%A8%D8%B8%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%81+%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B6%D8%A9+%D9%81%D9%8A+%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%9F&rft.pub=BBC+Arabic&rft.date=2019-01-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Farabic%2Fmiddleeast-46786800&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ap22dec-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ap22dec_77-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBassem_Mroue2019" class="citation news cs1">Bassem Mroue (22 December 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.whec.com/national/syrian-troops-push-toward-turkish-observation-post-in-idlib/5587212/">"Syrian troops push toward Turkish observation post in Idlib"</a>. Associated Press. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191231043515/https://www.whec.com/national/syrian-troops-push-toward-turkish-observation-post-in-idlib/5587212/">Archived</a> from the original on 31 December 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 December</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Syrian+troops+push+toward+Turkish+observation+post+in+Idlib&rft.date=2019-12-22&rft.au=Bassem+Mroue&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.whec.com%2Fnational%2Fsyrian-troops-push-toward-turkish-observation-post-in-idlib%2F5587212%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rewardsforjustice.net/english/sami_al_uraydi.html">"Sami al-Uraydi"</a>. <i>Rewards for Justice</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191010221313/https://rewardsforjustice.net/english/sami_al_uraydi.html">Archived</a> from the original on 10 October 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 October</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Rewards+for+Justice&rft.atitle=Sami+al-Uraydi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frewardsforjustice.net%2Fenglish%2Fsami_al_uraydi.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-akhbaralaan-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-akhbaralaan_79-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-akhbaralaan_79-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-akhbaralaan_79-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.akhbaralaan.net/news/2019/12/23/%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ac%d9%88%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%8a-%d8%aa%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%b9%d8%a8-%d8%a8%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%ad%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b3-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%8a%d9%86-%d9%88%d9%85%d9%82%d8%aa%d9%84-%d8%a8%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%84-%d8%ae%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b6%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d9%85%d9%88%d8%ac%d8%b9%d8%a9-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%b8%d9%8a%d9%85">"الجولاني تلاعب بقادة حراس الدين ومقتل بلال خريسات ضربة موجعة للتنظيم"</a>. <i>akhbaralaan.net</i> (in Arabic). 23 December 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200503170750/https://www.akhbaralaan.net/news/2019/12/23/%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ac%d9%88%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%8a-%d8%aa%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%b9%d8%a8-%d8%a8%d9%82%d8%a7%d8%af%d8%a9-%d8%ad%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%b3-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%8a%d9%86-%d9%88%d9%85%d9%82%d8%aa%d9%84-%d8%a8%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%84-%d8%ae%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%b3%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%b6%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d9%85%d9%88%d8%ac%d8%b9%d8%a9-%d9%84%d9%84%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%b8%d9%8a%d9%85">Archived</a> from the original on 3 May 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=akhbaralaan.net&rft.atitle=%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A+%D8%AA%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%A8+%D8%A8%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A9+%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86+%D9%88%D9%85%D9%82%D8%AA%D9%84+%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%84+%D8%AE%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AA+%D8%B6%D8%B1%D8%A8%D8%A9+%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AC%D8%B9%D8%A9+%D9%84%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%8A%D9%85&rft.date=2019-12-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.akhbaralaan.net%2Fnews%2F2019%2F12%2F23%2F%25d8%25a7%25d9%2584%25d8%25ac%25d9%2588%25d9%2584%25d8%25a7%25d9%2586%25d9%258a-%25d8%25aa%25d9%2584%25d8%25a7%25d8%25b9%25d8%25a8-%25d8%25a8%25d9%2582%25d8%25a7%25d8%25af%25d8%25a9-%25d8%25ad%25d8%25b1%25d8%25a7%25d8%25b3-%25d8%25a7%25d9%2584%25d8%25af%25d9%258a%25d9%2586-%25d9%2588%25d9%2585%25d9%2582%25d8%25aa%25d9%2584-%25d8%25a8%25d9%2584%25d8%25a7%25d9%2584-%25d8%25ae%25d8%25b1%25d9%258a%25d8%25b3%25d8%25a7%25d8%25aa-%25d8%25b6%25d8%25b1%25d8%25a8%25d8%25a9-%25d9%2585%25d9%2588%25d8%25ac%25d8%25b9%25d8%25a9-%25d9%2584%25d9%2584%25d8%25aa%25d9%2586%25d8%25b8%25d9%258a%25d9%2585&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRita_Katz2018" class="citation web cs1">Rita Katz (28 March 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.siteintelgroup.com/blog/index.php/categories/jihad/entry/434-has-al-qaeda-replanted-its-flag-in-syria-1">"Has al-Qaeda Replanted its Flag in Syria?"</a>. InSite Blog on Terrorism and Extremism. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180404073504/http://news.siteintelgroup.com/blog/index.php/categories/jihad/entry/434-has-al-qaeda-replanted-its-flag-in-syria-1">Archived</a> from the original on 4 April 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 June</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Has+al-Qaeda+Replanted+its+Flag+in+Syria%3F&rft.pub=InSite+Blog+on+Terrorism+and+Extremism&rft.date=2018-03-28&rft.au=Rita+Katz&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.siteintelgroup.com%2Fblog%2Findex.php%2Fcategories%2Fjihad%2Fentry%2F434-has-al-qaeda-replanted-its-flag-in-syria-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rewardsforjustice.net/english/abu_al_masri.html">"Abu 'Abd al-Karim al-Masri"</a>. <i>Rewards for Justice</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191010221303/https://rewardsforjustice.net/english/abu_al_masri.html">Archived</a> from the original on 10 October 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 October</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Rewards+for+Justice&rft.atitle=Abu+%27Abd+al-Karim+al-Masri&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frewardsforjustice.net%2Fenglish%2Fabu_al_masri.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rewardsforjustice.net/english/faruq_al_suri.html">"Faruq al-Suri"</a>. <i>Rewards for Justice</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191010223709/https://rewardsforjustice.net/english/faruq_al_suri.html">Archived</a> from the original on 10 October 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 October</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Rewards+for+Justice&rft.atitle=Faruq+al-Suri&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frewardsforjustice.net%2Fenglish%2Ffaruq_al_suri.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vdc-nsy.com/archives/36917">"The "International Alliance" kills a militant leader linked to "Al Qaeda" in northwestern Syria"</a>. <i>Violations Documentation Center in Northern Syria</i>. 24 June 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200628032415/https://vdc-nsy.com/archives/36917">Archived</a> from the original on 28 June 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Violations+Documentation+Center+in+Northern+Syria&rft.atitle=The+%22International+Alliance%22+kills+a+militant+leader+linked+to+%22Al+Qaeda%22+in+northwestern+Syria&rft.date=2020-06-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvdc-nsy.com%2Farchives%2F36917&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hawarnews-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-hawarnews_84-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hawarnews_84-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hawarnews.com/en/haber/us-military-kills-two-senior-leaders-of-al-qaeda-in-idlib-h19952.html">"US military kills two senior leaders of Al Qaeda in Idlib"</a>. <i>Hawar News</i>. 16 October 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201017160927/https://hawarnews.com/en/haber/us-military-kills-two-senior-leaders-of-al-qaeda-in-idlib-h19952.html">Archived</a> from the original on 17 October 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Hawar+News&rft.atitle=US+military+kills+two+senior+leaders+of+Al+Qaeda+in+Idlib&rft.date=2020-10-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhawarnews.com%2Fen%2Fhaber%2Fus-military-kills-two-senior-leaders-of-al-qaeda-in-idlib-h19952.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbsnews.com/news/us-drone-strike-al-qaeda-linked-commander-abu-hamzah-al-yemeni-syria-motorcycle/">"U.S. drone strike kills al Qaeda-linked commander in Syria. He was riding a motorcycle"</a>. <i>cbsnews.com</i>. 28 June 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230613190828/https://www.cbsnews.com/news/us-drone-strike-al-qaeda-linked-commander-abu-hamzah-al-yemeni-syria-motorcycle/">Archived</a> from the original on 2023-06-13<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-06-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=cbsnews.com&rft.atitle=U.S.+drone+strike+kills+al+Qaeda-linked+commander+in+Syria.+He+was+riding+a+motorcycle&rft.date=2022-06-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fnews%2Fus-drone-strike-al-qaeda-linked-commander-abu-hamzah-al-yemeni-syria-motorcycle%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://theatlasnews.co/conflict/2023/02/24/senior-hurras-al-din-leader-reportedly-killed-by-u-s-airstrike/">"Senior Hurras al-Din Leader Reportedly Killed by U.S. Airstrike"</a>. <i>Atlas News</i>. 2023-02-24. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230401053607/https://theatlasnews.co/conflict/2023/02/24/senior-hurras-al-din-leader-reportedly-killed-by-u-s-airstrike/">Archived</a> from the original on 2023-04-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-02-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Atlas+News&rft.atitle=Senior+Hurras+al-Din+Leader+Reportedly+Killed+by+U.S.+Airstrike&rft.date=2023-02-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftheatlasnews.co%2Fconflict%2F2023%2F02%2F24%2Fsenior-hurras-al-din-leader-reportedly-killed-by-u-s-airstrike%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/article/syria-drone-strike-militant-idlib-73f715bc10ba0135eaba5eca795609f4">"US military says drone strike in Syria kills a Saudi militant from an al-Qaida-linked group"</a>. <i>Associated Press News</i>. 24 August 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Associated+Press+News&rft.atitle=US+military+says+drone+strike+in+Syria+kills+a+Saudi+militant+from+an+al-Qaida-linked+group&rft.date=2024-08-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapnews.com%2Farticle%2Fsyria-drone-strike-militant-idlib-73f715bc10ba0135eaba5eca795609f4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2024/9/29/us-says-it-killed-37-isil-hurras-al-din-fighters-in-separate-syria-attacks">"US says it killed 37 ISIL, Hurras al-Din fighters in separate Syria attacks"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Al-jazeera" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-jazeera">Al-jazeera</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-09-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Al-jazeera&rft.atitle=US+says+it+killed+37+ISIL%2C+Hurras+al-Din+fighters+in+separate+Syria+attacks&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aljazeera.com%2Fnews%2F2024%2F9%2F29%2Fus-says-it-killed-37-isil-hurras-al-din-fighters-in-separate-syria-attacks&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHurras+al-Din" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hurras_al-Din&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://x.com/horas_alden">Hurras al-Din</a> on <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Arabic)</span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Syrian_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Syrian_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Template talk:Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Syrian_Civil_War" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Syrian Civil War"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Syrian_civil_war" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Syrian_civil_war" title="Syrian civil war">Syrian civil war</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;"><div id="Overviews" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Overviews</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;">Main overviews</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rojava" class="mw-redirect" title="Rojava">Rojava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_civil_war" title="Syrian civil war">Syrian civil war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war">Timeline </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Background_and_causes_of_the_Syrian_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Background and causes of the Syrian Civil War">Background and causes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_peace_process" title="Syrian peace process">Syrian peace process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_government_reactions_to_the_Syrian_civil_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Syrian government reactions to the Syrian civil war">Syrian government reactions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belligerents_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Belligerents in the Syrian civil war">Belligerents </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inter-rebel_conflict_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Inter-rebel conflict during the Syrian civil war">Inter-rebel conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spillover_of_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Spillover of the Syrian civil war">Spillover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Control_of_cities_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Control of cities during the Syrian civil war">Cities and towns </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sectarianism_and_minorities_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Sectarianism and minorities in the Syrian civil war">Sectarianism and minorities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Desert_campaign_(December_2017%E2%80%93present)" title="Syrian Desert campaign (December 2017–present)">Syrian Desert campaign (December 2017–present)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;">Effects and ongoing concerns</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Casualties_of_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Casualties of the Syrian civil war">Casualties of the Syrian civil war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refugees_of_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Refugees of the Syrian civil war">Refugees of the Syrian civil war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humanitarian_aid_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Humanitarian aid during the Syrian civil war">Humanitarian aid during the Syrian civil war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_violations_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Human rights violations during the Syrian civil war">Human rights violations during the Syrian civil war</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;">Phases and processes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_revolution" title="Syrian revolution">Syrian revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_insurgency_phase_of_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Early insurgency phase of the Syrian civil war">Early insurgency phase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012%E2%80%932013_escalation_of_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="2012–2013 escalation of the Syrian civil war">2012–2013 escalation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_civil_war_ceasefires" title="Syrian civil war ceasefires">Ceasefires</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_peace_process" title="Syrian peace process">Syrian peace process</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;">World reaction</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_reactions_to_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="International reactions to the Syrian civil war">International reactions to the Syrian civil war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_involvement_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Foreign involvement in the Syrian civil war">Foreign involvement in the Syrian civil war</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;">Specific groups and countries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_involvement_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Russian involvement in the Syrian civil war">Russian involvement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_intervention_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Russian intervention in the Syrian civil war">Russian intervention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_involvement_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Turkish involvement in the Syrian civil war">Turkish involvement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_occupation_of_northern_Syria" title="Turkish occupation of northern Syria">Turkish occupation of northern Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Northern_Syria_Buffer_Zone" title="Second Northern Syria Buffer Zone">Second Northern Syria Buffer Zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idlib_demilitarization_(2018%E2%80%932019)" title="Idlib demilitarization (2018–2019)">Russian-Turkish agreement on Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/US_intervention_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="US intervention in the Syrian civil war">US intervention in the Syrian civil war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_attacks_on_U.S._bases_in_Iraq_and_Syria" class="mw-redirect" title="2023 attacks on U.S. bases in Iraq and Syria">2023 attacks on U.S. bases in Iraq and Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_Area_in_Syria" class="mw-redirect" title="Kurdish Area in Syria">Kurdish Area in Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Democratic_Forces" title="Syrian Democratic Forces">Syrian Democratic Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rojava_conflict" title="Rojava conflict">Rojava conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combined_Joint_Task_Force_%E2%80%93_Operation_Inherent_Resolve" title="Combined Joint Task Force – Operation Inherent Resolve">U.S. task force</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;">Agreements and dialogues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian-Turkish_agreement_on_Syria" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian-Turkish agreement on Syria">Russian-Turkish agreement on Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AANES%E2%80%93Syria_relations" title="AANES–Syria relations">Relations between Syrian government and Kurdish groups in Syria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;"><div id="Timeline" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war">Timeline</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Background_and_causes_of_the_Syrian_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Background and causes of the Syrian Civil War"><b>Background</b></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1963_Syrian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1963 Syrian coup d'état">1963 coup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1966_Syrian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1966 Syrian coup d'état">1966 coup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corrective_Movement_(Syria)" title="Corrective Movement (Syria)">Corrective Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamist_uprising_in_Syria" title="Islamist uprising in Syria">Islamist uprising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_Latakia_protests" title="1999 Latakia protests">Latakia protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damascus_Spring" title="Damascus Spring">Damascus Spring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_Qamishli_riots" title="2004 Qamishli riots">Qamishli riots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_occupation_of_Lebanon" title="Syrian occupation of Lebanon">Syrian occupation of Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damascus_Declaration" title="Damascus Declaration">Damascus Declaration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Syria" title="Human rights in Syria">Human rights in Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010s_in_Syria_political_history" title="2010s in Syria political history">2010s in Syria political history</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;"><span style="font-size:110%;"><b>2011</b></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(January%E2%80%93April_2011)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (January–April 2011)">Jan–Apr</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(May%E2%80%93August_2011)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (May–August 2011)">May–Aug</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(September%E2%80%93December_2011)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (September–December 2011)">Sep–Dec</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Civil_uprising_phase_of_the_Syrian_civil_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Civil uprising phase of the Syrian civil war">Syrian Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Hamza_Ali_Al-Khateeb" title="Death of Hamza Ali Al-Khateeb">Death of Hamza Ali Al-Khateeb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Daraa" title="Siege of Daraa">Siege of Daraa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Baniyas" title="Siege of Baniyas">Siege of Baniyas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Talkalakh_(May_2011)" title="Siege of Talkalakh (May 2011)">May Talkalakh siege</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Rastan_and_Talbiseh" title="Siege of Rastan and Talbiseh">Siege of Rastan and Talbiseh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_2011_Jisr_ash-Shughur_clashes" title="June 2011 Jisr ash-Shughur clashes">June Jisr ash-Shughur operation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Hama_(2011)" title="Siege of Hama (2011)">Siege of Hama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Homs" title="Siege of Homs">Siege of Homs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Summer_2011_Jabal_al-Zawiya_operation" title="Summer 2011 Jabal al-Zawiya operation">Jabal al-Zawiya operation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Latakia" title="Siege of Latakia">Siege of Latakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deir_ez-Zor_clashes_(2011%E2%80%932014)" title="Deir ez-Zor clashes (2011–2014)">Deir ez-Zor clashes (2011–2014)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rif_Dimashq_clashes_(November_2011%E2%80%93March_2012)" title="Rif Dimashq clashes (November 2011–March 2012)">Rif Dimashq clashes (Nov 2011-Mar 2012)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Zabadani_(2012)" title="Battle of Zabadani (2012)">Battle of Zabadani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Douma" title="Battle of Douma">Battle of Douma</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daraa_Governorate_clashes_(2011%E2%80%932013)" title="Daraa Governorate clashes (2011–2013)">Daraa Governorate clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rastan_(2011)" title="Battle of Rastan (2011)">Battle of Rastan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shayrat_and_Tiyas_airbase_ambush" title="Shayrat and Tiyas airbase ambush">Shayrat and Tiyas airbase ambush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idlib_Governorate_clashes_(September_2011_%E2%80%93_March_2012)" title="Idlib Governorate clashes (September 2011 – March 2012)">Idlib Governorate clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_2011_Jabal_al-Zawiya_massacres" title="December 2011 Jabal al-Zawiya massacres">December Jabal al-Zawiya massacres</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;"><span style="font-size:110%;"><b>2012</b></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(January%E2%80%93April_2012)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (January–April 2012)">Jan–Apr</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(May%E2%80%93August_2012)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (May–August 2012)">May–Aug</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(September%E2%80%93December_2012)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (September–December 2012)">Sep–Dec</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_2012_al-Midan_bombing" title="January 2012 al-Midan bombing">January al-Midan bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rastan_(January%E2%80%93February_2012)" title="Battle of Rastan (January–February 2012)">Battle of Rastan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Idlib_(2012)" title="Battle of Idlib (2012)">First Battle of Idlib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Qusayr_(2012)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of al-Qusayr (2012)">Battle of al-Qusayr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_2012_Idlib_Governorate_Operation" title="April 2012 Idlib Governorate Operation">Idlib Governorate operation (Apr)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Taftanaz" title="Battle of Taftanaz">Battle of Taftanaz</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rastan_(May_2012)" title="Battle of Rastan (May 2012)">May Battle of Rastan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houla_massacre" title="Houla massacre">Houla massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Haffah" title="Battle of al-Haffah">Battle of al-Haffah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Qubeir_massacre" title="Al-Qubeir massacre">Al-Qubeir massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tremseh" title="Battle of Tremseh">Battle of Tremseh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Damascus_(2012)" title="Battle of Damascus (2012)">Battle of Damascus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/18_July_2012_Damascus_bombing" title="18 July 2012 Damascus bombing">18 July 2012 Damascus bombing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Aleppo_(2012%E2%80%932016)" title="Battle of Aleppo (2012–2016)">Battle of Aleppo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Anadan" title="Battle of Anadan">Battle of Anadan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Base_46" title="Siege of Base 46">Siege of Base 46</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Hasakah_Governorate_campaign_(2012%E2%80%932013)" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Hasakah Governorate campaign (2012–2013)">Al-Hasakah Governorate campaign (2012–2013)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rif_Dimashq_offensive_(August%E2%80%93October_2012)" title="Rif Dimashq offensive (August–October 2012)">Rif Dimashq offensive (Aug-Oct)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Darayya_massacre" title="Darayya massacre">Darayya massacre</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Khirbet_Al-Joz" title="Battle of Khirbet Al-Joz">Battle of Khirbet Al-Joz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Maarrat_al-Numan_(2012)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Maarrat al-Numan (2012)">Battle of Maarrat al-Numan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Wadi_Deif_(2012%E2%80%932013)" title="Siege of Wadi Deif (2012–2013)">First siege of Wadi Deif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Harem" title="Battle of Harem">Battle of Harem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rif_Dimashq_offensive_(November_2012%E2%80%93February_2013)" title="Rif Dimashq offensive (November 2012–February 2013)">Rif Dimashq offensive (Nov 2012–Feb 2013)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Darayya_(November_2012%E2%80%93February_2013)" title="Battle of Darayya (November 2012–February 2013)">Battle of Darayya</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aqrab_massacre" title="Aqrab massacre">Aqrab massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Hama_offensive" title="2012 Hama offensive">Hama offensive</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Halfaya_massacre" class="mw-redirect" title="Halfaya massacre">Halfaya massacre</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Darayya_(November_2012%E2%80%93February_2013)" title="Battle of Darayya (November 2012–February 2013)">Battle of Darayya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quneitra_Governorate_clashes_(2012%E2%80%932014)" title="Quneitra Governorate clashes (2012–2014)">Quneitra Governorate clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talbiseh_bakery_massacre" title="Talbiseh bakery massacre">Talbiseh bakery massacre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;"><span style="font-size:110%;"><b>2013</b></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(January%E2%80%93April_2013)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (January–April 2013)">Jan–Apr</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(May%E2%80%93December_2013)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (May–December 2013)">May–Dec</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Safira" title="Battle of Safira">Battle of Safira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Shaddadi_(2013)" title="Battle of Shaddadi (2013)">Battle of Shadadeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damascus_offensive_(2013)" title="Damascus offensive (2013)">Damascus offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raqqa_campaign_(2012%E2%80%932013)" title="Raqqa campaign (2012–2013)">Raqqa campaign (2012–2013)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Raqqa_(2013)" title="Battle of Raqqa (2013)">Battle of Raqqa (Mar)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Daraa_offensive" title="2013 Daraa offensive">Daraa offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rif_Dimashq_offensive_(March%E2%80%93August_2013)" title="Rif Dimashq offensive (March–August 2013)">Rif Dimashq offensive (Mar–Aug)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Jdaidet_al-Fadl" title="Battle of Jdaidet al-Fadl">Battle of Jdaidet al-Fadl</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghouta_chemical_attack" title="Ghouta chemical attack">Ghouta chemical attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Qusayr_offensive" title="Al-Qusayr offensive">Al-Qusayr offensive</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Qusayr_(2013)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of al-Qusayr (2013)">Battle of al-Qusayr</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayda_and_Baniyas_massacres" title="Bayda and Baniyas massacres">Bayda and Baniyas massacres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Hama_offensive" title="2013 Hama offensive">Hama offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatla_massacre" title="Hatla massacre">Hatla massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khan_al-Assal_chemical_attack" title="Khan al-Assal chemical attack">Khan al-Assal chemical attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khan_al-Assal_massacre" title="Khan al-Assal massacre">Khan al-Assal massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adra_massacre" title="Adra massacre">Adra massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ras_al-Ayn_(2012%E2%80%9313)" title="Battle of Ras al-Ayn (2012–13)">Battle of Ras al-Ayn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tell_Abyad_(2013)" title="Battle of Tell Abyad (2013)">Battle of Tell Abyad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rif_Dimashq_offensive_(September%E2%80%93November_2013)" title="Rif Dimashq offensive (September–November 2013)">Rif Dimashq offensive (Sep–Nov)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleppo_offensive_(October%E2%80%93December_2013)" title="Aleppo offensive (October–December 2013)">Aleppo offensive (Oct–Dec)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Yaarubiyah" title="Battle of al-Yaarubiyah">Battle of al-Yaarubiyah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tell_Hamis_and_Tell_Brak_(December_2013%E2%80%93January_2014)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Tell Hamis and Tell Brak (December 2013–January 2014)">Battle of Tell Hamis and Tell Brak (Dec–Jan)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;"><span style="font-size:110%;"><b>2014</b></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(January%E2%80%93July_2014)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (January–July 2014)">Jan–Jul</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(August%E2%80%93December_2014)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (August–December 2014)">Aug–Dec</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inter-rebel_conflict_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Inter-rebel conflict during the Syrian civil war">First Inter-rebel conflict</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Markada" title="Battle of Markada">Battle of Markada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deir_ez-Zor_offensive_(April%E2%80%93July_2014)" title="Deir ez-Zor offensive (April–July 2014)">Deir ez-Zor offensive</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Morek" title="Battle of Morek">Battle of Morek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daraa_offensive_(February%E2%80%93May_2014)" title="Daraa offensive (February–May 2014)">Daraa offensive (Feb–May)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maan_massacre" title="Maan massacre">Maan massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Otaiba_ambush" title="Al-Otaiba ambush">Al-Otaiba ambush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Idlib_offensive" title="2014 Idlib offensive">Idlib offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hosn" title="Battle of Hosn">Battle of Hosn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Latakia_offensive" title="2014 Latakia offensive">Latakia Offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Al-Malihah" title="Battle of Al-Malihah">Battle of Al-Malihah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Kafr_Zita_chemical_attack" title="2014 Kafr Zita chemical attack">Kafr Zita chemical attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Wadi_Deif_(2014)" title="Siege of Wadi Deif (2014)">Second siege of Wadi Deif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qalamoun_offensive_(2014)" title="Qalamoun offensive (2014)">Qalamoun offensive (Jun–Aug)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Arsal_(2014)" title="Battle of Arsal (2014)">Battle of Arsal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Shaer_gas_field_(July_2014)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of the Shaer gas field (July 2014)">First Battle of the Shaer gas field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Eastern_Syria_offensive" title="2014 Eastern Syria offensive">Eastern Syria offensive</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tabqa_Airbase" title="Battle of Tabqa Airbase">Battle of Tabqa Airbase</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Aleppo_offensive_(February%E2%80%93July_2014)" title="Northern Aleppo offensive (February–July 2014)">Northern Aleppo offensive (Feb–Jul)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Hama_offensive" title="2014 Hama offensive">Hama Offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Quneitra_offensive" title="2014 Quneitra offensive">Quneitra offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rif_Dimashq_offensive_(August%E2%80%93November_2014)" title="Rif Dimashq offensive (August–November 2014)">Rif Dimashq offensive (Aug–Nov)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Koban%C3%AE" title="Siege of Kobanî">Siege of Kobanî</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homs_school_bombing" title="Homs school bombing">Homs school bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daraa_offensive_(October_2014)" title="Daraa offensive (October 2014)">Daraa offensive (Oct)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Al-Safira_offensive" title="2014 Al-Safira offensive">Al-Safira offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_raid_on_Idlib_city" title="2014 raid on Idlib city">Idlib Raid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Nusra_Front%E2%80%93SRF/Hazzm_Movement_conflict" title="Al-Nusra Front–SRF/Hazzm Movement conflict">Second Inter-Rebel Conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Shaer_gas_field_(October%E2%80%93November_2014)" title="Battle of the Shaer gas field (October–November 2014)">Second Battle of the Shaer gas field</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Al-Shaykh_Maskin_(2014)" title="Battle of Al-Shaykh Maskin (2014)">Battle of Al-Shaykh Maskin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deir_ez-Zor_offensive_(December_2014)" title="Deir ez-Zor offensive (December 2014)">Deir ez-Zor offensive (Dec)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;"><span style="font-size:110%;"><b>2015</b></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(January%E2%80%93July_2015)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (January–July 2015)">Jan–Jul</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(August%E2%80%93December_2015)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (August–December 2015)">Aug–Dec</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2015_Syrian_Air_Force_An-26_crash" title="2015 Syrian Air Force An-26 crash">Air Force An-26 crash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daraa_offensive_(January_2015)" title="Daraa offensive (January 2015)">Daraa Offensive (Jan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Southern_Syria_offensive" title="2015 Southern Syria offensive">Southern Syria Offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_al-Hasakah_offensive" title="Eastern al-Hasakah offensive">Eastern al-Hasakah offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sarrin_(March%E2%80%93April_2015)" title="Battle of Sarrin (March–April 2015)">Battle of Sarrin (Mar–Apr)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sarrin_(June%E2%80%93July_2015)" title="Battle of Sarrin (June–July 2015)">Battle of Sarrin (Jun–Jul)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bosra_(2015)" title="Battle of Bosra (2015)">Battle of Bosra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Idlib_offensive" title="2015 Idlib offensive">Idlib Offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Idlib_(2015)" title="Battle of Idlib (2015)">Second Battle of Idlib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Nasib_Border_Crossing" title="Battle of Nasib Border Crossing">Battle of Nasib Border Crossing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Yarmouk_Camp_(2015)" title="Battle of Yarmouk Camp (2015)">Battle of Yarmouk Camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_al-Hasakah_offensive" title="Western al-Hasakah offensive">Western al-Hasakah offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmyra_offensive_(May_2015)" title="Palmyra offensive (May 2015)">Palmyra offensive (May)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Qamishli_bombings" title="2015 Qamishli bombings">Qamishli bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tell_Abyad_offensive" title="Tell Abyad offensive">Tell Abyad offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koban%C3%AE_massacre" title="Kobanî massacre">Kobanî massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quneitra_offensive_(June_2015)" title="Quneitra offensive (June 2015)">Quneitra offensive (Jun)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmyra_offensive_(July%E2%80%93August_2015)" title="Palmyra offensive (July–August 2015)">Palmyra offensive (Jul–Aug)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rif_Dimashq_offensive_(September_2015)" title="Rif Dimashq offensive (September 2015)">Rif Dimashq offensive (Sep)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Syria_offensive_(October%E2%80%93November_2015)" title="Northwestern Syria offensive (October–November 2015)">Northwestern Syria offensive (Oct–Nov)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleppo_offensive_(October%E2%80%93December_2015)" title="Aleppo offensive (October–December 2015)">Aleppo offensive (Oct–Dec)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_al-Hawl_offensive" title="2015 al-Hawl offensive">Al-Hawl offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homs_offensive_(November%E2%80%93December_2015)" title="Homs offensive (November–December 2015)">Homs offensive (Nov-Dec)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Aleppo_offensive_(2015%E2%80%932016)" title="East Aleppo offensive (2015–2016)">East Aleppo offensive (2015–2016)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015%E2%80%932016_Latakia_offensive" title="2015–2016 Latakia offensive">2015–2016 Latakia offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tishrin_Dam_offensive" title="Tishrin Dam offensive">Tishrin Dam offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Russian_Sukhoi_Su-24_shootdown" title="2015 Russian Sukhoi Su-24 shootdown">Russian Sukhoi Su-24 shootdown</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;"><span style="font-size:110%;"><b>2016</b></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(January%E2%80%93April_2016)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (January–April 2016)">Jan–Apr</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(May%E2%80%93August_2016)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (May–August 2016)">May–Aug</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(September%E2%80%93December_2016)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (September–December 2016)">Sep–Dec</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Al-Shaykh_Maskin_(2015%E2%80%932016)" title="Battle of Al-Shaykh Maskin (2015–2016)">Second Battle of Al-Shaykh Maskin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deir_ez-Zor_offensive_(2016)" title="Deir ez-Zor offensive (2016)">Deir ez-Zor offensive (Jan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Sayyidah_Zaynab_attacks#January" title="2016 Sayyidah Zaynab attacks">January Sayyidah Zaynab bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Aleppo_offensive_(February_2016)" title="Northern Aleppo offensive (February 2016)">Northern Aleppo offensive (Feb)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ithriyah-Raqqa_offensive_(February%E2%80%93March_2016)" title="Ithriyah-Raqqa offensive (February–March 2016)">Ithriyah-Raqqa offensive (Feb–Mar)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Shaddadi_offensive_(2016)" title="Al-Shaddadi offensive (2016)">Al-Shaddadi offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_2016_Homs_bombings" title="February 2016 Homs bombings">February Homs bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Sayyidah_Zaynab_attacks#February" title="2016 Sayyidah Zaynab attacks">February Sayyidah Zaynab bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Khanasir_offensive" title="2016 Khanasir offensive">Khanasir offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tell_Abyad_(2016)" title="Battle of Tell Abyad (2016)">Battle of Tel Abyad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Maarrat_al-Numan_(2016)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Maarrat al-Numan (2016)">Battle of Maarrat al-Numan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Qamishli_(2016)" title="Battle of Qamishli (2016)">Battle of Qamishli (Apr)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Aleppo_offensive_(March%E2%80%93June_2016)" title="Northern Aleppo offensive (March–June 2016)">Northern Aleppo offensive (Mar–Jun)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmyra_offensive_(March_2016)" title="Palmyra offensive (March 2016)">Palmyra offensive (Mar)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Ghouta_inter-rebel_conflict_(April%E2%80%93May_2016)" title="East Ghouta inter-rebel conflict (April–May 2016)">East Ghouta inter-rebel conflict (Apr–May)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rif_Dimashq_offensive_(April%E2%80%93May_2016)" title="Rif Dimashq offensive (April–May 2016)">Rif Dimashq offensive (Apr–May)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Raqqa_offensive" title="Northern Raqqa offensive">Northern Raqqa offensive (May)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_2016_Jableh_and_Tartous_bombings" class="mw-redirect" title="May 2016 Jableh and Tartous bombings">May Jableh & Tartous bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ithriyah-Raqqa_offensive_(June_2016)" title="Ithriyah-Raqqa offensive (June 2016)">Ithriyah-Raqqa offensive (Jun)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rif_Dimashq_offensive_(June%E2%80%93October_2016)" title="Rif Dimashq offensive (June–October 2016)">Rif Dimashq offensive (Jun–Oct)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manbij_offensive" title="Manbij offensive">Manbij offensive</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tokhar_massacre" class="mw-redirect" title="Tokhar massacre">Tokhar massacre</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Southern_Aleppo_campaign" title="2016 Southern Aleppo campaign">Southern Aleppo campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Rai_(August_2016)" title="Battle of al-Rai (August 2016)">Battle of al-Rai (Aug)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Euphrates_Shield" title="Operation Euphrates Shield">Operation Euphrates Shield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Aleppo_summer_campaign" title="2016 Aleppo summer campaign">Aleppo summer campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_al-Bab_offensive_(September_2016)" title="Western al-Bab offensive (September 2016)">Western al-Bab offensive (Sep)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5_September_2016_Syria_bombings" title="5 September 2016 Syria bombings">5 September bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_2016_Deir_ez-Zor_air_raid" title="September 2016 Deir ez-Zor air raid">September Deir ez-Zor air raid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_2016_Urum_al-Kubra_aid_convoy_attack" title="September 2016 Urum al-Kubra aid convoy attack">September Urum al-Kubra aid convoy attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleppo_offensive_(September%E2%80%93October_2016)" title="Aleppo offensive (September–October 2016)">Aleppo offensive (Sep–Oct)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Dabiq_offensive" title="2016 Dabiq offensive">Dabiq offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_al-Bab_offensive_(October%E2%80%93November_2016)" title="Western al-Bab offensive (October–November 2016)">Western al-Bab offensive (Oct–Nov)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khan_al-Shih_offensive_(October%E2%80%93November_2016)" title="Khan al-Shih offensive (October–November 2016)">Khan al-Shih offensive (Oct–Nov)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raqqa_campaign_(2016%E2%80%932017)" title="Raqqa campaign (2016–2017)">Raqqa campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Bab" title="Battle of al-Bab">Battle of al-Bab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleppo_offensive_(November%E2%80%93December_2016)" title="Aleppo offensive (November–December 2016)">Aleppo offensive (Nov-Dec)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmyra_offensive_(December_2016)" title="Palmyra offensive (December 2016)">Palmyra offensive (Dec)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;"><span style="font-size:110%;"><b>2017</b></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(January%E2%80%93April_2017)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (January–April 2017)">Jan–Apr</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(May%E2%80%93August_2017)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (May–August 2017)">May–Aug</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(September%E2%80%93December_2017)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (September–December 2017)">Sep–Dec</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wadi_Barada_offensive_(2016%E2%80%932017)" title="Wadi Barada offensive (2016–2017)">Wadi Barada offensive (2016–2017)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_2017_Azaz_bombing" title="January 2017 Azaz bombing">January Azaz bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Desert_campaign_(December_2016%E2%80%93April_2017)" title="Syrian Desert campaign (December 2016–April 2017)">Desert campaign (Dec 16–Apr 17)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idlib_Governorate_clashes_(January%E2%80%93March_2017)" title="Idlib Governorate clashes (January–March 2017)">Idlib clashes (Jan–Mar)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deir_ez-Zor_offensive_(January%E2%80%93February_2017)" title="Deir ez-Zor offensive (January–February 2017)">Deir ez-Zor offensive (Jan–Feb)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daraa_offensive_(February%E2%80%93June_2017)" title="Daraa offensive (February–June 2017)">Daraa offensive (Feb–Jun)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwestern_Daraa_offensive_(February_2017)" title="Southwestern Daraa offensive (February 2017)">Southwestern Daraa offensive (Feb)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qaboun_offensive_(2017)" title="Qaboun offensive (2017)">Qaboun offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmyra_offensive_(2017)" title="Palmyra offensive (2017)">Palmyra offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Aleppo_offensive_(2017)" title="East Aleppo offensive (2017)">East Aleppo offensive (Jan–Apr)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_2017_Damascus_bombings" title="March 2017 Damascus bombings">March Damascus bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_al-Jinah_airstrike" title="2017 al-Jinah airstrike">Al-Jinah airstrike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hama_offensive_(March%E2%80%93April_2017)" title="Hama offensive (March–April 2017)">Hama offensive (Mar–Apr)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tabqa" title="Battle of Tabqa">Battle of Tabqa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khan_Shaykhun_chemical_attack" title="Khan Shaykhun chemical attack">Khan Shaykhun chemical attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Shayrat_missile_strike" title="2017 Shayrat missile strike">Shayrat missile strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Aleppo_suicide_car_bombing" title="2017 Aleppo suicide car bombing">Aleppo bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_2017_Turkish_airstrikes_in_Syria_and_Iraq" title="April 2017 Turkish airstrikes in Syria and Iraq">April Turkish airstrikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Ghouta_inter-rebel_conflict_(April%E2%80%93May_2017)" title="East Ghouta inter-rebel conflict (April–May 2017)">East Ghouta inter-rebel conflict (Apr–May)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Desert_campaign_(May%E2%80%93July_2017)" title="Syrian Desert campaign (May–July 2017)">Desert campaign (May–Jul)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maskanah_Plains_offensive" title="Maskanah Plains offensive">Maskanah Plains offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Hama_offensive_(2017)" title="East Hama offensive (2017)">East Hama offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Raqqa_(2017)" title="Battle of Raqqa (2017)">Battle of Raqqa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daraa_offensive_(June_2017)" title="Daraa offensive (June 2017)">Daraa offensive (Jun)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Southern_Raqqa_offensive" title="2017 Southern Raqqa offensive">Southern Raqqa offensive (Jun)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Jobar_offensive" title="2017 Jobar offensive">Jobar offensive (Jun–Aug)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quneitra_offensive_(June_2017)" title="Quneitra offensive (June 2017)">Quneitra offensive (Jun)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idlib_Governorate_clashes_(July_2017)" title="Idlib Governorate clashes (July 2017)">Idlib clashes (Jul)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Syria_campaign" title="Central Syria campaign">Central campaign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qalamoun_offensive_(2017)" title="Qalamoun offensive (2017)">Qalamoun (Jul–Aug)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deir_ez-Zor_campaign_(2017%E2%80%932019)" title="Deir ez-Zor campaign (2017–2019)">Deir ez-Zor offensive (Sep 17–Mar 18)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hama_offensive_(September_2017)" title="Hama offensive (September 2017)">Hama offensive (Sep)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Syria_campaign_(October_2017%E2%80%93February_2018)" title="Northwestern Syria campaign (October 2017–February 2018)">Northwestern campaign (Oct 17–Feb 18)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_military_operation_in_Idlib_Governorate" title="Turkish military operation in Idlib Governorate">Turkish military operation in Idlib Governorate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Harasta_(2017%E2%80%932018)" title="Battle of Harasta (2017–2018)">Battle of Harasta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Syria_campaign_(September%E2%80%93December_2017)" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Syria campaign (September–December 2017)">Eastern campaign (Sep–Dec)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2017_Euphrates_Crossing_offensive" class="mw-redirect" title="2017 Euphrates Crossing offensive">Euphrates Crossing offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Mayadin_offensive" title="2017 Mayadin offensive">Mayadin offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deir_ez-Zor_offensive_(September%E2%80%93November_2017)" title="Deir ez-Zor offensive (September–November 2017)">Battle of Deir ez-Zor (Sep–Nov)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Abu_Kamal_offensive" title="2017 Abu Kamal offensive">Abu Kamal offensive</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beit_Jinn_offensive" title="Beit Jinn offensive">Beit Jinn offensive</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;"><span style="font-size:110%;"><b>2018</b></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(January%E2%80%93April_2018)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (January–April 2018)">Jan–Apr</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(May%E2%80%93August_2018)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (May–August 2018)">May–Aug</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(September%E2%80%93December_2018)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (September–December 2018)">Sep–Dec</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Olive_Branch" title="Operation Olive Branch">Operation Olive Branch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Khasham" title="Battle of Khasham">Battle of Khasham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rif_Dimashq_offensive_(February%E2%80%93April_2018)" title="Rif Dimashq offensive (February–April 2018)">Rif Dimashq offensive (Feb–Apr)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Damascus_offensive_(January%E2%80%93February_2018)" title="Southern Damascus offensive (January–February 2018)">Southern Damascus offensive (Jan–Feb)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Liberation_Front%E2%80%93Tahrir_al-Sham_conflict" title="Syrian Liberation Front–Tahrir al-Sham conflict">Syrian Liberation Front–Tahrir al-Sham conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Damascus_offensive_(March_2018)" title="Southern Damascus offensive (March 2018)">Southern Damascus offensive (Mar)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douma_chemical_attack" title="Douma chemical attack">Douma chemical attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_2018_missile_strikes_against_Syria" title="April 2018 missile strikes against Syria">Missile strikes (Apr)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Homs_offensive_(April%E2%80%93May_2018)" title="Northern Homs offensive (April–May 2018)">Northern Homs offensive (Apr–May)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Qalamoun_offensive_(April_2018)" title="Eastern Qalamoun offensive (April 2018)">Eastern Qalamoun offensive (Apr)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Damascus_offensive_(April%E2%80%93May_2018)" title="Southern Damascus offensive (April–May 2018)">Southern Damascus offensive (Apr–May)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deir_ez-Zor_Governorate_clashes" title="Deir ez-Zor Governorate clashes">Deir ez-Zor clashes (Apr)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deir_ez-Zor_offensive_(2018)" title="Deir ez-Zor offensive (2018)">Deir ez-Zor offensive (May–Jun)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/As-Suwayda_offensive_(June_2018)" title="As-Suwayda offensive (June 2018)">As-Suwayda offensive (Jun)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Southern_Syria_offensive" title="2018 Southern Syria offensive">Southern offensive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_As-Suwayda_attacks" title="2018 As-Suwayda attacks">As-Suwayda attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/As-Suwayda_offensive_(August%E2%80%93November_2018)" title="As-Suwayda offensive (August–November 2018)">As-Suwayda (Aug-Nov)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qamishli_clashes_(2018)" title="Qamishli clashes (2018)">Qamishli clashes (Sep)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syria_missile_strikes_(September_2018)" title="Syria missile strikes (September 2018)">Missile strikes (Sep)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Syrian-Turkish_border_clashes" class="mw-redirect" title="2018 Syrian-Turkish border clashes">Northern border clashes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;"><span style="font-size:110%;"><b>2019</b></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(January%E2%80%93April_2019)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (January–April 2019)">Jan–Apr</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(May%E2%80%93August_2019)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (May–August 2019)">May–Aug</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(September%E2%80%93December_2019)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (September–December 2019)">Sep–Dec</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Front_for_Liberation%E2%80%93Tahrir_al-Sham_conflict" title="National Front for Liberation–Tahrir al-Sham conflict">Idlib inter-rebel conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Manbij_bombing" title="2019 Manbij bombing">Manbij bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Baghuz_Fawqani" title="Battle of Baghuz Fawqani">Battle of Baghuz Fawqani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISIL_insurgency_in_Deir_ez-Zor_(2019)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISIL insurgency in Deir ez-Zor (2019)">ISIL insurgency in Deir-ez-Zor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%AArik_prison_escape_attempt" title="Dêrik prison escape attempt">Dêrik prison escape attempt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Tell_Rifaat_clashes" title="2019 Tell Rifaat clashes">Tell Rifaat clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Syria_offensive_(April%E2%80%93August_2019)" title="Northwestern Syria offensive (April–August 2019)">Northwestern offensive (Apr–Aug)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_2019_Syria_bombings" title="June 2019 Syria bombings">June bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hass_refugee_camp_bombing" title="Hass refugee camp bombing">Hass refugee camp bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syria_missile_strikes_(August_2019)" title="Syria missile strikes (August 2019)">Missile strikes (Aug)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Turkish_offensive_into_north-eastern_Syria" title="2019 Turkish offensive into north-eastern Syria">Turkish offensive into northeast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Abu_Bakr_al-Baghdadi" title="Death of Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi">Barisha raid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_2019_Syria_bombings" title="November 2019 Syria bombings">November bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_2019_Israeli_missile_strikes_in_Syria" title="November 2019 Israeli missile strikes in Syria">Israeli missile strikes (Nov)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qah_missile_strike" title="Qah missile strike">Qah missile strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Syria_offensive_(December_2019%E2%80%93March_2020)" title="Northwestern Syria offensive (December 2019–March 2020)">Northwestern offensive (Dec 19–Mar 20)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_2019_United_States_airstrikes_in_Iraq_and_Syria" title="December 2019 United States airstrikes in Iraq and Syria">US airstrikes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;"><span style="font-size:110%;"><b>2020</b></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(2020%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (2020–present)">Jan–Dec</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Syria" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Syria">COVID-19 pandemic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Afrin_bombing" title="2020 Afrin bombing">Afrin bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idlib_Governorate_clashes_(June_2020)" title="Idlib Governorate clashes (June 2020)">Idlib Governorate clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Kafr_Takharim_airstrike" title="2020 Kafr Takharim airstrike">Kafr-Takharim airstrike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020%E2%80%932021_Ayn_Issa_clashes" title="2020–2021 Ayn Issa clashes">Ayn Issa clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Deir_ez-Zor_ambush" class="mw-redirect" title="2020 Deir ez-Zor ambush">Deir ez-Zor ambush</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;"><span style="font-size:110%;"><b>2021</b></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(2021)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (2021)">Jan–Dec</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Qamishli_and_Al-Hasakah" title="Siege of Qamishli and Al-Hasakah">Siege of Qamishli and Al-Hasakah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syria_missile_strikes_(January_2021)" title="Syria missile strikes (January 2021)">Missile strikes (Jan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_2021_United_States_airstrike_in_Syria" title="February 2021 United States airstrike in Syria">US airstrike (Feb)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Qamishli_(2021)" title="Battle of Qamishli (2021)">Battle of Qamishli (Apr)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_2021_United_States_airstrike_in_Syria" title="June 2021 United States airstrike in Syria">US airstrike (Jun)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Daraa_clashes" class="mw-redirect" title="2021 Daraa clashes">Daraa clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tahrir_al-Sham%E2%80%93Junud_al-Sham_conflict" title="Tahrir al-Sham–Junud al-Sham conflict">Tahrir al-Sham–Junud al-Sham conflict</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;"><span style="font-size:110%;"><b>2022</b></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(2022)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (2022)">Jan–Dec</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Hasakah_(2022)" title="Battle of al-Hasakah (2022)">Battle of al-Hasakah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Ahrar_al-Sham%E2%80%93Levant_Front_clashes" title="2022 Ahrar al-Sham–Levant Front clashes">Ahrar al-Sham–Levant Front clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Jabal_al-Bishr%C4%AB_clashes" title="2022 Jabal al-Bishrī clashes">Jabal al-Bishrī clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Jarqli_airstrikes" title="2022 Jarqli airstrikes">Jarqli airstrikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Aleppo_clashes_(October_2022)" title="Northern Aleppo clashes (October 2022)">Northern Aleppo clashes (Oct)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Claw-Sword" title="Operation Claw-Sword">Operation Claw-Sword</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Syria_clashes_(December_2022%E2%80%93present)" title="Northwestern Syria clashes (December 2022–present)">Northwest clashes (Dec)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;"><span style="font-size:110%;"><b>2023</b></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Syrian_civil_war_(2023)" title="Timeline of the Syrian civil war (2023)">Jan-Dec</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2023_Al-Sukhnah_attack" title="2023 Al-Sukhnah attack">Al-Sukhnah attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Damascus_airstrike" title="2023 Damascus airstrike">Damascus airstrike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Hama_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="2023 Hama attack">Hama attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Northern_Syria_clashes" class="mw-redirect" title="2023 Northern Syria clashes">Northern border clashes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em;font-weight:normal; vertical-align:top;;vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/Spillover_of_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Spillover of the Syrian civil war"><b>Spillover</b></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:2em;background:transparent; text-align:right; padding:0; vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Israeli%E2%80%93Syrian_ceasefire_line_incidents_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Israeli–Syrian ceasefire line incidents during the Syrian civil war">Israel and Golan Heights</a>:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/March_2017_Israel%E2%80%93Syria_incident" title="March 2017 Israel–Syria incident">March 2017 incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_2018_Israel%E2%80%93Syria_incident" title="February 2018 Israel–Syria incident">February 2018 incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_House_of_Cards" title="Operation House of Cards">May 2018 Israel–Iran incidents</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:2em;background:transparent; text-align:right; padding:0; vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_War_in_Iraq_(2014)" title="Timeline of the War in Iraq (2014)">Iraq</a>:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akashat_ambush" title="Akashat ambush">Akashat ambush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_al-Shabah" title="Operation al-Shabah">Operation al-Shabah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_War_in_Iraq_(2014)#April" title="Timeline of the War in Iraq (2014)">April 2014 Iraqi border airstrike</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:2em;background:transparent; text-align:right; padding:0; vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Jordanian%E2%80%93Syrian_border_incidents_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Jordanian–Syrian border incidents during the Syrian civil war">Jordanian border incidents</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jordanian%E2%80%93Syrian_border_incidents_during_the_Syrian_civil_war#2014" title="Jordanian–Syrian border incidents during the Syrian civil war">April 2014 Jordanian border airstrike</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:2em;background:transparent; text-align:right; padding:0; vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Syrian_civil_war_spillover_in_Lebanon" title="Syrian civil war spillover in Lebanon">Lebanon</a>:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lebanon%E2%80%93Syria_border_clashes" title="Lebanon–Syria border clashes">Lebanese border clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Sidon_clash" title="2013 Sidon clash">Battle of Sidon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_embassy_bombing_in_Beirut" class="mw-redirect" title="Iranian embassy bombing in Beirut">Iranian embassy bombing in Beirut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Lebanon_clashes_(2014)" title="North Lebanon clashes (2014)">North Lebanon clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qalamoun_offensive_(2017)" title="Qalamoun offensive (2017)">Qalamoun (Jul–Aug 2017)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:2em;background:transparent; text-align:right; padding:0; vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Syrian%E2%80%93Turkish_border_clashes_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Syrian–Turkish border clashes during the Syrian civil war">Turkey</a>:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/December_2011_Syrian%E2%80%93Turkish_border_clash" title="December 2011 Syrian–Turkish border clash">December 2011 Turkish border clash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Turkish_F-4_Phantom_shootdown" title="2012 Turkish F-4 Phantom shootdown">2012 Turkish F-4 Phantom shootdown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Syrian%E2%80%93Turkish_border_clashes" class="mw-redirect" title="2012 Syrian–Turkish border clashes">2012 Turkish border clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Reyhanl%C4%B1_car_bombings" title="2013 Reyhanlı car bombings">2013 Reyhanlı car bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_2014_Turkish_attack_in_Syria" title="January 2014 Turkish attack in Syria">January 2014 Turkish attack in Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Andrei_Karlov" title="Assassination of Andrei Karlov">Assassination of Andrei Karlov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Russian_Air_Force_Al-Bab_incident" title="2017 Russian Air Force Al-Bab incident">Russian Air Force Al-Bab incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Balyun_airstrikes" title="2020 Balyun airstrikes">2020 Balyun airstrikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Spring_Shield" title="Operation Spring Shield">Operation Spring Shield</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:2em;background:transparent; text-align:right; padding:0; vertical-align:top;">Elsewhere:</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2017_Deir_ez-Zor_missile_strike" class="mw-redirect" title="2017 Deir ez-Zor missile strike">Deir ez-Zor missile strike</a> (Iran)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;"><div id="Belligerents" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Belligerents</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em">Syria</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Syria" title="Politics of Syria">Politics of Syria</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arab_Socialist_Ba%27ath_Party_%E2%80%93_Syria_Region" title="Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region">Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party – Syria Region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Social_Nationalist_Party" title="Syrian Social Nationalist Party">Syrian Social Nationalist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_Socialist_Movement" title="Arab Socialist Movement">Arab Socialist Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Communist_Party_(Bakdash)" title="Syrian Communist Party (Bakdash)">Syrian Communist Party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em;font-weight:normal;">Military and militias</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Armed_Forces" title="Syrian Armed Forces">Syrian Armed Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Resistance" title="Syrian Resistance">Syrian Resistance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_Front_for_the_Liberation_of_Palestine_%E2%80%93_General_Command" title="Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine – General Command">PFLP-GC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liwa_al-Quds" title="Liwa al-Quds">al-Quds Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestine_Liberation_Army" title="Palestine Liberation Army">Palestine Liberation Army</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_involvement_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Foreign involvement in the Syrian civil war">Foreign support</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hezbollah_involvement_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Hezbollah involvement in the Syrian civil war">Hezbollah involvement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_intervention_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Iranian intervention in the Syrian civil war">Iranian involvement</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liwa_Fatemiyoun" title="Liwa Fatemiyoun">Liwa Fatemiyoun</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_involvement_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Russian involvement in the Syrian civil war">Russian involvement</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian%E2%80%93Syrian_hospital_bombing_campaign" title="Russian–Syrian hospital bombing campaign">medical facility targeting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_intervention_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Russian intervention in the Syrian civil war">military intervention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wagner_Group" title="Wagner Group">Wagner Group</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Syria%E2%80%93Iran%E2%80%93Iraq_coalition" title="Russia–Syria–Iran–Iraq coalition">Russia–Syria–Iran–Iraq coalition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_Mobilization_Forces" title="Popular Mobilization Forces">Popular Mobilization Forces</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em"><a href="/wiki/Syrian_opposition" title="Syrian opposition">Opposition</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Interim_Government" title="Syrian Interim Government">Interim government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Coalition_of_Syrian_Revolutionary_and_Opposition_Forces" title="National Coalition of Syrian Revolutionary and Opposition Forces">National Coalition</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Local_Coordination_Committees_of_Syria" title="Local Coordination Committees of Syria">Local Coordination Committees</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_National_Council" title="Syrian National Council">Syrian National Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Council_of_the_Syrian_Revolution" title="Supreme Council of the Syrian Revolution">Supreme Council of the Syrian Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Coordination_Committee_for_Democratic_Change" title="National Coordination Committee for Democratic Change">National Coordination Committee for Democratic Change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Revolution_General_Commission" title="Syrian Revolution General Commission">Syrian Revolution General Commission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Support_Group" title="Syrian Support Group">Syrian Support Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adopt_a_Revolution" title="Adopt a Revolution">Adopt a Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_National_Council#Syrian_Patriotic_Group" title="Syrian National Council">Syrian Patriotic Group</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em;font-weight:normal;">Opposition militias</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_National_Army" title="Syrian National Army">Syrian National Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Syrian_Army" title="Free Syrian Army">Free Syrian Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Front_for_Liberation" title="National Front for Liberation">National Front for Liberation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaysh_al-Izza" title="Jaysh al-Izza">Army of Glory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Authenticity_and_Development_Front" title="Authenticity and Development Front">Authenticity and Development Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Army_of_Free_Tribes" title="Army of Free Tribes">Army of Free Tribes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Commando_Army" title="Revolutionary Commando Army">Revolutionary Commando Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslim_Brotherhood_in_Syria" title="Muslim Brotherhood in Syria">Muslim Brotherhood in Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grey_Wolves_(organization)" title="Grey Wolves (organization)">Grey Wolves</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_involvement_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Foreign involvement in the Syrian civil war">Foreign support</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/US_intervention_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="US intervention in the Syrian civil war">US intervention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordanian_intervention_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Jordanian intervention in the Syrian civil war">Jordanian intervention</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatari_involvement_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Qatari involvement in the Syrian civil war">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_involvement_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Saudi involvement in the Syrian civil war">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_involvement_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Turkish involvement in the Syrian civil war">Turkey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Administration_of_North_and_East_Syria" title="Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria">Autonomous Administration<br />of North and East Syria</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Movement_for_a_Democratic_Society" title="Movement for a Democratic Society">DFNS Government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Union_Party_(Syria)" title="Democratic Union Party (Syria)">Democratic Union Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_National_Council" title="Kurdish National Council">Kurdish National Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Rojava" title="List of political parties in Rojava">Smaller political parties</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Democratic_Forces" title="Syrian Democratic Forces">SDF militias</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Defense_Units" title="People's Defense Units">People's Protection Units</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women%27s_Protection_Units" title="Women's Protection Units">Women's Protection Units</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Terror_Units" title="Anti-Terror Units">Anti-Terror Units</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Sanadid_Forces" title="Al-Sanadid Forces">Al-Sanadid Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Army_of_Revolutionaries" title="Army of Revolutionaries">Army of Revolutionaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Democratic_Forces_military_councils" title="Syrian Democratic Forces military councils">SDF military councils</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syriac_Military_Council" title="Syriac Military Council">Syriac Military Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liwa_Thuwar_al-Raqqa" title="Liwa Thuwar al-Raqqa">Liwa Thuwar al-Raqqa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Democratic_Brigade" title="Northern Democratic Brigade">Northern Democratic Brigade</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em;font-weight:normal;">Support</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Patriotic_Union_of_Kurdistan" title="Patriotic Union of Kurdistan">Patriotic Union of Kurdistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdistan_Workers%27_Party" title="Kurdistan Workers' Party">Kurdistan Workers' Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Freedom_Battalion" title="International Freedom Battalion">International Freedom Battalion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinjar_Resistance_Units" title="Sinjar Resistance Units">Sinjar Resistance Units</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%8Az%C3%AEdxan_Women%27s_Units" title="Êzîdxan Women's Units">Êzîdxan Women's Units</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.25em"><a href="/wiki/Islamism" title="Islamism">Islamists</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Islamic_State" title="Islamic State">Islamic State</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_of_the_Islamic_State" title="Military of the Islamic State">Military activity of ISIL</a> (<a href="/wiki/Al-Barakah_(Islamic_State_administrative_district)" title="Al-Barakah (Islamic State administrative district)">Al-Barakah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dokumac%C4%B1lar" title="Dokumacılar">Dokumacılar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khalid_ibn_al-Walid_Army" title="Khalid ibn al-Walid Army">Khalid ibn al-Walid Army</a> (<a href="/wiki/Yarmouk_Martyrs_Brigade" title="Yarmouk Martyrs Brigade">Yarmouk Martyrs Brigade</a>, <a href="/wiki/Islamic_Muthanna_Movement" title="Islamic Muthanna Movement">Islamic Muthanna Movement</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jaysh_al-Jihad" title="Jaysh al-Jihad">Jaysh al-Jihad</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jund_al-Aqsa" title="Jund al-Aqsa">Liwa al-Aqsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Group_of_the_One_and_Only" title="Group of the One and Only">Group of the One and Only</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liwa_Dawud" title="Liwa Dawud">Liwa Dawud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liwa_Aqab_al-Islami" title="Liwa Aqab al-Islami">Liwa Aqab al-Islami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katibah_Nusantara" title="Katibah Nusantara">Katibah Nusantara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katiba_al-Bittar_al-Libi" title="Katiba al-Bittar al-Libi">Katiba al-Bittar al-Libi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Khansaa_Brigade" title="Al-Khansaa Brigade">Al-Khansaa Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Group_of_the_One_and_Only" title="Group of the One and Only">Group of the One and Only</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Al-Qaeda" title="Al-Qaeda">al-Qaeda</a> and allies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Nusra_Front" title="Al-Nusra Front">Al-Nusra Front</a> (<a href="/wiki/Jabhat_Fatah_al-Sham" class="mw-redirect" title="Jabhat Fatah al-Sham">Jabhat Fatah al-Sham</a> (<a href="/wiki/Khorasan_group" title="Khorasan group">Khorasan group</a>, <a href="/wiki/Suqour_al-Ezz" title="Suqour al-Ezz">Suqour al-Ezz</a>) <a href="/wiki/Jaysh_Muhammad_in_Bilad_al-Sham" title="Jaysh Muhammad in Bilad al-Sham">Jaysh Muhammad in Bilad al-Sham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tahrir_al-Sham" title="Tahrir al-Sham">Tahrir al-Sham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkistan_Islamic_Party_in_Syria" title="Turkistan Islamic Party in Syria">Turkistan Islamic Party in Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caucasus_Emirate" title="Caucasus Emirate">Caucasus Emirate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ajnad_al-Kavkaz" title="Ajnad al-Kavkaz">Ajnad al-Kavkaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junud_al-Makhdi" title="Junud al-Makhdi">Junud al-Makhdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rouse_the_Believers_Operations_Room" title="Rouse the Believers Operations Room">Rouse the Believers Operations Room</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ansar_al-Tawhid_(Syria)" title="Ansar al-Tawhid (Syria)">Ansar al-Tawhid</a> (<a href="/wiki/Firqat_al-Ghuraba" title="Firqat al-Ghuraba">Firqat al-Ghuraba</a>), <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hurras al-Din</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ansar_al-Din_Front" title="Ansar al-Din Front">Ansar al-Din Front</a> (<a href="/wiki/Harakat_Sham_al-Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Harakat Sham al-Islam">Harakat Sham al-Islam</a>), <a href="/wiki/Ansar_al-Islam_in_Kurdistan" title="Ansar al-Islam in Kurdistan">Ansar al-Islam in Kurdistan</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaish_al-Haramoun" title="Jaish al-Haramoun">Jaish al-Haramoun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaysh_al-Sunna" title="Jaysh al-Sunna">Jaysh al-Sunna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liwa_al-Muhajireen_wal-Ansar" title="Liwa al-Muhajireen wal-Ansar">Liwa al-Muhajireen wal-Ansar</a> (<a href="/wiki/Green_Battalion" title="Green Battalion">Green Battalion</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mujahideen_Shura_Council_(Syria)" title="Mujahideen Shura Council (Syria)">Mujahideen Shura Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malhama_Tactical" title="Malhama Tactical">Malhama Tactical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katibat_al-Tawhid_wal-Jihad" title="Katibat al-Tawhid wal-Jihad">Katibat al-Tawhid wal-Jihad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jama%27at_Ansar_al-Furqan_in_Bilad_al_Sham" title="Jama'at Ansar al-Furqan in Bilad al Sham">Jama'at Ansar al-Furqan in Bilad al Sham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghuraba_al-Sham" title="Ghuraba al-Sham">Ghuraba al-Sham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taliban" title="Taliban">Taliban</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pakistani_Taliban" title="Pakistani Taliban">Pakistani Taliban</a>, <a href="/wiki/Imam_Bukhari_Jamaat" title="Imam Bukhari Jamaat">Imam Bukhari Jamaat</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fatah_al-Islam" title="Fatah al-Islam">Fatah al-Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhajirin_wa-Ansar_Alliance" title="Muhajirin wa-Ansar Alliance">Muhajirin wa-Ansar Alliance</a> (<a href="/wiki/Liwaa_al-Umma" title="Liwaa al-Umma">Liwaa al-Umma</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;"><div id="People" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">People</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ammar_Abdulhamid" title="Ammar Abdulhamid">Ammar Abdulhamid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_al-Abdallah" title="Ali al-Abdallah">Ali al-Abdallah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adnan_al-Aroor" title="Adnan al-Aroor">Adnan al-Aroor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Assad_family" title="Al-Assad family">al-Assad family</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bashar_al-Assad" title="Bashar al-Assad">Bashar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maher_al-Assad" title="Maher al-Assad">Maher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rifaat_al-Assad" title="Rifaat al-Assad">Rifaat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rami_Makhlouf" title="Rami Makhlouf">Rami Makhlouf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hafez_Makhlouf" title="Hafez Makhlouf">Hafez Makhlouf</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riad_al-Asaad" title="Riad al-Asaad">Riad al-Asaad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anwar_al-Bunni" title="Anwar al-Bunni">Anwar al-Bunni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fahd_Jassem_al-Freij" title="Fahd Jassem al-Freij">Fahd Jassem al-Freij</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suheil_al-Hassan" class="mw-redirect" title="Suheil al-Hassan">Suheil al-Hassan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haitham_al-Maleh" title="Haitham al-Maleh">Haitham al-Maleh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moaz_al-Khatib" title="Moaz al-Khatib">Moaz al-Khatib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamal_al-Labwani" title="Kamal al-Labwani">Kamal al-Labwani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Hamza_Ali_Al-Khateeb" title="Death of Hamza Ali Al-Khateeb">Hamza al-Khateeb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tal_al-Mallohi" title="Tal al-Mallohi">Tal al-Mallohi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fida_al-Sayed" title="Fida al-Sayed">Fida al-Sayed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riad_al-Turk" title="Riad al-Turk">Riad al-Turk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khaled_Khoja" title="Khaled Khoja">Khaled Khoja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ammar_al-Qurabi" title="Ammar al-Qurabi">Ammar al-Qurabi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suheir_Atassi" title="Suheir Atassi">Suheir Atassi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Sadreddine_Al-Bayanouni" title="Ali Sadreddine Al-Bayanouni">Ali Sadreddine Al-Bayanouni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aref_Dalila" title="Aref Dalila">Aref Dalila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farid_Ghadry" title="Farid Ghadry">Farid Ghadry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burhan_Ghalioun" title="Burhan Ghalioun">Burhan Ghalioun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Razan_Ghazzawi" title="Razan Ghazzawi">Razan Ghazzawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghassan_Hitto" title="Ghassan Hitto">Ghassan Hitto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salim_Idris" title="Salim Idris">Salim Idris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randa_Kassis" title="Randa Kassis">Randa Kassis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Halim_Khaddam" title="Abdul Halim Khaddam">Abdul Halim Khaddam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Kilo" title="Michel Kilo">Michel Kilo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bassma_Kodmani" title="Bassma Kodmani">Bassma Kodmani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Habib_Mahmud" title="Ali Habib Mahmud">Ali Habib Mahmud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Mahmoud_Othman" title="Ali Mahmoud Othman">Ali Mahmoud Othman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibrahim_Qashoush" title="Ibrahim Qashoush">Ibrahim Qashoush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dawoud_Rajiha" title="Dawoud Rajiha">Dawoud Rajiha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yassin_al-Haj_Saleh" title="Yassin al-Haj Saleh">Yassin al-Haj Saleh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bouthaina_Shaaban" title="Bouthaina Shaaban">Bouthaina Shaaban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdulbaset_Sieda" title="Abdulbaset Sieda">Abdulbaset Sieda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riad_Seif" title="Riad Seif">Riad Seif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fadwa_Souleimane" title="Fadwa Souleimane">Fadwa Souleimane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohamad_Anas_Haitham_Soueid" title="Mohamad Anas Haitham Soueid">Mohamad Anas Haitham Soueid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaser_Tabbara" title="Yaser Tabbara">Yaser Tabbara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Razan_Zaitouneh" title="Razan Zaitouneh">Razan Zaitouneh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rami_Jarrah" title="Rami Jarrah">Rami Jarrah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdurrahman_Mustafa" title="Abdurrahman Mustafa">Abdurrahman Mustafa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fadlallah_al-Haji" title="Fadlallah al-Haji">Fadlallah al-Haji</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="vertical-align:top;"><div id="Related" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Related</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Elections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2011_Syrian_local_elections" title="2011 Syrian local elections">2011 local elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Syrian_parliamentary_election" title="2012 Syrian parliamentary election">2012 parliamentary election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Syrian_presidential_election" title="2014 Syrian presidential election">2014 presidential election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Rojava_local_elections" title="2015 Rojava local elections">2015 Northern local elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Syrian_parliamentary_election" title="2016 Syrian parliamentary election">2016 parliamentary election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Rojava_local_elections" title="2017 Rojava local elections">2017 Northern local elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Rojava_regional_elections" title="2017 Rojava regional elections">2017 Northern regional elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Syrian_local_elections" title="2018 Syrian local elections">2018 local elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Syrian_parliamentary_election" title="2020 Syrian parliamentary election">2020 parliamentary election</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Syrian_presidential_election" title="2021 Syrian presidential election">2021 presidential election</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Issues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Casualties_of_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Casualties of the Syrian civil war">Casualties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cities_and_towns_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Cities and towns during the Syrian civil war">Cities and towns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Use_of_chemical_weapons_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Use of chemical weapons in the Syrian civil war">Chemical weapons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heritage_sites_damaged_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="List of heritage sites damaged during the Syrian civil war">Damaged heritage sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_involvement_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Foreign involvement in the Syrian civil war">Foreign involvement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_violations_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Human rights violations during the Syrian civil war">Human rights violations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humanitarian_aid_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Humanitarian aid during the Syrian civil war">Humanitarian aid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_demonstrations_and_protests_relating_to_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="International demonstrations and protests relating to the Syrian civil war">International demonstrations and protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_reactions_to_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="International reactions to the Syrian civil war">International reactions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_massacres_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="List of massacres during the Syrian civil war">Massacres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refugees_of_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Refugees of the Syrian civil war">Refugees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sectarianism_and_minorities_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Sectarianism and minorities in the Syrian civil war">Sectarianism and minorities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Status_of_the_Golan_Heights" class="mw-redirect" title="Status of the Golan Heights">Status of the Golan Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_civil_war_spillover_in_Lebanon" title="Syrian civil war spillover in Lebanon">Spillover in Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_government_reactions_to_the_Syrian_civil_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Syrian government reactions to the Syrian civil war">Syrian government reactions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Syrian_peace_process" title="Syrian peace process">Peace process</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arab_League_monitors_in_Syria" title="Arab League monitors in Syria">Arab League monitors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friends_of_Syria_Group" title="Friends of Syria Group">Friends of Syria Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kofi_Annan_Syrian_peace_plan" title="Kofi Annan Syrian peace plan">Kofi Annan peace plan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Supervision_Mission_in_Syria" title="United Nations Supervision Mission in Syria">UN supervision mission</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakhdar_Brahimi_Syrian_peace_plan" title="Lakhdar Brahimi Syrian peace plan">Lakhdar Brahimi peace plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S.%E2%80%93Russia_peace_proposals_on_Syria" title="U.S.–Russia peace proposals on Syria">U.S.–Russia peace proposals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/39th_G8_summit" title="39th G8 summit">39th G8 summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_2118" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 2118">UN Security Council Resolution 2118</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geneva_II_Conference_on_Syria" title="Geneva II Conference on Syria">Geneva II conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Zabadani_cease-fire_agreement" title="2015 Zabadani cease-fire agreement">2015 Zabadani cease-fire agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vienna_peace_talks_for_Syria" title="Vienna peace talks for Syria">Vienna talks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geneva_peace_talks_on_Syria_(2016)" title="Geneva peace talks on Syria (2016)">2016 Geneva talks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idlib_demilitarization_(2018%E2%80%932019)" title="Idlib demilitarization (2018–2019)">Idlib demilitarization (2018–present)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Syria_Buffer_Zone" title="Northern Syria Buffer Zone">First Northern Syria Demilitarization Deal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Northern_Syria_Buffer_Zone" title="Second Northern Syria Buffer Zone">Second Northern Syria Demilitarization Deal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Constitutional_Committee" title="Syrian Constitutional Committee">Syrian Constitutional Committee</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">War crimes trials</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%B6lkerstrafgesetzbuch#Syrian_civil_war" title="Völkerstrafgesetzbuch">Universal jurisdiction trials in Germany</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Exclusive_mandate" title="Exclusive mandate">Exclusive mandate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Extraordinary_Session_of_the_Islamic_Summit_Conference" title="Fourth Extraordinary Session of the Islamic Summit Conference">Fourth Extraordinary Session of the Islamic Summit Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_recognition_of_the_Syrian_National_Council" title="International recognition of the Syrian National Council">International recognition of the Syrian National Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syria_Files" title="Syria Files">Syria Files</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Syrian_detainee_report" title="2014 Syrian detainee report">Syrian detainee report</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_coverage_of_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Media coverage of the Syrian civil war">Syrian media coverage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_European_migrant_crisis" title="2015 European migrant crisis">2015 European migrant crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_civil_war_in_popular_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Syrian civil war in popular culture">Syrian civil war in popular culture</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Syrian_civil_war" title="Category:Syrian civil war">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Al-Qaeda" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Al-Qaeda" title="Template:Al-Qaeda"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Al-Qaeda" title="Template talk:Al-Qaeda"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Al-Qaeda" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Al-Qaeda"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Al-Qaeda" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Al-Qaeda" title="Al-Qaeda">Al-Qaeda</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_al-Qaeda_members" title="List of al-Qaeda members">Leadership</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saif_al-Adel" title="Saif al-Adel">Saif al-Adel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abd_al-Rahman_al-Maghribi" class="mw-redirect" title="Abd al-Rahman al-Maghribi">Abd al-Rahman al-Maghribi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sa%27ad_bin_Atef_al-Awlaki" title="Sa'ad bin Atef al-Awlaki">Sa'ad bin Atef al-Awlaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Umar_Abu_Ubaidah" class="mw-redirect" title="Ahmad Umar Abu Ubaidah">Ahmad Umar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iyad_Ag_Ghaly" title="Iyad Ag Ghaly">Iyad Ag Ghaly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezedin_Abdel_Aziz_Khalil" title="Ezedin Abdel Aziz Khalil">Ezedin Abdel Aziz Khalil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Ubaidah_Youssef_al-Annabi" title="Abu Ubaidah Youssef al-Annabi">Abu Ubaidah Youssef al-Annabi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Sayyid_Muhamed_Mustafa_al-Bakri" title="Ali Sayyid Muhamed Mustafa al-Bakri">Ali Sayyid Muhamed Mustafa al-Bakri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibrahim_al-Banna" title="Ibrahim al-Banna">Ibrahim al-Banna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibrahim_al_Qosi" title="Ibrahim al Qosi">Ibrahim al Qosi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Walid_al-Masri" title="Abu Walid al-Masri">Abu Walid al-Masri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammed_Showqi_Al-Islambouli" title="Mohammed Showqi Al-Islambouli">Mohammed Showqi Al-Islambouli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdukadir_Mohamed_Abdukadir" title="Abdukadir Mohamed Abdukadir">Abdukadir Mohamed Abdukadir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuad_Qalaf" title="Fuad Qalaf">Fuad Qalaf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jehad_Mostafa" title="Jehad Mostafa">Jehad Mostafa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Humam_al-Shami" title="Abu Humam al-Shami">Abu Humam al-Shami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sami_al-Oraydi" title="Sami al-Oraydi">Sami al-Oraydi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former<br />leadership</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Killed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Osama_bin_Laden" title="Osama bin Laden">Osama bin Laden</a> (<a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Osama_bin_Laden" title="Killing of Osama bin Laden">killing</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayman_al-Zawahiri" title="Ayman al-Zawahiri">Ayman al-Zawahiri</a> (<a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Ayman_al-Zawahiri" title="Killing of Ayman al-Zawahiri">killing</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammed_Atef" title="Mohammed Atef">Mohammed Atef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qaed_Salim_Sinan_al-Harethi" title="Qaed Salim Sinan al-Harethi">Qaed Salim Sinan al-Harethi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mustafa_Mohamed_Fadhil" title="Mustafa Mohamed Fadhil">Mustafa Mohamed Fadhil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haitham_al-Yemeni" title="Haitham al-Yemeni">Haitham al-Yemeni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Hamza_Rabia" title="Abu Hamza Rabia">Abu Hamza Rabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhsin_Musa_Matwalli_Atwah" title="Muhsin Musa Matwalli Atwah">Muhsin Musa Matwalli Atwah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Musab_al-Zarqawi" title="Abu Musab al-Zarqawi">Abu Musab al-Zarqawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omar_al-Faruq" title="Omar al-Faruq">Omar al-Faruq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haitham_al-Badri" title="Haitham al-Badri">Haitham al-Badri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Yaqub_al-Masri" title="Abu Yaqub al-Masri">Abu Yaqub al-Masri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Talha_al-Sudani" title="Abu Talha al-Sudani">Abu Talha al-Sudani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Laith_al-Libi" class="mw-redirect" title="Abu Laith al-Libi">Abu Laith al-Libi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Sulayman_Al-Jazairi" title="Abu Sulayman Al-Jazairi">Abu Sulayman Al-Jazairi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midhat_Mursi" title="Midhat Mursi">Midhat Mursi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohamed_Moumou" title="Mohamed Moumou">Mohamed Moumou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khalid_Habib" title="Khalid Habib">Khalid Habib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Ghadiya" title="Abu Ghadiya">Abu Ghadiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Zubair_al-Masri" title="Abu Zubair al-Masri">Abu Zubair al-Masri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rashid_Rauf" title="Rashid Rauf">Rashid Rauf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Hasan_Khalil_al-Hakim" title="Mohammad Hasan Khalil al-Hakim">Mohammad Hasan Khalil al-Hakim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fahid_Mohammed_Ally_Msalam" title="Fahid Mohammed Ally Msalam">Fahid Mohammed Ally Msalam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Ahmed_Salim_Swedan" title="Sheikh Ahmed Salim Swedan">Sheikh Ahmed Salim Swedan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saad_bin_Laden" title="Saad bin Laden">Saad bin Laden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saleh_Ali_Saleh_Nabhan" title="Saleh Ali Saleh Nabhan">Saleh Ali Saleh Nabhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdullah_Said_al_Libi" title="Abdullah Said al Libi">Abdullah Said al Libi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saleh_al-Somali" title="Saleh al-Somali">Saleh al-Somali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saeed_al-Masri" title="Saeed al-Masri">Saeed al-Masri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamza_al-Jawfi" title="Hamza al-Jawfi">Hamza al-Jawfi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Mohammed_Hamed_Ali" title="Ahmed Mohammed Hamed Ali">Ahmed Mohammed Hamed Ali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohamed_Abul-Khair" title="Mohamed Abul-Khair">Mohamed Abul-Khair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Fateh" title="Sheikh Fateh">Sheikh Fateh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huthaifa_al-Batawi" title="Huthaifa al-Batawi">Huthaifa al-Batawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilyas_Kashmiri" title="Ilyas Kashmiri">Ilyas Kashmiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fazul_Abdullah_Mohammed" title="Fazul Abdullah Mohammed">Fazul Abdullah Mohammed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atiyah_Abd_al-Rahman" title="Atiyah Abd al-Rahman">Atiyah Abd al-Rahman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anwar_al-Awlaki" title="Anwar al-Awlaki">Anwar al-Awlaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samir_Khan" title="Samir Khan">Samir Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tariq_al-Dahab" title="Tariq al-Dahab">Tariq al-Dahab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Sa%27id_Ali_Hasan" title="Muhammad Sa'id Ali Hasan">Muhammad Sa'id Ali Hasan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fahd_al-Quso" title="Fahd al-Quso">Fahd al-Quso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Yahya_al-Libi" title="Abu Yahya al-Libi">Abu Yahya al-Libi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hassan_Ghul" title="Hassan Ghul">Hassan Ghul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu-Zaid_al_Kuwaiti" title="Abu-Zaid al Kuwaiti">Abu-Zaid al Kuwaiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Said_Ali_al-Shihri" title="Said Ali al-Shihri">Said Ali al-Shihri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farman_Ali_Shinwari" title="Farman Ali Shinwari">Farman Ali Shinwari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdelhamid_Abou_Zeid" title="Abdelhamid Abou Zeid">Abdelhamid Abou Zeid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibrahim_Haji_Jama_Mee%27aad" title="Ibrahim Haji Jama Mee'aad">Ibrahim Haji Jama Mee'aad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Mansoor_Al-Amriki" title="Abu Mansoor Al-Amriki">Abu Mansoor Al-Amriki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Said_Bahaji" title="Said Bahaji">Said Bahaji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Khalid_al-Suri" title="Abu Khalid al-Suri">Abu Khalid al-Suri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omar_Ould_Hamaha" title="Omar Ould Hamaha">Omar Ould Hamaha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Abdi_Godane" title="Ahmed Abdi Godane">Ahmed Abdi Godane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Yusuf_Al-Turki" title="Abu Yusuf Al-Turki">Abu Yusuf Al-Turki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adnan_Gulshair_el_Shukrijumah" title="Adnan Gulshair el Shukrijumah">Adnan Gulshair el Shukrijumah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Yahiye_Gadahn" title="Adam Yahiye Gadahn">Adam Yahiye Gadahn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harith_bin_Ghazi_al-Nadhari" title="Harith bin Ghazi al-Nadhari">Harith bin Ghazi al-Nadhari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Othman_Ahmad_Othman_al-Ghamdi" title="Othman Ahmad Othman al-Ghamdi">Othman Ahmad Othman al-Ghamdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibrahim_Sulayman_Muhammad_al-Rubaysh" title="Ibrahim Sulayman Muhammad al-Rubaysh">Ibrahim Sulayman Muhammad al-Rubaysh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nasser_bin_Ali_al-Ansi" title="Nasser bin Ali al-Ansi">Nasser bin Ali al-Ansi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nasir_al-Wuhayshi" title="Nasir al-Wuhayshi">Nasir al-Wuhayshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhsin_al-Fadhli" title="Muhsin al-Fadhli">Muhsin al-Fadhli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Khalil_al-Madani" title="Abu Khalil al-Madani">Abu Khalil al-Madani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matiur_Rehman" title="Matiur Rehman">Matiur Rehman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Firas_al-Suri" title="Abu Firas al-Suri">Abu Firas al-Suri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Refai_Taha" title="Ahmed Refai Taha">Ahmed Refai Taha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mokhtar_Belmokhtar" title="Mokhtar Belmokhtar">Mokhtar Belmokhtar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Khayr_al-Masri" title="Abu Khayr al-Masri">Abu Khayr al-Masri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibrahim_al-Asiri" title="Ibrahim al-Asiri">Ibrahim al-Asiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamza_bin_Laden" title="Hamza bin Laden">Hamza bin Laden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sari_Shihab" title="Sari Shihab">Sari Shihab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asim_Umar" title="Asim Umar">Asim Umar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qasim_al-Raymi" title="Qasim al-Raymi">Qasim al-Raymi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdelmalek_Droukdel" title="Abdelmalek Droukdel">Abdelmalek Droukdel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khalid_al-Aruri" title="Khalid al-Aruri">Khalid al-Aruri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdullah_Ahmed_Abdullah" title="Abdullah Ahmed Abdullah">Abdullah Ahmed Abdullah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Muhsin_al-Masri" title="Abu Muhsin al-Masri">Abu Muhsin al-Masri</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Captured</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mamdouh_Mahmud_Salim" title="Mamdouh Mahmud Salim">Mamdouh Mahmud Salim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wadih_el-Hage" title="Wadih el-Hage">Wadih el-Hage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khalid_al-Fawwaz" title="Khalid al-Fawwaz">Khalid al-Fawwaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abd_al-Rahim_al-Nashiri" title="Abd al-Rahim al-Nashiri">Abd al-Rahim al-Nashiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khalid_Sheikh_Mohammed" title="Khalid Sheikh Mohammed">Khalid Sheikh Mohammed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walid_bin_Attash" title="Walid bin Attash">Walid bin Attash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riduan_Isamuddin" title="Riduan Isamuddin">Riduan Isamuddin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_al-Bahlul" title="Ali al-Bahlul">Ali al-Bahlul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Ghailani" title="Ahmed Ghailani">Ahmed Ghailani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Faraj_al-Libbi" title="Abu Faraj al-Libbi">Abu Faraj al-Libbi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mustafa_Setmariam_Nasar" title="Mustafa Setmariam Nasar">Mustafa Setmariam Nasar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Hadi_al_Iraqi" class="mw-redirect" title="Abdul Hadi al Iraqi">Abdul Hadi al Iraqi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Jafar_Jamal_al-Kahtani" title="Muhammad Jafar Jamal al-Kahtani">Muhammad Jafar Jamal al-Kahtani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohamed_Atiq_Awayd_Al_Harbi" title="Mohamed Atiq Awayd Al Harbi">Mohamed Atiq Awayd Al Harbi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Younis_al-Mauritani" title="Younis al-Mauritani">Younis al-Mauritani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulaiman_Abu_Ghaith" title="Sulaiman Abu Ghaith">Sulaiman Abu Ghaith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Anas_al-Libi" title="Abu Anas al-Libi">Abu Anas al-Libi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhanad_Mahmoud_Al_Farekh" title="Muhanad Mahmoud Al Farekh">Muhanad Mahmoud Al Farekh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mukhtar_Robow" title="Mukhtar Robow">Mukhtar Robow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amin_al-Haq" title="Amin al-Haq">Amin al-Haq</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Ubaidah_al-Banshiri" title="Abu Ubaidah al-Banshiri">Abu Ubaidah al-Banshiri</a> (died)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Ubaidah_al-Masri" title="Abu Ubaidah al-Masri">Abu Ubaidah al-Masri</a> (died)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahfouz_Ould_al-Walid" title="Mahfouz Ould al-Walid">Mahfouz Ould al-Walid</a> (left)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Bakr_al-Baghdadi" title="Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi">Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi</a> (expelled)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Mohammad_al-Julani" title="Abu Mohammad al-Julani">Abu Mohammad al-Julani</a> (left)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Maria_al-Qahtani" title="Abu Maria al-Qahtani">Abu Maria al-Qahtani</a> (left)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Salama_Mabruk" title="Ahmad Salama Mabruk">Ahmad Salama Mabruk</a> (left)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Omar_al-Turkistani" title="Abu Omar al-Turkistani">Abu Omar al-Turkistani</a> (left)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Sulayman_al-Muhajir" title="Abu Sulayman al-Muhajir">Abu Sulayman al-Muhajir</a> (left)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khalid_Batarfi" title="Khalid Batarfi">Khalid Batarfi</a> (died)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Al-Qaeda_attacks" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of Al-Qaeda attacks">Timeline<br />of attacks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1998_United_States_embassy_bombings" title="1998 United States embassy bombings">1998 United States embassy bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Cole_bombing" title="USS Cole bombing">2000 USS <i>Cole</i> bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_11_attacks" title="September 11 attacks">2001 September 11 attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002_Bali_bombings" title="2002 Bali bombings">2002 Bali bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2004_Madrid_train_bombings" title="2004 Madrid train bombings">2004 Madrid train bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7_July_2005_London_bombings" title="7 July 2005 London bombings">2005 London bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_11,_2007_Algiers_bombings" class="mw-redirect" title="December 11, 2007 Algiers bombings">2007 Algiers bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Danish_embassy_bombing_in_Islamabad" title="2008 Danish embassy bombing in Islamabad">2008 Islamabad Danish embassy bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamabad_Marriott_Hotel_bombing" title="Islamabad Marriott Hotel bombing">2008 Islamabad Marriott Hotel bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/In_Amenas_hostage_crisis" title="In Amenas hostage crisis">2013 In Amenas hostage crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westgate_shopping_mall_attack" title="Westgate shopping mall attack">2013 Westgate shopping mall attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Hebdo_shooting" title="Charlie Hebdo shooting">2015 Charlie Hebdo shooting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garissa_University_College_attack" title="Garissa University College attack">2015 Garissa University College attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Bamako_hotel_attack" title="2015 Bamako hotel attack">2015 Bamako hotel attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Ouagadougou_attacks" title="2016 Ouagadougou attacks">2016 Ouagadougou attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Grand-Bassam_shootings" class="mw-redirect" title="2016 Grand-Bassam shootings">2016 Grand-Bassam shootings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Bamako_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="2016 Bamako attack">2016 Bamako attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_Air_Station_Pensacola_shooting" title="Naval Air Station Pensacola shooting">2019 Naval Air Station Pensacola shooting</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Wars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soviet%E2%80%93Afghan_War" title="Soviet–Afghan War">Soviet–Afghan War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afghan_Civil_War_(1989%E2%80%931992)" title="Afghan Civil War (1989–1992)">Afghan Civil War (1989–1992)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afghan_Civil_War_(1992%E2%80%931996)" title="Afghan Civil War (1992–1996)">Afghan Civil War (1992–1996)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Chechen_War" title="First Chechen War">First Chechen War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afghan_Civil_War_(1996%E2%80%932001)" title="Afghan Civil War (1996–2001)">Afghan Civil War (1996–2001)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Chechen_War" title="Second Chechen War">Second Chechen War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_in_Afghanistan_(2001%E2%80%932021)" title="War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)">War in Afghanistan (2001–2021)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraq_War" title="Iraq War">Iraq War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somali_Civil_War" title="Somali Civil War">Somali Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_in_North-West_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="War in North-West Pakistan">War in North-West Pakistan</a> (<a href="/wiki/Drone_strikes_in_Pakistan" title="Drone strikes in Pakistan">drone strikes</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_the_Maghreb_(2002%E2%80%93present)" title="Insurgency in the Maghreb (2002–present)">Insurgency in the Maghreb (2002–present)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_civil_war" title="Syrian civil war">Syrian civil war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_civil_war_(2014%E2%80%93present)" title="Yemeni civil war (2014–present)">Yemeni civil war (2014–present)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Qaeda_insurgency_in_Yemen" title="Al-Qaeda insurgency in Yemen">Al-Qaeda insurgency in Yemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houthi_insurgency" title="Houthi insurgency">Houthi insurgency</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Affiliates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Shabaab_(militant_group)" title="Al-Shabaab (militant group)">Al-Shabaab</a> (Somalia)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Qaeda_in_the_Arabian_Peninsula" title="Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula">Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula</a> (Yemen)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Qaeda_in_the_Islamic_Maghreb" title="Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb">Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb</a> (North Africa)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_Islamic_Jihad" title="Egyptian Islamic Jihad">Egyptian Islamic Jihad</a> (Egypt)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Qaeda_in_the_Indian_subcontinent" title="Al-Qaeda in the Indian subcontinent">Al-Qaeda in the Indian subcontinent</a> (Indian subcontinent)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jama%27at_Nasr_al-Islam_wal_Muslimin" class="mw-redirect" title="Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal Muslimin">Jama'at Nasr al-Islam wal Muslimin</a> (Mali)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Hurras al-Din</a> (Syria)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Charity organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benevolence_International_Foundation" title="Benevolence International Foundation">Benevolence International Foundation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Haramain_Foundation" title="Al-Haramain Foundation">Al-Haramain Foundation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al_Qaeda_Handbook" title="Al Qaeda Handbook">Al Qaeda Handbook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Neda" class="mw-redirect" title="Al Neda">Al Neda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/As-Sahab" title="As-Sahab">As-Sahab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fataw%C4%81_of_Osama_bin_Laden" class="mw-redirect" title="Fatawā of Osama bin Laden">Fatawā of Osama bin Laden</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Inspire_(magazine)" title="Inspire (magazine)">Inspire</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Al-Khansaa_(magazine)" title="Al-Khansaa (magazine)">Al-Khansaa</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur_al-Qaeda_Summit" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuala Lumpur al-Qaeda Summit">Kuala Lumpur al-Qaeda Summit</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Management_of_Savagery" title="Management of Savagery">Management of Savagery</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Voice_of_Jihad" title="Voice of Jihad">Voice of Jihad</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qaedat_al-Jihad" class="mw-redirect" title="Qaedat al-Jihad">Qaedat al-Jihad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_Islamic_Media_Front" title="Global Islamic Media Front">Global Islamic Media Front</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Video and audio</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Videos_and_audio_recordings_of_Osama_bin_Laden" title="Videos and audio recordings of Osama bin Laden">Videos and audio recordings of Osama bin Laden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Videos_and_audio_recordings_of_Ayman_al-Zawahiri" title="Videos and audio recordings of Ayman al-Zawahiri">Videos and audio recordings of Ayman al-Zawahiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/USS_Cole_bombing" title="USS Cole bombing">USS <i>Cole</i> bombing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Qaeda_safe_house" title="Al-Qaeda safe house">Safe houses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saddam%E2%80%93al-Qaeda_conspiracy_theory" class="mw-redirect" title="Saddam–al-Qaeda conspiracy theory">Saddam–al-Qaeda conspiracy theory</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Saddam%E2%80%93al-Qaeda_conspiracy_allegations" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of Saddam–al-Qaeda conspiracy allegations">Timeline</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Al-Qaeda" title="Category:Al-Qaeda">Category:Al-Qaeda</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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