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overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; -webkit-line-clamp: 3; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; }</style><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><div class="u-floatLeft"><h1 class="PageHeader-title u-m0x u-fs30">Fatigue crack growth</h1><div class="u-tcGrayDark">10,469 Followers</div><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-mt2x">Recent papers in <b>Fatigue crack growth</b></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="TabbedNavigation"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><ul class="nav u-m0x u-p0x list-inline u-displayFlex"><li class="active"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth">Top Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth/MostCited">Most Cited Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth/MostDownloaded">Most Downloaded Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth/MostRecent">Newest Papers</a></li><li><a class="" href="https://www.academia.edu/People/Fatigue_crack_growth">People</a></li></ul></div><style type="text/css">ul.nav{flex-direction:row}@media(max-width: 567px){ul.nav{flex-direction:column}.TabbedNavigation li{max-width:100%}.TabbedNavigation li.active{background-color:var(--background-grey, #dddde2)}.TabbedNavigation li.active:before,.TabbedNavigation li.active:after{display:none}}</style></div></div></div><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12"><div class="u-displayFlex"><div class="u-flexGrow1"><div class="works"><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_22461109" data-work_id="22461109" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/22461109/ON_THE_CALIBRATION_OPTIMIZATION_AND_USE_OF_d_c_ELECTRICAL_POTENTIAL_METHODS_FOR_MONITORING_MODE_III_CRACK_GROWTH_IN_TORSIONALLY_LOADED_SAMPLES">ON THE CALIBRATION, OPTIMIZATION AND USE OF d.c. ELECTRICAL POTENTIAL METHODS FOR MONITORING MODE III CRACK GROWTH IN TORSIONALLY-LOADED SAMPLES</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The use of d.c. electrical potential methods is described for the monitoring of Mode I11 (anti-plane shear) fatigue cracks in circumferentially-notched cylindrical specimens subjected to cyclic torsion. Calibration of potential change... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_22461109" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The use of d.c. electrical potential methods is described for the monitoring of Mode I11 (anti-plane shear) fatigue cracks in circumferentially-notched cylindrical specimens subjected to cyclic torsion. Calibration of potential change with crack depth and optimization of current input and potential measurement probe locations are achieved using simple finite element procedures, and are verified experimentally. The use of the method for Mode I11 crack growth studies is described in the light of crack face electrical shorting problems associated with torsional crack closure. c CO Z P 6 Nomenclature crack length emanating from notch root initial notch depth Mode 111 crack tip displacement Mode 111 fatigue crack propagation rate direct current Mode I stress intensity factor Mode I11 stress intensity range length of cylindrical test specimen number of cycles unit vector representing outward normal radius of test specimen cylindrical coordinates electrical potential function within test specimen electrical potential spanning notch with crack length c initial electrical potential spanning notch (with no crack) position of potential measurement probe slot width</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/22461109" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="556b81c81c6f6d107aa8aea8e1113bb6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":43079840,"asset_id":22461109,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43079840/download_file?st=MTczMzk2NjMxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33290957" href="https://berkeley.academia.edu/RRitchie">Robert O Ritchie</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33290957" type="text/json">{"id":33290957,"first_name":"Robert","last_name":"Ritchie","domain_name":"berkeley","page_name":"RRitchie","display_name":"Robert O Ritchie","profile_url":"https://berkeley.academia.edu/RRitchie?f_ri=32896","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/33290957/12598459/14015922/s65_robert.ritchie.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_22461109 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="22461109"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 22461109, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_22461109", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22461109]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_22461109").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_22461109").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="22461109"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="56" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering">Materials Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="56" type="text/json">{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering">Mechanical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="60" type="text/json">{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="73" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering">Civil Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="73" type="text/json">{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32896" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth">Fatigue crack growth</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="32896" type="text/json">{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=22461109]'), work: {"id":22461109,"title":"ON THE CALIBRATION, OPTIMIZATION AND USE OF d.c. ELECTRICAL POTENTIAL METHODS FOR MONITORING MODE III CRACK GROWTH IN TORSIONALLY-LOADED SAMPLES","created_at":"2016-02-25T20:05:29.335-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/22461109/ON_THE_CALIBRATION_OPTIMIZATION_AND_USE_OF_d_c_ELECTRICAL_POTENTIAL_METHODS_FOR_MONITORING_MODE_III_CRACK_GROWTH_IN_TORSIONALLY_LOADED_SAMPLES?f_ri=32896","dom_id":"work_22461109","summary":"The use of d.c. electrical potential methods is described for the monitoring of Mode I11 (anti-plane shear) fatigue cracks in circumferentially-notched cylindrical specimens subjected to cyclic torsion. Calibration of potential change with crack depth and optimization of current input and potential measurement probe locations are achieved using simple finite element procedures, and are verified experimentally. The use of the method for Mode I11 crack growth studies is described in the light of crack face electrical shorting problems associated with torsional crack closure. c CO Z P 6 Nomenclature crack length emanating from notch root initial notch depth Mode 111 crack tip displacement Mode 111 fatigue crack propagation rate direct current Mode I stress intensity factor Mode I11 stress intensity range length of cylindrical test specimen number of cycles unit vector representing outward normal radius of test specimen cylindrical coordinates electrical potential function within test specimen electrical potential spanning notch with crack length c initial electrical potential spanning notch (with no crack) position of potential measurement probe slot width","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":43079840,"asset_id":22461109,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":33290957,"first_name":"Robert","last_name":"Ritchie","domain_name":"berkeley","page_name":"RRitchie","display_name":"Robert O Ritchie","profile_url":"https://berkeley.academia.edu/RRitchie?f_ri=32896","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/33290957/12598459/14015922/s65_robert.ritchie.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_60650814" data-work_id="60650814" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/60650814/Effect_of_welding_nugget_diameter_on_the_fatigue_strength_of_the_resistance_spot_welded_joints_of_different_steel_sheets">Effect of welding nugget diameter on the fatigue strength of the resistance spot welded joints of different steel sheets</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This paper presents an experimental study on the fatigue strength of resistance spot welded galvanized steel sheets and austenitic stainless steel (AISI 304) sheets. The sheet materials were joined by using resistance spot welding as a... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_60650814" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This paper presents an experimental study on the fatigue strength of resistance spot welded galvanized steel sheets and austenitic stainless steel (AISI 304) sheets. The sheet materials were joined by using resistance spot welding as a lap joint. Material combination and nugget diameter were selected as experimental parameters. The high cycle fatigue tests were performed and S-N curves were obtained for each specimen. The results show that galvanized steel sheet combination has the highest fatigue limit. The sheet combination which has the minimum fatigue limit is galvanized-AISI 304 sheet combination. For austenitic stainless steel-galvanized steel sheet joint, the measurements of the nugget diameter and crack length were performed after fatigue tests. Crack growth rate of the spot welded galvanized-AISI 304 joining type is slower than that of base metals given in literature. C and m coefficients of Paris-Erdogan equation for spot welded AISI 304-galvanized steel sheet joints were obtained.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/60650814" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="50dca6d484980d5e14747e955f134460" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":73999032,"asset_id":60650814,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/73999032/download_file?st=MTczMzk2NjMxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="48550039" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BarlasEryurek">Barlas Eryurek</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="48550039" type="text/json">{"id":48550039,"first_name":"Barlas","last_name":"Eryurek","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"BarlasEryurek","display_name":"Barlas Eryurek","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/BarlasEryurek?f_ri=32896","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/48550039/17853839/17869485/s65_barlas.eryurek.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_60650814 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="60650814"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 60650814, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_60650814", }); 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The sheet materials were joined by using resistance spot welding as a lap joint. Material combination and nugget diameter were selected as experimental parameters. The high cycle fatigue tests were performed and S-N curves were obtained for each specimen. The results show that galvanized steel sheet combination has the highest fatigue limit. The sheet combination which has the minimum fatigue limit is galvanized-AISI 304 sheet combination. For austenitic stainless steel-galvanized steel sheet joint, the measurements of the nugget diameter and crack length were performed after fatigue tests. Crack growth rate of the spot welded galvanized-AISI 304 joining type is slower than that of base metals given in literature. C and m coefficients of Paris-Erdogan equation for spot welded AISI 304-galvanized steel sheet joints were obtained.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":73999032,"asset_id":60650814,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":48550039,"first_name":"Barlas","last_name":"Eryurek","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"BarlasEryurek","display_name":"Barlas Eryurek","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/BarlasEryurek?f_ri=32896","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/48550039/17853839/17869485/s65_barlas.eryurek.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":96825,"name":"Manufacturing Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Manufacturing_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":215075,"name":"Experimental Study","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Study?f_ri=32896"},{"id":249841,"name":"Resistance Spot Welding","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Resistance_Spot_Welding?f_ri=32896"},{"id":379199,"name":"Very High Cycle Fatigue","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Very_High_Cycle_Fatigue?f_ri=32896"},{"id":781046,"name":"Austenitic stainless steel","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Austenitic_stainless_steel?f_ri=32896"},{"id":1001792,"name":"Galvanized Steel","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Galvanized_Steel?f_ri=32896"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4555765" data-work_id="4555765" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4555765/Fatigue_crack_propagation_under_gaseous_hydrogen_in_a_precipitation_hardened_martensitic_stainless_steel">Fatigue crack propagation under gaseous hydrogen in a precipitation-hardened martensitic stainless steel</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">A v a i l a b l e a t w w w . s c i e n c e d i r e c t . c o m j o u r n a l h o m e p a g e : w w w . e l s e v i e r . c o m / l o c a t e / h e i n t e r n a t i o n a l j o u r n a l o f h y d r o g e n e n e r g y 3 6 ( 2 0 1 1 ) 8... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_4555765" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" 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Henaff","profile_url":"https://lias-lab.academia.edu/GilbertHenaff?f_ri=32896","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5693328/2471566/2871621/s65_gilbert.henaff.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":4107,"name":"High Pressure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Pressure?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":104345,"name":"Hydrogen Energy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hydrogen_Energy?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":128789,"name":"Stainless Steel","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stainless_Steel?f_ri=32896"},{"id":260118,"name":"CHEMICAL SCIENCES","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CHEMICAL_SCIENCES?f_ri=32896"},{"id":702286,"name":"Brittle Fracture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Brittle_Fracture?f_ri=32896"},{"id":1138738,"name":"Fatigue Crack Propagation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_Crack_Propagation?f_ri=32896"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_26435185" data-work_id="26435185" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/26435185/Thermo_mechanical_stress_fields_and_strain_energy_associated_with_a_mixed_mode_propagating_crack">Thermo-mechanical stress fields and strain energy associated with a mixed-mode propagating crack</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Thermo-mechanical stress field equations are developed for a mixed-mode crack propagating at constant velocity in homogeneous and isotropic materials using an asymptotic approach along with displacement potentials. Asymptotic temperature... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_26435185" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Thermo-mechanical stress field equations are developed for a mixed-mode crack propagating at constant velocity in homogeneous and isotropic materials using an asymptotic approach along with displacement potentials. Asymptotic temperature field equations are first developed for steady state temperature conditions using insulated crack-face boundary conditions. These temperature field equations are later used to derive the first three terms of thermo-mechanical stress field equations for a steady state propagating mixed-mode crack. Using these thermo-mechanical stress fields, various components of the stresses are developed, and the effects of temperature on these stress components are discussed. Further, strain energy density and the circumferential stress criteria are employed to study the effect of temperature and the crack-tip velocity on crack growth direction. A. Kidane (B)</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/26435185" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2351e3fe0a5ec9a11f48fd9c9bd58213" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":46731807,"asset_id":26435185,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/46731807/download_file?st=MTczMzk2NjMxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="50382255" href="https://sc.academia.edu/AddisKidane">Addis Kidane</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="50382255" type="text/json">{"id":50382255,"first_name":"Addis","last_name":"Kidane","domain_name":"sc","page_name":"AddisKidane","display_name":"Addis Kidane","profile_url":"https://sc.academia.edu/AddisKidane?f_ri=32896","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_26435185 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="26435185"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 26435185, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_26435185", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26435185]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_26435185").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_26435185").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="26435185"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="48" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering">Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="48" type="text/json">{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32896" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth">Fatigue crack growth</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="32896" type="text/json">{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="57538" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crack_propagation">Crack propagation</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="57538" type="text/json">{"id":57538,"name":"Crack propagation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crack_propagation?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="80414" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematical_Sciences">Mathematical Sciences</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="80414" type="text/json">{"id":80414,"name":"Mathematical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematical_Sciences?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=26435185]'), work: {"id":26435185,"title":"Thermo-mechanical stress fields and strain energy associated with a mixed-mode propagating crack","created_at":"2016-06-23T06:12:51.624-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/26435185/Thermo_mechanical_stress_fields_and_strain_energy_associated_with_a_mixed_mode_propagating_crack?f_ri=32896","dom_id":"work_26435185","summary":"Thermo-mechanical stress field equations are developed for a mixed-mode crack propagating at constant velocity in homogeneous and isotropic materials using an asymptotic approach along with displacement potentials. Asymptotic temperature field equations are first developed for steady state temperature conditions using insulated crack-face boundary conditions. These temperature field equations are later used to derive the first three terms of thermo-mechanical stress field equations for a steady state propagating mixed-mode crack. Using these thermo-mechanical stress fields, various components of the stresses are developed, and the effects of temperature on these stress components are discussed. Further, strain energy density and the circumferential stress criteria are employed to study the effect of temperature and the crack-tip velocity on crack growth direction. A. Kidane (B)","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":46731807,"asset_id":26435185,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":50382255,"first_name":"Addis","last_name":"Kidane","domain_name":"sc","page_name":"AddisKidane","display_name":"Addis Kidane","profile_url":"https://sc.academia.edu/AddisKidane?f_ri=32896","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":57538,"name":"Crack propagation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crack_propagation?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":80414,"name":"Mathematical Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mathematical_Sciences?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":134372,"name":"Mixed Mode","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mixed_Mode?f_ri=32896"},{"id":234860,"name":"Steady state","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Steady_state?f_ri=32896"},{"id":350931,"name":"Mechanical Stress","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Stress?f_ri=32896"},{"id":414321,"name":"Strain Energy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Strain_Energy?f_ri=32896"},{"id":465327,"name":"Finite Temperature Field Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Finite_Temperature_Field_Theory?f_ri=32896"},{"id":867022,"name":"Boundary Condition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Boundary_Condition?f_ri=32896"},{"id":2095437,"name":"Strain Energy Density","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Strain_Energy_Density?f_ri=32896"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_27694748" data-work_id="27694748" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/27694748/Effect_of_prolonged_isothermal_exposure_on_elevated_temperature_time_dependent_fatigue_crack_propagation_in_INCONEL_alloy_783">Effect of prolonged isothermal exposure on elevated-temperature, time-dependent fatigue-crack propagation in INCONEL alloy 783</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The effect of isothermal exposure on elevated-temperature time-dependent fatigue crack propagation (FCP) in INCONEL Ò alloy 783 is investigated. Commercially produced alloy 783 was annealed and aged following the standard heat treatment... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_27694748" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The effect of isothermal exposure on elevated-temperature time-dependent fatigue crack propagation (FCP) in INCONEL Ò alloy 783 is investigated. Commercially produced alloy 783 was annealed and aged following the standard heat treatment procedure. One set of specimens was then isothermally exposed at 500°C for 3000 hours. Both set of specimens were subjected to FCP tests with various hold time periods and sustained loading crack growth tests at 538°C and 650°C in laboratory air environment. Without hold time, as produced and isothermally exposed materials had comparable fatigue crack growth rates (FCGR) at both test temperatures. With hold times of 100s and 300s, as-produced and isothermally exposed specimens had comparable FCPR at 538°C. Hold time testing of as-produced material at 650°C showed abnormal time-dependent FCP and sustained loading crack growth retardation. However, hold time testing of isothermally exposed material at 650°C showed steady sustained loading crack growth and full time-dependent FCP typically observed in many superalloys. Comparison with alloy 718 data from the literature shows that FCP rates of as-produced alloy 718 and isothermally exposed alloy 783 are comparable at 650°C. A full time-dependent FCP model based on the damage zone concept and thermal activation equation is proposed to characterize the fatigue crack growth behaviors.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/27694748" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="38f18e562545e7c809b7d15caadccda4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47960834,"asset_id":27694748,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47960834/download_file?st=MTczMzk2NjMxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="51932078" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LongzhouMa">Longzhou Ma</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="51932078" type="text/json">{"id":51932078,"first_name":"Longzhou","last_name":"Ma","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"LongzhouMa","display_name":"Longzhou Ma","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LongzhouMa?f_ri=32896","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_27694748 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="27694748"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 27694748, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_27694748", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=27694748]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_27694748").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_27694748").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="27694748"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">14</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="56" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering">Materials Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="56" type="text/json">{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering">Mechanical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="60" type="text/json">{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2161" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microstructure">Microstructure</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2161" type="text/json">{"id":2161,"name":"Microstructure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microstructure?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10655" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scanning_Electron_Microscopy">Scanning Electron Microscopy</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="10655" type="text/json">{"id":10655,"name":"Scanning Electron Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scanning_Electron_Microscopy?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=27694748]'), work: {"id":27694748,"title":"Effect of prolonged isothermal exposure on elevated-temperature, time-dependent fatigue-crack propagation in INCONEL alloy 783","created_at":"2016-08-10T19:38:03.949-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/27694748/Effect_of_prolonged_isothermal_exposure_on_elevated_temperature_time_dependent_fatigue_crack_propagation_in_INCONEL_alloy_783?f_ri=32896","dom_id":"work_27694748","summary":"The effect of isothermal exposure on elevated-temperature time-dependent fatigue crack propagation (FCP) in INCONEL Ò alloy 783 is investigated. Commercially produced alloy 783 was annealed and aged following the standard heat treatment procedure. One set of specimens was then isothermally exposed at 500°C for 3000 hours. Both set of specimens were subjected to FCP tests with various hold time periods and sustained loading crack growth tests at 538°C and 650°C in laboratory air environment. Without hold time, as produced and isothermally exposed materials had comparable fatigue crack growth rates (FCGR) at both test temperatures. With hold times of 100s and 300s, as-produced and isothermally exposed specimens had comparable FCPR at 538°C. Hold time testing of as-produced material at 650°C showed abnormal time-dependent FCP and sustained loading crack growth retardation. However, hold time testing of isothermally exposed material at 650°C showed steady sustained loading crack growth and full time-dependent FCP typically observed in many superalloys. Comparison with alloy 718 data from the literature shows that FCP rates of as-produced alloy 718 and isothermally exposed alloy 783 are comparable at 650°C. A full time-dependent FCP model based on the damage zone concept and thermal activation equation is proposed to characterize the fatigue crack growth behaviors.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47960834,"asset_id":27694748,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":51932078,"first_name":"Longzhou","last_name":"Ma","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"LongzhouMa","display_name":"Longzhou Ma","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LongzhouMa?f_ri=32896","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":2161,"name":"Microstructure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microstructure?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":10655,"name":"Scanning Electron Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scanning_Electron_Microscopy?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":14925,"name":"Heat Treatment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Treatment?f_ri=32896"},{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896"},{"id":57538,"name":"Crack propagation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crack_propagation?f_ri=32896"},{"id":200886,"name":"Metallurgical and Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Metallurgical_and_Materials_Engineering?f_ri=32896"},{"id":227283,"name":"Cracking","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cracking?f_ri=32896"},{"id":394477,"name":"Time Dependent","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Time_Dependent?f_ri=32896"},{"id":745537,"name":"Thermal Activation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Activation?f_ri=32896"},{"id":1068737,"name":"Elevated Temperature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Elevated_Temperature?f_ri=32896"},{"id":1138738,"name":"Fatigue Crack Propagation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_Crack_Propagation?f_ri=32896"},{"id":1312014,"name":"Heat Treatments","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Treatments?f_ri=32896"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_10166283" data-work_id="10166283" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10166283/Three_Dimensional_Experimental_and_Numerical_Sifs_and_Crack_Growth">Three-Dimensional Experimental and Numerical Sifs and Crack Growth</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The desire to establish a three-dimensional framework for use in analyzing problems of stable mixed-mode crack propagation has received lately a considerable attention. The study of predicting crack paths under the most general possible... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_10166283" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The desire to establish a three-dimensional framework for use in analyzing problems of stable mixed-mode crack propagation has received lately a considerable attention. The study of predicting crack paths under the most general possible hypotheses (three dimensions, arbitrary geometry of the body and of the crack, arbitrary loading) is an ambitious objective. Recently, Leblond [1] and Leblond et al. [2] established formulae which specify the general functional form of the successive terms of the expansions of the SIFs along the front of the extended crack and, as they underline, the formulation of the propagation criterion is an open problem only in the presence of mode III. Therefore, in a mode I+II situation, the widely accepted “principle of local symmetry” of Goldstein and Salganik [3] receives a general recognition. In numerical experiments the FRANC3D code uses new concepts with a model that allows for the implementation of 3D crack growth mechanics [4] with the support of both finite and boundary elements. Keeping in mind such beneficial developments, one should emphasize that for a specific geometry and loading we may obtain various experimental crack paths which are dependent on the local position of the initial crack, as any deviation from “symmetry” influences the future crack trajector</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/10166283" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="bcaa718dbc2218b6418956327c040a54" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47499278,"asset_id":10166283,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47499278/download_file?st=MTczMzk2NjMxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="24828623" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DanConstantinescu2">Dan Constantinescu</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="24828623" type="text/json">{"id":24828623,"first_name":"Dan","last_name":"Constantinescu","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DanConstantinescu2","display_name":"Dan Constantinescu","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DanConstantinescu2?f_ri=32896","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_10166283 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="10166283"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 10166283, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_10166283", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_10166283 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 10166283; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_10166283"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_10166283 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="10166283"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 10166283; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=10166283]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_10166283").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_10166283").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="10166283"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="22062" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Boundary_Element_Methods">Boundary Element Methods</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="22062" type="text/json">{"id":22062,"name":"Boundary Element Methods","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Boundary_Element_Methods?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32896" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth">Fatigue crack growth</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="32896" type="text/json">{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="57538" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crack_propagation">Crack propagation</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="57538" type="text/json">{"id":57538,"name":"Crack propagation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crack_propagation?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="67937" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fracture_at_Nano_Scale">Fracture at Nano Scale</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="67937" type="text/json">{"id":67937,"name":"Fracture at Nano Scale","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fracture_at_Nano_Scale?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=10166283]'), work: {"id":10166283,"title":"Three-Dimensional Experimental and Numerical Sifs and Crack Growth","created_at":"2015-01-14T12:43:34.304-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/10166283/Three_Dimensional_Experimental_and_Numerical_Sifs_and_Crack_Growth?f_ri=32896","dom_id":"work_10166283","summary":"The desire to establish a three-dimensional framework for use in analyzing problems of stable mixed-mode crack propagation has received lately a considerable attention. The study of predicting crack paths under the most general possible hypotheses (three dimensions, arbitrary geometry of the body and of the crack, arbitrary loading) is an ambitious objective. Recently, Leblond [1] and Leblond et al. [2] established formulae which specify the general functional form of the successive terms of the expansions of the SIFs along the front of the extended crack and, as they underline, the formulation of the propagation criterion is an open problem only in the presence of mode III. Therefore, in a mode I+II situation, the widely accepted “principle of local symmetry” of Goldstein and Salganik [3] receives a general recognition. In numerical experiments the FRANC3D code uses new concepts with a model that allows for the implementation of 3D crack growth mechanics [4] with the support of both finite and boundary elements. Keeping in mind such beneficial developments, one should emphasize that for a specific geometry and loading we may obtain various experimental crack paths which are dependent on the local position of the initial crack, as any deviation from “symmetry” influences the future crack trajector","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47499278,"asset_id":10166283,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":24828623,"first_name":"Dan","last_name":"Constantinescu","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DanConstantinescu2","display_name":"Dan Constantinescu","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DanConstantinescu2?f_ri=32896","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":22062,"name":"Boundary Element Methods","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Boundary_Element_Methods?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":57538,"name":"Crack propagation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crack_propagation?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":67937,"name":"Fracture at Nano Scale","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fracture_at_Nano_Scale?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":134372,"name":"Mixed Mode","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mixed_Mode?f_ri=32896"},{"id":504035,"name":"Three Dimensional","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Three_Dimensional?f_ri=32896"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_75208197" data-work_id="75208197" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/75208197/Fatigue_crack_growth_of_Al_5083_H111_subjected_to_mixed_mode_loading">Fatigue crack growth of Al 5083-H111 subjected to mixed-mode loading</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Fatigue is a major cause of failure in several industries, and in many practical cases, local mixed-mode conditions prevail at the crack front. The effect of plane mode mixity on the crack growth rate and crack growth direction has been... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_75208197" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Fatigue is a major cause of failure in several industries, and in many practical cases, local mixed-mode conditions prevail at the crack front. The effect of plane mode mixity on the crack growth rate and crack growth direction has been investigated. Fatigue crack growth experiments have been conducted on aluminum alloy Al5083-H111 for several mode mixities. A fixture was manufactured in order to apply the different combinations of mode I and II by changing loading angle. Afterward, threedimensional simulations have been implemented using the Zencrack software. Based on numerical simulations, new relations are proposed to estimate stress intensity factors for compact tension shear geometry by modifying Richard's equations [1].</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/75208197" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0254da08ac862ec03b43bba03d850336" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":83070158,"asset_id":75208197,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/83070158/download_file?st=MTczMzk2NjMxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="133543582" href="https://independent.academia.edu/CalvinRans">Calvin Rans</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="133543582" type="text/json">{"id":133543582,"first_name":"Calvin","last_name":"Rans","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"CalvinRans","display_name":"Calvin Rans","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/CalvinRans?f_ri=32896","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/133543582/85703403/74356280/s65_calvin.rans.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_75208197 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="75208197"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 75208197, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_75208197", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_75208197 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75208197; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_75208197"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_75208197 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="75208197"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75208197; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=75208197]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_75208197").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_75208197").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="75208197"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="511" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Science">Materials Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="511" type="text/json">{"id":511,"name":"Materials Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Science?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23076" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue">Fatigue</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="23076" type="text/json">{"id":23076,"name":"Fatigue","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32896" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth">Fatigue crack growth</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="32896" type="text/json">{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="197703" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stress_Intensity_Factor">Stress Intensity Factor</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="197703" type="text/json">{"id":197703,"name":"Stress Intensity Factor","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stress_Intensity_Factor?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=75208197]'), work: {"id":75208197,"title":"Fatigue crack growth of Al 5083-H111 subjected to mixed-mode loading","created_at":"2022-04-02T01:05:16.957-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/75208197/Fatigue_crack_growth_of_Al_5083_H111_subjected_to_mixed_mode_loading?f_ri=32896","dom_id":"work_75208197","summary":"Fatigue is a major cause of failure in several industries, and in many practical cases, local mixed-mode conditions prevail at the crack front. The effect of plane mode mixity on the crack growth rate and crack growth direction has been investigated. Fatigue crack growth experiments have been conducted on aluminum alloy Al5083-H111 for several mode mixities. A fixture was manufactured in order to apply the different combinations of mode I and II by changing loading angle. Afterward, threedimensional simulations have been implemented using the Zencrack software. Based on numerical simulations, new relations are proposed to estimate stress intensity factors for compact tension shear geometry by modifying Richard's equations [1].","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":83070158,"asset_id":75208197,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":133543582,"first_name":"Calvin","last_name":"Rans","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"CalvinRans","display_name":"Calvin Rans","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/CalvinRans?f_ri=32896","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/133543582/85703403/74356280/s65_calvin.rans.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":511,"name":"Materials Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Science?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":23076,"name":"Fatigue","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":197703,"name":"Stress Intensity Factor","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stress_Intensity_Factor?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":2328943,"name":"Mixed Mode Loading","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mixed_Mode_Loading?f_ri=32896"},{"id":3991335,"name":"Zencrack","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zencrack?f_ri=32896"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_14229778" data-work_id="14229778" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/14229778/Fatigue_crack_propagation_in_aluminum_lithium_alloy_2090_Part_I_long_crack_behavior">Fatigue crack propagation in aluminum- lithium alloy 2090: Part I. long crack behavior</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">A study has been made of the mechanics and mechanisms of fatigue crack propagation in a commercial plate of aluminum-lithium alloy 2090-T8E41. In Part II, the crack growth behavior of naturallyoccurring, microstructurally-smaU (2 to... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_14229778" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">A study has been made of the mechanics and mechanisms of fatigue crack propagation in a commercial plate of aluminum-lithium alloy 2090-T8E41. In Part II, the crack growth behavior of naturallyoccurring, microstructurally-smaU (2 to 1000/xm) surface cracks is examined as a function of plate orientation, and results compared with those determined in Part I on conventional long (~>5 mm) crack samples. It is found that the near-threshold growth rates of small cracks are between 1 to 3 orders of magnitude faster than those for long cracks, subjected to the same nominal stress intensity ranges (at a load ratio of 0.1). Moreover, the small cracks show no evidence of an intrinsic threshold and propagate at AK levels as low as 0.7 MPa~mm, far below the long crack threshold AKrH. Their behavior is also relatively independent of orientation. Such accelerated small crack behavior is attributed primarily to restrictions in the development of crack tip shielding (principally from roughness-induced crack closure) with cracks of limited wake. This notion is supported by the close correspondence of small crack results with long crack growth rates plotted in terms of AKcff (i.e., after allowing for closure above the effective long crack threshold). Additional factors, including the different statistical sampling effect of large and small cracks with microstructural features, are briefly discussed.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/14229778" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ca5d9fe509b417cd4c63a0289e221e87" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":44431431,"asset_id":14229778,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44431431/download_file?st=MTczMzk2NjMxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33205941" href="https://berkeley.academia.edu/RobertRitchie">Robert Ritchie</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33205941" type="text/json">{"id":33205941,"first_name":"Robert","last_name":"Ritchie","domain_name":"berkeley","page_name":"RobertRitchie","display_name":"Robert Ritchie","profile_url":"https://berkeley.academia.edu/RobertRitchie?f_ri=32896","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/33205941/9849868/10978373/s65_robert.ritchie.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_14229778 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="14229778"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 14229778, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_14229778", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14229778]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_14229778").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_14229778").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="14229778"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="56" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering">Materials Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="56" type="text/json">{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering">Mechanical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="60" type="text/json">{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32896" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth">Fatigue crack growth</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="32896" type="text/json">{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="533274" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Growth_rate">Growth rate</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="533274" type="text/json">{"id":533274,"name":"Growth rate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Growth_rate?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=14229778]'), work: {"id":14229778,"title":"Fatigue crack propagation in aluminum- lithium alloy 2090: Part I. long crack behavior","created_at":"2015-07-20T14:02:35.330-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/14229778/Fatigue_crack_propagation_in_aluminum_lithium_alloy_2090_Part_I_long_crack_behavior?f_ri=32896","dom_id":"work_14229778","summary":"A study has been made of the mechanics and mechanisms of fatigue crack propagation in a commercial plate of aluminum-lithium alloy 2090-T8E41. In Part II, the crack growth behavior of naturallyoccurring, microstructurally-smaU (2 to 1000/xm) surface cracks is examined as a function of plate orientation, and results compared with those determined in Part I on conventional long (~\u003e5 mm) crack samples. It is found that the near-threshold growth rates of small cracks are between 1 to 3 orders of magnitude faster than those for long cracks, subjected to the same nominal stress intensity ranges (at a load ratio of 0.1). Moreover, the small cracks show no evidence of an intrinsic threshold and propagate at AK levels as low as 0.7 MPa~mm, far below the long crack threshold AKrH. Their behavior is also relatively independent of orientation. Such accelerated small crack behavior is attributed primarily to restrictions in the development of crack tip shielding (principally from roughness-induced crack closure) with cracks of limited wake. This notion is supported by the close correspondence of small crack results with long crack growth rates plotted in terms of AKcff (i.e., after allowing for closure above the effective long crack threshold). Additional factors, including the different statistical sampling effect of large and small cracks with microstructural features, are briefly discussed.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":44431431,"asset_id":14229778,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":33205941,"first_name":"Robert","last_name":"Ritchie","domain_name":"berkeley","page_name":"RobertRitchie","display_name":"Robert Ritchie","profile_url":"https://berkeley.academia.edu/RobertRitchie?f_ri=32896","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/33205941/9849868/10978373/s65_robert.ritchie.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":533274,"name":"Growth rate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Growth_rate?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":975772,"name":"Aluminum Alloy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aluminum_Alloy?f_ri=32896"},{"id":1138738,"name":"Fatigue Crack Propagation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_Crack_Propagation?f_ri=32896"},{"id":2419096,"name":"Driving force","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Driving_force?f_ri=32896"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_70613573" data-work_id="70613573" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/70613573/A_combined_stress_based_and_fracture_mechanics_based_model_for_predicting_delamination_in_composites">A combined stress-based and fracture-mechanics-based model for predicting delamination in composites</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/70613573" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="107976119" href="https://independent.academia.edu/WeichengCui">Weicheng Cui</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="107976119" type="text/json">{"id":107976119,"first_name":"Weicheng","last_name":"Cui","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"WeichengCui","display_name":"Weicheng Cui","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/WeichengCui?f_ri=32896","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_70613573 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="70613573"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 70613573, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_70613573", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_70613573 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70613573; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_70613573"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_70613573 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="70613573"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 70613573; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=70613573]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_70613573").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_70613573").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="70613573"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="511" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Science">Materials Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="511" type="text/json">{"id":511,"name":"Materials Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Science?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4496" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Composites">Composites</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4496" type="text/json">{"id":4496,"name":"Composites","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Composites?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6177" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modeling">Modeling</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6177" type="text/json">{"id":6177,"name":"Modeling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modeling?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12147" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Finite_element_method">Finite element method</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="12147" type="text/json">{"id":12147,"name":"Finite element method","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Finite_element_method?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=70613573]'), work: {"id":70613573,"title":"A combined stress-based and fracture-mechanics-based model for predicting delamination in composites","created_at":"2022-02-05T16:41:37.377-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/70613573/A_combined_stress_based_and_fracture_mechanics_based_model_for_predicting_delamination_in_composites?f_ri=32896","dom_id":"work_70613573","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[],"ordered_authors":[{"id":107976119,"first_name":"Weicheng","last_name":"Cui","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"WeichengCui","display_name":"Weicheng Cui","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/WeichengCui?f_ri=32896","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":511,"name":"Materials Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Science?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":4496,"name":"Composites","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Composites?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":6177,"name":"Modeling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modeling?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":12147,"name":"Finite element method","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Finite_element_method?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":23047,"name":"Fracture Mechanics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fracture_Mechanics?f_ri=32896"},{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896"},{"id":61122,"name":"Stress analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stress_analysis?f_ri=32896"},{"id":166454,"name":"Delamination","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Delamination?f_ri=32896"},{"id":169323,"name":"Composite Material","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Composite_Material?f_ri=32896"},{"id":412021,"name":"Fracture Mechanic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fracture_Mechanic?f_ri=32896"},{"id":632961,"name":"Stress Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stress_Analysis-1?f_ri=32896"},{"id":870786,"name":"Computational Grid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computational_Grid?f_ri=32896"},{"id":1330651,"name":"Bending Test","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bending_Test?f_ri=32896"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_61691033" data-work_id="61691033" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/61691033/Structure_Integrity_of_Pressure_Vesels_Repair_Welding_Joints">Structure Integrity of Pressure Vesels Repair Welding Joints</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Vertical cylindrical vessel-chambers as a part of coal — drying plants, whose purpose is to collect wastewater, are supported at 3 points in upper dish head area and are made of fine-grained Mn steel plates, joined by welding. Significant... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_61691033" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Vertical cylindrical vessel-chambers as a part of coal — drying plants, whose purpose is to collect wastewater, are supported at 3 points in upper dish head area and are made of fine-grained Mn steel plates, joined by welding. Significant thinning and leaking in upper dish head area of the vessel occurred due to original design provoking an intensive abrasion, cracking and rupture. After reconstruction, in the upper zone of cylindrical shell, two new joints were made in sity by manual arc welding, with subsequent, local post-weld heat treatment. However, cracks appeared firstly in new welded zones in radial and axial joints, and then in zones of openings. Later, the similar failure features began to appear in the area of original welded joints. All of these cracks were repaired by properly specified technology. Unfortunately, after some period of exploitation the initiation of new cracks was observed, at first by the visual inspection. This problem was detected in the repaired areas...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/61691033" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8657301ad462f67e3bbafe6a16f9bb78" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":74663185,"asset_id":61691033,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74663185/download_file?st=MTczMzk2NjMxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33664690" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GordanaBakic">Gordana Bakic</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33664690" type="text/json">{"id":33664690,"first_name":"Gordana","last_name":"Bakic","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GordanaBakic","display_name":"Gordana Bakic","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GordanaBakic?f_ri=32896","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_61691033 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="61691033"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 61691033, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_61691033", }); 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Significant thinning and leaking in upper dish head area of the vessel occurred due to original design provoking an intensive abrasion, cracking and rupture. After reconstruction, in the upper zone of cylindrical shell, two new joints were made in sity by manual arc welding, with subsequent, local post-weld heat treatment. However, cracks appeared firstly in new welded zones in radial and axial joints, and then in zones of openings. Later, the similar failure features began to appear in the area of original welded joints. All of these cracks were repaired by properly specified technology. Unfortunately, after some period of exploitation the initiation of new cracks was observed, at first by the visual inspection. This problem was detected in the repaired areas...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":74663185,"asset_id":61691033,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":33664690,"first_name":"Gordana","last_name":"Bakic","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GordanaBakic","display_name":"Gordana Bakic","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GordanaBakic?f_ri=32896","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":511,"name":"Materials Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Science?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":2377,"name":"Finite Element Methods","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Finite_Element_Methods?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":6309,"name":"Metallurgy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Metallurgy?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":14925,"name":"Heat Treatment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Treatment?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896"},{"id":34379,"name":"Power Plant Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Power_Plant_Engineering?f_ri=32896"},{"id":36829,"name":"Metallurgical Failure Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Metallurgical_Failure_Analysis?f_ri=32896"},{"id":41009,"name":"Non Destructive Testing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Non_Destructive_Testing?f_ri=32896"},{"id":41340,"name":"Heat treatment of metals and alloys","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_treatment_of_metals_and_alloys?f_ri=32896"},{"id":45676,"name":"Failure Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Failure_Analysis?f_ri=32896"},{"id":57538,"name":"Crack propagation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crack_propagation?f_ri=32896"},{"id":73864,"name":"Boiler Tube Failure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Boiler_Tube_Failure?f_ri=32896"},{"id":79418,"name":"Maintenance Engineering and Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Maintenance_Engineering_and_Management?f_ri=32896"},{"id":87372,"name":"Maintenance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Maintenance?f_ri=32896"},{"id":198926,"name":"Abrasion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abrasion?f_ri=32896"},{"id":199195,"name":"Power Plants","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Power_Plants?f_ri=32896"},{"id":248621,"name":"Materials Characterization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Characterization?f_ri=32896"},{"id":474503,"name":"Pressure Vessel Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pressure_Vessel_Design?f_ri=32896"},{"id":832539,"name":"Penetration Depth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Penetration_Depth?f_ri=32896"},{"id":2008539,"name":"Post Weld Heat Treatment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Post_Weld_Heat_Treatment?f_ri=32896"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_51719447" data-work_id="51719447" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/51719447/Onset_of_multiple_site_damage_and_widespread_fatigue_damage_in_aging_airplanes">Onset of multiple site damage and widespread fatigue damage in aging airplanes</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This paper presents a methodology for predicting the thresholds of multiple site damage and widespread fatigue damage in fuselage lap slices. Widespread fatigue damage is a type of multiple cracking that reduces the airframe residual... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_51719447" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This paper presents a methodology for predicting the thresholds of multiple site damage and widespread fatigue damage in fuselage lap slices. Widespread fatigue damage is a type of multiple cracking that reduces the airframe residual strength to a level below the damage tolerant requirement. The MSD threshold refers to the point in the lifetime of an airplane when two adjacent</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/51719447" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3b77c2be5f38425966aadd0408bb7980" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":69318844,"asset_id":51719447,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/69318844/download_file?st=MTczMzk2NjMxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="155019552" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DavidJeong17">David Jeong</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="155019552" type="text/json">{"id":155019552,"first_name":"David","last_name":"Jeong","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DavidJeong17","display_name":"David Jeong","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DavidJeong17?f_ri=32896","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_51719447 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="51719447"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 51719447, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_51719447", }); 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Widespread fatigue damage is a type of multiple cracking that reduces the airframe residual strength to a level below the damage tolerant requirement. The MSD threshold refers to the point in the lifetime of an airplane when two adjacent","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":69318844,"asset_id":51719447,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":155019552,"first_name":"David","last_name":"Jeong","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DavidJeong17","display_name":"David Jeong","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DavidJeong17?f_ri=32896","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":6637,"name":"Fracture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fracture?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896"},{"id":131994,"name":"Laboratory experiment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laboratory_experiment?f_ri=32896"},{"id":439776,"name":"Residual Strength","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Residual_Strength?f_ri=32896"},{"id":1126469,"name":"Damage Tolerance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Damage_Tolerance?f_ri=32896"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_50480168" data-work_id="50480168" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/50480168/A_complete_GTN_model_for_prediction_of_ductile_failure_of_pipe">A complete GTN model for prediction of ductile failure of pipe</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/50480168" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7f613a5d7116e7eccb311f6a55ba9de4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":68450927,"asset_id":50480168,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/68450927/download_file?st=MTczMzk2NjMxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="14754845" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SanjibAcharyya">Sanjib Acharyya</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="14754845" type="text/json">{"id":14754845,"first_name":"Sanjib","last_name":"Acharyya","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SanjibAcharyya","display_name":"Sanjib Acharyya","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SanjibAcharyya?f_ri=32896","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/14754845/4020125/4693125/s65_sanjib.acharyya.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_50480168 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="50480168"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 50480168, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_50480168", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=50480168]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_50480168").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_50480168").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="50480168"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="48" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering">Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="48" type="text/json">{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="511" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Science">Materials Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="511" type="text/json">{"id":511,"name":"Materials Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Science?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23042" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Finite_Element">Finite Element</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="23042" type="text/json">{"id":23042,"name":"Finite Element","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Finite_Element?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32896" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth">Fatigue crack growth</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="32896" type="text/json">{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=50480168]'), work: {"id":50480168,"title":"A complete GTN model for prediction of ductile failure of pipe","created_at":"2021-07-31T22:56:52.127-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/50480168/A_complete_GTN_model_for_prediction_of_ductile_failure_of_pipe?f_ri=32896","dom_id":"work_50480168","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":68450927,"asset_id":50480168,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":14754845,"first_name":"Sanjib","last_name":"Acharyya","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SanjibAcharyya","display_name":"Sanjib Acharyya","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SanjibAcharyya?f_ri=32896","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/14754845/4020125/4693125/s65_sanjib.acharyya.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":511,"name":"Materials Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Science?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":23042,"name":"Finite Element","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Finite_Element?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":159943,"name":"Nucleation and Growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nucleation_and_Growth?f_ri=32896"},{"id":260118,"name":"CHEMICAL SCIENCES","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CHEMICAL_SCIENCES?f_ri=32896"},{"id":1001094,"name":"Material Properties","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Material_Properties?f_ri=32896"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_46995077" data-work_id="46995077" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/46995077/On_the_relationship_between_disbond_growth_and_the_release_of_strain_energy">On the relationship between disbond growth and the release of strain energy</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Current prediction methods for growth of disbonds under fatigue loading are generally based on a correlation with either the maximum strain energy release rate (SERR) or the SERR range. This paper highlights some issues with this... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_46995077" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Current prediction methods for growth of disbonds under fatigue loading are generally based on a correlation with either the maximum strain energy release rate (SERR) or the SERR range. This paper highlights some issues with this approach. In particular, it is argued that the maximum SERR or the SERR range alone do not give sufficient information to uniquely characterize the driving force for crack growth. Furthermore it is argued that the relationship between crack growth rate and loss of strain energy should be considered on the scale of the entire load cycle. By means of disbond growth experiments it is shown that there is indeed a very strong correlation between the crack growth rate and the strain energy lost during a fatigue cycle. Unlike methods based on the SERR, this correlation is not affected by the R-ratio. Based on the found correlation a possible basis for a new approach to disbond growth prediction is suggested.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/46995077" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="97b8b8e2569363b7d895a5578c01eefa" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":66326811,"asset_id":46995077,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66326811/download_file?st=MTczMzk2NjMxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="45373240" href="https://serenestylus.academia.edu/RAlderliesten">R. Alderliesten</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="45373240" type="text/json">{"id":45373240,"first_name":"R.","last_name":"Alderliesten","domain_name":"serenestylus","page_name":"RAlderliesten","display_name":"R. Alderliesten","profile_url":"https://serenestylus.academia.edu/RAlderliesten?f_ri=32896","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_46995077 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="46995077"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 46995077, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_46995077", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_46995077 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 46995077; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_46995077"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_46995077 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="46995077"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 46995077; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=46995077]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_46995077").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_46995077").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="46995077"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13960" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanics_of_Fracture_and_damage">Mechanics of Fracture and damage</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="13960" type="text/json">{"id":13960,"name":"Mechanics of Fracture and damage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanics_of_Fracture_and_damage?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23047" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fracture_Mechanics">Fracture Mechanics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="23047" type="text/json">{"id":23047,"name":"Fracture Mechanics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fracture_Mechanics?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="28235" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary">Multidisciplinary</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="28235" type="text/json">{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32896" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth">Fatigue crack growth</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="32896" type="text/json">{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=46995077]'), work: {"id":46995077,"title":"On the relationship between disbond growth and the release of strain energy","created_at":"2021-04-20T08:36:08.516-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/46995077/On_the_relationship_between_disbond_growth_and_the_release_of_strain_energy?f_ri=32896","dom_id":"work_46995077","summary":"Current prediction methods for growth of disbonds under fatigue loading are generally based on a correlation with either the maximum strain energy release rate (SERR) or the SERR range. This paper highlights some issues with this approach. In particular, it is argued that the maximum SERR or the SERR range alone do not give sufficient information to uniquely characterize the driving force for crack growth. Furthermore it is argued that the relationship between crack growth rate and loss of strain energy should be considered on the scale of the entire load cycle. By means of disbond growth experiments it is shown that there is indeed a very strong correlation between the crack growth rate and the strain energy lost during a fatigue cycle. Unlike methods based on the SERR, this correlation is not affected by the R-ratio. Based on the found correlation a possible basis for a new approach to disbond growth prediction is suggested.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":66326811,"asset_id":46995077,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":45373240,"first_name":"R.","last_name":"Alderliesten","domain_name":"serenestylus","page_name":"RAlderliesten","display_name":"R. Alderliesten","profile_url":"https://serenestylus.academia.edu/RAlderliesten?f_ri=32896","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":13960,"name":"Mechanics of Fracture and damage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanics_of_Fracture_and_damage?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":23047,"name":"Fracture Mechanics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fracture_Mechanics?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":360185,"name":"Adhesively Bonded Joints","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adhesively_Bonded_Joints?f_ri=32896"},{"id":994014,"name":"Adhesive Bonding","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adhesive_Bonding?f_ri=32896"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_18686923" data-work_id="18686923" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/18686923/Weld_residual_stress_effects_on_fatigue_crack_growth_behaviour_of_aluminium_alloy_2024_T351">Weld residual stress effects on fatigue crack growth behaviour of aluminium alloy 2024-T351</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The interaction between residual stress and fatigue crack growth rate has been investigated in middle tension and compact tension specimens machined from a variable polarity plasma arc welded aluminium alloy 2024-T3 plate. The specimens... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_18686923" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The interaction between residual stress and fatigue crack growth rate has been investigated in middle tension and compact tension specimens machined from a variable polarity plasma arc welded aluminium alloy 2024-T3 plate. The specimens were tested at three levels of applied constant stress intensity factor range. Crack closure was continuously monitored using an eddy current transducer and the residual stresses were measured with neutron diffraction. The effect of the residual stresses on the fatigue crack behaviour was modelled for both specimen geometries using two approaches: a crack closure approach where the effective stress intensity factor was computed; and a residual stress approach where the effect of the residual stresses on the stress ratio was considered. Good correlation between the experimental results and the predictions were found for the effective stress intensity factor approach at a high stress intensity factor range whereas the residual stress approach yielded good predictions at low and moderate stress intensity factor ranges . In particular, the residual stresses accelerated the fatigue crack growth rate in the middle tension specimen whereas they decelerated the growth rate in the compact tension sample, demonstrating the importance of accurately evaluating the residual stresses in welded specimens which will be used to produce damage tolerance design data.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/18686923" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f4043344e22dc94c22a68b3ddb05e9cb" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":40200373,"asset_id":18686923,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40200373/download_file?st=MTczMzk2NjMxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32695845" href="https://coventry.academia.edu/MichaelFitzpatrick">Michael Fitzpatrick</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32695845" type="text/json">{"id":32695845,"first_name":"Michael","last_name":"Fitzpatrick","domain_name":"coventry","page_name":"MichaelFitzpatrick","display_name":"Michael Fitzpatrick","profile_url":"https://coventry.academia.edu/MichaelFitzpatrick?f_ri=32896","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_18686923 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="18686923"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 18686923, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_18686923", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_18686923 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18686923; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_18686923"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_18686923 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="18686923"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 18686923; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=18686923]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_18686923").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_18686923").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="18686923"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering">Mechanical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="60" type="text/json">{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="73" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering">Civil Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="73" type="text/json">{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21553" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neutron_Diffraction">Neutron Diffraction</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="21553" type="text/json">{"id":21553,"name":"Neutron Diffraction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neutron_Diffraction?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23076" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue">Fatigue</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="23076" type="text/json">{"id":23076,"name":"Fatigue","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=18686923]'), work: {"id":18686923,"title":"Weld residual stress effects on fatigue crack growth behaviour of aluminium alloy 2024-T351","created_at":"2015-11-20T01:35:45.932-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/18686923/Weld_residual_stress_effects_on_fatigue_crack_growth_behaviour_of_aluminium_alloy_2024_T351?f_ri=32896","dom_id":"work_18686923","summary":"The interaction between residual stress and fatigue crack growth rate has been investigated in middle tension and compact tension specimens machined from a variable polarity plasma arc welded aluminium alloy 2024-T3 plate. The specimens were tested at three levels of applied constant stress intensity factor range. Crack closure was continuously monitored using an eddy current transducer and the residual stresses were measured with neutron diffraction. The effect of the residual stresses on the fatigue crack behaviour was modelled for both specimen geometries using two approaches: a crack closure approach where the effective stress intensity factor was computed; and a residual stress approach where the effect of the residual stresses on the stress ratio was considered. Good correlation between the experimental results and the predictions were found for the effective stress intensity factor approach at a high stress intensity factor range whereas the residual stress approach yielded good predictions at low and moderate stress intensity factor ranges . In particular, the residual stresses accelerated the fatigue crack growth rate in the middle tension specimen whereas they decelerated the growth rate in the compact tension sample, demonstrating the importance of accurately evaluating the residual stresses in welded specimens which will be used to produce damage tolerance design data.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":40200373,"asset_id":18686923,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":32695845,"first_name":"Michael","last_name":"Fitzpatrick","domain_name":"coventry","page_name":"MichaelFitzpatrick","display_name":"Michael Fitzpatrick","profile_url":"https://coventry.academia.edu/MichaelFitzpatrick?f_ri=32896","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":21553,"name":"Neutron Diffraction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neutron_Diffraction?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":23076,"name":"Fatigue","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896"},{"id":197703,"name":"Stress Intensity Factor","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stress_Intensity_Factor?f_ri=32896"},{"id":268342,"name":"Eddy Current","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eddy_Current?f_ri=32896"},{"id":503866,"name":"Residual Stress","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Residual_Stress?f_ri=32896"},{"id":533274,"name":"Growth rate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Growth_rate?f_ri=32896"},{"id":850803,"name":"Aluminium Alloy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aluminium_Alloy?f_ri=32896"},{"id":1126469,"name":"Damage Tolerance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Damage_Tolerance?f_ri=32896"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_38469150" data-work_id="38469150" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38469150/Modeling_crack_growth_from_pores_under_compressive_loading_with_application_to_metallic_glasses">Modeling crack growth from pores under compressive loading with application to metallic glasses</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The mechanism of the fatigue-crack growth is essential to understand the fatigue and fracture behavior of bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) and is thus critical to predict the service lifetime of BMGs as potential engineering structural... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_38469150" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The mechanism of the fatigue-crack growth is essential to understand the fatigue and fracture behavior of bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) and is thus critical to predict the service lifetime of BMGs as potential engineering structural materials. Experiments indicate that fracture under compressive loading exhibits distinct behaviors different from that under tensile loading. A typical compression failure may initiate from micro porosity where cracks propagate in a direction generally parallel to the loading axis. Micromechanical stress analysis shows that pores cause axial tensile microcracks emanating from the pore. A simplified computational model based on the linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) is proposed to investigate crack initiation and subsequent propagation under compressive load, where the effect of crack closure on mode-I fracture is considered. The stable crack length is characterized by a dimensionless fracture-mechanics quantity required to attain the associated crack length. The behavior of crack growth is examined based on the stress-intensity-factor (SIF) calculation, and its dependence on the loading and lateral confinement conditions is discussed.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38469150" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="45579e1f4dd633e73d6e514f31651d0d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":58534689,"asset_id":38469150,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/58534689/download_file?st=MTczMzk2NjMxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="34526785" href="https://independent.academia.edu/LiawPeter">Peter Liaw</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="34526785" type="text/json">{"id":34526785,"first_name":"Peter","last_name":"Liaw","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"LiawPeter","display_name":"Peter Liaw","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LiawPeter?f_ri=32896","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_38469150 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="38469150"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 38469150, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_38469150", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_38469150 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38469150; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_38469150"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_38469150 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="38469150"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 38469150; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=38469150]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_38469150").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_38469150").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="38469150"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">14</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="56" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering">Materials Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="56" type="text/json">{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="505" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Condensed_Matter_Physics">Condensed Matter Physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="505" type="text/json">{"id":505,"name":"Condensed Matter Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Condensed_Matter_Physics?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23047" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fracture_Mechanics">Fracture Mechanics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="23047" type="text/json">{"id":23047,"name":"Fracture Mechanics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fracture_Mechanics?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32376" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Metallic_Glass">Metallic Glass</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="32376" type="text/json">{"id":32376,"name":"Metallic Glass","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Metallic_Glass?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=38469150]'), work: {"id":38469150,"title":"Modeling crack growth from pores under compressive loading with application to metallic glasses","created_at":"2019-03-02T11:59:55.065-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/38469150/Modeling_crack_growth_from_pores_under_compressive_loading_with_application_to_metallic_glasses?f_ri=32896","dom_id":"work_38469150","summary":"The mechanism of the fatigue-crack growth is essential to understand the fatigue and fracture behavior of bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) and is thus critical to predict the service lifetime of BMGs as potential engineering structural materials. Experiments indicate that fracture under compressive loading exhibits distinct behaviors different from that under tensile loading. A typical compression failure may initiate from micro porosity where cracks propagate in a direction generally parallel to the loading axis. Micromechanical stress analysis shows that pores cause axial tensile microcracks emanating from the pore. A simplified computational model based on the linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) is proposed to investigate crack initiation and subsequent propagation under compressive load, where the effect of crack closure on mode-I fracture is considered. The stable crack length is characterized by a dimensionless fracture-mechanics quantity required to attain the associated crack length. The behavior of crack growth is examined based on the stress-intensity-factor (SIF) calculation, and its dependence on the loading and lateral confinement conditions is discussed.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":58534689,"asset_id":38469150,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":34526785,"first_name":"Peter","last_name":"Liaw","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"LiawPeter","display_name":"Peter Liaw","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/LiawPeter?f_ri=32896","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":505,"name":"Condensed Matter Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Condensed_Matter_Physics?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":23047,"name":"Fracture Mechanics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fracture_Mechanics?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":32376,"name":"Metallic Glass","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Metallic_Glass?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896"},{"id":57538,"name":"Crack propagation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crack_propagation?f_ri=32896"},{"id":61122,"name":"Stress analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stress_analysis?f_ri=32896"},{"id":85294,"name":"Computer Model","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Computer_Model?f_ri=32896"},{"id":197703,"name":"Stress Intensity Factor","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stress_Intensity_Factor?f_ri=32896"},{"id":250895,"name":"Crack Initiation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crack_Initiation?f_ri=32896"},{"id":412021,"name":"Fracture Mechanic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fracture_Mechanic?f_ri=32896"},{"id":632961,"name":"Stress Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stress_Analysis-1?f_ri=32896"},{"id":1749103,"name":"Bulk Metallic Glass","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bulk_Metallic_Glass?f_ri=32896"},{"id":2208446,"name":"Linear elastic fracture mechanics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linear_elastic_fracture_mechanics?f_ri=32896"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_9856999" data-work_id="9856999" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9856999/Effect_of_precracking_method_on_K_Ic_results_for_medium_density_polyethylene_tested_under_cryogenic_condition">Effect of precracking method on K Ic results for medium-density polyethylene tested under cryogenic condition</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The effect of different precracking methods on the results of linear elastic K Ic fracture toughness testing with medium-density polyethylene (MDPE) was investigated. Cryogenic conditions were imposed in order to obtain valid K Ic values... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_9856999" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The effect of different precracking methods on the results of linear elastic K Ic fracture toughness testing with medium-density polyethylene (MDPE) was investigated. Cryogenic conditions were imposed in order to obtain valid K Ic values from specimens of suitable size. Most conservative K Ic values were obtained by slow pressing a fresh razor blade at the notch root of the specimen. Due to the low deformation level imposed on the crack tip region, the slow pressing razor blade technique also produced less scatter in fracture toughness results. It has been shown that the slow stable crack growth preceding catastrophic brittle failure during K Ic tests in MDPE under cryogenic conditions should not be disregarded as it has relevant physical meaning and may affect the fracture toughness results.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/9856999" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="531d8ce91a1bce836af80c43c1b31552" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47626273,"asset_id":9856999,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47626273/download_file?st=MTczMzk2NjMxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="23897206" href="https://utfpr-br.academia.edu/FabianoPeres">Fabiano Peres</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="23897206" type="text/json">{"id":23897206,"first_name":"Fabiano","last_name":"Peres","domain_name":"utfpr-br","page_name":"FabianoPeres","display_name":"Fabiano Peres","profile_url":"https://utfpr-br.academia.edu/FabianoPeres?f_ri=32896","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/23897206/22516629/21712627/s65_fabiano.peres.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_9856999 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="9856999"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 9856999, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_9856999", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_9856999 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9856999; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_9856999"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_9856999 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="9856999"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9856999; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=9856999]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_9856999").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_9856999").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="9856999"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="56" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering">Materials Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="56" type="text/json">{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering">Mechanical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="60" type="text/json">{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8183" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linear_Elasticity">Linear Elasticity</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="8183" type="text/json">{"id":8183,"name":"Linear Elasticity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linear_Elasticity?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32896" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth">Fatigue crack growth</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="32896" type="text/json">{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=9856999]'), work: {"id":9856999,"title":"Effect of precracking method on K Ic results for medium-density polyethylene tested under cryogenic condition","created_at":"2014-12-21T16:42:22.768-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/9856999/Effect_of_precracking_method_on_K_Ic_results_for_medium_density_polyethylene_tested_under_cryogenic_condition?f_ri=32896","dom_id":"work_9856999","summary":"The effect of different precracking methods on the results of linear elastic K Ic fracture toughness testing with medium-density polyethylene (MDPE) was investigated. Cryogenic conditions were imposed in order to obtain valid K Ic values from specimens of suitable size. Most conservative K Ic values were obtained by slow pressing a fresh razor blade at the notch root of the specimen. Due to the low deformation level imposed on the crack tip region, the slow pressing razor blade technique also produced less scatter in fracture toughness results. It has been shown that the slow stable crack growth preceding catastrophic brittle failure during K Ic tests in MDPE under cryogenic conditions should not be disregarded as it has relevant physical meaning and may affect the fracture toughness results.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47626273,"asset_id":9856999,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":23897206,"first_name":"Fabiano","last_name":"Peres","domain_name":"utfpr-br","page_name":"FabianoPeres","display_name":"Fabiano Peres","profile_url":"https://utfpr-br.academia.edu/FabianoPeres?f_ri=32896","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/23897206/22516629/21712627/s65_fabiano.peres.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":8183,"name":"Linear Elasticity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linear_Elasticity?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":168694,"name":"Polyethylene","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polyethylene?f_ri=32896"},{"id":742212,"name":"Polymer Testing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymer_Testing?f_ri=32896"},{"id":792388,"name":"Fracture Toughness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fracture_Toughness?f_ri=32896"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_49111282" data-work_id="49111282" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/49111282/Fatigue_crack_growth_of_AA2219_under_different_aging_conditions">Fatigue crack growth of AA2219 under different aging conditions</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The fatigue crack growth of commercial AA2219 has been examined under different aging treatments, namely, naturally aged (NA), under aged (UA), peak aged (PA) and over aged (OA) conditions. From the near threshold stress intensity range... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_49111282" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The fatigue crack growth of commercial AA2219 has been examined under different aging treatments, namely, naturally aged (NA), under aged (UA), peak aged (PA) and over aged (OA) conditions. From the near threshold stress intensity range (K NTH), the alloy in the NA condition is found to have the highest resistance to fatigue crack initiation. The crack growth rate increases and the near threshold stress intensity range decreases with advancing aging. This observation is found to be consistent with lower levels of crack closure and decreasing levels of tortuosity in crack path for PA and OA tempers. The inhomogeneous transcrystalline slip in the UA condition results in the slower crack growth at low stress intensity range (K). The fracture morphology changes from crystallographic facets near the threshold region to clearly developed ductile striations in the Paris power-law regime to microvoid coalescence in the high K regions.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/49111282" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="853f8a4e1f5a3d4cd1ffa34a2524fec1" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":67505115,"asset_id":49111282,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/67505115/download_file?st=MTczMzk2NjMxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="34904345" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BoggarapuNageswaraRao">Boggarapu Nageswara Rao</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="34904345" type="text/json">{"id":34904345,"first_name":"Boggarapu Nageswara","last_name":"Rao","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"BoggarapuNageswaraRao","display_name":"Boggarapu Nageswara Rao","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/BoggarapuNageswaraRao?f_ri=32896","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/34904345/18548931/28625156/s65_boggarapu_nageswara.rao.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_49111282 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="49111282"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 49111282, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_49111282", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_49111282 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 49111282; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_49111282"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_49111282 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="49111282"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 49111282; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=49111282]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_49111282").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_49111282").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="49111282"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="56" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering">Materials Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="56" type="text/json">{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering">Mechanical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="60" type="text/json">{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="511" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Science">Materials Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="511" type="text/json">{"id":511,"name":"Materials Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Science?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32896" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth">Fatigue crack growth</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="32896" type="text/json">{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=49111282]'), work: {"id":49111282,"title":"Fatigue crack growth of AA2219 under different aging conditions","created_at":"2021-06-03T09:16:49.633-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/49111282/Fatigue_crack_growth_of_AA2219_under_different_aging_conditions?f_ri=32896","dom_id":"work_49111282","summary":"The fatigue crack growth of commercial AA2219 has been examined under different aging treatments, namely, naturally aged (NA), under aged (UA), peak aged (PA) and over aged (OA) conditions. From the near threshold stress intensity range (K NTH), the alloy in the NA condition is found to have the highest resistance to fatigue crack initiation. The crack growth rate increases and the near threshold stress intensity range decreases with advancing aging. This observation is found to be consistent with lower levels of crack closure and decreasing levels of tortuosity in crack path for PA and OA tempers. The inhomogeneous transcrystalline slip in the UA condition results in the slower crack growth at low stress intensity range (K). The fracture morphology changes from crystallographic facets near the threshold region to clearly developed ductile striations in the Paris power-law regime to microvoid coalescence in the high K regions.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":67505115,"asset_id":49111282,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":34904345,"first_name":"Boggarapu Nageswara","last_name":"Rao","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"BoggarapuNageswaraRao","display_name":"Boggarapu Nageswara Rao","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/BoggarapuNageswaraRao?f_ri=32896","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/34904345/18548931/28625156/s65_boggarapu_nageswara.rao.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":511,"name":"Materials Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Science?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":113890,"name":"Power Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Power_Law?f_ri=32896"},{"id":250895,"name":"Crack Initiation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crack_Initiation?f_ri=32896"},{"id":975772,"name":"Aluminum Alloy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aluminum_Alloy?f_ri=32896"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_32390216" data-work_id="32390216" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/32390216/Influence_of_ceramic_metal_interface_adhesion_on_crack_growth_resistance_of_ZrO2_Nb_ceramic_matrix_composites">Influence of ceramic–metal interface adhesion on crack growth resistance of ZrO2–Nb ceramic matrix composites</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Yttria-stabilized zirconia strengthened with lamellar flaky-shape Nb metal particles was obtained by hot-pressing at 1500°C for 1 h. The ZrO 2 -Nb interface has been studied by atomistic, first-principles calculations and by... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_32390216" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Yttria-stabilized zirconia strengthened with lamellar flaky-shape Nb metal particles was obtained by hot-pressing at 1500°C for 1 h. The ZrO 2 -Nb interface has been studied by atomistic, first-principles calculations and by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The influence of the ceramic-metal interface on the crack growth resistance has been investigated. Crack growth is shown to occur with a rising resistance, governed by intact metal ligaments in the crack wake. Crack extension occurs by a combination of plastic deformation on the metal particles and interface debonding. The connection between the interface adhesion and this microstructural toughening mechanism has been evaluated.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/32390216" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="57a63f8472764e82260d23b99f099e15" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":52590998,"asset_id":32390216,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/52590998/download_file?st=MTczMzk2NjMxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="62899346" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JuanBeltran56">Juan Beltran</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="62899346" type="text/json">{"id":62899346,"first_name":"Juan","last_name":"Beltran","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JuanBeltran56","display_name":"Juan Beltran","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JuanBeltran56?f_ri=32896","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_32390216 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="32390216"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 32390216, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_32390216", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_32390216 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 32390216; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_32390216"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_32390216 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="32390216"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 32390216; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=32390216]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_32390216").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_32390216").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="32390216"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="56" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering">Materials Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="56" type="text/json">{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering">Mechanical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="60" type="text/json">{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32896" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth">Fatigue crack growth</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="32896" type="text/json">{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="90282" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Resolution_Transmission_Electron_Microscopy">High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="90282" type="text/json">{"id":90282,"name":"High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Resolution_Transmission_Electron_Microscopy?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=32390216]'), work: {"id":32390216,"title":"Influence of ceramic–metal interface adhesion on crack growth resistance of ZrO2–Nb ceramic matrix composites","created_at":"2017-04-12T01:22:40.687-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/32390216/Influence_of_ceramic_metal_interface_adhesion_on_crack_growth_resistance_of_ZrO2_Nb_ceramic_matrix_composites?f_ri=32896","dom_id":"work_32390216","summary":"Yttria-stabilized zirconia strengthened with lamellar flaky-shape Nb metal particles was obtained by hot-pressing at 1500°C for 1 h. The ZrO 2 -Nb interface has been studied by atomistic, first-principles calculations and by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The influence of the ceramic-metal interface on the crack growth resistance has been investigated. Crack growth is shown to occur with a rising resistance, governed by intact metal ligaments in the crack wake. Crack extension occurs by a combination of plastic deformation on the metal particles and interface debonding. The connection between the interface adhesion and this microstructural toughening mechanism has been evaluated.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":52590998,"asset_id":32390216,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":62899346,"first_name":"Juan","last_name":"Beltran","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JuanBeltran56","display_name":"Juan Beltran","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JuanBeltran56?f_ri=32896","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":90282,"name":"High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Resolution_Transmission_Electron_Microscopy?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":473797,"name":"Microstructures","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microstructures?f_ri=32896"},{"id":588250,"name":"Plastic deformation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plastic_deformation?f_ri=32896"},{"id":1142782,"name":"Ceramic Matrix Composite","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ceramic_Matrix_Composite?f_ri=32896"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4271639" data-work_id="4271639" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4271639/Stress_corrosion_cracking_of_alloy_C_22_and_Ti_Gr12_using_double_cantilever_beam_technique">Stress corrosion cracking of alloy C-22 and Ti Gr12 using double-cantilever-beam technique</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Susceptibility to stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of two candidate alloys for the inner container of the multi-barrier nuclear waste package was evaluated by using wedge-loaded precracked double-cantilever-beam (DCB) specimens in... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_4271639" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Susceptibility to stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of two candidate alloys for the inner container of the multi-barrier nuclear waste package was evaluated by using wedge-loaded precracked double-cantilever-beam (DCB) specimens in deaerated acidic brine (pH Ϸ 2.70) at 90ЊC. Materials tested included Alloy C-22 and Ti Grade-12. Duplicate samples of each material were loaded at different initial stress intensity factor (K I ) values ranging between 22 and 43 MPa √ m. Both metallography and the compliance methods were used to determine the final crack length. The final stress intensity for SCC (K f ) was computed from the measured final wedge load and the average crack length. The results indicate that, in general, the final crack lengths measured by metallography and compliance agreed well with one another, thus, providing very similar K f values. The alloy C-22 showed higher susceptibility to SCC than Ti Grade-12 in terms of the average crack growth. Fractographic evaluation by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of broken DCB specimens revealed three distinct regions showing the characteristics of fatigue precrack, SCC, and fast fracture. ᭧</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4271639" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="280c3e5c477ec41a714c17be470e1ecc" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":49966641,"asset_id":4271639,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49966641/download_file?st=MTczMzk2NjMxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5182642" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DonnaFleming">Donna Fleming</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5182642" type="text/json">{"id":5182642,"first_name":"Donna","last_name":"Fleming","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DonnaFleming","display_name":"Donna Fleming","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DonnaFleming?f_ri=32896","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5182642/2282659/2666355/s65_donna.fleming.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4271639 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4271639"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4271639, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4271639", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_4271639 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4271639; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_4271639"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_4271639 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="4271639"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4271639; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4271639]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_4271639").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_4271639").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="4271639"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="56" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering">Materials Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="56" type="text/json">{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="505" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Condensed_Matter_Physics">Condensed Matter Physics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="505" type="text/json">{"id":505,"name":"Condensed Matter Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Condensed_Matter_Physics?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10655" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scanning_Electron_Microscopy">Scanning Electron Microscopy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10655" type="text/json">{"id":10655,"name":"Scanning Electron Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scanning_Electron_Microscopy?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="27539" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stress_corrosion_cracking">Stress corrosion cracking</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="27539" type="text/json">{"id":27539,"name":"Stress corrosion cracking","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stress_corrosion_cracking?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=4271639]'), work: {"id":4271639,"title":"Stress corrosion cracking of alloy C-22 and Ti Gr12 using double-cantilever-beam technique","created_at":"2013-08-19T04:10:50.694-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/4271639/Stress_corrosion_cracking_of_alloy_C_22_and_Ti_Gr12_using_double_cantilever_beam_technique?f_ri=32896","dom_id":"work_4271639","summary":"Susceptibility to stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of two candidate alloys for the inner container of the multi-barrier nuclear waste package was evaluated by using wedge-loaded precracked double-cantilever-beam (DCB) specimens in deaerated acidic brine (pH Ϸ 2.70) at 90ЊC. Materials tested included Alloy C-22 and Ti Grade-12. Duplicate samples of each material were loaded at different initial stress intensity factor (K I ) values ranging between 22 and 43 MPa √ m. Both metallography and the compliance methods were used to determine the final crack length. The final stress intensity for SCC (K f ) was computed from the measured final wedge load and the average crack length. The results indicate that, in general, the final crack lengths measured by metallography and compliance agreed well with one another, thus, providing very similar K f values. The alloy C-22 showed higher susceptibility to SCC than Ti Grade-12 in terms of the average crack growth. Fractographic evaluation by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of broken DCB specimens revealed three distinct regions showing the characteristics of fatigue precrack, SCC, and fast fracture. ᭧","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":49966641,"asset_id":4271639,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5182642,"first_name":"Donna","last_name":"Fleming","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DonnaFleming","display_name":"Donna Fleming","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DonnaFleming?f_ri=32896","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5182642/2282659/2666355/s65_donna.fleming.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":505,"name":"Condensed Matter Physics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Condensed_Matter_Physics?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":10655,"name":"Scanning Electron Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scanning_Electron_Microscopy?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":27539,"name":"Stress corrosion cracking","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stress_corrosion_cracking?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896"},{"id":152319,"name":"Nuclear Waste","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nuclear_Waste?f_ri=32896"},{"id":194828,"name":"Nickel","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nickel?f_ri=32896"},{"id":197703,"name":"Stress Intensity Factor","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stress_Intensity_Factor?f_ri=32896"},{"id":554780,"name":"Interdisciplinary Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Interdisciplinary_Engineering?f_ri=32896"},{"id":626135,"name":"Stress Corrosion Cracking","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stress_Corrosion_Cracking-1?f_ri=32896"},{"id":2056468,"name":"Micron","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Micron?f_ri=32896"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4761791" data-work_id="4761791" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4761791/Fatigue_crack_growth_in_friction_stir_welds_of_6082_T6_and_6061_T6_aluminium_alloys_A_comparison">Fatigue crack growth in friction stir welds of 6082-T6 and 6061-T6 aluminium alloys: A comparison</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Friction stir welding (FSW) is a solid-state joining process which emerged as an alternative technology to be used in high strength alloys that were difficult to join with conventional techniques. Notwithstanding the widespread interest... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_4761791" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Friction stir welding (FSW) is a solid-state joining process which emerged as an alternative technology to be used in high strength alloys that were difficult to join with conventional techniques. Notwithstanding the widespread interest in the possibilities offered by FSW, data concerning the fatigue behaviour of joints obtained using this process still is scarce. In this work, a comparative study between fatigue crack growth behaviour of friction stir welds of 6082-T6 and 6061-T6 aluminium alloys is carried out. Fatigue crack growth curves were determined for cracks growing in different locations of the weldments, including the base material, the heat affected zone and the welded material. Generally, friction stir material exhibited lower strength and ductility properties than the base material. However, an enhanced crack propagation resistance is observed in the welded material. The 6082-T6 and 6061-T6 base materials exhibit very similar crack propagation behaviours. On the other hand the friction stir 6061-T6 material shows lower crack propagation rates than corresponding 6082-T6 friction stir material. Particular features of the distinct microstructures of the welded and surrounding material are illustrated using scanning electron microscopy.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4761791" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9c91a605b3080a8bdfe5123859f2b9f6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":49637727,"asset_id":4761791,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49637727/download_file?st=MTczMzk2NjMxNCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="6108512" href="https://utad.academia.edu/AbilioJESUS">Abilio JESUS</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="6108512" type="text/json">{"id":6108512,"first_name":"Abilio","last_name":"JESUS","domain_name":"utad","page_name":"AbilioJESUS","display_name":"Abilio JESUS","profile_url":"https://utad.academia.edu/AbilioJESUS?f_ri=32896","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4761791 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4761791"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4761791, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4761791", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_4761791 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4761791; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_4761791"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_4761791 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="4761791"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4761791; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4761791]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_4761791").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_4761791").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="4761791"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">16</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering">Mechanical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="60" type="text/json">{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="73" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering">Civil Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="73" type="text/json">{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="305" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Mathematics">Applied Mathematics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="305" type="text/json">{"id":305,"name":"Applied Mathematics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Mathematics?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2161" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microstructure">Microstructure</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2161" type="text/json">{"id":2161,"name":"Microstructure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microstructure?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=4761791]'), work: {"id":4761791,"title":"Fatigue crack growth in friction stir welds of 6082-T6 and 6061-T6 aluminium alloys: A comparison","created_at":"2013-10-13T00:12:36.260-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/4761791/Fatigue_crack_growth_in_friction_stir_welds_of_6082_T6_and_6061_T6_aluminium_alloys_A_comparison?f_ri=32896","dom_id":"work_4761791","summary":"Friction stir welding (FSW) is a solid-state joining process which emerged as an alternative technology to be used in high strength alloys that were difficult to join with conventional techniques. Notwithstanding the widespread interest in the possibilities offered by FSW, data concerning the fatigue behaviour of joints obtained using this process still is scarce. In this work, a comparative study between fatigue crack growth behaviour of friction stir welds of 6082-T6 and 6061-T6 aluminium alloys is carried out. Fatigue crack growth curves were determined for cracks growing in different locations of the weldments, including the base material, the heat affected zone and the welded material. Generally, friction stir material exhibited lower strength and ductility properties than the base material. However, an enhanced crack propagation resistance is observed in the welded material. The 6082-T6 and 6061-T6 base materials exhibit very similar crack propagation behaviours. On the other hand the friction stir 6061-T6 material shows lower crack propagation rates than corresponding 6082-T6 friction stir material. Particular features of the distinct microstructures of the welded and surrounding material are illustrated using scanning electron microscopy.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":49637727,"asset_id":4761791,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":6108512,"first_name":"Abilio","last_name":"JESUS","domain_name":"utad","page_name":"AbilioJESUS","display_name":"Abilio JESUS","profile_url":"https://utad.academia.edu/AbilioJESUS?f_ri=32896","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":305,"name":"Applied Mathematics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Mathematics?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":2161,"name":"Microstructure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microstructure?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":10655,"name":"Scanning Electron Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scanning_Electron_Microscopy?f_ri=32896"},{"id":23890,"name":"Comparative Study","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Study?f_ri=32896"},{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896"},{"id":57538,"name":"Crack propagation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crack_propagation?f_ri=32896"},{"id":111151,"name":"Friction Stir Welding","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Friction_Stir_Welding?f_ri=32896"},{"id":145653,"name":"Ductility","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ductility?f_ri=32896"},{"id":246169,"name":"Strength of materials","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Strength_of_materials?f_ri=32896"},{"id":469575,"name":"Solid State","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Solid_State?f_ri=32896"},{"id":473797,"name":"Microstructures","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microstructures?f_ri=32896"},{"id":850803,"name":"Aluminium Alloy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aluminium_Alloy?f_ri=32896"},{"id":1138738,"name":"Fatigue Crack Propagation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_Crack_Propagation?f_ri=32896"},{"id":1478798,"name":"Heat affected zone","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_affected_zone?f_ri=32896"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_74630150" data-work_id="74630150" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/74630150/A_transgranular_fatigue_crack_growth_model_based_on_restricted_slip_reversibility">A transgranular fatigue crack growth model based on restricted slip reversibility</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This article presents a transgranular fatigue crack growth model based on a restricted slip reversal process where the transgranular crack growth rate is related to the cyclic plastic strain range ahead of the crack tip. Upon applying... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_74630150" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This article presents a transgranular fatigue crack growth model based on a restricted slip reversal process where the transgranular crack growth rate is related to the cyclic plastic strain range ahead of the crack tip. Upon applying deformation and fracture kinetics theories, a physically based constitutive law for fatigue crack growth rate is derived. In the absence of any environmental contributions to crack growth, the model takes the form of the Paris equation with a power law exponent of 3 at positiveR values. The model expresses the fatigue crack growth rate explicitly in terms of material properties, such as yield strength, work-hardening coefficient, microstructural quantities such as activation energy, activation volume, and work factor, as well as test constraints such asΔK andR. The absence of a fatigue threshold is predicted for test conditions where environment does not influence the crack growth process and the material microstructure remains stable.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/74630150" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0daeb1f7260e78edee1e0c7101f648de" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":82714251,"asset_id":74630150,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/82714251/download_file?st=MTczMzk2NjMxNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="108106575" href="https://independent.academia.edu/XijiaWu">Xijia Wu</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="108106575" type="text/json">{"id":108106575,"first_name":"Xijia","last_name":"Wu","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"XijiaWu","display_name":"Xijia Wu","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/XijiaWu?f_ri=32896","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/108106575/25190478/23968159/s65_xijia.wu.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_74630150 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="74630150"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 74630150, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_74630150", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_74630150 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74630150; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_74630150"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_74630150 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="74630150"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 74630150; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=74630150]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_74630150").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_74630150").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="74630150"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="56" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering">Materials Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="56" type="text/json">{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering">Mechanical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="60" type="text/json">{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4987" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kinetics">Kinetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4987" type="text/json">{"id":4987,"name":"Kinetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kinetics?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32896" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth">Fatigue crack growth</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="32896" type="text/json">{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=74630150]'), work: {"id":74630150,"title":"A transgranular fatigue crack growth model based on restricted slip reversibility","created_at":"2022-03-26T09:35:48.116-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/74630150/A_transgranular_fatigue_crack_growth_model_based_on_restricted_slip_reversibility?f_ri=32896","dom_id":"work_74630150","summary":"This article presents a transgranular fatigue crack growth model based on a restricted slip reversal process where the transgranular crack growth rate is related to the cyclic plastic strain range ahead of the crack tip. Upon applying deformation and fracture kinetics theories, a physically based constitutive law for fatigue crack growth rate is derived. In the absence of any environmental contributions to crack growth, the model takes the form of the Paris equation with a power law exponent of 3 at positiveR values. The model expresses the fatigue crack growth rate explicitly in terms of material properties, such as yield strength, work-hardening coefficient, microstructural quantities such as activation energy, activation volume, and work factor, as well as test constraints such asΔK andR. The absence of a fatigue threshold is predicted for test conditions where environment does not influence the crack growth process and the material microstructure remains stable.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":82714251,"asset_id":74630150,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":108106575,"first_name":"Xijia","last_name":"Wu","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"XijiaWu","display_name":"Xijia Wu","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/XijiaWu?f_ri=32896","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/108106575/25190478/23968159/s65_xijia.wu.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":4987,"name":"Kinetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kinetics?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":113890,"name":"Power Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Power_Law?f_ri=32896"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_32737675" data-work_id="32737675" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/32737675/TRAIN_HEALTH_MONITORING_BEYOND_THE_ALARMS">TRAIN HEALTH MONITORING -BEYOND THE ALARMS</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">SYNOPSIS Over the last decade Spoornet's Integrated Train Condition Monitoring System (ITCMS) has grown into a formidable engineering tool. The system consists of a wide range of measuring stations that continuously measure the condition... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_32737675" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">SYNOPSIS Over the last decade Spoornet's Integrated Train Condition Monitoring System (ITCMS) has grown into a formidable engineering tool. The system consists of a wide range of measuring stations that continuously measure the condition of rolling stock down to component level. It raises alarms when critical events are detected and has the ability to order that a train be stopped when such conditions occur. With the available database of thousands of recordings of train condition, new possibilities arise. One area that is currently being explored is that of condition trending. In this approach data can be analysed over time to detect deterioration and to predict eventual failure of components or subsystems. Trends can then also be used to plan maintenance interventions in advance. This paper presents an overview of how train condition data is currently used and examines possibilities of enhancing the function of the ITCMS in terms of prediction of the rate of deterioration. It also considers the use of the ITCMS to evaluate new measuring systems.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/32737675" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8ec350610a2670d2d1852b1d3c5ef3de" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":52895713,"asset_id":32737675,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/52895713/download_file?st=MTczMzk2NjMxNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1696160" href="https://up-za.academia.edu/JohanMarais">Johan Marais</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1696160" type="text/json">{"id":1696160,"first_name":"Johan","last_name":"Marais","domain_name":"up-za","page_name":"JohanMarais","display_name":"Johan Marais","profile_url":"https://up-za.academia.edu/JohanMarais?f_ri=32896","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1696160/586082/727801/s65_johan.marais.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_32737675 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="32737675"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 32737675, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_32737675", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_32737675 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 32737675; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_32737675"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_32737675 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="32737675"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 32737675; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=32737675]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_32737675").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_32737675").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="32737675"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23047" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fracture_Mechanics">Fracture Mechanics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="23047" type="text/json">{"id":23047,"name":"Fracture Mechanics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fracture_Mechanics?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23076" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue">Fatigue</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="23076" type="text/json">{"id":23076,"name":"Fatigue","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32896" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth">Fatigue crack growth</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="32896" type="text/json">{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="263875" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Railway_Engineering">Railway Engineering</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="263875" type="text/json">{"id":263875,"name":"Railway Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Railway_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=32737675]'), work: {"id":32737675,"title":"TRAIN HEALTH MONITORING -BEYOND THE ALARMS","created_at":"2017-04-30T20:33:30.177-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/32737675/TRAIN_HEALTH_MONITORING_BEYOND_THE_ALARMS?f_ri=32896","dom_id":"work_32737675","summary":"SYNOPSIS Over the last decade Spoornet's Integrated Train Condition Monitoring System (ITCMS) has grown into a formidable engineering tool. The system consists of a wide range of measuring stations that continuously measure the condition of rolling stock down to component level. It raises alarms when critical events are detected and has the ability to order that a train be stopped when such conditions occur. With the available database of thousands of recordings of train condition, new possibilities arise. One area that is currently being explored is that of condition trending. In this approach data can be analysed over time to detect deterioration and to predict eventual failure of components or subsystems. Trends can then also be used to plan maintenance interventions in advance. This paper presents an overview of how train condition data is currently used and examines possibilities of enhancing the function of the ITCMS in terms of prediction of the rate of deterioration. It also considers the use of the ITCMS to evaluate new measuring systems.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":52895713,"asset_id":32737675,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1696160,"first_name":"Johan","last_name":"Marais","domain_name":"up-za","page_name":"JohanMarais","display_name":"Johan Marais","profile_url":"https://up-za.academia.edu/JohanMarais?f_ri=32896","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1696160/586082/727801/s65_johan.marais.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":23047,"name":"Fracture Mechanics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fracture_Mechanics?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":23076,"name":"Fatigue","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":263875,"name":"Railway Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Railway_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_23148168" data-work_id="23148168" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/23148168/Fatigue_characterization_of_tire_rubber">Fatigue characterization of tire rubber</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">An investigation of the fatigue behavior of tire rubber was undertaken. The tire rubber used in this work is a blend of natural rubber and polybutadiene. It is vulcanized and filled with carbon black. Fatigue tests were conducted on... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_23148168" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">An investigation of the fatigue behavior of tire rubber was undertaken. The tire rubber used in this work is a blend of natural rubber and polybutadiene. It is vulcanized and filled with carbon black. Fatigue tests were conducted on edgenotched prismatic specimens subjected to tension-tension loading in a displacement-controlled machine. The maximum strain was 8% and the minimum strain was 0.8%. The waveform of the fatigue cycle was sinusoidal at a frequency of 10 Hz. Initial cracks of various lengths were cut into the edge of the rubber specimens with a sharp razor blade. The tearing energy was calculated during the test. A power law relation between the crack growth rate and tearing energy was obtained. The fatigue life of tire rubber was estimated based on the integration of the power law relations and the tearing energy versus fatigue cycles curves in conjunction with the value of the critical tearing energy at crack growth initiation.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/23148168" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b7997b7ece72e24fc8f0c9e0ca18e9e0" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":43635411,"asset_id":23148168,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43635411/download_file?st=MTczMzk2NjMxNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="44926691" href="https://independent.academia.edu/IsaacDaniel6">Isaac M Daniel</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="44926691" type="text/json">{"id":44926691,"first_name":"Isaac","last_name":"Daniel","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"IsaacDaniel6","display_name":"Isaac M Daniel","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/IsaacDaniel6?f_ri=32896","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/44926691/46569593/35943382/s65_isaac.daniel.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_23148168 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="23148168"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 23148168, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_23148168", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_23148168 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 23148168; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_23148168"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_23148168 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="23148168"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 23148168; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=23148168]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_23148168").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_23148168").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="23148168"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering">Mechanical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="60" type="text/json">{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="73" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering">Civil Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="73" type="text/json">{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="305" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Mathematics">Applied Mathematics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="305" type="text/json">{"id":305,"name":"Applied Mathematics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Mathematics?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32896" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth">Fatigue crack growth</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="32896" type="text/json">{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=23148168]'), work: {"id":23148168,"title":"Fatigue characterization of tire rubber","created_at":"2016-03-11T12:17:55.225-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/23148168/Fatigue_characterization_of_tire_rubber?f_ri=32896","dom_id":"work_23148168","summary":"An investigation of the fatigue behavior of tire rubber was undertaken. The tire rubber used in this work is a blend of natural rubber and polybutadiene. It is vulcanized and filled with carbon black. Fatigue tests were conducted on edgenotched prismatic specimens subjected to tension-tension loading in a displacement-controlled machine. The maximum strain was 8% and the minimum strain was 0.8%. The waveform of the fatigue cycle was sinusoidal at a frequency of 10 Hz. Initial cracks of various lengths were cut into the edge of the rubber specimens with a sharp razor blade. The tearing energy was calculated during the test. A power law relation between the crack growth rate and tearing energy was obtained. The fatigue life of tire rubber was estimated based on the integration of the power law relations and the tearing energy versus fatigue cycles curves in conjunction with the value of the critical tearing energy at crack growth initiation.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":43635411,"asset_id":23148168,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":44926691,"first_name":"Isaac","last_name":"Daniel","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"IsaacDaniel6","display_name":"Isaac M Daniel","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/IsaacDaniel6?f_ri=32896","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/44926691/46569593/35943382/s65_isaac.daniel.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":305,"name":"Applied Mathematics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Mathematics?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":72807,"name":"Natural rubber","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Natural_rubber?f_ri=32896"},{"id":113890,"name":"Power Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Power_Law?f_ri=32896"},{"id":780184,"name":"Carbon Black","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carbon_Black?f_ri=32896"},{"id":862722,"name":"Fatigue Life","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_Life?f_ri=32896"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_6824166" data-work_id="6824166" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6824166/A_failure_analysis_of_exhaust_systems_for_naval_gas_turbines_Part_II_Design_changes">A failure analysis of exhaust systems for naval gas turbines. Part II: Design changes</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Finite element analysis (FEA) AISI 316L stainless steel grade type High temperature fatigue a b s t r a c t Cracks have nucleated and propagated through the exhaust systems of naval gas turbines. The main cracks have propagated, along the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_6824166" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Finite element analysis (FEA) AISI 316L stainless steel grade type High temperature fatigue a b s t r a c t Cracks have nucleated and propagated through the exhaust systems of naval gas turbines. The main cracks have propagated, along the circumferential direction, from the weld toe of some butt and fillet welded joints located near the lower supporting ring, where the temperature measured with a Cu-Ni thermocouple was about 350°C. The exhaust system studied has more than 8 m long and the dimensions of the cross sections varies from 1.5 m Â 1 m at the inlet section to 2.6 m Â 2 m at the outlet section. The structure is thermally insulated and is made of AISI 316L stainless steel grade type plates, with a wall thickness of about 4 mm, which were bent in roll machines and mainly butt welded by MIG/ MAG welding process. This paper presents finite element analyses (FEA) of the exhaust system outlined before. Several elastic boundary conditions were simulated and the nominal stresses induced by the relative pressure, the thermal stresses, the inertial loads and the self-weight were determined. Moreover, the theoretical stress concentration factors of the critical butt and fillet welds were also calculated. The first frequencies and modes of vibration were determined. Design changes to the original exhaust system were then analysed in order to diminish the stresses and prevent further failures.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/6824166" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="845860e1faaf472b0b8f424be39665a0" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48710867,"asset_id":6824166,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48710867/download_file?st=MTczMzk2NjMxNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="11356607" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NovaPartII">Nova Part II</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="11356607" type="text/json">{"id":11356607,"first_name":"Nova","last_name":"Part II","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NovaPartII","display_name":"Nova Part II","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NovaPartII?f_ri=32896","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11356607/4924002/5659109/s65_nova.part_ii.jpg_oh_74633c04ee3eced9abe157e9b0162e52_oe_54b63f0e___gda___1422491015_90b845f96822b30acf4ef3d980e41faf"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_6824166 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="6824166"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 6824166, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_6824166", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=6824166]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_6824166").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_6824166").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="6824166"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">19</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="56" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering">Materials Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="56" type="text/json">{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering">Mechanical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="60" type="text/json">{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="73" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering">Civil Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="73" type="text/json">{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17196" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/GAS_TURBINE">GAS TURBINE</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="17196" type="text/json">{"id":17196,"name":"GAS TURBINE","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/GAS_TURBINE?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=6824166]'), work: {"id":6824166,"title":"A failure analysis of exhaust systems for naval gas turbines. Part II: Design changes","created_at":"2014-04-21T13:48:29.434-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/6824166/A_failure_analysis_of_exhaust_systems_for_naval_gas_turbines_Part_II_Design_changes?f_ri=32896","dom_id":"work_6824166","summary":"Finite element analysis (FEA) AISI 316L stainless steel grade type High temperature fatigue a b s t r a c t Cracks have nucleated and propagated through the exhaust systems of naval gas turbines. The main cracks have propagated, along the circumferential direction, from the weld toe of some butt and fillet welded joints located near the lower supporting ring, where the temperature measured with a Cu-Ni thermocouple was about 350°C. The exhaust system studied has more than 8 m long and the dimensions of the cross sections varies from 1.5 m Â 1 m at the inlet section to 2.6 m Â 2 m at the outlet section. The structure is thermally insulated and is made of AISI 316L stainless steel grade type plates, with a wall thickness of about 4 mm, which were bent in roll machines and mainly butt welded by MIG/ MAG welding process. This paper presents finite element analyses (FEA) of the exhaust system outlined before. Several elastic boundary conditions were simulated and the nominal stresses induced by the relative pressure, the thermal stresses, the inertial loads and the self-weight were determined. Moreover, the theoretical stress concentration factors of the critical butt and fillet welds were also calculated. The first frequencies and modes of vibration were determined. Design changes to the original exhaust system were then analysed in order to diminish the stresses and prevent further failures.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":48710867,"asset_id":6824166,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":11356607,"first_name":"Nova","last_name":"Part II","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NovaPartII","display_name":"Nova Part II","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NovaPartII?f_ri=32896","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11356607/4924002/5659109/s65_nova.part_ii.jpg_oh_74633c04ee3eced9abe157e9b0162e52_oe_54b63f0e___gda___1422491015_90b845f96822b30acf4ef3d980e41faf"}],"research_interests":[{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":17196,"name":"GAS TURBINE","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/GAS_TURBINE?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896"},{"id":34010,"name":"Finite Element Analysis (FEA)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Finite_Element_Analysis_FEA_?f_ri=32896"},{"id":45676,"name":"Failure Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Failure_Analysis?f_ri=32896"},{"id":57538,"name":"Crack propagation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crack_propagation?f_ri=32896"},{"id":128789,"name":"Stainless Steel","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stainless_Steel?f_ri=32896"},{"id":128791,"name":"Thermal Stress","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Stress?f_ri=32896"},{"id":191117,"name":"High Temperature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Temperature?f_ri=32896"},{"id":266485,"name":"Temperature measurement","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Temperature_measurement?f_ri=32896"},{"id":404000,"name":"Cross Section","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cross_Section?f_ri=32896"},{"id":404009,"name":"Thermal Insulation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Insulation?f_ri=32896"},{"id":528315,"name":"STRESS CONCENTRATION FACTOR","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/STRESS_CONCENTRATION_FACTOR?f_ri=32896"},{"id":799004,"name":"Engineering Failure Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering_Failure_Analysis?f_ri=32896"},{"id":862722,"name":"Fatigue Life","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_Life?f_ri=32896"},{"id":867022,"name":"Boundary Condition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Boundary_Condition?f_ri=32896"},{"id":1356836,"name":"WELDED JOINT","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/WELDED_JOINT?f_ri=32896"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4749047 coauthored" data-work_id="4749047" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4749047/Life_Estimation_of_First_Stage_High_Pressure_Gas_Turbine_Blades">Life Estimation of First Stage High Pressure Gas Turbine Blades</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Based on very early occurring ruptures found in the first stage high pressure turbine blades of a turbo reactor in a local aviation company, this study has the aim to determine their safe life. The first stage blades are subjected to... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_4749047" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Based on very early occurring ruptures found in the first stage high pressure turbine blades of a turbo reactor in a local aviation company, this study has the aim to determine their safe life. The first stage blades are subjected to simultaneous action of gas pressure coming from the combustion chamber, centrifugal forces in the case of the rotor blades and to important temperatures transients, which progress in a very aggressive environment due to hot gases. These combined parameters cause a high state of stress involving several complex mechanisms of damage, such as: fatigue caused by mechanical stress fluctuations, thermo-mechanical fatigue caused by temperature variations and corrosion caused on the stressed elements. Life cycle determination asks for stress evaluation of blades regarding several variables which are approached deterministically in the study. Heat exchange between combustion gases and metal blades is considered. The total stress on two kinds of blades is calculated by the addition of the thermal effect and the mechanical loading. The stress cycle is then calculated for different steps of the engine function during the operation by considering the variation of the thermal and the mechanical properties of the system. Safe life determination is done by two different approaches: the safe life approach by the initiation model and the damage tolerance approach considering the defect growth mechanics and considering the pitting corrosion effect. The calculation is applied for stator and rotor blades of an aero engine high pressure turbine made of NI 738. Since these parts are high risk components from the point of view of potential failure consequences, the risk is assessed as well. The results obtained are studied to determine the solution to the problem, and to propose a safe decision to be taken about the design or maintenance procedures.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4749047" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e25e28df3f13ffc7304d5cbbfcb87367" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":32061439,"asset_id":4749047,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/32061439/download_file?st=MTczMzk2NjMxNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="20536209" href="https://belgradefacultymechanicalengineering.academia.edu/GordanaBakic">Gordana Bakic</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="20536209" type="text/json">{"id":20536209,"first_name":"Gordana","last_name":"Bakic","domain_name":"belgradefacultymechanicalengineering","page_name":"GordanaBakic","display_name":"Gordana Bakic","profile_url":"https://belgradefacultymechanicalengineering.academia.edu/GordanaBakic?f_ri=32896","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/20536209/104882102/94075225/s65_gordana.bakic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-4749047">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-4749047"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://belgradefacultymechanicalengineering.academia.edu/MilosDjukic">Milos Djukic</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-4749047'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-4749047').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4749047 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4749047"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4749047, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4749047", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_4749047 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4749047; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_4749047"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_4749047 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="4749047"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 4749047; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4749047]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_4749047").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_4749047").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="4749047"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">52</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="56" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering">Materials Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="56" type="text/json">{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="58" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Metallurgical_Engineering">Metallurgical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="58" type="text/json">{"id":58,"name":"Metallurgical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Metallurgical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering">Mechanical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="60" type="text/json">{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="511" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Science">Materials Science</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="511" type="text/json">{"id":511,"name":"Materials Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Science?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=4749047]'), work: {"id":4749047,"title":"Life Estimation of First Stage High Pressure Gas Turbine Blades","created_at":"2013-10-11T07:30:41.417-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/4749047/Life_Estimation_of_First_Stage_High_Pressure_Gas_Turbine_Blades?f_ri=32896","dom_id":"work_4749047","summary":"Based on very early occurring ruptures found in the first stage high pressure turbine blades of a turbo reactor in a local aviation company, this study has the aim to determine their safe life. The first stage blades are subjected to simultaneous action of gas pressure coming from the combustion chamber, centrifugal forces in the case of the rotor blades and to important temperatures transients, which progress in a very aggressive environment due to hot gases. These combined parameters cause a high state of stress involving several complex mechanisms of damage, such as: fatigue caused by mechanical stress fluctuations, thermo-mechanical fatigue caused by temperature variations and corrosion caused on the stressed elements. Life cycle determination asks for stress evaluation of blades regarding several variables which are approached deterministically in the study. Heat exchange between combustion gases and metal blades is considered. The total stress on two kinds of blades is calculated by the addition of the thermal effect and the mechanical loading. The stress cycle is then calculated for different steps of the engine function during the operation by considering the variation of the thermal and the mechanical properties of the system. Safe life determination is done by two different approaches: the safe life approach by the initiation model and the damage tolerance approach considering the defect growth mechanics and considering the pitting corrosion effect. The calculation is applied for stator and rotor blades of an aero engine high pressure turbine made of NI 738. Since these parts are high risk components from the point of view of potential failure consequences, the risk is assessed as well. The results obtained are studied to determine the solution to the problem, and to propose a safe decision to be taken about the design or maintenance procedures.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":32061439,"asset_id":4749047,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":20536209,"first_name":"Gordana","last_name":"Bakic","domain_name":"belgradefacultymechanicalengineering","page_name":"GordanaBakic","display_name":"Gordana Bakic","profile_url":"https://belgradefacultymechanicalengineering.academia.edu/GordanaBakic?f_ri=32896","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/20536209/104882102/94075225/s65_gordana.bakic.png"},{"id":6020595,"first_name":"Milos","last_name":"Djukic","domain_name":"belgradefacultymechanicalengineering","page_name":"MilosDjukic","display_name":"Milos Djukic","profile_url":"https://belgradefacultymechanicalengineering.academia.edu/MilosDjukic?f_ri=32896","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6020595/2541008/38057219/s65_milos.djukic.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":58,"name":"Metallurgical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Metallurgical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":511,"name":"Materials Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Science?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":2305,"name":"Materials Chemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Chemistry?f_ri=32896"},{"id":4687,"name":"Structural Reliability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Structural_Reliability?f_ri=32896"},{"id":4975,"name":"Corrosion Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Corrosion_Science?f_ri=32896"},{"id":8067,"name":"Heat Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Transfer?f_ri=32896"},{"id":10529,"name":"Life Cycle Assessment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Life_Cycle_Assessment?f_ri=32896"},{"id":10650,"name":"Materials","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials?f_ri=32896"},{"id":10651,"name":"Materials Characterisation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Characterisation?f_ri=32896"},{"id":13961,"name":"Mechanics of Fracture, Fatigue and Damage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanics_of_Fracture_Fatigue_and_Damage?f_ri=32896"},{"id":17196,"name":"GAS TURBINE","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/GAS_TURBINE?f_ri=32896"},{"id":18534,"name":"Mechanical Behavior Of Materials","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Behavior_Of_Materials?f_ri=32896"},{"id":19945,"name":"Corrosion Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Corrosion_Engineering?f_ri=32896"},{"id":23030,"name":"Fatigue (Fracture)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_Fracture_?f_ri=32896"},{"id":23076,"name":"Fatigue","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue?f_ri=32896"},{"id":24002,"name":"Materials Science and Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Science_and_Engineering?f_ri=32896"},{"id":25035,"name":"Material Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Material_Science?f_ri=32896"},{"id":27537,"name":"Corrosion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Corrosion?f_ri=32896"},{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896"},{"id":33661,"name":"Heat and Mass Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_and_Mass_Transfer?f_ri=32896"},{"id":33816,"name":"Quality, Reliability \u0026 Maintenance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Quality_Reliability_and_Maintenance?f_ri=32896"},{"id":34144,"name":"Fatigue mechanisms in endurance exercise","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_mechanisms_in_endurance_exercise?f_ri=32896"},{"id":34379,"name":"Power Plant Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Power_Plant_Engineering?f_ri=32896"},{"id":34917,"name":"Oil and Gas, Power Engines, Power Plant Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_Gas_Power_Engines_Power_Plant_Management?f_ri=32896"},{"id":35232,"name":"Reliability Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reliability_Engineering?f_ri=32896"},{"id":39850,"name":"Metallurgy and Materials 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u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_20426617" data-work_id="20426617" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/20426617/Fatigue_life_analysis_of_a_cannon_barrel">Fatigue life analysis of a cannon barrel</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">A steel cannon barrel was tested and analyzed in order to predict its lifetime. Mechanical properties, fracture toughness and fatigue behavior were determined experimentally. The cannon barrel was assumed to have a smooth inner surface.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_20426617" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">A steel cannon barrel was tested and analyzed in order to predict its lifetime. Mechanical properties, fracture toughness and fatigue behavior were determined experimentally. The cannon barrel was assumed to have a smooth inner surface. On that basis, ®nite element analyses were carried out in order to determine the stress intensity factor as a function of crack length for the case in which the cannon barrel contains two symmetrically located cracks. The fatigue data was assumed to follow the Paris±Erdogan law. A statistical Monte Carlo analysis for the fatigue life of the cannon barrel was carried out with many of the parameters assumed to be random variables. #</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/20426617" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="377eac89d27c7fa9954ed58f56c9ebcb" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":41960596,"asset_id":20426617,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/41960596/download_file?st=MTczMzk2NjMxNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33272431" href="https://telaviv.academia.edu/LeslieBankssills">Leslie Banks-sills</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33272431" type="text/json">{"id":33272431,"first_name":"Leslie","last_name":"Banks-sills","domain_name":"telaviv","page_name":"LeslieBankssills","display_name":"Leslie Banks-sills","profile_url":"https://telaviv.academia.edu/LeslieBankssills?f_ri=32896","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_20426617 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="20426617"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 20426617, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_20426617", }); 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Mechanical properties, fracture toughness and fatigue behavior were determined experimentally. The cannon barrel was assumed to have a smooth inner surface. On that basis, ®nite element analyses were carried out in order to determine the stress intensity factor as a function of crack length for the case in which the cannon barrel contains two symmetrically located cracks. The fatigue data was assumed to follow the Paris±Erdogan law. A statistical Monte Carlo analysis for the fatigue life of the cannon barrel was carried out with many of the parameters assumed to be random variables. #","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":41960596,"asset_id":20426617,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":33272431,"first_name":"Leslie","last_name":"Banks-sills","domain_name":"telaviv","page_name":"LeslieBankssills","display_name":"Leslie Banks-sills","profile_url":"https://telaviv.academia.edu/LeslieBankssills?f_ri=32896","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":156139,"name":"Life Prediction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Life_Prediction?f_ri=32896"},{"id":197703,"name":"Stress Intensity Factor","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stress_Intensity_Factor?f_ri=32896"},{"id":792388,"name":"Fracture Toughness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fracture_Toughness?f_ri=32896"},{"id":799004,"name":"Engineering Failure Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering_Failure_Analysis?f_ri=32896"},{"id":862722,"name":"Fatigue Life","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_Life?f_ri=32896"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_36879973" data-work_id="36879973" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/36879973/Effect_of_crystallinity_and_loading_rate_on_mode_I_fracture_behavior_of_poly_lactic_acid_">Effect of crystallinity and loading-rate on mode I fracture behavior of poly(lactic acid)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The aim of this study is to characterize the fracture behavior of biodegradable poly(lactic acid) (PLA). Especially, the effects of crystallinity and loading-rate on the fracture behavior are emphasized. Annealing was performed to control... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_36879973" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The aim of this study is to characterize the fracture behavior of biodegradable poly(lactic acid) (PLA). Especially, the effects of crystallinity and loading-rate on the fracture behavior are emphasized. Annealing was performed to control the crystallinity of the PLA samples prepared, and then their fracture toughness values were measured under quasi-static and impact loading conditions. The results showed that the quasi-static fracture toughness of PLA decreases with increase of crystallinity; on the other hand, the impact fracture toughness tends to increase with crystallinity. The crack growth behaviors of the PLA specimens having different crystallinity were also observed by polarizing and scanning electron microscopies. The microscopic results exhibited that under quasi-static loading, disappearance of multiple crazes in the crack-tip region results in the decrease of the fracture toughness with crystallinity. On the contrary, under impact loading, the increase of the fracture toughness with crystallinity is considered to be related to the increase of fibril formation. q</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/36879973" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f8495815c36d648c7250e5ebc9164a08" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":56834698,"asset_id":36879973,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56834698/download_file?st=MTczMzk2NjMxNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="83289049" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MitsuguTodo">Mitsugu Todo</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="83289049" type="text/json">{"id":83289049,"first_name":"Mitsugu","last_name":"Todo","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MitsuguTodo","display_name":"Mitsugu Todo","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MitsuguTodo?f_ri=32896","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_36879973 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="36879973"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 36879973, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_36879973", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=36879973]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_36879973").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_36879973").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="36879973"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="48" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering">Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="48" type="text/json">{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="10655" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scanning_Electron_Microscopy">Scanning Electron Microscopy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="10655" type="text/json">{"id":10655,"name":"Scanning Electron Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scanning_Electron_Microscopy?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32896" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth">Fatigue crack growth</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="32896" type="text/json">{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32910" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sample_Preparation">Sample Preparation</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="32910" type="text/json">{"id":32910,"name":"Sample Preparation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sample_Preparation?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=36879973]'), work: {"id":36879973,"title":"Effect of crystallinity and loading-rate on mode I fracture behavior of poly(lactic acid)","created_at":"2018-06-20T16:43:51.698-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/36879973/Effect_of_crystallinity_and_loading_rate_on_mode_I_fracture_behavior_of_poly_lactic_acid_?f_ri=32896","dom_id":"work_36879973","summary":"The aim of this study is to characterize the fracture behavior of biodegradable poly(lactic acid) (PLA). Especially, the effects of crystallinity and loading-rate on the fracture behavior are emphasized. Annealing was performed to control the crystallinity of the PLA samples prepared, and then their fracture toughness values were measured under quasi-static and impact loading conditions. The results showed that the quasi-static fracture toughness of PLA decreases with increase of crystallinity; on the other hand, the impact fracture toughness tends to increase with crystallinity. The crack growth behaviors of the PLA specimens having different crystallinity were also observed by polarizing and scanning electron microscopies. The microscopic results exhibited that under quasi-static loading, disappearance of multiple crazes in the crack-tip region results in the decrease of the fracture toughness with crystallinity. On the contrary, under impact loading, the increase of the fracture toughness with crystallinity is considered to be related to the increase of fibril formation. q","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":56834698,"asset_id":36879973,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":83289049,"first_name":"Mitsugu","last_name":"Todo","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MitsuguTodo","display_name":"Mitsugu Todo","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MitsuguTodo?f_ri=32896","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":10655,"name":"Scanning Electron Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scanning_Electron_Microscopy?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":32910,"name":"Sample Preparation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sample_Preparation?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":58527,"name":"Polymer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymer?f_ri=32896"},{"id":79797,"name":"Poly (lactic acid)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Poly_lactic_acid_?f_ri=32896"},{"id":260118,"name":"CHEMICAL SCIENCES","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CHEMICAL_SCIENCES?f_ri=32896"},{"id":322077,"name":"Biodegradable Polymer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biodegradable_Polymer?f_ri=32896"},{"id":792388,"name":"Fracture Toughness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fracture_Toughness?f_ri=32896"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_17764501 coauthored" data-work_id="17764501" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/17764501/Effects_of_crack_depth_on_elastic_plastic_fracture_toughness">Effects of crack depth on elastic-plastic fracture toughness</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Short crack test specimens (a/W ~ 0.50) are frequently employed when conventional deep crack specimens are either inappropriate or impossible to obtain, for example, in testing of particular microstructures in weldments and in-service... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_17764501" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Short crack test specimens (a/W ~ 0.50) are frequently employed when conventional deep crack specimens are either inappropriate or impossible to obtain, for example, in testing of particular microstructures in weldments and in-service structures containing shallow surface flaws, Values of elastic plastic fracture toughness, here characterized by the crack tip opening displacement (CTOD), are presented for square (cross-section) three-point bend specimens with a/W ratios of 0.15 and 0.50 throughout the lower-shelf and lower-transition regions. Three dimensional, finite-element analyses are employed to correlate the measured load and crack mouth opening displacement (CMOD) values to the corresponding CTOD values, thus eliminating a major source of experimental difficulty in previous studies of shallow crack specimens. In the lower-transition region, where extensive plasticity (but no ductile crack growth) precedes brittle fracture, critical CTOD values for short crack specimens are significantly larger (factor of 2-3) than the CTOD values for deep crack specimens at identical temperatures. Short crack specimens are shown to exhibit increased toughness at the initiation of ductile tearing and decreased brittle-to-ductile transition temperatures. Numerical analyses for the two a/W ratios reveal large differences in stress fields ahead of the crack tip at identical CTOD levels which verify the experimentally observed differences in critical CTOD values. Correlations of the predicted stresses with measured critical CTOD values demonstrate the limitations of single-parameter fracture mechanics (as currently developed) to characterize the response.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/17764501" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f691149c396ccc9d2a7b07c5076da54b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":39696817,"asset_id":17764501,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39696817/download_file?st=MTczMzk2NjMxNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="37957944" href="https://kansas.academia.edu/StanleyRolfe">Stanley Rolfe</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="37957944" type="text/json">{"id":37957944,"first_name":"Stanley","last_name":"Rolfe","domain_name":"kansas","page_name":"StanleyRolfe","display_name":"Stanley Rolfe","profile_url":"https://kansas.academia.edu/StanleyRolfe?f_ri=32896","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-17764501">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-17764501"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/RobertDodds1">Robert Dodds</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-17764501'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-17764501').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_17764501 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="17764501"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 17764501, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_17764501", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_17764501 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17764501; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_17764501"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_17764501 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="17764501"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17764501; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=17764501]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_17764501").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_17764501").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="17764501"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">13</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="56" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering">Materials Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="56" type="text/json">{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering">Mechanical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="60" type="text/json">{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="73" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering">Civil Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="73" type="text/json">{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6637" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fracture">Fracture</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="6637" type="text/json">{"id":6637,"name":"Fracture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fracture?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=17764501]'), work: {"id":17764501,"title":"Effects of crack depth on elastic-plastic fracture toughness","created_at":"2015-11-04T14:41:08.755-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/17764501/Effects_of_crack_depth_on_elastic_plastic_fracture_toughness?f_ri=32896","dom_id":"work_17764501","summary":"Short crack test specimens (a/W ~ 0.50) are frequently employed when conventional deep crack specimens are either inappropriate or impossible to obtain, for example, in testing of particular microstructures in weldments and in-service structures containing shallow surface flaws, Values of elastic plastic fracture toughness, here characterized by the crack tip opening displacement (CTOD), are presented for square (cross-section) three-point bend specimens with a/W ratios of 0.15 and 0.50 throughout the lower-shelf and lower-transition regions. Three dimensional, finite-element analyses are employed to correlate the measured load and crack mouth opening displacement (CMOD) values to the corresponding CTOD values, thus eliminating a major source of experimental difficulty in previous studies of shallow crack specimens. In the lower-transition region, where extensive plasticity (but no ductile crack growth) precedes brittle fracture, critical CTOD values for short crack specimens are significantly larger (factor of 2-3) than the CTOD values for deep crack specimens at identical temperatures. Short crack specimens are shown to exhibit increased toughness at the initiation of ductile tearing and decreased brittle-to-ductile transition temperatures. Numerical analyses for the two a/W ratios reveal large differences in stress fields ahead of the crack tip at identical CTOD levels which verify the experimentally observed differences in critical CTOD values. Correlations of the predicted stresses with measured critical CTOD values demonstrate the limitations of single-parameter fracture mechanics (as currently developed) to characterize the response.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":39696817,"asset_id":17764501,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":37957944,"first_name":"Stanley","last_name":"Rolfe","domain_name":"kansas","page_name":"StanleyRolfe","display_name":"Stanley Rolfe","profile_url":"https://kansas.academia.edu/StanleyRolfe?f_ri=32896","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":37669419,"first_name":"Robert","last_name":"Dodds","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RobertDodds1","display_name":"Robert Dodds","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RobertDodds1?f_ri=32896","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":6637,"name":"Fracture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fracture?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":17038,"name":"Stress field","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stress_field?f_ri=32896"},{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896"},{"id":404000,"name":"Cross Section","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cross_Section?f_ri=32896"},{"id":412021,"name":"Fracture Mechanic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fracture_Mechanic?f_ri=32896"},{"id":473797,"name":"Microstructures","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microstructures?f_ri=32896"},{"id":504035,"name":"Three Dimensional","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Three_Dimensional?f_ri=32896"},{"id":702286,"name":"Brittle Fracture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Brittle_Fracture?f_ri=32896"},{"id":792388,"name":"Fracture Toughness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fracture_Toughness?f_ri=32896"},{"id":1263407,"name":"Transition Region","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transition_Region?f_ri=32896"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_11034479" data-work_id="11034479" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/11034479/Failure_analysis_of_an_exploded_gas_cylinder">Failure analysis of an exploded gas cylinder</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This paper reports the major activities carried out during the failure analysis of an exploded cylinder containing hydrogen. The general cracking pattern of the cylinder, the fractographic features, and the stress analysis results were... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_11034479" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This paper reports the major activities carried out during the failure analysis of an exploded cylinder containing hydrogen. The general cracking pattern of the cylinder, the fractographic features, and the stress analysis results were all indicative of an internal gaseous detonation. Accordingly, several specific characteristics of detonation-driven fracture of closed-end cylindrical tubes were identified. These characteristics were analyzed through detailed examinations of the fracture surfaces, cracking patterns, and dynamic stress analysis of the cylinder using a transient analytical model. Based on the size and location of special markings found on the shear lips, and using the time duration of flexural waves, the crack growth increments and speed were computed. Consequently, the basic features of the gaseous detonation and the composition of the original gas mixture were identified. The results indicated that the detonation of a low-pressure oxygen-rich mixture of hydrogen and oxygen was the cause of this failure. The presence of oxygen was attributed to an improper usage of an oxygen cylinder for hydrogen storage.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/11034479" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8be3613cbf3431044ae3a6a06d4be1ad" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":46954957,"asset_id":11034479,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/46954957/download_file?st=MTczMzk2NjMxNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="26698716" href="https://independent.academia.edu/majidmirzaei1">majid mirzaei</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="26698716" type="text/json">{"id":26698716,"first_name":"majid","last_name":"mirzaei","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"majidmirzaei1","display_name":"majid mirzaei","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/majidmirzaei1?f_ri=32896","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_11034479 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="11034479"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11034479, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_11034479", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_11034479 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11034479; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_11034479"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_11034479 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="11034479"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 11034479; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=11034479]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_11034479").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_11034479").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="11034479"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="56" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering">Materials Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="56" type="text/json">{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering">Mechanical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="60" type="text/json">{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="73" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering">Civil Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="73" type="text/json">{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21551" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hydrogen_Storage">Hydrogen Storage</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="21551" type="text/json">{"id":21551,"name":"Hydrogen Storage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hydrogen_Storage?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=11034479]'), work: {"id":11034479,"title":"Failure analysis of an exploded gas cylinder","created_at":"2015-02-23T22:42:18.620-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/11034479/Failure_analysis_of_an_exploded_gas_cylinder?f_ri=32896","dom_id":"work_11034479","summary":"This paper reports the major activities carried out during the failure analysis of an exploded cylinder containing hydrogen. The general cracking pattern of the cylinder, the fractographic features, and the stress analysis results were all indicative of an internal gaseous detonation. Accordingly, several specific characteristics of detonation-driven fracture of closed-end cylindrical tubes were identified. These characteristics were analyzed through detailed examinations of the fracture surfaces, cracking patterns, and dynamic stress analysis of the cylinder using a transient analytical model. Based on the size and location of special markings found on the shear lips, and using the time duration of flexural waves, the crack growth increments and speed were computed. Consequently, the basic features of the gaseous detonation and the composition of the original gas mixture were identified. The results indicated that the detonation of a low-pressure oxygen-rich mixture of hydrogen and oxygen was the cause of this failure. The presence of oxygen was attributed to an improper usage of an oxygen cylinder for hydrogen storage.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":46954957,"asset_id":11034479,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":26698716,"first_name":"majid","last_name":"mirzaei","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"majidmirzaei1","display_name":"majid mirzaei","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/majidmirzaei1?f_ri=32896","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":21551,"name":"Hydrogen Storage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hydrogen_Storage?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896"},{"id":45676,"name":"Failure Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Failure_Analysis?f_ri=32896"},{"id":61122,"name":"Stress analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stress_analysis?f_ri=32896"},{"id":250906,"name":"Fractography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fractography?f_ri=32896"},{"id":413300,"name":"Analytical Model","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Analytical_Model?f_ri=32896"},{"id":632961,"name":"Stress Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stress_Analysis-1?f_ri=32896"},{"id":799004,"name":"Engineering Failure Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering_Failure_Analysis?f_ri=32896"},{"id":1174006,"name":"Low Pressure Boiler","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Low_Pressure_Boiler?f_ri=32896"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_53389197" data-work_id="53389197" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/53389197/Creep_damage_mechanisms_in_polyethylene_gas_pipes">Creep damage mechanisms in polyethylene gas pipes</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This study deals with the creep damaging processes of two polyethylene (PE) resins. One is a ductile material while the other is a brittle one. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) observations as well as chemical analysis are used to... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_53389197" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This study deals with the creep damaging processes of two polyethylene (PE) resins. One is a ductile material while the other is a brittle one. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) observations as well as chemical analysis are used to identify elementary process involved in the crack initiation and propagation. Of the two considered resins, only the second exhibits a lifetime controlled by slow crack growth (SCG). It is shown that catalytic residues act as initiating agents for the damage. Nevertheless, the presence of such particles in an extruded resin does not lead to a creep damage in every case. Intraspherulitic micro-cracks (mirror zones) can then propagate. Propagation takes place between the lamellae, seemingly through a disentanglement of tie molecules connecting the lamellae. The orientation of the micro-cracks is perpendicular to the largest principal stress. Cryogenic fracture surfaces indicate that the mirror zone gives rise to discontinuous crack growth bands (DCGB). In a pre-cracked specimen, only the DCGB stage takes place in the crack tip.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/53389197" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="77da4affe767a8e383070c07fb46f177" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":70257206,"asset_id":53389197,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/70257206/download_file?st=MTczMzk2NjMxNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="46527915" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NoelleBillon">Noëlle Billon</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="46527915" type="text/json">{"id":46527915,"first_name":"Noëlle","last_name":"Billon","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NoelleBillon","display_name":"Noëlle Billon","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NoelleBillon?f_ri=32896","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_53389197 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="53389197"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 53389197, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_53389197", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_53389197 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 53389197; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_53389197"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_53389197 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="53389197"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 53389197; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=53389197]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_53389197").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_53389197").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="53389197"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="48" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering">Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="48" type="text/json">{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32896" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth">Fatigue crack growth</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="32896" type="text/json">{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="34520" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Damage_Mechanics">Damage Mechanics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="34520" type="text/json">{"id":34520,"name":"Damage Mechanics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Damage_Mechanics?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="58527" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymer">Polymer</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="58527" type="text/json">{"id":58527,"name":"Polymer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymer?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=53389197]'), work: {"id":53389197,"title":"Creep damage mechanisms in polyethylene gas pipes","created_at":"2021-09-26T08:46:22.528-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/53389197/Creep_damage_mechanisms_in_polyethylene_gas_pipes?f_ri=32896","dom_id":"work_53389197","summary":"This study deals with the creep damaging processes of two polyethylene (PE) resins. One is a ductile material while the other is a brittle one. Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) observations as well as chemical analysis are used to identify elementary process involved in the crack initiation and propagation. Of the two considered resins, only the second exhibits a lifetime controlled by slow crack growth (SCG). It is shown that catalytic residues act as initiating agents for the damage. Nevertheless, the presence of such particles in an extruded resin does not lead to a creep damage in every case. Intraspherulitic micro-cracks (mirror zones) can then propagate. Propagation takes place between the lamellae, seemingly through a disentanglement of tie molecules connecting the lamellae. The orientation of the micro-cracks is perpendicular to the largest principal stress. Cryogenic fracture surfaces indicate that the mirror zone gives rise to discontinuous crack growth bands (DCGB). In a pre-cracked specimen, only the DCGB stage takes place in the crack tip.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":70257206,"asset_id":53389197,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":46527915,"first_name":"Noëlle","last_name":"Billon","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NoelleBillon","display_name":"Noëlle Billon","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NoelleBillon?f_ri=32896","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":34520,"name":"Damage Mechanics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Damage_Mechanics?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":58527,"name":"Polymer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymer?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":168694,"name":"Polyethylene","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polyethylene?f_ri=32896"},{"id":168891,"name":"Chemical Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Analysis?f_ri=32896"},{"id":250895,"name":"Crack Initiation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crack_Initiation?f_ri=32896"},{"id":260118,"name":"CHEMICAL SCIENCES","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CHEMICAL_SCIENCES?f_ri=32896"},{"id":390995,"name":"Scanning Electron Microscope","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Scanning_Electron_Microscope?f_ri=32896"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_22790223" data-work_id="22790223" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/22790223/Fatigue_of_foam_core_sandwich_beams_1_undamaged_specimens">Fatigue of foam core sandwich beams—1: undamaged specimens</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The present paper addresses the fatigue characteristics of two cellular foam core materials as used in load carrying sandwich structures. The fatigue loading studied is a constant shear stress which corresponds to the main type of loading... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_22790223" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The present paper addresses the fatigue characteristics of two cellular foam core materials as used in load carrying sandwich structures. The fatigue loading studied is a constant shear stress which corresponds to the main type of loading that the core in a sandwich structure exhibits. Based on results from testing stress-life curves are presented for a number of stress ratios (R) and are fitted to a simple two-parameter Weibull function. The influence of the R-value is emphasized and standard Haigh diagrams are constructed. It is seen that the fatigue behaviour of the core materials investigated herein well can be described in manners similar to that of classical metal fatigue. A thorough investigation is performed on the behaviour of fatigue crack formation and growth.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/22790223" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="250d2116ca8d637a25b24f9b8e42811c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":43344301,"asset_id":22790223,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43344301/download_file?st=MTczMzk2NjMxNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="44363957" href="https://kth.academia.edu/DanZenkert">Dan Zenkert</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="44363957" type="text/json">{"id":44363957,"first_name":"Dan","last_name":"Zenkert","domain_name":"kth","page_name":"DanZenkert","display_name":"Dan Zenkert","profile_url":"https://kth.academia.edu/DanZenkert?f_ri=32896","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_22790223 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="22790223"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 22790223, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_22790223", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_22790223 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22790223; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_22790223"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_22790223 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="22790223"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22790223; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22790223]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_22790223").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_22790223").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="22790223"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering">Mechanical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="60" type="text/json">{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="73" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering">Civil Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="73" type="text/json">{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23076" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue">Fatigue</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="23076" type="text/json">{"id":23076,"name":"Fatigue","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32896" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth">Fatigue crack growth</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="32896" type="text/json">{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=22790223]'), work: {"id":22790223,"title":"Fatigue of foam core sandwich beams—1: undamaged specimens","created_at":"2016-03-04T01:49:58.452-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/22790223/Fatigue_of_foam_core_sandwich_beams_1_undamaged_specimens?f_ri=32896","dom_id":"work_22790223","summary":"The present paper addresses the fatigue characteristics of two cellular foam core materials as used in load carrying sandwich structures. The fatigue loading studied is a constant shear stress which corresponds to the main type of loading that the core in a sandwich structure exhibits. Based on results from testing stress-life curves are presented for a number of stress ratios (R) and are fitted to a simple two-parameter Weibull function. The influence of the R-value is emphasized and standard Haigh diagrams are constructed. It is seen that the fatigue behaviour of the core materials investigated herein well can be described in manners similar to that of classical metal fatigue. A thorough investigation is performed on the behaviour of fatigue crack formation and growth.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":43344301,"asset_id":22790223,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":44363957,"first_name":"Dan","last_name":"Zenkert","domain_name":"kth","page_name":"DanZenkert","display_name":"Dan Zenkert","profile_url":"https://kth.academia.edu/DanZenkert?f_ri=32896","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":23076,"name":"Fatigue","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":175859,"name":"Shear Stress","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Shear_Stress?f_ri=32896"},{"id":250895,"name":"Crack Initiation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crack_Initiation?f_ri=32896"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_18479241" data-work_id="18479241" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/18479241/Creep_and_fatigue_properties_of_high_temperature_silicides_and_their_composites">Creep and fatigue properties of high temperature silicides and their composites</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">A review of creep and fatigue behavior of high temperature silicides and their composites is presented along with new results pertaining to titanium silicides and functionally graded materials. The emphasis was placed on the molybdenum... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_18479241" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">A review of creep and fatigue behavior of high temperature silicides and their composites is presented along with new results pertaining to titanium silicides and functionally graded materials. The emphasis was placed on the molybdenum disilicides and their composites in comparison to other silicides and high temperature ceramics. It was shown that the grain size effects on creep are significant in these materials. The effects were present not only in the Newtonian creep but persists even in the power-law creep, with grain size exponents of the order of 4.2. Factors that influenced the grain size effects were examined. This anomalous behavior, which appeared to be exhibited by some stoichiometric intermetallics, could not be explained by the currently known theories of grain boundary creep. Effects of alloying and reinforcement on creep rates were also discussed. The creep rates in other high temperature silicides were compared. It was shown that molybdenum disilicide with silicon nitride has a potential for high temperature applications in terms of its creep and oxidation resistance, although its creep resistance appears to be much less than that of an advanced Si 3 N 4 , such as AS800. Published results on fatigue crack growth in MoSi 2 and its composites were analyzed using the recently developed Unified Approach for Fatigue.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/18479241" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="cecb29df9be81fa275cd490fed701d24" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":40085376,"asset_id":18479241,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40085376/download_file?st=MTczMzk2NjMxNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="135816" href="https://iitkgp-in.academia.edu/RahulMitra">Rahul Mitra</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="135816" type="text/json">{"id":135816,"first_name":"Rahul","last_name":"Mitra","domain_name":"iitkgp-in","page_name":"RahulMitra","display_name":"Rahul Mitra","profile_url":"https://iitkgp-in.academia.edu/RahulMitra?f_ri=32896","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/135816/36052/33119/s65_rahul.mitra.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_18479241 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="18479241"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 18479241, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_18479241", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=18479241]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_18479241").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_18479241").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="18479241"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="56" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering">Materials Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="56" type="text/json">{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering">Mechanical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="60" type="text/json">{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11404" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Titanium">Titanium</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11404" type="text/json">{"id":11404,"name":"Titanium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Titanium?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32896" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth">Fatigue crack growth</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="32896" type="text/json">{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=18479241]'), work: {"id":18479241,"title":"Creep and fatigue properties of high temperature silicides and their composites","created_at":"2015-11-16T18:35:05.817-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/18479241/Creep_and_fatigue_properties_of_high_temperature_silicides_and_their_composites?f_ri=32896","dom_id":"work_18479241","summary":"A review of creep and fatigue behavior of high temperature silicides and their composites is presented along with new results pertaining to titanium silicides and functionally graded materials. The emphasis was placed on the molybdenum disilicides and their composites in comparison to other silicides and high temperature ceramics. It was shown that the grain size effects on creep are significant in these materials. The effects were present not only in the Newtonian creep but persists even in the power-law creep, with grain size exponents of the order of 4.2. Factors that influenced the grain size effects were examined. This anomalous behavior, which appeared to be exhibited by some stoichiometric intermetallics, could not be explained by the currently known theories of grain boundary creep. Effects of alloying and reinforcement on creep rates were also discussed. The creep rates in other high temperature silicides were compared. It was shown that molybdenum disilicide with silicon nitride has a potential for high temperature applications in terms of its creep and oxidation resistance, although its creep resistance appears to be much less than that of an advanced Si 3 N 4 , such as AS800. Published results on fatigue crack growth in MoSi 2 and its composites were analyzed using the recently developed Unified Approach for Fatigue.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":40085376,"asset_id":18479241,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":135816,"first_name":"Rahul","last_name":"Mitra","domain_name":"iitkgp-in","page_name":"RahulMitra","display_name":"Rahul Mitra","profile_url":"https://iitkgp-in.academia.edu/RahulMitra?f_ri=32896","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/135816/36052/33119/s65_rahul.mitra.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":11404,"name":"Titanium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Titanium?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":113890,"name":"Power Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Power_Law?f_ri=32896"},{"id":131439,"name":"Silicon Nitride","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Silicon_Nitride?f_ri=32896"},{"id":163569,"name":"Functionally Graded Material","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Functionally_Graded_Material?f_ri=32896"},{"id":186099,"name":"Grain size","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Grain_size?f_ri=32896"},{"id":191117,"name":"High Temperature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/High_Temperature?f_ri=32896"},{"id":199571,"name":"Functionally Graded","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Functionally_Graded?f_ri=32896"},{"id":379399,"name":"Grain Boundary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Grain_Boundary?f_ri=32896"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37139974" data-work_id="37139974" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37139974/FATIGUE_LIFE_AND_ISOTHERMAL_FATIGUE_CRACK_GROWTH_RATE_ANALYSIS_OF_AISI_420_MARTENSITIC_STAINLESS_STEEL">FATIGUE LIFE AND ISOTHERMAL FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH RATE ANALYSIS OF AISI 420 MARTENSITIC STAINLESS STEEL</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Low cyclic fatigue analysis at room temperature and crack growth rate under isothermal fatigue at 300-600 °C temperature ranges produced in AISI 420 martensitic stainless steel, using un-cracked solid cylinder specimen. The crack growth... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_37139974" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Low cyclic fatigue analysis at room temperature and crack growth rate under isothermal fatigue at 300-600 °C temperature ranges produced in AISI 420 martensitic stainless steel, using un-cracked solid cylinder specimen. The crack growth monitoring is obtained by using the DCPD machine. The research observes that the fatigue life reduces with increasing the surface roughness condition, while the behaviour of the material at room and high temperature to produce an initial hardening, followed by slow extension until fully plastic saturation then followed by crack initiation and growth eventually reaching the failure, and the effects of increasing temperature decrease the crack initiation period and also the crack length. The fatigue crack growth rate increase with stress intensity factor, and the crack growth rate at 600 °C test temperature less than 500 °C, due to the creep-fatigue taking place.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37139974" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1eabfc8ffce95d09c3b73d26dba3b87c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57090211,"asset_id":37139974,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57090211/download_file?st=MTczMzk2NjMxNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="83272988" href="https://mtu-iq.academia.edu/MohammedAliNasserAli">Mohammed Ali Nasser Ali</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="83272988" type="text/json">{"id":83272988,"first_name":"Mohammed Ali Nasser","last_name":"Ali","domain_name":"mtu-iq","page_name":"MohammedAliNasserAli","display_name":"Mohammed Ali Nasser Ali","profile_url":"https://mtu-iq.academia.edu/MohammedAliNasserAli?f_ri=32896","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/83272988/20152871/19895947/s65_mohammed_ali_nasser.ali.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_37139974 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="37139974"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37139974, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_37139974", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37139974]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_37139974").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_37139974").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="37139974"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="62" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Engineering">Thermal Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="62" type="text/json">{"id":62,"name":"Thermal Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="522" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermodynamics">Thermodynamics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="522" type="text/json">{"id":522,"name":"Thermodynamics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermodynamics?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32896" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth">Fatigue crack growth</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="32896" type="text/json">{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=37139974]'), work: {"id":37139974,"title":"FATIGUE LIFE AND ISOTHERMAL FATIGUE CRACK GROWTH RATE ANALYSIS OF AISI 420 MARTENSITIC STAINLESS STEEL","created_at":"2018-07-28T09:51:31.902-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/37139974/FATIGUE_LIFE_AND_ISOTHERMAL_FATIGUE_CRACK_GROWTH_RATE_ANALYSIS_OF_AISI_420_MARTENSITIC_STAINLESS_STEEL?f_ri=32896","dom_id":"work_37139974","summary":" Low cyclic fatigue analysis at room temperature and crack growth rate under isothermal fatigue at 300-600 °C temperature ranges produced in AISI 420 martensitic stainless steel, using un-cracked solid cylinder specimen. The crack growth monitoring is obtained by using the DCPD machine. The research observes that the fatigue life reduces with increasing the surface roughness condition, while the behaviour of the material at room and high temperature to produce an initial hardening, followed by slow extension until fully plastic saturation then followed by crack initiation and growth eventually reaching the failure, and the effects of increasing temperature decrease the crack initiation period and also the crack length. The fatigue crack growth rate increase with stress intensity factor, and the crack growth rate at 600 °C test temperature less than 500 °C, due to the creep-fatigue taking place.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57090211,"asset_id":37139974,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":83272988,"first_name":"Mohammed Ali Nasser","last_name":"Ali","domain_name":"mtu-iq","page_name":"MohammedAliNasserAli","display_name":"Mohammed Ali Nasser Ali","profile_url":"https://mtu-iq.academia.edu/MohammedAliNasserAli?f_ri=32896","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/83272988/20152871/19895947/s65_mohammed_ali_nasser.ali.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":62,"name":"Thermal Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":522,"name":"Thermodynamics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermodynamics?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_3266155" data-work_id="3266155" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3266155/Crack_growth_life_of_Ti_3Al_2_5V_tubes_under_internal_impulse_pressure">Crack growth life of Ti–3Al–2.5V tubes under internal impulse pressure</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This paper presents application of laser micro-machining (LMM) in introducing a longitudinal (axial) semi-elliptical sharp notch as a pre-crack on external surface of Ti–3Al–2.5V tubes to study fatigue crack growth characteristics. The... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_3266155" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This paper presents application of laser micro-machining (LMM) in introducing a longitudinal (axial) semi-elliptical sharp notch as a pre-crack on external surface of Ti–3Al–2.5V tubes to study fatigue crack growth characteristics. The notch root radius was less than 0.03 mm. Internal impulse pressure test results were obtained for the tubes with a LMM notch of 0.23 mm deep and 0.25 aspect ratio under different internal pressure levels. Fatigue crack growth life was predicted for the tubes and validated by the experimental life data. It is observed that all predicted crack growth life data based on both NASGRO equation and Paris’ law are in good agreement with the experimental life data. Modeling and experimental results indicate that LMM is an appropriate tool for introducing a pre-crack to study fatigue crack growth in titanium and possibly other materials.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/3266155" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="cbaef64bf80d75b8504f4da9d8a6ed16" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50384645,"asset_id":3266155,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50384645/download_file?st=MTczMzk2NjMxNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3759644" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GoodMool">Good Mool</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3759644" type="text/json">{"id":3759644,"first_name":"Good","last_name":"Mool","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GoodMool","display_name":"Good Mool","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GoodMool?f_ri=32896","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3759644/1356911/1675321/s65_good.mool.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_3266155 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="3266155"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 3266155, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_3266155", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_3266155 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3266155; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_3266155"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_3266155 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="3266155"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3266155; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3266155]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_3266155").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_3266155").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="3266155"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="56" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering">Materials Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="56" type="text/json">{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering">Mechanical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="60" type="text/json">{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11404" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Titanium">Titanium</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11404" type="text/json">{"id":11404,"name":"Titanium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Titanium?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32896" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth">Fatigue crack growth</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="32896" type="text/json">{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=3266155]'), work: {"id":3266155,"title":"Crack growth life of Ti–3Al–2.5V tubes under internal impulse pressure","created_at":"2013-04-11T09:20:24.242-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/3266155/Crack_growth_life_of_Ti_3Al_2_5V_tubes_under_internal_impulse_pressure?f_ri=32896","dom_id":"work_3266155","summary":"This paper presents application of laser micro-machining (LMM) in introducing a longitudinal (axial) semi-elliptical sharp notch as a pre-crack on external surface of Ti–3Al–2.5V tubes to study fatigue crack growth characteristics. The notch root radius was less than 0.03 mm. Internal impulse pressure test results were obtained for the tubes with a LMM notch of 0.23 mm deep and 0.25 aspect ratio under different internal pressure levels. Fatigue crack growth life was predicted for the tubes and validated by the experimental life data. It is observed that all predicted crack growth life data based on both NASGRO equation and Paris’ law are in good agreement with the experimental life data. Modeling and experimental results indicate that LMM is an appropriate tool for introducing a pre-crack to study fatigue crack growth in titanium and possibly other materials.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50384645,"asset_id":3266155,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3759644,"first_name":"Good","last_name":"Mool","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GoodMool","display_name":"Good Mool","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GoodMool?f_ri=32896","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3759644/1356911/1675321/s65_good.mool.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":11404,"name":"Titanium","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Titanium?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":1189635,"name":"Aspect Ratio","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aspect_Ratio?f_ri=32896"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_3794947" data-work_id="3794947" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3794947/Effect_of_laser_shock_processing_on_fatigue_crack_growth_and_fracture_toughness_of_6061_T6_aluminum_alloy">Effect of laser shock processing on fatigue crack growth and fracture toughness of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Laser shock processing (LSP) or laser shock peening is a new technique for strengthening metals. This process induces a compressive residual stress field which increases fatigue crack initiation life and reduces fatigue crack growth rate.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_3794947" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Laser shock processing (LSP) or laser shock peening is a new technique for strengthening metals. This process induces a compressive residual stress field which increases fatigue crack initiation life and reduces fatigue crack growth rate. Specimens of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy are used in this investigation. A convergent lens is used to deliver 1.2 J, 8 ns laser pulses by a Q-switch Nd:YAG laser, operating at 10 Hz. The pulses are focused to a diameter of 1.5 mm onto a water-immersed type aluminum samples. Effect of pulse density in the residual stress field is evaluated. Residual stress distribution as a function of depth is assessed by the hole drilling method. It is observed that the higher the pulse density the larger the zone size with compressive residual stress. Densities of 900, 1350 and 2500 pulses/cm2 with infrared (1064 nm) radiation are used. Pre-cracked compact tension specimens were subjected to LSP process and then tested under cyclic loading with R = 0.1. Fatigue crack growth rate is determined and the effect of LSP process parameters is evaluated. Fatigue crack growth rate is compared in specimens with and without LSP process. In addition fracture toughness is determined in specimens with and without LSP treatment. It is observed that LSP reduces fatigue crack growth and increases fracture toughness in the 6061-T6 aluminum alloy.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/3794947" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0067cb602d41eeb2b8fb5d48bab56294" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50133241,"asset_id":3794947,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50133241/download_file?st=MTczMzk2NjMxNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4665438" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MiguelMorales5">Miguel Morales</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4665438" type="text/json">{"id":4665438,"first_name":"Miguel","last_name":"Morales","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MiguelMorales5","display_name":"Miguel Morales","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MiguelMorales5?f_ri=32896","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4665438/1959707/2316579/s65_miguel.morales.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_3794947 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="3794947"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 3794947, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_3794947", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_3794947 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3794947; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_3794947"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_3794947 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="3794947"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3794947; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3794947]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_3794947").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_3794947").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="3794947"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">18</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="56" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering">Materials Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="56" type="text/json">{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering">Mechanical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="60" type="text/json">{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="511" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Science">Materials Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="511" type="text/json">{"id":511,"name":"Materials Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Science?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32896" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth">Fatigue crack growth</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="32896" type="text/json">{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=3794947]'), work: {"id":3794947,"title":"Effect of laser shock processing on fatigue crack growth and fracture toughness of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy","created_at":"2013-06-26T05:04:20.505-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/3794947/Effect_of_laser_shock_processing_on_fatigue_crack_growth_and_fracture_toughness_of_6061_T6_aluminum_alloy?f_ri=32896","dom_id":"work_3794947","summary":"Laser shock processing (LSP) or laser shock peening is a new technique for strengthening metals. This process induces a compressive residual stress field which increases fatigue crack initiation life and reduces fatigue crack growth rate. Specimens of 6061-T6 aluminum alloy are used in this investigation. A convergent lens is used to deliver 1.2 J, 8 ns laser pulses by a Q-switch Nd:YAG laser, operating at 10 Hz. The pulses are focused to a diameter of 1.5 mm onto a water-immersed type aluminum samples. Effect of pulse density in the residual stress field is evaluated. Residual stress distribution as a function of depth is assessed by the hole drilling method. It is observed that the higher the pulse density the larger the zone size with compressive residual stress. Densities of 900, 1350 and 2500 pulses/cm2 with infrared (1064 nm) radiation are used. Pre-cracked compact tension specimens were subjected to LSP process and then tested under cyclic loading with R = 0.1. Fatigue crack growth rate is determined and the effect of LSP process parameters is evaluated. Fatigue crack growth rate is compared in specimens with and without LSP process. In addition fracture toughness is determined in specimens with and without LSP treatment. It is observed that LSP reduces fatigue crack growth and increases fracture toughness in the 6061-T6 aluminum alloy.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50133241,"asset_id":3794947,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4665438,"first_name":"Miguel","last_name":"Morales","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MiguelMorales5","display_name":"Miguel Morales","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MiguelMorales5?f_ri=32896","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4665438/1959707/2316579/s65_miguel.morales.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":511,"name":"Materials Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Science?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":32913,"name":"Neuroimmunology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neuroimmunology?f_ri=32896"},{"id":104120,"name":"Laser Shock Peening","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Laser_Shock_Peening?f_ri=32896"},{"id":183397,"name":"Cyclic Loading","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cyclic_Loading?f_ri=32896"},{"id":250895,"name":"Crack Initiation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crack_Initiation?f_ri=32896"},{"id":304979,"name":"Dislocation Density","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dislocation_Density?f_ri=32896"},{"id":335361,"name":"Infrared","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infrared?f_ri=32896"},{"id":416537,"name":"Chemical Industry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Industry?f_ri=32896"},{"id":503866,"name":"Residual Stress","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Residual_Stress?f_ri=32896"},{"id":626133,"name":"Duplex Stainless Steel","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Duplex_Stainless_Steel?f_ri=32896"},{"id":792388,"name":"Fracture Toughness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fracture_Toughness?f_ri=32896"},{"id":878930,"name":"Sampling Effect","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sampling_Effect?f_ri=32896"},{"id":973996,"name":"Process Parameters","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Process_Parameters?f_ri=32896"},{"id":975772,"name":"Aluminum Alloy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aluminum_Alloy?f_ri=32896"},{"id":1371799,"name":"Corrosion Resistance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Corrosion_Resistance?f_ri=32896"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_21617244" data-work_id="21617244" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/21617244/Effect_of_Temperature_on_Fatigue_Crack_Growth_in_the_Polymer_Abs">Effect of Temperature on Fatigue Crack Growth in the Polymer Abs</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Fatigue crack growth in a commercial grade ABS over the temperature range -50°C to 80°C has been studied. An Arrhenius type relationship between fatigue crack growth rate and absolute temperature was found to describe the experimental... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_21617244" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Fatigue crack growth in a commercial grade ABS over the temperature range -50°C to 80°C has been studied. An Arrhenius type relationship between fatigue crack growth rate and absolute temperature was found to describe the experimental data. At AK = 1 MPa&, the activation energy for crack growth in the temperature range -50°C to 19°C is 3.47 kJ/mole and in the temperature range 30°C to 80°C it is 19.63 kJ/mole. The two different activation energies were found to be associated with the roughness of the fracture surfaces. The roughness of the fracture surfaces is discussed in relation to modes of fatigue crack growth. In the low temperature range (-50°C to 19°C) the fracture surfaces were found to be rather coarse, whereas in the high temperature range (30°C to 80°C) they were found to be somewhat smooth. These different roughnesses were deduced to be due to different modes of crack branching influenced by crazing. A "stress intensity factor"-biased Arrhenius equation for fatigue crack growth successfully predicts growth rates at various temperatures.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/21617244" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8b1356a913b984c52c400e708a9d8523" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":42198078,"asset_id":21617244,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42198078/download_file?st=MTczMzk2NjMxNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="42757915" href="https://kfupm.academia.edu/NesarMerah">Nesar Merah</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="42757915" type="text/json">{"id":42757915,"first_name":"Nesar","last_name":"Merah","domain_name":"kfupm","page_name":"NesarMerah","display_name":"Nesar Merah","profile_url":"https://kfupm.academia.edu/NesarMerah?f_ri=32896","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/42757915/43796825/34686805/s65_nesar.merah.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_21617244 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="21617244"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 21617244, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_21617244", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=21617244]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_21617244").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_21617244").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="21617244"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="56" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering">Materials Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="56" type="text/json">{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering">Mechanical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="60" type="text/json">{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="73" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering">Civil Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="73" type="text/json">{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32896" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth">Fatigue crack growth</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="32896" type="text/json">{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=21617244]'), work: {"id":21617244,"title":"Effect of Temperature on Fatigue Crack Growth in the Polymer Abs","created_at":"2016-02-06T02:33:36.241-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/21617244/Effect_of_Temperature_on_Fatigue_Crack_Growth_in_the_Polymer_Abs?f_ri=32896","dom_id":"work_21617244","summary":"Fatigue crack growth in a commercial grade ABS over the temperature range -50°C to 80°C has been studied. An Arrhenius type relationship between fatigue crack growth rate and absolute temperature was found to describe the experimental data. At AK = 1 MPa\u0026, the activation energy for crack growth in the temperature range -50°C to 19°C is 3.47 kJ/mole and in the temperature range 30°C to 80°C it is 19.63 kJ/mole. The two different activation energies were found to be associated with the roughness of the fracture surfaces. The roughness of the fracture surfaces is discussed in relation to modes of fatigue crack growth. In the low temperature range (-50°C to 19°C) the fracture surfaces were found to be rather coarse, whereas in the high temperature range (30°C to 80°C) they were found to be somewhat smooth. These different roughnesses were deduced to be due to different modes of crack branching influenced by crazing. A \"stress intensity factor\"-biased Arrhenius equation for fatigue crack growth successfully predicts growth rates at various temperatures.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":42198078,"asset_id":21617244,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":42757915,"first_name":"Nesar","last_name":"Merah","domain_name":"kfupm","page_name":"NesarMerah","display_name":"Nesar Merah","profile_url":"https://kfupm.academia.edu/NesarMerah?f_ri=32896","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/42757915/43796825/34686805/s65_nesar.merah.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_30563753" data-work_id="30563753" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30563753/Friction_stir_welding_effects_on_microstructure_and_fatigue_of_aluminum_alloy_7050_T7451">Friction-stir welding effects on microstructure and fatigue of aluminum alloy 7050-T7451</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Aluminum alloy 7050 was friction-stir welded (FSW) in a T7451 temper to investigate the effects on the microstructure and mechanical properties. Results are discussed for the as-welded condition (as-FSW) and for a postweld heat-treated... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_30563753" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Aluminum alloy 7050 was friction-stir welded (FSW) in a T7451 temper to investigate the effects on the microstructure and mechanical properties. Results are discussed for the as-welded condition (as-FSW) and for a postweld heat-treated condition consisting of 121 ЊC for 24 hours (as-FSW ϩ T6). Optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) examination of the weld-nugget region show that the FS welding process transforms the initial millimeter-sized pancake-shaped grains in the parent material to fine 1 to 5 m dynamically recrystallized grains; also, the FS welding process redissolves the strengthening precipitates in the weld-nugget region. In the heat-affected zone (HAZ), the initial grain size is retained, while the size of the strengthening precipitates and of the precipitatefree zone (PFZ) is coarsened by a factor of 5. Tensile specimens tested transverse to the weld show that there is a 25 to 30 pct reduction in the strength level, a 60 pct reduction in the elongation in the as-FSW condition, and that the fracture path is in the HAZ. The postweld heat treatment of 121 ЊC for 24 hours did not result in an improvement either in the strength or the ductility of the welded material. Comparison of fatigue-crack growth rates (FCGRs) between the parent T7451 material and the as-FSW ϩ T6 condition, at a stress ratio of R ϭ 0.33, shows that the FCG resistance of the weldnugget region is decreased, while the FCG resistance of the HAZ is increased. Differences in FCGRs, however, are substantially reduced at a stress ratio of R ϭ 0.70. Analysis of residual stresses, fatiguecrack closure, and fatigue fracture surfaces suggests that decrease in fatigue crack growth resistance in the weld-nugget region is due to an intergranular failure mechanism; in the HAZ region, residual stresses are more dominant than the microstructure improving the fatigue crack growth resistance.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/30563753" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="534cffb75a4e3bd5d88f2e52a0368ce3" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":51005617,"asset_id":30563753,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/51005617/download_file?st=MTczMzk2NjMxNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="58248334" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JohnRuschau">John Ruschau</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="58248334" type="text/json">{"id":58248334,"first_name":"John","last_name":"Ruschau","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JohnRuschau","display_name":"John Ruschau","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JohnRuschau?f_ri=32896","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_30563753 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="30563753"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 30563753, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_30563753", }); 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Results are discussed for the as-welded condition (as-FSW) and for a postweld heat-treated condition consisting of 121 ЊC for 24 hours (as-FSW ϩ T6). Optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) examination of the weld-nugget region show that the FS welding process transforms the initial millimeter-sized pancake-shaped grains in the parent material to fine 1 to 5 m dynamically recrystallized grains; also, the FS welding process redissolves the strengthening precipitates in the weld-nugget region. In the heat-affected zone (HAZ), the initial grain size is retained, while the size of the strengthening precipitates and of the precipitatefree zone (PFZ) is coarsened by a factor of 5. Tensile specimens tested transverse to the weld show that there is a 25 to 30 pct reduction in the strength level, a 60 pct reduction in the elongation in the as-FSW condition, and that the fracture path is in the HAZ. The postweld heat treatment of 121 ЊC for 24 hours did not result in an improvement either in the strength or the ductility of the welded material. Comparison of fatigue-crack growth rates (FCGRs) between the parent T7451 material and the as-FSW ϩ T6 condition, at a stress ratio of R ϭ 0.33, shows that the FCG resistance of the weldnugget region is decreased, while the FCG resistance of the HAZ is increased. Differences in FCGRs, however, are substantially reduced at a stress ratio of R ϭ 0.70. Analysis of residual stresses, fatiguecrack closure, and fatigue fracture surfaces suggests that decrease in fatigue crack growth resistance in the weld-nugget region is due to an intergranular failure mechanism; in the HAZ region, residual stresses are more dominant than the microstructure improving the fatigue crack growth resistance.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":51005617,"asset_id":30563753,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":58248334,"first_name":"John","last_name":"Ruschau","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JohnRuschau","display_name":"John Ruschau","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JohnRuschau?f_ri=32896","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":14076,"name":"Transmission Electron Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transmission_Electron_Microscopy?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":14925,"name":"Heat Treatment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_Treatment?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896"},{"id":107625,"name":"Optical microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Optical_microscopy?f_ri=32896"},{"id":111151,"name":"Friction Stir Welding","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Friction_Stir_Welding?f_ri=32896"},{"id":186099,"name":"Grain size","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Grain_size?f_ri=32896"},{"id":200886,"name":"Metallurgical and Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Metallurgical_and_Materials_Engineering?f_ri=32896"},{"id":473797,"name":"Microstructures","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microstructures?f_ri=32896"},{"id":503866,"name":"Residual Stress","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Residual_Stress?f_ri=32896"},{"id":866975,"name":"Dynamic Recrystallization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dynamic_Recrystallization?f_ri=32896"},{"id":975772,"name":"Aluminum Alloy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aluminum_Alloy?f_ri=32896"},{"id":1242184,"name":"Failure Mechanism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Failure_Mechanism?f_ri=32896"},{"id":1478798,"name":"Heat affected zone","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Heat_affected_zone?f_ri=32896"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4920018" data-work_id="4920018" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4920018/Fatigue_crack_initiation_and_growth_at_holes_in_a_high_strength_bainitic_roller_bearing_steel_when_loaded_with_non_proportional_shear_and_compressive_cycles">Fatigue crack initiation and growth at holes in a high strength bainitic roller bearing steel when loaded with non-proportional shear and compressive cycles</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Fatigue initiation from an artificial defect was investigated for a bainitic high strength roller bearing steel. Thin walled pipe specimens with small holes were subjected to multi-axial and non-proportional load cycles. The experimental... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_4920018" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Fatigue initiation from an artificial defect was investigated for a bainitic high strength roller bearing steel. Thin walled pipe specimens with small holes were subjected to multi-axial and non-proportional load cycles. The experimental fatigue crack positions around the hole were predicted with the Findley critical plane criterion. The criterion also ranked the severeness of three load sequences with respect to fatigue risk. Crack growth simulations and crack life measurements with strain gauges confirmed the ranking between the load sequences. Three uni-axial fatigue series with stress gradients were used to determine surface endurance data for the Findley criterion.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4920018" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ceb0853372ac83260fdcf97bebbb21c3" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":49558344,"asset_id":4920018,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49558344/download_file?st=MTczMzk2NjMxNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="6448089" href="https://independent.academia.edu/BoAlfredsson">Bo Alfredsson</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="6448089" type="text/json">{"id":6448089,"first_name":"Bo","last_name":"Alfredsson","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"BoAlfredsson","display_name":"Bo Alfredsson","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/BoAlfredsson?f_ri=32896","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4920018 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4920018"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4920018, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4920018", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4920018]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_4920018").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_4920018").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="4920018"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering">Mechanical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="60" type="text/json">{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="73" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering">Civil Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="73" type="text/json">{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23076" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue">Fatigue</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="23076" type="text/json">{"id":23076,"name":"Fatigue","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32896" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth">Fatigue crack growth</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="32896" type="text/json">{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=4920018]'), work: {"id":4920018,"title":"Fatigue crack initiation and growth at holes in a high strength bainitic roller bearing steel when loaded with non-proportional shear and compressive cycles","created_at":"2013-10-28T22:54:30.986-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/4920018/Fatigue_crack_initiation_and_growth_at_holes_in_a_high_strength_bainitic_roller_bearing_steel_when_loaded_with_non_proportional_shear_and_compressive_cycles?f_ri=32896","dom_id":"work_4920018","summary":"Fatigue initiation from an artificial defect was investigated for a bainitic high strength roller bearing steel. Thin walled pipe specimens with small holes were subjected to multi-axial and non-proportional load cycles. The experimental fatigue crack positions around the hole were predicted with the Findley critical plane criterion. The criterion also ranked the severeness of three load sequences with respect to fatigue risk. Crack growth simulations and crack life measurements with strain gauges confirmed the ranking between the load sequences. Three uni-axial fatigue series with stress gradients were used to determine surface endurance data for the Findley criterion.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":49558344,"asset_id":4920018,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":6448089,"first_name":"Bo","last_name":"Alfredsson","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"BoAlfredsson","display_name":"Bo Alfredsson","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/BoAlfredsson?f_ri=32896","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":23076,"name":"Fatigue","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":57538,"name":"Crack propagation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crack_propagation?f_ri=32896"},{"id":436756,"name":"Defect","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Defect?f_ri=32896"},{"id":775583,"name":"Shear","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Shear?f_ri=32896"},{"id":1349407,"name":"Strain Gauge","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Strain_Gauge?f_ri=32896"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_5207977" data-work_id="5207977" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5207977/Simulation_of_delamination_in_composites_under_high_cycle_fatigue">Simulation of delamination in composites under high-cycle fatigue</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">excellent ideas, advice and support were invaluable for the completion of this work and I render thanks to them. I would like to express my gratitude to Carlos Dávila for his continuous interest in the work and his valuable comments and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_5207977" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">excellent ideas, advice and support were invaluable for the completion of this work and I render thanks to them. I would like to express my gratitude to Carlos Dávila for his continuous interest in the work and his valuable comments and contributions that were very constructive. I would also like to thank him for having offered me the possibility to visit NASA Langley during the summers of 2004 and 2005. A la Universitat de Girona he tingut la possibilitat de treballar en el grup de recerca AMADE, on en tot moment m'han facilitat la feina. Voldria agraïr a en Narcís Gascons, que fou qui em va introduir dins AMADE. Agraïr especialment l'amistat, els consells i la seva sempre bona disposició d'en Joan Andreu, en Jordi Renart, en Pere Maimí, en Pep, en Benigne, en Norbert, en Dani, l'Elio, en Sergi, l'Emili, la Montse i la Marta, tots plegats hem passat bones estones. I would also like to thank you Cassilda and Sukdee with whom I have shared the different phases of the research stages in Porto and in Hampton, respectively.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/5207977" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="712395c56e5cdfad84154c24570fbe69" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":49401742,"asset_id":5207977,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49401742/download_file?st=MTczMzk2NjMxNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="7089227" href="https://girona.academia.edu/AlbertTuron">Albert Turon</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="7089227" type="text/json">{"id":7089227,"first_name":"Albert","last_name":"Turon","domain_name":"girona","page_name":"AlbertTuron","display_name":"Albert Turon","profile_url":"https://girona.academia.edu/AlbertTuron?f_ri=32896","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7089227/2711278/3156928/s65_albert.turon.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_5207977 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="5207977"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 5207977, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_5207977", }); 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I would like to express my gratitude to Carlos Dávila for his continuous interest in the work and his valuable comments and contributions that were very constructive. I would also like to thank him for having offered me the possibility to visit NASA Langley during the summers of 2004 and 2005. A la Universitat de Girona he tingut la possibilitat de treballar en el grup de recerca AMADE, on en tot moment m'han facilitat la feina. Voldria agraïr a en Narcís Gascons, que fou qui em va introduir dins AMADE. Agraïr especialment l'amistat, els consells i la seva sempre bona disposició d'en Joan Andreu, en Jordi Renart, en Pere Maimí, en Pep, en Benigne, en Norbert, en Dani, l'Elio, en Sergi, l'Emili, la Montse i la Marta, tots plegats hem passat bones estones. I would also like to thank you Cassilda and Sukdee with whom I have shared the different phases of the research stages in Porto and in Hampton, respectively.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":49401742,"asset_id":5207977,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":7089227,"first_name":"Albert","last_name":"Turon","domain_name":"girona","page_name":"AlbertTuron","display_name":"Albert Turon","profile_url":"https://girona.academia.edu/AlbertTuron?f_ri=32896","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7089227/2711278/3156928/s65_albert.turon.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":88,"name":"Aerospace Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aerospace_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":6177,"name":"Modeling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modeling?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":23047,"name":"Fracture Mechanics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fracture_Mechanics?f_ri=32896"},{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896"},{"id":34520,"name":"Damage Mechanics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Damage_Mechanics?f_ri=32896"},{"id":57538,"name":"Crack propagation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crack_propagation?f_ri=32896"},{"id":60658,"name":"Numerical Simulation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Numerical_Simulation?f_ri=32896"},{"id":166454,"name":"Delamination","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Delamination?f_ri=32896"},{"id":169323,"name":"Composite Material","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Composite_Material?f_ri=32896"},{"id":184909,"name":"Structure Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Structure_Analysis?f_ri=32896"},{"id":379199,"name":"Very High Cycle Fatigue","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Very_High_Cycle_Fatigue?f_ri=32896"},{"id":632908,"name":"Epoxy Resin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epoxy_Resin?f_ri=32896"},{"id":728244,"name":"Curve fitting","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Curve_fitting?f_ri=32896"},{"id":869231,"name":"Carbon Fiber","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carbon_Fiber?f_ri=32896"},{"id":1692009,"name":"Fatigue Strength","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_Strength?f_ri=32896"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_14565421" data-work_id="14565421" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/14565421/Growth_of_fretting_fatigue_cracks_in_a_shrink_fitted_joint_subjected_to_rotating_bending">Growth of fretting fatigue cracks in a shrink-fitted joint subjected to rotating bending</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Crack growth in a shrink-fit assembly subjected to rotating bending was studied. Two finite element (FE) models and a numerical routine were implemented to evaluate the contribution of the fretting load and to compute the crack growth.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_14565421" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Crack growth in a shrink-fit assembly subjected to rotating bending was studied. Two finite element (FE) models and a numerical routine were implemented to evaluate the contribution of the fretting load and to compute the crack growth. Numerical results for the crack propagation were compared to each other and to experimental data from the literature. Good agreements were found for the stress intensity factor (SIF) computations and for the crack propagation life. A significant reduction in the fatigue crack propagation life, up to 50%, was found as compared to an equivalent pure bending case.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/14565421" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="412b4d7bb4396078435d9f7a3c34069a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":44061224,"asset_id":14565421,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44061224/download_file?st=MTczMzk2NjMxNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33528486" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RGutkin">R. 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Two finite element (FE) models and a numerical routine were implemented to evaluate the contribution of the fretting load and to compute the crack growth. Numerical results for the crack propagation were compared to each other and to experimental data from the literature. Good agreements were found for the stress intensity factor (SIF) computations and for the crack propagation life. A significant reduction in the fatigue crack propagation life, up to 50%, was found as compared to an equivalent pure bending case.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":44061224,"asset_id":14565421,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":33528486,"first_name":"R.","last_name":"Gutkin","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RGutkin","display_name":"R. Gutkin","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/RGutkin?f_ri=32896","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":23042,"name":"Finite Element","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Finite_Element?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896"},{"id":49273,"name":"Finite Element Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Finite_Element_Analysis?f_ri=32896"},{"id":57538,"name":"Crack propagation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crack_propagation?f_ri=32896"},{"id":197703,"name":"Stress Intensity Factor","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stress_Intensity_Factor?f_ri=32896"},{"id":799004,"name":"Engineering Failure Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering_Failure_Analysis?f_ri=32896"},{"id":1120502,"name":"Experimental Data","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Data?f_ri=32896"},{"id":1138738,"name":"Fatigue Crack Propagation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_Crack_Propagation?f_ri=32896"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_23558595 coauthored" data-work_id="23558595" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/23558595/Effects_of_hydrogen_pressure_and_test_frequency_on_fatigue_crack_growth_properties_of_Ni_Cr_Mo_steel_candidate_for_a_storage_cylinder_of_a_70MPa_hydrogen_filling_station">Effects of hydrogen pressure and test frequency on fatigue crack growth properties of Ni–Cr–Mo steel candidate for a storage cylinder of a 70MPa hydrogen filling station</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Experiments to investigate the effect of hydrogen pressure and test frequency on the fatigue crack growth properties of a Ni-Cr-Mo steel for the storage cylinder of a 70 MPa hydrogen storage station were conducted. Compact tension... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_23558595" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Experiments to investigate the effect of hydrogen pressure and test frequency on the fatigue crack growth properties of a Ni-Cr-Mo steel for the storage cylinder of a 70 MPa hydrogen storage station were conducted. Compact tension specimens were cut out from the storage cylinder. The crack growth properties obtained in hydrogen gas were compared with those obtained in air. Higher hydrogen pressures and lower loading frequencies lead to faster crack growth. However, there is an upper limit to the acceleration of the fatigue crack growth rate in hydrogen gas, which can be used for the design of the hydrogen cylinder. The effect of long and large inclusions present in the steel was also verified. The observations carried out on specimen fracture surfaces showed that the low population of inclusions did not influence the fatigue crack growth rate.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/23558595" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="045f3f5b51850ad64e1d40574097c387" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":43985026,"asset_id":23558595,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43985026/download_file?st=MTczMzk2NjMxNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="45942918" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MaximArtamonov">Maxim Artamonov</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="45942918" type="text/json">{"id":45942918,"first_name":"Maxim","last_name":"Artamonov","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MaximArtamonov","display_name":"Maxim Artamonov","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MaximArtamonov?f_ri=32896","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/45942918/29380460/27352437/s65_maxim.artamonov.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-23558595">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-23558595"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://airliquide.academia.edu/JaderFurtado">Jader Furtado</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-23558595'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-23558595').html(); 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Compact tension specimens were cut out from the storage cylinder. The crack growth properties obtained in hydrogen gas were compared with those obtained in air. Higher hydrogen pressures and lower loading frequencies lead to faster crack growth. However, there is an upper limit to the acceleration of the fatigue crack growth rate in hydrogen gas, which can be used for the design of the hydrogen cylinder. The effect of long and large inclusions present in the steel was also verified. The observations carried out on specimen fracture surfaces showed that the low population of inclusions did not influence the fatigue crack growth rate.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":43985026,"asset_id":23558595,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":45942918,"first_name":"Maxim","last_name":"Artamonov","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MaximArtamonov","display_name":"Maxim Artamonov","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MaximArtamonov?f_ri=32896","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/45942918/29380460/27352437/s65_maxim.artamonov.jpg"},{"id":31244602,"first_name":"Jader","last_name":"Furtado","domain_name":"airliquide","page_name":"JaderFurtado","display_name":"Jader Furtado","profile_url":"https://airliquide.academia.edu/JaderFurtado?f_ri=32896","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":21551,"name":"Hydrogen Storage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hydrogen_Storage?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":156139,"name":"Life Prediction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Life_Prediction?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":197703,"name":"Stress Intensity Factor","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stress_Intensity_Factor?f_ri=32896"},{"id":250889,"name":"Hydrogen Embrittlement","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hydrogen_Embrittlement?f_ri=32896"},{"id":1138738,"name":"Fatigue Crack Propagation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_Crack_Propagation?f_ri=32896"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_22239641" data-work_id="22239641" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/22239641/Failure_Modes_in_Ceramic_Based_Layer_Structures_A_Basis_for_Materials_Design_of_Dental_Crowns">Failure Modes in Ceramic-Based Layer Structures: A Basis for Materials Design of Dental Crowns</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/22239641" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="535180afb7f8e26d481bfb73b3fcf01f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":42890822,"asset_id":22239641,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42890822/download_file?st=MTczMzk2NjMxNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="43605782" href="https://just.academia.edu/TarekQasim">Tarek Qasim</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="43605782" type="text/json">{"id":43605782,"first_name":"Tarek","last_name":"Qasim","domain_name":"just","page_name":"TarekQasim","display_name":"Tarek Qasim","profile_url":"https://just.academia.edu/TarekQasim?f_ri=32896","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_22239641 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="22239641"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 22239641, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_22239641", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22239641]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_22239641").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_22239641").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="22239641"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="56" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering">Materials Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="56" type="text/json">{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering">Mechanical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="60" type="text/json">{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32896" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth">Fatigue crack growth</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="32896" type="text/json">{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="161176" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The">The</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="161176" type="text/json">{"id":161176,"name":"The","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=22239641]'), work: {"id":22239641,"title":"Failure Modes in Ceramic-Based Layer Structures: A Basis for Materials Design of Dental Crowns","created_at":"2016-02-20T22:42:01.835-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/22239641/Failure_Modes_in_Ceramic_Based_Layer_Structures_A_Basis_for_Materials_Design_of_Dental_Crowns?f_ri=32896","dom_id":"work_22239641","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":42890822,"asset_id":22239641,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":43605782,"first_name":"Tarek","last_name":"Qasim","domain_name":"just","page_name":"TarekQasim","display_name":"Tarek Qasim","profile_url":"https://just.academia.edu/TarekQasim?f_ri=32896","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":161176,"name":"The","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":170389,"name":"Materials Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Design?f_ri=32896"},{"id":183397,"name":"Cyclic Loading","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cyclic_Loading?f_ri=32896"},{"id":390999,"name":"Layered Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Layered_Structure?f_ri=32896"},{"id":503866,"name":"Residual Stress","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Residual_Stress?f_ri=32896"},{"id":1001094,"name":"Material Properties","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Material_Properties?f_ri=32896"},{"id":1364373,"name":"Failure Mode","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Failure_Mode?f_ri=32896"},{"id":1993786,"name":"Cumulant","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cumulant?f_ri=32896"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_49254243" data-work_id="49254243" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/49254243/Failure_analysis_of_flexible_metal_hose_at_compressor_discharge">Failure analysis of flexible metal hose at compressor discharge</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Flexible hoses are sometimes placed at compressor discharge to minimize the effect of vibrations on piping and vessels. Doing well for this purpose, these elements can suffer dynamic loads from gas pulsation and fail. The root cause of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_49254243" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Flexible hoses are sometimes placed at compressor discharge to minimize the effect of vibrations on piping and vessels. Doing well for this purpose, these elements can suffer dynamic loads from gas pulsation and fail. The root cause of the failure of a flexible connection at the discharge of an oil distillery propane alternating compressor is investigated. The connection is a 150 mm stainless steel corrugated metal hose with an external braid. The failure took place by overload of the braid, after wear of the wires. The fractures in the wires were consequence of fatigue crack propagation in previously worn areas. It was found that the flexible connection was under a larger working pressure than the maximum allowable as defined by the manufacturer. The failed flexible had thinner wires and different braid design than those previously used by the user. Recommendations include procedures to verify dimensions previous to assembly and to increase the inspection frequency of these elements, as well as to verify vibration levels of the connected machines. An elastomer material placed between corrugated and braid would diminish the rate of wear caused by vibrations.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/49254243" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="84684b454efc1bd99274cdd4de876080" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":67638176,"asset_id":49254243,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/67638176/download_file?st=MTczMzk2NjMxNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="65558970" href="https://independent.academia.edu/FreeSpirit9">Free Spirit</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="65558970" type="text/json">{"id":65558970,"first_name":"Free","last_name":"Spirit","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"FreeSpirit9","display_name":"Free Spirit","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/FreeSpirit9?f_ri=32896","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_49254243 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="49254243"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 49254243, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_49254243", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=49254243]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_49254243").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_49254243").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="49254243"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="56" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering">Materials Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="56" type="text/json">{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering">Mechanical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="60" type="text/json">{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="73" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering">Civil Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="73" type="text/json">{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32896" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth">Fatigue crack growth</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="32896" type="text/json">{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=49254243]'), work: {"id":49254243,"title":"Failure analysis of flexible metal hose at compressor discharge","created_at":"2021-06-15T13:22:39.929-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/49254243/Failure_analysis_of_flexible_metal_hose_at_compressor_discharge?f_ri=32896","dom_id":"work_49254243","summary":"Flexible hoses are sometimes placed at compressor discharge to minimize the effect of vibrations on piping and vessels. Doing well for this purpose, these elements can suffer dynamic loads from gas pulsation and fail. The root cause of the failure of a flexible connection at the discharge of an oil distillery propane alternating compressor is investigated. The connection is a 150 mm stainless steel corrugated metal hose with an external braid. The failure took place by overload of the braid, after wear of the wires. The fractures in the wires were consequence of fatigue crack propagation in previously worn areas. It was found that the flexible connection was under a larger working pressure than the maximum allowable as defined by the manufacturer. The failed flexible had thinner wires and different braid design than those previously used by the user. Recommendations include procedures to verify dimensions previous to assembly and to increase the inspection frequency of these elements, as well as to verify vibration levels of the connected machines. An elastomer material placed between corrugated and braid would diminish the rate of wear caused by vibrations.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":67638176,"asset_id":49254243,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":65558970,"first_name":"Free","last_name":"Spirit","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"FreeSpirit9","display_name":"Free Spirit","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/FreeSpirit9?f_ri=32896","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":45676,"name":"Failure Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Failure_Analysis?f_ri=32896"},{"id":128789,"name":"Stainless Steel","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stainless_Steel?f_ri=32896"},{"id":646015,"name":"Dynamic Loading","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dynamic_Loading?f_ri=32896"},{"id":799004,"name":"Engineering Failure Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering_Failure_Analysis?f_ri=32896"},{"id":1138738,"name":"Fatigue Crack Propagation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_Crack_Propagation?f_ri=32896"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_2969202" data-work_id="2969202" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/2969202/A_literature_survey_on_fatigue_analysis_approaches_for_rubber">A literature survey on fatigue analysis approaches for rubber</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Rubber components subjected to fluctuating loads often fail due to the nucleation and growth of defects or cracks. The prevention of such failures depends upon an understanding of the mechanics underlying the failure process. This paper... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_2969202" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Rubber components subjected to fluctuating loads often fail due to the nucleation and growth of defects or cracks. The prevention of such failures depends upon an understanding of the mechanics underlying the failure process. This paper reviews analysis approaches that are currently available for predicting fatigue life in rubber. Both crack nucleation and crack growth approaches are considered. A discussion of each approach's strengths and limitations, and examples of how these approaches have been applied in engineering analysis are presented.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/2969202" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="175889b609912c8901dc8eed29a78b37" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50526430,"asset_id":2969202,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50526430/download_file?st=MTczMzk2NjMxNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3469080" href="https://vtu-in.academia.edu/chetandeshinge">chetan deshinge</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3469080" type="text/json">{"id":3469080,"first_name":"chetan","last_name":"deshinge","domain_name":"vtu-in","page_name":"chetandeshinge","display_name":"chetan deshinge","profile_url":"https://vtu-in.academia.edu/chetandeshinge?f_ri=32896","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_2969202 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="2969202"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 2969202, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_2969202", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_2969202 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 2969202; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_2969202"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_2969202 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="2969202"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 2969202; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=2969202]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_2969202").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_2969202").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="2969202"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering">Mechanical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="60" type="text/json">{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="73" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering">Civil Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="73" type="text/json">{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23076" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue">Fatigue</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="23076" type="text/json">{"id":23076,"name":"Fatigue","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32896" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth">Fatigue crack growth</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="32896" type="text/json">{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=2969202]'), work: {"id":2969202,"title":"A literature survey on fatigue analysis approaches for rubber","created_at":"2013-03-12T18:22:29.131-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/2969202/A_literature_survey_on_fatigue_analysis_approaches_for_rubber?f_ri=32896","dom_id":"work_2969202","summary":"Rubber components subjected to fluctuating loads often fail due to the nucleation and growth of defects or cracks. The prevention of such failures depends upon an understanding of the mechanics underlying the failure process. This paper reviews analysis approaches that are currently available for predicting fatigue life in rubber. Both crack nucleation and crack growth approaches are considered. A discussion of each approach's strengths and limitations, and examples of how these approaches have been applied in engineering analysis are presented.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50526430,"asset_id":2969202,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3469080,"first_name":"chetan","last_name":"deshinge","domain_name":"vtu-in","page_name":"chetandeshinge","display_name":"chetan deshinge","profile_url":"https://vtu-in.academia.edu/chetandeshinge?f_ri=32896","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":73,"name":"Civil Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Civil_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":23076,"name":"Fatigue","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":159943,"name":"Nucleation and Growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nucleation_and_Growth?f_ri=32896"},{"id":862722,"name":"Fatigue Life","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_Life?f_ri=32896"},{"id":1506149,"name":"Literature survey","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Literature_survey?f_ri=32896"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_17425669" data-work_id="17425669" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/17425669/Fatigue_and_Fracture_Degradation_Inspection_of_Offshore_Structures_and_Mechanical_Items_The_State_of_the_Art">Fatigue and Fracture Degradation Inspection of Offshore Structures and Mechanical Items: The State of the Art</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">A significant number of offshore structures and mechanical items installed in production systems on the Norwegian Continental Shelf (NCS) are either approaching or have exceeded their intended design life. However, with the help of the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_17425669" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">A significant number of offshore structures and mechanical items installed in production systems on the Norwegian Continental Shelf (NCS) are either approaching or have exceeded their intended design life. However, with the help of the advancement of technology and analysis approaches, most of the offshore production facilities are being considered for life extension. This requires regular inspection, fitness for service (FFS) assessment, remnant life assessment, maintenance and repair (or modification). In this context, fatigue and fracture related degradation play a vital role. Hence, this paper discusses the state of the art as well as two major methodologies used for fatigue life prediction of structures and mechanical items. The first (S-N approach) is based on experimentally derived S-N curves and linear damage rule (LDR). Since LDR does not take sequence effect of loading into account the S-N approach often leads to overestimation / underestimation of fatigue life. Hence, this paper also takes into simultaneous consideration the second approach, which relies on the principles of fracture mechanics (FM) and crack growth analysis.  Furthermore, the paper discusses damage tolerance analysis (DTA) and the role of Risk Based Inspection (RBI) to detect cracks before they grow to a critical level and cause catastrophic failure of the component. Thereafter, the paper discusses the reliability of Non-Destructive Evaluation (NDE) methods quantified in terms of Probability of Detection (PoD), to identify the flaw size and location. Finally, probabilistic crack growth (PCG) models used for remaining useful life estimation (RULE) and for planning inspection regimes of structural and mechanical items are discussed briefly.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/17425669" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="42c3dd72dd47d07f1320e19a85849e51" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":39500465,"asset_id":17425669,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39500465/download_file?st=MTczMzk2NjMxNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="37153383" href="https://stavanger.academia.edu/ArvindKeprate">Arvind Keprate</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="37153383" type="text/json">{"id":37153383,"first_name":"Arvind","last_name":"Keprate","domain_name":"stavanger","page_name":"ArvindKeprate","display_name":"Arvind Keprate","profile_url":"https://stavanger.academia.edu/ArvindKeprate?f_ri=32896","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/37153383/10556233/11781546/s65_arvind.keprate.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_17425669 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="17425669"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 17425669, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_17425669", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_17425669 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17425669; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_17425669"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_17425669 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="17425669"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 17425669; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=17425669]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_17425669").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_17425669").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="17425669"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32896" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth">Fatigue crack growth</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="32896" type="text/json">{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=17425669]'), work: {"id":17425669,"title":"Fatigue and Fracture Degradation Inspection of Offshore Structures and Mechanical Items: The State of the Art","created_at":"2015-10-28T10:12:08.790-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/17425669/Fatigue_and_Fracture_Degradation_Inspection_of_Offshore_Structures_and_Mechanical_Items_The_State_of_the_Art?f_ri=32896","dom_id":"work_17425669","summary":"A significant number of offshore structures and mechanical items installed in production systems on the Norwegian Continental Shelf (NCS) are either approaching or have exceeded their intended design life. However, with the help of the advancement of technology and analysis approaches, most of the offshore production facilities are being considered for life extension. This requires regular inspection, fitness for service (FFS) assessment, remnant life assessment, maintenance and repair (or modification). In this context, fatigue and fracture related degradation play a vital role. Hence, this paper discusses the state of the art as well as two major methodologies used for fatigue life prediction of structures and mechanical items. The first (S-N approach) is based on experimentally derived S-N curves and linear damage rule (LDR). Since LDR does not take sequence effect of loading into account the S-N approach often leads to overestimation / underestimation of fatigue life. Hence, this paper also takes into simultaneous consideration the second approach, which relies on the principles of fracture mechanics (FM) and crack growth analysis. Furthermore, the paper discusses damage tolerance analysis (DTA) and the role of Risk Based Inspection (RBI) to detect cracks before they grow to a critical level and cause catastrophic failure of the component. Thereafter, the paper discusses the reliability of Non-Destructive Evaluation (NDE) methods quantified in terms of Probability of Detection (PoD), to identify the flaw size and location. Finally, probabilistic crack growth (PCG) models used for remaining useful life estimation (RULE) and for planning inspection regimes of structural and mechanical items are discussed briefly.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":39500465,"asset_id":17425669,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":37153383,"first_name":"Arvind","last_name":"Keprate","domain_name":"stavanger","page_name":"ArvindKeprate","display_name":"Arvind Keprate","profile_url":"https://stavanger.academia.edu/ArvindKeprate?f_ri=32896","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/37153383/10556233/11781546/s65_arvind.keprate.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_14197854" data-work_id="14197854" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/14197854/Review_of_Fatigue_Design_Procedures_for_Pressure_Vessels">Review of Fatigue Design Procedures for Pressure Vessels</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">When applying detailed fatigue analysis to welds in pressure vessels, designers encounter practical difficulties with the methods required by national standards such as ASME BPV Section VIII Div. 2, BS5500 and AS1210. This paper... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_14197854" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">When applying detailed fatigue analysis to welds in pressure vessels, designers encounter practical difficulties with the methods required by national standards such as ASME BPV Section VIII Div. 2, BS5500 and AS1210. <br /><br />This paper discusses the main fatigue design stress parameters, being <br />a) the stress intensity range and b) the principal stress range, <br />and evaluates these for their validity over the scope of fatigue conditions they are required to predict. <br /><br /><br />It was concluded that a practical and conservative approach for a given weld detail is to calculate a geometric stress at the critical location, select the larger of the two parameters, and to compare this to a fatigue curve based on undressed welded specimens. It was further concluded that an additional fatigue strength reduction factor of 2 be superimposed when the principal stress direction changes significantly.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/14197854" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ec3b4eca4ed78e6dc615a4574f223674" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":38233027,"asset_id":14197854,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/38233027/download_file?st=MTczMzk2NjMxNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33185297" href="https://unsw.academia.edu/HelmutMayer">Helmut Mayer</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33185297" type="text/json">{"id":33185297,"first_name":"Helmut","last_name":"Mayer","domain_name":"unsw","page_name":"HelmutMayer","display_name":"Helmut Mayer","profile_url":"https://unsw.academia.edu/HelmutMayer?f_ri=32896","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/33185297/31169400/28728683/s65_helmut.mayer.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_14197854 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="14197854"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 14197854, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_14197854", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=14197854]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_14197854").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_14197854").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="14197854"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32896" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth">Fatigue crack growth</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="32896" type="text/json">{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=14197854]'), work: {"id":14197854,"title":"Review of Fatigue Design Procedures for Pressure Vessels","created_at":"2015-07-19T21:57:02.622-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/14197854/Review_of_Fatigue_Design_Procedures_for_Pressure_Vessels?f_ri=32896","dom_id":"work_14197854","summary":"\nWhen applying detailed fatigue analysis to welds in pressure vessels, designers encounter practical difficulties with the methods required by national standards such as ASME BPV Section VIII Div. 2, BS5500 and AS1210. \n\nThis paper discusses the main fatigue design stress parameters, being \na) the stress intensity range and b) the principal stress range, \nand evaluates these for their validity over the scope of fatigue conditions they are required to predict. \n\n\nIt was concluded that a practical and conservative approach for a given weld detail is to calculate a geometric stress at the critical location, select the larger of the two parameters, and to compare this to a fatigue curve based on undressed welded specimens. It was further concluded that an additional fatigue strength reduction factor of 2 be superimposed when the principal stress direction changes significantly.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":38233027,"asset_id":14197854,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":33185297,"first_name":"Helmut","last_name":"Mayer","domain_name":"unsw","page_name":"HelmutMayer","display_name":"Helmut Mayer","profile_url":"https://unsw.academia.edu/HelmutMayer?f_ri=32896","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/33185297/31169400/28728683/s65_helmut.mayer.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_605503" data-work_id="605503" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/605503/Driver_fatigue_The_importance_of_identifying_causal_factors_of_fatigue_when_considering_detection_and_countermeasure_technologies">Driver fatigue: The importance of identifying causal factors of fatigue when considering detection and countermeasure technologies</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/605503" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="53e7e16372c38dde7e61529dc117c6b0" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":51338458,"asset_id":605503,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/51338458/download_file?st=MTczMzk2NjMxNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="33312" href="https://gmu.academia.edu/CarrylBaldwin">Carryl Baldwin</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="33312" type="text/json">{"id":33312,"first_name":"Carryl","last_name":"Baldwin","domain_name":"gmu","page_name":"CarrylBaldwin","display_name":"Carryl Baldwin","profile_url":"https://gmu.academia.edu/CarrylBaldwin?f_ri=32896","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/33312/81930/89794/s65_carryl.baldwin.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_605503 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="605503"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 605503, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_605503", }); 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Low-cycle fatigue and fatigue crack growth testing of the tool materials are used in combination with ®nite element modelling... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_21365712" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In the present investigation it is shown how the tool life of heavily loaded cold-forging dies can be predicted. Low-cycle fatigue and fatigue crack growth testing of the tool materials are used in combination with ®nite element modelling to obtain predictions of tool lives. In the models the number of forming cycles is calculated ®rst to crack initiation and then during crack growth to fatal failure. An investigation of a critical die insert in an industrial cold-forging tool as regards the in¯uence of notch radius, the amount and method of pre-stressing and the selected tool material is reported. # 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. (P. Skov-Hansen) 0924-0136/99/$ ± see front matter # 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. PII: S 0 9 2 4 -0 1 3 6 ( 9 9 ) 0 0 3 1 9 -2</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/21365712" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c728c875785f53c8288e3271b263a7c2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":41835887,"asset_id":21365712,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/41835887/download_file?st=MTczMzk2NjMxNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="31626732" href="https://novonordisk.academia.edu/pederskovhansen">peder skov-hansen</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="31626732" type="text/json">{"id":31626732,"first_name":"peder","last_name":"skov-hansen","domain_name":"novonordisk","page_name":"pederskovhansen","display_name":"peder skov-hansen","profile_url":"https://novonordisk.academia.edu/pederskovhansen?f_ri=32896","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_21365712 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="21365712"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 21365712, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_21365712", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=21365712]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_21365712").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_21365712").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="21365712"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="56" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering">Materials Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="56" type="text/json">{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering">Mechanical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="60" type="text/json">{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32896" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth">Fatigue crack growth</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="32896" type="text/json">{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="61102" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Finite_element_modelling">Finite element modelling</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="61102" type="text/json">{"id":61102,"name":"Finite element modelling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Finite_element_modelling?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=21365712]'), work: {"id":21365712,"title":"Fatigue in cold-forging dies: tool life analysis","created_at":"2016-01-31T23:53:33.489-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/21365712/Fatigue_in_cold_forging_dies_tool_life_analysis?f_ri=32896","dom_id":"work_21365712","summary":"In the present investigation it is shown how the tool life of heavily loaded cold-forging dies can be predicted. Low-cycle fatigue and fatigue crack growth testing of the tool materials are used in combination with ®nite element modelling to obtain predictions of tool lives. In the models the number of forming cycles is calculated ®rst to crack initiation and then during crack growth to fatal failure. An investigation of a critical die insert in an industrial cold-forging tool as regards the in¯uence of notch radius, the amount and method of pre-stressing and the selected tool material is reported. # 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. (P. Skov-Hansen) 0924-0136/99/$ ± see front matter # 1999 Elsevier Science S.A. All rights reserved. PII: S 0 9 2 4 -0 1 3 6 ( 9 9 ) 0 0 3 1 9 -2","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":41835887,"asset_id":21365712,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":31626732,"first_name":"peder","last_name":"skov-hansen","domain_name":"novonordisk","page_name":"pederskovhansen","display_name":"peder skov-hansen","profile_url":"https://novonordisk.academia.edu/pederskovhansen?f_ri=32896","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":56,"name":"Materials Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materials_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":61102,"name":"Finite element modelling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Finite_element_modelling?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":96825,"name":"Manufacturing Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Manufacturing_Engineering?f_ri=32896"},{"id":250895,"name":"Crack Initiation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crack_Initiation?f_ri=32896"},{"id":550550,"name":"Cold Forging","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cold_Forging?f_ri=32896"},{"id":753123,"name":"Tool Materials","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tool_Materials?f_ri=32896"},{"id":828796,"name":"Tool life","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tool_life?f_ri=32896"},{"id":862722,"name":"Fatigue Life","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_Life?f_ri=32896"},{"id":900842,"name":"Low Cycle Fatigue","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Low_Cycle_Fatigue?f_ri=32896"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_8217423" data-work_id="8217423" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8217423/Residual_Life_Evaluation_and_Boiler_Piping_Repair_RESIDUAL_LIFE_EVALUATION_AND_REPAIR_PROCEDURES_FOR_HIGH_TEMPERATURE_BOILER_PIPING">Residual Life Evaluation and Boiler Piping Repair RESIDUAL LIFE EVALUATION AND REPAIR PROCEDURES FOR HIGH TEMPERATURE BOILER PIPING</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">First, Japanese guidelines for the residual life assessment techniques of power boiler materials are described which are applied to extend the intervals of periodic inspection in the aged power plants. Secondly, damage morphologies which... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_8217423" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">First, Japanese guidelines for the residual life assessment techniques of power boiler materials are described which are applied to extend the intervals of periodic inspection in the aged power plants. Secondly, damage morphologies which are important in the long-term operating components are mentioned including creep-fatigue damage, type IV cracking and ligament cracking. Among these damages, the evaluation of crack growth should be allowed for creep-fatigue damage and ligament cracking, while it shouldn't be allowed for type IV cracking. Thirdly, the concepts of in-house maintenance procedures including repair welding are introduced for high temperature steam piping.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/8217423" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="18504992d26ada09b8a565b2beec3a14" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":34644226,"asset_id":8217423,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/34644226/download_file?st=MTczMzk2NjMxNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="16162561" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AdrienRadovic">Adrien Radovic</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="16162561" type="text/json">{"id":16162561,"first_name":"Adrien","last_name":"Radovic","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AdrienRadovic","display_name":"Adrien Radovic","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AdrienRadovic?f_ri=32896","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_8217423 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="8217423"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 8217423, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_8217423", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=8217423]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_8217423").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_8217423").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="8217423"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="60" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering">Mechanical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="60" type="text/json">{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="32896" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth">Fatigue crack growth</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="32896" type="text/json">{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="87372" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Maintenance">Maintenance</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="87372" type="text/json">{"id":87372,"name":"Maintenance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Maintenance?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="194830" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Creep-Fatigue">Creep-Fatigue</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="194830" type="text/json">{"id":194830,"name":"Creep-Fatigue","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Creep-Fatigue?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=8217423]'), work: {"id":8217423,"title":"Residual Life Evaluation and Boiler Piping Repair RESIDUAL LIFE EVALUATION AND REPAIR PROCEDURES FOR HIGH TEMPERATURE BOILER PIPING","created_at":"2014-09-06T02:38:53.487-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/8217423/Residual_Life_Evaluation_and_Boiler_Piping_Repair_RESIDUAL_LIFE_EVALUATION_AND_REPAIR_PROCEDURES_FOR_HIGH_TEMPERATURE_BOILER_PIPING?f_ri=32896","dom_id":"work_8217423","summary":"First, Japanese guidelines for the residual life assessment techniques of power boiler materials are described which are applied to extend the intervals of periodic inspection in the aged power plants. Secondly, damage morphologies which are important in the long-term operating components are mentioned including creep-fatigue damage, type IV cracking and ligament cracking. Among these damages, the evaluation of crack growth should be allowed for creep-fatigue damage and ligament cracking, while it shouldn't be allowed for type IV cracking. Thirdly, the concepts of in-house maintenance procedures including repair welding are introduced for high temperature steam piping.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":34644226,"asset_id":8217423,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":16162561,"first_name":"Adrien","last_name":"Radovic","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AdrienRadovic","display_name":"Adrien Radovic","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AdrienRadovic?f_ri=32896","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":60,"name":"Mechanical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mechanical_Engineering?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":87372,"name":"Maintenance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Maintenance?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":194830,"name":"Creep-Fatigue","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Creep-Fatigue?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":234084,"name":"Mean Residual Life","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mean_Residual_Life?f_ri=32896"},{"id":1440830,"name":"Boiler","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Boiler?f_ri=32896"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_15483916" data-work_id="15483916" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/15483916/Fatigue_Crack_Growth_and_Life_Descriptions_of_Sn3_8Ag0_7Cu_Solder_Joints_A_Computational_and_Experimental_Study">Fatigue Crack Growth and Life Descriptions of Sn3. 8Ag0. 7Cu Solder Joints: A Computational and Experimental Study</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The need for predicting fatigue life in solder joints is well appreciated at the present time. Currently, however, there are very few experimentally validated material parameters for popular SnAgCu alloys. Furthermore, the validity of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_15483916" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The need for predicting fatigue life in solder joints is well appreciated at the present time. Currently, however, there are very few experimentally validated material parameters for popular SnAgCu alloys. Furthermore, the validity of Coffin-Manson life models, being empirical, also needs to be explored for these alloys which creep in a manner significantly different from SnPb solder alloys. In this paper, we present a modeling approach inspired by cohesive zone theory of modern fracture mechanics and Weibull distributions of material failure. The approach relies on the accurate estimation of inelastic strains at the crack tip estimated through finite element analysis, which are then used to make decisions on crack propagation. Like most popular cohesive zone models, the modeling approach presented here requires the estimation of two parameters. Unlike most cohesive zone models however, no special elements are needed in the finite element model and estimation of the parameters is more straightforward. We demonstrate the applicability of the modeling approach via the simulation of fatigue crack growth in Sn3.8Ag0.7Cu solder joints subjected to anisotropic thermal cycling. Anisotropic thermal cycling conditions were created experimentally using a simulated power cycling testing device and fatigue crack fronts were tracked at different life cycles using traditional dye-and-pry methods. The experiments were repeated for varying temperature profiles. Experimental results were coupled with numerical analysis to obtain fracture parameters for Sn3.8Ag0.7Cu. The model and the parameters were then validated by verifying their predictive ability against a variety of temperature profiles. In a separate study, the authors have developed a time hardening creep model for describing the behavior of Sn3.8Ag0.7Cu. The time hardening model accounts for primary and secondary creep and does not restrict itself to the assumption of steady state creep. The need for accurate estimation of inelastic strains in the finite element model is thus met using a valid constitutive model to describe solder creep behavior. The ability of the model to predict three dimensional crack fronts for a variety of fatigue loading environments, with sufficient accuracy, is a key result of this work.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/15483916" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f812a6b57589dc8f63cbfd428c0e9ea0" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":43152221,"asset_id":15483916,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43152221/download_file?st=MTczMzk2NjMxNSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="34626221" href="https://purdue.academia.edu/GaneshSubbarayan">Ganesh Subbarayan</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="34626221" type="text/json">{"id":34626221,"first_name":"Ganesh","last_name":"Subbarayan","domain_name":"purdue","page_name":"GaneshSubbarayan","display_name":"Ganesh Subbarayan","profile_url":"https://purdue.academia.edu/GaneshSubbarayan?f_ri=32896","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/34626221/30482183/28243245/s65_ganesh.subbarayan.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_15483916 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="15483916"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 15483916, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_15483916", }); 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Currently, however, there are very few experimentally validated material parameters for popular SnAgCu alloys. Furthermore, the validity of Coffin-Manson life models, being empirical, also needs to be explored for these alloys which creep in a manner significantly different from SnPb solder alloys. In this paper, we present a modeling approach inspired by cohesive zone theory of modern fracture mechanics and Weibull distributions of material failure. The approach relies on the accurate estimation of inelastic strains at the crack tip estimated through finite element analysis, which are then used to make decisions on crack propagation. Like most popular cohesive zone models, the modeling approach presented here requires the estimation of two parameters. Unlike most cohesive zone models however, no special elements are needed in the finite element model and estimation of the parameters is more straightforward. We demonstrate the applicability of the modeling approach via the simulation of fatigue crack growth in Sn3.8Ag0.7Cu solder joints subjected to anisotropic thermal cycling. Anisotropic thermal cycling conditions were created experimentally using a simulated power cycling testing device and fatigue crack fronts were tracked at different life cycles using traditional dye-and-pry methods. The experiments were repeated for varying temperature profiles. Experimental results were coupled with numerical analysis to obtain fracture parameters for Sn3.8Ag0.7Cu. The model and the parameters were then validated by verifying their predictive ability against a variety of temperature profiles. In a separate study, the authors have developed a time hardening creep model for describing the behavior of Sn3.8Ag0.7Cu. The time hardening model accounts for primary and secondary creep and does not restrict itself to the assumption of steady state creep. The need for accurate estimation of inelastic strains in the finite element model is thus met using a valid constitutive model to describe solder creep behavior. The ability of the model to predict three dimensional crack fronts for a variety of fatigue loading environments, with sufficient accuracy, is a key result of this work.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":43152221,"asset_id":15483916,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":34626221,"first_name":"Ganesh","last_name":"Subbarayan","domain_name":"purdue","page_name":"GaneshSubbarayan","display_name":"Ganesh Subbarayan","profile_url":"https://purdue.academia.edu/GaneshSubbarayan?f_ri=32896","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/34626221/30482183/28243245/s65_ganesh.subbarayan.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":12022,"name":"Numerical Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Numerical_Analysis?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":32896,"name":"Fatigue crack growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatigue_crack_growth?f_ri=32896","nofollow":false},{"id":47947,"name":"Fracture and cohesive zone 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