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vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Viewpoints"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Viewpoints </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Viewpoints-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-"Payback"_controversy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#"Payback"_controversy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.1 "Payback" controversy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-"Payback"_controversy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Comment_on_King_Abdullah" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Comment_on_King_Abdullah"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.2 Comment on King Abdullah </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Comment_on_King_Abdullah-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Loan_to_Argentina" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Loan_to_Argentina"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2.3 Loan to Argentina </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Loan_to_Argentina-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-European_Central_Bank" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#European_Central_Bank"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 European Central Bank </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-European_Central_Bank-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle European Central Bank subsection </button> <ul id="toc-European_Central_Bank-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Nomination" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nomination"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Nomination </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nomination-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_post" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_post"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.2 In post </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_post-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_activities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_activities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Other activities </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Other_activities-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Other activities subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Other_activities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-European_Union_institutions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#European_Union_institutions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.1 European Union institutions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-European_Union_institutions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_organizations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_organizations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.2 International organizations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_organizations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Non-profit_organizations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Non-profit_organizations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3 Non-profit organizations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Non-profit_organizations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Academic_institutions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Academic_institutions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.4 Academic institutions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Academic_institutions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Controversy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Controversy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Controversy </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Controversy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Controversy subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Controversy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-The_Lagarde_list" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Lagarde_list"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.1 The Lagarde list </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Lagarde_list-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Conviction_of_negligence_in_allowing_the_misuse_of_public_funds" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Conviction_of_negligence_in_allowing_the_misuse_of_public_funds"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7.2 Conviction of negligence in allowing the misuse of public funds </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Conviction_of_negligence_in_allowing_the_misuse_of_public_funds-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Media </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Recognition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Recognition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Recognition </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Recognition-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Recognition subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Recognition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Awards" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Awards"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.1 Awards </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Awards-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Honours" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Honours"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.2 Honours </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Honours-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Honorary_doctorate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Honorary_doctorate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9.3 Honorary doctorate </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Honorary_doctorate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Personal life </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 External links </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-External_links-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle External links subsection </button> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Official" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Official"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.1 Official </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Official-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.2 Other </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Christine Lagarde</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 74 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-74" aria-hidden="true" > 74 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%86_%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="كريستين لاغارد – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كريستين لاغارد" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Lagarde" title="Christine Lagarde – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Christine Lagarde" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A6" title="ক্রিস্তিন লাগার্দ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ক্রিস্তিন লাগার্দ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Lagarde" title="Christine Lagarde – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Christine Lagarde" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%86%D1%96%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4" title="Крысцін Лагард – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Крысцін Лагард" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D1%8F%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4" title="Крыстын Лягард – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Крыстын Лягард" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Lagarde" title="Christine Lagarde – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Christine Lagarde" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4" title="Кристин Лагард – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Кристин Лагард" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Lagarde" title="Christine Lagarde – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Christine Lagarde" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Lagarde" title="Christine Lagarde – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Christine Lagarde" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Lagardeov%C3%A1" title="Christine Lagardeová – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Christine Lagardeová" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Lagarde" title="Christine Lagarde – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Christine Lagarde" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Lagarde" title="Christine Lagarde – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Christine Lagarde" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Lagarde" title="Christine Lagarde – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Christine Lagarde" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Lagarde" title="Christine Lagarde – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Christine Lagarde" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%BD_%CE%9B%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%BA%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%BD%CF%84" title="Κριστίν Λαγκάρντ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κριστίν Λαγκάρντ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Lagarde" title="Christine Lagarde – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Christine Lagarde" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Lagarde" title="Christine Lagarde – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Christine Lagarde" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Lagarde" title="Christine Lagarde – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Christine Lagarde" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%86_%D9%84%D8%A7%DA%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="کریستین لاگارد – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کریستین لاگارد" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Lagarde" title="Christine Lagarde – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Christine Lagarde" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Lagarde" title="Christine Lagarde – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Christine Lagarde" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Lagarde" title="Christine Lagarde – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Christine Lagarde" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Lagarde" title="Christine Lagarde – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Christine Lagarde" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%81%AC%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4%ED%8B%B4_%EB%9D%BC%EA%B0%80%EB%A5%B4%EB%93%9C" title="크리스틴 라가르드 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="크리스틴 라가르드" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%94%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%BD%D5%BF%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D4%BC%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A4" title="Քրիստին Լագարդ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Քրիստին Լագարդ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%87" title="क्रिस्टिन लैगार्डे – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="क्रिस्टिन लैगार्डे" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Lagarde" title="Christine Lagarde – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Christine Lagarde" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Lagarde" title="Christine Lagarde – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Christine Lagarde" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Lagarde" title="Christine Lagarde – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Christine Lagarde" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Lagarde" title="Christine Lagarde – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Christine Lagarde" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Lagarde" title="Christine Lagarde – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Christine Lagarde" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9B%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%99%D7%9F_%D7%9C%D7%92%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%93" title="כריסטין לגארד – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="כריסטין לגארד" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Lagarde" title="Christine Lagarde – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Christine Lagarde" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C_%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%93%E1%83%98" title="კრისტინ ლაგარდი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="კრისტინ ლაგარდი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christina_Lagarde" title="Christina Lagarde – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Christina Lagarde" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Krist%C4%ABne_Lagarda" title="Kristīne Lagarda – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kristīne Lagarda" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Lagarde" title="Christine Lagarde – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Christine Lagarde" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Lagarde" title="Christine Lagarde – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Christine Lagarde" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Limburgs</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Lagarde" title="Christine Lagarde – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Christine Lagarde" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6" title="क्रिस्टिन लागार्द – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="क्रिस्टिन लागार्द" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target">मैथिली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A8_%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%86" title="ക്രിസ്റ്റീന ലെഗാർദെ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ക്രിസ്റ്റീന ലെഗാർദെ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%86_%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="كريستين لاجارد – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كريستين لاجارد" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4" title="Кристин Лагард – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Кристин Лагард" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Lagarde" title="Christine Lagarde – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Christine Lagarde" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6" title="क्रिस्टिन लागार्द – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="क्रिस्टिन लागार्द" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AA%E3%82%B9%E3%83%86%E3%82%A3%E3%83%BC%E3%83%8C%E3%83%BB%E3%83%A9%E3%82%AC%E3%83%AB%E3%83%89" title="クリスティーヌ・ラガルド – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="クリスティーヌ・ラガルド" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Lagarde" title="Christine Lagarde – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Christine Lagarde" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%95%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%B8%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%9F%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%A8%E0%AD%8D_%E0%AC%B2%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%97%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B0%E0%AD%87%E0%AC%A1%E0%AD%8D" title="କ୍ରିସ୍ଟିନ୍ ଲାଗ୍ରେଡ୍ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="କ୍ରିସ୍ଟିନ୍ ଲାଗ୍ରେଡ୍" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target">ଓଡ଼ିଆ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Lagarde" title="Christine Lagarde – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Christine Lagarde" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Lagarde" title="Christine Lagarde – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Christine Lagarde" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Lagarde" title="Christine Lagarde – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Christine Lagarde" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Lagarde" title="Christine Lagarde – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Christine Lagarde" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4,_%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Лагард, Кристин – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Лагард, Кристин" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Lagarde" title="Christine Lagarde – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Christine Lagarde" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Lagarde" title="Christine Lagarde – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Christine Lagarde" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Lagarde" title="Christine Lagarde – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Christine Lagarde" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Lagardov%C3%A1" title="Christine Lagardová – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Christine Lagardová" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Lagarde" title="Christine Lagarde – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Christine Lagarde" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%86_%D9%84%D8%A7%DA%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="کریستین لاگارد – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کریستین لاگارد" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4" title="Кристин Лагард – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Кристин Лагард" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Lagarde" title="Christine Lagarde – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Christine Lagarde" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Lagarde" title="Christine Lagarde – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Christine Lagarde" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Lagarde" title="Christine Lagarde – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Christine Lagarde" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%87" title="கிறிஸ்டைன் லகார்டே – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கிறிஸ்டைன் லகார்டே" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%8D" title="క్రిస్టీన్ లగార్డ్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="క్రిస్టీన్ లగార్డ్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99_%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%94" title="คริสตีน ลาการ์ด – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="คริสตีน ลาการ์ด" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Lagarde" title="Christine Lagarde – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Christine Lagarde" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BD_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4" title="Крістін Лагард – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Крістін Лагард" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%B9%DB%8C%D9%86_%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%88" title="کرسٹین لیگارڈ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کرسٹین لیگارڈ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Lagarde" title="Christine Lagarde – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Christine Lagarde" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E8%92%82%E5%A8%9C%C2%B7%E6%8B%89%E5%8A%A0%E5%BE%B7" title="克里斯蒂娜·拉加德 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="克里斯蒂娜·拉加德" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A7%AC%E7%B5%B2%E6%B1%80%C2%B7%E6%8B%89%E5%8A%A0%E5%BE%B7" title="姬絲汀·拉加德 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="姬絲汀·拉加德" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E8%92%82%E5%A8%9C%C2%B7%E6%8B%89%E5%8A%A0%E5%BE%B7" title="克里斯蒂娜·拉加德 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="克里斯蒂娜·拉加德" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q484605#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit 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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="honorific-prefix" style="font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Her_Excellency" class="mw-redirect" title="Her Excellency">Her Excellency</a></div><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Christine Lagarde</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Christine_Lagarde_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Christine_Lagarde_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Christine_Lagarde_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="306" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Christine_Lagarde_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Christine_Lagarde_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Christine_Lagarde_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Christine_Lagarde_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="843" data-file-height="1174" /></a><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Lagarde in 2020</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Central_Bank" title="President of the European Central Bank">President of the European Central Bank</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><div class="skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="width:100%; margin:0; color: black; background-color: lavender"><a href="/wiki/Incumbent" title="Incumbent">Incumbent</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">Assumed office 1 November 2019</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_European_Central_Bank" class="mw-redirect" title="Vice President of the European Central Bank">Vice President</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Luis_de_Guindos" title="Luis de Guindos">Luis de Guindos</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mario_Draghi" title="Mario Draghi">Mario Draghi</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Managing Director of the <a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" title="International Monetary Fund">International Monetary Fund</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office 5 July 2011 – 12 September 2019</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Deputy</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Lipsky" title="John Lipsky">John Lipsky</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/David_Lipton" title="David Lipton">David Lipton</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Dominique_Strauss-Kahn" title="Dominique Strauss-Kahn">Dominique Strauss-Kahn</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kristalina_Georgieva" title="Kristalina Georgieva">Kristalina Georgieva</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Economics_and_Finance_(France)" title="Ministry of Economics and Finance (France)">Minister of Economics, Finance and Industry</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office 19 June 2007 – 29 June 2011</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Prime Minister</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Fillon" title="François Fillon">François Fillon</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jean-Louis_Borloo" title="Jean-Louis Borloo">Jean-Louis Borloo</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Baroin" title="François Baroin">François Baroin</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Agriculture_(France)" title="Ministry of Agriculture (France)">Minister of Agriculture and Fisheries</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office 18 May 2007 – 18 June 2007</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Prime Minister</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Fillon" title="François Fillon">François Fillon</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Dominique_Bussereau" title="Dominique Bussereau">Dominique Bussereau</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Michel_Barnier" title="Michel Barnier">Michel Barnier</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Commerce_(France)" title="Minister of Commerce (France)">Minister for Foreign Trade</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none">In office 2 June 2005 – 15 May 2007</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Prime Minister</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Dominique_de_Villepin" title="Dominique de Villepin">Dominique de Villepin</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Preceded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Loos" title="François Loos">François Loos</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Succeeded by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Herv%C3%A9_Novelli" title="Hervé Novelli">Hervé Novelli</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Christine Madeleine Odette Lallouette</div> (1956-01-01) 1 January 1956 (age 68) <a href="/wiki/9th_arrondissement_of_Paris" title="9th arrondissement of Paris">9th arrondissement of Paris</a>, France</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Union_for_a_Popular_Movement" title="Union for a Popular Movement">Union for a Popular Movement</a> (2007–2011)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other political affiliations</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/European_People%27s_Party" title="European People's Party">European People's Party</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;">Wilfried Lagarde</div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1982; <abbr title="divorced">div.</abbr> 1992)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">2</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Paris_Nanterre_University" title="Paris Nanterre University">Paris Nanterre University</a> <a href="/wiki/Sciences_Po_Aix" title="Sciences Po Aix">Sciences Po Aix</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signature</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/File:Christine_Lagarde_Signature.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Christine Lagarde's signature"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Christine_Lagarde_Signature.svg/128px-Christine_Lagarde_Signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="128" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Christine_Lagarde_Signature.svg/192px-Christine_Lagarde_Signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Christine_Lagarde_Signature.svg/256px-Christine_Lagarde_Signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="375" data-file-height="219" /></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> Christine Madeleine Odette Lagarde (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style>French: <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">[kʁistin madlɛn ɔdɛt laɡaʁd]</a>; <a href="/wiki/Birth_name#Maiden_and_married_names" title="Birth name">née</a> Lallouette, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991">IPA: <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">[lalwɛt]</a>; born 1 January 1956) is a French politician and lawyer who has been the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Central_Bank" title="President of the European Central Bank">President of the European Central Bank</a> since 2019. She previously served as the 11th Managing Director of the <a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" title="International Monetary Fund">International Monetary Fund</a> (IMF) from 2011 to 2019. Lagarde had also served in the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_France" title="Government of France">Government of France</a>, most prominently as <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Economy_and_Finance_(France)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Economy and Finance (France)">Minister of the Economy, Finance and Industry</a> from 2007 until 2011. She is the first woman to hold each of those posts.<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> Born and raised in <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>, Lagarde graduated from law school at <a href="/wiki/Paris_Nanterre_University" title="Paris Nanterre University">Paris Nanterre University</a> and obtained a Master's degree from <a href="/wiki/Sciences_Po_Aix" title="Sciences Po Aix">Sciences Po Aix</a>. After being admitted to the Paris Bar, she joined the international law firm <a href="/wiki/Baker_%26_McKenzie" class="mw-redirect" title="Baker & McKenzie">Baker & McKenzie</a> as an associate in 1981, specializing in labor and anti-trust, as well as mergers and acquisitions. Rising through the ranks, she was a member of the executive committee of the firm from 1995 until 1999, before being elevated to its Chair between 1999 and 2004; she was the first woman in both positions. She held the top post until she decided to go into public service. Lagarde returned to France when appointed Minister of Foreign Trade from 2005 to 2007, then briefly served as <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Agriculture_(France)" title="Ministry of Agriculture (France)">Minister of Agriculture and Fisheries</a> from May to June 2007, and finally, as minister of finance from 2007 to 2011, making her the first female to hold the finance portfolio of any <a href="/wiki/Group_of_Eight" class="mw-redirect" title="Group of Eight">Group of Eight</a> economy. During her tenure, Lagarde oversaw the government response to the <a href="/wiki/2007%E2%80%932008_financial_crisis" title="2007–2008 financial crisis">2007–2008 financial crisis</a>, for which the <a href="/wiki/Financial_Times" title="Financial Times">Financial Times</a> ranked her the best finance minister in the <a href="/wiki/Eurozone" title="Eurozone">Eurozone</a>.<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a> On 5 July 2011, she was elected to replace <a href="/wiki/Dominique_Strauss-Kahn" title="Dominique Strauss-Kahn">Dominique Strauss-Kahn</a> as managing director of the IMF for a five-year term.<a href="#cite_note-appointment-IMF-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-Reuters-appointment-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-BBC-appointment-5">[5]</a> Her appointment was the 11th consecutive appointment of a European to head the IMF.<a href="#cite_note-heads-of-IMF-6">[6]</a> She was selected by consensus for a second five-year term, starting 5 July 2016, being the only candidate nominated for the post.<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> In December 2016, a French court convicted her of negligence relating to her role in the <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Tapie" title="Bernard Tapie">Bernard Tapie</a> arbitration,<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> but did not impose a penalty. Lagarde resigned from the IMF following her nomination as president of the ECB. In 2019, 2020, 2022 and 2023, Forbes ranked her number two on its World's <a href="/wiki/Forbes_list_of_The_World%27s_100_Most_Powerful_Women" class="mw-redirect" title="Forbes list of The World's 100 Most Powerful Women">100 Most Powerful Women list</a>.<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-auto-10">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Lagarde&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and education">edit</a>]</div> Christine Lagarde was born in <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>, France,<a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> into a family of teachers. Her father, Robert Lallouette, "born to a <a href="/wiki/French_Jew" class="mw-redirect" title="French Jew">Jewish</a> mother and a non-religious father.",<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> was an <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> teacher; her mother, Nicole (Carré),<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> was a <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a> and <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a> literature teacher. Lagarde and her three younger brothers spent their childhood in <a href="/wiki/Le_Havre" title="Le Havre">Le Havre</a>. There she attended the Lycée François 1er (where her father taught) and Lycée Claude Monet.<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-TG01-17">[17]</a> As a teenager, Lagarde was a member of the French national <a href="/wiki/Synchronised_swimming" class="mw-redirect" title="Synchronised swimming">synchronised swimming</a> team.<a href="#cite_note-DT01-18">[18]</a> After her <a href="/wiki/Baccalaur%C3%A9at" title="Baccalauréat">baccalauréat</a> in 1973, she went on an <a href="/wiki/American_Field_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="American Field Service">American Field Service</a> scholarship to the <a href="/wiki/Holton-Arms_School" title="Holton-Arms School">Holton-Arms School</a> in <a href="/wiki/Bethesda,_Maryland" title="Bethesda, Maryland">Bethesda, Maryland</a>.<a href="#cite_note-LT01-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-WP01-20">[20]</a> During her year in the United States, Lagarde worked as an <a href="/wiki/Intern" class="mw-redirect" title="Intern">intern</a> at the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Capitol" title="United States Capitol">U.S. Capitol</a> as <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">Representative</a> <a href="/wiki/William_Cohen" title="William Cohen">William Cohen</a>'s congressional assistant, helping him correspond with <a href="/wiki/French_Canadian_Americans" class="mw-redirect" title="French Canadian Americans">French-speaking</a> constituents from his northern <a href="/wiki/Maine" title="Maine">Maine</a> district during the <a href="/wiki/Watergate_scandal#Final_investigations_and_resignation" title="Watergate scandal">Watergate</a> hearings.<a href="#cite_note-LT01-19">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-WP01-20">[20]</a> She graduated from <a href="/wiki/Paris_Nanterre_University" title="Paris Nanterre University">Paris Nanterre University</a>, where she obtained <a href="/wiki/Magister_(degree)" class="mw-redirect" title="Magister (degree)">master's degrees</a> in English, labour law, and social law.<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a> She also holds a master's degree from the <a href="/wiki/Institut_d%27%C3%A9tudes_politiques_d%27Aix-en-Provence" class="mw-redirect" title="Institut d'études politiques d'Aix-en-Provence">Institut d'études politiques</a> in <a href="/wiki/Aix-en-Provence" title="Aix-en-Provence">Aix-en-Provence</a>.<a href="#cite_note-DT01-18">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> Since 2010, she has presided over the Aix school's board of directors.<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Professional_career">Professional career</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Lagarde&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Professional career">edit</a>]</div> Lagarde joined <a href="/wiki/Baker_%26_McKenzie" class="mw-redirect" title="Baker & McKenzie">Baker & McKenzie</a>, a large Chicago-based international law firm, in 1981. She was a director of two of the firm's subsidiaries in tax havens.<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> She handled major <a href="/wiki/Antitrust" class="mw-redirect" title="Antitrust">antitrust</a> and labour cases, was made partner after six years and was named head of the firm in Western Europe. She joined the executive committee in 1995 and was elected the company's first female chairman in October 1999.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a><a href="#cite_note-S&PGlobalProfile-28">[28]</a><a href="#cite_note-NYT19991909-29">[29]</a> Three years later she was reelected. At Baker & McKenzie Lagarde promulgated a “client first” approach whereby lawyers anticipated client needs rather than solely reacting to exigent situations.<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a> In 2004, Lagarde became president of the Global Strategic Committee.<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ministerial_career">Ministerial career</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Lagarde&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Ministerial career">edit</a>]</div> As France's trade minister between 2005 and May 2007, Lagarde prioritized opening new markets for the country's products, focusing on the technology sector. On 18 May 2007, she was moved to the Ministry of Agriculture as part of the government of <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Fillon" title="François Fillon">François Fillon</a>.<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a> The following month she joined Fillon's cabinet in the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Finance and Employment.<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a> She was the only member of the French political class to condemn <a href="/wiki/Jean-Paul_Guerlain" class="mw-redirect" title="Jean-Paul Guerlain">Jean-Paul Guerlain</a>'s racist remarks of 2010.<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a> In government, she implemented <a href="/wiki/Liberal_economic" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberal economic">liberal economic</a> reforms, such as liberalizing the labor market, lowering <a href="/wiki/Estate_taxes" class="mw-redirect" title="Estate taxes">estate taxes</a>, and an <a href="/wiki/Austerity_plan" class="mw-redirect" title="Austerity plan">austerity plan</a> for public services.<a href="#cite_note-:marianne-35">[35]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="International_Monetary_Fund">International Monetary Fund</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Lagarde&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: International Monetary Fund">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Appointment">Appointment</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Lagarde&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Appointment">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lagarde,_Christine_(official_portrait_2011).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Lagarde%2C_Christine_%28official_portrait_2011%29.jpg/170px-Lagarde%2C_Christine_%28official_portrait_2011%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="218" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Lagarde%2C_Christine_%28official_portrait_2011%29.jpg/255px-Lagarde%2C_Christine_%28official_portrait_2011%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Lagarde%2C_Christine_%28official_portrait_2011%29.jpg/340px-Lagarde%2C_Christine_%28official_portrait_2011%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1541" /></a><figcaption>Lagarde in 2011</figcaption></figure> On 25 May 2011, Lagarde announced her candidacy to be head of the IMF to succeed <a href="/wiki/Dominique_Strauss-Kahn" title="Dominique Strauss-Kahn">Dominique Strauss-Kahn</a>, upon his resignation.<a href="#cite_note-36">[36]</a> Her candidacy received the support of the British, Indian, United States, Brazilian, Russian, Chinese and German governments.<a href="#cite_note-BBC-support-37">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a><a href="#cite_note-39">[39]</a><a href="#cite_note-announces-40">[40]</a><a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> The governor of the <a href="/wiki/Bank_of_Mexico" title="Bank of Mexico">Bank of Mexico</a> (and former <a href="/wiki/Secretariat_of_Finance_and_Public_Credit" title="Secretariat of Finance and Public Credit">Secretary of Finance</a>) <a href="/wiki/Agust%C3%ADn_Carstens" title="Agustín Carstens">Agustín Carstens</a> was also nominated for the post. His candidacy was supported by many Latin American governments, as well as Spain, Canada and Australia.<a href="#cite_note-BBC-support-37">[37]</a> On 28 June 2011, the <a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund_Managing_Director_2011_election" title="International Monetary Fund Managing Director 2011 election">IMF board elected Lagarde</a> as its next managing director and chairman for a five-year term, starting on 5 July 2011.<a href="#cite_note-appointment-IMF-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-Reuters-appointment-4">[4]</a><a href="#cite_note-BBC-appointment-5">[5]</a> The IMF's executive board praised both Lagarde and Carstens as well-qualified, but decided on the former by <a href="/wiki/Consensus_decision-making" title="Consensus decision-making">consensus</a>. Lagarde became the first woman to be elected as the head of the IMF.<a href="#cite_note-appointment-IMF-3">[3]</a> Carstens would have been the first non-European. Her appointment came amid the intensification of the <a href="/wiki/European_sovereign_debt_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="European sovereign debt crisis">European sovereign debt crisis</a> especially in Greece, with fears looming of loan defaults. The United States in particular supported her speedy appointment in light of the fragility of Europe's economic situation.<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Secretary of the Treasury">U.S. Treasury Secretary</a> <a href="/wiki/Timothy_Geithner" title="Timothy Geithner">Timothy Geithner</a> said that Lagarde's "exceptional talent and broad experience will provide invaluable leadership for this indispensable institution at a critical time for the global economy."<a href="#cite_note-BBC-appointment-5">[5]</a> <a href="/wiki/President_of_France" title="President of France">President</a> <a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Sarkozy" title="Nicolas Sarkozy">Nicolas Sarkozy</a> referred to Lagarde's appointment as "a victory for France." <a href="/wiki/Oxfam" title="Oxfam">Oxfam</a>, a charity working in <a href="/wiki/Developing_nations" class="mw-redirect" title="Developing nations">developing nations</a>, called the appointment process "farcical" and argued that what it saw as a lack of transparency hurt the IMF's credibility.<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> On 17 December 2015, <a href="/wiki/Michel_Sapin" title="Michel Sapin">Michel Sapin</a>, French Finance Minister, said that Lagarde could stay on as head of the IMF, despite being charged with criminal negligence.<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> Throughout her time at the IMF, she repeatedly ruled herself out of the races to secure a top job in Europe, including the positions of <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Commission" title="President of the European Commission">President of the European Commission</a> and <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Central_Bank" title="President of the European Central Bank">President of the European Central Bank</a>.<a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a> On 2 July 2019, Lagarde was nominated to serve as the next president of the ECB, to succeed <a href="/wiki/Mario_Draghi" title="Mario Draghi">Mario Draghi</a>.<a href="#cite_note-ECBNomination-46">[46]</a> She subsequently submitted her resignation as managing director.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a> Lagarde paid a courtesy call on <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Malaysia" title="Prime Minister of Malaysia">Malaysian Prime Minister</a> <a href="/wiki/Mahathir_Mohamad" title="Mahathir Mohamad">Mahathir Mohamad</a> at the sidelines of 33rd <a href="/wiki/ASEAN_Summit" title="ASEAN Summit">Asean Summit</a> in <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a>.<a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Viewpoints">Viewpoints</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Lagarde&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Viewpoints">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Darling,_Lagarde,_Geithner_(IMF_2009).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Darling%2C_Lagarde%2C_Geithner_%28IMF_2009%29.jpg/220px-Darling%2C_Lagarde%2C_Geithner_%28IMF_2009%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Darling%2C_Lagarde%2C_Geithner_%28IMF_2009%29.jpg/330px-Darling%2C_Lagarde%2C_Geithner_%28IMF_2009%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Darling%2C_Lagarde%2C_Geithner_%28IMF_2009%29.jpg/440px-Darling%2C_Lagarde%2C_Geithner_%28IMF_2009%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2212" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Alistair_Darling" title="Alistair Darling">Alistair Darling</a> (left) with Lagarde and <a href="/wiki/Timothy_Geithner" title="Timothy Geithner">Timothy Geithner</a> (right) in 2009</figcaption></figure> In July 2010, Lagarde told the <a href="/wiki/PBS_NewsHour" class="mw-redirect" title="PBS NewsHour">PBS NewsHour</a> that the IMF's lending program for distressed European countries was "a very massive plan, totally unexpected, totally counter-treaty, because it wasn't scheduled in the treaty that we should do a bailout program, as we did." She also said, "we had essentially a trillion dollars on the table to confront any market attack that would target any country, whether it's Greece, Spain, Portugal, or anybody within the eurozone." With respect to the <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_France" title="Economy of France">French economy</a>, she stated that besides short-term stimulus efforts: "we must, very decisively, cut our deficit and reduce our debt."<a href="#cite_note-smile-49">[49]</a> In public remarks made right after her appointment, Lagarde stated that both the IMF and EU required Greek austerity measures as a prerequisite for further aid. She said, "If I have one message tonight about Greece, it is to call on the Greek political opposition to support the party that is currently in power in a spirit of national unity."<a href="#cite_note-BBC-appointment-5">[5]</a> She said of her predecessor that: "The IMF has taken up the challenges of the crisis thanks to the actions of Managing Director <a href="/wiki/Dominique_Strauss-Kahn" title="Dominique Strauss-Kahn">Dominique Strauss-Kahn</a> and to his team as well."<a href="#cite_note-announces-40">[40]</a> On 25 December 2011, Lagarde argued that the world economy was at risk and urged Europeans to unify in terms of the debt crisis facing the continent.<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Christine_Lagarde_World_Economic_Forum_2013_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Christine_Lagarde_World_Economic_Forum_2013_%28cropped%29.jpg/175px-Christine_Lagarde_World_Economic_Forum_2013_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="175" height="226" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Christine_Lagarde_World_Economic_Forum_2013_%28cropped%29.jpg/263px-Christine_Lagarde_World_Economic_Forum_2013_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Christine_Lagarde_World_Economic_Forum_2013_%28cropped%29.jpg/350px-Christine_Lagarde_World_Economic_Forum_2013_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1429" data-file-height="1845" /></a><figcaption>Lagarde during the <a href="/wiki/World_Economic_Forum" title="World Economic Forum">World Economic Forum</a> 2013</figcaption></figure> In July 2012, as the <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Greece" title="Economy of Greece">Greek economy</a> continued to decline, and the country's leaders asked for an easing of the terms of external assistance, Lagarde said she was "not in the negotiation or renegotiation mood at all."<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a><a href="#cite_note-52">[52]</a> A year later, though, with her own organization conceding that its "rescue" package for Greece had fallen short of what was required, Lagarde—having previously said that Greece's debt burden was "sustainable"—decided that Greece would not recover unless its debt was written off in a meaningful way.<a href="#cite_note-Laggard_WSJ-53">[53]</a><a href="#cite_note-Laggard_Grdn-54">[54]</a> According to <a href="/wiki/Yanis_Varoufakis" title="Yanis Varoufakis">Yanis Varoufakis</a>, the combative former <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Finance_(Greece)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Finance (Greece)">Finance Minister of Greece</a>, Lagarde and others at the top of the IMF were quite sympathetic behind closed doors, while stating that inside the Eurogroup there were "a few kind words and that was it".<a href="#cite_note-NS_V_interview-55">[55]</a> As the crisis peaked again in summer 2015, Lagarde's organization made headlines by calling for massive debt relief for Greece,<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> a call she reiterated personally.<a href="#cite_note-Graun_Lagarde_relief-57">[57]</a> In 2016, the IMF refused to participate with eurozone countries in further emergency financing for Greece, because concrete measures to relieve the country of its debt burden remained absent.<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Christine_Lagarde_at_the_Singapore_Fintech_Festival.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Christine_Lagarde_at_the_Singapore_Fintech_Festival.jpg/175px-Christine_Lagarde_at_the_Singapore_Fintech_Festival.jpg" decoding="async" width="175" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Christine_Lagarde_at_the_Singapore_Fintech_Festival.jpg/263px-Christine_Lagarde_at_the_Singapore_Fintech_Festival.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Christine_Lagarde_at_the_Singapore_Fintech_Festival.jpg/350px-Christine_Lagarde_at_the_Singapore_Fintech_Festival.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1840" data-file-height="1154" /></a><figcaption>Lagarde addressing at the <a href="/wiki/Singapore_FinTech_Festival" title="Singapore FinTech Festival">Singapore FinTech Festival</a> 2017</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Christine_Lagarde_MSC_2018_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Christine_Lagarde_MSC_2018_%28cropped%29.jpg/175px-Christine_Lagarde_MSC_2018_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="175" height="229" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Christine_Lagarde_MSC_2018_%28cropped%29.jpg/263px-Christine_Lagarde_MSC_2018_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Christine_Lagarde_MSC_2018_%28cropped%29.jpg/350px-Christine_Lagarde_MSC_2018_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="661" data-file-height="864" /></a><figcaption>Lagarde during the <a href="/wiki/Munich_Security_Conference" title="Munich Security Conference">Munich Security Conference</a> 2018</figcaption></figure> Questioned about her economic philosophy, Lagarde has described herself as "with <a href="/wiki/Adam_Smith" title="Adam Smith">Adam Smith</a>—that is, liberal."<a href="#cite_note-Vogue-59">[59]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id=""Payback"_controversy">"Payback" controversy</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Lagarde&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: "Payback" controversy">edit</a>]</div> In an interview in May 2012, Lagarde was asked about the <a href="/wiki/Greek_government-debt_crisis" title="Greek government-debt crisis">Greek government-debt crisis</a>. She mentioned Greek tax avoidance, and assented to the interviewer's suggestion that Greeks had "had a nice time" but now "it is payback time."<a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a><a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> Her comments provoked controversy, with future <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Greece" title="Prime Minister of Greece">Greek Prime Minister</a> <a href="/wiki/Alexis_Tsipras" title="Alexis Tsipras">Alexis Tsipras</a> stating, "We don't need her compassion," and then-<a href="/wiki/Deputy_Prime_Minister_of_Greece" title="Deputy Prime Minister of Greece">Deputy Prime Minister</a> <a href="/wiki/Evangelos_Venizelos" title="Evangelos Venizelos">Evangelos Venizelos</a> saying she had "insulted the Greek people."<a href="#cite_note-tele_lag-62">[62]</a><a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a> In an effort to quell the negative response, the next day Lagarde made a post to her Facebook page saying: "As I have said many times before, I am very sympathetic to the Greek people and the challenges they are facing."<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> Within 24 hours, over 10,000 comments had been left in response, many of them obscene.<a href="#cite_note-tele_lag-62">[62]</a> In response to Lagarde's belief that not enough Greeks paid their taxes, Professor Emeritus <a href="/wiki/John_Weeks_(economist)" title="John Weeks (economist)">John Weeks</a> of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_London" title="University of London">University of London</a> said, "The moral weight of Christine Lagarde's matronising of the Greeks to pay their taxes is not strengthened by the fact that, as director of the IMF, she is in receipt of a tax-free annual salary of $468,000 (£298,000, plus perks)."<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a><a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a> Robert W. Wood, in a Forbes article, wrote that "No taxes is the norm for most United Nations employees covered by a convention on diplomatic relations signed by most nations."<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Comment_on_King_Abdullah">Comment on King Abdullah</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Lagarde&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Comment on King Abdullah">edit</a>]</div> In January 2015, on the death of <a href="/wiki/King_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="King of Saudi Arabia">King</a> <a href="/wiki/Abdullah_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Abdullah of Saudi Arabia">Abdullah of Saudi Arabia</a>, Lagarde said "he was a strong believer in pushing forward women's rights",<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> prompting a number of observers to comment on the life of women generally in <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Loan_to_Argentina">Loan to Argentina</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Lagarde&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Loan to Argentina">edit</a>]</div> In 2019, the IMF granted Argentina a loan of $57 billion - equivalent to 10% of GDP. The loan, then the largest in the Fund's history, sparked controversy within the financial institution, as such a sum was far too high for such an economically fragile country. U.S. President <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> and IMF President Christine Lagarde, however, interceded to have this loan request validated to support <a href="/wiki/Mauricio_Macri" title="Mauricio Macri">Mauricio Macri</a>, struggling in the polls in the run-up to the <a href="/wiki/2019_Argentine_presidential_election" class="mw-redirect" title="2019 Argentine presidential election">2019 presidential election</a>. To get this deal through the official analysis grid, IMF teams used growth assumptions that would turn out to be profoundly unrealistic. The loan was then disbursed very quickly, before the election, but would lead Argentina into a serious debt crisis, with the country unable to meet its debts.<a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="European_Central_Bank">European Central Bank</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Lagarde&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: European Central Bank">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vote_on_the_nomination_of_the_European_Central_Bank_leaders_(48753430606).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Vote_on_the_nomination_of_the_European_Central_Bank_leaders_%2848753430606%29.jpg/220px-Vote_on_the_nomination_of_the_European_Central_Bank_leaders_%2848753430606%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Vote_on_the_nomination_of_the_European_Central_Bank_leaders_%2848753430606%29.jpg/330px-Vote_on_the_nomination_of_the_European_Central_Bank_leaders_%2848753430606%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Vote_on_the_nomination_of_the_European_Central_Bank_leaders_%2848753430606%29.jpg/440px-Vote_on_the_nomination_of_the_European_Central_Bank_leaders_%2848753430606%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1365" /></a><figcaption>Vote of the European Parliament on Lagarde's nomination</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nomination">Nomination</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Lagarde&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Nomination">edit</a>]</div> On 2 July 2019, Christine Lagarde was nominated by the <a href="/wiki/European_Council" title="European Council">European Council</a> to succeed <a href="/wiki/Mario_Draghi" title="Mario Draghi">Mario Draghi</a> as <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Central_Bank" title="President of the European Central Bank">President of the European Central Bank</a> (ECB) on 1 November 2019.<a href="#cite_note-ECBNomination-46">[46]</a> On 17 September 2019, the <a href="/wiki/European_Parliament" title="European Parliament">European Parliament</a> voted via secret ballot to recommend her to the position, with 394 in favor, 206 opposed, and 49 abstentions.<a href="#cite_note-Emmott-71">[71]</a> As president, writers for <a href="/wiki/Bloomberg_News" title="Bloomberg News">Bloomberg</a> opined in September 2019 that Lagarde is expected to maintain the accommodative monetary policy of her predecessor, <a href="/wiki/Mario_Draghi" title="Mario Draghi">Mario Draghi</a>.<a href="#cite_note-bbg1-72">[72]</a> When addressing the European Parliament's <a href="/wiki/European_Parliament_Committee_on_Economic_and_Monetary_Affairs" title="European Parliament Committee on Economic and Monetary Affairs">ECON Committee</a> ahead of her appointment, Lagarde also expressed her willingness to make the ECB play a role in fighting climate change<a href="#cite_note-73">[73]</a> and to carry out a review of the ECB's monetary policy framework.<a href="#cite_note-74">[74]</a> In July 2019 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Prince_Michael_of_Liechtenstein&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prince Michael of Liechtenstein (page does not exist)">Prince Michael of Liechtenstein</a> worried that Lagarde had "been extremely supportive of heavy deficit spending and cheap money" and felt that this fact portended ill.<a href="#cite_note-gis1-75">[75]</a> Writers at the <a href="/wiki/Wall_Street_Journal" class="mw-redirect" title="Wall Street Journal">Wall Street Journal</a> felt that her strength lay in her flexibility, and she was "a diplomat and negotiator, not a technocrat or economist".<a href="#cite_note-wsj1-76">[76]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_post">In post</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Lagarde&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: In post">edit</a>]</div> One of Lagarde's first initiatives at the helm of the ECB was to launch an overall strategic review, an exercise that had not been done at the ECB for 17 years; the <a href="/wiki/Financial_Times" title="Financial Times">Financial Times</a> opined that this change "set up a clash" with the head of the <a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Bundesbank" title="Deutsche Bundesbank">Deutsche Bundesbank</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jens_Weidmann" title="Jens Weidmann">Jens Weidmann</a>. By contrast, the <a href="/wiki/Banque_de_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Banque de France">Banque de France</a> governor <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Villeroy_de_Galhau" title="François Villeroy de Galhau">François Villeroy de Galhau</a> (and member of the ECB’s governing council) was supportive,<a href="#cite_note-ft19-77">[77]</a> as well as a open letter whose 164 signatories included academics, economists, trade unions and environmental activists and 62 organizations like <a href="/wiki/Greenpeace" title="Greenpeace">Greenpeace</a> and <a href="/wiki/Attac" class="mw-redirect" title="Attac">Attac</a>, who characterized as "particularly shocking" the plan for the ECB to purchase financial instruments of the <a href="/wiki/Fossil_fuel_industry" class="mw-redirect" title="Fossil fuel industry">fossil fuel industry</a>.<a href="#cite_note-actnow1-78">[78]</a> As part of this exercise, she successfully pushed the ECB to adopt an action plan to address climate change. The action plan resulted in the implementation of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Green_rules&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Green rules (page does not exist)">green rules</a> ("tilting") in the purchase of corporate bonds programme.<a href="#cite_note-webb23-79">[79]</a> In July 2024 Lagarde told reporters in <a href="/wiki/Frankfurt" title="Frankfurt">Frankfurt</a> that "Implementing the EU’s revised economic governance framework fully and without delay will help governments bring down budget deficit and debt ratios on a sustained basis. This was discussed, and we believe that it’s a very strong endorsement of the principle of discipline, so that all member states who have adhered and agreed to a set of rules under the fiscal governance framework will actually apply those rules and principles." At the time, Belgium, Greece, Spain, France and Italy were considered by the ECB "high risk in the medium term". <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> and <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> were among several nations "scolded in June [2024] by the <a href="/wiki/European_Commission" title="European Commission">European Commission</a> for running deficits well above the bloc’s 3 per cent ceiling."<a href="#cite_note-bt1-80">[80]</a> Another publication said she warned in <a href="/wiki/Sintra" title="Sintra">Sintra</a> at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=ECB_Forum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ECB Forum (page does not exist)">ECB Forum</a> about respect for EU budgetary rules: the ECB was "concerned about the fiscal rules that must be respected within the EU and the structural reforms that will lead to an improvement in productivity, which is the only way for Europe to remain strong and prosperous."<a href="#cite_note-eura1-81">[81]</a> In September 2024 Lagarde announced that the ECB's primary interest rate would be cut to 3.5% because of weak eurozone growth, as the rate of inflation had dropped to 2.2%.<a href="#cite_note-tg1-82">[82]</a> On 12 September 2024, after the <a href="/wiki/Draghi_report_on_EU_competitiveness" class="mw-redirect" title="Draghi report on EU competitiveness">Draghi report on EU competitiveness</a> had been published, Lagarde said that the ECB would not help individual member states implement its recommendations: "Structural reforms are not the responsibility of the central bank — they are the responsibility of governments."<a href="#cite_note-peu1-83">[83]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_activities">Other activities</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Lagarde&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Other activities">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="European_Union_institutions">European Union institutions</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Lagarde&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: European Union institutions">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Systemic_Risk_Board" title="European Systemic Risk Board">European Systemic Risk Board</a> (ESRB), ex officio chair of the General Board (since 2019)<a href="#cite_note-84">[84]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Investment_Bank" title="European Investment Bank">European Investment Bank</a> (EIB), ex officio member of the board of governors (2007–2011)<a href="#cite_note-85">[85]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="International_organizations">International organizations</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Lagarde&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: International organizations">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bank_for_International_Settlements" title="Bank for International Settlements">Bank for International Settlements</a> (BIS), ex officio member of the board of directors (since 2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_Development_Bank" title="Asian Development Bank">Asian Development Bank</a> (ADB), ex officio member of the board of governors (2007–2011)<a href="#cite_note-86">[86]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Bank_for_Reconstruction_and_Development" title="European Bank for Reconstruction and Development">European Bank for Reconstruction and Development</a> (EBRD), ex officio member of the board of governors (2007–2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" title="International Monetary Fund">International Monetary Fund</a> (IMF), ex officio member of the board of governors (2007–2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Bank" title="World Bank">World Bank</a>, ex officio member of the board of governors (2007–2011)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Non-profit_organizations">Non-profit organizations</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Lagarde&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Non-profit organizations">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/World_Economic_Forum" title="World Economic Forum">World Economic Forum</a> (WEF), member of the board of trustees (since 2011)<a href="#cite_note-87">[87]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Academic_institutions">Academic institutions</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Lagarde&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Academic institutions">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Honorary fellow of <a href="/wiki/Robinson_College,_Cambridge" title="Robinson College, Cambridge">Robinson College, Cambridge</a><a href="#cite_note-88">[88]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Controversy">Controversy</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Lagarde&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Controversy">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Lagarde_list">The Lagarde list</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Lagarde&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: The Lagarde list">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Lagarde_list" title="Lagarde list">Lagarde list</a></div> In 2010 Lagarde, then finance minister of France, sent a list of 1,991 names of Greek customers who were potential tax avoiders with bank accounts at <a href="/wiki/HSBC" title="HSBC">HSBC</a>'s Geneva branch to the Greek government.<a href="#cite_note-89">[89]</a> On 28 October 2012, Greek reporter and editor <a href="/wiki/Kostas_Vaxevanis" title="Kostas Vaxevanis">Kostas Vaxevanis</a> claimed to be in possession of the list and published a document with more than 2,000 names in his magazine <a href="/wiki/Hot_Doc" title="Hot Doc">Hot Doc</a>.<a href="#cite_note-90">[90]</a><a href="#cite_note-91">[91]</a> He was immediately arrested on charges of breaching privacy laws with a possible sentence of up to two years in prison.<a href="#cite_note-92">[92]</a> After a public outcry, Vaxevanis was found not guilty three days later.<a href="#cite_note-93">[93]</a> Vaxevanis then faced a retrial (the Greek authorities were yet to charge anyone on the list),<a href="#cite_note-94">[94]</a> but was acquitted again. A few days before the Greek general elections of January 2015, when it was clear that left-wing Syriza would come to power, the financial crimes police of the conservative government of <a href="/wiki/Antonis_Samaras" title="Antonis Samaras">Antonis Samaras</a> shredded reams of documents pertaining to corruption cases.<a href="#cite_note-Times_shredding-95">[95]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Conviction_of_negligence_in_allowing_the_misuse_of_public_funds">Conviction of negligence in allowing the misuse of public funds</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Lagarde&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Conviction of negligence in allowing the misuse of public funds">edit</a>]</div> On 3 August 2011, La Cour de Justice de la République, a special court in France set up to judge ministers and public officials for alleged crimes committed while in office, ordered an investigation into Lagarde's role in a €403 million arbitration deal in favour of businessman <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Tapie" title="Bernard Tapie">Bernard Tapie</a> when she was finance minister in 2007.<a href="#cite_note-96">[96]</a> On 20 March 2013, Lagarde's apartment in Paris was raided by French police as part of the investigation.<a href="#cite_note-97">[97]</a> On 24 May 2013, after two days of questioning at the <a href="/wiki/Cour_de_Justice_de_la_R%C3%A9publique" title="Cour de Justice de la République">Court of Justice of the Republic</a> (CJR), Lagarde was assigned the status of "assisted witness", meaning that she herself was not under investigation in the affair.<a href="#cite_note-98">[98]</a> According to a press report from June 2013, Lagarde was described by <a href="/wiki/St%C3%A9phane_Richard" title="Stéphane Richard">Stéphane Richard</a>, the CEO of <a href="/wiki/France_Telecom" class="mw-redirect" title="France Telecom">France Telecom</a> (a former aide to Lagarde when she was finance minister), who was himself put under formal investigation in the case, as having been fully briefed before approving the arbitration process which benefitted Bernard Tapie.<a href="#cite_note-99">[99]</a><a href="#cite_note-100">[100]</a> In 2013, the press revealed an undated hand-written letter seized by investigators during a search of Christine Lagarde's Paris home, in which she appears to express her full allegiance to then-President <a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Sarkozy" title="Nicolas Sarkozy">Nicolas Sarkozy</a>: "Use me for as long as it suits you and suits your action and your casting. (...) If you use me, I need you as a guide and as a support: without a guide, I risk being ineffective, without a support I risk having little credibility. With my immense admiration. Christine L."<a href="#cite_note-101">[101]</a> Subsequently, in August 2014 the CJR announced that it had formally approved a negligence investigation into Lagarde's role in the arbitration of the Tapie case.<a href="#cite_note-102">[102]</a> On 17 December 2015, the CJR ordered Lagarde to stand trial before it for alleged negligence in handling the Tapie arbitration approval.<a href="#cite_note-103">[103]</a><a href="#cite_note-104">[104]</a><a href="#cite_note-105">[105]</a> In December 2016, the court found Lagarde guilty of negligence, but declined to impose either a fine or custodial penalty.<a href="#cite_note-106">[106]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Media">Media</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Lagarde&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Media">edit</a>]</div> Lagarde was interviewed in the documentary film <a href="/wiki/Inside_Job_(2010_film)" title="Inside Job (2010 film)">Inside Job</a> (2010), which later won an <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Documentary_Feature" class="mw-redirect" title="Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature">Academy Award for Best Documentary Feature</a>.<a href="#cite_note-107">[107]</a><a href="#cite_note-108">[108]</a> The American fashion magazine <a href="/wiki/Vogue_(magazine)" title="Vogue (magazine)">Vogue</a> profiled Lagarde in September 2011.<a href="#cite_note-Vogue-59">[59]</a> Lagarde was portrayed by <a href="/wiki/Laila_Robins" title="Laila Robins">Laila Robins</a> in the <a href="/wiki/HBO" title="HBO">HBO</a> television film <a href="/wiki/Too_Big_to_Fail_(film)" title="Too Big to Fail (film)">Too Big to Fail</a> (2011), which was based on the <a href="/wiki/Too_Big_to_Fail_(book)" title="Too Big to Fail (book)">popular non-fiction book of the same name</a> by <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a> journalist <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Ross_Sorkin" title="Andrew Ross Sorkin">Andrew Ross Sorkin</a>.<a href="#cite_note-109">[109]</a> <a href="/wiki/Meryl_Streep" title="Meryl Streep">Meryl Streep</a> based parts of <a href="/wiki/Miranda_Priestly" title="Miranda Priestly">Miranda Priestly</a>'s appearance in the feature film <a href="/wiki/The_Devil_Wears_Prada_(film)" title="The Devil Wears Prada (film)">The Devil Wears Prada</a> (2006) on Lagarde, citing her "unassailable elegance and authority".<a href="#cite_note-110">[110]</a> Lagarde presented the 2014 <a href="/wiki/Richard_Dimbleby_Lecture" title="Richard Dimbleby Lecture">Richard Dimbleby Lecture</a>, titled "A New Multilateralism for the 21st Century".<a href="#cite_note-111">[111]</a><a href="#cite_note-112">[112]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Recognition">Recognition</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Lagarde&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Recognition">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid 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Find sources: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Christine+Lagarde%22">"Christine Lagarde"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Christine+Lagarde%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Christine+Lagarde%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Christine+Lagarde%22+-wikipedia">books</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Christine+Lagarde%22">scholar</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Christine+Lagarde%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a> (December 2022) (<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a>)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> Lagarde received the insignia of <a href="/wiki/Commander_of_the_National_Order_of_Merit" class="mw-redirect" title="Commander of the National Order of Merit">Commander of the National Order of Merit</a> from <a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Macron" title="Emmanuel Macron">Emmanuel Macron</a> in February 2022.<a href="#cite_note-:marianne-35">[35]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Awards">Awards</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Lagarde&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Awards">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>2011 – 9th <a href="/wiki/Forbes_list_of_The_World%27s_100_Most_Powerful_Women" class="mw-redirect" title="Forbes list of The World's 100 Most Powerful Women">Most Powerful Woman in the World</a>, named by <a href="/wiki/Forbes" title="Forbes">Forbes</a> magazine<a href="#cite_note-Forbes_2010_t180-113">[113]</a></li> <li>2012 – 8th Most Powerful Woman in the World, named by Forbes magazine<a href="#cite_note-Forbes_2010_a995-114">[114]</a></li> <li>2013 – 7th Most Powerful Woman in the World, named by Forbes magazine<a href="#cite_note-Forbes_2010_h265-115">[115]</a></li> <li>2014 – 5th Most Powerful Woman in the World, named by Forbes magazine<a href="#cite_note-Forbes_2011_a730-116">[116]</a></li> <li>2015 – 6th Most Powerful Woman in the World, named by Forbes magazine<a href="#cite_note-Forbes_2011_2015-117">[117]</a></li> <li>2016 – 6th Most Powerful Woman in the World, named by Forbes magazine<a href="#cite_note-Forbes_2011_2016-118">[118]</a></li> <li>2017 – 8th Most Powerful Woman in the World, named by Forbes magazine</li> <li>2017 – #1 in the List of 100 Most Influential People in Multinational Organisations, awarded by UK-based company Richtopia<a href="#cite_note-119">[119]</a></li> <li>2018 – 3rd Most Powerful Woman in the World, named by Forbes magazine</li> <li>2019 – CARE Humanitarian Award, awarded by <a href="/wiki/CARE_(relief_agency)" class="mw-redirect" title="CARE (relief agency)">CARE</a></li> <li>2019 – Distinguished International Leadership Award, awarded by the <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Council" title="Atlantic Council">Atlantic Council</a></li> <li>2019 – 2nd Most Powerful Woman in the World, named by Forbes magazine</li> <li>2020 – 2nd Most Powerful Woman in the World, named by Forbes magazine<a href="#cite_note-auto-10">[10]</a></li> <li>2022 – 2nd Most Powerful Woman in the World, named by Forbes magazine<a href="#cite_note-120">[120]</a></li> <li>2023 – 2nd Most Powerful Woman in the World, named by Forbes magazine<a href="#cite_note-121">[121]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Honours">Honours</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Lagarde&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Honours">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/File:Legion_Honneur_Officier_ribbon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Legion_Honneur_Officier_ribbon.svg/50px-Legion_Honneur_Officier_ribbon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Legion_Honneur_Officier_ribbon.svg/75px-Legion_Honneur_Officier_ribbon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Legion_Honneur_Officier_ribbon.svg/100px-Legion_Honneur_Officier_ribbon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a> Officer of the <a href="/wiki/Legion_of_Honour" title="Legion of Honour">Légion d'honneur</a> (6 April 2012; Chevalier in 2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:National_Order_of_Merit_-_Commander_(France).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/National_Order_of_Merit_-_Commander_%28France%29.png/50px-National_Order_of_Merit_-_Commander_%28France%29.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/National_Order_of_Merit_-_Commander_%28France%29.png/75px-National_Order_of_Merit_-_Commander_%28France%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/National_Order_of_Merit_-_Commander_%28France%29.png/100px-National_Order_of_Merit_-_Commander_%28France%29.png 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="705" /></a> Commander of the <a href="/wiki/National_Order_of_Merit_(France)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Order of Merit (France)">National Order of Merit</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:Ordre_du_Merite_agricole_Commandeur_ribbon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Ordre_du_Merite_agricole_Commandeur_ribbon.svg/50px-Ordre_du_Merite_agricole_Commandeur_ribbon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Ordre_du_Merite_agricole_Commandeur_ribbon.svg/75px-Ordre_du_Merite_agricole_Commandeur_ribbon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Ordre_du_Merite_agricole_Commandeur_ribbon.svg/100px-Ordre_du_Merite_agricole_Commandeur_ribbon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a> Commander of the Order of <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9rite_agricole" class="mw-redirect" title="Mérite agricole">Mérite agricole</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:Ordre_du_Merite_maritime_Commandeur_ribbon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Ordre_du_Merite_maritime_Commandeur_ribbon.svg/50px-Ordre_du_Merite_maritime_Commandeur_ribbon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Ordre_du_Merite_maritime_Commandeur_ribbon.svg/75px-Ordre_du_Merite_maritime_Commandeur_ribbon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Ordre_du_Merite_maritime_Commandeur_ribbon.svg/100px-Ordre_du_Merite_maritime_Commandeur_ribbon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a> Commander of the <a href="/wiki/Ordre_du_M%C3%A9rite_Maritime" title="Ordre du Mérite Maritime">Ordre du Mérite Maritime</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:Cote_d%27Ivoire_Ordre_national_GO_ribbon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Cote_d%27Ivoire_Ordre_national_GO_ribbon.svg/50px-Cote_d%27Ivoire_Ordre_national_GO_ribbon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Cote_d%27Ivoire_Ordre_national_GO_ribbon.svg/75px-Cote_d%27Ivoire_Ordre_national_GO_ribbon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Cote_d%27Ivoire_Ordre_national_GO_ribbon.svg/100px-Cote_d%27Ivoire_Ordre_national_GO_ribbon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a> Grand Officer of the <a href="/wiki/National_Order_of_the_Ivory_Coast" title="National Order of the Ivory Coast">National Order of the Ivory Coast</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:Orden_of_Friendship.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Orden_of_Friendship.png/50px-Orden_of_Friendship.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5c/Orden_of_Friendship.png 1.5x" data-file-width="72" data-file-height="30" /></a> Medal of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Friendship" title="Order of Friendship">Order of Friendship</a> (2010)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Honorary_doctorate">Honorary doctorate</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Lagarde&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Honorary doctorate">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Honorary_doctorate" class="mw-redirect" title="Honorary doctorate">Honorary doctorate</a> from <a href="/wiki/KU_Leuven" title="KU Leuven">KU Leuven</a> (<a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a>) – awarded at <a href="/wiki/Katholieke_Universiteit_Leuven_Campus_Kortrijk" class="mw-redirect" title="Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Campus Kortrijk">KU Leuven Kulak</a><a href="#cite_note-122">[122]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honorary_doctorate" class="mw-redirect" title="Honorary doctorate">Honorary doctorate</a> from <a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_de_Montr%C3%A9al" title="Université de Montréal">Université de Montréal</a>.<a href="#cite_note-123">[123]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Lagarde&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Personal life">edit</a>]</div> Lagarde has been in three long-term relationships, one of which has been confirmed to have resulted in a marriage, while sources differ on whether the other two relationships resulted in a marriage. She married her first partner, French financial analyst Wilfried Lagarde, in 1982 and divorced him in 1992. The couple have two sons, Pierre-Henri Lagarde (born 1986) and Thomas Lagarde (born 1988).<a href="#cite_note-Giocanti_2-124">[124]</a><a href="#cite_note-CNN_2013_c280-125">[125]</a> Her second relationship was with the British businessman Eachran Gilmour. Sources differ on whether she ever married Gilmour.<a href="#cite_note-Gilmour-126">[126]</a> Since 2006, she has been in a relationship with French entrepreneur Xavier Giocanti,<a href="#cite_note-Giocanti_1-127">[127]</a> a fellow-student at Université Paris X.<a href="#cite_note-Giocanti_2-124">[124]</a><a href="#cite_note-128">[128]</a> Some sources have described their relationship as married, but no marriage date has ever been publicized.<a href="#cite_note-129">[129]</a><a href="#cite_note-Match-130">[130]</a> She is a health-conscious vegetarian,<a href="#cite_note-Gala-131">[131]</a><a href="#cite_note-Match-130">[130]</a> and her hobbies include regular trips to the gym, cycling, and swimming.<a href="#cite_note-TG01-17">[17]</a> She speaks French, English and Spanish.<a href="#cite_note-CNN_2013_c280-125">[125]</a> After she took office as president of the European Central Bank, it was reported that she intends to learn German.<a href="#cite_note-132">[132]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Lagarde&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFHope2019" class="citation web cs1">Hope, Katie (12 July 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/business-48847473">"Christine Lagarde: The 'rock star' of finance"</a>. BBC. Retrieved 17 July 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC&rft.atitle=Christine+Lagarde%3A+The+%27rock+star%27+of+finance&rft.date=2019-07-12&rft.aulast=Hope&rft.aufirst=Katie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fbusiness-48847473&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristine+Lagarde" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrom_Ralph_AtkinsAndrew_WhiffinFT_reporters2009" class="citation news cs1">From Ralph Atkins; Andrew Whiffin; FT reporters (16 October 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/3f36c9c4-d2d0-11de-af63-00144feabdc0.html">"FT ranking of EU finance ministers"</a>. Financial Times. 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Retrieved 25 May 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Christine+Lagarde+announces+IMF+candidacy&rft.date=2011-05-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fbusiness-13541143&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristine+Lagarde" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.moneycontrol.com/news/current-affairs/lagarde-suited-to-head-imf-india-voted-for-her-pranab_561366.html">"Lagarde suited to head IMF; India voted for her: Pranab"</a>. Moneycontrol India. 26 May 2011. Retrieved 26 May 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Moneycontrol+India&rft.atitle=Lagarde+suited+to+head+IMF%3B+India+voted+for+her%3A+Pranab&rft.date=2011-05-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.moneycontrol.com%2Fnews%2Fcurrent-affairs%2Flagarde-suited-to-head-imf-india-voted-for-her-pranab_561366.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristine+Lagarde" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.haaretz.com/news/international/france-s-christine-lagarde-wins-imf-top-job-1.370102">"France's Christine Lagarde wins IMF top job – Haaretz Daily Newspaper | Israel News"</a>. Haaretz. Israel. Retrieved 29 June 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Haaretz&rft.atitle=France%27s+Christine+Lagarde+wins+IMF+top+job+%E2%80%93+Haaretz+Daily+Newspaper+%26%23124%3B+Israel+News&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Fnews%2Finternational%2Ffrance-s-christine-lagarde-wins-imf-top-job-1.370102&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristine+Lagarde" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxfam.org/en/pressroom/reactions/oxfam-has-called-public-release-transcript-christine-lagardes-interview-imf">Oxfam has called for the public release of the transcript of Christine Lagarde’s interview with the IMF Board</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180918193649/https://www.oxfam.org/en/pressroom/reactions/oxfam-has-called-public-release-transcript-christine-lagardes-interview-imf">Archived</a> 18 September 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, news release dated 28 June 2011 at Oxfam.org, accessed 18 September 2018 </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lefigaro.fr/flash-actu/2015/12/17/97001-20151217FILWWW00228-lagarde-peut-rester-a-la-tete-du-fmi-sapin.php">"Lagarde peut rester à la tête du FMI (Sapin)"</a> [Lagarde can remain at the head of the IMF (Sapin)]. 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CNN. 2 January 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230801205826/https://www.cnn.com/2013/01/02/world/christine-lagarde---fast-facts/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on 1 August 2023. Retrieved 10 August 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CNN&rft.atitle=Christine+Lagarde+Fast+Facts&rft.date=2013-01-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2013%2F01%2F02%2Fworld%2Fchristine-lagarde---fast-facts%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristine+Lagarde" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gilmour-126"><a href="#cite_ref-Gilmour_126-0">^</a> Jean-Louis Beaucarnot, Le Tout politique (L'Archipel, 2022) at "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AylGEAAAQBAJ&dq=Wilfried+Lagarde&pg=PT163">Christine Lagarde: Famille proche</a>". Several sources described them as married (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/financialcrisis/9291965/The-disarming-charm-of-Christine-Lagarde.html">"The disarming charm of Christine Lagarde"</a>. Daily Telegraph. 27 May 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/financialcrisis/9291965/The-disarming-charm-of-Christine-Lagarde.html">Archived</a> from the original on 12 January 2022. Retrieved 12 February 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=The+disarming+charm+of+Christine+Lagarde&rft.date=2012-05-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Ffinance%2Ffinancialcrisis%2F9291965%2FThe-disarming-charm-of-Christine-Lagarde.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristine+Lagarde" class="Z3988">) and divorced ("<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edition.cnn.com/2013/01/02/world/christine-lagarde---fast-facts/index.html">Christine Lagarde: fast facts</a>" at CNN) </li> <li id="cite_note-Giocanti_1-127"><a href="#cite_ref-Giocanti_1_127-0">^</a> Gillian Tett (12 September 2014), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ft.com/content/4c506aec-3938-11e4-9526-00144feabdc0">Lunch with the FT: Christine Lagarde</a> <a href="/wiki/Financial_Times" title="Financial Times">Financial Times</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a> Cyril Morin, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eurosport.fr/football/ligue-1/2015-2016/5-choses-a-savoir-sur-xavier-giocanti-le-possible-successeur-de-vincent-labrune-a-la-tete-de-lom_sto5450859/story.shtml">OM: cinq choses à savoir sur Xavier Giocanti</a>" in Eurosport (19 April 2016) </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a> "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.blog-introduction.fr/xavier-giocanti-mari-de-christine-lagarde/">Qui est Xavier Giocanti, le mari de Christine Lagarde ?</a>" in Blog—Introduction </li> <li id="cite_note-Match-130">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Match_130-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Match_130-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130103143531/http://www.parismatch.com/People-Match/Politique/Actu/Xavier-Giocanti-le-mari-de-Christine-Lagarde-202274/">"Xavier Giocanti, le mari de... Christine Lagarde"</a> (in French). Paris Match. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.parismatch.com/People-Match/Politique/Actu/Xavier-Giocanti-le-mari-de-Christine-Lagarde-202274/">the original</a> on 3 January 2013. Retrieved 21 February 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Xavier+Giocanti%2C+le+mari+de...+Christine+Lagarde&rft.pub=Paris+Match&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.parismatch.com%2FPeople-Match%2FPolitique%2FActu%2FXavier-Giocanti-le-mari-de-Christine-Lagarde-202274%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristine+Lagarde" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gala-131"><a href="#cite_ref-Gala_131-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gala.fr/les_stars/bios_de_stars/christine_lagarde">"Christine Lagarde – La biographie de Christine Lagarde avec"</a> (in French). Gala.fr. Retrieved 21 February 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Christine+Lagarde+%E2%80%93+La+biographie+de+Christine+Lagarde+avec&rft.pub=Gala.fr&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gala.fr%2Fles_stars%2Fbios_de_stars%2Fchristine_lagarde&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristine+Lagarde" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lesoir.be/269894/article/2019-12-30/christine-lagarde-apprend-lallemand">"Christine Lagarde apprend l'allemand"</a>. Le Soir (in French). 30 December 2019. Retrieved 6 August 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Le+Soir&rft.atitle=Christine+Lagarde+apprend+l%27allemand&rft.date=2019-12-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lesoir.be%2F269894%2Farticle%2F2019-12-30%2Fchristine-lagarde-apprend-lallemand&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AChristine+Lagarde" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Lagarde&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output 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sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Christine_Lagarde" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Christine Lagarde">Christine Lagarde</a>.</div></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Official">Official</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Lagarde&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Official">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ecb.europa.eu/ecb/orga/decisions/html/cvlagarde.en.html">Biography</a> at the <a href="/wiki/European_Central_Bank" title="European Central Bank">European Central Bank</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imf.org/en/About/senior-officials/Archive/christine-lagarde">Biography</a> at the <a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" title="International Monetary Fund">International Monetary Fund</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other">Other</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Christine_Lagarde&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Other">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.project-syndicate.org/columnist/christine-lagarde">Column archive</a> at <a href="/wiki/Project_Syndicate" title="Project Syndicate">Project Syndicate</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.c-span.org/person/?1021589">Appearances</a> on <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/christine-lagarde">Christine Lagarde</a> collected news and commentary at <a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484605#P3106" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/people/l/christine_lagarde/index.html">Christine Lagarde</a> collected news and commentary at <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output 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class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Loos" title="François Loos">François Loos</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Commerce_(France)" title="Minister of Commerce (France)">Minister of Foreign Trade</a> 2005–2007 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Herv%C3%A9_Novelli" title="Hervé Novelli">Hervé Novelli</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Dominique_Bussereau" title="Dominique Bussereau">Dominique Bussereau</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Agriculture_(France)" title="Ministry of Agriculture (France)">Minister of Agriculture and Fisheries</a> 2007 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Michel_Barnier" title="Michel Barnier">Michel Barnier</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Jean-Louis_Borloo" title="Jean-Louis Borloo">Jean-Louis Borloo</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/French_Ministry_for_the_Economy_and_Finance" class="mw-redirect" title="French Ministry for the Economy and Finance">Minister of Economy, Finance and Industry</a> 2007–2011 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Baroin" title="François Baroin">François Baroin</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FACEFF;">Diplomatic posts </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Dominique_Strauss-Kahn" title="Dominique Strauss-Kahn">Dominique Strauss-Kahn</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> Managing Director of the <a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" title="International Monetary Fund">International Monetary Fund</a> 2011–2019 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Kristalina_Georgieva" title="Kristalina Georgieva">Kristalina Georgieva</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #bebebe;">Government offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Mario_Draghi" title="Mario Draghi">Mario Draghi</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Central_Bank" title="President of the European Central Bank">President of the European Central Bank</a> 2019–present </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Incumbent </td></tr> </tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Links_to_related_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Links_to_related_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Links to related articles</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:ECB_board" title="Template:ECB board"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:ECB_board" title="Template talk:ECB board"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:ECB_board" title="Special:EditPage/Template:ECB board"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Executive_Board_of_the_European_Central_Bank" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Executive_Board_of_the_European_Central_Bank" title="Executive Board of the European Central Bank">Executive Board of the European Central Bank</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Presidents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wim_Duisenberg" title="Wim Duisenberg">Wim Duisenberg</a> (1998–2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Claude_Trichet" title="Jean-Claude Trichet">Jean-Claude Trichet</a> (2003–2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mario_Draghi" title="Mario Draghi">Mario Draghi</a> (2011–2019)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Christine Lagarde</a> (2019–)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Europe.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="European Union"><img alt="European Union" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/52px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="52" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/78px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/104px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current Members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Christine Lagarde</a>1</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luis_de_Guindos" title="Luis de Guindos">Luis de Guindos</a>2</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_R._Lane" title="Philip R. Lane">Philip R. Lane</a>3</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piero_Cipollone" title="Piero Cipollone">Piero Cipollone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isabel_Schnabel" title="Isabel Schnabel">Isabel Schnabel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Elderson" title="Frank Elderson">Frank Elderson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former Members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Noyer" title="Christian Noyer">Christian Noyer</a>2</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirkka_H%C3%A4m%C3%A4l%C3%A4inen" title="Sirkka Hämäläinen">Sirkka Hämäläinen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wim_Duisenberg" title="Wim Duisenberg">Wim Duisenberg</a>1</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugenio_Domingo_Solans" title="Eugenio Domingo Solans">Eugenio Domingo Solans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tommaso_Padoa-Schioppa" title="Tommaso Padoa-Schioppa">Tommaso Padoa-Schioppa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otmar_Issing" title="Otmar Issing">Otmar Issing</a>3</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucas_Papademos" title="Lucas Papademos">Lucas Papademos</a>2</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gertrude_Tumpel-Gugerell" title="Gertrude Tumpel-Gugerell">Gertrude Tumpel-Gugerell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Claude_Trichet" title="Jean-Claude Trichet">Jean-Claude Trichet</a>1</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorenzo_Bini_Smaghi" title="Lorenzo Bini Smaghi">Lorenzo Bini Smaghi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_Stark" title="Jürgen Stark">Jürgen Stark</a>3</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Manuel_Gonz%C3%A1lez_Paramo" class="mw-redirect" title="José Manuel González Paramo">José Manuel González Paramo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6rg_Asmussen" title="Jörg Asmussen">Jörg Asmussen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%ADtor_Const%C3%A2ncio" title="Vítor Constâncio">Vítor Constâncio</a>2</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Praet" title="Peter Praet">Peter Praet</a>3</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mario_Draghi" title="Mario Draghi">Mario Draghi</a>1</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabine_Lautenschl%C3%A4ger" title="Sabine Lautenschläger">Sabine Lautenschläger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beno%C3%AEt_C%C5%93ur%C3%A9" title="Benoît Cœuré">Benoît Cœuré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yves_Mersch" title="Yves Mersch">Yves Mersch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fabio_Panetta" title="Fabio Panetta">Fabio Panetta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="font-size:smaller;"><div>1 = <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_European_Central_Bank" title="President of the European Central Bank">President</a> 2 = Vice President 3 = Chief Economist</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Eurogroup" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Eurogroup" title="Template:Eurogroup"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Eurogroup" title="Template talk:Eurogroup"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Eurogroup" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Eurogroup"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Eurogroup" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Eurogroup" title="Eurogroup">Eurogroup</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">President: <a href="/wiki/Paschal_Donohoe" title="Paschal Donohoe">Donohoe</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria"><img alt="Austria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Magnus_Brunner" title="Magnus Brunner">Brunner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium"><img alt="Belgium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Belgium.svg/17px-Flag_of_Belgium.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Belgium.svg/27px-Flag_of_Belgium.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Belgium.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="780" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Vincent_Van_Peteghem" title="Vincent Van Peteghem">Van Peteghem</a> </li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia"><img alt="Croatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Marko_Primorac&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marko Primorac (page does not exist)">Primorac</a> [<a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marko_Primorac" class="extiw" title="hr:Marko Primorac">hr</a>]</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus"><img alt="Cyprus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/45px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Makis_Keravnos" title="Makis Keravnos">Keravnos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia"><img alt="Estonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></a> <a href="/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_Ligi" title="Jürgen Ligi">Ligi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland"><img alt="Finland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Riikka_Purra" title="Riikka Purra">Purra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Antoine_Armand" title="Antoine Armand">Armand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Christian_Lindner" title="Christian Lindner">Lindner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece"><img alt="Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Kostis_Hatzidakis" title="Kostis Hatzidakis">Hatzidakis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland"><img alt="Republic of Ireland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Jack_Chambers_(politician)" title="Jack Chambers (politician)">Chambers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Giancarlo_Giorgetti" title="Giancarlo Giorgetti">Giorgetti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia"><img alt="Latvia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Arvils_A%C5%A1eradens" title="Arvils Ašeradens">Ašeradens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania"><img alt="Lithuania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/46px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Gintar%C4%97_Skaist%C4%97" title="Gintarė Skaistė">Skaistė</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg"><img alt="Luxembourg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/23px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/35px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/46px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gilles_Roth&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gilles Roth (page does not exist)">Roth</a> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gilles_Roth" class="extiw" title="fr:Gilles Roth">fr</a>]</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta"><img alt="Malta" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/45px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Clyde_Caruana" title="Clyde Caruana">Caruana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands"><img alt="Netherlands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Eelco_Heinen" title="Eelco Heinen">Heinen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal"><img alt="Portugal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Joaquim_Miranda_Sarmento" title="Joaquim Miranda Sarmento">Miranda Sarmento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia"><img alt="Slovakia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Ladislav_Kamenick%C3%BD" title="Ladislav Kamenický">Kamenický</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia"><img alt="Slovenia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Klemen_Bo%C5%A1tjan%C4%8Di%C4%8D" title="Klemen Boštjančič">Boštjančič</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain"><img alt="Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Cuerpo" title="Carlos Cuerpo">Cuerpo</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">Observers: <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union"><img alt="European Union" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/45px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lagarde</a> (<a href="/wiki/European_Central_Bank" title="European Central Bank">European Central Bank</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union"><img alt="European Union" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/45px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Valdis_Dombrovskis" title="Valdis Dombrovskis">Dombrovskis</a> (<a href="/wiki/European_Commission" title="European Commission">European Commission</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union"><img alt="European Union" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/45px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Gramegna" title="Pierre Gramegna">Gramegna</a> (<a href="/wiki/European_Stability_Mechanism" title="European Stability Mechanism">European Stability Mechanism</a>)</li></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/16px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/24px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/32px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /> <a href="/wiki/Portal:European_Union" title="Portal:European Union">European Union portal</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Central_bank_governors_of_the_Group_of_Seven" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:G7-Central_Bank" title="Template:G7-Central Bank"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:G7-Central_Bank" title="Template talk:G7-Central Bank"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:G7-Central_Bank" title="Special:EditPage/Template:G7-Central Bank"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Central_bank_governors_of_the_Group_of_Seven" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Central_bank" title="Central bank">Central bank</a> governors of the <a href="/wiki/G7" title="G7">Group of Seven</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada"><img alt="Canada" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Canada.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Tiff_Macklem" title="Tiff Macklem">Macklem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Villeroy_de_Galhau" title="François Villeroy de Galhau">Villeroy de Galhau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Joachim_Nagel" title="Joachim Nagel">Nagel</a> </li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Ignazio_Visco" title="Ignazio Visco">Visco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan"><img alt="Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Kazuo_Ueda" title="Kazuo Ueda">Ueda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Bailey_(banker)" title="Andrew Bailey (banker)">Bailey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Jerome_Powell" title="Jerome Powell">Powell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union"><img alt="European Union" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/45px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lagarde</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Central_bank_governors_of_the_G20" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:G20-CBGovernors" title="Template:G20-CBGovernors"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:G20-CBGovernors" title="Template talk:G20-CBGovernors"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:G20-CBGovernors" title="Special:EditPage/Template:G20-CBGovernors"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Central_bank_governors_of_the_G20" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Central_bank" title="Central bank">Central bank</a> governors of the <a href="/wiki/G20" title="G20">G20</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Union" title="African Union"><img alt="African Union" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_the_African_Union.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_African_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_the_African_Union.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_African_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Flag_of_the_African_Union.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_African_Union.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> TBA</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina"><img alt="Argentina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/23px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/35px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/46px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Santiago_Bausili&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Santiago Bausili (page does not exist)">Bausili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia"><img alt="Australia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Michele_Bullock" title="Michele Bullock">Bullock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil"><img alt="Brazil" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/22px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/33px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/43px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Roberto_Campos_Neto" title="Roberto Campos Neto">Campos Neto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada"><img alt="Canada" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Tiff_Macklem" title="Tiff Macklem">Macklem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China" title="China"><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Pan_Gongsheng" title="Pan Gongsheng">Pan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union"><img alt="European Union" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/45px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lagarde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Villeroy_de_Galhau" title="François Villeroy de Galhau">Villeroy de Galhau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Joachim_Nagel" title="Joachim Nagel">Nagel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India" title="India"><img alt="India" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Shaktikanta_Das" title="Shaktikanta Das">Das</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia"><img alt="Indonesia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Perry_Warjiyo" title="Perry Warjiyo">Warjiyo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Fabio_Panetta" title="Fabio Panetta">Panetta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan"><img alt="Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Kazuo_Ueda" title="Kazuo Ueda">Ueda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico"><img alt="Mexico" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Victoria_Rodr%C3%ADguez_Ceja" title="Victoria Rodríguez Ceja">Rodríguez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia"><img alt="Russia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Elvira_Nabiullina" title="Elvira Nabiullina">Nabiullina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia"><img alt="Saudi Arabia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Fahad_Almubarak" title="Fahad Almubarak">Almubarak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa"><img alt="South Africa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Lesetja_Kganyago" title="Lesetja Kganyago">Kganyago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea"><img alt="South Korea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Rhee_Chang-yong" title="Rhee Chang-yong">Rhee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey"><img alt="Turkey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Fatih_Karahan" title="Fatih Karahan">Karahan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Bailey_(banker)" title="Andrew Bailey (banker)">Bailey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Jerome_Powell" title="Jerome Powell">Powell</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="First_Fillon_government" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Fillon_I" title="Template:Fillon I"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Fillon_I" title="Template talk:Fillon I"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Fillon_I" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Fillon I"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="First_Fillon_government" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">First <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Fillon" title="François Fillon">Fillon</a> government</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Fillon" title="François Fillon">François Fillon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alain_Jupp%C3%A9" title="Alain Juppé">Alain Juppé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Kouchner" title="Bernard Kouchner">Bernard Kouchner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herv%C3%A9_Morin" title="Hervé Morin">Hervé Morin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mich%C3%A8le_Alliot-Marie" title="Michèle Alliot-Marie">Michèle Alliot-Marie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brice_Hortefeux" title="Brice Hortefeux">Brice Hortefeux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rachida_Dati" title="Rachida Dati">Rachida Dati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Louis_Borloo" title="Jean-Louis Borloo">Jean-Louis Borloo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89ric_W%C5%93rth" class="mw-redirect" title="Éric Wœrth">Éric Wœrth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xavier_Bertrand" title="Xavier Bertrand">Xavier Bertrand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christine_Boutin" title="Christine Boutin">Christine Boutin</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Christine Lagarde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xavier_Darcos" title="Xavier Darcos">Xavier Darcos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Val%C3%A9rie_P%C3%A9cresse" title="Valérie Pécresse">Valérie Pécresse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christine_Albanel" title="Christine Albanel">Christine Albanel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roselyne_Bachelot" title="Roselyne Bachelot">Roselyne Bachelot</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Armoiries_r%C3%A9publique_fran%C3%A7aise.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of Arms of France"><img alt="Coat of Arms of France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Armoiries_r%C3%A9publique_fran%C3%A7aise.svg/50px-Armoiries_r%C3%A9publique_fran%C3%A7aise.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="57" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Armoiries_r%C3%A9publique_fran%C3%A7aise.svg/75px-Armoiries_r%C3%A9publique_fran%C3%A7aise.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Armoiries_r%C3%A9publique_fran%C3%A7aise.svg/100px-Armoiries_r%C3%A9publique_fran%C3%A7aise.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="175" data-file-height="199" /></a><figcaption>Coat of Arms of France</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Second_Fillon_government" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Fillon_II" title="Template:Fillon II"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Fillon_II" title="Template talk:Fillon II"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Fillon_II" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Fillon II"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Second_Fillon_government" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Second <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Fillon" title="François Fillon">Fillon</a> government</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Fillon" title="François Fillon">François Fillon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Baroin" title="François Baroin">François Baroin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alain_Jupp%C3%A9" title="Alain Juppé">Alain Juppé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Louis_Borloo" title="Jean-Louis Borloo">Jean-Louis Borloo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mich%C3%A8le_Alliot-Marie" title="Michèle Alliot-Marie">Michèle Alliot-Marie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Kouchner" title="Bernard Kouchner">Bernard Kouchner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herv%C3%A9_Morin" title="Hervé Morin">Hervé Morin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brice_Hortefeux" title="Brice Hortefeux">Brice Hortefeux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xavier_Darcos" title="Xavier Darcos">Xavier Darcos</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Christine Lagarde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89ric_W%C5%93rth" class="mw-redirect" title="Éric Wœrth">Éric Wœrth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89ric_Besson" title="Éric Besson">Éric Besson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luc_Chatel" title="Luc Chatel">Luc Chatel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruno_Le_Maire" title="Bruno Le Maire">Bruno Le Maire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Val%C3%A9rie_P%C3%A9cresse" title="Valérie Pécresse">Valérie Pécresse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Mitterrand" title="Frédéric Mitterrand">Frédéric Mitterrand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roselyne_Bachelot" title="Roselyne Bachelot">Roselyne Bachelot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Mercier" title="Michel Mercier">Michel Mercier</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Armoiries_r%C3%A9publique_fran%C3%A7aise.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of Arms of France"><img alt="Coat of Arms of France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Armoiries_r%C3%A9publique_fran%C3%A7aise.svg/50px-Armoiries_r%C3%A9publique_fran%C3%A7aise.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="57" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Armoiries_r%C3%A9publique_fran%C3%A7aise.svg/75px-Armoiries_r%C3%A9publique_fran%C3%A7aise.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Armoiries_r%C3%A9publique_fran%C3%A7aise.svg/100px-Armoiries_r%C3%A9publique_fran%C3%A7aise.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="175" data-file-height="199" /></a><figcaption>Coat of Arms of France</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Finance_ministers_of_France" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Finance_Ministers_of_France" title="Template:Finance Ministers of France"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Finance_Ministers_of_France" title="Template talk:Finance Ministers of France"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Finance_Ministers_of_France" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Finance Ministers of France"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Finance_ministers_of_France" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_finance_ministers_of_France" title="List of finance ministers of France">Finance ministers</a> of <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Superintendent_of_Finances" title="Superintendent of Finances">Superintendent of Finances</a> (1561–1661)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Controller-General_of_Finances" title="Controller-General of Finances">Controller-General of Finances</a> (1661–1791)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Valois" title="House of Valois">House of Valois</a> (1518–1589)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jacques_de_Beaune&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jacques de Beaune (page does not exist)">de Beaune</a> (1518–1524)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philibert_Babou" title="Philibert Babou">Babou</a> (1524–1544)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_du_Thiers" title="Jean du Thiers">du Thiers</a> (1544–1546)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_d%27Annebault" title="Claude d'Annebault">d'Annebault</a> (1546–1552)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andr%C3%A9_Guillart&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="André Guillart (page does not exist)">Guillart</a> (1552–1556)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean_d%27Avan%C3%A7on&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean d'Avançon (page does not exist)">d'Avançon</a> (1556–1559)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles,_Cardinal_of_Lorraine" title="Charles, Cardinal of Lorraine">de Lorraine</a> (1559–1560)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artus_de_Coss%C3%A9-Brissac" class="mw-redirect" title="Artus de Cossé-Brissac">de Cossé-Brissac</a>/<a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_d%27Ongnyes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Louis d'Ongnyes (page does not exist)">d'Ongnyes</a> (1561–1567)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_de_Birague" title="René de Birague">de Birague</a> (1568–1570)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pomponne_de_Belli%C3%A8vre" title="Pomponne de Bellièvre">de Bellièvre</a> (1574–1588)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_d%27O" title="François d'O">d'O</a> (1588–1589)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Bourbon" title="House of Bourbon">House of Bourbon</a> (1589–1792)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_d%27O" title="François d'O">d'O</a> (1589–1594)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximilien_de_B%C3%A9thune,_Duke_of_Sully" title="Maximilien de Béthune, Duke of Sully">de Béthune</a> (1598–1611)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Jeannin" title="Pierre Jeannin">Jeannin</a> (1614–1619)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_de_Schomberg" title="Henri de Schomberg">de Schomberg</a> (1619–1622)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_de_La_Vieuville" title="Charles de La Vieuville">de La Vieuville</a> (1623–1624)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Bochart_de_Champigny" title="Jean Bochart de Champigny">de Champigny</a>/<a href="/wiki/Michel_de_Marillac" title="Michel de Marillac">de Marillac</a> (1624–1626)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Co%C3%ABffier_de_Ruz%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Antoine Coëffier de Ruzé">de Ruzé</a> (1626–1632)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_de_Bullion" title="Claude de Bullion">de Bullion</a>/<a href="/wiki/Claude_Bouthillier" title="Claude Bouthillier">Bouthillier</a> (1632–1640)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Bouthillier" title="Claude Bouthillier">Bouthillier</a> (1640–1643)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicolas_de_Bailleul&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nicolas de Bailleul (page does not exist)">de Bailleul</a>/<a href="/wiki/Claude_de_Mesmes,_comte_d%27Avaux" title="Claude de Mesmes, comte d'Avaux">de Mesmes</a> (1643–1647)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Particelli_d%27Emery" title="Michel Particelli d'Emery">d'Emery</a> (1647–1648)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_de_La_Porte" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles de La Porte">de La Porte</a> (1648–1649)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Particelli_d%27Emery" title="Michel Particelli d'Emery">d'Emery</a>/<a href="/wiki/Claude_de_Mesmes" class="mw-redirect" title="Claude de Mesmes">de Mesmes</a> (1649–1650)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_de_Longueil" title="René de Longueil">de Longueil</a> (1650–1651)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_de_La_Vieuville" title="Charles de La Vieuville">de La Vieuville</a> (1651–1653)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abel_Servien" title="Abel Servien">Servien</a>/<a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Fouquet" title="Nicolas Fouquet">Fouquet</a> (1653–1659)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Fouquet" title="Nicolas Fouquet">Fouquet</a> (1659–1661)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Colbert" title="Jean-Baptiste Colbert">Colbert</a> (1661–1683)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Claude_Le_Pelletier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Claude Le Pelletier (page does not exist)">Le Pelletier</a> (1683–1689)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Ph%C3%A9lypeaux,_comte_de_Pontchartrain" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis Phélypeaux, comte de Pontchartrain">Phélypeaux</a> (1689–1699)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Chamillart" title="Michel Chamillart">Chamillart</a> (1699–1708)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Desmarets" title="Nicolas Desmarets">Desmarets</a> (1708–1715)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adrien_Maurice_de_Noailles" class="mw-redirect" title="Adrien Maurice de Noailles">de Noailles</a> (1715–1718)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri-Jacques_Nompar_de_Caumont,_duc_de_La_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Henri-Jacques Nompar de Caumont, duc de La Force">de Caumont</a> (1718–January 1720)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marc-Ren%C3%A9_de_Voyer_de_Paulmy_d%27Argenson_(1652%E2%80%931721)" title="Marc-René de Voyer de Paulmy d'Argenson (1652–1721)">de Voyer de Paulmy d'Argenson</a> (1718–January 1720)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Law_(economist)" title="John Law (economist)">Law</a> (January–May 1720)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michel_Robert_Le_Peletier_des_Forts&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michel Robert Le Peletier des Forts (page does not exist)">des Forts</a> (May–December 1720)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9lix_Le_Pelletier_de_La_Houssaye" title="Félix Le Pelletier de La Houssaye">de La Houssaye</a> (December 1720–1722)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Gaspard_Dodun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles Gaspard Dodun (page does not exist)">Dodun</a> (1722–1726)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michel_Robert_Le_Peletier_des_Forts&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michel Robert Le Peletier des Forts (page does not exist)">des Forts</a> (1726–1730)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philibert_Orry" title="Philibert Orry">Orry</a> (1730–1745)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_de_Machault_d%27Arnouville" title="Jean-Baptiste de Machault d'Arnouville">d'Arnouville</a> (1745–1754)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Moreau_de_S%C3%A9chelles" title="Jean Moreau de Séchelles">de Séchelles</a> (1754–1756)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Marie_Peyrenc_de_Moras" title="François Marie Peyrenc de Moras">de Moras</a> (1756–1757)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_de_Boullonges" title="Jean de Boullonges">de Boullonges</a> (1757–1759)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_de_Silhouette" title="Étienne de Silhouette">de Silhouette</a> (1759)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_L%C3%A9onard_Jean_Baptiste_Bertin" class="mw-redirect" title="Henri Léonard Jean Baptiste Bertin">Bertin</a> (1759–1763)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cl%C3%A9ment_Charles_Fran%C3%A7ois_de_Laverdy" title="Clément Charles François de Laverdy">de Laverdy</a> (1763–1768)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Maynon_d%27Invault" title="Étienne Maynon d'Invault">d'Invault</a> (1768–1769)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Marie_Terray" title="Joseph Marie Terray">Terray</a> (1769–1774)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne_Robert_Jacques_Turgot" title="Anne Robert Jacques Turgot">Turgot</a> (1774–1776)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean_%C3%89tienne_Bernard_Ogier_de_Clugny&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean Étienne Bernard Ogier de Clugny (page does not exist)">de Clugny</a> (1776)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis-Gabriel_Taboureau_des_R%C3%A9aux&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Louis-Gabriel Taboureau des Réaux (page does not exist)">des Réaux</a> (1776–1777)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Necker" title="Jacques Necker">Necker</a> (1777–1781)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_Joly_de_Fleury" title="Jean-François Joly de Fleury">de Fleury</a> (1781–1783)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_Fran%C3%A7ois_de_Paule_Lef%C3%A8vre_d%27Ormesson" class="mw-redirect" title="Henri François de Paule Lefèvre d'Ormesson">d'Ormesson</a> (1783)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Alexandre_de_Calonne" title="Charles Alexandre de Calonne">de Calonne</a> (1783–1787)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michel_Bouvard_de_Fourqueux&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Michel Bouvard de Fourqueux (page does not exist)">de Fourqueux</a> (1787)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Charles_de_Lom%C3%A9nie_de_Brienne" title="Étienne Charles de Loménie de Brienne">de Brienne</a> (1787–1788)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Necker" title="Jacques Necker">Necker</a> (1788–1789)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Auguste_Le_Tonnelier_de_Breteuil" title="Louis Auguste Le Tonnelier de Breteuil">de Breteuil</a> (1789)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Necker" title="Jacques Necker">Necker</a> (1789–1790)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Claude_Guillaume_Lambert&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles Claude Guillaume Lambert (page does not exist)">Lambert</a> (1790)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Antoine_de_Valdec_de_Lessart" title="Claude Antoine de Valdec de Lessart">de Lessart</a> (1790–1791)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_Hardouin_Tarb%C3%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Louis Hardouin Tarbé (page does not exist)">Tarbé</a> (1791–March 1792)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Clavi%C3%A8re" title="Étienne Clavière">Clavière</a> (March–13 June 1792)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Duranthon" class="mw-redirect" title="Antoine Duranthon">Duranthon</a> (13 June–18 June 1792)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jules_%C3%89mile_Fran%C3%A7ois_Herv%C3%A9_de_Beaulieu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jules Émile François Hervé de Beaulieu (page does not exist)">de Beaulieu</a> (18 June–29 July 1792)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Delaville-Leroulx&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joseph Delaville-Leroulx (page does not exist)">Delaville-Leroulx</a> (29 July–10 August 1792)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Clavi%C3%A8re" title="Étienne Clavière">Clavière</a> (10 August–21 September 1792)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/French_First_Republic" title="French First Republic">First Republic</a> (1792–1804)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Clavi%C3%A8re" title="Étienne Clavière">Clavière</a> (21 September 1792–1793)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Gr%C3%A9goire_Deschamps_Destournelles" title="Louis Grégoire Deschamps Destournelles">Destournelles</a> (1793–1794)</li> <li>Vacant (1794–1795)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guillaume-Charles_Faipoult" title="Guillaume-Charles Faipoult">Faipoult</a> (1795–1796)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominique-Vincent_Ramel-Nogaret" title="Dominique-Vincent Ramel-Nogaret">Ramel-Nogaret</a> (1796–July 1799)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Robert_Lindet" title="Jean-Baptiste Robert Lindet">Lindet</a> (July–November 1799)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin-Michel-Charles_Gaudin" class="mw-redirect" title="Martin-Michel-Charles Gaudin">Gaudin</a> (1799–1804)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/First_French_Empire" title="First French Empire">House of Bonaparte</a> (1804–1814)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Martin-Michel-Charles_Gaudin" class="mw-redirect" title="Martin-Michel-Charles Gaudin">Gaudin</a> (1804–1814)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bourbon_Restoration_in_France" title="Bourbon Restoration in France">House of Bourbon</a> (1814–1815)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Dominique,_baron_Louis" title="Joseph Dominique, baron Louis">Dominique</a> (1814–1815)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hundred_Days" title="Hundred Days">House of Bonaparte</a> (1815)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Martin-Michel-Charles_Gaudin" class="mw-redirect" title="Martin-Michel-Charles Gaudin">Gaudin</a> (March–July 1815)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bourbon_Restoration_in_France" title="Bourbon Restoration in France">House of Bourbon</a> (1815–1830)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Dominique,_baron_Louis" title="Joseph Dominique, baron Louis">Dominique</a> (July–September 1815)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis-Emmanuel_Corvetto" title="Louis-Emmanuel Corvetto">Corvetto</a> (September 1815–December 1818)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Roy" title="Antoine Roy">Roy</a> (7 December–29 December 1818)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Dominique,_baron_Louis" title="Joseph Dominique, baron Louis">Dominique</a> (December 29, 1818–November 1819)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Roy" title="Antoine Roy">Roy</a> (1819–1821)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_de_Vill%C3%A8le" class="mw-redirect" title="Jean-Baptiste de Villèle">de Villèle</a> (1821–1828)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Roy" title="Antoine Roy">Roy</a> (1828–1829)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christophe_de_Chabrol_de_Crouzol" title="Christophe de Chabrol de Crouzol">de Crouzol</a> (1829–May 1830)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guillaume-Isidore_Baron_de_Montbel" title="Guillaume-Isidore Baron de Montbel">de Montbel</a> (May–July 1830)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Dominique,_baron_Louis" title="Joseph Dominique, baron Louis">Dominique</a> (July–August 1830)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/July_Monarchy" title="July Monarchy">House of Orléans</a> (1830–1848)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Dominique,_baron_Louis" title="Joseph Dominique, baron Louis">Dominique</a> (August–November 1830)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Laffitte" title="Jacques Laffitte">Laffitte</a> (1830–1831)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Dominique,_baron_Louis" title="Joseph Dominique, baron Louis">Dominique</a> (1831–1832)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Humann" title="Georges Humann">Humann</a> (1832–10 November 1834)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hippolyte_Passy" title="Hippolyte Passy">Passy</a> (10 November–18 November 1834)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Humann" title="Georges Humann">Humann</a> (18 November 1834–1836)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Maurice_Apollinaire_d%27Argout" title="Antoine Maurice Apollinaire d'Argout">d'Argout</a> (January–September 1836)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanneguy_Duch%C3%A2tel" title="Tanneguy Duchâtel">Duchâtel</a> (1836–1837)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Lacave-Laplagne" title="Jean Lacave-Laplagne">Lacave-Laplagne</a> (1837–March 1839)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-%C3%89lie_Gautier" title="Jean-Élie Gautier">Gautier</a> (March–May 1839)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hippolyte_Passy" title="Hippolyte Passy">Passy</a> (May 1839–March 1840)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Pelet_de_la_Loz%C3%A8re" title="Joseph Pelet de la Lozère">de la Lozère</a> (March 1840–October 1840)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Humann" title="Georges Humann">Humann</a> (October 1840–1842)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Lacave-Laplagne" title="Jean Lacave-Laplagne">Lacave-Laplagne</a> (1842–1847)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Sylvain_Dumon" title="Pierre Sylvain Dumon">Dumon</a> (1847–February 1848)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/French_Second_Republic" title="French Second Republic">Second Republic</a> (1848–1852)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Goudchaux" title="Michel Goudchaux">Goudchaux</a> (February–March 1848)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis-Antoine_Garnier-Pag%C3%A8s" title="Louis-Antoine Garnier-Pagès">Garnier-Pagès</a> (March–May 1848)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Duclerc" title="Charles Duclerc">Duclerc</a> (May–June 1848)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Goudchaux" title="Michel Goudchaux">Goudchaux</a> (June–October 1848)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariste_Jacques_Trouv%C3%A9-Chauvel" title="Ariste Jacques Trouvé-Chauvel">Trouvé-Chauvel</a> (October–December 1848)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hippolyte_Passy" title="Hippolyte Passy">Passy</a> (December 1848–October 1849)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achille_Fould" title="Achille Fould">Fould</a> (October 1849–January 1851)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Le_B%C3%A8gue_de_Germiny" title="Charles Le Bègue de Germiny">de Germiny</a> (January–April 1851)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achille_Fould" title="Achille Fould">Fould</a> (April–October 1851)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Blondel" title="Antoine Blondel">Blondel</a> (October–November 1851)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-Xavier_Joseph_de_Casabianca" title="François-Xavier Joseph de Casabianca">de Casabianca</a> (November–December 1851)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achille_Fould" title="Achille Fould">Fould</a> (December 1851–January 1852)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Second_French_Empire" title="Second French Empire">House of Bonaparte</a> (1852–1870)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Martial_Bineau" title="Jean-Martial Bineau">Bineau</a> (January 1852–1855)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Magne" title="Pierre Magne">Magne</a> (1855–1860)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolphe_de_Forcade_La_Roquette" title="Adolphe de Forcade La Roquette">La Roquette</a> (1860–1861)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achille_Fould" title="Achille Fould">Fould</a> (1861–1867)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Rouher" title="Eugène Rouher">Rouher</a> (January–November 1867)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Magne" title="Pierre Magne">Magne</a> (1867–January 1870)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Buffet" title="Louis Buffet">Buffet</a> (January–April 1870)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89mile_Alexis_Segris&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Émile Alexis Segris (page does not exist)">Segris</a> (April–August 1870)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Magne" title="Pierre Magne">Magne</a> (August–September 1870)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/French_Third_Republic" title="French Third Republic">Third Republic</a> (1870–1940)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Picard" title="Ernest Picard">Picard</a> (September 1870–19 February 1871)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Buffet" title="Louis Buffet">Buffet</a> (19 February–25 February 1871)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustin_Pouyer-Quertier" title="Augustin Pouyer-Quertier">Pouyer-Quertier</a> (1871–1872)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eug%C3%A8ne_de_Goulard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eugène de Goulard (page does not exist)">de Goulard</a> (April–December 1872)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_Say" title="Léon Say">Say</a> (December 1872–1873)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Magne" title="Pierre Magne">Magne</a> (1873–1874)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Mathieu-Bodet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pierre Mathieu-Bodet (page does not exist)">Mathieu-Bodet</a> (1874–1875)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_Say" title="Léon Say">Say</a> (1875–May 1877)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Caillaux" title="Eugène Caillaux">Caillaux</a> (May 1877–November 1877)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fran%C3%A7ois_Dutilleul&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="François Dutilleul (page does not exist)">Dutilleul</a> (November–December 1877)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_Say" title="Léon Say">Say</a> (1877–1879)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Magnin" title="Pierre Magnin">Magnin</a> (1879–1881)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Allain-Targ%C3%A9" title="François Allain-Targé">Allain-Targé</a> (1881–1882)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_Say" title="Léon Say">Say</a> (January–August 1882)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Tirard" title="Pierre Tirard">Tirard</a> (August 1882–6 April 1885)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Clamageran" class="mw-redirect" title="Jean Clamageran">Clamageran</a> (6 April–16 April 1885)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marie_Fran%C3%A7ois_Sadi_Carnot" class="mw-redirect" title="Marie François Sadi Carnot">Carnot</a> (16 April 1885–December 1886)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Dauphin" title="Albert Dauphin">Dauphin</a> (December 1886–May 1887)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Rouvier" title="Maurice Rouvier">Rouvier</a> (May–December 1887)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Tirard" title="Pierre Tirard">Tirard</a> (December 1887–April 1888)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Peytral" title="Paul Peytral">Peytral</a> (April 1888–1889)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Rouvier" title="Maurice Rouvier">Rouvier</a> (1889–1892)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Tirard" title="Pierre Tirard">Tirard</a> (1892–April 1893)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Peytral" title="Paul Peytral">Peytral</a> (April–December 1893)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auguste_Burdeau" title="Auguste Burdeau">Burdeau</a> (December 1893–May 1894)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Poincar%C3%A9" title="Raymond Poincaré">Poincaré</a> (May 1894–January 1895)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Ribot" title="Alexandre Ribot">Ribot</a> (January–November 1895)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Doumer" title="Paul Doumer">Doumer</a> (November 1895–1896)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Cochery" title="Georges Cochery">Cochery</a> (1896–1898)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Peytral" title="Paul Peytral">Peytral</a> (1898–1899)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Caillaux" title="Joseph Caillaux">Caillaux</a> (1899–1902)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Rouvier" title="Maurice Rouvier">Rouvier</a> (1902–1905)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Merlou&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pierre Merlou (page does not exist)">Merlou</a> (1905–March 1906)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Poincar%C3%A9" title="Raymond Poincaré">Poincaré</a> (March–October 1906)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Caillaux" title="Joseph Caillaux">Caillaux</a> (October 1906–1909)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Cochery" title="Georges Cochery">Cochery</a> (1909–1910)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis-Lucien_Klotz" title="Louis-Lucien Klotz">Klotz</a> (1910–March 1911)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Caillaux" title="Joseph Caillaux">Caillaux</a> (March–June 1911)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis-Lucien_Klotz" title="Louis-Lucien Klotz">Klotz</a> (June 1911–March 1913)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Dumont_(politician)" title="Charles Dumont (politician)">Dumont</a> (March–December 1913)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Caillaux" title="Joseph Caillaux">Caillaux</a> (December 1913–March 1914)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Renoult" title="René Renoult">Renoult</a> (March–June 1914)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Cl%C3%A9mentel" title="Étienne Clémentel">Clémentel</a> (9 June–13 June 1914)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Noullens" class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph Noullens">Noullens</a> (June–August 1914)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Ribot" title="Alexandre Ribot">Ribot</a> (August 1914–1917)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Thierry" title="Joseph Thierry">Thierry</a> (March–September 1917)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Lucien_Klotz" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis Lucien Klotz">Klotz</a> (1917–1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Fran%C3%A7ois-Marsal" title="Frédéric François-Marsal">François-Marsal</a> (1920–1921)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Doumer" title="Paul Doumer">Doumer</a> (1921–1922)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Lasteyrie" title="Charles de Lasteyrie">de Lasteyrie</a> (1922–1924)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Fran%C3%A7ois-Marsal" title="Frédéric François-Marsal">François-Marsal</a> (March–June 1924)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tienne_Clementel" class="mw-redirect" title="Étienne Clementel">Clementel</a> (June 1924–3 April 1925)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anatole_de_Monzie" title="Anatole de Monzie">de Monzie</a> (3 April–17 April 1925)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Caillaux" title="Joseph Caillaux">Caillaux</a> (April–October 1925)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Painlev%C3%A9" title="Paul Painlevé">Painlevé</a> (October–November 1925)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Loucheur" title="Louis Loucheur">Loucheur</a> (November–December 1925)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Doumer" title="Paul Doumer">Doumer</a> (December 1925–March 1926)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raoul_P%C3%A9ret" title="Raoul Péret">Péret</a> (March–June 1926)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Caillaux" title="Joseph Caillaux">Caillaux</a> (June–July 1926)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anatole_de_Monzie" title="Anatole de Monzie">de Monzie</a> (19 July–23 July 1926)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Poincar%C3%A9" title="Raymond Poincaré">Poincaré</a> (July 1926–1928)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Ch%C3%A9ron" title="Henry Chéron">Chéron</a> (1928–February 1930)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Dumont_(politician)" title="Charles Dumont (politician)">Dumont</a> (February–March 1930)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Reynaud" title="Paul Reynaud">Reynaud</a> (March–December 1930)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Germain-Martin" title="Louis Germain-Martin">Germain-Martin</a> (December 1930–January 1931)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre-%C3%89tienne_Flandin" title="Pierre-Étienne Flandin">Flandin</a> (January 1931–1932)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Germain-Martin" title="Louis Germain-Martin">Germain-Martin</a> (June–December 1932)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Ch%C3%A9ron" title="Henry Chéron">Chéron</a> (December 1932–January 1933)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Bonnet" title="Georges Bonnet">Bonnet</a> (January 1933–January 1934)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Pi%C3%A9tri" title="François Piétri">Piétri</a> (January–February 1934)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Marchandeau" title="Paul Marchandeau">Marchandeau</a> (4 February–9 February 1934)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Germain-Martin" title="Louis Germain-Martin">Germain-Martin</a> (February 1934–June 1935)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Caillaux" title="Joseph Caillaux">Caillaux</a> (1 June–7 June 1935)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marcel_R%C3%A9gnier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marcel Régnier (page does not exist)">Régnier</a> (June 1935–1936)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincent_Auriol" title="Vincent Auriol">Auriol</a> (1936–1937)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Bonnet" title="Georges Bonnet">Bonnet</a> (1937–January 1938)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Marchandeau" title="Paul Marchandeau">Marchandeau</a> (January–March 1938)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_Blum" title="Léon Blum">Blum</a> (March–April 1938)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Marchandeau" title="Paul Marchandeau">Marchandeau</a> (April–November 1938)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Reynaud" title="Paul Reynaud">Reynaud</a> (November 1938–March 1940)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucien_Lamoureux_(France)" title="Lucien Lamoureux (France)">Lamoureux</a> (March–June 1940)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Vichy_France" title="Vichy France">Vichy France</a> (1940–1944)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yves_Bouthillier" title="Yves Bouthillier">Bouthillier</a> (1940–1942)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Cathala" title="Pierre Cathala">Cathala</a> (1942–1944)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Free_France" title="Free France">Free France</a> (1941–1944)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Pleven" title="René Pleven">Pleven</a> (1941–1942)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Diethelm" title="André Diethelm">Diethelm</a> (1942–June 1943)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Couve_de_Murville" title="Maurice Couve de Murville">Couve de Murville</a> (June–November 1943)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Mend%C3%A8s_France" title="Pierre Mendès France">France</a> (November 1943–September 1944)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Provisional_Government_of_the_French_Republic" title="Provisional Government of the French Republic">Provisional Government</a> (1944–1946)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aim%C3%A9_Lepercq" title="Aimé Lepercq">Lepercq</a> (September–November 1944)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Pleven" title="René Pleven">Pleven</a> (November 1944–January 1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Philip" title="André Philip">Philip</a> (January–June 1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Schuman" title="Robert Schuman">Schuman</a> (June–October 1946)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/French_Fourth_Republic" title="French Fourth Republic">Fourth Republic</a> (1946–1958)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Schuman" title="Robert Schuman">Schuman</a> (October–December 1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Philip" title="André Philip">Philip</a> (December 1946–January 1947)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Schuman" title="Robert Schuman">Schuman</a> (January–November 1947)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Mayer" title="René Mayer">Mayer</a> (November 1947–July 1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Reynaud" title="Paul Reynaud">Reynaud</a> (July–September 1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Pineau" title="Christian Pineau">Pineau</a> (5 September–11 September 1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_Queuille" title="Henri Queuille">Queuille</a> (September 1948–January 1949)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maurice_Petsche&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Maurice Petsche (page does not exist)">Petsche</a> (1949–1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Mayer" title="René Mayer">Mayer</a> (1951–January 1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Faure" title="Edgar Faure">Faure</a> (January–March 1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Pinay" title="Antoine Pinay">Pinay</a> (March 1952–January 1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Bourg%C3%A8s-Maunoury" title="Maurice Bourgès-Maunoury">Bourgès-Maunoury</a> (January–June 1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Faure" title="Edgar Faure">Faure</a> (1953–1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Buron" title="Robert Buron">Buron</a> (January–February 1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Pflimlin" title="Pierre Pflimlin">Pflimlin</a> (February 1955–February 1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Lacoste" title="Robert Lacoste">Lacoste</a> (1 February–14 February 1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Ramadier" title="Paul Ramadier">Ramadier</a> (February 1956–June 1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/F%C3%A9lix_Gaillard" title="Félix Gaillard">Gaillard</a> (June–November 1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Pflimlin" title="Pierre Pflimlin">Pflimlin</a> (November 1957–May 1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Faure" title="Edgar Faure">Faure</a> (May–June 1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Pinay" title="Antoine Pinay">Pinay</a> (June–October 1958)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/French_Fifth_Republic" title="French Fifth Republic">Fifth Republic</a> (1958–present)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Pinay" title="Antoine Pinay">Pinay</a> (October 1958–1960)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wilfrid_Baumgartner&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wilfrid Baumgartner (page does not exist)">Baumgartner</a> (1960–1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Val%C3%A9ry_Giscard_d%27Estaing" title="Valéry Giscard d'Estaing">Giscard d'Estaing</a> (1962–1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Debr%C3%A9" title="Michel Debré">Debré</a> (1966–May 1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Couve_de_Murville" title="Maurice Couve de Murville">Couve de Murville</a> (May–July 1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-Xavier_Ortoli" title="François-Xavier Ortoli">Ortoli</a> (July 1968–June 1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Val%C3%A9ry_Giscard_d%27Estaing" title="Valéry Giscard d'Estaing">Giscard d'Estaing</a> (1969–1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Pierre_Fourcade" title="Jean-Pierre Fourcade">Fourcade</a> (1974–1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymond_Barre" title="Raymond Barre">Barre</a> (1976–1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Monory" title="René Monory">Monory</a> (1978–1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Delors" title="Jacques Delors">Delors</a> (1981–1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_B%C3%A9r%C3%A9govoy" title="Pierre Bérégovoy">Bérégovoy</a> (1984–1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89douard_Balladur" title="Édouard Balladur">Balladur</a> (1986–1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_B%C3%A9r%C3%A9govoy" title="Pierre Bérégovoy">Bérégovoy</a> (1988–1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Sapin" title="Michel Sapin">Sapin</a> (1992–1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmond_Alphand%C3%A9ry" title="Edmond Alphandéry">Alphandéry</a> (1993–May 1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alain_Madelin" title="Alain Madelin">Madelin</a> (May–August 1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Arthuis" title="Jean Arthuis">Arthuis</a> (August 1995–1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominique_Strauss-Kahn" title="Dominique Strauss-Kahn">Strauss-Kahn</a> (1997–1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Sautter" title="Christian Sautter">Sautter</a> (1999–2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurent_Fabius" title="Laurent Fabius">Fabius</a> (2000–2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Mer" title="Francis Mer">Mer</a> (2002–2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Sarkozy" title="Nicolas Sarkozy">Sarkozy</a> (March–November 2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herv%C3%A9_Gaymard" title="Hervé Gaymard">Gaymard</a> (November 2004–2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thierry_Breton" title="Thierry Breton">Breton</a> (2005–May 2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Louis_Borloo" title="Jean-Louis Borloo">Borloo</a> (May–June 2007)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lagarde</a> (June 2007–2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Baroin" title="François Baroin">Baroin</a> (2011–2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Moscovici" title="Pierre Moscovici">Moscovici</a> (2012–2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Sapin" title="Michel Sapin">Sapin</a> (2014–2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruno_Le_Maire" title="Bruno Le Maire">Le Maire</a> (2017–2024)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Armand" title="Antoine Armand">Armand</a> (2024–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="IMF_Managing_Directors" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:IMF_Managing_Directors" title="Template:IMF Managing Directors"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:IMF_Managing_Directors" title="Template talk:IMF Managing Directors"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:IMF_Managing_Directors" title="Special:EditPage/Template:IMF Managing Directors"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="IMF_Managing_Directors" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" title="International Monetary Fund">IMF</a> Managing Directors</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Camille_Gutt" title="Camille Gutt">Camille Gutt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivar_Rooth" title="Ivar Rooth">Ivar Rooth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Per_Jacobsson" title="Per Jacobsson">Per Jacobsson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre-Paul_Schweitzer" title="Pierre-Paul Schweitzer">Pierre-Paul Schweitzer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johan_Witteveen" title="Johan Witteveen">Johan Witteveen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_de_Larosi%C3%A8re" title="Jacques de Larosière">Jacques de Larosière</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Camdessus" title="Michel Camdessus">Michel Camdessus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horst_K%C3%B6hler" title="Horst Köhler">Horst Köhler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rodrigo_Rato" title="Rodrigo Rato">Rodrigo Rato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominique_Strauss-Kahn" title="Dominique Strauss-Kahn">Dominique Strauss-Kahn</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Christine Lagarde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kristalina_Georgieva" title="Kristalina Georgieva">Kristalina Georgieva</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Members_of_the_Governing_Council_of_the_European_Central_Bank" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:ECB-GoverningCouncil" title="Template:ECB-GoverningCouncil"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:ECB-GoverningCouncil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:ECB-GoverningCouncil (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:ECB-GoverningCouncil" title="Special:EditPage/Template:ECB-GoverningCouncil"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Members_of_the_Governing_Council_of_the_European_Central_Bank" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Members of the Governing Council of the <a href="/wiki/European_Central_Bank" title="European Central Bank">European Central Bank</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union"><img alt="European Union" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/45px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Christine Lagarde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union"><img alt="European Union" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/45px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Luis_de_Guindos" title="Luis de Guindos">Luis de Guindos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union"><img alt="European Union" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/45px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Isabel_Schnabel" title="Isabel Schnabel">Isabel Schnabel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union"><img alt="European Union" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/45px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Frank_Elderson" title="Frank Elderson">Frank Elderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union"><img alt="European Union" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/45px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Fabio_Panetta" title="Fabio Panetta">Fabio Panetta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union"><img alt="European Union" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/45px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Philip_R._Lane" title="Philip R. Lane">Philip R. Lane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Villeroy_de_Galhau" title="François Villeroy de Galhau">François Villeroy de Galhau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Joachim_Nagel" title="Joachim Nagel">Joachim Nagel</a> </li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Ignazio_Visco" title="Ignazio Visco">Ignazio Visco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia"><img alt="Croatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Boris_Vuj%C4%8Di%C4%87" title="Boris Vujčić">Boris Vujčić</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia"><img alt="Slovenia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bo%C5%A1tjan_Vasle&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Boštjan Vasle (page does not exist)">Boštjan Vasle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain"><img alt="Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Pablo_Hern%C3%A1ndez_de_Cos" title="Pablo Hernández de Cos">Pablo Hernández de Cos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium"><img alt="Belgium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Belgium.svg/17px-Flag_of_Belgium.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Belgium.svg/27px-Flag_of_Belgium.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Flag_of_Belgium.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="780" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Wunsch&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pierre Wunsch (page does not exist)">Pierre Wunsch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece"><img alt="Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Yannis_Stournaras" title="Yannis Stournaras">Yannis Stournaras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg"><img alt="Luxembourg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/23px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/35px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg/46px-Flag_of_Luxembourg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="307" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Gaston_Reinesch" title="Gaston Reinesch">Gaston Reinesch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria"><img alt="Austria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Holzmann" title="Robert Holzmann">Robert Holzmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia"><img alt="Slovakia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Peter_Ka%C5%BEim%C3%ADr" title="Peter Kažimír">Peter Kažimír</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania"><img alt="Lithuania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Flag_of_Lithuania.svg/46px-Flag_of_Lithuania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gediminas_%C5%A0imkus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gediminas Šimkus (page does not exist)">Gediminas Šimkus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland"><img alt="Finland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Olli_Rehn" title="Olli Rehn">Olli Rehn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal"><img alt="Portugal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Mario_Centeno" class="mw-redirect" title="Mario Centeno">Mario Centeno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malta" title="Malta"><img alt="Malta" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Malta.svg/45px-Flag_of_Malta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Edward_Scicluna" title="Edward Scicluna">Edward Scicluna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia"><img alt="Estonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Madis_M%C3%BCller" title="Madis Müller">Madis Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia"><img alt="Latvia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Flag_of_Latvia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Latvia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/M%C4%81rti%C5%86%C5%A1_Kaz%C4%81ks" title="Mārtiņš Kazāks">Mārtiņš Kazāks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Netherlands" title="The Netherlands"><img alt="The Netherlands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Klaas_Knot" title="Klaas Knot">Klaas Knot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus"><img alt="Cyprus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Cyprus.svg/45px-Flag_of_Cyprus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Christodoulos_Patsalides&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christodoulos Patsalides (page does not exist)">Christodoulos Patsalides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ireland" title="Ireland"><img alt="Ireland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Makhlouf" title="Gabriel Makhlouf">Gabriel Makhlouf</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484605#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484605#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484605#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000120996165">ISNI</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/20011965">VIAF</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1926754/">FAST</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJxH4HfJmpdw4bcPcvhj4q">WorldCat</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/143043935">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2010070544">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb157750012">France</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb157750012">BnF data</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/LIGV037955">Italy</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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