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window.loswp.work = {"work":{"id":73418757,"created_at":"2022-03-09T11:03:50.029-08:00","from_world_paper_id":198099819,"updated_at":"2025-02-02T11:55:03.288-08:00","_data":{"publisher":"Cambridge University Press (CUP)","ai_abstract":"Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy serves as a critical analytical technique for investigating carbohydrate metabolism in both in vitro and in vivo settings. The methodology takes advantage of the magnetic properties of various stable isotopes, particularly focusing on 1H, 13C, 15N, and 31P nuclei, to provide insights into metabolic processes. The ability to quantify metabolic changes through NMR offers significant applications in understanding energy metabolism, particularly in clinical contexts involving muscle bioenergetics and related pathologies.","ai_title_tag":"NMR Spectroscopy in Carbohydrate Metabolism","publication_date":"1994,,","publication_name":"Proceedings of the Nutrition Society"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy as a tool to study carbohydrate metabolism","broadcastable":false,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [9294596]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "control"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loginModal = {}; window.loginModal.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon'; window.userInChina = "false";</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":81947778,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy as a tool to study carbohydrate metabolism”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/81947778/mini_magick20220309-9342-k2syf9.png?1646852784" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/single_work_splash/adobe_icon.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy as a tool to study carbohydrate metabolism</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="9294596" href="https://independent.academia.edu/PaulGreenhaff"><img alt="Profile image of Paul Greenhaff" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/9294596/2979306/3495857/s65_paul.greenhaff.jpg" />Paul Greenhaff</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">1994, Proceedings of the Nutrition Society</p><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">visibility</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm" id="work-metadata-view-count">…</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">description</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">9 pages</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">link</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">1 file</p></div></div><script>(async () => { const workId = 73418757; const worksViewsPath = "/v0/works/views?subdomain_param=api&work_ids%5B%5D=73418757"; const getWorkViews = async (workId) => { const response = await fetch(worksViewsPath); if (!response.ok) { throw new Error('Failed to load work views'); } const data = await response.json(); return data.views[workId]; }; // Get the view count for the work - we send this immediately rather than waiting for // the DOM to load, so it can be available as soon as possible (but without holding up // the backend or other resource requests, because it's a bit expensive and not critical). const viewCount = await getWorkViews(workId); const updateViewCount = (viewCount) => { try { const viewCountNumber = parseInt(viewCount, 10); if (viewCountNumber === 0) { // Remove the whole views element if there are zero views. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); return; } const commaizedViewCount = viewCountNumber.toLocaleString(); const viewCountBody = document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count'); if (!viewCountBody) { throw new Error('Failed to find work views element'); } viewCountBody.textContent = `${commaizedViewCount} views`; } catch (error) { // Remove the whole views element if there was some issue parsing. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); throw new Error(`Failed to parse view count: ${viewCount}`, error); } }; // If the DOM is still loading, wait for it to be ready before updating the view count. if (document.readyState === "loading") { document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { updateViewCount(viewCount); }); // Otherwise, just update it immediately. } else { updateViewCount(viewCount); } })();</script></div><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">AI-generated Abstract</p><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy serves as a critical analytical technique for investigating carbohydrate metabolism in both in vitro and in vivo settings. The methodology takes advantage of the magnetic properties of various stable isotopes, particularly focusing on 1H, 13C, 15N, and 31P nuclei, to provide insights into metabolic processes. The ability to quantify metabolic changes through NMR offers significant applications in understanding energy metabolism, particularly in clinical contexts involving muscle bioenergetics and related pathologies.</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":81947778,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/73418757/Nuclear_magnetic_resonance_spectroscopy_as_a_tool_to_study_carbohydrate_metabolism"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":81947778,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/73418757/Nuclear_magnetic_resonance_spectroscopy_as_a_tool_to_study_carbohydrate_metabolism"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger-container"><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger ds-signup-banner-trigger-control"></div></div><div class="ds-signup-banner ds-signup-banner-control"><div id="ds-signup-banner-close-button"><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary ds2-5-button--inverse"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">close</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-ctas"><img src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-capital-white.svg" /><h4 class="ds2-5-heading-serif-sm">Sign up for access to the world's latest research</h4><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--inverse ds2-5-button--full-width js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"signup-banner"}">Sign up for free<span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">arrow_forward</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-divider"></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons"><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Get notified about relevant papers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Save papers to use in your research</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Join the discussion with peers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Track your impact</span></div></div></div><script>(() => { // Set up signup banner show/hide behavior: // 1. 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In this report a student-oriented approach is presented, which enhances the ability of students to comprehend the basic concepts of NMR spectroscopy and the NMR spectra of various nuclei. The origin of chemical shifts, coupling constants, spin relaxation and the Nuclear Overhauser</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE (NMR) SPECTROSCOPY: BASIC PRINCIPLES AND PHENOMENA, AND THEIR APPLICATIONS TO CHEMISTRY, BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE","attachmentId":42229803,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/17786864/NUCLEAR_MAGNETIC_RESONANCE_NMR_SPECTROSCOPY_BASIC_PRINCIPLES_AND_PHENOMENA_AND_THEIR_APPLICATIONS_TO_CHEMISTRY_BIOLOGY_AND_MEDICINE","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/17786864/NUCLEAR_MAGNETIC_RESONANCE_NMR_SPECTROSCOPY_BASIC_PRINCIPLES_AND_PHENOMENA_AND_THEIR_APPLICATIONS_TO_CHEMISTRY_BIOLOGY_AND_MEDICINE"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="88555945" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/88555945/Nuclear_magnetic_resonance_spectroscopy_in_research_and_clinical_diagnosis">Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in research and clinical diagnosis</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="107717390" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MuhammadMaulana364">Muhammad Maulana</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">European Journal of Clinical Investigation, 1983</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in research and clinical diagnosis","attachmentId":92508258,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/88555945/Nuclear_magnetic_resonance_spectroscopy_in_research_and_clinical_diagnosis","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/88555945/Nuclear_magnetic_resonance_spectroscopy_in_research_and_clinical_diagnosis"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span 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href="https://www.academia.edu/18272146/NMR_Nomenclature_Nuclear_Spin_Properties_and_Conventions_for_Chemical_Shifts_IUPAC_Recommendations">NMR Nomenclature: Nuclear Spin Properties and Conventions for Chemical Shifts—IUPAC Recommendations</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="38254055" href="https://boscobae.academia.edu/RobinHarris">Robin Harris</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Magnetic Resonance, 2002</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Republication or reproduction of this report or its storage and/or dissemination by electronic means is permitted without the need for formal IUPAC permission on condition that an acknowledgment, with full reference to the source, along with use of the copyright symbol ©, the name IUPAC, and the year of publication, are prominently visible. Publication of a translation into another language is subject to the additional condition of prior approval from the relevant IUPAC National Adhering Organization.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"NMR Nomenclature: Nuclear Spin Properties and Conventions for Chemical Shifts—IUPAC Recommendations","attachmentId":39966496,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/18272146/NMR_Nomenclature_Nuclear_Spin_Properties_and_Conventions_for_Chemical_Shifts_IUPAC_Recommendations","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/18272146/NMR_Nomenclature_Nuclear_Spin_Properties_and_Conventions_for_Chemical_Shifts_IUPAC_Recommendations"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="93062580" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/93062580/The_application_of_homonuclear_two_dimensional_chemical_shift_correlation_maps_to_the_31P_nuclear_magnetic_resonance_of_mixtures_of_nucleotides_involved_in_cellular_bioenergetic_processes">The application of homonuclear two-dimensional chemical shift correlation maps to the 31P nuclear magnetic resonance of mixtures of nucleotides involved in cellular bioenergetic processes</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="217544077" href="https://independent.academia.edu/wHutt1">w Hutt</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Magnetic Resonance (1969), 1982</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The application of homonuclear two-dimensional chemical shift correlation maps to the 31P nuclear magnetic resonance of mixtures of nucleotides involved in cellular bioenergetic processes","attachmentId":95905300,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/93062580/The_application_of_homonuclear_two_dimensional_chemical_shift_correlation_maps_to_the_31P_nuclear_magnetic_resonance_of_mixtures_of_nucleotides_involved_in_cellular_bioenergetic_processes","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/93062580/The_application_of_homonuclear_two_dimensional_chemical_shift_correlation_maps_to_the_31P_nuclear_magnetic_resonance_of_mixtures_of_nucleotides_involved_in_cellular_bioenergetic_processes"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="84586555" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/84586555/Rate_Constants_Determined_by_Nuclear_Magnetic_Resonance">Rate Constants Determined by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="135504568" href="https://independent.academia.edu/OctavioMonasterio">Octavio Monasterio</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Methods, 2001</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">nucleus ( 1 H, 19 F, or 31 P). The measurement of rate con-Fast kinetic methods are used to measure reactions that take stants is discussed in terms of the modification of the place in less time than required to mix the reagents manually resonance frequency, chemical shift, or relaxation rates and to measure the reaction by usual methods, like UV-visible when the ligand forms a binary complex with a protein spectrophotometry and fluorescence. The best known of them are at equilibrium. The experimental procedure is given rapid-mixing and relaxation methods, which are used for reactions with half-times in the millisecond and microsecond ranges, respecwith some detail only when the relaxation rates contively. The picosecond range is usually measured with electrical stants are measured. A short introduction is provided field and ultrasonic waves (A. Cornish-Bowden, 1976, Principles of to the principles of nuclear magnetic resonance re-Enzyme Kinetics, pp. 164-167, Butterworths, London). Normally quired for understanding the base of the measurement. these very fast rates occur when a ligand binds to or dissociates NMR spectra are characterized by chemical shifts (␦), from a protein. When the binding is mediated only by the diffusion, spin-spin splitting or the coupling constant (J ) and the the lower limit of the association rate constant (k on ) should not relaxation rates of the nuclei, and the spin lattice (T 1 ) exceed the value of a diffusion-controlled reaction (around 10 10 and the spin-spin (T 2 ) relaxation times. Bloch (1) de-M Ϫ1 s Ϫ1 ). Therefore, the values most frequently found for these rate constants, for example, in the association of a substrate with rived the equations to define the motion of the magnetic an enzyme, are in the range 10 6 to 10 9 M Ϫ1 s Ϫ1 (M. Eigen and moment () or magnetization M in the samples. The G. G. Hammes, 1963, Adv. Enzymol. 25, 1-38). The values for motion in the direction of the external magnetic field the dissociation rate constants (k off ) for these reactions, which B 0 is designated dM z /dt. In the plane perpendicular to depend on the equilibrium constant for the enzyme-substrate B 0 , the xy plane, the motion of the magnetization vector complex interaction, are in the range 10 1 to 10 5 s Ϫ1 , most often is designated dM x /dt. Magnetization in the xy plane between 10 3 and 10 4 s Ϫ1 (A. Fersht, 1999, Structure and Mecha-occurs because of the property of spin of the nuclei. nism in Protein Science, pp. 164-165, Freeman, New York). If the equilibrium constant is known, and the value of k off is deter-When a sample with a nuclear spin is placed in an mined by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), as described in this external magnetic field B 0 , a torque is placed on the chapter, the value of k on can be calculated; this should not exceed magnetic moment M by B 0 to change the angular mothe value of diffusion rate in the media in which the reaction is mentum P: performed.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Rate Constants Determined by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance","attachmentId":89557053,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/84586555/Rate_Constants_Determined_by_Nuclear_Magnetic_Resonance","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/84586555/Rate_Constants_Determined_by_Nuclear_Magnetic_Resonance"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="49460188" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/49460188/31P_NMR_spectroscopy_in_food_analysis">31P NMR spectroscopy in food analysis</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="24286180" href="https://crete.academia.edu/PDais">Photis Dais</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Prog Nucl Magn Reson Spectros, 2009</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"31P NMR spectroscopy in food analysis","attachmentId":67806637,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/49460188/31P_NMR_spectroscopy_in_food_analysis","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/49460188/31P_NMR_spectroscopy_in_food_analysis"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="29555494" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/29555494/31_P_NMR_in_the_study_of_liver_metabolism_in_vivo">31-P NMR in the study of liver metabolism in vivo</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="33701835" href="https://independent.academia.edu/Bj%C3%B8rnQuistorff">Bjørn Quistorff</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, 1983</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"31-P NMR in the study of liver metabolism in 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href="https://www.academia.edu/54360323/Nuclear_magnetic_resonance_spectroscopy_of_biochemical_materials">Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of biochemical materials</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32745043" href="https://independent.academia.edu/StephenBarnes5">Stephen Barnes</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Endeavour, 1975</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The complete 'H nuclear magnetic resonance assignments have been made for the common mono-, di-, and trihydroxy 50-cholanoic acids; lithocholic acid, chenodeoxycholic acid, ursodeoxycholic acid, deoxycholic acid, cholic acid, and the unsubstituted parent compound, 5P-cholanoic acid, by heteronuclear-correlated two-dimensional NMR. The known I3C chemical shifts of these compounds were used to make the proton resonance assignments, and consistency of the carbon and proton assignments was verified by expected changes due to substituent effects. This has led to clarification of previously published I3C NMR resonance assignments. Addition of the 3a, 7a, and 12a hydroxyl substituent effects derived from the monoand dihydroxycholanoic acids yielded predicted values for proton chemical shifts of the trihydroxy-substituted 5P-cholanoic acid, cholic acid, that agreed well with experimental values. It is suggested that the individual substituent effects can be used to predict proton chemical shifts for hydroxycholanic acids containing other combinations of 3a, 7a, 7P, and 12a hydroxyl groups.-Waterhow, D. V., S. Barnes, and D. D. Muccio. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of bile acids. Development of two-dimensional NMR methods for the elucidation of proton resonance assignments for five common hydroxylated bile acids, and their parent bile acid, 5P-cholanoic acid. J. 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