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aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Early_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Early history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Colonial_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Colonial_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Colonial era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Colonial_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Japanese_occupation_and_independence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Japanese_occupation_and_independence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Japanese occupation and independence</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Japanese_occupation_and_independence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Topography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Topography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Topography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Topography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Government_and_administrative_divisions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government_and_administrative_divisions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Government and administrative divisions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Government_and_administrative_divisions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Regency_capitals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Regency_capitals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Regency capitals</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Regency_capitals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Demographics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ethnic_groups" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ethnic_groups"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Ethnic groups</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ethnic_groups-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Languages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Languages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Languages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Languages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Religion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Weapons" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Weapons"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Weapons</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Weapons-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Traditional_housing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Traditional_housing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Traditional housing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Traditional_housing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Clothing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Clothing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>Clothing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Clothing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Islamic_architecture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Islamic_architecture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.4</span> <span>Islamic architecture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Islamic_architecture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pencak_silat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pencak_silat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.5</span> <span>Pencak silat</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pencak_silat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Transport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tourism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tourism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Tourism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tourism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cuisine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cuisine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Cuisine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cuisine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Sports</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Sports-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Sports subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Football" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Football"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.1</span> <span>Football</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Football-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Motorsports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Motorsports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.2</span> <span>Motorsports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Motorsports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Banten</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 72 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-72" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">72 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banten" title="Banten – Acehnese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Banten" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehnese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banten" title="Banten – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Banten" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%86" title="بنتن – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بنتن" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banten" title="Banten – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Banten" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%86" title="بانتن – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="بانتن" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banten" title="Banten – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Banten" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bantan" title="Bantan – Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Bantan" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banten_S%C3%A9ng" title="Banten Séng – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Banten Séng" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banten" title="Banten – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Banten" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Бантэн – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Бантэн" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Бантен – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Бантен" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banten" title="Banten – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Banten" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banten_(lalawigan_sa_Indonesya)" title="Banten (lalawigan sa Indonesya) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Banten (lalawigan sa Indonesya)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banten" title="Banten – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Banten" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banten" title="Banten – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Banten" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banten" title="Banten – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Banten" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banten" title="Banten – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Banten" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provincia_de_Bant%C3%A9n" title="Provincia de Bantén – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Provincia de Bantén" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provinco_Banteno" title="Provinco Banteno – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Provinco Banteno" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banten" title="Banten – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Banten" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%86" title="بانتن – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بانتن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banten_(province)" title="Banten (province) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Banten (province)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banten" title="Banten – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Banten" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B0%98%ED%85%90%EC%A3%BC" title="반텐주 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="반텐주" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8" title="बांतेन – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="बांतेन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banten" title="Banten – Gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Banten" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="Gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banten" title="Banten – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Banten" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banten" title="Banten – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Banten" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banten" title="Banten – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Banten" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%9F" title="בנטן – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="בנטן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banten" title="Banten – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Banten" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banten" title="Banten – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Banten" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ბანტენი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ბანტენი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bantena" title="Bantena – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Bantena" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bantenas" title="Bantenas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Bantenas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banten" title="Banten – Madurese" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Banten" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="Madurese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Madhurâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%BB" title="ബാന്റൻ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ബാന്റൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8" title="बांतेन – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="बांतेन" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%86" title="بانتن – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="بانتن" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banten" title="Banten – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Banten" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banten" title="Banten – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Banten" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banten" title="Banten – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Banten" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Бантен – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Бантен" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banten_(provincie)" title="Banten (provincie) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Banten (provincie)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%90%E3%83%B3%E3%83%86%E3%83%B3%E5%B7%9E" title="バンテン州 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="バンテン州" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banten_(Prowins)" title="Banten (Prowins) – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Banten (Prowins)" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banten" title="Banten – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Banten" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%86" title="صوبا بانتن – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="صوبا بانتن" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banten" title="Banten – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Banten" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bant%C3%A9m" title="Bantém – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Bantém" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Бантен – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Бантен" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banten" title="Banten – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Banten" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banten" title="Banten – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Banten" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Бантен – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Бантен" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banten" title="Banten – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Banten" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banten" title="Banten – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Banten" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banten" title="Banten – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Banten" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banten" title="Banten – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Banten" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A3%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="பண்டென் மாகாணம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பண்டென் மாகாணம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99" title="จังหวัดบันเติน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="จังหวัดบันเติน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banten" title="Banten – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Banten" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Бантен – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Бантен" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%86" title="بانتین – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="بانتین" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banten" title="Banten – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Banten" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banten" title="Banten – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Banten" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banten" title="Banten – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Banten" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%87%E4%B8%B9%E7%9C%81" title="万丹省 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="万丹省" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%90%AC%E4%B8%B9" title="萬丹 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="萬丹" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B8%87%E4%B8%B9%E7%9C%81" title="万丹省 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="万丹省" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banten" title="Banten – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Banten" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banten" title="Banten – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Banten" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banten" title="Banten – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Banten" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3540#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div 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id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Banten" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikivoyage mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Banten" hreflang="en"><span>Wikivoyage</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3540" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button 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href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Banten&params=6_30_S_106_15_E_region:ID_type:adm1st_source:GNS-enwiki"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">6°30′S</span> <span class="longitude">106°15′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">6.500°S 106.250°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-6.500; 106.250</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Banten_(province)&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Banten (province)">Banten (province)</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Province of Indonesia in western Java</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Banten_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Banten (disambiguation)">Banten (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Province in Serang</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Banten</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Indonesia" title="Provinces of Indonesia">Province</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow ib-settlement-official"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Province of Banten<br /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold"><span title="Indonesian-language text"><i lang="id">Provinsi Banten</i></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Banten.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Banten"><img alt="Coat of arms of Banten" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Coat_of_arms_of_Banten.svg/75px-Coat_of_arms_of_Banten.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Coat_of_arms_of_Banten.svg/113px-Coat_of_arms_of_Banten.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Coat_of_arms_of_Banten.svg/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_Banten.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="497" data-file-height="522" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Coat of arms</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Nickname(s): <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname"><span title="Sundanese-language text"><i lang="su">Taneuh Jawara</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Sundanese_language" title="Sundanese language">Sundanese</a>)</span> <br /> <span lang="su" style="font-family:'Noto Sans Sundanese', 'Sundanese Unicode 2013'; font-size:;">ᮒᮔᮩᮂ ᮏᮝᮛ</span> <br />Land of the Champions</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Motto(s): <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname"><span title="Indonesian-language text"><i lang="id">Iman Taqwa</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Indonesian_language" title="Indonesian language">Indonesian</a>)</span><br />(Faith and Piety)</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Banten_in_Indonesia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Banten_in_Indonesia.svg/250px-Banten_in_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Banten_in_Indonesia.svg/375px-Banten_in_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Banten_in_Indonesia.svg/500px-Banten_in_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="982" data-file-height="450" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><span class="legend nowrap"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid red;background-color:#C41E3A; color:white;"> </span> </span> <b>Banten</b> in <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend nowrap"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid silver;background-color:#FFFDD0; color:black;"> </span> </span> <b><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></b></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="text-align:center;">OpenStreetMap</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style=""><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 250px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="250" data-height="200" data-zoom="8" data-overlays="["_2a14d5ad6b7f199333930dee7686ee614867c524"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,8,a,a,250x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Banten&revid=1258805365&groups=_2a14d5ad6b7f199333930dee7686ee614867c524" width="250" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,8,a,a,250x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Banten&revid=1258805365&groups=_2a14d5ad6b7f199333930dee7686ee614867c524 2x" alt="Map" /></a></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Banten&params=6_30_S_106_15_E_region:ID_type:adm1st_source:GNS-enwiki"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">6°30′S</span> <span class="longitude">106°15′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">6.500°S 106.250°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">-6.500; 106.250</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Capital</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Serang" title="Serang">Serang</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Largest city</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tangerang" title="Tangerang">Tangerang</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">4 October 2000</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Body</th><td class="infobox-data agent">Banten Provincial Government</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Governor</th><td class="infobox-data">Al Muktabar (<i>acting</i>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Vice Governor</th><td class="infobox-data"><i>Vacant</i></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">9,352.77 km<sup>2</sup> (3,611.12 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Indonesia" title="Provinces of Indonesia">34th in Indonesia</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Highest elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"> (<a href="/wiki/Mount_Halimun" title="Mount Halimun">Mount Halimun</a>)</div></th><td class="infobox-data">1,929 m (6,329 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(mid 2023 estimate)<sup id="cite_ref-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2024_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2024-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">12,307,732</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data">5th in Indonesia</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">1,300/km<sup>2</sup> (3,400/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bantenese_people" title="Bantenese people">Bantenese</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Demographics<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Indonesia" title="Religion in Indonesia">Religion</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> (94.62%)<br /> <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a> (3.94%)<br />—<a href="/wiki/Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant">Protestant</a> (2.65%)<br />—<a href="/wiki/Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic">Catholic</a> (1.29%)<br /> <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a> (1.30%)<br /><a href="/wiki/Hindu" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindu">Hindu</a> (0.10%)<br />Aliran Kepercayaan (0.03%)<br /> <a href="/wiki/Konghucu" class="mw-redirect" title="Konghucu">Konghucu</a> (0.01%)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Indonesia" title="Languages of Indonesia">Languages</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_language" title="Indonesian language">Indonesian</a> (official)<br /><a href="/wiki/Sundanese_language" title="Sundanese language">Sundanese</a> (<a href="/wiki/Lingua_franca" title="Lingua franca">lingua franca</a>)<br /><a href="/wiki/Javanese_language" title="Javanese language">Javanese</a> (minor areas)<br /><a href="/wiki/Betawi_language" title="Betawi language">Betawi</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B7" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+7">UTC+7</a> (<a href="/wiki/Time_in_Indonesia" title="Time in Indonesia">Indonesia Western Time</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">ISO 3166 code</a></th><td class="infobox-data nickname">ID-BT</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">GDP</a> (nominal)</th><td class="infobox-data">2022<sup id="cite_ref-bpsdata2022_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bpsdata2022-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> - Total</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_rupiah" title="Indonesian rupiah">Rp</a> 747.3 trillion (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Indonesian_provinces_by_GDP" title="List of Indonesian provinces by GDP">8th</a>)<br /><a href="/wiki/USD" class="mw-redirect" title="USD">US$</a> 50.3 billion<br /><a href="/wiki/Int$" class="mw-redirect" title="Int$">Int$</a> 157.0 billion (<a href="/wiki/Purchasing_power_parity" title="Purchasing power parity">PPP</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> - Per capita</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_rupiah" title="Indonesian rupiah">Rp</a> 61.00 million (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Indonesian_provinces_by_GRP_per_capita" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Indonesian provinces by GRP per capita">15th</a>)<br /><a href="/wiki/USD" class="mw-redirect" title="USD">US$</a> 4,107<br /><a href="/wiki/Int$" class="mw-redirect" title="Int$">Int$</a> 12,817 (<a href="/wiki/Purchasing_power_parity" title="Purchasing power parity">PPP</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> - Growth</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 5.03%<sup id="cite_ref-bappenas2022_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bappenas2022-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Human_Development_Index" title="Human Development Index">HDI</a> (2024)</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/11px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/17px-Increase2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/22px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.764<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Indonesian_provinces_by_Human_Development_Index" title="List of Indonesian provinces by Human Development Index">7th</a>) – <span style="color:#090">high</span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bantenprov.go.id">bantenprov<wbr />.go<wbr />.id</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Banten</b> (<a href="/wiki/Indonesian_language" title="Indonesian language">Indonesian</a>: <i lang="id">Banten</i>, <a href="/wiki/Sundanese_language" title="Sundanese language">Sundanese</a>: <span lang="su"><span lang="su" style="font-family:'Noto Sans Sundanese', 'Sundanese Unicode 2013'; font-size:;">ᮘᮔ᮪ᮒᮨᮔ᮪</span></span>, <small>romanized: </small><span title="Sundanese-language romanization"><i lang="su-Latn">Banten</i></span>) is the westernmost <a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Indonesia" title="Provinces of Indonesia">province</a> on the island of <a href="/wiki/Java" title="Java">Java</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>. Its capital city is <a href="/wiki/Serang" title="Serang">Serang</a> and its largest city is <a href="/wiki/Tangerang" title="Tangerang">Tangerang</a>. The province borders <a href="/wiki/West_Java" title="West Java">West Java</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Special_Capital_Region_of_Batavia" class="mw-redirect" title="Special Capital Region of Batavia">Special Capital Region of Jakarta</a> on the east, the <a href="/wiki/Java_Sea" title="Java Sea">Java Sea</a> on the north, the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean" title="Indian Ocean">Indian Ocean</a> on the south, and the <a href="/wiki/Sunda_Strait" title="Sunda Strait">Sunda Strait</a> (which separates Java from the neighbouring island of <a href="/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra">Sumatra</a>) on the west and shares a maritime border with <a href="/wiki/Lampung" title="Lampung">Lampung</a> to the west. The province covers an area of 9,352.77 km<sup>2</sup> (3,611.12 sq mi). It had a population of over 11.9 million in the <a href="/wiki/2020_Indonesian_census" title="2020 Indonesian census">2020 census</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2021_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2021-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> up from about 10.6 million in <a href="/wiki/2010_Indonesian_census" title="2010 Indonesian census">2010</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Biro_Pusat_Statistik_2011_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Biro_Pusat_Statistik_2011-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The estimated mid-2023 population was 12.308 million.<sup id="cite_ref-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2024_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2024-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Formerly part of the province of <a href="/wiki/West_Java" title="West Java">West Java</a>, Banten was split off to become a province on 17 October 2000. </p><p>The northern half (particularly the eastern areas near Jakarta and the Java Sea coast) has recently experienced rapid rises in population and <a href="/wiki/Urbanization_in_Indonesia" title="Urbanization in Indonesia">urbanization</a>, and the southern half (especially the region facing the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean" title="Indian Ocean">Indian Ocean</a>) has a more traditional character but an equally fast-rising population. </p><p>Present-day Banten was part of the Sundanese <a href="/wiki/Tarumanagara" title="Tarumanagara">Tarumanagara kingdom</a> from the fourth to the seventh centuries AD. After the fall of Tarumanegara, it was controlled by <a href="/wiki/Hindus" title="Hindus">Hindu</a>-<a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhist</a> kingdoms such as the <a href="/wiki/Srivijaya" title="Srivijaya">Srivijaya</a> Empire and the <a href="/wiki/Sunda_Kingdom" title="Sunda Kingdom">Sunda Kingdom</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Spread_of_Islam_in_Indonesia" title="Spread of Islam in Indonesia">spread of Islam</a> in the region began in the 15th century; by the late 16th century, <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> had replaced Hinduism and Buddhism as the dominant religion in the province, with the establishment of the <a href="/wiki/Banten_Sultanate" title="Banten Sultanate">Banten Sultanate</a>. European traders began arriving in the region – first the <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_people" title="Portuguese people">Portuguese</a>, followed by the <a href="/wiki/British_people" title="British people">British</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Dutch_people" title="Dutch people">Dutch</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Dutch_East_India_Company" title="Dutch East India Company">Dutch East India Company</a> (VOC) finally controlled the regional economy, gradually weakening the Banten Sultanate. On 22 November 1808, Dutch <a href="/wiki/Governor-general_of_the_Dutch_East_Indies" title="Governor-general of the Dutch East Indies">Governor-General</a> <a href="/wiki/Herman_Willem_Daendels" title="Herman Willem Daendels">Herman Willem Daendels</a> declared that the Sultanate of Banten had been absorbed into the <a href="/wiki/Dutch_East_Indies" title="Dutch East Indies">Dutch East Indies</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This began the <a href="/wiki/Bantam_Residency" title="Bantam Residency">Bantam Residency</a>, 150 years of direct Dutch rule. In March 1942, the <a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Japan" title="Empire of Japan">Japanese</a> invaded the Indies and <a href="/wiki/Japanese_occupation_of_the_Dutch_East_Indies" title="Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies">occupied the region</a> for three years before their August 1945 <a href="/wiki/Surrender_of_Japan" title="Surrender of Japan">surrender</a>. The region was returned to Dutch control for the next five years before the Dutch left and it was ruled by the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Indonesia" title="Government of Indonesia">Indonesian government</a>. Banten became part of the province of West Java, but separatist efforts led to the creation of the separate province of Banten in 2000.<sup id="cite_ref-Britannica2_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Britannica2-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Banten&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The name "Banten" has several possible origins. The first is from the <a href="/wiki/Sundanese_language" title="Sundanese language">Sundanese</a> phrase <i>katiban inten,</i> which means "struck down by diamonds". The phrase comes from the history of the <a href="/wiki/Bantenese_people" title="Bantenese people">Bantenese people</a>, who were <a href="/wiki/Animism" title="Animism">animists</a> before adopting <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a>. After <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> began to spread in Banten, the community began to recognize and embrace Islam. The spread of Islam in Banten is described as being "struck down by diamonds".<sup id="cite_ref-:0_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Another origin story is that the <a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Indonesia" title="Hinduism in Indonesia">Indonesian Hindu</a> god <a href="/wiki/Batara_Guru" title="Batara Guru">Batara Guru</a> traveled from east to west, arriving at Surasowan (present-day <a href="/wiki/Serang" title="Serang">Serang</a>). When he arrived, Batara Guru sat on a stone which became known as <i>watu gilang</i>. The stone glowed, and was presented to the king of Surasowan. Surasowan was reportedly surrounded by a clear, star-like river, and was described as a ring covered with diamonds (<a href="/wiki/Sundanese_language" title="Sundanese language">Sundanese</a>: <i>ban inten</i>). This evolved into "banten".<sup id="cite_ref-:0_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Another possibility is that "Banten" comes from the <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_language" title="Indonesian language">Indonesian</a> word <i>bantahan</i> (rebuttal), because the local Bantenese people resisted the <a href="/wiki/Dutch_East_Indies" title="Dutch East Indies">Dutch colonial government</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The word "Banten" appeared before the establishment of the <a href="/wiki/Banten_Sultanate" title="Banten Sultanate">Banten Sultanate</a> as the <a href="/wiki/Ci_Banten" title="Ci Banten">name of a river</a>. The high plains on its banks were called <i>Cibanten Girang</i>, shortened to <i>Banten Girang</i> (Upper Banten). Based on research in Banten Girang, the area has been settled since the 11th and 12th centuries.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the 16th century, the region developed rapidly towards Serang and the northern coast. The coastal area later became the Sultanate of Banten, founded by <a href="/wiki/Sunan_Gunungjati" title="Sunan Gunungjati">Sunan Gunung Jati</a>, which controlled almost all of the former <a href="/wiki/Sunda_Kingdom" title="Sunda Kingdom">Sunda Kingdom</a> in West Java. <a href="/wiki/Sunda_Kelapa" title="Sunda Kelapa">Sunda Kelapa</a> (<a href="/wiki/Batavia,_Dutch_East_Indies" title="Batavia, Dutch East Indies">Batavia</a>) was captured by the Dutch, and <a href="/wiki/Cirebon" title="Cirebon">Cirebon</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Parahyangan" title="Parahyangan">Parahiyangan</a> region were captured by the <a href="/wiki/Mataram_Sultanate" title="Mataram Sultanate">Mataram Sultanate</a>. The Banten Sultanate was later converted into a <a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_the_Dutch_East_Indies" title="Administrative divisions of the Dutch East Indies">residency</a> by the Dutch.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Banten&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_history">Early history<span class="anchor" id="Pre-colonial_era"></span></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Banten&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Early history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bird%E2%80%99s-eye_View_of_the_City_of_Bantam_de_Bry.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Bird%E2%80%99s-eye_View_of_the_City_of_Bantam_de_Bry.jpg/300px-Bird%E2%80%99s-eye_View_of_the_City_of_Bantam_de_Bry.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Bird%E2%80%99s-eye_View_of_the_City_of_Bantam_de_Bry.jpg/450px-Bird%E2%80%99s-eye_View_of_the_City_of_Bantam_de_Bry.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Bird%E2%80%99s-eye_View_of_the_City_of_Bantam_de_Bry.jpg/600px-Bird%E2%80%99s-eye_View_of_the_City_of_Bantam_de_Bry.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1837" data-file-height="1149" /></a><figcaption>Bird's-eye view of the town of <a href="/wiki/Banten_(town)" title="Banten (town)">Banten</a> in 1599</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Maulana_Hasanuddin_of_Banten.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Maulana_Hasanuddin_of_Banten.jpg/170px-Maulana_Hasanuddin_of_Banten.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Maulana_Hasanuddin_of_Banten.jpg/255px-Maulana_Hasanuddin_of_Banten.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Maulana_Hasanuddin_of_Banten.jpg/340px-Maulana_Hasanuddin_of_Banten.jpg 2x" data-file-width="367" data-file-height="489" /></a><figcaption>With his father, <a href="/wiki/Sunan_Gunungjati" title="Sunan Gunungjati">Sunan Gunungjati</a>, Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin founded the <a href="/wiki/Banten_Sultanate" title="Banten Sultanate">Sultanate of Banten</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>During the fifth century, Banten was part of the kingdom of <a href="/wiki/Tarumanagara" title="Tarumanagara">Tarumanagara</a>. The fourth-century <a href="/wiki/Cidanghiang_inscription" title="Cidanghiang inscription">Lebak inscription</a>, discovered in 1947 in a lowland village on the Cidanghiyang River in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Munjul,_Pandeglang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Munjul, Pandeglang (page does not exist)">Munjul, Pandeglang</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Munjul,_Pandeglang" class="extiw" title="id:Munjul, Pandeglang">id</a>]</span>, contains two lines of <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a> poetry in the <a href="/wiki/Pallawa_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Pallawa script">Pallawa script</a><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which describes life in the kingdom under the reign of <a href="/wiki/Purnawarman" title="Purnawarman">Purnawarman</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Soekmono_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Soekmono-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The kingdom collapsed after an attack by <a href="/wiki/Srivijaya" title="Srivijaya">Srivijaya</a>, and western Java became part of the <a href="/wiki/Sunda_Kingdom" title="Sunda Kingdom">Sunda Kingdom</a>. In the Chinese <i><a href="/wiki/Chu-fan-chi" class="mw-redirect" title="Chu-fan-chi">Chu-fan-chi</a></i>, written around 1225, <a href="/wiki/Chou_Ju-kua" class="mw-redirect" title="Chou Ju-kua">Chou Ju-kua</a> wrote that Srivijaya ruled Sumatra, the Malay peninsula, and western Java during the early 13th century. <i>Chu-fan-chi</i> identified the port of Sunda as strategic and thriving, with <a href="/wiki/Black_pepper" title="Black pepper">pepper</a> from Sunda among the highest quality. The population were made up of farmers, and their houses were built on wooden poles (<i>rumah panggung</i>). Robbery, however, was common.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to Portuguese explorer <a href="/wiki/Tome_Pires" class="mw-redirect" title="Tome Pires">Tome Pires</a>, Bantam (<a href="/wiki/Banten_(town)" title="Banten (town)">Banten</a>) was an important early-16th-century port in the Kingdom of Sunda along with the ports of <a href="/wiki/Pontang" title="Pontang">Pontang</a>, Cheguide (Cigede), Tangaram (<a href="/wiki/Tangerang" title="Tangerang">Tangerang</a>), Calapa (<a href="/wiki/Sunda_Kelapa" title="Sunda Kelapa">Sunda Kelapa</a>) and Chimanuk (on the <a href="/wiki/Manuk_River" title="Manuk River">Cimanuk river</a> estuary).<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1527, as the Portuguese fleet arrived off the coast, newly-converted <a href="/wiki/Javanese_people" title="Javanese people">Javanese</a> <a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Indonesia" title="Islam in Indonesia">Muslims</a> under <a href="/wiki/Sunan_Gunungjati" title="Sunan Gunungjati">Sunan Gunungjati</a> captured the port of Banten and the surrounding area from the Sundanese and established the <a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Banten" class="mw-redirect" title="Sultanate of Banten">Sultanate of Banten</a>. According to Portuguese historian <a href="/wiki/Jo%C3%A3o_de_Barros" title="João de Barros">João de Barros</a>, <a href="/wiki/Old_Banten" title="Old Banten">Banten</a> was the center of the sultanate and a major <a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asia" title="Southeast Asia">Southeast Asian</a> port (rivaling <a href="/wiki/Malacca" title="Malacca">Malacca</a> and <a href="/wiki/Makassar" title="Makassar">Makassar</a>). The town of Banten was in the middle of the bay, about 3 mi (4.8 km) across. It was 850 <a href="/wiki/Fathom" title="Fathom">fathoms</a> in length. A river, navigable by <a href="/wiki/Djong_(ship)" class="mw-redirect" title="Djong (ship)">junks</a>, flowed through the center of the town; a small tributary extended to the town's edge. The present-day river is smaller, and only navigable by small boats. A fortress near the town had brick walls seven <a href="/wiki/Palm_(unit)" title="Palm (unit)">palms</a> thick. Armed, wooden defence buildings were two stories high. The town square was used for military activities and folk art, with a market in the morning. The palace was on the south side of the square. Next to the palace is a tall, flat-roofed building known as Srimanganti, which was used by the king to meet his subjects. West of the square is the <a href="/wiki/Great_Mosque_of_Banten" title="Great Mosque of Banten">Great Mosque of Banten</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Colonial_era">Colonial era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Banten&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Colonial era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Drie_krijgers_van_Bantam,_1596,_RP-P-OB-80.252.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Late-16th-century print of five warriors with weapons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Drie_krijgers_van_Bantam%2C_1596%2C_RP-P-OB-80.252.jpg/220px-Drie_krijgers_van_Bantam%2C_1596%2C_RP-P-OB-80.252.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Drie_krijgers_van_Bantam%2C_1596%2C_RP-P-OB-80.252.jpg/330px-Drie_krijgers_van_Bantam%2C_1596%2C_RP-P-OB-80.252.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Drie_krijgers_van_Bantam%2C_1596%2C_RP-P-OB-80.252.jpg/440px-Drie_krijgers_van_Bantam%2C_1596%2C_RP-P-OB-80.252.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6142" data-file-height="4730" /></a><figcaption>Warriors of Banten in 1596</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Herman_Willem_Daendels.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Formal painting of Herman Willem Daendels" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Herman_Willem_Daendels.png/170px-Herman_Willem_Daendels.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="206" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Herman_Willem_Daendels.png/255px-Herman_Willem_Daendels.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Herman_Willem_Daendels.png/340px-Herman_Willem_Daendels.png 2x" data-file-width="1318" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption>In 1808, Dutch <a href="/wiki/Governor-general_of_the_Dutch_East_Indies" title="Governor-general of the Dutch East Indies">Governor-general</a> <a href="/wiki/Herman_Willem_Daendels" title="Herman Willem Daendels">Herman Willem Daendels</a> ordered the annexation of the <a href="/wiki/Banten_Sultanate" title="Banten Sultanate">Banten Sultanate</a>. This marked the end of the four-century-old sultanate and the beginning of 150 years of <a href="/wiki/Dutch_East_Indies" title="Dutch East Indies">Dutch rule</a> in the region.</figcaption></figure> <p>When the Dutch arrived in Indonesia, the Portuguese had long been in Banten. The English established a <a href="/wiki/Factory_(trading_post)" title="Factory (trading post)">factory</a> in Banten, followed by the Dutch. The French and the Danish also came to trade in Banten. In the competition among European traders, the Dutch emerged victorious. The Portuguese left Banten in 1601 after their fleet was destroyed by the Dutch off the coast during the <a href="/wiki/Dutch%E2%80%93Portuguese_War" title="Dutch–Portuguese War">Dutch–Portuguese War</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 16th century, Chinese junk ships regularly traded with Jambi, Patani, Siam and Cambodia.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Local Muslim women who dealt in the cloth trade willingly married Han Chinese men in Palembang and Jambi and also local Muslim women in Banten married Han Chinese men. The Han Chinese men usually converted to Islam to please their Muslim wives. <sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although the Dutch won the war, they preserved the <a href="/wiki/Banten_Sultanate" title="Banten Sultanate">Banten Sultanate</a>. The maritime sultanate relied on trade, and the pepper monopoly in <a href="/wiki/Lampung" title="Lampung">Lampung</a> made the Banten authorities intermediaries. The sultanate grew rapidly, becoming a commercial center.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As sea trade increased throughout the archipelago, Banten became a multi-ethnic region. Assisted by the British, Danish and Chinese, Banten traded with <a href="/wiki/Persia" class="mw-redirect" title="Persia">Persia</a>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>, <a href="/wiki/Siam" class="mw-redirect" title="Siam">Siam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">the Philippines</a>, <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> and <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The reign of Sultan <a href="/wiki/Ageng_Tirtayasa_of_Banten" title="Ageng Tirtayasa of Banten">Ageng Tirtayasa</a> was the sultanate's height.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Under his reign, Banten had one of the strongest navies in the region, built to European standards with help from European shipbuilders and attracted Europeans to the sultanate.<sup id="cite_ref-Ambary_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ambary-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> To secure its shipping lanes, Banten sent its fleet to <a href="/wiki/Sukadana" title="Sukadana">Sukadana</a> (the present-day <a href="/wiki/Ketapang_Regency" title="Ketapang Regency">Ketapang Regency</a> in <a href="/wiki/West_Kalimantan" title="West Kalimantan">West Kalimantan</a>) and conquered it in 1661.<sup id="cite_ref-Ota_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ota-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Banten also tried to escape the pressure of the <a href="/wiki/Dutch_East_India_Company" title="Dutch East India Company">Dutch East India Company</a> (VOC), which had blockaded incoming merchant ships.<sup id="cite_ref-Ambary_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ambary-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A power struggle developed around 1680 between <a href="/wiki/Ageng_Tirtayasa_of_Banten" title="Ageng Tirtayasa of Banten">Ageng Tirtayasa</a> and his son, <a href="/wiki/Abu_an-Nasr_of_Banten" title="Abu an-Nasr of Banten">Abu Nashar Abdul Qahar</a> (also known as Sultan Haji). The disagreement was exploited by the VOC, who supported Haji and causing a civil war. Strengthening his position, Haji sent two envoys to meet King <a href="/wiki/Charles_II_of_England" title="Charles II of England">Charles II of England</a> in <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> in 1682 to obtain support and weapons.<sup id="cite_ref-Titik_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Titik-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the ensuing war, Ageng withdrew from his palace to Tirtayasa (present-day <a href="/wiki/Tangerang" title="Tangerang">Tangerang</a>); on 28 December 1682, the region was seized by Haji with Dutch assistance. Ageng and his other sons, Pangeran Purbaya and Syekh Yusuf from <a href="/wiki/Makassar" title="Makassar">Makassar</a>, retreated to the southern Sunda interior. On 14 March 1683, Sultan Ageng was captured and imprisoned in <a href="/wiki/Batavia,_Dutch_East_Indies" title="Batavia, Dutch East Indies">Batavia</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The VOC continued to pursue and suppress Sultan Ageng's followers, led by Prince Purbaya and Sheikh Yusuf. On 5 May 1683, the VOC sent Lieutenant <a href="/wiki/Untung_Surapati" title="Untung Surapati">Untung Surapati</a> and his Balinese troops, joining forces led by VOC Lieutenant Johannes Maurits van Happel to subdue the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pamotan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pamotan (page does not exist)">Pamotan</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pamotan,_Rembang" class="extiw" title="id:Pamotan, Rembang">id</a>]</span> and <a href="/wiki/Dayeuhluhur" title="Dayeuhluhur">Dayeuhluhur</a> regions; on 14 December 1683, they captured Sheikh Yusuf.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Heavily outnumbered, Prince Purbaya surrendered. Surapati was ordered by Captain Johan Ruisj to pick up Purbaya and bring him to Batavia. They met with VOC forces led by Willem Kuffeler, but a dispute between them destroyed Kuffeler's forces; Surapati and his followers became fugitives from the VOC.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Banten-city-Java-1724.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Aerial view of the town of Banten" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Banten-city-Java-1724.jpg/220px-Banten-city-Java-1724.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Banten-city-Java-1724.jpg/330px-Banten-city-Java-1724.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Banten-city-Java-1724.jpg/440px-Banten-city-Java-1724.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="618" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Valentijn" class="mw-redirect" title="François Valentijn">François Valentijn</a>'s painting of Banten in 1694</figcaption></figure> <p>Lampung was given to the VOC on 12 March 1682 by Sultan Haji as compensation for the company's support, and a 22 August 1682 letter gave the VOC the province's pepper monopoly.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The sultanate also had to reimburse the VOC for losses caused by the war.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After Sultan Haji's death in 1687, the VOC's influence in the sultanate began to increase; the appointment of a new sultan required the approval of the governor-general in Batavia. Sultan Abu Fadhl Muhammad Yahya ruled for about three years before he was replaced by his brother, Pangeran Adipati (Sultan Abul Mahasin Muhammad Zainul Abidin). The civil war in Banten left instability for the next government, due to dissatisfaction with the VOC's interference in local affairs.<sup id="cite_ref-Ota_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ota-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Popular resistance peaked again at the end of the reign of Sultan Abul Fathi Muhammad Syifa Zainul Arifin. The sultan sought VOC assistance against the rebellion, and Banten became a <a href="/wiki/Vassal_state" title="Vassal state">vassal state</a> of the company in 1752.<sup id="cite_ref-Ota2_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ota2-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1808, at the peak of the <a href="/wiki/Napoleonic_Wars" title="Napoleonic Wars">Napoleonic Wars</a>, Governor-general <a href="/wiki/Herman_Willem_Daendels" title="Herman Willem Daendels">Herman Willem Daendels</a> ordered the construction of the <a href="/wiki/Great_Post_Road" title="Great Post Road">Great Post Road</a> to defend Java from British attack.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Daendels ordered the sultan of Banten to move his capital to <a href="/wiki/Anyer" title="Anyer">Anyer</a> and provide labor to build a port in <a href="/wiki/Ujung_Kulon_National_Park" title="Ujung Kulon National Park">Ujung Kulon</a>. The sultan defied Daendels' order, and Daendels ordered an attack on Banten and the destruction of Surosowan Palace. The sultan and his family were held in the palace before their imprisonment in Fort Speelwijk. Sultan Abul Nashar Muhammad Ishaq Zainulmutaqin was then exiled to Batavia. On 22 November 1808, Daendels announced from his <a href="/wiki/Serang" title="Serang">Serang</a> headquarters that the sultanate had been absorbed into the <a href="/wiki/Dutch_East_Indies" title="Dutch East Indies">Dutch East Indies</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The sultanate was abolished in 1813 by the British after the <a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Java_(1811)" title="Invasion of Java (1811)">invasion of Java</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> That year, Sultan Muhammad bin Muhammad Muhyiddin Zainussalihin was disarmed and forced to abdicate by <a href="/wiki/Stamford_Raffles" title="Stamford Raffles">Thomas Stamford Raffles</a>; this ended the sultanate. After the British returned Java to the Dutch in 1814 as part of the <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Dutch_Treaty_of_1814" title="Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814">Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814</a>, Banten became a <i>residentie</i> (residency) of the Dutch East Indies.<sup id="cite_ref-Britannica2_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Britannica2-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Japanese_occupation_and_independence">Japanese occupation and independence</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Banten&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Japanese occupation and independence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Aankomst_Romushas_uit_Japan_in_Nederlands-Indi%C3%AB,_Bestanddeelnr_901-9655.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A large group of young men" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Aankomst_Romushas_uit_Japan_in_Nederlands-Indi%C3%AB%2C_Bestanddeelnr_901-9655.jpg/220px-Aankomst_Romushas_uit_Japan_in_Nederlands-Indi%C3%AB%2C_Bestanddeelnr_901-9655.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Aankomst_Romushas_uit_Japan_in_Nederlands-Indi%C3%AB%2C_Bestanddeelnr_901-9655.jpg/330px-Aankomst_Romushas_uit_Japan_in_Nederlands-Indi%C3%AB%2C_Bestanddeelnr_901-9655.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Aankomst_Romushas_uit_Japan_in_Nederlands-Indi%C3%AB%2C_Bestanddeelnr_901-9655.jpg/440px-Aankomst_Romushas_uit_Japan_in_Nederlands-Indi%C3%AB%2C_Bestanddeelnr_901-9655.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3742" data-file-height="2845" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/R%C5%8Dmusha" title="Rōmusha">Rōmusha</a> after their liberation by the Dutch. Thousands of labourers died during the construction of the Saketi–Bayah railway under Japanese occupation.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Japan" title="Empire of Japan">Japan</a> <a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_the_Dutch_East_Indies" class="mw-redirect" title="Invasion of the Dutch East Indies">invaded the East Indies</a>, expelling the Dutch, and occupied Banten in March 1942. During their <a href="/wiki/Japanese_occupation_of_the_Dutch_East_Indies" title="Japanese occupation of the Dutch East Indies">three years of occupation</a>, the Japanese built the <a href="/wiki/Saketi%E2%80%93Bayah_railway" title="Saketi–Bayah railway">Saketi–Bayah railway</a> in southern <a href="/wiki/Lebak_Regency" title="Lebak Regency">Lebak</a> to transport <a href="/wiki/Brown_coal" class="mw-redirect" title="Brown coal">brown coal</a> from the Bayah mines. The project involved a workforce of about 1,000 <a href="/wiki/R%C5%8Dmusha" title="Rōmusha">rōmusha</a> (local forced labourers) and a few engineers and technicians (mainly Dutch), supervised by the Japanese.<sup id="cite_ref-Poeze2_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Poeze2-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The rōmusha working in the mines were taken from <a href="/wiki/Central_Java" title="Central Java">Central</a> and <a href="/wiki/East_Java" title="East Java">East Java</a>, the railway rōmusha were primarily from Banten. The construction took 12 million human days over 14 months.<sup id="cite_ref-Sato19942_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sato19942-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Working conditions were harsh due to food shortages, lack of medical care, and the tropical climate.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Casualties are estimated at 20,000 to 60,000, not including mine workers.<sup id="cite_ref-Poeze2_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Poeze2-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After <a href="/wiki/Surrender_of_Japan" title="Surrender of Japan">Japan surrendered</a> in August 1945, the Dutch East Indies <a href="/wiki/Proclamation_of_Indonesian_Independence" title="Proclamation of Indonesian Independence">declared independence</a> as the Republic of Indonesia. This was opposed by the returning Dutch, resulting in the <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_war_of_independence" class="mw-redirect" title="Indonesian war of independence">Indonesian war of independence</a>. During the war, Banten remained under Indonesian control. On 26 February 1948, the State of West Java (<a href="/wiki/Indonesian_language" title="Indonesian language">Indonesian</a>: <i lang="id">Negara Jawa Barat</i>, <a href="/wiki/Sundanese_language" title="Sundanese language">Sundanese</a>: <i lang="su">Negara Jawa Kulon</i>) was established; on 24 April 1948, it was renamed <a href="/wiki/State_of_Pasundan" title="State of Pasundan">Pasundan</a>. Pasundan became a <a href="/wiki/Federated_state" title="Federated state">federal state</a> of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_of_Indonesia" title="United States of Indonesia">United States of Indonesia</a> in 1949, and was incorporated into the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Indonesia_(1949%E2%80%931950)" title="Republic of Indonesia (1949–1950)">Republic of Indonesia</a> on 11 March 1950.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After Indonesian independence, Banten became part of the province of <a href="/wiki/West_Java" title="West Java">West Java</a>. Separatist sentiment led to the creation of the province of Banten in 2000.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Banten&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tanjung_Lesung_Beach.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Seashore under an orange-and-blue sky" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Tanjung_Lesung_Beach.jpg/220px-Tanjung_Lesung_Beach.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="101" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Tanjung_Lesung_Beach.jpg/330px-Tanjung_Lesung_Beach.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Tanjung_Lesung_Beach.jpg/440px-Tanjung_Lesung_Beach.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6397" data-file-height="2942" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Tanjung_Lesung" title="Tanjung Lesung">Tanjung Lesung</a> beach, <a href="/wiki/Pandeglang_Regency" title="Pandeglang Regency">Pandegelang Regency</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rhizopora_stylosa_Found_in_Mangrove_of_Cilintang,_Taman_Nasional_Ujung_Kulon,_Banten.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Trees submerged in water" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Rhizopora_stylosa_Found_in_Mangrove_of_Cilintang%2C_Taman_Nasional_Ujung_Kulon%2C_Banten.jpg/220px-Rhizopora_stylosa_Found_in_Mangrove_of_Cilintang%2C_Taman_Nasional_Ujung_Kulon%2C_Banten.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Rhizopora_stylosa_Found_in_Mangrove_of_Cilintang%2C_Taman_Nasional_Ujung_Kulon%2C_Banten.jpg/330px-Rhizopora_stylosa_Found_in_Mangrove_of_Cilintang%2C_Taman_Nasional_Ujung_Kulon%2C_Banten.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Rhizopora_stylosa_Found_in_Mangrove_of_Cilintang%2C_Taman_Nasional_Ujung_Kulon%2C_Banten.jpg/440px-Rhizopora_stylosa_Found_in_Mangrove_of_Cilintang%2C_Taman_Nasional_Ujung_Kulon%2C_Banten.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4160" data-file-height="2340" /></a><figcaption>Mangrove forest in <a href="/wiki/Ujung_Kulon_National_Park" title="Ujung Kulon National Park">Ujung Kulon National Park</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Banten lies between 5°7'50" and 7°1'11" south latitude and 105°1'11" and 106°7'12" east longitude.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The province has a land area of 9,352.77 km<sup>2</sup> (3,611.12 sq mi).<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It is near the <a href="/wiki/Sunda_Strait" title="Sunda Strait">Sunda Strait</a>'s sea lanes, which link <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> and <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a> with <a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asia" title="Southeast Asia">Southeast Asia</a>. Banten also links <a href="/wiki/Java" title="Java">Java</a> and Sumatra. The region has a number of industries; its seaports handle overflow cargo from the seaport in <a href="/wiki/Jakarta" title="Jakarta">Jakarta</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and are intended to be an alternative to the <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Singapore" title="Port of Singapore">Port of Singapore</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Its location on the western tip of Java makes Banten the gateway to Java, <a href="/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra">Sumatra</a> and the adjacent areas of Jakarta, Indonesia's capital. Bordering the <a href="/wiki/Java_Sea" title="Java Sea">Java Sea</a> on the north, the <a href="/wiki/Sunda_Strait" title="Sunda Strait">Sunda Strait</a> on the west and the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean" title="Indian Ocean">Indian Ocean</a> on the south, the province has abundant marine resources.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The land area includes some 81 offshore islands (large enough to have names) of which 50 are in Pandeglang Regency, 4 in Lebak Regency, 9 in Serang Regency, 5 in Cilegon City and 11 in Tangerang Regency. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Topography">Topography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Banten&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Topography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sawarna_Banten_Green_View.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Rugged green landscape by the sea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Sawarna_Banten_Green_View.jpg/220px-Sawarna_Banten_Green_View.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Sawarna_Banten_Green_View.jpg/330px-Sawarna_Banten_Green_View.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Sawarna_Banten_Green_View.jpg/440px-Sawarna_Banten_Green_View.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1367" /></a><figcaption>Sawarna Banten Green View, Lebak Regency</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rawa_Danau_Banten_Indonesia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Lowlands, with mountains in the background under a cloudy sky" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Rawa_Danau_Banten_Indonesia.jpg/220px-Rawa_Danau_Banten_Indonesia.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Rawa_Danau_Banten_Indonesia.jpg/330px-Rawa_Danau_Banten_Indonesia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Rawa_Danau_Banten_Indonesia.jpg/440px-Rawa_Danau_Banten_Indonesia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="722" /></a><figcaption>Rawa Danau, Serang Regency</figcaption></figure> <p>The province ranges in altitude from sea level to 2,000 m (6,600 ft). Banten is primarily lowland (below 50 metres above sea level) in <a href="/wiki/Cilegon" title="Cilegon">Cilegon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tangerang" title="Tangerang">Tangerang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pandeglang_Regency" title="Pandeglang Regency">Pandeglang Regency</a>, and most of <a href="/wiki/Serang_Regency" title="Serang Regency">Serang Regency</a>. The central <a href="/wiki/Lebak_Regency" title="Lebak Regency">Lebak</a> and Pandeglang Regencies range from 201 to 2,000 m (659 to 6,562 ft), and the eastern Lebak Regency ranges in altitude from 501 to 2,000 m (1,644 to 6,562 ft) at the summit of <a href="/wiki/Mount_Halimun" title="Mount Halimun">Mount Halimun</a>. </p><p>Banten's <a href="/wiki/Geomorphology" title="Geomorphology">geomorphology</a> generally consists of lowlands and sloping and steep hills.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The lowlands are generally in the north and south. </p><p>The sloping hills have a minimum height of 50 m (160 ft) above sea level. Mount Gede, north of Cilegon, has an altitude of 553 m (1,814 ft) above sea level; there are also hills in the southern Serang Regency, in the Mancak and Waringin Kurung Districts. The southern Pandeglang Regency is also hilly. In eastern Lebak Regency, bordering <a href="/wiki/Bogor_Regency" title="Bogor Regency">Bogor Regency</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sukabumi_Regency" title="Sukabumi Regency">Sukabumi Regency</a> in <a href="/wiki/West_Java" title="West Java">West Java</a>, most of the region consists of steep hills of old <a href="/wiki/Sedimentary_rock" title="Sedimentary rock">sedimentary rock</a> interspersed with igneous rocks such as <a href="/wiki/Granite" title="Granite">granite</a>, <a href="/wiki/Granodiorite" title="Granodiorite">granodiorite</a>, <a href="/wiki/Diorite" title="Diorite">diorite</a> and <a href="/wiki/Andesite" title="Andesite">andesite</a>. It also contains valuable <a href="/wiki/Tin" title="Tin">tin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Copper" title="Copper">copper</a> deposits.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Banten&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Banten" title="Special:EditPage/Banten">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2022</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Banten_Province_Map.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="See caption" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Banten_Province_Map.png/220px-Banten_Province_Map.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Banten_Province_Map.png/330px-Banten_Province_Map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Banten_Province_Map.png/440px-Banten_Province_Map.png 2x" data-file-width="8858" data-file-height="8858" /></a><figcaption>Administrative map of Banten</figcaption></figure> <p>Banten's climate is influenced by the <a href="/wiki/Monsoon_of_South_Asia" title="Monsoon of South Asia">South</a> and <a href="/wiki/East_Asian_Monsoon" class="mw-redirect" title="East Asian Monsoon">East Asian Monsoons</a> and the alternating <a href="/wiki/La_Ni%C3%B1a" class="mw-redirect" title="La Niña">La Niña</a> or <a href="/wiki/El_Ni%C3%B1o" class="mw-redirect" title="El Niño">El Niño</a>. During the rainy season, the weather is dominated by a west wind (from <a href="/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra">Sumatra</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean" title="Indian Ocean">Indian Ocean</a> south of the <a href="/wiki/Indian_subcontinent" title="Indian subcontinent">Indian subcontinent</a>) joined by winds from <a href="/wiki/North_Asia" title="North Asia">Northern Asia</a> crossing the <a href="/wiki/South_China_Sea" title="South China Sea">South China Sea</a>. The dry season is dominated by an east wind which gives Banten severe droughts, especially on the northern coast during El Niño. Temperatures on the coast and in the hills range from 22 to 32 °C (72 to 90 °F), and temperatures in the mountains from 400 to 1,350 m (1,310 to 4,430 ft) above sea level range from 18 to 29 °C (64 to 84 °F). </p><p>The heaviest rainfall ranges from 2,712 to 3,670 mm (106.8 to 144.5 in) during the rainy season from September to May, covering half of the western <a href="/wiki/Pandeglang_Regency" title="Pandeglang Regency">Pandeglang Regency</a>. Rainfall from 335 to 453 mm (13.2 to 17.8 in) covers half of <a href="/wiki/Tangerang_Regency" title="Tangerang Regency">Tangerang Regency</a>, the northern <a href="/wiki/Serang_Regency" title="Serang Regency">Serang Regency</a>, and the cities of <a href="/wiki/Cilegon" title="Cilegon">Cilegon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tangerang" title="Tangerang">Tangerang</a>. In the dry season (from April to December), the peak rainfall of 615 to 833 mm (24.2 to 32.8 in) covers half of the northern Serang and Tangerang Regencies and the cities of Cilegon and Tangerang. The lowest dry-season rainfall, 360 to 486 mm (14.2 to 19.1 in) from June to September, covers half of the southern Tangerang Regency and 15 percent of southeastern Serang Regency. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Government_and_administrative_divisions">Government and administrative divisions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Banten&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Government and administrative divisions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:184px;max-width:184px"><div class="trow"><div class="theader" style="text-align:center">Cities of Banten</div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:182px;max-width:182px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Serang_dan_sekitarnya_-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Aerial view of a large city" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Serang_dan_sekitarnya_-_panoramio.jpg/180px-Serang_dan_sekitarnya_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Serang_dan_sekitarnya_-_panoramio.jpg/270px-Serang_dan_sekitarnya_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Serang_dan_sekitarnya_-_panoramio.jpg/360px-Serang_dan_sekitarnya_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3688" data-file-height="2256" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">The city of <a href="/wiki/Serang" title="Serang">Serang</a> is the capital and administrative center of the province.</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:182px;max-width:182px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Merak_Harbour,_Java,_Indonesia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Open water under a blue sky" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Merak_Harbour%2C_Java%2C_Indonesia.jpg/180px-Merak_Harbour%2C_Java%2C_Indonesia.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Merak_Harbour%2C_Java%2C_Indonesia.jpg/270px-Merak_Harbour%2C_Java%2C_Indonesia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Merak_Harbour%2C_Java%2C_Indonesia.jpg/360px-Merak_Harbour%2C_Java%2C_Indonesia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Cilegon" title="Cilegon">Cilegon</a> is the westernmost city in <a href="/wiki/Java" title="Java">Java</a> and the location of the <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Merak" title="Port of Merak">Port of Merak</a>, the gateway to <a href="/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra">Sumatra</a>.</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:182px;max-width:182px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sampora,_Cisauk,_Tangerang,_Banten,_Indonesia_-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A three-lane highway" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Sampora%2C_Cisauk%2C_Tangerang%2C_Banten%2C_Indonesia_-_panoramio.jpg/180px-Sampora%2C_Cisauk%2C_Tangerang%2C_Banten%2C_Indonesia_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Sampora%2C_Cisauk%2C_Tangerang%2C_Banten%2C_Indonesia_-_panoramio.jpg/270px-Sampora%2C_Cisauk%2C_Tangerang%2C_Banten%2C_Indonesia_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Sampora%2C_Cisauk%2C_Tangerang%2C_Banten%2C_Indonesia_-_panoramio.jpg/360px-Sampora%2C_Cisauk%2C_Tangerang%2C_Banten%2C_Indonesia_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1936" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Tangerang" title="Tangerang">Tangerang</a>, a suburb of Jakarta</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:182px;max-width:182px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:South_Tangerang,_South_Tangerang_City,_Banten,_Indonesia_-_panoramio_(2).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="An arch and a palm tree near a shopping center" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/South_Tangerang%2C_South_Tangerang_City%2C_Banten%2C_Indonesia_-_panoramio_%282%29.jpg/180px-South_Tangerang%2C_South_Tangerang_City%2C_Banten%2C_Indonesia_-_panoramio_%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/South_Tangerang%2C_South_Tangerang_City%2C_Banten%2C_Indonesia_-_panoramio_%282%29.jpg/270px-South_Tangerang%2C_South_Tangerang_City%2C_Banten%2C_Indonesia_-_panoramio_%282%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/South_Tangerang%2C_South_Tangerang_City%2C_Banten%2C_Indonesia_-_panoramio_%282%29.jpg/360px-South_Tangerang%2C_South_Tangerang_City%2C_Banten%2C_Indonesia_-_panoramio_%282%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1936" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/South_Tangerang" title="South Tangerang">South Tangerang</a> is another suburb of Jakarta.</div></div></div></div></div> <p>Banten consists of four <a href="/wiki/Regencies_of_Indonesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Regencies of Indonesia">regencies</a> (<i>kabupaten</i>) and four autonomous <a href="/wiki/Cities_of_Indonesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Cities of Indonesia">cities</a> (<i>kota</i>), listed below with their populations in the 2010<sup id="cite_ref-Biro_Pusat_Statistik_2011_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Biro_Pusat_Statistik_2011-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and 2020 censuses<sup id="cite_ref-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2021_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2021-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in official mid-2023 estimates.<sup id="cite_ref-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2024_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2024-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The cities and regencies are subdivided into 155 districts (<i>kecamatan</i>) as at 2023, in turn sub-divided into 314 <a href="/wiki/Villages_of_Indonesia#Kelurahan" title="Villages of Indonesia">urban villages</a> (<i>kelurahan</i>) and 1,238 rural villages (<i>desa</i>). </p><p>Over half (54.48% in mid 2023) of the population lives in the northeast corner of the province on just 14.6% of its land area. This corner, which comprises Tangerang Regency, Tangerang City and South Tangerang City, is part of the Jakarta metropolitan area (<i><a href="/wiki/Jabodetabek" class="mw-redirect" title="Jabodetabek">Jabodetabek</a></i>). </p> <table class="sortable wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Kode<br />Wilayah </th> <th>Name of<br />City or<br />regency </th> <th>Capital </th> <th>Area <br />(km<sup>2</sup>) </th> <th>Pop'n<br />2010<br />census </th> <th>Pop'n<br />2020<br />census </th> <th>Pop'n<br />estimate<br />mid-2023 </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Human_Development_Index" title="Human Development Index">HDI</a><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 2014 <br />estimate </th></tr> <tr> <td>36.72 </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Cilegon" title="Cilegon">Cilegon</a> </td> <td align="right">162.51 </td> <td align="right">374,559 </td> <td align="right">434,896 </td> <td align="right">450,507 </td> <td>0.715 (high) </td></tr> <tr> <td>36.73 </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Serang" title="Serang">Serang</a> </td> <td align="right">266.18 </td> <td align="right">577,785 </td> <td align="right">692,101 </td> <td align="right">723,794 </td> <td>0.702 (high) </td></tr> <tr> <td>36.02 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lebak_Regency" title="Lebak Regency">Lebak Regency</a> </td> <td>Rangkasbitung </td> <td align="right">3,312.18 </td> <td align="right">1,204,095 </td> <td align="right">1,386,793 </td> <td align="right">1,433,698 </td> <td>0.616 (medium) </td></tr> <tr> <td>36.01 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pandeglang_Regency" title="Pandeglang Regency">Pandeglang Regency</a> </td> <td>Pandeglang </td> <td align="right">2,746.81 </td> <td align="right">1,149,610 </td> <td align="right">1,272,687 </td> <td align="right">1,312,766 </td> <td>0.620 (medium) </td></tr> <tr> <td>36.04 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Serang_Regency" title="Serang Regency">Serang Regency</a> </td> <td>Ciruas </td> <td align="right">1,467.35 </td> <td align="right">1,402,818 </td> <td align="right">1,622,630 </td> <td align="right">1,682,133 </td> <td>0.639 (medium) </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td colspan="2"><b>Western Banten totals<br /></b> </td> <td align="right"><i>7,955.03</i> </td> <td align="right"><i>4,708,867</i> </td> <td align="right"><i>5,409,107</i> </td> <td align="right"><i>5,602,898</i> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>36.74 </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/South_Tangerang" title="South Tangerang">South Tangerang</a> </td> <td align="right">164.85 </td> <td align="right">1,290,322 </td> <td align="right">1,354,350 </td> <td align="right">1,391,649 </td> <td>0.791 (high) </td></tr> <tr> <td>36.71 </td> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Tangerang" title="Tangerang">Tangerang</a> </td> <td align="right">164.55 </td> <td align="right">1,798,601 </td> <td align="right">1,895,486 </td> <td align="right">1,950,580 </td> <td>0.758 (high) </td></tr> <tr> <td>36.03 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tangerang_Regency" title="Tangerang Regency">Tangerang Regency</a> </td> <td>Tigaraksa </td> <td align="right">1,034.54 </td> <td align="right">2,834,376 </td> <td align="right">3,245,619 </td> <td align="right">3,362,605 </td> <td>0.695 (medium) </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td colspan="2"><b>Eastern Banten totals<br />(Greater Tangerang)</b> </td> <td align="right"><i>1,363.94</i> </td> <td align="right"><i>5,923,299</i> </td> <td align="right"><i>6,495,455</i> </td> <td align="right"><i>6,704,834</i> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td colspan="2"><b>Banten totals</b> </td> <td align="right"><i>9,318.97</i> </td> <td align="right"><i>10,632,166</i> </td> <td align="right"><i>11,904,562</i> </td> <td align="right"><i>12,307,732</i> </td> <td>0.698 (medium) </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The province comprises three of Indonesia's 84 national electoral districts to elect members to the <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_Parliament" class="mw-redirect" title="Indonesian Parliament">People's Representative Council</a>. The <b>Banten I Electoral District</b> consists of the regencies of Pandeglang and Lebak, and elects 6 members to the People's Representative Council. The <b>Banten II Electoral District</b> consists of the regency of Serang, together with the cities of Ciligon and Serang, and elects 6 members to the People's Representative Council. The <b>Banten III Electoral District</b> consists of the regency of Tangerang, together with the cities of Tangerang and South Tangerang, and elects 10 members to the People's Representative Council.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Regency_capitals">Regency capitals</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Banten&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Regency capitals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Under the Law No. 2 of 1993, Tangerang was incorporated as a city on 27 February 1993 from the Tangerang Regency, of which it had been the administrative capital. It was replaced by Cipasera. <br />Under the Law No. 15 of 1999, Cilegon was incorporated as a city on 20 April 1999 from the Serang Regency, of which it had been the administrative capital. It was replaced by Serang. <br />Under the Law No. 32 of 2007, Serang was incorporated as a city on 14 August 2007 from the Serang Regency, of which it had been the administrative capital. It was replaced by Ciruas. <br />Under the Law No. 51 of 2008, South Tangerang (formerly Cipasera) was incorporated as a city on 26 November 2008 from the Tangerang Regency, of which it had been the administrative capital. It was replaced by Tigaraksa. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Banten&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Seba_Baduy_Banten_Kota_Serang.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Young men in blue headgear walking down a city street" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Seba_Baduy_Banten_Kota_Serang.jpg/220px-Seba_Baduy_Banten_Kota_Serang.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="122" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Seba_Baduy_Banten_Kota_Serang.jpg/330px-Seba_Baduy_Banten_Kota_Serang.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Seba_Baduy_Banten_Kota_Serang.jpg/440px-Seba_Baduy_Banten_Kota_Serang.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3303" data-file-height="1829" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Baduy_people" title="Baduy people">Baduy people</a> in <a href="/wiki/Serang" title="Serang">Serang</a> during the Seba Baduy event</figcaption></figure> <p>The 2006 population of Banten was 9,351,470, with 3,370,182 children (36.04 percent), 240,742 elderly people (2.57 percent), and the remaining 5,740,546 people aged between 15 and 64. It was Indonesia's fifth-most-populous province, after <a href="/wiki/West_Java" title="West Java">West Java</a>, <a href="/wiki/East_Java" title="East Java">East Java</a>, <a href="/wiki/Central_Java" title="Central Java">Central Java</a> and <a href="/wiki/North_Sumatra" title="North Sumatra">North Sumatra</a>. By mid-2022, the estimated total had risen to 12,251,985.<sup id="cite_ref-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2023_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2023-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ethnic_groups">Ethnic groups</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Banten&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Ethnic groups"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cina_Benteng_wedding.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Several couples dressed in red, black and green" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Cina_Benteng_wedding.jpg/220px-Cina_Benteng_wedding.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Cina_Benteng_wedding.jpg/330px-Cina_Benteng_wedding.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Cina_Benteng_wedding.jpg/440px-Cina_Benteng_wedding.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Mass <a href="/wiki/Benteng_people" title="Benteng people">Benteng</a> wedding ceremony</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Bantenese_people" title="Bantenese people">Bantenese people</a> are the largest group in the province, forming 47% of the total population. They mostly inhabit the central and southern part of the province. The origins of the Bantenese people; which are closely related to the <a href="/wiki/Banten_Sultanate" title="Banten Sultanate">Banten Sultanate</a>, are different from the <a href="/wiki/Cirebonese_people" title="Cirebonese people">Cirebonese people</a> whom are not part of the <a href="/wiki/Sundanese_people" title="Sundanese people">Sundanese people</a> nor the <a href="/wiki/Javanese_people" title="Javanese people">Javanese people</a> (unless it is from the result of a mixture of two major cultures, namely Sundanese and Javanese). The Bantenese people along with the <a href="/wiki/Baduy_people" title="Baduy people">Baduy people</a> (Kanekes) are essentially a subdivision of the <a href="/wiki/Sundanese_people" title="Sundanese people">Sundanese people</a> which occupies the former region of the <a href="/wiki/Banten_Sultanate" title="Banten Sultanate">Banten Sultanate</a> (region of Bantam Residency after the abolishment and annexation by the <a href="/wiki/Dutch_East_Indies" title="Dutch East Indies">Dutch East Indies</a>). Only after the formation of the <a href="/wiki/Banten_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Banten Province">Banten Province</a> did people began to regard the Bantenese as a group of people with a culture and language of their own.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Most of the north Banten population is <a href="/wiki/Javanese_people" title="Javanese people">Javanese</a>. Most of the Javanese are migrants from central and eastern Java. The <a href="/wiki/Betawi_people" title="Betawi people">Betawi people</a> live in <a href="/wiki/Greater_Jakarta" class="mw-redirect" title="Greater Jakarta">greater Jakarta</a>, including <a href="/wiki/Tangerang" title="Tangerang">Tangerang</a>. <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Indonesians" title="Chinese Indonesians">Chinese Indonesians</a> may also be found in urban areas, also primarily in the greater Jakarta area. The <a href="/wiki/Benteng_people" title="Benteng people">Benteng Chinese</a> (a subgroup of Chinese Indonesians) lives in Tangerang and the surrounding area, and are distinct from other Chinese Indonesians.<sup id="cite_ref-Lohanda_(1996)_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lohanda_(1996)-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Knorr_(2014)_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Knorr_(2014)-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Languages">Languages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Banten&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Languages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Languages_map_of_Banten.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Colour-coded map" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Languages_map_of_Banten.jpg/220px-Languages_map_of_Banten.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Languages_map_of_Banten.jpg/330px-Languages_map_of_Banten.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Languages_map_of_Banten.jpg/440px-Languages_map_of_Banten.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2374" /></a><figcaption>Linguistic map of Banten</figcaption></figure> <p>The province's dominant language is <a href="/wiki/Sundanese_language" title="Sundanese language">Sundanese</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ethnologue.com_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ethnologue.com-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ECAI_–_Pacific_Language_Mapping_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ECAI_–_Pacific_Language_Mapping-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its indigenous people speak a dialect derived from archaic Sundanese, classified as informal in modern Sundanese.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Mataram_Sultanate" title="Mataram Sultanate">Mataram Sultanate</a> tried to control West Java, including Banten; the Sultanate of Banten defended its territory except for Banten. In the mountains and most of present-day Banten, the "loma" version of the Sundanese language is dominant; this version is considered "harsh" by people from Parahyangan. <a href="/wiki/Bantenese_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Bantenese language">Bantenese</a> is commonly spoken, especially in the southern <a href="/wiki/Pandeglang_Regency" title="Pandeglang Regency">Pandeglang</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lebak_Regency" title="Lebak Regency">Lebak Regencies</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Near Serang and Cilegon, the <a href="/wiki/Javanese_language" title="Javanese language">Javanese</a> <a href="/wiki/Banyumasan_dialect" title="Banyumasan dialect">Banyumasan dialect</a> is spoken by about 500,000 people.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In northern Tangerang, <a href="/wiki/Betawi_language" title="Betawi language">Betawi</a> is spoken by Betawi immigrants. <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_language" title="Indonesian language">Indonesian</a> is also widely spoken, especially by urban migrants from other parts of Indonesia. The <a href="/wiki/Baduy_people" title="Baduy people">Baduy people</a> speak the <a href="/wiki/Baduy_language" title="Baduy language">Baduy language</a>, also an archaic form of Sundanese.<sup id="cite_ref-KSBADB_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KSBADB-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion">Religion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Banten&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Religion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rampak_bedug.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Women in yellow playing green drums" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Rampak_bedug.jpg/220px-Rampak_bedug.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Rampak_bedug.jpg/330px-Rampak_bedug.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Rampak_bedug.jpg/440px-Rampak_bedug.jpg 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>A <i>rampak bedug</i> performance at a Serang culinary festival</figcaption></figure> <p>Most residents are Muslims (94.85% of population),<sup id="cite_ref-RELIGION_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RELIGION-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the Banten Sultanate was one of the largest Islamic kingdoms on the island of <a href="/wiki/Java" title="Java">Java</a>. The province also has other ethnicities and religions, including the Benteng Chinese community in <a href="/wiki/Tangerang" title="Tangerang">Tangerang</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Baduy_people" title="Baduy people">Baduy people</a> who practice <a href="/wiki/Sunda_Wiwitan" title="Sunda Wiwitan">Sunda Wiwitan</a> in Kanekes, Leuwidamar, <a href="/wiki/Lebak_Regency" title="Lebak Regency">Lebak Regency</a>. </p><p>Based on archaeological data, early Banten society was influenced by the <a href="/wiki/Hindus" title="Hindus">Hindu</a>-<a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhist</a> <a href="/wiki/Tarumanagara" title="Tarumanagara">Tarumanagara</a>, <a href="/wiki/Srivijaya" title="Srivijaya">Sriwijaya</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sunda_Kingdom" title="Sunda Kingdom">Sunda Kingdoms</a>. According to the <i>Babad Banten</i>, <a href="/wiki/Sunan_Gunungjati" title="Sunan Gunungjati">Sunan Gunung Jati</a> and Maulana Hasanuddin spread Islam extensively in the region. <a href="/wiki/Maulana_Yusuf_of_Banten" title="Maulana Yusuf of Banten">Maulana Yusuf</a> reportedly engaged in <i><a href="/wiki/Dawah" title="Dawah">da'wah</a></i> in the interior, and conquered <a href="/wiki/Pakuan_Pajajaran" title="Pakuan Pajajaran">Pakuan Pajajaran</a>. </p><p>The sultan of Banten's genealogy reportedly traced back to <a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a>, and the <i><a href="/wiki/Ulama" title="Ulama">ulamas</a></i> were influential. <a href="/wiki/Tariqa" title="Tariqa">Tariqa</a> <a href="/wiki/Sufism" title="Sufism">Sufism</a> developed in the region. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Banten&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Selection_of_Kang_Nong_Banten_2017.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Smiling young people in a contest" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Selection_of_Kang_Nong_Banten_2017.jpg/220px-Selection_of_Kang_Nong_Banten_2017.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Selection_of_Kang_Nong_Banten_2017.jpg/330px-Selection_of_Kang_Nong_Banten_2017.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Selection_of_Kang_Nong_Banten_2017.jpg/440px-Selection_of_Kang_Nong_Banten_2017.jpg 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Selection of Kang Nong Banten in 2017. The finalists wear traditional Bantenese dress.</figcaption></figure> <p>Banten's culture is based on Hinduism, Buddhism and Islam. It includes the <a href="/wiki/Pencak_silat" title="Pencak silat">pencak silat</a> martial arts, the <a href="/wiki/Saman_(dance)" title="Saman (dance)">Saman dance</a>, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Palingtung&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palingtung (page does not exist)">Palingtung</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palingtung" class="extiw" title="id:Palingtung">id</a>]</span>. Religious sites include the <a href="/wiki/Great_Mosque_of_Banten" title="Great Mosque of Banten">Great Mosque of Banten</a> and the Keramat Panjang Tomb.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Baduy_people" title="Baduy people">Baduy people</a> live in central and southern Banten. The Inner Baduy tribes are native Sundanese who are <a href="/wiki/Anti-modernization" title="Anti-modernization">opposed to modernization</a> in dress and lifestyle, and the Outer Baduy tribes are more open to modernization. The Baduy-Rawayan tribe lives in the Kendeng Cultural Heritage Mountains, an area of 5,101.85 ha (19.70 sq mi) spanning the Kanekes area, Leuwidamar District, <a href="/wiki/Lebak_Regency" title="Lebak Regency">Lebak Regency</a>. Baduy villages are generally located on the Ciujung River in the Kendeng Mountains.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Weapons"><span class="anchor" id="Traditional_weapon"></span>Weapons</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Banten&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Weapons"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Golok" title="Golok">golok</a>, similar to a <a href="/wiki/Machete" title="Machete">machete</a>, is Banten's traditional weapon. Formerly a self-defence weapon, it is now a martial-arts tool. The Baduy people use goloks for farming and forest hunting. Other traditional weapons include the <a href="/wiki/Kujang_(weapon)" title="Kujang (weapon)">kujang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kris" title="Kris">kris</a>, spear, sledgehammer, machete, sword and bow and arrow. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Traditional_housing">Traditional housing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Banten&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Traditional housing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Traditional housing in Banten has <a href="/wiki/Thatching" title="Thatching">thatched</a> roofing, with floors made of split and pounded <a href="/wiki/Bamboo" title="Bamboo">bamboo</a>. This type of traditional house is still widely found in areas inhabited by the Kanekes and Baduy peoples. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Clothing"><span class="anchor" id="Traditional_clothes"></span>Clothing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Banten&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Clothing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bantenese men traditionally wear closed-neck shirts and trousers belted with <a href="/wiki/Batik" title="Batik">batik</a>, perhaps with a golok tucked into the belt. Bantenese women traditionally wear a <a href="/wiki/Kebaya" title="Kebaya">kebaya</a>, decorated with a hand-crafted brooch at the waist. Hair is tied into a bun, and decorated with a flower. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Islamic_architecture"><span class="anchor" id="Arts"></span>Islamic architecture</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Banten&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Islamic architecture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Three-level mosque architecture is symbolic of <a href="/wiki/Tariqa" title="Tariqa">tariqa</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Ihsan" title="Ihsan">ihsan</a></i> (beauty) and <a href="/wiki/Sharia" title="Sharia">sharia</a> (law).<sup id="cite_ref-:1_59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pencak_silat"><span class="anchor" id="Martial_arts"></span><span class="anchor" id="Pencak_Silat"></span>Pencak silat</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Banten&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Pencak silat"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Pencak_silat" title="Pencak silat">Pencak silat</a> is a group of martial arts, rooted in <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Indonesia" title="Culture of Indonesia">Indonesian culture</a>, which reportedly existed throughout the archipelago since the seventh century. It began to be recorded when it was influenced by the <i><a href="/wiki/Ulama" title="Ulama">ulamas</a></i> during the spread of Islam in the 15th century. At that time, martial arts were taught with religious studies in <i><a href="/wiki/Pesantren" title="Pesantren">pesantren</a></i> (Islamic boarding schools). Religion and pencak silat became intertwined. <a href="/wiki/Silat" title="Silat">Silat</a> evolved from folk dancing, becoming part of the region's defense against invaders. </p><p>Banten is known for its warriors, who are proficient in the martial arts.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_59-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Debus</i> (from <a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">دَبُّوس</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Arabic" title="Romanization of Arabic">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Arabic-language romanization"><i lang="ar-Latn">dabbūs</i></span>) is a Bantenese martial art which was developed during the 16th century.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transport">Transport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Banten&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Banten" title="Special:EditPage/Banten">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2022</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Banten is in western <a href="/wiki/Java" title="Java">Java</a>. In 2006, 249.246 km (155 mi) of its national roads were in good condition; 214.314 km (133 mi) were in fair condition, and 26.840 km (16.7 mi) were in poor condition. At the end of that year, 203.67 km (127 mi) of Banten's 889.01 km (552 mi) provincial road network were in good condition; 380.02 km (236 mi) were in fair condition, and 305.320 km (190 mi) were in poor condition. The province's national roads are congested; provincial roads have less traffic, and congestion is generally localized. </p><p>Rail transport is declining; 48 percent of Banten's 305.9 km (190.1 mi) rail network was operational in 2005, with an average of 22 passenger trains and 16 freight trains per day. Most lines were <a href="/wiki/Single-track_railway" title="Single-track railway">single-track</a>, and the main line was the 141.6 km (88.0 mi) <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Merak" title="Port of Merak">Merak</a>-<a href="/wiki/Tanah_Abang_railway_station" title="Tanah Abang railway station">Tanah Abang</a>, Tangerang-Duri, Cilegon-Cigading line, and <a href="/wiki/Soekarno%E2%80%93Hatta_Airport_Rail_Link" title="Soekarno–Hatta Airport Rail Link">Soekarno–Hatta Airport Rail Link</a> serving <a href="/wiki/Manggarai_railway_station" title="Manggarai railway station">Manggarai</a>-<a href="/wiki/SHIA_railway_station" title="SHIA railway station">Soetta Airport</a> along with the <a href="/wiki/Soekarno%E2%80%93Hatta_Airport_Skytrain" title="Soekarno–Hatta Airport Skytrain">Skytrain</a>. Then <a href="/wiki/Jakarta_MRT" title="Jakarta MRT">Jakarta MRT</a> Phase 3 with Balaraja to Cikarang, will be construction in 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Soekarno%E2%80%93Hatta_International_Airport" title="Soekarno–Hatta International Airport">Soekarno–Hatta International Airport</a> is Indonesia's main national airport. Other airports include the general-aviation <a href="/wiki/Pondok_Cabe_Airport" title="Pondok Cabe Airport">Pondok Cabe Airport</a> in South Tangerang, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Budiarto_Airport&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Budiarto Airport (page does not exist)">Budiarto Airport</a> in Tangerang (for training), and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gorda_Airport&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gorda Airport (page does not exist)">Gorda Airport</a> in <a href="/wiki/Serang" title="Serang">Serang</a> (used by the <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_Air_Force" title="Indonesian Air Force">Indonesian Air Force</a>). </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 203.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Soekarno-Hatta_Airport_aerial_view.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Soekarno–Hatta International Airport in Tangerang, gateway to Jakarta and Indonesia"><img alt="Aerial view of Soekarno–Hatta International Airport" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Soekarno-Hatta_Airport_aerial_view.jpg/305px-Soekarno-Hatta_Airport_aerial_view.jpg" decoding="async" width="204" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Soekarno-Hatta_Airport_aerial_view.jpg/457px-Soekarno-Hatta_Airport_aerial_view.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Soekarno-Hatta_Airport_aerial_view.jpg/610px-Soekarno-Hatta_Airport_aerial_view.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3078" data-file-height="1818" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Soekarno–Hatta International Airport in <a href="/wiki/Tangerang" title="Tangerang">Tangerang</a>, gateway to Jakarta and Indonesia</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:JR_205_Stasiun_Tangerang_(crop).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="KRL Commuterline train at the Tangerang railway station"><img alt="Red electric train at an outdoor station" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/JR_205_Stasiun_Tangerang_%28crop%29.jpg/270px-JR_205_Stasiun_Tangerang_%28crop%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/JR_205_Stasiun_Tangerang_%28crop%29.jpg/405px-JR_205_Stasiun_Tangerang_%28crop%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/JR_205_Stasiun_Tangerang_%28crop%29.jpg/540px-JR_205_Stasiun_Tangerang_%28crop%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3120" data-file-height="2080" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/KRL_Commuterline" title="KRL Commuterline">KRL Commuterline</a> train at the <a href="/wiki/Tangerang_railway_station" title="Tangerang railway station">Tangerang railway station</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ALS_Di_Poris.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bus at Poris terminal in Tangerang"><img alt="Large green bus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/ALS_Di_Poris.jpg/270px-ALS_Di_Poris.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/ALS_Di_Poris.jpg/405px-ALS_Di_Poris.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/ALS_Di_Poris.jpg/540px-ALS_Di_Poris.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4272" data-file-height="2848" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Bus at Poris terminal in Tangerang</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pelabuhan_Merak_Port_of_Merak.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="The Port of Merak has ferry service to Sumatra."><img alt="A large boat at a dock" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Pelabuhan_Merak_Port_of_Merak.JPG/240px-Pelabuhan_Merak_Port_of_Merak.JPG" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Pelabuhan_Merak_Port_of_Merak.JPG/360px-Pelabuhan_Merak_Port_of_Merak.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Pelabuhan_Merak_Port_of_Merak.JPG/480px-Pelabuhan_Merak_Port_of_Merak.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2848" data-file-height="2136" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Merak" title="Port of Merak">Port of Merak</a> has ferry service to <a href="/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra">Sumatra</a>.</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Banten&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="PieChartTemplate thumb tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:202px"> <div class="mw-no-invert" style="background-color:white;margin:auto;position:relative;width:200px;height:200px;overflow:hidden;border-radius:100px;border:1px solid black;transform:scaleX(-1)rotate(-90deg)"> <div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:0; top:0; border-width:0 200px 200px 0; border-color:#800080; z-index:-1"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:100px; border-width:0.87963459888594px 99.996131140022px 0 0; border-top-color:Yellow"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:Yellow"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:0; border-width:0 78.173543519135px 100px 0; border-right-color:DodgerBlue"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;right:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 100px 0;border-color:DodgerBlue"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:68.560987717663px; border-width:0 0 31.439012282337px 94.929386950043px; border-bottom-color:Green"></div> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> <p>Banten GDP share by sector (2022)<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Green; color:white;"> </span> Agriculture (5.09%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:DodgerBlue; color:black;"> </span> Manufacturing (30.47%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:Yellow; color:black;"> </span> Other Industrial (14.58%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#800080; color:white;"> </span> Service (49.86%)</div> </div> </div></div> <p>Banten's 2006 population totaled 9,351,470, with 36.04 percent children, 2.57 percent elderly, and the remainder 15 to 64 years old. The province's 2005 Gross Regional Domestic Product (GDP) was primarily from the manufacturing industry sector (49.75 percent), followed by the trade, hotel and restaurant sector (17.13 percent), transportation and communication (8.58 percent), and agriculture (8.53 percent). Industry had 23.11 percent of jobs, followed by agriculture (21.14 percent), trade (20.84 percent) and transportation and communication (9.5 percent). The northern part of the province is more economically developed than the southern part. </p><p>It is strategically located between <a href="/wiki/Java" title="Java">Java</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra">Sumatra</a>. Most investment is in <a href="/wiki/Tangerang" title="Tangerang">Tangerang</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Tangerang" title="South Tangerang">South Tangerang</a> and the rest of the north because of their infrastructure and proximity to <a href="/wiki/Jakarta" title="Jakarta">Jakarta</a>. Infrastructure in southern Banten lags behind that of the north, and Banten's development policies have prioritised growth over equality in <a href="/wiki/Pandeglang_Regency" title="Pandeglang Regency">Pandeglang</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lebak_Regency" title="Lebak Regency">Lebak</a> regencies; investors choose areas with existing infrastructure to ensure competitiveness. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tourism">Tourism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Banten&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Tourism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Masjid_Banten_111225_0560_mer.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Two large buildings with a number of visitors" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Masjid_Banten_111225_0560_mer.JPG/220px-Masjid_Banten_111225_0560_mer.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Masjid_Banten_111225_0560_mer.JPG/330px-Masjid_Banten_111225_0560_mer.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Masjid_Banten_111225_0560_mer.JPG/440px-Masjid_Banten_111225_0560_mer.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>The Great Mosque of Banten</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ujung_Kulon_National_Park,_2014.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Ujung_Kulon_National_Park%2C_2014.jpg/220px-Ujung_Kulon_National_Park%2C_2014.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Ujung_Kulon_National_Park%2C_2014.jpg/330px-Ujung_Kulon_National_Park%2C_2014.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Ujung_Kulon_National_Park%2C_2014.jpg/440px-Ujung_Kulon_National_Park%2C_2014.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2303" data-file-height="1296" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ujung_Kulon_National_Park" title="Ujung Kulon National Park">Ujung Kulon National Park</a> in 2014</figcaption></figure><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Debus_Tari_Banteng.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A martial-arts performance with several men" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Debus_Tari_Banteng.jpg/220px-Debus_Tari_Banteng.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Debus_Tari_Banteng.jpg/330px-Debus_Tari_Banteng.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Debus_Tari_Banteng.jpg/440px-Debus_Tari_Banteng.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Bantenese_people" title="Bantenese people">Bantenese</a> men during a <i>debus</i> performance</figcaption></figure><p><a href="/wiki/Ujung_Kulon_National_Park" title="Ujung Kulon National Park">Ujung Kulon National Park</a> is a national park and nature preserve which includes the island of <a href="/wiki/Panaitan" title="Panaitan">Panaitan</a>. Its highest point is Mount Honje. Species protected in the park include the Javan rhino, deer, antelope, buffalo, several primate species, wild boar, jungle cat, sloth, and several species of birds. It can be reached via Labuan in Pandeglang Regency or by boat. The park has telecommunications networks, electricity, clean water, accommodations, information centers, travel guides, and transportation facilities. In 1991, it became a UNESCO <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">World Heritage Site</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pulau Dua, covering about 30 ha (74 acres) near Serang, is known for its ocean coral, fish and of birds. Between April and August each year, it is visited by about 40,000 birds from 60 species from Australia, Asia and Africa. Originally an island, sedimentation has joined it to mainland Java. </p><p>Tanjung Lesung Beach, in the Panimbang district of western Pandeglang Regency, covers about 150 ha (370 acres). A proposed <a href="/wiki/Special_economic_zone" title="Special economic zone">special economic zone</a> in 2012, the Tanjung Lesung SEZ became operational on 23 February 2015. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cuisine">Cuisine</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Banten&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Cuisine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jojorong.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Five banana leaves, filled with coconut milk and a sauce, on a plate" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Jojorong.jpg/220px-Jojorong.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Jojorong.jpg/330px-Jojorong.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Jojorong.jpg/440px-Jojorong.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="420" /></a><figcaption><i>Jojorong,</i> a food originating in Pandeglang. Made with rice flour, brown sugar, coconut milk and <a href="/wiki/Pandanus_amaryllifolius" title="Pandanus amaryllifolius">pandan</a> leaves, it is served in a bowl made of banana leaves.</figcaption></figure> <p><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rabeg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rabeg (page does not exist)">Rabeg</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rabeg" class="extiw" title="id:Rabeg">id</a>]</span></i> is a Bantenese food similar to goat or curried <a href="/wiki/Rawon" title="Rawon">rawon</a>. Found in <a href="/wiki/Serang_Regency" title="Serang Regency">Serang Regency</a>, it is believed to have originated in the <a href="/wiki/Arabian_Peninsula" title="Arabian Peninsula">Arabian Peninsula</a> and was brought by Arab traders during the <a href="/wiki/Spread_of_Islam_in_Indonesia" title="Spread of Islam in Indonesia">spread of Islam in Indonesia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-en.tempo.co_BantenIntr_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-en.tempo.co_BantenIntr-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other Bantenese foods include <i>nasi sumsum</i> (from Serang Regency, made of white rice and buffalo-bone marrow), mahbub, <a href="/wiki/Shark_fin_soup" title="Shark fin soup">shark fin soup</a>, <a href="/wiki/Milkfish" title="Milkfish">milkfish</a> and duck <a href="/wiki/Satay" title="Satay">satays</a>, duck soup, <a href="/wiki/Laksa" title="Laksa">laksa</a> Tangerang, <a href="/wiki/Rice_vermicelli#Indonesia" title="Rice vermicelli">rice vermicelli</a>, beef jerky and <a href="/wiki/Emping" title="Emping">emping</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sports">Sports</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Banten&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Sports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Football">Football</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Banten&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Football"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are multiple football clubs based in Banten. Each of them usually represent each one of Banten's regencies and cities. Two clubs are currently playing in <a href="/wiki/Liga_1_(Indonesia)" title="Liga 1 (Indonesia)">Liga 1</a>, <a href="/wiki/Persita_Tangerang" title="Persita Tangerang">Persita Tangerang</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dewa_United_F.C." title="Dewa United F.C.">Dewa United</a>, both play at <a href="/wiki/Indomilk_Arena" title="Indomilk Arena">Indomilk Arena</a> in <a href="/wiki/Tangerang_Regency" title="Tangerang Regency">Tangerang regency</a>. The rest are playing in the lower division of Indonesian football, namely <a href="/wiki/Persikota_Tangerang" title="Persikota Tangerang">Persikota Tangerang</a> which represented the <a href="/wiki/Tangerang" title="Tangerang">city of Tangerang</a> with its home base at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Benteng_Stadium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Benteng Stadium (page does not exist)">Benteng Stadium</a> and <a href="/wiki/Persic_Cilegon" title="Persic Cilegon">Persic Cilegon</a> based at <a href="/wiki/Krakatau_Steel_Stadium" title="Krakatau Steel Stadium">Krakatau Steel Stadium</a> in <a href="/wiki/Cilegon" title="Cilegon">Cilegon</a> playing in <a href="/wiki/Liga_3_(Indonesia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Liga 3 (Indonesia)">Liga 3</a> while <a href="/wiki/Perserang_Serang" title="Perserang Serang">Perserang Serang</a> (with its home ground at <a href="/wiki/Maulana_Yusuf_Stadium" title="Maulana Yusuf Stadium">Maulana Yusuf Stadium</a>) playing in <a href="/wiki/Liga_2_(Indonesia)" title="Liga 2 (Indonesia)">Liga 2</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Motorsports">Motorsports</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Banten&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Motorsports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2009, the <a href="/wiki/Lippo_Village_International_Formula_Circuit" title="Lippo Village International Formula Circuit">Lippo Village International Formula Circuit</a> was built in a bid to host the <a href="/wiki/A1_Grand_Prix" title="A1 Grand Prix">A1 Grand Prix</a>. The series was removed from the schedule, and the track was used for local motorsports before it was dismantled for the <a href="/wiki/Lippo_Karawaci" title="Lippo Karawaci">Lippo Village</a> expansion; the paddock area was reclaimed by <a href="/wiki/Pelita_Harapan_University" title="Pelita Harapan University">Pelita Harapan University</a>. A replacement street circuit, BSD City Grand Prix, was built in <a href="/wiki/BSD_City" title="BSD City">BSD City</a> for local motorsports. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Banten&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output 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class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2024-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2024_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2024_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2024_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2024, <i>Provinsi Banten Dalam Angka 2024</i> (Katalog-BPS 1102001.36)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220331102147/https://biropemerintahan.bantenprov.go.id/read/informasi-berkala/43/laporan-penduduk-berdasarkan-agama-provinsi-banten-semester-i-tahun-2014.html">"Laporan Penduduk Berdasarkan Agama Provinsi Banten Semester I Tahun 2014"</a>. Biro Pemerintahan Provinsi Banten. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://biropemerintahan.bantenprov.go.id/read/informasi-berkala/43/laporan-penduduk-berdasarkan-agama-provinsi-banten-semester-i-tahun-2014.html">the original</a> on 31 March 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Laporan+Penduduk+Berdasarkan+Agama+Provinsi+Banten+Semester+I+Tahun+2014&rft.pub=Biro+Pemerintahan+Provinsi+Banten&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbiropemerintahan.bantenprov.go.id%2Fread%2Finformasi-berkala%2F43%2Flaporan-penduduk-berdasarkan-agama-provinsi-banten-semester-i-tahun-2014.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABanten" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bpsdata2022-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bpsdata2022_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBadan_Pusat_Statistik2023" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Statistics_Indonesia" title="Statistics Indonesia">Badan Pusat Statistik</a> (2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bps.go.id/indicator/52/286/1/-seri-2010-produk-domestik-regional-bruto-.html">"Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (Milyar Rupiah), 2020–2022"</a> (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Badan Pusat Statistik.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Produk+Domestik+Regional+Bruto+%28Milyar+Rupiah%29%2C+2020%E2%80%932022&rft.place=Jakarta&rft.pub=Badan+Pusat+Statistik&rft.date=2023&rft.au=Badan+Pusat+Statistik&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bps.go.id%2Findicator%2F52%2F286%2F1%2F-seri-2010-produk-domestik-regional-bruto-.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABanten" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bappenas2022-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bappenas2022_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBadan_Pembangunan_Nasional2023" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_National_Development_Planning_(Indonesia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of National Development Planning (Indonesia)">Badan Pembangunan Nasional</a> (2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://simreg.bappenas.go.id/home/pemantauan/lpe">"Capaian Indikator Utama Pembangunan"</a> (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Badan Pembangunan Nasional.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Capaian+Indikator+Utama+Pembangunan&rft.place=Jakarta&rft.pub=Badan+Pembangunan+Nasional&rft.date=2023&rft.au=Badan+Pembangunan+Nasional&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsimreg.bappenas.go.id%2Fhome%2Fpemantauan%2Flpe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABanten" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bps.go.id/id/pressrelease/2024/11/15/2296/indeks-pembangunan-manusia--ipm--indonesia-tahun-2024-mencapai-75-02--meningkat-0-63-poin-atau-0-85-persen-dibandingkan-tahun-sebelumnya-yang-sebesar-74-39-.html">"Indeks Pembangunan Manusia 2024"</a> (in Indonesian). <a href="/wiki/Statistics_Indonesia" title="Statistics Indonesia">Statistics Indonesia</a>. 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Indeks+Pembangunan+Manusia+2024&rft.pub=Statistics+Indonesia&rft.date=2024&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bps.go.id%2Fid%2Fpressrelease%2F2024%2F11%2F15%2F2296%2Findeks-pembangunan-manusia--ipm--indonesia-tahun-2024-mencapai-75-02--meningkat-0-63-poin-atau-0-85-persen-dibandingkan-tahun-sebelumnya-yang-sebesar-74-39-.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABanten" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2021-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2021_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2021_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Biro_Pusat_Statistik_2011-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Biro_Pusat_Statistik_2011_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Biro_Pusat_Statistik_2011_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Biro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Ekspedisi Anjer-Panaroekan, Laporan Jurnalistik Kompas</i>. Penerbit Buku Kompas, PT Kompas Media Nusantara, Jakarta Indonesia. November 2008. pp. 1–2. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-979-709-391-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-979-709-391-4"><bdi>978-979-709-391-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ekspedisi+Anjer-Panaroekan%2C+Laporan+Jurnalistik+Kompas&rft.pages=1-2&rft.pub=Penerbit+Buku+Kompas%2C+PT+Kompas+Media+Nusantara%2C+Jakarta+Indonesia&rft.date=2008-11&rft.isbn=978-979-709-391-4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABanten" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Britannica2-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Britannica2_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Britannica2_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGorlinski" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Gorlinski, Virginia. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Banten-province-Indonesia">"Banten"</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Banten&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.aulast=Gorlinski&rft.aufirst=Virginia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fplace%2FBanten-province-Indonesia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABanten" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_10-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBanten2017" class="citation web cs1">Banten, BPCB (28 February 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kebudayaan.kemdikbud.go.id/bpcbbanten/banten-arti-kata-dan-toponimi/">"Banten, arti kata dan toponimi"</a>. <i>Balai Pelestarian Cagar Budaya Banten</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Balai+Pelestarian+Cagar+Budaya+Banten&rft.atitle=Banten%2C+arti+kata+dan+toponimi&rft.date=2017-02-28&rft.aulast=Banten&rft.aufirst=BPCB&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fkebudayaan.kemdikbud.go.id%2Fbpcbbanten%2Fbanten-arti-kata-dan-toponimi%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABanten" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Guillot, Claude, Lukman Nurhakim, Sonny Wibisono, "La principauté de Banten Girang", <i>Archipel</i>, 1995, Volume 50, No. 50, pp. 13-24.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">OV (Oudheidkundige Verslag) 1949; 1950:20</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Soekmono-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Soekmono_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSoekmono1973" class="citation book cs1">Soekmono, Raden (1973). <i>Pengantar Sejarah Kebudayaan Indonesia</i> (5th reprint ed.). Yogyakarta: Kanisius. p. 36. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9794131741" title="Special:BookSources/9794131741"><bdi>9794131741</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/884261720">884261720</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pengantar+Sejarah+Kebudayaan+Indonesia&rft.place=Yogyakarta&rft.pages=36&rft.edition=5th+reprint&rft.pub=Kanisius&rft.date=1973&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F884261720&rft.isbn=9794131741&rft.aulast=Soekmono&rft.aufirst=Raden&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABanten" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSoekmono1973" class="citation book cs1">Soekmono, Raden (1973). <i>Pengantar Sejarah Kebudayaan Indonesia</i> (5th reprint ed.). Yogyakarta: Kanisius. p. 60. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9794131741" title="Special:BookSources/9794131741"><bdi>9794131741</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/884261720">884261720</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pengantar+Sejarah+Kebudayaan+Indonesia&rft.place=Yogyakarta&rft.pages=60&rft.edition=5th+reprint&rft.pub=Kanisius&rft.date=1973&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F884261720&rft.isbn=9794131741&rft.aulast=Soekmono&rft.aufirst=Raden&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABanten" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHeuken1999" class="citation book cs1">Heuken, A. (1999). <i>Sumber-sumber asli sejarah Jakarta, Jilid I: Dokumen-dokumen sejarah Jakarta sampai dengan akhir abad ke-16</i>. Cipta Loka Caraka. p. 34.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sumber-sumber+asli+sejarah+Jakarta%2C+Jilid+I%3A+Dokumen-dokumen+sejarah+Jakarta+sampai+dengan+akhir+abad+ke-16&rft.pages=34&rft.pub=Cipta+Loka+Caraka&rft.date=1999&rft.aulast=Heuken&rft.aufirst=A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABanten" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPrakash2020" class="citation book cs1">Prakash, Om, ed. (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=BjHgDwAAQBAJ&dq=jambi+dutch+siamese+junks&pg=PT83"><i>European Commercial Expansion in Early Modern Asia</i></a>. An Expanding World: The European Impact on World History, 1450 to 1800. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-351-93871-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-351-93871-6"><bdi>978-1-351-93871-6</bdi></a>. <q>... Leur' estimate China sent out four junks to Batavia, four to Cambodia, three to Siam, one to Patani, one to Jambi, ... However, the Dutch established some control over the Chinese trade only after the destruction of Macassar in 1667 ...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=European+Commercial+Expansion+in+Early+Modern+Asia&rft.series=An+Expanding+World%3A+The+European+Impact+on+World+History%2C+1450+to+1800&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2020&rft.isbn=978-1-351-93871-6&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DBjHgDwAAQBAJ%26dq%3Djambi%2Bdutch%2Bsiamese%2Bjunks%26pg%3DPT83&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABanten" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMa2017" class="citation book cs1">Ma, Debin (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=03BQDwAAQBAJ&dq=jambi+chinese&pg=PA244"><i>Textiles in the Pacific, 1500–1900</i></a>. The Pacific World: Lands, Peoples and History of the Pacific, 1500-1900 (reprint ed.). Routledge. p. 244. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-351-89561-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-351-89561-3"><bdi>978-1-351-89561-3</bdi></a>. <q>The Chinese, on the other hand, "bought wives" when they arrived, and, as one observer noted in Banten, these women "served them until they returned to China." In Jambi and Palembang most Chinese adopted Islam and married local women, ...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Textiles+in+the+Pacific%2C+1500%E2%80%931900&rft.series=The+Pacific+World%3A+Lands%2C+Peoples+and+History+of+the+Pacific%2C+1500-1900&rft.pages=244&rft.edition=reprint&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-1-351-89561-3&rft.aulast=Ma&rft.aufirst=Debin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D03BQDwAAQBAJ%26dq%3Djambi%2Bchinese%26pg%3DPA244&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABanten" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUntoro2007" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Untoro, Heriyanti Ongkodharma (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/271724805"><i>Kapitalisme pribumi awal Kesultanan Banten, 1522-1684 : kajian arkeologi ekonomi</i></a> (in Indonesian) (1st ed.). Depok: Fakultas Ilmu Pengetahuan Budaya UI. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-979-8184-85-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-979-8184-85-7"><bdi>978-979-8184-85-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/271724805">271724805</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kapitalisme+pribumi+awal+Kesultanan+Banten%2C+1522-1684+%3A+kajian+arkeologi+ekonomi&rft.place=Depok&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Fakultas+Ilmu+Pengetahuan+Budaya+UI&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F271724805&rft.isbn=978-979-8184-85-7&rft.aulast=Untoro&rft.aufirst=Heriyanti+Ongkodharma&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F271724805&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABanten" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIshii1998" class="citation book cs1">Ishii, Yoneo (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/40418802"><i>The junk trade from Southeast Asia : translations from the Tôsen fusetsu-gaki, 1674-1723</i></a>. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/981-230-022-8" title="Special:BookSources/981-230-022-8"><bdi>981-230-022-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/40418802">40418802</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+junk+trade+from+Southeast+Asia+%3A+translations+from+the+T%C3%B4sen+fusetsu-gaki%2C+1674-1723&rft.place=Singapore&rft.pub=Institute+of+Southeast+Asian+Studies&rft.date=1998&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F40418802&rft.isbn=981-230-022-8&rft.aulast=Ishii&rft.aufirst=Yoneo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F40418802&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABanten" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nana Supriatna, <i>Sejarah</i>, PT Grafindo Media Pratama, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/979-758-601-4" title="Special:BookSources/979-758-601-4">979-758-601-4</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ambary-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ambary_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ambary_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGuillot1990" class="citation book cs1">Guillot, C. (1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/23812664"><i>The Sultanate of Banten</i></a>. Hasan Muarif Ambary, Jacques Dumarçay. Jakarta, Indonesia: Gramedia Book Pub. Division. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/979-403-922-5" title="Special:BookSources/979-403-922-5"><bdi>979-403-922-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/23812664">23812664</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Sultanate+of+Banten&rft.place=Jakarta%2C+Indonesia&rft.pub=Gramedia+Book+Pub.+Division&rft.date=1990&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F23812664&rft.isbn=979-403-922-5&rft.aulast=Guillot&rft.aufirst=C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F23812664&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABanten" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ota-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ota_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ota_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOta2003" class="citation journal cs1">Ota, Atsushi (25 June 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0026749X03003044/type/journal_article">"Banten Rebellion, 1750-1752: Factors behind the Mass Participation"</a>. <i>Modern Asian Studies</i>. <b>37</b> (3): 613–651. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0026749X03003044">10.1017/S0026749X03003044</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0026-749X">0026-749X</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Modern+Asian+Studies&rft.atitle=Banten+Rebellion%2C+1750-1752%3A+Factors+behind+the+Mass+Participation&rft.volume=37&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=613-651&rft.date=2003-06-25&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0026749X03003044&rft.issn=0026-749X&rft.aulast=Ota&rft.aufirst=Atsushi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cambridge.org%2Fcore%2Fproduct%2Fidentifier%2FS0026749X03003044%2Ftype%2Fjournal_article&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABanten" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Titik-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Titik_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPudjiastuti2007" class="citation book cs1">Pudjiastuti, Titik (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/228631545"><i>Perang, dagang, persahabatan : surat-surat Sultan Banten</i></a> (1st ed.). Jakarta: Yayasan Obor Indonesia. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-979-461-650-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-979-461-650-5"><bdi>978-979-461-650-5</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/228631545">228631545</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Perang%2C+dagang%2C+persahabatan+%3A+surat-surat+Sultan+Banten&rft.place=Jakarta&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Yayasan+Obor+Indonesia&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F228631545&rft.isbn=978-979-461-650-5&rft.aulast=Pudjiastuti&rft.aufirst=Titik&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F228631545&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABanten" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAzra2004" class="citation book cs1">Azra, Azyumardi (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/54998728"><i>The origins of Islamic reformism in Southeast Asia : networks of Malay-Indonesian and Middle Eastern 'Ulama' in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries</i></a>. Crows Nest, New South Wales: Asian Studies Association of Australia in association with Allen & Unwin. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-74114-261-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-74114-261-X"><bdi>1-74114-261-X</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/54998728">54998728</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+origins+of+Islamic+reformism+in+Southeast+Asia+%3A+networks+of+Malay-Indonesian+and+Middle+Eastern+%27Ulama%27+in+the+seventeenth+and+eighteenth+centuries&rft.place=Crows+Nest%2C+New+South+Wales&rft.pub=Asian+Studies+Association+of+Australia+in+association+with+Allen+%26+Unwin&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F54998728&rft.isbn=1-74114-261-X&rft.aulast=Azra&rft.aufirst=Azyumardi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F54998728&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABanten" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKumar1976" class="citation book cs1">Kumar, Ann (1976). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/3554749"><i>Surapati : man and legend : a study of three Babad traditions</i></a>. Leiden: E.J. Brill. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/90-04-04364-0" title="Special:BookSources/90-04-04364-0"><bdi>90-04-04364-0</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/3554749">3554749</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Surapati+%3A+man+and+legend+%3A+a+study+of+three+Babad+traditions&rft.place=Leiden&rft.pub=E.J.+Brill&rft.date=1976&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F3554749&rft.isbn=90-04-04364-0&rft.aulast=Kumar&rft.aufirst=Ann&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F3554749&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABanten" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Amir Hendarsah, <i>Cerita Kerajaan Nusantara</i>, Great! Publisher, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/602-8696-14-5" title="Special:BookSources/602-8696-14-5">602-8696-14-5</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPoesponegoro2008" class="citation book cs1">Poesponegoro, Marwati Djoened (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/435629543"><i>Sejarah nasional Indonesia</i></a> (Updated ed.). Jakarta: Balai Pustaka. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/979-407-407-1" title="Special:BookSources/979-407-407-1"><bdi>979-407-407-1</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/435629543">435629543</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sejarah+nasional+Indonesia&rft.place=Jakarta&rft.edition=Updated&rft.pub=Balai+Pustaka&rft.date=2008&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F435629543&rft.isbn=979-407-407-1&rft.aulast=Poesponegoro&rft.aufirst=Marwati+Djoened&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F435629543&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABanten" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ota2-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ota2_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOta2006" class="citation book cs1">Ota, Atsushi (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/62755670"><i>Changes of regime and social dynamics in West Java : society, state, and the outer world of Banten, 1750-1830</i></a>. Leiden: Brill. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/90-04-15091-9" title="Special:BookSources/90-04-15091-9"><bdi>90-04-15091-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/62755670">62755670</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Changes+of+regime+and+social+dynamics+in+West+Java+%3A+society%2C+state%2C+and+the+outer+world+of+Banten%2C+1750-1830&rft.place=Leiden&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F62755670&rft.isbn=90-04-15091-9&rft.aulast=Ota&rft.aufirst=Atsushi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F62755670&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABanten" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPramono2008" class="citation book cs1">Pramono, Sidik (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/298706775"><i>Ekspedisi Anjer-Panaroekan : laporan jurnalistik Kompas : 200 tahun Anjer-Panaroekan, jalan untuk perubahan. = Expeditie Anjer-Panaroekan : journalistiek verslag van Kompas</i></a>. Penerbit Buku Kompas. Jakarta: Penerbit Buku Kompas. pp. 1–2. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-979-709-391-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-979-709-391-4"><bdi>978-979-709-391-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/298706775">298706775</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ekspedisi+Anjer-Panaroekan+%3A+laporan+jurnalistik+Kompas+%3A+200+tahun+Anjer-Panaroekan%2C+jalan+untuk+perubahan.+%3D+Expeditie+Anjer-Panaroekan+%3A+journalistiek+verslag+van+Kompas&rft.place=Jakarta&rft.pages=1-2&rft.pub=Penerbit+Buku+Kompas&rft.date=2008&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F298706775&rft.isbn=978-979-709-391-4&rft.aulast=Pramono&rft.aufirst=Sidik&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F298706775&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABanten" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKartodirdjo1966" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Sartono_Kartodirdjo" title="Sartono Kartodirdjo">Kartodirdjo, Sartono</a> (1966). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://worldcat.org/oclc/652424455"><i>The peasants' revolt of Banten in 1888 : its conditions, course and sequel : a case study of social movements in Indonesia</i></a>. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-94-017-6357-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-94-017-6357-8"><bdi>978-94-017-6357-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1163/j.ctt1w76vfh">10.1163/j.ctt1w76vfh</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/652424455">652424455</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+peasants%27+revolt+of+Banten+in+1888+%3A+its+conditions%2C+course+and+sequel+%3A+a+case+study+of+social+movements+in+Indonesia.&rft.pub=Martinus+Nijhoff+Publishers&rft.date=1966&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F652424455&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F10.1163%2Fj.ctt1w76vfh%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.isbn=978-94-017-6357-8&rft.aulast=Kartodirdjo&rft.aufirst=Sartono&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fworldcat.org%2Foclc%2F652424455&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABanten" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCribbKahin2004" class="citation book cs1">Cribb, Robert; Kahin, Audrey (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/53793487"><i>Historical dictionary of Indonesia</i></a> (2nd ed.). Lanham, Maryland.: Scarecrow Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8108-4935-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-8108-4935-6"><bdi>0-8108-4935-6</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/53793487">53793487</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historical+dictionary+of+Indonesia&rft.place=Lanham%2C+Maryland.&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Scarecrow+Press&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F53793487&rft.isbn=0-8108-4935-6&rft.aulast=Cribb&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft.au=Kahin%2C+Audrey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F53793487&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABanten" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Poeze2-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Poeze2_32-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Poeze2_32-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPoeze" class="citation book cs1">Poeze, Harry A. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9wKybaY9_1gC&pg=PA152">"The Road to Hell: Construction of a Railway Line in West Java during the Japanese Occupation"</a>. In Kratoska, Paul H. (ed.). <i>Asian Labor in the Wartime Japanese Empires</i>. Armonk, New York: M.E.Sharpe. pp. 152–178. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7656-3335-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7656-3335-4"><bdi>978-0-7656-3335-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Road+to+Hell%3A+Construction+of+a+Railway+Line+in+West+Java+during+the+Japanese+Occupation&rft.btitle=Asian+Labor+in+the+Wartime+Japanese+Empires&rft.place=Armonk%2C+New+York&rft.pages=152-178&rft.pub=M.E.Sharpe&rft.isbn=978-0-7656-3335-4&rft.aulast=Poeze&rft.aufirst=Harry+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9wKybaY9_1gC%26pg%3DPA152&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABanten" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sato19942-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Sato19942_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShigeru_Sato1994" class="citation book cs1">Shigeru Sato (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=woKPV5uVxU0C&pg=PA179">"The Bayah-Saketi Railway Construction"</a>. <i>War, Nationalism and Peasants: Java Under the Japanese Occupation, 1942–1945</i>. M.E. Sharpe. pp. 179–186. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7656-3907-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7656-3907-3"><bdi>978-0-7656-3907-3</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1307467455">1307467455</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Bayah-Saketi+Railway+Construction&rft.btitle=War%2C+Nationalism+and+Peasants%3A+Java+Under+the+Japanese+Occupation%2C+1942%E2%80%931945&rft.pages=179-186&rft.pub=M.E.+Sharpe&rft.date=1994&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1307467455&rft.isbn=978-0-7656-3907-3&rft.au=Shigeru+Sato&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DwoKPV5uVxU0C%26pg%3DPA179&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABanten" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBruinde_Jager2003" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Bruin, Jan de; de Jager, Henk (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/66720099"><i>Het Indische spoor in oorlogstijd : de spoor- en tramwegmaatschappijen in Nederlands-Indië in de vuurlinie, 1873-1949</i></a> (in Dutch) (1st ed.). 's-Hertogenbosch: Uquilair. pp. 119–122. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/90-71513-46-7" title="Special:BookSources/90-71513-46-7"><bdi>90-71513-46-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/66720099">66720099</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Het+Indische+spoor+in+oorlogstijd+%3A+de+spoor-+en+tramwegmaatschappijen+in+Nederlands-Indi%C3%AB+in+de+vuurlinie%2C+1873-1949&rft.place=%27s-Hertogenbosch&rft.pages=119-122&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Uquilair&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F66720099&rft.isbn=90-71513-46-7&rft.aulast=Bruin&rft.aufirst=Jan+de&rft.au=de+Jager%2C+Henk&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F66720099&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABanten" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/id-4550.html">"United States of Indonesia"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=United+States+of+Indonesia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.crwflags.com%2Ffotw%2Fflags%2Fid-4550.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABanten" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGorlinski" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Gorlinski, Virginia. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Banten-province-Indonesia">"Banten"</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Banten&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.aulast=Gorlinski&rft.aufirst=Virginia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fplace%2FBanten-province-Indonesia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABanten" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">According to the Law of the Republic of Indonesia No. 23 (2000).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Biro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2014.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDeslatama" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Deslatama, Yandhi. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnnindonesia.com/ekonomi/20180511163459-92-297471/pemprov-banten-ajukan-enam-pelabuhan-pembantu-tanjung-priok">"Pemprov Banten Ajukan Enam Pelabuhan 'Pembantu' Tanjung Priok"</a>. <i>ekonomi</i> (in Indonesian). <a href="/wiki/Jakarta" title="Jakarta">Jakarta</a>: <a href="/wiki/CNN_Indonesia" title="CNN Indonesia">CNN Indonesia</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ekonomi&rft.atitle=Pemprov+Banten+Ajukan+Enam+Pelabuhan+%27Pembantu%27+Tanjung+Priok&rft.aulast=Deslatama&rft.aufirst=Yandhi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnnindonesia.com%2Fekonomi%2F20180511163459-92-297471%2Fpemprov-banten-ajukan-enam-pelabuhan-pembantu-tanjung-priok&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABanten" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://redaksiindonesia.com/read/banten-dan-lampung-bakal-jadi-pelabuhan-penting-internasional.html">"Banten dan Lampung Bakal Jadi Pelabuhan Penting Internasional"</a>. <i>Redaksi Indonesia | Jernih – Tajam – Mencerahkan</i>. 18 October 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Redaksi+Indonesia+%7C+Jernih+%E2%80%93+Tajam+%E2%80%93+Mencerahkan&rft.atitle=Banten+dan+Lampung+Bakal+Jadi+Pelabuhan+Penting+Internasional&rft.date=2015-10-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fredaksiindonesia.com%2Fread%2Fbanten-dan-lampung-bakal-jadi-pelabuhan-penting-internasional.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABanten" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://daerah.sindonews.com/read/1267082/174/perikanan-jadi-komoditi-andalan-provinsi-banten-1513680111">"Perikanan Jadi Komoditi Andalan Provinsi Banten"</a>. <i>SINDOnews.com</i> (in Indonesian)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=SINDOnews.com&rft.atitle=Perikanan+Jadi+Komoditi+Andalan+Provinsi+Banten&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdaerah.sindonews.com%2Fread%2F1267082%2F174%2Fperikanan-jadi-komoditi-andalan-provinsi-banten-1513680111&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABanten" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDokumen_Rencana_Pembangunan_Daerah" class="citation web cs1">Dokumen Rencana Pembangunan Daerah. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bantenprov.go.id/profil-provinsi/geografi">"Geografi – Profil Provinsi"</a>. <i>Website Resmi Pemerintah Provinsi Banten</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Website+Resmi+Pemerintah+Provinsi+Banten&rft.atitle=Geografi+%E2%80%93+Profil+Provinsi&rft.au=Dokumen+Rencana+Pembangunan+Daerah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbantenprov.go.id%2Fprofil-provinsi%2Fgeografi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABanten" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://desdm.bantenprov.go.id/read/potensi-unggulan-bahan-galian.html">"Dinas Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral Provinsi Banten | Potensi Pertambangan"</a>. <i>desdm.bantenprov.go.id</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=desdm.bantenprov.go.id&rft.atitle=Dinas+Energi+dan+Sumber+Daya+Mineral+Provinsi+Banten+%7C+Potensi+Pertambangan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdesdm.bantenprov.go.id%2Fread%2Fpotensi-unggulan-bahan-galian.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABanten" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161110235217/http://bappenas.go.id/download.php?id=8975">"Indeks-Pembangunan-Manusia-2014"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bappenas.go.id/download.php?id=8975">the original</a> on 10 November 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 February</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Indeks-Pembangunan-Manusia-2014&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbappenas.go.id%2Fdownload.php%3Fid%3D8975&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABanten" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Law No. 7/2017 (<i>UU No. 7 Tahun 2017</i>) as amended by Government Regulation in Lieu of Law No. 1/2022 and Regulation of General Elections Commission No. 6/2023.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2023-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2023_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2023, <i>Provinsi Banten Dalam Angka 2023</i> (Katalog-BPS 1102001.36)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170322014235/http://kebudayaanindonesia.net/kebudayaan/1113/suku-banten">"Suku Banten"</a>. Kebudayaan Indonesia. 26 August 2013. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kebudayaanindonesia.net/kebudayaan/1113/suku-banten">the original</a> on 22 March 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 March</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Suku+Banten&rft.pub=Kebudayaan+Indonesia&rft.date=2013-08-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkebudayaanindonesia.net%2Fkebudayaan%2F1113%2Fsuku-banten&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABanten" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lohanda_(1996)-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Lohanda_(1996)_48-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLohanda1996" class="citation book cs1">Lohanda, Mona (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xKlwAAAAMAAJ&q=cina+benteng"><i>The Kapitan Cina of Batavia, 1837–1942: A History of Chinese Establishment in Colonial Society</i></a>. Jakarta: Djambatan. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789794282571" title="Special:BookSources/9789794282571"><bdi>9789794282571</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Kapitan+Cina+of+Batavia%2C+1837%E2%80%931942%3A+A+History+of+Chinese+Establishment+in+Colonial+Society&rft.place=Jakarta&rft.pub=Djambatan&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=9789794282571&rft.aulast=Lohanda&rft.aufirst=Mona&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DxKlwAAAAMAAJ%26q%3Dcina%2Bbenteng&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABanten" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120107161059/http://15meh.blogspot.com/2009/03/sejarah-cina-benteng-di-indonesia.html">"Sejarah Cina Benteng di Indonesia !"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://15meh.blogspot.com/2009/03/sejarah-cina-benteng-di-indonesia.html">the original</a> on 7 January 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sejarah+Cina+Benteng+di+Indonesia+%21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F15meh.blogspot.com%2F2009%2F03%2Fsejarah-cina-benteng-di-indonesia.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABanten" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Knorr_(2014)-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Knorr_(2014)_50-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKnorr2014" class="citation book cs1">Knorr, Jacqueline (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1ZfiAgAAQBAJ&q=cina+benteng&pg=PA137"><i>Creole Identity in Postcolonial Indonesia</i></a>. Berghahn Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78238-269-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78238-269-0"><bdi>978-1-78238-269-0</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Creole+Identity+in+Postcolonial+Indonesia&rft.pub=Berghahn+Books&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1-78238-269-0&rft.aulast=Knorr&rft.aufirst=Jacqueline&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D1ZfiAgAAQBAJ%26q%3Dcina%2Bbenteng%26pg%3DPA137&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABanten" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ethnologue.com-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ethnologue.com_51-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ethnologue.com/show_map.asp?name=IDJ&seq=20">Language maps of Indonesia (Java and Bali)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ECAI_–_Pacific_Language_Mapping-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ECAI_–_Pacific_Language_Mapping_52-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090222203901/http://www.ecai.org/austronesiaweb/AustronesiaASP/PacificMapLeaf.asp?mapleafid=L039">"ECAI – Pacific Language Mapping"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 July</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kewarganegaraan%2C+Suku+Bangsa%2C+Agama%2C+Dan+Bahasa+Sehari-Hari+Penduduk+Indonesia&rft.pub=Badan+Pusat+Statistik&rft.date=2010&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsp2010.bps.go.id%2Ffiles%2Febook%2Fkewarganegaraan%2520penduduk%2520indonesia%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABanten" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RELIGION-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-RELIGION_58-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://satudata.kemenag.go.id/dataset/detail/jumlah-penduduk-menurut-agama">"Jumlah Penduduk Menurut Agama"</a> (in Indonesian). <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Religious_Affairs_(Indonesia)" title="Ministry of Religious Affairs (Indonesia)">Ministry of Religious Affairs</a>. 31 August 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Jumlah+Penduduk+Menurut+Agama&rft.pub=Ministry+of+Religious+Affairs&rft.date=2022-08-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsatudata.kemenag.go.id%2Fdataset%2Fdetail%2Fjumlah-penduduk-menurut-agama&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABanten" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_59-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_59-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_59-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBanten" class="citation web cs1">Banten, Website Resmi Pemerintah Provinsi. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bantenprov.go.id/profil-provinsi/kebudayaan">"Kebudayaan – Profil Provinsi"</a>. <i>Website Resmi Pemerintah Provinsi Banten</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://en.tempo.co/read/news/2015/10/03/199706077,uk.html/Banten-Introduces-Distinctive-Dish-at-Culinary-Festival">the original</a> on 15 April 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 April</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=en.tempo.co&rft.atitle=Banten+Introduces+Distinctive+Dish+at+Culinary+Festival&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fen.tempo.co%2Fread%2Fnews%2F2015%2F10%2F03%2F199706077%2Cuk.html%2FBanten-Introduces-Distinctive-Dish-at-Culinary-Festival&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABanten" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Banten&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hydra.hull.ac.uk/assets/hull:5665a/content">Dinar Boontharm. "The Sultanate of Banten AD 1750-1808: A Social and Cultural History." PhD thesis, University of Hull, 2003.</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Banten&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output 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li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has the text of the <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">1911 <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i></a> article "<span style="font-weight:bold;"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Bantam" class="extiw" title="wikisource:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Bantam">Bantam</a></span>".</div></div> </div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/80px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikivoyage has a travel guide for <i><b><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Banten#Q3540" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Banten">Banten</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jackids.com/">Sekolah dan Daycare Alam Sutera</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bantenprov.go.id/">Official website</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Indonesian)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://litbang.bantenprov.go.id/">Research and Development Agency</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181008090340/http://litbang.bantenprov.go.id/">Archived</a> 8 October 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Indonesian)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wisatabanten.my.id/">Informasi Tempat Wisata Di Banten</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Indonesian)</span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Places_adjacent_to_Banten" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Adjacent_communities" title="Template:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Adjacent_communities" title="Template talk:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Adjacent_communities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Places_adjacent_to_Banten" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Places adjacent to Banten</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><table role="presentation" style="width:100%; margin:0; text-align:center;"><tbody><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Sunda_Strait" title="Sunda Strait">Sunda Strait</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_Lampung.svg/22px-Flag_of_Lampung.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_Lampung.svg/33px-Flag_of_Lampung.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_Lampung.svg/43px-Flag_of_Lampung.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1050" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Lampung" title="Lampung">Lampung</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Java_Sea" title="Java Sea">Java Sea</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Flag_of_Jakarta_%28vectorised%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Jakarta_%28vectorised%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Flag_of_Jakarta_%28vectorised%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Jakarta_%28vectorised%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Flag_of_Jakarta_%28vectorised%29.svg/43px-Flag_of_Jakarta_%28vectorised%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1050" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Jakarta" title="Jakarta">Jakarta</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Java_Sea" title="Java Sea">Java Sea</a></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="North"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/14px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/21px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/28px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td style="width:33%"><a href="/wiki/Sunda_Strait" title="Sunda Strait">Sunda Strait</a></td> <td style="width:33%;"> <div style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span title="West"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/17px-Pfeil_links.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/25px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/34px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></span></span><b style="display:inline-block; vertical-align:middle; margin:0.75em 1em">Banten</b><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span title="East"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/17px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/25px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/34px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td style="width:33%"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_West_Java_%28vectorised%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_West_Java_%28vectorised%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_West_Java_%28vectorised%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_West_Java_%28vectorised%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_West_Java_%28vectorised%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_West_Java_%28vectorised%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/West_Java" title="West Java">West Java</a></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="South"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/14px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/21px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/28px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean" title="Indian Ocean">Indian Ocean</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean" title="Indian Ocean">Indian Ocean</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Flag_of_Christmas_Island.svg/23px-Flag_of_Christmas_Island.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Flag_of_Christmas_Island.svg/35px-Flag_of_Christmas_Island.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Flag_of_Christmas_Island.svg/46px-Flag_of_Christmas_Island.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="256" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Christmas_Island" title="Christmas Island">Christmas Island</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_West_Java_%28vectorised%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_West_Java_%28vectorised%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_West_Java_%28vectorised%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_West_Java_%28vectorised%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_West_Java_%28vectorised%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_West_Java_%28vectorised%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/West_Java" title="West Java">West Java</a></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Regencies_and_cities_of_Banten" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Banten" title="Template:Banten"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Banten" title="Template talk:Banten"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Banten" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Banten"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Regencies_and_cities_of_Banten" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Regencies and cities of <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Banten</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>Capital: <a href="/wiki/Serang" title="Serang">Serang</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Regency_(Indonesia)" title="Regency (Indonesia)">Regencies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lebak_Regency" title="Lebak Regency">Lebak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandeglang_Regency" title="Pandeglang Regency">Pandeglang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serang_Regency" title="Serang Regency">Serang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tangerang_Regency" title="Tangerang Regency">Tangerang</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Banten.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Seal of Banten"><img alt="Seal of Banten" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Coat_of_arms_of_Banten.svg/40px-Coat_of_arms_of_Banten.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="42" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Coat_of_arms_of_Banten.svg/60px-Coat_of_arms_of_Banten.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Coat_of_arms_of_Banten.svg/80px-Coat_of_arms_of_Banten.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="497" data-file-height="522" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/City_status_in_Indonesia" title="City status in Indonesia">Cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cilegon" title="Cilegon">Cilegon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serang" title="Serang">Serang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tangerang" title="Tangerang">Tangerang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Tangerang" title="South Tangerang">South Tangerang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_regencies_and_cities_of_Indonesia" class="mw-redirect" title="List of regencies and cities of Indonesia">List of regencies and cities of Indonesia</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Provinces_of_Indonesia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Provinces_of_Indonesia" title="Template:Provinces of Indonesia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Provinces_of_Indonesia" title="Template talk:Provinces of Indonesia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Provinces_of_Indonesia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Provinces of Indonesia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Provinces_of_Indonesia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Indonesia" title="Provinces of Indonesia">Provinces of Indonesia</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><a href="/wiki/Capital_of_Indonesia" title="Capital of Indonesia">Capital</a>: <a href="/wiki/Jakarta" title="Jakarta">Jakarta</a> (<i>current</i>) • <a href="/wiki/Nusantara_(city)" title="Nusantara (city)">Nusantara</a> (<i>under construction</i>)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra">Sumatra</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aceh" title="Aceh">Aceh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangka_Belitung_Islands" title="Bangka Belitung Islands">Bangka Belitung Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengkulu" title="Bengkulu">Bengkulu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jambi" title="Jambi">Jambi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lampung" title="Lampung">Lampung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Sumatra" title="North Sumatra">North Sumatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riau" title="Riau">Riau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riau_Islands" title="Riau Islands">Riau Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Sumatra" title="South Sumatra">South Sumatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Sumatra" title="West Sumatra">West Sumatra</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:National_emblem_of_Indonesia_Garuda_Pancasila.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Garuda Pancasila" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/National_emblem_of_Indonesia_Garuda_Pancasila.svg/60px-National_emblem_of_Indonesia_Garuda_Pancasila.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="64" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/National_emblem_of_Indonesia_Garuda_Pancasila.svg/90px-National_emblem_of_Indonesia_Garuda_Pancasila.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/National_emblem_of_Indonesia_Garuda_Pancasila.svg/120px-National_emblem_of_Indonesia_Garuda_Pancasila.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="550" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Java" title="Java">Java</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Banten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Java" title="Central Java">Central Java</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Java" title="East Java">East Java</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jakarta" title="Jakarta">Special Capital Region of Jakarta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Region_of_Yogyakarta" title="Special Region of Yogyakarta">Special Region of Yogyakarta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Java" title="West Java">West Java</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kalimantan" title="Kalimantan">Kalimantan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Kalimantan" title="Central Kalimantan">Central Kalimantan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Kalimantan" title="East Kalimantan">East Kalimantan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Kalimantan" title="North Kalimantan">North Kalimantan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Kalimantan" title="South Kalimantan">South Kalimantan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Kalimantan" title="West Kalimantan">West Kalimantan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lesser_Sunda_Islands" title="Lesser Sunda Islands">Lesser Sunda Islands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bali" title="Bali">Bali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Nusa_Tenggara" title="East Nusa Tenggara">East Nusa Tenggara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Nusa_Tenggara" title="West Nusa Tenggara">West Nusa Tenggara</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sulawesi" title="Sulawesi">Sulawesi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Sulawesi" title="Central Sulawesi">Central Sulawesi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorontalo" title="Gorontalo">Gorontalo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Sulawesi" title="North Sulawesi">North Sulawesi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Sulawesi" title="South Sulawesi">South Sulawesi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southeast_Sulawesi" title="Southeast Sulawesi">Southeast Sulawesi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Sulawesi" title="West Sulawesi">West Sulawesi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Maluku_Islands" title="Maluku Islands">Maluku Islands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maluku_(province)" title="Maluku (province)">Maluku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Maluku" title="North Maluku">North Maluku</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Western_New_Guinea" title="Western New Guinea">Western New Guinea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Papua" title="Central Papua">Central Papua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highland_Papua" title="Highland Papua">Highland Papua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papua_(province)" title="Papua (province)">Papua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Papua" title="South Papua">South Papua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwest_Papua" title="Southwest Papua">Southwest Papua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Papua_(province)" title="West Papua (province)">West Papua</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former provinces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special_Region_of_Surakarta" title="Special Region of Surakarta">Special Region of Surakarta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Sumatra" title="Central Sumatra">Central Sumatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Timor_(province)" title="East Timor (province)">East Timor</a> (<i>de facto</i>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><b>Lists by</b> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_current_governors_in_Indonesia" class="mw-redirect" title="List of current governors in Indonesia">Current governors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indonesian_provinces_by_GDP" title="List of Indonesian provinces by GDP">GDP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indonesian_provinces_by_GRP_per_capita" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Indonesian provinces by GRP per capita">GRP per capita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indonesian_provinces_by_Human_Development_Index" title="List of Indonesian provinces by Human Development Index">HDI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indonesian_provinces_by_highest_point" title="List of Indonesian provinces by highest point">Highest point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indonesian_provinces_by_poverty_rate" title="List of Indonesian provinces by poverty rate">Poverty rate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166-2:ID" title="ISO 3166-2:ID">ISO codes</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style 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class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3540#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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