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</li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input 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class="mw-page-title-main">Citation needed</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 53 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-53" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">53 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikip%C7%A3dia:S%C4%93%C3%B0ung_%C3%BEurfed" title="Wikipǣdia:Sēðung þurfed – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Wikipǣdia:Sēðung þurfed" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AC%D8%A9_%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%AF%D8%B1" title="ويكيبيديا:بحاجة لمصدر – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ويكيبيديا:بحاجة لمصدر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A7%B1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE:%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%83%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A7%B0_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%A8" title="ৱিকিপিডিয়া:উদ্ধৃতিৰ প্ৰয়োজন – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ৱিকিপিডিয়া:উদ্ধৃতিৰ প্ৰয়োজন" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikipediya:%C4%B0stinad_t%C9%99l%C9%99b_olunur" title="Vikipediya:İstinad tələb olunur – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Vikipediya:İstinad tələb olunur" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%BE%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%A7:%D9%82%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%82_%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%8C%D9%85" title="ویکی‌پدیا:قایناق لازیم – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ویکی‌پدیا:قایناق لازیم" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE:%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%A5%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%A8" title="উইকিপিডিয়া:তথ্যসূত্র প্রয়োজন – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="উইকিপিডিয়া:তথ্যসূত্র প্রয়োজন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE:%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A3_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80" title="विकिपीडिया:प्रमाण जरूरी – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="विकिपीडिया:प्रमाण जरूरी" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wicipedia:Angen_ffynhonnell" title="Wicipedia:Angen ffynhonnell – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Wicipedia:Angen ffynhonnell" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Wikipedia:Citation needed" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%B9%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%AF%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%B1:%CE%95%CE%BA%CE%BA%CF%81%CE%B5%CE%BC%CE%B5%CE%AF_%CF%80%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%AE" title="Βικιπαίδεια:Εκκρεμεί παραπομπή – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βικιπαίδεια:Εκκρεμεί παραπομπή" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%BE%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%A7:%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AF_%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%B9" title="ویکی‌پدیا:نیازمند منبع – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ویکی‌پدیا:نیازمند منبع" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aide:R%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence_n%C3%A9cessaire" title="Aide:Référence nécessaire – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Aide:Référence nécessaire" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:C%C3%B3mpre_referencia" title="Wikipedia:Cómpre referencia – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Wikipedia:Cómpre referencia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B5%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%A1%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%BE:Citation_needed" title="વિકિપીડિયા:Citation needed – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="વિકિપીડિયા:Citation needed" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%84%ED%82%A4%EB%B0%B1%EA%B3%BC:%EC%B6%9C%EC%B2%98_%ED%95%84%EC%9A%94" title="위키백과:출처 필요 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="위키백과:출처 필요" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE:%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%95" title="विकिपीडिया:उद्धरण आवश्यक – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="विकिपीडिया:उद्धरण आवश्यक" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Tinye_edensib%E1%BB%8Ba" title="Wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa – Igbo" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Wikipedia:Tinye edensibịa" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="Igbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Masapul_a_dakamaten" title="Wikipedia:Masapul a dakamaten – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Wikipedia:Masapul a dakamaten" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Heimildir" title="Wikipedia:Heimildir – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Wikipedia:Heimildir" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF:Citation_needed" title="ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ:Citation needed – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ:Citation needed" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%94%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%BA%D3%A9%D0%B7%D1%96_%D0%B6%D0%BE%D2%9B" title="Уикипедия:Дереккөзі жоқ – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Уикипедия:Дереккөзі жоқ" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Mancia_na_refer%C3%ABnza" title="Wikipedia:Mancia na referënza – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Wikipedia:Mancia na referënza" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%9E%E0%BA%B5%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%94%E0%BA%8D:%E0%BA%95%E0%BB%89%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%87%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%AD%E0%BB%89%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%87%E0%BA%AD%E0%BA%B5%E0%BA%87" title="ວິກິພີເດຍ:ຕ້ອງການອ້າງອີງ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ວິກິພີເດຍ:ຕ້ອງການອ້າງອີງ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Source" title="Wikipedia:Source – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Wikipedia:Source" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0:%D0%A1%D0%B5_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Википедија:Се бара извор – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Википедија:Се бара извор" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF:Citation_needed" title="വിക്കിപീഡിയ:Citation needed – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="വിക്കിപീഡിയ:Citation needed" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedija:B%C5%BConn_referenza" title="Wikipedija:Bżonn referenza – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Wikipedija:Bżonn referenza" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B2_%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%AF%D8%B1" title="ويكيبيديا:عايز مصدر – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ويكيبيديا:عايز مصدر" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mnw mw-list-item"><a href="https://mnw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9D%E1%80%B3%E1%80%80%E1%80%B3%E1%80%95%E1%80%B3%E1%80%92%E1%80%B3%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AC:Citation_needed" title="ဝဳကဳပဳဒဳယာ:Citation needed – Mon" lang="mnw" hreflang="mnw" data-title="ဝဳကဳပဳဒဳယာ:Citation needed" data-language-autonym="ဘာသာမန်" data-language-local-name="Mon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ဘာသာမန်</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9D%E1%80%AE%E1%80%80%E1%80%AE%E1%80%95%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%92%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8:%E1%80%80%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B8%E1%80%80%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8%E1%80%81%E1%80%BB%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA_%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%A1%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9E%E1%80%8A%E1%80%BA" title="ဝီကီပီးဒီးယား:ကိုးကားချက် လိုအပ်သည် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဝီကီပီးဒီးယား:ကိုးကားချက် လိုအပ်သည်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:Referentie_gewenst" title="Help:Referentie gewenst – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Help:Referentie gewenst" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:%E3%80%8C%E8%A6%81%E5%87%BA%E5%85%B8%E3%80%8D%E3%82%92%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AA%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF%E3%81%95%E3%82%8C%E3%81%9F%E6%96%B9%E3%81%B8" title="Wikipedia:「要出典」をクリックされた方へ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Wikipedia:「要出典」をクリックされた方へ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hjelp:Trenger_referanse" title="Hjelp:Trenger referanse – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Hjelp:Trenger referanse" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%89%E0%AC%87%E0%AC%95%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%AA%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%A1%E0%AC%BC%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%86:%E0%AC%AA%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%AE%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%A3_%E0%AC%A6%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%95%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%B0" title="ଉଇକିପିଡ଼ିଆ:ପ୍ରମାଣ ଦରକାର – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଉଇକିପିଡ଼ିଆ:ପ୍ରମାଣ ଦରକାର" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vikipediya:Manba_kerak" title="Vikipediya:Manba kerak – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Vikipediya:Manba kerak" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%8A%DA%A9%D9%8A%D9%BE%DB%90%DA%89%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D8%B3%D8%B1%DA%86%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%87_%D9%BE%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%87" title="ويکيپېډيا:سرچينه پکارده – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="ويکيپېډيا:سرچينه پکارده" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%82%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%97%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%8C%E1%9E%B6:%E1%9E%8F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%BC%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%A2%E1%9F%86%E1%9E%8E%E1%9F%87%E1%9E%A2%E1%9F%86%E1%9E%8E%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%84" title="វិគីភីឌា:ត្រូវការអំណះអំណាង – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="វិគីភីឌា:ត្រូវការអំណះអំណាង" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%9E_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B7%D0%B5_%D1%81%D1%81%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Википедия:О пользе ссылок – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Википедия:О пользе ссылок" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A3%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%B0%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%AD%E1%B1%9F:%E1%B1%AF%E1%B1%B7%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%B0%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%9B_%E1%B1%9E%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B9%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%9B%E1%B1%A4_%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B1%E1%B1%9F" title="ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ:ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱣᱤᱠᱤᱯᱤᱰᱤᱭᱟ:ᱯᱷᱮᱰᱟᱛ ᱞᱟᱹᱠᱛᱤ ᱠᱟᱱᱟ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needit" title="Wikipedia:Citation needit – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Wikipedia:Citation needit" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Citim_i_duhur" title="Wikipedia:Citim i duhur – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Wikipedia:Citim i duhur" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%A9%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F:%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%94_%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%85%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%81%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%92" title="විකිපීඩියා:තහවුරු කිරීමක් අවශ්‍යයි – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="විකිපීඩියා:තහවුරු කිරීමක් අවශ්‍යයි" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DA%AA%D9%8A%D9%BE%D9%8A%DA%8A%D9%8A%D8%A7:%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88_%DA%AF%DA%BE%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%84" title="وڪيپيڊيا:حوالو گھربل – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="وڪيپيڊيا:حوالو گھربل" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedija:Navedi_vir" title="Wikipedija:Navedi vir – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Wikipedija:Navedi vir" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%A7:%D8%B3%DB%95%D8%B1%DA%86%D8%A7%D9%88%DB%95_%D9%BE%DB%8E%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%95" title="ویکیپیدیا:سەرچاوە پێویستە – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ویکیپیدیا:سەرچاوە پێویستە" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE:%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%88" title="விக்கிப்பீடியா:சான்று தேவை – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="விக்கிப்பீடியா:சான்று தேவை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9D%E1%80%AE%E1%82%87%E1%81%B6%E1%80%AE%E1%82%87%E1%81%BD%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%90%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%9A%E1%82%83%E1%80%B8:Citation_needed" title="ဝီႇၶီႇၽီးတီးယႃး:Citation needed – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="ဝီႇၶီႇၽီးတီးယႃး:Citation needed" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2:%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%87" title="วิกิพีเดีย:ต้องการอ้างอิง – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="วิกิพีเดีย:ต้องการอ้างอิง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%A1%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF:Citation_needed" title="ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ:Citation needed – Tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ವಿಕಿಪೀಡಿಯ:Citation needed" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%BE%DB%8C%DA%88%DB%8C%D8%A7:%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%81_%D8%AF%D8%B1%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="ویکیپیڈیا:حوالہ درکار – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ویکیپیڈیا:حوالہ درکار" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:C%E1%BA%A7n_ch%C3%BA_th%C3%ADch" title="Wikipedia:Cần chú thích – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Wikipedia:Cần chú thích" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Kulaveka_vumbhoni" title="Wikipedia:Kulaveka vumbhoni – Tsonga" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Wikipedia:Kulaveka vumbhoni" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="Tsonga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90%E8%AF%B7%E6%B1%82" title="Wikipedia:来源请求 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="Wikipedia:来源请求" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7106262#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs 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.mbox-invalid-type{text-align:center}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ombox{margin:4px 10%}.mw-parser-output .ombox.mbox-small{clear:right;float:right;margin:4px 0 4px 1em;width:238px}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.ombox img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}</style><table class="plainlinks ombox ombox-notice" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/40px-Information_icon4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/60px-Information_icon4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/80px-Information_icon4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620"/></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div style="padding-top: 6px; padding-bottom: 5px;"><b>This is an <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Project_namespace#How-to_and_information_pages" title="Wikipedia:Project namespace">information page</a>.</b><br/><div style="font-size: 90%;">It is not an <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_is_an_article%3F" title="Wikipedia:What is an article?">encyclopedic article</a>, nor one of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Policies_and_guidelines" title="Wikipedia:Policies and guidelines">Wikipedia's policies or guidelines</a>; rather, its purpose is to explain certain aspects of <b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">Wikipedia:Verifiability</a> policy</b>. It may reflect differing levels of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Consensus" title="Wikipedia:Consensus">consensus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Consensus#Achieving_consensus" title="Wikipedia:Consensus">vetting</a>.</div></div></td><td class="mbox-imageright"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1252059228">.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutboxplain{float:right;margin:0 0 0 1em;border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);background-color:var(--background-color-base,#fff);padding:0.3em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;text-align:center;font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutboxleft{float:left;margin:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutlist{display:inline-block;border-bottom:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);margin-bottom:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutboxplain ul{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .module-shortcutanchordiv{position:relative;top:-3em}.mw-parser-output li .module-shortcutanchordiv{float:right}.mw-parser-output .mbox-imageright .module-shortcutboxplain{padding:0.4em 1em 0.4em 1em;line-height:1.3;margin:0}</style><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:CITENEED"></span><span id="WP:NEEDCITE"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcuts</a></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:CITENEED&redirect=no">WP:CITENEED</a></span></li><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:NEEDCITE&redirect=no">WP:NEEDCITE</a></span></li></ul></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238436933"><table class="box-Notice plainlinks ombox ombox-notice" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/40px-Information_icon4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/60px-Information_icon4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1d/Information_icon4.svg/80px-Information_icon4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="620"/></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text" style="text-align: left;">A complete version of the documentation for this template is provided at <a href="/wiki/Template:Citation_needed" title="Template:Citation needed">Template:Citation needed</a>. If you are new to editing and instead just need a general overview of how sources work, see the <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">referencing for beginners help page</a>.</td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Webcomic_xkcd_-_Wikipedian_protester_-_English.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Innovative application for the template in xkcd 285 (Wikipedian Protester)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Webcomic_xkcd_-_Wikipedian_protester_-_English.svg/440px-Webcomic_xkcd_-_Wikipedian_protester_-_English.svg.png" decoding="async" width="440" height="237" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Webcomic_xkcd_-_Wikipedian_protester_-_English.svg/660px-Webcomic_xkcd_-_Wikipedian_protester_-_English.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Webcomic_xkcd_-_Wikipedian_protester_-_English.svg/880px-Webcomic_xkcd_-_Wikipedian_protester_-_English.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="499" data-file-height="269"/></a><figcaption>The <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Citation_needed" title="Template:Citation needed">Citation needed</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> template aims to promote <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">accountable</a> discourse.</figcaption></figure> <p>To ensure that all Wikipedia content is <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verifiable</a>, Wikipedia provides a means for anyone to question an <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#When_and_why_to_cite_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">uncited claim</a>. If your work has been tagged, please provide a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_reliable_sources" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources">reliable source</a> for the statement, and <a href="/wiki/Help:Using_talk_pages" class="mw-redirect" title="Help:Using talk pages">discuss</a> if needed. </p><p>You can add a citation by selecting from the drop-down <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:VisualEditor_-_Cite_Pulldown.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt=""cite"" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/VisualEditor_-_Cite_Pulldown.png/40px-VisualEditor_-_Cite_Pulldown.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="32" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/VisualEditor_-_Cite_Pulldown.png/60px-VisualEditor_-_Cite_Pulldown.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/VisualEditor_-_Cite_Pulldown.png/80px-VisualEditor_-_Cite_Pulldown.png 2x" data-file-width="106" data-file-height="84"/></a></span> menu at the top of the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tutorial/Editing" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Tutorial/Editing">editing box</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Help:Wikitext" title="Help:Wikitext">markup</a>, you can add a citation manually using <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citingsources#How_to_place_an_inline_citation_using_ref_tags" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Citingsources">ref tags</a>. There are also <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">more elaborate ways to cite sources</a>. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Wiki#Editing" title="Wiki">wiki markup</a>, you can question an uncited claim by inserting a simple <code><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Citation_needed" title="Template:Citation needed">Citation needed</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></code> tag, or a more comprehensive <code>{{Citation needed|reason=<i>Your explanation here</i>|date=November 2024}}</code>. Alternatively, <code><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Fact" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Fact">fact</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></code> and <code><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Cn" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Cn">cn</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></code> will produce the same result. These all display as: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p><b>Example:</b> 87 percent of statistics are made up on the spot.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citations_needed" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Citations needed"><span title="Wikipedia:Citations needed">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p></blockquote> <p>For information on adding citations in articles, see <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">Help:Referencing for beginners</a>. For information on when to remove this template messages, see <a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Help:Maintenance template removal</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc"/> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="When_to_use_this_tag" data-mw-thread-id="h-When_to_use_this_tag"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-When_to_use_this_tag"></span>When to use this tag<span data-mw-comment-end="h-When_to_use_this_tag"></span></h2></div> <p>A "citation needed" tag is a request for another editor to supply a source for the tagged fact: a form of communication between members of a collaborative editing community. It is never, in itself, an "improvement" of an article. Though readers may be alerted by a "citation needed" that a particular statement is not supported, and even doubted by some, many readers don't fully understand the community's processes. Not all tags get addressed in a timely manner, staying in place for months or years, forming an <a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_backlog" title="Category:Wikipedia backlog">ever-growing Wikipedia backlog</a>—this itself can be a problem. Best practice recommends the following: </p> <ul><li>Tag thoughtfully. <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:TAGBOMB" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:TAGBOMB">Avoid "hit-and-run" or pointed tagging</a>. Try to be courteous and consider the hypothetical fellow-editor who will, we hope, notice your tag and try to find the citation you have requested. When adding a tag, ask yourself: Is it clear just what information you want cited? Is the information probably factual? (If it is not, then it needs deletion or correction rather than citation!) Is the knowledge so <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:BLUE" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:BLUE">self-evident</a> that it really does not need to be cited at all? (Some things do not.)</li> <li>Some tags are inserted by people well-placed to find a suitable citation themselves. If this is the case, consider adding these articles to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Watchlist" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Watchlist">your watchlist</a> or a worklist so that you can revisit the article when you have the opportunity to fix any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:V" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:V">verifiability issues</a> yourself.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="When_not_to_use_this_tag" data-mw-thread-id="h-When_not_to_use_this_tag"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-When_not_to_use_this_tag"></span>When not to use this tag<span data-mw-comment-end="h-When_not_to_use_this_tag"></span></h2></div> <p>Before adding a tag, at least consider the following alternatives, one of which may prove much more constructive: </p> <ul><li>Do not use this tag because you <a href="/wiki/Template:Clarify" title="Template:Clarify">don't understand a statement</a>, or feel that <a href="/wiki/Template:Confusing" title="Template:Confusing">"non-expert" readers are likely to be confused</a>. Use <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Clarify" title="Template:Clarify">Clarify</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span>, <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Explain" title="Template:Explain">Explain</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span>, <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Confusing" title="Template:Confusing">Confusing</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span>, <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Examples" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Examples">Examples</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span>, <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Why" title="Template:Why">Why</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> or <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Non_sequitur" title="Template:Non sequitur">Non sequitur</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span>, as appropriate, instead.</li> <li>If the content is nonsense or is unlikely to be true, <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Be_bold" title="Wikipedia:Be bold"> be bold and delete it</a>!</li> <li>If the content is a common misconception, replace it with a cited contradictory statement. This prevents the misconception from being readded and reremoved again and again.</li> <li>Do not tag controversial material about living people that is unsourced or poorly sourced. <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons#Remove_unsourced_or_poorly_sourced_contentious_material" title="Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons">Remove it immediately!</a></li> <li>Per <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:DIARY" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:DIARY">WP:DIARY</a>, do not tag excessively trivial claims. Remove them.</li> <li>If you are sure the statement you want to tag is not factual, even if it does not come under either of the preceding headings, it may be more appropriate to simply remove the text (delete it!). Be sure to add a suitable edit summary, such as "Very doubtful – please add a citation if you return the content". If the original statement was accurate after all, this gives someone the chance to put it back, hopefully with a proper citation this time.</li> <li>If a statement sounds plausible, and is consistent with other statements in the article, but you doubt that it is totally accurate, then consider making a reasonable effort to find a reference yourself. In the process, you may end up confirming that the statement needs to be edited or deleted to better reflect the best knowledge about the topic.</li> <li>If an article, or a section within an article, is under-referenced, then consider adding an <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Unreferenced" title="Template:Unreferenced">Unreferenced</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span>, <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Refimprove" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Refimprove">Refimprove</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span>, or <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Unreferenced_section" title="Template:Unreferenced section">Unreferenced section</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> tag to the article or section concerned – these tags allow you to indicate more systemic problems to the page.</li> <li>A reference at the end of a paragraph typically refers to the whole paragraph, and similarly a reference at the end of a sentence may almost always be taken as referring to the whole sentence. If a particular part of a sentence or paragraph seems to require a separate citation, or looks as if it may have been inserted into the text at a sentence or paragraph level, try to check the original reference rather than adding tags to text that may already be well referenced. The extra parameters available in the <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Citation_needed_span" title="Template:Citation needed span">Citation needed span</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span> template may allow you to indicate which section you want to refer to.</li> <li>Do not insert a "Citation needed" tag to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Point" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Point">make a point, to "pay back" another editor, or because you "don't like" a subject, a particular article, or another editor</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="If_your_work_has_been_tagged" data-mw-thread-id="h-If_your_work_has_been_tagged"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-If_your_work_has_been_tagged"></span>If your work has been tagged<span data-mw-comment-end="h-If_your_work_has_been_tagged"></span></h2></div> <ul><li>If you can provide a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_reliable_sources" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources">reliable source</a> for the claim, then please add it! If you are not sure how to do this, then <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Be_bold" title="Wikipedia:Be bold">give it your best try</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tutorial/Editing" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Tutorial/Editing">replace</a> the "Citation needed" template with enough information to locate the source. You may leave the <a href="/wiki/Copy_editing" title="Copy editing">copyediting</a> or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikify" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Wikify">Wikifying</a> to someone else, or learn more about <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">citing sources on Wikipedia</a>. <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction_to_referencing_with_VisualEditor/1" title="Help:Introduction to referencing with VisualEditor/1">This beginners' referencing guide for Wikipedia</a> provides a brief introduction on how to reference Wikipedia articles.</li> <li><span class="anchor" id="Consensus_on_the_template"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1252059228"><div class="module-shortcutanchordiv"><span id="WP:CITENEEDREMOVE"></span><span id="WP:NEEDCITEREMOVE"></span></div><div class="module-shortcutboxplain noprint" role="note"><div class="module-shortcutlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Shortcut" title="Wikipedia:Shortcut">Shortcuts</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:CITENEEDREMOVE&redirect=no">WP:CITENEEDREMOVE</a></span></li><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:NEEDCITEREMOVE&redirect=no">WP:NEEDCITEREMOVE</a></span></li></ul></div></div>If someone tagged your contributions with a "Citation needed" tag or tags, and you disagree, discuss the matter on the article's <a href="/wiki/Help:Using_talk_pages" class="mw-redirect" title="Help:Using talk pages">talk page</a>. The most constructive thing to do in most cases is probably to supply the reference(s) requested, even if you feel the tags are "overdone" or unnecessary.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="How_to_help_reduce_the_backlog" data-mw-thread-id="h-How_to_help_reduce_the_backlog"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-How_to_help_reduce_the_backlog"></span>How to help reduce the backlog<span data-mw-comment-end="h-How_to_help_reduce_the_backlog"></span></h2></div> <p>There are 533,030 articles with "Citation needed" statements. You can browse the whole list of these articles at <a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">Category:All articles with unsourced statements</a>. </p><p>Frequently the authors of statements do not return to Wikipedia to support the statement with citations, so other Wikipedia editors have to do work checking those statements. With 533,030 articles containing statements that need <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verification" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Verification">WP:Verification</a>, sometimes it's hard to choose which article to work on. The tool <a class="external text" href="https://tools.wmflabs.org/citationhunt/en">Citation Hunt</a> makes that easier by suggesting random articles, which you can sort by topical category membership. </p> <div class="plainlinks" style="text-align:center"><a class="external text" href="https://tools.wmflabs.org/citationhunt/en"><span class="mw-ui-button mw-ui-progressive" style="margin:.1em">I can help! Give me a random citation to find!</span></a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="See_also" data-mw-thread-id="h-See_also"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-See_also"></span>See also<span data-mw-comment-end="h-See_also"></span></h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Citation_needed" title="Template:Citation needed">Template:Citation needed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Citation_needed_span" title="Template:Citation needed span">Template:Citation needed span</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Verify_source" title="Template:Verify source">Template:Verify source</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Unreferenced" title="Template:Unreferenced">Template:Unreferenced</a> for an article (rather than an individual statement) that does not cite any references or sources.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:More_citations_needed" title="Template:More citations needed">Template:More citations needed</a> for an article (rather than an individual statement) that has some citations, but not enough.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_messages/Sources_of_articles" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Template messages/Sources of articles">Template messages – Sources of articles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Template_messages/Cleanup#Inline_with_article_text_6" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Template messages/Cleanup">Inline verifiability and sources cleanup templates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verification_methods" title="Wikipedia:Verification methods">Wikipedia:Verification methods</a> – listing examples of the most common ways that citations are used in Wikipedia articles</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources/Example_edits_for_different_methods" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources/Example edits for different methods">Wikipedia:Citing sources/Example edits for different methods</a> – showing comparative edit mode representations for different citation methods and techniques.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_templates" title="Wikipedia:Citation templates">Wikipedia:Citation templates</a> – a full listing of various styles for citing all sorts of materials</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Reliability" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Reliability">Wikipedia:WikiProject Reliability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">Category:All articles with unsourced statements</a> – list of all pages with <span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Citation_needed" title="Template:Citation needed">citation needed</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="External_links" data-mw-thread-id="h-External_links"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-External_links"></span>External links<span data-mw-comment-end="h-External_links"></span></h2></div> <ul><li><span 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href="/wiki/Template:Inline_cleanup_tags" title="Template:Inline cleanup tags"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Inline_cleanup_tags" title="Template talk:Inline cleanup tags"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Inline_cleanup_tags" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Inline cleanup tags"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Inline_cleanup_tags" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Inline cleanup tags</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Attribution</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-off" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Among_whom" title="Template:Among whom">Among whom</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:According_to_whom" title="Template:According to whom">According to whom</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Attribution_needed" title="Template:Attribution needed">Attribution needed</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:By_whom" title="Template:By whom">By whom</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:From_whom%3F" title="Template:From whom?">From whom?</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Like_whom%3F" title="Template:Like whom?">Like whom?</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:To_whom%3F" title="Template:To whom?">To whom?</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Who" title="Template:Who">Who</a><span 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<li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Context_inline" title="Template:Context inline">Context inline</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Expand_acronym" title="Template:Expand acronym">Expand acronym</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Incomprehensible_inline" title="Template:Incomprehensible inline">Incomprehensible inline</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Incomprehensible_span" title="Template:Incomprehensible span">Incomprehensible span</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Key_needed" title="Template:Key needed">Key needed</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Non_sequitur" title="Template:Non sequitur">Non sequitur</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span 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class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Compared_to%3F" title="Template:Compared to?">Compared to?</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Editorializing" title="Template:Editorializing">Editorializing</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Fact_or_opinion" title="Template:Fact or opinion">Fact or opinion</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Opinion" title="Template:Opinion">Opinion</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Peacock_inline" title="Template:Peacock inline">Peacock inline</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:POV_statement" title="Template:POV statement">POV statement</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Promotion_inline" title="Template:Promotion inline">Promotion inline</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Unbalanced_opinion" title="Template:Unbalanced opinion">Unbalanced opinion</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Weasel_inline" title="Template:Weasel inline">Weasel inline</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Precision</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-off" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:By_how_much" title="Template:By how much">By how much</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Definition" title="Template:Definition">Definition</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Definition_needed" title="Template:Definition needed">Definition needed</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Example_needed" title="Template:Example needed">Example needed</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Example_needed_span" title="Template:Example needed span">Example needed span</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Explain" title="Template:Explain">Explain</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:How" title="Template:How">How</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:How_often" title="Template:How often">How often</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Misquoted" title="Template:Misquoted">Misquoted</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Quantify" title="Template:Quantify">Quantify</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Specify" title="Template:Specify">Specify</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Vague" title="Template:Vague">Vague</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:When" title="Template:When">When</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Where" title="Template:Where">Where</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Which" title="Template:Which">Which</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Who_else" title="Template:Who else">Who else</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Why" title="Template:Why">Why</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Year_needed" title="Template:Year needed">Year needed</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Excessive</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-off" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Overly_detailed_inline" title="Template:Overly detailed inline">Overly detailed inline</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Duplication_span" title="Template:Duplication span">Duplication span</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Importance_inline" title="Template:Importance inline">Importance inline</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Relevance_inline" title="Template:Relevance inline">Relevance inline</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Undue_weight_inline" title="Template:Undue weight inline">Undue weight inline</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Globalize_inline" title="Template:Globalize inline">Globalize inline</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Infobox_clutter" title="Template:Infobox clutter">Infobox clutter</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Time-sensitivity</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-off" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Anachronism_inline" title="Template:Anachronism inline">Anachronism inline</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Clarify_timeframe" title="Template:Clarify timeframe">Clarify timeframe</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Current_event_inline" title="Template:Current event inline">Current event inline</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Is_this_date_calibrated%3F" title="Template:Is this date calibrated?">Is this date calibrated?</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Update_after" title="Template:Update after">Update after</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Update_inline" title="Template:Update inline">Update inline</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Update_span" title="Template:Update span">Update span</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Verifiability</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;white-space: normal;">Dubious</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-off" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Contradictory_inline" title="Template:Contradictory inline">Contradictory inline</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Disputed_inline" title="Template:Disputed inline">Disputed inline</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Dubious" title="Template:Dubious">Dubious</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Dubious_span" title="Template:Dubious span">Dubious span</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Inconsistent" title="Template:Inconsistent">Inconsistent</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Needs_independent_confirmation" title="Template:Needs independent confirmation">Needs independent confirmation</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Speculation_inline" title="Template:Speculation inline">Speculation inline</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;white-space: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bare_URLs" title="Wikipedia:Bare URLs">Bare URLs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-off" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Bare_URL_inline" title="Template:Bare URL inline">Bare URL inline</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Bare_URL_non-HTML" title="Template:Bare URL non-HTML">Bare URL non-HTML</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Bare_URL_AV_media" title="Template:Bare URL AV media">Bare URL AV media</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Bare_URL_PDF" title="Template:Bare URL PDF">Bare URL PDF</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Bare_URL_image" title="Template:Bare URL image">Bare URL image</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Bare_URL_DOC" title="Template:Bare URL DOC">Bare URL DOC</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Bare_URL_plain_text" title="Template:Bare URL plain text">Bare URL plain text</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Bare_URL_spreadsheet" title="Template:Bare URL spreadsheet">Bare URL spreadsheet</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;white-space: normal;">Incomplete or broken citation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-off" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Author_incomplete" title="Template:Author incomplete">Author incomplete</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Author_missing" title="Template:Author missing">Author missing</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Date_missing" title="Template:Date missing">Date missing</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Dead_link" title="Template:Dead link">Dead link</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Edition_needed" title="Template:Edition needed">Edition needed</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Episode_needed" title="Template:Episode needed">Episode needed</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Full_citation_needed" title="Template:Full citation needed">Full citation needed</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Incomplete_short_citation" title="Template:Incomplete short citation">Incomplete short citation</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:ISBN_missing" title="Template:ISBN missing">ISBN missing</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Moved_resource" title="Template:Moved resource">Moved resource</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Page_needed" title="Template:Page needed">Page needed</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Permanent_dead_link" title="Template:Permanent dead link">Permanent dead link</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Place_missing" title="Template:Place missing">Place missing</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Publisher_missing" title="Template:Publisher missing">Publisher missing</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Season_needed" title="Template:Season needed">Season needed</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Time_needed" title="Template:Time needed">Time needed</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Title_incomplete" title="Template:Title incomplete">Title incomplete</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Title_missing" title="Template:Title missing">Title missing</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Unused_source" title="Template:Unused source">Unused source</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Volume_needed" title="Template:Volume needed">Volume needed</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Year_missing" title="Template:Year missing">Year missing</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;white-space: normal;">Missing or problematic reference</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-off" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Additional_citation_needed" title="Template:Additional citation needed">Additional citation needed</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Better_source_needed" title="Template:Better source needed">Better source needed</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Better_source_needed_example" title="Template:Better source needed example">Better source needed example</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Check_quotation" title="Template:Check quotation">Check quotation</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Chronology_citation_needed" title="Template:Chronology citation needed">Chronology citation needed</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Circular_reference" title="Template:Circular reference">Circular reference</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Citation_needed" title="Template:Citation needed">Citation needed</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Citation_needed_span" title="Template:Citation needed span">Citation needed span</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Citation_not_found" title="Template:Citation not found">Citation not found</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Close_paraphrasing_inline" title="Template:Close paraphrasing inline">Close paraphrasing inline</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:COI_source" title="Template:COI source">COI source</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Deprecated_inline" title="Template:Deprecated inline">Deprecated inline</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Excessive_citations_inline" title="Template:Excessive citations inline">Excessive citations inline</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Failed_verification" title="Template:Failed verification">Failed verification</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Failed_verification_span" title="Template:Failed verification span">Failed verification span</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Image_reference_needed" title="Template:Image reference needed">Image reference needed</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Irrelevant_citation" title="Template:Irrelevant citation">Irrelevant citation</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Medical_citation_needed" title="Template:Medical citation needed">Medical citation needed</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Medical_citation_needed_span" title="Template:Medical citation needed span">Medical citation needed span</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Nonspecific" title="Template:Nonspecific">Nonspecific</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Not_verified_in_body" title="Template:Not verified in body">Not verified in body</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Obsolete_source" title="Template:Obsolete source">Obsolete source</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Page_range_too_broad" title="Template:Page range too broad">Page range too broad</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Primary_source_inline" title="Template:Primary source inline">Primary source inline</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Promotional_source" title="Template:Promotional source">Promotional source</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Quote_without_source" title="Template:Quote without source">Quote without source</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Request_quotation" title="Template:Request quotation">Request quotation</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Request_quotation_span" title="Template:Request quotation span">Request quotation span</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Retracted" title="Template:Retracted">Retracted</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Scientific_citation_needed" title="Template:Scientific citation needed">Scientific citation needed</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Self-published_inline" title="Template:Self-published inline">Self-published inline</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Tertiary_source_inline" title="Template:Tertiary source inline">Tertiary source inline</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Third-party_inline" title="Template:Third-party inline">Third-party inline</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Unreliable_fringe_source" title="Template:Unreliable fringe source">Unreliable fringe source</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Unreliable_medical_source" title="Template:Unreliable medical source">Unreliable medical source</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Unreliable_source%3F" title="Template:Unreliable source?">Unreliable source?</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Verify_quote" title="Template:Verify quote">Verify quote</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Verify_source" title="Template:Verify source">Verify source</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Wording</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-off" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Buzzword_inline" title="Template:Buzzword inline">Buzzword inline</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Colloquialism" title="Template:Colloquialism">Colloquialism</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Copy_edit_inline" title="Template:Copy edit inline">Copy edit inline</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Idiom" title="Template:Idiom">Idiom</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Neologism_inline" title="Template:Neologism inline">Neologism inline</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Technical_inline" title="Template:Technical inline">Technical inline</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Tone_inline" title="Template:Tone inline">Tone inline</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General advice</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-off" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">Citing sources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">Reliable sources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Maintenance template removal</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Citation needed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Find_sources" title="Help:Find sources">Find sources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Combining_sources" title="Wikipedia:Combining sources">Combining sources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Overview_of_referencing_styles" title="Help:Overview of referencing styles">Referencing styles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185"/></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Inline_cleanup_templates" title="Category:Inline cleanup templates">Inline cleanup templates</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="WikiProject"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/16px-People_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/24px-People_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/People_icon.svg/32px-People_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="100"/></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Inline_Templates" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Inline Templates">WikiProject Inline Templates</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Wikipedia_referencing" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Wikipedia_referencing" title="Template:Wikipedia referencing"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Wikipedia_referencing" title="Template talk:Wikipedia referencing"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Wikipedia_referencing" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Wikipedia referencing"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Wikipedia_referencing" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">Wikipedia referencing</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Policies and guidelines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">Verifiability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research" title="Wikipedia:No original research">No original research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons" title="Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons">Biographies of living persons</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Identifying_reliable_sources_(medicine)" title="Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources (medicine)">Medicine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">Citing sources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Scientific_citation_guidelines" title="Wikipedia:Scientific citation guidelines">Scientific citations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General advice</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Citation needed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Combining_sources" title="Wikipedia:Combining sources">Combining sources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Offline_sources" title="Wikipedia:Offline sources">Offline sources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Overview_of_referencing_styles" title="Help:Overview of referencing styles">Referencing styles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">Citing sources</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Citation_Style_1" title="Help:Citation Style 1">Citation Style 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Citation_Style_2" title="Help:Citation Style 2">Citation Style 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Citation_Style_Vancouver" title="Help:Citation Style Vancouver">Citation Style Vancouver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Bluebook_style_citation_templates" title="Category:Bluebook style citation templates">Bluebook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Comics_citation_templates" title="Category:Comics citation templates">Comics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_templates" title="Wikipedia:Citation templates">Citation templates</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Inline_citation" title="Wikipedia:Inline citation">Inline citations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Footnotes" title="Help:Footnotes">Footnotes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style#Punctuation_and_footnotes" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style">Punctuation and footnotes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Shortened_footnotes" title="Help:Shortened footnotes">Shortened footnotes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Nesting_footnotes" title="Wikipedia:Nesting footnotes">Nesting footnotes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">Help for beginners</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Reftags" title="Help:Reftags">Reference-tags</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Citations_quick_reference" title="Help:Citations quick reference">Citations quick reference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction_to_referencing_with_Wiki_Markup/1" title="Help:Introduction to referencing with Wiki Markup/1">Introduction to referencing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners_with_citation_templates" title="Help:Referencing for beginners with citation templates">Referencing with citation templates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners_without_using_templates" title="Help:Referencing for beginners without using templates">Referencing without using templates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:References_dos_and_don%27ts" title="Wikipedia:References dos and don'ts">Referencing dos and don'ts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia:Citing Wikipedia">Citing Wikipedia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Advanced help</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Help:Cite_link_labels" title="Help:Cite link labels">Cite link labels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Cite_errors" title="Help:Cite errors">Cite errors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Citation_merging" title="Help:Citation merging">Citation merging (bundling)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Cite_messages" title="Help:Cite messages">Cite messages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Converting_between_references_formats" title="Help:Converting between references formats">Converting between references formats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:Reference_display_customization" title="Help:Reference display customization">Reference display customization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Help:References_and_page_numbers" title="Help:References and page numbers">References and page numbers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Guidance_on_source_reviewing_at_FAC" title="Wikipedia:Guidance on source reviewing at FAC">Guidance on source reviewing at FAC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Footnote_templates" title="Category:Footnote templates">Footnote templates</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Citation_Style_documentation" title="Template:Citation Style documentation">Citation Style documentation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Multiple_references" class="mw-disambig" title="Template:Multiple references">Multiple references</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Reflist" title="Template:Reflist">Reflist</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">{{</span><a href="/wiki/Template:Refbegin" title="Template:Refbegin">Refbegin</a><span class="nowrap">}}</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Find_sources" title="Help:Find sources">Find references </a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:FIND" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:FIND">How to find sources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:List_of_bibliographies" title="Wikipedia:List of bibliographies">Bibliographies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:The_Wikipedia_Library" title="Wikipedia:The Wikipedia Library">Wikipedia Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Resource_Exchange/Resource_Request" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Resource Exchange/Resource Request">Resource Exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reference_desk" title="Wikipedia:Reference desk">Reference Desk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Book_sources" title="Wikipedia:Book sources">Book Sources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Free_English_newspaper_sources" title="Wikipedia:Free English newspaper sources">Free newspaper sources</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Citation_tools" title="Help:Citation tools">Citation tools</a><br/>(External links)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="external text" href="https://citer.toolforge.org/">Citer</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sumsearch.org/cite/">Biomedical cite</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://tools.wmflabs.org/citations/">Citation bot</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://tools.wmflabs.org/makeref/">MakeRef</a></li> <li><a class="external text" href="https://refill.toolforge.org/ng/">Refill</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/">WayBack</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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