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href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%8B%D0%BD:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Салымдар</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%8B%D0%BD:MyTalk" title="Бул IP дарекке арналган талкуулоо барагы [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Талкуу</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Сайт"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Мазмуну" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Мазмуну</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">каптал тилкесине жылдыруу</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">жашыруу</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Башына кайтуу</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Колдонулган_адабияттар" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Колдонулган_адабияттар"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Колдонулган адабияттар</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Колдонулган_адабияттар-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Мазмуну" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Мазмунду жашыруу/көрсөтүү" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Мазмунду жашыруу/көрсөтүү</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Араб халифаты</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Башка тилдеги макалага өтүү. 21 тилде жеткиликтүү" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-21" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">21 тил</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%8Fr%C9%99b_xilaf%C9%99ti" title="Ərəb xilafəti – азербайжанча" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Ərəb xilafəti" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="азербайжанча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%92%D3%99%D1%80%D3%99%D0%BF_%D1%85%D3%99%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84%D3%99%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B5" title="Ғәрәп хәлифәлеге – башкырча" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Ғәрәп хәлифәлеге" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="башкырча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Арабскі халіфат – беларусча" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Арабскі халіфат" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="беларусча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Арабски халифат – болгарча" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Арабски халифат" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="болгарча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_Caliphate" title="Arab Caliphate – англисче" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Arab Caliphate" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="англисче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Araba_imperio" title="Araba imperio – эсперанто" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Araba imperio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="эсперанто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A2%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%AD%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%AB%D6%86%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Արաբական խալիֆայություն – армянча" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Արաբական խալիֆայություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="армянча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A2%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D4%BD%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%AB%D6%86%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%AB%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Արաբական Խալիֆայութիւն – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Արաբական Խալիֆայութիւն" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%91%E1%83%97%E1%83%90_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%AE%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A4%E1%83%9D" title="არაბთა სახალიფო – грузинче" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="არაბთა სახალიფო" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="грузинче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ar%C4%81bu_Kalif%C4%81ts" title="Arābu Kalifāts – латышча" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Arābu Kalifāts" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="латышча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Det_arabiske_riket" title="Det arabiske riket – норвежче (нинорск)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Det arabiske riket" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="норвежче (нинорск)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Det_arabiske_rike" title="Det arabiske rike – норвежче (букмал)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Det arabiske rike" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="норвежче (букмал)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Арабский халифат – орусча" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Арабский халифат" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="орусча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabsk%C3%A1_r%C3%AD%C5%A1a" title="Arabská ríša – словакча" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Arabská ríša" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="словакча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1" title="Хилофати Араб – тажикче" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Хилофати Араб" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="тажикче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beyik_Arap_halyfaty(VI_-_XI_asyrlarda)" title="Beyik Arap halyfaty(VI - XI asyrlarda) – түркмөнчө" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Beyik Arap halyfaty(VI - XI asyrlarda)" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="түркмөнчө" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B0%D1%80%D3%99%D0%BF_%D1%85%D3%99%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84%D3%99%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B5" title="Гарәп хәлифәлеге – татарча" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Гарәп хәлифәлеге" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="татарча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Арабський халіфат – украинче" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Арабський халіфат" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украинче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_xalifaligi" title="Arab xalifaligi – өзбекче" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Arab xalifaligi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="өзбекче" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="阿拉伯帝国 – "У" диалектинде (Кытай)" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="阿拉伯帝国" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name=""У" диалектинде (Кытай)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="阿拉伯帝国 – кытайча" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="阿拉伯帝国" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="кытайча" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3181749#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Башка тилдерге шилтемени түзөтүү" class="wbc-editpage">Шилтемелерди түзөтүү</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Аталыш мейкиндиктери"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Барактын мазмунун кароо [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Макала</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%83:%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Барактын мазмунун талкуулоо (мындай барак жок) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Талкуу</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Тилди өзгөртүү" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">кыргызча</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Көрүүлөр"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B"><span>Окуу</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B&veaction=edit" title="Бул баракты түзөтүү [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Түзөтүү</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B&action=edit" title="Барактын кодун түзөтүү [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Булагын түзөтүү</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B&action=history" title="Барактын тарыхы [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Тарыхын кароо</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Аспап кутусу" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button 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</ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Көрүнүш"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Көрүнүш</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">каптал тилкесине жылдыруу</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">жашыруу</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Википедия дан</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ky" dir="ltr"><p><b>Араб халифаты</b> — халифтер (орун басар) башкарган араб-мусулман мамлекеттеринин Европа элдериндеги аталышы. Араб халифаты 7-кылымдын башында Мухаммед Батыш Аравияда түзгөн мусулман жамаатынын (Умма Мухаммадийа) негизинде түзүлүп, алгачкы халифтер <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%80_%D0%A1%D1%8B%D0%B4%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Абубакр Сыддык">Абу Бекр</a> (632- 634), <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BD%D1%83_%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B1" title="Умар ибну Хаттаб">Омар</a> (634-644), <a href="/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BD%D1%83_%D0%90%D1%84%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Усман ибну Аффан">Осмон</a> (644-656) жана <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B1" title="Али ибни Абуталиб">Али ибн Абу Талиб</a> (656-661) мусулман жамаатынын эрки менен шайланышкан. Алар бийлик жүргүзгөн мезгилдерде араб халифаты ири империяга айланган. Халифаттын алгачкы борбору <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Медина">Медина</a> шаары болгон. <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%B6%D0%B5%D2%A3%D0%B8%D0%BF_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="Арабдардын жеңип алуулары">Арабдардын жеңип алууларынын</a> натыйжасында, араб халифатынын курамына <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BF_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BC_%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="Арап жарым аралы">Араб жарым аралынан</a> тартып Ирак, Иран, Орто Азия, Сирия, <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Палестина">Палестина</a>, Египет, Түндүк Африканын, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D2%AF%D1%88%D1%82%D2%AF%D0%BA_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7" title="Түштүк Кавказ">Закавказье</a> менен <a href="/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BC_%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B" title="Пиреней жарым аралы">Пиреней жарым аралынын</a> көп бөлүгү, Синдди камтыган кеңири аймактар каратылган. Төртүнчү халиф Алинин өлүмүнөн кийин халифатта бийлик <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%8F%D0%B4%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Омейяддар династиясы">Омейяддар</a> династиясынын өкүлү Муавияга өтөт. Ушундан тарта халифти шайлоо жолу менен бийликке келүүсү токтотулуп, династиялык башкаруу орнотулат. Муавия өлкөнүн борборун <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дамаск (мындай барак жок)">Дамаскка</a> көчүрөт. 685-жылы бийликке келген халиф Абд ал-Маликтин тушунда <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1_%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Араб тили (мындай барак жок)">араб тили</a> халифаттын расмий тилине айланып, анын курамындагы мамлекеттерде иш кагаздары араб тилинде жүргүзүлө баштаган. Мамлекеттин аймагынын чоңдугунан халифаттын курамына кирген облустар халиф тарабынан дайындалган атайын өкүлдөр тарабынан башкарылган жана халифтерге мыкты кызмат өтөгөн айрым провинциялардын башкаруучулары да бийликти мурастоого укук алышкан. Кээ бир аймактарда диний жана этникалык карама-каршылыктар сепаратизмдин башталышына шарт түзүп, бийлик жергиликтүү эмирлер менен султандардын колуна өткөн жана Тунисте, Египетте, Чыгыш Африкада жана Орто Азияда жергиликтүү династиялардын түзүлүшүнө алып келген (Тулуниддер, Тахириддер, <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Аглабиддер">Аглабиддер</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8" title="Саманийлер мамлекети">Саманиддер</a>, Буиддер жана башка). Омеяддардын бийлиги ич ара чатактардын натыйжасында кулатылып, 750-жылы Абу Муслим жетектеген козголоңдун натыйжасында Омеяддардын акыркы башкаруучусу Мерва II өлтүрүлүп, принц Абд ар-Рахман Андалуска (Испания) качып кетип, ал жакта <a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Кордова халифаты">Кордова эмиратын</a> негиздеген. Бийликке келген Аб-уль Аббас Саффах <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B1%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Аббасиддер">Аббасиддер</a> династиясын негиздеген. 929-жылы Испаниядагы Омеяддардын акыркы өкүлү Абд ар-Рахман III өзүн халиф деп жарыялап, Кордованы халифаттын борбору деп жарыялаган. Ошентип, Омеяддардын Кордова жана Аббасиддердин Багдад халифаттарынын ар бири ислам дүйнөсүндө мыйзамдуу жогорку бийликке ээ болууга аракеттенген. 972-жылы <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Фатимиддер">Фатимиддер</a> династиясынын (909-1171, Түндүк Африкада, борбору Каир) негиздөөчүсү Убайдаллах да халиф жана махди титулун алган. Аббасиддер халифаттын борборун Багдадга көчүрүп (айрым адабияттарда Багдад халифаты деп аталган), алардын тушунда араб халифаты Чыгыштагы борборлоштурулган ири державага айланып, Аббасиддердин доору мусулман мамлекеттүүлүгүнүн жана <a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1_%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Араб маданияты">маданиятынын</a> гүлдөгөн мезгили болгон. 1258-жылы Хулагу жетектеген <a href="/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D2%A3%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Моңголдор">монгол</a> аскерлери Багдадды алып, Аббасиддердин акыркы өкүлү халиф Мустасимди өлтүргөндөн кийин араб халифаты өз алдынча мамлекет катары жоюлган. Аббасиддер Египетке качып барып, Каирде башкарышкан. 1517-жылы халифтин укугу <a href="/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Осмон империясы">осмон</a> түрктөрүнүн султандарына өткөн. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Колдонулган_адабияттар"><span id=".D0.9A.D0.BE.D0.BB.D0.B4.D0.BE.D0.BD.D1.83.D0.BB.D0.B3.D0.B0.D0.BD_.D0.B0.D0.B4.D0.B0.D0.B1.D0.B8.D1.8F.D1.82.D1.82.D0.B0.D1.80"></span>Колдонулган адабияттар</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B&veaction=edit&section=1" title="«Колдонулган адабияттар‎» бөлүмүн түзөтүү" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>түзөтүү</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B1_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8B&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Колдонулган адабияттар"><span>булагын түзөтүү</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E2%80%9C%D0%9A%D1%8B%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%8B%D0%B7%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%E2%80%9D_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%82%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BA_%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%8B" title="“Кыргызстан” улуттук энциклопедиясы">“Кыргызстан” улуттук энциклопедиясы</a>: 1-том. Башкы ред. Асанов Ү. А., Б.: Мамлекеттик тил жана энциклопедия борбору, 2006. ISBN 9967—14— 046—1</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">"<a dir="ltr" href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Араб_халифаты&oldid=457128">https://ky.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Араб_халифаты&oldid=457128</a>" булагынан алынды</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%8B%D0%BD:Categories" title="Атайын:Categories">Категория</a>: <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Категория:Аравия (мындай барак жок)">Аравия</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F:%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%85" title="Категория:Тарых">Тарых</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Бул барак соңку жолу 30 ноябрь 2023, саат 13:01 өзгөртүлгөн.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Текст <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike лицензиясынын</a> алкагында жеткиликтүү; кошумча шарттар колдонулушу мүмкүн. 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