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class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Givat Ram</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 20 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-20" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">20 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%84%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%AE_%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%B1" title="تلة الشيخ بدر – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تلة الشيخ بدر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giv%27at_Ram" title="Giv'at Ram – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Giv'at Ram" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Givat_Ram" title="Givat Ram – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Givat Ram" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guivat_Ram" title="Guivat Ram – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Guivat Ram" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guivat_Ram" title="Guivat Ram – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Guivat Ram" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%AB%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%BF_%D5%8C%D5%A1%D5%B4" title="Գիվատ Ռամ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Գիվատ Ռամ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Givat_Ram" title="Givat Ram – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Givat Ram" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Givat_Ram" title="Givat Ram – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Givat Ram" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%91%D7%A2%D7%AA_%D7%A8%D7%9D" title="גבעת רם – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="גבעת רם" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Givat_Ram" title="Givat Ram – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Givat Ram" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Гиват Рам – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Гиват Рам" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%81%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85" title="جفعات رام – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جفعات رام" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Givat_Ram" title="Givat Ram – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Givat Ram" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Givat_Ram" title="Givat Ram – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Givat Ram" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giwat_Ram" title="Giwat Ram – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Giwat Ram" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82-%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Гиват-Рам – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Гиват-Рам" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Givat_Ram" title="Givat Ram – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Givat Ram" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82-%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Гіват-Рам – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Гіват-Рам" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%91%D7%A2%D7%AA_%D7%A8%D7%9D" title="גבעת רם – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="גבעת רם" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%90%89%E7%93%A6%E7%89%B9%E6%8B%89%E5%A7%86" title="吉瓦特拉姆 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="吉瓦特拉姆" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2426848#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Givat_Ram&params=31.78_N_35.20_E_scale:20000"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">31°47′N</span> <span class="longitude">35°12′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">31.78°N 35.20°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">31.78; 35.20</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Neighborhood in Jerusalem, Israel</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:WikiAir_IL-13-06_021_-_Kiryat_HaMemshala.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/WikiAir_IL-13-06_021_-_Kiryat_HaMemshala.JPG/220px-WikiAir_IL-13-06_021_-_Kiryat_HaMemshala.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/WikiAir_IL-13-06_021_-_Kiryat_HaMemshala.JPG/330px-WikiAir_IL-13-06_021_-_Kiryat_HaMemshala.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/WikiAir_IL-13-06_021_-_Kiryat_HaMemshala.JPG/440px-WikiAir_IL-13-06_021_-_Kiryat_HaMemshala.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>Aerial view of <a href="/wiki/Kiryat_HaMemshala" title="Kiryat HaMemshala">Kiryat HaMemshala</a> on Givat Ram, with the <a href="/wiki/Knesset" title="Knesset">Knesset</a> in the lower right corner and the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Israel" title="Supreme Court of Israel">Supreme Court of Israel</a> in the upper left corner</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Givat Ram</b> (<a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>: <span lang="he" dir="rtl">גִּבְעַת רָם</span>) is a neighborhood in central <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a>. It is the site of <a href="/wiki/Kiryat_HaMemshala" title="Kiryat HaMemshala">Kiryat HaMemshala</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>: קריית הממשלה, <i>lit.</i> Government complex), which includes many of Israel's most important national institutions, among them the <a href="/wiki/Knesset" title="Knesset">Knesset</a> (Israel's Parliament), the <a href="/wiki/Israel_Museum" title="Israel Museum">Israel Museum</a> (as well as the private <a href="/wiki/Bible_Lands_Museum_Jerusalem" class="mw-redirect" title="Bible Lands Museum Jerusalem">Bible Lands Museum</a>), the <a href="/wiki/Israeli_Supreme_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="Israeli Supreme Court">Supreme Court</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bank_of_Israel" title="Bank of Israel">Bank of Israel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Academy_of_the_Hebrew_Language" title="Academy of the Hebrew Language">Academy of the Hebrew Language</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Israel" title="National Library of Israel">National Library</a>, one of the campuses of the <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_University_of_Jerusalem" title="Hebrew University of Jerusalem">Hebrew University of Jerusalem</a>, and many government ministries' offices. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Givat_Ram&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Two versions: </p> <ol><li><i>Ram</i> is a Hebrew acronym for Rikuz Mefakdim – <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>: <span lang="he" dir="rtl">ריכוז-מפקדים</span>, lit. <i>officers' assembly</i>, therefore Giv'at Ram means <i>Officers' assembly hill</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i>Ram</i> is a Hebrew acronym for Rehavia Hamurhevet – <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>: <span lang="he" dir="rtl">רחביה המורחבת</span>, lit. expansion of <a href="/wiki/Rehavia" title="Rehavia">Rehavia</a>, and there are maps and over evidence for the efforts to build this neighborhood in the 40's. <sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Givat_Ram&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Badr,_Jerusalem" title="Sheikh Badr, Jerusalem">Sheikh Badr, Jerusalem</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Givat_ram_entrance_night_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Givat_ram_entrance_night_1.jpg/220px-Givat_ram_entrance_night_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Givat_ram_entrance_night_1.jpg/330px-Givat_ram_entrance_night_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Givat_ram_entrance_night_1.jpg/440px-Givat_ram_entrance_night_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4272" data-file-height="2848" /></a><figcaption>Edmond J. Safra Campus, <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_University_of_Jerusalem" title="Hebrew University of Jerusalem">Hebrew University of Jerusalem</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Before 1948, maps of the area drawn by the <a href="/wiki/Survey_of_Palestine" title="Survey of Palestine">Survey of Palestine</a> team tagged it as Karam es Sila. The name indicates it was a <i>karam</i> (grape field) belonging to the Sala (שלה might be originally סלע or سلع) family or the grape field near stone quarries. </p><p> Before the <a href="/wiki/1947%E2%80%931949_Palestine_war" class="mw-redirect" title="1947–1949 Palestine war">1947–1949 Arab-Israeli war</a>, the area in the north was known by the Arabs as <a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Badr,_Jerusalem" title="Sheikh Badr, Jerusalem">Sheikh Badr</a>. In December 1949, the Israeli government, headed by <a href="/wiki/David_Ben-Gurion" title="David Ben-Gurion">David Ben-Gurion</a>, passed a resolution to build a government precinct in Jerusalem. Givat Ram, a hill in the west of the city, which had been an assembly point for the <a href="/wiki/Gadna_(Israel)" title="Gadna (Israel)">Gadna Youth Battalions</a>, was chosen for this purpose. The topography of the site was made up of three ridges, meshed with the idea of establishing three clusters of buildings – the government precinct, a university campus and a museum. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="Previous source was a Google Search for the article's title (November 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jerusalem-Compiled,_drawn_and_printed_by_the_Survey_of_Palestine-1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Jerusalem-Compiled%2C_drawn_and_printed_by_the_Survey_of_Palestine-1.jpg/220px-Jerusalem-Compiled%2C_drawn_and_printed_by_the_Survey_of_Palestine-1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Jerusalem-Compiled%2C_drawn_and_printed_by_the_Survey_of_Palestine-1.jpg/330px-Jerusalem-Compiled%2C_drawn_and_printed_by_the_Survey_of_Palestine-1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Jerusalem-Compiled%2C_drawn_and_printed_by_the_Survey_of_Palestine-1.jpg/440px-Jerusalem-Compiled%2C_drawn_and_printed_by_the_Survey_of_Palestine-1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2365" data-file-height="2575" /></a><figcaption>Jerusalem, Produced by the <a href="/wiki/Survey_of_Palestine" title="Survey of Palestine">Survey of Palestine</a>, 1945-1946</figcaption></figure><p>The Knesset, Israeli government offices, and the Israeli Supreme Court are located in Givat Ram, as are cultural landmarks such as the Israel Museum, the Bible Lands Museum,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <a href="/wiki/Bloomfield_Science_Museum" title="Bloomfield Science Museum">Bloomfield Science Museum</a>, a campus of the Hebrew University of Jerusalem,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Israel" title="National Library of Israel">National Library of Israel</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Haaretz_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Haaretz-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Binyanei_HaUma" class="mw-redirect" title="Binyanei HaUma">Binyanei HaUma</a> - The National Convention Center. </p><p>The northern part of the neighborhood, between the convention center and the university, where the government ministries are clustered, is officially known as <a href="/wiki/Kiryat_HaLeom" title="Kiryat HaLeom">Kiryat HaLeom</a>. A new apartment project, Mishkenot Ha’uma, is being built in this area.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Wohl_Rose_Garden" class="mw-redirect" title="Wohl Rose Garden">Wohl Rose Garden</a> is also located in the neighborhood. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="High-Tech_village">High-Tech village</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Givat_Ram&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: High-Tech village"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Givat Ram High-Tech Village was established jointly by the <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Development_Authority" title="Jerusalem Development Authority">Jerusalem Development Authority</a> and the Hebrew University. It is one of the first high tech parks in Israel built in proximity to centers of academic research. It provides a starting base for technological start-up companies.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Archaeological_findings">Archaeological findings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Givat_Ram&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Archaeological findings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first salvage excavation was conducted before <a href="/wiki/Binyanei_HaUma" class="mw-redirect" title="Binyanei HaUma">Binyanei HaUma</a> was built, in July- August 1949, by <a href="/wiki/M._Avi-Yonah" class="mw-redirect" title="M. Avi-Yonah">M. Avi-Yonah</a>, who unearthed hewn installations, cisterns and pools of various sizes dating to the Herodian period, bricks and tiles bearing stamps of the <a href="/wiki/Legio_X_Fretensis" title="Legio X Fretensis">Tenth Roman Legion</a>, and the remains of a monastery. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Israeli_Air_Force_Fly_By._Israel_73rd_Independence_Day,_April_2021._XIV.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Israeli_Air_Force_Fly_By._Israel_73rd_Independence_Day%2C_April_2021._XIV.jpg/220px-Israeli_Air_Force_Fly_By._Israel_73rd_Independence_Day%2C_April_2021._XIV.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Israeli_Air_Force_Fly_By._Israel_73rd_Independence_Day%2C_April_2021._XIV.jpg/330px-Israeli_Air_Force_Fly_By._Israel_73rd_Independence_Day%2C_April_2021._XIV.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Israeli_Air_Force_Fly_By._Israel_73rd_Independence_Day%2C_April_2021._XIV.jpg/440px-Israeli_Air_Force_Fly_By._Israel_73rd_Independence_Day%2C_April_2021._XIV.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1020" /></a><figcaption>View of the <a href="/wiki/Knesset" title="Knesset">Knesset</a>, on Givat Ram. <a href="/wiki/Rehavia" title="Rehavia">Rehavia</a> is on the background</figcaption></figure> <p>In May–June 1968, before a new hotel (then the Hilton) was built south of Binyanei HaUma, Avi-Yonah conducted a second salvage excavation. He found remains of an oval-shaped potter's kiln, a preparation area for clay, and a deep water cistern. The area had been covered by a thick layer of plaster upon which were found large <a href="/wiki/Mortaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Mortaria">mortaria</a> and many bricks, some bearing stamps of the Tenth Legion. </p><p>During the work on a new international convention center east of Binyanei HaUma, a large salvage excavation was conducted in April–September 1992 on behalf of the <a href="/wiki/Israel_Antiquities_Authority" title="Israel Antiquities Authority">Israel Antiquities Authority</a>, but roughly 60% of the parking lot area had already been dug up by bulldozers. </p><p>In July 1993, a small excavation in the northwestern corner dismantled kilns of the Tenth Legion and lifted a <a href="/wiki/Mosaic" title="Mosaic">mosaic</a> floor of the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine" class="mw-redirect" title="Byzantine">Byzantine</a> period.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Photo_gallery">Photo gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Givat_Ram&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Photo gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Israel_museum.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Aerial photograph of the Israel Museum, with the Knesset in the background"><img alt="Aerial photograph of the Israel Museum, with the Knesset in the background" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Israel_museum.JPG/170px-Israel_museum.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Israel_museum.JPG/255px-Israel_museum.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Israel_museum.JPG/340px-Israel_museum.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1120" data-file-height="840" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Aerial photograph of the <a href="/wiki/Israel_Museum" title="Israel Museum">Israel Museum</a>, with the <a href="/wiki/Knesset" title="Knesset">Knesset</a> in the background</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Israel_Supreme_Court.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Supreme Court of Israel, with the Knesset on the background"><img alt="Supreme Court of Israel, with the Knesset on the background" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Israel_Supreme_Court.jpg/170px-Israel_Supreme_Court.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Israel_Supreme_Court.jpg/255px-Israel_Supreme_Court.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Israel_Supreme_Court.jpg/340px-Israel_Supreme_Court.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4217" data-file-height="2767" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Israel" title="Supreme Court of Israel">Supreme Court of Israel</a>, with the <a href="/wiki/Knesset" title="Knesset">Knesset</a> on the background</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hutz.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs, with the Bank of Israel in the background"><img alt="Ministry of Foreign Affairs, with the Bank of Israel in the background" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Hutz.JPG/170px-Hutz.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Hutz.JPG/255px-Hutz.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Hutz.JPG/340px-Hutz.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2288" data-file-height="1712" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Israel)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Israel)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a>, with the <a href="/wiki/Bank_of_Israel" title="Bank of Israel">Bank of Israel</a> in the background</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_knesset_illuminated.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Knesset at Dusk"><img alt="Knesset at Dusk" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/The_knesset_illuminated.jpg/170px-The_knesset_illuminated.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/The_knesset_illuminated.jpg/255px-The_knesset_illuminated.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/The_knesset_illuminated.jpg/340px-The_knesset_illuminated.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4272" data-file-height="2848" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Knesset at Dusk</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 205px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px; height: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:WikiAir_IL-13-06_020_-_Givat_Ram.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Aerial view of Givat Ram"><img alt="Aerial view of Givat Ram" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/WikiAir_IL-13-06_020_-_Givat_Ram.JPG/170px-WikiAir_IL-13-06_020_-_Givat_Ram.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/WikiAir_IL-13-06_020_-_Givat_Ram.JPG/255px-WikiAir_IL-13-06_020_-_Givat_Ram.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/WikiAir_IL-13-06_020_-_Givat_Ram.JPG/340px-WikiAir_IL-13-06_020_-_Givat_Ram.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Aerial view of Givat Ram</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Givat_Ram&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kiryat_HaMemshala" title="Kiryat HaMemshala">Kiryat HaMemshala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Badr_Cemetery" title="Sheikh Badr Cemetery">Sheikh Bader cemetery</a> or Givat Ram cemetery, Jewish Israeli cemetery used between 1948–1951</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Givat_Ram&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Giv%27at_Ram" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Giv'at Ram">Giv'at Ram</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ybz.org.il/?ArticleID=1492">"Yad Ben Zvi website (Hebrew)"</a>. Ybz.org.il<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-01-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Yad+Ben+Zvi+website+%28Hebrew%29&rft.pub=Ybz.org.il&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ybz.org.il%2F%3FArticleID%3D1492&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGivat+Ram" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120222045055/http://www.jerusalem.muni.il/english/sys/tour/vir_tour/show/show_tour.asp?tour_id=115">"Jerusalem Municipality website"</a>. Jerusalem.muni.il. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jerusalem.muni.il/english/sys/tour/vir_tour/show/show_tour.asp?tour_id=115">the original</a> on 2012-02-22<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-01-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Jerusalem+Municipality+website&rft.pub=Jerusalem.muni.il&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jerusalem.muni.il%2Fenglish%2Fsys%2Ftour%2Fvir_tour%2Fshow%2Fshow_tour.asp%3Ftour_id%3D115&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGivat+Ram" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHesse" class="citation web cs1">Hesse, Gilad. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.facebook.com/gilad.hesse/posts/pfbid0vWM2f">"Facebook post"</a>. <i>www.facebook.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-04-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.facebook.com&rft.atitle=Facebook+post&rft.aulast=Hesse&rft.aufirst=Gilad&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.facebook.com%2Fgilad.hesse%2Fposts%2Fpfbid0vWM2f&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGivat+Ram" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.facebook.com/biu.info/posts/pfbid029TAY1Ze1uoxAgxkSqXACRkRFkAnFbyrx7LQurVaCjedVoVGHEVkEw5dFx87ETiQ1l">"אוניברסיטת בר-אילן"</a>. <i>www.facebook.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=archive.is&rft.atitle=Binyanei+Ha%27Uma+-+The+Shelby+White+-+Leon+Levy+Program+for+Archaeolog%E2%80%A6&rft.date=2012-06-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fas.harvard.edu%2F~semitic%2Fwl%2Fpublications%2Fbinyaneihauma.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGivat+Ram" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <figure class="mw-halign-center noresize" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/WikiAir_IL-13-06_020_-_Givat_Ram.JPG/500px-WikiAir_IL-13-06_020_-_Givat_Ram.JPG" decoding="async" width="500" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/WikiAir_IL-13-06_020_-_Givat_Ram.JPG/750px-WikiAir_IL-13-06_020_-_Givat_Ram.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/WikiAir_IL-13-06_020_-_Givat_Ram.JPG/1000px-WikiAir_IL-13-06_020_-_Givat_Ram.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592" usemap="#ImageMap_9d189ada96b88f32" resource="/wiki/File:WikiAir_IL-13-06_020_-_Givat_Ram.JPG" /></span><map name="ImageMap_9d189ada96b88f32"><area href="/wiki/Hebrew_University_Stadium" shape="circle" coords="206,105,35" alt="Hebrew University Stadium" title="Hebrew University Stadium" /><area href="/wiki/Academy_of_the_Hebrew_Language" shape="poly" coords="236,204,234,232,263,244,263,217,246,202" alt="Academy of the Hebrew Language" title="Academy of the Hebrew Language" /><area href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Academy_of_Music_and_Dance" shape="poly" coords="2,143,69,198,6,236,1,237,1,143" alt="Jerusalem Academy of Music and Dance" title="Jerusalem Academy of Music and Dance" /><area href="/wiki/Knesset" shape="poly" coords="304,5,371,33,344,62,256,30" alt="Knesset" title="Knesset" /><area href="/wiki/Monastery_of_the_Cross" shape="rect" coords="477,80,498,102" alt="Monastery of the Cross" title="Monastery of the Cross" /><area href="/wiki/Valley_of_the_Cross" shape="poly" coords="450,32,386,21,343,76,495,145,499,60" alt="Valley of the Cross" title="Valley of the Cross" /><area href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Israel" shape="poly" coords="65,136,78,155,116,141,97,119" alt="National Library of Israel" title="National Library of Israel" /><area href="/wiki/Wohl_Rose_Park" shape="poly" coords="278,0,275,11,251,25,230,25,203,24,189,16,169,4,164,0" alt="Wohl Rose Park" title="Wohl Rose Park" /><area href="/wiki/Shrine_of_the_Book" shape="circle" coords="353,113,5" alt="Shrine of the Book" title="Shrine of the Book" /><area href="/wiki/Holyland_Model_of_Jerusalem" shape="poly" coords="336,114,359,131,349,137,334,131,326,124,327,114" alt="Holyland Model of Jerusalem" title="Holyland Model of Jerusalem" /><area href="/wiki/Bible_Lands_Museum" shape="poly" coords="277,82,279,97,309,100,309,86" alt="Bible Lands Museum" title="Bible Lands Museum" /><area href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Finance_(Israel)" shape="poly" coords="209,34,210,48,225,46,250,38,246,26" alt="Ministry of Finance" title="Ministry of Finance" /><area href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Interior_(Israel)" shape="poly" coords="192,19,194,31,158,40,156,27" alt="Ministry of Interior" title="Ministry of Interior" /><area href="/wiki/Bank_of_Israel" shape="poly" coords="142,2,112,11,106,1,138,0" alt="Bank of Israel" title="Bank of Israel" /><area href="/wiki/Hebrew_University_Secondary_School" shape="poly" coords="49,24,42,57,4,70,25,25" alt="Hebrew University Secondary School" title="Hebrew University Secondary School" /><area href="/wiki/American_Jewish_Joint_Distribution_Committee" shape="poly" coords="53,35,51,53,80,48,83,33" alt="American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee" title="American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee" /><area href="/wiki/Bloomfield_Science_Museum" shape="poly" coords="147,43,141,56,175,64,184,48" alt="Bloomfield Science Museum" title="Bloomfield Science Museum" /><area href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Botanical_Gardens" shape="poly" coords="268,148,476,329,412,329,329,234,319,232,254,147" alt="Jerusalem Botanical Gardens" title="Jerusalem Botanical Gardens" /><area href="/wiki/The_Racah_Institute_of_Physics" shape="poly" coords="33,132,38,141,59,131,56,121" alt="The Racah Institute of Physics" title="The Racah Institute of Physics" /><area href="/wiki/Kiryat_HaMemshala" shape="poly" coords="70,1,61,20,102,29,224,51,289,56,326,66,346,68,369,68,388,65,405,61,403,51,301,0" alt="Kiryat HaMemshala" title="Kiryat HaMemshala" /><area href="/wiki/Hebrew_University_of_Jerusalem" shape="poly" coords="3,75,93,50,244,94,262,142,477,330,69,329" alt="Hebrew University of Jerusalem" title="Hebrew University of Jerusalem" /><area href="/wiki/Israel_Museum" shape="poly" coords="362,84,481,148,479,177,432,193,347,153,319,129,315,89,340,83,342,79" alt="Israel Museum" title="Israel Museum" /></map><figcaption>Aerial view of Givat Ram, August 2013. 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.navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Neighborhoods_of_Jerusalem" title="Template:Neighborhoods of Jerusalem"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Neighborhoods_of_Jerusalem" title="Template talk:Neighborhoods of Jerusalem"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Neighborhoods_of_Jerusalem" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Neighborhoods of Jerusalem"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Neighborhoods_of_Jerusalem" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Neighborhoods of <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Jerusalem neighborhoods in <a href="/wiki/East_Jerusalem" title="East Jerusalem">East Jerusalem</a> are depicted in <span class="tmp-color" style="color:#228B22">green</span>, those in <a href="/wiki/West_Jerusalem" title="West Jerusalem">West Jerusalem</a> in <span class="tmp-color" style="color:blue">blue</span> (see <a href="/wiki/Green_Line_(Israel)" title="Green Line (Israel)">Green Line</a>).</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Old_City_(Jerusalem)" class="mw-redirect" title="Old City (Jerusalem)">Old City</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Quarter" title="Armenian Quarter"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#228B22">Armenian Quarter</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Quarter" title="Christian Quarter"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#228B22">Christian Quarter</span></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Muristan" title="Muristan"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#228B22">Muristan</span></a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Quarter_(Jerusalem)" title="Jewish Quarter (Jerusalem)"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#228B22">Jewish Quarter</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslim_Quarter_(Jerusalem)" title="Muslim Quarter (Jerusalem)"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#228B22">Muslim Quarter</span></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bab_Hutta" title="Bab Hutta"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#228B22">Bab al-Huta</span></a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Central</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arzei_HaBira" title="Arzei HaBira">Arzei HaBira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batei_Ungarin" title="Batei Ungarin">Batei Ungarin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beit_David" title="Beit David">Beit David</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beit_Ya%27akov,_Jerusalem" title="Beit Ya'akov, Jerusalem">Beit Ya'akov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beit_Yisrael" title="Beit Yisrael">Beit Yisrael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bukharan_Quarter" title="Bukharan Quarter">Bukharim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Downtown_Triangle_(Jerusalem)" title="Downtown Triangle (Jerusalem)">Downtown Triangle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geula" title="Geula">Geula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rassco_(neighborhood)" title="Rassco (neighborhood)">Givat HaVradim</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Givat Ram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_Gateway" title="Jerusalem Gateway">Jerusalem Gateway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katamon" title="Katamon">Katamon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerem_Avraham" title="Kerem Avraham">Kerem Avraham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiryat_HaLeom" title="Kiryat HaLeom">Kiryat HaLeom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiryat_HaMemshala" title="Kiryat HaMemshala">Kiryat HaMemshala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiryat_Shmuel,_Jerusalem" title="Kiryat Shmuel, Jerusalem">Kiryat Shmuel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiryat_Shomrei_Emunim" title="Kiryat Shomrei Emunim">Kiryat Shomrei Emunim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiryat_Wolfson" title="Kiryat Wolfson">Kiryat Wolfson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahane_Israel" title="Mahane Israel">Mahane Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahane_Yehuda_Market" title="Mahane Yehuda Market">Mahane Yehuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mea_Shearim" title="Mea Shearim">Mea Shearim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mekor_Baruch" title="Mekor Baruch">Mekor Baruch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Zion" title="Mount Zion">Mount Zion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musrara" title="Musrara">Musrara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nahalat_Shiv%27a" title="Nahalat Shiv'a">Nahalat Shiv'a</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nachlaot" title="Nachlaot">Nachlaot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nayot" title="Nayot">Nayot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neve_Granot" title="Neve Granot">Neve Granot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neve_Sha%27anan,_Jerusalem" title="Neve Sha'anan, Jerusalem">Neve Sha'anan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rehavia" title="Rehavia">Rehavia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romema" title="Romema">Romema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Compound" title="Russian Compound">Russian Compound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sha%27arei_Hesed" title="Sha'arei Hesed">Sha'arei Hesed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shmuel_HaNavi_(neighborhood)" title="Shmuel HaNavi (neighborhood)">Shmuel HaNavi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talbiya" title="Talbiya">Talbiya (Komemiyut)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemin_Moshe" title="Yemin Moshe">Yemin Moshe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zikhron_Moshe" title="Zikhron Moshe">Zikhron Moshe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Northern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Ram" title="Al-Ram"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#228B22">Al-Ram</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beit_Hanina" title="Beit Hanina"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#228B22">Beit Hanina</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Ram" title="Al-Ram"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#228B22">Dahiyat al–Barid</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezrat_Torah" title="Ezrat Torah">Ezrat Torah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Hill_(settlement)" title="French Hill (settlement)"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#228B22">French Hill</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Givat_HaMivtar" title="Givat HaMivtar"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#228B22">Givat HaMivtar</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Givat_Moshe" title="Givat Moshe">Givat Moshe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Har_Hotzvim" title="Har Hotzvim">Har Hotzvim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kafr_%27Aqab" title="Kafr 'Aqab"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#228B22">Kafr 'Aqab</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiryat_Belz" class="mw-redirect" title="Kiryat Belz">Kiryat Belz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiryat_Itri" title="Kiryat Itri">Kiryat Itri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiryat_Mattersdorf" title="Kiryat Mattersdorf">Kiryat Mattersdorf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiryat_Sanz,_Jerusalem" title="Kiryat Sanz, Jerusalem">Kiryat Sanz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma%27alot_Dafna" title="Ma'alot Dafna"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#228B22">Ma'alot Dafna</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Scopus" title="Mount Scopus">Mount Scopus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neve_Yaakov" title="Neve Yaakov"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#228B22">Neve Yaakov</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pisgat_Ze%27ev" title="Pisgat Ze'ev"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#228B22">Pisgat Ze'ev</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramat_Eshkol" title="Ramat Eshkol"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#228B22">Ramat Eshkol</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramat_Shlomo" title="Ramat Shlomo"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#228B22">Ramat Shlomo</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramot,_Jerusalem" class="mw-redirect" title="Ramot, Jerusalem"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#228B22">Ramot</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramot_Polin" title="Ramot Polin"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#228B22">Ramot Polin</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanhedria" title="Sanhedria">Sanhedria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanhedria_Murhevet" title="Sanhedria Murhevet">Sanhedria Murhevet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shikun_Chabad" title="Shikun Chabad">Shikun Chabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shuafat" title="Shuafat"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#228B22">Shuafat</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tel_Arza" title="Tel Arza">Tel Arza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiryat_Unsdorf" title="Kiryat Unsdorf">Unsdorf</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Eastern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arab_al-Jahalin" class="mw-redirect" title="Arab al-Jahalin"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#228B22">Arab al–Jahalin</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Colony,_Jerusalem" title="American Colony, Jerusalem"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#228B22">American Colony</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Garden_(Jerusalem)" class="mw-redirect" title="King's Garden (Jerusalem)"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#228B22">Al Bustan</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Issawiya" title="Issawiya"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#228B22">Al-Issawiya</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/At-Tur_(Mount_of_Olives)" class="mw-redirect" title="At-Tur (Mount of Olives)"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#228B22">At-Tur</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bab_a-Zahara" class="mw-redirect" title="Bab a-Zahara"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#228B22">Bab a-Zahara</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bethany" title="Bethany"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#228B22">Bethany</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_David_(Silwan)" class="mw-redirect" title="City of David (Silwan)"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#228B22">Ir David</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jabel_Mukaber" title="Jabel Mukaber"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#228B22">Jabel Mukaber</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiryat_Menachem_Begin" title="Kiryat Menachem Begin"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#228B22">Kiryat Menachem Begin</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma%27ale_HaZeitim" title="Ma'ale HaZeitim"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#228B22">Ma'ale HaZeitim</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nahalat_Shimon" title="Nahalat Shimon"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#228B22">Nahalat Shimon</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nof_Zion" title="Nof Zion"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#228B22">Nof Zion</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ras_al-Amud" title="Ras al-Amud"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#228B22">Ras al-Amud</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Jarrah" title="Sheikh Jarrah"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#228B22">Sheikh Jarrah</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shimon_HaTzadik" title="Shimon HaTzadik"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#228B22">Shimon HaTzadik</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silwan" title="Silwan"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#228B22">Silwan</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wadi_al-Joz" title="Wadi al-Joz"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#228B22">Wadi al-Joz</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Southern</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Tor" title="Abu Tor">Abu Tor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnona" title="Arnona">Arnona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baka,_Jerusalem" title="Baka, Jerusalem">Baka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beit_Safafa" title="Beit Safafa"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#228B22">Beit Safafa</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Talpiot" title="East Talpiot"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#228B22">East Talpiot</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Colony,_Jerusalem" title="German Colony, Jerusalem">German Colony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilo" title="Gilo"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#228B22">Gilo</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Givat_HaMatos" title="Givat HaMatos"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#228B22">Givat HaMatos</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Givat_Oranim" title="Givat Oranim">Givat Oranim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Givat_Massuah" title="Givat Massuah">Givat Massuah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Colony,_Jerusalem" title="Greek Colony, Jerusalem">Greek colony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Har_Homa" title="Har Homa"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#228B22">Har Homa</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katamon#Katamonim" title="Katamon">Katamonim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malha" title="Malha">Malha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mekor_Chaim" title="Mekor Chaim">Mekor Chaim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pat,_Jerusalem" title="Pat, Jerusalem">Pat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramat_Rachel" title="Ramat Rachel">Ramat Rachel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katamon#Katamonim" title="Katamon">San Simon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharafat,_East_Jerusalem" title="Sharafat, East Jerusalem"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#228B22">Sharafat</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sur_Baher" title="Sur Baher"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#228B22">Sur Baher</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talpiot" title="Talpiot">Talpiot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umm_Tuba" title="Umm Tuba"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#228B22">Umm Tuba</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Western</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bayit_VeGan" title="Bayit VeGan">Bayit VeGan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beit_HaKerem,_Jerusalem" title="Beit HaKerem, Jerusalem">Beit HaKerem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ein_Karem" title="Ein Karem">Ein Karem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Givat_Beit_HaKerem" title="Givat Beit HaKerem">Givat Beit HaKerem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Givat_Shaul" title="Givat Shaul">Givat Shaul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Givat_Mordechai" title="Givat Mordechai">Givat Mordechai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Har_Nof" title="Har Nof">Har Nof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ir_Ganim" title="Ir Ganim">Ir Ganim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiryat_HaYovel" title="Kiryat HaYovel">Kiryat HaYovel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiryat_Menachem" title="Kiryat Menachem">Kiryat Menachem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiryat_Moshe" title="Kiryat Moshe">Kiryat Moshe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motza" title="Motza">Motza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramat_Beit_HaKerem" title="Ramat Beit HaKerem">Ramat Beit HaKerem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramat_Denya" title="Ramat Denya">Ramat Denya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramat_Sharett" title="Ramat Sharett">Ramat Sharett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yefeh_Nof" title="Yefeh Nof">Yefeh Nof</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atarot" title="Atarot"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#228B22">Atarot</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batei_Munkacs" title="Batei Munkacs">Batei Munkacs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batei_Saidoff" title="Batei Saidoff">Batei Saidoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Even_Yisrael_(neighborhood)" title="Even Yisrael (neighborhood)">Even Yisrael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezrat_Yisrael" title="Ezrat Yisrael">Ezrat Yisrael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirya_Ne%27emana" title="Kirya Ne'emana"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#228B22">Kirya Ne'emana</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knesset_Yisrael" title="Knesset Yisrael">Knesset Yisrael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lifta" title="Lifta">Lifta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahane_Yehuda_(neighborhood)" title="Mahane Yehuda (neighborhood)">Mahane Yehuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mamilla" title="Mamilla">Mamilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazkeret_Moshe" title="Mazkeret Moshe">Mazkeret Moshe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mishkenot_Sha%27ananim" title="Mishkenot Sha'ananim">Mishkenot Sha'ananim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mughrabi_Quarter" title="Mughrabi Quarter"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#228B22">Mughrabi Quarter</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohel_Shlomo" title="Ohel Shlomo">Ohel Shlomo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sha%27arei_Yerushalayim" title="Sha'arei Yerushalayim">Sha'arei Yerushalayim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Badr,_Jerusalem" title="Sheikh Badr, Jerusalem">Sheikh Badr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zikhron_Tuvya" title="Zikhron Tuvya">Zikhron Tuvya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zikhron_Yosef" title="Zikhron Yosef">Zikhron Yosef</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li>See also: <a href="/wiki/Courtyard_neighborhood" title="Courtyard neighborhood">Courtyard neighborhood</a> • <a href="/wiki/Ring_Neighborhoods,_Jerusalem" class="mw-redirect" title="Ring Neighborhoods, Jerusalem">Ring Neighborhoods</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Givat_Ram&params=31.78_N_35.20_E_scale:20000"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">31°47′N</span> <span class="longitude">35°12′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">31.78°N 35.20°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">31.78; 35.20</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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