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</div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-AAAS_references" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#AAAS_references"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>AAAS references</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-AAAS_references-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><i>Science</i> (journal)</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 57 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-57" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">57 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%B3" title="ساينس – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ساينس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Science" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8_(%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%80)" title="সায়েন্স (বিজ্ঞান সাময়িকী) – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সায়েন্স (বিজ্ঞান সাময়িকী)" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Science" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%8A%D0%BD%D1%81_(%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5)" title="Сайънс (списание) – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Сайънс (списание)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Science" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Science" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Science" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Science" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Science" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Science" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Science" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Science" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Science" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%B3_(%D9%85%D8%AC%D9%84%D9%87)" title="ساینس (مجله) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ساینس (مجله)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_(revue)" title="Science (revue) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Science (revue)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Science" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%82%AC%EC%9D%B4%EC%96%B8%EC%8A%A4" title="사이언스 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="사이언스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_(%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%BD%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%AB%D6%80)" title="Science (ամսագիր) – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Science (ամսագիր)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B8_(%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE)" title="साइंस (पत्रिका) – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="साइंस (पत्रिका)" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_(znanstveni_%C4%8Dasopis)" title="Science (znanstveni časopis) – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Science (znanstveni časopis)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Science" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Science" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Science" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="Science" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_(%E1%83%9F%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98)" title="Science (ჟურნალი) – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="Science (ჟურნალი)" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Science" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Science" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Science" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Science" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_(gazetiboky)" title="Science (gazetiboky) – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Science (gazetiboky)" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_(jurnal)" title="Science (jurnal) – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Science (jurnal)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Science" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B5%E3%82%A4%E3%82%A8%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B9" title="サイエンス – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="サイエンス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Science" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%B3_(%D9%85%DB%8C%DA%AF%D8%B2%DB%8C%D9%86)" title="سائینس (میگزین) – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سائینس (میگزین)" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Science" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Science" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Science" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Science" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_(jurnal)" title="Science (jurnal) – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Science (jurnal)" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revista_Science" title="Revista Science – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Revista Science" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_(journal)" title="Science (journal) – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Science (journal)" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Science" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Science" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%AA_(%DA%AF%DB%86%DA%A4%D8%A7%D8%B1)" title="زانست (گۆڤار) – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="زانست (گۆڤار)" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_(%C4%8Dasopis)" title="Science (časopis) – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Science (časopis)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_(%C4%8Dasopis)" title="Science (časopis) – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Science (časopis)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Science" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Science" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%8B%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%8B%E0%B9%8C" title="ไซเอินซ์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ไซเอินซ์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Science" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Science" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Science" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science" title="Science – 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.hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Science Magazine" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Science_Magazine_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Science Magazine (disambiguation)">Science Magazine (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Academic journal</div><div class="infobox-journal-search" style="display:none;"></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox hproduct"><caption class="infobox-title" style="font-size:125%;"><i><span class="fn">Science</span></i><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.stitle=Science&rft.coden=SCIEAS&rft.issn=0036-8075&rft.eissn=1095-9203&rft_id=info:lccn/17024346&rft_id=info:oclcnum/1644869&rft_id=https://www.jstor.org/journals/00368075#id-name=JSTOR&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.science.org%2Fjournal%2Fscience"></span></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Science_Vol._1_(1880).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Science_Vol._1_%281880%29.jpg/250px-Science_Vol._1_%281880%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="342" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Science_Vol._1_%281880%29.jpg/375px-Science_Vol._1_%281880%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Science_Vol._1_%281880%29.jpg/500px-Science_Vol._1_%281880%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1886" data-file-height="2580" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Title page of the first volume of the first series (discontinued 1882)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_academic_disciplines" title="Outline of academic disciplines">Discipline</a></th><td class="infobox-data category" style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Interdisciplinarity" title="Interdisciplinarity">Multidisciplinary</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Language</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;">English</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Editor-in-chief" title="Editor-in-chief">Edited</a> by</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Holden_Thorp" title="Holden Thorp">Holden Thorp</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;">Publication details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">History</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;">1880–present</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Academic_publishing" title="Academic publishing">Publisher</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/American_Association_for_the_Advancement_of_Science" title="American Association for the Advancement of Science">American Association for the Advancement of Science</a> (United States)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Periodical_literature#Frequency" title="Periodical literature">Frequency</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;">Weekly</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Open_access" title="Open access">Open access</a></span></div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Delayed_open-access_journal" title="Delayed open-access journal">Delayed</a><sup id="cite_ref-delayed_oa_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-delayed_oa-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>A 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Impact_factor" title="Impact factor">Impact factor</a></span></div></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;">44.7 (2023)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;">Standard abbreviations<br /><span class="infobox-journal-search plainlinks" style="display:none;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://marcinwrochna.github.io/abbrevIso/?search=Science">ISO 4</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.issn.org/services/online-services/access-to-the-ltwa/">alt</a>) <b>·</b> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Academic_Journals/Bluebook_journals" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Academic Journals/Bluebook journals">Bluebook</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://westerncriminology.org/publications/bluebook-abbreviations/">alt</a>)<br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=0036-8075%5BISSN%5D">NLM</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=Science%5BJournal%5D">alt</a>) <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/msnhtml/serials.pdf">MathSciNet</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/search/journals.html?journalName=0036-8075&Submit=Search">alt</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Paid subscription required"><img alt="Paid subscription required" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png" 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href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:0036-8075">0036-8075</a></span> (print)<br /><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/search?fq=x0:jrnl&q=n2:1095-9203">1095-9203</a> (web)<br /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="type"><a href="/wiki/LCCN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="LCCN (identifier)">LCCN</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lccn.loc.gov/17024346">17024346</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="type"><a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a></span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/journals/00368075">00368075</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="type"><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> no.</span></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:left;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1644869">1644869</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#dfc;">Links</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.science.org/journal/science">Journal homepage</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.science.org/toc/science/current">Online access</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.science.org/loi/science">Online archives</a></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i><b>Science</b></i> is the <a href="/wiki/Peer_review" title="Peer review">peer-reviewed</a> <a href="/wiki/Academic_journal" title="Academic journal">academic journal</a> of the <a href="/wiki/American_Association_for_the_Advancement_of_Science" title="American Association for the Advancement of Science">American Association for the Advancement of Science</a><sup id="cite_ref-2007_PR_Communication_and_Humanities_Award_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2007_PR_Communication_and_Humanities_Award-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>A 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (AAAS) and one of the world's top academic journals.<sup id="cite_ref-Lemonick_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lemonick-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was first published in 1880, is currently circulated weekly and has a subscriber base of around 130,000. Because institutional subscriptions and online access serve a larger audience, its estimated readership is over 400,000 people.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>Science</i> is based in Washington, D.C., United States, with a second office in <a href="/wiki/Cambridge" title="Cambridge">Cambridge</a>, UK. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Contents">Contents</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Science_(journal)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Contents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The major focus of the journal is publishing important original scientific research and research reviews, but <i>Science</i> also publishes science-related news, opinions on <a href="/wiki/Science_policy" title="Science policy">science policy</a> and other matters of interest to scientists and others who are concerned with the wide implications of science and technology. Unlike most <a href="/wiki/Scientific_journals" class="mw-redirect" title="Scientific journals">scientific journals</a>, which focus on a specific field, <i>Science</i> and its rival <i><a href="/wiki/Nature_(journal)" title="Nature (journal)">Nature</a></i> cover the full range of <a href="/wiki/List_of_academic_disciplines#Natural_sciences" class="mw-redirect" title="List of academic disciplines">scientific disciplines</a>. According to the <i><a href="/wiki/Journal_Citation_Reports" title="Journal Citation Reports">Journal Citation Reports</a></i>, <i>Science</i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s 2023 <a href="/wiki/Impact_factor" title="Impact factor">impact factor</a> was 44.7.<sup id="cite_ref-WoS_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WoS-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Studies of methodological quality and reliability have found that some high-prestige journals including <i>Science</i> "publish significantly substandard structures", and overall "reliability of published research works in several fields may be decreasing with increasing journal rank".<sup id="cite_ref-Brembs2018_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brembs2018-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although it is the journal of the AAAS, membership in the AAAS is not required to publish in <i>Science</i>. Papers are accepted from authors around the world. Competition to publish in <i>Science</i> is very intense, as an article published in such a highly cited journal can lead to attention and career advancement for the authors. Fewer than 7% of articles submitted are accepted for publication.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Science_(journal)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Science,_vol._1,_1883,_title_page.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Title page of the first volume of the resurrected journal (February–June 1883)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Science%2C_vol._1%2C_1883%2C_title_page.png/220px-Science%2C_vol._1%2C_1883%2C_title_page.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="307" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Science%2C_vol._1%2C_1883%2C_title_page.png/330px-Science%2C_vol._1%2C_1883%2C_title_page.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Science%2C_vol._1%2C_1883%2C_title_page.png/440px-Science%2C_vol._1%2C_1883%2C_title_page.png 2x" data-file-width="1020" data-file-height="1425" /></a><figcaption>Title page of the first volume of the resurrected journal (February–June 1883)</figcaption></figure> <p><i>Science</i> was founded by New York journalist John Michels in 1880 with financial support from <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Edison" title="Thomas Edison">Thomas Edison</a> and later from <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Graham_Bell" title="Alexander Graham Bell">Alexander Graham Bell</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (Edison received favorable editorial treatment in return, without disclosure of the financial relationship, at a time when his reputation was suffering due to delays producing the promised commercially viable light bulb.)<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the journal never gained enough subscribers to succeed and ended publication in March 1882. Alexander Graham Bell and Gardiner Greene Hubbard bought the magazine rights and hired young entomologist <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Hubbard_Scudder" title="Samuel Hubbard Scudder">Samuel H. Scudder</a> to resurrect the journal one year later. They had some success while covering the meetings of prominent American scientific societies, including the AAAS.<sup id="cite_ref-AAAS_1848_1899_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AAAS_1848_1899-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>A 3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, by 1894, <i>Science</i> was again in financial difficulty and was sold to psychologist <a href="/wiki/James_McKeen_Cattell" title="James McKeen Cattell">James McKeen Cattell</a> for <span style="white-space: nowrap">$500</span> (equivalent to $17,610 in 2023).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In an agreement worked out by Cattell and AAAS secretary <a href="/wiki/Leland_Ossian_Howard" title="Leland Ossian Howard">Leland O. Howard</a>, <i>Science</i> became the journal of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 1900.<sup id="cite_ref-AAAS_1900_1940_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AAAS_1900_1940-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>A 4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the early part of the 20th century, important articles published in <i>Science</i> included papers on <a href="/wiki/Drosophila_melanogaster" title="Drosophila melanogaster">fruit fly</a> <a href="/wiki/Genetics" title="Genetics">genetics</a> by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hunt_Morgan" title="Thomas Hunt Morgan">Thomas Hunt Morgan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gravitational_lens" title="Gravitational lens">gravitational lensing</a> by <a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein" title="Albert Einstein">Albert Einstein</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Spiral_nebulae" class="mw-redirect" title="Spiral nebulae">spiral nebulae</a> by <a href="/wiki/Edwin_Hubble" title="Edwin Hubble">Edwin Hubble</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-AAAS_1900_1940_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AAAS_1900_1940-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>A 4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After Cattell died in 1944, the ownership of the journal was transferred to the AAAS.<sup id="cite_ref-150_Years_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-150_Years-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>A 5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After Cattell's death in 1944, the journal lacked a consistent editorial presence until Graham DuShane became editor in 1956. In 1958, under DuShane's leadership, <i>Science</i> absorbed <i><a href="/wiki/The_Scientific_Monthly" title="The Scientific Monthly">The Scientific Monthly</a></i>, thus increasing the journal's circulation by over <span data-sort-value="7001622950819672131♠" style="display:none"></span>62% from 38,000 to more than 61,000.<sup id="cite_ref-maturing3_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-maturing3-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>A 6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Physicist <a href="/wiki/Philip_Abelson" title="Philip Abelson">Philip Abelson</a>, a co-discoverer of <a href="/wiki/Neptunium" title="Neptunium">neptunium</a>, served as editor from 1962 to 1984. Under Abelson the efficiency of the review process was improved and the publication practices were brought up to date.<sup id="cite_ref-maturing3_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-maturing3-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>A 6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During this time, papers on the <a href="/wiki/Apollo_program" title="Apollo program">Apollo program</a> missions and some of the earliest reports on AIDS were published.<sup id="cite_ref-change3_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-change3-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>A 7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Biochemist <a href="/wiki/Daniel_E._Koshland_Jr." title="Daniel E. Koshland Jr.">Daniel E. Koshland Jr.</a> served as editor from 1985 until 1995. From 1995 until 2000, neuroscientist <a href="/wiki/Floyd_E._Bloom" title="Floyd E. Bloom">Floyd E. Bloom</a> held that position.<sup id="cite_ref-change3_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-change3-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>A 7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Biologist <a href="/wiki/Donald_Kennedy" title="Donald Kennedy">Donald Kennedy</a> became the editor of <i>Science</i> in 2000. Biochemist <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Alberts" title="Bruce Alberts">Bruce Alberts</a> took his place in March 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Geophysicist <a href="/wiki/Marcia_McNutt" title="Marcia McNutt">Marcia McNutt</a> became editor-in-chief in June 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During her tenure the family of journals expanded to include <i>Science Robotics</i> and <i>Science Immunology</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Open_access" title="Open access">open access</a> publishing with <i><a href="/wiki/Science_Advances" title="Science Advances">Science Advances</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Jeremy_M._Berg" title="Jeremy M. Berg">Jeremy M. Berg</a> became editor-in-chief on July 1, 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Former <a href="/wiki/Washington_University_in_St._Louis" title="Washington University in St. Louis">Washington University in St. Louis</a> Provost <a href="/wiki/Holden_Thorp" title="Holden Thorp">Holden Thorp</a> was named editor-in-chief on Monday, August 19, 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In February 2001, draft results of the <a href="/wiki/Human_genome" title="Human genome">human genome</a> were simultaneously published by <i>Nature</i> and <i>Science</i> with <i>Science</i> publishing the <a href="/wiki/Celera_Corporation" title="Celera Corporation">Celera Genomics</a> paper and <i>Nature</i> publishing the publicly funded <a href="/wiki/Human_Genome_Project" title="Human Genome Project">Human Genome Project</a>. In 2007, <i>Science </i>(together with <a href="/wiki/Nature_(journal)" title="Nature (journal)"><i>Nature</i></a>) received the <a href="/wiki/Prince_of_Asturias_Awards" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince of Asturias Awards">Prince of Asturias Award</a> for Communications and Humanity.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2015, <a href="/wiki/Rush_Holt_Jr." title="Rush Holt Jr.">Rush D. Holt Jr.</a>, chief executive officer of the AAAS and executive publisher of <i>Science</i>, stated that the journal was becoming increasingly international: "[I]nternationally co-authored papers are now the norm—they represent almost 60 percent of the papers. In 1992, it was slightly less than 20 percent."<sup id="cite_ref-Science_and_Diplomacy._25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Science_and_Diplomacy.-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Availability">Availability</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Science_(journal)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Availability"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Nova_ScienceNow" title="Nova ScienceNow">Nova ScienceNow</a></div> <p>The latest editions of the journal are available online, through the main journal website, only to subscribers, AAAS members, and for delivery to <a href="/wiki/IP_address" title="IP address">IP addresses</a> at institutions that subscribe; students, K–12 teachers, and some others can subscribe at a reduced fee. However, research articles published after 1997 are available for free (with online registration) one year after they are published i.e. <a href="/wiki/Delayed_open_access" class="mw-redirect" title="Delayed open access">delayed open access</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-delayed_oa_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-delayed_oa-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>A 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Significant public-health related articles are also available for free, sometimes immediately after publication. AAAS members may also access the pre-1997 Science archives at the <i>Science</i> website, where it is called "Science Classic". Institutions can opt to add Science Classic to their subscriptions for an additional fee. Some older articles can also be accessed via <a href="/wiki/JSTOR" title="JSTOR">JSTOR</a> and <a href="/wiki/ProQuest" title="ProQuest">ProQuest</a>. </p><p>The journal also participates in initiatives that provide free or low-cost access to readers in developing countries, including <a href="/wiki/HINARI" title="HINARI">HINARI</a>, OARE, <a href="/wiki/AGORA" title="AGORA">AGORA</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Scidev.net" class="mw-redirect" title="Scidev.net">Scidev.net</a>. </p><p>Other features of the <i>Science</i> website include the free "<b>ScienceNow</b>" section with "up to the minute news from science",<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and "<b>ScienceCareers</b>", which provides free career resources for scientists and engineers. <i><b>Science Express</b></i> (<b>Sciencexpress</b>) provides advance electronic publication of selected <i>Science</i> papers.<sup id="cite_ref-Science_Express_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Science_Express-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Affiliations">Affiliations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Science_(journal)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Affiliations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Science</i> received funding for <a href="/wiki/COVID-19" title="COVID-19">COVID-19</a>-related coverage from the <a href="/wiki/Pulitzer_Center" title="Pulitzer Center">Pulitzer Center</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Heising-Simons_Foundation" title="Heising-Simons Foundation">Heising-Simons Foundation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Science_(journal)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 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screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100525043718/http://www.aaas.org/publications/annual_report/2000/science.html">"AAAS Annual Report-Science"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=150+Years+of+Advancing+Science%3A+A+History+of+AAAS+%281848%E2%80%931998%29&rft.pub=American+Association+for+the+Advancement+of+Science&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aaas.org%2Farchives%2F150-years-advancing-science-history-aaas-1848-1998&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScience+%28journal%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-maturing3-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-maturing3_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-maturing3_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aaas.org/archives/aaas-and-maturing-american-science-1941-1970">"AAAS and the Maturing of American Science: 1941–1970"</a>. <a href="/wiki/American_Association_for_the_Advancement_of_Science" title="American Association for the Advancement of Science">American Association for the Advancement of Science</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201201062836/https://www.aaas.org/archives/aaas-and-maturing-american-science-1941-1970">Archived</a> from the original on 1 December 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=AAAS+and+the+Maturing+of+American+Science%3A+1941%E2%80%931970&rft.pub=American+Association+for+the+Advancement+of+Science&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aaas.org%2Farchives%2Faaas-and-maturing-american-science-1941-1970&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScience+%28journal%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-change3-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-change3_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-change3_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aaas.org/archives/change-and-continuity-1971-1998">"Change and Continuity: 1971–1998"</a>. <a href="/wiki/American_Association_for_the_Advancement_of_Science" title="American Association for the Advancement of Science">American Association for the Advancement of Science</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200428231351/https://www.aaas.org/archives/change-and-continuity-1971-1998">Archived</a> from the original on 28 April 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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href="/wiki/Template:Breakthrough_of_the_Year" title="Template:Breakthrough of the Year"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Breakthrough_of_the_Year" title="Template talk:Breakthrough of the Year"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Breakthrough_of_the_Year" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Breakthrough of the Year"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Science_Breakthroughs_of_the_Year" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Breakthrough_of_the_Year" title="Breakthrough of the Year"><i>Science</i> Breakthroughs of the Year</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align:center;;width:1%"><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Science</a></i><br />journal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">1996: <a href="/wiki/HIV" title="HIV">HIV</a> understanding</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1997: <a href="/wiki/Dolly_(sheep)" title="Dolly (sheep)">Dolly the sheep</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1998: <a href="/wiki/Accelerating_expansion_of_the_universe" title="Accelerating expansion of the universe">Accelerating universe</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1999: <a href="/wiki/Stem_cell" title="Stem cell">Stem cell</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2000: <a href="/wiki/Whole_genome_sequencing" title="Whole genome sequencing">Whole genome sequencing</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2001: <a href="/wiki/Nanocircuitry" title="Nanocircuitry">Nanocircuits</a> or <a href="/wiki/Molecular_scale_electronics" title="Molecular scale electronics">Molecular circuit</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2002: <a href="/wiki/RNA_interference" title="RNA interference">RNA interference</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2003: <a href="/wiki/Dark_energy" title="Dark energy">Dark energy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2004: <a href="/wiki/Spirit_(rover)" title="Spirit (rover)"><i>Spirit</i> rover</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2005: <a href="/wiki/Evolution" title="Evolution">Evolution</a> in action</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2006: <a href="/wiki/Poincar%C3%A9_conjecture" title="Poincaré conjecture">Poincaré conjecture</a> proof</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2007: <a href="/wiki/Human_genetic_variation" title="Human genetic variation">Human genetic variation</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2008: <a href="/wiki/Induced_pluripotent_stem_cell" title="Induced pluripotent stem cell">Cellular reprogramming</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2009: <i><a href="/wiki/Ardipithecus_ramidus" title="Ardipithecus ramidus">Ardipithecus ramidus</a></i></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2010: First <a href="/wiki/Quantum_machine" title="Quantum machine">quantum machine</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2011: <a href="/wiki/HPTN_052" title="HPTN 052">HPTN 052</a> clinical trial</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2012: <a href="/wiki/Higgs_boson" title="Higgs boson">Higgs boson</a> discovery</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2013: <a href="/wiki/Cancer_immunotherapy" title="Cancer immunotherapy">Cancer immunotherapy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2014: <a href="/wiki/Rosetta_(spacecraft)" title="Rosetta (spacecraft)"><i>Rosetta</i> comet mission</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2015: <a href="/wiki/CRISPR_gene_editing" title="CRISPR gene editing">CRISPR genome-editing method</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2016: <a href="/wiki/First_observation_of_gravitational_waves" title="First observation of gravitational waves">First observation</a> of <a href="/wiki/Gravitational_wave" title="Gravitational wave">gravitational waves</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2017: <a href="/wiki/GW170817" title="GW170817">GW170817</a> (<a href="/wiki/Neutron_star_merger" title="Neutron star merger">neutron star merger</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2018: <a href="/wiki/Single-cell_sequencing" title="Single-cell sequencing">Single-cell sequencing</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2019: A <a href="/wiki/Black_hole" title="Black hole">black hole</a> <a href="/wiki/Messier_87" title="Messier 87">made visible</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2020: <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_vaccine" title="COVID-19 vaccine">COVID-19 vaccines</a> developed at record speed</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2021: <a href="/wiki/AlphaFold" title="AlphaFold">AI</a> brings <a href="/wiki/Protein_structure_prediction" title="Protein structure prediction">protein structures</a> to all</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2022: <a href="/wiki/James_Webb_Space_Telescope" title="James Webb Space Telescope">James Webb Space Telescope</a> debut</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2023: <a href="/wiki/GLP-1_receptor_agonist" title="GLP-1 receptor agonist">GLP-1 Drugs</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Laureates_of_the_Prince_or_Princess_of_Asturias_Award_for_Communication_and_Humanities" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#99d6ff;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Princess_of_Asturias_Award_for_Communication_and_Humanities" title="Template:Princess of Asturias Award for Communication and Humanities"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Princess_of_Asturias_Award_for_Communication_and_Humanities" title="Template talk:Princess of Asturias Award for Communication and Humanities"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Princess_of_Asturias_Award_for_Communication_and_Humanities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Princess of Asturias Award for Communication and Humanities"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Laureates_of_the_Prince_or_Princess_of_Asturias_Award_for_Communication_and_Humanities" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Laureates of the <a href="/wiki/Princess_of_Asturias_Awards" title="Princess of Asturias Awards">Prince or Princess of Asturias Award</a> for Communication and Humanities</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#addeff;"><div id="Prince_of_Asturias_Award_for_Communication_and_Humanities" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Prince of Asturias Award for Communication and Humanities</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1981: <a href="/wiki/Mar%C3%ADa_Zambrano" title="María Zambrano">María Zambrano</a></li> <li>1982: <a href="/wiki/Mario_Bunge" title="Mario Bunge">Mario Bunge</a></li> <li>1983: <i><a href="/wiki/El_Pa%C3%ADs" title="El País">El País</a></i> newspaper</li> <li>1984: <a href="/wiki/Claudio_S%C3%A1nchez-Albornoz" title="Claudio Sánchez-Albornoz">Claudio Sánchez-Albornoz</a></li> <li>1985: <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Ferrater_Mora" title="José Ferrater Mora">José Ferrater Mora</a></li> <li>1986: <a href="/wiki/Grupo_Globo" title="Grupo Globo">Grupo Globo</a></li> <li>1987: <i><a href="/wiki/El_Espectador" title="El Espectador">El Espectador</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/El_Tiempo_(Colombia)" title="El Tiempo (Colombia)">El Tiempo</a></i> newspapers</li> <li>1988: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Horacio_S%C3%A1enz_Guerrero&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Horacio Sáenz Guerrero (page does not exist)">Horacio Sáenz Guerrero</a></li> <li>1989: <a href="/wiki/Pedro_La%C3%ADn_Entralgo" title="Pedro Laín Entralgo">Pedro Laín Entralgo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fondo_de_Cultura_Econ%C3%B3mica" title="Fondo de Cultura Económica">Fondo de Cultura Económica</a></li> <li>1990: <a href="/wiki/Central_American_University,_San_Salvador" title="Central American University, San Salvador">José Simeón Cañas Central American University</a></li> <li>1991: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Luis_Mar%C3%ADa_Anson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Luis María Anson (page does not exist)">Luis María Anson</a></li> <li>1992: <a href="/wiki/Emilio_Garc%C3%ADa_G%C3%B3mez" title="Emilio García Gómez">Emilio García Gómez</a></li> <li>1993: <i><a href="/wiki/Vuelta_(magazine)" title="Vuelta (magazine)">Vuelta</a></i> magazine by Octavio Paz</li> <li>1994: Spanish <a href="/wiki/Christian_mission" title="Christian mission">Missions</a> in Rwanda and Burundi</li> <li>1995: <a href="/wiki/EFE" title="EFE">EFE Agency</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jos%C3%A9_Luis_L%C3%B3pez_Aranguren&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="José Luis López Aranguren (page does not exist)">José Luis López Aranguren</a></li> <li>1996: <a href="/wiki/Indro_Montanelli" title="Indro Montanelli">Indro Montanelli</a> and <a href="/wiki/Juli%C3%A1n_Mar%C3%ADas" title="Julián Marías">Julián Marías</a></li> <li>1997: <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A1clav_Havel" title="Václav Havel">Václav Havel</a> and <a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a></li> <li>1998: <a href="/wiki/Reinhard_Mohn" title="Reinhard Mohn">Reinhard Mohn</a></li> <li>1999: <a href="/wiki/Caro_and_Cuervo_Institute" title="Caro and Cuervo Institute">Caro and Cuervo Institute</a></li> <li>2000: <a href="/wiki/Umberto_Eco" title="Umberto Eco">Umberto Eco</a></li> <li>2001: <a href="/wiki/George_Steiner" title="George Steiner">George Steiner</a></li> <li>2002: <a href="/wiki/Hans_Magnus_Enzensberger" title="Hans Magnus Enzensberger">Hans Magnus Enzensberger</a></li> <li>2003: <a href="/wiki/Ryszard_Kapu%C5%9Bci%C5%84ski" title="Ryszard Kapuściński">Ryszard Kapuściński</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gustavo_Guti%C3%A9rrez" title="Gustavo Gutiérrez">Gustavo Gutiérrez Merino</a></li> <li>2004: <a href="/wiki/Jean_Daniel" title="Jean Daniel">Jean Daniel</a></li> <li>2005: <a href="/wiki/Alliance_fran%C3%A7aise" title="Alliance française">Alliance française</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dante_Alighieri_Society" title="Dante Alighieri Society">Società Dante Alighieri</a>, <a href="/wiki/British_Council" title="British Council">British Council</a>, <a href="/wiki/Goethe-Institut" title="Goethe-Institut">Goethe-Institut</a>, <a href="/wiki/Instituto_Cervantes" title="Instituto Cervantes">Instituto Cervantes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Instituto_Cam%C3%B5es" title="Instituto Camões">Instituto Camões</a></li> <li>2006: <a href="/wiki/National_Geographic_Society" title="National Geographic Society">National Geographic Society</a></li> <li>2007: <i><a href="/wiki/Nature_(journal)" title="Nature (journal)">Nature</a></i> and <i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Science</a></i> journals</li> <li>2008: <a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a></li> <li>2009: <a href="/wiki/National_Autonomous_University_of_Mexico" title="National Autonomous University of Mexico">National Autonomous University of Mexico</a></li> <li>2010: <a href="/wiki/Alain_Touraine" title="Alain Touraine">Alain Touraine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Zygmunt_Bauman" title="Zygmunt Bauman">Zygmunt Bauman</a></li> <li>2011: <a href="/wiki/Royal_Society" title="Royal Society">Royal Society</a></li> <li>2012: <a href="/wiki/Shigeru_Miyamoto" title="Shigeru Miyamoto">Shigeru Miyamoto</a></li> <li>2013: <a href="/wiki/Annie_Leibovitz" title="Annie Leibovitz">Annie Leibovitz</a></li> <li>2014: <a href="/wiki/Quino" title="Quino">Quino</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#addeff;"><div id="Princess_of_Asturias_Award_for_Communication_and_Humanities" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Princess of Asturias Award for Communication and Humanities</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>2015: <a href="/wiki/Emilio_Lled%C3%B3" title="Emilio Lledó">Emilio Lledó Íñigo</a></li> <li>2016: <a href="/wiki/James_Nachtwey" title="James Nachtwey">James Nachtwey</a></li> <li>2017: <a href="/wiki/Les_Luthiers" title="Les Luthiers">Les Luthiers</a></li> <li>2018: <a href="/wiki/Alma_Guillermoprieto" title="Alma Guillermoprieto">Alma Guillermoprieto</a></li> <li>2019: <a href="/wiki/Museo_del_Prado" title="Museo del Prado">Museo del Prado</a></li> <li>2020: <a href="/wiki/Guadalajara_International_Book_Fair" title="Guadalajara International Book Fair">Guadalajara International Book Fair</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hay_Festival" title="Hay Festival">Hay Festival of Literature & Arts</a></li> <li>2021: <a href="/wiki/Gloria_Steinem" title="Gloria Steinem">Gloria Steinem</a></li> <li>2022: <a href="/wiki/Adam_Michnik" title="Adam Michnik">Adam Michnik</a></li> <li>2023: <a href="/wiki/Nuccio_Ordine" title="Nuccio Ordine">Nuccio Ordine</a></li> <li>2024: <a href="/wiki/Marjane_Satrapi" title="Marjane Satrapi">Marjane Satrapi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Science_(journal)&oldid=1257370572">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Science_(journal)&oldid=1257370572</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1880_establishments_in_the_United_States" title="Category:1880 establishments in the United States">1880 establishments in the United 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