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BCES Conference Books, Volume 19</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="218718858" href="https://ulster.academia.edu/DrElizabethAchinewhuNworgu"><img alt="Profile image of Dr Elizabeth Achinewhu-Nworgu" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/218718858/76868128/74542686/s65_dr_elizabeth.achinewhu-nworgu.jpg" />Dr Elizabeth Achinewhu-Nworgu</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2021, Bulgarian Comparative Education Society</p><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">visibility</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm" id="work-metadata-view-count">…</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">description</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">300 pages</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">link</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">1 file</p></div></div><script>(async () => { const workId = 90838065; const worksViewsPath = "/v0/works/views?subdomain_param=api&work_ids%5B%5D=90838065"; const getWorkViews = async (workId) => { const response = await fetch(worksViewsPath); if (!response.ok) { throw new Error('Failed to load work views'); } const data = await response.json(); return data.views[workId]; }; // Get the view count for the work - we send this immediately rather than waiting for // the DOM to load, so it can be available as soon as possible (but without holding up // the backend or other resource requests, because it's a bit expensive and not critical). const viewCount = await getWorkViews(workId); const updateViewCount = (viewCount) => { const viewCountNumber = Number(viewCount); if (!viewCountNumber) { throw new Error('Failed to parse view count'); } const commaizedViewCount = viewCountNumber.toLocaleString(); const viewCountBody = document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count'); if (viewCountBody) { viewCountBody.textContent = `${commaizedViewCount} views`; } else { throw new Error('Failed to find work views element'); } }; // If the DOM is still loading, wait for it to be ready before updating the view count. if (document.readyState === "loading") { document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { updateViewCount(viewCount); }); // Otherwise, just update it immediately. } else { updateViewCount(viewCount); } })();</script></div><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":94290441,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/90838065/New_Challenges_to_Education_Lessons_from_around_the_World_BCES_Conference_Books_Volume_19"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":94290441,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/90838065/New_Challenges_to_Education_Lessons_from_around_the_World_BCES_Conference_Books_Volume_19"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div></div><div data-auto_select="false" data-client_id="331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b" data-doc_id="94290441" data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/90838065/New_Challenges_to_Education_Lessons_from_around_the_World_BCES_Conference_Books_Volume_19" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="40863519" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/40863519/XVI_Bulgarian_Comparative_Education_Society_Education_in_modern_society_Sofia_Bulgaria">XVI Bulgarian Comparative Education Society: Education in modern society.Sofia, Bulgaria.</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="134302291" href="https://sophia.academia.edu/MashrakyMustary">Mashraky Mustary</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Paper Title:Comapative analysis of educational systems in Japan and Bangladesh. Location: Sofia,Bulgeria. Dated:une11-15 June</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"XVI Bulgarian Comparative Education Society: Education in modern society.Sofia, Bulgaria.","attachmentId":61149469,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/40863519/XVI_Bulgarian_Comparative_Education_Society_Education_in_modern_society_Sofia_Bulgaria","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/40863519/XVI_Bulgarian_Comparative_Education_Society_Education_in_modern_society_Sofia_Bulgaria"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="83216529" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/83216529/Education_in_Modern_Society_BCES_Conference_Books_Volume_16">Education in Modern Society. BCES Conference Books, Volume 16</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="218718858" href="https://ulster.academia.edu/DrElizabethAchinewhuNworgu">Dr Elizabeth Achinewhu-Nworgu</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Bulgarian Comparative Education Society, 2018</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Education in Modern Society. BCES Conference Books, Volume 16","attachmentId":88637866,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/83216529/Education_in_Modern_Society_BCES_Conference_Books_Volume_16","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/83216529/Education_in_Modern_Society_BCES_Conference_Books_Volume_16"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="37046194" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37046194/BACK_TO_THE_ROOTS_OF_THE_BULGARIAN_PRE_SCHOOL_EDUCATION">BACK TO THE ROOTS OF THE BULGARIAN PRE-SCHOOL EDUCATION</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="59014729" href="https://independent.academia.edu/rsglobal">RS Global</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The current article is dedicated to the 117th anniversary of the birth of Penka Kassabova – one of the founders of the pre-school education in Bulgaria. This is a short theoretical presentation that refers to the life of the Bulgarian pedagogue in a tabular presentation of the main elements of her biography, publication activity and educational attitude. The article deals generally with kindergarten educators and students on pedagogical subjects, studying "History of Education" and "Pre-school Pedagogy". Revising Penka Kassabova’s educational views and pedagogical understandings will help Bulgarian students to get aware and advance with basic and pre-school educational matters.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"BACK TO THE ROOTS OF THE BULGARIAN PRE-SCHOOL EDUCATION","attachmentId":56996808,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/37046194/BACK_TO_THE_ROOTS_OF_THE_BULGARIAN_PRE_SCHOOL_EDUCATION","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/37046194/BACK_TO_THE_ROOTS_OF_THE_BULGARIAN_PRE_SCHOOL_EDUCATION"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="43323076" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43323076/School_Reforms_in_Bulgaria_from_the_9th_to_the_21st_Century">School Reforms in Bulgaria from the 9th to the 21st Century</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="95025159" href="https://uni-sofia.academia.edu/NikolayPopov">Nikolay Popov</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="161648668" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MarinaPironkova">Marina Pironkova</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Educational Reforms Worldwide, 2020</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The aim of this introductory piece is to present the main school reforms in Bulgaria from the 9th to the 21st century. The cornerstones of school reforms during the different periods of Bulgaria’s history are analyzed. Various cultural, social and political factors determining the school development are also discussed. The authors present the creation of the Slavic alphabet during the First Bulgarian State and the appearance of the first Bulgarian schools in ‘The Golden Age of Bulgarian Letters and Culture’, the school development during the Second Bulgarian State, the hard blow to the development of education under the Ottoman rule, the school uprising during the Bulgarian National Revival, the main school reforms from the Liberation to the 1940s, the educational development during the Socialist period, and the latest school reforms in Bulgaria since 1989. Special attention is paid to the current school system in Bulgaria.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"School Reforms in Bulgaria from the 9th to the 21st Century","attachmentId":63605587,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/43323076/School_Reforms_in_Bulgaria_from_the_9th_to_the_21st_Century","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/43323076/School_Reforms_in_Bulgaria_from_the_9th_to_the_21st_Century"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="71093611" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/71093611/Current_Situation_and_Reforms_Making_Way_for_Future_Positive_Developments_in_the_National_Education_System_of_Bulgaria_An_Overview">Current Situation and Reforms Making Way for Future Positive Developments in the National Education System of Bulgaria: An Overview</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="14272998" href="https://uni-sofia.academia.edu/TeodoraGenova">Teodora Genova</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Bulgarian Comparative Education Society, 2015</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This paper on the education system of Bulgaria is aimed at presenting its structure, current situation, problems and challenges that it faces, and on-going reforms leading to some positive trends in the development of the national education sector. At the moment of writing this paper in the year 2015, we will mark the 1160 anniversary of the first Slavic alphabet, which was designed by the two brothers Saints Cyril and Methodius in 855 and was based on Greek characters that in its final Cyrillic form is still in use as the alphabet for modern Bulgarian, Russian and a number of other Slavic languages (Encyclopedia Britannica, 2015). With the accession of Bulgaria to the European Union in 2007, the Cyrillic alphabet became the third official alphabet of the EU adding intrinsic value to truly multilingual Europe.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Current Situation and Reforms Making Way for Future Positive Developments in the National Education System of Bulgaria: An Overview","attachmentId":80590176,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/71093611/Current_Situation_and_Reforms_Making_Way_for_Future_Positive_Developments_in_the_National_Education_System_of_Bulgaria_An_Overview","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/71093611/Current_Situation_and_Reforms_Making_Way_for_Future_Positive_Developments_in_the_National_Education_System_of_Bulgaria_An_Overview"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="117893328" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/117893328/The_Educational_Systems_of_Schools_in_Bulgaria_Romania_and_Delgado_Community_College_Fulbright_Hays_Summer_Seminar_Abroad_1996_Bulgaria_and_Romania_">The Educational Systems of Schools in Bulgaria, Romania, and Delgado Community College. Fulbright-Hays Summer Seminar Abroad 1996 (Bulgaria and Romania)</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="300527001" href="https://independent.academia.edu/YadiraDiaz67">Yadira Diaz</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">1996</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The Educational Systems of Schools in Bulgaria, Romania, and Delgado Community College. Fulbright-Hays Summer Seminar Abroad 1996 (Bulgaria and Romania)","attachmentId":113642116,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/117893328/The_Educational_Systems_of_Schools_in_Bulgaria_Romania_and_Delgado_Community_College_Fulbright_Hays_Summer_Seminar_Abroad_1996_Bulgaria_and_Romania_","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/117893328/The_Educational_Systems_of_Schools_in_Bulgaria_Romania_and_Delgado_Community_College_Fulbright_Hays_Summer_Seminar_Abroad_1996_Bulgaria_and_Romania_"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="7491810" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7491810/Human_Relations_in_the_Contemporary_Bulgarian_School_The_power_drive_and_the_crisis_in_secondary_school_education"> Human Relations in the Contemporary Bulgarian School. The power drive and the crisis in secondary school education </a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="451296" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RumenGPetrov">Rumen G . Petrov</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":" Human Relations in the Contemporary Bulgarian School. The power drive and the crisis in secondary school education ","attachmentId":34063228,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/7491810/Human_Relations_in_the_Contemporary_Bulgarian_School_The_power_drive_and_the_crisis_in_secondary_school_education","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/7491810/Human_Relations_in_the_Contemporary_Bulgarian_School_The_power_drive_and_the_crisis_in_secondary_school_education"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="6407346" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6407346/Human_Relations_in_the_Contemporary_Bulgarian_School">Human Relations in the Contemporary Bulgarian School</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="853371" href="https://newbulgarian.academia.edu/RPetrov">Rumen G . Petrov</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Human Relations in the Contemporary Bulgarian School","attachmentId":33214206,"attachmentType":"doc","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/6407346/Human_Relations_in_the_Contemporary_Bulgarian_School","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/6407346/Human_Relations_in_the_Contemporary_Bulgarian_School"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="90838063" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/90838063/Preface_A_Picturesque_Mosaic_of_Educational_Reforms_Worldwide">Preface: A Picturesque Mosaic of Educational Reforms Worldwide</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="218718858" href="https://ulster.academia.edu/DrElizabethAchinewhuNworgu">Dr Elizabeth Achinewhu-Nworgu</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">BCES Conference Books, 2020</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">This volume contains selected papers submitted to the XVIII Annual International Conference of the Bulgarian Comparative Education Society (BCES) held virtually in June 2020. The XVIII BCES Conference theme is Educational Reforms Worldwide. The Annual International Conference of the Bulgarian Comparative Education Society is a traditional, scholarly, interdisciplinary, high-level event. Education specialists from all over the world every year attend the Conference so as to present their studies. The Conference purposefully keeps to a small size, aiming at organizing the selection of papers of the best quality and providing excellent opportunities for presentations and discussions. The goal of the XVIII BCES Conference is to provide a platform for in-depth discussions on educational reforms worldwide. 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