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Even though many safety measures are being practiced on board, oil tankers are known to encounter the most risk of being involved in a disaster. Maritime accidents can be caused by various factors including perils of the sea, nature of cargo, and human error. However, the main factor that induces the present situation is the human factor. The purpose of this research was to identify the human factors that contribute to oil tanker accidents, to identify the most prominent root cause of human factors, and to propose a suggestion for minimizing the risk of human factors that lead to oil tanker accidents. For this purpose, the data was collected through a questionnaire that focused on the causes of human factors that contribute to oil tanker accidents. The questionnaire was distributed to the targeted respondents, who were experts of the maritime industry, captains, deck officers, and deck cadets sailing onboard an oil tanker; the collected data were analyzed by using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) to achieve the objective of this study. The result of the research was as expected, where occupational fatigue was identified as the most prominent root cause. With the result of this research, a suggestion can be proposed to minimize the risk of human factors resulting in oil tanker accidents, thus, the number of oil tanker accidents can be greatly reduced, and the aftermaths can be hindered.","publication_date":"2020,,","publication_name":"International Journal of Scientific \u0026 Technology Research","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":"110458514"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Human Factors That Contribute To Maritime Accidents Involving Oil Tankers","broadcastable":true,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [291139674]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "control"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loswp.appleClientId = 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class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">Human Factors That Contribute To Maritime Accidents Involving Oil Tankers</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="291139674" href="https://independent.academia.edu/TamimAhmed142"><img alt="Profile image of Tamim Ahmed" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/291139674/138094856/127561264/s65_tamim.ahmed.png" />Tamim Ahmed</a></div><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2020, International Journal of Scientific & Technology Research</p><div 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data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/113519732/Human_Factors_That_Contribute_To_Maritime_Accidents_Involving_Oil_Tankers" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="70335313" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/70335313/Research_of_marine_accidents_through_the_prism_of_human_factors">Research of marine accidents through the prism of human factors</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="39002933" 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class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="29784398" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/29784398/Human_Factors_as_Determinants_of_Marine_Accidents_in_Maritime_Companies_in_Nigeria">Human Factors as Determinants of Marine Accidents in Maritime Companies in Nigeria</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="10195339" href="https://arizona.academia.edu/OlusolaOgunseye">Olusola O Ogunseye</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Opeoluwa Oluwatosin Oluseye, Olusola Olabisi Ogunseye, 2016</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The capacity to address marine accidents could be enhanced through a thorough knowledge of what constitutes human factors and how they affect marine safety performance. This study investigated human factor issues that are responsible for maritime accidents in Nigeria and therefore gives maritime practitioners strategies for policy interventions. The study adopted a descriptive methodology, making use of survey design to collect data from 284 marine service operators in Nigeria. Data for the study was collected through semi-structured questionnaires, same were analysed through descriptive and inferential statistical tools such as mean, standard deviation, correlation and regression analysis at P < 0.05. Results showed that nine human related factors are major causes of marine accidents; namely: poor crew interaction, crew fatigue, drugs and alcohol use, unsafe vessel speed, commercial pressure from management, complicated work processes, gap in working knowledge, faulty crew judgment and unruly behaviour; while five of them: Crew fatigue, drugs and alcohol use, unsafe vessel speed, faulty crew judgment and unruly behaviour of crewmembers, were significantly related to safety performance. The study established that human errors are contributory factors to marine accidents and relationships exist between them and safety culture, hence, human factors can predict safety performance in maritime organizations in Nigeria. It is therefore recommended that Marine Safety Performance Plan, which is part of the International Safety Management (ISM) Code, be implemented in all maritime companies in Nigeria. Alcoholism, indiscriminate drug and substance use should be discouraged onboard while a stress management policy should be designed to handle work-related fatigue.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Human Factors as Determinants of Marine Accidents in Maritime Companies in Nigeria","attachmentId":50237713,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/29784398/Human_Factors_as_Determinants_of_Marine_Accidents_in_Maritime_Companies_in_Nigeria","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/29784398/Human_Factors_as_Determinants_of_Marine_Accidents_in_Maritime_Companies_in_Nigeria"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="17083871" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/17083871/A_Critical_Assessment_of_Human_Element_Regarding_Maritime_Safety">A Critical Assessment of Human Element Regarding Maritime Safety</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1133144" href="https://ntua.academia.edu/NikolaosVentikos">Nikolaos Ventikos</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The paper presents the findings, derived from a structured questionnaire, that cover various aspects of the relation between human factor and maritime safety. In general, human element holds a very important share compared to the ensemble of marine-accident causes.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"A Critical Assessment of Human Element Regarding Maritime Safety","attachmentId":42327589,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/17083871/A_Critical_Assessment_of_Human_Element_Regarding_Maritime_Safety","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/17083871/A_Critical_Assessment_of_Human_Element_Regarding_Maritime_Safety"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="38512488" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38512488/Article_ID_IJMET_10_02_167_Cite_this_Article_Rama_Gilang_Perdana_Taufik_Roni_Sahroni_Analysis_of_Human_and_Ergonomic_Factor_Influence_for_Preventing_Major_Accident_in_Offshore_Oil_and_Gas_Industry">Article ID: IJMET_10_02_167 Cite this Article: Rama Gilang Perdana, Taufik Roni Sahroni, Analysis of Human and Ergonomic Factor Influence for Preventing Major Accident in Offshore Oil and Gas Industry</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="39122404" href="https://iaeme.academia.edu/publication">IAEME Publication</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">IAEME, 2019</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The goals of this thesis is to identify what are the human factors and ergonomic factors that influence the prevention of fatal work accidents in the oil and gas industry with an offshore work environment. Data was taken by distributing questionnaires using the Likert scale to 126 offshore oil and gas workers. The combination of quantitative and qualitative approaches was used in this study. The research data were analyzed by descriptive analysis method and validated using SPSS statistical software ver.16 to ensure the research data had good validity, reliability and accuracy. The results of the study show that the main causes of fatal work accidents in the offshore oil and gas industry are human errors, conditions of workers who are not fit and lack of knowledge. The type of human error that causes it is disobedience, lack of rest or fatigue, and not concentration. Meanwhile, the most ergonomically dangerous type of activity is working at height, lifting, and working in a confined space. From this study it can also be concluded that human factors have a greater influence compared to the effect of ergonomic factors. Based on the results of these studies, it was designed a simple tool to test the level of fitness both physically and mentally from workers in the offshore oil and gas industry to prevent fatal work accidents.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Article ID: IJMET_10_02_167 Cite this Article: Rama Gilang Perdana, Taufik Roni Sahroni, Analysis of Human and Ergonomic Factor Influence for Preventing Major Accident in Offshore Oil and Gas Industry","attachmentId":58580837,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/38512488/Article_ID_IJMET_10_02_167_Cite_this_Article_Rama_Gilang_Perdana_Taufik_Roni_Sahroni_Analysis_of_Human_and_Ergonomic_Factor_Influence_for_Preventing_Major_Accident_in_Offshore_Oil_and_Gas_Industry","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/38512488/Article_ID_IJMET_10_02_167_Cite_this_Article_Rama_Gilang_Perdana_Taufik_Roni_Sahroni_Analysis_of_Human_and_Ergonomic_Factor_Influence_for_Preventing_Major_Accident_in_Offshore_Oil_and_Gas_Industry"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="17083853" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/17083853/The_human_element_as_a_factor_in_marine_accidents">The human element as a factor in marine accidents</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="8323018" href="https://ntua.academia.edu/PieroCaridis">Piero A Caridis</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="1133144" href="https://ntua.academia.edu/NikolaosVentikos">Nikolaos Ventikos</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">1998</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"The human element as a factor in marine accidents","attachmentId":42327586,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/17083853/The_human_element_as_a_factor_in_marine_accidents","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/17083853/The_human_element_as_a_factor_in_marine_accidents"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":110458514,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":110458514,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_110458514" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="14" data-entity-id="68469505" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/68469505/A_Study_on_Basic_Health_And_Safety_Knowledge_That_Influence_The_Safety_At_Maritime_A_Case_Study_Of_DD_and_I_Engineering_Sdn_Bhd_Irwan_Ibrahim_et_al_">A Study on Basic Health And Safety Knowledge That Influence The Safety At Maritime‘A Case Study Of DD & I Engineering Sdn. 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