性别平等 | 联合国

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<title>性别平等 | 联合国</title> <meta name="DC.Title" content="性别平等 | 联合国"> <meta name="DC.Description" content="妇女和女童占世界人口的一半，因此也占全世界人口潜力的一半。性别平等不仅是一项基本人权，也是充分发挥人类潜力、推动可持续发展并最终实现和平社会的重要环节。"> <meta name="DC.Creator" content="United Nations"> <meta name="DC.Publisher" content="United Nations"> <meta property="og:site_name" content="United Nations"> <meta property="og:title" content="性别平等 | 联合国"> <meta property="og:description" content="妇女和女童占世界人口的一半，因此也占全世界人口潜力的一半。性别平等不仅是一项基本人权，也是充分发挥人类潜力、推动可持续发展并最终实现和平社会的重要环节。"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.un.org/sites/un2.un.org/files/2021/12/un-women_orange_cambodia.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1336"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="751"> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.un.org/zh/global-issues/gender-equality"> <meta property="og:type" content="article"> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"> <meta name="twitter:title" content="性别平等 | 联合国"> <meta name="twitter:url" 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li.menu-22773.top-level a.hover, ul#main-menu li.menu-22763.top-level a.active, ul#main-menu li.menu-22763.top-level a.hover, ul#main-menu li.menu-22781.top-level a.active, ul#main-menu li.menu-22781.top-level a.hover, ul#main-menu li.menu-22747.top-level a.active, ul#main-menu li.menu-22747.top-level a.hover, ul#main-menu li.menu-46805.top-level a.hover, { background-color: #f2f2f2; } .view-id-articles_by_property_view.view-display-id-page_1 .view-header { margin-bottom: 2rem; } .view-articles-by-property-view.view-id-articles_by_property_view.view-display-id-page_2 { margin-top: 5rem; margin-bottom: 5rem; } body.not-front .field-content.post-date { font-weight: 500; font-size: 1.2rem; line-height: 1.1666; color: #4d4c4c; letter-spacing: 0.77px; text-transform: uppercase; display: block; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0.8rem; } body.node-type-article.og-context-node-61823 .node-article p, body.node-type-article.og-context-node-61823 .node-article li, body.node-type-article.og-context-node-62054 .node-article p, body.node-type-article.og-context-node-62054 .node-article li, body.node-type-article.og-context-node-62048 .node-article p, body.node-type-article.og-context-node-62048 .node-article li, body.node-type-article.og-context-node-62003 .node-article p, body.node-type-article.og-context-node-62003 .node-article li, body.node-type-article.og-context-node-62051 .node-article p, body.node-type-article.og-context-node-62051 .node-article li, body.node-type-article.og-context-node-62045 .node-article p, body.node-type-article.og-context-node-62045 .node-article li, body.property-type-9040 p, body.property-type-9040 li, body.property-type-8447 p, body.property-type-8447 li, body.property-type-8450 p, body.property-type-8450 li { font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.5; } body.og-context-node-62054 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img, body.og-context-node-61823 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img, body.og-context-node-62051 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img, body.og-context-node-62003 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img, body.og-context-node-62048 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img { margin-right: 0; } body.og-context-node-102953 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img, body.og-context-node-102950 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img, body.og-context-node-102947 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img, body.og-context-node-102932 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img, body.og-context-node-102944 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img, body.og-context-node-102941 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img { height: 71px; width: 77px; } body.og-context-node-62054 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img, body.og-context-node-61823 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img, body.og-context-node-62051 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img, body.og-context-node-62003 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img, body.og-context-node-62048 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img, body.og-context-node-62045 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img { height: 75px; width: 85px; } body.og-context-node-97691 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img, body.og-context-node-97693 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img, body.og-context-node-97692 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img, body.og-context-node-97694 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img, body.og-context-node-97696 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img, body.og-context-node-97697 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img { margin: 0; } body.og-context-node-97691 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img, body.og-context-node-97693 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img, body.og-context-node-97692 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img, body.og-context-node-97694 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img, body.og-context-node-97696 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img, body.og-context-node-97697 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img { margin-top: -2px; width: 78px; height: 78px; } body.og-context-node-170924 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img { margin: 0; } body.og-context-node-170924 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img { width: 84px !important; } .view-id-articles_by_property_view.view-display-id-page_1 #views-bootstrap-grid-1 .row > .col-xs-12.col-sm-6.col-md-4.col-lg-4, .view-id-articles_by_property_view.view-display-id-page_5 #views-bootstrap-grid-1 .row > .col-xs-12.col-sm-6.col-md-4.col-lg-4, .view-id-articles_by_property_view.view-display-id-page_9 #views-bootstrap-grid-1 .row > .col-xs-12.col-sm-6.col-md-4.col-lg-4, .view-id-articles_by_property_view.view-display-id-page_10 #views-bootstrap-grid-1 .row > .col-xs-12.col-sm-6.col-md-4.col-lg-4 { margin-bottom: 4rem; } .node-article .read-more-button { margin-bottom: 4rem; } .section.more-stories-by::after { border-top: none; } .view-articles-by-issue-with-podcast .views-field-php { margin-bottom: 4rem; } .og-context-node-54396.node-type-article ul.breadcrumb { display:none; } .og-context-node-54396 .footer-fluid, .page-isotope-articles .footer-fluid { margin-top: 4rem; } .view-property-slideshows-by-taxonomy .item { margin-bottom: 4rem; } .node-sidebar .node-sidebar-item { margin-top: 4rem; } .node-sidebar .node-sidebar-item:first-child { margin-top: 0; } body.node-type-page h1 { font-size:4rem; } .library_field { margin-top: 1rem; font-weight: 700; } .historical-note { font-size: 12px; } .small-view .views-field-title { width: 94%; } body.node-type-article .article-body ul { width: 90%; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; margin-top: 1em; list-style: inherit; } node-type-article .node-article .image-gallery-main-image .image-metadata, .node-article .article-body .image-metadata, .node-type-article .node-article > .image-metadata { margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; } body.node-type-article .article-body ul li { list-style-image: inherit; list-style-type: inherit; margin-left: inherit; } body.property-type-11 .view-articles-by-property-view ul li { margin-top: 1rem; } body.node-type-file-object article ul { list-style: inherit; } body.node-type-file-object article ul li { list-style-image: inherit; list-style-type: inherit; margin-left: 2em; } /* body.property-type-14.node-type-property .property_home_page_section_articles_second {*/ body.page-node-81254 .property_home_page_section_articles.gray-bg .property_home_page_section_articles_second { display:none; } body.page-node-81254 .property_home_page_section_articles.gray-bg .property_home_page_section_articles_second { display:none; } /* body.page-node-81254 .property_home_page_section_articles.gray-bg .container { font-size: 0; } */ body.page-node-81254 .property_home_page_section_articles.gray-bg .container .property_home_page_section_articles_first { font-size: inherit; } body.front.i18n-fr .aan_image, body.front.i18n-es .aan_image, body.front.i18n-ru .aan_image, body.front.i18n-ar .aan_image, body.front.i18n-zh-hans .aan_image { display:none; } .page-node-81254.og-context-node-81254 .view-id-unorg_home_top_multiitem_nodequeue .unorg-home-hero { margin-bottom: 5rem; } /* dhl */ .og-context-node-74753 ul#main-menu ul.subnav li a, .og-context-node-74762 ul#main-menu ul.subnav li a { font-size:12px; } .og-context-node-74768 ul#main-menu ul.subnav li a, .og-context-node-74765 ul#main-menu ul.subnav li, .og-context-node-59110 ul#main-menu ul.subnav li, .og-context-node-59107 ul#main-menu ul.subnav li { font-size: 10px; } .og-context-node-74753 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-3, .og-context-node-74753.node-type-article section#block-system-main > .row > .col-sm-3, .og-context-node-74774 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-3, .og-context-node-74774.node-type-article section#block-system-main > .row > .col-sm-3, .og-context-node-74762 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-3, .og-context-node-74762.node-type-article section#block-system-main > .row > .col-sm-3, .og-context-node-74768 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-3, .og-context-node-74768.node-type-article section#block-system-main > .row > .col-sm-3, .og-context-node-74765 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-3, .og-context-node-74765.node-type-article section#block-system-main > .row > .col-sm-3 { border-left: solid 2px #ededed; } .og-context-node-74777 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-3, .og-context-node-74777.node-type-article section#block-system-main > .row > .col-sm-3 { border-right: solid 2px #ededed; } .og-context-node-74777 p { line-height: 1.75; } .og-context-node-74777 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-3 ul li { line-height: 1.75; } .og-context-node-74777 h1.page-header { font-size: 4rem; } .og-context-node-74753 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 a, .og-context-node-74777 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 a, .og-context-node-74774 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 a, .og-context-node-74762 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 a, .og-context-node-74768 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 a, .og-context-node-74765 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 a { border-bottom: dotted 0.1rem #333333; } .og-context-node-74753 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 h2, .og-context-node-74753 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 h3, .og-context-node-74777 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 h2, .og-context-node-74777 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 h3, .og-context-node-74774 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 h2, .og-context-node-74774 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 h3, .og-context-node-74762 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 h2, .og-context-node-74762 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 h3, .og-context-node-74768 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 h2, .og-context-node-74768 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 h3, .og-context-node-74765 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 h2, .og-context-node-74765 .node.node-page .content > .row > .col-sm-9 h3 { margin-top: 4rem; } .og-context-node-74768 ul#main-menu ul.subnav li, .og-context-node-74765 ul#main-menu ul.subnav li, .og-context-node-74762 ul#main-menu ul.subnav li, .og-context-node-74753 ul#main-menu ul.subnav li, .og-context-node-74774 ul#main-menu ul.subnav li, .og-context-node-74777 ul#main-menu ul.subnav li, ul#main-menu ul.subnav li { white-space: nowrap; overflow-x: auto; overflow-y: hidden; padding: 3px; } .og-context-node-74768 ul#main-menu ul.subnav li a, .og-context-node-74765 ul#main-menu ul.subnav li a, .og-context-node-74762 ul#main-menu ul.subnav li a, .og-context-node-74753 ul#main-menu ul.subnav li a { font-size: 12px; } .node-sidebar-item-body ul { list-style: inherit; } .node-sidebar-item-body ul li { list-style-image: inherit; list-style-type: inherit; margin-left: 15px; } body.i18n-zh-hans.og-context-node-74774, body.i18n-zh-hans.og-context-node-74774 p { font-size: 1.61rem; line-height: 1.61; } body.i18n-zh-hans.og-context-node-74774 h3 { font-size: 2.8rem; line-height: 1.34; } body.i18n-zh-hans.og-context-node-74774 .home-footer h4 { font-size: 2.3rem; line-height: 1.265; } .not-front .home-footer .footer-fluid .footer.container.dark ul li::before { content: ""; } /* /dhl */ body.article-type-7 .node-sidebar .field-name-body.field-type-text-with-summary.field-label-above .field-label { display: none; } /* .page-calendar-by-property .feed-icon img { width: inherit; } */ .feed-icon img { width: inherit; } li.top-level ul.subnav-active-menu { z-index:10; } body.node-type-file-object article .field-name-field-image.field-type-image img { width: inherit; } .node-type-property .un-facts-heading h4.un-facts { font-size: 2.2rem; color: white; letter-spacing: 0.5px; line-height: 1.1818; text-align: left; text-shadow: 0 0 0.1rem rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5); padding: 0.2rem 0 0.4rem 1.7rem; border-left: solid 0.5rem rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3); } .node-type-property .un-facts-heading h4.un-facts a { color: white; } .property-type-14 .unorg-home-5x4.third-story { margin-top: 3rem; } .property-type-14 .property_home_page_section_articles.gray-bg { background-color: inherit; } .property-type-14 .property_home_page_section_articles.gray-bg .container { background-color: #f2f2f2 !important; padding-bottom: 4rem; } .og-context-node-98731.node-type-page #block-system-main img{ width: inherit; } /* .view-articles-by-property-view .row h3 { margin-bottom: 4rem; } */ body.page-articles-by-property-local-category .view-articles-by-property-view .row .col-xs-12.col-sm-6.col-md-4.col-lg-4 { margin-bottom: 4rem; } .page-node-106961 #toggle-play, .page-node-106961 #toggle-pause { bottom: 180px; } .view-dhl.view-display-id-page .views-widget-filter-data_1 { display: none; } .view-un-org-home-news-row.view-id-un_org_home_news_row.view-display-id-block_2 p, .view-unorg-home-top-multiitem-nodequeue.view-display-id-block_1 p, .view-unorg-home-top-multiitem-nodequeue.view-display-id-block_5 p { font-size: 14px; } .un-org-home-news-row-block-2 { margin-top: 4rem; } body.not-front.i18n-ar div.category { letter-spacing: inherit; text-transform: inherit; } body.node-type-book .book-toc { display: none; } .calendar-calendar .month-view .full td.single-day div.monthview { background: inherit; } .i18n-ar .calendar-calendar .month-view .full td.multi-day .calendar.monthview .contents, .i18n-ar .calendar-calendar .week-view .full td.multi-day .calendar.weekview .contents { right: 0; left: 5px; } .navbar-full.navbar { background-color: #4d4d4d; padding: 0; height: 34px; box-shadow: 0 2px 5px 0 rgb(0 0 0 / 30%); margin-bottom: 0; z-index: 99; } body.node-type-page .field-name-body ol, body.not-front .views-field-body ol { list-style-type: decimal; } ol.blue-list li::marker { color: #009edb; font-weight: bold; font-size: 20px; } body.node-type-page .field-name-body ol li, body.not-front .views-field-body ol li { margin-left: 2rem; } .view-event-flat-calendar-by-property.view-display-id-page h3 { clear: both; padding:0.5em 0; } .view-event-flat-calendar-by-property.view-display-id-page .views-field.views-field-field-event-date-1 { float: left; margin-right: 50px; } .view-event-flat-calendar-by-property.view-display-id-page .views-field.views-field-title { clear: both; display: inline; } .view-event-flat-calendar-by-property.view-display-id-page .views-row { clear: both; margin-bottom: 1rem; } .view-event-flat-calendar-by-property.view-display-id-page .views-row a { border-bottom: dotted 0.1rem #333333; } .full_observances_list { text-align: right; } .i18n-ar .full_observances_list { text-align: left; } .full_observances_list a::after { font-family: FontAwesome; margin-left: 3px; color: #00a1d9; content: "\f101"; line-height: 1; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; } .i18n-ar .full_observances_list a::after { margin-right: 3px; content: "\f100"; } .page-node-132204 .property_home_page_section.gray-bg { background-color: #ffffff !important; } .page-node-132204 .property_home_page_section.gray-bg .container { background-color: #f2f2f2 !important; padding-top: 4rem; padding-bottom: 4rem; } body.page-node-132204.property-type-14.node-type-property .property_home_page_section.gray-bg { padding-top: inherit; padding-bottom: inherit; } .i18n-ar .front-wrapper header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand { font-size: 2.1rem; margin-top: 0.5rem; line-height: 1.6; } .node-type-book.og-context-node-40059 ul { list-style: inherit; } .node-type-book.og-context-node-40059 ul li { list-style-image: inherit; list-style-type: inherit; margin-left: 2em; } ul#main-menu li.menu-33990.top-level a, ul#main-menu li.menu-45720.top-level a, ul#main-menu li.menu-45912.top-level a, ul#main-menu li.menu-46218.top-level a, ul#main-menu li.menu-46227.top-level a, ul#main-menu li.menu-46154.top-level a, ul#main-menu li.menu-46228.top-level a { background-color: #009edb; } ul#main-menu li.menu-33990.top-level a.active, ul#main-menu li.menu-33990.top-level a:hover, ul#main-menu li.menu-33990.top-level a.active-menu, ul#main-menu li.menu-45720.top-level a.active, ul#main-menu li.menu-45720.top-level a:hover, ul#main-menu li.menu-45720.top-level a.active-menu, ul#main-menu li.menu-45912.top-level a.active, ul#main-menu li.menu-45912.top-level a:hover, ul#main-menu li.menu-45912.top-level a.active-menu, ul#main-menu li.menu-46218.top-level a.active, ul#main-menu li.menu-46218.top-level a:hover, ul#main-menu li.menu-46218.top-level a.active-menu, ul#main-menu li.menu-46227.top-level a.active, ul#main-menu li.menu-46227.top-level a:hover, ul#main-menu li.menu-46227.top-level a.active-menu, ul#main-menu li.menu-46154.top-level a.active, ul#main-menu li.menu-46154.top-level a:hover, ul#main-menu li.menu-46154.top-level a.active-menu, ul#main-menu li.menu-46228.top-level a.active, ul#main-menu li.menu-46228.top-level a:hover, ul#main-menu li.menu-46228.top-level a.active-menu { background: #f2f2f2; color: black; } body.node-type-article #toggle-play, body.node-type-article #toggle-pause { bottom: 150px; } @media only screen and (max-width: 1000px) { .view-event-flat-calendar-by-property.view-display-id-page .views-field.views-field-title { clear: both; width: 500px !important; float: right; display: block; } .view-event-flat-calendar-by-property.view-display-id-page .views-field.views-field-field-event-date-1 { float: left; margin-right: 0px; } } @media only screen and (max-width: 720px) { .view-event-flat-calendar-by-property.view-display-id-page .views-field.views-field-title { width: 360px !important; } } @media only screen and (max-width: 400px) { .view-event-flat-calendar-by-property.view-display-id-page .views-field.views-field-title { width: 200px !important; } } @media (max-width: 768px) { body.front #live_now_button { display: block; float: left !important; } body.front.i18n-ar #live_now_button { float: right !important; } header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-btn::after { border-right: 0; } body.not-front header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img { height: 40px; width: 89px; } body.not-front .navbar-header .navbar-brand-img-subtitle-1, body.not-front .navbar-header .navbar-brand-img-subtitle-2 { margin-top: 60px; padding: 0; } body.i18n-ar li.top-level ul.subnav-active, body.i18n-ar li.top-level ul.subnav-active-menu { padding: 0; position: inherit; } body.i18n-ar ul#main-menu ul.subnav li { padding-bottom: 10px; padding-top: 10px; padding-right: 2em; background-color: #ffffff; float: none; border-bottom: #f2f2f2 solid 1px; } body.i18n-ar ul#main-menu ul.subnav li a { background-color: #ffffff; padding: 0; } body.page-desa-products .table-responsive table.table { font-size: 8px; } body.page-desa-products .table-responsive > .table > tbody > tr > td { white-space: inherit; } } @media (min-width: 992px) { body.node-type-article .article-body ul { width: 55%; } body.node-type-article .node-article .image-gallery-main-image .image-metadata, .node-article .article-body .image-metadata, .node-type-article .node-article > .image-metadata { width: 55%; } } /*Ocean 2022 logo*/ /* body.property-type-8453 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img { width: 261px !important; height: 79px !important; margin-top: 0; } @media (max-width: 768px) { body.property-type-8453 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img { width: 164px !important; height: 50px !important; margin-top: 0; } body.og-context-node-170924 header#navbar .navbar-header .navbar-brand.navbar-brand-img img { width: 66px !important; margin-top: -14px; } } */ </style> </section> <section id="block-block-60" class="block block-block clearfix"> <style type="text/css">/* -- begin added by Tulin -- */ /* ****** effects for headers ***** */ h1.header-entry-page { font-size: 4.5rem !important; } h3.header-lg { font-size: 4rem; } h3.header-md { font-size: 3rem; } .heading-underlined-blue::after { content: ''; display: block; margin: 1.5rem 0 2rem 0; border-top: #00a1d9 solid 3px; width: 33%; } .heading-underlined-blue { margin-top: 5rem; } .heading-center-underline { text-align: center !important; } .heading-center-underline::after { content: ''; display: block; margin-left: 25% !important; margin-right: 50% !important; text-align: center; margin-top: 1.0501050105rem; border-top: #009edb solid 3px; width: 50% !important; } /* ******* layout visual aid **** */ blockquote p::before { content: "\f10d"; font-family: 'Fontawesome'; float: left; margin-right: 10px; } .grey-well { padding: 5rem; margin: auto 0 1.5rem 0; background-color: #f5f5f5; border: 1px solid #e3e3e3; border-radius: 0px; -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0,0,0,0.05); box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0,0,0,0.05); } .blue-well { background-color: #009edb; padding: 5rem; margin: auto 0 1.5rem 0; /*padding: 35px 35px; margin-bottom: 35px; text-align: center;*/ } .blue-well p, .blue-well ol, .blue-well ul, .blue-well li, .blue-well a, .blue-well a:hover, .blue-well a:active { color: #ffffff !important; font-size: 1.75rem !important; /*line-height: normal !important;*/ letter-spacing: normal; font-weight: 500; list-style: inherit; } .blue-well-nav-bar { padding: 2rem; } .blue-well h3, .blue-well h4 { color: #ffffff !important; font-size: 2.25rem !important; letter-spacing: normal; } .blue-well-large-text { font-size: 2rem !important; font-weight: 700; } .blue-well ol, .blue-well ul { padding-left: 2rem; } .blue-well a, .blue-well a:hover, .blue-well a:active { border-bottom: dotted 0.1rem #ffffff; } .blue-well a:hover { border-bottom: none; } .blue-well-header { color: #ffffff !important; line-height: normal !important; } .vertical-line-left { border-left: solid #eeeeee 5px; font-size: 1.2em; padding: 1em 1em; margin-bottom: 1.2em !important; } .vertical-line-right { border-right: 1px solid rgba(51,51,51,.2); font-size: 1.2em; padding: 1em 1em; margin-bottom: 1.2em !important; } .horizontal-line-top-drk { border-top: solid #aaa 1px; padding: 1rem 0 1rem 0; margin: 4rem 0 auto 0; max-width: 70%; } .horizontal-line-top { border-top: solid #eeeeee 5px; padding: 1rem 0 1rem 0; margin: 4rem 0 auto 0; max-width: 70%; } .horizontal-line-top-blue-arrow { border-top: solid #eeeeee 5px; background: url(https://www.un.org/sites/un2.un.org/files/arrow.png) no-repeat; margin-top: 20px; min-height: 30px; padding-left: 40px; max-width: 60%; } .top-bottom-dashed-line { margin: 3rem auto; padding: 3rem 3rem; border-top: 2px dashed #aaa; border-bottom: 2px dashed #aaa; width: 95%; } /* ***** padding and text copy-specific styles ***** */ .top-padding { margin-top: 2rem; } .photo-credit { font-size: 14px !important; margin-bottom: 2rem; } .caps { text-transform: uppercase; } .text-tagline { font-size: 2rem !important; font-weight: 700; } .text-blue { color: #337ab7; } .text-lead-lg { font-size: 18px !important; } /* **** icons for links ***** */ a.icon-blue-book::after { font-family: 'FontAwesome'; content:'\f2b9'; color:#009edb; padding: 0 1px 0 5px; } a.social-icon-android::after { font-family: 'FontAwesome'; content:'\f17b'; color:#009edb; padding: 0 1px 0 5px; } a.social-icon-apple::after { font-family: 'FontAwesome'; content:'\f179'; color:#009edb; padding: 0 1px 0 5px; } /* ***** lists ul/ol ***** */ ul.underline-links li a, ol.underline-links li a { border-bottom: dotted 0.1rem #333333 } ul.underline-links li a:hover, ol.underline-links li a:hover { border-bottom: none; } ol.ol-decimal { list-style-type: decimal; } ol.ol-lower-latin { list-style-type: lower-alpha; } ol.ol-decimal, ol.ol-lower-latin { margin: 1rem 1.5rem; padding: 0.5rem 1rem 1.75rem 1rem; } ol.ol-decimal li, ol.ol-lower-latin li { margin: 1.5rem 0; padding-left: 2rem; } ul.block-list li { font-weight: 700; border-bottom: #eeeeee dotted 2px; } ul.spaced-list li { padding: 1.5rem 0; } ul.block-list li a:before { font-family: FontAwesome; display: inline-block; padding-right: 6px; vertical-align: middle; content: "\f105"; font-size: 32.24px; font-weight: 600; color: #009edb; margin-right: 0.3em; } ul.block-list li h4 a:before { display: none; } /* ul.block-list li.leaf:before { font-family: FontAwesome; display: inline-block; padding-right: 6px; vertical-align: middle; content: "\f105"; font-size: 32.24px; font-weight: 600; color: #009edb; margin-right: 0.3em; }*/ ul.block-list li a { font-size: 2rem; font-weight: 600; } /* ************* side bar nav menu **************** */ .node-sidebar-item-body .menu > li > a { padding: 10px 0px; /* font-weight: bold; */ } .node-sidebar-item-body ul { list-style: none; } .node-sidebar-item-body ul li { margin: 10px 0px; } .node-sidebar-item-body ul li a:hover { text-decoration: underline; } .node-sidebar-item-body p a:hover { border-bottom: none; } .menu-sub { padding-left: 2em; list-style: circle !important; } /* ********* some padding for side bar items ********** */ .node-sidebar-item-body { margin-top: 1em; } /************ some interactivity */ .eventitem { -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12), 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.24); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12), 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.24); -ms-box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12), 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.24); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12), 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.24); box-shadow: 0 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.12), 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.24); -webkit-transition: all 0.25s ease-in-out; -moz-transition: all 0.25s ease-in-out; -ms-transition: all 0.25s ease-in-out; -o-transition: all 0.25s ease-in-out; transition: all 0.25s ease-in-out; } .eventitem:hover { -webkit-box-shadow: 0 10px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.19), 0 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.23); -moz-box-shadow: 0 10px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.19), 0 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.23); -ms-box-shadow: 0 10px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.19), 0 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.23); -o-box-shadow: 0 10px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.19), 0 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.23); box-shadow: 0 10px 20px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.19), 0 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.23); opacity: 0.7; } /* ******* phone ********** */ @media (max-width: 400px) { .grey-well { padding: 1rem; margin: auto 0 1.5rem 0; background-color: #f5f5f5; border: 1px solid #e3e3e3; border-radius: 0px; -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0,0,0,0.05); box-shadow: inset 0 1px 1px rgba(0,0,0,0.05); } } /* -- end added by Tulin -- */ /* -- begin added by Gedi --*/ .back-button { margin-top: 1em; } .card-body a { border-bottom: dotted 0.1rem #333333; } .back-to-toplink { text-align: right; padding-top: 5px; font-size: 1.2em; } .back-to-toplink a { border-bottom: dotted 0.1rem #333333; } .flag-container { float: right !important; } .country { box-shadow: 5px 5px 3px #f2f2f2; padding: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; } #memberStatesIndex { border: solid 1px #000; background: #eee; padding: 10px; text-align: center; margin-bottom: 1em; } #memberStatesIndex a { padding: 9px; font-size: 1.25em; font-weight: 700; } .member-state-grouping-letter { text-align: center; font-size: 2em !important; font-weight: bold; margin: 1em 0 0.5em 0; } .member-state-grouping-letter a { border: none; } .onimage_title { display: none; } .main-container.container { margin-top: 2rem; margin-bottom: 3em; } .image-metadata { border:none; margin-bottom: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; } .carousel-caption.top-text { bottom: 30px; padding: 10px; background: rgba(77,77,77,0.9); border-radius: 10px; left: 5%; right: 5%; } .carousel-caption.top-text p { text-align: left; color:#ffffff; } .carousel-caption.top-text button { background-color: #009edb; } .section1 { margin-top: 15px!important; margin-bottom: 25px !important; } h2.international-selection { text-align: center; } .observances { background: #009EDB; padding: 15px 0; } .observance-item { background: #4d4d4d; } .observance-item-title { padding:5px 10px !important; font-size: 2.5rem !important; } .observance-item-title a { color:#ffffff !important; } .observance-item-title a:hover { text-decoration: underline !important; } .international-items { padding: 20px; box-shadow: 5px 5px 3px #f2f2f2; position: relative; } .international-items.resolution { bottom: 20px; right: 20px; text-align: right; } /* **** adjusting for screen size ***** */ @media only screen and (min-width: 1200px) { .carousel-caption.top-text { /*top: 100px;*/ bottom: 100px; padding: 20px; border-radius: 10px; width: 360px; left: 5%; right: 60%; } .carousel-caption.top-text p { color:#ffffff; width: 310px; margin: auto 0; } } @media only screen and (min-width: 992px) { .un-anniversaries { text-align: right; } .un-multilingualism { text-align: left; } .unorg-home-hero.col-md-3 { width: 25% !important; } } @media only screen and (min-width: 992px) { .international-items { height: 205px; } .international-items.resolution { position: absolute; } } /* ******************** end added by Gedi ***************** */ </style> </section> <section id="block-block-63" class="block block-block clearfix"> <style type="text/css">p { font-family: "Helvetica Neue", "Microsoft Yahei", 微软雅黑, STXihei, 华文细黑; } body.not-front.i18n-zh-hans p { line-height: 1.58; } body.not-front div.category { font-size: 1.6rem; } body.node-type-property.property-type-3 .unorg-home-hero h2, body.node-type-article h1 { font-size: 3.2em; } body.i18n-zh-hans .menu-sub { list-style: circle !important; } #page-content p { padding-top: 0.4em; } 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class="col-sm-12"> <section> <div class="banner_alert"> <div class="view view-banner-by-property view-id-banner_by_property view-display-id-block view-dom-id-6388afc7f3e601b9ff16ca2f69f841c9"> </div> </div> <a id="main-content"></a>  <section class="region region-content"> <section id="block-system-main" class="block block-system clearfix"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-9"> <div id="node-128280" class="node node-article clearfix" about="/zh/global-issues/gender-equality" typeof="sioc:Item foaf:Document"> <div class="field-name-field-image"><img src="https://www.un.org/sites/un2.un.org/files/styles/large-article-image-style-16-9/public/2021/12/un-women_orange_cambodia.jpg" alt="三名身着橙色服装的女孩在一群穿着橙色衣服的人中行走。"/></div> <div class="image-metadata"><span class="image-caption">2015年，柬埔寨有数百人参加了暹粒赛跑，对暴力侵害妇女行为说“不”。联合国妇女署 / Niels den Hollander</span></div> <div class="category">全球议题</div> <h1 class="text-center">性别平等</h1> <div class="content"> <div class="article-body"> <h2 data-heading="我们这个时代的未竟事业">我们这个时代的未竟事业</h2> <p>　　妇女和女童占世界人口的一半，因此也占全世界人口潜力的一半。性别平等不仅是一项基本人权，也是充分发挥人类潜力、推动可持续发展并最终实现和平社会的重要环节。除此以外，增强妇女权能还对生产力提高和经济增长具有促进作用。</p> <p>　　然而，联合国妇女署警告说，要充分实现男女平权和机会平等，我们还有很长的路要走。因此，不论是结束各种形式的性别暴力，还是保证妇女、女童、男人、男童有平等的机会获得优质的教育和卫生服务、公平地享有经济资源和参与政治生活的权利，都是至关重要的。同时，享有平等的机会参与就业和担任各级领导及决策职位也同样重要。</p> <p>　　古特雷斯强调，如果我们要创造繁荣的经济和健康的地球，性别平等比以往任何时候都更重要。然而他也承认，我们面临着一个严峻的挑战：到2030年，促进性别平等措施的年度赤字将高达3600亿美元。</p> <p>　　为了扭转这一趋势，他确定了五个需要联合行动的关键领域：投资妇女、消除贫困、实施促进性别平等的融资、转向绿色经济和关爱社会以及支持女权变革者。</p> <h2 data-heading="联合国与妇女">联合国与妇女</h2> <p>　　联合国对妇女权利的支持始于《联合国宪章》（《宪章》）。<a href="https://www.un.org/zh/about-us/un-charter/chapter-1" rel="noopener" target="_blank">《宪章》第一条</a>指出：联合国的一大宗旨是“促成国际合作，……不分种族、性别、语言或宗教，增进并激励对于全体人类之人权及基本自由之尊重。”</p> <p>　　联合国成立后的第一年，经济及社会理事会设立了<a href="https://www.unwomen.org/en/csw" rel="noopener" target="_blank">妇女地位委员会</a>。作为专门致力于性别平等和提高妇女地位的重要全球性政策制定机构，该机构最早的成果之一是确保在<a href="https://www.un.org/zh/universal-declaration-human-rights/index.html" rel="noopener" target="_blank">《世界人权宣言》</a>草案中使用性别中立的语言。</p> <h2 data-heading="妇女与人权">妇女与人权</h2> <p>　　大会于1948年12月10日通过了《世界人权宣言》，使性别平等成为国际人权法的一部分。这一文件在人权历史上具有里程碑意义，声明“人人生而自由，在尊严和权利上一律平等”以及“人人有资格享有本宣言所载的一切权利和自由，不分种族、肤色、性别、语言、宗教……出生或其他身分等任何区别。”</p> <p>　　随着国际女权运动势头在1970年代加快，大会宣布1975年为国际妇女年，并在墨西哥城举办了第一次妇女问题世界会议。在该会议的敦促下，大会宣布1976年至1985年为<a href="https://www.un.org/en/ga/search/view_doc.asp?symbol=A/RES/3520%20(XXX)&Lang=C" rel="noopener" target="_blank">联合国妇女十年</a>，并设立了联合国妇女十年自愿基金。</p> <p>　　1979年，大会通过了<a href="http://www.un.org/zh/documents/treaty/A-RES-34-180" rel="noopener" target="_blank">《消除对妇女一切形式歧视公约》</a>，这个包含30条条款的公约经常被称为“国际妇女权利宪章”，明确界定了对妇女的歧视，并提出了一个让各缔约国采取行动消除这些歧视的议程。公约承认文化和传统是影响性别角色和家庭关系形成的重要力量，它是第一个认可妇女有生育权利的人权条约。</p> <p>　　墨西哥城妇女问题世界会议结束五年后，<a href="https://www.un.org/womenwatch/daw/beijing/copenhagen.html">第二次妇女问题世界会议</a>于1980年在哥本哈根举行。该会议通过的行动纲领呼吁强化国家层面的措施，以保障妇女的财产所有权和控制权，并改善妇女在继承、子女监护和丧失国籍方面的权利。</p> <h2 data-heading="全球女权运动的诞生">全球女权运动的诞生</h2> <p>　　1985年，“审查和评价联合国妇女十年：平等、发展与和平成就世界会议”在内罗毕举行。会议召开时正值争取性别平等的运动终于在全球范围内获得真正认可，有1.5万名非政府组织代表参加了平行召开的非政府组织论坛。</p> <p>　　许多人把这次会议视为“全球女权运动的诞生”。认识到墨西哥城妇女问题世界会议的目标尚未完全实现，此次与会的157国政府通过了<a href="https://www.un.org/womenwatch/confer/nfls/">《内罗毕提高妇女地位前瞻性战略》</a>。这份文件认为妇女问题与各领域的问题关联密切，这是一次新突破。</p> <h2 data-heading="北京举办妇女问题世界会议">北京举办妇女问题世界会议</h2> <p>　　第四次妇女问题世界会议于1995年在北京举行，这次会议在内罗毕会议的基础上又向前迈进了一步。北京会议通过的<a href="https://www.unwomen.org/sites/default/files/Headquarters/Attachments/Sections/CSW/PFA_E_Final_WEB.pdf">《北京宣言》和《行动纲要》</a>宣称妇女权利属于人权，并承诺采取具体行动确保这些妇女权利得到尊重。</p> <h2 data-heading="妇女地位委员会">妇女地位委员会</h2> <p>　　<a href="http://www.unwomen.org/en/csw" rel="noopener" target="_blank">妇女地位委员会</a>是专门致力于性别平等和增强妇女权能的重要全球性政府间机构，在完善妇女权利、记录全球妇女生活现状、为性别平等和增强妇女权能设立全球标准方面起到重要作用。</p> <p>　　2021-2024年间，专门委员会的优先事项是：</p> <ul> <li>妇女充分有效地参与公共生活和决策，消除暴力，实现性别平等并增强所有妇女和女童权能。</li> <li>在气候变化、环境和减少灾害风险政策和计划的背景下，实现性别平等并增强所有妇女和女童权能。</li> <li>创新和变革技术，加强数字时代的教育，实现性别平等并增强所有妇女和女童权能。</li> <li>从性别角度解决贫困问题，加强制度和筹资，从而加快实现性别平等，增强所有妇女和女童的权能。</li> </ul> <h2 data-heading="为妇女建立独立的联合国机构">为妇女建立独立的联合国机构</h2> <p>　　2010年7月2日，联大一致投票决定建立一个致力于加快实现性别平等和增强妇女权能的独立联合国机构。这个新的机构是联合国促进性别平等和增强妇女权能署（<a href="https://www.unwomen.org/en" rel="noopener" target="_blank">妇女署</a>），该机构由四个全球性机构和办公室合并组成：联合国妇女发展基金（妇发基金）、提高妇女地位司、性别问题和提高妇女地位问题特别顾问办公室、联合国提高妇女地位国际研究训练所（提高妇女地位研训所）。</p> <p>　　妇女署重点关注四个主要领域：促进妇女的领导力和政治参与、增强妇女的经济权能、消除暴力侵害妇女行为以及支持妇女充分、平等地参与和平进程和安全工作。</p> <h2 data-heading="妇女与可持续发展目标">妇女与可持续发展目标</h2> <h3 data-heading="性别平等与增强妇女权能">性别平等与增强妇女权能</h3> <p>　　联合国正专注于实现近期设立的17个<a href="https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/zh/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">可持续发展目标</a>。妇女对实现这些目标有<a href="https://www.unwomen.org/en/news/in-focus/women-and-the-sdgs" rel="noopener" target="_blank">关键作用</a>，因为很多目标都把承认妇女的平等地位以及增强妇女权能作为具体目标和解决方案的一部分。</p> <p>　　可持续发展<a href="http://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/zh/gender-equality/" rel="noopener" target="_blank">目标5</a>是“实现性别平等，增强所有妇女和女童的权能”，这是为性别议题单独设立的目标，致力于解决所有性别不平等的问题。我们需要深入法律和立法领域做出改变，保障全球妇女的权利。已有143个国家做出保证，截至2014年前把性别平等纳入宪法当中，尽管这是一项创纪录的进展，但仍有52个国家尚未采纳这个做法。</p> <p>　　经济和政治领域还存在明显的<a href="https://www.unwomen.org/en/digital-library/multimedia/2019/12/infographic-human-rights" rel="noopener" target="_blank">性别差异</a>，尽管过去数十年我们在消除性别差异方面取得进展，但目前妇女劳动力收入的全球平均水平仍比男性低20%。截至2024年，全世界所有国家的议会成员中只有26.8%是女性，该比例只比1995年的11.3%略微有所上升。</p> <h3 data-heading="消除对妇女的暴力行为">消除对妇女的暴力行为</h3> <p>　　联合国系统持续特别关注侵害妇女的暴力行为问题。1993年大会通过的<a href="https://www.ohchr.org/zh/instruments-mechanisms/instruments/declaration-elimination-violence-against-women">《消除对妇女的暴力行为宣言》</a>“明确而全面地确定对妇女的暴力行为的定义[和]明确阐述为确保消除对妇女的一切形式暴力而应予执行的权利”，这表示“各国应就其责任做出承诺，整个国际社会也应做出承诺，致力于消除对妇女的暴力”。</p> <p>　　各国普遍存在针对妇女的暴力行为，甚至在其他社会领域已取得备受赞赏的进步的国家，也存在对妇女的暴力行为。全球范围内有30%的妇女<a href="https://genderdata.worldbank.org/data-stories/overview-of-gender-based-violence/#:~:text=Two%20of%20the%20most%20prevalent,least%20once%20in%20their%20lifetime.">遭受身体暴力和/或亲密伴侣性暴力</a>或非伴侣性暴力。</p> <p>　　2017年9月，欧洲联盟和联合国共同发起了“<a href="http://www.un.org/zh/spotlight-initiative/index.shtml" rel="noopener" target="_blank">聚光灯倡议</a>”。这是一项全球多年倡议，旨在消除针对妇女和女童的一切形式的暴力行为。</p> <p>　　每年的11月25日是<a href="https://www.un.org/zh/observances/ending-violence-against-women-day" rel="noopener" target="_blank">制止暴力侵害妇女行为国际日</a>。</p> <h2 data-heading="国际妇女节和其他国际日">国际妇女节和其他国际日</h2> <p>　　每年的3月8日是<a href="https://www.un.org/zh/observances/womens-day" rel="noopener" target="_blank">国际妇女节</a>。这个节日起源于20世纪初北美和欧洲的工人运动，全世界许多国家都庆祝这个节日。无论妇女的国籍、民族、语言、文化、经济状况和政治立场如何，她们取得的成就都会在这一天得到肯定。</p> <p>　　除了前述的国际妇女节和消除对妇女的暴力行为国际日，联合国还纪念其他旨在提高人们对实现性别平等和增强妇女权能认识的国际日，包括：2月6日<a href="https://www.un.org/zh/observances/female-genital-mutilation-day" rel="noopener" target="_blank">残割女性生殖器零容忍国际日</a>、2月11日<a href="https://www.un.org/zh/observances/women-and-girls-in-science-day" rel="noopener" target="_blank">妇女和女童参与科学国际日</a>、6月19日<a href="https://www.un.org/zh/observances/end-sexual-violence-in-conflict-day" rel="noopener" target="_blank">消除冲突中性暴力行为国际日</a>、6月23日<a href="https://www.un.org/zh/observances/widows-day" rel="noopener" target="_blank">国际丧偶妇女日</a>、10月11日<a href="https://www.un.org/zh/observances/girl-child-day" rel="noopener" target="_blank">国际女童日</a>和10月15日<a href="https://www.un.org/zh/observances/rural-women-day" rel="noopener" target="_blank">国际农村妇女日</a>。</p> <h2 data-heading="性别包容性语言指南">性别包容性语言指南</h2> <p><a href="https://www.un.org/zh/gender-inclusive-language/"><img alt="Gender Inclusive Language Guidelines" src="https://www.un.org/sites/www.un.org/files/2018/08/15/gender-inclusive-language.jpg" style="float:right; height:272px; width:450px"></a>　　鉴于语言在塑造文化和社会态度方面发挥关键作用，使用性别包容性语言是促进性别平等和打击性别偏见的一个有力手段。</p> <p>　　使用性别包容性语言，意味着语言和文字表达方式不对某个性别、社会性别或性别认同构成歧视，也不固化性别陈规定型观念。</p> <p>　　<a href="https://www.un.org/zh/gender-inclusive-language/guidelines.shtml" rel="noopener" target="_blank">《指南》</a>中包括若干建议和材料，旨在帮助联合国工作人员在任何类型的交流中都使用性别包容性语言，无论这种交流是口头还是书面，是正式还是非正式。这对所有人而言都是一个有用的开端。</p> <h2 data-heading="资料来源">相关资料</h2> <ul> <li data-line="0"><a href="https://www.un.org/en/property-cards-by-og-global-category/287/6658" rel="noopener" target="_blank">联合国系统的相关故事</a></li> <li data-line="1"><a href="https://www.un.org/zh/conferences/women" rel="noopener" target="_blank">联合国会议-妇女和性别平等</a></li> <li data-line="2"><a href="https://www.unwomen.org/zh/csw/csw64-2020" rel="noopener" target="_blank">第四次妇女问题世界会议25周年（2020年）</a></li> <li data-line="3"><a href="https://www.unwomen.org/en/digital-library/multimedia/2019/12/infographic-human-rights" rel="noopener" target="_blank">图表：妇女的人权</a></li> <li data-line="4"><a href="http://www.unwomen.org/en/digital-library/progress-of-the-worlds-women" rel="noopener" target="_blank">世界妇女进程</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div 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