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<span>Later years</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Later_years-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Throwback_games" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Throwback_games"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Throwback games</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Throwback_games-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_players" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_players"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Notable players</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notable_players-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Notable players subsection</span> </button> <ul 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border: 2px solid #000000 !important;">Birmingham Black Barons</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><table style="width:100%;"><tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align: middle;text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Birmingham_Black_Barons_logo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/68/Birmingham_Black_Barons_logo.png/100px-Birmingham_Black_Barons_logo.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/68/Birmingham_Black_Barons_logo.png/151px-Birmingham_Black_Barons_logo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/68/Birmingham_Black_Barons_logo.png/201px-Birmingham_Black_Barons_logo.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="299" /></a></span></td> <td style="vertical-align: middle;text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Birmingham_Black_Barons_cap_logo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Birmingham_Black_Barons_cap_logo.png/100px-Birmingham_Black_Barons_cap_logo.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Birmingham_Black_Barons_cap_logo.png/149px-Birmingham_Black_Barons_cap_logo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Birmingham_Black_Barons_cap_logo.png/199px-Birmingham_Black_Barons_cap_logo.png 2x" data-file-width="217" data-file-height="218" /></a></span></td> </tr><tr> <th scope="col" style="font-weight:bold;text-align:center;">Team logo</th> <th scope="col" style="font-weight:bold;text-align:center;">Cap insignia</th> </tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #000000 !important; color: #FFFFFF !important; border: 2px solid #DCDCDC !important;">Information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">League</th><td class="infobox-data"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Negro_Southern_League_(1920%E2%80%9336)" class="mw-redirect" title="Negro Southern League (1920–36)">Negro Southern League</a> (1920–1923)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negro_National_League_(1920-1931)" class="mw-redirect" title="Negro National League (1920-1931)">Negro National League (I)</a> (1924–1925)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negro_Southern_League_(1920%E2%80%9336)" class="mw-redirect" title="Negro Southern League (1920–36)">Negro Southern League</a> (1926)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negro_National_League_(1920-1931)" class="mw-redirect" title="Negro National League (1920-1931)">Negro National League (I)</a> (1927–1930)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negro_Southern_League_(1920%E2%80%9336)" class="mw-redirect" title="Negro Southern League (1920–36)">Negro Southern League</a> (1931–1936)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negro_American_League" title="Negro American League">Negro American League</a> (1937–1938)</li> <li>Did not play (1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negro_American_League" title="Negro American League">Negro American League</a> (1940–1960)</li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Birmingham,_Alabama" title="Birmingham, Alabama">Birmingham, Alabama</a></td></tr><tr class="adr"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Ballpark</th><td class="infobox-data extended-address"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rickwood_Field" title="Rickwood Field">Rickwood Field</a></li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Established</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/1920_in_baseball" title="1920 in baseball">1920</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Disbanded</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/1960_in_baseball" title="1960 in baseball">1960</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">League titles</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/1943_Negro_World_Series" title="1943 Negro World Series">1943</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1944_Negro_World_Series" title="1944 Negro World Series">1944</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/1948_Negro_World_Series" title="1948 Negro World Series">1948</a></li><li>1959</li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Birmingham Black Barons</b> were a <a href="/wiki/Negro_league_baseball" title="Negro league baseball">Negro league baseball</a> team that played from 1920 until 1960, including 18 seasons recognized as Major League by <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball" title="Major League Baseball">Major League Baseball</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They shared their home field of <a href="/wiki/Rickwood_Field" title="Rickwood Field">Rickwood Field</a> in <a href="/wiki/Birmingham,_Alabama" title="Birmingham, Alabama">Birmingham, Alabama</a>, with the white <a href="/wiki/Birmingham_Barons" title="Birmingham Barons">Birmingham Barons</a>, usually drawing larger crowds and equal press. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Founding">Founding</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Birmingham_Black_Barons&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Founding"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Drawing largely from a successful <a href="/wiki/American_Cast_Iron_Pipe_Company" title="American Cast Iron Pipe Company">American Cast Iron Pipe Company</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Industrial_League&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Industrial League (page does not exist)">Industrial League</a> team, the Black Barons were organized in 1920 for the inaugural season of <a href="/wiki/Rube_Foster" title="Rube Foster">Rube Foster</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Negro_Southern_League_(1920%E2%80%9336)" class="mw-redirect" title="Negro Southern League (1920–36)">Negro Southern League</a>, which operated mainly as a minor league. They played in that league for three years before making the leap to the larger <a href="/wiki/Negro_National_League_(1920-1931)" class="mw-redirect" title="Negro National League (1920-1931)">Negro National League</a>, which operated as a major league. They were unable to keep their position due to irregularities with the team finances and returned to the Southern League for three more years. Their return to the National League in 1927 was marked by the emergence of star pitcher <a href="/wiki/Satchel_Paige" title="Satchel Paige">Satchel Paige</a>, who led the Black Barons to the second half pennant. They lost the Negro National League title to the <a href="/wiki/Chicago_American_Giants" title="Chicago American Giants">Chicago American Giants</a> in four straight games. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_years">Later years</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Birmingham_Black_Barons&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Later years"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>For the next decade or so they alternated leagues before being bought by <a href="/wiki/Memphis,_Tennessee" title="Memphis, Tennessee">Memphis, Tennessee</a> funeral home director <a href="/wiki/Tom_Hayes_(baseball)" title="Tom Hayes (baseball)">Tom Hayes</a> in December 1939.<sup id="cite_ref-Black_Barons_To_Run_Next_Season_Under_New_Setup_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Black_Barons_To_Run_Next_Season_Under_New_Setup-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The club joined the <a href="/wiki/Negro_American_League" title="Negro American League">Negro American League</a> in 1940. Early in the decade the team was sold again to <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Saperstein" class="mw-redirect" title="Abraham Saperstein">Abraham Saperstein</a> who also owned the <a href="/wiki/Harlem_Globetrotters" title="Harlem Globetrotters">Harlem Globetrotters</a> basketball team. In 1943 and 1944 they won back-to-back pennants. Starting in 1945, they became full members of the Negro American League and continued their success, winning a third pennant in 1948 with the help of teenage outfielder <a href="/wiki/Willie_Mays" title="Willie Mays">Willie Mays</a>. They ended up losing three <a href="/wiki/Negro_World_Series" title="Negro World Series">Negro World Series</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Homestead_Grays" title="Homestead Grays">Homestead Grays</a> that decade, forging a notable rivalry. As the National and American Leagues started signing talented African American players, the Black Barons tried to form a <a href="/wiki/Negro_Southern_League_(1945%E2%80%9351)" class="mw-redirect" title="Negro Southern League (1945–51)">new Negro Southern League</a> with three other Southern teams.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2013)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The franchise was owned by William Bridgeforth from 1952 to 1955, and by Sid Lynor and Floyd Meshac in 1955. Dr. Anderson Ross purchased the franchise in 1956 and renamed the team the Birmingham Giants.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Black Barons played their last game in 1960. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Throwback_games">Throwback games</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Birmingham_Black_Barons&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Throwback games"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Coming_in_from_Warmup.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Coming_in_from_Warmup.jpg/250px-Coming_in_from_Warmup.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Coming_in_from_Warmup.jpg/375px-Coming_in_from_Warmup.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Coming_in_from_Warmup.jpg/500px-Coming_in_from_Warmup.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Black Barons 2006</figcaption></figure> <p>The 1999 <a href="/wiki/Rickwood_Field#Current_status" title="Rickwood Field">Rickwood Classic</a> honored the Black Barons, with the <a href="/wiki/Birmingham_Barons" title="Birmingham Barons">Birmingham Barons</a> and <a href="/wiki/Huntsville_Stars" title="Huntsville Stars">Huntsville Stars</a> wearing throwback uniforms. Some 35 former Negro leagues players, including former Black Baron <a href="/wiki/Charley_Pride" title="Charley Pride">Charley Pride</a>, attended. </p><p>On February 26, 2006, <a href="/wiki/ESPN_Classic" title="ESPN Classic">ESPN Classic</a> broadcast a throwback game from <a href="/wiki/Rickwood_Field" title="Rickwood Field">Rickwood Field</a> featuring amateur players in the uniforms of the Birmingham Black Barons and fictitious "Bristol Barnstormers". The style of play, the equipment and the umpires all reflected the 1940s game. Willie Mays and Charley Pride were both in attendance. The Black Barons rallied to break an eighth inning tie and win the game, 9–8. </p><p>On June 18, 2024, as part of Major League Baseball's Tribute to the Negro Leagues event held at Rickwood Field, the Birmingham Barons and <a href="/wiki/Montgomery_Biscuits" title="Montgomery Biscuits">Montgomery Biscuits</a> played as their Negro League predecessors of the Birmingham Black Barons and Montgomery Gray Sox; the game was broadcast live on the <a href="/wiki/MLB_Network" title="MLB Network">MLB Network</a>. Of particular note is that the game was paused in the bottom of the 7th inning for the announcement that baseball great Willie Mays had died.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Montgomery won the game 6-5.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_players">Notable players</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Birmingham_Black_Barons&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Notable players"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In addition to <a href="/wiki/Satchel_Paige" title="Satchel Paige">Satchel Paige</a>, <a href="/wiki/Willie_Mays" title="Willie Mays">Willie Mays</a> also played as center fielder during both the 1948 and 1949 seasons. <a href="/wiki/Mule_Suttles" title="Mule Suttles">Mule Suttles</a> was a member of the Black Barons in 1924 and 1925 seasons. Suttles was elected to the <a href="/wiki/Baseball_Hall_of_Fame" class="mw-redirect" title="Baseball Hall of Fame">Baseball Hall of Fame</a> in 2006. Other players, like <a href="/wiki/Artie_Wilson" title="Artie Wilson">Artie Wilson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bill_Greason" title="Bill Greason">Bill Greason</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Jay_Heard" title="Jay Heard">Jay Heard</a> also saw limited time (under 20 games each) in the Major Leagues. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hall_of_Fame_players">Hall of Fame players</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Birmingham_Black_Barons&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Hall of Fame players"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The following Black Barons players have been inducted into the <a href="/wiki/National_Baseball_Hall_of_Fame" class="mw-redirect" title="National Baseball Hall of Fame">National Baseball Hall of Fame</a> in <a href="/wiki/Cooperstown,_New_York" title="Cooperstown, New York">Cooperstown, New York</a>. </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="4">Birmingham Black Barons Hall of Famers </th></tr> <tr> <th>Inductee </th> <th>Position </th> <th>Tenure </th> <th>Inducted </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Willie_Mays" title="Willie Mays">Willie Mays</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Center_fielder" title="Center fielder">CF</a></td> <td>1948–1949</td> <td>1979 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Satchel_Paige" title="Satchel Paige">Satchel Paige</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pitcher" title="Pitcher">P</a></td> <td>1927–1930</td> <td>1971 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mule_Suttles" title="Mule Suttles">Mule Suttles</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/First_baseman" title="First baseman">1B</a></td> <td>1924–1925</td> <td>2006 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Willie_Wells" title="Willie Wells">Willie Wells</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Shortstop" title="Shortstop">SS</a></td> <td>1941</td> <td>1997 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_star_players">Other star players</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Birmingham_Black_Barons&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Other star players"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Bankhead" title="Dan Bankhead">Dan Bankhead</a> (1940–1942, 1944)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Bankhead" title="Sam Bankhead">Sam Bankhead</a> (1931–1932)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyman_Bostock_Sr." title="Lyman Bostock Sr.">Lyman Bostock Sr.</a> (1940–1942, 1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piper_Davis" title="Piper Davis">Piper Davis</a> (1942–1950)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Greason" title="Bill Greason">Bill Greason</a> (1948–1949)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jay_Heard" title="Jay Heard">Jay Heard</a> (1946–1948)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Newberry" title="Jimmy Newberry">Jimmy Newberry</a> (1944–1950)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charley_Pride" title="Charley Pride">Charley Pride</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artie_Wilson" title="Artie Wilson">Artie Wilson</a> (1944–1948)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Birmingham_Black_Barons&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns 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a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mlb.com/press-release/press-release-mlb-officially-designates-the-negro-leagues-as-major-league">"MLB officially designates the Negro Leagues as 'Major League'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>MLB.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-07-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MLB.com&rft.atitle=MLB+officially+designates+the+Negro+Leagues+as+%27Major+League%27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mlb.com%2Fpress-release%2Fpress-release-mlb-officially-designates-the-negro-leagues-as-major-league&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABirmingham+Black+Barons" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Black_Barons_To_Run_Next_Season_Under_New_Setup-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Black_Barons_To_Run_Next_Season_Under_New_Setup_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/93621387/black-barons-to-run-next-season-under/">"Black Barons To Run Next Season Under New Setup"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Birmingham_News" title="The Birmingham News">The Birmingham News</a></i>. December 17, 1939. p. 28<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 27,</span> 2022</span> – via Newspapers.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Birmingham+News&rft.atitle=Black+Barons+To+Run+Next+Season+Under+New+Setup&rft.pages=28&rft.date=1939-12-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F93621387%2Fblack-barons-to-run-next-season-under%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABirmingham+Black+Barons" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=B-clAAAAIBAJ&sjid=cfUFAAAAIBAJ&pg=3961,5004251&dq=phillies&hl=en">"Black Barons get a new name - Giants"</a>. <i>Baltimore Afro-American</i>. 1956-03-27. p. 17.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Baltimore+Afro-American&rft.atitle=Black+Barons+get+a+new+name+-+Giants&rft.pages=17&rft.date=1956-03-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DB-clAAAAIBAJ%26sjid%3DcfUFAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D3961%2C5004251%26dq%3Dphillies%26hl%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABirmingham+Black+Barons" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.espn.com/video/clip/_/id/40383774">"Clinton Yates details 'surreal' Willie Mays tribute at Rickwood Field - ESPN Video"</a>. <i>ESPN.com</i>. 2024-06-19<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-07-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ESPN.com&rft.atitle=Clinton+Yates+details+%27surreal%27+Willie+Mays+tribute+at+Rickwood+Field+-+ESPN+Video&rft.date=2024-06-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.espn.com%2Fvideo%2Fclip%2F_%2Fid%2F40383774&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABirmingham+Black+Barons" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.milb.com/gameday/biscuits-vs-barons/2024/06/18/750237/final/box">"Gameday: Biscuits 6, Barons 5 Final Score (06/18/2024)"</a>. <i>MiLB.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-07-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MiLB.com&rft.atitle=Gameday%3A+Biscuits+6%2C+Barons+5+Final+Score+%2806%2F18%2F2024%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.milb.com%2Fgameday%2Fbiscuits-vs-barons%2F2024%2F06%2F18%2F750237%2Ffinal%2Fbox&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABirmingham+Black+Barons" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Birmingham_Black_Barons&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Fullerton, Christopher D. (1999). <i>Every Other Sunday: The Story of the Birmingham Black Barons</i>. Birmingham: R. Boozer Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9636128-2-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-9636128-2-4">0-9636128-2-4</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://northbysouth.kenyon.edu/2000/baseball/BBB_intro.htm">Birmingham Black Barons</a> at the Birmingham-Pittsburgh Traveler page - accessed April 3, 2006</li> <li>"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070312051149/http://www.southernliving.com/southern/printerfriendly/0%2C14260%2C1175377%2C00.html">Still in the Game</a>" (April 2006) <i>Southern Living</i>.</li> <li>Jordan, Phillip (February 23, 2006). "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060404015550/http://www.bhamweekly.com/archived/pages/20060223_cover%20story.php">Nine Innings in Rickwood</a>". <i>Birmingham Weekly</i>.</li> <li>Daily Defender. Chicago, Ill.: 1962.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Birmingham_Black_Barons&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.seamheads.com/NegroLgs/organization.php?franchID=BBB">Franchise history at Seamheads.com</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Negro_Southern_League_(1920–1936)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini 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template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Negro_Southern_League_(1920%E2%80%931936)" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Negro Southern League (1920–1936)"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Negro_Southern_League_(1920–1936)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Negro_Southern_League_(1920%E2%80%931936)" title="Negro Southern League (1920–1936)">Negro Southern League (1920–1936)</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><b>Classifications</b>: <b>Major league (<i>de facto</i>)</b>: 1932</li> <li><b>Minor league</b>: 1920–1931, 1933–1936</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major league teams<br />(1932)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atlanta_Black_Crackers" title="Atlanta Black Crackers">Atlanta Black Crackers</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Birmingham Black Barons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_American_Giants" title="Chicago American Giants">Cole's American Giants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indianapolis_ABCs_(1931%E2%80%931933)" title="Indianapolis ABCs (1931–1933)">Indianapolis ABCs (II)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Rock_Grays" title="Little Rock Grays">Little Rock Grays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisville_Black_Caps" title="Louisville Black Caps">Louisville Black Caps/Columbus Turfs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memphis_Red_Sox" title="Memphis Red Sox">Memphis Red Sox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monroe_Monarchs" title="Monroe Monarchs">Monroe Monarchs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montgomery_Grey_Sox" title="Montgomery Grey Sox">Montgomery Grey Sox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltimore_Elite_Giants" title="Baltimore Elite Giants">Nashville Elite Giants</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Minor league teams</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Multi seasons<br />played</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Knoxville_Giants" title="Knoxville Giants">Knoxville Giants</a> (1920–22,31)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montgomery_Grey_Sox" title="Montgomery Grey Sox">Montgomery Grey Sox</a> (1920–22,26,31–33,35–36)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlanta_Black_Crackers" title="Atlanta Black Crackers">Atlanta Black Crackers</a> (1920–21,26–27,29,35–36)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Birmingham Black Barons</a> (1920–21,23,26,31,34–36)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Orleans_Ads" title="New Orleans Ads">New Orleans Caulfield Ads</a> (1920–22,26,29,35)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltimore_Elite_Giants" title="Baltimore Elite Giants">Nashville Elite Giants</a> (1921–23,26–27,29,31–32)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memphis_Red_Sox" title="Memphis Red Sox">Memphis Red Sox</a> (1921–23,26,31–33–36)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Orleans_Crescent_Stars" title="New Orleans Crescent Stars">New Orleans Crescent Stars</a> (1922–23,33–34)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chattanooga_Black_Lookouts" title="Chattanooga Black Lookouts">Chattanooga Black Lookouts</a> (1926–27,29,31,35–36)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisville_Black_Caps" title="Louisville Black Caps">Louisville Black Caps</a> (1929)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Two seasons<br />played or less</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jacksonville_Stars&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jacksonville Stars (page does not exist)">Jacksonville Stars</a> (1920)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pensacola_Giants&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pensacola Giants (page does not exist)">Pensacola Giants</a> (1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nashville_White_Sox" title="Nashville White Sox">Nashville White Sox</a> (1920)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chattanooga_Tigers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chattanooga Tigers (page does not exist)">Chattanooga Tigers</a> (1921–22)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bessemer_Stars" title="Bessemer Stars">Bessemer (AL) Stars/Grey Sox</a> (1921,27)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gadsden_Giants&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gadsden Giants (page does not exist)">Gadsden (AL) Giants</a> (1921)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mobile_Braves&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mobile Braves (page does not exist)">Mobile Braves</a> (1921)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisville_Black_Caps" title="Louisville Black Caps">Louisville Stars</a> (1922)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albany_Giants" title="Albany Giants">Albany (GA) Giants</a> (1926)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Evansville_Reichert_Giants&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Evansville Reichert Giants (page does not exist)">Evansville Reichert Giants</a> (1927,29)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hopkinsville_Athletics&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hopkinsville Athletics (page does not exist)">Hopkinsville (KY) Athletics</a> (1927,36)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jackson_Cubs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jackson Cubs (page does not exist)">Jackson (TN) Cubs</a> (1927)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlanta_Panthers" class="mw-redirect" title="Atlanta Panthers">Atlanta Panthers</a> (1931)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shreveport_Cubs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shreveport Cubs (page does not exist)">Shreveport Cubs</a> (1933)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Algiers_Giants&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Algiers Giants (page does not exist)">Algiers (LA) Giants</a> (1933)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Little_Rock_Stars&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Little Rock Stars (page does not exist)">Little Rock Stars</a> (1933)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jackson_Senators_(Negro_leagues)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jackson Senators (Negro leagues) (page does not exist)">Jackson (TN) Senators</a> (1933)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alexandria_Lincoln_Giants&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alexandria Lincoln Giants (page does not exist)">Alexandria (LA) Lincoln Giants</a> (1933)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pine_Bluff_Boosters&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pine Bluff Boosters (page does not exist)">Pine Bluff (AR) Boosters</a> (1933)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Tigers" title="Cincinnati Tigers">Cincinnati Tigers</a> (1934,36)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atlanta_Athletics&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Atlanta Athletics (page does not exist)">Atlanta Athletics</a> (1934)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Claybrook_Tigers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Claybrook Tigers (page does not exist)">Claybrook (AR) Tigers</a> (1935)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louisville_Caps&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Louisville Caps (page does not exist)">Louisville Caps</a> (1934)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nashville_Cubs" title="Nashville Cubs">Nashville Black Vols</a> (1936)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><small>Years in parentheses are years as a full member in the Negro Southern League. Years as an <a href="/wiki/Associate_team" class="mw-redirect" title="Associate team">associate team</a> are not noted.</small> <ul><li><small>The Negro Southern League did not organize for the following seasons: 1924–1925, 1928, 1930</small></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Negro_National_League_(1920–1931)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Negro_National_League_(1920%E2%80%931931)" title="Template:Negro National League (1920–1931)"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Negro_National_League_(1920%E2%80%931931)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Negro National League (1920–1931) (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Negro_National_League_(1920%E2%80%931931)" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Negro National League (1920–1931)"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Negro_National_League_(1920–1931)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Negro_National_League_(1920%E2%80%931931)" title="Negro National League (1920–1931)">Negro National League (1920–1931)</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Teams</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Birmingham Black Barons</a> (1924–1925, 1927–1930)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_American_Giants" title="Chicago American Giants">Chicago American Giants</a> (1920–1930)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Giants" title="Chicago Giants">Chicago Giants</a> (1920–1921)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Browns_(baseball)" title="Cleveland Browns (baseball)">Cleveland Browns</a> (1924)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Cubs" title="Cleveland Cubs">Cleveland Cubs</a> (1931)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Elites" title="Cleveland Elites">Cleveland Elites</a> (1926)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Hornets" title="Cleveland Hornets">Cleveland Hornets</a> (1927)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Tate_Stars" title="Cleveland Tate Stars">Cleveland Tate Stars</a> (1922–1923)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Tigers_(baseball)" title="Cleveland Tigers (baseball)">Cleveland Tigers</a> (1928)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbus_Buckeyes_(Negro_National_League)" title="Columbus Buckeyes (Negro National League)">Columbus Buckeyes</a> (1921)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuban_Stars_(West)" title="Cuban Stars (West)">Cuban Stars (West)</a> (1920–1930)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dayton_Marcos" title="Dayton Marcos">Dayton Marcos</a> (1920, 1926)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detroit_Stars" title="Detroit Stars">Detroit Stars</a> (1920–1931)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indianapolis_ABCs" title="Indianapolis ABCs">Indianapolis ABCs</a> (1920–1924, 1925–1926)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indianapolis_ABCs_(1931%E2%80%931933)" title="Indianapolis ABCs (1931–1933)">Indianapolis ABCs (II)</a> (1931)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kansas_City_Monarchs" title="Kansas City Monarchs">Kansas City Monarchs</a> (1920–1930)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louisville_Black_Caps" title="Louisville Black Caps">Louisville Black Caps/White Sox</a> (1931)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memphis_Red_Sox" title="Memphis Red Sox">Memphis Red Sox</a> (1924–1925, 1927–1930)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milwaukee_Bears" title="Milwaukee Bears">Milwaukee Bears</a> (1923)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltimore_Elite_Giants" title="Baltimore Elite Giants">Nashville Elite Giants</a> (1930)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh_Keystones_(baseball)" title="Pittsburgh Keystones (baseball)">Pittsburgh Keystones</a> (1922)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Stars_(baseball)" title="St. Louis Stars (baseball)">St. Louis Giants/St. Louis Stars</a> (1920–1931)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toledo_Tigers" title="Toledo Tigers">Toledo Tigers</a> (1923)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><small>Years in parentheses are years as a full member in the Negro National League. Years as an <a href="/wiki/Associate_team" class="mw-redirect" title="Associate team">associate team</a> are not noted.</small></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Negro_American_League_(1937–1962)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Negro_American_League" title="Template:Negro American League"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Negro_American_League&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Negro American League (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Negro_American_League" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Negro American League"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Negro_American_League_(1937–1962)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Negro_American_League" title="Negro American League">Negro American League (1937–1962)</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pre-integration<br />(1937–1948)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atlanta_Black_Crackers" title="Atlanta Black Crackers">Atlanta Black Crackers/Indianapolis ABCs (IV)</a> (1938–1939)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Birmingham Black Barons</a> (1937–1938, 1940–1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_American_Giants" title="Chicago American Giants">Chicago American Giants</a> (1937–1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_Tigers" title="Cincinnati Tigers">Cincinnati Tigers</a> (1937)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Buckeyes" title="Cleveland Buckeyes">Cincinnati/Cleveland/Louisville Buckeyes</a> (1942–1950)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detroit_Stars_(1937)" title="Detroit Stars (1937)">Detroit Stars (III)</a> (1937)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indianapolis_Athletics" title="Indianapolis Athletics">Indianapolis Athletics</a> (1937)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indianapolis_Clowns" title="Indianapolis Clowns">Cincinnati/Indianapolis Clowns</a> (1943–1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh_Crawfords" title="Pittsburgh Crawfords">Toledo/Indianapolis Crawfords</a> (1939–1940)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacksonville_Red_Caps" title="Jacksonville Red Caps">Jacksonville Red Caps/Cleveland Bears</a> (1938–1942)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kansas_City_Monarchs" title="Kansas City Monarchs">Kansas City Monarchs</a> (1937–1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memphis_Red_Sox" title="Memphis Red Sox">Memphis Red Sox</a> (1937–1959)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Stars_(1937)" title="St. Louis Stars (1937)">St. Louis Stars (II)</a> (1937)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Louis%E2%80%93New_Orleans_Stars" title="St. Louis–New Orleans Stars">Indianapolis ABCs (II)/New Orleans–St. Louis Stars</a> (1938–1941)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Post-integration<br />(1949–1962)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baltimore_Elite_Giants" title="Baltimore Elite Giants">Baltimore Elite Giants</a> (1949–1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detroit%E2%80%93New_Orleans_Stars" title="Detroit–New Orleans Stars">Detroit Stars/Clowns/Detroit–New Orleans Stars</a> (1954–1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newark_Eagles" title="Newark Eagles">Houston/New Orleans Eagles</a> (1949–1951)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louisville_Clippers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Louisville Clippers (page does not exist)">Louisville Clippers</a> (1954)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mobile_Havana_Cuban_Giants&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mobile Havana Cuban Giants (page does not exist)">Mobile Havana Cuban Giants</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Orleans_Crescent_Stars_(1957)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="New Orleans Crescent Stars (1957) (page does not exist)">New Orleans Crescent Stars</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Newark_Indians_(1959)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Newark Indians (1959) (page does not exist)">Newark Indians</a> (1959)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Cubans" title="New York Cubans">New York Cubans</a> (1949–1950)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Stars_(baseball)" title="Philadelphia Stars (baseball)">Philadelphia Stars</a> (1949–1952)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Raleigh_Tigers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Raleigh Tigers (page does not exist)">Raleigh Tigers</a> (1959–1962)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><small>Years in parentheses are years as a full member in the Negro American League. Years as an <a href="/wiki/Associate_team" class="mw-redirect" title="Associate team">associate team</a> are not noted.</small></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Negro_league_baseball" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Negro_League_teams" title="Template:Negro League teams"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Negro_League_teams" title="Template talk:Negro League teams"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Negro_League_teams" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Negro League teams"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Negro_league_baseball" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Negro_league_baseball" title="Negro league baseball">Negro league baseball</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Players</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_Negro_league_baseball_players" title="Lists of Negro league baseball players">List of players</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Negro_league_baseball_players_(A%E2%80%93D)" title="List of Negro league baseball players (A–D)">A–D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Negro_league_baseball_players_(E%E2%80%93L)" title="List of Negro league baseball players (E–L)">E–L</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Negro_league_baseball_players_(M%E2%80%93R)" title="List of Negro league baseball players (M–R)">M–R</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Negro_league_baseball_players_(S%E2%80%93Z)" title="List of Negro league baseball players (S–Z)">S–Z</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_first_black_Major_League_Baseball_players" title="List of first black Major League Baseball players">First black players in MLB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Negro_league_baseball_players_who_played_in_Major_League_Baseball" title="List of Negro league baseball players who played in Major League Baseball">Negro leaguers who played in MLB</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Post-season</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Negro_league_baseball_postseason_games" title="List of Negro league baseball postseason games">List of Negro league baseball postseason games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Negro_league_baseball_champions" title="List of Negro league baseball champions">List of league champions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negro_World_Series" title="Negro World Series">Negro World Series</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International competitions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Series" title="American Series">American Series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serie_Monumental" title="Serie Monumental">Serie Monumental</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Teams</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_Negro_league_baseball_teams" title="Lists of Negro league baseball teams">List of teams by state</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_major_Negro_league_baseball_teams" title="List of major Negro league baseball teams">major league teams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_minor_Negro_league_baseball_teams" title="List of minor Negro league baseball teams">minor league teams</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Negro_league_baseball_teams" title="Timeline of Negro league baseball teams">Timeline of teams</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Leagues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major leagues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Negro_National_League_(1920%E2%80%931931)" title="Negro National League (1920–1931)">Negro National League (I)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Colored_League" title="Eastern Colored League">Eastern Colored League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Negro_League" title="American Negro League">American Negro League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East%E2%80%93West_League" title="East–West League">East–West League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negro_Southern_League_(1920%E2%80%931936)" title="Negro Southern League (1920–1936)">Negro Southern League (I)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negro_National_League_(1933%E2%80%931948)" title="Negro National League (1933–1948)">Negro National League (II)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negro_American_League" title="Negro American League">Negro American League</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Proto-leagues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Southern_League_of_Colored_Base_Ballists" title="Southern League of Colored Base Ballists">Southern League of Colored Base Ballists (1886)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Colored_Base_Ball_League" title="National Colored Base Ball League">National Colored Base Ball League (1887)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_League_of_Independent_Professional_Base_Ball_Clubs" title="International League of Independent Professional Base Ball Clubs">International League of Independent Professional Base Ball Clubs (1906)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Association_of_Colored_Baseball_Clubs_of_the_United_States_and_Cuba" title="National Association of Colored Baseball Clubs of the United States and Cuba">National Association of Colored Baseball Clubs of the United States and Cuba (1907–1909)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Minor leagues</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Negro_Southern_League_(1920%E2%80%931936)" title="Negro Southern League (1920–1936)">Negro Southern League (1920–1936)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Colored_League" title="Texas Colored League">Texas Colored League (1919–1931)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negro_American_Association" title="Negro American Association">Negro American Association (1939)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negro_Major_League" title="Negro Major League">Negro Major League (1942)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_League" title="United States League">United States League (1945–1946)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Post-integration</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Negro_Southern_League_(1945%E2%80%931951)" title="Negro Southern League (1945–1951)">Negro Southern League (1945–1951)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Coast_Negro_Baseball_Association" title="West Coast Negro Baseball Association">West Coast Negro Baseball Association (1946)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negro_American_Association" title="Negro American Association">Negro American Association (1948–1949)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negro_American_League" title="Negro American League">Negro American League (1951–1960)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Negro_league_baseball_no-hitters" title="List of Negro league baseball no-hitters">No-hitters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East%E2%80%93West_All-Star_Game" title="East–West All-Star Game">East–West All-Star Game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baseball_color_line" title="Baseball color line">Color line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negro_Leagues_Baseball_Museum" title="Negro Leagues Baseball Museum">Museum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Negro_league_baseball" title="Category:Negro league baseball">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4916613#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4916613#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4916613#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" 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