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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ayatollahs_célèbres"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Ayatollahs célèbres</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Ayatollahs_célèbres-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Ayatollahs célèbres</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Ayatollahs_célèbres-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Vivants" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vivants"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Vivants</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vivants-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Décédés" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Décédés"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Décédés</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Décédés-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes_et_références" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes_et_références"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Notes et références</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes_et_références-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Article_connexe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Article_connexe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Article connexe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Article_connexe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav 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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ayatollah</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Aller à un article dans une autre langue. Disponible en 68 langues." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-68" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">68 langues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajatolla" title="Ajatolla – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Ajatolla" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87" title="آية الله – arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="آية الله" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87" title="اية الله – arabe égyptien" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="اية الله" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabe égyptien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayatollah" title="Ayatollah – asturien" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Ayatollah" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ay%C9%99tullah" title="Ayətullah – azerbaïdjanais" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Ayətullah" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaïdjanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%DB%8C%D8%AA%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87" title="آیت‌الله – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="آیت‌الله" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Аятулла – bachkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Аятулла" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="bachkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Аятала – biélorusse" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Аятала" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="biélorusse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Аятала – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Аятала" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%85" title="Аятолах – bulgare" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Аятолах" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgare" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9" title="আয়াতুল্লাহ – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আয়াতুল্লাহ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajatollah" title="Ajatollah – bosniaque" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Ajatollah" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aiatol%C2%B7l%C3%A0" title="Aiatol·là – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Aiatol·là" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%95%D8%AA%D9%88%DA%B5%DA%B5%D8%A7" title="ئایەتوڵڵا – sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئایەتوڵڵا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81jatoll%C3%A1h" title="Ájatolláh – tchèque" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ájatolláh" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tchèque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aiatola" title="Aiatola – gallois" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Aiatola" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gallois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="bon article"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayatollah" title="Ayatollah – danois" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ayatollah" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajatollah" title="Ajatollah – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ajatollah" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%AC%CF%87" title="Αγιατολάχ – grec" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αγιατολάχ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayatollah" title="Ayatollah – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Ayatollah" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajatolo" title="Ajatolo – espéranto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ajatolo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="espéranto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayatol%C3%A1" title="Ayatolá – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ayatolá" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajatolla" title="Ajatolla – estonien" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ajatolla" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aiatola" title="Aiatola – basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Aiatola" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%DB%8C%D8%AA%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87" title="آیت‌الله – persan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آیت‌الله" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajatollah" title="Ajatollah – finnois" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ajatollah" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finnois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aiatol%C3%A1" title="Aiatolá – galicien" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Aiatolá" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%99%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%9C%D7%94" title="אייתוללה – hébreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אייתוללה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hébreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B9" title="अयतोल्लाह – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="अयतोल्लाह" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajatolah" title="Ajatolah – croate" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Ajatolah" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajatollah" title="Ajatollah – hongrois" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ajatollah" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hongrois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayatullah" title="Ayatullah – indonésien" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ayatullah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayatollah" title="Ayatollah – italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ayatollah" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A4%E3%83%88%E3%83%83%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BC" title="アーヤトッラー – japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アーヤトッラー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%97%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90" title="აიათოლა – géorgien" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="აიათოლა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="géorgien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%EC%95%BC%ED%86%A8%EB%9D%BC" title="아야톨라 – coréen" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아야톨라" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coréen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayetula" title="Ayetula – kurde" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Ayetula" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurde" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Аятолла – kirghize" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Аятолла" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirghize" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajatola" title="Ajatola – lituanien" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Ajatola" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituanien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayatollah" title="Ayatollah – malgache" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Ayatollah" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgache" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%98%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%85" title="Ајатолах – macédonien" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Ајатолах" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macédonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayatollah" title="Ayatollah – malais" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Ayatollah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayatollah" title="Ayatollah – néerlandais" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ayatollah" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayatollah" title="Ayatollah – norvégien bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ayatollah" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvégien bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%89%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BE" title="ਆਇਤਉਲਾ – pendjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਆਇਤਉਲਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pendjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajatollah" title="Ajatollah – polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ajatollah" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%DB%8C%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%DB%81" title="آیت اللہ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="آیت اللہ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aiatol%C3%A1" title="Aiatolá – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Aiatolá" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Аятолла – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Аятолла" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayatollah" title="Ayatollah – écossais" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Ayatollah" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="écossais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%8A%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87" title="آيت الله – sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="آيت الله" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajatolah" title="Ajatolah – serbo-croate" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ajatolah" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayatollah" title="Ayatollah – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Ayatollah" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajatoll%C3%A1h" title="Ajatolláh – slovaque" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Ajatolláh" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajetullah" title="Ajetullah – albanais" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Ajetullah" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%98%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%85" title="Ајатолах – serbe" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ајатолах" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayatolla" title="Ayatolla – suédois" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ayatolla" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suédois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayatollah" title="Ayatollah – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Ayatollah" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%BE%D2%B3" title="Оятуллоҳ – tadjik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Оятуллоҳ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadjik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AE%E0%B9%8C" title="อายะตุลลอฮ์ – thaï" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อายะตุลลอฮ์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thaï" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayetullah" title="Ayetullah – turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ayetullah" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Аятола – ukrainien" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Аятола" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%DB%8C%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%DB%81" title="آیت اللہ – ourdou" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="آیت اللہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ourdou" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oyatulloh" title="Oyatulloh – ouzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Oyatulloh" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ouzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayatollah" title="Ayatollah – vénitien" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Ayatollah" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="vénitien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayatollah" title="Ayatollah – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Ayatollah" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%9B%BE%E6%8B%89" title="阿亚图拉 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="阿亚图拉" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%9B%BE%E6%8B%89" title="阿亚图拉 – chinois" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="阿亚图拉" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet 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typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Aide:Homonymie" title="Aide:Homonymie"><img alt="Page d’aide sur l’homonymie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/20px-Logo_disambig.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/30px-Logo_disambig.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Logo_disambig.svg/40px-Logo_disambig.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="375" /></a></span></div><div class="bandeau-cell" style="display:table-cell;padding-right:0.5em"> <p>Cet article concerne le titre religieux. Pour l’acteur <a href="/wiki/C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire" title="Côte d'Ivoire">ivoirien</a> Ayatollah, voir <a href="/wiki/Djessan_Ayateau" title="Djessan Ayateau">Djessan Ayateau</a>. </p> </div></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Grand_Ayatollahs_Qom_%D9%81%D8%AA%D9%88%DA%A9%D9%84%D8%A7%DA%98%D8%8C_%D8%A2%DB%8C%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87_%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%82%D9%85_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Grand_Ayatollahs_Qom_%D9%81%D8%AA%D9%88%DA%A9%D9%84%D8%A7%DA%98%D8%8C_%D8%A2%DB%8C%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87_%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%82%D9%85_01.jpg/220px-Grand_Ayatollahs_Qom_%D9%81%D8%AA%D9%88%DA%A9%D9%84%D8%A7%DA%98%D8%8C_%D8%A2%DB%8C%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87_%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%82%D9%85_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Grand_Ayatollahs_Qom_%D9%81%D8%AA%D9%88%DA%A9%D9%84%D8%A7%DA%98%D8%8C_%D8%A2%DB%8C%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87_%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%82%D9%85_01.jpg/330px-Grand_Ayatollahs_Qom_%D9%81%D8%AA%D9%88%DA%A9%D9%84%D8%A7%DA%98%D8%8C_%D8%A2%DB%8C%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87_%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%82%D9%85_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Grand_Ayatollahs_Qom_%D9%81%D8%AA%D9%88%DA%A9%D9%84%D8%A7%DA%98%D8%8C_%D8%A2%DB%8C%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87_%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%82%D9%85_01.jpg/440px-Grand_Ayatollahs_Qom_%D9%81%D8%AA%D9%88%DA%A9%D9%84%D8%A7%DA%98%D8%8C_%D8%A2%DB%8C%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87_%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86-%D9%82%D9%85_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3414" data-file-height="5120" /></a><figcaption><abbr class="abbr" title="Première">1<sup>re</sup></abbr> rangée : <a href="/wiki/Nasser_Makarem_Shirazi" title="Nasser Makarem Shirazi">Nasser Makarem Shirazi</a> • <a href="/wiki/Hossein_Noori_Hamedani" title="Hossein Noori Hamedani">Hossein Noori Hamedani</a> • Seyed Mohammad Ali Hosseini Alavi Gorgani • <a href="/wiki/Ibrahim_Amini" title="Ibrahim Amini">Ibrahim Amini</a><br /><abbr class="abbr" title="Deuxième">2<sup>e</sup></abbr> rangée : <a href="/w/index.php?title=Asadollah_Bayat-Zanjani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asadollah Bayat-Zanjani (page inexistante)">Asadollah Bayat-Zanjani</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asadollah_Bayat-Zanjani" class="extiw" title="en:Asadollah Bayat-Zanjani"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article en anglais : « Asadollah Bayat-Zanjani »">(en)</span></a> • <a href="/wiki/Ja%27far_Sobhani" title="Ja'far Sobhani">Ja'far Sobhani</a> • <a href="/wiki/Youssef_Saanei" title="Youssef Saanei">Youssef Saanei</a> • <a href="/wiki/Abdollah_Javadi-Amoli" title="Abdollah Javadi-Amoli">Abdollah Javadi-Amoli</a><br /><abbr class="abbr" title="Troisième">3<sup>e</sup></abbr> rangée : <a href="/w/index.php?title=Morteza_Moghtadai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Morteza Moghtadai (page inexistante)">Morteza Moghtadai</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morteza_Moghtadai" class="extiw" title="en:Morteza Moghtadai"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article en anglais : « Morteza Moghtadai »">(en)</span></a> • <a href="/wiki/Mohammad-Taqi_Mesbah_Yazdi" title="Mohammad-Taqi Mesbah Yazdi">Mohammad-Taqi Mesbah Yazdi</a> • <a href="/wiki/Abdul-Karim_Mousavi_Ardebili" title="Abdul-Karim Mousavi Ardebili">Abdul-Karim Mousavi Ardebili</a> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Khalil_Mobasher_Kashani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Khalil Mobasher Kashani (page inexistante)">Khalil Mobasher Kashani</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khalil_Mobasher_Kashani" class="extiw" title="en:Khalil Mobasher Kashani"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article en anglais : « Khalil Mobasher Kashani »">(en)</span></a></figcaption></figure> <p>Un <b>ayatollah</b> (en <a href="/wiki/Arabe" title="Arabe">arabe</a> : <span class="lang-ar" lang="ar" dir="rtl">آية الله</span> ou en <a href="/wiki/Persan" title="Persan">persan</a> : <span class="lang-fa" lang="fa" dir="rtl">آیت‌الله</span>, signifiant « signe de Dieu ») est l'un des titres les plus élevés décerné à un membre du clergé <a href="/wiki/Chiisme" title="Chiisme">chiite</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mollah" title="Mollah">mollah</a>). Contrairement au clergé <a href="/wiki/Sunnisme" title="Sunnisme">sunnite</a>, le <a href="/wiki/Clerg%C3%A9" title="Clergé">clergé</a> chiite est très hiérarchisé. </p><p>Les ayatollahs sont les chefs et les docteurs considérés comme des experts de l'<a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">islam</a> dans les domaines de la <a href="/wiki/Jurisprudence" title="Jurisprudence">jurisprudence</a>, de l'<a href="/wiki/%C3%89thique" title="Éthique">éthique</a>, de la <a href="/wiki/Philosophie" title="Philosophie">philosophie</a> ou du <a href="/wiki/Mystique" title="Mystique">mysticisme</a>. Ils enseignent la plupart du temps dans les écoles (<i><a href="/wiki/Hawza" title="Hawza">hawza</a></i>) islamiques. </p><p>Le plus haut grade régissant la hiérarchie des Ayatollahs sont les <a href="/wiki/Marja-e_taqlid" title="Marja-e taqlid">marja</a> portant le tire de <i>Grands Ayatollahs</i>. </p><p>Certains ayatollahs portent des <a href="/wiki/Turban_noir" title="Turban noir">turbans noirs</a> (surtout dans le <a href="/wiki/Monde_arabe" title="Monde arabe">monde arabe</a> et <a href="/wiki/Empire_perse" title="Empire perse">persan</a>) ou verts, ce qui indique leur position de <a href="/wiki/Sayyid" title="Sayyid">sayyid</a>, autrement dit de descendant de <a href="/wiki/Mahomet" title="Mahomet">Mahomet</a> via sa fille Fatima, épouse d'Ali, le premier imam dans le chiisme duodécimain<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Les autres ayatollahs portent traditionnellement un turban blanc. </p><p>Dans la <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ais" title="Français">langue française</a> courante, le terme est également employé pour désigner une personne particulièrement intransigeante sur un sujet précis. « Ayatollah » est également le surnom d'<a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Abdallah_Mohamed_Sambi" title="Ahmed Abdallah Mohamed Sambi">Ahmed Abdallah Mohamed Sambi</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origine">Origine</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ayatollah&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifier la section : Origine" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ayatollah&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Origine"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La plus ancienne mention connue de ce titre est celle d' Ibn <a href="/wiki/Allamah_Al-Hilli" title="Allamah Al-Hilli">Allamah Al-Hilli</a> , mais il n'était pas vraiment en usage avant le siècle dernier<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Il semble que ce soit lorsque les adeptes de l’école <a href="/wiki/Usulisme" title="Usulisme">Usili</a> ont assis leur domination par rapport à la <a href="/wiki/Chiisme_duod%C3%A9cimain" title="Chiisme duodécimain">branche duodécimain</a> et voyaient la quasi-disparition de l'école <b><a href="/wiki/Akhbarisme" title="Akhbarisme">akhbariste</a></b>, que le titre a été popularisé par les Usulis, sans doute dans le but de promouvoir le statut de leur clergé<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mirza_Ali_Aqa_Tabrizi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mirza Ali Aqa Tabrizi (page inexistante)">Mirza Ali Aqa Tabrizi</a> a été le premier à utiliser le terme Ayatollah pour les sources d'émulation à Nadjaf, notamment Akhund Khurasani, afin de les distinguer des clercs de rang inférieur à Téhéran. Pendant la <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9volution_constitutionnelle_persane" title="Révolution constitutionnelle persane">révolution constitutionnelle de l'Iran</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, Hamid Algar considère que ce titre est probablement entré dans l'usage général parce qu'il était un <span class="citation">« résultat indirect de la réforme et du renforcement de l'institution religieuse à Qom »</span>. Pour cet auteur, il se peut que le premier à avoir porté ce titre ait été <a href="/wiki/Abdolkarim_Haeri_Yazdi" title="Abdolkarim Haeri Yazdi">Abdul-Karim Haeri Yasdi</a>, le fondateur du <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9minaire_de_Qom" title="Séminaire de Qom">séminaire de Qom</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ayatollahs_célèbres"><span id="Ayatollahs_c.C3.A9l.C3.A8bres"></span>Ayatollahs célèbres</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ayatollah&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifier la section : Ayatollahs célèbres" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ayatollah&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Ayatollahs célèbres"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ce tableau présente une liste non-exhaustive des Ayatollahs, ne sont pas répertoriés ici les <i><a href="/wiki/Marja-e_taqlid" title="Marja-e taqlid">marja-e taqlid</a></i> qui ont le titre de "Grands Ayatollahs". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vivants">Vivants</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ayatollah&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifier la section : Vivants" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ayatollah&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Vivants"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable sticky-header" style="text-align:center; line-height:16px; font-size:95%;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Image </th> <th>Nom </th> <th>Date de naissance </th></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Ahmad_Jannati_13981202001086637178960977765061.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Ahmad_Jannati_13981202001086637178960977765061.jpg/146px-Ahmad_Jannati_13981202001086637178960977765061.jpg" decoding="async" width="146" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Ahmad_Jannati_13981202001086637178960977765061.jpg/219px-Ahmad_Jannati_13981202001086637178960977765061.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Ahmad_Jannati_13981202001086637178960977765061.jpg/292px-Ahmad_Jannati_13981202001086637178960977765061.jpg 2x" data-file-width="479" data-file-height="591" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Jannati" title="Ahmad Jannati">Ahmad Jannati</a> </td> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="1927-02-23" data-sort-value="1927-02-23">23 février 1927</time> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Ali_Movahedi_Kermani_2019_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Ali_Movahedi_Kermani_2019_2.jpg/125px-Ali_Movahedi_Kermani_2019_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Ali_Movahedi_Kermani_2019_2.jpg/188px-Ali_Movahedi_Kermani_2019_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Ali_Movahedi_Kermani_2019_2.jpg/250px-Ali_Movahedi_Kermani_2019_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="258" data-file-height="371" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Ali_Movahedi-Kermani" title="Mohammad Ali Movahedi-Kermani">Mohammad Ali Movahedi-Kermani</a> </td> <td>1931 ou 1932 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B4%D9%85_%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B4%D9%85%E2%80%8C%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87_%D9%87%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B4%D9%85_%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B4%D9%85%E2%80%8C%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87_%D9%87%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C.jpg/96px-%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B4%D9%85_%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B4%D9%85%E2%80%8C%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87_%D9%87%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C.jpg" decoding="async" width="96" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/35/%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B4%D9%85_%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B4%D9%85%E2%80%8C%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87_%D9%87%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="144" data-file-height="245" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hashem_Hashemzadeh_Herisi" title="Hashem Hashemzadeh Herisi">Hashem Hashemzadeh Herisi</a> </td> <td>1938 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Mohammad_Mousavi_Khoeiniha.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Mohammad_Mousavi_Khoeiniha.jpg/131px-Mohammad_Mousavi_Khoeiniha.jpg" decoding="async" width="131" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Mohammad_Mousavi_Khoeiniha.jpg/196px-Mohammad_Mousavi_Khoeiniha.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Mohammad_Mousavi_Khoeiniha.jpg/262px-Mohammad_Mousavi_Khoeiniha.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="550" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Mousavi_Khoeiniha" title="Mohammad Mousavi Khoeiniha">Mohammad Mousavi Khoeiniha</a> </td> <td>1942 </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mujtaba_Hussaini_Shirazi" title="Mujtaba Hussaini Shirazi">Mujtaba Hussaini Shirazi</a> </td> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="1943-08-06" data-sort-value="1943-08-06">6 août 1943</time> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF_%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B7%D9%81%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%82%D9%82_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AF.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF_%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B7%D9%81%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%82%D9%82_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AF.jpg/137px-%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF_%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B7%D9%81%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%82%D9%82_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AF.jpg" decoding="async" width="137" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF_%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B7%D9%81%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%82%D9%82_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AF.jpg/206px-%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF_%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B7%D9%81%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%82%D9%82_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AF.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF_%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B7%D9%81%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%82%D9%82_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AF.jpg/275px-%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF_%D9%85%D8%B5%D8%B7%D9%81%DB%8C_%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%82%D9%82_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AF.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1076" data-file-height="1408" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mostafa_Mohaghegh_Damad" title="Mostafa Mohaghegh Damad">Mostafa Mohaghegh Damad</a> </td> <td>1945 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Ibrahim_Zakzaky_2023.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Ibrahim_Zakzaky_2023.jpg/150px-Ibrahim_Zakzaky_2023.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Ibrahim_Zakzaky_2023.jpg/225px-Ibrahim_Zakzaky_2023.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Ibrahim_Zakzaky_2023.jpg/300px-Ibrahim_Zakzaky_2023.jpg 2x" data-file-width="375" data-file-height="250" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ibraheem_Yaqoub_Zakzaky" title="Ibraheem Yaqoub Zakzaky">Ibraheem Yaqoub Zakzaky</a> </td> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="1953-05-05" data-sort-value="1953-05-05">5 mai 1953</time> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF_%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AF_%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%DB%8C_Mahmoud_Alavi_08.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF_%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AF_%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%DB%8C_Mahmoud_Alavi_08.jpg/120px-%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF_%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AF_%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%DB%8C_Mahmoud_Alavi_08.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF_%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AF_%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%DB%8C_Mahmoud_Alavi_08.jpg/250px-%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF_%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AF_%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%DB%8C_Mahmoud_Alavi_08.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mahmoud_Alavi" title="Mahmoud Alavi">Mahmoud Alavi</a> </td> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="1954-05-04" data-sort-value="1954-05-04">4 mai 1954</time> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Sixth_International_Conference_in_Support_of_the_Palestinian_Intifada,_Tehran_(15)_(crop_of_Sadeq_Larijani).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Sixth_International_Conference_in_Support_of_the_Palestinian_Intifada%2C_Tehran_%2815%29_%28crop_of_Sadeq_Larijani%29.jpg/123px-Sixth_International_Conference_in_Support_of_the_Palestinian_Intifada%2C_Tehran_%2815%29_%28crop_of_Sadeq_Larijani%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="123" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Sixth_International_Conference_in_Support_of_the_Palestinian_Intifada%2C_Tehran_%2815%29_%28crop_of_Sadeq_Larijani%29.jpg/185px-Sixth_International_Conference_in_Support_of_the_Palestinian_Intifada%2C_Tehran_%2815%29_%28crop_of_Sadeq_Larijani%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Sixth_International_Conference_in_Support_of_the_Palestinian_Intifada%2C_Tehran_%2815%29_%28crop_of_Sadeq_Larijani%29.jpg/246px-Sixth_International_Conference_in_Support_of_the_Palestinian_Intifada%2C_Tehran_%2815%29_%28crop_of_Sadeq_Larijani%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="388" data-file-height="567" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sadeq_Larijani" title="Sadeq Larijani">Sadeq Larijani</a> </td> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="1961-03-12" data-sort-value="1961-03-12">12 mars 1961</time> </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Abbas_Tabrizian" title="Abbas Tabrizian">Abbas Tabrizian</a> </td> <td>1962 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:%D8%B1%D8%B6%D8%A7_%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%B6%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/%D8%B1%D8%B6%D8%A7_%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%B6%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C.jpg/250px-%D8%B1%D8%B6%D8%A7_%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%B6%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C.jpg" decoding="async" width="145" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/84/%D8%B1%D8%B6%D8%A7_%D8%B1%D9%85%D8%B6%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C.jpg 2x" data-file-width="271" data-file-height="337" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Reza_Ramezani" title="Reza Ramezani">Reza Ramezani</a> </td> <td>1963 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Mojtaba_Khamenei_2019.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Mojtaba_Khamenei_2019.jpg/145px-Mojtaba_Khamenei_2019.jpg" decoding="async" width="145" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Mojtaba_Khamenei_2019.jpg/218px-Mojtaba_Khamenei_2019.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Mojtaba_Khamenei_2019.jpg/291px-Mojtaba_Khamenei_2019.jpg 2x" data-file-width="323" data-file-height="400" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mojtaba_Khamenei" title="Mojtaba Khamenei">Mojtaba Khamenei</a> </td> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="1969-09-08" data-sort-value="1969-09-08">8 septembre 1969</time> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Décédés"><span id="D.C3.A9c.C3.A9d.C3.A9s"></span>Décédés</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ayatollah&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifier la section : Décédés" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ayatollah&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Décédés"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>par date de décès</i> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable sticky-header" style="text-align:center; line-height:16px; font-size:95%;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Image </th> <th>Nom </th> <th>Date de naissance </th> <th>Date de décès </th></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Mohammad_Aghazadeh_Khorasani.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Mohammad_Aghazadeh_Khorasani.jpg/250px-Mohammad_Aghazadeh_Khorasani.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d1/Mohammad_Aghazadeh_Khorasani.jpg 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Aghazadeh_Khorasani" title="Mohammad Aghazadeh Khorasani">Mohammad Aghazadeh Khorasani</a> </td> <td>1877 </td> <td>1937 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Imam_Musa_Sadr_(19)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Imam_Musa_Sadr_%2819%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/250px-Imam_Musa_Sadr_%2819%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="124" height="180" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="585" data-file-height="846" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Moussa_Sader" title="Moussa Sader">Moussa Sader</a> </td> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="1928-06-04" data-sort-value="1928-06-04">4 juin 1928</time> </td> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="1978-08-31" data-sort-value="1978-08-31">31 août 1978</time> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Portrait_of_Mahmoud_Taleghani_-_c_1979.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Portrait_of_Mahmoud_Taleghani_-_c_1979.jpg/129px-Portrait_of_Mahmoud_Taleghani_-_c_1979.jpg" decoding="async" width="129" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Portrait_of_Mahmoud_Taleghani_-_c_1979.jpg/194px-Portrait_of_Mahmoud_Taleghani_-_c_1979.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Portrait_of_Mahmoud_Taleghani_-_c_1979.jpg/258px-Portrait_of_Mahmoud_Taleghani_-_c_1979.jpg 2x" data-file-width="734" data-file-height="1022" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mahmoud_Taleghani" title="Mahmoud Taleghani">Mahmoud Taleghani</a> </td> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="1911-03-05" data-sort-value="1911-03-05">5 mars 1911</time> </td> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="1979-09-09" data-sort-value="1979-09-09">9 septembre 1979</time> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Beheshti-10.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Beheshti-10.jpg/150px-Beheshti-10.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Beheshti-10.jpg/225px-Beheshti-10.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Beheshti-10.jpg/300px-Beheshti-10.jpg 2x" data-file-width="534" data-file-height="640" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Mousavi_Khoeiniha" title="Mohammad Mousavi Khoeiniha">Mohammad Mousavi Khoeiniha</a> </td> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="1928-10-24" data-sort-value="1928-10-24">24 octobre 1928</time> </td> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="1981-06-28" data-sort-value="1981-06-28">28 juin 1981</time> </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ata%27ollah_Ashrafi_Esfahani" title="Ata'ollah Ashrafi Esfahani">Ata'ollah Ashrafi Esfahani</a> </td> <td>1902 </td> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="1982-10-15" data-sort-value="1982-10-15">15 octobre 1982</time> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Sadegh_Khalkhali_Portrait.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Sadegh_Khalkhali_Portrait.jpg/133px-Sadegh_Khalkhali_Portrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="133" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Sadegh_Khalkhali_Portrait.jpg/199px-Sadegh_Khalkhali_Portrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Sadegh_Khalkhali_Portrait.jpg/266px-Sadegh_Khalkhali_Portrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="984" data-file-height="1331" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sadeq_Khalkhali" title="Sadeq Khalkhali">Sadeq Khalkhali</a> </td> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="1926-07-27" data-sort-value="1926-07-27">27 juillet 1926</time> </td> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="2003-11-26" data-sort-value="2003-11-26">26 novembre 2003</time> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Ali_Meshkini01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Ali_Meshkini01.jpg/250px-Ali_Meshkini01.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="180" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="577" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ali_Meshkini" title="Ali Meshkini">Ali Meshkini</a> </td> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="1921-12-02" data-sort-value="1921-12-02">2 décembre 1921</time> </td> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="2007-07-30" data-sort-value="2007-07-30">30 juillet 2007</time> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF_%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF%DB%8C_%DA%AF%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF_%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF%DB%8C_%DA%AF%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C2.jpg/124px-%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF_%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF%DB%8C_%DA%AF%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C2.jpg" decoding="async" width="124" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF_%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF%DB%8C_%DA%AF%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C2.jpg/186px-%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF_%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF%DB%8C_%DA%AF%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF_%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF%DB%8C_%DA%AF%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C2.jpg/248px-%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF_%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF%DB%8C_%DA%AF%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="387" data-file-height="562" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Mohammadi_Gilani" title="Mohammad Mohammadi Gilani">Mohammad Mohammadi Gilani</a> </td> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="1928-08-31" data-sort-value="1928-08-31">31 août 1928</time> </td> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="2014-07-09" data-sort-value="2014-07-09">9 juillet 2014</time> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Mohammad-Reza_Mahdavi_Kani_portrait.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Mohammad-Reza_Mahdavi_Kani_portrait.jpg/120px-Mohammad-Reza_Mahdavi_Kani_portrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Mohammad-Reza_Mahdavi_Kani_portrait.jpg/180px-Mohammad-Reza_Mahdavi_Kani_portrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Mohammad-Reza_Mahdavi_Kani_portrait.jpg/240px-Mohammad-Reza_Mahdavi_Kani_portrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1800" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Reza_Mahdavi-Kani" title="Mohammad Reza Mahdavi-Kani">Mohammad Reza Mahdavi-Kani</a> </td> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="1931-08-06" data-sort-value="1931-08-06">6 août 1931</time> </td> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="2014-10-21" data-sort-value="2014-10-21">21 octobre 2014</time> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Sheikh_Nimr_al-Nimr.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Sheikh_Nimr_al-Nimr.jpg/250px-Sheikh_Nimr_al-Nimr.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Sheikh_Nimr_al-Nimr.jpg/330px-Sheikh_Nimr_al-Nimr.jpg 2x" data-file-width="492" data-file-height="392" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Nimr_Baqr_al-Nimr" title="Nimr Baqr al-Nimr">Nimr Baqr al-Nimr</a> </td> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="1959-06-21" data-sort-value="1959-06-21">21 juin 1959</time> </td> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="2016-01-02" data-sort-value="2016-01-02">2 janvier 2016</time> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Akbar_Hashemi_Rafsanjani_by_Fars_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Akbar_Hashemi_Rafsanjani_by_Fars_02.jpg/250px-Akbar_Hashemi_Rafsanjani_by_Fars_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="129" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Akbar_Hashemi_Rafsanjani_by_Fars_02.jpg/330px-Akbar_Hashemi_Rafsanjani_by_Fars_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="880" data-file-height="1231" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hachemi_Rafsandjani" title="Hachemi Rafsandjani">Hachemi Rafsandjani</a> </td> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="1934-08-25" data-sort-value="1934-08-25">25 août 1934</time> </td> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="2017-01-08" data-sort-value="2017-01-08">8 janvier 2017</time> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Mahmoud_Hashemi_Shahroudi011_(2).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Mahmoud_Hashemi_Shahroudi011_%282%29.jpg/150px-Mahmoud_Hashemi_Shahroudi011_%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Mahmoud_Hashemi_Shahroudi011_%282%29.jpg/225px-Mahmoud_Hashemi_Shahroudi011_%282%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Mahmoud_Hashemi_Shahroudi011_%282%29.jpg/299px-Mahmoud_Hashemi_Shahroudi011_%282%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="424" data-file-height="504" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mahmoud_Hashemi_Shahroudi" title="Mahmoud Hashemi Shahroudi">Mahmoud Hashemi Shahroudi</a> </td> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="1948-08-15" data-sort-value="1948-08-15">15 août 1948</time> </td> <td>24 décembre 2018 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A_%D8%AE%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%8A.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A_%D8%AE%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%8A.jpg/250px-%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A_%D8%AE%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%8A.jpg" decoding="async" width="143" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A_%D8%AE%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%8A.jpg/330px-%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A_%D8%AE%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%8A.jpg 2x" data-file-width="491" data-file-height="617" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hadi_Khosroshahi" title="Hadi Khosroshahi">Hadi Khosroshahi</a> </td> <td>1939 </td> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="2020-02-27" data-sort-value="2020-02-27">27 février 2020</time> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Hashem_Bathaie_Golpayegani_2160728.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Hashem_Bathaie_Golpayegani_2160728.jpg/250px-Hashem_Bathaie_Golpayegani_2160728.jpg" decoding="async" width="143" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/10/Hashem_Bathaie_Golpayegani_2160728.jpg 2x" data-file-width="264" data-file-height="331" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hachem_Bathaie_Golpayegani" title="Hachem Bathaie Golpayegani">Hachem Bathaie Golpayegani</a> </td> <td>1941 </td> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="2020-03-16" data-sort-value="2020-03-16">16 mars 2020</time> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Ebrahim_Amini_%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%87%DB%8C%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C_11.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Ebrahim_Amini_%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%87%DB%8C%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C_11.jpg/120px-Ebrahim_Amini_%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%87%DB%8C%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C_11.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Ebrahim_Amini_%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%87%DB%8C%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C_11.jpg/180px-Ebrahim_Amini_%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%87%DB%8C%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C_11.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Ebrahim_Amini_%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%87%DB%8C%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C_11.jpg/240px-Ebrahim_Amini_%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%87%DB%8C%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C_11.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ibrahim_Amini" title="Ibrahim Amini">Ibrahim Amini</a> </td> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="1925-06-30" data-sort-value="1925-06-30">30 juin 1925</time> </td> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="2020-04-24" data-sort-value="2020-04-24">24 avril 2020</time> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Mohammad_Yazdi_1399091913465979321782964.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Mohammad_Yazdi_1399091913465979321782964.jpg/128px-Mohammad_Yazdi_1399091913465979321782964.jpg" decoding="async" width="128" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Mohammad_Yazdi_1399091913465979321782964.jpg/192px-Mohammad_Yazdi_1399091913465979321782964.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Mohammad_Yazdi_1399091913465979321782964.jpg/256px-Mohammad_Yazdi_1399091913465979321782964.jpg 2x" data-file-width="533" data-file-height="750" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Yazdi" title="Mohammad Yazdi">Mohammad Yazdi</a> </td> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="1931-07-02" data-sort-value="1931-07-02">2 juillet 1931</time> </td> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="2020-12-09" data-sort-value="2020-12-09">9 décembre 2020</time> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Ayatollah_Mohammad-Taqi_Mesbah-Yazdi_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Ayatollah_Mohammad-Taqi_Mesbah-Yazdi_%28cropped%29.jpg/118px-Ayatollah_Mohammad-Taqi_Mesbah-Yazdi_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="118" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Ayatollah_Mohammad-Taqi_Mesbah-Yazdi_%28cropped%29.jpg/177px-Ayatollah_Mohammad-Taqi_Mesbah-Yazdi_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Ayatollah_Mohammad-Taqi_Mesbah-Yazdi_%28cropped%29.jpg/237px-Ayatollah_Mohammad-Taqi_Mesbah-Yazdi_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="319" data-file-height="485" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mohammad-Taqi_Mesbah_Yazdi" title="Mohammad-Taqi Mesbah Yazdi">Mohammad-Taqi Mesbah Yazdi</a> </td> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="1935-01-31" data-sort-value="1935-01-31">31 janvier 1935</time> </td> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="2021-01-01" data-sort-value="2021-01-01"><abbr class="abbr" title="premier">1<sup>er</sup></abbr> janvier 2021</time> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Hassan_Hasanzadeh_Amoli02_(1).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Hassan_Hasanzadeh_Amoli02_%281%29.jpg/124px-Hassan_Hasanzadeh_Amoli02_%281%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="124" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Hassan_Hasanzadeh_Amoli02_%281%29.jpg/186px-Hassan_Hasanzadeh_Amoli02_%281%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Hassan_Hasanzadeh_Amoli02_%281%29.jpg/249px-Hassan_Hasanzadeh_Amoli02_%281%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="371" data-file-height="537" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hassan_Hasanzadeh_Amoli" title="Hassan Hasanzadeh Amoli">Hassan Hasanzadeh Amoli</a> </td> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="1929-02-10" data-sort-value="1929-02-10">10 février 1929</time> </td> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="2021-09-25" data-sort-value="2021-09-25">25 septembre 2021</time> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Mohammad_Reyshahri_(14).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Mohammad_Reyshahri_%2814%29.jpg/120px-Mohammad_Reyshahri_%2814%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Mohammad_Reyshahri_%2814%29.jpg/180px-Mohammad_Reyshahri_%2814%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Mohammad_Reyshahri_%2814%29.jpg/240px-Mohammad_Reyshahri_%2814%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2667" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Reyshahri" title="Mohammad Reyshahri">Mohammad Reyshahri</a> </td> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="1946-10-29" data-sort-value="1946-10-29">29 octobre 1946</time> </td> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="2022-03-21" data-sort-value="2022-03-21">21 mars 2022</time> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C.jpg/126px-%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C.jpg" decoding="async" width="126" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C.jpg/189px-%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C.jpg/253px-%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%B9%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C.jpg 2x" data-file-width="325" data-file-height="463" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Abbas-Ali_Soleimani" title="Abbas-Ali Soleimani">Abbas-Ali Soleimani</a> </td> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="1947-05-25" data-sort-value="1947-05-25">25 mai 1947</time> </td> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="2023-04-26" data-sort-value="2023-04-26">26 avril 2023</time> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Ebrahim_Raisi_2018.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Ebrahim_Raisi_2018.jpg/129px-Ebrahim_Raisi_2018.jpg" decoding="async" width="129" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Ebrahim_Raisi_2018.jpg/193px-Ebrahim_Raisi_2018.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Ebrahim_Raisi_2018.jpg/257px-Ebrahim_Raisi_2018.jpg 2x" data-file-width="533" data-file-height="745" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ebrahim_Ra%C3%AFssi" title="Ebrahim Raïssi">Ebrahim Raïssi</a> </td> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="1960-12-14" data-sort-value="1960-12-14">14 décembre 1960</time> </td> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="2024-05-19" data-sort-value="2024-05-19">19 mai 2024</time> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Fadhil_Milani_2016.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Fadhil_Milani_2016.jpg/153px-Fadhil_Milani_2016.jpg" decoding="async" width="153" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Fadhil_Milani_2016.jpg/229px-Fadhil_Milani_2016.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Fadhil_Milani_2016.jpg/305px-Fadhil_Milani_2016.jpg 2x" data-file-width="504" data-file-height="594" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Seyyed_Fazil_Hosseini_Milani" title="Seyyed Fazil Hosseini Milani">Fazil Hosseini Milani</a> </td> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="1944-05-30" data-sort-value="1944-05-30">30 mai 1944</time> </td> <td><time class="nowrap" datetime="2024-09-02" data-sort-value="2024-09-02">2 septembre 2024</time> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_et_références"><span id="Notes_et_r.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Notes et références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ayatollah&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifier la section : Notes et références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ayatollah&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Notes et références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Pierre-Jean2014"><span class="ouvrage" id="Luizard_Pierre-Jean2014">Luizard Pierre-Jean, <cite class="italique">Histoire politique du clergé chiite. <abbr class="abbr" title="18ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XVIII</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> : <abbr class="abbr" title="21ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XXI</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle</cite>, Paris, Fayard, <time>2014</time>, 326 <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-2-213-68070-5" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-2-213-68070-5"><span class="nowrap">978-2-213-68070-5</span></a>)</small>, p. 311<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Histoire+politique+du+clerg%C3%A9+chiite.+XVIIIe&rft.place=Paris&rft.pub=Fayard&rft.stitle=%3Cabbr+class%3D%22abbr%22+title%3D%2221%E1%B5%89+si%C3%A8cle%22%3E%3Cspan+class%3D%22romain%22%3EXXI%3C%2Fspan%3E%3Csup+style%3D%22font-size%3A72%25%22%3Ee%3C%2Fsup%3E%3C%2Fabbr%3E%26nbsp%3Bsi%C3%A8cle&rft.aulast=Pierre-Jean&rft.aufirst=Luizard&rft.date=2014&rft.pages=p.+311&rft.tpages=326&rft.isbn=978-2-213-68070-5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAyatollah"></span></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text">Algar, Hamid (18 August 2011) [15 December 1987]. "ĀYATALLĀH". In Yarshater, Ehsan (ed.). Encyclopædia Iranica. Fasc. 2. Vol. III (Online ed.). New York, NY: Bibliotheca Persica Press. p. 133.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Glassé2001"><span class="ouvrage" id="Cyril_Glassé2001">Cyril <span class="nom_auteur">Glassé</span>, <cite class="italique">The new encyclopedia of Islam</cite>, AltaMira Press, <time>2001</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/0-7591-0189-2" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/0-7591-0189-2"><span class="nowrap">0-7591-0189-2</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/978-0-7591-0189-0" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/978-0-7591-0189-0"><span class="nowrap">978-0-7591-0189-0</span></a> et <a href="/wiki/Sp%C3%A9cial:Ouvrages_de_r%C3%A9f%C3%A9rence/0-7591-0190-6" title="Spécial:Ouvrages de référence/0-7591-0190-6"><span class="nowrap">0-7591-0190-6</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/Online_Computer_Library_Center" title="Online Computer Library Center">OCLC</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldcat.org/fr/title/48553252">48553252</a></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/48553252">lire en ligne</a>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+new+encyclopedia+of+Islam&rft.pub=AltaMira+Press&rft.aulast=Glass%C3%A9&rft.aufirst=Cyril&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=0-7591-0189-2&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F48553252&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3AAyatollah"></span></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Hermann2013"><span class="ouvrage" id="Denis_Hermann2013"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais">(en)</abbr> Denis <span class="nom_auteur">Hermann</span>, « <cite style="font-style:normal" lang="en">Akhund Khurasani and the Iranian Constitutional Movement</cite> », <i><span class="lang-en" lang="en">Middle Eastern Studies</span></i>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 49, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 3,‎ <time class="nowrap" datetime="2013-05" data-sort-value="2013-05">mai 2013</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="pages">p.</abbr> <span class="nowrap">430–453</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.issn.org/resource/issn/0026-3206">0026-3206</a></span> et <span class="plainlinks noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.issn.org/resource/issn/1743-7881">1743-7881</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00263206.2013.783828">10.1080/00263206.2013.783828</a></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00263206.2013.783828">lire en ligne</a>, consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2023-01-15" data-sort-value="2023-01-15">15 janvier 2023</time>)</small><span class="Z3988" 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