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overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; -webkit-line-clamp: 3; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; }</style><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><div class="u-floatLeft"><h1 class="PageHeader-title u-m0x u-fs30">Orality-Literacy Studies</h1><div class="u-tcGrayDark">37,046 Followers</div><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-mt2x">Recent papers in <b>Orality-Literacy Studies</b></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="TabbedNavigation"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><ul class="nav u-m0x u-p0x list-inline u-displayFlex"><li class="active"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies">Top Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies/MostCited">Most Cited Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies/MostDownloaded">Most Downloaded Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies/MostRecent">Newest Papers</a></li><li><a class="" href="https://www.academia.edu/People/Orality-Literacy_Studies">People</a></li></ul></div><style type="text/css">ul.nav{flex-direction:row}@media(max-width: 567px){ul.nav{flex-direction:column}.TabbedNavigation li{max-width:100%}.TabbedNavigation li.active{background-color:var(--background-grey, #dddde2)}.TabbedNavigation li.active:before,.TabbedNavigation li.active:after{display:none}}</style></div></div></div><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12"><div class="u-displayFlex"><div class="u-flexGrow1"><div class="works"><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_1988429" data-work_id="1988429" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1988429/A_Referential_Commentary_and_Lexicon_to_Homer_Iliad_VIII">A Referential Commentary and Lexicon to Homer, Iliad VIII</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This book aims to provide the reader of Homer with the traditional knowledge and fluency in Homeric poetry which an original ancient audience would have brought to a performance of this type of narrative. To that end, Adrian Kelly... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_1988429" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This book aims to provide the reader of Homer with the traditional knowledge and fluency in Homeric poetry which an original ancient audience would have brought to a performance of this type of narrative. To that end, Adrian Kelly presents the text of Iliad VIII next to an apparatus referring to the traditional units being employed, and gives a brief description of their semantic impact. He describes the referential curve of the narrative in a continuous commentary, tabulates all the traditional units in a separate lexicon of Homeric structure, and examines critical decisions concerning the text in a discussion which employs the referential method as a critical criterion. Two appendices deal with speech introduction formulae, and with the traditional function of Here and Athene in early Greek epic poetry. <br /> <br />Tsagalis, C., Bryn Mawr Classical Review 2008.01.25 <br />Heath, M., Greece & Rome 55 (2008) 111–12 <br />Clackson, J., Times Literary Supplement October 17 (2008) 33 <br />Strauss Clay, J., Religious Studies Review 34 (2008) 289 <br />Huxley, G. L., Hermathena 184 (2008) 93–5 <br />Cook, E., Classical Review 59 (2009) 14–16 <br />de Jong, I., Mnemosyne 62 (2009) 478–80 <br />Blanc, A., Revue des études grecques 122 (2009) 237–9</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/1988429" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ea92afff5bc9f115b2354a6694a09203" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":38122294,"asset_id":1988429,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/38122294/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0Nzk4OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2581919" href="https://oxford.academia.edu/AdrianKelly">Adrian Kelly</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2581919" type="text/json">{"id":2581919,"first_name":"Adrian","last_name":"Kelly","domain_name":"oxford","page_name":"AdrianKelly","display_name":"Adrian Kelly","profile_url":"https://oxford.academia.edu/AdrianKelly?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2581919/810044/6003880/s65_adrian.kelly.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_1988429 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="1988429"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 1988429, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_1988429", }); 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To that end, Adrian Kelly presents the text of Iliad VIII next to an apparatus referring to the traditional units being employed, and gives a brief description of their semantic impact. He describes the referential curve of the narrative in a continuous commentary, tabulates all the traditional units in a separate lexicon of Homeric structure, and examines critical decisions concerning the text in a discussion which employs the referential method as a critical criterion. Two appendices deal with speech introduction formulae, and with the traditional function of Here and Athene in early Greek epic poetry.\r\n\r\nTsagalis, C., Bryn Mawr Classical Review 2008.01.25\r\nHeath, M., Greece \u0026 Rome 55 (2008) 111–12\r\nClackson, J., Times Literary Supplement October 17 (2008) 33 \r\nStrauss Clay, J., Religious Studies Review 34 (2008) 289\r\nHuxley, G. L., Hermathena 184 (2008) 93–5 \r\nCook, E., Classical Review 59 (2009) 14–16\r\nde Jong, I., Mnemosyne 62 (2009) 478–80\r\nBlanc, A., Revue des études grecques 122 (2009) 237–9","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":38122294,"asset_id":1988429,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2581919,"first_name":"Adrian","last_name":"Kelly","domain_name":"oxford","page_name":"AdrianKelly","display_name":"Adrian Kelly","profile_url":"https://oxford.academia.edu/AdrianKelly?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2581919/810044/6003880/s65_adrian.kelly.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":832,"name":"Homer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Homer?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":837,"name":"Archaic Poetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaic_Poetry?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy 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Gert Ueding and Gregor Kalivoda, Berlin: de Gruyter 2013, pp. 185–210.","created_at":"2014-10-02T17:28:35.609-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/8610498/_Erz%C3%A4hler_und_persona_Rhetorik_und_Narratologie_zwischen_M%C3%BCndlichkeit_und_Schriftlichkeit_in_Wege_moderner_Rhetorikforschung_Klassische_Fundamente_und_interdisziplin%C3%A4re_Entwicklung_eds_Gert_Ueding_and_Gregor_Kalivoda_Berlin_de_Gruyter_2013_pp_185_210?f_ri=3891","dom_id":"work_8610498","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":48261787,"asset_id":8610498,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":9031225,"first_name":"Anita","last_name":"Traninger","domain_name":"fu-berlin","page_name":"AnitaTraninger","display_name":"Anita Traninger","profile_url":"https://fu-berlin.academia.edu/AnitaTraninger?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/9031225/3333386/17594386/s65_anita.traninger.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":953,"name":"Rhetoric","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rhetoric?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":5513,"name":"Narratology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Narratology?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_43378665" data-work_id="43378665" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43378665/La_oralidad_escrita_Sobre_la_inscricion_y_reivindicacion_del_discurso_oral_1997_">La oralidad escrita. Sobre la inscricion y reivindicacion del discurso oral (1997)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/43378665" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="19963db235e6a7c90005e12bc0b5d6ec" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":63672087,"asset_id":43378665,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63672087/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0Nzk4OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="184164" href="https://rutgers.academia.edu/JorgeMarcone">Jorge Marcone</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="184164" type="text/json">{"id":184164,"first_name":"Jorge","last_name":"Marcone","domain_name":"rutgers","page_name":"JorgeMarcone","display_name":"Jorge Marcone","profile_url":"https://rutgers.academia.edu/JorgeMarcone?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/184164/89456/6879188/s65_jorge.marcone.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_43378665 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="43378665"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 43378665, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_43378665", }); 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Sobre la inscricion y reivindicacion del discurso oral (1997)","created_at":"2020-06-18T13:34:52.678-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/43378665/La_oralidad_escrita_Sobre_la_inscricion_y_reivindicacion_del_discurso_oral_1997_?f_ri=3891","dom_id":"work_43378665","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":63672087,"asset_id":43378665,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":184164,"first_name":"Jorge","last_name":"Marcone","domain_name":"rutgers","page_name":"JorgeMarcone","display_name":"Jorge Marcone","profile_url":"https://rutgers.academia.edu/JorgeMarcone?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/184164/89456/6879188/s65_jorge.marcone.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":26805,"name":"Orality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":50363,"name":"Literatura","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Literatura?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":125979,"name":"Orality and Literacy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality_and_Literacy?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":143766,"name":"Second Orality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Second_Orality?f_ri=3891"},{"id":476833,"name":"Orality/Literacy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality_Literacy?f_ri=3891"},{"id":988094,"name":"Orality and Writing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality_and_Writing?f_ri=3891"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_6984003" data-work_id="6984003" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6984003/Outlawry_in_the_Icelandic_Family_Sagas">Outlawry in the Icelandic Family Sagas</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The present study scrutinizes the outlawry and outlaws that appear in the Icelandic Family Sagas. It provides a thorough description about outlawry on the basis of extant law and saga texts as well as an analysis of referential... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_6984003" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The present study scrutinizes the outlawry and outlaws that appear in the Icelandic Family Sagas. It provides a thorough description about outlawry on the basis of extant law and saga texts as well as an analysis of referential connotations attached to it. The concept of outlawry was fundamental for the medieval Icelanders conceptions of their past. Indeed, understanding outlawry is essential for understanding many of the Family Sagas. Outlaws appear in saga texts in significant roles. <br /> <br />The Icelandic Family Sagas comprise a group of prose narratives that were written down in the 13th and 14th century Iceland. They are based on events and personae that belong to the 10th century Iceland. These narratives introduce many outlaws, out of which some 75 are named. <br /> <br />The Family Sagas are studied here as one corpus and special emphasis is given to those narrative features that repetitively appear in connection with outlawry and the outlaw characters. Therefore, the eventual objects of this study are the medieval Icelanders general conceptions of the historical outlawry as well as the variations of these conceptions throughout the period of saga writing. The medieval Icelanders general conceptions about the 10th 11th century, which are reflected in the Family Sagas, are here referred to as the Saga World. The Saga World is the historically based taleworld to which all of the Family Sagas refer. <br /> <br />The medieval law texts, which were derived from centuries old legislative traditions, reveal that outlawry meant banishing from the society and being denied all help, and that the outlawed person lost the protection of the law. In practice, outlawry was a death sentence. <br /> <br />However, outlaws occupy many differing roles in the saga narratives even in connection with recurrent narrative motifs. These roles reflect the social and spatial structures of the Saga World. The inspection of outlawry within these structures reveals that the definition of outlawry as it appears in the law texts is insufficient for understanding outlawry in the saga texts. <br /> <br />The social and spatial structures also provide a basis for the connotations of outlawry. In this study, these connotations are inspected primarily from the referential connections between outlawry in the Family Sagas and corresponding phenomena in other concurrent literature. This is done by studying the implementations of the basic elements of outlawry in the Family Sagas marginalization, banishing, rejection and solitariness within other literary genres and the taleworlds to which they refer. It is argued that these taleworlds reflect the same ideas that were associated with outlawry in the Family Sagas albeit in different forms and that these different forms reciprocally contributed to the conceptions of outlawry. <br /> <br />The variety of denotations and connotations of outlawry that is visible in the medieval Icelandic texts reflects the ambiguity of outlawry in the Family Sagas. This ambiguity may shed light to questions such as why an outlaw could be perceived as a hero in a literary genre that predominantly promoted law and order and why the same outlaw could be perceived as a villain on another occasion.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/6984003" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="52acc8ec2cb51d970ec74ee81872d70a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":33649386,"asset_id":6984003,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33649386/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0Nzk4OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="238986" href="https://helsinki.academia.edu/JoonasAhola">Joonas Ahola</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="238986" type="text/json">{"id":238986,"first_name":"Joonas","last_name":"Ahola","domain_name":"helsinki","page_name":"JoonasAhola","display_name":"Joonas Ahola","profile_url":"https://helsinki.academia.edu/JoonasAhola?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/238986/3909652/154357951/s65_joonas.ahola.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_6984003 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="6984003"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 6984003, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_6984003", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=6984003]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_6984003").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_6984003").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="6984003"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">37</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="123" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mythology_And_Folklore">Mythology And Folklore</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="123" type="text/json">{"id":123,"name":"Mythology And Folklore","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mythology_And_Folklore?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="659" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Literature">Comparative Literature</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="659" type="text/json">{"id":659,"name":"Comparative Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Literature?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="787" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folklore">Folklore</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="787" type="text/json">{"id":787,"name":"Folklore","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folklore?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="788" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mythology">Mythology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="788" type="text/json">{"id":788,"name":"Mythology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mythology?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=6984003]'), work: {"id":6984003,"title":"Outlawry in the Icelandic Family Sagas","created_at":"2014-05-07T06:23:57.936-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/6984003/Outlawry_in_the_Icelandic_Family_Sagas?f_ri=3891","dom_id":"work_6984003","summary":"The present study scrutinizes the outlawry and outlaws that appear in the Icelandic Family Sagas. It provides a thorough description about outlawry on the basis of extant law and saga texts as well as an analysis of referential connotations attached to it. The concept of outlawry was fundamental for the medieval Icelanders conceptions of their past. Indeed, understanding outlawry is essential for understanding many of the Family Sagas. Outlaws appear in saga texts in significant roles. \r\n\r\nThe Icelandic Family Sagas comprise a group of prose narratives that were written down in the 13th and 14th century Iceland. They are based on events and personae that belong to the 10th century Iceland. These narratives introduce many outlaws, out of which some 75 are named. \r\n\r\nThe Family Sagas are studied here as one corpus and special emphasis is given to those narrative features that repetitively appear in connection with outlawry and the outlaw characters. Therefore, the eventual objects of this study are the medieval Icelanders general conceptions of the historical outlawry as well as the variations of these conceptions throughout the period of saga writing. The medieval Icelanders general conceptions about the 10th 11th century, which are reflected in the Family Sagas, are here referred to as the Saga World. The Saga World is the historically based taleworld to which all of the Family Sagas refer. \r\n\r\nThe medieval law texts, which were derived from centuries old legislative traditions, reveal that outlawry meant banishing from the society and being denied all help, and that the outlawed person lost the protection of the law. In practice, outlawry was a death sentence. \r\n\r\nHowever, outlaws occupy many differing roles in the saga narratives even in connection with recurrent narrative motifs. These roles reflect the social and spatial structures of the Saga World. The inspection of outlawry within these structures reveals that the definition of outlawry as it appears in the law texts is insufficient for understanding outlawry in the saga texts. \r\n\r\nThe social and spatial structures also provide a basis for the connotations of outlawry. In this study, these connotations are inspected primarily from the referential connections between outlawry in the Family Sagas and corresponding phenomena in other concurrent literature. This is done by studying the implementations of the basic elements of outlawry in the Family Sagas marginalization, banishing, rejection and solitariness within other literary genres and the taleworlds to which they refer. It is argued that these taleworlds reflect the same ideas that were associated with outlawry in the Family Sagas albeit in different forms and that these different forms reciprocally contributed to the conceptions of outlawry. \r\n\r\nThe variety of denotations and connotations of outlawry that is visible in the medieval Icelandic texts reflects the ambiguity of outlawry in the Family Sagas. This ambiguity may shed light to questions such as why an outlaw could be perceived as a hero in a literary genre that predominantly promoted law and order and why the same outlaw could be perceived as a villain on another occasion.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":33649386,"asset_id":6984003,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":238986,"first_name":"Joonas","last_name":"Ahola","domain_name":"helsinki","page_name":"JoonasAhola","display_name":"Joonas Ahola","profile_url":"https://helsinki.academia.edu/JoonasAhola?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/238986/3909652/154357951/s65_joonas.ahola.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":123,"name":"Mythology And Folklore","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mythology_And_Folklore?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":659,"name":"Comparative Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Literature?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":787,"name":"Folklore","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folklore?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":788,"name":"Mythology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mythology?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":792,"name":"Historical Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Anthropology?f_ri=3891"},{"id":997,"name":"Reception Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reception_Studies?f_ri=3891"},{"id":1228,"name":"Medieval Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Literature?f_ri=3891"},{"id":1446,"name":"Medieval History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_History?f_ri=3891"},{"id":2368,"name":"Reception Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reception_Theory?f_ri=3891"},{"id":2718,"name":"Linguistic Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistic_Anthropology?f_ri=3891"},{"id":2853,"name":"Medieval Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Studies?f_ri=3891"},{"id":3772,"name":"Legal History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legal_History?f_ri=3891"},{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891"},{"id":5420,"name":"Anthropology of space","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology_of_space?f_ri=3891"},{"id":5512,"name":"Narrative and interpretation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Narrative_and_interpretation?f_ri=3891"},{"id":5583,"name":"Audience and Reception Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Audience_and_Reception_Studies?f_ri=3891"},{"id":6337,"name":"Oral history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oral_history?f_ri=3891"},{"id":7540,"name":"Oral Traditions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oral_Traditions?f_ri=3891"},{"id":8475,"name":"Narrative Methods","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Narrative_Methods?f_ri=3891"},{"id":16518,"name":"Folklore (Literature)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folklore_Literature_?f_ri=3891"},{"id":18254,"name":"Icelandic Family Sagas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Icelandic_Family_Sagas?f_ri=3891"},{"id":18273,"name":"History of Iceland","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Iceland?f_ri=3891"},{"id":18284,"name":"Sagas of Icelanders","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sagas_of_Icelanders?f_ri=3891"},{"id":19818,"name":"Narrative Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Narrative_Theory?f_ri=3891"},{"id":22937,"name":"Mediaeval Icelandic History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mediaeval_Icelandic_History?f_ri=3891"},{"id":32351,"name":"Biblical Medieval Exegesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biblical_Medieval_Exegesis?f_ri=3891"},{"id":35636,"name":"Medieval Icelandic Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Icelandic_Literature?f_ri=3891"},{"id":38130,"name":"Folklore (Anthropology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folklore_Anthropology_?f_ri=3891"},{"id":49505,"name":"Icelandic Sagas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Icelandic_Sagas?f_ri=3891"},{"id":62430,"name":"Oral literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oral_literature?f_ri=3891"},{"id":121682,"name":"Medieval Outlaws","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Outlaws?f_ri=3891"},{"id":133732,"name":"Medieval Icelandic society","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Icelandic_society?f_ri=3891"},{"id":209331,"name":"Old Norse-Icelandic Literature and Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Norse-Icelandic_Literature_and_Culture?f_ri=3891"},{"id":273472,"name":"Old Norse heroic saga and eddaic literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Old_Norse_heroic_saga_and_eddaic_literature?f_ri=3891"},{"id":413088,"name":"Outlaws","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Outlaws?f_ri=3891"},{"id":804661,"name":"Outlaw Heroes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Outlaw_Heroes?f_ri=3891"},{"id":958248,"name":"Outlaws In Medieval History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Outlaws_In_Medieval_History?f_ri=3891"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_43705733 coauthored" data-work_id="43705733" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43705733/%C4%B0smail_G%C3%B6rkem_in_A%C4%9F%C4%B1t_T%C3%BCr%C3%BC_ile_%C4%B0lgili_%C3%87al%C4%B1%C5%9Fmalar%C4%B1_Halk_ve_Bilim_Aras%C4%B1nda_Bir_%C3%96m%C3%BCr_Prof_Dr_%C4%B0smail_G%C3%B6rkem_Arma%C4%9Fan%C4%B1_Konya_2020_iii">İsmail Görkem’in Ağıt Türü ile İlgili Çalışmaları, Halk ve Bilim Arasında Bir Ömür Prof. Dr. İsmail Görkem Armağanı Konya -2020 iii</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/43705733" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="134f220586b52d8f9ba73c2957297405" rel="nofollow" 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type="text/json">{"id":165369398,"first_name":"Hakan","last_name":"Coskunarslan","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"HCoskunarslan","display_name":"Hakan Coskunarslan","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/HCoskunarslan?f_ri=3891","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-43705733">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-43705733"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://selcuk.academia.edu/Nilg%C3%BCnAYDIN">Nilgün AYDIN</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-43705733'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-43705733').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li 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container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_43705733 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="43705733"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 43705733; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=43705733]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_43705733").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_43705733").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="43705733"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3891" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies">Orality-Literacy Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3891" type="text/json">{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7540" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oral_Traditions">Oral Traditions</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7540" type="text/json">{"id":7540,"name":"Oral Traditions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oral_Traditions?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="225762" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mourning_Songs">Mourning Songs</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="225762" type="text/json">{"id":225762,"name":"Mourning Songs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mourning_Songs?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1431449" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Agitlar">Ağıtlar</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1431449" type="text/json">{"id":1431449,"name":"Ağıtlar","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Agitlar?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=43705733]'), work: {"id":43705733,"title":"İsmail Görkem’in Ağıt Türü ile İlgili Çalışmaları, Halk ve Bilim Arasında Bir Ömür Prof. Dr. İsmail Görkem Armağanı Konya -2020 iii","created_at":"2020-07-24T13:30:04.856-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/43705733/%C4%B0smail_G%C3%B6rkem_in_A%C4%9F%C4%B1t_T%C3%BCr%C3%BC_ile_%C4%B0lgili_%C3%87al%C4%B1%C5%9Fmalar%C4%B1_Halk_ve_Bilim_Aras%C4%B1nda_Bir_%C3%96m%C3%BCr_Prof_Dr_%C4%B0smail_G%C3%B6rkem_Arma%C4%9Fan%C4%B1_Konya_2020_iii?f_ri=3891","dom_id":"work_43705733","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":64011183,"asset_id":43705733,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":165369398,"first_name":"Hakan","last_name":"Coskunarslan","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"HCoskunarslan","display_name":"Hakan Coskunarslan","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/HCoskunarslan?f_ri=3891","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":957446,"first_name":"Nilgün","last_name":"AYDIN","domain_name":"selcuk","page_name":"NilgünAYDIN","display_name":"Nilgün AYDIN","profile_url":"https://selcuk.academia.edu/Nilg%C3%BCnAYDIN?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/957446/353932/156550999/s65_nilg_n.aydin.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":7540,"name":"Oral Traditions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oral_Traditions?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":225762,"name":"Mourning Songs","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mourning_Songs?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":1431449,"name":"Ağıtlar","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Agitlar?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44133939" data-work_id="44133939" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44133939/COMUNICACI%C3%93N_Y_CULTURA_CONCEPTOS_B%C3%81SICOS_PARA_UNA_TEOR%C3%8DA_ANTROPOL%C3%93GICA_DE_LA_COMUNICACI%C3%93N">COMUNICACIÓN Y CULTURA: CONCEPTOS BÁSICOS PARA UNA TEORÍA ANTROPOLÓGICA DE LA COMUNICACIÓN</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">DE LA COMUNICACIÓN HUMANA COMO PRÁCTICA CULTURAL COMUNICACIÓN Y CULTURA Enfrentar en términos teóricos el problema de la comunicación humana exige, en primer lugar, entenderla como una práctica social inserta en contextos culturales... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44133939" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">DE LA COMUNICACIÓN HUMANA COMO PRÁCTICA CULTURAL COMUNICACIÓN Y CULTURA Enfrentar en términos teóricos el problema de la comunicación humana exige, en primer lugar, entenderla como una práctica social inserta en contextos culturales específicos y, en segundo lugar, pensar a la cultura como una construcción simbólica, o mejor, como una compleja articulación de redes simbólicas (Cassirer 1997 [1944]; Geertz 1997 [1973]).</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44133939" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="bf0e68cda72bfec99dd9db0247074749" rel="nofollow" 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data-card-contents-for-ri="2473" type="text/json">{"id":2473,"name":"Material Culture Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Material_Culture_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2524" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociolinguistics">Sociolinguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2524" type="text/json">{"id":2524,"name":"Sociolinguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociolinguistics?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3891" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies">Orality-Literacy Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3891" type="text/json">{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=44133939]'), work: {"id":44133939,"title":"COMUNICACIÓN Y CULTURA: CONCEPTOS BÁSICOS PARA UNA TEORÍA ANTROPOLÓGICA DE LA COMUNICACIÓN","created_at":"2020-09-21T09:34:49.454-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/44133939/COMUNICACI%C3%93N_Y_CULTURA_CONCEPTOS_B%C3%81SICOS_PARA_UNA_TEOR%C3%8DA_ANTROPOL%C3%93GICA_DE_LA_COMUNICACI%C3%93N?f_ri=3891","dom_id":"work_44133939","summary":"DE LA COMUNICACIÓN HUMANA COMO PRÁCTICA CULTURAL COMUNICACIÓN Y CULTURA Enfrentar en términos teóricos el problema de la comunicación humana exige, en primer lugar, entenderla como una práctica social inserta en contextos culturales específicos y, en segundo lugar, pensar a la cultura como una construcción simbólica, o mejor, como una compleja articulación de redes simbólicas (Cassirer 1997 [1944]; Geertz 1997 [1973]).","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":64485776,"asset_id":44133939,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":82307446,"first_name":"Julio","last_name":"Amador","domain_name":"unam1","page_name":"JulioAmador","display_name":"Julio Amador","profile_url":"https://unam1.academia.edu/JulioAmador?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/82307446/20464169/20115634/s65_julio.amador.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":776,"name":"Anthropological Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropological_Linguistics?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":2473,"name":"Material Culture Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Material_Culture_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":2524,"name":"Sociolinguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociolinguistics?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":5114,"name":"Hermeneutics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hermeneutics?f_ri=3891"},{"id":6519,"name":"Cultural Landscapes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Landscapes?f_ri=3891"},{"id":23342,"name":"Cultural Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Anthropology?f_ri=3891"},{"id":111868,"name":"Comunications","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comunications?f_ri=3891"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_1149263" data-work_id="1149263" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1149263/_Walter_Burkert_and_the_Meaning_of_Myth_">"Walter Burkert and the Meaning of Myth"</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Walter Burkert's approach to myth (summarized in this review-essay) is provocative and complex but it needs to be complemented by the larger vision of Jean Rudhardt and others.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/1149263" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4a0bc4a7e91ae10c7c30fc593f6445f3" rel="nofollow" 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});</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_1149263").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="1149263"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="788" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mythology">Mythology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="788" type="text/json">{"id":788,"name":"Mythology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mythology?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="816" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classics">Classics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="816" type="text/json">{"id":816,"name":"Classics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classics?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="826" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greek_Literature">Greek Literature</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="826" type="text/json">{"id":826,"name":"Greek Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greek_Literature?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2081" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Structuralism_Literary_Criticism_">Structuralism (Literary Criticism)</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2081" type="text/json">{"id":2081,"name":"Structuralism (Literary Criticism)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Structuralism_Literary_Criticism_?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=1149263]'), work: {"id":1149263,"title":"\"Walter Burkert and the Meaning of Myth\"","created_at":"2011-12-11T07:16:19.102-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/1149263/_Walter_Burkert_and_the_Meaning_of_Myth_?f_ri=3891","dom_id":"work_1149263","summary":"Walter Burkert's approach to myth (summarized in this review-essay) is provocative and complex but it needs to be complemented by the larger vision of Jean Rudhardt and others.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":30898678,"asset_id":1149263,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":264018,"first_name":"Claude","last_name":"Pavur","domain_name":"jesuitsources","page_name":"ClaudePavur","display_name":"Claude Pavur","profile_url":"https://jesuitsources.academia.edu/ClaudePavur?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/264018/244273/288798/s65_claude.pavur.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":788,"name":"Mythology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mythology?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":816,"name":"Classics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classics?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":826,"name":"Greek Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greek_Literature?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":2081,"name":"Structuralism (Literary Criticism)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Structuralism_Literary_Criticism_?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891"},{"id":4195,"name":"Cultural Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Theory?f_ri=3891"},{"id":18118,"name":"Ancient Greek Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Greek_Religion?f_ri=3891"},{"id":19694,"name":"Greek Myth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greek_Myth?f_ri=3891"},{"id":24217,"name":"Ritual Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ritual_Theory?f_ri=3891"},{"id":24312,"name":"Religious Experience","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religious_Experience?f_ri=3891"},{"id":48550,"name":"Religious Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religious_Studies?f_ri=3891"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_40389462" data-work_id="40389462" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/40389462/Binti_Re_Thinking_Santal_Identity_through_the_Creation_Myth">Binti: Re-Thinking Santal Identity through the Creation Myth</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Santals are one of the highly significant and well-studied tribes of India which belongs to ProtoAustoroid community. (Guha, 1944). Creation myths of Santals revolve around the creation of the world from the perspective of cosmology.... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_40389462" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Santals are one of the highly significant and well-studied tribes of India which belongs to ProtoAustoroid community. (Guha, 1944). Creation myths of Santals revolve around the creation of<br />the world from the perspective of cosmology. Since the creation myths of santals are of human<br />civilization, it is important to look at the genesis of oral narratives on creation to trace the<br />historiography of the Santal tribe and their culture. At this juncture, most of the tribal<br />communities have been listed as endangered (Census 2011); scholars of humanities and social sciences in the contemporary scenario have started focusing on studying and preserving the tribal<br />languages and cultures in India. There have been several translations of the santal literature,<br />scholarships such as W.H.Archer’sThe Blue Groove, SitakantMahapatra’sThe Awakened Wind:<br />The Oral Poetry of the Indian Tribes. The scholarship has been focusing to locate and validate the<br />tribal literature as a genre. Santals are rich in oral narratives such as songs, poems, and stories on<br />cultivation, nature, marriage, and festivals but there is a lack of knowledge about the dawn of<br />human civilisation among the tribal scholarship. Since tribal community have come in contact<br />with several amalgamations of the colonial penetration, Hindu institution of idol worship,<br />Christian missionaries, and the dawn of technological advancement, it is important to be aware<br />of one’s root in order to conquer the identity conflict among the tribals. There are several<br />variations on the Santal creation myth, particularly in the process of telling, retelling and sharing<br />across generations and shifting socio-cultural environment. The study seeks to move backward to<br />the inception of the world as believed by the Santal tribe, focusing on Binti, literally translated<br />as ‘prayer’ or ‘plea’, a song of cosmology, generally recited by a group of three or more singers<br />at marriage ceremonies. This study primarily examines the creation myth called ‘Binti’,<br />documented and translated into English by Sitakant Mahapatra in his work ‘The Awakened<br />Wind: The Oral Poetry of the Indian Tribes’ focusing on re-stabilizing tribal identity and<br />analyses the Santal folklore tradition, oral narratives as performative arts and creation myths in<br />translation from the aspect of ethnic culture and its significance among Santals. The paper also<br />focuses on the historiography of the Santal world view and Santal culture.<br />Keywords: Santal tribe, Binti, Creation Myth, Tribal Culture, Identity.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/40389462" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c3d0113bc5186e73087a41dabca173c9" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":60640559,"asset_id":40389462,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/60640559/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0Nzk4OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="126963249" href="https://nitrkl.academia.edu/NandiniTank">Nandini Tank</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="126963249" type="text/json">{"id":126963249,"first_name":"Nandini","last_name":"Tank","domain_name":"nitrkl","page_name":"NandiniTank","display_name":"Nandini Tank","profile_url":"https://nitrkl.academia.edu/NandiniTank?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/126963249/32435809/155200579/s65_nandini.tank.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_40389462 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="40389462"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 40389462, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_40389462", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=40389462]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_40389462").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_40389462").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="40389462"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3524" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historiography">Historiography</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3524" type="text/json">{"id":3524,"name":"Historiography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historiography?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3891" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies">Orality-Literacy Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3891" type="text/json">{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="26805" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality">Orality</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="26805" type="text/json">{"id":26805,"name":"Orality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="47407" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/JHARKHAND">JHARKHAND</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="47407" type="text/json">{"id":47407,"name":"JHARKHAND","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/JHARKHAND?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=40389462]'), work: {"id":40389462,"title":"Binti: Re-Thinking Santal Identity through the Creation Myth","created_at":"2019-09-18T23:54:35.328-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/40389462/Binti_Re_Thinking_Santal_Identity_through_the_Creation_Myth?f_ri=3891","dom_id":"work_40389462","summary":"Santals are one of the highly significant and well-studied tribes of India which belongs to ProtoAustoroid community. (Guha, 1944). Creation myths of Santals revolve around the creation of\nthe world from the perspective of cosmology. Since the creation myths of santals are of human\ncivilization, it is important to look at the genesis of oral narratives on creation to trace the\nhistoriography of the Santal tribe and their culture. At this juncture, most of the tribal\ncommunities have been listed as endangered (Census 2011); scholars of humanities and social sciences in the contemporary scenario have started focusing on studying and preserving the tribal\nlanguages and cultures in India. There have been several translations of the santal literature,\nscholarships such as W.H.Archer’sThe Blue Groove, SitakantMahapatra’sThe Awakened Wind:\nThe Oral Poetry of the Indian Tribes. The scholarship has been focusing to locate and validate the\ntribal literature as a genre. Santals are rich in oral narratives such as songs, poems, and stories on\ncultivation, nature, marriage, and festivals but there is a lack of knowledge about the dawn of\nhuman civilisation among the tribal scholarship. Since tribal community have come in contact\nwith several amalgamations of the colonial penetration, Hindu institution of idol worship,\nChristian missionaries, and the dawn of technological advancement, it is important to be aware\nof one’s root in order to conquer the identity conflict among the tribals. There are several\nvariations on the Santal creation myth, particularly in the process of telling, retelling and sharing\nacross generations and shifting socio-cultural environment. The study seeks to move backward to\nthe inception of the world as believed by the Santal tribe, focusing on Binti, literally translated\nas ‘prayer’ or ‘plea’, a song of cosmology, generally recited by a group of three or more singers\nat marriage ceremonies. This study primarily examines the creation myth called ‘Binti’,\ndocumented and translated into English by Sitakant Mahapatra in his work ‘The Awakened\nWind: The Oral Poetry of the Indian Tribes’ focusing on re-stabilizing tribal identity and\nanalyses the Santal folklore tradition, oral narratives as performative arts and creation myths in\ntranslation from the aspect of ethnic culture and its significance among Santals. The paper also\nfocuses on the historiography of the Santal world view and Santal culture.\nKeywords: Santal tribe, Binti, Creation Myth, Tribal Culture, Identity. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":60640559,"asset_id":40389462,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":126963249,"first_name":"Nandini","last_name":"Tank","domain_name":"nitrkl","page_name":"NandiniTank","display_name":"Nandini Tank","profile_url":"https://nitrkl.academia.edu/NandiniTank?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/126963249/32435809/155200579/s65_nandini.tank.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3524,"name":"Historiography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historiography?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":26805,"name":"Orality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":47407,"name":"JHARKHAND","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/JHARKHAND?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":83404,"name":"Myths","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Myths?f_ri=3891"},{"id":430770,"name":"Tribes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tribes?f_ri=3891"},{"id":3382924,"name":"Tribal myths","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tribal_myths?f_ri=3891"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_24369833" data-work_id="24369833" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/24369833/Research_Statement">Research Statement</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">My scholarly interests place oral histories exploring the performance aspect of intellectual and educational identities within broader historical contexts to explore ways in which institutions and cultures impose identities. It does so... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_24369833" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">My scholarly interests place oral histories exploring the performance aspect of intellectual and educational identities within broader historical contexts to explore ways in which institutions and cultures impose identities. It does so with a particular eye to the role of standardized testing. Exploring these relationships is important because, motivated by a faith in their use as an accurate measure of educational quality, the number of K-12 students taking standardized tests in U.S. public schools is at an all-time high, as is enthusiasm for using standardized testing to assess educational quality, despite evidence that it narrows the definition of education to one that devalues critical thinking and knowledge creation in favor of more easily tested abilities related to skill-based job training. The results of such research are of interest to me as a writing teacher since testing and the preparation for it have a direct effect on how students define what qualifies as " good writing " and, by extension, the writing selves they bring to the classroom.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/24369833" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="892888d75e4560a28ac575987036f6a0" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":44700578,"asset_id":24369833,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44700578/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0Nzk4OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="26624263" href="https://uiowa.academia.edu/SteveMcNutt">Steve McNutt</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="26624263" type="text/json">{"id":26624263,"first_name":"Steve","last_name":"McNutt","domain_name":"uiowa","page_name":"SteveMcNutt","display_name":"Steve McNutt","profile_url":"https://uiowa.academia.edu/SteveMcNutt?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/26624263/7410882/17988932/s65_steve.mcnutt.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_24369833 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="24369833"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 24369833, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_24369833", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_24369833 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 24369833; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_24369833"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_24369833 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="24369833"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 24369833; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=24369833]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_24369833").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_24369833").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="24369833"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2170" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnography">Ethnography</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2170" type="text/json">{"id":2170,"name":"Ethnography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnography?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3891" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies">Orality-Literacy Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3891" type="text/json">{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6337" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oral_history">Oral history</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6337" type="text/json">{"id":6337,"name":"Oral history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oral_history?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="49664" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oral_History_and_Memory">Oral History and Memory</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="49664" type="text/json">{"id":49664,"name":"Oral History and Memory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oral_History_and_Memory?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=24369833]'), work: {"id":24369833,"title":"Research Statement","created_at":"2016-04-13T09:11:30.451-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/24369833/Research_Statement?f_ri=3891","dom_id":"work_24369833","summary":"My scholarly interests place oral histories exploring the performance aspect of intellectual and educational identities within broader historical contexts to explore ways in which institutions and cultures impose identities. It does so with a particular eye to the role of standardized testing. Exploring these relationships is important because, motivated by a faith in their use as an accurate measure of educational quality, the number of K-12 students taking standardized tests in U.S. public schools is at an all-time high, as is enthusiasm for using standardized testing to assess educational quality, despite evidence that it narrows the definition of education to one that devalues critical thinking and knowledge creation in favor of more easily tested abilities related to skill-based job training. The results of such research are of interest to me as a writing teacher since testing and the preparation for it have a direct effect on how students define what qualifies as \" good writing \" and, by extension, the writing selves they bring to the classroom.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":44700578,"asset_id":24369833,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":26624263,"first_name":"Steve","last_name":"McNutt","domain_name":"uiowa","page_name":"SteveMcNutt","display_name":"Steve McNutt","profile_url":"https://uiowa.academia.edu/SteveMcNutt?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/26624263/7410882/17988932/s65_steve.mcnutt.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2170,"name":"Ethnography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ethnography?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":6337,"name":"Oral history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oral_history?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":49664,"name":"Oral History and Memory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oral_History_and_Memory?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":285216,"name":"Standardized Testing Assessment Higher Education Parents Students Involvement Psychology Sociology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Standardized_Testing_Assessment_Higher_Education_Parents_Students_Involvement_Psychology_Sociology?f_ri=3891"},{"id":1171305,"name":"Oral History and the Humanities","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oral_History_and_the_Humanities?f_ri=3891"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_40107639" data-work_id="40107639" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/40107639/The_Embodied_Practice_of_Emplacement_in_Landn%C3%A1m">The Embodied Practice of Emplacement in Landnám</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Forthcoming in a volume edited by Haraldur Bernhardsson. This article examines Landnámabók utilizing the anthropological distinction between place and space, defined within an understanding of phenomenology and emplaced paractice centered... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_40107639" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Forthcoming in a volume edited by Haraldur Bernhardsson. This article examines Landnámabók utilizing the anthropological distinction between place and space, defined within an understanding of phenomenology and emplaced paractice centered around the body. Based on a close analysis of several passages in Landnámabók, it argues that although there are some abstract spatial references in Landnámabók, the text shows a persistant concern with place rather than space. This manifests itself primarily in an interest in clockwise circumlocution which creates an empathetic familiarity with the landscape, an embodied map of the island. The implications of this finding are then explored in three ways: what it might suggest for other medieval texts that have been thought to demonstrate a greater interest in spatial categories but whose emplacement may be overlooked; how such emplacement could reflect a historical tradition tied to the act of enculturating an unknown land through a semi-ritualized and sacred act; and how appreciating the emplacement of the text and its emphasis on bodily interaction wth the landscape helps modern scholars situate the Old Norse corpus within the history of Western European thought about land and landscape. Our modern habitus and cultural preferences for space has, it is argued, caused Old Norse scholars to overlook or misunderstand the preponderence of evidence of an emplaced, pre-Cartesian world view permeating medieval manuscript pages. Landnámabók is presented as extreme in its dependence on knowledge of place for textual cohesion, but not unique within a textual tradition that is co-constituted with the landscape. The ubiquity of this close relationship between the body, the landscape, and the text suggests a culturally engrained attitude that would have had long-term efficacy outside of the texual tradition.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/40107639" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c44605f5e286b98e82ae1545ffa2b98a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":60319248,"asset_id":40107639,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/60319248/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0Nzk4OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2359654" href="https://berkeley.academia.edu/ElisabethIdaWard">Elisabeth Ida Ward</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2359654" type="text/json">{"id":2359654,"first_name":"Elisabeth Ida","last_name":"Ward","domain_name":"berkeley","page_name":"ElisabethIdaWard","display_name":"Elisabeth Ida Ward","profile_url":"https://berkeley.academia.edu/ElisabethIdaWard?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2359654/743818/923324/s65_elisabeth.ida.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_40107639 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="40107639"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 40107639, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_40107639", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=40107639]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_40107639").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_40107639").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="40107639"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2795" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Landscape_Archaeology">Landscape Archaeology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2795" type="text/json">{"id":2795,"name":"Landscape Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Landscape_Archaeology?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3891" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies">Orality-Literacy Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3891" type="text/json">{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4156" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Local_History">Local History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4156" type="text/json">{"id":4156,"name":"Local History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Local_History?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12200" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sense_of_Place">Sense of Place</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="12200" type="text/json">{"id":12200,"name":"Sense of Place","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sense_of_Place?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=40107639]'), work: {"id":40107639,"title":"The Embodied Practice of Emplacement in Landnám","created_at":"2019-08-17T12:34:37.204-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/40107639/The_Embodied_Practice_of_Emplacement_in_Landn%C3%A1m?f_ri=3891","dom_id":"work_40107639","summary":"Forthcoming in a volume edited by Haraldur Bernhardsson. This article examines Landnámabók utilizing the anthropological distinction between place and space, defined within an understanding of phenomenology and emplaced paractice centered around the body. Based on a close analysis of several passages in Landnámabók, it argues that although there are some abstract spatial references in Landnámabók, the text shows a persistant concern with place rather than space. This manifests itself primarily in an interest in clockwise circumlocution which creates an empathetic familiarity with the landscape, an embodied map of the island. The implications of this finding are then explored in three ways: what it might suggest for other medieval texts that have been thought to demonstrate a greater interest in spatial categories but whose emplacement may be overlooked; how such emplacement could reflect a historical tradition tied to the act of enculturating an unknown land through a semi-ritualized and sacred act; and how appreciating the emplacement of the text and its emphasis on bodily interaction wth the landscape helps modern scholars situate the Old Norse corpus within the history of Western European thought about land and landscape. Our modern habitus and cultural preferences for space has, it is argued, caused Old Norse scholars to overlook or misunderstand the preponderence of evidence of an emplaced, pre-Cartesian world view permeating medieval manuscript pages. Landnámabók is presented as extreme in its dependence on knowledge of place for textual cohesion, but not unique within a textual tradition that is co-constituted with the landscape. The ubiquity of this close relationship between the body, the landscape, and the text suggests a culturally engrained attitude that would have had long-term efficacy outside of the texual tradition. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":60319248,"asset_id":40107639,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2359654,"first_name":"Elisabeth Ida","last_name":"Ward","domain_name":"berkeley","page_name":"ElisabethIdaWard","display_name":"Elisabeth Ida Ward","profile_url":"https://berkeley.academia.edu/ElisabethIdaWard?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2359654/743818/923324/s65_elisabeth.ida.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2795,"name":"Landscape Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Landscape_Archaeology?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":4156,"name":"Local History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Local_History?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":12200,"name":"Sense of Place","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sense_of_Place?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":14617,"name":"Phenomenology of the body","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phenomenology_of_the_body?f_ri=3891"},{"id":16670,"name":"Early Medieval And Medieval Settlement (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Medieval_And_Medieval_Settlement_Archaeology_?f_ri=3891"},{"id":35636,"name":"Medieval Icelandic Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Icelandic_Literature?f_ri=3891"},{"id":183815,"name":"Enculturation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Enculturation?f_ri=3891"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_45646439 coauthored" data-work_id="45646439" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/45646439/Talking_History">Talking History</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Review of Guy Beiner's Remembering the Year of the French: Irish Folk History and Social Memory (University of Wisconsin Press) by Stuart McLean</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/45646439" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="983a4b1f556793d8f65f0793b8d59012" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":66143029,"asset_id":45646439,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66143029/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0Nzk4OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32986491" href="https://bc.academia.edu/GuyBeiner">Guy Beiner</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32986491" type="text/json">{"id":32986491,"first_name":"Guy","last_name":"Beiner","domain_name":"bc","page_name":"GuyBeiner","display_name":"Guy Beiner","profile_url":"https://bc.academia.edu/GuyBeiner?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/32986491/9805042/10925385/s65_guy.beiner.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-45646439">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-45646439"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://umn.academia.edu/StuartMcLean">Stuart McLean</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-45646439'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-45646439').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_45646439 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="45646439"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 45646439, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_45646439", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_45646439 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 45646439; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_45646439"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_45646439 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="45646439"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 45646439; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=45646439]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_45646439").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_45646439").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="45646439"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">16</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="128" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History">History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="128" type="text/json">{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="386" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Irish_Studies">Irish Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="386" type="text/json">{"id":386,"name":"Irish Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Irish_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="767" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology">Anthropology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="767" type="text/json">{"id":767,"name":"Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="787" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folklore">Folklore</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="787" type="text/json">{"id":787,"name":"Folklore","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folklore?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=45646439]'), work: {"id":45646439,"title":"Talking History","created_at":"2021-03-30T14:12:45.012-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/45646439/Talking_History?f_ri=3891","dom_id":"work_45646439","summary":"Review of Guy Beiner's Remembering the Year of the French: Irish Folk History and Social Memory (University of Wisconsin Press) by Stuart McLean","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":66143029,"asset_id":45646439,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":32986491,"first_name":"Guy","last_name":"Beiner","domain_name":"bc","page_name":"GuyBeiner","display_name":"Guy Beiner","profile_url":"https://bc.academia.edu/GuyBeiner?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/32986491/9805042/10925385/s65_guy.beiner.jpg"},{"id":333088,"first_name":"Stuart","last_name":"McLean","domain_name":"umn","page_name":"StuartMcLean","display_name":"Stuart McLean","profile_url":"https://umn.academia.edu/StuartMcLean?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/333088/138618/5122931/s65_stuart.mclean.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":386,"name":"Irish Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Irish_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":767,"name":"Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":787,"name":"Folklore","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folklore?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":792,"name":"Historical Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historical_Anthropology?f_ri=3891"},{"id":3524,"name":"Historiography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historiography?f_ri=3891"},{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891"},{"id":6337,"name":"Oral history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oral_history?f_ri=3891"},{"id":7540,"name":"Oral Traditions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oral_Traditions?f_ri=3891"},{"id":10690,"name":"Irish History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Irish_History?f_ri=3891"},{"id":11455,"name":"Social and Collective Memory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_and_Collective_Memory?f_ri=3891"},{"id":16235,"name":"Popular And Political Cultures Of Memory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Popular_And_Political_Cultures_Of_Memory?f_ri=3891"},{"id":23342,"name":"Cultural Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Anthropology?f_ri=3891"},{"id":29367,"name":"Subaltern Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Subaltern_Studies?f_ri=3891"},{"id":38841,"name":"Vernacular","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vernacular?f_ri=3891"},{"id":62430,"name":"Oral literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oral_literature?f_ri=3891"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_49046286" data-work_id="49046286" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/49046286/_Transcodification_between_electracy_and_performance_An_insight_into_Gregory_Ulmer_s_applied_grammatology_First_Conference_of_the_ICLA_Committe_Transcodification_Literatures_Arts_Media_Department_of_Humanities_July_1_3_2021_University_of_L_Aquila">"Transcodification between electracy and performance. An insight into Gregory Ulmer’s 'applied grammatology'”. First Conference of the ICLA Committe: Transcodification: Literatures-Arts-Media, Department of Humanities, July 1-3, 2021, University of L’Aquila</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This paper aims to put the conference theme in relation to Ulmer's thinking on what he has called "applied grammatology" and electracy. Gregory Ulmer is Professor Emeritus of English and Media Studies at the University of Florida; author... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_49046286" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This paper aims to put the conference theme in relation to Ulmer's thinking on what he has called "applied grammatology" and electracy. Gregory Ulmer is Professor Emeritus of English and Media Studies at the University of Florida; author of books such as Applied Grammatology (1985), Internet Invention (2003), Electronic Monuments (2006). Continuously nurturing a pedagogical interest, Ulmer devoted his research to explore the shift in the apparatus from orality to literacy, and from literacy to electracy. According to him, new media were affecting our moment the way print affected Renaissance Europe, or the way the alphabet affected Ancient Greece. Grammatology-the history and theory of writing-«shows that one of the first uses of a new technology of memory is the recording of the extant works of culture: Homeric epics inscripted in Ancient Greece; Bible printed in Renaissance Europe; novel filmed in modern America. The content of the new media, McLuhan observed, is the old media» (Ulmer 2003: 4). Here, an overlapping of transcodification and re-mediation can be easily singled out. Nevertheless, we continue to reproduce Aristotelian categories (which is fine for literacy), when what our civilization needed was the equivalent of literacy for what is now called new media: they were becoming a predominant site of cultural life, and people needed not just to consume media, but become "literate" in media. So Ulmer introduced the term electracy to describe the kind of "literacy" or skill and facility necessary to exploit the full communicative potential of new electronic media. Moreover, he suggests that «performance may be to electracy what definition was to literacy» (38). If this sentence makes any sense, we should take for serious the Biopetics/Literary Darwinism assumption that the basic forms of experience which narratives always expose us to are re-enactment, repetition, and rewriting namely , kinds of performance behaviors (Cometa 2017).</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/49046286" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="baa9d62d2181ff5e37e8bd436419342a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":67431389,"asset_id":49046286,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/67431389/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0Nzk4OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="7290976" href="https://uniteramo.academia.edu/FabrizioDeriu">Fabrizio Deriu</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="7290976" type="text/json">{"id":7290976,"first_name":"Fabrizio","last_name":"Deriu","domain_name":"uniteramo","page_name":"FabrizioDeriu","display_name":"Fabrizio Deriu","profile_url":"https://uniteramo.academia.edu/FabrizioDeriu?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7290976/2703655/156589334/s65_fabrizio.deriu.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_49046286 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="49046286"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 49046286, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_49046286", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=49046286]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_49046286").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_49046286").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="49046286"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">14</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="659" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Literature">Comparative Literature</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="659" type="text/json">{"id":659,"name":"Comparative Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Literature?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="859" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Communication">Communication</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="859" type="text/json">{"id":859,"name":"Communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Communication?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="928" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Media_Studies">Media Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="928" type="text/json">{"id":928,"name":"Media Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Media_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="947" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theatre_Studies">Theatre Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="947" type="text/json">{"id":947,"name":"Theatre Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theatre_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=49046286]'), work: {"id":49046286,"title":"\"Transcodification between electracy and performance. An insight into Gregory Ulmer’s 'applied grammatology'”. First Conference of the ICLA Committe: Transcodification: Literatures-Arts-Media, Department of Humanities, July 1-3, 2021, University of L’Aquila","created_at":"2021-05-25T23:24:21.236-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/49046286/_Transcodification_between_electracy_and_performance_An_insight_into_Gregory_Ulmer_s_applied_grammatology_First_Conference_of_the_ICLA_Committe_Transcodification_Literatures_Arts_Media_Department_of_Humanities_July_1_3_2021_University_of_L_Aquila?f_ri=3891","dom_id":"work_49046286","summary":"This paper aims to put the conference theme in relation to Ulmer's thinking on what he has called \"applied grammatology\" and electracy. Gregory Ulmer is Professor Emeritus of English and Media Studies at the University of Florida; author of books such as Applied Grammatology (1985), Internet Invention (2003), Electronic Monuments (2006). Continuously nurturing a pedagogical interest, Ulmer devoted his research to explore the shift in the apparatus from orality to literacy, and from literacy to electracy. According to him, new media were affecting our moment the way print affected Renaissance Europe, or the way the alphabet affected Ancient Greece. Grammatology-the history and theory of writing-«shows that one of the first uses of a new technology of memory is the recording of the extant works of culture: Homeric epics inscripted in Ancient Greece; Bible printed in Renaissance Europe; novel filmed in modern America. The content of the new media, McLuhan observed, is the old media» (Ulmer 2003: 4). Here, an overlapping of transcodification and re-mediation can be easily singled out. Nevertheless, we continue to reproduce Aristotelian categories (which is fine for literacy), when what our civilization needed was the equivalent of literacy for what is now called new media: they were becoming a predominant site of cultural life, and people needed not just to consume media, but become \"literate\" in media. So Ulmer introduced the term electracy to describe the kind of \"literacy\" or skill and facility necessary to exploit the full communicative potential of new electronic media. Moreover, he suggests that «performance may be to electracy what definition was to literacy» (38). If this sentence makes any sense, we should take for serious the Biopetics/Literary Darwinism assumption that the basic forms of experience which narratives always expose us to are re-enactment, repetition, and rewriting namely , kinds of performance behaviors (Cometa 2017).","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":67431389,"asset_id":49046286,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":7290976,"first_name":"Fabrizio","last_name":"Deriu","domain_name":"uniteramo","page_name":"FabrizioDeriu","display_name":"Fabrizio Deriu","profile_url":"https://uniteramo.academia.edu/FabrizioDeriu?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7290976/2703655/156589334/s65_fabrizio.deriu.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":659,"name":"Comparative Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Literature?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":859,"name":"Communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Communication?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":928,"name":"Media Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Media_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":947,"name":"Theatre Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theatre_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":2246,"name":"Digital Literacy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Digital_Literacy?f_ri=3891"},{"id":2337,"name":"Performance Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Performance_Studies?f_ri=3891"},{"id":2869,"name":"Digital Media","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Digital_Media?f_ri=3891"},{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891"},{"id":4041,"name":"Orality-Literacy-Electracy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy-Electracy_Studies?f_ri=3891"},{"id":4490,"name":"Cognitive Narratology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Narratology?f_ri=3891"},{"id":5463,"name":"Performance Art","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Performance_Art?f_ri=3891"},{"id":29102,"name":"Theatre","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theatre?f_ri=3891"},{"id":46344,"name":"Remediation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Remediation?f_ri=3891"},{"id":228788,"name":"Teatrología","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teatrolog%C3%ADa?f_ri=3891"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_2155852" data-work_id="2155852" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest 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Landi, Stampa, censura e opinione pubblica in età moderna, Il Mulino 2011","created_at":"2012-11-18T21:42:02.237-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/2155852/_in_German_Sandro_Landi_Stampa_censura_e_opinione_pubblica_in_et%C3%A0_moderna_Il_Mulino_2011?f_ri=3891","dom_id":"work_2155852","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":30210846,"asset_id":2155852,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":302170,"first_name":"Massimo","last_name":"Rospocher","domain_name":"fbk","page_name":"MassimoRospocher","display_name":"Massimo Rospocher","profile_url":"https://fbk.academia.edu/MassimoRospocher?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/302170/62097/4188269/s65_massimo.rospocher.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":876,"name":"Print Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Print_Culture?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":966,"name":"Censorship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Censorship?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":1116,"name":"Public Opinion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Opinion?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":1727,"name":"Early Modern History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Early_Modern_History?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891"},{"id":15971,"name":"Censorship (History)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Censorship_History_?f_ri=3891"},{"id":30632,"name":"Public Space","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Space?f_ri=3891"},{"id":63617,"name":"Book Censorship (history)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Book_Censorship_history_?f_ri=3891"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_41744514" data-work_id="41744514" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/41744514/Phantom_Sounds_How_We_Read_Tales_Fury_Nothing_Sound_eds_Kaitlin_Heller_and_Suzanne_Akbari_Brooklyn_punctum_books_2019_pp_103_111">Phantom Sounds. How We Read: Tales, Fury, Nothing, Sound, eds. Kaitlin Heller and Suzanne Akbari (Brooklyn: punctum books, 2019), pp. 103-111</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/41744514" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="931e1685ffb67c0a1f880f9352572526" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":66032600,"asset_id":41744514,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66032600/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0Nzk4OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1117907" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JonathanHsy">Jonathan Hsy</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1117907" type="text/json">{"id":1117907,"first_name":"Jonathan","last_name":"Hsy","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"JonathanHsy","display_name":"Jonathan Hsy","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/JonathanHsy?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1117907/2708709/42464335/s65_jonathan.hsy.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_41744514 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="41744514"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 41744514, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_41744514", }); 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Aunque la heroína de la novela se aferre a su palabra criolla, poco a poco debe ir desplazándola por la escritura y por el francés que llegan con la colonización. Sin... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_11686310" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">En Texaco hay una tensión constante entre la oralidad y la escritura. Aunque la heroína de la novela se aferre <br />a su palabra criolla, poco a poco debe ir desplazándola por la escritura y por el francés que llegan con la <br />colonización. Sin embargo, para no negar su pasado, ella se ve en la obligación de mezclar su tradición con la <br />impuesta por los colonos. Así, tanto Texaco como su cultura se caracterizarán por la hibridación. La arquitectura <br />y el habla serán el símbolo de la mezcla, del cruce de dos culturas: la alta cultura y la cultura popular. En este <br />trabajo me interesa analizar la obra desde el concepto de hibridación y desde la postura de Ángel Rama en La <br />ciudad letrada —opuesta a la ciudad real—, pues este autor muestra cómo la palabra escrita se constituye <br />en uno de los aparatos culturales que reglamenta la permanencia del poder. Se tendrán en cuenta términos <br />como oralidad, escritura, hibridación y cultura popular.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/11686310" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="037a0b5c5bd061844e5d130b650efe28" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":37133509,"asset_id":11686310,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37133509/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0Nzk4OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3848799" href="https://ulaval.academia.edu/LizethDonoso">Lizeth Donoso</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3848799" type="text/json">{"id":3848799,"first_name":"Lizeth","last_name":"Donoso","domain_name":"ulaval","page_name":"LizethDonoso","display_name":"Lizeth Donoso","profile_url":"https://ulaval.academia.edu/LizethDonoso?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3848799/1411640/6009045/s65_lizeth.donoso.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_11686310 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="11686310"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 11686310, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_11686310", }); 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Aunque la heroína de la novela se aferre\r\na su palabra criolla, poco a poco debe ir desplazándola por la escritura y por el francés que llegan con la\r\ncolonización. Sin embargo, para no negar su pasado, ella se ve en la obligación de mezclar su tradición con la\r\nimpuesta por los colonos. Así, tanto Texaco como su cultura se caracterizarán por la hibridación. La arquitectura\r\ny el habla serán el símbolo de la mezcla, del cruce de dos culturas: la alta cultura y la cultura popular. En este\r\ntrabajo me interesa analizar la obra desde el concepto de hibridación y desde la postura de Ángel Rama en La\r\nciudad letrada —opuesta a la ciudad real—, pues este autor muestra cómo la palabra escrita se constituye\r\nen uno de los aparatos culturales que reglamenta la permanencia del poder. Se tendrán en cuenta términos\r\ncomo oralidad, escritura, hibridación y cultura popular.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37133509,"asset_id":11686310,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3848799,"first_name":"Lizeth","last_name":"Donoso","domain_name":"ulaval","page_name":"LizethDonoso","display_name":"Lizeth Donoso","profile_url":"https://ulaval.academia.edu/LizethDonoso?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3848799/1411640/6009045/s65_lizeth.donoso.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":6556,"name":"Colonialism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Colonialism?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":8536,"name":"Hybridization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hybridization?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":69168,"name":"Patrick Chamoiseau","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patrick_Chamoiseau?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":1266804,"name":"Caribean Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Caribean_Literature?f_ri=3891"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_2314272" data-work_id="2314272" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/2314272/Orality_and_literacy_in_the_folktale">Orality and literacy in the folktale</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/2314272" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="23eb9bf87be096f0a85ee3bcbd048ae3" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":30360406,"asset_id":2314272,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/30360406/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0Nzk4OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2817023" href="https://unibg.academia.edu/ValentinaPisanty">Valentina Pisanty</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2817023" type="text/json">{"id":2817023,"first_name":"Valentina","last_name":"Pisanty","domain_name":"unibg","page_name":"ValentinaPisanty","display_name":"Valentina Pisanty","profile_url":"https://unibg.academia.edu/ValentinaPisanty?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2817023/969197/7221872/s65_valentina.pisanty.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_2314272 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="2314272"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 2314272, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_2314272", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=2314272]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_2314272").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_2314272").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="2314272"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="94" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Discourse_Analysis">Discourse Analysis</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="94" type="text/json">{"id":94,"name":"Discourse Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Discourse_Analysis?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="98" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semiotics">Semiotics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="98" type="text/json">{"id":98,"name":"Semiotics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semiotics?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="188" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Studies">Cultural Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="188" type="text/json">{"id":188,"name":"Cultural Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="787" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folklore">Folklore</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="787" type="text/json">{"id":787,"name":"Folklore","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folklore?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=2314272]'), work: {"id":2314272,"title":"Orality and literacy in the folktale","created_at":"2012-12-20T03:52:02.716-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/2314272/Orality_and_literacy_in_the_folktale?f_ri=3891","dom_id":"work_2314272","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":30360406,"asset_id":2314272,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2817023,"first_name":"Valentina","last_name":"Pisanty","domain_name":"unibg","page_name":"ValentinaPisanty","display_name":"Valentina Pisanty","profile_url":"https://unibg.academia.edu/ValentinaPisanty?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2817023/969197/7221872/s65_valentina.pisanty.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":94,"name":"Discourse Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Discourse_Analysis?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":98,"name":"Semiotics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semiotics?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":188,"name":"Cultural Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cultural_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":787,"name":"Folklore","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folklore?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":2746,"name":"Children's Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Childrens_Literature?f_ri=3891"},{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891"},{"id":9217,"name":"Folktales","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folktales?f_ri=3891"},{"id":426489,"name":"Sosiolinguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sosiolinguistics?f_ri=3891"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_41558196" data-work_id="41558196" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/41558196/Sui_confini_labili_tra_letteratura_e_non_letteratura_e_su_Facebook_come_fucina_poetica_">Sui confini labili tra letteratura e non-letteratura (e su Facebook come fucina poetica)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Il testo si interroga sulla nozione e sullo statuto del discorso letterario soprattutto in relazione alle nuove scritture che emergono sulla Rete. Più in generale il saggetto propone una visione allargata del campo letterario fino al... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_41558196" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Il testo si interroga sulla nozione e sullo statuto del discorso letterario soprattutto in relazione alle nuove scritture che emergono sulla Rete. Più in generale il saggetto propone una visione allargata del campo letterario fino al punto di suggerire che si pratica più letteratura di quando si pratichi la non letteratura.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/41558196" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2b08f7687b0e812e9542b6d4ec963b65" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":61716426,"asset_id":41558196,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61716426/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0Nzk4OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="981058" href="https://pisa.academia.edu/stefanobrugnolo">stefano brugnolo</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="981058" type="text/json">{"id":981058,"first_name":"stefano","last_name":"brugnolo","domain_name":"pisa","page_name":"stefanobrugnolo","display_name":"stefano brugnolo","profile_url":"https://pisa.academia.edu/stefanobrugnolo?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/981058/484372/609861/s65_stefano.brugnolo.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_41558196 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="41558196"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 41558196, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_41558196", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=41558196]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_41558196").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_41558196").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="41558196"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">16</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="928" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Media_Studies">Media Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="928" type="text/json">{"id":928,"name":"Media Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Media_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2852" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Narrative">Narrative</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2852" type="text/json">{"id":2852,"name":"Narrative","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Narrative?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3891" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies">Orality-Literacy Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3891" type="text/json">{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7888" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Literary_Theory">Literary Theory</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="7888" type="text/json">{"id":7888,"name":"Literary Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Literary_Theory?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=41558196]'), work: {"id":41558196,"title":"Sui confini labili tra letteratura e non-letteratura (e su Facebook come fucina poetica)","created_at":"2020-01-08T04:24:50.777-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/41558196/Sui_confini_labili_tra_letteratura_e_non_letteratura_e_su_Facebook_come_fucina_poetica_?f_ri=3891","dom_id":"work_41558196","summary":"Il testo si interroga sulla nozione e sullo statuto del discorso letterario soprattutto in relazione alle nuove scritture che emergono sulla Rete. Più in generale il saggetto propone una visione allargata del campo letterario fino al punto di suggerire che si pratica più letteratura di quando si pratichi la non letteratura.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":61716426,"asset_id":41558196,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":981058,"first_name":"stefano","last_name":"brugnolo","domain_name":"pisa","page_name":"stefanobrugnolo","display_name":"stefano brugnolo","profile_url":"https://pisa.academia.edu/stefanobrugnolo?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/981058/484372/609861/s65_stefano.brugnolo.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":928,"name":"Media Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Media_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":2852,"name":"Narrative","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Narrative?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":7888,"name":"Literary Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Literary_Theory?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":13872,"name":"Facebook","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Facebook?f_ri=3891"},{"id":14831,"name":"Narrative and Identity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Narrative_and_Identity?f_ri=3891"},{"id":19445,"name":"Molière","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Moli%C3%A8re?f_ri=3891"},{"id":21548,"name":"Cognitive Neuroscience","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Neuroscience?f_ri=3891"},{"id":58119,"name":"Facebook Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Facebook_Studies?f_ri=3891"},{"id":106803,"name":"Letteratura","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Letteratura?f_ri=3891"},{"id":144245,"name":"Stephen Jay Gould","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stephen_Jay_Gould?f_ri=3891"},{"id":145885,"name":"Metafora","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Metafora?f_ri=3891"},{"id":160374,"name":"Teoria Della Letteratura","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Teoria_Della_Letteratura?f_ri=3891"},{"id":1313360,"name":"Witz and its meanings","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Witz_and_its_meanings?f_ri=3891"},{"id":3512205,"name":"Du Marsais","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Du_Marsais?f_ri=3891"},{"id":3512206,"name":"poetical mind","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/poetical_mind?f_ri=3891"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_8526526" data-work_id="8526526" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8526526/Joseph_Chetrit_Textual_orality_and_knowledge_of_illiterate_women_The_textual_performance_of_Jewish_women_in_Morocco_">Joseph Chetrit, "Textual orality and knowledge of illiterate women. The textual performance of Jewish women in Morocco."</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/8526526" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="eb9ccf72fc56f454f00d97d32711d6d4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":34904264,"asset_id":8526526,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/34904264/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0Nzk4OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="12648059" href="https://haifa.academia.edu/JosephChetrit">Joseph Chetrit</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="12648059" type="text/json">{"id":12648059,"first_name":"Joseph","last_name":"Chetrit","domain_name":"haifa","page_name":"JosephChetrit","display_name":"Joseph Chetrit","profile_url":"https://haifa.academia.edu/JosephChetrit?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/12648059/3619789/4245968/s65_joseph.chetrit.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_8526526 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="8526526"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 8526526, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_8526526", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_8526526 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 8526526; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_8526526"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_8526526 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="8526526"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 8526526; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=8526526]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_8526526").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_8526526").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="8526526"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3891" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies">Orality-Literacy Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3891" type="text/json">{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7540" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oral_Traditions">Oral Traditions</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="7540" type="text/json">{"id":7540,"name":"Oral Traditions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oral_Traditions?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=8526526]'), work: {"id":8526526,"title":"Joseph Chetrit, \"Textual orality and knowledge of illiterate women. The textual performance of Jewish women in Morocco.\"","created_at":"2014-09-27T22:27:34.321-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/8526526/Joseph_Chetrit_Textual_orality_and_knowledge_of_illiterate_women_The_textual_performance_of_Jewish_women_in_Morocco_?f_ri=3891","dom_id":"work_8526526","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":34904264,"asset_id":8526526,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":12648059,"first_name":"Joseph","last_name":"Chetrit","domain_name":"haifa","page_name":"JosephChetrit","display_name":"Joseph Chetrit","profile_url":"https://haifa.academia.edu/JosephChetrit?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/12648059/3619789/4245968/s65_joseph.chetrit.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":7540,"name":"Oral Traditions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oral_Traditions?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_35486272" data-work_id="35486272" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35486272/The_Creation_of_Basque_Oral_Poetry_by_Four_American_Bertsolaris">The Creation of Basque Oral Poetry by Four American Bertsolaris</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In this article I analyze Basque oral poetry, or bertsolaritza, by four poets who live in the United States. We start with a remarkable fact: all four bertsolaris come from the Spanish region of Navarre. They include Jesus “Jess” Goñi,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_35486272" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In this article I analyze Basque oral poetry, or bertsolaritza, by four poets who live in the<br />United States. We start with a remarkable fact: all four bertsolaris come from the Spanish region<br />of Navarre. They include Jesus “Jess” Goñi, born in Oronoz in 1947; Martin Goikoetxea, born in<br />Gorriti in 1948; Jesus “Jess” Arriada, born in Arizkun in 1935; and Johnny Kurutxet, born in San<br />Francisco in 1946 but raised in Esterenzubi and resident there until the age of 20. The overall<br />situation in the USA has been well described by the researcher Joxe Mallea in several<br />publications (2003, 2005). Within that context this paper specifically examines the production of<br />the American bertsolaris.1 The corpus I will use for this analysis consists of a selection of 237<br />bertsos composed by these four oral poets and recorded and transcribed in the USA.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/35486272" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="992088263963e09e38d571219f1ba228" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":55348953,"asset_id":35486272,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55348953/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0Nzk4OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="40016362" href="https://upv-ehu.academia.edu/AsierBarandiaran">Asier Barandiaran</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="40016362" type="text/json">{"id":40016362,"first_name":"Asier","last_name":"Barandiaran","domain_name":"upv-ehu","page_name":"AsierBarandiaran","display_name":"Asier Barandiaran","profile_url":"https://upv-ehu.academia.edu/AsierBarandiaran?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/40016362/14689762/61670308/s65_asier.barandiaran.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_35486272 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="35486272"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 35486272, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_35486272", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_35486272 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35486272; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_35486272"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_35486272 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="35486272"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35486272; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35486272]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_35486272").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_35486272").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="35486272"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3891" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies">Orality-Literacy Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3891" type="text/json">{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="26805" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality">Orality</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="26805" type="text/json">{"id":26805,"name":"Orality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="665868" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/ORALIDAD_Y_ESCRITURA">ORALIDAD Y ESCRITURA</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="665868" type="text/json">{"id":665868,"name":"ORALIDAD Y ESCRITURA","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/ORALIDAD_Y_ESCRITURA?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=35486272]'), work: {"id":35486272,"title":"The Creation of Basque Oral Poetry by Four American Bertsolaris","created_at":"2017-12-21T07:22:42.893-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/35486272/The_Creation_of_Basque_Oral_Poetry_by_Four_American_Bertsolaris?f_ri=3891","dom_id":"work_35486272","summary":"In this article I analyze Basque oral poetry, or bertsolaritza, by four poets who live in the\nUnited States. We start with a remarkable fact: all four bertsolaris come from the Spanish region\nof Navarre. They include Jesus “Jess” Goñi, born in Oronoz in 1947; Martin Goikoetxea, born in\nGorriti in 1948; Jesus “Jess” Arriada, born in Arizkun in 1935; and Johnny Kurutxet, born in San\nFrancisco in 1946 but raised in Esterenzubi and resident there until the age of 20. The overall\nsituation in the USA has been well described by the researcher Joxe Mallea in several\npublications (2003, 2005). Within that context this paper specifically examines the production of\nthe American bertsolaris.1 The corpus I will use for this analysis consists of a selection of 237\nbertsos composed by these four oral poets and recorded and transcribed in the USA.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":55348953,"asset_id":35486272,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":40016362,"first_name":"Asier","last_name":"Barandiaran","domain_name":"upv-ehu","page_name":"AsierBarandiaran","display_name":"Asier Barandiaran","profile_url":"https://upv-ehu.academia.edu/AsierBarandiaran?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/40016362/14689762/61670308/s65_asier.barandiaran.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":26805,"name":"Orality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":665868,"name":"ORALIDAD Y ESCRITURA","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/ORALIDAD_Y_ESCRITURA?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_25721814" data-work_id="25721814" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/25721814/_They_fought_lots_of_Zarma_but_I_won_t_be_telling_you_Reflexion_about_how_memory_works">« They fought lots of Zarma but I won’t be telling you… ». Reflexion about how memory works</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">I once was offered by a jasare — a genealogist and historian griot — to meet the descendants of a great warrior; he wanted to tell me the former’s story and glorious feats on Ghanaian soil. Both the jasare and I were astonished to find... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_25721814" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">I once was offered by a jasare — a genealogist and historian griot — to meet the descendants of a great warrior; he wanted to tell me the former’s story and glorious feats on Ghanaian soil. Both the jasare and I were astonished to find out that the men of that lineage didn’t know this ancestor, no matter how famous he was. Only those who had moved to Ghana had heard his name and knew he came from their actual village.<br />Both my survey of the jasare in the songhay-zarma region of Niger and that peculiar case where transmission of memory seems lacking, have led me to be deeply concerned about the issue of memory ; therefore, I wish to develop four different aspects ; though, what is at stakes here goes far beyond Zarma society.  <br />1) What kind of learning process do the jasare(s) provide for? I shall first describe the memory process of recalling ancestors and narratives, starting from my own learning and jasare metadiscourse. Then I shall deal with the role and experiences of the jasare. Finally, I will link these practices and representations to research in the field of psychology and cognitive anthropology on « semantic memory » and « autobiographical memory ».<br />2) Putting in perspective this learning process, situated speaking (enunciation) shows how central the genealogical list is. If it forms a mnemonic basis for the jasare, its role is especially to spot a person out of the crowd, vouching him with historic importance by admitting him into a lineage, but above all into History. How then, shall omissions be considered? Either circumstantial or systematic, unwilling or deliberate, they are definitely meaningful; and when noticed, they are construed. Nevertheless, only the jasare’s metadiscourse lets us know. Is it the jasare’s agency that has to be understood here? <br />3) What does it mean for a dominating social group, as M. Bloch (1995) puts it, « to delegate its historic memory of the past » and its public enunciation to an inferior social group such as the jasare, considering the former cannot claim to power?<br />4) According to M. Maurice Halbwachs (1925) memorization occurs in social environments. But when a society is changing, its environment does the same ; and what was considered essential to remember has become meaningless and can create conflict ; similarly to what is happening to the jasare whose presence during the ceremonies is disputed. Thus, how shall we as anthropologists question these changes ? <br /><br /> Brief note on the contributor<br />Anthropolinguiste, Sandra Bornand est actuellement chargée de recherche au CNRS et membre du Llacan (UMR 8135). Docteur ès Lettres à l’Université de Lausanne (2002), ses recherches sont consacrées à l’anthropologie linguistique, la littérature orale et à l’anthropologie sociale des sociétés songhay-zarma. Elle est membre du comité éditorial de la revue  des Cahiers de Littérature Orale et des Classiques Africains, édition d’ouvrages bilingues. Auteur de nombreux articles, elle a également publié Le discours du griot généalogiste chez les Zarma du Niger (Karthala, 2005), Parlons zarma (L’Harmattan, 2006) et Anthropologie des pratiques langagières (avec Cécile Leguy, Colin, 2014) et dirigé plusieurs ouvrages collectifs dont Pratiques d’enquêtes (avec Brunhilde Biebuyck et Cécile Leguy, Cahiers de Littérature Orale, n°63/64, 2008), Autour de la performance (avec Ursula Baumgardt, Cahiers de Littérature Orale n°65, 2009) et D’un rythme à l’autre (avec Maria Manca, Cahiers de Littérature Orale n°73-74, 2013).  <br />Anthropolinguist, Sandra Bornand is currently researcher (CNRS, LLacan, UMR 8135). Doctor ès Lettres from the University of Lausanne (20029, her research is devoted to linguistic anthropology, oral literature and social anthropology of the songhay-zarma societies. She is a member of the editorial board of the Journal Cahiers de Littérature Orale et and Classiques Africains, an edition of bilingual books. Author of numerous papers, she notably published Le discours du griot généalogiste chez les Zarma du Niger (Karthala, 2005), Parlons zarma (L’Harmattan, 2006) and Anthropologie des pratiques langagières (with Cécile Leguy, Colin, 2014). She directed many collective works as Pratiques d’enquêtes (with Brunhilde Biebuyck and Cécile Leguy, Cahiers de Littérature Orale n°63-64, 2008), Autour de la performance (with Ursula Baumgardt, Cahiers de Littérature Orale n°65, 2009) or D’un rythme à l’autre (with Maria Manca, Cahiers de Littérature Orale n°73-74, 2013).</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/25721814" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="74ed1acb3a14a8538f09f99a53ca9825" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":46070175,"asset_id":25721814,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/46070175/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0Nzk4OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1452777" href="https://cnrs.academia.edu/SandraBornand">Sandra Bornand</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1452777" type="text/json">{"id":1452777,"first_name":"Sandra","last_name":"Bornand","domain_name":"cnrs","page_name":"SandraBornand","display_name":"Sandra Bornand","profile_url":"https://cnrs.academia.edu/SandraBornand?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1452777/852177/1061214/s65_sandra.bornand.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_25721814 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="25721814"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 25721814, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_25721814", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=25721814]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_25721814").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_25721814").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="25721814"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">16</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="254" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Emotion">Emotion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="254" type="text/json">{"id":254,"name":"Emotion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Emotion?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="379" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_Studies">African Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="379" type="text/json">{"id":379,"name":"African Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="767" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology">Anthropology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="767" type="text/json">{"id":767,"name":"Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1595" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Memory_Cognitive_Psychology_">Memory (Cognitive Psychology)</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1595" type="text/json">{"id":1595,"name":"Memory (Cognitive Psychology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Memory_Cognitive_Psychology_?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=25721814]'), work: {"id":25721814,"title":"« They fought lots of Zarma but I won’t be telling you… ». Reflexion about how memory works","created_at":"2016-05-30T06:42:09.760-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/25721814/_They_fought_lots_of_Zarma_but_I_won_t_be_telling_you_Reflexion_about_how_memory_works?f_ri=3891","dom_id":"work_25721814","summary":"I once was offered by a jasare — a genealogist and historian griot — to meet the descendants of a great warrior; he wanted to tell me the former’s story and glorious feats on Ghanaian soil. Both the jasare and I were astonished to find out that the men of that lineage didn’t know this ancestor, no matter how famous he was. Only those who had moved to Ghana had heard his name and knew he came from their actual village.\nBoth my survey of the jasare in the songhay-zarma region of Niger and that peculiar case where transmission of memory seems lacking, have led me to be deeply concerned about the issue of memory ; therefore, I wish to develop four different aspects ; though, what is at stakes here goes far beyond Zarma society. \n1)\tWhat kind of learning process do the jasare(s) provide for? I shall first describe the memory process of recalling ancestors and narratives, starting from my own learning and jasare metadiscourse. Then I shall deal with the role and experiences of the jasare. Finally, I will link these practices and representations to research in the field of psychology and cognitive anthropology on « semantic memory » and « autobiographical memory ».\n2)\tPutting in perspective this learning process, situated speaking (enunciation) shows how central the genealogical list is. If it forms a mnemonic basis for the jasare, its role is especially to spot a person out of the crowd, vouching him with historic importance by admitting him into a lineage, but above all into History. How then, shall omissions be considered? Either circumstantial or systematic, unwilling or deliberate, they are definitely meaningful; and when noticed, they are construed. Nevertheless, only the jasare’s metadiscourse lets us know. Is it the jasare’s agency that has to be understood here? \n3)\tWhat does it mean for a dominating social group, as M. Bloch (1995) puts it, « to delegate its historic memory of the past » and its public enunciation to an inferior social group such as the jasare, considering the former cannot claim to power?\n4)\tAccording to M. Maurice Halbwachs (1925) memorization occurs in social environments. But when a society is changing, its environment does the same ; and what was considered essential to remember has become meaningless and can create conflict ; similarly to what is happening to the jasare whose presence during the ceremonies is disputed. Thus, how shall we as anthropologists question these changes ? \n\n Brief note on the contributor\nAnthropolinguiste, Sandra Bornand est actuellement chargée de recherche au CNRS et membre du Llacan (UMR 8135). Docteur ès Lettres à l’Université de Lausanne (2002), ses recherches sont consacrées à l’anthropologie linguistique, la littérature orale et à l’anthropologie sociale des sociétés songhay-zarma. Elle est membre du comité éditorial de la revue des Cahiers de Littérature Orale et des Classiques Africains, édition d’ouvrages bilingues. Auteur de nombreux articles, elle a également publié Le discours du griot généalogiste chez les Zarma du Niger (Karthala, 2005), Parlons zarma (L’Harmattan, 2006) et Anthropologie des pratiques langagières (avec Cécile Leguy, Colin, 2014) et dirigé plusieurs ouvrages collectifs dont Pratiques d’enquêtes (avec Brunhilde Biebuyck et Cécile Leguy, Cahiers de Littérature Orale, n°63/64, 2008), Autour de la performance (avec Ursula Baumgardt, Cahiers de Littérature Orale n°65, 2009) et D’un rythme à l’autre (avec Maria Manca, Cahiers de Littérature Orale n°73-74, 2013). \nAnthropolinguist, Sandra Bornand is currently researcher (CNRS, LLacan, UMR 8135). Doctor ès Lettres from the University of Lausanne (20029, her research is devoted to linguistic anthropology, oral literature and social anthropology of the songhay-zarma societies. She is a member of the editorial board of the Journal Cahiers de Littérature Orale et and Classiques Africains, an edition of bilingual books. Author of numerous papers, she notably published Le discours du griot généalogiste chez les Zarma du Niger (Karthala, 2005), Parlons zarma (L’Harmattan, 2006) and Anthropologie des pratiques langagières (with Cécile Leguy, Colin, 2014). She directed many collective works as Pratiques d’enquêtes (with Brunhilde Biebuyck and Cécile Leguy, Cahiers de Littérature Orale n°63-64, 2008), Autour de la performance (with Ursula Baumgardt, Cahiers de Littérature Orale n°65, 2009) or D’un rythme à l’autre (with Maria Manca, Cahiers de Littérature Orale n°73-74, 2013).\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":46070175,"asset_id":25721814,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1452777,"first_name":"Sandra","last_name":"Bornand","domain_name":"cnrs","page_name":"SandraBornand","display_name":"Sandra Bornand","profile_url":"https://cnrs.academia.edu/SandraBornand?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1452777/852177/1061214/s65_sandra.bornand.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":254,"name":"Emotion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Emotion?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":379,"name":"African Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":767,"name":"Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":1595,"name":"Memory (Cognitive Psychology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Memory_Cognitive_Psychology_?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":2718,"name":"Linguistic Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistic_Anthropology?f_ri=3891"},{"id":3499,"name":"Social and Cultural Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_and_Cultural_Anthropology?f_ri=3891"},{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891"},{"id":7540,"name":"Oral Traditions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oral_Traditions?f_ri=3891"},{"id":11452,"name":"Memory Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Memory_Studies?f_ri=3891"},{"id":11459,"name":"Anthropology of Memory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology_of_Memory?f_ri=3891"},{"id":13950,"name":"Collective Memory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collective_Memory?f_ri=3891"},{"id":15990,"name":"Anthropology of emotions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Anthropology_of_emotions?f_ri=3891"},{"id":62430,"name":"Oral literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oral_literature?f_ri=3891"},{"id":226745,"name":"Zarma","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zarma?f_ri=3891"},{"id":527408,"name":"Griots","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Griots?f_ri=3891"},{"id":1281136,"name":"Griotism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Griotism?f_ri=3891"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card 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work: {"id":1117635,"title":"Omyly Waltera Onga ve světle indické orality","created_at":"2011-11-26T17:56:07.585-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/1117635/Omyly_Waltera_Onga_ve_sv%C4%9Btle_indick%C3%A9_orality?f_ri=3891","dom_id":"work_1117635","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":41292812,"asset_id":1117635,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":983681,"first_name":"Lubomír","last_name":"Ondračka","domain_name":"oxford","page_name":"LubomirOndracka","display_name":"Lubomír Ondračka","profile_url":"https://oxford.academia.edu/LubomirOndracka?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/983681/354924/425580/s65_lubom_r.ondra_ka.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":5076,"name":"Sanskrit language and literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sanskrit_language_and_literature?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":24609,"name":"Walter Ong","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Walter_Ong?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":317790,"name":"Indian Orality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indian_Orality?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_8848651" data-work_id="8848651" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8848651/_Oceania_s_Totalitarian_Technology_Writing_in_Nineteen_Eighty_Four_Criticism_59_3_Summer_2017_375_393">“Oceania’s Totalitarian Technology: Writing in Nineteen Eighty-Four”. Criticism 59:3 Summer 2017: 375-393.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This essay brings together George Orwell’s great novel and a theory of writing as humankind’s master-technology. I approach writing through a non-poststructuralist (and so, an uncommon) lens, as it has come down from the works of, for... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_8848651" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This essay brings together George Orwell’s great novel and a theory of writing as humankind’s master-technology. I approach writing through a non-poststructuralist (and so, an uncommon) lens, as it has come down from the works of, for instance, Walter Ong and Jack Goody. On this theoretical foundation I build an argument for writing, in its technological sense, as the true dystopian technology of Oceania. I show how the underlying conflict in Orwell’s novel is a dystopian version of the ancient conflict between orality and the disembodiment of speech in writing. In the end it is only when speech has been entirely replaced by writing that the totalitarian state prevails absolutely. It turns out that, not the most modern, but the most ancient technology presents the ultimate threat to humankind</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/8848651" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="09e81888e98a787a18c8973bef4454c3" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":56599087,"asset_id":8848651,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/56599087/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0Nzk4OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="26916" href="https://uncc.academia.edu/tonyjackson">Tony E Jackson</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="26916" type="text/json">{"id":26916,"first_name":"Tony","last_name":"Jackson","domain_name":"uncc","page_name":"tonyjackson","display_name":"Tony E Jackson","profile_url":"https://uncc.academia.edu/tonyjackson?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/26916/8784/10976401/s65_tony.jackson.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_8848651 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="8848651"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 8848651, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_8848651", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_8848651 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 8848651; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_8848651"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_8848651 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="8848651"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 8848651; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=8848651]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_8848651").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_8848651").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="8848651"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3891" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies">Orality-Literacy Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3891" type="text/json">{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="626955" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/1984_George_Orwell">1984 George Orwell</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="626955" type="text/json">{"id":626955,"name":"1984 George Orwell","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/1984_George_Orwell?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=8848651]'), work: {"id":8848651,"title":"“Oceania’s Totalitarian Technology: Writing in Nineteen Eighty-Four”. 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The writer Walter J. Ong (1912-2003) was a professor in Emeritus at Saint... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_8299584" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The book Orlaity and Literacy is celebrating its 30th anniversary since first release, all these years it has become a text book and guide for the missionaries. The writer Walter J. Ong (1912-2003) was a professor in Emeritus at Saint Louis University (I) had a fascinating insight into this subject. World has most sophisticated equipment’s and other electronics at the same time still there are some places that they don’t have a alphabets to articulate their own language.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/8299584" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7c8d7cbb2f0f21da21689f8c7711a67d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":34709727,"asset_id":8299584,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/34709727/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0Nzk4OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="10394992" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SRIA1">SRI A</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="10394992" type="text/json">{"id":10394992,"first_name":"SRI","last_name":"A","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SRIA1","display_name":"SRI A","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SRIA1?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10394992/18607198/18596635/s65_sri.a.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_8299584 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="8299584"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 8299584, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_8299584", }); 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Ong</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="643158" type="text/json">{"id":643158,"name":"Walter J. Ong","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Walter_J._Ong?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=8299584]'), work: {"id":8299584,"title":"Book Review: Orlaity and Literacy","created_at":"2014-09-12T03:03:32.273-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/8299584/Book_Review_Orlaity_and_Literacy?f_ri=3891","dom_id":"work_8299584","summary":"The book Orlaity and Literacy is celebrating its 30th anniversary since first release, all these years it has become a text book and guide for the missionaries. The writer Walter J. Ong (1912-2003) was a professor in Emeritus at Saint Louis University (I) had a fascinating insight into this subject. World has most sophisticated equipment’s and other electronics at the same time still there are some places that they don’t have a alphabets to articulate their own language. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":34709727,"asset_id":8299584,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":10394992,"first_name":"SRI","last_name":"A","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SRIA1","display_name":"SRI A","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SRIA1?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10394992/18607198/18596635/s65_sri.a.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":43164,"name":"Liberty University Papers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Liberty_University_Papers?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":48523,"name":"Book Reviews","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Book_Reviews?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":643158,"name":"Walter J. Ong","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Walter_J._Ong?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":1530110,"name":"Liberty Baptist Theological Seminary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Liberty_Baptist_Theological_Seminary?f_ri=3891"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_38457105" data-work_id="38457105" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38457105/Waking_Our_Animal_Senses_David_Abram_1997_pdf">Waking Our Animal Senses - David Abram (1997).pdf</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm 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And Folklore","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mythology_And_Folklore?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="864" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Philosophy">Environmental Philosophy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="864" type="text/json">{"id":864,"name":"Environmental Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Philosophy?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="867" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Perception">Perception</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="867" type="text/json">{"id":867,"name":"Perception","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Perception?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3891" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies">Orality-Literacy Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3891" 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Abram","profile_url":"https://harvard.academia.edu/DavidAbram?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10822008/22112333/21349495/s65_david.abram.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":123,"name":"Mythology And Folklore","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mythology_And_Folklore?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":864,"name":"Environmental Philosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Philosophy?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":867,"name":"Perception","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Perception?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":6492,"name":"Storytelling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Storytelling?f_ri=3891"},{"id":17920,"name":"Social Constructionism/ 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Nature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phenomenology_of_Nature?f_ri=3891"},{"id":119729,"name":"Geophilosophy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geophilosophy?f_ri=3891"},{"id":208657,"name":"Perception and language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Perception_and_language?f_ri=3891"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_43638241" data-work_id="43638241" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43638241/El_Sombrer%C3%B3n_en_la_tradici%C3%B3n_oral_de_Chiapas_Sombreron_in_the_oral_tradition_of_Chiapas">El Sombrerón en la tradición oral de Chiapas / Sombreron in the oral tradition of Chiapas</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">With this work we have proposed to contribute to the literary heritage of oral tradition already recorded of the Mexican peoples and cultures of today with the publication of several stories and unpublished interviews conducted in 2019 in... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_43638241" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">With this work we have proposed to contribute to the literary heritage of oral tradition already recorded of the Mexican peoples and cultures of today with the publication of several stories and unpublished interviews conducted in 2019 in the region of the Altos de Chiapas around a character known as Sombrerón. The informants are speakers of the Tsotsil and Tzeltal languages (both from the Mayan family), in addition to Spanish. We have tried to limit as much as possible our margin of interpretation and to stick to the conclusions that can be drawn from the words of the narrators, as well as to respect as much as possible their mode of enunciation. We will introduce an ambivalent character who fulfils different functions that we could describe as "positive", such as being a protector of the mountain or a guardian of the seeds, but who can also pose enormous dangers for those who approach him. Our objective was to analyze the literary and cosmological imaginary that exists in different Chiapas cultural groups around the same figure of the oral tradition that goes beyond the limits of this region to highlight the permeable and itinerant potential of the oral tradition.<br /><br />Con este trabajo nos hemos propuesto contribuir al acervo literario de tradición oral ya registrado de los pueblos y culturas mexicanas de la actualidad con la publicación de varios relatos y entrevistas inéditas realizadas en 2019 en la región de los Altos de Chiapas en torno a un personaje conocido como Sombrerón. Los informantes son hablantes de las lenguas tsotsil y tzeltal (ambas de la familia maya), además del castellano. Hemos intentado limitar todo lo posible nuestro margen de interpretación y ceñirnos a las conclusiones que puedan extraerse de las palabras de los narradores, así como respetar lo máximo posible su modo de enunciación. Daremos a conocer un personaje ambivalente que cumple diferentes funciones que podríamos calificar de «positivas», como ser protector del monte o guardián de las semillas, pero que también puede suponer enormes peligros para quien se acerca a él. Nuestro objetivo consistió en analizar el imaginario literario y cosmológico que existe en diferentes grupos culturales chiapanecos en torno a una misma figura de la tradición oral que sobrepasa los límites de esta región para poner de relieve la potencialidad permeable e itinerante de la tradición oral.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/43638241" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9c12453d9d080bc280b455c438527110" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":63938911,"asset_id":43638241,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63938911/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0Nzk4OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="36015981" href="https://nebrija.academia.edu/Mar%C3%ADaCruzLaChica">María-Cruz La Chica</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="36015981" type="text/json">{"id":36015981,"first_name":"María-Cruz","last_name":"La Chica","domain_name":"nebrija","page_name":"MaríaCruzLaChica","display_name":"María-Cruz La Chica","profile_url":"https://nebrija.academia.edu/Mar%C3%ADaCruzLaChica?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/36015981/10400822/136326036/s65_mar_a-cruz.la_chica.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_43638241 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="43638241"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 43638241, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_43638241", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=43638241]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_43638241").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_43638241").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="43638241"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">15</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="123" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mythology_And_Folklore">Mythology And Folklore</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="123" type="text/json">{"id":123,"name":"Mythology And Folklore","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mythology_And_Folklore?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="926" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indigenous_Studies">Indigenous Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="926" type="text/json">{"id":926,"name":"Indigenous Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Indigenous_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3891" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies">Orality-Literacy Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3891" type="text/json">{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7540" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oral_Traditions">Oral Traditions</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="7540" type="text/json">{"id":7540,"name":"Oral Traditions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oral_Traditions?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=43638241]'), work: {"id":43638241,"title":"El Sombrerón en la tradición oral de Chiapas / Sombreron in the oral tradition of Chiapas","created_at":"2020-07-16T07:29:50.180-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/43638241/El_Sombrer%C3%B3n_en_la_tradici%C3%B3n_oral_de_Chiapas_Sombreron_in_the_oral_tradition_of_Chiapas?f_ri=3891","dom_id":"work_43638241","summary":"With this work we have proposed to contribute to the literary heritage of oral tradition already recorded of the Mexican peoples and cultures of today with the publication of several stories and unpublished interviews conducted in 2019 in the region of the Altos de Chiapas around a character known as Sombrerón. The informants are speakers of the Tsotsil and Tzeltal languages (both from the Mayan family), in addition to Spanish. We have tried to limit as much as possible our margin of interpretation and to stick to the conclusions that can be drawn from the words of the narrators, as well as to respect as much as possible their mode of enunciation. We will introduce an ambivalent character who fulfils different functions that we could describe as \"positive\", such as being a protector of the mountain or a guardian of the seeds, but who can also pose enormous dangers for those who approach him. Our objective was to analyze the literary and cosmological imaginary that exists in different Chiapas cultural groups around the same figure of the oral tradition that goes beyond the limits of this region to highlight the permeable and itinerant potential of the oral tradition.\n\nCon este trabajo nos hemos propuesto contribuir al acervo literario de tradición oral ya registrado de los pueblos y culturas mexicanas de la actualidad con la publicación de varios relatos y entrevistas inéditas realizadas en 2019 en la región de los Altos de Chiapas en torno a un personaje conocido como Sombrerón. Los informantes son hablantes de las lenguas tsotsil y tzeltal (ambas de la familia maya), además del castellano. Hemos intentado limitar todo lo posible nuestro margen de interpretación y ceñirnos a las conclusiones que puedan extraerse de las palabras de los narradores, así como respetar lo máximo posible su modo de enunciación. Daremos a conocer un personaje ambivalente que cumple diferentes funciones que podríamos calificar de «positivas», como ser protector del monte o guardián de las semillas, pero que también puede suponer enormes peligros para quien se acerca a él. Nuestro objetivo consistió en analizar el imaginario literario y cosmológico que existe en diferentes grupos culturales chiapanecos en torno a una misma figura de la tradición oral que sobrepasa los límites de esta región para poner de relieve la potencialidad permeable e itinerante de la tradición oral. 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Language","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contemporary_Mayan_Literature_and_Language?f_ri=3891"},{"id":646962,"name":"Literatura De Tradición Oral Y Popular","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Literatura_De_Tradicion_Oral_Y_Popular?f_ri=3891"},{"id":1347877,"name":"Literatura Tradicional Oral","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Literatura_Tradicional_Oral?f_ri=3891"},{"id":2410930,"name":"Sombrerón","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sombrer%C3%B3n?f_ri=3891"},{"id":2839248,"name":"Los Altos de Chiapas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Los_Altos_de_Chiapas?f_ri=3891"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_32909477" data-work_id="32909477" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/32909477/Espace_public_F%C3%A9minin_masculin_pdf">Espace public.Féminin-masculin.pdf</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">En hommage aux femmes déguisées en hommes pour accéder à la parole sur la place publique, sur les lieux où les « halqa» sont l’unique apanage des hommes En hommage, aussi, aux hommes déguisés en femmes pour remplacer les femmes... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_32909477" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">En hommage aux femmes déguisées en hommes pour accéder à la parole sur la place publique, sur les lieux  où les « halqa» sont l’unique  apanage des hommes<br />En hommage, aussi, aux hommes déguisés en femmes pour remplacer les femmes absentes(ifiées) de l’espace publique des « halqa »<br />FATIMA- ZAHRA SALIH</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/32909477" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ed5188431fe530535d8ef5c151dcb673" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":53046669,"asset_id":32909477,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53046669/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0Nzk4OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa 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class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2206" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genre_studies">Genre studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2206" type="text/json">{"id":2206,"name":"Genre studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genre_studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3891" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies">Orality-Literacy Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3891" type="text/json">{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4041" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy-Electracy_Studies">Orality-Literacy-Electracy Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4041" type="text/json">{"id":4041,"name":"Orality-Literacy-Electracy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy-Electracy_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6492" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Storytelling">Storytelling</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="6492" type="text/json">{"id":6492,"name":"Storytelling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Storytelling?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=32909477]'), work: {"id":32909477,"title":"Espace public.Féminin-masculin.pdf","created_at":"2017-05-08T11:11:07.236-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/32909477/Espace_public_F%C3%A9minin_masculin_pdf?f_ri=3891","dom_id":"work_32909477","summary":"En hommage aux femmes déguisées en hommes pour accéder à la parole sur la place publique, sur les lieux où les « halqa» sont l’unique apanage des hommes\nEn hommage, aussi, aux hommes déguisés en femmes pour remplacer les femmes absentes(ifiées) de l’espace publique des « halqa »\nFATIMA- ZAHRA SALIH\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53046669,"asset_id":32909477,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":7679146,"first_name":"Fatima Zahra","last_name":"SALIH","domain_name":"flshbm","page_name":"FatimaZahraSalih","display_name":"Fatima Zahra SALIH","profile_url":"https://flshbm.academia.edu/FatimaZahraSalih?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/7679146/3076424/31140471/s65_fatima_zahra.salih.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2206,"name":"Genre studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genre_studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":4041,"name":"Orality-Literacy-Electracy 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Privé","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Espace_Public_VS_Prive?f_ri=3891"},{"id":1593449,"name":"Monument Espace Public","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Monument_Espace_Public?f_ri=3891"},{"id":1937591,"name":"Halqa","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Halqa?f_ri=3891"},{"id":2697454,"name":"conteur ","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/conteur?f_ri=3891"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_43007937" data-work_id="43007937" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43007937/Appunti_per_una_storia_dell_imperfezione_di_Omero_Notes_on_the_history_of_Homers_imperfection">Appunti per una storia dell'"imperfezione" di Omero - Notes on the history of Homer's imperfection</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This paper sketches out a history of ancient and modern discussions on the aesthetic “imperfection” of the Iliad and the Odyssey. The views of, among others, Horace, Pseudo-Longinus, F.A. Wolf, F.W. Nietzsche will be examined, as well as... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_43007937" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This paper sketches out a history of ancient and modern discussions on the aesthetic “imperfection” of the Iliad and the Odyssey. The views of, among others, Horace, Pseudo-Longinus, F.A. Wolf, F.W. Nietzsche will be examined, as well as more recent evaluations of the Homeric poems. A passing comment by U. Eco will also inspire some reflections</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/43007937" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7bd84fab76fcc316b887f449f3c167c6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":65905630,"asset_id":43007937,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65905630/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0Nzk4OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3814105" href="https://uniroma1.academia.edu/GiuseppeLentini">Giuseppe Lentini</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3814105" type="text/json">{"id":3814105,"first_name":"Giuseppe","last_name":"Lentini","domain_name":"uniroma1","page_name":"GiuseppeLentini","display_name":"Giuseppe Lentini","profile_url":"https://uniroma1.academia.edu/GiuseppeLentini?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3814105/1389552/33006002/s65_giuseppe.lentini.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_43007937 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="43007937"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 43007937, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_43007937", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=43007937]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_43007937").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_43007937").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="43007937"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">10</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="816" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classics">Classics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="816" type="text/json">{"id":816,"name":"Classics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classics?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="832" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Homer">Homer</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="832" type="text/json">{"id":832,"name":"Homer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Homer?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3891" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies">Orality-Literacy Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3891" type="text/json">{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8143" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Aesthetics">Ancient Aesthetics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="8143" type="text/json">{"id":8143,"name":"Ancient Aesthetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Aesthetics?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=43007937]'), work: {"id":43007937,"title":"Appunti per una storia dell'\"imperfezione\" di Omero - Notes on the history of Homer's imperfection","created_at":"2020-05-11T06:22:08.479-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/43007937/Appunti_per_una_storia_dell_imperfezione_di_Omero_Notes_on_the_history_of_Homers_imperfection?f_ri=3891","dom_id":"work_43007937","summary":"This paper sketches out a history of ancient and modern discussions on the aesthetic “imperfection” of the Iliad and the Odyssey. 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Eco will also inspire some reflections","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":65905630,"asset_id":43007937,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3814105,"first_name":"Giuseppe","last_name":"Lentini","domain_name":"uniroma1","page_name":"GiuseppeLentini","display_name":"Giuseppe Lentini","profile_url":"https://uniroma1.academia.edu/GiuseppeLentini?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3814105/1389552/33006002/s65_giuseppe.lentini.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":816,"name":"Classics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Classics?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":832,"name":"Homer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Homer?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":8143,"name":"Ancient Aesthetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ancient_Aesthetics?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":8303,"name":"Friedrich Nietzsche","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Friedrich_Nietzsche?f_ri=3891"},{"id":16930,"name":"History of Classical Scholarship","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Classical_Scholarship?f_ri=3891"},{"id":31563,"name":"Homeric poetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Homeric_poetry?f_ri=3891"},{"id":111681,"name":"Greek Literature Ancient Aesthetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Greek_Literature_Ancient_Aesthetics?f_ri=3891"},{"id":298549,"name":"Homeric studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Homeric_studies?f_ri=3891"},{"id":321410,"name":"Homeric Reception","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Homeric_Reception?f_ri=3891"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_10361940" data-work_id="10361940" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10361940/WP149_Street_2015_Meanings_of_culture_in_development_A_case_study_from_literacy">WP149 Street 2015. Meanings of culture in development: A case study from literacy</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">This paper is a lucid exposition of Brian Street's approach to culture, literacy and development.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/10361940" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b1b9f27b592409579db940f0aec38999" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":36428563,"asset_id":10361940,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36428563/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0Nzk4OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="9356477" href="https://kcl.academia.edu/WorkingPapersinUrbanLanguageLiteracies">Working Papers in Urban Language and Literacies</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="9356477" type="text/json">{"id":9356477,"first_name":"Working Papers in","last_name":"Urban Language and Literacies","domain_name":"kcl","page_name":"WorkingPapersinUrbanLanguageLiteracies","display_name":"Working Papers in Urban Language and Literacies","profile_url":"https://kcl.academia.edu/WorkingPapersinUrbanLanguageLiteracies?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/9356477/3012765/3538770/s65_working_papers_in.urban_language_and_literacies.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_10361940 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="10361940"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 10361940, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_10361940", }); 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Nor should the attribution of the invention of letters to Mercury... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_630396" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In this article it is argued that Odin's discovery of the runes when hanging on the tree, as related in the Icelandic Hávamál, is not an indigenous attribute of that god. Nor should the attribution of the invention of letters to Mercury in the Old English  Prose Solomon and Saturn be linked to the Hávamál, as is generally done. Instead I demonstrate that Odin's invention is an adaptation of Roman Classical mythology in which the invention of letters is ascribed to Mercury. The Romans in their turn borrowed this myth from the Greeks, with Hermes Trismagistos playing that role, while the Greeks and borrowed it from the Egyptians, equating their god Thoth with Hermes.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/630396" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ff2b627c6e908e439293c1947658e418" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":41302518,"asset_id":630396,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/41302518/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0Nzk4OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="454939" href="https://leidenuniv.academia.edu/RolfBremmer">Rolf H . 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href="https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.418818" rel="nofollow">https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.418818</a> link to full text of PhD thesis on British Library EthOS</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/43398236" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="969d51ce88b5eecfe639906f9eb09cc4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":63695182,"asset_id":43398236,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen 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type="text/json">{"id":2936,"name":"Didactics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Didactics?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3891" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies">Orality-Literacy Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3891" type="text/json">{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="50471" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Didactique_Du_Francais">Didactique Du Français</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="50471" type="text/json">{"id":50471,"name":"Didactique Du Français","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Didactique_Du_Francais?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=33246016]'), 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data-has-card-for-ri="128" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History">History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="128" type="text/json">{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2015" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_East_Studies">Middle East Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2015" type="text/json">{"id":2015,"name":"Middle East Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_East_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3891" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies">Orality-Literacy Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3891" type="text/json">{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6337" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oral_history">Oral history</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="6337" type="text/json">{"id":6337,"name":"Oral history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oral_history?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=14491305]'), work: {"id":14491305,"title":"“Tribes and the Print Trade: Notes from the Margins of Literate Culture in Jordan,” American Anthropologist 98:26-42","created_at":"2015-07-29T10:38:50.877-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/14491305/_Tribes_and_the_Print_Trade_Notes_from_the_Margins_of_Literate_Culture_in_Jordan_American_Anthropologist_98_26_42?f_ri=3891","dom_id":"work_14491305","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":38327509,"asset_id":14491305,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":33414691,"first_name":"Andrew","last_name":"Shryock","domain_name":"umich","page_name":"AndrewShryock","display_name":"Andrew Shryock","profile_url":"https://umich.academia.edu/AndrewShryock?f_ri=3891","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":2015,"name":"Middle East Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_East_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":6337,"name":"Oral history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oral_history?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":7540,"name":"Oral Traditions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oral_Traditions?f_ri=3891"},{"id":15392,"name":"Jordan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Jordan?f_ri=3891"},{"id":50861,"name":"Tribalism in the Modern Middle East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tribalism_in_the_Modern_Middle_East?f_ri=3891"},{"id":243439,"name":"Bedouin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bedouin?f_ri=3891"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_9388468" data-work_id="9388468" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9388468/Narrating_Epics_in_Iran_with_Teresa_P_Omidsalar_">Narrating Epics in Iran (with Teresa P. Omidsalar)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">This is an overview of the Iranian oral epic tradition from pre-Islamic times to the present.  It questions the application of the oral-formulaic theory and the tradition of extemporaneous versification to Persian epic narratives.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/9388468" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ce18e2e456c3bed32ec72fa74a9c7242" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":35638057,"asset_id":9388468,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/35638057/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0Nzk4OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="11766967" href="https://uci.academia.edu/MahmoudOmidsalar">Mahmoud Omidsalar</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="11766967" type="text/json">{"id":11766967,"first_name":"Mahmoud","last_name":"Omidsalar","domain_name":"uci","page_name":"MahmoudOmidsalar","display_name":"Mahmoud Omidsalar","profile_url":"https://uci.academia.edu/MahmoudOmidsalar?f_ri=3891","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_9388468 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="9388468"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 9388468, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_9388468", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=9388468]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_9388468").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_9388468").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="9388468"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="787" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folklore">Folklore</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="787" type="text/json">{"id":787,"name":"Folklore","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folklore?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1269" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Persian_Literature">Persian Literature</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1269" type="text/json">{"id":1269,"name":"Persian Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Persian_Literature?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3891" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies">Orality-Literacy Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3891" type="text/json">{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7540" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oral_Traditions">Oral Traditions</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="7540" type="text/json">{"id":7540,"name":"Oral Traditions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oral_Traditions?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=9388468]'), work: {"id":9388468,"title":"Narrating Epics in Iran (with Teresa P. Omidsalar)","created_at":"2014-11-18T23:54:38.445-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/9388468/Narrating_Epics_in_Iran_with_Teresa_P_Omidsalar_?f_ri=3891","dom_id":"work_9388468","summary":"This is an overview of the Iranian oral epic tradition from pre-Islamic times to the present. It questions the application of the oral-formulaic theory and the tradition of extemporaneous versification to Persian epic narratives.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":35638057,"asset_id":9388468,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":11766967,"first_name":"Mahmoud","last_name":"Omidsalar","domain_name":"uci","page_name":"MahmoudOmidsalar","display_name":"Mahmoud Omidsalar","profile_url":"https://uci.academia.edu/MahmoudOmidsalar?f_ri=3891","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":787,"name":"Folklore","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Folklore?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":1269,"name":"Persian Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Persian_Literature?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":7540,"name":"Oral Traditions","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oral_Traditions?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":20058,"name":"Epic poetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epic_poetry?f_ri=3891"},{"id":196070,"name":"Medieval Epics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Epics?f_ri=3891"},{"id":245554,"name":"Shahnameh","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Shahnameh?f_ri=3891"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_19650377" data-work_id="19650377" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/19650377/Written_Gospel_or_Oral_Tradition_Patristic_Parallels_to_John_3_3_5_2015_EC_6">Written Gospel or Oral Tradition? Patristic Parallels to John 3:3, 5 (2015) EC 6</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">It is widely assumed that the “born again” and “born of water and spirit” sayings in the Gospel of John, Justin Martyr, Tertullian, Hippolytus, the Pseudo-Clementines, and the Apostolic Constitutions derive independently via oral... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_19650377" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">It is widely assumed that the “born again” and “born of water and spirit” sayings in the Gospel of John, Justin Martyr, Tertullian, Hippolytus, the Pseudo-Clementines, and the Apostolic Constitutions derive independently via oral tradition. This article demonstrates that the patristic sayings are based on the written Gospel of John.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/19650377" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="adaaf4232ab706759f33344ec2c0bc69" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":118845980,"asset_id":19650377,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/118845980/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0Nzk4OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="14252653" href="https://wku.academia.edu/JamesBarker">James Barker</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="14252653" type="text/json">{"id":14252653,"first_name":"James","last_name":"Barker","domain_name":"wku","page_name":"JamesBarker","display_name":"James Barker","profile_url":"https://wku.academia.edu/JamesBarker?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/14252653/3906375/137716682/s65_james.barker.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_19650377 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="19650377"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 19650377, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_19650377", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_19650377 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 19650377; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_19650377"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_19650377 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="19650377"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 19650377; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=19650377]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_19650377").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_19650377").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="19650377"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2049" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patristics">Patristics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2049" type="text/json">{"id":2049,"name":"Patristics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patristics?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2262" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Testament">New Testament</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2262" type="text/json">{"id":2262,"name":"New Testament","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Testament?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3891" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies">Orality-Literacy Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3891" type="text/json">{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="44790" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Justin_Martyr">Justin Martyr</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="44790" type="text/json">{"id":44790,"name":"Justin Martyr","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Justin_Martyr?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=19650377]'), work: {"id":19650377,"title":"Written Gospel or Oral Tradition? Patristic Parallels to John 3:3, 5 (2015) EC 6","created_at":"2015-12-14T07:44:35.892-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/19650377/Written_Gospel_or_Oral_Tradition_Patristic_Parallels_to_John_3_3_5_2015_EC_6?f_ri=3891","dom_id":"work_19650377","summary":"It is widely assumed that the “born again” and “born of water and spirit” sayings in the Gospel of John, Justin Martyr, Tertullian, Hippolytus, the Pseudo-Clementines, and the Apostolic Constitutions derive independently via oral tradition. This article demonstrates that the patristic sayings are based on the written Gospel of John.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":118845980,"asset_id":19650377,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":14252653,"first_name":"James","last_name":"Barker","domain_name":"wku","page_name":"JamesBarker","display_name":"James Barker","profile_url":"https://wku.academia.edu/JamesBarker?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/14252653/3906375/137716682/s65_james.barker.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2049,"name":"Patristics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Patristics?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":2262,"name":"New Testament","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/New_Testament?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":44790,"name":"Justin Martyr","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Justin_Martyr?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":46362,"name":"Gospel of John","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gospel_of_John?f_ri=3891"},{"id":209265,"name":"Redaction Criticism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Redaction_Criticism?f_ri=3891"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_41472621" data-work_id="41472621" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/41472621/ALLA_DERIVA_DEL_FOGLIO_SUL_FRASEGGIO_DELLO_ZEROGLIFICO_SPATOLIANO_PER_VEDERE_E_SENTIRE_DI_PI%C3%99">ALLA DERIVA DEL FOGLIO - SUL FRASEGGIO DELLO ZEROGLIFICO SPATOLIANO PER VEDERE E SENTIRE DI PIÙ</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">ALLA DERIVA DEL FOGLIO Sul fraseggio dello zeroglifico spatoliano per vedere e sentire di più di Giovanni Fontana Sono ormai passati quasi trent'anni dalla scomparsa di Adriano Spatola. L'anniversario cadrà il 23 novembre 2018, ma... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_41472621" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">ALLA DERIVA DEL FOGLIO <br />Sul fraseggio dello zeroglifico spatoliano per vedere e sentire di più<br />di Giovanni Fontana <br /><br />Sono ormai passati quasi trent'anni dalla scomparsa di Adriano Spatola. L'anniversario cadrà il 23 novembre 2018, ma purtroppo, per ragioni diverse, ancora non si riesce ad avere in Italia un'edizione completa delle sue opere, nonostante si registri, anche nelle nuove generazioni, uno spiccato interesse per il suo lavoro, come testimoniato dai numerosi interventi in rete. Molto si può leggere nel web soprattutto grazie al lavoro del fratello Maurizio che ha raccolto nel suo archivio digitale numerose anastatiche dell'opera poetica, rapportandola a documenti rari, se non addirittura introvabili negli archivi o nelle biblioteche, e accompagnandola spesso da commenti, osservazioni e saggi di grande utilità per inquadrare la figura e l'opera di suo fratello 1. Di fatto, però, su Adriano Spatola, nonostante siano stati pubblicati diversi studi di un certo rilievo, 2 c'è ancora molto da scoprire e da dire, specialmente per quanto riguarda la sua attività di sovvertitore di modelli linguistici ed espressivi, in particolare nel settore performativo, sonoro e visivo. Particolarmente importante appare quest'ultimo aspetto perché implica una serie di considerazioni sulla sua poetica che potrebbero trovare utile applicazione nell'analisi degli altri ambiti creativi, incluso quello dei testi lineari. C'è chi pensa che l'immaginazione sia qualcosa di essenzialmente visivo. E indiscutibilmente c'è chi pensa per immagini. In quest'ambito, poi, c'è chi lavora per valorizzare il dato visivo della scrittura. C'è chi ne va matto. Del resto sono ormai ben note le qualità figurali di certi testi, siano essi tipografici, dattiloscritti, composti al computer, vergati a mano o dipinti: la loro forma dice al di là di ciò che dice. Aggiunge. Offre un bonus a chi sa ben guardare. A seconda di come è scritta, infatti, una parola può trascendere il suo significato principale o incamerare attributi ampliando non poco la propria sfera semantica. Non solo è possibile registrare sorprendenti passaggi dalla denotazione all'area della connotazione, ma si possono aprire ampie prospettive di significato e di senso, talvolta del tutto singolari o addirittura impreviste. Nel caso delle opere visive di Adriano Spatola dovremmo essere a zero sul piano dei significati, avendo scelto l'artista di giocare la sua partita esclusivamente a livello di significanti. Sappiamo bene che ogni opera costituisce un sistema linguistico e che, nei casi più spinti di chiusura verso l'altro da sé, dice comunque se stessa. Lo zeroglifico spatoliano sembra rispondere a questa regola: non ricerca infatti implicazioni nella realtà, ma è esso stesso realtà. La sua fase di progetto coincide perfettamente con il processo di realizzazione dell'opera. Concluso tale percorso, che rappresenta un modo tutto particolare di rapportarsi al dato reale, fatto di ritagli, di gesti, di superfici di scorrimento, di congiunzioni, di sovrapposizioni, di sguardi misuratori, di esistenze e resistenze, si giunge sul filo del traguardo di una nuova realtà. La realtà dell'opera. Che costituisce un elemento nuovo. Un nuovo dato reale, appunto. Che si aggiunge al mare magnum della realtà esterna. Rivoluzione di forme. Poesia astratta. Ma qualunque sia l'ambito al quale ascrivere il prodotto poetico non si esce dal vincolo della significazione. Per quanto ci si possa sforzare di allontanarsi dai contenuti, resta pur sempre evidente il dato materiale dell'opera che nasce in un contesto</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/41472621" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="68adbaba93bef33a2d98dc30b2dd6313" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":61644875,"asset_id":41472621,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61644875/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0Nzk4OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="25234004" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GiovanniFontana2">Giovanni Fontana</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="25234004" type="text/json">{"id":25234004,"first_name":"Giovanni","last_name":"Fontana","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GiovanniFontana2","display_name":"Giovanni Fontana","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GiovanniFontana2?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/25234004/8188267/9162621/s65_giovanni.fontana.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_41472621 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="41472621"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 41472621, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_41472621", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_41472621 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 41472621; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_41472621"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_41472621 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="41472621"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 41472621; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=41472621]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_41472621").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_41472621").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="41472621"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">16</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3891" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies">Orality-Literacy Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3891" type="text/json">{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9043" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Performance">Performance</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9043" type="text/json">{"id":9043,"name":"Performance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Performance?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="19471" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contemporary_Poetry">Contemporary Poetry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="19471" type="text/json">{"id":19471,"name":"Contemporary Poetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contemporary_Poetry?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="145956" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Poesia">Poesia</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="145956" type="text/json">{"id":145956,"name":"Poesia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Poesia?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=41472621]'), work: {"id":41472621,"title":"ALLA DERIVA DEL FOGLIO - SUL FRASEGGIO DELLO ZEROGLIFICO SPATOLIANO PER VEDERE E SENTIRE DI PIÙ","created_at":"2019-12-31T02:28:59.498-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/41472621/ALLA_DERIVA_DEL_FOGLIO_SUL_FRASEGGIO_DELLO_ZEROGLIFICO_SPATOLIANO_PER_VEDERE_E_SENTIRE_DI_PI%C3%99?f_ri=3891","dom_id":"work_41472621","summary":"ALLA DERIVA DEL FOGLIO \nSul fraseggio dello zeroglifico spatoliano per vedere e sentire di più\ndi Giovanni Fontana \n\nSono ormai passati quasi trent'anni dalla scomparsa di Adriano Spatola. L'anniversario cadrà il 23 novembre 2018, ma purtroppo, per ragioni diverse, ancora non si riesce ad avere in Italia un'edizione completa delle sue opere, nonostante si registri, anche nelle nuove generazioni, uno spiccato interesse per il suo lavoro, come testimoniato dai numerosi interventi in rete. Molto si può leggere nel web soprattutto grazie al lavoro del fratello Maurizio che ha raccolto nel suo archivio digitale numerose anastatiche dell'opera poetica, rapportandola a documenti rari, se non addirittura introvabili negli archivi o nelle biblioteche, e accompagnandola spesso da commenti, osservazioni e saggi di grande utilità per inquadrare la figura e l'opera di suo fratello 1. Di fatto, però, su Adriano Spatola, nonostante siano stati pubblicati diversi studi di un certo rilievo, 2 c'è ancora molto da scoprire e da dire, specialmente per quanto riguarda la sua attività di sovvertitore di modelli linguistici ed espressivi, in particolare nel settore performativo, sonoro e visivo. Particolarmente importante appare quest'ultimo aspetto perché implica una serie di considerazioni sulla sua poetica che potrebbero trovare utile applicazione nell'analisi degli altri ambiti creativi, incluso quello dei testi lineari. C'è chi pensa che l'immaginazione sia qualcosa di essenzialmente visivo. E indiscutibilmente c'è chi pensa per immagini. In quest'ambito, poi, c'è chi lavora per valorizzare il dato visivo della scrittura. C'è chi ne va matto. Del resto sono ormai ben note le qualità figurali di certi testi, siano essi tipografici, dattiloscritti, composti al computer, vergati a mano o dipinti: la loro forma dice al di là di ciò che dice. Aggiunge. Offre un bonus a chi sa ben guardare. A seconda di come è scritta, infatti, una parola può trascendere il suo significato principale o incamerare attributi ampliando non poco la propria sfera semantica. Non solo è possibile registrare sorprendenti passaggi dalla denotazione all'area della connotazione, ma si possono aprire ampie prospettive di significato e di senso, talvolta del tutto singolari o addirittura impreviste. Nel caso delle opere visive di Adriano Spatola dovremmo essere a zero sul piano dei significati, avendo scelto l'artista di giocare la sua partita esclusivamente a livello di significanti. Sappiamo bene che ogni opera costituisce un sistema linguistico e che, nei casi più spinti di chiusura verso l'altro da sé, dice comunque se stessa. Lo zeroglifico spatoliano sembra rispondere a questa regola: non ricerca infatti implicazioni nella realtà, ma è esso stesso realtà. La sua fase di progetto coincide perfettamente con il processo di realizzazione dell'opera. Concluso tale percorso, che rappresenta un modo tutto particolare di rapportarsi al dato reale, fatto di ritagli, di gesti, di superfici di scorrimento, di congiunzioni, di sovrapposizioni, di sguardi misuratori, di esistenze e resistenze, si giunge sul filo del traguardo di una nuova realtà. La realtà dell'opera. Che costituisce un elemento nuovo. Un nuovo dato reale, appunto. Che si aggiunge al mare magnum della realtà esterna. Rivoluzione di forme. Poesia astratta. Ma qualunque sia l'ambito al quale ascrivere il prodotto poetico non si esce dal vincolo della significazione. Per quanto ci si possa sforzare di allontanarsi dai contenuti, resta pur sempre evidente il dato materiale dell'opera che nasce in un contesto","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":61644875,"asset_id":41472621,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":25234004,"first_name":"Giovanni","last_name":"Fontana","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"GiovanniFontana2","display_name":"Giovanni Fontana","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/GiovanniFontana2?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/25234004/8188267/9162621/s65_giovanni.fontana.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":9043,"name":"Performance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Performance?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":19471,"name":"Contemporary Poetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Contemporary_Poetry?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":145956,"name":"Poesia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Poesia?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":173313,"name":"Sound Poetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sound_Poetry?f_ri=3891"},{"id":497751,"name":"Neoavanguardia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neoavanguardia?f_ri=3891"},{"id":497752,"name":"Adriano Spatola","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Adriano_Spatola?f_ri=3891"},{"id":507001,"name":"Poesia italiana contemporanea","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Poesia_italiana_contemporanea?f_ri=3891"},{"id":534271,"name":"Poésie Sonore \u0026 Poésie Action","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Poesie_Sonore_and_Poesie_Action?f_ri=3891"},{"id":641075,"name":"Oralité et écriture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oralite_et_ecriture?f_ri=3891"},{"id":665868,"name":"ORALIDAD Y ESCRITURA","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/ORALIDAD_Y_ESCRITURA?f_ri=3891"},{"id":678733,"name":"Poesia Visiva","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Poesia_Visiva?f_ri=3891"},{"id":1119394,"name":"Poesia Sonora","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Poesia_Sonora?f_ri=3891"},{"id":3008102,"name":"Giovanni Fontana","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Giovanni_Fontana?f_ri=3891"},{"id":3050167,"name":"Concrete, Sound and Visual Poetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Concrete_Sound_and_Visual_Poetry?f_ri=3891"},{"id":3503894,"name":"Zeroglifico","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zeroglifico?f_ri=3891"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_1373387" data-work_id="1373387" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/1373387/SMOKING_AND_ORAL_HEALTH">SMOKING AND ORAL HEALTH</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/1373387" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3087e8338e4d0be5b287b405bf8107e8" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":8569478,"asset_id":1373387,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button 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DEBATA","profile_url":"https://rguhs.academia.edu/DRABHITOSHDEBATA?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1165175/462939/59057999/s65_dr.abhitosh.debata.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_1373387 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="1373387"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 1373387, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_1373387", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_1373387 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 1373387; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_1373387"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_1373387 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="1373387"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 1373387; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=1373387]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_1373387").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_1373387").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="1373387"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">15</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="596" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dentistry">Dentistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="596" type="text/json">{"id":596,"name":"Dentistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dentistry?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="597" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dental_Hygiene_And_Epidemiology">Dental Hygiene And Epidemiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="597" type="text/json">{"id":597,"name":"Dental Hygiene And Epidemiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dental_Hygiene_And_Epidemiology?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2978" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dental_Research">Dental Research</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2978" type="text/json">{"id":2978,"name":"Dental Research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dental_Research?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3891" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies">Orality-Literacy Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3891" type="text/json">{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=1373387]'), work: {"id":1373387,"title":"SMOKING AND ORAL HEALTH","created_at":"2012-02-10T23:07:14.121-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/1373387/SMOKING_AND_ORAL_HEALTH?f_ri=3891","dom_id":"work_1373387","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":8569478,"asset_id":1373387,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1165175,"first_name":"DR.ABHITOSH","last_name":"DEBATA","domain_name":"rguhs","page_name":"DRABHITOSHDEBATA","display_name":"DR.ABHITOSH DEBATA","profile_url":"https://rguhs.academia.edu/DRABHITOSHDEBATA?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1165175/462939/59057999/s65_dr.abhitosh.debata.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":596,"name":"Dentistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dentistry?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":597,"name":"Dental Hygiene And Epidemiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dental_Hygiene_And_Epidemiology?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":2978,"name":"Dental Research","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dental_Research?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":6337,"name":"Oral history","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oral_history?f_ri=3891"},{"id":15241,"name":"Dental Health","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dental_Health?f_ri=3891"},{"id":20505,"name":"Dental Public Health","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dental_Public_Health?f_ri=3891"},{"id":66029,"name":"Smoking Cessation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Smoking_Cessation?f_ri=3891"},{"id":68212,"name":"Oral Health Related Quality of Life","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oral_Health_Related_Quality_of_Life?f_ri=3891"},{"id":68213,"name":"Children and Young People's Oral Health","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Children_and_Young_Peoples_Oral_Health?f_ri=3891"},{"id":69986,"name":"Oral Cancer Diagnostic and Prognostic Tools","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oral_Cancer_Diagnostic_and_Prognostic_Tools?f_ri=3891"},{"id":74072,"name":"Oral Patholog,oral Cancer,immunohistochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oral_Patholog_oral_Cancer_immunohistochemistry?f_ri=3891"},{"id":74315,"name":"Oral Cancers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oral_Cancers?f_ri=3891"},{"id":75318,"name":"Smoking","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Smoking?f_ri=3891"},{"id":390614,"name":"SMOKING \u0026 ORAL HEALTH","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/SMOKING_and_ORAL_HEALTH?f_ri=3891"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_29055985" data-work_id="29055985" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/29055985/_Thats_the_Way_We_Flow_Hip_Hop_as_Oral_Literature">"That's the Way We Flow" : Hip Hop as Oral Literature</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This thesis examines Hip Hop as a genre of oral literature. To begin this study, I examine a wide range of scholarship on orality, including what is considered the canonical work, Orality and Literature, by Walter Ong. This theorist’s... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_29055985" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This thesis examines Hip Hop as a genre of oral literature. To begin this study, I examine a wide range of scholarship on orality, including what is considered the canonical work, Orality and Literature, by Walter Ong. This theorist’s conclusion draws a binary opposition between orality and writing. Hip Hop music encourages a broader definition of orality that approaches what African author Ngugi wa Thiong’o calls orature. I use Hip Hop to push back on Ong’s conclusions, and demonstrate how orality and writing can coexist in a culture. I found that there were three categories of Hip Hop songs that demonstrated the link between orality and writing. First, there are two types of Hip Hop songs that that form an intertextual relation with other songs through sampling. The first kind features a DJ that samples words and phrases to make it appear as if they are speaking over the beat. The second kind, reinterprets what the original speaker’s message was by sampling their music in a new song. Second, there is a group of Hip Hop songs that feature unique vocal styles that demonstrate how the artist intends to give an oral performance, even though they wrote the lyrics before performing them. Through these examples, my thesis examines how Hip Hop acts as orature, and broadens the definition of orality. Third, there are certain Hip Hop songs that play off of the traditional storytelling form of Western culture, demonstrating how oral culture can influence written and oral styles of storytelling.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/29055985" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="485f9847e0496bdbb71979c1c741cc0b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":49509352,"asset_id":29055985,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49509352/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0Nzk4OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="35652426" href="https://independent.academia.edu/PSmith1284">Patrick M Smith</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="35652426" type="text/json">{"id":35652426,"first_name":"Patrick","last_name":"Smith","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"PSmith1284","display_name":"Patrick M Smith","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/PSmith1284?f_ri=3891","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_29055985 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="29055985"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 29055985, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_29055985", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_29055985 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 29055985; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_29055985"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_29055985 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="29055985"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 29055985; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=29055985]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_29055985").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_29055985").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="29055985"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">16</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="296" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Black_Studies_Or_African_American_Studies">Black Studies Or African American Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="296" type="text/json">{"id":296,"name":"Black Studies Or African American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Black_Studies_Or_African_American_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3891" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies">Orality-Literacy Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3891" type="text/json">{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6492" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Storytelling">Storytelling</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6492" type="text/json">{"id":6492,"name":"Storytelling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Storytelling?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11751" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_American_Culture">African American Culture</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="11751" type="text/json">{"id":11751,"name":"African American Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_American_Culture?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=29055985]'), work: {"id":29055985,"title":"\"That's the Way We Flow\" : Hip Hop as Oral Literature","created_at":"2016-10-10T11:06:26.457-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/29055985/_Thats_the_Way_We_Flow_Hip_Hop_as_Oral_Literature?f_ri=3891","dom_id":"work_29055985","summary":"This thesis examines Hip Hop as a genre of oral literature. To begin this study, I examine a wide range of scholarship on orality, including what is considered the canonical work, Orality and Literature, by Walter Ong. This theorist’s conclusion draws a binary opposition between orality and writing. Hip Hop music encourages a broader definition of orality that approaches what African author Ngugi wa Thiong’o calls orature. I use Hip Hop to push back on Ong’s conclusions, and demonstrate how orality and writing can coexist in a culture. I found that there were three categories of Hip Hop songs that demonstrated the link between orality and writing. First, there are two types of Hip Hop songs that that form an intertextual relation with other songs through sampling. The first kind features a DJ that samples words and phrases to make it appear as if they are speaking over the beat. The second kind, reinterprets what the original speaker’s message was by sampling their music in a new song. Second, there is a group of Hip Hop songs that feature unique vocal styles that demonstrate how the artist intends to give an oral performance, even though they wrote the lyrics before performing them. Through these examples, my thesis examines how Hip Hop acts as orature, and broadens the definition of orality. Third, there are certain Hip Hop songs that play off of the traditional storytelling form of Western culture, demonstrating how oral culture can influence written and oral styles of storytelling. \n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":49509352,"asset_id":29055985,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":35652426,"first_name":"Patrick","last_name":"Smith","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"PSmith1284","display_name":"Patrick M Smith","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/PSmith1284?f_ri=3891","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":296,"name":"Black Studies Or African American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Black_Studies_Or_African_American_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":6492,"name":"Storytelling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Storytelling?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":11751,"name":"African American Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_American_Culture?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":14904,"name":"Hip-Hop/Rap","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hip-Hop_Rap?f_ri=3891"},{"id":14912,"name":"African American Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/African_American_Studies?f_ri=3891"},{"id":19765,"name":"Oral Traditions (Culture)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oral_Traditions_Culture_?f_ri=3891"},{"id":26805,"name":"Orality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality?f_ri=3891"},{"id":34139,"name":"Hip-Hop Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hip-Hop_Studies?f_ri=3891"},{"id":41789,"name":"Ngugi Wa Thiongo","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ngugi_Wa_Thiongo?f_ri=3891"},{"id":57531,"name":"Sampling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sampling?f_ri=3891"},{"id":62430,"name":"Oral literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oral_literature?f_ri=3891"},{"id":131068,"name":"Hip Hop Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hip_Hop_Culture?f_ri=3891"},{"id":304001,"name":"Hip-Hop Education","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hip-Hop_Education?f_ri=3891"},{"id":643158,"name":"Walter J. Ong","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Walter_J._Ong?f_ri=3891"},{"id":988094,"name":"Orality and Writing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality_and_Writing?f_ri=3891"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_46512086" data-work_id="46512086" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/46512086/Transgressive_Arabic_discourse_in_Lebanese_political_protest">Transgressive Arabic discourse in Lebanese political protest</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">A wide range of Arabic language variation in form, code choice and orthographic script was wielded by Lebanese political protestors in their graffiti and political placards in Beirut in 2015. That summer, civil protests spilled out into... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_46512086" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">A wide range of Arabic language variation in form, code choice and orthographic script was wielded by Lebanese political protestors in their graffiti and political placards in Beirut in 2015. That summer, civil protests spilled out into the streets to critique the government inaction over waste management and overall corruption. I will focus on four tactics that highlight a trend towards linguistic transgression and strategic recontextualization of Arabic discourse in these protests: reworking of state iconography; inscribing irreverent spoken dialect in written form; incorporation of hashtag (#) participant and interpretive frameworks ; and the recontextualization of traditional calligraphic forms in new contexts. This paper explores the intertextuality of protest signage and consider the ways in which the transgression of traditional linguistic boundaries might inform understandings of the social dynamics of contemporary politics in Lebanon.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/46512086" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="dee10f95d3ec16dfab54ac22a9163b21" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":66229402,"asset_id":46512086,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66229402/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0Nzk4OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="9115881" href="https://gc-cuny.academia.edu/DianeRiskedahl">Diane Riskedahl</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="9115881" type="text/json">{"id":9115881,"first_name":"Diane","last_name":"Riskedahl","domain_name":"gc-cuny","page_name":"DianeRiskedahl","display_name":"Diane Riskedahl","profile_url":"https://gc-cuny.academia.edu/DianeRiskedahl?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/9115881/7874766/48098078/s65_diane.riskedahl.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_46512086 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="46512086"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 46512086, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_46512086", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=46512086]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_46512086").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_46512086").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="46512086"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">20</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2015" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_East_Studies">Middle East Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2015" type="text/json">{"id":2015,"name":"Middle East Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_East_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2524" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociolinguistics">Sociolinguistics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2524" type="text/json">{"id":2524,"name":"Sociolinguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociolinguistics?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2718" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistic_Anthropology">Linguistic Anthropology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2718" type="text/json">{"id":2718,"name":"Linguistic Anthropology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistic_Anthropology?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2722" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Language_and_Linguistics">Arabic Language and Linguistics</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2722" type="text/json">{"id":2722,"name":"Arabic Language and Linguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Language_and_Linguistics?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=46512086]'), work: {"id":46512086,"title":"Transgressive Arabic discourse in Lebanese political protest","created_at":"2021-04-10T11:32:08.043-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/46512086/Transgressive_Arabic_discourse_in_Lebanese_political_protest?f_ri=3891","dom_id":"work_46512086","summary":"A wide range of Arabic language variation in form, code choice and orthographic script was wielded by Lebanese political protestors in their graffiti and political placards in Beirut in 2015. That summer, civil protests spilled out into the streets to critique the government inaction over waste management and overall corruption. I will focus on four tactics that highlight a trend towards linguistic transgression and strategic recontextualization of Arabic discourse in these protests: reworking of state iconography; inscribing irreverent spoken dialect in written form; incorporation of hashtag (#) participant and interpretive frameworks ; and the recontextualization of traditional calligraphic forms in new contexts. This paper explores the intertextuality of protest signage and consider the ways in which the transgression of traditional linguistic boundaries might inform understandings of the social dynamics of contemporary politics in Lebanon.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":66229402,"asset_id":46512086,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":9115881,"first_name":"Diane","last_name":"Riskedahl","domain_name":"gc-cuny","page_name":"DianeRiskedahl","display_name":"Diane Riskedahl","profile_url":"https://gc-cuny.academia.edu/DianeRiskedahl?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/9115881/7874766/48098078/s65_diane.riskedahl.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2015,"name":"Middle East Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_East_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":2524,"name":"Sociolinguistics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sociolinguistics?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":2718,"name":"Linguistic 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Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Political_Disourse_Analysis?f_ri=3891"},{"id":101708,"name":"Political Discourse","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Discourse?f_ri=3891"},{"id":110741,"name":"Arabic Discourse","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabic_Discourse?f_ri=3891"},{"id":116851,"name":"Lebanese Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lebanese_Politics?f_ri=3891"},{"id":152211,"name":"Garbage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Garbage?f_ri=3891"},{"id":153464,"name":"Language and Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Language_and_Politics?f_ri=3891"},{"id":611408,"name":"Linguistic Landscape Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistic_Landscape_Analysis?f_ri=3891"},{"id":621252,"name":"Linguistic and Semiotic Landscapes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Linguistic_and_Semiotic_Landscapes?f_ri=3891"},{"id":884388,"name":"political Protest","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/political_Protest?f_ri=3891"},{"id":1807834,"name":"Lebanese Arabic","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lebanese_Arabic?f_ri=3891"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_38457104" data-work_id="38457104" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/38457104/Storytelling_and_Wonder_David_Abram_2005_pdf">Storytelling and Wonder - David Abram (2005).pdf</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/38457104" 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class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="10822008" href="https://harvard.academia.edu/DavidAbram">David Abram</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="10822008" type="text/json">{"id":10822008,"first_name":"David","last_name":"Abram","domain_name":"harvard","page_name":"DavidAbram","display_name":"David Abram","profile_url":"https://harvard.academia.edu/DavidAbram?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10822008/22112333/21349495/s65_david.abram.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_38457104 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="38457104"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 38457104, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_38457104", }); 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href="https://www.academia.edu/33476439/Njego%C5%A1_med_dvema_svetni%C5%A1tvoma_slavljenje_nacionalnega_pesnika_in_vladarja_ob_dvestoti_obletnici_njegovega_rojstva_Between_two_sainthoods_Montenegrin_national_poet_Njego%C5%A1_at_the_bicentenary_of_his_birth_1813_2013_">Njegoš med dvema svetništvoma: slavljenje nacionalnega pesnika in vladarja ob dvestoti obletnici njegovega rojstva (Between two sainthoods: Montenegrin national poet Njegoš at the bicentenary of his birth, 1813-2013)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Celebration of the bicentennial of the poet's birth in 2013 was characterized by a surprising intensity of the events as well as by the multiplicity and diversity of the agencies and actors involved. In this chapter, the input into... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_33476439" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Celebration of the bicentennial of the poet's birth in 2013 was characterized by a surprising intensity of the events as well as by the multiplicity and diversity of the agencies and actors involved. In this chapter, the input into marking the bicentennial by four central agencies is briefly described and tentatively analyzed: <br />1. (largely official) celebrations by the Montenegrin government bodies, aiming at recuperating Njegoš as the Montenegrin national poet, peaking in October with ceremony in front of the renovated Njegoš Mausoleum on the top of the Lovćen Mountain. This canonization of Njegoš has to be seen as the third of its kind (the first two established Njegoš as a Serbian national poet after the WWI and Yugoslav national poet after 1951 – at the occasion of the centennial of his death);<br />2. contribution by the Serbian Orthodox Church in Montenegro: in May 2013, the notorious Mitropolite of the Montenegrin-Littoral Eparchy, which has its seat in the Monastery of Cetinje, ordered to introduce the icon of Njegoš into the named monastery, thereby making Njegoš the saint. With the exception of some Serb ultranationalist networks, the prevailing reaction to this sanctification of the poet (not confirmed by the synod of the Serbian Orthodox Church) was one of derision;<br />3. celebrating the bicentennial in Serbia. The focus is on a small network of radical nationalist poets mostly from Belgrade, headed by Matija Bećković;<br />4. the contribution of the Montenegrin diaspora in Croatia. Dimitrije Popović, a Cetinje-born sculptor living in Zagreb donated to his native town an abstract sculpture named Homage to Njegoš, which was inaugurated in May in a central place between the Monastery and the Njegoš's Palace (Biljarda). The less known Montenegrin-Croatian »connection« (based on the long history of the interaction in the Eastern Adriatic) was thus given a significant recognition.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/33476439" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="42a3d2a550becd44fad6c6a0b5fb00ba" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":53519359,"asset_id":33476439,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/53519359/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0Nzk4OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2019402" href="https://uni-lj.academia.edu/BojanBaskar">Bojan Baskar</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2019402" type="text/json">{"id":2019402,"first_name":"Bojan","last_name":"Baskar","domain_name":"uni-lj","page_name":"BojanBaskar","display_name":"Bojan Baskar","profile_url":"https://uni-lj.academia.edu/BojanBaskar?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2019402/3004334/11856526/s65_bojan.baskar.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_33476439 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="33476439"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 33476439, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_33476439", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_33476439 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33476439; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_33476439"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_33476439 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="33476439"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 33476439; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=33476439]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_33476439").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_33476439").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="33476439"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1258" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Romanticism">Romanticism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1258" type="text/json">{"id":1258,"name":"Romanticism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Romanticism?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3337" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Balkan_Studies">Balkan Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3337" type="text/json">{"id":3337,"name":"Balkan Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Balkan_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3581" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Poetry">Poetry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3581" type="text/json">{"id":3581,"name":"Poetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Poetry?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3891" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies">Orality-Literacy Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="3891" type="text/json">{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=33476439]'), work: {"id":33476439,"title":"Njegoš med dvema svetništvoma: slavljenje nacionalnega pesnika in vladarja ob dvestoti obletnici njegovega rojstva (Between two sainthoods: Montenegrin national poet Njegoš at the bicentenary of his birth, 1813-2013)","created_at":"2017-06-15T01:32:13.671-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/33476439/Njego%C5%A1_med_dvema_svetni%C5%A1tvoma_slavljenje_nacionalnega_pesnika_in_vladarja_ob_dvestoti_obletnici_njegovega_rojstva_Between_two_sainthoods_Montenegrin_national_poet_Njego%C5%A1_at_the_bicentenary_of_his_birth_1813_2013_?f_ri=3891","dom_id":"work_33476439","summary":"Celebration of the bicentennial of the poet's birth in 2013 was characterized by a surprising intensity of the events as well as by the multiplicity and diversity of the agencies and actors involved. In this chapter, the input into marking the bicentennial by four central agencies is briefly described and tentatively analyzed: \n1. (largely official) celebrations by the Montenegrin government bodies, aiming at recuperating Njegoš as the Montenegrin national poet, peaking in October with ceremony in front of the renovated Njegoš Mausoleum on the top of the Lovćen Mountain. This canonization of Njegoš has to be seen as the third of its kind (the first two established Njegoš as a Serbian national poet after the WWI and Yugoslav national poet after 1951 – at the occasion of the centennial of his death);\n2. contribution by the Serbian Orthodox Church in Montenegro: in May 2013, the notorious Mitropolite of the Montenegrin-Littoral Eparchy, which has its seat in the Monastery of Cetinje, ordered to introduce the icon of Njegoš into the named monastery, thereby making Njegoš the saint. With the exception of some Serb ultranationalist networks, the prevailing reaction to this sanctification of the poet (not confirmed by the synod of the Serbian Orthodox Church) was one of derision;\n3. celebrating the bicentennial in Serbia. The focus is on a small network of radical nationalist poets mostly from Belgrade, headed by Matija Bećković;\n4. the contribution of the Montenegrin diaspora in Croatia. Dimitrije Popović, a Cetinje-born sculptor living in Zagreb donated to his native town an abstract sculpture named Homage to Njegoš, which was inaugurated in May in a central place between the Monastery and the Njegoš's Palace (Biljarda). The less known Montenegrin-Croatian »connection« (based on the long history of the interaction in the Eastern Adriatic) was thus given a significant recognition.\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":53519359,"asset_id":33476439,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2019402,"first_name":"Bojan","last_name":"Baskar","domain_name":"uni-lj","page_name":"BojanBaskar","display_name":"Bojan Baskar","profile_url":"https://uni-lj.academia.edu/BojanBaskar?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2019402/3004334/11856526/s65_bojan.baskar.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1258,"name":"Romanticism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Romanticism?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":3337,"name":"Balkan Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Balkan_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":3581,"name":"Poetry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Poetry?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":5878,"name":"Nationalism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nationalism?f_ri=3891"},{"id":7256,"name":"Saints' Cults","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Saints_Cults?f_ri=3891"},{"id":26023,"name":"Bosnian/Croatian/Serbian literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bosnian_Croatian_Serbian_literature?f_ri=3891"},{"id":77142,"name":"Montenegro","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Montenegro?f_ri=3891"},{"id":148028,"name":"Monuments","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Monuments?f_ri=3891"},{"id":441975,"name":"Cetinje","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cetinje?f_ri=3891"},{"id":712620,"name":"Njegoš","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Njego%C5%A1?f_ri=3891"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_6883731" data-work_id="6883731" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6883731/O_Imp%C3%A9rio_da_voz_apontamentos_sobre_o_exerc%C3%ADcio_do_poder_pontif%C3%ADcio_durante_a_era_gregoriana_">O Império da voz: apontamentos sobre o exercício do poder pontifício durante a "era gregoriana".</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Na segunda metade do século XI, um áspero conflito entre a igreja romana e a corte germânica levou o papa Gregório VII a decretar a deposição e excomunhão do sucessor imperial. Tido pelos historiadores como o capítulo central da... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_6883731" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Na segunda metade do século XI, um áspero conflito entre a igreja romana e a <br />corte germânica levou o papa Gregório VII a decretar a deposição e excomunhão do <br />sucessor imperial. Tido pelos historiadores como o capítulo central da chamada <br />“Reforma Gregoriana”, este evento é usualmente encarado como um importante <br />marco de ascensão política do papado na História Ocidental e da instauração de um <br />amplo processo de institucionalização da igreja romana. O maior emblema desta via <br />de “estatização” pela qual teria enveredado o poder pontifício foi, afirmam os historiadores, a expansão do direito canônico, cujo avanço teria assentado as bases do trato legal que nos séculos seguinte se apoderaria do Ocidente. Portanto, um império da lei e das normas escritas teria sido ruidosamente anunciado através das ações gregorianas.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/6883731" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c678452dc45c8d57a3a0c353ccbfb065" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":33568433,"asset_id":6883731,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33568433/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0Nzk4OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="11497846" href="https://unb.academia.edu/LeandroRust">Leandro Rust</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="11497846" type="text/json">{"id":11497846,"first_name":"Leandro","last_name":"Rust","domain_name":"unb","page_name":"LeandroRust","display_name":"Leandro Rust","profile_url":"https://unb.academia.edu/LeandroRust?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11497846/3342393/40048154/s65_leandro.rust.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_6883731 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="6883731"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 6883731, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_6883731", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_6883731 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6883731; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_6883731"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_6883731 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="6883731"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6883731; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=6883731]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_6883731").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_6883731").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="6883731"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">38</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="106" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion">Religion</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="106" type="text/json">{"id":106,"name":"Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="128" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History">History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="128" type="text/json">{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="534" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law">Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="534" type="text/json">{"id":534,"name":"Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="545" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Canon_Law">Canon Law</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="545" type="text/json">{"id":545,"name":"Canon Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Canon_Law?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=6883731]'), work: {"id":6883731,"title":"O Império da voz: apontamentos sobre o exercício do poder pontifício durante a \"era gregoriana\".","created_at":"2014-04-27T01:20:39.636-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/6883731/O_Imp%C3%A9rio_da_voz_apontamentos_sobre_o_exerc%C3%ADcio_do_poder_pontif%C3%ADcio_durante_a_era_gregoriana_?f_ri=3891","dom_id":"work_6883731","summary":"Na segunda metade do século XI, um áspero conflito entre a igreja romana e a\r\ncorte germânica levou o papa Gregório VII a decretar a deposição e excomunhão do\r\nsucessor imperial. Tido pelos historiadores como o capítulo central da chamada\r\n“Reforma Gregoriana”, este evento é usualmente encarado como um importante\r\nmarco de ascensão política do papado na História Ocidental e da instauração de um\r\namplo processo de institucionalização da igreja romana. O maior emblema desta via\r\nde “estatização” pela qual teria enveredado o poder pontifício foi, afirmam os historiadores, a expansão do direito canônico, cujo avanço teria assentado as bases do trato legal que nos séculos seguinte se apoderaria do Ocidente. Portanto, um império da lei e das normas escritas teria sido ruidosamente anunciado através das ações gregorianas.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":33568433,"asset_id":6883731,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":11497846,"first_name":"Leandro","last_name":"Rust","domain_name":"unb","page_name":"LeandroRust","display_name":"Leandro Rust","profile_url":"https://unb.academia.edu/LeandroRust?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11497846/3342393/40048154/s65_leandro.rust.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":106,"name":"Religion","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Religion?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":128,"name":"History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":534,"name":"Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":545,"name":"Canon Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Canon_Law?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":1306,"name":"European Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European_Law?f_ri=3891"},{"id":1446,"name":"Medieval History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_History?f_ri=3891"},{"id":1696,"name":"Political Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Theory?f_ri=3891"},{"id":2853,"name":"Medieval Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Studies?f_ri=3891"},{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891"},{"id":5133,"name":"Reformation Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reformation_Studies?f_ri=3891"},{"id":5709,"name":"Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Politics?f_ri=3891"},{"id":7281,"name":"Medieval Ecclesiastical History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medieval_Ecclesiastical_History?f_ri=3891"},{"id":7908,"name":"Papacy (Medieval Church History)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Papacy_Medieval_Church_History_?f_ri=3891"},{"id":8147,"name":"Gregorian Reform","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gregorian_Reform?f_ri=3891"},{"id":11293,"name":"Papal Legates","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Papal_Legates?f_ri=3891"},{"id":18521,"name":"Direito","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Direito?f_ri=3891"},{"id":22067,"name":"Institutions (Political Science)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Institutions_Political_Science_?f_ri=3891"},{"id":26805,"name":"Orality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality?f_ri=3891"},{"id":30010,"name":"Empire","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Empire?f_ri=3891"},{"id":40756,"name":"Historia Social","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historia_Social?f_ri=3891"},{"id":49837,"name":"Historia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historia?f_ri=3891"},{"id":52690,"name":"History of Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History_of_Law?f_ri=3891"},{"id":59717,"name":"Ecclesiastical History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecclesiastical_History?f_ri=3891"},{"id":79256,"name":"Theory of Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Theory_of_Law?f_ri=3891"},{"id":81894,"name":"Middle Ages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_Ages?f_ri=3891"},{"id":108906,"name":"Historia Medieval","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historia_Medieval?f_ri=3891"},{"id":114565,"name":"Historia del Derecho","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historia_del_Derecho?f_ri=3891"},{"id":125979,"name":"Orality and Literacy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality_and_Literacy?f_ri=3891"},{"id":178763,"name":"Pope Gregory VII","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pope_Gregory_VII?f_ri=3891"},{"id":186513,"name":"História da Idade Média","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historia_da_Idade_Media?f_ri=3891"},{"id":210413,"name":"Eleventh and Twelfth Century Europe","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eleventh_and_Twelfth_Century_Europe?f_ri=3891"},{"id":248428,"name":"Iglesia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Iglesia?f_ri=3891"},{"id":332934,"name":"historia de la Iglesia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/historia_de_la_Iglesia?f_ri=3891"},{"id":412259,"name":"Igreja Católica","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Igreja_Catolica?f_ri=3891"},{"id":470633,"name":"Idade Média","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Idade_M%C3%A9dia?f_ri=3891"},{"id":513959,"name":"Reforma Gregoriana","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reforma_Gregoriana?f_ri=3891"},{"id":520717,"name":"Eleventh and Twelfth Century Italy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eleventh_and_Twelfth_Century_Italy?f_ri=3891"},{"id":1371028,"name":"História Da Igreja","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historia_Da_Igreja?f_ri=3891"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_41606923" data-work_id="41606923" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/41606923/Performativity_and_Visualisation_A_Critique_of_Mimesis_in_Odysseus_Scar">Performativity and Visualisation: A Critique of Mimesis in Odysseus' Scar</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The representation of reality in the Homeric Odyssey has spurred many conflicting interpretations due to the question of its orality. The awareness of the oral tradition can be traced in the history of Homer criticism and it starts with... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_41606923" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The representation of reality in the Homeric Odyssey has spurred many conflicting interpretations due to the question of its orality. The awareness of the oral tradition can be traced in the history of Homer criticism and it starts with the Analysts (19 th century higher criticism) that sought to determine how fragments of earlier poems had been layered together and culminated with Milman Parry's (1928) discovery that the Homeric epic exhibits oral methods of composition (Ong, 18-20). The oral quality of the text and the oral culture that produced it demanded a new type of criticism that shifted the focus from text as product to text as a transcript of a process, at the end of the last century (Rabel, Bakker). This type of criticism addressed issues of representation not in terms of sign-referent (a structuralist mode of reading), but in terms of action-model, as we will see. It also distances itself from the oral-formulaic theory that views the epic poetry of Homer as a set of formulae coupled with performance as improvisation; instead, it understands oral culture as a fundamentally different way to perceive the world in regards to heroic events of the past (kleos) in the memory of their previous performances. Such an oral-oriented reading also draws from the archeology of mimesis as it appears in the pre-literate Greece, and subsequently problematises both ancient "narratological" approaches (Plato and Aristotle) and modern narratology (De Jong). The present study will address two aspects of mimesis: 1) performance, not only representation, imitation, but enactment, presentification (Spăriosu); and 2) visualisation, starting from Auerbach's stance that the Homeric world is "brightly and uniformly illuminated" and that "everything is visible" (3) and placing this stance near or against oral-oriented criticism (Ong, Bakker). This type of emerging criticism in classical studies in the last century paralleled the general changes the conceptual apparatus of literary theory faced when explaining postmodernist self-reflexive literature. See Linda Hutcheon's (1981) observation that metafictional literature recovered the performance ("mimesis of process") that was already embedded in Aristotle's mimesis (18).</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/41606923" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="86dd6470ee0b01a01dc8be68ed08ffc6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":61773447,"asset_id":41606923,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/61773447/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0Nzk4OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="19529677" href="https://ulbsibiu.academia.edu/AnaMariaDeliu">Ana-Maria Deliu</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="19529677" type="text/json">{"id":19529677,"first_name":"Ana-Maria","last_name":"Deliu","domain_name":"ulbsibiu","page_name":"AnaMariaDeliu","display_name":"Ana-Maria Deliu","profile_url":"https://ulbsibiu.academia.edu/AnaMariaDeliu?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/19529677/6193397/32136465/s65_ana-maria.deliu.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_41606923 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="41606923"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 41606923, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_41606923", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=41606923]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_41606923").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_41606923").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="41606923"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="832" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Homer">Homer</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="832" type="text/json">{"id":832,"name":"Homer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Homer?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3891" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies">Orality-Literacy Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3891" type="text/json">{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6013" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Performativity">Performativity</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6013" type="text/json">{"id":6013,"name":"Performativity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Performativity?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11563" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Performance_and_performativity">Performance and performativity</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="11563" type="text/json">{"id":11563,"name":"Performance and performativity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Performance_and_performativity?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=41606923]'), work: {"id":41606923,"title":"Performativity and Visualisation: A Critique of Mimesis in Odysseus' Scar","created_at":"2020-01-12T17:24:37.472-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/41606923/Performativity_and_Visualisation_A_Critique_of_Mimesis_in_Odysseus_Scar?f_ri=3891","dom_id":"work_41606923","summary":"The representation of reality in the Homeric Odyssey has spurred many conflicting interpretations due to the question of its orality. The awareness of the oral tradition can be traced in the history of Homer criticism and it starts with the Analysts (19 th century higher criticism) that sought to determine how fragments of earlier poems had been layered together and culminated with Milman Parry's (1928) discovery that the Homeric epic exhibits oral methods of composition (Ong, 18-20). The oral quality of the text and the oral culture that produced it demanded a new type of criticism that shifted the focus from text as product to text as a transcript of a process, at the end of the last century (Rabel, Bakker). This type of criticism addressed issues of representation not in terms of sign-referent (a structuralist mode of reading), but in terms of action-model, as we will see. It also distances itself from the oral-formulaic theory that views the epic poetry of Homer as a set of formulae coupled with performance as improvisation; instead, it understands oral culture as a fundamentally different way to perceive the world in regards to heroic events of the past (kleos) in the memory of their previous performances. Such an oral-oriented reading also draws from the archeology of mimesis as it appears in the pre-literate Greece, and subsequently problematises both ancient \"narratological\" approaches (Plato and Aristotle) and modern narratology (De Jong). The present study will address two aspects of mimesis: 1) performance, not only representation, imitation, but enactment, presentification (Spăriosu); and 2) visualisation, starting from Auerbach's stance that the Homeric world is \"brightly and uniformly illuminated\" and that \"everything is visible\" (3) and placing this stance near or against oral-oriented criticism (Ong, Bakker). This type of emerging criticism in classical studies in the last century paralleled the general changes the conceptual apparatus of literary theory faced when explaining postmodernist self-reflexive literature. See Linda Hutcheon's (1981) observation that metafictional literature recovered the performance (\"mimesis of process\") that was already embedded in Aristotle's mimesis (18).","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":61773447,"asset_id":41606923,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":19529677,"first_name":"Ana-Maria","last_name":"Deliu","domain_name":"ulbsibiu","page_name":"AnaMariaDeliu","display_name":"Ana-Maria Deliu","profile_url":"https://ulbsibiu.academia.edu/AnaMariaDeliu?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/19529677/6193397/32136465/s65_ana-maria.deliu.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":832,"name":"Homer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Homer?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":6013,"name":"Performativity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Performativity?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":11563,"name":"Performance and performativity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Performance_and_performativity?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":19818,"name":"Narrative Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Narrative_Theory?f_ri=3891"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_50372759" data-work_id="50372759" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/50372759/Vision_Worship_and_the_Transmutation_of_the_Vedas_into_Sacred_Scripture_The_Publication_of_Bhagav%C4%81n_Veda%E1%B8%A5_in_1970">Vision, Worship, and the Transmutation of the Vedas into Sacred Scripture. The Publication of Bhagavān Vedaḥ in 1970</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This article discusses the first Indian compilation of the four Vedic Saṃhitās into a printed book in the year 1971 entitled “Bhagavān Vedaḥ.” This endeavor was the life’s mission of an udāsīn ascetic called Guru Gaṅgeśvarānand Mahārāj... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_50372759" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This article discusses the first Indian compilation of the four Vedic Saṃhitās into a printed book in the year 1971 entitled “Bhagavān Vedaḥ.” This endeavor was the life’s mission of an udāsīn ascetic called Guru Gaṅgeśvarānand Mahārāj (1881–1992) who in the year 1968 founded the “Gaṅgeśvar Caturved Sansthān” in Bombay and appointed one of his main disciples, Svāmī Ānand Bhāskarānand, to oversee the publication of the book. His main motivation was to have a physical representation of the Vedas for Hindus to be able to have the darśana (auspicious sight) of the Vedas and worship them in book form. This contribution explores the institutions and individuals involved in the editorial work and its dissemination, and zooms into the processes that allowed for the transition from orality to print culture, and ultimately what it means when the Vedas are materialized into “the book of the Hindus.”</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/50372759" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="0e020cab3906a3a40e790fadf6cc44c0" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":68387181,"asset_id":50372759,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/68387181/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0Nzk4OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="333831" href="https://univie.academia.edu/BorayinLarios">Borayin Larios</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="333831" type="text/json">{"id":333831,"first_name":"Borayin","last_name":"Larios","domain_name":"univie","page_name":"BorayinLarios","display_name":"Borayin Larios","profile_url":"https://univie.academia.edu/BorayinLarios?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/333831/92618/148975953/s65_borayin.larios.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_50372759 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="50372759"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 50372759, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_50372759", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_50372759 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 50372759; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_50372759"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_50372759 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="50372759"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 50372759; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=50372759]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_50372759").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_50372759").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="50372759"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="876" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Print_Culture">Print Culture</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="876" type="text/json">{"id":876,"name":"Print Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Print_Culture?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3891" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies">Orality-Literacy Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3891" type="text/json">{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16226" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materiality_Anthropology_">Materiality (Anthropology)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="16226" type="text/json">{"id":16226,"name":"Materiality (Anthropology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materiality_Anthropology_?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17486" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Printing_History">Printing History</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="17486" type="text/json">{"id":17486,"name":"Printing History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Printing_History?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=50372759]'), work: {"id":50372759,"title":"Vision, Worship, and the Transmutation of the Vedas into Sacred Scripture. The Publication of Bhagavān Vedaḥ in 1970","created_at":"2021-07-30T01:23:52.062-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/50372759/Vision_Worship_and_the_Transmutation_of_the_Vedas_into_Sacred_Scripture_The_Publication_of_Bhagav%C4%81n_Veda%E1%B8%A5_in_1970?f_ri=3891","dom_id":"work_50372759","summary":"This article discusses the first Indian compilation of the four Vedic Saṃhitās into a printed book in the year 1971 entitled “Bhagavān Vedaḥ.” This endeavor was the life’s mission of an udāsīn ascetic called Guru Gaṅgeśvarānand Mahārāj (1881–1992) who in the year 1968 founded the “Gaṅgeśvar Caturved Sansthān” in Bombay and appointed one of his main disciples, Svāmī Ānand Bhāskarānand, to oversee the publication of the book. His main motivation was to have a physical representation of the Vedas for Hindus to be able to have the darśana (auspicious sight) of the Vedas and worship them in book form. This contribution explores the institutions and individuals involved in the editorial work and its dissemination, and zooms into the processes that allowed for the transition from orality to print culture, and ultimately what it means when the Vedas are materialized into “the book of the Hindus.”","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":68387181,"asset_id":50372759,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":333831,"first_name":"Borayin","last_name":"Larios","domain_name":"univie","page_name":"BorayinLarios","display_name":"Borayin Larios","profile_url":"https://univie.academia.edu/BorayinLarios?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/333831/92618/148975953/s65_borayin.larios.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":876,"name":"Print Culture","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Print_Culture?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":16226,"name":"Materiality (Anthropology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Materiality_Anthropology_?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":17486,"name":"Printing History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Printing_History?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":93257,"name":"Hindu Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hindu_Studies?f_ri=3891"},{"id":339730,"name":"Vedas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vedas?f_ri=3891"},{"id":650639,"name":"Modern Hinduism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Modern_Hinduism?f_ri=3891"},{"id":4034174,"name":"bibliolatry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/bibliolatry?f_ri=3891"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_12166509" data-work_id="12166509" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12166509/La_autoridad_de_la_palabra_y_la_construcci%C3%B3n_de_sentido_de_la_historia_Oralidad_y_escritura_en_el_barrio_Villa_Javier_de_Bogot%C3%A1_a_principios_del_siglo_XX">La autoridad de la palabra y la construcción de sentido de la historia. Oralidad y escritura en el barrio Villa Javier de Bogotá a principios del siglo XX</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12166509" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9580dfbd2153e7c05284b93dd5bb5742" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":37468454,"asset_id":12166509,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37468454/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0Nzk4OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2816637" href="https://unal.academia.edu/OscarSalazar">Óscar I Salazar Arenas</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2816637" type="text/json">{"id":2816637,"first_name":"Óscar","last_name":"Salazar Arenas","domain_name":"unal","page_name":"OscarSalazar","display_name":"Óscar I Salazar Arenas","profile_url":"https://unal.academia.edu/OscarSalazar?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2816637/920055/147376331/s65__scar.salazar_arenas.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_12166509 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="12166509"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 12166509, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_12166509", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=12166509]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_12166509").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_12166509").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="12166509"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3891" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies">Orality-Literacy Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3891" type="text/json">{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="49244" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historia_Urbana">Historia Urbana</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="49244" type="text/json">{"id":49244,"name":"Historia Urbana","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historia_Urbana?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="73983" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Etnograf%C3%ADa">Etnografía</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="73983" type="text/json">{"id":73983,"name":"Etnografía","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Etnograf%C3%ADa?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="114566" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historia_Cultural">Historia Cultural</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="114566" type="text/json">{"id":114566,"name":"Historia Cultural","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historia_Cultural?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=12166509]'), work: {"id":12166509,"title":"La autoridad de la palabra y la construcción de sentido de la historia. Oralidad y escritura en el barrio Villa Javier de Bogotá a principios del siglo XX","created_at":"2015-04-30T08:15:27.733-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/12166509/La_autoridad_de_la_palabra_y_la_construcci%C3%B3n_de_sentido_de_la_historia_Oralidad_y_escritura_en_el_barrio_Villa_Javier_de_Bogot%C3%A1_a_principios_del_siglo_XX?f_ri=3891","dom_id":"work_12166509","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37468454,"asset_id":12166509,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2816637,"first_name":"Óscar","last_name":"Salazar Arenas","domain_name":"unal","page_name":"OscarSalazar","display_name":"Óscar I Salazar Arenas","profile_url":"https://unal.academia.edu/OscarSalazar?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2816637/920055/147376331/s65__scar.salazar_arenas.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":49244,"name":"Historia Urbana","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historia_Urbana?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":73983,"name":"Etnografía","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Etnograf%C3%ADa?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":114566,"name":"Historia Cultural","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Historia_Cultural?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":598653,"name":"Bogotá","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bogot%C3%A1?f_ri=3891"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_9781848" data-work_id="9781848" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9781848/La_oralidad_en_el_tercer_entorno_Oralidad_comunicaci%C3%B3n_audiovisual_y_comunicaci%C3%B3n_digital">La oralidad en el tercer entorno. Oralidad, comunicación audiovisual y comunicación digital</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Resumen: La comunicación simbólica y verbal es una de las raíces fundamentales de lo humano. La expresión oral ha sido el medio acústico en que se encarnó la palabra desde sus orígenes. La oralidad es un hecho central que ha acompañado a... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_9781848" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Resumen: La comunicación simbólica y verbal es una de las raíces fundamentales de lo humano. La expresión oral ha sido el medio acústico en que se encarnó la palabra desde sus orígenes. La oralidad es un hecho central que ha acompañado a los seres humanos desde sus inicios hasta la actualidad. Sin embargo, se ha ido transformando en el tiempo. Y nunca ha existido como sistema de comunicación único, sino que ha convivido, sistémicamente, con otras dinámicas de comunicación no oral. Subrayamos especialmente las interacciones y transformaciones de lo visual y lo auditivo cuando operan conjuntamente. <br />En esta reflexión se sostiene que, tras una primera oralidad que se extendió hasta el nacimiento de la escritura, y tras una segunda oralidad que ha convivido durante siglos con la escritura manuscrita y con la imprenta, se está gestando desde hace décadas una tercera oralidad, oralidad múltiple o multimodal, transoralidad, que corresponde al tercer entorno según los planteamientos de Javier Echeverría. En el nuevo escenario, lejos de decaer en importancia, está adquiriendo un nuevo protagonismo. Las investigaciones futuras deberán esbozar las características de la nueva oralidad, sus puntos fuertes y débiles, especialmente entre los nativos digitales. <br /> <br />Palabras-clave: Oralidad. Tercer entorno. Transmodernidad. Transhumanización. Transoralidad. Cultura digital.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/9781848" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5292b9a4f316a4ffe5b0ca5ee45ffe6e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":35958205,"asset_id":9781848,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/35958205/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0Nzk4OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1794531" href="https://us.academia.edu/ManuelAngelV%C3%A1zquezMedel">Manuel Angel Vázquez Medel</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1794531" type="text/json">{"id":1794531,"first_name":"Manuel Angel","last_name":"Vázquez Medel","domain_name":"us","page_name":"ManuelAngelVázquezMedel","display_name":"Manuel Angel Vázquez Medel","profile_url":"https://us.academia.edu/ManuelAngelV%C3%A1zquezMedel?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1794531/613547/7503608/s65_manuel_angel.v_zquez_medel.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_9781848 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="9781848"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 9781848, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_9781848", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_9781848 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9781848; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_9781848"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_9781848 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="9781848"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9781848; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=9781848]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_9781848").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_9781848").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="9781848"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="859" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Communication">Communication</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="859" type="text/json">{"id":859,"name":"Communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Communication?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1197" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Digital_Humanities">Digital Humanities</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1197" type="text/json">{"id":1197,"name":"Digital Humanities","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Digital_Humanities?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2418" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Literature">Literature</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2418" type="text/json">{"id":2418,"name":"Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Literature?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2869" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Digital_Media">Digital Media</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2869" type="text/json">{"id":2869,"name":"Digital Media","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Digital_Media?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=9781848]'), work: {"id":9781848,"title":"La oralidad en el tercer entorno. Oralidad, comunicación audiovisual y comunicación digital","created_at":"2014-12-15T10:02:52.696-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/9781848/La_oralidad_en_el_tercer_entorno_Oralidad_comunicaci%C3%B3n_audiovisual_y_comunicaci%C3%B3n_digital?f_ri=3891","dom_id":"work_9781848","summary":"Resumen: La comunicación simbólica y verbal es una de las raíces fundamentales de lo humano. La expresión oral ha sido el medio acústico en que se encarnó la palabra desde sus orígenes. La oralidad es un hecho central que ha acompañado a los seres humanos desde sus inicios hasta la actualidad. Sin embargo, se ha ido transformando en el tiempo. Y nunca ha existido como sistema de comunicación único, sino que ha convivido, sistémicamente, con otras dinámicas de comunicación no oral. Subrayamos especialmente las interacciones y transformaciones de lo visual y lo auditivo cuando operan conjuntamente.\r\nEn esta reflexión se sostiene que, tras una primera oralidad que se extendió hasta el nacimiento de la escritura, y tras una segunda oralidad que ha convivido durante siglos con la escritura manuscrita y con la imprenta, se está gestando desde hace décadas una tercera oralidad, oralidad múltiple o multimodal, transoralidad, que corresponde al tercer entorno según los planteamientos de Javier Echeverría. En el nuevo escenario, lejos de decaer en importancia, está adquiriendo un nuevo protagonismo. Las investigaciones futuras deberán esbozar las características de la nueva oralidad, sus puntos fuertes y débiles, especialmente entre los nativos digitales.\r\n\r\nPalabras-clave: Oralidad. Tercer entorno. Transmodernidad. Transhumanización. Transoralidad. Cultura digital.\r\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":35958205,"asset_id":9781848,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1794531,"first_name":"Manuel Angel","last_name":"Vázquez Medel","domain_name":"us","page_name":"ManuelAngelVázquezMedel","display_name":"Manuel Angel Vázquez Medel","profile_url":"https://us.academia.edu/ManuelAngelV%C3%A1zquezMedel?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1794531/613547/7503608/s65_manuel_angel.v_zquez_medel.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":859,"name":"Communication","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Communication?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":1197,"name":"Digital Humanities","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Digital_Humanities?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":2418,"name":"Literature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Literature?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":2869,"name":"Digital Media","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Digital_Media?f_ri=3891","nofollow":false},{"id":3455,"name":"Third Sector","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Third_Sector?f_ri=3891"},{"id":3891,"name":"Orality-Literacy Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Orality-Literacy_Studies?f_ri=3891"},{"id":9038,"name":"Digital Signal Processing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Digital_Signal_Processing?f_ri=3891"},{"id":11861,"name":"Transhumanism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transhumanism?f_ri=3891"},{"id":66362,"name":"Latin American cultural and literary theory. Postcolonial literary theory. Urban Studies. Memory and Modernity in Latinamerica. Transmodernity. Modernity and colonial world, the geopolitics of knowledge, border thinking. Film Cultural Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Latin_American_cultural_and_literary_theory._Postcolonial_literary_theory._Urban_Studies._Memory_and?f_ri=3891"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_43842548" data-work_id="43842548" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43842548/Review_of_Thigpen_Lynn_L_2020_Connected_Learning_how_adults_with_limited_formal_education_learn">Review of: Thigpen, Lynn, L., 2020, Connected Learning: how adults with limited formal education learn.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The author of this book, one soon discovers, is no impassionate researcher. Thigpen sheds tears during her interviews. She stands up emotionally for people who, as a result of not being able to read, identify themselves as shamed,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_43842548" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The author of this book, one soon discovers, is no impassionate researcher. Thigpen sheds tears during her interviews. She stands up emotionally for people who, as a result of not being able to read, identify themselves as shamed, degraded, left behind, ignorant, or poor. Her actions demonstrate her implicit advocacy: we should shed tears with the poor, for the poor. For her, getting connection with people is more important than other missiological methods, like good ways of telling stories. Connection trumps other missiological methodologies.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/43842548" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a5d33b97d3c17993570dbbe853a2a31a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":64162381,"asset_id":43842548,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64162381/download_file?st=MTczMjQ0Nzk4OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1177878" href="https://wciu.academia.edu/JimHarries">Jim Harries</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1177878" type="text/json">{"id":1177878,"first_name":"Jim","last_name":"Harries","domain_name":"wciu","page_name":"JimHarries","display_name":"Jim Harries","profile_url":"https://wciu.academia.edu/JimHarries?f_ri=3891","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1177878/2342870/157080128/s65_jim.harries.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_43842548 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="43842548"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 43842548, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_43842548", }); 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