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"https://www.academia.edu/login?post_login_redirect_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F959215%2FPreparation_in_vitro_characterization_pharmacokinetic_and_pharmacodynamic_evaluation_of_chitosan_based_plumbagin_microspheres_in_mice_bearing_B16F1_%3Fshow_translation%3Dtrue"; window.loswp.previewableAttachments = [{"id":51147421,"identifier":"Attachment_51147421","shouldShowBulkDownload":false}]; window.loswp.shouldDetectTimezone = true; window.loswp.shouldShowBulkDownload = true; window.loswp.showSignupCaptcha = false window.loswp.willEdgeCache = false; window.loswp.work = {"work":{"id":959215,"created_at":"2011-09-28T04:30:38.388-07:00","from_world_paper_id":3855932,"updated_at":"2025-02-01T19:07:00.738-08:00","_data":{"publisher":"informahealthcare.com","ai_title_tag":"Chitosan-Plumbagin Microspheres Enhance Tumor Efficacy","grobid_abstract":"The present study was aimed to evaluate the anti-tumor efficacy and systemic toxicity of chitosan-based plumbagin microspheres in comparison to free plumbagin. The optimized formulation had a mean particle size of 106.35 μm with an encapsulation efficiency of 80.12%. Pharmacokinetic studies showed a 22.2-fold increase in elimination half-life (t 1/2 ) of plumbagin from chitosan microspheres as compared to free plumbagin. Administration of plumbagin microspheres resulted in a significant tumor growth inhibition and reduced systemic toxicity. These results suggest that chitosan-based microspheres could be a promising strategy for the systemic delivery of anti-cancer agents like plumbagin.","publication_date":"2010,1,1","publication_name":"Drug …","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":"51147421"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":0,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Preparation, in vitro characterization, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic evaluation of chitosan-based plumbagin microspheres in mice bearing B16F1 …","broadcastable":false,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [197539]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "control"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loginModal = {}; window.loginModal.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon'; window.userInChina = "false";</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":51147421,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “Preparation, in vitro characterization, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic evaluation of chitosan-based plumbagin microspheres in mice bearing B16F1 …”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/51147421/mini_magick20190126-888-h5yoy9.png?1548515787" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/single_work_splash/adobe_icon.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">Preparation, in vitro characterization, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic evaluation of chitosan-based plumbagin microspheres in mice bearing B16F1 …</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="197539" href="https://manipal.academia.edu/KarthikArumugam"><img alt="Profile image of Karthik Arumugam" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/197539/115609925/104897828/s65_karthik.arumugam.jpeg" />Karthik Arumugam</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2010, Drug …</p><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">visibility</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm" id="work-metadata-view-count">…</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">description</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">12 pages</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">link</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">1 file</p></div></div><script>(async () => { const workId = 959215; 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if (!viewCountBody) { throw new Error('Failed to find work views element'); } viewCountBody.textContent = `${commaizedViewCount} views`; } catch (error) { // Remove the whole views element if there was some issue parsing. document.getElementById('work-metadata-view-count')?.parentNode?.remove(); throw new Error(`Failed to parse view count: ${viewCount}`, error); } }; // If the DOM is still loading, wait for it to be ready before updating the view count. if (document.readyState === "loading") { document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { updateViewCount(viewCount); }); // Otherwise, just update it immediately. } else { updateViewCount(viewCount); } })();</script></div><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">The present study was aimed to evaluate the anti-tumor efficacy and systemic toxicity of chitosan-based plumbagin microspheres in comparison to free plumbagin. The optimized formulation had a mean particle size of 106.35 μm with an encapsulation efficiency of 80.12%. Pharmacokinetic studies showed a 22.2-fold increase in elimination half-life (t 1/2 ) of plumbagin from chitosan microspheres as compared to free plumbagin. Administration of plumbagin microspheres resulted in a significant tumor growth inhibition and reduced systemic toxicity. These results suggest that chitosan-based microspheres could be a promising strategy for the systemic delivery of anti-cancer agents like plumbagin.</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":51147421,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/959215/Preparation_in_vitro_characterization_pharmacokinetic_and_pharmacodynamic_evaluation_of_chitosan_based_plumbagin_microspheres_in_mice_bearing_B16F1_"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":51147421,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/959215/Preparation_in_vitro_characterization_pharmacokinetic_and_pharmacodynamic_evaluation_of_chitosan_based_plumbagin_microspheres_in_mice_bearing_B16F1_"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger-container"><div class="ds-signup-banner-trigger ds-signup-banner-trigger-control"></div></div><div class="ds-signup-banner ds-signup-banner-control"><div id="ds-signup-banner-close-button"><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary ds2-5-button--inverse"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">close</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-ctas"><img src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/academia-logo-capital-white.svg" /><h4 class="ds2-5-heading-serif-sm">Sign up for access to the world's latest research</h4><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--inverse ds2-5-button--full-width js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"signup-banner"}">Sign up for free<span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">arrow_forward</span></button></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-divider"></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons"><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Get notified about relevant papers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Save papers to use in your research</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Join the discussion with peers</span></div><div class="ds-signup-banner-reasons-item"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 24px" translate="no">check</span><span>Track your impact</span></div></div></div><script>(() => { // Set up signup banner show/hide behavior: // 1. 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However, it has been well known that the application of PLB was limited owing to its water insolubility, instability and poor bioavailability. For decades, many attempts have been made to compensate for these disadvantages with the development of improved delivery platforms as the feasible approaches. This review aims to describe the various studies supporting the biopharmaceutical aspects of PLB. In addition, it includes a section devoted to discussing the challenges associated with the drug and strategies to improve the properties of PLB such as solubility, stability and bioavailability. Also, this paper summarizes the recent works on the design and development of novel delivery systems of PLB such as liposomes, niosomes, microsphares, nanoparticles, micelles, complexization, metal nanoparticles, crystals modification, etc., with the goal of harnessing the true difficulties of this multifunctional agent in the clinical arena.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Current development in novel drug delivery systems of bioactive molecule plumbagin","attachmentId":68726482,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/50853355/Current_development_in_novel_drug_delivery_systems_of_bioactive_molecule_plumbagin","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/50853355/Current_development_in_novel_drug_delivery_systems_of_bioactive_molecule_plumbagin"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="84103183" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/84103183/Emerging_role_of_plumbagin_Cytotoxic_potential_and_pharmaceutical_relevance_towards_cancer_therapy">Emerging role of plumbagin: Cytotoxic potential and pharmaceutical relevance towards cancer therapy</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="43988686" href="https://independent.academia.edu/munmunpanda">munmun panda</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Food and Chemical Toxicology, 2019</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Plumbagin is a naphthoquinone derived yellow crystalline phytochemical. Plumbagin has a wide range of biological effects including cytotoxicity against cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo. Due to the pleiotropic nature of plumbagin, it shows the anticancer effect by targeting several molecular mechanisms including apoptosis and autophagic pathways, cell cycle arrest, antiangiogenic pathways, anti-invasion and anti-metastasis pathways. Among many signaling pathways the key regulatory genes regulated by plumbagin are NF-kβ, STAT3, and AKT, etc. Plumbagin is also a potent inducer of ROS, suppressor of cellular glutathione, and causes DNA strand break by oxidative DNA base damages. In vivo studies suggested that plumbagin significantly reduces the tumor weight and volume in dose dependent manner without any side effects in tested model organisms. Another exciting aspect of plumbagin is the ability to resensitize the chemo and radioresistant cancer cells when used in combination or alone. Nano encapsulation of plumbagin overcomes the poor water solubility and bioavailability obstacles, enhancing the pharmaceutical relevance with better therapeutic efficacy. Moreover, plumbagin can be introduced as a future phytotherapeutic anticancer drug after fully satisfied preclinical and clinical trials.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Emerging role of plumbagin: Cytotoxic potential and pharmaceutical relevance towards cancer therapy","attachmentId":89239934,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/84103183/Emerging_role_of_plumbagin_Cytotoxic_potential_and_pharmaceutical_relevance_towards_cancer_therapy","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/84103183/Emerging_role_of_plumbagin_Cytotoxic_potential_and_pharmaceutical_relevance_towards_cancer_therapy"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="15197470" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/15197470/Recent_advances_on_chitosan_based_micro_and_nanoparticles_in_drug_delivery">Recent advances on chitosan-based micro- and nanoparticles in drug delivery</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="34256661" href="https://epa.academia.edu/MallikarjunaNadagouda">Mallikarjuna Nadagouda</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Controlled Release, 2004</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Considerable research efforts have been directed towards developing safe and efficient chitosan-based particulate drug delivery systems. The present review outlines the major new findings on the pharmaceutical applications of chitosan-based micro/nanoparticulate drug delivery systems published over the past decade. Methods of their preparation, drug loading, release characteristics, and applications are covered. Chemically modified chitosan or its derivatives used in drug delivery research are discussed critically to evaluate the usefulness of these systems in delivering the bioactive molecules. From a literature survey, it is realized that research activities on chitosan micro/nanoparticulate systems containing various drugs for different therapeutic applications have increased at the rapid rate. Hence, the present review is timely. D</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Recent advances on chitosan-based micro- and nanoparticles in drug delivery","attachmentId":43444478,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/15197470/Recent_advances_on_chitosan_based_micro_and_nanoparticles_in_drug_delivery","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/15197470/Recent_advances_on_chitosan_based_micro_and_nanoparticles_in_drug_delivery"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="106087175" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/106087175/Amelioration_of_Cancer_Employing_Chitosan_Its_Derivatives_and_Chitosan_Based_Nanoparticles_Recent_Updates">Amelioration of Cancer Employing Chitosan, Its Derivatives, and Chitosan-Based Nanoparticles: Recent Updates</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="68579395" href="https://independent.academia.edu/TVirmani">Tarun Virmani</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Polymers</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The limitations associated with the conventional treatment of cancer have necessitated the design and development of novel drug delivery systems based mainly on nanotechnology. These novel drug delivery systems include various kinds of nanoparticles, such as polymeric nanoparticles, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers, hydrogels, and polymeric micelles. Among the various kinds of novel drug delivery systems, chitosan-based nanoparticles have attracted the attention of researchers to treat cancer. Chitosan is a polycationic polymer generated from chitin with various characteristics such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, non-toxicity, and mucoadhesiveness, making it an ideal polymer to fabricate drug delivery systems. However, chitosan is poorly soluble in water and soluble in acidic aqueous solutions. Furthermore, owing to the presence of reactive amino groups, chitosan can be chemically modified to improve its physiochemical properties. Chitosan and its mod...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Amelioration of Cancer Employing Chitosan, Its Derivatives, and Chitosan-Based Nanoparticles: Recent Updates","attachmentId":105376987,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/106087175/Amelioration_of_Cancer_Employing_Chitosan_Its_Derivatives_and_Chitosan_Based_Nanoparticles_Recent_Updates","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/106087175/Amelioration_of_Cancer_Employing_Chitosan_Its_Derivatives_and_Chitosan_Based_Nanoparticles_Recent_Updates"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="22333930" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/22333930/Antitumour_Activity_of_Mitoxantrone_loaded_Chitosan_Microspheres_Against_Ehrlich_Ascites_Carcinoma">Antitumour Activity of Mitoxantrone-loaded Chitosan Microspheres Against Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="18965057" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JayakrishnanA3">Jayakrishnan A</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Glutaraldehyde cross-linked chitosan microspheres containing the antineoplastic agent mitoxantrone were prepared and the antitumour activity was evaluated against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma in mice by intraperitoneal injections. The tumour inhibitory effect was followed by monitoring animal survival time and change in body weight for a period of 60 days. While the mean survival time of animals which received 2 mg and 1 mg of free mitoxantrone intraperi-toneally was 2.1 and 4.6 days, respectively, animals which received 2 mg mitoxantrone via microspheres showed a mean survival time of 50 days. Five out of 8 animals treated using microspheres lived beyond 60 days. The percentage ratio mean survival time of the treated group divided by the mean survival time of the untreated group for animals treated using mitoxantrone-loaded chitosan microspheres containing 2 mg of the drug was 290 compared with 12.2 for those which received 2 mg of the free drug. The antitumour effect of mitoxantrone-loaded microspheres against Ehrlich ascites carcinoma was much higher than that of doxorubicin-loaded microspheres reported by previous workers. Our data demonstrate the potential of mitoxantrone-loaded chitosan microspheres for sustained drug delivery to minimize drug toxicity and maximize therapeutic efficacy.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Antitumour Activity of Mitoxantrone-loaded Chitosan Microspheres Against Ehrlich Ascites Carcinoma","attachmentId":42968099,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/22333930/Antitumour_Activity_of_Mitoxantrone_loaded_Chitosan_Microspheres_Against_Ehrlich_Ascites_Carcinoma","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/22333930/Antitumour_Activity_of_Mitoxantrone_loaded_Chitosan_Microspheres_Against_Ehrlich_Ascites_Carcinoma"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="116180100" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/116180100/Preparation_and_Characterization_of_Eudragit_Coated_Chitosan_Microspheres_of_Anticancer_Drug_for_Colon_Cancer">Preparation and Characterization of Eudragit Coated Chitosan Microspheres of Anticancer Drug for Colon Cancer</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="279540219" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MChitransh">Mayank Chitransh</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Drug Discovery and Therapeutics</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Carrier technology provides an interesting as well as an intelligent approach for the delivery of drug. It offers delivery of drug by coupling the drug to a carrier particle such as microspheres, mucoadhesive microspheres, nanoparticles, liposomes, etc. Mucoadhesive microspheres constitute an important part of this particulate drug delivery system because of their small size and other efficient properties. Mucoadhesive microspheres play a vital role in the novel drug delivery system. Some drug delivery problems are overcome by producing controlled drug delivery system which enhances the therapeutic efficacy of a drug. From various approaches one approach is to using mucoadhesive microsphere as a carrier system for drug delivery. Mucoadhesive microspheres exhibit a prolonged residence time at the site of application or absorption and facilitate an intimate contact with the underlying absorption surface and thus contribute to improved and better therapeutic performance of drugs and al...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Preparation and Characterization of Eudragit Coated Chitosan Microspheres of Anticancer Drug for Colon Cancer","attachmentId":112382431,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/116180100/Preparation_and_Characterization_of_Eudragit_Coated_Chitosan_Microspheres_of_Anticancer_Drug_for_Colon_Cancer","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/116180100/Preparation_and_Characterization_of_Eudragit_Coated_Chitosan_Microspheres_of_Anticancer_Drug_for_Colon_Cancer"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="118253638" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/118253638/Design_and_development_of_plumbagin_loaded_poly_%CE%B5_caprolactone_nanoparticles_for_improved_cytotoxicity">Design and development of plumbagin loaded poly (ε -caprolactone) nanoparticles for improved cytotoxicity</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="296297823" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MetkarSarika">Sarika Metkar</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2020</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Poly (e -caprolactone) nanoparticles were investigated as an injectable nanocarrier for the delivery of natural anticancer naphthoquinones plumbagin with the primary aim of improvement in its solubility, drug release profile and in vitro cytotoxicity. Plumbagin loaded polymeric nanoparticle system was fabricated by nanoprecipitation method and the composition was optimized using factorial design approach. Nanoparticles showed particle size and encapsulation efficiency of 186 ± 1 - 300 ± 3 nm and 65.00+ 1.50- 74.00+ 1.80% respectively. Optimization was carried out and optimized formulation showed sustained drug release over a period of 24 h. Total growth inhibition of cells in a designed time period (TGI) concentration was decreased by 56.95 % for PNP as compared to Plumbagin in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells indicates improved cytotoxicity of Plumbagin. The formulation development study proven that the developed PNP system exhibited improved solubility, sustained drug release, enha...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Design and development of plumbagin loaded poly (ε -caprolactone) nanoparticles for improved cytotoxicity","attachmentId":113923976,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/118253638/Design_and_development_of_plumbagin_loaded_poly_%CE%B5_caprolactone_nanoparticles_for_improved_cytotoxicity","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/118253638/Design_and_development_of_plumbagin_loaded_poly_%CE%B5_caprolactone_nanoparticles_for_improved_cytotoxicity"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="4426534" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4426534/Methotrexate_loaded_chitosan_and_chitin_microspheres_in_vitro_characterization_and_pharmacokinetics_in_mice_bearing_Ehrlich_ascites_carcinoma">Methotrexate loaded chitosan and chitin microspheres— in vitro characterization and pharmacokinetics in mice bearing Ehrlich ascites carcinoma</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="5436993" href="https://manipal.academia.edu/NayanabhiramaUdupa">Nayanabhirama Udupa</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Microencapsulation, 1998</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Methotrexate (MTX) loaded chitosan and chitin microspheres were prepared. T h e physicochemical characteristics were affected by various parameters, e.g. stirring speed, concentration of chitosan and chitin. T h e t112 for in vitro release varied depending on the concentration of chitosan and chitin and the amount of glutaraldehyde used. The antitumour activity in Ehrlich ascites tumour bearing mice for M T X loaded chitosan microspheres was better when compared with plane M T X on oral administration. The plasma drug levels were sustained.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Methotrexate loaded chitosan and chitin microspheres— in vitro characterization and pharmacokinetics in mice bearing Ehrlich ascites carcinoma","attachmentId":49868030,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/4426534/Methotrexate_loaded_chitosan_and_chitin_microspheres_in_vitro_characterization_and_pharmacokinetics_in_mice_bearing_Ehrlich_ascites_carcinoma","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/4426534/Methotrexate_loaded_chitosan_and_chitin_microspheres_in_vitro_characterization_and_pharmacokinetics_in_mice_bearing_Ehrlich_ascites_carcinoma"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="34231643" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34231643/CHITOSAN_NANOPARTICLE_FOR_DRUG_DELIVERY_A_MINI_REVIEW">CHITOSAN NANOPARTICLE FOR DRUG DELIVERY – A MINI REVIEW</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="67349063" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AkhilaRajan1">Akhila Rajan</a><span>, </span><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="6685142" href="https://saveethau.academia.edu/DrSTGopuKumar">Dr. S.T. Gopu Kumar</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Chitosan, a natural based-polymer obtained by alkaline deacetylation of chitin, is nontoxic, biocompatible, and biodegradable. These properties make chitosan a good candidate for the development of conventional and novel drug delivery systems. Their size allows them to be used orally, through mucosal routes and parenteral administration. Clinical investigations suggest that therapeutic nanoparticle can enhance efficacy and reduce side effects compared with conventional cancer therapeutic drugs. Their use as unique drug delivery systems will be a significant value to current cancer therapeutics. The present review paper includes published papers on chitosan Nanoparticle, methods of their preparation, drug loading, release characteristics, and applications. From literature survey, it is realized that research activities on chitosan nanoparticulate systems containing various drugs for different therapeutic applications have increased at a rapid rate.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"CHITOSAN NANOPARTICLE FOR DRUG DELIVERY – A MINI REVIEW","attachmentId":54146384,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/34231643/CHITOSAN_NANOPARTICLE_FOR_DRUG_DELIVERY_A_MINI_REVIEW","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/34231643/CHITOSAN_NANOPARTICLE_FOR_DRUG_DELIVERY_A_MINI_REVIEW"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":51147421,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":51147421,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_51147421" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. You can download the paper by clicking the button above.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sidebar--container js-work-sidebar"><div class="ds-related-content--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="8785719" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8785719/Cross_linked_chitosan_microspheres_as_carriers_for_prolonged_delivery_of_macromolecular_drugs">Cross-linked chitosan microspheres as carriers for prolonged delivery of macromolecular drugs</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="18965057" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JayakrishnanA3">Jayakrishnan A</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of 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class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="84832028" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/84832028/Extraction_and_encapsulation_of_prodigiosin_in_chitosan_microspheres_for_targeted_drug_delivery">Extraction and encapsulation of prodigiosin in chitosan microspheres for targeted drug delivery</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="616122" href="https://wpi.academia.edu/JohnObayemi">John D Obayemi</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Materials Science and Engineering: C, 2017</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Extraction and encapsulation of prodigiosin in chitosan microspheres for targeted drug delivery","attachmentId":89722076,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/84832028/Extraction_and_encapsulation_of_prodigiosin_in_chitosan_microspheres_for_targeted_drug_delivery","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/84832028/Extraction_and_encapsulation_of_prodigiosin_in_chitosan_microspheres_for_targeted_drug_delivery"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="59657516" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/59657516/Plumbagin_Loaded_Nanoemulsion_Drug_Delivery_Formulation_and_Evaluation_of_Antiproliferative_Effect_on_Prostate_Cancer_Cells">Plumbagin-Loaded Nanoemulsion Drug Delivery Formulation and Evaluation of Antiproliferative Effect on Prostate Cancer Cells</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="15972906" href="https://independent.academia.edu/GAELLERondeau">GAELLE Rondeau</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">BioMed Research International</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Plumbagin-Loaded Nanoemulsion Drug Delivery Formulation and Evaluation of Antiproliferative Effect on Prostate Cancer Cells","attachmentId":73467699,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/59657516/Plumbagin_Loaded_Nanoemulsion_Drug_Delivery_Formulation_and_Evaluation_of_Antiproliferative_Effect_on_Prostate_Cancer_Cells","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/59657516/Plumbagin_Loaded_Nanoemulsion_Drug_Delivery_Formulation_and_Evaluation_of_Antiproliferative_Effect_on_Prostate_Cancer_Cells"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" 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