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<ul id="toc-Raising_of_Lazarus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Narrative" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Narrative"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Narrative</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Narrative-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Interpretation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Interpretation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Interpretation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Interpretation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Theological_commentary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Theological_commentary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.1</span> <span>Theological commentary</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Theological_commentary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Narrative_criticism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Narrative_criticism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.2</span> <span>Narrative criticism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Narrative_criticism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tomb_of_Lazarus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tomb_of_Lazarus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Tomb of Lazarus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tomb_of_Lazarus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_traditions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_traditions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Other traditions</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Other_traditions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Other traditions subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Other_traditions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bishop_of_Kition" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bishop_of_Kition"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Bishop of Kition</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bishop_of_Kition-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bishop_of_Marseille" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bishop_of_Marseille"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Bishop of Marseille</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bishop_of_Marseille-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Liturgical_commemorations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liturgical_commemorations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Liturgical commemorations</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Liturgical_commemorations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Liturgical commemorations subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Liturgical_commemorations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Eastern_Orthodoxy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eastern_Orthodoxy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Eastern Orthodoxy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eastern_Orthodoxy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Roman_Catholicism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Roman_Catholicism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Roman Catholicism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Roman_Catholicism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Anglicanism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Anglicanism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Anglicanism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Anglicanism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lutheranism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lutheranism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Lutheranism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lutheranism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Conflation_with_the_beggar_Lazarus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Conflation_with_the_beggar_Lazarus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Conflation with the beggar Lazarus</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Conflation_with_the_beggar_Lazarus-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Conflation with the beggar Lazarus subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Conflation_with_the_beggar_Lazarus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Order_of_Saint_Lazarus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Order_of_Saint_Lazarus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Order of Saint Lazarus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Order_of_Saint_Lazarus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_Islam" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_Islam"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>In Islam</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_Islam-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lazarus_as_Babalu_Aye_in_Santería" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lazarus_as_Babalu_Aye_in_Santería"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Lazarus as Babalu Aye in Santería</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lazarus_as_Babalu_Aye_in_Santería-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Depictions_in_art" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Depictions_in_art"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Depictions in art</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Depictions_in_art-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cultural_references" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cultural_references"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Cultural references</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Cultural_references-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Cultural references subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Cultural_references-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-In_literature" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_literature"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>In literature</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_literature-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>In music</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>In popular culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Lazarus of Bethany</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 49 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-49" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">49 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lasarus_van_Betani%C3%AB" title="Lasarus van Betanië – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Lasarus van Betanië" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%AF%D9%8A%D8%B3_%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%B1" title="القديس لعازر – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="القديس لعازر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%BE%D1%82_%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Лазар от Витания – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Лазар от Витания" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ll%C3%A0tzer_de_Bet%C3%A0nia" title="Llàtzer de Betània – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Llàtzer de Betània" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lazar_z_Bet%C3%A1nie" title="Lazar z Betánie – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Lazar z Betánie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lazarus" title="Lazarus – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Lazarus" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lazarus" title="Lazarus – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Lazarus" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laatsarus_Betaaniast" title="Laatsarus Betaaniast – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Laatsarus Betaaniast" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%86%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%9B%CE%AC%CE%B6%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Άγιος Λάζαρος – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Άγιος Λάζαρος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A1zaro_de_Betania" title="Lázaro de Betania – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Lázaro de Betania" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lazaro_de_Betania" title="Lazaro de Betania – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Lazaro de Betania" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lazaro_Betaniakoa" title="Lazaro Betaniakoa – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Lazaro Betaniakoa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%B1" title="ایلعازر – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ایلعازر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lazare_de_B%C3%A9thanie" title="Lazare de Béthanie – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Lazare de Béthanie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lazarus_fan_Betani%C3%AB" title="Lazarus fan Betanië – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Lazarus fan Betanië" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A1zaro_de_Betania" title="Lázaro de Betania – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Lázaro de Betania" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B2%A0%ED%83%80%EB%8B%88%EC%95%84%EC%9D%98_%EB%9D%BC%EC%9E%90%EB%A1%9C" title="베타니아의 라자로 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="베타니아의 라자로" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%82%D5%A1%D5%A6%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%B8%D5%BD%D5%A8_%D4%B2%D5%A5%D5%A9%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D6%81" title="Ղազարոսը Բեթանիայից – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ղազարոսը Բեթանիայից" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lazar_iz_Betanije" title="Lazar iz Betanije – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Lazar iz Betanije" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lazarus" title="Lazarus – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Lazarus" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lazzaro_di_Betania" title="Lazzaro di Betania – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Lazzaro di Betania" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%96%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A1" title="לזרוס – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="לזרוס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lazaro_wa_Bethania" title="Lazaro wa Bethania – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Lazaro wa Bethania" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lozorius_i%C5%A1_Betanijos" title="Lozorius iš Betanijos – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Lozorius iš Betanijos" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82" title="Лазар Четвородневниот – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Лазар Четвородневниот" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lazar%C3%B4sy_avy_any_Betania" title="Lazarôsy avy any Betania – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Lazarôsy avy any Betania" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%B1" title="لعازر – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="لعازر" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%97%E1%80%B1%E1%80%9E%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B7%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B8_%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AC%E1%80%87%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AF" title="ဗေသနိမြို့သား လာဇရု – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဗေသနိမြို့သား လာဇရု" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lazarus_(Bijbel)" title="Lazarus (Bijbel) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Lazarus (Bijbel)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A9%E3%82%B6%E3%83%AD" title="ラザロ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ラザロ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lasarus" title="Lasarus – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Lasarus" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lasarus" title="Lasarus – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Lasarus" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayt-Aniyalik_Lazar" title="Bayt-Aniyalik Lazar – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Bayt-Aniyalik Lazar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%81azarz_(posta%C4%87_biblijna)" title="Łazarz (postać biblijna) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Łazarz (postać biblijna)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A1zaro" title="Lázaro – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Lázaro" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laz%C4%83r_din_Betania" title="Lazăr din Betania – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Lazăr din Betania" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C_%D0%B8%D0%B7_%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Лазарь из Вифании – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Лазарь из Вифании" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%EA%99%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8A" title="Лаꙁаръ – Church Slavic" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Лаꙁаръ" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="Church Slavic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Четвородневни Лазар – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Четвородневни Лазар" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lasarus" title="Lasarus – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Lasarus" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lasaros" title="Lasaros – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Lasaros" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D" title="பெத்தானியாவின் இலாசர் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பெத்தானியாவின் இலாசர்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5" title="ลาซารัสแห่งเบธานี – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ลาซารัสแห่งเบธานี" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beytanyal%C4%B1_Lazarus" title="Beytanyalı Lazarus – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Beytanyalı Lazarus" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%B7_%D0%92%D1%96%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%97" title="Лазар з Віфанії – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Лазар з Віфанії" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%AA_%D8%B9%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%81_%DA%A9%D8%A7_%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B2%D8%B1" title="بیت عنیاہ کا لعزر – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="بیت عنیاہ کا لعزر" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ladar%C3%B4_l%C3%A0ng_B%C3%AAtania" title="Ladarô làng Bêtania – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ladarô làng Bêtania" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Saint Lazare" redirects here. For places with the French name "Saint-Lazare", see <a href="/wiki/Saint-Lazare_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Saint-Lazare (disambiguation)">Saint-Lazare</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above n" style="font-size:125%;background-color:gold;"><div class="honorific-prefix" style="display:inline;font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Saint" title="Saint">Saint</a></div><br /><div style="display:inline;" class="fn">Lazarus of Bethany</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lazarus_Athens.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Lazarus_Athens.JPG/217px-Lazarus_Athens.JPG" decoding="async" width="217" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Lazarus_Athens.JPG/326px-Lazarus_Athens.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Lazarus_Athens.JPG/434px-Lazarus_Athens.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2968" data-file-height="2480" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Christ's <a href="/wiki/Raising_of_Lazarus" class="mw-redirect" title="Raising of Lazarus">raising of Lazarus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a>, 12–13th century</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:gold;">Four-days dead, friend of Christ</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">1st century AD</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Venerated in</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Eastern Orthodox Church</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Oriental_Orthodox_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Oriental Orthodox Church">Oriental Orthodox Church</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Communion" title="Anglican Communion">Anglican Communion</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Lutheran_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Lutheran Church">Lutheran Church</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Calendar_of_saints" title="Calendar of saints">Feast</a></th><td class="infobox-data"> <ul><li>Eastern Churches: <a href="/wiki/Lazarus_Saturday" title="Lazarus Saturday">Lazarus Saturday</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-ANASTASIS_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ANASTASIS-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/17_March_(Eastern_Orthodox_liturgics)" class="mw-redirect" title="17 March (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)">17 March</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-SYNAXLAZARUS_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SYNAXLAZARUS-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/17_October_(Eastern_Orthodox_liturgics)" class="mw-redirect" title="17 October (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)">17 October</a><sup id="cite_ref-LEIPSANA_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LEIPSANA-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Western Churches: 29 July</li></ul> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Saint_symbolism" title="Saint symbolism">Attributes</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Sometimes <a href="/wiki/Vestment" title="Vestment">vested</a> as an <a href="/wiki/Twelve_apostles" class="mw-redirect" title="Twelve apostles">apostle</a>, sometimes as a <a href="/wiki/Bishop" title="Bishop">bishop</a>. In the scene of his resurrection, he is portrayed tightly bound in mummified clothes, which resemble <a href="/wiki/Swaddling_bands" class="mw-redirect" title="Swaddling bands">swaddling bands</a>.</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Lazarus of Bethany</b> (Latinised from <a href="/wiki/Lazar_(name)" title="Lazar (name)">Lazar</a>, ultimately from <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a> <a href="/wiki/Eleazar" title="Eleazar">Eleazar</a>, "God helped") is a figure within the Christian <a href="/wiki/Bible" title="Bible">Bible</a>, mentioned in the <a href="/wiki/New_Testament" title="New Testament">New Testament</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Gospel_of_John" title="Gospel of John">Gospel of John</a>, whose life is restored by <a href="/wiki/Jesus" title="Jesus">Jesus</a> four days after his death. This is seen by Christians as one of the <a href="/wiki/Miracles_of_Jesus" title="Miracles of Jesus">miracles of Jesus</a>. In the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Eastern Orthodox Church</a>, Lazarus is <a href="/wiki/Veneration" title="Veneration">venerated</a> as <b>Righteous Lazarus, the Four-Days Dead</b>.<sup id="cite_ref-pravoru_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pravoru-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Eastern Orthodox and <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic</a> traditions offer varying accounts of the later events of his life. </p><p>In the context of the <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Signs" title="Book of Signs">seven signs in the Gospel of John</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Raising_of_Lazarus" class="mw-redirect" title="Raising of Lazarus">raising of Lazarus</a> at <a href="/wiki/Bethany" title="Bethany">Bethany</a> – today the town of <a href="/wiki/Al-Eizariya" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Eizariya">Al-Eizariya</a> in the <a href="/wiki/West_Bank" title="West Bank">West Bank</a>, which translates to "the place of Lazarus" – is the climactic narrative: exemplifying the power of Jesus "over the last and most irresistible enemy of humanity: <a href="/wiki/Death" title="Death">death</a>. For this reason, it is given a prominent place in the gospel."<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The name <i>Lazarus</i> is frequently used in science and popular culture in reference to apparent restoration to life; for example, the scientific term <a href="/wiki/Lazarus_taxon" title="Lazarus taxon">Lazarus taxon</a> denotes organisms that reappear in the fossil record after a period of apparent extinction, and also the <a href="/wiki/Lazarus_sign" title="Lazarus sign">Lazarus sign</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Lazarus_syndrome" title="Lazarus syndrome">Lazarus syndrome</a>. There are also numerous literary uses of the term. </p><p>A distinct character of the same name is also mentioned in the <a href="/wiki/Gospel_of_Luke" title="Gospel of Luke">Gospel of Luke</a> in Jesus' parable of the <a href="/wiki/Rich_man_and_Lazarus" title="Rich man and Lazarus">rich man and Lazarus</a>, in which both eponymous characters die, and the former begs for the latter to comfort him from his torments in hell. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Raising_of_Lazarus">Raising of Lazarus</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lazarus_of_Bethany&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Raising of Lazarus"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/The_Raising_of_Lazarus_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="The Raising of Lazarus (disambiguation)">The Raising of Lazarus (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%27The_Raising_of_Lazarus%27,_tempera_and_gold_on_panel_by_Duccio_di_Buoninsegna,_1310%E2%80%9311,_Kimbell_Art_Museum.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/%27The_Raising_of_Lazarus%27%2C_tempera_and_gold_on_panel_by_Duccio_di_Buoninsegna%2C_1310%E2%80%9311%2C_Kimbell_Art_Museum.jpg/270px-%27The_Raising_of_Lazarus%27%2C_tempera_and_gold_on_panel_by_Duccio_di_Buoninsegna%2C_1310%E2%80%9311%2C_Kimbell_Art_Museum.jpg" decoding="async" width="270" height="254" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/%27The_Raising_of_Lazarus%27%2C_tempera_and_gold_on_panel_by_Duccio_di_Buoninsegna%2C_1310%E2%80%9311%2C_Kimbell_Art_Museum.jpg/405px-%27The_Raising_of_Lazarus%27%2C_tempera_and_gold_on_panel_by_Duccio_di_Buoninsegna%2C_1310%E2%80%9311%2C_Kimbell_Art_Museum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/%27The_Raising_of_Lazarus%27%2C_tempera_and_gold_on_panel_by_Duccio_di_Buoninsegna%2C_1310%E2%80%9311%2C_Kimbell_Art_Museum.jpg/540px-%27The_Raising_of_Lazarus%27%2C_tempera_and_gold_on_panel_by_Duccio_di_Buoninsegna%2C_1310%E2%80%9311%2C_Kimbell_Art_Museum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="564" /></a><figcaption><i>The Raising of Lazarus</i>, by <a href="/wiki/Duccio" title="Duccio">Duccio</a>, 1310–11</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>raising of Lazarus</b> is a story of the <a href="/wiki/Miracles_of_Jesus" title="Miracles of Jesus">miracle of Jesus</a> recounted in the <a href="/wiki/Gospel_of_John" title="Gospel of John">Gospel of John</a> (<a href="/wiki/John_11" title="John 11">John 11</a>:1–44) in the <a href="/wiki/New_Testament" title="New Testament">New Testament</a>, as well as in the <a href="/wiki/Secret_Gospel_of_Mark" title="Secret Gospel of Mark">Secret Gospel of Mark</a> (a fragment of an extended version of the <a href="/wiki/Gospel_of_Mark" title="Gospel of Mark">Gospel of Mark</a>) in which Jesus raises Lazarus of Bethany from the dead four days after his entombment.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The event took place at Bethany. In John, this is the last of the miracles that Jesus performs before the <a href="/wiki/Passion_of_Jesus" title="Passion of Jesus">passion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crucifixion_of_Jesus" title="Crucifixion of Jesus">crucifixion</a> and his own <a href="/wiki/Resurrection_of_Jesus" title="Resurrection of Jesus">resurrection</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Narrative">Narrative</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lazarus_of_Bethany&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Narrative"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The biblical narrative of the raising of Lazarus is found in chapter 11 of the Gospel of John.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A certain Lazarus, who lives in the town of Bethany near <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a>, is introduced as a follower of Jesus.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He is identified as the brother of the sisters <a href="/wiki/Mary_of_Bethany" title="Mary of Bethany">Mary</a> and <a href="/wiki/Martha" title="Martha">Martha</a>. The sisters send word to Jesus that Lazarus, "he whom thou lovest," is ill.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Jesus tells his followers: "This sickness will not end in death. No, it is for God's glory so that <a href="/wiki/Son_of_God" title="Son of God">God's Son</a> may be glorified through it." Instead of immediately traveling to Bethany, according to the narrator, Jesus intentionally remains where he is for two more days before beginning the journey. The disciples are afraid of returning to <a href="/wiki/Judea" title="Judea">Judea</a>, but Jesus says: "Our friend Lazarus is asleep, but I am going to awaken him." When the apostles misunderstand, he clarifies, "Lazarus is dead, and for your sake I am glad I was not there, so that you may believe." </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sebastiano_del_Piombo,_The_Raising_of_Lazarus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Sebastiano_del_Piombo%2C_The_Raising_of_Lazarus.jpg/220px-Sebastiano_del_Piombo%2C_The_Raising_of_Lazarus.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="292" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Sebastiano_del_Piombo%2C_The_Raising_of_Lazarus.jpg/330px-Sebastiano_del_Piombo%2C_The_Raising_of_Lazarus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Sebastiano_del_Piombo%2C_The_Raising_of_Lazarus.jpg/440px-Sebastiano_del_Piombo%2C_The_Raising_of_Lazarus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2919" data-file-height="3874" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/The_Raising_of_Lazarus_(Sebastiano_del_Piombo)" title="The Raising of Lazarus (Sebastiano del Piombo)"><i>The Raising of Lazarus</i></a>, Oil on canvas, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1517–1519</span>, <a href="/wiki/Sebastiano_del_Piombo" title="Sebastiano del Piombo">Sebastiano del Piombo</a> (<a href="/wiki/National_Gallery" title="National Gallery">National Gallery</a>, <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>)</figcaption></figure> <p>When Jesus arrives in Bethany, he finds that Lazarus is dead and has already been in his tomb for four days. He meets first with Martha and Mary in turn. Martha laments that Jesus did not arrive soon enough to heal her brother ("if you had been here, my brother would not have died") and Jesus replies with the well-known statement, "I am the resurrection, and the life: he that believeth in me, though he were dead, yet shall he live: And whosoever liveth and believeth in me shall never die."<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Martha affirms that she does truly believe and states, "Yes, Lord. I believe that you are the Messiah, the Son of God, who has to come into the world." Later the narrator here gives the famous simple phrase, "<a href="/wiki/Jesus_wept" title="Jesus wept">Jesus wept</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:S._Apollinare_Nuovo_Resurr_Lazzaro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/S._Apollinare_Nuovo_Resurr_Lazzaro.jpg/170px-S._Apollinare_Nuovo_Resurr_Lazzaro.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="233" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/S._Apollinare_Nuovo_Resurr_Lazzaro.jpg/255px-S._Apollinare_Nuovo_Resurr_Lazzaro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/S._Apollinare_Nuovo_Resurr_Lazzaro.jpg/340px-S._Apollinare_Nuovo_Resurr_Lazzaro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="490" data-file-height="673" /></a><figcaption><i>Raising of Lazarus</i>, 6th-century, mosaic, church of <a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_Sant%27Apollinare_Nuovo" title="Basilica of Sant'Apollinare Nuovo">Sant'Apollinare Nuovo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ravenna" title="Ravenna">Ravenna</a>, Italy</figcaption></figure> <p>In the presence of a crowd of Jewish mourners, Jesus comes to the tomb. Jesus asks for the stone of the tomb to be removed, but Martha interjects that there will be a smell. Jesus responds, "Did I not tell you that if you believed, you would see the glory of God?" Over the objections of Martha, Jesus has them roll the stone away from the entrance to the tomb and says a prayer. They take the stone away then Jesus looks up and says: "<a href="/wiki/God_the_Father" title="God the Father">Father</a>, I thank you that you have heard me. I know that you always hear me, but I said this for the benefit of the people standing here, that they may believe that you sent me." He then calls Lazarus to come out ("Lazarus, come forth!") and Lazarus does so, still wrapped in his grave-cloths. Jesus then calls for someone to remove the grave-cloths, and let him go. </p><p>The narrative ends with the statement that many of the witnesses to this event "believed in him". Others are said to report the events to the religious authorities in Jerusalem. </p><p>The Gospel of John mentions Lazarus again in chapter 12. Six days before the <a href="/wiki/Passover" title="Passover">Passover</a> on which Jesus is <a href="/wiki/Crucifixion_of_Jesus" title="Crucifixion of Jesus">crucified</a>, Jesus returns to Bethany and Lazarus attends a supper that Martha, his sister, serves.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Jesus and Lazarus together attract the attention of many Jews and the narrator states that the chief priests consider having Lazarus put to death because so many people are believing in Jesus on account of this miracle.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The miracle of the raising of Lazarus, the longest coherent narrative in John aside from the <a href="/wiki/Passion_of_Jesus" title="Passion of Jesus">Passion</a>, is the culmination of John's "signs". It explains the crowds seeking Jesus on <a href="/wiki/Palm_Sunday" title="Palm Sunday">Palm Sunday</a>, and leads directly to the decision of <a href="/wiki/Caiaphas" title="Caiaphas">Caiaphas</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Sanhedrin" title="Sanhedrin">Sanhedrin</a> to kill Jesus. </p><p>A resurrection story that is very similar is also found in the controversial <a href="/wiki/Secret_Gospel_of_Mark" title="Secret Gospel of Mark">Secret Gospel of Mark</a>, although the young man is not named there specifically. Some scholars believe that the Secret Mark version represents an earlier form of the canonical story found in John.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Interpretation">Interpretation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lazarus_of_Bethany&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Interpretation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Theological_commentary">Theological commentary</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lazarus_of_Bethany&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Theological commentary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The miracle of the raising of Lazarus is the climax of John's "<a href="/wiki/Book_of_Signs" title="Book of Signs">signs</a>". It explains the crowds seeking Jesus on <a href="/wiki/Palm_Sunday" title="Palm Sunday">Palm Sunday</a>, and leads directly to the decision of <a href="/wiki/Caiaphas" title="Caiaphas">Caiaphas</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Sanhedrin" title="Sanhedrin">Sanhedrin</a> to plan to kill Jesus. Theologians Moloney and Harrington view the raising of Lazarus as a "pivotal miracle" which starts the chain of events that leads to the <a href="/wiki/Crucifixion_of_Jesus" title="Crucifixion of Jesus">Crucifixion of Jesus</a>. They consider it as a "resurrection that will lead to death", in that the raising of Lazarus will lead to the death of Jesus, the <a href="/wiki/Son_of_God" title="Son of God">Son of God</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_in_Christianity" title="Jerusalem in Christianity">Jerusalem</a> which will reveal the Glory of God.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_raising_of_Lazarus_-_Peter_Paul_Rubens.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/The_raising_of_Lazarus_-_Peter_Paul_Rubens.jpg/220px-The_raising_of_Lazarus_-_Peter_Paul_Rubens.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="242" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/The_raising_of_Lazarus_-_Peter_Paul_Rubens.jpg/330px-The_raising_of_Lazarus_-_Peter_Paul_Rubens.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/The_raising_of_Lazarus_-_Peter_Paul_Rubens.jpg/440px-The_raising_of_Lazarus_-_Peter_Paul_Rubens.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5276" data-file-height="5798" /></a><figcaption><i>The raising of Lazarus</i>, by <a href="/wiki/Peter_Paul_Rubens" title="Peter Paul Rubens">Rubens</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The <i><a href="/wiki/Catechism_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Catechism of the Catholic Church">Catechism of the Catholic Church</a></i> states that the miracle performed by Jesus returned Lazarus to ordinary earthly life as with the <a href="/wiki/Raising_of_the_son_of_the_widow_of_Nain" title="Raising of the son of the widow of Nain">son of the widow of Nain</a> and <a href="/wiki/Raising_of_Jairus%27_daughter" title="Raising of Jairus' daughter">Jairus' daughter</a> and that Lazarus and the others who were raised from the dead would later die again.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Russian_Orthodox_Church" title="Russian Orthodox Church">Russian Orthodox Church</a>'s <i>Catechism of St. <a href="/wiki/Philaret_Drozdov" title="Philaret Drozdov">Philaret</a></i> writes that among the miracles performed by Jesus was the raising of Lazarus from the dead on the fourth day after Lazarus' death.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the <a href="/wiki/Southern_Baptist_Convention" title="Southern Baptist Convention">Southern Baptist Convention</a>'s 2014 resolution <i>On the Sufficiency of Scripture Regarding the Afterlife</i>, the raising of Lazarus is noted among the Bible's "explicit accounts of persons raised from the dead", and comments on those raisings that, "in God's perfect revelatory wisdom, He has not given us any report of their individual experience in the afterlife".<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/John_Calvin" title="John Calvin">John Calvin</a> notes that, "not only did Christ give a remarkable proof of his Divine power in raising Lazarus, but he likewise placed before our eyes a lively image of our <a href="/wiki/Universal_resurrection" title="Universal resurrection">future resurrection</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> French Protestant minister <a href="/wiki/Jakob_Abbadie" title="Jakob Abbadie">Jakob Abbadie</a> wrote that Jesus had intentionally delayed his return to Bethany for, "four days, that it might not be said, he [<i>Lazarus</i>] was not really dead."<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2008, <a href="/wiki/Pope_Benedict_XVI" title="Pope Benedict XVI">Pope Benedict XVI</a> said that the Gospel story of the raising of Lazarus, "shows Christ's absolute power over life and death and reveals His nature as true man and true God" and that "Jesus' lordship over death does not prevent him from showing sincere compassion over the pain of this separation."<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Poole" title="Matthew Poole">Matthew Poole</a> and others saw Lazarus' ability to move despite having his hands and feet wrapped together as a second miracle, but <a href="/wiki/Charles_Ellicott" title="Charles Ellicott">Charles Ellicott</a> disputed that Lazarus' movement would have been restricted by his burial garments.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Justus_Knecht" title="Justus Knecht">Justus Knecht</a> wrote that the object of this miracle related to the fact that, "the time of our Lord's Passion and Death was at hand, and He wrought this mighty miracle beforehand in order that the faith of His disciples, and more especially of His apostles, might be strengthened, and 'that they might believe' and not doubt when they saw their Lord and Master in the hour of His abasement; and most of all to enable them to hope, when they saw His Body laid in the sepulchre, that He who had raised up Lazarus would Himself rise again."<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Roger_Baxter" title="Roger Baxter">Roger Baxter</a>'s <i>Meditations</i> he reflects on the verse "His sisters therefore sent to Him saying, Lord, behold he whom Thou lovest is sick.", writing that "they do not prescribe to Him what they wish Him to do; to a loving friend it is sufficient to intimate our necessities. Such ought to be the nature of our prayers, particularly in regard to health and other temporal blessings, for we do not know in such cases what is expedient for our salvation."<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Narrative_criticism">Narrative criticism</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lazarus_of_Bethany&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Narrative criticism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Composition_of_John_11_and_12.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Composition_of_John_11_and_12.png/350px-Composition_of_John_11_and_12.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Composition_of_John_11_and_12.png/525px-Composition_of_John_11_and_12.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Composition_of_John_11_and_12.png/700px-Composition_of_John_11_and_12.png 2x" data-file-width="1438" data-file-height="764" /></a><figcaption>New Testament scholars have sought to explain how the story of Lazarus was probably composed.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Biblical_studies" title="Biblical studies">New Testament scholars</a> try to establish how John's narrative of the raising of Lazarus and the subsequent feet-<a href="/wiki/Anointing_of_Jesus" title="Anointing of Jesus">anointing of Jesus</a> by <a href="/wiki/Mary_of_Bethany" title="Mary of Bethany">Mary of Bethany</a> (John 11:1–12:11,17) was composed by <a href="/wiki/Narrative_criticism" title="Narrative criticism">seeking to explain</a> its apparent relationships with the older textual traditions of the <a href="/wiki/Synoptic_Gospels" title="Synoptic Gospels">Synoptic Gospels</a> (<a href="/wiki/Gospel_of_Mark" title="Gospel of Mark">Mark</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gospel_of_Matthew" title="Gospel of Matthew">Matthew</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Gospel_of_Luke" title="Gospel of Luke">Luke</a>). The <a href="/wiki/Authorship_of_the_Johannine_works#Gospel_of_John" title="Authorship of the Johannine works">author of John</a> may have combined elements from several – apparently originally unrelated – stories into a single narrative. These include the unnamed woman's head-anointing of Jesus in Bethany (<a href="/wiki/Mark_14" title="Mark 14">Mark 14</a>, <a href="/wiki/Matthew_26" title="Matthew 26">Matthew 26</a>), the sinful woman's feet-anointing (and hair-wiping) of Jesus in <a href="/wiki/Galilee" title="Galilee">Galilee</a> (<a href="/wiki/Luke_7" title="Luke 7">Luke 7</a>; these first two may have a common origin, the Lukan account likely being derived from Mark), <a href="/wiki/Jesus_at_the_home_of_Martha_and_Mary" title="Jesus at the home of Martha and Mary">Jesus' visit to Martha and Mary in the unnamed Galilean village</a> (<a href="/wiki/Luke_10" title="Luke 10">Luke 10</a>), Jesus' parable of the <a href="/wiki/Rich_man_and_Lazarus" title="Rich man and Lazarus">rich man and Lazarus</a> (<a href="/wiki/Luke_16" title="Luke 16">Luke 16</a>), and possibly others involving Jesus' miraculous raising of the dead (the <a href="/wiki/Raising_of_Jairus%27_daughter" title="Raising of Jairus' daughter">raising of Jairus' daughter</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Raising_of_the_son_of_the_widow_of_Nain" title="Raising of the son of the widow of Nain">raising of the son of the widow of Nain</a>). Meanwhile, other elements were removed or replaced; for example, <a href="/wiki/Simon_the_Leper" title="Simon the Leper">Simon the Leper</a>/<a href="/wiki/Simon_the_Pharisee" title="Simon the Pharisee">Simon the Pharisee</a> was replaced by Lazarus as the host of the feast in Jesus' honour, and Bethany in <a href="/wiki/Judea" title="Judea">Judea</a> was chosen as the setting, while most elements of John's narrative correspond to traditions that the Synoptics set in Galilee. Scholars pay particular attention to verse John 11:2 (and verse John 11:1), which may represent an effort by the author or a <a href="/wiki/Redaction" title="Redaction">later redactor</a> to stress a connection between these stories that is, however, not found in the older canonical gospels.<sup id="cite_ref-Esler_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Esler-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They further note that the actual anointing will not be narrated until verse 12:3, and that neither Mary, nor Martha, nor the village of these sisters, nor any anointing is mentioned in the Gospel of John before this point, suggesting that the author (or redactor) assumes the readers already have knowledge of these characters, this location and this event, and wants to tell them that these were connected (which he apparently knew the readers did not commonly know/believe yet) long before giving the readers more details.<sup id="cite_ref-verse_2_Commentaries_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-verse_2_Commentaries-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Esler_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Esler-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Elser and Piper (2006) posited that verse 11:2 is evidence that the author of the Gospel of John deliberately mixed up several traditions in an 'audacious attempt (...) to rework the collective memory of the Christ-movement.' The author did not strive to give a historically accurate account of what had happened, but instead, for theological purposes, combined various existing narratives in order to construct Lazarus, Mary and Martha of Bethany as a prototypical Christian family, whose example is to be followed by Christians.<sup id="cite_ref-Esler_28-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Esler-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Zangenberg (2023), however, doubts that John 11 was dependent on the other synoptic stories, finding the evidence for this theory insufficient. He also argues that John displays an accurate knowledge of Jewish burial customs at the time, as attested by archaeology and ancient Jewish texts.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Earlier commentators include <a href="/wiki/Deism" title="Deism">deist</a> <a href="/wiki/Lysander_Spooner" title="Lysander Spooner">Lysander Spooner</a>, who wrote in 1836 that it was unusual that the Synoptic Gospels (Matthew, Mark and Luke) do not mention the miracle of the raising of Lazarus, which seems as if it could have been a demonstration of the miraculous powers of Jesus. The Synoptic Gospels do include passages concerning the activities of the sisters of Lazarus but fail to mention their brother's resurrection. Spooner wrote that this seemed to indicate that the author of the Gospel of John, "was actually dishonest, or that he took up, believed and recorded a flying story, which an occurrence of some kind had given rise to, but which was without any foundation in truth."<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1892, <a href="/wiki/Agnosticism" title="Agnosticism">agnostic</a> speaker <a href="/wiki/Robert_G._Ingersoll" title="Robert G. Ingersoll">Robert G. Ingersoll</a> found the narrative historically implausible, writing that, if Lazarus had in fact died, potentially participating in an <a href="/wiki/Afterlife" title="Afterlife">afterlife</a>, and then subsequently had been resurrected, the experiences Lazarus could have shared with others would likely have been more interesting than everything else in the New Testament, would have drawn widespread attention to Lazarus during his lifetime and might have made him less afraid than others that did not have his experience when Lazarus approached death for a second time.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Exegesis" title="Exegesis">Exegesis</a> in the <i><a href="/wiki/Interpreter%27s_Bible_series" title="Interpreter's Bible series">Interpreter's Bible</a></i> (1953) comparing the raising of Lazarus to other resurrections in the Bible comments that, "The difference between revival immediately after death, and resurrection after four days, is so great as to raise doubts about the historicity of this story, especially in view of the unimaginable details in vs. 44. Yet there are features in this story which have the marks of verisimilitude."<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other scholars posit that the events leading to Jesus's death in Synoptic Gospels were based on an early account, before the Gospel of Mark was written, in which many characters are anonymous because they were still living and would be subject to persecution, whereas John's account of the same events was written much later and could name the anonymous characters and could also include the raising of Lazarus because all of the individuals had died, and were no longer subject to persecution.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tomb_of_Lazarus">Tomb of Lazarus</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lazarus_of_Bethany&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Tomb of Lazarus"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lazarus_Bethany.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Lazarus_Bethany.JPG/250px-Lazarus_Bethany.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Lazarus_Bethany.JPG/375px-Lazarus_Bethany.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Lazarus_Bethany.JPG/500px-Lazarus_Bethany.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Reputed tomb of Lazarus in al-Eizariya</figcaption></figure> <p>The reputed first <a href="/wiki/Tomb_of_Lazarus" title="Tomb of Lazarus">tomb of Lazarus</a> is in Bethany and continues to be a place of <a href="/wiki/Pilgrimage" title="Pilgrimage">pilgrimage</a> to this day. Several Christian <a href="/wiki/Church_(building)" title="Church (building)">churches</a> have existed at the site over the centuries. Since the 16th century, the site of the tomb has been occupied by the al-Uzair Mosque. The adjacent <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Roman Catholic</a> Church of Saint Lazarus, designed by <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Barluzzi" title="Antonio Barluzzi">Antonio Barluzzi</a> and built between 1952 and 1955 under the auspices of the <a href="/wiki/Franciscans" title="Franciscans">Franciscan Order</a>, stands upon the site of several much older ones. In 1965, a <a href="/wiki/Greek_Orthodox_Church" title="Greek Orthodox Church">Greek Orthodox</a> church was built just west of the tomb. </p><p>The entrance to the tomb today is via a flight of uneven rock-cut steps from the street. As it was described in 1896, there were twenty-four steps from the then-modern street level, leading to a square chamber serving as a place of prayer, from which more steps led to a lower chamber believed to be the tomb of Lazarus.<sup id="cite_ref-Modern_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Modern-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The same description applies today.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Sacred_Destinations_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sacred_Destinations-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first mention of a church at Bethany is in the late 4th century, but both the historian <a href="/wiki/Eusebius" title="Eusebius">Eusebius of Caesarea</a><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (c. 330) and the <a href="/wiki/Itinerarium_Burdigalense" title="Itinerarium Burdigalense">Bordeaux pilgrim</a> do mention the <a href="/wiki/Tomb" title="Tomb">tomb</a> of Lazarus. In 390 <a href="/wiki/Jerome" title="Jerome">Jerome</a> mentions a church dedicated to Saint Lazarus, called the <i>Lazarium</i>. This is confirmed by the pilgrim <a href="/wiki/Egeria_(pilgrim)" title="Egeria (pilgrim)">Egeria</a> in about the year 410. Therefore, the church is thought to have been built between 333 and 390.<sup id="cite_ref-Franciscan_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Franciscan-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The present-day gardens contain the remnants of a mosaic floor from the 4th-century church.<sup id="cite_ref-Shahinp332_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shahinp332-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Lazarium was destroyed by an earthquake in the 6th century, and was replaced by a larger church. This church survived intact until the <a href="/wiki/Crusades" title="Crusades">Crusader</a> era. </p><p>In 1143 the existing structure and lands were purchased by <a href="/wiki/Fulk,_King_of_Jerusalem" title="Fulk, King of Jerusalem">King Fulk</a> and Queen <a href="/wiki/Melisende,_Queen_of_Jerusalem" title="Melisende, Queen of Jerusalem">Melisende of Jerusalem</a> and a large <a href="/wiki/Benedictines" title="Benedictines">Benedictine</a> convent dedicated to Mary and Martha was built near the tomb of Lazarus. After the <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Jerusalem_(1187)" title="Siege of Jerusalem (1187)">fall of Jerusalem</a> in 1187, the convent was deserted and fell into ruin with only the tomb and barrel vaulting surviving. By 1384, a simple <a href="/wiki/Mosque" title="Mosque">mosque</a> had been built on the site.<sup id="cite_ref-Sacred_Destinations_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sacred_Destinations-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 16th century, the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottomans</a> built the larger al-Uzair Mosque to serve the town's (now Muslim) inhabitants and named it in honor of the town's patron saint, Lazarus of Bethany.<sup id="cite_ref-Shahinp332_43-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shahinp332-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Lazarus_Tomb_Bethany.ogv/220px--Lazarus_Tomb_Bethany.ogv.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="124" data-durationhint="193" data-mwtitle="Lazarus_Tomb_Bethany.ogv" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Lazarus_Tomb_Bethany.ogv"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a1/Lazarus_Tomb_Bethany.ogv/Lazarus_Tomb_Bethany.ogv.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="854" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a1/Lazarus_Tomb_Bethany.ogv/Lazarus_Tomb_Bethany.ogv.720p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="720p.vp9.webm" data-width="1280" data-height="720" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a1/Lazarus_Tomb_Bethany.ogv" type="video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"" data-width="1280" data-height="720" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a1/Lazarus_Tomb_Bethany.ogv/Lazarus_Tomb_Bethany.ogv.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="256" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a1/Lazarus_Tomb_Bethany.ogv/Lazarus_Tomb_Bethany.ogv.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="426" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a1/Lazarus_Tomb_Bethany.ogv/Lazarus_Tomb_Bethany.ogv.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a1/Lazarus_Tomb_Bethany.ogv/Lazarus_Tomb_Bethany.ogv.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /></video></span><figcaption>Lazarus' tomb, Bethany</figcaption></figure> <p>According to the <i><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia" title="Catholic Encyclopedia">Catholic Encyclopedia</a></i> of 1913, there were scholars who questioned the reputed site of the ancient village (though this was discounted by the Encyclopedia's author): </p> <blockquote><p>Some believe that the present village of Bethany does not occupy the site of the ancient village; but that it grew up around the traditional cave which they suppose to have been at some distance from the house of Martha and Mary in the village; Zanecchia (La Palestine d'aujourd'hui, 1899, I, 445ff.) places the site of the ancient village of Bethany higher up on the southeastern slope of the Mount of Olives, not far from the accepted site of Bethphage, and near that of the Ascension. It is quite certain that the present village formed about the traditional tomb of Lazarus, which is in a cave in the village. The identification of this cave as the tomb of Lazarus is merely possible; it has no strong intrinsic or extrinsic authority. The site of the ancient village may not precisely coincide with the present one, but there is every reason to believe that it was in this general location."<sup id="cite_ref-CathEncy_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CathEncy-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_traditions">Other traditions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lazarus_of_Bethany&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Other traditions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>While there is no further mention of Lazarus in the Bible, the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Eastern Orthodox</a> and <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Roman Catholic</a> traditions offer varying accounts of the later events of his life. He is most commonly associated with <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a>, where he is said to have become the first <a href="/wiki/Bishop" title="Bishop">bishop</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kition" title="Kition">Kition</a> (Larnaka), and <a href="/wiki/Provence" title="Provence">Provence</a>, where he is said to have been the first <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Marseille" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Marseille">bishop of Marseille</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bishop_of_Kition">Bishop of Kition</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lazarus_of_Bethany&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Bishop of Kition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cyprus-lazarus-church_hg.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Cyprus-lazarus-church_hg.jpg/230px-Cyprus-lazarus-church_hg.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Cyprus-lazarus-church_hg.jpg/345px-Cyprus-lazarus-church_hg.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Cyprus-lazarus-church_hg.jpg/460px-Cyprus-lazarus-church_hg.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Saint_Lazarus,_Larnaca" title="Church of Saint Lazarus, Larnaca">Church of Saint Lazarus, Larnaca</a></figcaption></figure> <p>According to <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Eastern Orthodox Church</a> tradition, sometime after the <a href="/wiki/Resurrection_of_Jesus" title="Resurrection of Jesus">Resurrection of Christ</a>, Lazarus was forced to flee <a href="/wiki/Judea" title="Judea">Judea</a> because of rumoured plots on his life and came to <a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus">Cyprus</a>. There he was appointed by <a href="/wiki/Barnabas" title="Barnabas">Barnabas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Paul_the_Apostle" title="Paul the Apostle">Paul the Apostle</a> as the first <a href="/wiki/Bishop" title="Bishop">bishop</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kition" title="Kition">Kition</a> (present-day Larnaka). He lived there for thirty more years,<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and on his death was buried there for the second and last time.<sup id="cite_ref-Michaelides_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Michaelides-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Further establishing the apostolic nature of Lazarus' appointment was the story that the bishop's <a href="/wiki/Omophorion" title="Omophorion">omophorion</a> was presented to Lazarus by the Virgin Mary, who had woven it herself. Such apostolic connections were central to the claims to <a href="/wiki/Autocephaly" title="Autocephaly">autocephaly</a> made by the bishops of Kition—subject to the <a href="/wiki/Greek_Orthodox_Patriarch_of_Jerusalem" title="Greek Orthodox Patriarch of Jerusalem">patriarch of Jerusalem</a>—during the period 325–431. The church of Kition was declared self-governing in 431 AD at the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Ephesus" title="Council of Ephesus">Third Ecumenical Council</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to tradition, Lazarus never smiled during the thirty years after his resurrection, worried by the sight of unredeemed souls he had seen during his four-day stay in Hell. The only exception was, when he saw someone stealing a pot, he smilingly said: <i>"the clay steals the clay."</i><sup id="cite_ref-ANASTASIS_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ANASTASIS-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Michaelides_46-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Michaelides-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 890, a tomb was found in Larnaca bearing the inscription <i>"Lazarus the friend of Christ"</i>. <a href="/wiki/Leo_VI_the_Wise" title="Leo VI the Wise">Emperor Leo VI</a> of <a href="/wiki/Byzantium" title="Byzantium">Byzantium</a> had Lazarus' <a href="/wiki/Relic" title="Relic">remains</a> <a href="/wiki/Translation_(relics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Translation (relics)">transferred</a> to <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a> in 898. The transfer was <a href="/wiki/Apostrophized" class="mw-redirect" title="Apostrophized">apostrophized</a> by Arethas, <a href="/wiki/Caesarea_Maritima" title="Caesarea Maritima">bishop of Caesarea</a>, and is commemorated by the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Eastern Orthodox Church</a> each year on <a href="/wiki/17_October_(Eastern_Orthodox_liturgics)" class="mw-redirect" title="17 October (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)">17 October</a>. </p><p>In recompense to Larnaca, Emperor Leo had the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Ayios_Lazaros,_Larnaca" class="mw-redirect" title="Church of Ayios Lazaros, Larnaca">Church of St. Lazarus</a>, which still exists today, erected over Lazarus' tomb. The marble sarcophagus can be seen inside the church under the Holy of Holies.<sup id="cite_ref-Michaelides_46-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Michaelides-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 16th century, a Russian monk from the <a href="/wiki/Pskov-Caves_Monastery" title="Pskov-Caves Monastery">Monastery of Pskov</a> visited Lazarus's tomb in Larnaca and took with him a small piece of the relics. Perhaps that piece led to the erection of the St. Lazarus chapel at the Pskov Monastery (<a href="/wiki/Yelizarov_Convent" title="Yelizarov Convent">Spaso-Eleazar Monastery, Pskov</a>),<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> where it is kept today.<sup id="cite_ref-visitcyprus_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-visitcyprus-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In November 1972, human remains in a marble sarcophagus were discovered under the altar, during renovation works in the church of <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Saint_Lazarus,_Larnaca" title="Church of Saint Lazarus, Larnaca">Church of St. Lazarus</a> at Larnaka, and were identified as part of the saint's relics.<sup id="cite_ref-visitcyprus_49-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-visitcyprus-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 2012 the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Cyprus" title="Church of Cyprus">Church of Cyprus</a> gave a part of the <a href="/wiki/Relic" title="Relic">holy relics</a> of Saint Lazarus to a delegation of the Russian Orthodox Church, led by Patriarch <a href="/wiki/Patriarch_Kirill_of_Moscow" title="Patriarch Kirill of Moscow">Kirill of Moscow and All Russia</a>, after a four-day visit to Cyprus. The relics were brought to Moscow and were given to Archbishop Arseniy of Istra, who took them to the <a href="/wiki/Conception_Convent" title="Conception Convent">Zachatievsky monastery</a> (Conception Convent), where they were put up for veneration.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bishop_of_Marseille">Bishop of Marseille</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lazarus_of_Bethany&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Bishop of Marseille"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Autun_cathedrale.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Autun_cathedrale.jpg/200px-Autun_cathedrale.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="263" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Autun_cathedrale.jpg/300px-Autun_cathedrale.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Autun_cathedrale.jpg/400px-Autun_cathedrale.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1518" data-file-height="1994" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Autun_Cathedral" title="Autun Cathedral">Autun Cathedral</a> (<i>Cathédrale Saint-Lazare d'Autun</i>), <a href="/wiki/Autun" title="Autun">Autun</a>, France, also said to be built over the tomb of Lazarus</figcaption></figure> <p>In the West, according to an alternative medieval tradition (centered in <a href="/wiki/Provence" title="Provence">Provence</a>), Lazarus, Mary, and Martha were "put out to sea by the Jews hostile to Christianity in a vessel without sails, oars, or helm, and after a miraculous voyage landed in Provence at a place called today the <a href="/wiki/Saintes-Maries-de-la-Mer" title="Saintes-Maries-de-la-Mer">Saintes-Maries</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-CathEncy_44-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CathEncy-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The family is then said to separate and go in different parts of southeastern <a href="/wiki/Gaul" title="Gaul">Gaul</a> to preach; Lazarus goes to <a href="/wiki/Marseille" title="Marseille">Marseille</a>. Converting many people to Christianity there, he becomes the first <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Marseille" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Marseille">Bishop of Marseille</a>. During the persecution of <a href="/wiki/Domitian" title="Domitian">Domitian</a>, he is imprisoned and beheaded in a cave beneath the prison Saint-Lazare. His body is later translated to <a href="/wiki/Autun" title="Autun">Autun</a>, where he is buried in the <a href="/wiki/Autun_Cathedral" title="Autun Cathedral">Autun Cathedral</a>, dedicated to Lazarus as <i>Saint Lazare</i>. However, the inhabitants of Marseille claim to be in possession of his head which they still venerate.<sup id="cite_ref-CathEncy_44-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CathEncy-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pilgrims also visit another purported tomb of Lazarus at the <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A9zelay_Abbey" title="Vézelay Abbey">Vézelay Abbey</a> in <a href="/wiki/Burgundy" title="Burgundy">Burgundy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Abbey of the Trinity at <a href="/wiki/Vend%C3%B4me" title="Vendôme">Vendôme</a> was said to hold a <a href="/wiki/Relic" title="Relic">tear shed by Jesus</a> at the tomb of Lazarus.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <i><a href="/wiki/Golden_Legend" title="Golden Legend">Golden Legend</a></i>, compiled in the 13th century, records the Provençal tradition. It also records a grand lifestyle imagined for Lazarus and his sisters (note that therein <a href="/wiki/Mary_of_Bethany" title="Mary of Bethany">Lazarus' sister Mary</a> is identified with <a href="/wiki/Mary_Magdalene" title="Mary Magdalene">Mary Magdalene</a>): </p> <blockquote><p>Mary Magdalene had her surname of Magdalo, a castle, and was born of right noble lineage and parents, which were descended of the lineage of kings. And her father was named Cyrus, and her mother Eucharis. She with her brother Lazarus, and her sister Martha, possessed the castle of Magdalo, which is two miles from Nazareth, and Bethany, the castle which is nigh to Jerusalem, and also a great part of Jerusalem, which, all these things they departed among them. In such wise that Mary had the castle Magdalo, whereof she had her name Magdalene. And Lazarus had the part of the city of Jerusalem, and Martha had to her part Bethany. And when Mary gave herself to all delights of the body, and Lazarus entended all to knighthood, Martha, which was wise, governed nobly her brother's part and also her sister's, and also her own, and administered to knights, and her servants, and to poor men, such necessities as they needed. Nevertheless, after the ascension of our Lord, they sold all these things.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>The 15th-century poet <a href="/wiki/Georges_Chastellain" title="Georges Chastellain">Georges Chastellain</a> draws on the tradition of the unsmiling Lazarus:<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "He whom God raised, doing him such grace, the thief, Mary's brother, thereafter had naught but misery and painful thoughts, fearing what he should have to pass". (<i>Le pas de la mort</i>, VI<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Liturgical_commemorations">Liturgical commemorations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lazarus_of_Bethany&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Liturgical commemorations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Johannes_Wierix_-_The_raising_of_Lazarus.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Johannes_Wierix_-_The_raising_of_Lazarus.JPG/220px-Johannes_Wierix_-_The_raising_of_Lazarus.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Johannes_Wierix_-_The_raising_of_Lazarus.JPG/330px-Johannes_Wierix_-_The_raising_of_Lazarus.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Johannes_Wierix_-_The_raising_of_Lazarus.JPG/440px-Johannes_Wierix_-_The_raising_of_Lazarus.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1610" data-file-height="1299" /></a><figcaption><i>The raising of Lazarus</i> by <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Wierix" title="Johannes Wierix">Johannes Wierix</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Lazarus is honored as a <a href="/wiki/Saint" title="Saint">saint</a> by those Christian churches which keep the commemoration of saints, although on different days, according to local traditions. </p><p>In Christian funerals the idea of the deceased being raised by the Lord as Lazarus was raised is often expressed in prayer. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Eastern_Orthodoxy">Eastern Orthodoxy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lazarus_of_Bethany&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Eastern Orthodoxy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Eastern Orthodox Church</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Catholic_Churches" title="Eastern Catholic Churches">Byzantine Catholic Church</a> commemorate Lazarus on <a href="/wiki/Lazarus_Saturday" title="Lazarus Saturday">Lazarus Saturday</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-ANASTASIS_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ANASTASIS-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the day before <a href="/wiki/Palm_Sunday" title="Palm Sunday">Palm Sunday</a>, which is a <a href="/wiki/Moveable_feast" title="Moveable feast">moveable feast</a> day. This day, together with Palm Sunday, hold a unique position in the church year, as days of joy and triumph between the penitence of <a href="/wiki/Great_Lent" title="Great Lent">Great Lent</a> and the mourning of <a href="/wiki/Holy_Week" title="Holy Week">Holy Week</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the preceding week, the hymns in the <a href="/wiki/Triodion" title="Triodion">Lenten Triodion</a> track the sickness and then the death of Lazarus, and Christ's journey from beyond <a href="/wiki/Jordan_River" title="Jordan River">Jordan</a> to Bethany. The scripture readings and hymns for Lazarus Saturday focus on the resurrection of Lazarus as a foreshadowing of the <a href="/wiki/Resurrection_of_Jesus" title="Resurrection of Jesus">Resurrection of Christ</a>, and a promise of the <a href="/wiki/Universal_resurrection" title="Universal resurrection">General Resurrection</a>. The Gospel narrative is interpreted in the hymns as illustrating the <a href="/wiki/Christology" title="Christology">two natures</a> of Christ: his <i>humanity</i> in asking, "Where have ye laid him?",<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and his <i>divinity</i> by commanding Lazarus to come forth from the dead.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%A1%D0%B2%D1%98%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%98%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%83%D1%98%D0%B5_%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D0%B7_%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B5,_%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%A1%D0%B2._%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5,_%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D1%98%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%98%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%83%D1%98%D0%B5_%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D0%B7_%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B5%2C_%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%A1%D0%B2._%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%2C_%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4.jpg/220px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="302" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D1%98%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%98%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%83%D1%98%D0%B5_%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D0%B7_%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B5%2C_%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%A1%D0%B2._%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%2C_%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4.jpg/330px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/%D0%A1%D0%B2%D1%98%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%98%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%83%D1%98%D0%B5_%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%B8%D0%B7_%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B5%2C_%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%A1%D0%B2._%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%2C_%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4.jpg/440px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1359" data-file-height="1866" /></a><figcaption><i>Lazarus</i>, mosaic in <a href="/wiki/Belgrade,_Serbia" class="mw-redirect" title="Belgrade, Serbia">Belgrade, Serbia</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Many of the resurrectional hymns of the normal Sunday service which are omitted on Palm Sunday are chanted on Lazarus Saturday. During the <a href="/wiki/Divine_Liturgy" title="Divine Liturgy">Divine Liturgy</a>, the Baptismal Hymn, <i>"As many as have been baptized into Christ have put on Christ"</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is sung in place of the <a href="/wiki/Trisagion" title="Trisagion">Trisagion</a>. Although the forty days of Great Lent end on the day before Lazarus Saturday, the day is still observed as a fast; however, it is somewhat mitigated. In Russia, it is traditional to eat <a href="/wiki/Caviar" title="Caviar">caviar</a> on Lazarus Saturday. </p><p>Lazarus is also commemorated on the liturgical calendar of the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Eastern Orthodox Church</a> on the fixed feast day of <a href="/wiki/17_March_(Eastern_Orthodox_liturgics)" class="mw-redirect" title="17 March (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)">17 March</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-SYNAXLAZARUS_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SYNAXLAZARUS-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while the <a href="/wiki/Translation_(relic)" title="Translation (relic)">translation</a> of his <a href="/wiki/Relic" title="Relic">relics</a> from <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Cyprus" title="Church of Cyprus">Cyprus</a> to Constantinople in the year 898 AD<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is observed on <a href="/wiki/17_October_(Eastern_Orthodox_liturgics)" class="mw-redirect" title="17 October (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)">17 October</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-LEIPSANA_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LEIPSANA-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NIKOLAJ_62-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIKOLAJ-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Roman_Catholicism">Roman Catholicism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lazarus_of_Bethany&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Roman Catholicism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On the <a href="/wiki/General_Roman_Calendar" title="General Roman Calendar">General Roman Calendar</a>, Lazarus is celebrated, together with his sister Mary of Bethany and their sister Martha, on a <a href="/wiki/Memorial_(liturgy)" title="Memorial (liturgy)">memorial</a> on 29 July.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Earlier editions of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Martyrology" title="Roman Martyrology">Roman Martyrology</a> placed him among the saints of 17 December.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Cuba, the celebration of <i>San Lázaro</i> on 17 December is a major festival. The date is celebrated with a pilgrimage to a chapel housing an image of Saint Lazarus, one of Cuba's most sacred icons, in the village of El Rincon, outside <a href="/wiki/Havana" title="Havana">Havana</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-SACKCLOTH_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SACKCLOTH-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Anglicanism">Anglicanism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lazarus_of_Bethany&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Anglicanism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lazarus is commemorated in the Calendars of some Anglican provinces. Lazarus is <a href="/wiki/Calendar_of_saints_(Church_of_England)" title="Calendar of saints (Church of England)">remembered</a> (with <a href="/wiki/Martha" title="Martha">Martha</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mary_of_Bethany" title="Mary of Bethany">Mary</a>) under the title "Mary, Martha, and Lazarus, Companions of Our Lord", on 29 July<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_England" title="Church of England">Church of England</a> with a <a href="/wiki/Lesser_Festival_(Anglicanism)" title="Lesser Festival (Anglicanism)">Lesser Festival</a><sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and as such is provided with proper lectionary readings and collect. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lutheranism">Lutheranism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lazarus_of_Bethany&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Lutheranism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lazarus is commemorated in the <a href="/wiki/Calendar_of_saints_(Lutheran)" title="Calendar of saints (Lutheran)">Calendar of Saints</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Lutheranism" title="Lutheranism">Lutheran Church</a> on 29 July together with <a href="/wiki/Mary_of_Bethany" title="Mary of Bethany">Mary</a> and <a href="/wiki/Martha" title="Martha">Martha</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Conflation_with_the_beggar_Lazarus">Conflation with the beggar Lazarus</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lazarus_of_Bethany&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Conflation with the beggar Lazarus"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Rich_man_and_Lazarus" title="Rich man and Lazarus">Rich man and Lazarus</a></div> <p>The name "Lazarus" also appears in the <a href="/wiki/Gospel_of_Luke" title="Gospel of Luke">Gospel of Luke</a> in the story of Lazarus and Dives, which is attributed to Jesus.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also called "Dives and Lazarus", or "The Rich Man and the Beggar Lazarus", the narrative tells of the relationship (in life and in death) between an unnamed rich man and a poor beggar named Lazarus. In Hell, the dead rich man calls to <a href="/wiki/Abraham" title="Abraham">Abraham</a> in Heaven to send Lazarus from his side to warn the rich man's family from sharing his fate. Abraham replies, "If they do not listen to <a href="/wiki/Moses" title="Moses">Moses</a> and the Prophets, they will not be convinced even if someone rises from the dead."<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Historically within Christianity, the begging Lazarus of the parable (feast day 21 June) and Lazarus of Bethany (feast day 17 December) have sometimes been conflated, with both being depicted in iconography with sores and crutches.<sup id="cite_ref-FOLK_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOLK-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Romanesque_art" title="Romanesque art">Romanesque</a> iconography carved on portals in <a href="/wiki/Burgundy" title="Burgundy">Burgundy</a> and Provence might be indicative of such a conflation. For example, at the west portal of the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_St._Trophime,_Arles" title="Church of St. Trophime, Arles">Church of St. Trophime</a> at <a href="/wiki/Arles" title="Arles">Arles</a>, the beggar Lazarus is enthroned as Saint Lazarus. Similar examples are found at the church at <a href="/wiki/Avallon" title="Avallon">Avallon</a>, the central portal at <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A9zelay" title="Vézelay">Vézelay</a>, and the portals of the <a href="/wiki/Autun_Cathedral" title="Autun Cathedral">cathedral of Autun</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Order_of_Saint_Lazarus">Order of Saint Lazarus</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lazarus_of_Bethany&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Order of Saint Lazarus"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Saint_Lazarus" title="Order of Saint Lazarus">Order of Saint Lazarus</a></div> <p>The Order of Saint Lazarus of Jerusalem is an <a href="/wiki/Order_of_chivalry" title="Order of chivalry">order of chivalry</a> that originated in a <a href="/wiki/Leprosy" title="Leprosy">leper</a> hospital founded by <a href="/wiki/Knights_Hospitaller" title="Knights Hospitaller">Knights Hospitaller</a> in the 12th century by <a href="/wiki/Crusades" title="Crusades">Crusaders</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Jerusalem" title="Kingdom of Jerusalem">Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem</a>. Sufferers of leprosy regarded the beggar <a href="/wiki/Rich_man_and_Lazarus" title="Rich man and Lazarus">Lazarus</a> (of Luke 16:19-31) as their patron saint and usually dedicated their hospices to him.<sup id="cite_ref-OSLJ_76-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OSLJ-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_Islam">In Islam</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lazarus_of_Bethany&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: In Islam"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lazarus also appeared in medieval Islamic tradition, in which he was honored as a pious companion of Jesus. Although the <a href="/wiki/Quran" title="Quran">Quran</a> mentions no figure named Lazarus, among the miracles with which it credits <a href="/wiki/Jesus" title="Jesus">Jesus</a> includes the raising of people from the dead (<a href="/wiki/Al-Imran" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Imran">QS. Al-Imran [3]</a>:49). Muslim lore frequently detailed these miraculous narratives of Jesus, but mentioned Lazarus only occasionally. <a href="/wiki/Al-Tabari" title="Al-Tabari">Al-Ṭabarī</a>, for example, in his <i>Taʾrīk̲h̲</i> talks of these miracles in general.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Al-Tha%27labi" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Tha'labi">Al-T̲h̲aʿlabī</a>, however, related, closely following the <a href="/wiki/Gospel_of_John" title="Gospel of John">Gospel of John</a>: "Lazarus [<i>Al-ʿĀzir</i>] died, his sister sent to inform Jesus, Jesus came three (in the Gospel, four) days after his death, went with his sister to the tomb in the rock and caused Lazarus to arise; children were born to him".<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Similarly, in <a href="/wiki/Ali_ibn_al-Athir" class="mw-redirect" title="Ali ibn al-Athir">Ibn al-At̲h̲īr</a>, the resurrected man is called "ʿĀzir", which is another Arabic rendering of "Lazarus".<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lazarus_as_Babalu_Aye_in_Santería"><span id="Lazarus_as_Babalu_Aye_in_Santer.C3.ADa"></span>Lazarus as Babalu Aye in Santería</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lazarus_of_Bethany&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Lazarus as Babalu Aye in Santería"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Via <a href="/wiki/Syncretism" title="Syncretism">syncretism</a>, Lazarus (or more precisely the conflation of the two figures named "Lazarus") has become an important figure in <a href="/wiki/Santer%C3%ADa" title="Santería">Santería</a> as the Yoruba deity <a href="/wiki/Babal%C3%BA-Ay%C3%A9" title="Babalú-Ayé">Babalu Aye</a>. Like the beggar of the Christian Gospel of Luke, Babalu-Aye represents someone covered with sores licked by dogs who was healed by divine intervention.<sup id="cite_ref-SACKCLOTH_69-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SACKCLOTH-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-PHILOMUSE_80-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PHILOMUSE-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Silver charms known as the crutch of St. Lazarus or standard <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Roman Catholic</a>-style medals of St. Lazarus are worn as <a href="/wiki/Amulet" title="Amulet">talismans</a> to invoke the aid of the syncretized deity in cases of medical suffering, particularly for people with <a href="/wiki/HIV/AIDS" title="HIV/AIDS">AIDS</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-PHILOMUSE_80-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PHILOMUSE-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Santería, the date associated with Saint Lazarus is 17 December,<sup id="cite_ref-SACKCLOTH_69-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SACKCLOTH-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> despite Santería's reliance on the <a href="/wiki/Iconography" title="Iconography">iconography</a> associated with the begging saint whose feast day is 21 June.<sup id="cite_ref-FOLK_74-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOLK-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Depictions_in_art">Depictions in art</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lazarus_of_Bethany&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Depictions in art"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The raising of Lazarus is a popular subject in religious art.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two of the most famous paintings are those of <a href="/wiki/The_Raising_of_Lazarus_(Caravaggio)" title="The Raising of Lazarus (Caravaggio)">Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1609</span>)</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Raising_of_Lazarus_(Sebastiano_del_Piombo)" title="The Raising of Lazarus (Sebastiano del Piombo)">Sebastiano del Piombo (1516)</a>. Among other prominent depictions of Lazarus are works by <a href="/wiki/Rembrandt" title="Rembrandt">Rembrandt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vincent_van_Gogh" title="Vincent van Gogh">Van Gogh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ivor_Williams" title="Ivor Williams">Ivor Williams</a>, and <i>Lazarus Breaking His Fast</i> by <a href="/wiki/Walter_Sickert" title="Walter Sickert">Walter Sickert</a>. </p><p>The Raising of Lazarus is one of the most popular artistic themes in the <a href="/wiki/Catacombs_of_Rome" title="Catacombs of Rome">Catacombs of Rome</a> including examples from the 2nd century.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerycaption">Depictions of the Resurrection of Lazarus in art</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sarcophagus_relief_-_Daniel_in_the_Lions_Den;_the_Raising_of_Lazarus.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Early Christian sarcophagus relief: Daniel in the Lions' Den and the Raising of Lazarus"><img alt="Early Christian sarcophagus relief: Daniel in the Lions' Den and the Raising of Lazarus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Sarcophagus_relief_-_Daniel_in_the_Lions_Den%3B_the_Raising_of_Lazarus.jpg/120px-Sarcophagus_relief_-_Daniel_in_the_Lions_Den%3B_the_Raising_of_Lazarus.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="77" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Sarcophagus_relief_-_Daniel_in_the_Lions_Den%3B_the_Raising_of_Lazarus.jpg/180px-Sarcophagus_relief_-_Daniel_in_the_Lions_Den%3B_the_Raising_of_Lazarus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Sarcophagus_relief_-_Daniel_in_the_Lions_Den%3B_the_Raising_of_Lazarus.jpg/240px-Sarcophagus_relief_-_Daniel_in_the_Lions_Den%3B_the_Raising_of_Lazarus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3012" data-file-height="1945" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Early Christian sarcophagus relief: <a href="/wiki/Daniel_in_the_Lions%27_Den" class="mw-redirect" title="Daniel in the Lions' Den">Daniel in the Lions' Den</a> and the Raising of Lazarus</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%92%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8F.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Resurrection of Lazarus, Byzantine icon, late 14th – early 15th century, (From the Collection of G. Gamon-Gumun, Russian museum)"><img alt="The Resurrection of Lazarus, Byzantine icon, late 14th – early 15th century, (From the Collection of G. Gamon-Gumun, Russian museum)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/%D0%92%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8F.jpg/120px-%D0%92%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8F.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/%D0%92%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8F.jpg/180px-%D0%92%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8F.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/%D0%92%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8F.jpg/240px-%D0%92%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%9B%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8F.jpg 2x" data-file-width="828" data-file-height="1025" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>The Resurrection of Lazarus</i>, <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_art" title="Byzantine art">Byzantine icon</a>, late 14th – early 15th century, (From the Collection of G. Gamon-Gumun, Russian museum)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lazarus,_Russian_icon.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Resurrection of Lazarus, Russian icon, 15th century, Novgorod school (State Russian Museum, Saint Petersburg)"><img alt="The Resurrection of Lazarus, Russian icon, 15th century, Novgorod school (State Russian Museum, Saint Petersburg)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Lazarus%2C_Russian_icon.jpg/119px-Lazarus%2C_Russian_icon.jpg" decoding="async" width="119" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Lazarus%2C_Russian_icon.jpg/178px-Lazarus%2C_Russian_icon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Lazarus%2C_Russian_icon.jpg/238px-Lazarus%2C_Russian_icon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="2521" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>The Resurrection of Lazarus</i>, <a href="/wiki/Russian_icon" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian icon">Russian icon</a>, 15th century, <a href="/wiki/Novgorod_school" title="Novgorod school">Novgorod school</a> (<a href="/wiki/State_Russian_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="State Russian Museum">State Russian Museum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Saint Petersburg</a>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sebastiano_del_Piombo,_The_Raising_of_Lazarus.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Raising of Lazarus, Oil on canvas, c. 1517–1519, Sebastiano del Piombo (National Gallery, London)"><img alt="The Raising of Lazarus, Oil on canvas, c. 1517–1519, Sebastiano del Piombo (National Gallery, London)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Sebastiano_del_Piombo%2C_The_Raising_of_Lazarus.jpg/113px-Sebastiano_del_Piombo%2C_The_Raising_of_Lazarus.jpg" decoding="async" width="113" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Sebastiano_del_Piombo%2C_The_Raising_of_Lazarus.jpg/169px-Sebastiano_del_Piombo%2C_The_Raising_of_Lazarus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Sebastiano_del_Piombo%2C_The_Raising_of_Lazarus.jpg/226px-Sebastiano_del_Piombo%2C_The_Raising_of_Lazarus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2919" data-file-height="3874" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/The_Raising_of_Lazarus_(Sebastiano_del_Piombo)" title="The Raising of Lazarus (Sebastiano del Piombo)"><i>The Raising of Lazarus</i></a>, Oil on canvas, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1517–1519</span>, <a href="/wiki/Sebastiano_del_Piombo" title="Sebastiano del Piombo">Sebastiano del Piombo</a> (<a href="/wiki/National_Gallery_(London)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Gallery (London)">National Gallery</a>, <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Michelangelo_Caravaggio_006.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Raising of Lazarus, Oil on canvas, c. 1609, Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio (Museo Regionale, Messina)"><img alt="The Raising of Lazarus, Oil on canvas, c. 1609, Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio (Museo Regionale, Messina)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Michelangelo_Caravaggio_006.jpg/109px-Michelangelo_Caravaggio_006.jpg" decoding="async" width="109" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Michelangelo_Caravaggio_006.jpg/164px-Michelangelo_Caravaggio_006.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Michelangelo_Caravaggio_006.jpg/219px-Michelangelo_Caravaggio_006.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1362" data-file-height="1865" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/The_Raising_of_Lazarus_(Caravaggio)" title="The Raising of Lazarus (Caravaggio)"><i>The Raising of Lazarus</i></a>, Oil on canvas, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1609</span>, <a href="/wiki/Michelangelo_Merisi_da_Caravaggio" class="mw-redirect" title="Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio">Michelangelo Merisi da Caravaggio</a> (Museo Regionale, <a href="/wiki/Messina" title="Messina">Messina</a>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rembrandt_Harmensz._van_Rijn_015.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Raising of Lazarus, 1630–1631, Rembrandt van Rijn (Los Angeles County Museum of Art, Los Angeles)"><img alt="The Raising of Lazarus, 1630–1631, Rembrandt van Rijn (Los Angeles County Museum of Art, Los Angeles)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Rembrandt_Harmensz._van_Rijn_015.jpg/120px-Rembrandt_Harmensz._van_Rijn_015.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Rembrandt_Harmensz._van_Rijn_015.jpg/180px-Rembrandt_Harmensz._van_Rijn_015.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Rembrandt_Harmensz._van_Rijn_015.jpg/240px-Rembrandt_Harmensz._van_Rijn_015.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2024" data-file-height="2469" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/The_Raising_of_Lazarus_(Rembrandt)" title="The Raising of Lazarus (Rembrandt)">The Raising of Lazarus</a></i>, 1630–1631, <a href="/wiki/Rembrandt_van_Rijn" class="mw-redirect" title="Rembrandt van Rijn">Rembrandt van Rijn</a> (<a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_County_Museum_of_Art" title="Los Angeles County Museum of Art">Los Angeles County Museum of Art</a>, <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Giuseppe_salviati,_resurrezione_di_lazzaro.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Raising of Lazarus, 1540–1545, Giuseppe Salviati"><img alt="The Raising of Lazarus, 1540–1545, Giuseppe Salviati" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Giuseppe_salviati%2C_resurrezione_di_lazzaro.jpg/120px-Giuseppe_salviati%2C_resurrezione_di_lazzaro.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Giuseppe_salviati%2C_resurrezione_di_lazzaro.jpg/180px-Giuseppe_salviati%2C_resurrezione_di_lazzaro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Giuseppe_salviati%2C_resurrezione_di_lazzaro.jpg/240px-Giuseppe_salviati%2C_resurrezione_di_lazzaro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="627" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>The Raising of Lazarus</i>, 1540–1545, <a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Salviati" class="mw-redirect" title="Giuseppe Salviati">Giuseppe Salviati</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Vincent_van_Gogh_-_The_raising_of_Lazarus_(after_Rembrandt)_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Raising of Lazarus (after Rembrandt), Oil on paper, 1890, Vincent van Gogh (Van Gogh Museum, Amsterdam)"><img alt="The Raising of Lazarus (after Rembrandt), Oil on paper, 1890, Vincent van Gogh (Van Gogh Museum, Amsterdam)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Vincent_van_Gogh_-_The_raising_of_Lazarus_%28after_Rembrandt%29_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/120px-Vincent_van_Gogh_-_The_raising_of_Lazarus_%28after_Rembrandt%29_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Vincent_van_Gogh_-_The_raising_of_Lazarus_%28after_Rembrandt%29_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/180px-Vincent_van_Gogh_-_The_raising_of_Lazarus_%28after_Rembrandt%29_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Vincent_van_Gogh_-_The_raising_of_Lazarus_%28after_Rembrandt%29_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/240px-Vincent_van_Gogh_-_The_raising_of_Lazarus_%28after_Rembrandt%29_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3243" data-file-height="2481" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>The Raising of Lazarus (after Rembrandt)</i>, Oil on paper, 1890, <a href="/wiki/Vincent_van_Gogh" title="Vincent van Gogh">Vincent van Gogh</a> (Van Gogh Museum, <a href="/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam">Amsterdam</a>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bonnat01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Raising of Lazarus, 1857, Léon Joseph Florentin Bonnat"><img alt="The Raising of Lazarus, 1857, Léon Joseph Florentin Bonnat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Bonnat01.jpg/120px-Bonnat01.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="94" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Bonnat01.jpg/180px-Bonnat01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Bonnat01.jpg/240px-Bonnat01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="1092" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>The Raising of Lazarus</i>, 1857, <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9on_Joseph_Florentin_Bonnat" class="mw-redirect" title="Léon Joseph Florentin Bonnat">Léon Joseph Florentin Bonnat</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Raising_of_Lazarus_(f._11r)_Cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Raising of Lazarus illumination on parchment, c. 1504"><img alt="The Raising of Lazarus illumination on parchment, c. 1504" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Raising_of_Lazarus_%28f._11r%29_Cropped.jpg/120px-Raising_of_Lazarus_%28f._11r%29_Cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Raising_of_Lazarus_%28f._11r%29_Cropped.jpg/180px-Raising_of_Lazarus_%28f._11r%29_Cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Raising_of_Lazarus_%28f._11r%29_Cropped.jpg/240px-Raising_of_Lazarus_%28f._11r%29_Cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1938" data-file-height="2402" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>The Raising of Lazarus</i> illumination on parchment, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1504</span></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:RaisingofLazarusBloch.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Raising Lazarus, Oil on Copper Plate, 1875, Carl Heinrich Bloch (Hope Gallery, Salt Lake City)"><img alt="Raising Lazarus, Oil on Copper Plate, 1875, Carl Heinrich Bloch (Hope Gallery, Salt Lake City)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/RaisingofLazarusBloch.jpg/119px-RaisingofLazarusBloch.jpg" decoding="async" width="119" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/RaisingofLazarusBloch.jpg/179px-RaisingofLazarusBloch.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/RaisingofLazarusBloch.jpg/239px-RaisingofLazarusBloch.jpg 2x" data-file-width="396" data-file-height="497" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Raising Lazarus</i>, Oil on Copper Plate, 1875, <a href="/wiki/Carl_Heinrich_Bloch" class="mw-redirect" title="Carl Heinrich Bloch">Carl Heinrich Bloch</a> (Hope Gallery, <a href="/wiki/Salt_Lake_City" title="Salt Lake City">Salt Lake City</a>)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Raising_of_Lazarus_by_William_Blake_-_William_Blake_-_ABDAG002369.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Raising of Lazarus, 1800, William Blake, Aberdeen Art Gallery"><img alt="The Raising of Lazarus, 1800, William Blake, Aberdeen Art Gallery" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/The_Raising_of_Lazarus_by_William_Blake_-_William_Blake_-_ABDAG002369.jpg/108px-The_Raising_of_Lazarus_by_William_Blake_-_William_Blake_-_ABDAG002369.jpg" decoding="async" width="108" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/The_Raising_of_Lazarus_by_William_Blake_-_William_Blake_-_ABDAG002369.jpg/162px-The_Raising_of_Lazarus_by_William_Blake_-_William_Blake_-_ABDAG002369.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/The_Raising_of_Lazarus_by_William_Blake_-_William_Blake_-_ABDAG002369.jpg/217px-The_Raising_of_Lazarus_by_William_Blake_-_William_Blake_-_ABDAG002369.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="692" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>The Raising of Lazarus</i>, 1800, <a href="/wiki/William_Blake" title="William Blake">William Blake</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aberdeen_Art_Gallery" title="Aberdeen Art Gallery">Aberdeen Art Gallery</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cultural_references">Cultural references</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lazarus_of_Bethany&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Cultural references"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:001Resurrecci%C3%B3n_de_L%C3%A1zaro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/001Resurrecci%C3%B3n_de_L%C3%A1zaro.jpg/220px-001Resurrecci%C3%B3n_de_L%C3%A1zaro.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="352" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/001Resurrecci%C3%B3n_de_L%C3%A1zaro.jpg/330px-001Resurrecci%C3%B3n_de_L%C3%A1zaro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/001Resurrecci%C3%B3n_de_L%C3%A1zaro.jpg/440px-001Resurrecci%C3%B3n_de_L%C3%A1zaro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="590" data-file-height="944" /></a><figcaption><i>Resurrection of Lazarus</i> by <a href="/wiki/Mauricio_Garc%C3%ADa_Vega" title="Mauricio García Vega">Mauricio García Vega</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Well known in Western culture from their respective biblical tales, both figures named Lazarus (Lazarus of Bethany and the Beggar Lazarus of "<a href="/wiki/Rich_man_and_Lazarus" title="Rich man and Lazarus">Lazarus and Dives</a>"), have appeared many times in music, writing and art. The majority of the references are to Lazarus of Bethany. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_literature">In literature</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lazarus_of_Bethany&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: In literature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 1851 novel <i><a href="/wiki/Moby-Dick" title="Moby-Dick">Moby-Dick</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Herman_Melville" title="Herman Melville">Herman Melville</a>, after writing his <a href="/wiki/Will_and_testament" title="Will and testament">will and testament</a> for the fourth time, Ishmael remarks that, "all the days I should now live would be as good as the days that Lazarus lived after his resurrection; a supplementary clean gain of so many months or weeks as the case might be."<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-bib&lit_84-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bib&lit-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Fyodor_Dostoevsky" title="Fyodor Dostoevsky">Fyodor Dostoevsky</a>'s 1866 novel <i><a href="/wiki/Crime_and_Punishment" title="Crime and Punishment">Crime and Punishment</a></i> the protagonist Raskolnikov asks his lover Sonia to read him this section of the Gospel.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In two short stories written by <a href="/wiki/Mark_Twain" title="Mark Twain">Mark Twain</a> and posthumously published in 1972, a lawyer argues that Lazarus' heirs had an indisputable claim to any property the resurrected Lazarus had owned before his death.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-bib&lit_84-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bib&lit-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Playwright <a href="/wiki/Eugene_O%27Neill" title="Eugene O'Neill">Eugene O'Neill</a> in 1925 wrote the play <i><a href="/wiki/Lazarus_Laughed" title="Lazarus Laughed">Lazarus Laughed</a></i>, his largest-cast play, presenting Lazarus' life after his resurrection. The play has only been produced once in full, though in reduced-cast versions at other times. </p><p>Many works of literature from the 20th century allude to Lazarus, including <a href="/wiki/Truman_Capote" title="Truman Capote">Truman Capote</a>'s short story "A Tree of Night" in <i><a href="/wiki/A_Tree_of_Night_and_Other_Stories" title="A Tree of Night and Other Stories">A Tree of Night and Other Stories</a></i> (1945) and <a href="/wiki/John_Knowles" title="John Knowles">John Knowles</a>'s novel <i><a href="/wiki/A_Separate_Peace" title="A Separate Peace">A Separate Peace</a></i> (1959). Allusions in 20th-century poetry occur in works such as <a href="/wiki/Leonid_Andreyev" title="Leonid Andreyev">Leonid Andreyev</a>'s book-length poem <i>Lazarus</i> (1906),<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/T.S._Eliot" class="mw-redirect" title="T.S. Eliot">T.S. Eliot</a>'s poem "<a href="/wiki/The_Love_Song_of_J._Alfred_Prufrock" title="The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock">The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock</a>" (1915), Edwin Arlington Robinson's poem "Lazarus" (1920),<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Sylvia_Plath" title="Sylvia Plath">Sylvia Plath</a>'s poem "<a href="/wiki/Lady_Lazarus" title="Lady Lazarus">Lady Lazarus</a>" published in her posthumous anthology <i><a href="/wiki/Ariel_(poetry_collection)" title="Ariel (poetry collection)">Ariel</a></i> (1965). An allusion to Lazarus also appears in the memoir <i>Witness</i> (1952) by <a href="/wiki/Whittaker_Chambers" title="Whittaker Chambers">Whittaker Chambers</a> (who acknowledged the influence of Dostoevsky's works), which opens its first chapter, "In 1937, I began, like Lazarus, the impossible return."<sup id="cite_ref-Witness_90-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Witness-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Science fiction allusions to Lazarus occur in <a href="/wiki/Robert_A._Heinlein" title="Robert A. Heinlein">Robert A. Heinlein</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Lazarus_Long" title="Lazarus Long">Lazarus Long</a> novels (1941–1987), <a href="/wiki/Walter_M._Miller_Jr." title="Walter M. Miller Jr.">Walter M. Miller Jr.</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/A_Canticle_for_Leibowitz" title="A Canticle for Leibowitz">A Canticle for Leibowitz</a></i> (1960), and <a href="/wiki/Frank_Herbert" title="Frank Herbert">Frank Herbert</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/The_Lazarus_Effect_(novel)" title="The Lazarus Effect (novel)">The Lazarus Effect</a></i> (1983). </p><p>In the 2010 book <i>The Big Questions: A Short Introduction to Philosophy</i> written by American professors of philosophy <a href="/wiki/Kathleen_Higgins" title="Kathleen Higgins">Kathleen Higgins</a> and <a href="/wiki/Robert_C._Solomon" title="Robert C. Solomon">Robert C. Solomon</a>, at the end of Chapter 5, The Search for Truth, readers are asked to consider: "Could a scientist give an adequate account of the biblical story of the raising of Lazarus?"<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><i>Lazarus Is Dead</i> (2011) by <a href="/wiki/Richard_Beard_(author)" title="Richard Beard (author)">Richard Beard</a> is an innovative novel. Its amplifies a detail of the Gospel: Lazarus was Jesus's friend; however Jesus has disciples, but not many friends. Beard traces the story back to Jesus and Lazarus's childhood in Nazareth, after, the two friends' paths have diverged. The novel was described by the <i>Sunday Business Post</i> as "no ordinary novel: it is a brilliant, genre-bending retelling and subversion of one of the oldest, most sensational stories in the western canon." </p><p><a href="/wiki/John_Derhak" title="John Derhak">John Derhak</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/The_Bones_of_Lazarus" title="The Bones of Lazarus">The Bones of Lazarus</a></i> (2012), is a darkly funny, fast-paced, supernatural thriller that traces intersecting lives on a war-torn, resource rich, Caribbean island. The plot revolves around the premise that Lazarus of Bethany, upon his resurrection by Christ, becomes an immortal creature of Judgment, seeking the hearts and souls of the wicked throughout time. </p><p><i>Larry: A Novel of Church Recovery</i> (2019) by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rev._Brian_L._Boley_(author)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rev. Brian L. Boley (author) (page does not exist)">Brian L. Boley</a> is a short novel, in which a character named "Larry" appears. "Larry" gives suggestions to a pair of pastors about improving their churches and leading them to growth. But as we read along, we begin to understand that "Larry" may actually be the biblical Lazarus of Bethany, an immortal evangelistic servant of Jesus. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Richard_Zimler" title="Richard Zimler">Richard Zimler</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Bestseller" title="Bestseller">bestselling</a> novel <i><a href="/wiki/The_Gospel_According_to_Lazarus" title="The Gospel According to Lazarus">The Gospel According to Lazarus</a></i> (2019 in English) is written from the perspective of Lazarus himself. The book presents Yeshua ben Yosef (Jesus' Hebrew name) as an early Jewish mystic and explores the deep friendship between Lazarus and Yeshua, who - within the fictional setting - have been best friends since childhood. The themes of the book include how we cope with a loss of faith, the terrible sacrifices we make for those we love, the transcendent meaning of Yeshua's mission, and how we go on after suffering a shattering trauma. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Observer" title="The Observer">The Observer</a></i> review summarized the novel as "A very human tale of rivalry, betrayal, power-grabbing and sacrifice.... Perhaps the most remarkable aspect of this brave and engaging novel...is that Zimler manages to make the best-known narrative in western culture a page-turner."<sup id="cite_ref-StanfordReview_92-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StanfordReview-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_music">In music</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lazarus_of_Bethany&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: In music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In music, a popular retelling of the biblical Lazarus story from the point of view of Lazarus in heaven is the 1984 <a href="/wiki/Gospel_(music)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gospel (music)">gospel</a> story-song "Lazarus Come Forth" by <a href="/wiki/Christian_music_industry" title="Christian music industry">Contemporary Christian Music</a> artist <a href="/wiki/Carman_(singer)" title="Carman (singer)">Carman</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A modern reinterpretation of the story is the title track to the album <i><a href="/wiki/Dig,_Lazarus,_Dig!!!" title="Dig, Lazarus, Dig!!!">Dig, Lazarus, Dig!!!</a></i> by the Australian alternative band <a href="/wiki/Nick_Cave_and_the_Bad_Seeds" title="Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds">Nick Cave and the Bad Seeds</a>. Several other bands have composed songs titled "Lazarus" in allusion to the resurrection story, including <a href="/wiki/Porcupine_Tree" title="Porcupine Tree">Porcupine Tree</a>, <a href="/wiki/Conor_Oberst" title="Conor Oberst">Conor Oberst</a>, <a href="/wiki/Circa_Survive" title="Circa Survive">Circa Survive</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chimaira" title="Chimaira">Chimaira</a>, <a href="/wiki/Moe." class="mw-redirect" title="Moe.">moe.</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wes_King" title="Wes King">Wes King</a>, <a href="/wiki/Placebo_(band)" title="Placebo (band)">Placebo</a>, and <a href="/wiki/David_Bowie" title="David Bowie">David Bowie</a> (written while he was terminally ill).<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lazarus_of_Bethany&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Resurrection_of_Lazarus_by_Henry_Ossawa_Tanner.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Resurrection_of_Lazarus_by_Henry_Ossawa_Tanner.jpg/250px-Resurrection_of_Lazarus_by_Henry_Ossawa_Tanner.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="198" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Resurrection_of_Lazarus_by_Henry_Ossawa_Tanner.jpg/375px-Resurrection_of_Lazarus_by_Henry_Ossawa_Tanner.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Resurrection_of_Lazarus_by_Henry_Ossawa_Tanner.jpg/500px-Resurrection_of_Lazarus_by_Henry_Ossawa_Tanner.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2651" data-file-height="2101" /></a><figcaption>In the 1896, artist <a href="/wiki/Henry_Ossawa_Tanner" title="Henry Ossawa Tanner">Henry Ossawa Tanner</a> brought Lazarus to the forefront of popular culture in Paris, entering <i><a href="/wiki/Resurrection_of_Lazarus" class="mw-redirect" title="Resurrection of Lazarus">Resurrection of Lazarus</a></i> in the <a href="/wiki/Paris_Salon" class="mw-redirect" title="Paris Salon">Paris Salon</a>, winning a medal.<sup id="cite_ref-timeline_96-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-timeline-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was so respected that the French government bought the painting.<sup id="cite_ref-timeline_96-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-timeline-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Lazarus is sometimes referenced in political figures returning to power in unlikely circumstances. When <a href="/wiki/John_Howard" title="John Howard">John Howard</a> lost the leadership of the <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Australia" title="Liberal Party of Australia">Liberal Party of Australia</a>, he rated his chances of regaining it as "Lazarus with a triple bypass".<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Howard did regain the leadership and went on to become <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Australia" title="Prime Minister of Australia">Prime Minister of Australia</a>. Former <a href="/wiki/President_of_Haiti" title="President of Haiti">President of Haiti</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jean_Bertrand_Aristide" class="mw-redirect" title="Jean Bertrand Aristide">Jean Bertrand Aristide</a>, was termed the "Haitian Lazarus" by journalist <a href="/wiki/Amy_Wilentz" title="Amy Wilentz">Amy Wilentz</a>, in her description of his return to Haiti from exile and the political significance of this event.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the Batman comic book series, <a href="/wiki/Ra%E2%80%99s_al_Ghul" class="mw-redirect" title="Ra’s al Ghul">Ra’s al Ghul</a> is often restored to life by a pool known as the Lazarus Pit. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lazarus_of_Bethany&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Catholic_Church/Patron_Archive/December_17" title="Portal:Catholic Church/Patron Archive/December 17">Lazarus of Bethany, patron saint archive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corpse_decomposition" title="Corpse decomposition">Corpse decomposition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lazarus_Saturday" title="Lazarus Saturday">Lazarus Saturday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Jesus" title="Ministry of Jesus">Ministry of Jesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panagia_Alexiotissa,_Patras" title="Panagia Alexiotissa, Patras">Panagia Alexiotissa, Patras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Signs" title="Book of Signs">Seven signs in the Gospel of John</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Paintings_of_the_Resurrection_of_Lazarus" title="Category:Paintings of the Resurrection of Lazarus">Category:Paintings of the Resurrection of Lazarus</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lazarus_of_Bethany&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Russian)</span> <a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%BE-%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8B%D1%80%D1%8C" class="extiw" title="ru:Спасо-Елеазаровский монастырь">Спасо-Елеазаровский монастырь</a>. Russian Wikipedia.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">In 1970 a fire that broke out in <a href="/wiki/Church_of_Ayios_Lazaros,_Larnaca" class="mw-redirect" title="Church of Ayios Lazaros, Larnaca">Church of St. Lazarus</a> at Larnaka destroyed almost all of the internal furnishings of the church.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Subsequent archaeological excavations and renovations led to the discovery of a portion of the saint's relics.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">In the <a href="/wiki/Synaxarion_of_Constantinople" title="Synaxarion of Constantinople">Synaxarion of Constantinople</a> and in the Lavreotic Codex, reference is made to the "<a href="/wiki/Raising_of_Lazarus" class="mw-redirect" title="Raising of Lazarus">Raising of Lazarus</a>" – the Holy and Just Lazarus, the friend of Christ.<sup id="cite_ref-SYNAXLAZARUS_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SYNAXLAZARUS-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The entry for <a href="/wiki/17_October_(Eastern_Orthodox_liturgics)" class="mw-redirect" title="17 October (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)">17 October</a> in the <i><a href="/wiki/Prologue_from_Ohrid" title="Prologue from Ohrid">Prologue from Ohrid</a></i> also states that "Lazarus's principle feasts are on March 17 and Lazarus Saturday during Great Lent."<sup id="cite_ref-NIKOLAJ_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIKOLAJ-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"...Under today's date is commemorated the translation of his <a href="/wiki/Relics" class="mw-redirect" title="Relics">relics</a> from the island of Cyprus to Constantinople. This occurred when Emperor <a href="/wiki/Leo_VI_the_Wise" title="Leo VI the Wise">Leo the Wise</a> built the Church of St. Lazarus in <a href="/wiki/Ecumenical_Patriarchate_of_Constantinople" title="Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople">Constantinople</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Translation_(relic)" title="Translation (relic)">translated</a> Lazarus's relics there in the year 890. When, after almost a thousand years, Lazarus's grave in the town of Kition on Cyprus was unearthed, a marble tablet was found with the inscription: "Lazarus of the Four Days, the friend of Christ."<sup id="cite_ref-NIKOLAJ_62-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NIKOLAJ-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lazarus_of_Bethany&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-ANASTASIS-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ANASTASIS_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ANASTASIS_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ANASTASIS_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Great Synaxaristes: <span class="languageicon">(in Greek)</span> <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.synaxarion.gr/gr/sid/3027/sxsaintinfo.aspx">Ἀνάστασις τοῦ Λαζάρου</a>.</i> ΜΕΓΑΣ ΣΥΝΑΞΑΡΙΣΤΗΣ.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SYNAXLAZARUS-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SYNAXLAZARUS_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SYNAXLAZARUS_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SYNAXLAZARUS_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Great Synaxaristes: <span class="languageicon">(in Greek)</span> <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.synaxarion.gr/gr/sid/2957/sxsaintinfo.aspx">Ὁ Ἅγιος Λάζαρος ὁ Δίκαιος, ὁ φίλος τοῦ Χριστοῦ</a>.</i> 17 ΜΑΡΤΙΟΥ. ΜΕΓΑΣ ΣΥΝΑΞΑΡΙΣΤΗΣ.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LEIPSANA-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-LEIPSANA_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-LEIPSANA_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Great Synaxaristes: <span class="languageicon">(in Greek)</span> <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.synaxarion.gr/gr/sid/903/sxsaintinfo.aspx">Ἀνακομιδὴ καὶ Κατάθεσις τοῦ Λειψάνου τοῦ Ἁγίου καὶ Δικαίου Λαζάρου</a>.</i> 17 Οκτωβρίου. ΜΕΓΑΣ ΣΥΝΑΞΑΡΙΣΤΗΣ.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pravoru-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pravoru_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFHolland" class="citation web cs1">Holland, Fr. Seraphim. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20190107020507/http://pravoslavie.ru/45973.html">"The Resurrection of Lazarus, the Four Days Dead, of Bethany"</a>. <i>Pravoslavie.ru</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pravoslavie.ru/45973.html">the original</a> on 7 January 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 January</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pravoslavie.ru&rft.atitle=The+Resurrection+of+Lazarus%2C+the+Four+Days+Dead%2C+of+Bethany&rft.aulast=Holland&rft.aufirst=Fr.+Seraphim&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpravoslavie.ru%2F45973.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALazarus+of+Bethany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTenney" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Merrill_C._Tenney" title="Merrill C. Tenney">Tenney, Merrill C.</a> Kenneth L. Barker & John Kohlenberger III (ed.). <i>Zondervan NIV Bible Commentary</i>. Grand Rapids, Michigan: Zondervan Publishing House.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Zondervan+NIV+Bible+Commentary&rft.place=Grand+Rapids%2C+Michigan&rft.pub=Zondervan+Publishing+House&rft.aulast=Tenney&rft.aufirst=Merrill+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALazarus+of+Bethany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Lazarus-of-Bethany">"Lazarus"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclopaedia_Britannica" class="mw-redirect" title="Encyclopaedia Britannica">Encyclopaedia Britannica</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 March</span> 2020</span>. <q>When Lazarus died, he was raised by Jesus from the dead after he had been entombed for four days. This miraculous raising of Lazarus from the dead inspired many Jews to believe in Jesus as the Christ.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclopaedia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Lazarus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FLazarus-of-Bethany&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALazarus+of+Bethany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=john%2011:1-11:46&version=NIV">"John 11:1-46"</a>. <i>Biblegateway</i>. NIV.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Biblegateway&rft.atitle=John+11%3A1-46&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biblegateway.com%2Fpassage%2F%3Fsearch%3Djohn%252011%3A1-11%3A46%26version%3DNIV&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALazarus+of+Bethany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClowes1817" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Clowes_(cleric)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Clowes (cleric)">Clowes, John</a> (1817). <i>The Miracles of Jesus Christ</i>. Manchester, UK. p. 274.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Miracles+of+Jesus+Christ&rft.place=Manchester%2C+UK&rft.pages=274&rft.date=1817&rft.aulast=Clowes&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALazarus+of+Bethany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=John%2011:1–46&version=nrsv">John 11:1–46</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=John%2011:1&version=nrsv">John 11:1</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=John%2011:3&version=nrsv">John 11:3</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">John 11:25, <a href="/wiki/KJV" class="mw-redirect" title="KJV">KJV</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">John 11:35, <a href="/wiki/KJV" class="mw-redirect" title="KJV">KJV</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=John%2012:2&version=nrsv">John 12:2</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=John%2012:9–11&version=nrsv">John 12:9–11</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Secret Mark's story is certainly much older in its form than John's account of the raising of Lazarus." <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKoester2009" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Helmut_Koester" title="Helmut Koester">Koester, Helmut</a> (2009), "Was Morton Smith a Great Thespian and I a Complete Fool?", <i>Biblical Archaeology Review</i>, vol. 35, no. 6, pp. 54–58, 88</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Biblical+Archaeology+Review&rft.atitle=Was+Morton+Smith+a+Great+Thespian+and+I+a+Complete+Fool%3F&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=54-58%2C+88&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Koester&rft.aufirst=Helmut&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALazarus+of+Bethany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Francis J. Moloney, Daniel J. Harrington, 1998 <i>The Gospel of John</i> Liturgical Press <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8146-5806-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-8146-5806-7">0-8146-5806-7</a> p. 325</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vatican.va/archive/ccc_css/archive/catechism/p122a5p2.htm#I">"Paragraph 2. On the Third Day He Rose from the Dead"</a>. Catechism of the Catholic Church<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 February</span> 2020</span>. <q>640{...}Jesus had not simply returned to earthly life as had been the case with Lazarus.{...}<br />{...}<br />646 Christ's Resurrection was not a return to earthly life, as was the case with the raisings from the dead that he had performed before Easter: Jairus' daughter, the young man of Naim, Lazarus. These actions were miraculous events, but the persons miraculously raised returned by Jesus' power to ordinary earthly life. At some particular moment they would die again. Christ's Resurrection is essentially different. In his risen body he passes from the state of death to another life beyond time and space.(...)</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Paragraph+2.+On+the+Third+Day+He+Rose+from+the+Dead&rft.series=Catechism+of+the+Catholic+Church&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vatican.va%2Farchive%2Fccc_css%2Farchive%2Fcatechism%2Fp122a5p2.htm%23I&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALazarus+of+Bethany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pravoslavieto.com/docs/eng/Orthodox_Catechism_of_Philaret.htm">"The Longer Catechism of The Orthodox, Catholic, Eastern Church"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 February</span> 2020</span>. <q>He raised the dead: the son of the widow of Nain, the daughter of Jairus, and Lazarus on the fourth day after his death.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Longer+Catechism+of+The+Orthodox%2C+Catholic%2C+Eastern+Church&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pravoslavieto.com%2Fdocs%2Feng%2FOrthodox_Catechism_of_Philaret.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALazarus+of+Bethany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sbc.net/resolutions/2247/on-the-sufficiency-of-scripture-regarding-the-afterlife">"On The Sufficiency Of Scripture Regarding The Afterlife"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore</a>: Southern Baptist Convention. 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 March</span> 2020</span>. <q>WHEREAS, Though the Scriptures include explicit accounts of persons raised from the dead, such as Jairus' daughter, the widow of Nain's son, and Lazarus, in God's perfect revelatory wisdom, He has not given us any report of their individual experience in the afterlife (Deuteronomy 29:29; Mark 5:21–43; Luke 7:11–17; John 11:35–44);</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=On+The+Sufficiency+Of+Scripture+Regarding+The+Afterlife&rft.place=Baltimore&rft.pub=Southern+Baptist+Convention&rft.date=2014&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sbc.net%2Fresolutions%2F2247%2Fon-the-sufficiency-of-scripture-regarding-the-afterlife&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALazarus+of+Bethany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://biblehub.com/commentaries/calvin/john/11.htm">"John 11 Calvin's Commentaries"</a>. Biblehub.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=John+11+Calvin%27s+Commentaries&rft.pub=Biblehub.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbiblehub.com%2Fcommentaries%2Fcalvin%2Fjohn%2F11.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALazarus+of+Bethany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJakob_Abbadie1697" class="citation book cs1">Jakob Abbadie (1697). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0R5vfxU8wksC&pg=PA120"><i>A Vindication of the Truth of Christian Religion, against the objections of all Modern Opposers</i></a>. Vol. 2. Translated by Henry Lussan. London – via <a href="/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Google Books</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Vindication+of+the+Truth+of+Christian+Religion%2C+against+the+objections+of+all+Modern+Opposers&rft.place=London&rft.date=1697&rft.au=Jakob+Abbadie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D0R5vfxU8wksC%26pg%3DPA120&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALazarus+of+Bethany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/12017/pope-benedict-resurrection-of-lazarus-reveals-christs-power-over-life-and-death">"Pope Benedict: resurrection of Lazarus reveals Christ's power over life and death"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Catholic_News_Agency" title="Catholic News Agency">Catholic News Agency</a></i>. 9 March 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Catholic+News+Agency&rft.atitle=Pope+Benedict%3A+resurrection+of+Lazarus+reveals+Christ%27s+power+over+life+and+death&rft.date=2008-03-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.catholicnewsagency.com%2Fnews%2F12017%2Fpope-benedict-resurrection-of-lazarus-reveals-christs-power-over-life-and-death&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALazarus+of+Bethany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://biblehub.com/commentaries/poole/john/11.htm">"John 11"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 March</span> 2020</span> – via BibleHub.com. <q><b>bound hand and foot:</b> and here is a second miracle, that one so wrapped and bound up should be able to move and come forth.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=John+11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbiblehub.com%2Fcommentaries%2Fpoole%2Fjohn%2F11.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALazarus+of+Bethany" class="Z3988"></span> (Matthew Poole)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://biblehub.com/commentaries/ellicott/john/11.htm">"John 11"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 March</span> 2020</span> – via BibleHub.com. <q>many of the older expositors regard the power to move, when bound hand and foot, as itself a miracle. But this seems not to be necessary, and if not necessary, is not to be resorted to. (Comp. Note on John 6:21.) The grave-clothes may have been bound round the limbs separately</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=John+11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbiblehub.com%2Fcommentaries%2Fellicott%2Fjohn%2F11.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALazarus+of+Bethany" class="Z3988"></span> (Charles Ellicott)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFriedrich_Justus_Knecht1910" class="citation book cs1">Friedrich Justus Knecht (1910). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:A Practical Commentary on Holy Scripture/LIV. The Raising of Lazarus from the Dead"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Practical_Commentary_on_Holy_Scripture/LIV._The_Raising_of_Lazarus_from_the_Dead">"LIV. The Raising of Lazarus from the Dead" </a></span>. <i>A Practical Commentary on Holy Scripture</i>. B. Herder.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=LIV.+The+Raising+of+Lazarus+from+the+Dead&rft.btitle=A+Practical+Commentary+on+Holy+Scripture&rft.pub=B.+Herder&rft.date=1910&rft.au=Friedrich+Justus+Knecht&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALazarus+of+Bethany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBaxter1823" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Roger_Baxter" title="Roger Baxter">Baxter, Roger</a> (1823). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:Meditations For Every Day In The Year/Conversions and Cures#468"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Meditations_For_Every_Day_In_The_Year/Conversions_and_Cures#468">"The Resuscitation of Lazarus" </a></span>. <i>Meditations For Every Day In The Year</i>. New York: Benziger Brothers.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Resuscitation+of+Lazarus&rft.btitle=Meditations+For+Every+Day+In+The+Year&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Benziger+Brothers&rft.date=1823&rft.aulast=Baxter&rft.aufirst=Roger&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALazarus+of+Bethany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Esler-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Esler_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Esler_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Esler_28-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEslerPiper2006" class="citation book cs1">Esler, Philip Francis; Piper, Ronald Allen (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7Jgi5jNVIj4C&pg=PA49"><i>Lazarus, Mary and Martha: Social-scientific Approaches to the Gospel of John</i></a>. Minneapolis: Fortress Press. pp. 49–60. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780800638306" title="Special:BookSources/9780800638306"><bdi>9780800638306</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lazarus%2C+Mary+and+Martha%3A+Social-scientific+Approaches+to+the+Gospel+of+John&rft.place=Minneapolis&rft.pages=49-60&rft.pub=Fortress+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=9780800638306&rft.aulast=Esler&rft.aufirst=Philip+Francis&rft.au=Piper%2C+Ronald+Allen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7Jgi5jNVIj4C%26pg%3DPA49&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALazarus+of+Bethany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEhrman2006" class="citation book cs1">Ehrman, Bart D. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QpNKcdZKYvoC&pg=PT199"><i>Truth and Fiction in The Da Vinci Code: A Historian Reveals What We Really Know about Jesus, Mary Magdalene, and Constantine</i></a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 199. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780199924127" title="Special:BookSources/9780199924127"><bdi>9780199924127</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Truth+and+Fiction+in+The+Da+Vinci+Code%3A+A+Historian+Reveals+What+We+Really+Know+about+Jesus%2C+Mary+Magdalene%2C+and+Constantine&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=199&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=9780199924127&rft.aulast=Ehrman&rft.aufirst=Bart+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQpNKcdZKYvoC%26pg%3DPT199&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALazarus+of+Bethany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEhrman1999" class="citation book cs1">Ehrman, Bart D. (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=c9K_6NN3llcC&pg=PA189"><i>Jesus: Apocalyptic Prophet of the New Millennium</i></a>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 189. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780199839438" title="Special:BookSources/9780199839438"><bdi>9780199839438</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Jesus%3A+Apocalyptic+Prophet+of+the+New+Millennium&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=189&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=9780199839438&rft.aulast=Ehrman&rft.aufirst=Bart+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dc9K_6NN3llcC%26pg%3DPA189&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALazarus+of+Bethany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-verse_2_Commentaries-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-verse_2_Commentaries_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://biblehub.com/commentaries/john/11-2.htm">"John 11:2 Commentaries"</a>. <i>Biblehub.com</i>. 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Biblehub.com&rft.atitle=John+11%3A2+Commentaries&rft.date=2011&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbiblehub.com%2Fcommentaries%2Fjohn%2F11-2.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALazarus+of+Bethany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFZangenberg2023" class="citation book cs1">Zangenberg, Jürgen K. (2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5Ov7EAAAQBAJ&pg=PA32">"Textual and Material Lazarus in Dialogue: Reading John 11:1–44 (53) from Its Intra-textual and Extra-Textual Worlds"</a>. In Mizzi, Dennis; Grey, Matthew; Rassalle, Tine (eds.). <i>Pushing Sacred Boundaries in Early Judaism and the Ancient Mediterranean: Essays in Honor of Jodi Magness</i>. BRILL. pp. 32–54. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-54082-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-54082-8"><bdi>978-90-04-54082-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Textual+and+Material+Lazarus+in+Dialogue%3A+Reading+John+11%3A1%E2%80%9344+%2853%29+from+Its+Intra-textual+and+Extra-Textual+Worlds&rft.btitle=Pushing+Sacred+Boundaries+in+Early+Judaism+and+the+Ancient+Mediterranean%3A+Essays+in+Honor+of+Jodi+Magness&rft.pages=32-54&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.date=2023&rft.isbn=978-90-04-54082-8&rft.aulast=Zangenberg&rft.aufirst=J%C3%BCrgen+K.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D5Ov7EAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA32&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALazarus+of+Bethany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/deistsreplytoall00spoo"><i>The Deist's Reply to the Alleged Supernatural Evidences of Christianity</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>. 1836. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/deistsreplytoall00spoo/page/34">34</a> – via <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Deist%27s+Reply+to+the+Alleged+Supernatural+Evidences+of+Christianity&rft.place=Boston&rft.pages=34&rft.date=1836&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fdeistsreplytoall00spoo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALazarus+of+Bethany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobert_G._Ingersoll1892" class="citation web cs1">Robert G. Ingersoll (1892). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/prosepoemsselect00inge">"Prose-Poems and Selection from the Writings and Sayings of Robert G. Ingersoll"</a> (5 ed.). New York: C. P. Farrell. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/prosepoemsselect00inge/page/84">84</a> – via <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a>. <q>It seems to me that he would have been an object of great interest.{...}Thousands would have inquired of him about the other world;{...}His experience would have been vastly more interesting than everything else in the New Testament.{...}When he came to die again, people would have said: "He is not afraid; he has had experience; he knows what death is."<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Prose-Poems+and+Selection+from+the+Writings+and+Sayings+of+Robert+G.+Ingersoll&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=84&rft.edition=5&rft.pub=C.+P.+Farrell&rft.date=1892&rft.au=Robert+G.+Ingersoll&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fprosepoemsselect00inge&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALazarus+of+Bethany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/interpretersbiblv8abin/"><i>Interpreter's Bible</i></a></span>. Vol. 8. <a href="/wiki/Abingdon_Press" title="Abingdon Press">Abingdon Press</a>. 1953. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/interpretersbiblv8abin/page/648">648</a> & <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/interpretersbiblv8abin/page/649">649</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780687192144" title="Special:BookSources/9780687192144"><bdi>9780687192144</bdi></a> – via <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Interpreter%27s+Bible&rft.pages=648+%26+649&rft.pub=Abingdon+Press&rft.date=1953&rft.isbn=9780687192144&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Finterpretersbiblv8abin%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALazarus+of+Bethany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeasure2021" class="citation web cs1">Leasure, Ryan (31 May 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://crossexamined.org/why-dont-the-synoptic-gospels-mention-lazarus/">"Why Don't the Synoptic Gospels Mention Lazarus?"</a>. <i>crossexamined.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 July</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=crossexamined.org&rft.atitle=Why+Don%27t+the+Synoptic+Gospels+Mention+Lazarus%3F&rft.date=2021-05-31&rft.aulast=Leasure&rft.aufirst=Ryan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcrossexamined.org%2Fwhy-dont-the-synoptic-gospels-mention-lazarus%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALazarus+of+Bethany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTrench1864" class="citation book cs1">Trench, Richard Chenevix (1864). <i>Notes on the Miracles of Our Lord</i> (Second ed.). D. Appleton & Company. p. 312. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1425541446" title="Special:BookSources/978-1425541446"><bdi>978-1425541446</bdi></a>. <q>Thus, it has been urged by some, by Grotius and by Olshausen, that the three earlier Evangelists, writing in Palestine, and while either Lazarus or some of his family yet survived, would not willingly draw attention, and, it might be, persecution, upon them (see John 12:10); but that no such causes hindered St. John, who wrote at a much later period, and not in Palestine, but in Asia Minor, from bringing forward this miracle. The omission on their part, and the mention upon his, will then be a parallel to a like omission and mention of the name of the disciple who smote off the ear of the High Priest's servant, only St. John mentioning that it was Peter who struck the blow (xviii. 10).</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Notes+on+the+Miracles+of+Our+Lord&rft.pages=312&rft.edition=Second&rft.pub=D.+Appleton+%26+Company&rft.date=1864&rft.isbn=978-1425541446&rft.aulast=Trench&rft.aufirst=Richard+Chenevix&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALazarus+of+Bethany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Modern-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Modern_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">In <i>The Biblical World</i> <b>8</b>.5 (November 1896:40).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.christusrex.org/www1/ofm/san/BET09mod.html">Modern Bethany</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131007062326/http://www.christusrex.org/www1/ofm/san/BET09mod.html">Archived</a> 7 October 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, by Albert Storme, Franciscan Cyberspot.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sacred_Destinations-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Sacred_Destinations_40-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sacred_Destinations_40-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sacred-destinations.com/israel/jerusalem-bethany.htm">"Sacred Destinations"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090820075541/http://www.sacred-destinations.com/israel/jerusalem-bethany.htm">Archived</a> 20 August 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.christusrex.org/www1/ofm/mad/articles/DiSegniOnomasticon.html">The Onomastikon of Eusebius and the Madaba Map</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130503165029/http://www.christusrex.org/www1/ofm/mad/articles/DiSegniOnomasticon.html">Archived</a> 3 May 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, By Leah Di Segni. First published in: <i>The Madaba Map Centenary</i>, Jerusalem, 1999, pp. 115–20.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Franciscan-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Franciscan_42-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.christusrex.org/www1/ofm/san/BET04byz.html">Bethany in Byzantine Times I</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160306011815/http://www.christusrex.org/www1/ofm/san/BET04byz.html">Archived</a> 6 March 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20000915083408/http://www.christusrex.org/www1/ofm/san/BET05lit.html">Bethany in Byzantine Times II</a>, by Albert Storme, Franciscan Cyberspot.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Shahinp332-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Shahinp332_43-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Shahinp332_43-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMariam_Shahin2005" class="citation book cs1">Mariam Shahin (2005). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/palestine00mari/page/332"><i>Palestine: A Guide</i></a></span>. Interlink Books. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/palestine00mari/page/332">332</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-56656-557-X" title="Special:BookSources/1-56656-557-X"><bdi>1-56656-557-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Palestine%3A+A+Guide&rft.pages=332&rft.pub=Interlink+Books&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=1-56656-557-X&rft.au=Mariam+Shahin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fpalestine00mari%2Fpage%2F332&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALazarus+of+Bethany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CathEncy-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CathEncy_44-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CathEncy_44-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CathEncy_44-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHerbermann1913" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09097a.htm">"St. Lazarus of Bethany"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia" title="Catholic Encyclopedia">Catholic Encyclopedia</a></i>. New York: Robert Appleton Company.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=St.+Lazarus+of+Bethany&rft.btitle=Catholic+Encyclopedia&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Robert+Appleton+Company&rft.date=1913&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newadvent.org%2Fcathen%2F09097a.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALazarus+of+Bethany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chev. C. Savona-Ventura (KLJ, CMLJ, BCrLJ). <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stlazarusmalta.org/pdf_files/Lazarus_of_Bethany.pdf">Lazarus of Bethany</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190407175314/http://www.stlazarusmalta.org/pdf_files/Lazarus_of_Bethany.pdf">Archived</a> 7 April 2019 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</i> Grand Priory of the Maltese Island: Military & Hospitaller Order of St. Lazarus of Jerusalem. December 2009. p. 3.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Michaelides-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Michaelides_46-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Michaelides_46-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Michaelides_46-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Michaelides, M.G. "Saint Lazarus, The Friend Of Christ And First Bishop Of Kition", Larnaca, Cyprus, 1984. Reprinted by Fr. Demetrios Serfes at <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.serfes.org/lives/stlazarus.htm">St. Lazarus The Friend Of Christ And First Bishop Of Kition, Cyprus</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090922225302/http://www.serfes.org/lives/stlazarus.htm">Archived</a> 22 September 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Roberson, Fr. Ronald G., (<a href="/wiki/Paulist_Fathers" title="Paulist Fathers">C.S.P.</a>). <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnewa.us/default.aspx?ID=22&pagetypeID=9&sitecode=US&pageno=1">The Orthodox Church of Cyprus</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131103095050/http://www.cnewa.us/default.aspx?ID=22&pagetypeID=9&sitecode=US&pageno=1">Archived</a> 3 November 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</i> CNEWA United States. 26 June 2007.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-visitcyprus-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-visitcyprus_49-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-visitcyprus_49-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.visitcyprus.com/media/Audio/written_form/St_Lazarus_afigisi_en.pdf">St. Lazarus Church & Ecclesiastical Museum, Larnaca</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151123121647/http://www.visitcyprus.com/media/Audio/written_form/St_Lazarus_afigisi_en.pdf">Archived</a> 23 November 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</i> Cyprus Tourism Organisation. p. 4. Retrieved: 17 April 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.interfax-religion.com/?act=news&div=9435">St. Lazarus' relics brought to Moscow from Cyprus</a>.</i> Interfax-Religion. 13 June 2012, 13:32.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pravoslavie.ru/english/54338.htm">St. Lazarus' Relics Brought to Moscow from Cyprus</a>.</i> Pravoslavie.ru. Moscow, 13 June 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130921054405/http://www.ayioslazaros.org/istoria1_eng.htm">"History"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ayioslazaros.org/istoria1_eng.htm">the original</a> on 21 September 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 September</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ayioslazaros.org%2Fistoria1_eng.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALazarus+of+Bethany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120731073645/http://www.experienceloire.com/trinity%20abbey.htm">Holy Trinity Abbey - Vendome</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Of Mary Magdalene", <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/basis/goldenlegend/GoldenLegend-Volume4.htm">Legenda Aurea, Book IV.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Huizinga, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Waning_of_the_Middle_Ages" class="mw-redirect" title="The Waning of the Middle Ages">The Waning of the Middle Ages</a></i> p. 147</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/uvresdegeorgesc13belggoog"><i>Œuvres de Georges Chastellain</i></a>. Bruxelles: F. Heussner. 1864. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/uvresdegeorgesc13belggoog/page/n78">59</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 April</span> 2018</span> – via Internet Archive.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%C5%92uvres+de+Georges+Chastellain&rft.place=Bruxelles&rft.pages=59&rft.pub=F.+Heussner&rft.date=1864&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fuvresdegeorgesc13belggoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALazarus+of+Bethany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Archimandrite <a href="/wiki/Timothy_Ware" class="mw-redirect" title="Timothy Ware">Kallistos Ware</a> and Mother Mary, Tr., <i>The Lenten Triodion</i> (St. Tikhon's Seminary Press, South Canaan, Pennsylvania, 2002, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-878997-51-3" title="Special:BookSources/1-878997-51-3">1-878997-51-3</a>), p. 57.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=John%2011:34&version=nrsv">John 11:34</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=John%2011:43&version=nrsv">John 11:43</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Romans%206:3&version=nrsv">Romans 6:3</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NIKOLAJ-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NIKOLAJ_62-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NIKOLAJ_62-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NIKOLAJ_62-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Bishop <a href="/wiki/Nikolaj_Velimirovi%C4%87" title="Nikolaj Velimirović">Nikolaj Velimirović</a>. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.westsrbdio.org/prolog/my.html?month=October&day=17&Go.x=10&Go.y=20">October 17 – The Prologue from Ohrid</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130619064352/http://www.westsrbdio.org/prolog/my.html?month=October&day=17&Go.x=10&Go.y=20">Archived</a> 19 June 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</i> (Serbian Orthodox Church Diocese of Western America). Retrieved 17 April 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://oca.org/saints/lives/2013/10/17/102991-translation-of-the-relics-of-st-lazarus-ldquoof-the-four-days-in">Translation of the relics of St Lazarus "of the Four Days in the Tomb" the Bishop of Kiteia on Cyprus</a>.</i> OCA – Lives of the Saints. Retrieved: 17 April 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Martyrologium Romanum</i> (Libreria Editrice Vaticana 2001 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-88-209-7210-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-88-209-7210-3">978-88-209-7210-3</a>), p. 398</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/ccdds/documents/rc_con_ccdds_doc_20210126_decreto-santi_en.html">"DECREE on the Celebration of Saints Martha, Mary and Lazarus in the General Roman Calendar (26 January 2021)"</a>. <i>www.vatican.va</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 February</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.vatican.va&rft.atitle=DECREE+on+the+Celebration+of+Saints+Martha%2C+Mary+and+Lazarus+in+the+General+Roman+Calendar+%2826+January+2021%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vatican.va%2Froman_curia%2Fcongregations%2Fccdds%2Fdocuments%2Frc_con_ccdds_doc_20210126_decreto-santi_en.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALazarus+of+Bethany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.breviary.net/martyrology/mart12/mart1217.htm">December 17</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090611112918/http://www.breviary.net/martyrology/mart12/mart1217.htm">Archived</a> 11 June 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roman_Martyrology" title="Roman Martyrology">Roman Martyrology</a> (1749).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SACKCLOTH-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SACKCLOTH_69-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SACKCLOTH_69-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SACKCLOTH_69-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cubanet.org/CNews/y98/dec98/17e2.htm"><i>With sackcloth and rum, Cubans hail Saint Lazarus</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080420195906/http://www.cubanet.org/CNews/y98/dec98/17e2.htm">Archived</a> 20 April 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, 17 December 1998. <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a> news story.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.churchofengland.org/prayer-and-worship/worship-texts-and-resources/common-worship/churchs-year/calendar">"The Calendar"</a>. <i>The Church of England</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 March</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Church+of+England&rft.atitle=The+Calendar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.churchofengland.org%2Fprayer-and-worship%2Fworship-texts-and-resources%2Fcommon-worship%2Fchurchs-year%2Fcalendar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALazarus+of+Bethany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Common Worship, published by Church House Publishing, 2000, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7151-2000-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-7151-2000-X">0-7151-2000-X</a>, p. 11.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bible.oremus.org/?passage=Luke%2016:19–31&version=nrsv">Luke 16:19–31</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biblica.com/bible/?osis=niv:Luke%2016:19–31">Luke 16:19–31</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOLK-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOLK_74-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOLK_74-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Stephen Gencarella Olbrys, "Money talks: folklore in the public sphere". <i>Folklore</i> Vol. 116, No. 3 (December 2005), p. 292-310.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Richard Hamann, "Lazarus in Heaven". <i>The Burlington Magazine for Connoisseurs</i> 63 No. 364 (July 1933), p. 3–5, 8–11</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OSLJ-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-OSLJ_76-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.st-lazarus.net/international/index.html">"History"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120701192902/http://www.st-lazarus.net/international/index.html">Archived</a> 1 July 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, official international website of the Military and Hospitaller Order of Saint Lazarus of Jerusalem. Retrieved on 14 September 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ṭabarī, <i>Taʾrīk̲h̲</i>, i, 187, 731, 739</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">T̲h̲aʿlabī, <i>Ḳiṣaṣ al-anbiyāʾ</i>, Cairo 1325/1907-8, ii, 307.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ibn al-At̲h̲īr, i, 122, 123.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#What_information_to_include" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="A complete citation is needed. (February 2021)">full citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PHILOMUSE-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PHILOMUSE_80-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PHILOMUSE_80-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.philomuse.com/kingfisher/lab/lazarus.htm">Lazarus</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081204134331/http://www.philomuse.com/kingfisher/lab/lazarus.htm">Archived</a> 4 December 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">For the treatment of this subject in Western European art, see the discussion in Franco Mormando, "Tintoretto's Recently Rediscovered <i>Raising of Lazarus</i>, in <i>The Burlington Magazine</i>, v. 142 (2000): pp. 624–29.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClark_Diven_Lamberton1905" class="citation book cs1">Clark Diven Lamberton (1905). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/themesfromstjohn00lamb"><i>Themes from St. John's gospel in early Roman catacomb painting</i></a>. [Princeton], Princeton university press. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/themesfromstjohn00lamb/page/58">58</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Themes+from+St.+John%27s+gospel+in+early+Roman+catacomb+painting&rft.pages=58&rft.pub=%5BPrinceton%5D%2C+Princeton+university+press&rft.date=1905&rft.au=Clark+Diven+Lamberton&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fthemesfromstjohn00lamb&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALazarus+of+Bethany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHerman_Melville1922" class="citation web cs1">Herman Melville (1922). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/mobydickorwhale01melvuoft">"Moby-Dick"</a>. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/mobydickorwhale01melvuoft/page/288">288</a> – via <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Moby-Dick&rft.pages=288&rft.date=1922&rft.au=Herman+Melville&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmobydickorwhale01melvuoft&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALazarus+of+Bethany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bib&lit-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bib&lit_84-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bib&lit_84-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavid_Lyle_Jeffrey1992" class="citation book cs1">David Lyle Jeffrey (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zD6xVr1CizIC&pg=PA440"><i>A Dictionary of Biblical Tradition in English Literature</i></a>. Wm. B. Eerdmans. p. 440. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780802836342" title="Special:BookSources/9780802836342"><bdi>9780802836342</bdi></a> – via <a href="/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Google Books</a>. <q>Mark Twain, who refers ironically to the legal implications of Lazarus's resurrection.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Dictionary+of+Biblical+Tradition+in+English+Literature&rft.pages=440&rft.pub=Wm.+B.+Eerdmans&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=9780802836342&rft.au=David+Lyle+Jeffrey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DzD6xVr1CizIC%26pg%3DPA440&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALazarus+of+Bethany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.generousorthodoxy.org/sermons/the-raising-of-lazarus.aspx">[1]</a><a href="/wiki/Fleming_Rutledge" title="Fleming Rutledge">Rutledge, Fleming</a><span>. "The Raising of Lazarus", Generous Orthodoxy, 1980</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/fablesofman0000twai">Mark Twain's Fables of Man</a></i> (1972). Edited by John S. Tuckey. Berkeley, University of California Press, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-520-02039-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-520-02039-1">0-520-02039-1</a> pp.65-66, 74. "the lawyer said that if Lazarus left any property behind him he most certainly found himself penniless when he was raised from the dead; that if there was any dispute between him and his heirs, the law upheld the latter."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAndreyev1906" class="citation book cs1">Andreyev, Leonid (1906). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090219013554/http://www.russianshortstories.com/andreyev/lazarus/i.htm"><i>Lazarus</i></a>. MacMillan. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.russianshortstories.com/andreyev/lazarus/i.htm">the original</a> on 19 February 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 February</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lazarus&rft.pub=MacMillan&rft.date=1906&rft.aulast=Andreyev&rft.aufirst=Leonid&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.russianshortstories.com%2Fandreyev%2Flazarus%2Fi.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALazarus+of+Bethany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.online-literature.com/leonid-andreyev/">"Leonid N. Andreyev"</a>. The Literature Network<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Leonid+N.+Andreyev&rft.pub=The+Literature+Network&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.online-literature.com%2Fleonid-andreyev%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALazarus+of+Bethany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobinson1920" class="citation book cs1">Robinson, Edwin Arlington (1920). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/threetavernsbook00robiuoft"><i>The Three Taverns: A Book of Poems</i></a>. New York: MacMillan. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/threetavernsbook00robiuoft/page/109">109</a>–20.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Three+Taverns%3A+A+Book+of+Poems&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=109-20&rft.pub=MacMillan&rft.date=1920&rft.aulast=Robinson&rft.aufirst=Edwin+Arlington&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fthreetavernsbook00robiuoft&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALazarus+of+Bethany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Witness-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Witness_90-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChambers1952" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Whittaker_Chambers" title="Whittaker Chambers">Chambers, Whittaker</a> (1952). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/witnesscha00cham"><i>Witness</i></a></span>. New York: Random House. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/witnesscha00cham/page/799">799</a> (total). <a href="/wiki/LCCN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="LCCN (identifier)">LCCN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lccn.loc.gov/52005149">52005149</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Witness&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=799+%28total%29&rft.pub=Random+House&rft.date=1952&rft_id=info%3Alccn%2F52005149&rft.aulast=Chambers&rft.aufirst=Whittaker&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fwitnesscha00cham&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALazarus+of+Bethany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSolomonHiggins2010" class="citation book cs1">Solomon, Robert C.; Higgins, Kathleen M. (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ekh2AKqXdqgC&pg=PA181"><i>The Big Questions: A Short Introduction to Philosophy</i></a>. Cengage Learning. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780495595151" title="Special:BookSources/9780495595151"><bdi>9780495595151</bdi></a> – via <a href="/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Google Books</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Big+Questions%3A+A+Short+Introduction+to+Philosophy&rft.pub=Cengage+Learning&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=9780495595151&rft.aulast=Solomon&rft.aufirst=Robert+C.&rft.au=Higgins%2C+Kathleen+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dekh2AKqXdqgC%26pg%3DPA181&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALazarus+of+Bethany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-StanfordReview-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-StanfordReview_92-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStanford2019" class="citation news cs1">Stanford, Peter (7 April 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/books/2019/apr/07/gospel-according-to-lazarus-richard-zimler-review">"The Gospel According to Lazarus review – miraculous page-turner (book review)"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 July</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=The+Gospel+According+to+Lazarus+review+%E2%80%93+miraculous+page-turner+%28book+review%29&rft.date=2019-04-07&rft.aulast=Stanford&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fbooks%2F2019%2Fapr%2F07%2Fgospel-according-to-lazarus-richard-zimler-review&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALazarus+of+Bethany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.musicpubco.net/carman_bio.html">Carman Bio</a>, MPCA promotional material.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jesusfreakhideout.com/cdreviews/CominOnStrong.asp"><i>Comin' On Strong</i> discography</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPaulson2016" class="citation news cs1">Paulson, Michael (13 January 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2016/01/14/theater/after-david-bowie-death-lazarus-holds-new-meaning-for-fans.html">"After David Bowie's Death, 'Lazarus' Holds New Meaning for Fans"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 January</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=After+David+Bowie%27s+Death%2C+%27Lazarus%27+Holds+New+Meaning+for+Fans&rft.date=2016-01-13&rft.aulast=Paulson&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2016%2F01%2F14%2Ftheater%2Fafter-david-bowie-death-lazarus-holds-new-meaning-for-fans.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALazarus+of+Bethany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-timeline-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-timeline_96-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-timeline_96-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/article/detroit-free-press-henry-ossawa-tanner-t/126473501/">"Henry Ossawa Tanner 1859/1937"</a>. <i>Detroit Free Press</i>. 14 July 1991. pp. 284–285.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Detroit+Free+Press&rft.atitle=Henry+Ossawa+Tanner+1859%2F1937&rft.pages=284-285&rft.date=1991-07-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Farticle%2Fdetroit-free-press-henry-ossawa-tanner-t%2F126473501%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALazarus+of+Bethany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2004/02/28/1077677011993.html">"Thoughts of a bypassed Lazarus"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Age" title="The Age">The Age</a></i>, Melbourne, 29 February 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 July</span> 2007</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Age&rft.atitle=Thoughts+of+a+bypassed+Lazarus&rft.date=2004-02-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theage.com.au%2Farticles%2F2004%2F02%2F28%2F1077677011993.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALazarus+of+Bethany" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wilentz, Amy. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/16/opinion/16wilentz.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0">The Haitian Lazarus</a>.</i> <i>NY Times</i> (Op-Ed). 15 March 2011.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span 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class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Control of nature</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wedding_at_Cana" title="Wedding at Cana">Wedding at Cana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miraculous_catch_of_fish" title="Miraculous catch of fish">Miraculous catch of fish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coin_in_the_fish%27s_mouth" title="Coin in the fish's mouth">Coin in the fish's mouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feeding_the_multitude" title="Feeding the multitude">Feeding the multitude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cursing_the_fig_tree" class="mw-redirect" title="Cursing the fig tree">Cursing the fig tree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calming_the_storm" title="Calming the storm">Calming the storm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_walking_on_water" title="Jesus walking on water">Jesus walking on water</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mielno_witraz_Przemienienie_Chrystusa_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Mielno_witraz_Przemienienie_Chrystusa_2.jpg/100px-Mielno_witraz_Przemienienie_Chrystusa_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="192" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Mielno_witraz_Przemienienie_Chrystusa_2.jpg/150px-Mielno_witraz_Przemienienie_Chrystusa_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Mielno_witraz_Przemienienie_Chrystusa_2.jpg/200px-Mielno_witraz_Przemienienie_Chrystusa_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1012" data-file-height="1945" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_healing_the_bleeding_woman" title="Jesus healing the bleeding woman">Jesus healing the bleeding woman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blind_man_of_Bethsaida" title="Blind man of Bethsaida">Blind man of Bethsaida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healing_the_blind_near_Jericho" title="Healing the blind near Jericho">Healing the blind near Jericho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healing_the_two_blind_men_in_Galilee" title="Healing the two blind men in Galilee">Healing the two blind men in Galilee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healing_the_centurion%27s_servant" title="Healing the centurion's servant">Healing the centurion's servant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_cleansing_a_leper" title="Jesus cleansing a leper">Jesus cleansing a leper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleansing_ten_lepers" title="Cleansing ten lepers">Cleansing ten lepers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healing_the_deaf_mute_of_Decapolis" title="Healing the deaf mute of Decapolis">Healing the deaf mute of Decapolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healing_a_man_with_dropsy" title="Healing a man with dropsy">Healing a man with dropsy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_healing_in_the_land_of_Gennesaret" title="Jesus healing in the land of Gennesaret">Jesus healing in the land of Gennesaret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_healing_an_infirm_woman" title="Jesus healing an infirm woman">Jesus healing an infirm woman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healing_the_man_blind_from_birth" title="Healing the man blind from birth">Healing the man blind from birth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healing_the_mother_of_Peter%27s_wife" title="Healing the mother of Peter's wife">Healing the mother of Peter's wife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healing_the_paralytic_at_Bethesda" title="Healing the paralytic at Bethesda">Healing the paralytic at Bethesda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healing_the_paralytic_at_Capernaum" title="Healing the paralytic at Capernaum">Healing the paralytic at Capernaum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healing_the_royal_official%27s_son" title="Healing the royal official's son">Healing the royal official's son</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healing_the_ear_of_a_servant" title="Healing the ear of a servant">Healing the ear of a servant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healing_the_man_with_a_withered_hand" title="Healing the man with a withered hand">Healing the man with a withered hand</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Exorcisms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_in_the_synagogue_of_Capernaum" title="Jesus in the synagogue of Capernaum">Jesus in the synagogue of Capernaum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_exorcising_at_sunset" title="Jesus exorcising at sunset">Jesus exorcising at sunset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exorcism_of_the_Gerasene_demoniac" title="Exorcism of the Gerasene demoniac">Exorcism of the Gerasene demoniac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_exorcising_a_mute" title="Jesus exorcising a mute">Jesus exorcising a mute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exorcising_the_blind_and_mute_man" title="Exorcising the blind and mute man">Exorcising the blind and mute man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exorcism_of_the_Syrophoenician_woman%27s_daughter" title="Exorcism of the Syrophoenician woman's daughter">Exorcism of the Syrophoenician woman's daughter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exorcising_a_boy_possessed_by_a_demon" title="Exorcising a boy possessed by a demon">Exorcising a boy possessed by a demon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Raising the dead</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Raising_of_the_son_of_the_widow_of_Nain" title="Raising of the son of the widow of Nain">Raising of the son of the widow of Nain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raising_of_Jairus%27_daughter" title="Raising of Jairus' daughter">Raising of Jairus' daughter</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lazarus of Bethany</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Personal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Transfiguration_of_Jesus" title="Transfiguration of Jesus">Transfiguration of Jesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resurrection_of_Jesus" title="Resurrection of Jesus">Resurrection of Jesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ascension_of_Jesus" title="Ascension of Jesus">Ascension of Jesus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jesus" title="Jesus">Jesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Jesus" title="Ministry of Jesus">Ministry of Jesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miracle" title="Miracle">Miracle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><b><a href="/wiki/Portal:Christianity" title="Portal:Christianity">Christianity Portal</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="New_Testament_people" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:New_Testament_people" title="Template:New Testament people"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:New_Testament_people" title="Template talk:New Testament people"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:New_Testament_people" title="Special:EditPage/Template:New Testament people"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="New_Testament_people" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Category:New_Testament_people" title="Category:New Testament people">New Testament people</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Jesus" title="Jesus">Jesus</a> <a href="/wiki/Christ_(title)" title="Christ (title)">Christ</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_in_Christianity" title="Jesus in Christianity">In Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_Jesus" title="Historical Jesus">Historical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Life_of_Jesus_in_the_New_Testament" class="mw-redirect" title="Life of Jesus in the New Testament">Life of Jesus in the New Testament</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Gospel" title="Gospel">Gospels</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;font-weight:normal">Individuals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alphaeus" title="Alphaeus">Alphaeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_the_Prophetess" title="Anna the Prophetess">Anna the Prophetess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annas" title="Annas">Annas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barabbas" title="Barabbas">Barabbas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healing_the_blind_near_Jericho" title="Healing the blind near Jericho">Bartimaeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blind_man_of_Bethsaida" title="Blind man of Bethsaida">Blind man <span style="font-size:85%;">(Bethsaida)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caiaphas" title="Caiaphas">Caiaphas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celidonius" title="Celidonius">Celidonius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleopas" title="Cleopas">Cleopas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clopas" title="Clopas">Clopas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devil_in_Christianity" title="Devil in Christianity">Devil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penitent_thief" title="Penitent thief">Penitent thief <span style="font-size:85%;">("Dismas")</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_(biblical_figure)" title="Elizabeth (biblical figure)">Elizabeth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel" title="Gabriel">Gabriel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impenitent_thief" title="Impenitent thief">Impenitent thief <span style="font-size:85%;">("Gestas")</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raising_of_Jairus%27_daughter" title="Raising of Jairus' daughter">Jairus' daughter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joanna,_wife_of_Chuza" title="Joanna, wife of Chuza">Joanna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_the_Baptist" title="John the Baptist">John the Baptist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Joseph" title="Saint Joseph">Joseph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_of_Arimathea" title="Joseph of Arimathea">Joseph of Arimathea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jude,_brother_of_Jesus" title="Jude, brother of Jesus">Jude</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lazarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legion_(demons)" title="Legion (demons)">Legion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luke_the_Evangelist" title="Luke the Evangelist">Luke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lysanias" title="Lysanias">Lysanias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malchus" title="Malchus">Malchus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martha" title="Martha">Martha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary,_mother_of_Jesus" title="Mary, mother of Jesus">Mary, mother of Jesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Magdalene" title="Mary Magdalene">Mary Magdalene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary,_mother_of_James" title="Mary, mother of James">Mary, mother of James</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_of_Bethany" title="Mary of Bethany">Mary, sister of Martha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_of_Clopas" title="Mary of Clopas">Mary of Clopas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naked_fugitive" title="Naked fugitive">Naked fugitive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raising_of_the_son_of_the_widow_of_Nain" title="Raising of the son of the widow of Nain">Son of Nain's widow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicodemus" title="Nicodemus">Nicodemus</a> (<a href="/wiki/Nicodemus_ben_Gurion" title="Nicodemus ben Gurion">Nicodemus ben Gurion</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salome_(disciple)" title="Salome (disciple)">Salome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samaritan_woman_at_the_well" title="Samaritan woman at the well">Samaritan woman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satan" title="Satan">Satan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simeon_(Gospel_of_Luke)" title="Simeon (Gospel of Luke)">Simeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon,_brother_of_Jesus" title="Simon, brother of Jesus">Simon, brother of Jesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_of_Cyrene" title="Simon of Cyrene">Simon of Cyrene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_the_Leper" title="Simon the Leper">Simon the Leper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_the_Pharisee" title="Simon the Pharisee">Simon the Pharisee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susanna_(disciple)" title="Susanna (disciple)">Susanna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exorcism_of_the_Syrophoenician_woman%27s_daughter" title="Exorcism of the Syrophoenician woman's daughter">Syrophoenician woman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theophilus_(biblical)" title="Theophilus (biblical)">Theophilus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zacchaeus" title="Zacchaeus">Zacchaeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zebedee" title="Zebedee">Zebedee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zechariah_(New_Testament_figure)" title="Zechariah (New Testament figure)">Zechariah</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;font-weight:normal">Multiple</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_Testament_people_named_James" title="New Testament people named James">People named James</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Testament_people_named_John" title="New Testament people named John">People named John</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Testament_people_named_Joseph" title="New Testament people named Joseph">People named Joseph</a> (or <a href="/wiki/Joses" title="Joses">Joses</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Testament_people_named_Judas_or_Jude" title="New Testament people named Judas or Jude">People named Judas or Jude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Testament_people_named_Mary" title="New Testament people named Mary">People named Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Testament_people_named_Simon" title="New Testament people named Simon">People named Simon or Simeon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;font-weight:normal">Groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angel#Christian_beliefs" title="Angel">Angels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brothers_of_Jesus" title="Brothers of Jesus">Jesus's brothers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_demonology" title="Christian demonology">Demons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disciple_(Christianity)" title="Disciple (Christianity)">Disciples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Evangelists" title="Four Evangelists">Evangelists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Female_disciples_of_Jesus" class="mw-redirect" title="Female disciples of Jesus">Female disciples of Jesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/God-fearer" title="God-fearer">God-fearers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herodians" title="Herodians">Herodians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biblical_Magi" title="Biblical Magi">Magi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myrrhbearers" title="Myrrhbearers">Myrrhbearers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_names_for_the_biblical_nameless#New_Testament" title="List of names for the biblical nameless">Nameless</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pharisees" title="Pharisees">Pharisees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prophets_of_Christianity" title="Prophets of Christianity">Prophets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proselyte" title="Proselyte">Proselytes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadducees" title="Sadducees">Sadducees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samaritans" title="Samaritans">Samaritans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanhedrin" title="Sanhedrin">Sanhedrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sofer" title="Sofer">Scribes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seventy_disciples" title="Seventy disciples">Seventy disciples</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adoration_of_the_Shepherds" title="Adoration of the Shepherds">Shepherds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_at_the_crucifixion" title="Women at the crucifixion">Women at the crucifixion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zealots_(Judea)" class="mw-redirect" title="Zealots (Judea)">Zealots</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Apostles_in_the_New_Testament" title="Apostles in the New Testament">Apostles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_the_Apostle" title="Andrew the Apostle">Andrew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bartholomew_the_Apostle" title="Bartholomew the Apostle">Bartholomew</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nathanael_(follower_of_Jesus)" title="Nathanael (follower of Jesus)">Nathanael</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James,_son_of_Alphaeus" title="James, son of Alphaeus">James, son of Alphaeus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_the_Less" title="James the Less">Less</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_the_Great" title="James the Great">James, son of Zebedee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_the_Apostle" title="John the Apostle">John</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_the_Evangelist" title="John the Evangelist">Evangelist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_of_Patmos" title="John of Patmos">Patmos</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Disciple_whom_Jesus_loved" title="Disciple whom Jesus loved">Disciple whom Jesus loved</a>"</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judas_Iscariot" title="Judas Iscariot">Judas Iscariot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jude_the_Apostle" title="Jude the Apostle">Judas Thaddaeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_the_Apostle" title="Matthew the Apostle">Matthew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_the_Apostle" title="Philip the Apostle">Philip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Peter" title="Saint Peter">Simon Peter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_the_Zealot" title="Simon the Zealot">Simon the Zealot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_the_Apostle" title="Thomas the Apostle">Thomas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Acts_of_the_Apostles" title="Acts of the Apostles">Acts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aeneas_(biblical_figure)" title="Aeneas (biblical figure)">Aeneas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agabus" title="Agabus">Agabus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ananias_of_Damascus" title="Ananias of Damascus">Ananias <span style="font-size:85%;">(Damascus)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ananias_and_Sapphira" title="Ananias and Sapphira">Ananias <span style="font-size:85%;">(Judaea)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ananias_son_of_Nedebeus" title="Ananias son of Nedebeus">Ananias son of Nedebeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollos" title="Apollos">Apollos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priscilla_and_Aquila" title="Priscilla and Aquila">Aquila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aristarchus_of_Thessalonica" title="Aristarchus of Thessalonica">Aristarchus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barnabas" title="Barnabas">Barnabas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blastus" title="Blastus">Blastus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornelius_the_Centurion" title="Cornelius the Centurion">Cornelius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damaris_(biblical_figure)" title="Damaris (biblical figure)">Damaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demetrius_(biblical_figure)" title="Demetrius (biblical figure)">Demetrius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysius_the_Areopagite" title="Dionysius the Areopagite">Dionysius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorcas" title="Dorcas">Dorcas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elymas" title="Elymas">Elymas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_(prophet)" title="Egyptian (prophet)">Egyptian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_eunuch" title="Ethiopian eunuch">Ethiopian eunuch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eutychus" title="Eutychus">Eutychus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamaliel" title="Gamaliel">Gamaliel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James,_brother_of_Jesus" title="James, brother of Jesus">James, brother of Jesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jason_of_Thessalonica" title="Jason of Thessalonica">Jason</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Barsabbas" title="Joseph Barsabbas">Joseph Barsabbas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judas_Barsabbas" title="Judas Barsabbas">Judas Barsabbas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judas_of_Galilee" title="Judas of Galilee">Judas of Galilee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucius_of_Cyrene" title="Lucius of Cyrene">Lucius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luke_the_Evangelist" title="Luke the Evangelist">Luke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lydia_of_Thyatira" title="Lydia of Thyatira">Lydia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manahen" title="Manahen">Manaen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Mark" title="John Mark">(John) Mark</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mark_the_Evangelist" title="Mark the Evangelist">Evangelist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_the_cousin_of_Barnabas" title="Mark the cousin of Barnabas">cousin of Barnabas</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary,_mother_of_John_Mark" title="Mary, mother of John Mark">Mary, mother of (John) Mark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthias_the_Apostle" title="Matthias the Apostle">Matthias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mnason" title="Mnason">Mnason</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicanor_the_Deacon" title="Nicanor the Deacon">Nicanor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolaism#Nicolas" title="Nicolaism">Nicholas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parmenas" title="Parmenas">Parmenas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_the_Apostle" title="Paul the Apostle">Paul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_the_Evangelist" title="Philip the Evangelist">Philip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priscilla_and_Aquila" title="Priscilla and Aquila">Priscilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prochorus_(deacon)" title="Prochorus (deacon)">Prochorus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Publius" title="Saint Publius">Publius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhoda_(biblical_figure)" title="Rhoda (biblical figure)">Rhoda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ananias_and_Sapphira" title="Ananias and Sapphira">Sapphira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sceva" title="Sceva">Sceva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_Deacons" title="Seven Deacons">Seven Deacons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silas" title="Silas">Silas</a> / <a href="/wiki/Silvanus_of_the_Seventy" title="Silvanus of the Seventy">Silvanus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simeon_Niger" title="Simeon Niger">Simeon Niger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Magus" title="Simon Magus">Simon Magus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sopater" title="Sopater">Sopater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sosthenes" title="Sosthenes">Sosthenes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Stephen" title="Saint Stephen">Stephen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theudas" title="Theudas">Theudas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Timothy" title="Saint Timothy">Timothy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Titus" title="Saint Titus">Titus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trophimus" title="Trophimus">Trophimus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tychicus" title="Tychicus">Tychicus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zenas_the_Lawyer" title="Zenas the Lawyer">Zenas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center">Romans and<br /><a href="/wiki/Herodian_dynasty" title="Herodian dynasty">Herod's family</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;font-weight:normal">Gospels</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Herod_Antipas" title="Herod Antipas">Antipas</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Herod_Archelaus" title="Herod Archelaus">Archelaus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Herod_the_Great" title="Herod the Great">Herod the Great</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Herodias" title="Herodias">Herodias</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longinus" title="Longinus">Longinus</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Philip_the_Tetrarch" title="Philip the Tetrarch">Philip</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontius_Pilate" title="Pontius Pilate">Pilate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontius_Pilate%27s_wife" title="Pontius Pilate's wife">Pilate's wife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quirinius" title="Quirinius">Quirinius</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Salome" title="Salome">Salome</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiberius" title="Tiberius">Tiberius</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4.75em;font-weight:normal">Acts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Herod_Agrippa" title="Herod Agrippa">Agrippa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Herod_Agrippa_II" title="Herod Agrippa II">Agrippa II</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Berenice_(daughter_of_Herod_Agrippa)" title="Berenice (daughter of Herod Agrippa)">Berenice</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornelius_the_Centurion" title="Cornelius the Centurion">Cornelius</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Drusilla_(daughter_of_Herod_Agrippa)" title="Drusilla (daughter of Herod Agrippa)">Drusilla</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonius_Felix" title="Antonius Felix">Felix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porcius_Festus" title="Porcius Festus">Festus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lucius_Junius_Gallio_Annaeanus" title="Lucius Junius Gallio Annaeanus">Gallio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudius_Lysias" title="Claudius Lysias">Lysias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergius_Paulus" title="Sergius Paulus">Paullus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Epistle" title="Epistle">Epistles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Achaicus_of_Corinth" title="Achaicus of Corinth">Achaicus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_(Ephesian)" title="Alexander (Ephesian)">Alexander of Ephesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_the_Coppersmith" title="Alexander the Coppersmith">Alexander the Coppersmith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andronicus_of_Pannonia" title="Andronicus of Pannonia">Andronicus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archippus" title="Archippus">Archippus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aretas_IV_Philopatris" title="Aretas IV Philopatris">Aretas IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artemas_(saint)" title="Artemas (saint)">Artemas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carpus_of_Beroea" title="Carpus of Beroea">Carpus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Claudia" title="Saint Claudia">Claudia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crescens" title="Crescens">Crescens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demas" title="Demas">Demas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diotrephes" title="Diotrephes">Diotrephes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epaphras" title="Epaphras">Epaphras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epaphroditus" title="Epaphroditus">Epaphroditus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erastus_of_Corinth" title="Erastus of Corinth">Erastus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eunice_(biblical_figure)" title="Eunice (biblical figure)">Eunice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euodia_and_Syntyche" title="Euodia and Syntyche">Euodia and Syntyche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herodion_of_Patras" title="Herodion of Patras">Herodion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hymenaeus_(biblical_figure)" title="Hymenaeus (biblical figure)">Hymenaeus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_Justus" title="Jesus Justus">Jesus Justus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junia_(New_Testament_person)" title="Junia (New Testament person)">Junia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Linus" title="Pope Linus">Linus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lois_(biblical_figure)" title="Lois (biblical figure)">Lois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_of_Rome" title="Mary of Rome">Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_(archangel)" title="Michael (archangel)">Michael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nymphas" title="Nymphas">Nymphas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympas" title="Olympas">Olympas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onesimus" title="Onesimus">Onesimus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Onesiphorus" title="Onesiphorus">Onesiphorus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Pudens" title="Saint Pudens">Pudens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philemon_(biblical_figure)" title="Philemon (biblical figure)">Philemon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philetus_(biblical_figure)" title="Philetus (biblical figure)">Philetus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoebe_(biblical_figure)" title="Phoebe (biblical figure)">Phoebe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quartus" title="Quartus">Quartus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sosipater" title="Sosipater">Sosipater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tertius_of_Iconium" title="Tertius of Iconium">Tertius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tryphena_and_Tryphosa" title="Tryphena and Tryphosa">Tryphena and Tryphosa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Revelation" title="Book of Revelation">Revelation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antipas_of_Pergamum" title="Antipas of Pergamum">Antipas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Horsemen_of_the_Apocalypse" title="Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse">Four Horsemen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abaddon" title="Abaddon">Apollyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two_witnesses" title="Two witnesses">Two witnesses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woman_of_the_Apocalypse" title="Woman of the Apocalypse">Woman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beast_(Revelation)" title="The Beast (Revelation)">Beast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Angels%27_Messages" title="Three Angels' Messages">Three Angels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whore_of_Babylon" title="Whore of Babylon">Whore of Babylon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Gospel_of_John" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Gospel_of_John" title="Template:Gospel of John"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Gospel_of_John" title="Template talk:Gospel of John"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Gospel_of_John" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Gospel of John"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Gospel_of_John" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Gospel_of_John" title="Gospel of John">Gospel of John</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bible" title="Bible">Bible</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/New_Testament" title="New Testament">New Testament</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Gospel_of_John_chapters" title="Category:Gospel of John chapters">Chapters</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_1" title="John 1">John 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Signs" title="Book of Signs">Book of Signs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_2" title="John 2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_3" title="John 3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_4" title="John 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_5" title="John 5">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_6" title="John 6">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_7" title="John 7">7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_8" title="John 8">8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_9" title="John 9">9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_10" title="John 10">10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_11" title="John 11">11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_12" title="John 12">12</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Glory" class="mw-redirect" title="Book of Glory">Book of Glory</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_13" title="John 13">13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_14" title="John 14">14</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_15" title="John 15">15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_16" title="John 16">16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_17" title="John 17">17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_18" title="John 18">18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_19" title="John 19">19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_20" title="John 20">20</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_21" title="John 21">Epilogue: 21</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Gospel_of_John_verses" title="Category:Gospel of John verses">Verses</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_1:1" title="John 1:1">John 1:1</a>–<a href="/wiki/John_1:20" title="John 1:20">20</a>; <a href="/wiki/John_1:23" title="John 1:23">23</a>; <a href="/wiki/John_1:25" title="John 1:25">25</a>–<a href="/wiki/John_1:33" title="John 1:33">33</a>; <a href="/wiki/John_1:35" title="John 1:35">35</a>–<a href="/wiki/John_1:42" title="John 1:42">42</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_3:16" title="John 3:16">3:16</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Via_et_veritas_et_vita" title="Via et veritas et vita">14:6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_18:38" title="John 18:38">18:38</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:John_20" title="Category:John 20">20:1–31</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events<br />(chronological)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wedding_at_Cana" title="Wedding at Cana">Wedding at Cana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bread_of_Life_Discourse" title="Bread of Life Discourse">Bread of Life Discourse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feeding_the_multitude" title="Feeding the multitude">Feeding the 5000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healing_the_man_blind_from_birth" title="Healing the man blind from birth">Healing a blind man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healing_the_paralytic_at_Bethesda" title="Healing the paralytic at Bethesda">Healing a paralytic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healing_the_royal_official%27s_son" title="Healing the royal official's son">Healing a sick son</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_and_the_woman_taken_in_adultery" title="Jesus and the woman taken in adultery">Jesus and the woman taken in adultery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_walking_on_water" title="Jesus walking on water">Walking on water</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raising_of_Lazarus" class="mw-redirect" title="Raising of Lazarus">Raising of Lazarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anointing_of_Jesus" title="Anointing of Jesus">Anointing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maundy_(foot_washing)" title="Maundy (foot washing)">Foot washing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passion_of_Jesus" title="Passion of Jesus">Passion of Jesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Last_Supper" title="Last Supper">Last Supper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farewell_Discourse" title="Farewell Discourse">Farewell Discourse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crucifixion_of_Jesus" title="Crucifixion of Jesus">Crucifixion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burial_of_Jesus" title="Burial of Jesus">Burial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empty_tomb" title="Empty tomb">Empty tomb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resurrection_of_Jesus" title="Resurrection of Jesus">Resurrection of Jesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Restoration_of_Peter" title="Restoration of Peter">Restoration of Peter</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Phrases</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/In_the_beginning_(phrase)" title="In the beginning (phrase)">In the beginning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logos_(Christianity)" title="Logos (Christianity)">Logos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disciple_whom_Jesus_loved" title="Disciple whom Jesus loved">Disciple whom Jesus loved</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doubting_Thomas" title="Doubting Thomas">Doubting Thomas</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ecce_homo" title="Ecce homo">Ecce homo</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanukkah" title="Hanukkah">Feast of Dedication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Commandment" title="New Commandment">"Love one another"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_wept" title="Jesus wept">Jesus wept</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Noli_me_tangere" title="Noli me tangere">Noli me tangere</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Quod_scripsi,_scripsi" title="Quod scripsi, scripsi">Quod scripsi, scripsi</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/That_they_all_may_be_one" title="That they all may be one">That they all may be one</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Via_et_veritas_et_vita" title="Via et veritas et vita">Via et veritas et vita</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_truth_will_set_you_free" title="The truth will set you free">The truth will set you free</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_the_Apostle" title="Andrew the Apostle">Andrew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annas" title="Annas">Annas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caiaphas" title="Caiaphas">Caiaphas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herod_Antipas" title="Herod Antipas">Herod Antipas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus" title="Jesus">Jesus Christ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_the_Baptist" title="John the Baptist">John the Baptist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_of_Arimathea" title="Joseph of Arimathea">Joseph of Arimathea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judas_Iscariot" title="Judas Iscariot">Judas Iscariot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary,_mother_of_Jesus" title="Mary, mother of Jesus">Mother of Jesus</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Lazarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malchus" title="Malchus">Malchus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martha" title="Martha">Martha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Magdalene" title="Mary Magdalene">Mary Magdalene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_of_Bethany" title="Mary of Bethany">Mary, sister of Martha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathanael_(follower_of_Jesus)" title="Nathanael (follower of Jesus)">Nathanael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicodemus" title="Nicodemus">Nicodemus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_the_Apostle" title="Philip the Apostle">Philip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontius_Pilate" title="Pontius Pilate">Pontius Pilate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Peter" title="Saint Peter">Simon Peter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_the_Apostle" title="Thomas the Apostle">Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zebedee" title="Zebedee">Zebedee</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Groups</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Angel" title="Angel">Angels</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pharisees" title="Pharisees">Pharisees</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sadducees" title="Sadducees">Sadducees</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Samaritans" title="Samaritans">Samaritans</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sanhedrin" title="Sanhedrin">Sanhedrin</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%86non" class="mw-redirect" title="Ænon">Ænon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bethabara" class="mw-redirect" title="Bethabara">Bethabara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bethany" title="Bethany">Bethany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bethsaida" title="Bethsaida">Bethsaida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cana" title="Cana">Cana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capernaum" title="Capernaum">Capernaum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galilee" title="Galilee">Galilee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacob%27s_Well" title="Jacob's Well">Jacob's Well</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordan_River" title="Jordan River">Jordan River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judea" title="Judea">Judea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kidron_Valley" title="Kidron Valley">Kidron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samaria" title="Samaria">Samaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea_of_Galilee" title="Sea of Galilee">Sea of Galilee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solomon%27s_Porch" title="Solomon's Porch">Solomon's Porch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shechem" title="Shechem">Sychar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">"<a href="/wiki/Ego_eimi" title="Ego eimi">I AM</a>" sayings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/I_am_(biblical_term)" title="I am (biblical term)">I am (biblical term)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bread_of_Life_Discourse" title="Bread of Life Discourse">Bread of Life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Light_of_the_World" title="Light of the World">Light of the World</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_10" title="John 10">Gate for the Sheep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Good_Shepherd" title="Good Shepherd">Good Shepherd</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/John_11" title="John 11">Resurrectio et Vita</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Via_et_veritas_et_vita" title="Via et veritas et vita">Via et veritas et vita</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/True_Vine" title="True Vine">True Vine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Authorship_of_the_Johannine_works" title="Authorship of the Johannine works">Authorship</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Johannine_community" title="Johannine community">Johannine community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_the_Apostle" title="John the Apostle">John the Apostle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_the_Evangelist" title="John the Evangelist">John the Evangelist</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannine_literature" title="Johannine literature">Johannine literature</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Spirit_in_Johannine_literature" title="Holy Spirit in Johannine literature">Holy Spirit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Textual_variants_in_the_Gospel_of_John" title="Textual variants in the Gospel of John">Textual variants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apocryphon_of_John" title="Apocryphon of John">Apocryphon of John</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Apocalypse_of_John" title="Second Apocalypse of John">Second Apocalypse of John</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Gospel_According_to_John_(Pillar_New_Testament_Commentary)" title="The Gospel According to John (Pillar New Testament Commentary)">Pillar New Testament Commentary</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Adaptations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/St_John_Passion" title="St John Passion">St John Passion</a></i> (J. S. Bach, 1724) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/St_John_Passion_structure" title="St John Passion structure">Structure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_John_Passion_discography" title="St John Passion discography">Discography</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Passio_(P%C3%A4rt)" title="Passio (Pärt)">Passio</a></i> (Pärt, 1982)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Gospel_of_John_(2003_film)" title="The Gospel of John (2003 film)">The Gospel of John</a></i> (2003 film)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Gospel_of_John_(2014_film)" title="The Gospel of John (2014 film)">The Gospel of John</a></i> (2014 film)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Manuscripts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_2" title="Papyrus 2">Papyrus 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_5" class="mw-redirect" title="Papyrus 5">5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_6" title="Papyrus 6">6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_22" title="Papyrus 22">22</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_28" title="Papyrus 28">28</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_36" title="Papyrus 36">36</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_39" title="Papyrus 39">39</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_44" title="Papyrus 44">44</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_45" title="Papyrus 45">45</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rylands_Library_Papyrus_P52" title="Rylands Library Papyrus P52">52</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_55" title="Papyrus 55">55</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_59" title="Papyrus 59">59</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_60" title="Papyrus 60">60</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_63" title="Papyrus 63">63</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_66" title="Papyrus 66">66</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_75" title="Papyrus 75">75</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_76" title="Papyrus 76">76</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_80" title="Papyrus 80">80</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_84" title="Papyrus 84">84</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_90" title="Papyrus 90">90</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_93" title="Papyrus 93">93</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_95" title="Papyrus 95">95</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_106" title="Papyrus 106">106</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_107" title="Papyrus 107">107</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_108" title="Papyrus 108">108</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_109" title="Papyrus 109">109</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_119" title="Papyrus 119">119</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_120" title="Papyrus 120">120</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_121" title="Papyrus 121">121</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_122" title="Papyrus 122">122</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papyrus_128" title="Papyrus 128">128</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohrid_Glagolitic_fragments" title="Ohrid Glagolitic fragments">Ohrid Glagolitic fragments</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sources</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/el:%CE%9A%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%AC_%CE%99%CF%89%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%BD%CE%B7%CE%BD" class="extiw" title="wikisource:el:Κατά Ιωάννην">Greek Text</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/la:Biblia_Sacra_Vulgata_(Stuttgartensia)/Ioannes" class="extiw" title="wikisource:la:Biblia Sacra Vulgata (Stuttgartensia)/Ioannes">Latin Vulgate</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(Wycliffe)/John" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Bible (Wycliffe)/John">Wycliffe Version</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(King_James)/John" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Bible (King James)/John">King James Version</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(American_Standard)/John" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Bible (American Standard)/John">American Standard Version</a></li> <li><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Bible_(World_English)/John" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Bible (World English)/John">World English Version</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q539890#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q539890#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q539890#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118570420">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n81131804">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12421301z">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12421301z">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an61539915">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=xx0221835&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech 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