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<span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Topography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Topography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Topography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Topography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Flora_and_fauna" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Flora_and_fauna"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Flora and fauna</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Flora_and_fauna-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Economy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Economy subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Major_companies_and_institutions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Major_companies_and_institutions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Major companies and institutions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Major_companies_and_institutions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Sports</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Sports-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Sports subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Professional_sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Professional_sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Professional sports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Professional_sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Amateur_sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Amateur_sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Amateur sports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Amateur_sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Parks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Parks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Parks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Parks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Government</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Government-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Government subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Government-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Local_and_regional_government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Local_and_regional_government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Local and regional government</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Local_and_regional_government-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-State_and_federal_government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#State_and_federal_government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>State and federal government</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-State_and_federal_government-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Crime" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Crime"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>Crime</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Crime-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Media</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Infrastructure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Infrastructure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Infrastructure</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Infrastructure-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Infrastructure subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Infrastructure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.1</span> <span>Transportation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Healthcare" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Healthcare"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.2</span> <span>Healthcare</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Healthcare-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Architecture_and_neighborhoods" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Architecture_and_neighborhoods"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Architecture and neighborhoods</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Architecture_and_neighborhoods-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sister_cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sister_cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Sister cities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sister_cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">St. Louis</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 115 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-115" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">115 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="St. Louis" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="St. Louis" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanct_Hlo%C3%B0wigesburg" title="Sanct Hloðwigesburg – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Sanct Hloðwigesburg" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA_%D9%84%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%8C_%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A" title="سانت لويس، ميزوري – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سانت لويس، ميزوري" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Louis_(Missouri)" title="Saint Louis (Missouri) – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Saint Louis (Missouri)" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Louis_(Missouri)" title="Saint Louis (Missouri) – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Saint Louis (Missouri)" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sent-L%C3%BCis" title="Sent-Lüis – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Sent-Lüis" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AA_%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%B3" title="سنت لوئیس – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="سنت لوئیس" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Louis,_Missouri" title="St. Louis, Missouri – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="St. Louis, Missouri" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F_%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B8" title="সেন্ট লুইস – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সেন্ট লুইস" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Louis,_Missouri" title="St. Louis, Missouri – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="St. Louis, Missouri" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82-%D0%9B%D1%83%D1%96%D1%81" title="Горад Сент-Луіс – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Горад Сент-Луіс" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82-%D0%9B%D1%8E%D1%96%D1%81" title="Сэнт-Люіс – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Сэнт-Люіс" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%82_%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Сейнт Луис – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Сейнт Луис" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Louis_City,_Missouri" title="Saint Louis City, Missouri – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Saint Louis City, Missouri" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Louis" title="Saint Louis – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Saint Louis" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint-Louis" title="Saint-Louis – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Saint-Louis" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Louis_(Missouri)" title="Saint Louis (Missouri) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Saint Louis (Missouri)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Louis_(kapital_sa_kondado)" title="St. Louis (kapital sa kondado) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="St. Louis (kapital sa kondado)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="St. Louis" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Louis,_Missouri" title="St. Louis, Missouri – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="St. Louis, Missouri" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Louis" title="Saint Louis – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Saint Louis" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="St. Louis" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="St. Louis" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A9%C3%A9sh_N%C3%A1zhah" title="Béésh Názhah – Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Béésh Názhah" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Louis" title="Saint Louis – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Saint Louis" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%B1%CE%B9%CE%BD%CF%84_%CE%9B%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%B9%CF%82" title="Σαιντ Λούις – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σαιντ Λούις" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Luis_(Misuri)" title="San Luis (Misuri) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="San Luis (Misuri)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sankta_Luiso" title="Sankta Luiso – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Sankta Luiso" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Louis_(Missouri)" title="Saint Louis (Missouri) – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Saint Louis (Missouri)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AA_%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%B3" title="سنت لوئیس – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سنت لوئیس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="St. Louis" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint-Louis_(Missouri)" title="Saint-Louis (Missouri) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Saint-Louis (Missouri)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="St. Louis" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="St. Louis" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="St. Louis" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="St. Louis" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis – Kikuyu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="St. Louis" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="Kikuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AA_%D9%84%DB%8A%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%B3" title="سنت لۊئيس – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="سنت لۊئيس" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%84%B8%EC%9D%B8%ED%8A%B8%EB%A3%A8%EC%9D%B4%EC%8A%A4" title="세인트루이스 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="세인트루이스" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%A9_%D4%BC%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AB%D5%BD" title="Սենթ Լուիս – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սենթ Լուիս" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Louis,_Missouri" title="St. Louis, Missouri – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="St. Louis, Missouri" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Louis,_Missouri" title="Saint Louis, Missouri – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Saint Louis, Missouri" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Louis,_Missouri" title="St. Louis, Missouri – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="St. Louis, Missouri" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Louis,_Missouri" title="St. Louis, Missouri – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="St. Louis, Missouri" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="St. Louis" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82-%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Сент-Луис – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Сент-Луис" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="St. Louis" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Louis_(Missouri)" title="Saint Louis (Missouri) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Saint Louis (Missouri)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%A0%D7%98_%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A1" title="סנט לואיס – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סנט לואיס" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%88%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%8D_%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%82%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D" title="ಸೈಂಟ್ ಲೂಯಿಸ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಸೈಂಟ್ ಲೂಯಿಸ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Louis,_Missouri" title="St. Louis, Missouri – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="St. Louis, Missouri" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2-%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="სენტ-ლუისი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სენტ-ლუისი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Louis,_Missouri" title="St. Louis, Missouri – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="St. Louis, Missouri" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Louis,_Missouri" title="St. Louis, Missouri – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="St. Louis, Missouri" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Louis,_Missouri" title="Saint Louis, Missouri – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Saint Louis, Missouri" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="St. Louis" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="St. Louis" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urbs_Sancti_Ludovici" title="Urbs Sancti Ludovici – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Urbs Sancti Ludovici" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentluisa" title="Sentluisa – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Sentluisa" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sent_Luisas" title="Sent Luisas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Sent Luisas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Louis" title="Saint Louis – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Saint Louis" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Louis" title="Saint Louis – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Saint Louis" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82_%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B8%D1%81_(%D0%9C%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B8)" title="Сент Луис (Мисури) – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Сент Луис (Мисури)" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Louis,_Missouri" title="St. Louis, Missouri – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="St. Louis, Missouri" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="സെയ്ന്റ് ലൂയിസ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സെയ്ന്റ് ലൂയിസ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9F_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%88%E0%A4%B8" title="सेंट लुईस – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="सेंट लुईस" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA_%D9%84%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%B3_(%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%89)" title="سانت لويس (ميزورى) – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="سانت لويس (ميزورى)" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Louis,_Missouri" title="St. Louis, Missouri – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="St. Louis, Missouri" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82_%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Сэнт Луис – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Сэнт Луис" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82-%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Сент-Луис – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Сент-Луис" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Louis_(Missouri)" title="Saint Louis (Missouri) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Saint Louis (Missouri)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%BB%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88%E3%83%AB%E3%82%A4%E3%82%B9" title="セントルイス – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="セントルイス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82-%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Сент-Луис – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Сент-Луис" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="St. Louis" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Louis" title="Saint Louis – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Saint Louis" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Louis_(Missor%C3%AD)" title="Saint Louis (Missorí) – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Saint Louis (Missorí)" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Louis" title="Saint Louis – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Saint Louis" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%86%D8%AA_%D9%84%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B2" title="سنت لویز – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="سنت لویز" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Louis" title="Saint Louis – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Saint Louis" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="St. Louis" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Louis" title="Saint Louis – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Saint Louis" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Louis_(Missouri)" title="St. Louis (Missouri) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="St. Louis (Missouri)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Louis,_Missouri" title="Saint Louis, Missouri – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Saint Louis, Missouri" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Louis_(Missouri)" title="St. Louis (Missouri) – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="St. Louis (Missouri)" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82-%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Сент-Луис – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Сент-Луис" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Louis_(Missouri)" title="Saint Louis (Missouri) – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Saint Louis (Missouri)" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Louis,_Missouri" title="St. Louis, Missouri – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="St. Louis, Missouri" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Louis" title="Saint Louis – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Saint Louis" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Louis,_Missouri" title="St. Louis, Missouri – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="St. Louis, Missouri" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="St. Louis" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="St. Louis" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Louis" title="Saint Louis – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Saint Louis" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82_%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Сент Луис – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Сент Луис" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="St. Louis" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Louis" title="Saint Louis – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Saint Louis" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Louis" title="Saint Louis – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Saint Louis" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Louis,_Missouri" title="Saint Louis, Missouri – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Saint Louis, Missouri" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D_(%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF)" title="செயின்ட் லூயிஸ் (மிசூரி) – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="செயின்ட் லூயிஸ் (மிசூரி)" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82-%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B8%D1%81" title="Сент-Луис – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Сент-Луис" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D" title="సెయింట్ లూయిస్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="సెయింట్ లూయిస్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%8C" title="เซนต์หลุยส์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เซนต์หลุยส์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Louis,_Missouri" title="St. Louis, Missouri – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="St. Louis, Missouri" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis – Twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="St. Louis" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="Twi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82-%D0%9B%D1%83%D1%97%D1%81_(%D0%9C%D1%96%D1%81%D1%81%D1%83%D1%80%D1%96)" title="Сент-Луїс (Міссурі) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Сент-Луїс (Міссурі)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%B9_%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A6%D8%B3" title="سینٹ لوئس – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سینٹ لوئس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Louis,_Missouri" title="St. Louis, Missouri – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="St. Louis, Missouri" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Louis_(Missouri)" title="Saint Louis (Missouri) – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Saint Louis (Missouri)" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Louis,_Missouri" title="St. Louis, Missouri – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="St. Louis, Missouri" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E8%B7%AF%E6%98%93%E6%96%AF%EF%BC%88%E5%AF%86%E8%8B%8F%E9%87%8C%E5%B7%9E%EF%BC%89" title="圣路易斯（密苏里州） – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="圣路易斯（密苏里州）" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%98_%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A1" title="סאנט לואיס – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="סאנט לואיס" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%81%96%E8%B7%AF%E6%98%93%E6%96%AF" title="聖路易斯 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="聖路易斯" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="St. Louis" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sent_Loisos_(M%C4%97s%C5%ABr%C4%97s)" title="Sent Loisos (Mėsūrės) – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Sent Loisos (Mėsūrės)" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E8%B7%AF%E6%98%93%E6%96%AF_(%E5%AF%86%E8%8B%8F%E9%87%8C%E5%B7%9E)" title="圣路易斯 (密苏里州) – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="圣路易斯 (密苏里州)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q38022#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=St._Louis&params=38.63_N_90.2_W_"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other 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The present address (URL) is a <a href="/wiki/Help:Permanent_link" title="Help:Permanent link">permanent link</a> to this revision, which may differ significantly from the <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Louis">current revision</a></span>.</b></p><div id="revision-info-plain" style="display: none;">Revision as of 16:29, 14 December 2011 by <a href="/wiki/Special:Contributions/67.169.134.89" class="mw-userlink mw-anonuserlink" title="Special:Contributions/67.169.134.89" data-mw-revid="465838534"><bdi>67.169.134.89</bdi></a> <span class="mw-usertoollinks">(<a href="/wiki/User_talk:67.169.134.89" class="mw-usertoollinks-talk" title="User talk:67.169.134.89">talk</a>)</span> <span class="comment">(<span class="autocomment"><a href="#Climate">→<bdi dir="ltr">Climate</bdi></a></span>)</span></div></div><div id="mw-revision-nav">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=St._Louis&diff=prev&oldid=465838534" title="St. Louis">diff</a>) <a href="/w/index.php?title=St._Louis&direction=prev&oldid=465838534" title="St. Louis">← Previous revision</a> | <a href="/wiki/St._Louis" title="St. Louis">Latest revision</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=St._Louis&diff=cur&oldid=465838534" title="St. Louis">diff</a>) | <a href="/w/index.php?title=St._Louis&direction=next&oldid=465838534" title="St. Louis">Newer revision →</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=St._Louis&diff=next&oldid=465838534" title="St. Louis">diff</a>)</div></div></div></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"St. Louis" redirects here. For saints named Louis and other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Saint_Louis_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Saint Louis (disambiguation)">Saint Louis</a>.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Independent City in Missouri, United States</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">City of St. Louis</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/Independent_city_(United_States)" title="Independent city (United States)">Independent City</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:StLouisMontage.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="From top left: Forest Park Jewel Box, MetroLink (St. Louis) at Lambert-St. Louis International Airport, Apotheosis of St. Louis at the Saint Louis Art Museum, Gateway Arch and the St. Louis skyline, Busch Stadium, and the St. Louis Zoo"><img alt="From top left: Forest Park Jewel Box, MetroLink (St. Louis) at Lambert-St. Louis International Airport, Apotheosis of St. Louis at the Saint Louis Art Museum, Gateway Arch and the St. Louis skyline, Busch Stadium, and the St. Louis Zoo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/StLouisMontage.jpg/275px-StLouisMontage.jpg" decoding="async" width="275" height="402" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8f/StLouisMontage.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="289" data-file-height="422" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">From top left: <a href="/wiki/Jewel_Box_(St._Louis,_Missouri)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewel Box (St. Louis, Missouri)">Forest Park Jewel Box</a>, <a href="/wiki/MetroLink_(St._Louis)" title="MetroLink (St. Louis)">MetroLink (St. Louis)</a> at <a href="/wiki/Lambert-St._Louis_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Lambert-St. Louis International Airport">Lambert-St. Louis International Airport</a>, <a href="/wiki/Apotheosis_of_St._Louis" title="Apotheosis of St. Louis">Apotheosis of St. Louis</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Saint_Louis_Art_Museum" title="Saint Louis Art Museum">Saint Louis Art Museum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gateway_Arch" title="Gateway Arch">Gateway Arch</a> and the St. Louis skyline, <a href="/wiki/Busch_Stadium" title="Busch Stadium">Busch Stadium</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Zoo" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Louis Zoo">St. Louis Zoo</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_St._Louis,_Missouri.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of City of St. Louis"><img alt="Flag of City of St. Louis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_St._Louis%2C_Missouri.svg/100px-Flag_of_St._Louis%2C_Missouri.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="63" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_St._Louis%2C_Missouri.svg/150px-Flag_of_St._Louis%2C_Missouri.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_St._Louis%2C_Missouri.svg/200px-Flag_of_St._Louis%2C_Missouri.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_St._Louis" title="Flag of St. Louis">Flag</a></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:Error mw:File"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:Upload?wpDestFile=SaintLouisSeal.png" class="new" title="File:SaintLouisSeal.png"><span class="mw-file-element mw-broken-media" data-width="100" data-height="100">Official seal of City of St. Louis</span></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Seal</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Nickname(s): <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname">Rome of the West, STL, Gateway to the West,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mound City<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_Missouri_highlighting_Saint_Louis_City.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Location in the state of Missouri"><img alt="Location in the state of Missouri" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Map_of_Missouri_highlighting_Saint_Louis_City.svg/250px-Map_of_Missouri_highlighting_Saint_Louis_City.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Map_of_Missouri_highlighting_Saint_Louis_City.svg/375px-Map_of_Missouri_highlighting_Saint_Louis_City.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Map_of_Missouri_highlighting_Saint_Louis_City.svg/500px-Map_of_Missouri_highlighting_Saint_Louis_City.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1291" data-file-height="1136" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Location in the state of <a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">United States</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Political_divisions_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Political divisions of the United States">State</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_counties_in_Missouri" title="List of counties in Missouri">County</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Independent_city_(United_States)" title="Independent city (United States)">Independent city</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Table_of_United_States_Metropolitan_Statistical_Areas" class="mw-redirect" title="Table of United States Metropolitan Statistical Areas">Metro</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Greater_St._Louis" title="Greater St. Louis">Greater St. Louis</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">1764</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Municipal_corporation" title="Municipal corporation">Incorporated</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1822</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mayor%E2%80%93council_government" title="Mayor–council government">Mayor–council government</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Mayor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Francis_G._Slay" class="mw-redirect" title="Francis G. Slay">Francis G. Slay</a> (<a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">D</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • <a href="/wiki/Independent_city_(United_States)" title="Independent city (United States)">Independent City</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">66.2 sq mi (171.3 km<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Land</th><td class="infobox-data">61.9 sq mi (160.4 km<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Water</th><td class="infobox-data">4.2 sq mi (11.0 km<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-St._Louis_Elevation_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-St._Louis_Elevation-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th><td class="infobox-data">466 ft (142 m)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2010)<sup id="cite_ref-StL_P-D_022511_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StL_P-D_022511-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-StL_Quick_Facts_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StL_Quick_Facts-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • <a href="/wiki/Independent_city_(United_States)" title="Independent city (United States)">Independent City</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">319,294 (<a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_cities_by_population" title="List of United States cities by population">58th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">5,158.2/sq mi (1,990.6/km<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_area" title="Metropolitan area">Metro</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">2,845,298 (<a href="/wiki/Table_of_United_States_Metropolitan_Statistical_Areas" class="mw-redirect" title="Table of United States Metropolitan Statistical Areas">18th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym</a></th><td class="infobox-data">St. Louisan</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%E2%88%926" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC−6">UTC−6</a> (<a href="/wiki/North_American_Central_Time_Zone" class="mw-redirect" title="North American Central Time Zone">CST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%E2%88%925" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC−5">UTC−5</a> (<a href="/wiki/North_American_Central_Time_Zone" class="mw-redirect" title="North American Central Time Zone">CDT</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbering_plan" title="Telephone numbering plan">Area code</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Area_code_314" class="mw-redirect" title="Area code 314">314</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://stlouis-mo.gov">http://stlouis-mo.gov/</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>St. Louis</b> <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="/eɪ/: 'a' in 'face'">eɪ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span></span><span class="wrap"> </span><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/uː/: 'oo' in 'goose'">uː</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span></span>/</a></span></span> (French: <i>Saint-Louis</i> or <i>St-Louis</i>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="fr-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">[sɛ̃<span class="wrap"> </span>lwi]</a></span> <span class="noprint"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/e\/e8\/Fr-Saint-Louis.oga\/Fr-Saint-Louis.oga.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Fr-Saint-Louis.oga"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e8/Fr-Saint-Louis.oga/Fr-Saint-Louis.oga.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:Fr-Saint-Louis.oga" title="File:Fr-Saint-Louis.oga">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span>) is an <a href="/wiki/Independent_city_(United_States)" title="Independent city (United States)">independent city</a><sup id="cite_ref-MO_Counties_Quick_Facts_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MO_Counties_Quick_Facts-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> on the eastern border of <a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>. With a population of 319,294, it was the 58th-largest U.S. city at the <a href="/wiki/2010_United_States_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="2010 United States Census">2010 U.S. Census</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Greater_St._Louis" title="Greater St. Louis">Greater St. Louis</a> <a href="/wiki/Combined_statistical_area" title="Combined statistical area">combined statistical area</a>'s population of 2,845,298 made it the 18th-largest <a href="/wiki/Table_of_United_States_Metropolitan_Statistical_Areas" class="mw-redirect" title="Table of United States Metropolitan Statistical Areas">metropolitan area</a> in the country, the fourth-largest in the <a href="/wiki/Midwest" class="mw-redirect" title="Midwest">Midwest</a>, and the largest in the state. However, the city of St. Louis itself is the second largest city in the state, behind <a href="/wiki/Kansas_City,_Missouri" title="Kansas City, Missouri">Kansas City</a><sup id="cite_ref-census2010_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census2010-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The city of St. Louis was founded in 1764 by <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Lacl%C3%A8de" title="Pierre Laclède">Pierre Laclède</a> and <a href="/wiki/Auguste_Chouteau" title="Auguste Chouteau">Auguste Chouteau</a>, and after the <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Purchase" title="Louisiana Purchase">Louisiana Purchase</a>, it became a major port on the <a href="/wiki/Mississippi_River" title="Mississippi River">Mississippi River</a>. Its population expanded after the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a>, and it became the fourth-largest city in the United States in the late 19th century. It <a href="/wiki/Urban_secession" title="Urban secession">seceded</a> from <a href="/wiki/St._Louis_County,_Missouri" title="St. Louis County, Missouri">St. Louis County</a> in 1876, allowing it to become an independent city and limiting its political boundaries. In 1904, it hosted the <a href="/wiki/1904_World%27s_Fair" class="mw-redirect" title="1904 World's Fair">1904 World's Fair</a> and the <a href="/wiki/1904_Olympic_Games" class="mw-redirect" title="1904 Olympic Games">1904 Olympic Games</a>. The city's population peaked in 1950, after which began a long decline until the beginning of the 21st century. </p><p>The economy of St. Louis relies on service, manufacturing, trade, transportation of goods, and tourism, and the region is home to several major corporations, including <a href="/wiki/Cassidy_Turley" title="Cassidy Turley">Cassidy Turley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Express_Scripts" title="Express Scripts">Express Scripts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Enterprise_Rent-A-Car" title="Enterprise Rent-A-Car">Enterprise Rent-A-Car</a>, <a href="/wiki/Graybar_Electric" class="mw-redirect" title="Graybar Electric">Graybar Electric</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scottrade" title="Scottrade">Scottrade</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anheuser-Busch" title="Anheuser-Busch">Anheuser-Busch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edward_Jones_Investments" title="Edward Jones Investments">Edward Jones Investments</a>, <a href="/wiki/Emerson_Electric" title="Emerson Electric">Emerson Electric</a>, <a href="/wiki/Energizer" title="Energizer">Energizer</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Monsanto" title="Monsanto">Monsanto</a>. St. Louis is home to three professional sports teams, including the <a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Cardinals" title="St. Louis Cardinals">St. Louis Cardinals</a>, one of the most successful <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball" title="Major League Baseball">Major League Baseball</a> clubs; the <a href="/wiki/NHL" class="mw-redirect" title="NHL">hockey</a> <a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Blues_(ice_hockey)" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Louis Blues (ice hockey)">St. Louis Blues</a> and <a href="/wiki/NFL" class="mw-redirect" title="NFL">football</a> <a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Rams" title="St. Louis Rams">St. Louis Rams</a>. The city is commonly identified with the <a href="/wiki/Gateway_Arch" title="Gateway Arch">Gateway Arch</a>, part of the <a href="/wiki/Jefferson_National_Expansion_Memorial" class="mw-redirect" title="Jefferson National Expansion Memorial">Jefferson National Expansion Memorial</a> in <a href="/wiki/Downtown_St._Louis" title="Downtown St. Louis">downtown St. Louis</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_St._Louis,_Missouri" class="mw-redirect" title="History of St. Louis, Missouri">History of St. Louis, Missouri</a></div> <p>The area that would become St. Louis was a center of Native American <a href="/wiki/Mississippian_culture" title="Mississippian culture">Mississippian culture</a>, which built numerous temple and residential <a href="/wiki/Earthworks_(archaeology)" title="Earthworks (archaeology)">earthwork</a> <a href="/wiki/Mound" title="Mound">mounds</a> in the region, giving the city its nickname, the "Mound City". European exploration of the area began in 1673, when French explorers <a href="/wiki/Louis_Jolliet" title="Louis Jolliet">Louis Jolliet</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Marquette" title="Jacques Marquette">Jacques Marquette</a> traveled through the Mississippi River valley. Five years later, <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Robert_Cavelier,_Sieur_de_La_Salle" class="mw-redirect" title="René Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle">La Salle</a> claimed the region for France, and the earliest settlements in the area were built in Illinois during the 1690s and early 1700s at <a href="/wiki/Cahokia,_Illinois" title="Cahokia, Illinois">Cahokia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kaskaskia,_Illinois" title="Kaskaskia, Illinois">Kaskaskia</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Fort_de_Chartres" title="Fort de Chartres">Fort de Chartres</a>. Migrants from the eastern French villages founded <a href="/wiki/Ste._Genevieve,_Missouri" title="Ste. Genevieve, Missouri">Ste. Genevieve, Missouri</a> across the Mississippi River from Kaskaskia, and in early 1764, <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Lacl%C3%A8de" title="Pierre Laclède">Pierre Laclède</a> and his stepson <a href="/wiki/Auguste_Chouteau" title="Auguste Chouteau">Auguste Chouteau</a> founded the city of St. Louis.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From 1764 to 1803 European control of the area west of the Mississippi to the northernmost part of the Missouri River basin, called <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_(New_Spain)" title="Louisiana (New Spain)">Louisiana</a>, was assumed by the Spanish as part of the Viceroyalty of <a href="/wiki/New_Spain" title="New Spain">New Spain</a>. In 1765, St. Louis was made the capital of French Upper Louisiana, and after 1767, control of the region was given to the Spanish. In 1780, <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_St._Louis" title="Battle of St. Louis">St. Louis was attacked</a> by British forces, mostly Native Americans, during the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">American Revolutionary War</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> St. Louis was transferred back to France in 1800, then sold to the United States in 1803 as part of the <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Purchase" title="Louisiana Purchase">Louisiana Purchase</a>, and the city became the territorial capital. Shortly after the purchase, the <a href="/wiki/Lewis_and_Clark_Expedition" title="Lewis and Clark Expedition">Lewis and Clark Expedition</a> left St. Louis in May 1804, reaching the Pacific Ocean in summer 1805, and returning on September 23, 1806. Both Lewis and Clark lived in St. Louis after the expedition. Many other <a href="/wiki/Exploration" title="Exploration">explorers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Settlers" class="mw-redirect" title="Settlers">settlers</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Animal_trapping" class="mw-redirect" title="Animal trapping">trappers</a> (such as <a href="/wiki/Ashley%27s_Hundred" class="mw-redirect" title="Ashley's Hundred">Ashley's Hundred</a>) would later take a similar route to the West. The city elected its first municipal legislators (called trustees) in 1808. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Steamboat" title="Steamboat">Steamboats</a> first arrived in St. Louis in 1818, improving connections with New Orleans and eastern markets. Missouri became a state in 1821, at which point the capital moved from St. Louis. However, St. Louis was incorporated as a city in 1822, and continued to see growth due to its port connections. Immigrants from Ireland and Germany arrived in St. Louis in significant numbers starting in the 1840s, and the population of St. Louis grew from less than 20,000 in 1840, to 77,860 in 1850, to more than 160,000 by 1860. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:St_Louis_Birdseye_Map_1896.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/St_Louis_Birdseye_Map_1896.jpg/220px-St_Louis_Birdseye_Map_1896.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/St_Louis_Birdseye_Map_1896.jpg/330px-St_Louis_Birdseye_Map_1896.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/St_Louis_Birdseye_Map_1896.jpg/440px-St_Louis_Birdseye_Map_1896.jpg 2x" data-file-width="10753" data-file-height="6999" /></a><figcaption>An illustrated map by F. Graf; <i>Saint Louis in 1896</i></figcaption></figure> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">American Civil War</a>, St. Louis was the site of significant divisions, although no combat took place in the city after the 1861 <a href="/wiki/Camp_Jackson_Affair" class="mw-redirect" title="Camp Jackson Affair">Camp Jackson Affair</a>. The war hurt St. Louis economically, due to the blockade of river traffic to the South, although the <a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Arsenal" title="St. Louis Arsenal">St. Louis Arsenal</a> constructed <a href="/wiki/Ironclad" class="mw-redirect" title="Ironclad">ironclads</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Union_(American_Civil_War)" title="Union (American Civil War)">Union</a>. St. Louis profited via trade with the West after the war, and in 1874, the city completed the <a href="/wiki/Eads_Bridge" title="Eads Bridge">Eads Bridge</a>, the first bridge over the Mississippi River in the area. On August 22, 1876, the city of St. Louis voted to <a href="/wiki/Urban_secession" title="Urban secession">secede</a> from <a href="/wiki/St._Louis_County,_Missouri" title="St. Louis County, Missouri">St. Louis County</a> and become an <a href="/wiki/Independent_city_(United_States)" title="Independent city (United States)">independent city</a>, and industrial production continued to increase during the late 19th century. The city also produced a number of notable people in the fields of literature, including <a href="/wiki/Tennessee_Williams" title="Tennessee Williams">Tennessee Williams</a> and <a href="/wiki/T.S._Eliot" class="mw-redirect" title="T.S. Eliot">T.S. Eliot</a>, and major corporations such as the <a href="/wiki/Anheuser-Busch" title="Anheuser-Busch">Anheuser-Busch</a> brewery and <a href="/wiki/Ralston-Purina" class="mw-redirect" title="Ralston-Purina">Ralston-Purina</a> company were established. St. Louis also was home to <a href="/wiki/Desloge_Consolidated_Lead_Company" title="Desloge Consolidated Lead Company">Desloge Consolidated Lead Company</a> and several <a href="/wiki/Brass_era" class="mw-redirect" title="Brass era">brass era</a> automobile companies, including the <a href="/wiki/Success_Automobile_Manufacturing_Company" title="Success Automobile Manufacturing Company">Success Automobile Manufacturing Company</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> St. Louis also is the site of the <a href="/wiki/Wainwright_Building" title="Wainwright Building">Wainwright Building</a>, an early skyscraper built in 1892. </p><p>In 1904, the city hosted the <a href="/wiki/Louisiana_Purchase_Exposition" title="Louisiana Purchase Exposition">1904 World's Fair</a> and the <a href="/wiki/1904_Summer_Olympics" title="1904 Summer Olympics">1904 Summer Olympics</a>, becoming the first non-European city to host the Olympics.<sup id="cite_ref-1904_Olympics_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1904_Olympics-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Proceeds from the fair provided the city with the <a href="/wiki/Saint_Louis_Art_Museum" title="Saint Louis Art Museum">Saint Louis Art Museum</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Missouri_History_Museum" title="Missouri History Museum">Missouri History Museum</a>. </p><p>Discrimination in housing and employment were common in St. Louis, and starting in the 1910s, many property deeds included racial or religious <a href="/wiki/Restrictive_covenants" class="mw-redirect" title="Restrictive covenants">restrictive covenants</a>. During World War II, the <a href="/wiki/NAACP" title="NAACP">NAACP</a> campaigned to integrate war factories, and restrictive covenants were prohibited in 1948 by the <a href="/wiki/Shelley_v._Kraemer" title="Shelley v. Kraemer">Shelley v. Kraemer</a> <a href="/wiki/U.S._Supreme_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Supreme Court">U.S. Supreme Court</a> decision, which originated as a lawsuit in St. Louis. However, de jure educational segregation continued into the 1950s, and de facto segregation continued into the 1970s, leading to a court challenge and interdistrict desegregation agreement.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>St. Louis, like many <a href="/wiki/Midwestern" class="mw-redirect" title="Midwestern">Midwestern</a> cities, expanded in the early 20th century due to the formation of many industrial companies and due to wartime housing shortages. It reached its peak population of 856,796 at the 1950 census.<sup id="cite_ref-heritage_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-heritage-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Suburbanization from the 1950s through the 1990s dramatically reduced the city's population, and although small increases in population were seen in the early 2000s, the city of St. Louis lost population from 2000 to 2010. Several <a href="/wiki/Urban_renewal" title="Urban renewal">urban renewal</a> projects commenced in the 1950s, and the city achieved notoriety for its <a href="/wiki/Housing_projects" class="mw-redirect" title="Housing projects">housing projects</a>, particularly <a href="/wiki/Pruitt-Igoe" class="mw-redirect" title="Pruitt-Igoe">Pruitt-Igoe</a>. Since the 1980s, revitalization efforts have focused on <a href="/wiki/Downtown_St._Louis" title="Downtown St. Louis">downtown St. Louis</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Gentrification" title="Gentrification">gentrification</a> has taken place in the <a href="/wiki/Washington_Avenue_Historic_District_(St._Louis,_Missouri)" title="Washington Avenue Historic District (St. Louis, Missouri)">Washington Avenue Historic District</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Revitalization_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Revitalization-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Because of the upturn in urban revitalization, St. Louis received the World Leadership Award for urban renewal in 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-Spence_Jackson_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Spence_Jackson-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Geography_of_St._Louis,_Missouri" class="mw-redirect" title="Geography of St. Louis, Missouri">Geography of St. Louis, Missouri</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Topography">Topography</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:St_Louis_Rivers.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/62/St_Louis_Rivers.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="202" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="202" /></a><figcaption>Rivers in the St. Louis area</figcaption></figure> <p>According to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a>, St. Louis has a total area of 66.2 square miles (171.3 km²), of which 61.9 square miles (160.4 km²) is land and 4.2 square miles (11.0 km² or 6.39%) is water. The city is built primarily on <a href="/wiki/Hill" title="Hill">bluffs</a> and terraces that rise 100–200 feet above the western banks of the Mississippi River, in the <a href="/wiki/Midwestern_United_States" title="Midwestern United States">Midwestern United States</a> just south of the <a href="/wiki/Missouri_River" title="Missouri River">Missouri</a>-Mississippi confluence. Much of the area is a fertile and gently rolling prairie that features low hills and broad, shallow valleys. Both the Mississippi River and the Missouri River have cut large valleys with wide flood plains. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Limestone" title="Limestone">Limestone</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dolomite" class="mw-disambig" title="Dolomite">dolomite</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Mississippian" class="mw-disambig" title="Mississippian">Mississippian</a> <a href="/wiki/Geologic_time_scale" title="Geologic time scale">epoch</a> underlie the area, and parts of the city are <a href="/wiki/Karst" title="Karst">karst</a> in nature. This is particularly true of the city south of downtown, with numerous sinkholes and caves. Most of the caves in the city have been sealed, but many springs are visible along the riverfront. Coal, brick <a href="/wiki/Clay" title="Clay">clay</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Millerite" title="Millerite">millerite</a> ore were once mined in the city, and the predominant surface rock, the <i>St. Louis Limestone</i>, is used as dimension stone and rubble for construction. </p><p>Near the southern boundary of the City of St. Louis (separating it from <a href="/wiki/St._Louis_County,_Missouri" title="St. Louis County, Missouri">St. Louis County</a>) is the <a href="/wiki/River_des_Peres" title="River des Peres">River des Peres</a>, virtually the only river or stream within the city limits that is not entirely underground.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most of River des Peres was confined to a channel or put underground in the 1920s and early 1930s. The lower section of the river was the site of some of the worst flooding of the <a href="/wiki/Great_Flood_of_1993" title="Great Flood of 1993">Great Flood of 1993</a>. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Missouri_River" title="Missouri River">Missouri River</a> forms the northern border of <a href="/wiki/St._Louis_County,_Missouri" title="St. Louis County, Missouri">St. Louis County</a>, exclusive of a few areas where the river has changed its course. The <a href="/wiki/Meramec_River" title="Meramec River">Meramec River</a> forms most of its southern border. To the east is the City and the Mississippi River. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Captains%27_Return_statue_and_Eads_Bridge.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/The_Captains%27_Return_statue_and_Eads_Bridge.JPG/220px-The_Captains%27_Return_statue_and_Eads_Bridge.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/The_Captains%27_Return_statue_and_Eads_Bridge.JPG/330px-The_Captains%27_Return_statue_and_Eads_Bridge.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/The_Captains%27_Return_statue_and_Eads_Bridge.JPG/440px-The_Captains%27_Return_statue_and_Eads_Bridge.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2288" data-file-height="1712" /></a><figcaption>The Captains' Return statue inundated by the Mississippi River 2010</figcaption></figure> <p>St. Louis lies in the transitional zone between the <a href="/wiki/Humid_continental_climate" title="Humid continental climate">humid continental climate</a> type and the <a href="/wiki/Humid_subtropical_climate" title="Humid subtropical climate">humid subtropical climate</a> type (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen</a> <i>Dfa</i> and <i>Cfa</i>, respecively), with neither large mountains nor large bodies of water to moderate its temperature. It is subject to both cold Arctic air and hot, humid tropical air from the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Mexico" title="Gulf of Mexico">Gulf of Mexico</a>. The city has four distinct seasons. Spring is the wettest season and produces severe weather ranging from tornadoes to <a href="/wiki/Winter_storm" title="Winter storm">winter storms</a>. Summers are hot and humid, and temperatures of 90 °F (32 °C) or higher occur between 35 and 40 days a year, while days of 100 °F (38 °C) or higher occur usually no more than five days per year.<sup id="cite_ref-climate_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-climate-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fall is mild with lower humidity and can produce intermittent bouts of heavy rainfall with the first <a href="/wiki/Snow_flurry" title="Snow flurry">snow flurries</a> usually forming in early or mid November. Winters are cold and sometimes snowy with temperatures frequently below freezing. Winter storm systems, such as <a href="/wiki/Alberta_Clipper" class="mw-redirect" title="Alberta Clipper">Alberta Clippers</a> and <a href="/wiki/Panhandle_hook" title="Panhandle hook">Panhandle hooks</a>, can bring days of heavy freezing rain, ice pellets, and snowfall. </p><p>The average annual temperature for the years 1970–2000, recorded at nearby <a href="/wiki/Lambert-Saint_Louis_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Lambert-Saint Louis International Airport">Lambert-Saint Louis International Airport</a>, is 56.3 °F (14 °C), and average precipitation is 38.9 inches (990 mm). The normal high temperature in July is 91 °F (33 °C), and the normal low temperature in January is 21 °F (−6 °C), although this varies from year to year. Both 100 °F (37.8 °C) and 0 °F (−17.8 °C) temperatures can be seen on an average 2 or 3 days per year. The official record low is −22 °F (−30 °C) on January 5, 1884, although there were unofficial readings of −23 °F (−31 °C) on January 29, 1873 and −25 °F (−32 °C) on January 1, 1864; and the records high is 115 °F (46 °C) on July 14, 1954.<sup id="cite_ref-NWS_Records_MO_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NWS_Records_MO-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Winter (December through February) is the driest season, with an average 7.3 inches (185 mm) of precipitation. The average seasonal snowfall is 22.2 inches (56 cm). Spring (March through May), is typically the wettest season, with 11.4 inches (290 mm) of precipitation. Dry spells lasting one to two weeks are common during the growing seasons. </p><p>St. Louis experiences <a href="/wiki/Thunderstorm" title="Thunderstorm">thunderstorms</a> 48 days a year on average.<sup id="cite_ref-weatherbase_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-weatherbase-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Especially in the spring, these storms can often be severe, with high winds, large <a href="/wiki/Hail" title="Hail">hail</a> and tornadoes. St. Louis has been affected on more than one occasion by <a href="/wiki/St._Louis_tornado_history" title="St. Louis tornado history">particularly damaging tornadoes</a>. </p><p>Some late autumns feature the warm weather known as <a href="/wiki/Indian_summer" title="Indian summer">Indian summer</a>; some years see roses in bloom as late as early December. </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for St. Louis, Missouri (<a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Lambert_International_Airport" title="St. Louis Lambert International Airport">Lambert–St. Louis Int'l</a>), 1991−2020 normals,<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> extremes 1874−present<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #FF7100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">77<br />(25) </td> <td style="background: #FF5600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">85<br />(29) </td> <td style="background: #FF3A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">92<br />(33) </td> <td style="background: #FF3300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">93<br />(34) </td> <td style="background: #FF1F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">98<br />(37) </td> <td style="background: #F80000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">108<br />(42) </td> <td style="background: #C00000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">115<br />(46) </td> <td style="background: #EA0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">110<br />(43) </td> <td style="background: #FF0A00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">104<br />(40) </td> <td style="background: #FF3300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">94<br />(34) </td> <td style="background: #FF4F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">86<br />(30) </td> <td style="background: #FF7800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">76<br />(24) </td> <td style="background: #C00000; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">115<br />(46) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean maximum °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #FFA042; color:#000000;" class="notheme">64.7<br />(18.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF8811; color:#000000;" class="notheme">71.0<br />(21.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF6800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">79.4<br />(26.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF4D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">86.4<br />(30.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF3E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">90.4<br />(32.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF2A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">95.5<br />(35.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF1C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">99.2<br />(37.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF1C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">99.1<br />(37.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF3200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">93.4<br />(34.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF4B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">87.0<br />(30.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF7700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">75.5<br />(24.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF9831; color:#000000;" class="notheme">66.9<br />(19.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF1600; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">100.7<br />(38.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #FFFDFC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">40.4<br />(4.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFE8D2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">45.8<br />(7.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFBF80; color:#000000;" class="notheme">56.6<br />(13.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF9429; color:#000000;" class="notheme">68.0<br />(20.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF7100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">77.1<br />(25.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF4F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">85.9<br />(29.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF4100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">89.6<br />(32.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF4600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">88.3<br />(31.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF6100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">81.1<br />(27.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF8F1F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">69.2<br />(20.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFC388; color:#000000;" class="notheme">55.5<br />(13.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFEEDD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">44.5<br />(6.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF9932; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">66.8<br />(19.3) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #E7E7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.1<br />(0.1) </td> <td style="background: #F4F4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.7<br />(2.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFE6CD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">46.6<br />(8.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFBC79; color:#000000;" class="notheme">57.5<br />(14.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF962D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">67.5<br />(19.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF7300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">76.5<br />(24.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF6400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">80.4<br />(26.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF6A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">78.8<br />(26.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF8811; color:#000000;" class="notheme">71.0<br />(21.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFB56C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">59.1<br />(15.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFE6CD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">46.5<br />(8.1) </td> <td style="background: #F4F4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.5<br />(2.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFBC7A; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">57.4<br />(14.1) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #CDCDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.8<br />(−4.6) </td> <td style="background: #D9D9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.6<br />(−2.4) </td> <td style="background: #F4F4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.7<br />(2.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFE4CA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">47.0<br />(8.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFBA76; color:#000000;" class="notheme">57.9<br />(14.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF962E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">67.2<br />(19.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF8811; color:#000000;" class="notheme">71.1<br />(21.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF8F1F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">69.3<br />(20.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFAF5F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">60.9<br />(16.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFDCBA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">49.1<br />(9.5) </td> <td style="background: #F6F6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.4<br />(3.0) </td> <td style="background: #DCDCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.5<br />(−1.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFE0C2; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">48.0<br />(8.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean minimum °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #9494FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.4<br />(−15.3) </td> <td style="background: #A3A3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.6<br />(−12.4) </td> <td style="background: #BCBCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.8<br />(−7.9) </td> <td style="background: #E7E7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.2<br />(0.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFF1E4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">43.5<br />(6.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFC388; color:#000000;" class="notheme">55.5<br />(13.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFAD5C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">61.4<br />(16.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFB266; color:#000000;" class="notheme">60.1<br />(15.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFE4C9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">47.1<br />(8.4) </td> <td style="background: #EBEBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.6<br />(0.9) </td> <td style="background: #C8C8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.0<br />(−5.6) </td> <td style="background: #A7A7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.0<br />(−11.7) </td> <td style="background: #8A8AFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1.2<br />(−17.1) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #4444FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−22<br />(−30) </td> <td style="background: #4F4FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−18<br />(−28) </td> <td style="background: #7575FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−5<br />(−21) </td> <td style="background: #C0C0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20<br />(−7) </td> <td style="background: #E1E1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31<br />(−1) </td> <td style="background: #FFF4EA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">43<br />(6) </td> <td style="background: #FFD2A5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">51<br />(11) </td> <td style="background: #FFE6CE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">47<br />(8) </td> <td style="background: #E6E6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #C6C6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21<br />(−6) </td> <td style="background: #8A8AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1<br />(−17) </td> <td style="background: #5555FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−16<br />(−27) </td> <td style="background: #4444FF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−22<br />(−30) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> inches (mm) </th> <td style="background: #9CFF9C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.59<br />(66) </td> <td style="background: #A1FFA1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.23<br />(57) </td> <td style="background: #7AFF7A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.50<br />(89) </td> <td style="background: #46FF46; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.73<br />(120) </td> <td style="background: #49FF49; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.82<br />(122) </td> <td style="background: #4FFF4F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.49<br />(114) </td> <td style="background: #69FF69; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.93<br />(100) </td> <td style="background: #7EFF7E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.38<br />(86) </td> <td style="background: #8BFF8B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.96<br />(75) </td> <td style="background: #87FF87; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.15<br />(80) </td> <td style="background: #79FF79; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.42<br />(87) </td> <td style="background: #9FFF9F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.50<br />(64) </td> <td style="background: #79FF79; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">41.70<br />(1,059) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowfall inches (cm) </th> <td style="background: #2E2EFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">5.7<br />(14) </td> <td style="background: #4B4BFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">4.3<br />(11) </td> <td style="background: #A8A8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.3<br />(5.8) </td> <td style="background: #F7F7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.2<br />(0.51) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #DBDBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.9<br />(2.3) </td> <td style="background: #8686FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.2<br />(8.1) </td> <td style="background: #C9C9FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">16.6<br />(42) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.01 in)</span> </th> <td style="background: #8C8CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.3 </td> <td style="background: #8989FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.7 </td> <td style="background: #7979FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.8 </td> <td style="background: #6C6CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.5 </td> <td style="background: #6363FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.6 </td> <td style="background: #8282FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.8 </td> <td style="background: #9191FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.9 </td> <td style="background: #9797FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.4 </td> <td style="background: #A1A1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.3 </td> <td style="background: #9696FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.5 </td> <td style="background: #8C8CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.0 </td> <td style="background: #8F8FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.0 </td> <td style="background: #8787FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">113.8 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowy days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.1 in)</span> </th> <td style="background: #C5C5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.7 </td> <td style="background: #CACAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.9 </td> <td style="background: #EAEAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.7 </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.2 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #F4F4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.8 </td> <td style="background: #D7D7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.2 </td> <td style="background: #EFEFFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">14.5 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #0000E6; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">73.0 </td> <td style="background: #0000EA; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">72.0 </td> <td style="background: #0000F8; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">68.3 </td> <td style="background: #0C0CFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">63.5 </td> <td style="background: #0000FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">66.5 </td> <td style="background: #0000FD; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">67.1 </td> <td style="background: #0000F9; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">68.0 </td> <td style="background: #0000F2; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">70.0 </td> <td style="background: #0000EC; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">71.6 </td> <td style="background: #0000F7; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">68.7 </td> <td style="background: #0000E9; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">72.2 </td> <td style="background: #0000DC; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">75.8 </td> <td style="background: #0000F3; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">69.7 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Dew_point" title="Dew point">dew point</a> °F (°C) </th> <td style="background: #C3C3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.1<br />(−6.6) </td> <td style="background: #CECEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.1<br />(−4.4) </td> <td style="background: #E9E9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.1<br />(0.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFF6EE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">42.3<br />(5.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFCE9D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">52.9<br />(11.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFAA56; color:#000000;" class="notheme">62.1<br />(16.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF9934; color:#000000;" class="notheme">66.6<br />(19.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF9F3F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">65.1<br />(18.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFB871; color:#000000;" class="notheme">58.6<br />(14.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFE8D1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">46.0<br />(7.8) </td> <td style="background: #F2F2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.0<br />(2.2) </td> <td style="background: #D3D3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.5<br />(−3.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFEEDD; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">44.4<br />(6.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #C9C900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">161.2 </td> <td style="background: #CECE00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">158.3 </td> <td style="background: #D7D700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">198.3 </td> <td style="background: #DEDE00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">223.5 </td> <td style="background: #E6E600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">266.5 </td> <td style="background: #EEEE0C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">291.9 </td> <td style="background: #F0F010; color:#000000;" class="notheme">308.9 </td> <td style="background: #E7E700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">269.8 </td> <td style="background: #E1E100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">236.1 </td> <td style="background: #D9D900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">208.4 </td> <td style="background: #C2C219; color:#000000;" class="notheme">140.9 </td> <td style="background: #BABA44; color:#000000;" class="notheme">129.9 </td> <td style="background: #DCDC00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">2,593.7 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Percent <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">possible sunshine</a> </th> <td style="background: #FFFF3F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">53 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF3F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">53 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF3F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">53 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF4B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">56 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF5B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">60 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF74; color:#000000;" class="notheme">66 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF7C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">68 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF6C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">64 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF68; color:#000000;" class="notheme">63 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF5B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">60 </td> <td style="background: #F9F926; color:#000000;" class="notheme">47 </td> <td style="background: #F4F41A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">44 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF53; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">58 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Ultraviolet_index" title="Ultraviolet index">ultraviolet index</a> </th> <td style="background: #3EA72D; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">1.7 </td> <td style="background: #3EA72D; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">2.7 </td> <td style="background: #FFF300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.5 </td> <td style="background: #F18B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.4 </td> <td style="background: #F18B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.9 </td> <td style="background: #E53210; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">9.0 </td> <td style="background: #E53210; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">9.1 </td> <td style="background: #E53210; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">8.2 </td> <td style="background: #F18B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.3 </td> <td style="background: #FFF300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.0 </td> <td style="background: #3EA72D; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">2.3 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">— </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">— </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 1: NOAA (relative humidity, dew point, and sun 1961−1990)<sup id="cite_ref-NOAA_STL_TXT_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NOAA_STL_TXT-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NWS_St._Louis,_MO_(LSX)_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NWS_St._Louis,_MO_(LSX)-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-WMO_1961–90_KSTL_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WMO_1961–90_KSTL-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 2: UV Index Today (1995 to 2022)<sup id="cite_ref-UVIT_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UVIT-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Flora_and_fauna">Flora and fauna</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tower_Grove_Park_Scene_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Tower_Grove_Park_Scene_1.jpg/220px-Tower_Grove_Park_Scene_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Tower_Grove_Park_Scene_1.jpg/330px-Tower_Grove_Park_Scene_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Tower_Grove_Park_Scene_1.jpg/440px-Tower_Grove_Park_Scene_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>Tower Grove Park</figcaption></figure> <p>Before the founding of the city, the area was prairie and open forest maintained by burning by Native Americans. Trees are mainly <a href="/wiki/Oak" title="Oak">oak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maple" title="Maple">maple</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Hickory" title="Hickory">hickory</a>, similar to the forests of the nearby <a href="/wiki/The_Ozarks" class="mw-redirect" title="The Ozarks">Ozarks</a>; common understory trees include <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Redbud" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Redbud">Eastern Redbud</a>, <a href="/wiki/Serviceberry" class="mw-redirect" title="Serviceberry">Serviceberry</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Flowering_Dogwood" class="mw-redirect" title="Flowering Dogwood">Flowering Dogwood</a>. <a href="/wiki/Riparian" class="mw-redirect" title="Riparian">Riparian</a> areas are forested with mainly <a href="/wiki/American_sycamore" class="mw-redirect" title="American sycamore">American sycamore</a>. Most of the residential area of the city is planted with large native shade trees. The largest native forest area is found in Forest Park. In Autumn, the changing color of the trees is notable. Most species here are typical of the Eastern Woodland, although numerous decorative non-native species are found; the most notable invasive species is <a href="/wiki/Japanese_honeysuckle" class="mw-redirect" title="Japanese honeysuckle">Japanese honeysuckle</a>, which is actively removed from some parks. </p><p>Large mammals found in the city include urbanized <a href="/wiki/Coyote" title="Coyote">coyotes</a> and usually a <a href="/wiki/White-tailed_deer" title="White-tailed deer">White-tailed deer</a>. <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Gray_Squirrel" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Gray Squirrel">Eastern Gray Squirrel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cottontail_rabbit" title="Cottontail rabbit">Cottontail rabbit</a>, and other rodents are abundant, as well as the nocturnal <a href="/wiki/Virginia_Opossum" class="mw-redirect" title="Virginia Opossum">Virginia Opossum</a>. Large bird species are abundant in parks and include <a href="/wiki/Canada_goose" title="Canada goose">Canada goose</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mallard_duck" class="mw-redirect" title="Mallard duck">Mallard duck</a>, as well as <a href="/wiki/Shorebird" class="mw-redirect" title="Shorebird">shorebirds</a>, including the <a href="/wiki/Great_Egret" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Egret">Great Egret</a> and <a href="/wiki/Great_Blue_Heron" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Blue Heron">Great Blue Heron</a>. <a href="/wiki/Gull" title="Gull">Gulls</a> are common along the Mississippi River; these species typically follow <a href="/wiki/Barge" title="Barge">barge</a> traffic. Winter populations of <a href="/wiki/Bald_Eagle" class="mw-redirect" title="Bald Eagle">Bald Eagles</a> are found by the Mississippi River around the <a href="/wiki/Chain_of_Rocks_Bridge" title="Chain of Rocks Bridge">Chain of Rocks Bridge</a>. The city is on the <a href="/wiki/Mississippi_Flyway" title="Mississippi Flyway">Mississippi Flyway</a>, used by migrating birds, and has a large variety of small bird species, common to the eastern US. The <a href="/wiki/Eurasian_Tree_Sparrow" class="mw-redirect" title="Eurasian Tree Sparrow">Eurasian Tree Sparrow</a>, an introduced species, is limited in North America to the counties surrounding St. Louis. <a href="/wiki/Tower_Grove_Park" title="Tower Grove Park">Tower Grove Park</a> is a well-known birdwatching area in the city. </p><p>Frogs are commonly found in the springtime, especially after extensive wet periods. Common species include the <a href="/wiki/American_toad" title="American toad">American toad</a> and species of chorus frogs commonly called <a href="/wiki/Spring_peeper" title="Spring peeper">spring peepers</a> that are found in nearly every pond. Some years have outbreaks of <a href="/wiki/Cicada" title="Cicada">cicadas</a> or <a href="/wiki/Ladybug" class="mw-redirect" title="Ladybug">ladybugs</a>. Mosquitos and houseflies are common insect nuisances; because of this, windows are nearly universally fitted with screens, and screened-in <a href="/wiki/Porch" title="Porch">porches</a> are common in homes of the area. Invasive populations of <a href="/wiki/Western_honey_bee" title="Western honey bee">honeybees</a> have sharply declined in recent years, and numerous native species of pollinator insects have recovered to fill their ecological niche. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236656977">.mw-parser-output .abbr-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-bottom:none;background-color:lavender}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-top:none;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border-top:1px #a2a9b1 solid!important}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:none}}</style><table class="table-pale" style="width:15em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 0.5em;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Historical population</caption><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Percent change" class="abbr-header">±%</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1810_United_States_census" title="1810 United States census">1810 </a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,600</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1820_United_States_census" title="1820 United States census">1820 </a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px"></td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1830_United_States_census" title="1830 United States census">1830 </a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">4,977</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1840_United_States_census" title="1840 United States census">1840 </a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">16,469</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+230.9%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb"><a href="/wiki/1850_United_States_census" title="1850 United States census">1850 </a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">77,860</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+372.8%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1860_United_States_census" title="1860 United States census">1860 </a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">160,773</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+106.5%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1870_United_States_census" title="1870 United States census">1870 </a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">310,864</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+93.4%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1880_United_States_census" title="1880 United States census">1880 </a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">350,518</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+12.8%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1890_United_States_census" title="1890 United States census">1890 </a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">451,770</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+28.9%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb"><a href="/wiki/1900_United_States_census" title="1900 United States census">1900 </a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">575,238</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+27.3%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1910_United_States_census" title="1910 United States census">1910 </a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">687,029</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+19.4%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1920_United_States_census" title="1920 United States census">1920 </a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">772,897</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+12.5%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1930_United_States_census" title="1930 United States census">1930 </a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">821,960</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+6.3%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_census" title="1940 United States census">1940 </a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">816,048</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−0.7%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb"><a href="/wiki/1950_United_States_census" title="1950 United States census">1950 </a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">856,796</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+5.0%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1960_United_States_census" title="1960 United States census">1960 </a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">750,026</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−12.5%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1970_United_States_census" title="1970 United States census">1970 </a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">622,236</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−17.0%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_census" title="1980 United States census">1980 </a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">452,801</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−27.2%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/1990_United_States_census" title="1990 United States census">1990 </a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">396,685</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−12.4%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb"><a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_census" title="2000 United States census">2000 </a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">348,189</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">−12.2%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/2010_United_States_census" title="2010 United States census">2010 </a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">319,294</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−8.3%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);font-size:85%;text-align:left"><sup id="cite_ref-StL_P-D_022511_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StL_P-D_022511-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-StL_Quick_Facts_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-StL_Quick_Facts-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Race_and_ethnicity_2010_St._Louis.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Race_and_ethnicity_2010_St._Louis.png/300px-Race_and_ethnicity_2010_St._Louis.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Race_and_ethnicity_2010_St._Louis.png/450px-Race_and_ethnicity_2010_St._Louis.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Race_and_ethnicity_2010_St._Louis.png/600px-Race_and_ethnicity_2010_St._Louis.png 2x" data-file-width="3009" data-file-height="3009" /></a><figcaption>The racial makeup of St. Louis in 2010. (Each dot represents 25 people - red dots are Whites, blue dots are Blacks, green is Asian, orange is Hispanic, gray is other).</figcaption></figure> <p>According to the <a href="/wiki/2010_United_States_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="2010 United States Census">2010 United States Census</a>, in the city of St. Louis, there were 319,294 people living in 142,057 households, of which 67,488 households were families. The population density was 5,158.2 people per square mile (1,990.6/km²). The age distribution of the city showed approximately 24% of the population was 19 or younger, 9% were 20 to 24, 31% were 25 to 44, 25% were 45 to 64, and 11% were 65 or older. The median age was approximately 34 years. The racial makeup of the city of St. Louis was approximately 49.2% <a href="/wiki/African-American" class="mw-redirect" title="African-American">African-American</a>, 43.9% <a href="/wiki/Caucasian_peoples" class="mw-disambig" title="Caucasian peoples">Caucasian</a> (42.2% Non-Hispanic Caucasian), 2.9% <a href="/wiki/Asian_people" title="Asian people">Asian</a>, 0.3% <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_Peoples_of_the_Americas" class="mw-redirect" title="Indigenous Peoples of the Americas">Native American/Alaska Native</a>, and 2.4% reporting two or more races. 3.5% of the population was Hispanic or Latino of any race. <sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>19% of the city's housing units were vacant, and slightly less than half of these were vacant structures not for sale or rent. In 2000, the median income for a household in the city was $29,156, and the median income for a family was $32,585. Males had a median income of $31,106 versus $26,987 for females. The per capita income for the city was $18,108. </p><p>St. Louis experienced slow growth from its founding in the 1760s through the American Civil War, and after the war it grew quickly with industrialization, reaching its peak population in 1950. It experienced a population shift to the suburbs in the 20th century; first because of increased demand for new housing following <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, and later <a href="/wiki/White_flight" title="White flight">white flight</a> from older neighborhoods to newer ones.<sup id="cite_ref-historical_populations_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-historical_populations-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2010, the city of St.Louis was awarded for being one of the most generous large cities in the United States for online monetary donations and has also been recognized for having an extremely high volunteer rate in comparison to other major U.S cities. <sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><br /> </p> <div style="clear:both;"></div> <table class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%;width:100%;text-align:center;line-height:120%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="17">United States Census Population </th></tr> <tr> <th>Year </th> <td><a href="/wiki/1860_United_States_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="1860 United States Census">1860</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1870_United_States_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="1870 United States Census">1870</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1880_United_States_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="1880 United States Census">1880</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1890_United_States_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="1890 United States Census">1890</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1900_United_States_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="1900 United States Census">1900</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1910_United_States_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="1910 United States Census">1910</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1920_United_States_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="1920 United States Census">1920</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1930_United_States_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="1930 United States Census">1930</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="1940 United States Census">1940</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1950_United_States_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="1950 United States Census">1950</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1960_United_States_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="1960 United States Census">1960</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1970_United_States_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="1970 United States Census">1970</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="1980 United States Census">1980</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/1990_United_States_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="1990 United States Census">1990</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="2000 United States Census">2000</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/2010_United_States_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="2010 United States Census">2010</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Population </th> <td>160773 </td> <td>310864 </td> <td>350518 </td> <td>451770 </td> <td>575238 </td> <td>687029 </td> <td>772897 </td> <td style="background:#ddd; color:#000;">821960 </td> <td style="background:#ddd; color:#000;">816048 </td> <td style="background:#ddd; color:#000;">856796 </td> <td>750026 </td> <td>622236 </td> <td>452801 </td> <td>396685 </td> <td>348189 </td> <td>319294 </td></tr> <tr> <th>U.S. Rank<span style="font-weight:normal;vertical-align:middle"><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </th> <td>8 </td> <td style="background:#ddd; color:#000;">4 </td> <td>6 </td> <td>5 </td> <td style="background:#ddd; color:#000;">4 </td> <td style="background:#ddd; color:#000;">4 </td> <td>6 </td> <td>7 </td> <td>8 </td> <td>8 </td> <td>10 </td> <td>18 </td> <td>26 </td> <td>34 </td> <td>51 </td> <td>58 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_St._Louis,_Missouri" class="mw-redirect" title="Economy of St. Louis, Missouri">Economy of St. Louis, Missouri</a></div> <p>According to the 2007 Economic Census, manufacturing in the city conducted nearly $11 billion in business, followed by the healthcare and social service industry with $3.5 billion, professional or technical services with $3.1 billion, and the retail trade with $2.5 billion. The sector employing the largest number of workers in the city was the healthcare sector with 34,000 workers, followed by administrative and support jobs with 24,000 workers, manufacturing with 21,000 workers, and food service with 20,000 workers.<sup id="cite_ref-2007econcensus_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2007econcensus-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The rivers of St. Louis play a large role in moving goods, especially bulk commodities such as grain, coal, salt, and certain chemicals and petroleum products. The Port of St. Louis in 2004 was the third-largest inland port by tonnage in the country, and the 21st-largest of any sort.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Major_companies_and_institutions">Major companies and institutions</h3></div> <p>As of 2011, the St. Louis area is home to nine <a href="/wiki/Fortune_500" title="Fortune 500">Fortune 500</a> companies, including <a href="/wiki/Express_Scripts" title="Express Scripts">Express Scripts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Emerson_Electric" title="Emerson Electric">Emerson Electric</a>, <a href="/wiki/Monsanto" title="Monsanto">Monsanto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Reinsurance_Group_of_America" title="Reinsurance Group of America">Reinsurance Group of America</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ameren" title="Ameren">Ameren</a>, <a href="/wiki/Charter_Communications" title="Charter Communications">Charter Communications</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peabody_Energy" title="Peabody Energy">Peabody Energy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Graybar_Electric" class="mw-redirect" title="Graybar Electric">Graybar Electric</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Centene" class="mw-redirect" title="Centene">Centene</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-500list_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-500list-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other notable corporations from the area include <a href="/wiki/Cassidy_Turley" title="Cassidy Turley">Cassidy Turley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edward_Jones_Investments" title="Edward Jones Investments">Edward Jones Investments</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scottrade" title="Scottrade">Scottrade</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wells_Fargo_Advisors" title="Wells Fargo Advisors">Wells Fargo Advisors</a> (formerly A.G. Edwards), <a href="/wiki/Energizer_Holdings" class="mw-redirect" title="Energizer Holdings">Energizer Holdings</a>, <a href="/wiki/Furniture_Brands_International" title="Furniture Brands International">Furniture Brands International</a>, <a href="/wiki/Post_Holdings,_Inc." class="mw-redirect" title="Post Holdings, Inc.">Post Holdings, Inc.</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_Van_Lines" title="United Van Lines">United Van Lines</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mayflower_Transit" title="Mayflower Transit">Mayflower Transit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ralcorp" title="Ralcorp">Ralcorp</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hardee%27s" title="Hardee's">Hardee's</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Enterprise_Holdings" title="Enterprise Holdings">Enterprise Holdings</a> (parent company of several <a href="/wiki/Car_rental" title="Car rental">car rental</a> companies). Significant healthcare and biotechnology institutions with operations in St. Louis include <a href="/wiki/Pfizer" title="Pfizer">Pfizer</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Donald_Danforth_Plant_Science_Center" title="Donald Danforth Plant Science Center">Donald Danforth Plant Science Center</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Solae_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Solae Company">Solae Company</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sigma-Aldrich" title="Sigma-Aldrich">Sigma-Aldrich</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Multidata_Systems_International" title="Multidata Systems International">Multidata Systems International</a>. </p><p>Although it was purchased by Belgium-based <a href="/wiki/InBev" title="InBev">InBev</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anheuser-Busch" title="Anheuser-Busch">Anheuser-Busch</a> continues its presence in the city, as does <a href="/wiki/Mallinckrodt_Incorporated" class="mw-redirect" title="Mallinckrodt Incorporated">Mallinckrodt Incorporated</a> in spite of its purchase by <a href="/wiki/Tyco_International" title="Tyco International">Tyco International</a>. The <a href="/wiki/May_Department_Stores_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="May Department Stores Company">May Department Stores Company</a> (which owned <a href="/wiki/Famous-Barr" title="Famous-Barr">Famous-Barr</a> and <a href="/wiki/Marshall_Field%27s" title="Marshall Field's">Marshall Field's</a> stores) was purchased by <a href="/wiki/Federated_Department_Stores" class="mw-redirect" title="Federated Department Stores">Federated Department Stores</a>, but Federated maintained its regional headquarters in the area. <a href="/wiki/General_Motors" title="General Motors">General Motors</a> continues to produce railroad cars in the St. Louis area, although <a href="/wiki/Chrysler" title="Chrysler">Chrysler</a> closed its production facility in the region, which was located in <a href="/wiki/Fenton,_Missouri" title="Fenton, Missouri">Fenton, Missouri</a>. Despite its purchase by <a href="/wiki/Nestle" class="mw-redirect" title="Nestle">Nestle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ralston_Purina" title="Ralston Purina">Ralston Purina</a> remained headquartered in St. Louis as a wholly owned subsidiary.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> St. Louis is also home to <a href="/wiki/Boeing_Phantom_Works" title="Boeing Phantom Works">Boeing Phantom Works</a> (formerly <a href="/wiki/McDonnell-Douglas" class="mw-redirect" title="McDonnell-Douglas">McDonnell-Douglas</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Reserve_Bank_of_St_Louis" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Reserve Bank of St Louis">Federal Reserve Bank of St Louis</a> in downtown is one of two federal reserve banks in Missouri.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_St._Louis,_Missouri" class="mw-redirect" title="Culture of St. Louis, Missouri">Culture of St. Louis, Missouri</a></div> <p>With its French past and numerous Catholic immigrants in the 19th and 20th centuries, St. Louis is a center of <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholicism_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholicism in the United States">Roman Catholicism in the United States</a>. St. Louis also boasts the largest <a href="/wiki/Ethical_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethical Society">Ethical Culture Society</a> in the U.S.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2011)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Several places of worship in the city also are noteworthy, namely the <a href="/wiki/Cathedral_Basilica_of_St._Louis" class="mw-redirect" title="Cathedral Basilica of St. Louis">Cathedral Basilica of St. Louis</a>. </p><p>Many cultural attractions are located in the Greater St. Louis area, such as the <a href="/wiki/Gateway_Arch" title="Gateway Arch">Gateway Arch</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Delmar_Loop" title="Delmar Loop">Delmar Loop</a>. The city is also defined by music and the performing arts, especially its association with <a href="/wiki/Blues" title="Blues">blues</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz">jazz</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ragtime" title="Ragtime">ragtime</a>. <a href="/wiki/Classical_music" title="Classical music">Classical music</a> in St. Louis is also significant, as St. Louis is home to the second-oldest <a href="/wiki/Saint_Louis_Symphony_Orchestra" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Louis Symphony Orchestra">symphony orchestra</a> in the United States, and was home to <a href="/wiki/KFUO-FM" class="mw-redirect" title="KFUO-FM">one of the oldest classical music FM radio stations</a> west of the Mississippi River, until it was sold in 2010. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sports">Sports</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Sports_in_St._Louis,_Missouri" class="mw-redirect" title="Sports in St. Louis, Missouri">Sports in St. Louis, Missouri</a></div> <p>St. Louis is home to professional <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball" title="Major League Baseball">Major League Baseball</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">National Football League</a>, and <a href="/wiki/National_Hockey_League" title="National Hockey League">National Hockey League</a> teams, notable collegiate-level soccer teams, and has hosted several collegiate sports tournaments. </p> <table class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em auto 1em auto;"> <caption>Professional sports teams in St. Louis </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Club </th> <th>Sport </th> <th>League </th> <th>Venue </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Cardinals" title="St. Louis Cardinals">St. Louis Cardinals</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Baseball" title="Baseball">Baseball</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball" title="Major League Baseball">Major League Baseball</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Busch_Stadium" title="Busch Stadium">Busch Stadium</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Rams" title="St. Louis Rams">St. Louis Rams</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/American_football" title="American football">American football</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">National Football League</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Edward_Jones_Dome" class="mw-redirect" title="Edward Jones Dome">Edward Jones Dome</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Blues" title="St. Louis Blues">St. Louis Blues</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ice_hockey" title="Ice hockey">Ice hockey</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/National_Hockey_League" title="National Hockey League">National Hockey League</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Scottrade_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Scottrade Center">Scottrade Center</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Professional_sports">Professional sports</h3></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Cardinals" title="St. Louis Cardinals">St. Louis Cardinals</a>, one of the oldest franchises in <a href="/wiki/Major_League_Baseball" title="Major League Baseball">Major League Baseball</a>, have accumulated 11 <a href="/wiki/World_Series" title="World Series">World Series</a> titles, with the most recent being in 2011, and two <a href="/wiki/Minor_league_baseball" class="mw-redirect" title="Minor league baseball">minor league baseball</a> teams play in the area, the <a href="/wiki/Gateway_Grizzlies" title="Gateway Grizzlies">Gateway Grizzlies</a> and the <a href="/wiki/River_City_Rascals" title="River City Rascals">River City Rascals</a>. The <a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Rams" title="St. Louis Rams">St. Louis Rams</a>, an <a href="/wiki/American_football" title="American football">American football</a> <a href="/wiki/National_Football_League" title="National Football League">NFL</a> team, play at the <a href="/wiki/Edward_Jones_Dome" class="mw-redirect" title="Edward Jones Dome">Edward Jones Dome</a> and have won one <a href="/wiki/Super_Bowl" title="Super Bowl">Super Bowl</a> championship. The <a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Blues_(ice_hockey)" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Louis Blues (ice hockey)">St. Louis Blues</a>, a franchise of the <a href="/wiki/National_Hockey_League" title="National Hockey League">National Hockey League</a>, play at the <a href="/wiki/Scottrade_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Scottrade Center">Scottrade Center</a>, and the region hosts <a href="/wiki/NHRA" class="mw-redirect" title="NHRA">NHRA</a> <a href="/wiki/Drag_racing" title="Drag racing">drag racing</a> and <a href="/wiki/NASCAR" title="NASCAR">NASCAR</a> events at the <a href="/wiki/Gateway_International_Raceway" class="mw-redirect" title="Gateway International Raceway">Gateway International Raceway</a> in <a href="/wiki/Madison,_Illinois" title="Madison, Illinois">Madison, Illinois</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Amateur_sports">Amateur sports</h3></div> <p>At the collegiate level, St. Louis has hosted the <a href="/wiki/Final_Four" class="mw-redirect" title="Final Four">Final Four</a> of both the women's and men's <a href="/wiki/College_basketball" title="College basketball">college basketball</a> <a href="/wiki/NCAA" class="mw-redirect" title="NCAA">NCAA</a> <a href="/wiki/Division_I_(NCAA)" class="mw-redirect" title="Division I (NCAA)">Division I</a> championship tournaments, and the <a href="/wiki/Frozen_Four" class="mw-redirect" title="Frozen Four">Frozen Four</a> collegiate ice hockey tournament. Although the area does not support a <a href="/wiki/National_Basketball_Association" title="National Basketball Association">National Basketball Association</a> team, it hosts an <a href="/wiki/American_Basketball_Association_(2000%E2%80%93present)" title="American Basketball Association (2000–present)">American Basketball Association</a> team called the <a href="/w/index.php?title=St._Louis_Pioneers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="St. Louis Pioneers (page does not exist)">St. Louis Pioneers</a>. <a href="/wiki/Saint_Louis_University" title="Saint Louis University">Saint Louis University</a> has won 10 <a href="/wiki/NCAA_Men%27s_Soccer_Championship" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="NCAA Men's Soccer Championship">NCAA Men's Soccer Championships</a>, and the city has hosted the <a href="/wiki/College_Cup" title="College Cup">College Cup</a> several times. In addition to collegiate soccer, St. Louisans have played for the <a href="/wiki/United_States_men%27s_national_soccer_team" title="United States men's national soccer team">United States men's national soccer team</a>, and 20 St. Louisans have been elected into the <a href="/wiki/National_Soccer_Hall_of_Fame" title="National Soccer Hall of Fame">National Soccer Hall of Fame</a>. St. Louis also is the origin of the sport of <a href="/wiki/Corkball" title="Corkball">corkball</a>, a type of baseball in which there is no base running. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Parks">Parks</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Forest_PK_bridge.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Forest_PK_bridge.jpg/220px-Forest_PK_bridge.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Forest_PK_bridge.jpg/330px-Forest_PK_bridge.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/15/Forest_PK_bridge.jpg 2x" data-file-width="401" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption>Old footbridge in Forest Park</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Parks_in_St._Louis,_Missouri" class="mw-redirect" title="Parks in St. Louis, Missouri">Parks in St. Louis, Missouri</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For parks in the region, see <a href="/wiki/Parks_in_Greater_St._Louis" title="Parks in Greater St. Louis">Parks in Greater St. Louis</a>.</div> <p>The city operates more than one hundred parks, with amenities that include sports facilities, playgrounds, concert areas, picnic areas, and lakes. <a href="/wiki/Forest_Park_(St._Louis)" title="Forest Park (St. Louis)">Forest Park</a>, located on the western edge of city, is the largest park in the city, although it is not the largest park in the region. Another significant park in the city is the <a href="/wiki/Jefferson_National_Expansion_Memorial" class="mw-redirect" title="Jefferson National Expansion Memorial">Jefferson National Expansion Memorial</a>, a <a href="/wiki/National_Memorial" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="National Memorial">National Memorial</a> located on the riverfront in downtown St. Louis. The centerpiece of the park is the 630 feet (192 m) tall <a href="/wiki/Gateway_Arch" title="Gateway Arch">Gateway Arch</a>, designed by noted architect <a href="/wiki/Eero_Saarinen" title="Eero Saarinen">Eero Saarinen</a> and completed on October 28, 1965. Also part of the park is the <a href="/wiki/Old_Courthouse_(St._Louis,_Missouri)" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Courthouse (St. Louis, Missouri)">Old Courthouse</a>, where the first two trials of the <a href="/wiki/Dred_Scott_case" class="mw-redirect" title="Dred Scott case">Dred Scott case</a> were held in 1847 and 1850. </p><p>Other notable parks in the city include the <a href="/wiki/Missouri_Botanical_Garden" title="Missouri Botanical Garden">Missouri Botanical Garden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tower_Grove_Park" title="Tower Grove Park">Tower Grove Park</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Citygarden" title="Citygarden">Citygarden</a>. The Missouri Botanical Garden, a private garden and botanical research facility, includes the <a href="/wiki/Climatron" title="Climatron">Climatron</a>, a greenhouse built as a <a href="/wiki/Geodesic_dome" title="Geodesic dome">geodesic dome</a>. Immediately south of the Missouri Botanical Garden is Tower Grove Park, a gift to the City by <a href="/wiki/Henry_Shaw_(botanist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry Shaw (botanist)">Henry Shaw</a>. Citygarden is an urban <a href="/wiki/Sculpture_park" class="mw-redirect" title="Sculpture park">sculpture park</a> located in downtown St. Louis, with art from <a href="/wiki/Fernand_L%C3%A9ger" title="Fernand Léger">Fernand Léger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aristide_Maillol" title="Aristide Maillol">Aristide Maillol</a>, <a href="/wiki/Julian_Opie" title="Julian Opie">Julian Opie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tom_Otterness" title="Tom Otterness">Tom Otterness</a>, <a href="/wiki/Niki_de_Saint_Phalle" title="Niki de Saint Phalle">Niki de Saint Phalle</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Mark_di_Suvero" title="Mark di Suvero">Mark di Suvero</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The park is also divided into three sections, each of which represent a different theme: river bluffs; flood plains; and urban gardens. The park also has a restaurant – The Terrace View.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another downtown sculpture park is the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Serra_Sculpture_Park&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serra Sculpture Park (page does not exist)">Serra Sculpture Park</a>, with the 1982 <a href="/wiki/Richard_Serra" title="Richard Serra">Richard Serra</a> sculpture <i>Twain</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-serra_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-serra-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Government">Government</h2></div> <p>The city of St. Louis has a <a href="/wiki/Mayor-council" class="mw-redirect" title="Mayor-council">mayor-council</a> government with legislative authority vested in the <a href="/wiki/Board_of_Aldermen_of_the_City_of_St._Louis" class="mw-redirect" title="Board of Aldermen of the City of St. Louis">Board of Aldermen of the City of St. Louis</a> and with executive authority in the <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_St._Louis" title="Mayor of St. Louis">Mayor of St. Louis</a> and six other separately elected officials.<sup id="cite_ref-citygovt_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-citygovt-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Board of Aldermen is made up of 28 members (one elected from each of the city's wards) plus a board president who is elected city-wide. As of 2004, 257,442 registered voters lived in the city.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Local_and_regional_government">Local and regional government</h3></div> <p>Municipal elections in St. Louis city are held in odd numbered years, with the primary elections in March and the general election in April. The mayor is elected in odd numbered years following the United States Presidential Election, as are the aldermen representing odd-numbered wards. The President of the Board of Aldermen and the aldermen from even-numbered wards are elected in the off-years. The <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a> has dominated St. Louis city politics for decades. The city has not had a <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> mayor since 1949 and the last time a Republican was elected to another city-wide office was in the 1970s. As of 2006, 27 of the city's 28 Aldermen are Democrats. </p><p>Although St. Louis City and County separated in 1876, some mechanisms have been put in place for joint funding management and funding of regional assets. The St. Louis Zoo-Museum district collects property taxes from residents of both St. Louis City and County and the funds are used to support cultural institutions including the <a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Zoo" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Louis Zoo">St. Louis Zoo</a>, <a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Art_Museum" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Louis Art Museum">St. Louis Art Museum</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Missouri_Botanical_Gardens" class="mw-redirect" title="Missouri Botanical Gardens">Missouri Botanical Gardens</a>. Similarly, the Metropolitan Sewer District provides sanitary and storm sewer service to the city and much of St. Louis County. The Bi-State Development Agency (now known as Metro) runs the region's <a href="/wiki/St._Louis_MetroLink" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Louis MetroLink">MetroLink</a> light rail system and bus system. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="State_and_federal_government">State and federal government</h3></div> <p>The city of St. Louis is represented by eleven districts in the <a href="/wiki/Missouri_House_of_Representatives" title="Missouri House of Representatives">Missouri House of Representatives</a>: the 57th, 58th, 59th, 60th, 61st, 63rd, 65th, 67th and 108th are entirely within the city limits, while the 64th and 66th include part of the city and part of St. Louis County.<sup id="cite_ref-districtmaps_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-districtmaps-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two <a href="/wiki/Missouri_State_Senate" class="mw-redirect" title="Missouri State Senate">Missouri State Senate</a> districts, the 4th and 5th, are entirely within the city, while the 1st Senate district includes part of the city and part of St. Louis County.<sup id="cite_ref-districtmaps_47-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-districtmaps-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The City of St. Louis is split roughly in half north to south by Missouri's 1st and 3rd U.S. <a href="/wiki/Congressional_district" title="Congressional district">Congressional districts</a>. The 1st is represented by <a href="/wiki/Lacy_Clay" title="Lacy Clay">Lacy Clay</a> and the 3rd by <a href="/wiki/Russ_Carnahan" title="Russ Carnahan">Russ Carnahan</a>. Both are members of the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a>; a Republican has not represented a significant portion of St. Louis in the U.S. House since 1949. Each district also includes a significant portion of St. Louis County. Both the city and county lost population in the 2010 Census which contributed to Missouri losing a Congressional seat effective 2013. Initial redistricting maps indicate that the 3rd district would be absorbed into the 1st district placing Carnahan and Clay in the same district and giving St. Louis only one representative in Congress.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/United_States_Court_of_Appeals_for_the_Eighth_Circuit" title="United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit">United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit</a> and the <a href="/wiki/United_States_District_Court_for_the_Eastern_District_of_Missouri" title="United States District Court for the Eastern District of Missouri">United States District Court for the Eastern District of Missouri</a> are based in the <a href="/wiki/Thomas_F._Eagleton_United_States_Courthouse" title="Thomas F. Eagleton United States Courthouse">Thomas F. Eagleton United States Courthouse</a> in downtown St. Louis. St. Louis is also home to a <a href="/wiki/Federal_Reserve_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Reserve System">Federal Reserve System</a> branch, the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Reserve_Bank_of_St._Louis" title="Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis">Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis</a>. The <a href="/wiki/National_Geospatial-Intelligence_Agency" title="National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency">National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency</a> (NGA) also maintains major facilities in the St. Louis area.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Crime">Crime</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Crime_in_St._Louis,_Missouri" class="mw-redirect" title="Crime in St. Louis, Missouri">Crime in St. Louis, Missouri</a></div> <p>Since the mid 1990s, St. Louis <a href="/wiki/Index_crime" class="mw-redirect" title="Index crime">index crime</a> rates have declined, although homicide rates in the city of St. Louis have remained higher than the <a href="/wiki/Crime_in_the_United_States" title="Crime in the United States">United States national average</a>. St. Louis also frequently is ranked among the "most dangerous" in the country by <a href="/wiki/CQ_Press" title="CQ Press">CQ Press</a>, although these rankings are controversial and do not reflect the crime rate of Greater St. Louis.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Education_in_St._Louis,_Missouri" class="mw-redirect" title="Education in St. Louis, Missouri">Education in St. Louis, Missouri</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For education in the region, see <a href="/wiki/Education_in_Greater_St._Louis" title="Education in Greater St. Louis">Education in Greater St. Louis</a>.</div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Public_Schools" title="St. Louis Public Schools">St. Louis Public Schools</a> serves the city of St. Louis with 77 schools, and it is run by a state appointed board.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With more than 25,000 students, the district is the largest in Greater St. Louis. The city of St. Louis has several private high schools, both secular and religiously affiliated, including numerous <a href="/wiki/Catholic_school" title="Catholic school">Catholic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lutheran_school" title="Lutheran school">Lutheran schools</a>. </p><p>According to the <a href="/wiki/Carnegie_Classification_of_Institutions_of_Higher_Education" title="Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education">Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education</a>, the city of St. Louis is home to two national research universities: <a href="/wiki/Washington_University_in_St._Louis" title="Washington University in St. Louis">Washington University in St. Louis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Saint_Louis_University" title="Saint Louis University">Saint Louis University</a>. Washington University Medical Center is located in the city's Central West End neighborhood, while the majority of Washington University's main campus is located in adjacent St. Louis County. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Media">Media</h2></div> <p>Greater St. Louis commands the 21st largest <a href="/wiki/Media_market" title="Media market">media market</a> in the United States, a position it has held with little variation for more than ten years.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All of the major U.S. television networks have affiliates in St. Louis, including <a href="/wiki/KTVI" title="KTVI">KTVI</a> 2 (<a href="/wiki/Fox_Broadcasting_Company" title="Fox Broadcasting Company">Fox</a>), <a href="/wiki/KMOV" title="KMOV">KMOV</a> 4 (<a href="/wiki/CBS" title="CBS">CBS</a>), <a href="/wiki/KSDK" title="KSDK">KSDK</a> 5 (<a href="/wiki/NBC" title="NBC">NBC</a>), <a href="/wiki/KETC" title="KETC">KETC</a> 9 (<a href="/wiki/Public_Broadcasting_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Broadcasting Service">PBS</a>), <a href="/wiki/KPLR-TV" title="KPLR-TV">KPLR-TV</a> 11 (<a href="/wiki/The_CW_Television_Network" class="mw-redirect" title="The CW Television Network">CW</a>), <a href="/wiki/KDNL" class="mw-redirect" title="KDNL">KDNL</a> 30 (<a href="/wiki/American_Broadcasting_Company" title="American Broadcasting Company">ABC</a>), <a href="/wiki/WRBU" title="WRBU">WRBU</a> 46 (<a href="/wiki/My_Network_TV" class="mw-redirect" title="My Network TV">MNTV</a>), and <a href="/wiki/WPXS" title="WPXS">WPXS</a> 51 <a href="/wiki/Daystar_Television_Network" title="Daystar Television Network">Daystar Television Network</a>. Among the most popular radio stations in the St. Louis area are <a href="/wiki/KMOX" title="KMOX">KMOX</a> (AM sports and talk), <a href="/wiki/KLOU" title="KLOU">KLOU</a> (FM oldies), <a href="/wiki/WIL-FM" title="WIL-FM">WIL-FM</a> (FM country), <a href="/wiki/WARH" title="WARH">WARH</a> (FM adult hits), and <a href="/wiki/KSLZ" title="KSLZ">KSLZ</a> (FM top 40 mainstream).<sup id="cite_ref-arbitron_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-arbitron-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> St. Louis also supports <a href="/wiki/Public_radio" class="mw-redirect" title="Public radio">public radio</a> with <a href="/wiki/KWMU" title="KWMU">KWMU</a>, an <a href="/wiki/National_Public_Radio" class="mw-redirect" title="National Public Radio">NPR</a> affiliate, and <a href="/wiki/Community_radio" title="Community radio">community radio</a> with <a href="/wiki/KDHX" title="KDHX">KDHX</a>. </p><p>The <i><a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Post-Dispatch" title="St. Louis Post-Dispatch">St. Louis Post-Dispatch</a></i> is the region's major daily newspaper. Other newspapers in the region include the <i><a href="/wiki/Suburban_Journals" title="Suburban Journals">Suburban Journals</a></i>, serving parts of St. Louis County, while the primary <a href="/wiki/Alternative_newspaper" title="Alternative newspaper">alternative newspaper</a> is the <i><a href="/wiki/Riverfront_Times" title="Riverfront Times">Riverfront Times</a></i>. Three weeklies serve the African-American community: the <i><a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Argus" title="St. Louis Argus">St. Louis Argus</a></i>, the <i><a href="/wiki/St._Louis_American" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Louis American">St. Louis American</a></i>, and the <i><a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Sentinel" title="St. Louis Sentinel">St. Louis Sentinel</a></i>. <i><a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Magazine" title="St. Louis Magazine">St. Louis Magazine</a></i>, a local monthly magazine, covers topics such as local history, cuisine, and lifestyles, while the weekly <i><a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Business_Journal" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Louis Business Journal">St. Louis Business Journal</a></i> provides coverage of regional business news. St. Louis is also home to the nation's last remaining metropolitan journalism review, the <i><a href="/wiki/Gateway_Journalism_Review" class="mw-redirect" title="Gateway Journalism Review">Gateway Journalism Review</a></i>, based at <a href="/wiki/Webster_University" title="Webster University">Webster University</a> in the suburb of <a href="/wiki/Webster_Groves,_Missouri" title="Webster Groves, Missouri">Webster Groves</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-gatewayreview_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gatewayreview-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Furthermore, St. Louis is served by an <a href="/wiki/Online_newspaper" title="Online newspaper">online newspaper</a>, the <i><a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Beacon" title="St. Louis Beacon">St. Louis Beacon</a></i>, which operates in partnership and shares facilities with <a href="/wiki/KETC" title="KETC">KETC</a> 9 TV.<sup id="cite_ref-beacon_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-beacon-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Infrastructure">Infrastructure</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Transportation">Transportation</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:St_Louis_Metrolink_train.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/St_Louis_Metrolink_train.jpg/220px-St_Louis_Metrolink_train.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/St_Louis_Metrolink_train.jpg/330px-St_Louis_Metrolink_train.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/St_Louis_Metrolink_train.jpg/440px-St_Louis_Metrolink_train.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1728" data-file-height="1152" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/MetroLink_(St._Louis)" title="MetroLink (St. Louis)">MetroLink</a> <a href="/wiki/Commuter_rail" title="Commuter rail">commuter rail</a> train in St. Louis</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_St._Louis,_Missouri" class="mw-redirect" title="Transportation in St. Louis, Missouri">Transportation in St. Louis, Missouri</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For transportation in the region, see <a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_Greater_St._Louis" class="mw-redirect" title="Transportation in Greater St. Louis">Transportation in Greater St. Louis</a>.</div> <p>The city of St. Louis is served by four <a href="/wiki/Interstate_Highway_System" title="Interstate Highway System">interstates</a> and several <a href="/wiki/U.S._highways" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. highways">U.S. highways</a> and state roadways. Although there are no airports within the city limits, the city owns and operates <a href="/wiki/Lambert-St._Louis_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Lambert-St. Louis International Airport">Lambert-St. Louis International Airport</a>, located in northwest St. Louis County. <a href="/wiki/Freight_rail" class="mw-redirect" title="Freight rail">Freight rail</a> and <a href="/wiki/Passenger_rail" class="mw-redirect" title="Passenger rail">passenger rail</a> service operate in the city on tracks owned by <a href="/wiki/BNSF_Railway" title="BNSF Railway">BNSF Railway</a>, with passenger service provided by <a href="/wiki/Amtrak" title="Amtrak">Amtrak</a> and served at the <a href="/wiki/Gateway_Multimodal_Transportation_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Gateway Multimodal Transportation Center">Gateway Multimodal Transportation Center</a> in downtown St. Louis. <a href="/wiki/Rapid_transit" title="Rapid transit">Rapid transit</a> and <a href="/wiki/Commuter_rail" title="Commuter rail">commuter rail</a> service in the city is provided by <a href="/wiki/MetroLink_(St._Louis)" title="MetroLink (St. Louis)">MetroLink</a>, while <a href="/wiki/Public_transport_bus_service" title="Public transport bus service">bus service</a> is provided by <a href="/wiki/MetroBus_(St._Louis)" title="MetroBus (St. Louis)">MetroBus</a>, both of which are owned and operated by the <a href="/wiki/Bi-State_Development_Agency" title="Bi-State Development Agency">Bi-State Development Agency</a>. St. Louis also maintains a <a href="/wiki/Port_authority" title="Port authority">port authority</a> for river shipping, and <a href="/wiki/Taxicabs" class="mw-redirect" title="Taxicabs">taxicabs</a> are regulated within the city. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Healthcare">Healthcare</h3></div> <p>St. Louis is a center of medicine and <a href="/wiki/Biotechnology" title="Biotechnology">biotechnology</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Washington_University_in_St._Louis" title="Washington University in St. Louis">Washington University</a> School of Medicine is affiliated with the <a href="/wiki/Barnes-Jewish_Hospital" title="Barnes-Jewish Hospital">Barnes-Jewish Hospital</a>, the fifth largest in the world. The School of Medicine is also affiliated with <a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Children%27s_Hospital" title="St. Louis Children's Hospital">St. Louis Children's Hospital</a>, one of the country's top pediatric hospitals. Both hospitals are owned by <a href="/wiki/BJC_HealthCare" title="BJC HealthCare">BJC HealthCare</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Washington_University_School_of_Medicine" title="Washington University School of Medicine">School of Medicine</a> ranks in the top five nationally. <a href="/wiki/Washington_University_School_of_Medicine" title="Washington University School of Medicine">Washington University School of Medicine</a> and Barnes-Jewish Hospital operate the Siteman Cancer Center. The school's Genome Sequencing Center played a major role in the <a href="/wiki/Human_Genome_Project" title="Human Genome Project">Human Genome Project</a>. <a href="/wiki/Saint_Louis_University" title="Saint Louis University">Saint Louis University</a> Medical School is affiliated with <a href="/wiki/Tenet_Healthcare" title="Tenet Healthcare">Tenet</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Saint_Louis_University_Hospital" title="Saint Louis University Hospital">Saint Louis University Hospital</a> and <a href="/wiki/SSM_Health_Care" class="mw-redirect" title="SSM Health Care">SSM Health Care</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_Glennon_Children%27s_Hospital" title="Cardinal Glennon Children's Hospital">Cardinal Glennon Children's Hospital</a>. It also has a cancer center, vaccine research center and a bioethics institute. Several different organizations operate hospitals in the area, including <a href="/wiki/BJC_HealthCare" title="BJC HealthCare">BJC HealthCare</a>, <a href="/wiki/SSM_Health_Care" class="mw-redirect" title="SSM Health Care">SSM Health Care</a>, Tenet and St. John's Mercy Healthcare, with operates St. John's Mercy Medical Center. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Architecture_and_neighborhoods">Architecture and neighborhoods</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_St._Louis,_Missouri" class="mw-redirect" title="Architecture of St. Louis, Missouri">Architecture of St. Louis, Missouri</a>; <a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_in_St._Louis" title="List of tallest buildings in St. Louis">List of tallest buildings in St. Louis</a>; <a href="/wiki/Landmarks_of_St._Louis,_Missouri" class="mw-redirect" title="Landmarks of St. Louis, Missouri">Landmarks of St. Louis, Missouri</a>; and <a href="/wiki/Neighborhoods_of_St._Louis,_Missouri" class="mw-redirect" title="Neighborhoods of St. Louis, Missouri">Neighborhoods of St. Louis, Missouri</a></div> <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:908px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize" style="overflow:auto"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:St._Louis_skyline_September_2008.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="St. Louis skyline in September 2008 from the air looking west."><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/St._Louis_skyline_September_2008.jpg/900px-St._Louis_skyline_September_2008.jpg" decoding="async" width="900" height="269" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/St._Louis_skyline_September_2008.jpg/1350px-St._Louis_skyline_September_2008.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/St._Louis_skyline_September_2008.jpg/1800px-St._Louis_skyline_September_2008.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2271" data-file-height="680" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:St._Louis_skyline_September_2008.jpg" title="File:St. Louis skyline September 2008.jpg"> </a></div>St. Louis skyline in September 2008 from the air looking west.</div></div></div> <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:908px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize" style="overflow:auto"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:STL_Skyline_2007_edit.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="St. Louis skyline in 2007 from East St. Louis, Illinois looking west. The large building on the right side of the arch is One Metropolitan Square. The tallest building to its left is One AT&T Center. The tallest building on the right is One US Bank Plaza. The domed building to the left of the arch is the Thomas F. Eagleton United States Courthouse. The domed building beneath the arch is the Old Courthouse. The cylindrical building to the left of the arch is the Millenium Hotel."><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/STL_Skyline_2007_edit.jpg/900px-STL_Skyline_2007_edit.jpg" decoding="async" width="900" height="205" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/STL_Skyline_2007_edit.jpg/1350px-STL_Skyline_2007_edit.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/STL_Skyline_2007_edit.jpg/1800px-STL_Skyline_2007_edit.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5000" data-file-height="1139" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:STL_Skyline_2007_edit.jpg" title="File:STL Skyline 2007 edit.jpg"> </a></div>St. Louis skyline in 2007 from <a href="/wiki/East_St._Louis,_Illinois" title="East St. Louis, Illinois">East St. Louis, Illinois</a> looking west. The large building on the right side of the arch is <a href="/wiki/One_Metropolitan_Square" title="One Metropolitan Square">One Metropolitan Square</a>. The tallest building to its left is <a href="/wiki/AT%26T_Center_(St._Louis)" class="mw-redirect" title="AT&T Center (St. Louis)">One AT&T Center</a>. The tallest building on the right is <a href="/wiki/One_US_Bank_Plaza" title="One US Bank Plaza">One US Bank Plaza</a>. The domed building to the left of the arch is the <a href="/wiki/Thomas_F._Eagleton_United_States_Courthouse" title="Thomas F. Eagleton United States Courthouse">Thomas F. Eagleton United States Courthouse</a>. The domed building beneath the arch is the <a href="/wiki/Old_Courthouse_(St._Louis,_Missouri)" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Courthouse (St. Louis, Missouri)">Old Courthouse</a>. The cylindrical building to the left of the arch is the Millenium Hotel.</div></div></div> <p>St. Louis possesses several significant examples of 19th century architecture, such as the early stone construction <a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_DeHodiamont_House" title="Emmanuel DeHodiamont House">Emmanuel DeHodiamont House</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Greek_Revival_style" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek Revival style">Greek Revival style</a> <a href="/wiki/Chatillon-DeMenil_House" class="mw-redirect" title="Chatillon-DeMenil House">Chatillon-DeMenil House</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Soulard,_St._Louis" title="Soulard, St. Louis">Soulard</a> neighborhood, the <a href="/wiki/Victorian_era" title="Victorian era">Victorian era</a> <a href="/wiki/Campbell_House_Museum" title="Campbell House Museum">Campbell House</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Wainwright_Building" title="Wainwright Building">Wainwright Building</a>, an early <a href="/wiki/Louis_Sullivan" title="Louis Sullivan">Louis Sullivan</a> skyscraper. The city is divided into 79 government-designated neighborhoods. The neighborhood divisions have no legal standing, although some neighborhood associations administer grants or hold veto power over historic-district development. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sister_cities">Sister cities</h2></div> <p>St. Louis has fifteen <a href="/wiki/Sister_cities" class="mw-redirect" title="Sister cities">sister cities</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Multicol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template:Multicol (page does not exist)">Template:Multicol</a> </p> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> – <a href="/wiki/Bologna" title="Bologna">Bologna</a>, Italy</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia"><img alt="Indonesia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> – <a href="/wiki/Bogor" title="Bogor">Bogor</a>, Indonesia</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina"><img alt="Bosnia and Herzegovina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> – <a href="/wiki/Br%C4%8Dko_(city)" class="mw-redirect" title="Brčko (city)">Brčko</a>, Bosnia and Herzegovina</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland"><img alt="Republic of Ireland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> – <a href="/wiki/Donegal" class="mw-disambig" title="Donegal">Donegal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Co._Donegal" class="mw-redirect" title="Co. Donegal">Co. Donegal</a>, Ireland</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland"><img alt="Republic of Ireland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Flag_of_Ireland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> – <a href="/wiki/Galway" title="Galway">Galway</a>, <a href="/wiki/Co._Galway" class="mw-redirect" title="Co. Galway">Co. Galway</a>, Ireland</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Guyana" title="Guyana"><img alt="Guyana" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_Guyana.svg/23px-Flag_of_Guyana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_Guyana.svg/35px-Flag_of_Guyana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_Guyana.svg/46px-Flag_of_Guyana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> – <a href="/wiki/Georgetown,_Guyana" title="Georgetown, Guyana">Georgetown</a>, Guyana</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> – <a href="/wiki/Lyon" title="Lyon">Lyon</a>, France</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/China" title="China"><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> – <a href="/wiki/Nanjing" title="Nanjing">Nanjing</a>, China</li></ul> <p>| class="col-break " | </p> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Senegal" title="Senegal"><img alt="Senegal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Senegal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Senegal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Senegal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Senegal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Flag_of_Senegal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Senegal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> – <a href="/wiki/Saint-Louis,_Senegal" title="Saint-Louis, Senegal">Saint-Louis</a>, Senegal</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia"><img alt="Russia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> – <a href="/wiki/Samara,_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Samara, Russia">Samara</a>, Russia</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico"><img alt="Mexico" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /></a></span></span> – <a href="/wiki/San_Luis_Potos%C3%AD,_San_Luis_Potos%C3%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí">San Luis Potosí</a>, Mexico</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> – <a href="/wiki/Stuttgart" title="Stuttgart">Stuttgart</a>, Germany</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan"><img alt="Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> – <a href="/wiki/Suwa,_Nagano" title="Suwa, Nagano">Suwa</a>, Japan</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland"><img alt="Poland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> – <a href="/wiki/Szczecin" title="Szczecin">Szczecin</a>, Poland</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/China" title="China"><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> – <a href="/wiki/Wuhan" title="Wuhan">Wuhan</a>, China</li></ul> <p>  </p><p> |} </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_Missouri.svg/32px-Flag_of_Missouri.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_Missouri.svg/48px-Flag_of_Missouri.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_Missouri.svg/64px-Flag_of_Missouri.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1400" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Missouri" title="Portal:Missouri">Missouri portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_St._Louis" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of St. Louis">Roman Catholic Archdiocese of St. Louis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caves_of_St._Louis" title="Caves of St. Louis">Caves of St. Louis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Flood_of_1993" title="Great Flood of 1993">Great Flood of 1993</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heat_wave_of_2006_derecho_series" title="Heat wave of 2006 derecho series">Heat wave of 2006 derecho series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LaClede_Town" title="LaClede Town">LaClede Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Mayors_of_St._Louis" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Mayors of St. Louis">List of Mayors of St. Louis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_St._Louis,_Missouri" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the Jews in St. Louis, Missouri">History of the Jews in St. Louis, Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_St._Louis_(city,_A%E2%80%93L),_Missouri" class="mw-redirect" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in St. Louis (city, A–L), Missouri">National Register of Historic Places listings in St. Louis (city, A–L), Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_St._Louis_(city,_M-Z),_Missouri" class="mw-redirect" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in St. Louis (city, M-Z), Missouri">National Register of Historic Places listings in St. Louis (city, M-Z), Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Louis_in_the_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Louis in the Civil War">St. Louis in the Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Louis_smog_episode_(1939)" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Louis smog episode (1939)">St. Louis smog episode (1939)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.globosapiens.net/travel-information/St.+Louis-698.html">"St. Louis United States – Visiting the Gateway to the West"</a>. Globosapiens.net<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 18,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Steinhoff+Congratulates+St.+Louis+on+Receiving+Urban+Renewal+Award&rft.pub=Missouri+Department+of+Economic+Development&rft.date=2006-12-08&rft.au=Spence+Jackson&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fded.mo.gov%2Fcgi-bin%2Fdispress.pl%3Ftxtpressid%3D1817&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASt.+Louis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rftstl.com/2000-12-06/news/a-sewer-runs-through-it/">St. Louis – News – A Sewer Runs Through It</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-climate-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-climate_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Climatology of St. Louis and the Bi-State Area. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.crh.noaa.gov/lsx/?n=cli_of_stl">http://www.crh.noaa.gov/lsx/?n=cli_of_stl</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NWS_Records_MO-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NWS_Records_MO_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="error mw-ext-cite-error" lang="en" dir="ltr">Cite error: The named reference <code>NWS Records MO</code> was invoked but never defined (see the <a href="/wiki/Help:Cite_errors/Cite_error_references_no_text" title="Help:Cite errors/Cite error references no text">help page</a>).</span></li> <li id="cite_note-weatherbase-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-weatherbase_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.weatherbase.com/weather/weatherall.php3?s=43427&refer=&units=us">"Historical Weather for St. Louis, Missouri"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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(2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.convio.com/convio/news/releases/convio-ranks-generous-cities-2009.html">"Convio ranks most generous online cities"</a>. convio<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 21,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Convio+ranks+most+generous+online+cities&rft.pub=convio&rft.date=2010&rft.aulast=Druart&rft.aufirst=T.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.convio.com%2Fconvio%2Fnews%2Freleases%2Fconvio-ranks-generous-cities-2009.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASt.+Louis" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Unknown parameter <code class="cs1-code">|month=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#parameter_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGibson,_Campbell1998" class="citation web cs1">Gibson, Campbell (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20070513081426/http://www.census.gov/population/documentation/twps0027/tab01.txt">"Table 1. Rank by Population of the 100 Largest Urban Places, Listed Alphabetically by State: 1790-1990"</a>. U.S. Census Bureau. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.census.gov/population/documentation/twps0027/tab01.txt">the original</a> on May 13, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 1,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Table+1.+Rank+by+Population+of+the+100+Largest+Urban+Places%2C+Listed+Alphabetically+by+State%3A+1790-1990&rft.pub=U.S.+Census+Bureau&rft.date=1998&rft.au=Gibson%2C+Campbell&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.census.gov%2Fpopulation%2Fdocumentation%2Ftwps0027%2Ftab01.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASt.+Louis" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Unknown parameter <code class="cs1-code">|month=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#parameter_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAtwater,_Isaac1893" class="citation book cs1">Atwater, Isaac (1893). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=CoVGorZ2vWMC&pg=PA96&lpg=PA96"><i>History of the city of Minneapolis, Minnesota</i></a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 4,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=River+Transportation+through+and+to+St.+Louis&rft.pub=St.+Louis+Commerce+Magazine&rft.date=2005&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stlcommercemagazine.com%2Farchives%2Fmarch2005%2Friver.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASt.+Louis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-500list-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-500list_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Fortune 500 List (2011).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stlrcga.org/x2212.xml">"Ratings and Rankings – Area Companies"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 14,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=USA+Today&rft.atitle=JDAM+smart+bombs+prove+to+be+accurate+and+a+good+buy&rft.date=2003-03-24&rft.aulast=Stoller&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Fmoney%2Fworld%2Firaq%2F2003-03-23-jdam_x.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASt.+Louis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://stlouisfed.org/about%5Fus/">"About Us | The Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis"</a>. St. Louis Fed<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 14,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About+Us+%26%23124%3B+The+Federal+Reserve+Bank+of+St.+Louis&rft.pub=St.+Louis+Fed&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fstlouisfed.org%2Fabout%255Fus%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASt.+Louis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tim Bryant, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stltoday.com/blogzone/building-blocks/uncategorized/2009/07/citygarden-an-immediate-hit-with-visitors/">Citygarden an immediate hit with visitors</a>." St. Louis Post-Dispatch. Jul. 1, 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">David Bonetti, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stltoday.com/stltoday/entertainment/stories.nsf/visualarts/story/EFB03D819B8415B7862575E2000ACAB1?OpenDocument">Spectacular Citygarden is opening on schedule in St. Louis</a>." St. Louis Post-Dispatch. Jun. 28, 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Joe Bonwich, "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stltoday.com/stltoday/news/stories.nsf/stlouiscitycounty/story/27137ABF7EF389D7862575D300105840?OpenDocument">Eatery will round out sculpture garden</a>." St. Louis Post-Dispatch. Jun. 12, 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-serra-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-serra_44-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://stlouis.missouri.org/citygov//parks/parks_div/serra.html">http://stlouis.missouri.org/citygov//parks/parks_div/serra.html</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-citygovt-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-citygovt_45-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://stlouis-mo.gov/government/elected-officials.cfm">http://stlouis-mo.gov/government/elected-officials.cfm</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sos.mo.gov/elections/registeredvoters.asp?rvmID=0008">"SOS, Missouri – Elections: Registered Voters in Missouri 1992–2004"</a>. 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St. Louis Center for International Relations<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 20,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=St.+Louis+Sister+Cities&rft.pub=St.+Louis+Center+for+International+Relations&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldtradecenter-stl.com%2FsisterCities%2FindexSC.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASt.+Louis" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 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title="North"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/14px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/21px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/28px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td style="width:33%"><a href="/wiki/St._Louis_County,_Missouri" title="St. Louis County, Missouri">St. Louis County</a></td> <td style="width:33%;"> <div style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span title="West"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/17px-Pfeil_links.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/25px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/34px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></span></span><b style="display:inline-block; vertical-align:middle; margin:0.75em 1em">St. Louis, Missouri</b><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span title="East"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/17px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/25px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/34px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td style="width:33%"><a href="/wiki/Mississippi_River" title="Mississippi River">Mississippi River</a></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="South"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/14px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/21px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/28px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/St._Louis_County,_Missouri" title="St. Louis County, Missouri">St. Louis County</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/St._Clair_County,_Illinois" title="St. Clair County, Illinois">St. Clair County, Illinois</a></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=St._Louis&params=38.63_N_90.2_W_"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">38°38′N</span> <span class="longitude">90°12′W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">38.63°N 90.20°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">38.63; -90.20</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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Louis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a></li> <li>United States</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_St._Louis" title="Architecture of St. Louis">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Lambert_International_Airport" title="St. Louis Lambert International Airport">Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Board_of_Aldermen" title="St. Louis Board of Aldermen">Board of Alderman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_Hall_(St._Louis)" title="City Hall (St. Louis)">City Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_St._Louis" title="Culture of St. Louis">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_St._Louis" title="Crime in St. Louis">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_St._Louis" title="Cuisine of St. Louis">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_St._Louis" title="Economy of St. 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style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:St._Louis_MSA" title="Template:St. Louis MSA"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:St._Louis_MSA" title="Template talk:St. Louis MSA"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:St._Louis_MSA" title="Special:EditPage/Template:St. Louis MSA"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Greater_St._Louis" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Greater_St._Louis" title="Greater St. Louis">Greater St. Louis</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Illinois" title="Illinois">Illinois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States of America</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_St._Louis" title="Culture of St. Louis">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Greater_St._Louis" class="mw-redirect" title="Crime in Greater St. Louis">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_St._Louis" title="Economy of St. Louis">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Greater_St._Louis" title="Education in Greater St. Louis">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_St._Louis" title="History of St. Louis">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parks_in_Greater_St._Louis" title="Parks in Greater St. Louis">Parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_Greater_St._Louis" class="mw-redirect" title="Transportation in Greater St. Louis">Transportation</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Greaterstl.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Map of the St. Louis Metropolitan Statistical Area"><img alt="Map of the St. Louis Metropolitan Statistical Area" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Greaterstl.png/160px-Greaterstl.png" decoding="async" width="160" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Greaterstl.png/240px-Greaterstl.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Greaterstl.png/320px-Greaterstl.png 2x" data-file-width="924" data-file-height="904" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Central city</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">St. Louis</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Largest cities<br />(over 50,000 in <a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_census" title="2020 United States census">2020</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chesterfield,_Missouri" title="Chesterfield, Missouri">Chesterfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florissant,_Missouri" title="Florissant, Missouri">Florissant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O%27Fallon,_Missouri" title="O'Fallon, Missouri">O'Fallon (Missouri)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Charles,_Missouri" title="St. Charles, Missouri">St. Charles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Peters,_Missouri" title="St. Peters, Missouri">St. Peters</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Medium-sized cities<br />(over 20,000 in <a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_census" title="2020 United States census">2020</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Affton,_Missouri" title="Affton, Missouri">Affton CDP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alton,_Illinois" title="Alton, Illinois">Alton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnold,_Missouri" title="Arnold, Missouri">Arnold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballwin,_Missouri" title="Ballwin, Missouri">Ballwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belleville,_Illinois" title="Belleville, Illinois">Belleville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cahokia_Heights,_Illinois" title="Cahokia Heights, Illinois">Cahokia Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collinsville,_Illinois" title="Collinsville, Illinois">Collinsville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwardsville,_Illinois" title="Edwardsville, Illinois">Edwardsville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granite_City,_Illinois" title="Granite City, Illinois">Granite City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hazelwood,_Missouri" title="Hazelwood, Missouri">Hazelwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirkwood,_Missouri" title="Kirkwood, Missouri">Kirkwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maryland_Heights,_Missouri" title="Maryland Heights, Missouri">Maryland Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mehlville,_Missouri" title="Mehlville, Missouri">Mehlville CDP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oakville,_Missouri" title="Oakville, Missouri">Oakville CDP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O%27Fallon,_Illinois" title="O'Fallon, Illinois">O'Fallon (Illinois)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_City,_Missouri" title="University City, Missouri">University City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Webster_Groves,_Missouri" title="Webster Groves, Missouri">Webster Groves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wentzville,_Missouri" title="Wentzville, Missouri">Wentzville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildwood,_Missouri" title="Wildwood, Missouri">Wildwood</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Largest towns<br />and villages<br />(over 10,000 in <a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_census" title="2020 United States census">2020</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bellefontaine_Neighbors,_Missouri" title="Bellefontaine Neighbors, Missouri">Bellefontaine Neighbors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridgeton,_Missouri" title="Bridgeton, Missouri">Bridgeton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clayton,_Missouri" title="Clayton, Missouri">Clayton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbia,_Illinois" title="Columbia, Illinois">Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concord,_Missouri" title="Concord, Missouri">Concord CDP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crestwood,_Missouri" title="Crestwood, Missouri">Crestwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creve_Coeur,_Missouri" title="Creve Coeur, Missouri">Creve Coeur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dardenne_Prairie,_Missouri" title="Dardenne Prairie, Missouri">Dardenne Prairie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_St._Louis,_Illinois" title="East St. Louis, Illinois">East St. Louis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairview_Heights,_Illinois" title="Fairview Heights, Illinois">Fairview Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farmington,_Missouri" title="Farmington, Missouri">Farmington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferguson,_Missouri" title="Ferguson, Missouri">Ferguson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Festus,_Missouri" title="Festus, Missouri">Festus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glen_Carbon,_Illinois" title="Glen Carbon, Illinois">Glen Carbon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Godfrey,_Illinois" title="Godfrey, Illinois">Godfrey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highland,_Illinois" title="Highland, Illinois">Highland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jennings,_Missouri" title="Jennings, Missouri">Jennings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lake_St._Louis,_Missouri" title="Lake St. Louis, Missouri">Lake St. Louis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lemay,_Missouri" title="Lemay, Missouri">Lemay CDP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchester,_Missouri" title="Manchester, Missouri">Manchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overland,_Missouri" title="Overland, Missouri">Overland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Jamestown,_Missouri" title="Old Jamestown, Missouri">Old Jamestown CDP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Ann,_Missouri" title="St. Ann, Missouri">St. Ann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiloh,_Illinois" title="Shiloh, Illinois">Shiloh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Lake,_Missouri" title="Spanish Lake, Missouri">Spanish Lake CDP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swansea,_Illinois" title="Swansea, Illinois">Swansea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Town_and_Country,_Missouri" title="Town and Country, Missouri">Town and Country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troy,_Illinois" title="Troy, Illinois">Troy (Illinois)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troy,_Missouri" title="Troy, Missouri">Troy (Missouri)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union,_Missouri" title="Union, Missouri">Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington,_Missouri" title="Washington, Missouri">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waterloo,_Illinois" title="Waterloo, Illinois">Waterloo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wood_River,_Illinois" title="Wood River, Illinois">Wood River</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Missouri counties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_County,_Missouri" title="Franklin County, Missouri">Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_County,_Missouri" title="Jefferson County, Missouri">Jefferson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_County,_Missouri" title="Lincoln County, Missouri">Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Charles_County,_Missouri" title="St. Charles County, Missouri">St. Charles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Francois_County,_Missouri" title="St. Francois County, Missouri">St. Francois</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">St. Louis City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Louis_County,_Missouri" title="St. Louis County, Missouri">St. Louis County</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_County,_Missouri" title="Warren County, Missouri">Warren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_County,_Missouri" title="Washington County, Missouri">Washington</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Illinois counties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bond_County,_Illinois" title="Bond County, Illinois">Bond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calhoun_County,_Illinois" title="Calhoun County, Illinois">Calhoun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinton_County,_Illinois" title="Clinton County, Illinois">Clinton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jersey_County,_Illinois" title="Jersey County, Illinois">Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macoupin_County,_Illinois" title="Macoupin County, Illinois">Macoupin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison_County,_Illinois" title="Madison County, Illinois">Madison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monroe_County,_Illinois" title="Monroe County, Illinois">Monroe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Clair_County,_Illinois" title="St. Clair County, Illinois">St. Clair</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Subregions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Metro_East" title="Metro East">Metro East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westplex" class="mw-redirect" title="Westplex">Westplex</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Neighborhoods_of_St._Louis" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Stl_neighborhoods" title="Template:Stl neighborhoods"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Stl_neighborhoods" title="Template talk:Stl neighborhoods"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Stl_neighborhoods" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Stl neighborhoods"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Neighborhoods_of_St._Louis" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Neighborhoods_of_St._Louis" class="mw-redirect" title="Neighborhoods of St. Louis">Neighborhoods</a> of <a class="mw-selflink selflink">St. Louis</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Academy,_St._Louis" title="Academy, St. Louis">Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baden,_St._Louis" title="Baden, St. Louis">Baden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benton_Park,_St._Louis" title="Benton Park, St. Louis">Benton Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benton_Park_West,_St._Louis" title="Benton Park West, St. Louis">Benton Park West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bevo_Mill,_St._Louis" title="Bevo Mill, St. Louis">Bevo Mill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botanical_Heights,_St._Louis" title="Botanical Heights, St. Louis">Botanical Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boulevard_Heights,_St._Louis" title="Boulevard Heights, St. Louis">Boulevard Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carondelet,_St._Louis" title="Carondelet, St. Louis">Carondelet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carr_Square,_St._Louis" title="Carr Square, St. Louis">Carr Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_West_End,_St._Louis" title="Central West End, St. Louis">Central West End</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheltenham,_St._Louis" title="Cheltenham, St. Louis">Cheltenham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinatown,_St._Louis" title="Chinatown, St. Louis">Chinatown</a> (defunct since 1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clayton/Tamm,_St._Louis" class="mw-redirect" title="Clayton/Tamm, St. Louis">Clayton/Tamm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clifton_Heights,_St._Louis" title="Clifton Heights, St. Louis">Clifton Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_Hill,_St._Louis" title="College Hill, St. Louis">College Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbus_Square,_St._Louis" title="Columbus Square, St. Louis">Columbus Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compton_Heights,_St._Louis" title="Compton Heights, St. Louis">Compton Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Center_Arts_District,_St._Louis" title="Grand Center Arts District, St. Louis">Covenant Blu Grand Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DeBaliviere_Place,_St._Louis" title="DeBaliviere Place, St. Louis">DeBaliviere Place</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dogtown,_St._Louis" title="Dogtown, St. Louis">"Dogtown"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Downtown_St._Louis" title="Downtown St. Louis">Downtown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Downtown_West,_St._Louis" title="Downtown West, St. Louis">Downtown West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutchtown,_St._Louis" title="Dutchtown, St. Louis">Dutchtown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellendale,_St._Louis" title="Ellendale, St. Louis">Ellendale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairground,_St._Louis" title="Fairground, St. Louis">Fairground</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forest_Park_Southeast,_St._Louis" title="Forest Park Southeast, St. Louis">Forest Park Southeast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fountain_Park,_St._Louis" title="Fountain Park, St. Louis">Fountain Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fox_Park,_St._Louis" title="Fox Park, St. Louis">Fox Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Park,_St._Louis" title="Franz Park, St. Louis">Franz Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gate_District,_St._Louis" title="Gate District, St. Louis">Gate District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gravois_Park,_St._Louis" title="Gravois Park, St. Louis">Gravois Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Ville,_St._Louis" title="Greater Ville, St. Louis">Greater Ville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamilton_Heights,_St._Louis" title="Hamilton Heights, St. Louis">Hamilton Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Hill,_St._Louis" title="The Hill, St. Louis">The Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hi-Pointe,_St._Louis" title="Hi-Pointe, St. Louis">Hi-Pointe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holly_Hills,_St._Louis" title="Holly Hills, St. Louis">Holly Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyde_Park,_St._Louis" title="Hyde Park, St. Louis">Hyde Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JeffVanderLou,_St._Louis" title="JeffVanderLou, St. Louis">JeffVanderLou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kings_Oak,_St._Louis" title="Kings Oak, St. Louis">Kings Oak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingsway_East,_St._Louis" title="Kingsway East, St. Louis">Kingsway East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingsway_West,_St._Louis" title="Kingsway West, St. Louis">Kingsway West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosciusko,_St._Louis" title="Kosciusko, St. Louis">Kosciusko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lafayette_Square,_St._Louis" title="Lafayette Square, St. Louis">Lafayette Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LaSalle_Park" title="LaSalle Park">LaSalle Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_Place,_St._Louis" title="Lewis Place, St. Louis">Lewis Place</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lindenwood_Park,_St._Louis" title="Lindenwood Park, St. Louis">Lindenwood Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marine_Villa,_St._Louis" title="Marine Villa, St. Louis">Marine Villa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Twain,_St._Louis" title="Mark Twain, St. Louis">Mark Twain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Twain/I-70_Industrial,_St._Louis" title="Mark Twain/I-70 Industrial, St. Louis">Mark Twain/I-70 Industrial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McKinley_Heights,_St._Louis" title="McKinley Heights, St. Louis">McKinley Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midtown_St._Louis" title="Midtown St. Louis">Midtown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mill_Creek_Valley" title="Mill Creek Valley">Mill Creek Valley</a> (defunct since 1960s)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Pleasant,_St._Louis" title="Mount Pleasant, St. Louis">Mount Pleasant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Near_North_Riverfront,_St._Louis" title="Near North Riverfront, St. Louis">Near North Riverfront</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Hampton,_St._Louis" title="North Hampton, St. Louis">Northampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Point,_St._Louis" title="North Point, St. Louis">North Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Riverfront,_St._Louis" title="North Riverfront, St. Louis">North Riverfront</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O%27Fallon,_St._Louis" title="O'Fallon, St. Louis">O'Fallon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_North_St._Louis" title="Old North St. Louis">Old North St. Louis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patch,_St._Louis" title="Patch, St. Louis">Patch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peabody%E2%80%93Darst%E2%80%93Webbe,_St._Louis" title="Peabody–Darst–Webbe, St. Louis">Peabody–Darst–Webbe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penrose,_St._Louis" title="Penrose, St. Louis">Penrose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princeton_Heights,_St._Louis" title="Princeton Heights, St. Louis">Princeton Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riverview,_St._Louis" title="Riverview, St. Louis">Riverview</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaw,_St._Louis" title="Shaw, St. Louis">Shaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skinker_DeBaliviere,_St._Louis" title="Skinker DeBaliviere, St. Louis">Skinker DeBaliviere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soulard,_St._Louis" title="Soulard, St. Louis">Soulard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southampton,_St._Louis" title="Southampton, St. Louis">Southampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwest_Garden,_St._Louis" title="Southwest Garden, St. Louis">Southwest Garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Hills,_St._Louis" title="St. Louis Hills, St. Louis">St. Louis Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Place" title="St. Louis Place">St. Louis Place</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiffany,_St._Louis" title="Tiffany, St. Louis">Tiffany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tower_Grove_East,_St._Louis" title="Tower Grove East, St. Louis">Tower Grove East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tower_Grove_South,_St._Louis" title="Tower Grove South, St. Louis">Tower Grove South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vandeventer,_St._Louis" title="Vandeventer, St. Louis">Vandeventer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Ville,_St._Louis" title="The Ville, St. Louis">The Ville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visitation_Park,_St._Louis" title="Visitation Park, St. Louis">Visitation Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walnut_Park_East,_St._Louis" title="Walnut Park East, St. Louis">Walnut Park East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walnut_Park_West,_St._Louis" title="Walnut Park West, St. Louis">Walnut Park West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wells/Goodfellow,_St._Louis" title="Wells/Goodfellow, St. Louis">Wells/Goodfellow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_End,_St._Louis" title="West End, St. Louis">West End</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wydown/Skinker,_St._Louis" title="Wydown/Skinker, St. Louis">Wydown/Skinker</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="State_of_Missouri" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Missouri" title="Template:Missouri"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Missouri" title="Template talk:Missouri"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Missouri" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Missouri"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="State_of_Missouri" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">State</a> of <a href="/wiki/Missouri" title="Missouri">Missouri</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_City,_Missouri" title="Jefferson City, Missouri">Jefferson City</a></b> (capital)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Missouri" title="Outline of Missouri">Topics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Missouri-related_articles" title="Index of Missouri-related articles">Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_Missouri" title="Climate change in Missouri">Climate change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Missouri" title="Geography of Missouri">Geography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Missouri" title="Government of Missouri">Government</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_congressional_delegations_from_Missouri" title="United States congressional delegations from Missouri">Delegations</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Missouri" title="History of Missouri">History</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_battles_fought_in_Missouri" title="List of battles fought in Missouri">Battles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missouri_in_the_Civil_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Missouri in the Civil War">Civil War</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Missouri" title="List of people from Missouri">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Missouri_state_symbols" title="List of Missouri state symbols">Symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Tourist_attractions_in_Missouri" title="Category:Tourist attractions in Missouri">Tourist attractions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missouri#Transportation" title="Missouri">Transportation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Society" title="Society">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Missouri" title="Abortion in Missouri">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Missouri" class="mw-redirect" title="Culture of Missouri">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Missouri" title="Crime in Missouri">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Missouri" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics of Missouri">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Missouri" class="mw-redirect" title="Economy of Missouri">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Missouri" title="Education in Missouri">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_laws_in_Missouri" title="Gun laws in Missouri">Gun laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Missouri" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Missouri">LGBT rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_party_strength_in_Missouri" title="Political party strength in Missouri">Politics</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_the_United_States#Missouri" title="List of regions of the United States">Regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boonslick" title="Boonslick">Boonslick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missouri_Bootheel" title="Missouri Bootheel">Bootheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_State_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Four State Area">Four State Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honey_War" title="Honey War">Honey Lands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southeast_Missouri_Lead_District" title="Southeast Missouri Lead District">Lead Belt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Hills" title="Lincoln Hills">Lincoln Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Dixie_(Missouri)" title="Little Dixie (Missouri)">Little Dixie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loess_Hills" title="Loess Hills">Loess Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mid-Missouri" title="Mid-Missouri">Mid-Missouri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mississippi_embayment" title="Mississippi embayment">Mississippi Embayment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missouri_Rhineland" title="Missouri Rhineland">Missouri Rhineland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dissected_Till_Plains" title="Dissected Till Plains">Northern Plains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osage_Plains" title="Osage Plains">Osage Plains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Ozarks" class="mw-redirect" title="The Ozarks">The Ozarks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Platte_Purchase" title="Platte Purchase">Platte Purchase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pony_Express_Region" title="Pony Express Region">Pony Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Francois_Mountains" title="St. Francois Mountains">St. Francois Mountains</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_area" title="Metropolitan area">Metro areas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_metropolitan_area_(Missouri)" title="Columbia metropolitan area (Missouri)">Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_City,_Missouri_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Jefferson City, Missouri metropolitan area">Jefferson City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joplin,_Missouri_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Joplin, Missouri metropolitan area">Joplin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kansas_City_metropolitan_area" title="Kansas City metropolitan area">Kansas City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Springfield,_Missouri_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Springfield, Missouri metropolitan area">Springfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Joseph,_Missouri_metropolitan_area" title="St. Joseph, Missouri metropolitan area">St. Joseph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_St._Louis" title="Greater St. Louis">St. Louis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Missouri" title="List of cities in Missouri">Largest cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kansas_City,_Missouri" title="Kansas City, Missouri">Kansas City</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">St. Louis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Springfield,_Missouri" title="Springfield, Missouri">Springfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbia,_Missouri" title="Columbia, Missouri">Columbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independence,_Missouri" title="Independence, Missouri">Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lee%27s_Summit,_Missouri" title="Lee's Summit, Missouri">Lee's Summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O%27Fallon,_Missouri" title="O'Fallon, Missouri">O'Fallon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Charles,_Missouri" title="St. Charles, Missouri">St. Charles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Joseph,_Missouri" title="St. Joseph, Missouri">St. Joseph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Springs,_Missouri" title="Blue Springs, Missouri">Blue Springs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Peters,_Missouri" title="St. Peters, Missouri">St. Peters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joplin,_Missouri" title="Joplin, Missouri">Joplin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florissant,_Missouri" title="Florissant, Missouri">Florissant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chesterfield,_Missouri" title="Chesterfield, Missouri">Chesterfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wentzville,_Missouri" title="Wentzville, Missouri">Wentzville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_City,_Missouri" title="Jefferson City, Missouri">Jefferson City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Girardeau,_Missouri" title="Cape Girardeau, Missouri">Cape Girardeau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildwood,_Missouri" title="Wildwood, Missouri">Wildwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_City,_Missouri" title="University City, Missouri">University City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty,_Missouri" title="Liberty, Missouri">Liberty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballwin,_Missouri" title="Ballwin, Missouri">Ballwin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirkwood,_Missouri" title="Kirkwood, Missouri">Kirkwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raytown,_Missouri" title="Raytown, Missouri">Raytown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maryland_Heights,_Missouri" title="Maryland Heights, Missouri">Maryland Heights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gladstone,_Missouri" title="Gladstone, Missouri">Gladstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belton,_Missouri" title="Belton, Missouri">Belton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grandview,_Missouri" title="Grandview, Missouri">Grandview</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nixa,_Missouri" title="Nixa, Missouri">Nixa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymore,_Missouri" title="Raymore, Missouri">Raymore</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_counties_in_Missouri" title="List of counties in Missouri">Counties and <br /> independent city</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adair_County,_Missouri" title="Adair County, Missouri">Adair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_County,_Missouri" title="Andrew County, Missouri">Andrew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atchison_County,_Missouri" title="Atchison County, Missouri">Atchison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audrain_County,_Missouri" title="Audrain County, Missouri">Audrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barry_County,_Missouri" title="Barry County, Missouri">Barry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barton_County,_Missouri" title="Barton County, Missouri">Barton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bates_County,_Missouri" title="Bates County, Missouri">Bates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benton_County,_Missouri" title="Benton County, Missouri">Benton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bollinger_County,_Missouri" title="Bollinger County, Missouri">Bollinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boone_County,_Missouri" title="Boone County, Missouri">Boone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buchanan_County,_Missouri" title="Buchanan County, Missouri">Buchanan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butler_County,_Missouri" title="Butler County, Missouri">Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caldwell_County,_Missouri" title="Caldwell County, Missouri">Caldwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Callaway_County,_Missouri" title="Callaway County, Missouri">Callaway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camden_County,_Missouri" title="Camden County, Missouri">Camden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Girardeau_County,_Missouri" title="Cape Girardeau County, Missouri">Cape Girardeau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carroll_County,_Missouri" title="Carroll County, Missouri">Carroll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carter_County,_Missouri" title="Carter County, Missouri">Carter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cass_County,_Missouri" title="Cass County, Missouri">Cass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cedar_County,_Missouri" title="Cedar County, Missouri">Cedar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chariton_County,_Missouri" title="Chariton County, Missouri">Chariton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_County,_Missouri" title="Christian County, Missouri">Christian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clark_County,_Missouri" title="Clark County, Missouri">Clark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clay_County,_Missouri" title="Clay County, Missouri">Clay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinton_County,_Missouri" title="Clinton County, Missouri">Clinton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cole_County,_Missouri" title="Cole County, Missouri">Cole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooper_County,_Missouri" title="Cooper County, Missouri">Cooper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crawford_County,_Missouri" title="Crawford County, Missouri">Crawford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dade_County,_Missouri" title="Dade County, Missouri">Dade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dallas_County,_Missouri" title="Dallas County, Missouri">Dallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daviess_County,_Missouri" title="Daviess County, Missouri">Daviess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DeKalb_County,_Missouri" title="DeKalb County, Missouri">DeKalb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dent_County,_Missouri" title="Dent County, Missouri">Dent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_County,_Missouri" title="Douglas County, Missouri">Douglas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunklin_County,_Missouri" title="Dunklin County, Missouri">Dunklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_County,_Missouri" title="Franklin County, Missouri">Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gasconade_County,_Missouri" title="Gasconade County, Missouri">Gasconade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gentry_County,_Missouri" title="Gentry County, Missouri">Gentry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greene_County,_Missouri" title="Greene County, Missouri">Greene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grundy_County,_Missouri" title="Grundy County, Missouri">Grundy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrison_County,_Missouri" title="Harrison County, Missouri">Harrison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_County,_Missouri" title="Henry County, Missouri">Henry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hickory_County,_Missouri" title="Hickory County, Missouri">Hickory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holt_County,_Missouri" title="Holt County, Missouri">Holt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_County,_Missouri" title="Howard County, Missouri">Howard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howell_County,_Missouri" title="Howell County, Missouri">Howell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iron_County,_Missouri" title="Iron County, Missouri">Iron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackson_County,_Missouri" title="Jackson County, Missouri">Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jasper_County,_Missouri" title="Jasper County, Missouri">Jasper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_County,_Missouri" title="Jefferson County, Missouri">Jefferson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnson_County,_Missouri" title="Johnson County, Missouri">Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knox_County,_Missouri" title="Knox County, Missouri">Knox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laclede_County,_Missouri" title="Laclede County, Missouri">Laclede</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lafayette_County,_Missouri" title="Lafayette County, Missouri">Lafayette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_County,_Missouri" title="Lawrence County, Missouri">Lawrence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewis_County,_Missouri" title="Lewis County, Missouri">Lewis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_County,_Missouri" title="Lincoln County, Missouri">Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linn_County,_Missouri" title="Linn County, Missouri">Linn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Livingston_County,_Missouri" title="Livingston County, Missouri">Livingston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macon_County,_Missouri" title="Macon County, Missouri">Macon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madison_County,_Missouri" title="Madison County, Missouri">Madison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maries_County,_Missouri" title="Maries County, Missouri">Maries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marion_County,_Missouri" title="Marion County, Missouri">Marion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McDonald_County,_Missouri" title="McDonald County, Missouri">McDonald</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercer_County,_Missouri" title="Mercer County, Missouri">Mercer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miller_County,_Missouri" title="Miller County, Missouri">Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mississippi_County,_Missouri" title="Mississippi County, Missouri">Mississippi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moniteau_County,_Missouri" title="Moniteau County, Missouri">Moniteau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monroe_County,_Missouri" title="Monroe County, Missouri">Monroe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montgomery_County,_Missouri" title="Montgomery County, Missouri">Montgomery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morgan_County,_Missouri" title="Morgan County, Missouri">Morgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Madrid_County,_Missouri" title="New Madrid County, Missouri">New Madrid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newton_County,_Missouri" title="Newton County, Missouri">Newton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nodaway_County,_Missouri" title="Nodaway County, Missouri">Nodaway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oregon_County,_Missouri" title="Oregon County, Missouri">Oregon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osage_County,_Missouri" title="Osage County, Missouri">Osage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ozark_County,_Missouri" title="Ozark County, Missouri">Ozark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pemiscot_County,_Missouri" title="Pemiscot County, Missouri">Pemiscot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perry_County,_Missouri" title="Perry County, Missouri">Perry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pettis_County,_Missouri" title="Pettis County, Missouri">Pettis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phelps_County,_Missouri" title="Phelps County, Missouri">Phelps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pike_County,_Missouri" title="Pike County, Missouri">Pike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Platte_County,_Missouri" title="Platte County, Missouri">Platte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polk_County,_Missouri" title="Polk County, Missouri">Polk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulaski_County,_Missouri" title="Pulaski County, Missouri">Pulaski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Putnam_County,_Missouri" title="Putnam County, Missouri">Putnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralls_County,_Missouri" title="Ralls County, Missouri">Ralls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randolph_County,_Missouri" title="Randolph County, Missouri">Randolph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_County,_Missouri" title="Ray County, Missouri">Ray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reynolds_County,_Missouri" title="Reynolds County, Missouri">Reynolds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ripley_County,_Missouri" title="Ripley County, Missouri">Ripley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Charles_County,_Missouri" title="St. Charles County, Missouri">St. Charles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Clair_County,_Missouri" title="St. Clair County, Missouri">St. Clair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Francois_County,_Missouri" title="St. Francois County, Missouri">St. Francois</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">St. Louis (City)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Louis_County,_Missouri" title="St. Louis County, Missouri">St. Louis (County)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ste._Genevieve_County,_Missouri" title="Ste. Genevieve County, Missouri">Ste. Genevieve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saline_County,_Missouri" title="Saline County, Missouri">Saline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schuyler_County,_Missouri" title="Schuyler County, Missouri">Schuyler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scotland_County,_Missouri" title="Scotland County, Missouri">Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_County,_Missouri" title="Scott County, Missouri">Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shannon_County,_Missouri" title="Shannon County, Missouri">Shannon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shelby_County,_Missouri" title="Shelby County, Missouri">Shelby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stoddard_County,_Missouri" title="Stoddard County, Missouri">Stoddard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_County,_Missouri" title="Stone County, Missouri">Stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sullivan_County,_Missouri" title="Sullivan County, Missouri">Sullivan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taney_County,_Missouri" title="Taney County, Missouri">Taney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_County,_Missouri" title="Texas County, Missouri">Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vernon_County,_Missouri" title="Vernon County, Missouri">Vernon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warren_County,_Missouri" title="Warren County, Missouri">Warren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_County,_Missouri" title="Washington County, Missouri">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wayne_County,_Missouri" title="Wayne County, Missouri">Wayne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Webster_County,_Missouri" title="Webster County, Missouri">Webster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worth_County,_Missouri" title="Worth County, Missouri">Worth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wright_County,_Missouri" title="Wright County, Missouri">Wright</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_Missouri.svg/32px-Flag_of_Missouri.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_Missouri.svg/48px-Flag_of_Missouri.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Flag_of_Missouri.svg/64px-Flag_of_Missouri.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Missouri" title="Portal:Missouri">Missouri portal</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Missouri_cities_and_mayors_of_100,000_population&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template:Missouri cities and mayors of 100,000 population (page does not exist)">Template:Missouri cities and mayors of 100,000 population</a> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Summer_Olympic_Games_host_cities" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Olympic_Summer_Games_Host_Cities" title="Template:Olympic Summer Games Host Cities"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Olympic_Summer_Games_Host_Cities" title="Template talk:Olympic Summer Games Host Cities"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Olympic_Summer_Games_Host_Cities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Olympic Summer Games Host Cities"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Summer_Olympic_Games_host_cities" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Summer_Olympic_Games" title="Summer Olympic Games">Summer Olympic Games</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Olympic_Games_host_cities" title="List of Olympic Games host cities">host cities</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd plainlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;text-align:left;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 14em;"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/1896_Summer_Olympics" title="1896 Summer Olympics">1896</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece"><img alt="Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Flag_of_Greece_%281822-1978%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece_%281822-1978%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Flag_of_Greece_%281822-1978%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece_%281822-1978%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Flag_of_Greece_%281822-1978%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece_%281822-1978%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1900_Summer_Olympics" title="1900 Summer Olympics">1900</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1904_Summer_Olympics" title="1904 Summer Olympics">1904</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281896%E2%80%931908%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281896%E2%80%931908%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281896%E2%80%931908%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281896%E2%80%931908%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281896%E2%80%931908%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281896%E2%80%931908%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">St. Louis</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1908_Summer_Olympics" title="1908 Summer Olympics">1908</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1912_Summer_Olympics" title="1912 Summer Olympics">1912</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden"><img alt="Sweden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Stockholm" title="Stockholm">Stockholm</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1916_Summer_Olympics" title="1916 Summer Olympics">1916</a>:</b> <i>None</i><sup>[c1]</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1920_Summer_Olympics" title="1920 Summer Olympics">1920</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium"><img alt="Belgium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Antwerp" title="Antwerp">Antwerp</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1924_Summer_Olympics" title="1924 Summer Olympics">1924</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> Paris</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1928_Summer_Olympics" title="1928 Summer Olympics">1928</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands"><img alt="Netherlands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam">Amsterdam</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1932_Summer_Olympics" title="1932 Summer Olympics">1932</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281912-1959%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles" title="Los Angeles">Los Angeles</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1936_Summer_Olympics" title="1936 Summer Olympics">1936</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1940_Summer_Olympics" title="1940 Summer Olympics">1940</a>:</b> <i>None</i><sup>[c2]</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1944_Summer_Olympics" title="1944 Summer Olympics">1944</a>:</b> <i>None</i><sup>[c2]</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1948_Summer_Olympics" title="1948 Summer Olympics">1948</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> London</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1952_Summer_Olympics" title="1952 Summer Olympics">1952</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland"><img alt="Finland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Helsinki" title="Helsinki">Helsinki</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1956_Summer_Olympics" title="1956 Summer Olympics">1956</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia"><img alt="Australia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Melbourne" title="Melbourne">Melbourne</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1960_Summer_Olympics" title="1960 Summer Olympics">1960</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1964_Summer_Olympics" title="1964 Summer Olympics">1964</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan"><img alt="Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg/22px-Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg/33px-Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg/43px-Flag_of_Japan_%281870%E2%80%931999%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1968_Summer_Olympics" title="1968 Summer Olympics">1968</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico"><img alt="Mexico" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Mexico_City" title="Mexico City">Mexico City</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1972_Summer_Olympics" title="1972 Summer Olympics">1972</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/West_Germany" title="West Germany"><img alt="West Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Munich" title="Munich">Munich</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1976_Summer_Olympics" title="1976 Summer Olympics">1976</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada"><img alt="Canada" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Montreal" title="Montreal">Montreal</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1980_Summer_Olympics" title="1980 Summer Olympics">1980</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union"><img alt="Soviet Union" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1984_Summer_Olympics" title="1984 Summer Olympics">1984</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> Los Angeles</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1988_Summer_Olympics" title="1988 Summer Olympics">1988</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea"><img alt="South Korea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_South_Korea_%281984%E2%80%931997%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea_%281984%E2%80%931997%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_South_Korea_%281984%E2%80%931997%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Korea_%281984%E2%80%931997%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_South_Korea_%281984%E2%80%931997%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Korea_%281984%E2%80%931997%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Seoul" title="Seoul">Seoul</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1992_Summer_Olympics" title="1992 Summer Olympics">1992</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain"><img alt="Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Barcelona" title="Barcelona">Barcelona</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/1996_Summer_Olympics" title="1996 Summer Olympics">1996</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Atlanta" title="Atlanta">Atlanta</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2000_Summer_Olympics" title="2000 Summer Olympics">2000</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia"><img alt="Australia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Sydney" title="Sydney">Sydney</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2004_Summer_Olympics" title="2004 Summer Olympics">2004</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece"><img alt="Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> Athens</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2008_Summer_Olympics" title="2008 Summer Olympics">2008</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/China" title="China"><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2012_Summer_Olympics" title="2012 Summer Olympics">2012</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> London</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2016_Summer_Olympics" title="2016 Summer Olympics">2016</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil"><img alt="Brazil" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/22px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/33px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/43px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Rio_de_Janeiro" title="Rio de Janeiro">Rio de Janeiro</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2020_Summer_Olympics" title="2020 Summer Olympics">2020</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan"><img alt="Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> Tokyo<sup>[c3]</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/2024_Summer_Olympics" title="2024 Summer Olympics">2024</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> Paris</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/2028_Summer_Olympics" title="2028 Summer Olympics">2028</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> Los Angeles</i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/2032_Summer_Olympics" title="2032 Summer Olympics">2032</a>:</b> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia"><img alt="Australia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Brisbane" title="Brisbane">Brisbane</a></i></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><sup>[c1]</sup> Cancelled due to <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>; <sup>[c2]</sup> Cancelled due to <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>; <sup>[c3]</sup> Postponed to 2021 due to the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><br /><span class="error mw-ext-cite-error" lang="en" dir="ltr">Cite error: There are <code><ref group=lower-alpha></code> tags or 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