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Available in 28 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-28" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">28 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%A9_%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B6%D8%A9" title="شاشة عريضة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="شاشة عريضة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pantalla_ampla" title="Pantalla ampla – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Pantalla ampla" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breitbildformat" title="Breitbildformat – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Breitbildformat" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pantalla_ancha" title="Pantalla ancha – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Pantalla ancha" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lar%C4%9Da_ekrano" title="Larĝa ekrano – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Larĝa ekrano" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD%D9%87_%D8%B9%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B6" title="صفحه عریض – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="صفحه عریض" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Format_%C3%A9cran_large" title="Format écran large – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Format écran large" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cineama_leathansc%C3%A1ile%C3%A1in" title="Cineama leathanscáileáin – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Cineama leathanscáileáin" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%99%80%EC%9D%B4%EB%93%9C%EC%8A%A4%ED%81%AC%EB%A6%B0" title="와이드스크린 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="와이드스크린" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Layar_lebar" title="Layar lebar – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Layar lebar" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Widescreen" title="Widescreen – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Widescreen" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D2%A3_%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8B_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE" title="Кең экранды кино – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Кең экранды кино" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D2%A3_%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%83%D1%83_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BE" title="Кең экрандуу кино – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Кең экрандуу кино" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quadrum_latum" title="Quadrum latum – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Quadrum latum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skrin_lebar" title="Skrin lebar – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Skrin lebar" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breedbeeld_(televisie)" title="Breedbeeld (televisie) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Breedbeeld (televisie)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Widescreen" title="Widescreen – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Widescreen" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bredformat" title="Bredformat – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Bredformat" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breiformat" title="Breiformat – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Breiformat" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obraz_panoramiczny" title="Obraz panoramiczny – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Obraz panoramiczny" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecr%C3%A3_panor%C3%A2mico" title="Ecrã panorâmico – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ecrã panorâmico" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecran_lat" title="Ecran lat – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ecran lat" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%8D%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%84" title="Широкоэкранный кинематограф – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Широкоэкранный кинематограф" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Widescreen" title="Widescreen – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Widescreen" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vidfilm" title="Vidfilm – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Vidfilm" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%88" title="அகலத்திரை – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அகலத்திரை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geni%C5%9F_ekran" title="Geniş ekran – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Geniş ekran" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" 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<div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Aspect ratio of a displayed image</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 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.ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Widescreen" title="Special:EditPage/Widescreen">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Widescreen%22">"Widescreen"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Widescreen%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Widescreen%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Widescreen%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Widescreen%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Widescreen%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2008</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Formatos_de_panatallas.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Formatos_de_panatallas.PNG/170px-Formatos_de_panatallas.PNG" decoding="async" width="170" height="249" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Formatos_de_panatallas.PNG/255px-Formatos_de_panatallas.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Formatos_de_panatallas.PNG/340px-Formatos_de_panatallas.PNG 2x" data-file-width="566" data-file-height="829" /></a><figcaption>Classic television aspect ratio 4:3, and two wider ratios</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Widescreen</b> images are displayed within a set of <a href="/wiki/Aspect_ratio_(image)" title="Aspect ratio (image)">aspect ratios</a> (relationship of image width to height) used in film, television and computer screens. In film, a widescreen film is any film image with a width-to-height aspect ratio greater than 4:3 (1.33:1). </p><p>For TV, the original screen ratio for broadcasts was in <a href="/wiki/4:3" class="mw-redirect" title="4:3">4:3</a> (1.33:1). Largely between the 1990s and early 2000s, at varying paces in different countries, <a href="/wiki/16:9" class="mw-redirect" title="16:9">16:9</a> (e.g. 1920×1080p 60p) widescreen displays came into increasingly common use by <a href="/wiki/High-definition_video" title="High-definition video">high definitions</a>. </p><p>With computer displays, aspect ratios other than 4:3 (e.g. 1920×1440) are also referred to as "widescreen". Widescreen computer displays were previously made in a 16:10 aspect ratio (e.g. 1920×1200), but nowadays they are 16:9 (e.g. 1920×1080, 2560×1440, 3840×2160). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Film">Film</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Widescreen&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Film"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="History">History</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Widescreen&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Widescreen was first used for <i><a href="/wiki/The_Corbett-Fitzsimmons_Fight" class="mw-redirect" title="The Corbett-Fitzsimmons Fight">The Corbett-Fitzsimmons Fight</a></i> (1897). This was not only the longest film that had been released to date at 100 minutes, but also the first widescreen film being shot on 63 mm Eastman stock with five perforations per frame. </p><p>Widescreen was first widely used in the late 1920s in some <a href="/wiki/Short_film" title="Short film">short films</a> and <a href="/wiki/Newsreel" title="Newsreel">newsreels</a>, and feature films, notably <a href="/wiki/Abel_Gance" title="Abel Gance">Abel Gance</a>'s film <i><a href="/wiki/Napol%C3%A9on_(1927_film)" title="Napoléon (1927 film)">Napoleon</a></i> (1927) with a final widescreen sequence in what Gance called <a href="/wiki/Polyvision" title="Polyvision">Polyvision</a>. <a href="/wiki/Claude_Autant-Lara" title="Claude Autant-Lara">Claude Autant-Lara</a> released a film <i>Pour construire un feu</i> (<i>To Build a Fire</i>, 1928) in the early <a href="/wiki/Henri_Chr%C3%A9tien" title="Henri Chrétien">Henri Chrétien</a> widescreen process, later adapted by <a href="/wiki/Twentieth_Century-Fox" class="mw-redirect" title="Twentieth Century-Fox">Twentieth Century-Fox</a> for <a href="/wiki/CinemaScope" title="CinemaScope">CinemaScope</a> in 1952. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Conrad_Luperti,_J._Marvin_Spoor,_and_William_S._Adams_with_their_camera.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Conrad_Luperti%2C_J._Marvin_Spoor%2C_and_William_S._Adams_with_their_camera.jpg/220px-Conrad_Luperti%2C_J._Marvin_Spoor%2C_and_William_S._Adams_with_their_camera.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Conrad_Luperti%2C_J._Marvin_Spoor%2C_and_William_S._Adams_with_their_camera.jpg/330px-Conrad_Luperti%2C_J._Marvin_Spoor%2C_and_William_S._Adams_with_their_camera.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Conrad_Luperti%2C_J._Marvin_Spoor%2C_and_William_S._Adams_with_their_camera.jpg/440px-Conrad_Luperti%2C_J._Marvin_Spoor%2C_and_William_S._Adams_with_their_camera.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2434" data-file-height="1832" /></a><figcaption>Conrad Luperti, J. Marvin Spoor, and <a href="/wiki/William_S._Adams" title="William S. Adams">William S. Adams</a> with the Natural Vision camera</figcaption></figure> <p>The experimental Natural Vision widescreen process developed by <a href="/wiki/George_K._Spoor" class="mw-redirect" title="George K. Spoor">George K. Spoor</a> and P. John Berggren used 63.5 mm film and had a 2:1 <a href="/wiki/Aspect_ratio_(image)" title="Aspect ratio (image)">aspect ratio</a>. In 1926, a Natural Vision film of <a href="/wiki/Niagara_Falls" title="Niagara Falls">Niagara Falls</a> was released.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1927, the Natural Vision process was used in the production of <i><a href="/wiki/The_American_(1927_film)" title="The American (1927 film)">The American</a></i> <abbr title="also known as">a.k.a.</abbr> <i>The Flag Maker</i>. It was directed by <a href="/wiki/J._Stuart_Blackton" title="J. Stuart Blackton">J. Stuart Blackton</a> and starred <a href="/wiki/Bessie_Love" title="Bessie Love">Bessie Love</a> and <a href="/wiki/Charles_Ray_(actor)" title="Charles Ray (actor)">Charles Ray</a>, but was never released theatrically. </p><p>On May 26, 1929, <a href="/wiki/Fox_Film_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Fox Film Corporation">Fox Film Corporation</a> released <i>Fox Grandeur News</i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Fox_Movietone_Follies_of_1929" title="Fox Movietone Follies of 1929">Fox Movietone Follies of 1929</a></i> in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a> in the <a href="/wiki/70_mm_Grandeur_film" title="70 mm Grandeur film">Fox Grandeur</a> process. Other films shot in widescreen were the <a href="/wiki/Musical_film" title="Musical film">musical</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Happy_Days_(1929_film)" title="Happy Days (1929 film)">Happy Days</a></i> (1929) which premiered at the <a href="/wiki/Roxy_Theatre_(New_York_City)" title="Roxy Theatre (New York City)">Roxy Theater</a>, New York City, on February 13, 1930, starring <a href="/wiki/Janet_Gaynor" title="Janet Gaynor">Janet Gaynor</a> and <a href="/wiki/Charles_Farrell" title="Charles Farrell">Charles Farrell</a> and a 12-year-old <a href="/wiki/Betty_Grable" title="Betty Grable">Betty Grable</a> as a chorus girl; <i><a href="/wiki/Song_o%27_My_Heart" title="Song o' My Heart">Song o' My Heart</a></i>, a musical feature starring Irish tenor <a href="/wiki/John_McCormack_(tenor)" title="John McCormack (tenor)">John McCormack</a> and directed by <a href="/wiki/Frank_Borzage" title="Frank Borzage">Frank Borzage</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Seventh_Heaven_(1927_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Seventh Heaven (1927 film)">Seventh Heaven</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/A_Farewell_to_Arms_(1932_film)" title="A Farewell to Arms (1932 film)">A Farewell to Arms</a></i>), which was shipped from the labs on March 17, 1930, but never released and may no longer survive, according to film historian <a href="/wiki/Miles_Kreuger" title="Miles Kreuger">Miles Kreuger</a> (the 35 mm version, however, debuted in New York on March 11, 1930); and the <a href="/wiki/Western_(genre)" title="Western (genre)">western</a> <i><a href="/wiki/The_Big_Trail" title="The Big Trail">The Big Trail</a></i> (1930) starring <a href="/wiki/John_Wayne" title="John Wayne">John Wayne</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tyrone_Power,_Sr." class="mw-redirect" title="Tyrone Power, Sr.">Tyrone Power, Sr.</a> which premiered at <a href="/wiki/Grauman%27s_Chinese_Theatre" title="Grauman's Chinese Theatre">Grauman's Chinese Theatre</a> in <a href="/wiki/Hollywood,_Los_Angeles" title="Hollywood, Los Angeles">Hollywood</a> on October 2, 1930,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> all of which were also made in the <a href="/wiki/70_mm" class="mw-redirect" title="70 mm">70 mm</a> Fox Grandeur process. </p><p><a href="/wiki/RKO_Radio_Pictures" class="mw-redirect" title="RKO Radio Pictures">RKO Radio Pictures</a> released <i><a href="/wiki/Danger_Lights" title="Danger Lights">Danger Lights</a></i> with <a href="/wiki/Jean_Arthur" title="Jean Arthur">Jean Arthur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Louis_Wolheim" title="Louis Wolheim">Louis Wolheim</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Robert_Armstrong_(actor)" title="Robert Armstrong (actor)">Robert Armstrong</a> on August 21, 1930 in a 65 mm widescreen process known as NaturalVision, invented by film pioneer <a href="/wiki/George_K._Spoor" class="mw-redirect" title="George K. Spoor">George K. Spoor</a>. On November 13, 1930, <a href="/wiki/United_Artists" title="United Artists">United Artists</a> released <i><a href="/wiki/The_Bat_Whispers" title="The Bat Whispers">The Bat Whispers</a></i> directed by <a href="/wiki/Roland_West" title="Roland West">Roland West</a> in a 70 mm widescreen process known as Magnafilm. <a href="/wiki/Warner_Brothers" class="mw-redirect" title="Warner Brothers">Warner Brothers</a> released <i><a href="/wiki/Song_of_the_Flame_(film)" title="Song of the Flame (film)">Song of the Flame</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Kismet_(1930_film)" title="Kismet (1930 film)">Kismet</a></i> (both 1930) in a widescreen process they called <a href="/wiki/Vitascope" title="Vitascope">Vitascope</a>. </p><p>In 1930, after experimenting with the system called Fantom Screen for <i><a href="/wiki/The_Trail_of_%2798" title="The Trail of '98">The Trail of '98</a></i> (1928), <a href="/wiki/Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer" title="Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer">MGM</a> came out with a system called Realife. MGM filmed <i><a href="/wiki/The_Great_Meadow" title="The Great Meadow">The Great Meadow</a></i> (1930) in Realife. However, it is unclear whether it was released in that widescreen process due to declining interest of the movie-going public. </p><p>By 1932, the <a href="/wiki/Great_Depression" title="Great Depression">Great Depression</a> had forced studios to cut back on needless expense and it was not until 1953 that wider aspect ratios were again used in an attempt to stop the fall in attendance due, partially, to the emergence of television in the U.S. However, a few producers and directors, among them <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Hitchcock" title="Alfred Hitchcock">Alfred Hitchcock</a>, were reluctant to use the <a href="/wiki/Anamorphic" class="mw-redirect" title="Anamorphic">anamorphic</a> widescreen size featured in such formats as <a href="/wiki/Cinemascope" class="mw-redirect" title="Cinemascope">Cinemascope</a>. Hitchcock used <a href="/wiki/VistaVision" title="VistaVision">VistaVision</a>, a non-anamorphic widescreen process developed by <a href="/wiki/Paramount_Pictures" title="Paramount Pictures">Paramount Pictures</a> and <a href="/wiki/Technicolor" title="Technicolor">Technicolor</a> which could be adjusted to present various flat aspect ratios.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Types">Types</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Widescreen&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Types"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i><b>Masked</b></i> (or <i><b>flat</b></i>) widescreen was introduced in April 1953. The negative is shot exposing the Academy ratio using spherical lenses, but the top and bottom of the picture are hidden or masked off by a metal aperture plate, cut to specifications of the theater's screen, in the <a href="/wiki/Projector" title="Projector">projector</a>. Alternatively, a hard matte in the printing or shooting stages may be used to mask off those areas while filming for composition purposes, but an aperture plate is still used to block off the appropriate areas in the theater. A detriment is that the film grain size is thus increased because only part of the image is being expanded to full height. Films are designed to be shown in cinemas in masked widescreen format but the full unmasked frame is sometimes used for television, known as an <a href="/wiki/Open_matte" title="Open matte">open matte</a>. In such an instance, a photographer will compose for widescreen, but "protect" the full image from things such as microphones and other filming equipment. Standardized "flat wide screen" ratios are 1.66:1, 1.75:1, 1.85:1, and 2:1. The 1.85:1 aspect ratio has become the predominant aspect ratio for the format. </p><p><b>35 mm anamorphic</b> – This type of widescreen is used for <a href="/wiki/CinemaScope" title="CinemaScope">CinemaScope</a>, <a href="/wiki/Panavision" title="Panavision">Panavision</a>, and several other equivalent processes. The film is essentially shot "squeezed", so that the actors appear vertically elongated on the actual film. A special lens inside the projector unsqueezes the image so that it will appear normal. Films shot in CinemaScope or Panavision are usually projected at a <a href="/wiki/2.39:1" class="mw-redirect" title="2.39:1">2.39:1</a> aspect ratio, though the historical aspect ratio can be 2.66:1 (original separate magnetic sound aspect ratio), 2.55:1 (original four-track magnetic sound aspect ratio) or 2.35:1 (original mono optical sound aspect ratio, and much later "stereo variable-area" aspect ratio, also called Dolby Stereo). The negative is usually 2.66:1 or, in rare cases, 2.55:1 or 2.35:1. The sole purpose of the change to 2.39:1 and, later, to 2.40:1, was to better hide so-called "negative assembly" splices (splices employed in the composited camera negative. This was not a production change, rather it was a recommended projection change.) </p><p>A Chilean film, <i><a href="/wiki/Post_Mortem_(2010_film)" title="Post Mortem (2010 film)">Post Mortem</a></i>, used anamorphic lenses with <a href="/wiki/16_mm_film" title="16 mm film">16 mm film</a>, to be projected at an ultra-widescreen 2.66:1 for a unique look.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag needs further explanation. (September 2019)">further explanation needed</span></a></i>]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Lucca-interview_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lucca-interview-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>Super gauges</b> – The full negative frame, including the area traditionally reserved for the sound track, is filmed using "full" aperture, which was standard for silent, but also common for most anamorphic negatives. The print is then shrunk and/or cropped in order to fit it back onto release prints, which include a sound track. The aspect ratio for <a href="/wiki/Super_35" title="Super 35">Super 35</a>, for example, can be set to virtually any projection standard. </p><p><b>Large gauge</b> – A <a href="/wiki/70_mm_film" title="70 mm film">70 mm film</a> frame is not only twice as wide as a standard frame but also has greater height (five perfs versus four perfs). Shooting and projecting a film in 70 mm therefore gives more than four times the image area of non-anamorphic <a href="/wiki/35_mm_movie_film" title="35 mm movie film">35 mm film</a> providing a major improvement in image quality. Few major dramatic narrative films have been filmed entirely on this format since the 1970s; the three most recent are <a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Branagh" title="Kenneth Branagh">Kenneth Branagh</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Hamlet_(1996_film)" title="Hamlet (1996 film)">Hamlet</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Thomas_Anderson" title="Paul Thomas Anderson">Paul Thomas Anderson</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/The_Master_(2012_film)" title="The Master (2012 film)">The Master</a></i> and <a href="/wiki/Quentin_Tarantino" title="Quentin Tarantino">Quentin Tarantino</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/The_Hateful_Eight" title="The Hateful Eight">The Hateful Eight</a></i>. For many years, large budget pictures shot anamorphically used reserve stocks of 70 mm film for SFX shots involving CGI or blue-screen compositing as the anamorphic format creates problems with said effects. It has also been used to sometimes strike 70 mm blow-up prints for "roadshow" tours in select cities from the 35 mm camera negative in order to capitalize on the extra sound channels provided. The introduction of digital sound systems and diminishing number of installed 70 mm projectors has made a 70 mm release largely obsolete. However, blowups from 35 mm formats to <a href="/wiki/IMAX" title="IMAX">IMAX</a> have been used for a limited number of blockbuster films. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Paramount_Pictures" title="Paramount Pictures">Paramount's</a> <a href="/wiki/VistaVision" title="VistaVision">VistaVision</a> was a larger gauge precursor to 70 mm film. Introduced in 1954, it ran standard 35 mm film through the camera horizontally to achieve a widescreen effect using greater negative area, in order to create a finer-grained four-perforation 35 mm prints in an era where standard monopack stock could not produce finer results. Negative frames were eight perforations wide. Eight-perf photography is sometimes used for shooting special effects in order to produce a finer-grained matte that can be used in optical printing without image degradation, and is notable for its use in <a href="/wiki/Lucasfilm" title="Lucasfilm">Lucasfilm</a>'s original three <i><a href="/wiki/Star_Wars" title="Star Wars">Star Wars</a></i> films, among others. Another similar system with horizontal orientation was MGM's <i>Arnoldscope</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>Multiple lens camera/multiple projectors</b> – The <a href="/wiki/Cinerama" title="Cinerama">Cinerama</a> system originally involved shooting with three lens camera, and projecting the three resulting films on a curved screen with three synchronized projectors, resulting in an ultrawide aspect ratio of 2.89. Later Cinerama movies were shot in 70 mm anamorphic (see below), and the resultant widescreen image was divided into three by <a href="/wiki/Optical_printer" title="Optical printer">optical printers</a> to produce the final threefold prints. </p><p>The technical drawbacks of Cinerama are discussed in <a href="/wiki/Cinerama" title="Cinerama">its own article</a>. Only two narrative feature films, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Wonderful_World_of_the_Brothers_Grimm" title="The Wonderful World of the Brothers Grimm">The Wonderful World of the Brothers Grimm</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/How_the_West_Was_Won_(film)" title="How the West Was Won (film)">How the West Was Won</a></i>, were filmed in three-camera Cinerama, and several sequences from the latter were actually filmed in <a href="/wiki/Panavision" title="Panavision">Ultra-Panavision</a>. With the exception of a few films created sporadically for use in specialty Cinerama theaters, the format is effectively obsolete. </p><p>A non-Cinerama, three-projector process was pioneered for the final reel of <a href="/wiki/Abel_Gance" title="Abel Gance">Abel Gance</a>'s epic film <i><a href="/wiki/Napol%C3%A9on_(1927_film)" title="Napoléon (1927 film)">Napoléon</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/1927_in_film" title="1927 in film">1927</a>) The process, called <a href="/wiki/Polyvision" title="Polyvision">Polyvision</a> by Gance, consisted of three 1.33 images side by side, so that the total aspect ratio of the image is 4:1. The technical difficulties in mounting a full screening of the film, however, make most theaters unwilling or unable to show it in this format. </p><p>Between 1956 and 1957, the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviets</a> developed <a href="/wiki/Kinopanorama" title="Kinopanorama">Kinopanorama</a>, which is identical in most respects to the original three-camera Cinerama. </p><p><b>Anamorphic 70 mm</b> – 70 mm with anamorphic lenses, popularly known as "<a href="/wiki/Ultra_Panavision_70" title="Ultra Panavision 70">Ultra Panavision</a>" or "<a href="/wiki/Ultra_Panavision_70" title="Ultra Panavision 70">MGM Camera 65</a>", creates an even wider high-quality picture. This camera process was used for the remake of <i><a href="/wiki/Ben_Hur_(1959_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ben Hur (1959 film)">Ben-Hur</a></i> (1959), resulting in an aspect ratio of 2.76:1, one of the widest projected images ever used for a feature film. The 70 mm anamorphic format was not commonly used, due to the very high production costs, although it was favored for epic films such as <i>Ben-Hur</i> in order to capture wide panoramic landscapes and high-budget scenes with thousands of extras and enormous sets. This system is obsolete. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Television">Television</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Widescreen&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Television"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The original screen ratio for TV broadcasts was 4:3 (1.33:1). This was the same aspect ratio as most cinema screens and films at the time TV was first sold commercially. 1930s and 1940s films in 4:3, such as <i><a href="/wiki/Gone_with_the_Wind_(film)" title="Gone with the Wind (film)">Gone with the Wind</a></i>, have always been displayed on television in 4:3, filling the entire frame. </p><p>When preparing a film that was originally intended to be displayed in widescreen for TV broadcast the material was often edited with the sides truncated, using techniques such as center cut or <a href="/wiki/Pan_and_scan" title="Pan and scan">pan and scan</a>. Sometimes, in the case of Super 35, the full film negative was shown unmasked on TV (that is, with the <a href="/wiki/Matte_(filmmaking)#Mattes_and_widescreen_filming" title="Matte (filmmaking)">hard matte</a> removed). However, this causes the 4:3 image not to be what the director intended the audience to see, and sometimes boom mics, edited out of the shot when the picture is matted, can be visible. Current TVs feature a 16:9 aspect ratio, allowing them to display a 16:9 picture without <a href="/wiki/Letterboxing_(filming)" title="Letterboxing (filming)">letterboxing</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sony_KV-W2812S.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Sony_KV-W2812S.jpg/220px-Sony_KV-W2812S.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Sony_KV-W2812S.jpg/330px-Sony_KV-W2812S.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Sony_KV-W2812S.jpg/440px-Sony_KV-W2812S.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4160" data-file-height="3120" /></a><figcaption>An early (1994) Sony Widescreen Television</figcaption></figure> <p>Japan saw its first commercially available widescreen TV models in 1992<sup id="cite_ref-nyt-japan_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt-japan-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and TV networks began broadcasting in <a href="/wiki/EDTV" class="mw-redirect" title="EDTV">EDTV</a> widescreen in 1995, starting with <a href="/wiki/Nippon_TV" class="mw-redirect" title="Nippon TV">NTV</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first widescreen TV sold in the United States was the Thomson Consumer Electronics RCA CinemaScreen, released in 1993.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Europe, the <a href="/wiki/PAL" title="PAL">PAL</a> and the French <a href="/wiki/SECAM" title="SECAM">SECAM</a> <a href="/wiki/Standard_Definition" class="mw-redirect" title="Standard Definition">Standard Definition</a> systems employed higher resolutions than the US <a href="/wiki/NTSC" title="NTSC">NTSC</a> Standard Definition system, which meant the quality issues of letterboxed or matted movies on TV were not as severe.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is also an extension to PAL, called <a href="/wiki/PALplus" title="PALplus">PALplus</a>, which allows specially equipped receivers to display a PAL picture as true 16:9 with a full 576 lines of vertical resolution, provided that the station employs the same system. Standard PAL receivers will receive such a broadcast as a 16:9 image letterboxed to 4:3, with a small amount of color noise in the black bars; this "noise" is actually the additional lines which are hidden inside the color signal. <a href="/wiki/Clear-Vision" title="Clear-Vision">Clear-Vision</a> supports an equivalent widescreen system for NTSC analogue broadcasting. </p><p>Despite the existence of PALplus and support for widescreen in the <a href="/wiki/Digital_Video_Broadcasting" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital Video Broadcasting">DVB</a>-based digital satellite, terrestrial and cable broadcasts in use across Europe, only <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Nordic_countries" title="Nordic countries">Nordic countries</a> and the <a href="/wiki/UK" class="mw-redirect" title="UK">UK</a> have adopted widescreen on a large scale, with over half of all widescreen channels available by satellite in Europe targeting those areas. The UK, in particular, began moving to widescreen with the advent of <a href="/wiki/Digital_terrestrial_television" title="Digital terrestrial television">digital terrestrial television</a> in the late 1990s, and commercials were required to be delivered to broadcasters in widescreen as of 1 July 2000, on their widescreen "<a href="/wiki/C-Day" title="C-Day">C-Day</a>". </p><p>Widescreen televisions are typically used in conjunction with <a href="/wiki/Digital_data" title="Digital data">Digital</a>, <a href="/wiki/High-definition_television" title="High-definition television">High-Definition Television</a> (HDTV) receivers, or Standard-Definition (SD) <a href="/wiki/DVD" title="DVD">DVD</a> players and other digital television sources. Digital material is provided to widescreen TVs either in high-definition format, which is natively 16:9 (1.78:1), or as an <a href="/wiki/Anamorphic_widescreen" title="Anamorphic widescreen">anamorphically-compressed</a> standard-definition picture. Typically, devices decoding Digital Standard-Definition pictures can be programmed to provide anamorphic widescreen formatting, for 16:9 sets, and formatting for 4:3 sets. Pan-and-scan mode can be used on 4:3 if the producers of the material have included the necessary panning data; if this data is absent, letterboxing or centre cut-out is used. </p><p><a href="/wiki/HD_DVD" title="HD DVD">HD DVD</a> and <a href="/wiki/Blu-ray" title="Blu-ray">Blu-ray</a> players were introduced in 2006. <a href="/wiki/Toshiba" title="Toshiba">Toshiba</a> ceased production of <a href="/wiki/HD_DVD" title="HD DVD">HD DVD</a> players in early 2008. Consumer camcorders are also available in the HD-video format at fairly low prices. These developments will result in more options for viewing widescreen images on television monitors. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Widescreen&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Active_Format_Description" title="Active Format Description">Active Format Description</a> (AFD)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anamorphic_widescreen" title="Anamorphic widescreen">Anamorphic widescreen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aspect_ratio_(image)" title="Aspect ratio (image)">Aspect ratio (image)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C-Day" title="C-Day">C-Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cine_160" title="Cine 160">Cine 160</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Full-frame_digital_SLR" class="mw-redirect" title="Full-frame digital SLR">Full frame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IMAX" title="IMAX">IMAX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Letterboxing_(filming)" title="Letterboxing (filming)">Letterboxing (filming)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_common_resolutions" class="mw-redirect" title="List of common resolutions">List of common resolutions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_film_formats" class="mw-redirect" title="List of film formats">List of film formats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motion_picture_terminology" class="mw-redirect" title="Motion picture terminology">Motion picture terminology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_matte" title="Open matte">Open matte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan_and_scan" title="Pan and scan">Pan and scan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultrawide_formats" title="Ultrawide formats">Ultrawide formats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_widescreen" class="mw-redirect" title="Virtual widescreen">Virtual widescreen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Widescreen_display_modes" title="Widescreen display modes">Widescreen display modes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Widescreen_signaling" title="Widescreen signaling">Widescreen signaling</a> (WSS)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Widescreen&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.silentera.com/PSFL/data/N/NiagaraFalls1926.html">"<i>Niagara Falls</i> (1926)"</a>. <i>SilentEra</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=SilentEra&rft.atitle=Niagara+Falls+%281926%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.silentera.com%2FPSFL%2Fdata%2FN%2FNiagaraFalls1926.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWidescreen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>The American Film Institute Catalog Feature Films: 1911–20</i>. The American Film Institute. 1971.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+American+Film+Institute+Catalog+Feature+Films%3A+1911%E2%80%9320&rft.pub=The+American+Film+Institute&rft.date=1971&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWidescreen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFColes2001" class="citation magazine cs1">Coles, David (March 2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.in70mm.com/newsletter/2001/64/grandeur/index.htm">"Magnified Grandeur"</a>. <i>The 70 mm Newsletter</i>. No. 63. Australia: ..in70mm<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 27,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+70+mm+Newsletter&rft.atitle=Magnified+Grandeur&rft.issue=63&rft.date=2001-03&rft.aulast=Coles&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.in70mm.com%2Fnewsletter%2F2001%2F64%2Fgrandeur%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWidescreen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0053125/"><i>North by Northwest</i> (1959)</a> at <a href="/wiki/IMDb_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="IMDb (identifier)">IMDb</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarlow2013" class="citation web cs1">Marlow, Jonathan (February 15, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161129082900/https://www.fandor.com/keyframe/the-art-of-filmmaking-pablo-larrain">"The Art of Filmmaking: Pablo Larrain"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Fandor" title="Fandor">Fandor</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fandor.com/keyframe/the-art-of-filmmaking-pablo-larrain">the original</a> on November 29, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 28,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Fandor&rft.atitle=The+Art+of+Filmmaking%3A+Pablo+Larrain&rft.date=2013-02-15&rft.aulast=Marlow&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fandor.com%2Fkeyframe%2Fthe-art-of-filmmaking-pablo-larrain&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWidescreen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lucca-interview-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Lucca-interview_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLucca2012" class="citation web cs1">Lucca, Violet (April 19, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.filmcomment.com/blog/projecting-the-past-an-interview-with-pablo-larrain/">"Projecting and Excavating the Past: An Interview with Pablo Larraín"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Film_Comment" title="Film Comment">Film Comment</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 28,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Film+Comment&rft.atitle=Projecting+and+Excavating+the+Past%3A+An+Interview+with+Pablo+Larra%C3%ADn&rft.date=2012-04-19&rft.aulast=Lucca&rft.aufirst=Violet&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.filmcomment.com%2Fblog%2Fprojecting-the-past-an-interview-with-pablo-larrain%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWidescreen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrantMeadows2010" class="citation book cs1">Grant, August E.; Meadows, Jennifer Harman (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rrORtjZNIdsC"><i>Communication Technology Update and Fundamentals</i></a>. Focal Press/Elsevier. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-240-81475-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-240-81475-9"><bdi>978-0-240-81475-9</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 27,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Communication+Technology+Update+and+Fundamentals&rft.pub=Focal+Press%2FElsevier&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-240-81475-9&rft.aulast=Grant&rft.aufirst=August+E.&rft.au=Meadows%2C+Jennifer+Harman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DrrORtjZNIdsC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWidescreen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nyt-japan-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nyt-japan_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPollack1994" class="citation web cs1">Pollack, Andrew (September 15, 1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1994/09/15/business/japanese-taking-to-wide-screen-tv.html">"Japanese Taking to Wide-Screen TV"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 6,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Japanese+Taking+to+Wide-Screen+TV&rft.date=1994-09-15&rft.aulast=Pollack&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1994%2F09%2F15%2Fbusiness%2Fjapanese-taking-to-wide-screen-tv.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWidescreen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ntv.co.jp/english/an/ch.html">"Corporate History"</a>. <i>NIPPON TV</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 6,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NIPPON+TV&rft.atitle=Corporate+History&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ntv.co.jp%2Fenglish%2Fan%2Fch.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWidescreen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.upi.com/Archives/1993/03/24/RCA-offering-widescreen-television/5451732949200/">"RCA offering widescreen television"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=RCA+offering+widescreen+television&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.upi.com%2FArchives%2F1993%2F03%2F24%2FRCA-offering-widescreen-television%2F5451732949200%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWidescreen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBaltz2014" class="citation web cs1">Baltz, Aaron (August 21, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://learn.corel.com/blog/ntsc-vs-pal-what-are-they-and-which-to-use/">"NTSC vs PAL: What are they and which one do I use?"</a>. <i>learn.corel.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=learn.corel.com&rft.atitle=NTSC+vs+PAL%3A+What+are+they+and+which+one+do+I+use%3F&rft.date=2014-08-21&rft.aulast=Baltz&rft.aufirst=Aaron&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flearn.corel.com%2Fblog%2Fntsc-vs-pal-what-are-they-and-which-to-use%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWidescreen" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Widescreen&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Look up <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/widescreen" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Special:Search/widescreen">widescreen</a></b></i> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.widescreenmuseum.com/">Official website</a> for the American Widescreen Museum</li> <li>Reel Classics on <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reelclassics.com/Techtalk/aspectratio-article.htm">What is Widescreen?</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://widescreen.org/">Widescreen.org</a> (formerly The Letterbox and Widescreen Advocacy Page)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tftcentral.co.uk/articles/widescreen.htm">List of widescreen monitors</a> compiled by TFT Central (incomplete)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sites.google.com/site/3dfilmarchive/home/widescreen-documentation">"The New Era of Screen Dimensions" by Bob Furmanek</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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aria-labelledby="Motion_picture_film_formats" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Film_formats" title="Template:Film formats"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Film_formats" title="Template talk:Film formats"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Film_formats" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Film formats"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Motion_picture_film_formats" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Motion picture <a href="/wiki/Film_format" title="Film format">film formats</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Film_gauge" title="Film gauge">Film gauges</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/8_mm_film" title="8 mm film">8 mm</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/9.5_mm_film" title="9.5 mm film">9.5 mm</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/16_mm_film" title="16 mm film">16 mm</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/17.5mm_film" class="mw-redirect" title="17.5mm film">17.5 mm</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/28_mm_film" title="28 mm film">28 mm</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/35_mm_movie_film" title="35 mm movie film">35 mm</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/70_mm_film" title="70 mm film">70 mm</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_film_formats" class="mw-redirect" title="List of film formats">Film formats</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">35 mm</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/CinemaScope" title="CinemaScope">CinemaScope</a> (1953)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/VistaVision" title="VistaVision">VistaVision</a> (1954)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Technirama" title="Technirama">Technirama</a> (1956)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Anamorphic_format" title="Anamorphic format">Modern anamorphic</a> (1957)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Techniscope" title="Techniscope">Techniscope</a> (1960)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Super_35" title="Super 35">Super 35</a> (1982)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">70 mm</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Todd-AO" title="Todd-AO">Todd-AO</a> (1955)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ultra_Panavision_70" title="Ultra Panavision 70">Ultra Panavision 70</a> (1957)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Super_Panavision_70" title="Super Panavision 70">Super Panavision 70</a> (1959)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/IMAX" title="IMAX">IMAX</a> (1970)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">35 mm × 3</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cinerama" title="Cinerama">Cinerama</a> (1952)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kinopanorama" title="Kinopanorama">Kinopanorama</a> (1958)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cinemiracle" title="Cinemiracle">Cinemiracle</a> (1958)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Aspect_ratio_(image)" title="Aspect ratio (image)">Aspect ratio</a> standards</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Academy_ratio" title="Academy ratio">Academy ratio</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/14:9" class="mw-redirect" title="14:9">14:9</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Anamorphic_format" title="Anamorphic format">Anamorphic format</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Video framing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Widescreen</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Anamorphic_widescreen" title="Anamorphic widescreen">Anamorphic widescreen</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Letterboxing_(filming)" title="Letterboxing (filming)">Letterbox</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pillarbox" title="Pillarbox">Pillarbox</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Windowbox_(filmmaking)" title="Windowbox (filmmaking)">Windowbox</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pan_and_scan" title="Pan and scan">Pan and scan</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fullscreen_(aspect_ratio)" title="Fullscreen (aspect ratio)">Fullscreen</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Open_matte" title="Open matte">Open matte</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Shoot_and_protect" title="Shoot and protect">Shoot and protect</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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