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class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button 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</div> </a> <ul id="toc-物理性质-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-化學性质" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#化學性质"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.2 化學性质 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-化學性质-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-同位素" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#同位素"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1.3 同位素 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-同位素-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-歷史" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#歷史"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 歷史 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-歷史-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-存量" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#存量"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 存量 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-存量-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-生產" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#生產"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 生產 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-生產-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-應用" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#應用"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 應用 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-應用-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-安全" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#安全"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 安全 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-安全-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參考資料" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考資料"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 參考資料 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參考資料-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部連結" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部連結"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 外部連結 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部連結-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > 开关目录 </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">锇</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。144种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-144" aria-hidden="true" > 144种语言 </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Osmium" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A6%E1%88%B5%E1%88%9A%E1%8B%A8%E1%88%9D" title="ኦስሚየም – 阿姆哈拉语" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ኦስሚየም" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="阿姆哈拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target">አማርኛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmio" title="Osmio – 阿拉贡语" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Osmio" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="阿拉贡语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%93%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="ओज़मियम – 昂加语" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="ओज़मियम" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="昂加语" class="interlanguage-link-target">अंगिका</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85" title="أوزميوم – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أوزميوم" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A4%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85" title="ؤسميوم – 摩洛哥阿拉伯文" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="ؤسميوم" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="摩洛哥阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target">الدارجة</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85" title="أوزميوم – 埃及阿拉伯文" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="أوزميوم" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="埃及阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmiu" title="Osmiu – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Osmiu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmel" title="Osmel – 科塔瓦文" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Osmel" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="科塔瓦文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kotava</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Osmium" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Осмий – 巴什基尔语" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Осмий" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="巴什基尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Башҡортса</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium – 巴厘语" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Osmium" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="巴厘语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Bali</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmyo" title="Osmyo – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Osmyo" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%B9" title="Осмій – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Осмій" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BC" title="Осм – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Осм" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Осмий – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Осмий" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%91%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="ऑस्मियम – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="ऑस्मियम" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">भोजपुरी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE" title="অসমিয়াম – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="অসমিয়াম" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A8%E0%BD%BC%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%98%E0%BC%8D" title="ཨོ་སི་མིམ། – 藏语" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཨོ་སི་མིམ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="藏语" class="interlanguage-link-target">བོད་ཡིག</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmiom" title="Osmiom – 布列塔尼语" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Osmiom" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="布列塔尼语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmij" title="Osmij – 波斯尼亚语" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Osmij" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波斯尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmi" title="Osmi – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Osmi" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Osmium" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmyo" title="Osmyo – 宿务语" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Osmyo" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="宿务语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%86%D8%B2%D9%85%DB%8C%DB%86%D9%85" title="ئۆزمیۆم – 中库尔德语" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئۆزمیۆم" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="中库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmiu" title="Osmiu – 科西嘉语" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Osmiu" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="科西嘉语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Corsu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Osmium" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Осмий – 楚瓦什语" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Осмий" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="楚瓦什语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmiwm" title="Osmiwm – 威尔士语" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Osmiwm" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="威尔士语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Osmium" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Osmium" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%8C%CF%83%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BF" title="Όσμιο – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Όσμιο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="优良条目"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Osmium" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target">English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmio" title="Osmio – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Osmio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmio" title="Osmio – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Osmio" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Osmium" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmio" title="Osmio – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Osmio" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%85" title="اسمیم – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اسمیم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="推荐条目"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Osmium" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium – 法罗语" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Osmium" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="法罗语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Føroyskt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Osmium" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium – 北弗里西亚语" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Osmium" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="北弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nordfriisk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmi" title="Osmi – 弗留利语" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Osmi" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="弗留利语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Furlan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oismiam" title="Oismiam – 爱尔兰语" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Oismiam" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="爱尔兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium – 苏格兰盖尔语" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Osmium" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="苏格兰盖尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmio" title="Osmio – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Osmio" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%93%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%AE%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%AE" title="ઓસ્મીયમ – 古吉拉特语" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="ઓસ્મીયમ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="古吉拉特语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ગુજરાતી</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium – 马恩语" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Osmium" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="马恩语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaelg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium – 客家语" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Osmium" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="客家语" class="interlanguage-link-target">客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9D" title="אוסמיום – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אוסמיום" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%93%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="ओस्मियम – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ओस्मियम" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium – 斐濟印地文" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Osmium" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="斐濟印地文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fiji Hindi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmij" title="Osmij – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Osmij" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozmium" title="Ozmium – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ozmium" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%95%D5%BD%D5%B4%D5%AB%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4" title="Օսմիում – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Օսմիում" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%95%D5%BD%D5%B4%D5%AB%D5%B8%D5%B6" title="Օսմիոն – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Օսմիոն" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Արեւմտահայերէն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium – 国际语" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Osmium" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="国际语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Osmium" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmio" title="Osmio – 伊多语" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Osmio" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="伊多语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osm%C3%ADn" title="Osmín – 冰岛语" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Osmín" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰岛语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmio" title="Osmio – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Osmio" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AA%E3%82%B9%E3%83%9F%E3%82%A6%E3%83%A0" title="オスミウム – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="オスミウム" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/jinmrbosmi" title="jinmrbosmi – 逻辑语" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="jinmrbosmi" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="逻辑语" class="interlanguage-link-target">La .lojban.</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium – 爪哇语" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Osmium" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="爪哇语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="ოსმიუმი – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ოსმიუმი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%86s%C9%A9m%C9%A9y%C9%94m" title="Ɔsɩmɩyɔm – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Ɔsɩmɩyɔm" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kabɩyɛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Осмий – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Осмий" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%86%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D" title="ಆಸ್ಮಿಯಮ್ – 卡纳达语" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಆಸ್ಮಿಯಮ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="卡纳达语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%A4%EC%8A%A4%EB%AE%B4" title="오스뮴 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="오스뮴" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmiy%C3%BBm" title="Osmiyûm – 库尔德语" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Osmiyûm" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Осмий – 科米语" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Осмий" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="科米语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Коми</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmiom" title="Osmiom – 康沃尔语" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Osmiom" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="康沃尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kernowek</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Осмий – 柯尔克孜语" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Осмий" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="柯尔克孜语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium – 拉丁语" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Osmium" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium – 卢森堡语" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Osmium" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="卢森堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium – 林堡语" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Osmium" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="林堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Limburgs</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmio" title="Osmio – 利古里亚语" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Osmio" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="利古里亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ligure</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%92smio" title="Òsmio – 倫巴底文" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Òsmio" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="倫巴底文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmis" title="Osmis – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Osmis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmijs" title="Osmijs – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Osmijs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Осмиум – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Осмиум" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%93%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82" title="ഓസ്മിയം – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഓസ്മിയം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Осми – 蒙古语" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Осми" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="蒙古语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%91%EA%AF%A3%EA%AF%81%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%A4%EA%AF%8C%EA%AF%9D" title="ꯑꯣꯁꯃꯤꯌꯝ – 曼尼普尔语" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯑꯣꯁꯃꯤꯌꯝ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="曼尼普尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%93%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="ओस्मियम – 马拉地语" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="ओस्मियम" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="马拉地语" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Осмий – 西馬里文" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Осмий" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="西馬里文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кырык мары</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Osmium" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%B7%E1%80%85%E1%80%99%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9A%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA" title="အော့စမီယမ် – 缅甸语" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အော့စမီယမ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="缅甸语" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium – 低地德语" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Osmium" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="低地德语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Plattdüütsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="अस्मियम – 尼瓦尔语" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="अस्मियम" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="尼瓦尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाल भाषा</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Osmium" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Osmium" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Osmium" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%92smi" title="Òsmi – 奥克语" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Òsmi" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奥克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmii" title="Osmii – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Osmii" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Livvinkarjala</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Осмий – 奥塞梯语" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Осмий" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="奥塞梯语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ирон</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%93%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%AE" title="ਓਸਮੀਅਮ – 旁遮普语" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਓਸਮੀਅਮ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="旁遮普语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="अस्मियम – 巴利语" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="अस्मियम" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="巴利语" class="interlanguage-link-target">पालि</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osm" title="Osm – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Osm" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%92smio" title="Òsmio – 皮埃蒙特文" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Òsmio" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="皮埃蒙特文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Piemontèis</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%85" title="اوسمیم – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="اوسمیم" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85" title="اوسميوم – 普什图语" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="اوسميوم" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="普什图语" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93smio" title="Ósmio – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ósmio" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Usmiyu" title="Usmiyu – 克丘亚语" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Usmiyu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="克丘亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmiu" title="Osmiu – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Osmiu" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmiu" title="Osmiu – 阿罗马尼亚语" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Osmiu" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="阿罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Armãneashti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Осмий – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Осмий" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="अस्मियम – 梵语" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="अस्मियम" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="梵语" class="interlanguage-link-target">संस्कृतम्</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%92smiu" title="Òsmiu – 萨丁语" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Òsmiu" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="萨丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sardu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%92smiu" title="Òsmiu – 西西里语" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Òsmiu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="西西里语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium – 苏格兰语" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Osmium" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="苏格兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmijum" title="Osmijum – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Osmijum" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Osmium" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Osmium" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmij" title="Osmij – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Osmij" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmiyaam" title="Osmiyaam – 索马里语" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Osmiyaam" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="索马里语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Soomaaliga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmiumi" title="Osmiumi – 阿尔巴尼亚语" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Osmiumi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿尔巴尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Осмијум – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Осмијум" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium – 沙特菲士蘭文" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Osmium" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="沙特菲士蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target">Seeltersk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium – 巽他语" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Osmium" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="巽他语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sunda</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Osmium" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmi" title="Osmi – 斯瓦希里语" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Osmi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="斯瓦希里语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%93%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="ஓசுமியம் – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஓசுமியம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%86%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%82" title="ఆస్మియం – 泰卢固语" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఆస్మియం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="泰卢固语" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Осмий – 塔吉克语" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Осмий" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="塔吉克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A1" title="ออสเมียม – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ออสเมียม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmiyo" title="Osmiyo – 他加禄语" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Osmiyo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="他加禄语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmiyum" title="Osmiyum – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Osmiyum" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Осмий – 鞑靼语" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Осмий" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="鞑靼语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%89%D9%8A" title="ئوسمىي – 维吾尔语" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ئوسمىي" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="维吾尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%B9" title="Осмій – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Осмій" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%85" title="اوزمیم – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="اوزمیم" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmiy" title="Osmiy – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Osmiy" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmii" title="Osmii – 维普森语" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Osmii" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="维普森语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vepsän kel’</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmi" title="Osmi – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Osmi" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmyo" title="Osmyo – 瓦瑞语" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Osmyo" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="瓦瑞语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%94%87" title="锇 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="锇" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D1%81%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Осмиум – 卡尔梅克语" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Осмиум" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="卡尔梅克语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Хальмг</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A1%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9D" title="אסמיום – 意第绪语" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="אסמיום" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="意第绪语" class="interlanguage-link-target">ייִדיש</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium – 约鲁巴语" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Osmium" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="约鲁巴语" class="interlanguage-link-target">Yorùbá</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%8B%A8" title="鋨 – 文言文" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="鋨" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="文言文" class="interlanguage-link-target">文言</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium – 闽南语" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Osmium" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="闽南语" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%8B%A8" title="鋨 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="鋨" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/UmOsisivu" title="UmOsisivu – 祖鲁语" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="UmOsisivu" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="祖鲁语" class="interlanguage-link-target">IsiZulu</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a 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cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >工具 </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">工具</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">隐藏</button> 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class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 在其他项目中 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Osmium" hreflang="en">维基共享资源</a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q751" title="链接到连接的数据仓库项目[g]" accesskey="g">维基数据项目</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div 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id="mw-indicator-noteTA-f683ec12" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><img alt="本页使用了标题或全文手工转换" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/35px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/53px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/70px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="20" /></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><div id="noteTA-f683ec12" class="noteTA"><div class="noteTA-group"><div data-noteta-group-source="module" data-noteta-group="Chemistry"></div></div></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r77235331">body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox td[colspan="2"]>.wikitable,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox .periodictable{display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox td[colspan="2"]{width:calc(100% - 20px)}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox td[colspan="2"]>div{max-width:100%;overflow:auto}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox caption{display:table-caption}</style> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732082">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox td div.NavHead:not(.notheme)[style]{background:transparent!important}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">鋨 76Os</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"> <table class="wikitable" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:center; width:100%; margin:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td> <table class="periodictable" style="margin:0 auto;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:none; width:10px"> <table class="nogrid Yuansuzhouqibiao_nav" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="1" style="background-color: transparent; text-align: center; empty-cells: show;padding:0; border: none;border-spacing:1px;border-collapse:separate;margin:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83953186">.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_nav span{display:block;overflow:hidden;padding:0;color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_nav td{border:none;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali,.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#ff6666}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali_predicted{background-color:#ffa1a1}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali_earth,.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali_earth .navbox-title{background-color:#ffdead}.mw-parser-output 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.Yuansuzhouqibiao_metalloid{background-color:#cccc99}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_metalloid_predicted{background-color:#e2e2aa}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_diatomic{background-color:#e7ff8f}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_diatomic_predicted{background-color:#F3FFC7}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_polyatomic{background-color:#a1ffc3}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_polyatomic_predicted{background-color:#d0ffe1}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_reactive_nonmetal{background-color:#a0ffa0}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_reactive_nonmetal_predicted{background-color:#d3ffd3}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_halogen{background-color:#ffff99}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_halogen_predicted{background-color:#ffffd6}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_noble_gas{background-color:#c0ffff}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_noble_gas_predicted{background-color:#ddffff}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_supercritical_atom{background-color:#f4f4c6}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_supercritical_atom_predicted{background-color:#f4f4c6}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_no_electron{background-color:#d0d0d0}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_s_block{background-color:#ff6699}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_s_block_predicted{background-color:#FBD}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_p_block{background-color:#99ccff}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_p_block_predicted{background-color:#CEF}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_d_block{background-color:#ccff99}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_d_block_predicted{background-color:#DFC}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_ds_block{background-color:#90ffb0}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_ds_block_predicted{background-color:#C7FFD7}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_f_block{background-color:#66ffcc}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_f_block_predicted{background-color:#BFE}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_g_block{background-color:#ffcc66}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_g_block_predicted{background-color:#FDA}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_h_block{background-color:#F0908C}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_h_block_predicted{background-color:#F0B6B4}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_unknown{background-color:#e8e8e8}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_error_type{background-color:#000000}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_null{background-color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_maybe_not_exist{background-color:white}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_none_type{background-color:#c0c0c0}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_gas{color:green}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_liquid{color:blue}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_solid{color:black;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .Yuansuzhouqibiao_unknow_phase{color:grey}</style><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A2" title="氢">氫（非金屬）</a> </td> <td colspan="30" style="border:none;padding:0;"> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A6" title="氦">氦（惰性氣體）</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%82" title="锂">鋰（鹼金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%8D" title="铍">鈹（鹼土金屬）</a> </td> <td colspan="24" style="border:none;padding:0;"> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%BC" title="硼">硼（類金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3" title="碳">碳（非金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AE" title="氮">氮（非金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7" title="氧">氧（非金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%9F" title="氟">氟（鹵素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%96" title="氖">氖（惰性氣體）</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A0" title="钠">鈉（鹼金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%81" title="镁">鎂（鹼土金屬）</a> </td> <td colspan="24" style="border:none;padding:0;"> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%9D" title="铝">鋁（貧金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%85" title="硅">矽（類金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%B7" title="磷">磷（非金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB" title="硫">硫（非金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF" title="氯">氯（鹵素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A9" title="氩">氬（惰性氣體）</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%BE" title="钾">鉀（鹼金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%99" title="钙">鈣（鹼土金屬）</a> </td> <td colspan="14" style="border:none;padding:0;"> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%AA" title="钪">鈧（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%9B" title="钛">鈦（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%92" title="钒">釩（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%AC" title="铬">鉻（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%B0" title="锰">錳（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%81" title="铁">鐵（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%B4" title="钴">鈷（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%8D" title="镍">鎳（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%9C" title="铜">銅（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%8C" title="锌">鋅（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%93" title="镓">鎵（貧金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%97" title="锗">鍺（類金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%B7" title="砷">砷（類金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%92" title="硒">硒（非金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%B4" title="溴">溴（鹵素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AA" title="氪">氪（惰性氣體）</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B7" title="铷">銣（鹼金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%B6" title="锶">鍶（鹼土金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none; width:0;padding:0;"> </td> <td colspan="13" style="border:none;padding:0;"> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%87" title="钇">釔（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%86" title="锆">鋯（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%8C" title="铌">鈮（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%BC" title="钼">鉬（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%9D" title="锝">鎝（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%8C" title="钌">釕（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%91" title="铑">銠（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%AF" title="钯">鈀（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%80" title="銀">銀（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%89" title="镉">鎘（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%9F" title="铟">銦（貧金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%A1" title="锡">錫（貧金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%91" title="锑">銻（類金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B2" title="碲">碲（類金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%98" title="碘">碘（鹵素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%99" title="氙">氙（惰性氣體）</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%AF" title="铯">銫（鹼金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A1" title="钡">鋇（鹼土金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%A7" title="镧">鑭（鑭系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%88" title="铈">鈰（鑭系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%A8" title="镨">鐠（鑭系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%95" title="钕">釹（鑭系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%B7" title="钷">鉕（鑭系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%90" title="钐">釤（鑭系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%95" title="铕">銪（鑭系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%86" title="钆">釓（鑭系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%BD" title="铽">鋱（鑭系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%9D" title="镝">鏑（鑭系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%AC" title="钬">鈥（鑭系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%92" title="铒">鉺（鑭系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%A5" title="铥">銩（鑭系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%B1" title="镱">鐿（鑭系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%A5" title="镥">鎦（鑭系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%AA" title="铪">鉿（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%BD" title="钽">鉭（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A8" title="钨">鎢（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%BC" title="铼">錸（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">鋨（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B1" title="铱">銥（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%82" title="铂">鉑（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91" title="金">金（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9E" title="汞">汞（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%8A" title="铊">鉈（貧金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%85" title="铅">鉛（貧金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%8B" title="铋">鉍（貧金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%8B" title="钋">釙（貧金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%B9" title="砹">砈（類金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A1" title="氡">氡（惰性氣體）</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%AB" title="钫">鍅（鹼金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%AD" title="镭">鐳（鹼土金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%95" title="锕">錒（錒系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%8D" title="钍">釷（錒系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%A4" title="镤">鏷（錒系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%BE" title="鈾">鈾（錒系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%8E" title="镎">錼（錒系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%9A" title="钚">鈽（錒系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%85" title="镅">鋂（錒系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%94" title="锔">鋦（錒系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%AB" title="锫">鉳（錒系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%8E" title="锎">鉲（錒系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%BF" title="锿">鑀（錒系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%84" title="镄">鐨（錒系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%94" title="钔">鍆（錒系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%98" title="锘">鍩（錒系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%90%92" title="鐒">鐒（錒系元素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%91%AA" title="鑪">鑪（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%A7%80" title="𨧀">𨧀（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%AD%8E" title="𨭎">𨭎（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%A8%8F" title="𨨏">𨨏（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%AD%86" title="𨭆">𨭆（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%A5%91" title="䥑">䥑（預測為過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%90%BD" title="鐽">鐽（預測為過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%80" title="錀">錀（預測為過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%B6" title="鎶">鎶（過渡金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%89%A8" title="鉨">鉨（預測為貧金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%87" title="鈇">鈇（貧金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%86" title="镆">鏌（預測為貧金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%89%9D" title="鉝">鉝（預測為貧金屬）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BF%AC" title="鿬">鿬（預測為鹵素）</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BF%AB" title="鿫">鿫（預測為惰性氣體）</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center; font-size:90%; line-height:100%; width:10px; border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%95" class="mw-redirect" title="釕">釕</a> ↑ 鋨 ↓ <a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%AD%86" title="𨭆">𨭆</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="nowrap" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%; line-height:100%; padding-top:0; padding-bottom:1px; border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="錸">錸</a> ← 鋨 → <a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="銥">銥</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="text-align:center; color:#000000;;">外觀</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="">銀色，藍色光澤 <a href="/wiki/File:Osmium_crystals.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Osmium_crystals.jpg/250px-Osmium_crystals.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Osmium_crystals.jpg/375px-Osmium_crystals.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Osmium_crystals.jpg/500px-Osmium_crystals.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4824" data-file-height="3099" /></a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="text-align:center; color:#000000;;">概況</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">名稱·<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="元素列表">符號</a>·<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E5%BA%8F%E6%95%B0" title="原子序数">序數</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">鋨（Osmium）·Os·76</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">元素類別</th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%87%E6%B8%A1%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E" title="过渡金属">过渡金属</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%8F_(%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6)" title="族 (化学)">族</a>·<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F" title="元素周期">週期</a>·<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E5%88%86%E5%8C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="元素分区">區</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/8%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="8族元素">8</a>·<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC6%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第6周期元素">6</a>·<a href="/wiki/D%E5%8C%BA%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="D区元素">d</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E9%87%8F" title="原子量">標準原子質量</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">190.23(3)<a href="#cite_note-CIAAW2021-1">[1]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E6%8E%92%E5%B8%83" title="电子排布">电子排布</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">[<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%99" title="氙">Xe</a>] 4f14 5d6 6s2 2, 8, 18, 32, 14, 2 <div style="border:0; margin:0 auto;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Electron_shell_076_Osmium_-_no_label.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="鋨的电子層（2, 8, 18, 32, 14, 2）"><img alt="鋨的电子層（2, 8, 18, 32, 14, 2）" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Electron_shell_076_Osmium_-_no_label.svg/153px-Electron_shell_076_Osmium_-_no_label.svg.png" decoding="async" width="153" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Electron_shell_076_Osmium_-_no_label.svg/230px-Electron_shell_076_Osmium_-_no_label.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Electron_shell_076_Osmium_-_no_label.svg/306px-Electron_shell_076_Osmium_-_no_label.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1800" /></a><figcaption>鋨的电子層（2, 8, 18, 32, 14, 2）</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="text-align:center; color:#000000;;">歷史</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E7%99%BC%E7%8F%BE%E5%B9%B4%E8%A1%A8" title="化學元素發現年表">發現</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E5%AF%86%E6%A3%AE%C2%B7%E7%89%B9%E5%8D%97%E7%89%B9" title="史密森·特南特">史密森·特南特</a>（1803年）</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">分離</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">史密森·特南特（1803年）</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="text-align:center; color:#000000;;">物理性質</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B8_(%E7%89%A9%E8%B4%A8)" title="相 (物质)">物態</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BA%E9%AB%94" class="mw-redirect" title="固體">固體</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%BA%A6" title="密度">密度</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">（接近<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%A4%E6%BA%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="室溫">室温</a>） 22.59 <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B" title="克">g</a>·<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%98%E7%B1%B3" title="厘米">cm</a>−3</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E7%86%94%E7%82%B9" title="熔点">熔点</a>時液體密度</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">20 g·cm−3</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E7%86%94%E7%82%B9" title="熔点">熔点</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">3306 <a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E5%B0%94%E6%96%87" title="开尔文">K</a>，3033 <a href="/wiki/%E6%91%84%E6%B0%8F%E6%B8%A9%E6%A0%87" title="摄氏温标">°C</a>，5491 <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8E%E6%B0%8F%E6%B8%A9%E6%A0%87" title="华氏温标">°F</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B8%E9%BB%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="沸點">沸點</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">5285 <a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E5%B0%94%E6%96%87" title="开尔文">K</a>，5012 <a href="/wiki/%E6%91%84%E6%B0%8F%E6%B8%A9%E6%A0%87" title="摄氏温标">°C</a>，9054 <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8E%E6%B0%8F%E6%B8%A9%E6%A0%87" title="华氏温标">°F</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E7%86%94%E5%8C%96%E7%83%AD" title="熔化热">熔化热</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">57.85 <a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A6%E8%80%B3%E6%AF%8F%E6%91%A9%E5%B0%94" title="焦耳每摩尔">kJ·mol−1</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%BD%E5%8C%96%E7%83%AD" title="汽化热">汽化热</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">738 kJ·mol−1</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%94%E7%86%B1%E5%AE%B9" title="比熱容">比熱容</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">24.7 J·mol−1·K−1</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%92%B8%E6%B0%A3%E5%A3%93" title="蒸氣壓">蒸氣壓</a><div style="position:relative; margin:0 auto; padding:0; text-align:initial; width:-moz-fit-content;width:-webkit-fit-content;width:fit-content;"> <table class="wikitable nowrap" style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; margin:0;"> <tbody><tr align="center"> <td>壓/Pa </td> <td>1 </td> <td>10 </td> <td>100 </td> <td>1 k </td> <td>10 k </td> <td>100 k </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td>溫/K </td> <td>3160 </td> <td>3423 </td> <td>3751 </td> <td>4148 </td> <td>4638 </td> <td>5256 </td></tr></tbody></table> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="text-align:center; color:#000000;;">原子性質</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E6%80%81" title="氧化态">氧化态</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0, -1, -2 （微<a href="/wiki/%E9%85%B8%E6%80%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="酸性">酸性</a>氧化物）</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E8%B4%9F%E6%80%A7" title="电负性">电负性</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">2.2（鲍林标度）</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E7%A6%BB%E8%83%BD" title="电离能">电离能</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">第一：840 <a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A6%E8%80%B3%E6%AF%8F%E6%91%A9%E5%B0%94" title="焦耳每摩尔">kJ·mol−1</a> 第二：1600 kJ·mol−1</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E5%8D%8A%E5%BE%84" title="原子半径">原子半径</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">135 <a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%AE%E7%B1%B3" title="皮米">pm</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E4%BB%B7%E5%8D%8A%E5%BE%84" title="共价半径">共价半径</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">144±4 pm</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style=""><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Osmium_spectrum_visible.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Osmium_spectrum_visible.png/240px-Osmium_spectrum_visible.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="41" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Osmium_spectrum_visible.png/360px-Osmium_spectrum_visible.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Osmium_spectrum_visible.png/480px-Osmium_spectrum_visible.png 2x" data-file-width="7430" data-file-height="1280" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure>鋨的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E8%B0%B1%E7%BA%BF" title="原子谱线">原子谱线</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="text-align:center; color:#000000;;">雜項</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%B6%E4%BD%93%E7%BB%93%E6%9E%84" title="晶体结构">晶体结构</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E6%96%B9%E6%99%B6%E7%B3%BB" title="六方晶系">六方密堆積</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%81" title="磁">磁序</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E9%A0%86%E7%A3%81%E6%80%A7" title="順磁性">順磁性</a><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">電阻率</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">（0 °C）81.2 n Ω·m</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E7%86%B1%E5%B0%8E%E7%8E%87" title="熱導率">熱導率</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">87.6 W·m−1·K−1</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="">膨脹係數</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">（25 °C）5.1 µm·m−1·K−1</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%B3%E9%80%9F" title="音速">聲速</a>（細棒）</th><td class="infobox-data" style="">（20 °C）4940 <a href="/wiki/%E7%B1%B3%E6%AF%8F%E7%A7%92" title="米每秒">m·s−1</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%89%AA%E5%88%87%E6%A8%A1%E9%87%8F" title="剪切模量">剪切模量</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">222 GPa</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%93%E7%A7%AF%E6%A8%A1%E9%87%8F" title="体积模量">体积模量</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">462 GPa</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%8A%E6%9D%BE%E6%AF%94" title="泊松比">泊松比</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">0.25</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%AB%E6%B0%8F%E7%A1%AC%E5%BA%A6" title="莫氏硬度">莫氏硬度</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">7.0</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E6%B0%8F%E7%A1%AC%E5%BA%A6%E8%AF%95%E9%AA%8C" title="布氏硬度试验">布氏硬度</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="">3920 MPa</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style=""><a href="/wiki/CAS%E5%8F%B7" title="CAS号">CAS号</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style=""><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=7440-04-2">7440-04-2</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header 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ul.sslist{margin:0;padding:0;display:inline-block;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .cslist li,.mw-parser-output .sslist li{margin:0;display:inline-block}.mw-parser-output .cslist li::after{content:"，"}.mw-parser-output .sslist li::after{content:"；"}.mw-parser-output .cslist li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .sslist li:last-child::after{content:none}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84244141">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:110%;margin:0 8em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:110%;margin:0 5em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Infobox_osmium_isotopes" title="Template:Infobox osmium isotopes"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Infobox_osmium_isotopes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Infobox osmium isotopes（页面不存在）"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:Infobox_osmium_isotopes" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:Infobox osmium isotopes"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%A8%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鋨的同位素">鋨的同位素</a> <div> <table class="wikitable" cellpadding="0" style="text-align:center;width:100%; border-collapse:collapse; margin:0; padding:0;"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="同位素">同位素</a> </th> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="丰度">丰度</a> </th> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E8%A1%B0%E6%9C%9F" title="半衰期">半衰期</a>（t1/2） </th> <th colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BE%E5%B0%84%E6%80%A7#衰变" title="放射性">衰變</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%B0%E8%AE%8A%E6%96%B9%E5%BC%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="衰變方式">方式</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%B0%E5%8F%98%E8%83%BD" title="衰变能">能量</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E4%BC%8F%E7%89%B9" title="電子伏特">MeV</a>） </th> <th><a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%B0%E5%8F%98%E4%BA%A7%E7%89%A9" title="衰变产物">產物</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="1" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;">184Os </th> <td rowspan="1" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;">0.02% </td> <td rowspan="1" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;">7013112000000000000♠1.12×1013 <a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B4" title="年">年</a><a href="#cite_note-184Os-3">[3]</a> </td> <td rowspan="1" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/%CE%91%E8%A1%B0%E5%8F%98" title="Α衰变">α</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;">2.958 </td> <td style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;">180W </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="1" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;">186Os </th> <td rowspan="1" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;">1.59% </td> <td rowspan="1" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;">2.0×1015 <a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B4" title="年">年</a> </td> <td rowspan="1" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/%CE%91%E8%A1%B0%E5%8F%98" title="Α衰变">α</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;">2.822 </td> <td style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;">182W </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="1" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;">187Os </th> <td rowspan="1" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;">1.96% </td> <td colspan="5" style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%B3%E5%AE%9A%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="稳定同位素">穩定</a>，帶111粒<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%AD%90" title="中子">中子</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="1" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;">188Os </th> <td rowspan="1" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;">13.24% </td> <td colspan="5" style="text-align:center;">穩定，帶112粒<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%AD%90" title="中子">中子</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="1" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;">189Os </th> <td rowspan="1" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;">16.15% </td> <td colspan="5" style="text-align:center;">穩定，帶113粒<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%AD%90" title="中子">中子</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="1" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;">190Os </th> <td rowspan="1" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;">26.26% </td> <td colspan="5" style="text-align:center;">穩定，帶114粒<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%AD%90" title="中子">中子</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="1" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;">192Os </th> <td rowspan="1" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;">40.78% </td> <td colspan="5" style="text-align:center;">穩定，帶116粒<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%AD%90" title="中子">中子</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="1" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;">194Os </th> <td rowspan="1" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E9%80%A0%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="人造同位素">人造</a> </td> <td rowspan="1" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;">6.0 <a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B4" title="年">年</a> </td> <td rowspan="1" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;"><a href="/wiki/%CE%92%E8%A1%B0%E5%8F%98#β-衰变" title="Β衰变">β−</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;">0.097 </td> <td style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;">194Ir </td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table> 鋨（<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%89%E8%AF%AD%E6%8B%BC%E9%9F%B3" title="汉语拼音">拼音</a>：é，<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A8%E9%9F%B3%E7%AC%A6%E8%99%9F" title="注音符號">注音</a>：ㄜˊ，<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E8%AA%9E%E8%A8%80%E5%AD%B8%E5%AD%B8%E6%9C%83%E7%B2%B5%E8%AA%9E%E6%8B%BC%E9%9F%B3%E6%96%B9%E6%A1%88" title="香港語言學學會粵語拼音方案">粤拼</a>：ngo4，音同「鹅」；英語：Osmium；舊譯銤<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a>、鐭），是一種<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="化學元素">化學元素</a>，其<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E7%AC%A6%E8%99%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="化學符號">化學符號</a>为Os，<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E5%BA%8F%E6%95%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="原子序數">原子序數</a>为76，<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E9%87%8F" title="原子量">原子量</a>為7002190230000000000♠190.23 <a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E8%B4%A8%E9%87%8F%E5%8D%95%E4%BD%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="原子质量单位">u</a>。鋨是一種堅硬、易碎的<a href="/wiki/%E9%89%91%E7%B3%BB%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="鉑系元素">鉑系</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%8E%E6%B8%A1%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="過渡金屬">過渡金屬</a>，具有獨特的藍灰色光澤。鋨是自然界中<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%86%E5%BA%A6" title="密度">密度</a>最高的元素，有22.59 g/cm3。鋨一般以<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E5%A3%B3%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E4%B8%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="地壳元素丰度列表">痕量</a>存在於自然中，大部份在鉑礦藏的<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%88%E9%87%91" title="合金">合金</a>當中，是<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E6%AE%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="地殼">地殼</a>中<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E4%B8%B0%E5%BA%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="元素丰度">存量</a>最低的穩定元素之一。鋨與<a href="/wiki/%E9%89%91" class="mw-redirect" title="鉑">鉑</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="銥">銥</a>及其他鉑系元素形成的合金具有超強的耐用性和<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AC%E5%BA%A6" class="mw-disambig" title="硬度">硬度</a>，能用於製造<a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%BC%E7%AD%86" title="鋼筆">鋼筆</a>筆頭和電觸頭等。<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a>但由於鋨金屬堅硬易碎且<a href="/wiki/%E7%86%94%E9%BB%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="熔點">熔點</a>極高，難以塑形、加工，且在空氣中容易形成具高揮發性和高毒性的<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E9%94%87" title="四氧化锇">四氧化鋨</a>，再加上鋨本身非常稀有且昂貴，因此金屬態的鋨應用很少。 <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="性質">性質</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%94%87&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：性質">编辑</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="物理性质">物理性质</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%94%87&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：物理性质">编辑</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Osmium_1-crop.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Osmium_1-crop.jpg/170px-Osmium_1-crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Osmium_1-crop.jpg/255px-Osmium_1-crop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/00/Osmium_1-crop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="289" data-file-height="262" /></a><figcaption>鋨鑄圓珠</figcaption></figure> 鋨是藍灰色有光澤的金屬，其密度比<a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="銥">銥</a>稍高，是密度最高的穩定元素。<a href="#cite_note-Densities-6">[6]</a>從<a href="/wiki/X%E5%B0%84%E7%BA%BF%E6%99%B6%E4%BD%93%E5%AD%A6" title="X射线晶体学">X射線散射</a>數據計算出的密度數值最準確。這種方法得出銥的密度為22.562 ± 0.009 g/cm3，而鋨的密度為22.587 ± 0.009 g/cm3。<a href="#cite_note-Densest-7">[7]</a> 鋨金屬堅硬，在高溫下可保持光澤。鋨的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A3%93%E7%B8%AE%E6%80%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="壓縮性">壓縮性</a>非常低，因此<a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%93%E7%A7%AF%E6%A8%A1%E9%87%8F" title="体积模量">體積模量</a>非常高，在395和462 <a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%95%E6%96%AF%E5%8D%A1" title="帕斯卡">GPa</a>之間，與<a href="/wiki/%E9%91%BD%E7%9F%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="鑽石">鑽石</a>的443 GPa相約。在壓力為4 GPa的情況下，鋨的硬度也比較高。<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a>由於堅硬易碎，<a href="/wiki/%E8%92%B8%E6%B0%A3%E5%A3%93" title="蒸氣壓">蒸氣壓</a>低（鉑系元素中最低），<a href="/wiki/%E7%86%94%E9%BB%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="熔點">熔點</a>極高（所有元素中第四高），所以固體鋨很難塑形，生產過程十分困難。 <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="化學性质">化學性质</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%94%87&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：化學性质">编辑</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r85100532">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见：<a href="/wiki/%E9%94%87%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="锇化合物">鋨化合物</a></div> <div style="float:right; margin:5px;"> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2">鋨的氧化態 </th></tr> <tr> <td>−2</td> <td>Na 2[Os(CO) 4] </td></tr> <tr> <td>−1</td> <td>Na 2[Os 4(CO) 13] </td></tr> <tr> <td>0</td> <td>Os 3(CO) 12 </td></tr> <tr> <td>+1</td> <td>OsI </td></tr> <tr> <td>+2</td> <td>OsI 2 </td></tr> <tr> <td>+3</td> <td>OsBr 3 </td></tr> <tr> <td>+4</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E9%94%87" title="二氧化锇">OsO 2</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E6%B0%AF%E5%8C%96%E9%94%87" title="四氯化锇">OsCl 4</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>+5</td> <td>OsF 5 </td></tr> <tr> <td>+6</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E6%B0%9F%E5%8C%96%E9%94%87" title="六氟化锇">OsF 6</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>+7</td> <td>OsOF 5 </td></tr> <tr> <td>+8</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E9%94%87" title="四氧化锇">OsO 4</a>, Os(NCH3) 4 </td></tr></tbody></table></div> 鋨可以形成<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E6%80%81" title="氧化态">氧化態</a>為−2至+8的化合物。最常見的氧化態有+2、+3、+4和+8。+8態是除了铱的+9氧化态以外<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a>，任何元素可達至的最高氧化態，除鋨以外擁有+8態的只有<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%99" title="氙">氙</a><a href="#cite_note-selig-12">[12]</a><a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%95" class="mw-redirect" title="釕">釕</a><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a>、<a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%AD%86" title="𨭆">𨭆</a><a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="銥">銥</a><a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%88%88" class="mw-redirect" title="鈈">鈈</a>。<a href="#cite_note-Pu(VIII)-17">[17]</a>氧化態為−1和−2的Na 2[Os 4(CO) 13]和Na 2[Os(CO) 4]反應性很強，可用於合成鋨的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E7%B0%87" title="原子簇">原子簇</a>化合物。<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> 最常見的+8態化合物是鋨粉末在空氣中形成的<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E9%94%87" title="四氧化锇">四氧化鋨</a>。四氧化鋨是一種淺黃色晶體，揮發性高，可溶於水，味道很強，具有毒性。鋨粉末的味道與四氧化鋨一樣。<a href="#cite_note-mager-20">[20]</a>四氧化鋨與鹼反應會形成紅色的高鋨酸OsO 4(OH)2− 2，與<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A8" title="氨">氨</a>則形成次氮基鋨酸OsO 3N− 。<a href="#cite_note-Holle-21">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-Griffith-22">[22]</a><a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a>四氧化鋨在130 <a href="/wiki/%E6%94%9D%E6%B0%8F%E5%BA%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="攝氏度">°C</a>氣化，是一種強<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E5%8A%91" class="mw-redirect" title="氧化劑">氧化劑</a>。相比之下，<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E9%94%87" title="二氧化锇">二氧化鋨</a>（OsO2）則是黑色的不揮發物質，反應性和毒性也遠低於四氧化鋨。 具有主要用途的鋨化合物只有兩種：四氧化鋨在<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E9%A1%AF%E5%BE%AE%E9%8F%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="電子顯微鏡">電子顯微鏡</a>照相中用以對組織<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%93%E8%89%B2_(%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%B8)" title="染色 (生物學)">染色</a>，並在<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%89%E6%9C%BA%E5%90%88%E6%88%90" title="有机合成">有機合成</a>過程中作<a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AF%E7%83%B4" class="mw-redirect" title="烯烴">烯烴</a>的氧化劑；不揮發的鋨酸鹽則用在<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%8F%E6%99%AE%E8%8E%B1%E6%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E5%AF%B9%E7%A7%B0%E5%8F%8C%E7%BE%9F%E5%9F%BA%E5%8C%96%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94" title="夏普莱斯不对称双羟基化反应">有機氧化反應</a>當中。<a href="#cite_note-Bozzola-24">[24]</a> 鋨可以形成各種<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A4%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9" title="卤化物">鹵化物</a>，包括五氟化鋨（OsF5）、三氯化鋨（OsCl3）、三溴化鋨（OsBr3）、三碘化鋨（OsI3）等等。鋨的氧化態較低時，大直徑的鹵素可以使兩者的化合物更加穩定，所以以上的三鹵化物存在，但三氟化鋨（OsF3）尚未被發現。唯一一種氧化態為+1的鋨化合物是碘化鋨（OsI）。鋨在一些羰基配合物中的氧化態為0，例如<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%8C%E7%BE%B0%E5%9F%BA%E4%B8%89%E9%94%87" title="十二羰基三锇">十二羰基三鋨</a>（Os 3(CO) 12）。<a href="#cite_note-Holle-21">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-Griffith-22">[22]</a><a href="#cite_note-greenwood-25">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> 鋨在氧化態較低時，強σ供體（如<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%BA" title="胺">胺</a>）和π受體（含<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AE" title="氮">氮</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%9C%E7%92%B0%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="雜環化合物">雜環化合物</a>）都可以增加其穩定性；氧化態較高時，強σ和π供體都可增強穩定性，如O2− 和N3− 。<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> 虽然鋨的化合物很多，但純金屬鋨在<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%87%E5%87%86%E6%B8%A9%E5%BA%A6%E5%92%8C%E5%8E%8B%E5%8A%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="标准温度和压力">标准温度和压力</a>下可抗禦几乎所有酸的侵蝕，甚至包括<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E6%B0%B4" title="王水">王水</a>，然而熔融的碱可以和锇反应。<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="同位素">同位素</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%94%87&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：同位素">编辑</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%A8%E7%9A%84%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="鋨的同位素">鋨的同位素</a></div> 鋨共有7種自然產生的<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0" title="同位素">同位素</a>，其中5種為穩定同位素：187 Os、188 Os、189 Os、190 Os和（比例最高的）192 Os。184 Os和186 Os都會<a href="/wiki/%CE%91%E8%A1%B0%E8%AE%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="Α衰變">α衰變</a>，但由於<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E8%A1%B0%E6%9C%9F" title="半衰期">半衰期</a>分别長達1.12×1013年<a href="#cite_note-184Os-3">[3]</a>和2.0×1015年<a href="#cite_note-NUBASE2020-29">[29]</a>，所以一般可當做穩定同位素。其它穩定同位素預測都可以α衰變，但由於半衰期很長，因而还未得到實驗證實。理論預測184 Os和192 Os可<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%99%CE%B2%E8%A1%B0%E8%AE%8A" title="雙β衰變">雙β衰變</a>，但這尚無實驗證據。<a href="#cite_note-NUBASE2020-29">[29]</a> 187 Os是187 <a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="錸">Re</a>的衰變產物（半衰期為4.56×1010年），被廣泛用於測定地球岩石以及<a href="/wiki/%E9%9A%95%E7%9F%B3" title="隕石">隕石</a>的年齡（見<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%8C%B8%E9%8B%A8%E5%AE%9A%E5%B9%B4%E6%B3%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="錸鋨定年法（页面不存在）">錸鋨定年法</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhenium-osmium_dating" class="extiw" title="en:Rhenium-osmium dating">Rhenium-osmium dating</a>））。此同位素還可以用於測量大陸風化的強度，及推斷大陸<a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%A9%E5%AE%9A%E5%9C%B0%E5%A1%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="穩定地塊">穩定地塊</a>根部的<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E5%B9%94" title="地幔">地幔</a>在何時穩定下來。含錸礦石中含有異常高的187 Os，也是因為這一衰變。<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a>然而最為常用的鋨定年法則是銥鋨定年法。這種方法可分析<a href="/wiki/K-T%E7%95%8C%E7%B7%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="K-T界線">K-T界線</a>上的<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%9D%E6%93%8A%E7%9F%B3%E8%8B%B1" title="衝擊石英">衝擊石英</a>，也就是6600萬年前<a href="/wiki/%E6%81%90%E9%BE%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="恐龍">恐龍</a>滅絕時所留下的地質特徵。<a href="#cite_note-Alvarez-31">[31]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="歷史">歷史</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%94%87&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：歷史">编辑</a>]</div> 1803年，<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E5%AF%86%E6%A3%AE%C2%B7%E7%89%B9%E5%8D%97%E7%89%B9" title="史密森·特南特">史密森·特南特</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%C2%B7%E6%B5%B7%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E6%B2%83%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF%E9%A0%93" class="mw-redirect" title="威廉·海德·沃拉斯頓">威廉·海德·沃拉斯頓</a>在英國<a href="/wiki/%E5%80%AB%E6%95%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="倫敦">倫敦</a>發現了鋨元素。<a href="#cite_note-32">[32]</a>鋨的發現與鉑以及其他<a href="/wiki/%E9%89%91%E7%B3%BB%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="鉑系元素">鉑系元素</a>息息相關。17世紀，人們在<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%A5%E5%80%AB%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="哥倫比亞">哥倫比亞</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%94%E7%A7%91%E7%9C%81" title="乔科省">喬科省</a>的銀礦中發現了鉑。<a href="#cite_note-33">[33]</a>化學家後來發現這種金屬不是合金，而是一種新元素，並在1748年發表了這一發現。<a href="#cite_note-34">[34]</a>他們將鉑溶於<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E6%B0%B4" title="王水">王水</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E9%B9%BD%E9%85%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="鹽酸">鹽酸</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8" title="硝酸">硝酸</a>的混合物），以產生穩定的鹽。每一次實驗都有留有少量黑色的不可溶殘留物。<a href="#cite_note-hunt-35">[35]</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%91%9F%E5%A4%AB%C2%B7%E6%99%AE%E9%B2%81%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9" title="约瑟夫·普鲁斯特">約瑟夫·普魯斯特</a>以為殘留物是<a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E5%A2%A8" title="石墨">石墨</a>。<a href="#cite_note-hunt-35">[35]</a><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B6%AD%E5%A4%9A%C2%B7%E7%A7%91%E8%90%8A-%E5%BE%B7%E7%A7%91%E6%8F%90%E7%88%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="維多·科萊-德科提爾（页面不存在）">維多·科萊-德科提爾</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hippolyte-Victor_Collet-Descotils" class="extiw" title="en:Hippolyte-Victor Collet-Descotils">Hippolyte-Victor Collet-Descotils</a>）（Victor Collet-Descotils）、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A6%8F%E7%88%BE%E5%85%8B%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E7%88%B5%E5%AE%89%E6%9D%B1%E8%90%AC%C2%B7%E5%BC%97%E6%9C%97%E7%B4%A2%E7%93%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="福爾克拉伯爵安東萬·弗朗索瓦（页面不存在）">福爾克拉伯爵安東萬·弗朗索瓦</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antoine_Fran%C3%A7ois,_comte_de_Fourcroy" class="extiw" title="en:Antoine François, comte de Fourcroy">Antoine François, comte de Fourcroy</a>）（Antoine François, comte de Fourcroy）和<a href="/wiki/%E8%B7%AF%E6%98%93-%E5%B0%BC%E5%8F%A4%E6%8B%89%C2%B7%E6%B2%83%E5%85%8B%E8%98%AD" title="路易-尼古拉·沃克蘭">路易-尼古拉·沃克蘭</a>在1803年同樣觀測到這一殘留物，但因未能取得足夠的物質而無法進行更多的實驗。<a href="#cite_note-hunt-35">[35]</a> 1803年，史密森·特南特分析了這些殘留物，並推斷其中必含新的金屬元素。沃克朗把該粉末來回在酸鹼中浸洗，<a href="#cite_note-Emsley-36">[36]</a>取得了一種揮發性氧化物。他認為這是新元素的氧化物，並把新元素命名為「ptene」，源於希臘文的「πτηνος」（ptènos），即「有翼的」。<a href="#cite_note-griffith-37">[37]</a><a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a>特南特則擁有更大量的殘留物，並在不久後辨認出兩種新元素，也就是鋨和銥。<a href="#cite_note-hunt-35">[35]</a><a href="#cite_note-Emsley-36">[36]</a>他再對產物加入<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AB%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E9%88%89" class="mw-redirect" title="氫氧化鈉">氫氧化鈉</a>，在加熱後製成了一種黃色溶液（很可能是順[Os(OH)2O4]2−）。溶液經過酸化後，他用蒸餾法取得了OsO4。<a href="#cite_note-griffith-37">[37]</a>由於製成的<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E9%94%87" title="四氧化锇">四氧化鋨</a>具有強烈的焦味，所以他把這一新元素命名為現名「osmium」，源於希臘文「οσμή」（osme），即「臭味」。<a href="#cite_note-weeks-39">[39]</a>鋨元素的發現被記錄在1804年6月21日致<a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%87%E5%AE%B6%E5%AD%B8%E9%99%A2" class="mw-disambig" title="皇家學院">皇家學院</a>的一封信中。<a href="#cite_note-hunt-35">[35]</a><a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a> <a href="/wiki/%E9%88%BE" title="鈾">鈾</a>和鋨在形成<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A8" title="氨">氨</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E6%9F%8F%E6%B3%95" title="哈柏法">哈柏法</a>中是有效的<a href="/wiki/%E5%82%AC%E5%8C%96%E5%8A%91" class="mw-redirect" title="催化劑">催化劑</a>，這使該方法可以得到廣泛應用。當時在<a href="/wiki/BASF" class="mw-redirect" title="BASF">BASF</a>一個以<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E5%8D%9A%E6%96%BD" title="卡爾·博施">卡爾·博施</a>為首的團隊購入了世界上大部份的鋨來作催化劑。1908年，同一個團隊發現了使用鐵和氧化鐵的更為便宜的催化劑，因此無須再使用昂貴稀少的鋨元素。<a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> 今天，鋨主要是從<a href="/wiki/%E9%89%91" class="mw-redirect" title="鉑">鉑</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="鎳">鎳</a>礦石中提取出來的。<a href="#cite_note-USGS-YB-2006-42">[42]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="存量">存量</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%94%87&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：存量">编辑</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Platinum_nuggets.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Platinum_nuggets.jpg/220px-Platinum_nuggets.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="118" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Platinum_nuggets.jpg/330px-Platinum_nuggets.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Platinum_nuggets.jpg/440px-Platinum_nuggets.jpg 2x" data-file-width="816" data-file-height="439" /></a><figcaption>含有其他鉑系元素的鉑原石</figcaption></figure> 鋨是地球<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E6%AE%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="地殼">地殼</a>中<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E8%B1%90%E5%BA%A6" title="化學元素豐度">最稀有</a>的穩定元素，在<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%86%E5%9C%B0%E5%A3%B3" title="大陆地壳">大陸地殼</a>裡的平均質量比例只有1千億分之5。<a href="#cite_note-wede-43">[43]</a> 鋨在自然中以純金屬或合金的形態出現，尤其是各種比例的銥﹣鋨合金。<a href="#cite_note-Emsley-36">[36]</a>鎳和<a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%85" class="mw-redirect" title="銅">銅</a>礦藏中還含有鋨和銥的<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9" title="硫化物">硫化物</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B2%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9" title="碲化物">碲化物</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%94%91%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9" title="锑化物">銻化物</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%B7%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9" title="砷化物">砷化物</a>。與其他鉑系元素一樣，鋨可以形成自然鎳合金及銅合金。<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a> 地殼中有三種地質結構的鋨含量最高：<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E6%88%90%E5%B2%A9" title="火成岩">火成岩</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%92%9E%E6%93%8A%E5%9D%91" class="mw-redirect" title="撞擊坑">撞擊坑</a>以及前二者演化而成的地質結構。最大的已知礦藏有<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E9%9D%9E" title="南非">南非</a>的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%83%E4%BB%80%E7%B6%AD%E7%88%BE%E5%BE%B7%E7%81%AB%E6%88%90%E9%9B%9C%E5%B2%A9%E9%AB%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="布什維爾德火成雜岩體（页面不存在）">布什維爾德火成雜岩體</a>、<a href="#cite_note-kirk-pt-45">[45]</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BE%85%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="俄羅斯">俄羅斯</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%BE%E9%87%8C%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF%E5%85%8B" title="諾里爾斯克">諾里爾斯克</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%BF%E5%A4%A7" title="加拿大">加拿大</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A2%E5%BE%B7%E6%9F%8F%E7%AB%8B%E7%9B%86%E5%9C%B0" title="索德柏立盆地">索德柏立盆地</a>等。美國有較小的鋨礦藏。<a href="#cite_note-kirk-pt-45">[45]</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%89%8D%E5%93%A5%E5%80%AB%E5%B8%83%E6%99%82%E6%9C%9F" title="前哥倫布時期">前哥倫布時期</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%A5%E5%80%AB%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="哥倫比亞">哥倫比亞</a><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%94%E7%A7%91%E7%9C%81" title="乔科省">喬科省</a>居民所用的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%96%E7%A9%8D%E5%B1%A4" title="沖積層">沖積層</a>礦藏至今仍是鉑系元素的一大來源。第二大的沖積層礦藏位於俄羅斯<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E6%8B%89%E5%B0%94%E5%B1%B1%E8%84%89" title="乌拉尔山脉">烏拉爾山脈</a>。<a href="#cite_note-USGS-YB-2006-42">[42]</a><a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="生產">生產</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%94%87&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：生產">编辑</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Osmium_cluster.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Osmium_cluster.jpg/220px-Osmium_cluster.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="202" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Osmium_cluster.jpg/330px-Osmium_cluster.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Osmium_cluster.jpg/440px-Osmium_cluster.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2060" data-file-height="1892" /></a><figcaption>由化学气相传输法長成的鋨晶體</figcaption></figure> 鋨是<a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="鎳">鎳</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%85" class="mw-redirect" title="銅">銅</a>開採和提煉過程的副產品。在鎳和銅的電解精煉過程中，金、銀等貴金屬、鉑系元素以及<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%92" title="硒">硒</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B2" title="碲">碲</a>等非金屬元素都會積聚在正電極上。<a href="#cite_note-usgs2008-summary-47">[47]</a><a href="#cite_note-MinYb2006-48">[48]</a>這一泥狀物質要進入溶液才可把其中的金屬分離出來。具體方法取決於混合物的成份，但主要有兩種：加入<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%8E%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E9%88%89" class="mw-redirect" title="過氧化鈉">過氧化鈉</a>後溶於<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E6%B0%B4" title="王水">王水</a>，或直接溶於<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF" title="氯">氯</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AB%E6%B0%AF%E9%85%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="氫氯酸">氫氯酸</a>的混合溶液。<a href="#cite_note-kirk-pt-45">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-ullmann-pt-49">[49]</a>鋨、釕、銠和銥不可溶於王水，可從鉑、金等金屬分離開來。銠與熔化的<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB%E9%85%B8%E6%B0%A2%E9%92%A0" title="硫酸氢钠">硫酸氫鈉</a>反應後會再分離出來。剩餘的物質中含有釕、鋨和銥，其中銥不可溶於<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E9%92%A0" title="氧化钠">氧化鈉</a>。加入氧化鈉會產生水溶的釕鹽和鋨鹽，而在氧化後，這些鹽會變成揮發性的RuO 4和OsO 4。氯化銨可將前者沉澱為(NH4)3RuCl6。 溶解後的鋨要從其他鉑系元素中分離出來。分離方法包括蒸餾法和用適當的有機溶劑把四氧化鋨提取出來。<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a>特南特和沃拉斯頓所用的方法類似於前者。兩種方法所得出的產物與氫進行還原反應，產生粉狀或海綿狀鋨粉末，再經<a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%89%E6%9C%AB%E5%86%B6%E9%87%91" title="粉末冶金">粉末冶金</a>手法進行加工。<a href="#cite_note-51">[51]</a> 鋨生產商和<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%B0%E8%B3%AA%E8%AA%BF%E6%9F%A5%E5%B1%80" title="美國地質調查局">美國地質調查局</a>都沒有公佈鋨的產量數據。1971年發佈的數字當中，<a href="#cite_note-Appraisal-52">[52]</a>單在美國的消耗量共有2000<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E8%A1%A1%E7%9B%8E%E5%8F%B8" title="金衡盎司">金衡盎司</a>（62公斤），意味著產量低於每年1噸。2012年美國鋨產量的估值為75公斤。<a href="#cite_note-53">[53]</a> 鋨一般以99%或更高纯度的粉末的形式出售。鋨的量度單位可以採用<a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E8%A1%A1%E5%88%B6" title="金衡制">金衡制</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%88%B6" title="公制">公制</a>。2012年鋨的價格約為每金衡盎司400美元（每克13美元）。<a href="#cite_note-54">[54]</a><a href="#cite_note-55">[55]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="應用">應用</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%94%87&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：應用">编辑</a>]</div> 由於鋨的氧化物具有高揮發性和高毒性，而鋨金屬容易形成氧化物，所以其金屬態的應用很少。人們一般使用的是耐用性很強的鋨合金。銥鋨合金非常堅硬，可同其他鉑系金屬用於製造需耐用的<a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%BC%E7%AD%86" title="鋼筆">鋼筆</a>筆頭、機器樞軸及電觸頭等。1945年至1955年左右的<a href="/wiki/%E7%95%99%E8%81%B2%E6%A9%9F" title="留聲機">留聲機</a>唱針頭也含有銥鋨合金。雖然鋨合金比鋼和鉻耐用，但是卻遠比<a href="/wiki/%E8%97%8D%E5%AF%B6%E7%9F%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="藍寶石">藍寶石</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%91%BD%E7%9F%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="鑽石">鑽石</a>遜色，因此最終被淘汰了。<a href="#cite_note-56">[56]</a> <a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E9%94%87" title="四氧化锇">四氧化鋨</a>可用於<a href="/wiki/%E6%8C%87%E7%B4%8B" title="指紋">指紋</a>識別，<a href="#cite_note-57">[57]</a>以及在光學和<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E9%A1%AF%E5%BE%AE%E9%8F%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="電子顯微鏡">電子顯微鏡</a>照相中對<a href="/wiki/%E8%84%82" class="mw-redirect" title="脂">脂</a>組織進行<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%93%E8%89%B2_(%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%B8)" title="染色 (生物學)">染色</a>。四氧化鋨的氧化性很強，所以能與未飽和碳﹣碳鍵反應，從而連接油脂。因此在染色的同時，它還會固定生物膜。鋨原子的電子密度極高，在<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%8F%E5%B0%84%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E9%A1%AF%E5%BE%AE%E9%8F%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="透射電子顯微鏡">透射電子顯微鏡</a>（TEM）下能大大提高對比度。未經處理的碳物質在TEM下的對比度很低（見圖）。<a href="#cite_note-Bozzola-24">[24]</a>鐵氰化鋨（OsFeCN）也有染色兼固定的性質。<a href="#cite_note-58">[58]</a> 四氧化鋨和鋨酸鉀是化學合成過程中重要的氧化劑，但都是劇毒。<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%8F%E6%99%AE%E8%8E%B1%E6%96%AF%E4%B8%8D%E5%AF%B9%E7%A7%B0%E5%8F%8C%E7%BE%9F%E5%9F%BA%E5%8C%96%E5%8F%8D%E5%BA%94" title="夏普莱斯不对称双羟基化反应">夏普萊斯不對稱雙羥基化反應</a>中，鋨酸將<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%99%E9%8D%B5" title="雙鍵">雙鍵</a>轉換為鄰<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E9%86%87" class="mw-redirect" title="二醇">二醇</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E9%87%8C%C2%B7%E5%A4%8F%E6%99%AE%E8%90%8A%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="巴里·夏普萊斯">巴里·夏普萊斯</a>因這一發現而在2001年獲得<a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%BE%E8%B2%9D%E7%88%BE%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E7%8D%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="諾貝爾化學獎">諾貝爾化學獎</a>。<a href="#cite_note-59">[59]</a><a href="#cite_note-60">[60]</a>OsO4非常昂貴，所以化學家一般改用KMnO4。雖然產量會降低，但後者的價格遠沒有鋨高。<a href="#cite_note-61">[61]</a> 1898年，<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E5%9C%B0%E5%88%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="奧地利">奧地利</a>化學家<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%A1%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E5%A5%A7%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E9%A6%AE%C2%B7%E5%A8%81%E7%88%BE%E6%96%AF%E5%B7%B4%E8%B5%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="卡爾·奧爾·馮·威爾斯巴赫（页面不存在）">卡爾·奧爾·馮·威爾斯巴赫</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Auer_von_Welsbach" class="extiw" title="en:Carl Auer von Welsbach">Carl Auer von Welsbach</a>）發明了用鋨作為燈絲的電燈，並在1902年推出市場。不過，<a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="鎢">鎢</a>的熔點是所有金屬中最高的，用於電燈時還能增加光效和延長燈泡壽命，所以在幾年後就把鋨淘汰了。<a href="#cite_note-griffith-37">[37]</a> 和<a href="/wiki/%E9%88%80" class="mw-redirect" title="鈀">鈀</a>相似，鋨粉末可有效吸收氫原子，因此有潛力作金屬氫化物電池電極。不過鋨價格高昂，而且會與氫氧化鉀（最常用的電池電解質）反應。<a href="#cite_note-62">[62]</a> 鋨的<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%AB%E5%A4%96%E7%B7%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="紫外線">紫外線</a>反射率很高：鋨對600 <a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83" class="mw-redirect" title="埃">Å</a>波長的反射率是金的兩倍。<a href="#cite_note-63">[63]</a>鋨因此被用於大小有限的太空<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%AB%E5%A4%96%EF%BC%8D%E5%8F%AF%E8%A7%81%E5%88%86%E5%85%89%E5%85%89%E5%BA%A6%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="紫外－可见分光光度法">紫外光譜儀</a>。多個<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E7%A9%BA%E7%A9%BF%E6%A2%AD%E6%A9%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="太空穿梭機">太空穿梭機</a>任務曾搭載鍍鋨鏡子進入太空，但不久後人們發現<a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%91%E5%9C%B0%E8%BB%8C%E9%81%93" class="mw-redirect" title="近地軌道">近地軌道</a>中的氧自由基足以破壞鋨塗層。<a href="#cite_note-64">[64]</a> <a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E5%A0%AA%E7%9A%84%E7%B4%8D%E7%B6%AD%E4%BA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="斯堪的納維亞">斯堪的納維亞</a>的某些醫院在對<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B3%E8%8A%82%E7%82%8E" title="关节炎">關節炎</a>病人進行滑膜切除術時，<a href="#cite_note-65">[65]</a>需病人服食四氧化鋨（OsO4）。雖然四氧化鋨有毒，但並沒有病人長期副作用的報告，因此某些鋨化合物可能可以和生物體相容。2011年，科學家宣稱鋨(VI)<a href="#cite_note-66">[66]</a>和鋨(II)<a href="#cite_note-67">[67]</a>化合物在活體內有抗癌的作用，且有潛力作抗癌藥物。<a href="#cite_note-68">[68]</a> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Sharpless_Dihydroxylation_Scheme.png" class="mw-file-description" title="夏普萊斯不對稱雙羥基化反應：RL=大取代基，RM=中取代基，RS=小取代基"><img alt="夏普萊斯不對稱雙羥基化反應：RL=大取代基，RM=中取代基，RS=小取代基" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Sharpless_Dihydroxylation_Scheme.png/200px-Sharpless_Dihydroxylation_Scheme.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="61" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Sharpless_Dihydroxylation_Scheme.png/300px-Sharpless_Dihydroxylation_Scheme.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Sharpless_Dihydroxylation_Scheme.png/400px-Sharpless_Dihydroxylation_Scheme.png 2x" data-file-width="1672" data-file-height="507" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">夏普萊斯不對稱雙羥基化反應：RL=大取代基，RM=中取代基，RS=小取代基</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><a href="/wiki/File:NASAmirroroxidation.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="鋨、銀和金製鏡子在太空任務之後因氧化而變黑[69][70]"><img alt="鋨、銀和金製鏡子在太空任務之後因氧化而變黑[69][70]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/NASAmirroroxidation.jpg/123px-NASAmirroroxidation.jpg" decoding="async" width="123" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/NASAmirroroxidation.jpg/185px-NASAmirroroxidation.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/NASAmirroroxidation.jpg/246px-NASAmirroroxidation.jpg 2x" data-file-width="370" data-file-height="600" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">鋨、銀和金製鏡子在太空任務之後因氧化而變黑<a href="#cite_note-69">[69]</a><a href="#cite_note-70">[70]</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="安全">安全</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%94%87&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：安全">编辑</a>]</div> 鋨金屬粉末可<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%87%83" title="自燃">自燃</a>。<a href="#cite_note-Appraisal-52">[52]</a>鋨在室溫下會和空氣中的氧反應，形成揮發性四氧化鋨。某些鋨化合物在有氧環境下也會轉變成四氧化鋨。<a href="#cite_note-Appraisal-52">[52]</a> <a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E9%94%87" title="四氧化锇">四氧化鋨</a>的揮發性很高，能輕易穿透皮膚，且經吸入、進食和皮膚接觸後都是毒物。<a href="#cite_note-ToxOs-71">[71]</a>如果空氣中含有低濃度四氧化鋨，會造成<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%BA" title="肺">肺</a>淤血及<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E9%A1%9E%E7%9A%AE%E8%86%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="人類皮膚">皮膚</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E7%9C%BC" title="人眼">眼部</a>損害，因此四氧化鋨必須在<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E9%A2%A8%E6%AB%83" class="mw-redirect" title="通風櫃">通風櫃</a>內處理。<a href="#cite_note-mager-20">[20]</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%9F%E7%B1%B3%E6%B2%B9" title="粟米油">粟米油</a>等含<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E5%85%83%E4%B8%8D%E9%A3%BD%E5%92%8C%E8%84%82%E8%82%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="多元不飽和脂肪">多元不飽和脂肪</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E6%B2%B9" title="植物油">植物油</a>可迅速將四氧化鋨還原成相對惰性的化合物。<a href="#cite_note-72">[72]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考資料">參考資料</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%94%87&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：參考資料">编辑</a>]</div> <div class="reflist references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-CIAAW2021-1"><a href="#cite_ref-CIAAW2021_1-0">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Prohaska, Thomas; Irrgeher, Johanna; Benefield, Jacqueline; Böhlke, John K.; Chesson, Lesley A.; Coplen, 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title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="元素周期表" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E8%A1%A8" title="元素周期表">元素周期表</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;border-width:0;"><div style="padding:0"> <table class="wraplinks" style="width: 100%;"> <tbody><tr> <td>  </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83953186"> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B1%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E" title="碱金属">IA 1</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B1%E5%9C%9F%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E" title="碱土金属">IIA 2</a> </td> <td colspan="14" style="border:none;padding:0;"> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/3%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="3族元素">IIIB 3</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/4%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="4族元素">IVB 4</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/5%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="5族元素">VB 5</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/6%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="6族元素">VIB 6</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/7%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="7族元素">VIIB 7</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/8%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="8族元素">VIIIB 8</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/9%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="9族元素">VIIIB 9</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/10%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="10族元素">VIIIB 10</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/11%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="11族元素">IB 11</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/12%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="12族元素">IIB 12</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%BC%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="硼族元素">IIIA 13</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="碳族元素">IVA 14</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AE%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="氮族元素">VA 15</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="氧族元素">VIA 16</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A4%E7%B4%A0" title="卤素">VIIA 17</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%80%E6%9C%89%E6%B0%94%E4%BD%93" title="稀有气体">VIIIA 18</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC1%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第1周期元素">1</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_reactive_nonmetal" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A2" title="氢">H</a> </td> <td colspan="30" style="border:none">  </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_noble_gas" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A6" title="氦">He</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC2%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第2周期元素">2</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%82" title="锂">Li</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali_earth" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%8D" title="铍">Be</a> </td> <td colspan="24" style="border:none">  </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_metalloid" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%BC" title="硼">B</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_reactive_nonmetal" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3" title="碳">C</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_reactive_nonmetal" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AE" title="氮">N</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_reactive_nonmetal" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7" title="氧">O</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_halogen" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%9F" title="氟">F</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_noble_gas" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%96" title="氖">Ne</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC3%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第3周期元素">3</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A0" title="钠">Na</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali_earth" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%81" title="镁">Mg</a> </td> <td colspan="24" style="border:none">  </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_post_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%9D" title="铝">Al</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_metalloid" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%85" title="硅">Si</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_reactive_nonmetal" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%B7" title="磷">P</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_reactive_nonmetal" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB" title="硫">S</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_halogen" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF" title="氯">Cl</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_noble_gas" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A9" title="氩">Ar</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC4%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第4周期元素">4</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%BE" title="钾">K</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali_earth" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%99" title="钙">Ca</a> </td> <td colspan="14" style="border:none">  </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%AA" title="钪">Sc</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%9B" title="钛">Ti</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%92" title="钒">V</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%AC" title="铬">Cr</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%B0" title="锰">Mn</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%81" title="铁">Fe</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%B4" title="钴">Co</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%8D" title="镍">Ni</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%9C" title="铜">Cu</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%8C" title="锌">Zn</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_post_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%93" title="镓">Ga</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_metalloid" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%97" title="锗">Ge</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_metalloid" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%B7" title="砷">As</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_reactive_nonmetal" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%92" title="硒">Se</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_halogen" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%B4" title="溴">Br</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_noble_gas" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AA" title="氪">Kr</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC5%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第5周期元素">5</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B7" title="铷">Rb</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali_earth" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%B6" title="锶">Sr</a> </td> <td style="border:none; width:0;padding:0;"> </td> <td colspan="13" style="border:none">  </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%87" title="钇">Y</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%86" title="锆">Zr</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%8C" title="铌">Nb</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%BC" title="钼">Mo</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%9D" title="锝">Tc</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%8C" title="钌">Ru</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%91" title="铑">Rh</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%AF" title="钯">Pd</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%80" title="銀">Ag</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%89" title="镉">Cd</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_post_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%9F" title="铟">In</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_post_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%A1" title="锡">Sn</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_metalloid" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%91" title="锑">Sb</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_metalloid" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B2" title="碲">Te</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_halogen" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%98" title="碘">I</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_noble_gas" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%99" title="氙">Xe</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC6%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第6周期元素">6</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%AF" title="铯">Cs</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali_earth" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A1" title="钡">Ba</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%A7" title="镧">La</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%88" title="铈">Ce</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%A8" title="镨">Pr</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%95" title="钕">Nd</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%B7" title="钷">Pm</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%90" title="钐">Sm</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%95" title="铕">Eu</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%86" title="钆">Gd</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%BD" title="铽">Tb</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%9D" title="镝">Dy</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%AC" title="钬">Ho</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%92" title="铒">Er</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%A5" title="铥">Tm</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%B1" title="镱">Yb</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_lanthanide" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%A5" title="镥">Lu</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%AA" title="铪">Hf</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%BD" title="钽">Ta</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A8" title="钨">W</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%BC" title="铼">Re</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Os</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B1" title="铱">Ir</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%82" title="铂">Pt</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91" title="金">Au</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9E" title="汞">Hg</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_post_transition" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%8A" title="铊">Tl</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_post_transition" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%85" title="铅">Pb</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_post_transition" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%8B" title="铋">Bi</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_post_transition" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%8B" title="钋">Po</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_metalloid" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%B9" title="砹">At</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_noble_gas" width="3.125%" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A1" title="氡">Rn</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC7%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="第7周期元素">7</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%AB" title="钫">Fr</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_alkali_earth" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%AD" title="镭">Ra</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%95" title="锕">Ac</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%8D" title="钍">Th</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%A4" title="镤">Pa</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%BE" title="鈾">U</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%8E" title="镎">Np</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%9A" title="钚">Pu</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%85" title="镅">Am</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%94" title="锔">Cm</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%AB" title="锫">Bk</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%8E" title="锎">Cf</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%BF" title="锿">Es</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%84" title="镄">Fm</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%94" title="钔">Md</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%98" title="锘">No</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_actinide" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%90%92" title="鐒">Lr</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%91%AA" title="鑪">Rf</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%A7%80" title="𨧀">Db</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%AD%8E" title="𨭎">Sg</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%A8%8F" title="𨨏">Bh</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%F0%A8%AD%86" title="𨭆">Hs</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_unknown" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%A5%91" title="䥑">Mt</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_unknown" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%90%BD" title="鐽">Ds</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_unknown" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%80" title="錀">Rg</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%B6" title="鎶">Cn</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_unknown" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%89%A8" title="鉨">Nh</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_post_transition" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%87" title="鈇">Fl</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_unknown" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%86" title="镆">Mc</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_unknown" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%89%9D" title="鉝">Lv</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_unknown" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BF%AC" title="鿬">Ts</a> </td> <td class="Yuansuzhouqibiao_unknown" style="border:none;"><a href="/wiki/%E9%BF%AB" title="鿫">Og</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="相關項目" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">相關項目</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="化學元素">化學元素</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/0%E8%99%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="0號元素">0號元素</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%A9%E5%B1%95%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E8%A1%A8" title="扩展元素周期表">扩展元素周期表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%8D%E7%B4%A0%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="同位素列表">同位素列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E7%90%83%E7%9A%84%E5%9C%B0%E6%AE%BC%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E8%B1%90%E5%BA%A6%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="地球的地殼元素豐度列表">地球的地殼元素豐度列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="元素列表">元素列表</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="锇化合物" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E9%94%87%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="Template:锇化合物"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E9%94%87%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="Template talk:锇化合物"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E9%94%87%E5%8C%96%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:锇化合物"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="锇化合物" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">锇</a>化合物</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E9%94%87" title="二氧化锇">OsO2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E9%94%87" title="四氧化锇">OsO4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E7%A2%98%E5%8C%96%E9%94%87" title="二碘化锇">OsI2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%87%E7%9A%84%E7%A2%98%E5%8C%96%E7%89%A9" title="锇的碘化物">OsIx</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%8C%E6%BA%B4%E5%8C%96%E9%94%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="二溴化锇（页面不存在）">OsBr2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E6%BA%B4%E5%8C%96%E9%94%87#相关物质" title="四溴化锇">OsBr3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E6%BA%B4%E5%8C%96%E9%94%87" title="四溴化锇">OsBr4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%AF%E5%8C%96%E9%94%87" title="二氯化锇">OsCl2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%B0%AF%E5%8C%96%E9%94%87" title="三氯化锇">OsCl3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E6%B0%AF%E5%8C%96%E9%94%87" title="四氯化锇">OsCl4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E6%B0%AF%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E9%94%87" title="四氯氧化锇">OsOCl4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E6%B0%AF%E5%8C%96%E9%94%87" title="五氯化锇">OsCl5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E6%B0%9F%E5%8C%96%E9%94%87" title="四氟化锇">OsF4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E6%B0%9F%E5%8C%96%E9%94%87" title="五氟化锇">OsF5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E6%B0%9F%E5%8C%96%E9%94%87" title="六氟化锇">OsF6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E7%A3%B7%E5%8C%96%E9%94%87" title="二磷化锇">OsP2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%BC%E5%8C%96%E9%94%87" title="硼化锇">OsBx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%87%E9%85%B8%E9%92%BE" title="锇酸钾">K 2[OsO 2(OH) 4]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E6%B0%AF%E5%90%88%E9%94%87(IV)%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5" title="六氯合锇(IV)酸铵">(NH4)2OsCl6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E6%BA%B4%E5%90%88%E9%94%87(IV)%E9%85%B8%E9%93%B5" title="六溴合锇(IV)酸铵">(NH4)2OsBr6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E7%BE%B0%E5%9F%BA%E9%94%87" title="五羰基锇">Os(CO)5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%8C%E7%BE%B0%E5%9F%BA%E4%B8%89%E9%94%87" title="十二羰基三锇">Os3(CO)12</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%81%E7%BE%B0%E5%9F%BA%E6%B0%A2%E4%B8%89%E9%94%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="十羰基氢三锇（页面不存在）">H2Os3(CO)10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3%E5%8C%96%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%94%E7%BE%B0%E5%9F%BA%E4%BA%94%E9%94%87" title="碳化十五羰基五锇">COs 5(CO) 15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E8%8C%82%E9%94%87" title="二茂锇">C10H10Os</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E7%A1%9D%E9%85%B8%E6%A0%B9%E4%BA%9A%E7%A1%9D%E5%9F%BA%E5%9B%9B%E6%B0%A8%E5%90%88%E9%94%87" title="二硝酸硝酸根亚硝基四氨合锇">[Os(NH 3) 4(NO)NO 3](NO 3) 2</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="珠寶款式、設計、材料" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E7%8F%A0%E5%AF%B6%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99" title="Template:珠寶材料"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E7%8F%A0%E5%AF%B6%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99" title="Template talk:珠寶材料"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E7%8F%A0%E5%AF%B6%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:珠寶材料"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="珠寶款式、設計、材料" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8F%A0%E5%AF%B6" title="珠寶">珠寶款式、設計、材料</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">样式</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%92%E6%8C%87" title="戒指">戒指</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%B9%E9%93%BE" title="项链">项链</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%8B%E9%95%AF" title="手镯">手镯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%80%B3%E7%92%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="耳環">耳環</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%BD%E7%AB%A0" title="徽章">徽章</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%87%E5%86%A0" title="皇冠">皇冠</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%80%80%E8%A1%A8" title="怀表">怀表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%8B%E9%95%AF" title="手镯">手鏈</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9A%AE%E5%B8%B6%E6%89%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="皮帶扣（页面不存在）">皮帶扣</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A0%98%E5%B8%B6%E5%A4%BE" title="領帶夾">領帶夾</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A2%96%E6%89%A3" title="袖扣">袖扣</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%AB%AE%E9%A3%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="髮飾（页面不存在）">髮飾</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">制作</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">工匠</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%8C%A0" title="金匠">金匠</a> · <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%93%B6%E5%8C%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="银匠（页面不存在）">银匠</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silversmith" class="extiw" title="en:Silversmith">Silversmith</a>） · <a href="/wiki/%E7%8F%A0%E5%AF%B6%E8%A8%AD%E8%A8%88" title="珠寶設計">珠寶設計师</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E9%92%9F%E8%A1%A8%E5%8C%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="钟表匠">钟表匠</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8F%A0%E5%AF%B6%E8%A8%AD%E8%A8%88" title="珠寶設計">珠寶設計</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%B8" title="鋸">鋸</a>  · <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%89%93%E7%A3%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="打磨（页面不存在）">磨</a>  · <a href="/wiki/%E7%84%8A%E6%8E%A5" title="焊接">焊</a>  · <a href="/wiki/%E9%8D%9B%E9%80%A0" title="鍛造">鍛</a>  · <a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%9B%E5%85%89" title="抛光">拋</a>  · <a href="/wiki/%E9%91%B2%E5%B5%8C%E8%97%9D%E8%A1%93" title="鑲嵌藝術">鑲</a>  · <a href="/wiki/%E9%95%80%E5%B1%82" title="镀层">鍍</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%B1%E8%9C%A1%E6%B3%95" title="失蜡法">失蜡法</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E9%91%84%E9%80%A0" title="鑄造">鑄造</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B8%E6%B8%97" title="浸渗">浸渗</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96" title="氧化">氧化</a> · <a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%95%E7%89%88" title="雕版">雕版</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">材质</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%B4%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC" title="貴金屬">貴金屬</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91" title="金">金</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%AF" title="钯">钯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%82" title="铂">铂</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%80" title="銀">銀</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%91" title="铑">铑</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B1" title="铱">铱</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">锇</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%8C" title="钌">钌</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%BC" title="铼">铼</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">貴金屬<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%88%E9%87%91" title="合金">合金</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%80%E9%87%91%E7%A4%A6" title="銀金礦">琥珀金</a>（Electrum）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%AB%E7%91%B0%E9%87%91" title="玫瑰金">玫瑰金</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E8%89%B2%E9%BB%83%E9%87%91" title="白色黃金">白色黃金</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%91%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC" title="卑金屬">卑金屬</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%9C" title="铜">铜</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A8" title="钨">钨</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%9B" title="钛">钛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%83%E9%8A%85" title="黃銅">黃銅</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%92%E9%93%9C" title="青铜">青铜</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E9%8F%BD%E9%8B%BC" title="不鏽鋼">不鏽鋼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E9%95%B4" title="白镴">白镴</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%A8%E7%9B%AE%E9%87%91" title="木目金">木目金</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">礦物<a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%B6%E7%9F%B3" title="寶石">寶石</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E8%8B%B1" title="石英">石英</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E8%8B%B1" title="石英">黃水晶</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%AB%E6%B0%B4%E6%99%B6" title="紫水晶">紫水晶</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%91%AA%E7%91%99" title="瑪瑙">瑪瑙</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BC%9F%E7%8E%9B%E7%91%99" title="缟玛瑙">縞瑪瑙</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%82%E9%87%91%E7%9F%B3" title="砂金石">砂金石</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A2%E7%8E%89%E9%AB%93" title="红玉髓">紅玉髓</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%99%8E%E7%9C%BC%E7%9F%B3" title="虎眼石">虎眼石</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%A0%E6%9F%B1%E7%9F%B3" title="綠柱石">綠柱石</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E8%93%9D%E5%AE%9D%E7%9F%B3" title="海蓝宝石">海蓝宝石</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%96%E6%AF%8D%E7%B6%A0" title="祖母綠">祖母綠</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E6%A0%B9%E7%9F%B3" title="摩根石">摩根石</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E7%BB%BF%E5%AE%9D%E7%9F%B3" title="金绿宝石">金绿宝石</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%8A%E7%9F%B3" title="變石">變石</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%BB%E7%9F%B3" title="钻石">钻石</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%89%E7%9F%B3" title="辉石">辉石</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%8F%E8%BC%9D%E7%9F%B3" title="透輝石">透辉石</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BF%A1%E7%BF%A0" title="翡翠">翡翠</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E6%A6%B4%E7%9F%B3" title="石榴石">石榴石</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%B3%E9%8B%81%E6%A6%B4%E7%9F%B3" title="錳鋁榴石">芬達石</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E5%BC%97%E4%BE%86%E7%9F%B3" title="沙弗來石">沙弗來石</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%B5%E6%A6%B4%E7%9F%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="贵榴石">贵榴石</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%89" title="玉">玉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%A7%E7%8E%89" title="碧玉">碧玉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%94%E9%9B%80%E7%9F%B3" title="孔雀石">孔雀石</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%92%E9%87%91%E7%9F%B3" title="青金石">青金石</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%91%E6%9B%9C%E5%B2%A9" title="黑曜岩">黑曜石</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD%E7%9F%B3" title="蛋白石">蛋白石</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A9%84%E6%A6%84%E7%9F%B3" title="橄榄石">翠綠橄欖石</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%89%9B%E7%8E%89" title="剛玉">剛玉</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A2%E5%AE%9D%E7%9F%B3" title="红宝石">红宝石</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%93%9D%E5%AE%9D%E7%9F%B3" title="蓝宝石">蓝宝石</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B9%E9%92%A0%E7%9F%B3" title="方钠石">方钠石</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%BF%E7%9F%B3" title="长石">长石</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E7%9F%B3" title="太阳石">太阳石</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%88%E5%85%89%E7%9F%B3" title="月光石">月光石</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E9%95%BF%E7%9F%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="拉长石">拉长石</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E6%B2%B3%E7%9F%B3" title="天河石">天河石</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9D%A6%E6%A1%91%E7%9F%B3" title="坦桑石">坦桑石</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E7%8E%89" title="黄玉">黄玉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%BF%E6%9D%BE%E7%9F%B3" title="绿松石">绿松石</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E6%B0%A3%E7%9F%B3" title="電氣石">電氣石</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%AF%E7%9F%B3" title="鋯石">鋯石</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%B7%E5%8F%B6%E7%9F%B3" title="磷叶石">磷叶石</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A6%8D%E7%9F%B3" title="榍石">榍石</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%96%E6%99%B6%E7%9F%B3" title="尖晶石">尖晶石</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BA%A8%E8%93%8B%E5%B0%96%E6%99%B6" title="馬亨蓋尖晶">馬亨蓋尖晶</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">有機寶石</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%90%A5%E7%8F%80" title="琥珀">琥珀</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%AF%E5%B7%B4%E8%84%82" title="柯巴脂">柯巴脂</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%85%E7%8F%8A%E7%91%9A" title="紅珊瑚">貴珊瑚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%91%E5%BD%A9%E7%9F%B3" title="斑彩石">斑彩石</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8F%8D%E7%8F%A0" title="珍珠">珍珠</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8F%8D%E7%8F%A0%E6%AF%8D" title="珍珠母">珍珠母</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B1%A1%E7%89%99" title="象牙">象牙</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%A8%E7%A3%B2%E4%BA%9E%E7%A7%91" title="硨磲亞科">硨磲</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%B3%E7%91%81_(%E5%AE%9D%E7%9F%B3)" title="玳瑁 (宝石)">玳瑁</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%85%A4%E7%B2%BE" title="煤精">煤玉</a>（Jet）</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他自然物</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B2%BC%E6%9C%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="沼木（页面不存在）">沼木</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bog-wood" class="extiw" title="en:Bog-wood">Bog-wood</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%91%E9%A5%B0(%E7%8F%A0%E5%AF%B6)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="发饰(珠寶)（页面不存在）">发饰(珠寶)</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hair_jewellery" class="extiw" title="en:Hair jewellery">Hair jewellery</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B4%9D%E9%A5%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="贝饰（页面不存在）">贝饰</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shell_jewelry" class="extiw" title="en:Shell jewelry">Shell jewelry</a>）</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%9F%BE%E8%9C%8D%E7%9F%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="蟾蜍石（页面不存在）">蟾蜍石</a>（英语：<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toadstone" class="extiw" title="en:Toadstone">Toadstone</a>）</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">术语</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E6%8B%89" title="克拉">克拉</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:%E8%A7%84%E8%8C%83%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6" title="Help:规范控制">规范控制数据库</a>：各地 <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q751#identifiers" title="編輯維基數據鏈接"><img alt="編輯維基數據鏈接" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4172906-7">德国</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007553481505171">以色列</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85095926">美国</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00568958">日本</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">检索自“<a dir="ltr" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=锇&oldid=83748724">https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=锇&oldid=83748724</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB" title="Special:页面分类">分类</a>：<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E9%94%87" title="Category:锇">锇</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="Category:化学元素">化学元素</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E7%AC%AC6%E5%91%A8%E6%9C%9F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="Category:第6周期元素">第6周期元素</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E8%BF%87%E6%B8%A1%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E" title="Category:过渡金属">过渡金属</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E7%A8%80%E6%9C%89%E9%87%91%E5%B1%9E" title="Category:稀有金属">稀有金属</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E8%B2%B4%E9%87%91%E5%B1%AC" title="Category:貴金屬">貴金屬</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0%E7%A4%A6%E7%89%A9" title="Category:自然元素礦物">自然元素礦物</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E9%93%82%E6%97%8F%E5%85%83%E7%B4%A0" title="Category:铂族元素">铂族元素</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">隐藏分类：<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1%E8%8B%B1%E8%AF%AD%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90_(en)" title="Category:CS1英语来源 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