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id="toc-Large_scale_manufacturers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Large_scale_manufacturers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Large scale manufacturers</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Large_scale_manufacturers-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Large scale manufacturers subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Large_scale_manufacturers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Current" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Current"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Current</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Current-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bustech" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bustech"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.1</span> <span>Bustech</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bustech-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Denning_Manufacturing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Denning_Manufacturing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.2</span> <span>Denning Manufacturing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Denning_Manufacturing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Iveco" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Iveco"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.3</span> <span>Iveco</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Iveco-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kenworth" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kenworth"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.4</span> <span>Kenworth</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kenworth-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mack" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mack"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.5</span> <span>Mack</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mack-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Volvo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Volvo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.6</span> <span>Volvo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Volvo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Previous" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Previous"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Previous</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Previous-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Australian_Motor_Industries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Australian_Motor_Industries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.1</span> <span>Australian Motor Industries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Australian_Motor_Industries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-British_Leyland" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#British_Leyland"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.2</span> <span>British Leyland</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-British_Leyland-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chrysler_Australia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chrysler_Australia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.3</span> <span>Chrysler Australia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chrysler_Australia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ford_Australia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ford_Australia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.4</span> <span>Ford Australia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ford_Australia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Holden" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Holden"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.5</span> <span>Holden</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Holden-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Leader_Trucks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Leader_Trucks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.6</span> <span>Leader Trucks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Leader_Trucks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mitsubishi_Motors_Australia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mitsubishi_Motors_Australia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.7</span> <span>Mitsubishi Motors Australia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mitsubishi_Motors_Australia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nissan_Australia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nissan_Australia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.8</span> <span>Nissan Australia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nissan_Australia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Renault_Australia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Renault_Australia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.9</span> <span>Renault Australia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Renault_Australia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rootes_Australia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rootes_Australia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.10</span> <span>Rootes Australia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rootes_Australia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Toyota_Australia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Toyota_Australia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.11</span> <span>Toyota Australia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Toyota_Australia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Volkswagen_Australia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Volkswagen_Australia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.12</span> <span>Volkswagen Australia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Volkswagen_Australia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Western_Star" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Western_Star"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.13</span> <span>Western Star</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Western_Star-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Small-scale_producers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Small-scale_producers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Small-scale producers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Small-scale_producers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tuning_companies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tuning_companies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Tuning companies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tuning_companies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Past_tuning_companies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Past_tuning_companies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Past tuning companies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Past_tuning_companies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Car making industry in Australia</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ABS-9314.0-SalesNewMotorVehiclesAustralia-NewMotorVehiclesSalesByTypeAllSeries-Aust-TotalVehicles-A367304A.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/ABS-9314.0-SalesNewMotorVehiclesAustralia-NewMotorVehiclesSalesByTypeAllSeries-Aust-TotalVehicles-A367304A.svg/400px-ABS-9314.0-SalesNewMotorVehiclesAustralia-NewMotorVehiclesSalesByTypeAllSeries-Aust-TotalVehicles-A367304A.svg.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="266" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/ABS-9314.0-SalesNewMotorVehiclesAustralia-NewMotorVehiclesSalesByTypeAllSeries-Aust-TotalVehicles-A367304A.svg/600px-ABS-9314.0-SalesNewMotorVehiclesAustralia-NewMotorVehiclesSalesByTypeAllSeries-Aust-TotalVehicles-A367304A.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/ABS-9314.0-SalesNewMotorVehiclesAustralia-NewMotorVehiclesSalesByTypeAllSeries-Aust-TotalVehicles-A367304A.svg/800px-ABS-9314.0-SalesNewMotorVehiclesAustralia-NewMotorVehiclesSalesByTypeAllSeries-Aust-TotalVehicles-A367304A.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a><figcaption>Monthly domestic sales of new motor vehicles</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ABS-5368.0-InternationalTradeInGoodsServicesAustralia-MerchandiseExportsBroadEconomicCategoryFobValue-PassengerMotorCarsExclPartsAccessories-A1829275A.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/ABS-5368.0-InternationalTradeInGoodsServicesAustralia-MerchandiseExportsBroadEconomicCategoryFobValue-PassengerMotorCarsExclPartsAccessories-A1829275A.svg/400px-ABS-5368.0-InternationalTradeInGoodsServicesAustralia-MerchandiseExportsBroadEconomicCategoryFobValue-PassengerMotorCarsExclPartsAccessories-A1829275A.svg.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="266" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/ABS-5368.0-InternationalTradeInGoodsServicesAustralia-MerchandiseExportsBroadEconomicCategoryFobValue-PassengerMotorCarsExclPartsAccessories-A1829275A.svg/600px-ABS-5368.0-InternationalTradeInGoodsServicesAustralia-MerchandiseExportsBroadEconomicCategoryFobValue-PassengerMotorCarsExclPartsAccessories-A1829275A.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/ABS-5368.0-InternationalTradeInGoodsServicesAustralia-MerchandiseExportsBroadEconomicCategoryFobValue-PassengerMotorCarsExclPartsAccessories-A1829275A.svg/800px-ABS-5368.0-InternationalTradeInGoodsServicesAustralia-MerchandiseExportsBroadEconomicCategoryFobValue-PassengerMotorCarsExclPartsAccessories-A1829275A.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a><figcaption>Monthly value of motor vehicle exports since 1988 ($millions)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Australian_large_car_sales_1991_onwards.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Australian_large_car_sales_1991_onwards.png/400px-Australian_large_car_sales_1991_onwards.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/Australian_large_car_sales_1991_onwards.png 1.5x" data-file-width="541" data-file-height="446" /></a><figcaption>Graph of large car sales in Australia since 1991</figcaption></figure> <p>A substantial car industry was created in Australia in the 20th century through the opening of Australian plants by international manufacturers. The first major carmaker was <a href="/wiki/Ford_Australia" title="Ford Australia">Ford Australia</a> and the first Australian-designed mass production car was manufactured by <a href="/wiki/Holden" title="Holden">Holden</a> in 1948. Australian manufacture of cars rose to a maximum of almost half a million in the 1970s (10th <a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_motor_vehicle_production" title="List of countries by motor vehicle production">place in the World</a>) and still exceeded 400,000 in 2004.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Australia was best known for the design and production of 'large' sized passenger vehicles.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 2009 total production had fallen to around 175,000 and the Australian market was dominated by cars imported from Asia and Europe. </p><p>As of 2015, Australian-designed cars were manufactured by <a href="/wiki/General_Motors" title="General Motors">General Motors</a> subsidiary Holden, and Ford Australia, while <a href="/wiki/Toyota_Australia" title="Toyota Australia">Toyota Australia</a> manufactured local variants of its international models, particularly the <a href="/wiki/Toyota_Camry" title="Toyota Camry">Camry</a>. However, the Ford Australia engine and vehicle plants closed in October 2016 and the Holden and Toyota Australia factories closed in late 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Only Ford's design and development facilities remain in operation, leaving Australia as one of 13 countries with the capabilities to design and develop mass market cars from scratch.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2020, Holden has been shuttered and will no longer be sold as a GM brand. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automotive_industry_in_Australia&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:458px;max-width:458px"><div class="trow"><div class="theader" style="text-align:center">The value of monthly vehicle imports (<a href="/wiki/Australian_dollar" title="Australian dollar">$millions</a>) since 1988</div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:227px;max-width:227px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ABS-5439.0-InternationalMerchandiseImportsAustralia-StandardInternationalTradeClassificationCustomsValue-782MotorVehiclesForTransportGoodsSpecialPurposeMotorVehicles-A1828942A.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/ABS-5439.0-InternationalMerchandiseImportsAustralia-StandardInternationalTradeClassificationCustomsValue-782MotorVehiclesForTransportGoodsSpecialPurposeMotorVehicles-A1828942A.svg/225px-thumbnail.svg.png" decoding="async" width="225" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/ABS-5439.0-InternationalMerchandiseImportsAustralia-StandardInternationalTradeClassificationCustomsValue-782MotorVehiclesForTransportGoodsSpecialPurposeMotorVehicles-A1828942A.svg/338px-thumbnail.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/ABS-5439.0-InternationalMerchandiseImportsAustralia-StandardInternationalTradeClassificationCustomsValue-782MotorVehiclesForTransportGoodsSpecialPurposeMotorVehicles-A1828942A.svg/450px-thumbnail.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Transportation and special purpose vehicles</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:227px;max-width:227px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ABS-5368.0-InternationalTradeInGoodsServicesAustralia-MerchandiseImportsBalancePaymentsBroadEconomicCategoryCustomsValue-PassengerMotorVehicles-A1829736F.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/ABS-5368.0-InternationalTradeInGoodsServicesAustralia-MerchandiseImportsBalancePaymentsBroadEconomicCategoryCustomsValue-PassengerMotorVehicles-A1829736F.svg/225px-ABS-5368.0-InternationalTradeInGoodsServicesAustralia-MerchandiseImportsBalancePaymentsBroadEconomicCategoryCustomsValue-PassengerMotorVehicles-A1829736F.svg.png" decoding="async" width="225" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/ABS-5368.0-InternationalTradeInGoodsServicesAustralia-MerchandiseImportsBalancePaymentsBroadEconomicCategoryCustomsValue-PassengerMotorVehicles-A1829736F.svg/338px-ABS-5368.0-InternationalTradeInGoodsServicesAustralia-MerchandiseImportsBalancePaymentsBroadEconomicCategoryCustomsValue-PassengerMotorVehicles-A1829736F.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/ABS-5368.0-InternationalTradeInGoodsServicesAustralia-MerchandiseImportsBalancePaymentsBroadEconomicCategoryCustomsValue-PassengerMotorVehicles-A1829736F.svg/450px-ABS-5368.0-InternationalTradeInGoodsServicesAustralia-MerchandiseImportsBalancePaymentsBroadEconomicCategoryCustomsValue-PassengerMotorVehicles-A1829736F.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Passenger vehicles</div></div></div></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:312px;max-width:312px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="margin-right:20px;width:142px;max-width:142px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:108px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:TModel_launch_Geelong.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Ford Model T launch in Geelong" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/TModel_launch_Geelong.jpg/140px-TModel_launch_Geelong.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/TModel_launch_Geelong.jpg/210px-TModel_launch_Geelong.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/TModel_launch_Geelong.jpg/280px-TModel_launch_Geelong.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3954" data-file-height="3073" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Ford_Model_T" title="Ford Model T">Ford Model T</a> parked outside the <a href="/wiki/Geelong" title="Geelong">Geelong</a> Library at its launch in Australia in 1925</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:147px;max-width:147px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:108px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ford_geelong_construction.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Ford assembly line under construction in Geelong" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Ford_geelong_construction.jpg/145px-Ford_geelong_construction.jpg" decoding="async" width="145" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Ford_geelong_construction.jpg/218px-Ford_geelong_construction.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Ford_geelong_construction.jpg/290px-Ford_geelong_construction.jpg 2x" data-file-width="608" data-file-height="456" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Ford Australia plant under construction in <a href="/wiki/Geelong" title="Geelong">Geelong</a> in 1926</div></div></div></div></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NAA_A1200_L84254_Ben_Chifley_at_the_launching_of_the_first_mass-produced_Australian_car_1948.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/NAA_A1200_L84254_Ben_Chifley_at_the_launching_of_the_first_mass-produced_Australian_car_1948.jpg/220px-NAA_A1200_L84254_Ben_Chifley_at_the_launching_of_the_first_mass-produced_Australian_car_1948.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/NAA_A1200_L84254_Ben_Chifley_at_the_launching_of_the_first_mass-produced_Australian_car_1948.jpg/330px-NAA_A1200_L84254_Ben_Chifley_at_the_launching_of_the_first_mass-produced_Australian_car_1948.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/NAA_A1200_L84254_Ben_Chifley_at_the_launching_of_the_first_mass-produced_Australian_car_1948.jpg/440px-NAA_A1200_L84254_Ben_Chifley_at_the_launching_of_the_first_mass-produced_Australian_car_1948.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="564" /></a><figcaption>Labor PM <a href="/wiki/Ben_Chifley" title="Ben Chifley">Ben Chifley</a> at the launching of the Holden 48-215 on 29 November 1948.</figcaption></figure> <p>Australian constructors were very active at the very beginning of both car and aircraft development and in some areas, ahead of their overseas counterparts. Due to the isolation of Australia, it was more practical for Australia to make their own cars.<sup id="cite_ref-austehc.unimelb.edu.au_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-austehc.unimelb.edu.au-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Highland_(automobile)" title="Highland (automobile)">Highland</a> was one of the first types of <a href="/wiki/Automobiles" class="mw-redirect" title="Automobiles">automobiles</a> to be offered for sale in <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>, firstly in 1894 as a primitive motorised <a href="/wiki/Tricycle" title="Tricycle">tricycle</a>, then two years later as a four-wheeled, two-seater vehicle using bicycle components.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first true cars made in Australia were <a href="/wiki/Steam_car" title="Steam car">steam cars</a>. The first of these steam cars, the <i>Phaeton</i>, was made in 1896 by Herbert Thomson and Edward Holmes of <a href="/wiki/Armadale,_Victoria" title="Armadale, Victoria">Armadale, Melbourne</a>. It was exhibited in 1900 using the first <a href="/wiki/Tire" title="Tire">pneumatic tyres</a> made in Australia by <a href="/wiki/Dunlop_Tyres" title="Dunlop Tyres">Dunlop</a>. The 5 <a href="/wiki/Horsepower" title="Horsepower">horsepower</a> single cylinder steam carriage which is now in the Institute of Applied Sciences, <a href="/wiki/Melbourne" title="Melbourne">Melbourne</a>, was reliable and durable enough to take Thomson and a friend 493 miles from <a href="/wiki/Bathurst,_New_South_Wales" title="Bathurst, New South Wales">Bathurst</a> to <a href="/wiki/Melbourne" title="Melbourne">Melbourne</a> at an average speed of 8.7 mp/h.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1900 <a href="/wiki/Hammer_(1900_automobile)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hammer (1900 automobile)">Bruno Hammer</a> built a one off automobile in Mount Torrens, South Australia.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1901 Harley Tarrant produced the first <a href="/wiki/Tarrant_automobile" title="Tarrant automobile">Tarrant automobile</a>, which was the first petrol-driven car built entirely in Australia in a small workshop in <a href="/wiki/Melbourne" title="Melbourne">Melbourne</a>. Before that, Tarrant had been using the shop to build engines. Tarrant was joined in this endeavour by bicycle maker, Howard Lewis. The car was powered by a rear-mounted 6 hp Benz engine. This car was followed by many improved designs, including the first fully enclosed car body made in Australia. Later models included locally produced components including: engines, gearboxes and rear axles.<sup id="cite_ref-austehc.unimelb.edu.au_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-austehc.unimelb.edu.au-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The sole surviving Tarrant is on display at the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Automobile_Club_of_Victoria" title="Royal Automobile Club of Victoria">RACV</a> City Club, on the chancery level. </p><p>In 1903, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Australian_Motoring_Association&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Australian Motoring Association (page does not exist)">Australian Motoring Association</a> was formed in <a href="/wiki/New_South_Wales" title="New South Wales">New South Wales</a>, South Australia and <a href="/wiki/Victoria_(Australia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Victoria (Australia)">Victoria</a> to protect the interests of motorists. In 1924, this was followed by the <a href="/wiki/Australian_Automobile_Association" title="Australian Automobile Association">Australian Automobile Association</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-austehc.unimelb.edu.au_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-austehc.unimelb.edu.au-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 31 March 1925, Ford announced that its Australian headquarters were to be at <a href="/wiki/Geelong" title="Geelong">Geelong</a>, <a href="/wiki/Victoria,_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Victoria, Australia">Victoria</a>. The first Australian-built Ford was a <a href="/wiki/Ford_Model_T" title="Ford Model T">Model T</a> launched in June 1925. </p><p>Tyre manufacture also existed in Australia. However, the last tyre factory closed in April 2010 when <a href="/wiki/Bridgestone" title="Bridgestone">Bridgestone</a> ceased production.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historical_data">Historical data</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automotive_industry_in_Australia&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Historical data"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Historical_production">Historical production</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automotive_industry_in_Australia&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Historical production"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th style="width:3%; text-align:center; background:#efefef;">Year </th> <th style="width:5%; text-align:center; background:#efefef;">Production </th> <th colspan="10" style="width:18.4%; text-align:left; background:#efefef;" class="unsortable">0        </th> <th colspan="10" style="width:18.4%; text-align:left; background:#efefef;" class="unsortable">100        </th> <th colspan="10" style="width:18.4%; text-align:left; background:#efefef;" class="unsortable">200        </th> <th colspan="10" style="width:18.4%; text-align:left; background:#efefef;" class="unsortable">300        </th> <th colspan="10" style="width:18.4%; text-align:left; background:#efefef;" class="unsortable">400        </th></tr> <tr align="center"> <td style="background:silver;">1950</td> <td>58,000</td> <td colspan="6" style="background:#bf535a;"> </td> <td colspan="44" style="background:#efefef;"> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td style="background:silver;">1960</td> <td>204,000</td> <td colspan="20" style="background:#bf535a;"> </td> <td colspan="30" style="background:#efefef;"> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td style="background:silver;">1970</td> <td>475,000</td> <td colspan="48" style="background:#bf535a;"> </td> <td colspan="2" style="background:#efefef;"> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td style="background:silver;">1980</td> <td>361,000</td> <td colspan="36" style="background:#bf535a;"> </td> <td colspan="14" style="background:#efefef;"> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td style="background:silver;">2000</td> <td>347,122</td> <td colspan="35" style="background:#bf535a;"> </td> <td colspan="15" style="background:#efefef;"> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td style="background:silver;">2005</td> <td>388,985</td> <td colspan="39" style="background:#bf535a;"> </td> <td colspan="11" style="background:#efefef;"> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td style="background:silver;">2006</td> <td>326,000</td> <td colspan="33" style="background:#bf535a;"> </td> <td colspan="18" style="background:#efefef;"> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td style="background:silver;">2007</td> <td>334,772</td> <td colspan="33" style="background:#bf535a;"> </td> <td colspan="17" style="background:#efefef;"> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td style="background:silver;">2008</td> <td>324,118</td> <td colspan="32" style="background:#bf535a;"> </td> <td colspan="18" style="background:#efefef;"> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td style="background:silver;">2009</td> <td>223,354</td> <td colspan="22" style="background:#bf535a;"> </td> <td colspan="28" style="background:#efefef;"> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td style="background:silver;">2010</td> <td>239,443</td> <td colspan="24" style="background:#bf535a;"> </td> <td colspan="26" style="background:#efefef;"> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td style="background:silver;">2011</td> <td>219,376</td> <td colspan="22" style="background:#bf535a;"> </td> <td colspan="28" style="background:#efefef;"> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td style="background:silver;">2012</td> <td>221,224</td> <td colspan="22" style="background:#bf535a;"> </td> <td colspan="27" style="background:#efefef;"> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td style="background:silver;">2013</td> <td>210,538</td> <td colspan="21" style="background:#bf535a;"> </td> <td colspan="28" style="background:#efefef;"> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td style="background:silver;">2014</td> <td>174,986</td> <td colspan="17" style="background:#bf535a;"> </td> <td colspan="32" style="background:#efefef;"> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td style="background:silver;">2015</td> <td>167,538</td> <td colspan="17" style="background:#bf535a;"> </td> <td colspan="32" style="background:#efefef;"> </td></tr> <tr align="center"> <td style="background:silver;">2016</td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i>Source:,<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/OICA" class="mw-redirect" title="OICA">OICA</a></i> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Historical_sales">Historical sales</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automotive_industry_in_Australia&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Historical sales"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; width:98%; font-size:80%;" align="left"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="11"><span class="anchor" id="top10models"></span> <span style="font-size:120%">Top 10 best-selling models in Australia (new passenger and commercial vehicles), 1977–2020</span><br />Source : BSCB<sup id="cite_ref-Australia_annual_car_sales_bestsellingcarsblog.com_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Australia_annual_car_sales_bestsellingcarsblog.com-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <blockquote class="toccolours" style="text-align:center; width:100%; float:center; padding: 5px 5px 5px 5px; display:table;"> <b><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Table indicators</div></b> <p><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><span class="legend nowrap"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid #A2A9B1;background-color:#D9EBFF; color:black;"> </span> Light (B) Car</span><span class="nowrap">      </span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend nowrap"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid #A2A9B1;background-color:#E8D8FF; color:black;"> </span> Small (C) / Medium (D) Car</span><span class="nowrap">      </span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend nowrap"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid #A2A9B1;background-color:#DCDCDC; color:black;"> </span> Large (E) / Sports (S) Car</span><span class="nowrap">      </span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend nowrap"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid #A2A9B1;background-color:#FFE2B7; color:black;"> </span> Coupé utility / Pickup</span><span class="nowrap">      </span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend nowrap"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid #A2A9B1;background-color:#FFD9D9; color:black;"> </span> Crossover / SUV (J)</span><span class="nowrap">      </span><i>X</i> <sup>L</sup> Locally developed / manufactured / assembled / badged </p> </blockquote> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="width:4%;" rowspan="2">Year</th> <th style="width:90%;" colspan="10">Models and Ranking </th></tr> <tr> <th style="width:9%;">1st</th> <th style="width:9%;">2nd</th> <th style="width:9%;">3rd</th> <th style="width:9%;">4th</th> <th style="width:9%;">5th</th> <th style="width:9%;">6th</th> <th style="width:9%;">7th</th> <th style="width:9%;">8th</th> <th style="width:9%;">9th</th> <th style="width:9%;">10th </th></tr> <tr> <td><b>1977</b></td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Ford Falcon <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Holden Kingswood <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Holden Torana/Sunbird <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Datsun 180B/200B</td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Toyota Corona/Celica <sup>L</sup></td> <td colspan="5"><i>not available</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>1978</b></td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Holden Kingswood <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Ford Falcon <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Holden Torana/Sunbird <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Chrysler Sigma <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Ford Cortina <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Datsun 200B <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Toyota Corona/Celica <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #D9EBFF">Toyota Corolla <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #D9EBFF">Datsun 120Y <sup>L</sup></td> <td><i>not available</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>1979</b></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Holden Commodore <sup>L</sup></td> <td colspan="9" rowspan="3"><i>not available</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>1980</b></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Holden Commodore <sup>L</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>1981</b></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Holden Commodore <sup>L</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>1982</b></td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Ford Falcon <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Holden Commodore <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Mitsubishi Sigma <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #D9EBFF">Ford Laser <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Nissan Skyline</td> <td style="background: #D9EBFF">Holden Gemini <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #D9EBFF">Toyota Corolla <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Holden Camira <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Toyota Corona <sup>L</sup></td> <td><i>not available</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>1983</b></td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Ford Falcon <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Holden Commodore <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Holden Camira <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Mitsubishi Sigma <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #D9EBFF">Ford Laser <sup>L</sup></td> <td colspan="5"><i>not available</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>1984</b></td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Ford Falcon <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Holden Commodore <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #D9EBFF">Ford Laser <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Toyota Corona <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Ford Telstar <sup>L</sup></td> <td><i>not available</i></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Holden Camira <sup>L</sup></td> <td colspan="3"><i>not available</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>1985</b></td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Ford Falcon <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Holden Commodore <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #D9EBFF">Ford Laser <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #D9EBFF">Toyota Corolla <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Mitsubishi Magna <sup>L</sup></td> <td colspan="5"><i>not available</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>1986</b></td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Ford Falcon <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Holden Commodore <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #D9EBFF">Ford Laser <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Mitsubishi Magna <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #D9EBFF">Toyota Corolla <sup>L</sup></td> <td colspan="5"><i>not available</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>1987</b></td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Ford Falcon <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Holden Commodore <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Mitsubishi Magna <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #D9EBFF">Ford Laser <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Toyota Camry/Corona <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #D9EBFF">Toyota Corolla <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Nissan Pintara/Skyline <sup>L</sup></td> <td colspan="3"><i>not available</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>1988</b></td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Ford Falcon <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Holden Commodore <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Mitsubishi Magna <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Toyota Camry <sup>L</sup></td> <td colspan="2"><i>not available</i></td> <td style="background: #D9EBFF">Nissan Pulsar <sup>L</sup></td> <td colspan="3"><i>not available</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>1989</b></td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Holden Commodore <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Ford Falcon <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Mitsubishi Magna <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #D9EBFF">Ford Laser <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Toyota Camry <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #D9EBFF">Toyota Corolla <sup>L</sup></td> <td colspan="4"><i>not available</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>1990</b></td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Holden Commodore <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Ford Falcon <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #D9EBFF">Ford Laser <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Mitsubishi Magna <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Toyota Camry <sup>L</sup></td> <td colspan="5"><i>not available</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>1991</b></td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Holden Commodore <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Ford Falcon <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #D9EBFF">Ford Laser <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Toyota Camry <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Mitsubishi Magna <sup>L</sup></td> <td colspan="5"><i>not available</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>1992</b></td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Ford Falcon <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Holden Commodore <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Mitsubishi Magna/Verada <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Toyota Camry <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #D9EBFF">Toyota Corolla <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #D9EBFF">Ford Laser <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #D9EBFF">Nissan Pulsar <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Toyota HiLux</td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Mazda 626</td> <td><i>not available</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>1993</b></td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Ford Falcon <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Holden Commodore <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Mitsubishi Magna/Verada <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Toyota Camry/Vienta <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #D9EBFF">Toyota Corolla <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Toyota HiLux</td> <td style="background: #D9EBFF">Ford Laser <sup>L</sup></td> <td colspan="2"><i>not available</i></td> <td style="background: #D9EBFF">Hyundai Excel </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>1994</b></td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Holden Commodore <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Ford Falcon <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Mitsubishi Magna/Verada <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Toyota Camry/Vienta <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Toyota Corolla <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Toyota HiLux</td> <td style="background: #D9EBFF">Hyundai Excel</td> <td colspan="3"><i>not available</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>1995</b></td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Ford Falcon <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Holden Commodore <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Toyota Camry/Vienta <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Mitsubishi Magna/Verada <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #D9EBFF">Hyundai Excel</td> <td colspan="2"><i>not available</i></td> <td style="background: #D9EBFF">Ford Festiva <sup>L</sup></td> <td colspan="2"><i>not available</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>1996</b></td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Holden Commodore <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Ford Falcon <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #D9EBFF">Hyundai Excel</td> <td colspan="6"><i>not available</i></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Daewoo 1.5i/Cielo </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>1997</b></td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Holden Commodore <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Ford Falcon <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Mitsubishi Magna/Verada <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #D9EBFF">Hyundai Excel</td> <td colspan="4"><i>not available</i></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Nissan Pulsar</td> <td><i>not available</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>1998</b></td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Holden Commodore <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Ford Falcon <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #D9EBFF">Hyundai Excel</td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Toyota Camry/Vienta <sup>L</sup></td> <td colspan="5"><i>not available</i></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Mitsubishi Lancer </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>1999</b></td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Holden Commodore <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Ford Falcon <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Toyota Camry/Vienta <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #D9EBFF">Hyundai Excel</td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Toyota Corolla <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Mitsubishi Magna/Verada <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Nissan Pulsar</td> <td><i>not available</i></td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Holden Rodeo <sup>L</sup></td> <td><i>not available</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>2000</b></td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Holden Commodore <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Ford Falcon <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Toyota Camry/Vienta <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Toyota Corolla</td> <td style="background: #D9EBFF">Hyundai Excel/Accent</td> <td colspan="3"><i>not available</i></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Mitsubishi Lancer</td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Holden Astra <sup>L</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>2001</b></td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Holden Commodore <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Ford Falcon <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Toyota Corolla <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Holden Astra <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Toyota Camry/Vienta <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Mitsubishi Magna/Verada <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #D9EBFF">Hyundai Accent/Excel</td> <td colspan="3"><i>not available</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>2002</b></td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Holden Commodore <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Ford Falcon <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Toyota Corolla</td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Toyota Camry <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Holden Astra <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Mitsubishi Magna/Verada <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Toyota HiLux</td> <td colspan="3"><i>not available</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>2003</b></td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Holden Commodore <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Ford Falcon <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Toyota Camry <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Toyota Corolla</td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Holden Astra <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Toyota HiLux</td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Mitsubishi Magna/Verada <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Mazda 323</td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Ford Falcon Ute <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Holden Rodeo <sup>L</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>2004</b></td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Holden Commodore <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Ford Falcon <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Toyota Camry <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Toyota Corolla</td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Toyota HiLux</td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Holden Astra <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Holden Rodeo <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Holden Commodore Ute <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Mazda3</td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Ford Falcon Ute <sup>L</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>2005</b></td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Holden Commodore <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Ford Falcon <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Toyota Corolla</td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Toyota Camry <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Holden Astra <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Mazda3</td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Toyota HiLux</td> <td><i>not available</i></td> <td style="background: #FFD9D9">Ford Territory <sup>L</sup></td> <td><i>not available</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>2006</b></td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Holden Commodore <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Toyota Corolla</td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Ford Falcon <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Toyota HiLux</td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Mazda3</td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Toyota Camry <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #D9EBFF">Toyota Yaris</td> <td colspan="3"><i>not available</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>2007</b></td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Holden Commodore <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Toyota Corolla</td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Toyota HiLux</td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Mazda3</td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Ford Falcon <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #D9EBFF">Toyota Yaris</td> <td><i>not available</i></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Toyota Aurion <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Mitsubishi Lancer</td> <td><i>not available</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>2008</b></td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Holden Commodore <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Toyota Corolla</td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Toyota HiLux</td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Mazda3</td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Ford Falcon <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #D9EBFF">Toyota Yaris</td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Toyota Camry <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Mitsubishi Lancer</td> <td>Toyota Aurion</td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Nissan Navara </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>2009</b></td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Holden Commodore <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Toyota Corolla</td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Toyota HiLux</td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Mazda3</td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Ford Falcon <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Hyundai i30</td> <td>Mitsubishi Lancer </td> <td>Toyota Camry <sup>L</sup> </td> <td>Hyundai Getz </td> <td>Toyota Yaris </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>2010</b></td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Holden Commodore <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Toyota Corolla</td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Toyota HiLux</td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Mazda3</td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Hyundai i30</td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Ford Falcon <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Holden Cruze <sup>L</sup></td> <td>Toyota Camry <sup>L</sup> </td> <td>Mitsubishi Lancer </td> <td>Hyundai Getz </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>2011</b></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Mazda3</td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Holden Commodore <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Toyota HiLux</td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Toyota Corolla</td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Holden Cruze <sup>L</sup></td> <td>Hyundai i30</td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Nissan Navara</td> <td>Toyota Camry <sup>L</sup> </td> <td>Ford Falcon <sup>L</sup> </td> <td>Mitsubishi Lancer </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>2012</b></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Mazda3</td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Toyota HiLux</td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Toyota Corolla</td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Holden Commodore <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Holden Cruze <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Hyundai i30</td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Toyota Camry <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Nissan Navara</td> <td style="background: #D9EBFF">Toyota Yaris</td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Ford Focus <sup>L</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>2013</b></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Toyota Corolla</td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Mazda3</td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Toyota HiLux</td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Hyundai i30</td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Holden Commodore <sup>L</sup></td> <td>Toyota Camry <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Mitsubishi Triton</td> <td>Holden Cruze <sup>L</sup> </td> <td>Nissan Navara</td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Ford Ranger <sup>L</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>2014</b></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Toyota Corolla</td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Mazda3</td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Toyota HiLux</td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Hyundai i30</td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Holden Commodore <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Ford Ranger <sup>L</sup></td> <td>Mitsubishi Triton </td> <td>Toyota Camry <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #FFD9D9">Mazda CX-5</td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Volkswagen Golf </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>2015</b></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Toyota Corolla</td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Mazda3</td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Toyota HiLux</td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Hyundai i30</td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Ford Ranger <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Holden Commodore <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Toyota Camry <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Mitsubishi Triton</td> <td style="background: #FFD9D9">Mazda CX-5</td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Volkswagen Golf </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>2016</b></td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Toyota HiLux</td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Toyota Corolla</td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Hyundai i30</td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Ford Ranger <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Mazda3</td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Toyota Camry <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #DCDCDC">Holden Commodore <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #FFD9D9">Mazda CX-5</td> <td>Mitsubishi Triton </td> <td>Hyundai Tucson </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>2017</b></td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Toyota HiLux</td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Ford Ranger <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Toyota Corolla</td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Mazda3</td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Hyundai i30</td> <td style="background: #FFD9D9">Mazda CX-5</td> <td style="background: #FFD9D9">Hyundai Tucson</td> <td>Holden Commodore <sup>L</sup> </td> <td>Toyota Camry <sup>L</sup> </td> <td>Mitsubishi Triton </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>2018</b></td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Toyota HiLux</td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Ford Ranger <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Toyota Corolla</td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Mazda3</td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Hyundai i30</td> <td style="background: #FFD9D9">Mazda CX-5</td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Mitsubishi Triton</td> <td style="background: #FFD9D9">Toyota RAV4</td> <td style="background: #FFD9D9">Nissan X-Trail</td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Volkswagen Golf </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>2019</b></td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Toyota HiLux</td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Ford Ranger <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Toyota Corolla</td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Hyundai i30</td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Mitsubishi Triton</td> <td style="background: #FFD9D9">Mazda CX-5</td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Mazda3</td> <td style="background: #FFD9D9">Toyota RAV4</td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Kia Cerato</td> <td style="background: #FFD9D9">Mitsubishi ASX </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>2020</b></td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Toyota HiLux</td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Ford Ranger <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #FFD9D9">Toyota RAV4</td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Toyota Corolla</td> <td style="background: #FFD9D9">Mazda CX-5</td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Hyundai i30</td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Mitsubishi Triton</td> <td style="background: #FFD9D9">Toyota Prado</td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Kia Cerato</td> <td style="background: #FFD9D9">Hyundai Tucson </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>2021</b></td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Toyota HiLux</td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Ford Ranger <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #FFD9D9">Toyota RAV4</td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Toyota Corolla</td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Hyundai i30</td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Isuzu D-Max</td> <td style="background: #FFD9D9">Mazda CX-5</td> <td style="background: #FFD9D9">Toyota Prado</td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Mitsubishi Triton</td> <td style="background: #FFD9D9">MG ZS </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>2022</b></td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Toyota HiLux</td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Ford Ranger <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #FFD9D9">Toyota RAV4</td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Mitsubishi Triton</td> <td style="background: #FFD9D9">Mazda CX-5</td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Toyota Corolla</td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Isuzu D-Max</td> <td style="background: #FFD9D9">MG ZS</td> <td style="background: #E8D8FF">Hyundai i30</td> <td style="background: #FFD9D9">Toyota Prado </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>2023</b></td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Ford Ranger <sup>L</sup></td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Toyota HiLux</td> <td style="background: #FFE2B7">Isuzu D-Max</td> <td style="background: #FFD9D9">Toyota RAV4</td> <td style="background: #FFD9D9">MG ZS</td> <td style="background: #FFD9D9">Tesla Model Y</td> <td style="background: #FFD9D9">Mitsubishi Outlander</td> <td style="background: #FFD9D9">Mazda CX-5</td> <td style="background: #FFD9D9">Hyundai Tucson</td> <td style="background: #FFD9D9">Toyota Prado </td></tr> <tr> <th></th> <th style="width:8%;">1st</th> <th style="width:8%;">2nd</th> <th style="width:8%;">3rd</th> <th style="width:8%;">4th</th> <th style="width:8%;">5th</th> <th style="width:8%;">6th</th> <th style="width:8%;">7th</th> <th style="width:8%;">8th</th> <th style="width:8%;">9th</th> <th style="width:8%;">10th </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="11"><b>See also</b> : Best-selling models in <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist inline"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Brazil#top10models" title="Automotive industry in Brazil">Brazil</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_India#top10models" title="Automotive industry in India">India</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Indonesia#top10models" title="Automotive industry in Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Japan#top10models" title="Automotive industry in Japan">Japan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Malaysia#top10models" title="Automotive industry in Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_the_Philippines#top10models" title="Automotive industry in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Thailand#top10models" title="Automotive industry in Thailand">Thailand</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Sweden#top10models" title="Automotive industry in Sweden">Sweden</a></li></ul></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Large_scale_manufacturers">Large scale manufacturers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automotive_industry_in_Australia&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Large scale manufacturers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Current">Current</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automotive_industry_in_Australia&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Current"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The current mainstream automotive manufacturers in Australia all build heavy vehicles. Large scale production of light vehicles ended with the departure of Holden. </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Bustech">Bustech</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automotive_industry_in_Australia&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Bustech"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Transport_NSW_liveried_(mo_6088),_operated_by_Hillsbus,_Bustech_CDi_at_Castle_Hill_Interchange.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Transport_NSW_liveried_%28mo_6088%29%2C_operated_by_Hillsbus%2C_Bustech_CDi_at_Castle_Hill_Interchange.jpg/220px-Transport_NSW_liveried_%28mo_6088%29%2C_operated_by_Hillsbus%2C_Bustech_CDi_at_Castle_Hill_Interchange.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Transport_NSW_liveried_%28mo_6088%29%2C_operated_by_Hillsbus%2C_Bustech_CDi_at_Castle_Hill_Interchange.jpg/330px-Transport_NSW_liveried_%28mo_6088%29%2C_operated_by_Hillsbus%2C_Bustech_CDi_at_Castle_Hill_Interchange.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Transport_NSW_liveried_%28mo_6088%29%2C_operated_by_Hillsbus%2C_Bustech_CDi_at_Castle_Hill_Interchange.jpg/440px-Transport_NSW_liveried_%28mo_6088%29%2C_operated_by_Hillsbus%2C_Bustech_CDi_at_Castle_Hill_Interchange.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1333" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Bustech" class="mw-redirect" title="Bustech">Bustech</a> CDi double decker bus</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Bustech" class="mw-redirect" title="Bustech">Bustech</a> has manufactured buses on the <a href="/wiki/Gold_Coast,_Queensland" title="Gold Coast, Queensland">Gold Coast, Queensland</a> since 1998. </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Denning_Manufacturing">Denning Manufacturing</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automotive_industry_in_Australia&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Denning Manufacturing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Allens_Coaches-_Denning_Silver_Phoenix_3939_MO.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Allens_Coaches-_Denning_Silver_Phoenix_3939_MO.jpg/220px-Allens_Coaches-_Denning_Silver_Phoenix_3939_MO.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Allens_Coaches-_Denning_Silver_Phoenix_3939_MO.jpg/330px-Allens_Coaches-_Denning_Silver_Phoenix_3939_MO.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Allens_Coaches-_Denning_Silver_Phoenix_3939_MO.jpg/440px-Allens_Coaches-_Denning_Silver_Phoenix_3939_MO.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Denning_Manufacturing" title="Denning Manufacturing">Denning Manufacturing</a> Silver Phoenix</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Denning_Manufacturing" title="Denning Manufacturing">Denning Manufacturing</a> has manufactured buses in <a href="/wiki/Brisbane" title="Brisbane">Brisbane</a> since 2004 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Iveco">Iveco</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automotive_industry_in_Australia&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Iveco"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:New_Zealand_Trucks_-_Flickr_-_111_Emergency_(71).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/New_Zealand_Trucks_-_Flickr_-_111_Emergency_%2871%29.jpg/220px-New_Zealand_Trucks_-_Flickr_-_111_Emergency_%2871%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/New_Zealand_Trucks_-_Flickr_-_111_Emergency_%2871%29.jpg/330px-New_Zealand_Trucks_-_Flickr_-_111_Emergency_%2871%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/New_Zealand_Trucks_-_Flickr_-_111_Emergency_%2871%29.jpg/440px-New_Zealand_Trucks_-_Flickr_-_111_Emergency_%2871%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2042" data-file-height="1472" /></a><figcaption>Australian built pre-generation <a href="/wiki/Iveco_PowerStar" title="Iveco PowerStar">Iveco PowerStar</a> assembled in <a href="/wiki/Dandenong" class="mw-redirect" title="Dandenong">Dandenong</a></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Iveco" title="Iveco">Iveco Australia</a> is a subsidiary of <a href="/wiki/CNH_Industrial" title="CNH Industrial">CNH Industrial</a> and was formed after the takeover of <a href="/wiki/International_Trucks" class="mw-redirect" title="International Trucks">International Trucks</a>. It currently produces the <a href="/wiki/Iveco_PowerStar" title="Iveco PowerStar">Iveco PowerStar</a> in a number of variants and, up until 2020, the venerable ACCO. It is known for being the only foreign semi truck maker that isn't producing an American branded <a href="/wiki/Cabin_(truck)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cabin (truck)">Conventional</a> semi truck. </p><p>IVECO Australia has announced it will cease local manufacturing at its Dandenong plant from mid-2022<b>.</b> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Kenworth">Kenworth</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automotive_industry_in_Australia&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Kenworth"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Woolworths_transport_truck.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Woolworths_transport_truck.jpg/220px-Woolworths_transport_truck.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Woolworths_transport_truck.jpg/330px-Woolworths_transport_truck.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Woolworths_transport_truck.jpg/440px-Woolworths_transport_truck.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1500" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Kenworth" title="Kenworth">Kenworth</a> T404</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Kenworth" title="Kenworth">Kenworth Australia</a> is a wholly owned subsidiary of <a href="/wiki/Paccar_Inc" class="mw-redirect" title="Paccar Inc">Paccar Inc</a>. Kenworth are currently the largest single-nameplate manufacturer in Australia.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kenworth began Australian production in 1971 and mainly manufactures heavy duty semi trucks specifically for the Australian and New Zealand markets at their plant in Bayswater, Victoria. In 2018, Paccar began assembly of <a href="/wiki/DAF_Trucks" title="DAF Trucks">DAF Trucks</a> from a facility next to Kenworth.</p><div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Mack">Mack</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automotive_industry_in_Australia&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Mack"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Mack_truck" class="mw-redirect" title="Mack truck">Mack trucks</a> have been manufactured in Australia since 1963, starting at <a href="/wiki/Richlands,_Queensland" title="Richlands, Queensland">Richlands, Queensland</a>. </p><p>On 26 April 2000, <a href="/wiki/Volvo" title="Volvo">Volvo</a> acquired the truck and bus arm of Renault. This sale included Mack. Volvo Group Australia moved Mack production into their Wacol facility not long after. </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Volvo">Volvo</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automotive_industry_in_Australia&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Volvo"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Volvo Group Australia began Australian production in <a href="/wiki/Wacol,_Queensland" title="Wacol, Queensland">Wacol, Queensland</a> in 1972. </p><p>After the acquisition of Mack in April 2000, both manufacturers were merged into the one facility at Wacol. This is now<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The time period mentioned near this tag is ambiguous. (January 2024)">when?</span></a></i>]</sup> the largest vehicle plant in Australia. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Previous">Previous</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automotive_industry_in_Australia&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Previous"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Australian_Motor_Industries">Australian Motor Industries</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automotive_industry_in_Australia&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Australian Motor Industries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1962_Standard_Vanguard_Six_(22033100295).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/1962_Standard_Vanguard_Six_%2822033100295%29.jpg/220px-1962_Standard_Vanguard_Six_%2822033100295%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/1962_Standard_Vanguard_Six_%2822033100295%29.jpg/330px-1962_Standard_Vanguard_Six_%2822033100295%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/1962_Standard_Vanguard_Six_%2822033100295%29.jpg/440px-1962_Standard_Vanguard_Six_%2822033100295%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4752" data-file-height="3168" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Standard_Vanguard" title="Standard Vanguard">Standard Vanguard</a> was one of many models produced by <a href="/wiki/Australian_Motor_Industries" title="Australian Motor Industries">Australian Motor Industries</a></figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Australian_Motor_Industries" title="Australian Motor Industries">Australian Motor Industries</a></div> <p>Founded in 1926, Australian Motor Industries (AMI) began assembly operations in 1952. It produced a wide range of <a href="/wiki/Standard_Motor_Company" title="Standard Motor Company">Standard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Triumph_Motor_Company" title="Triumph Motor Company">Triumph</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz" title="Mercedes-Benz">Mercedes-Benz</a> cars, as well as variety of <a href="/wiki/Rambler_(automobile)" title="Rambler (automobile)">Rambler</a> models from <a href="/wiki/American_Motors" class="mw-redirect" title="American Motors">American Motors Corporation</a> (AMC) up to 1987. Assembly of <a href="/wiki/Toyota" title="Toyota">Toyota</a> automobiles began in 1963. The Japanese company took a controlling interest in AMI in 1968 and increased its investment until AMI renamed itself as AMI Toyota Ltd in 1985. </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="British_Leyland">British Leyland</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automotive_industry_in_Australia&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: British Leyland"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Leyland_P76_Super_slightly_cropped_to_eliminate_distracting_neighbor_from_view.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Leyland_P76_Super_slightly_cropped_to_eliminate_distracting_neighbor_from_view.jpg/220px-Leyland_P76_Super_slightly_cropped_to_eliminate_distracting_neighbor_from_view.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Leyland_P76_Super_slightly_cropped_to_eliminate_distracting_neighbor_from_view.jpg/330px-Leyland_P76_Super_slightly_cropped_to_eliminate_distracting_neighbor_from_view.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Leyland_P76_Super_slightly_cropped_to_eliminate_distracting_neighbor_from_view.jpg/440px-Leyland_P76_Super_slightly_cropped_to_eliminate_distracting_neighbor_from_view.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2595" data-file-height="1696" /></a><figcaption>British Leyland's Australian subsidiary produced the <a href="/wiki/Leyland_P76" title="Leyland P76">Leyland P76</a> from 1973 to 1975</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/British_Motor_Corporation_(Australia)" title="British Motor Corporation (Australia)">British Motor Corporation (Australia)</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/British_Leyland" title="British Leyland">British Leyland</a> assembled and manufactured vehicles in Australia from 1950 to 1975. British Leyland was formed when <a href="/wiki/Leyland_Motors" title="Leyland Motors">Leyland Motors</a> and <a href="/wiki/British_Motor_Holdings" title="British Motor Holdings">British Motor Holdings</a> (formerly BMC) merged. </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Chrysler_Australia">Chrysler Australia</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automotive_industry_in_Australia&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Chrysler Australia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chrysler_VF_Valiant_Pacer.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Chrysler_VF_Valiant_Pacer.JPG/220px-Chrysler_VF_Valiant_Pacer.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Chrysler_VF_Valiant_Pacer.JPG/330px-Chrysler_VF_Valiant_Pacer.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Chrysler_VF_Valiant_Pacer.JPG/440px-Chrysler_VF_Valiant_Pacer.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3108" data-file-height="2214" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Chrysler Australia">Chrysler Australia</a> produced the <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Valiant" title="Chrysler Valiant">Chrysler Valiant</a> from 1962 to 1980</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Chrysler Australia">Chrysler Australia</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Chrysler" title="Chrysler">Chrysler</a> departed the Australian car market in 1981 when it sold the remainder of its shareholding in Chrysler Australia Ltd to the Mitsubishi Motor Corporation of Japan. The new owner renamed the company <a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_Motors_Australia" title="Mitsubishi Motors Australia">Mitsubishi Motors Australia</a> (MMA) and this company continues to operate today as one of Australia's major importers of road vehicles. However, local production of passenger vehicles was discontinued in March 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-vfacts_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vfacts-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the 1970s, Chrysler began working closely with Mitsubishi Motors Corporation after they acquired a 15 percent interest in the company in 1971, with the result that Chrysler Australia began building Mitsubishi-designed Chrysler-branded vehicles such as the Chrysler Valiant Galant (1972–1977 Mitsubishi Galant) and the Chrysler Sigma (1977–1985 <a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_Galant" title="Mitsubishi Galant">Mitsubishi Galant</a>). The Tonsley Park plant was sold to Mitsubishi Motors Corporation and was run by Mitsubishi Motors Australia after Chrysler pulled out of Australian manufacturing in 1980. Production of the popular Sigma and Colt range of vehicles continued under the Mitsubishi name until the late-1980s, when production was switched exclusively to the Magna. </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Ford_Australia">Ford Australia</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automotive_industry_in_Australia&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Ford Australia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2015_Ford_Territory_(SZ_II)_TX_AWD_wagon_(2015-07-03)_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/2015_Ford_Territory_%28SZ_II%29_TX_AWD_wagon_%282015-07-03%29_01.jpg/220px-2015_Ford_Territory_%28SZ_II%29_TX_AWD_wagon_%282015-07-03%29_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/2015_Ford_Territory_%28SZ_II%29_TX_AWD_wagon_%282015-07-03%29_01.jpg/330px-2015_Ford_Territory_%28SZ_II%29_TX_AWD_wagon_%282015-07-03%29_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/2015_Ford_Territory_%28SZ_II%29_TX_AWD_wagon_%282015-07-03%29_01.jpg/440px-2015_Ford_Territory_%28SZ_II%29_TX_AWD_wagon_%282015-07-03%29_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4272" data-file-height="2856" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Ford_Territory_(Australia)" title="Ford Territory (Australia)">Ford Territory</a>, an Australian <a href="/wiki/SUV" title="SUV">SUV</a></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Ford_Australia" title="Ford Australia">Ford Australia</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Ford_Australia" title="Ford Australia">Ford Australia</a> is the Australian subsidiary of <a href="/wiki/Ford_Motor_Company" title="Ford Motor Company">Ford Motor Company</a> and was founded in <a href="/wiki/Geelong" title="Geelong">Geelong</a> in 1925 as an outpost of <a href="/wiki/Ford_Motor_Company_of_Canada,_Limited" class="mw-redirect" title="Ford Motor Company of Canada, Limited">Ford Motor Company of Canada, Limited</a>. At that time, Ford Canada was a separate company from Ford USA. <a href="/wiki/Henry_Ford" title="Henry Ford">Henry Ford</a> had granted the manufacturing rights to Ford in British Empire (later Commonwealth) countries (excepting the UK) to Canadian investors. Ford Australia also has a performance car division, <a href="/wiki/Ford_Performance_Vehicles" title="Ford Performance Vehicles">Ford Performance Vehicles</a>, with the cars being marketed under the FPV brand. In May 2013 Ford announced that it will end Australian production in October 2016,<sup id="cite_ref-abc20130523_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-abc20130523-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but will remain as a competitor in the Australian marketplace with imported vehicles. All factories had closed by 20 October 2016. </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Holden">Holden</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automotive_industry_in_Australia&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Holden"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2016_Holden_Commodore_(VF_II)_SV6_sedan_(2016-08-13)_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/2016_Holden_Commodore_%28VF_II%29_SV6_sedan_%282016-08-13%29_01.jpg/220px-2016_Holden_Commodore_%28VF_II%29_SV6_sedan_%282016-08-13%29_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/2016_Holden_Commodore_%28VF_II%29_SV6_sedan_%282016-08-13%29_01.jpg/330px-2016_Holden_Commodore_%28VF_II%29_SV6_sedan_%282016-08-13%29_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/2016_Holden_Commodore_%28VF_II%29_SV6_sedan_%282016-08-13%29_01.jpg/440px-2016_Holden_Commodore_%28VF_II%29_SV6_sedan_%282016-08-13%29_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3786" data-file-height="2136" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Holden_Commodore" title="Holden Commodore">Holden Commodore</a> (prior to 2018) was a locally produced vehicle by <a href="/wiki/Holden" title="Holden">Holden</a></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Holden" title="Holden">Holden</a></div> <p>Holden was an Australian automaker based in <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth,_South_Australia" title="Elizabeth, South Australia">Elizabeth, South Australia</a>. After local production ended in 2017, the company became an importer of GM-branded motor vehicles. The company was founded in 1856 as a saddlery business in <a href="/wiki/Adelaide" title="Adelaide">Adelaide</a>, South Australia, but later moved into the automotive field, becoming a subsidiary of <a href="/wiki/General_Motors" title="General Motors">General Motors</a> (GM) in 1931. Holden has taken charge of vehicle operations for GM in Australasia and, on behalf of GM, holds partial ownership of <a href="/wiki/GM_Korea" title="GM Korea">GM Korea</a> (formerly GM Daewoo) in South Korea. Over the years, Holden has offered a broad range of original, locally produced vehicles (such as the <a href="/wiki/Holden_Commodore" title="Holden Commodore">Holden Commodore</a>), supplemented by imported GM models. In the past, Holden had offered badge-engineered <a href="/wiki/Chevrolet" title="Chevrolet">Chevrolet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Isuzu" title="Isuzu">Isuzu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nissan" title="Nissan">Nissan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Suzuki" title="Suzuki">Suzuki</a>, <a href="/wiki/Toyota" title="Toyota">Toyota</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Vauxhall_Motors" title="Vauxhall Motors">Vauxhall Motors</a> models in sharing arrangements, with <a href="/wiki/Daewoo" title="Daewoo">Daewoo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Opel" title="Opel">Opel</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Isuzu" title="Isuzu">Isuzu</a>-sourced models sold in later years. Holden also had a performance vehicle partner, <a href="/wiki/Holden_Special_Vehicles" title="Holden Special Vehicles">Holden Special Vehicles</a>, which marketed modified Holdens under the HSV brand. In December 2013, Holden announced they would end their local manufacturing operations in Australia on 20 October 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the closure of its production plant in <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth,_South_Australia" title="Elizabeth, South Australia">Elizabeth, South Australia</a>, Holden changed its business focus to car styling and importing.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The Holden brand name was retired in 2020 and dealers compensated as they were shut down.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Leader_Trucks">Leader Trucks</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automotive_industry_in_Australia&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Leader Trucks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Leader_Trucks" title="Leader Trucks">Leader Trucks</a></div> <p>Leader Trucks was a truck manufacturing company based in Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia. It was established as an initiative of Cyril Anderson and Western Transport. Nearly 2,000 trucks were manufactured between 1972 and 1984. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Mitsubishi_Motors_Australia">Mitsubishi Motors Australia</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automotive_industry_in_Australia&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Mitsubishi Motors Australia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1985_Mitsubishi_Sigma_(GN)_GL_2.6_station_wagon_(2015-07-15).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/1985_Mitsubishi_Sigma_%28GN%29_GL_2.6_station_wagon_%282015-07-15%29.jpg/220px-1985_Mitsubishi_Sigma_%28GN%29_GL_2.6_station_wagon_%282015-07-15%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/1985_Mitsubishi_Sigma_%28GN%29_GL_2.6_station_wagon_%282015-07-15%29.jpg/330px-1985_Mitsubishi_Sigma_%28GN%29_GL_2.6_station_wagon_%282015-07-15%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/1985_Mitsubishi_Sigma_%28GN%29_GL_2.6_station_wagon_%282015-07-15%29.jpg/440px-1985_Mitsubishi_Sigma_%28GN%29_GL_2.6_station_wagon_%282015-07-15%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4095" data-file-height="2124" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_Motors_Australia" title="Mitsubishi Motors Australia">Mitsubishi Motors Australia</a> produced the <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Sigma" title="Chrysler Sigma">Sigma</a> from 1980 to 1987</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_Motors_Australia" title="Mitsubishi Motors Australia">Mitsubishi Motors Australia</a></div> <p>Mitsubishi Motors Australia (MMA) is a fully owned subsidiary of parent company Mitsubishi Motors Corporation of Japan. A site in <a href="/wiki/Tonsley,_South_Australia" title="Tonsley, South Australia">Tonsley, South Australia</a> was the location of MMA's vehicle assembly plant. The plant was closed in March 2008 when lacklustre sales of the large Mitsubishi 380 confirmed that domestic vehicle manufacturing was no longer viable. </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Nissan_Australia">Nissan Australia</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automotive_industry_in_Australia&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Nissan Australia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1989-1992_Nissan_Pintara_(U12)_Ti_sedan_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/1989-1992_Nissan_Pintara_%28U12%29_Ti_sedan_01.jpg/220px-1989-1992_Nissan_Pintara_%28U12%29_Ti_sedan_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/1989-1992_Nissan_Pintara_%28U12%29_Ti_sedan_01.jpg/330px-1989-1992_Nissan_Pintara_%28U12%29_Ti_sedan_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/1989-1992_Nissan_Pintara_%28U12%29_Ti_sedan_01.jpg/440px-1989-1992_Nissan_Pintara_%28U12%29_Ti_sedan_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="1820" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Nissan_Pintara" title="Nissan Pintara">Nissan Pintara</a> was a product of Nissan Australia</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Nissan_Motor_Australia" title="Nissan Motor Australia">Nissan Motor Australia</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Nissan" title="Nissan">Nissan</a> began assembling cars in 1966, when <a href="/wiki/Pressed_Metal_Corporation" title="Pressed Metal Corporation">Pressed Metal Corporation</a> began assembly of the <a href="/wiki/Datsun_Bluebird_1300" class="mw-redirect" title="Datsun Bluebird 1300">Datsun Bluebird 1300</a>. This deal ended after about a year and a half, but by 1968 Motor Producers Ltd. of Melbourne began assembling Datsuns again at their <a href="/wiki/Clayton,_Victoria" title="Clayton, Victoria">Clayton</a> plant. By 1971 locally assembled cars were to include the <a href="/wiki/Datsun_1200" class="mw-redirect" title="Datsun 1200">1200</a> and <a href="/wiki/Datsun_1600_(510)" class="mw-redirect" title="Datsun 1600 (510)">1600</a> saloons, with at least 60% local parts content. A deal lasting until 1976 was signed with Motor Producers.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nissan used the Clayton factory to build cars in the wake of the <a href="/wiki/1973_oil_crisis" title="1973 oil crisis">1973 oil crisis</a>. Models produced in Australia included the <a href="/wiki/Nissan_Pulsar" title="Nissan Pulsar">Pulsar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nissan_Pintara" title="Nissan Pintara">Pintara</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Nissan_Skyline" title="Nissan Skyline">Skyline</a>. By the end of the 1980s, however, Nissan was facing financial difficulties, while Nissan's local car assembly lines closed in 1992. </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Renault_Australia">Renault Australia</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automotive_industry_in_Australia&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Renault Australia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Renault (Australia) Pty Ltd was established in the late 1950s to organise the importation and contract assembly of <a href="/wiki/Renault" title="Renault">Renault</a> vehicles in Australia.<sup id="cite_ref-Davis_Renault_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Davis_Renault-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In August 1966 Renault Australia purchased the assembly facilities of Continental and General Distributors at <a href="/wiki/Heidelberg,_Victoria" title="Heidelberg, Victoria">Heidelberg</a> in <a href="/wiki/Victoria,_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Victoria, Australia">Victoria</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Davis_Renault_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Davis_Renault-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Models including the <a href="/wiki/Renault_10" title="Renault 10">Renault 10</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Davis_Renault_24-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Davis_Renault-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Renault_12" title="Renault 12">12</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Davis_Renault_24-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Davis_Renault-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Renault_16" title="Renault 16">16</a><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Renault_18" title="Renault 18">18</a><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> were assembled and the company also entered into an agreement to assemble cars for <a href="/wiki/Peugeot" title="Peugeot">Peugeot</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Davis_Renault_24-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Davis_Renault-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Australian production ended with the closure of the Heidelberg plant in July 1981 with LNC Industries then taking over importation and distribution of Renaults in Australia.<sup id="cite_ref-Davis_Renault_24-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Davis_Renault-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2012, Renault vehicles are sold in Australia through Vehicle Distributors Australia, a wholly owned subsidiary of Nissan Australia.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Rootes_Australia">Rootes Australia</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automotive_industry_in_Australia&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Rootes Australia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Humber_Vogue_Series_I.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Humber_Vogue_Series_I.jpg/220px-Humber_Vogue_Series_I.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Humber_Vogue_Series_I.jpg/330px-Humber_Vogue_Series_I.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Humber_Vogue_Series_I.jpg/440px-Humber_Vogue_Series_I.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4320" data-file-height="3240" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Humber_Vogue" class="mw-redirect" title="Humber Vogue">Humber Vogue</a> was produced by <a href="/wiki/Rootes_Australia" title="Rootes Australia">Rootes Australia</a></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Rootes_Australia" title="Rootes Australia">Rootes Australia</a></div> <p>Rootes Australia produced a range of <a href="/wiki/Hillman" title="Hillman">Hillman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Humber_Limited" title="Humber Limited">Humber</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Singer_(car)" class="mw-redirect" title="Singer (car)">Singer</a> automobiles in Australia between 1946 and 1965. In December 1965, Rootes Australia was merged with <a href="/wiki/Chrysler_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Chrysler Australia">Chrysler Australia</a>. </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Toyota_Australia">Toyota Australia</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automotive_industry_in_Australia&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Toyota Australia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2016_Toyota_Aurion_(GSV50R)_AT-X_sedan_(2018-02-20)_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/2016_Toyota_Aurion_%28GSV50R%29_AT-X_sedan_%282018-02-20%29_01.jpg/220px-2016_Toyota_Aurion_%28GSV50R%29_AT-X_sedan_%282018-02-20%29_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/2016_Toyota_Aurion_%28GSV50R%29_AT-X_sedan_%282018-02-20%29_01.jpg/330px-2016_Toyota_Aurion_%28GSV50R%29_AT-X_sedan_%282018-02-20%29_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/2016_Toyota_Aurion_%28GSV50R%29_AT-X_sedan_%282018-02-20%29_01.jpg/440px-2016_Toyota_Aurion_%28GSV50R%29_AT-X_sedan_%282018-02-20%29_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4199" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Toyota_Aurion" title="Toyota Aurion">Toyota Aurion</a>, built at the <a href="/wiki/Altona,_Victoria" title="Altona, Victoria">Altona</a> plant</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Toyota_Australia" title="Toyota Australia">Toyota Australia</a> (TA), is a subsidiary of <a href="/wiki/Toyota" title="Toyota">Toyota</a>. TA first began in 1958, TA markets Toyota products and manages motorsport, advertising and business operations for Toyota in Australia. TA is also responsible for <a href="/wiki/Lexus" title="Lexus">Lexus</a> vehicles in Australia. </p><p>On 10 February 2014, Toyota announced it would cease manufacturing vehicles and engines in Australia.<sup id="cite_ref-age-toyota-exit_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-age-toyota-exit-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-portnews-toyota-exit_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-portnews-toyota-exit-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Toyota_Australia_Altona_Plant" title="Toyota Australia Altona Plant">Altona plant</a> was closed on 3 October 2017, marking the end of locally produced Toyota vehicles in Australia. </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Volkswagen_Australia">Volkswagen Australia</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automotive_industry_in_Australia&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Volkswagen Australia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Volkswagen_Country_Buggy.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Volkswagen_Country_Buggy.jpg/220px-Volkswagen_Country_Buggy.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Volkswagen_Country_Buggy.jpg/330px-Volkswagen_Country_Buggy.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Volkswagen_Country_Buggy.jpg/440px-Volkswagen_Country_Buggy.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="534" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Country_Buggy" title="Volkswagen Country Buggy">Volkswagen Country Buggy</a> was a product of Volkswagen Australia</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Australia" title="Volkswagen Australia">Volkswagen Australia Pty Ltd</a> was formed in 1954 by <a href="/wiki/Volkswagen" title="Volkswagen">Volkswagen</a> of Germany and various Australian state Volkswagen distributors.<sup id="cite_ref-Davis_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Davis-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The company acquired a suitable site from <a href="/wiki/Martin_%26_King" title="Martin & King">Martin & King</a> situated at <a href="/wiki/Clayton,_Victoria" title="Clayton, Victoria">Clayton</a> having facilities for CKD vehicle assembly in <a href="/wiki/Victoria,_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Victoria, Australia">Victoria</a>, that site having been used for local assembly of the <a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Beetle" title="Volkswagen Beetle">Volkswagen Beetle</a> since 1954.<sup id="cite_ref-Davis_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Davis-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 1960, sheet metal panels were being pressed at Clayton, and by 1967 the engine and most components were being produced there.<sup id="cite_ref-Davis_30-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Davis-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1967 Volkswagen Australia developed a unique model, the <a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Country_Buggy" title="Volkswagen Country Buggy">Country Buggy</a>, which used components from the <a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Beetle" title="Volkswagen Beetle">Beetle</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Kombi" class="mw-redirect" title="Volkswagen Kombi">Kombi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This local design was later also manufactured in the Philippines. </p><p>Due to falling sales, the operation reverted to assembly only in 1968.<sup id="cite_ref-Davis_30-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Davis-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A new company, Motor Producers Limited, was formed and operations were expanded to include <a href="/wiki/Datsun" title="Datsun">Datsun</a> and <a href="/wiki/Volvo" title="Volvo">Volvo</a> models as well as Volkswagens.<sup id="cite_ref-Davis_30-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Davis-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The factory was sold to <a href="/wiki/Nissan" title="Nissan">Nissan</a> in 1976 and Australian assembly of Volkswagens ended shortly after.<sup id="cite_ref-Davis_30-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Davis-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Western_Star">Western Star</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automotive_industry_in_Australia&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Western Star"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Western Star began assembly of kit trucks in 1983 at the former White Trucks factory in Wacol, Queensland. The kits were imported from Kelowna, BC Canada. This continued until 1992, when fully built trucks were imported from Canada. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Small-scale_producers">Small-scale producers</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automotive_industry_in_Australia&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Small-scale producers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Goggomobil_1960_Dart_Front.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Goggomobil_1960_Dart_Front.jpg/220px-Goggomobil_1960_Dart_Front.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Goggomobil_1960_Dart_Front.jpg/330px-Goggomobil_1960_Dart_Front.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Goggomobil_1960_Dart_Front.jpg/440px-Goggomobil_1960_Dart_Front.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1722" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Goggomobil_Dart" title="Goggomobil Dart">Goggomobil Dart</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Coober-Pedy-Oodnadatta-Mail-Truck.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Coober-Pedy-Oodnadatta-Mail-Truck.JPG/220px-Coober-Pedy-Oodnadatta-Mail-Truck.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Coober-Pedy-Oodnadatta-Mail-Truck.JPG/330px-Coober-Pedy-Oodnadatta-Mail-Truck.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Coober-Pedy-Oodnadatta-Mail-Truck.JPG/440px-Coober-Pedy-Oodnadatta-Mail-Truck.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>An <a href="/wiki/OKA_4wd" class="mw-redirect" title="OKA 4wd">OKA 4wd</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Elfin_streamlinerMS8.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Elfin_streamlinerMS8.jpg/220px-Elfin_streamlinerMS8.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Elfin_streamlinerMS8.jpg/330px-Elfin_streamlinerMS8.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Elfin_streamlinerMS8.jpg/440px-Elfin_streamlinerMS8.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="685" /></a><figcaption>An <a href="/wiki/Elfin_MS8_Streamliner" title="Elfin MS8 Streamliner">Elfin MS8 Streamliner</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>There are a number of current, previous or future small scale producers of cars in Australia, including; </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 18em;"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Absolute_Pace&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Absolute Pace (page does not exist)">Absolute Pace</a> (1990–no longer present)<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ACE_EV_Group" title="ACE EV Group">ACE EV</a> (2018 – present)<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Sports" class="mw-redirect" title="Alpha Sports">Alpha Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amuza" title="Amuza">Amuza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ascort" title="Ascort">Ascort</a> (1958–1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Six" title="Australian Six">Australian Six</a> (1919–1930)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australis_(automobile)" title="Australis (automobile)">Australis</a> (1897–1907)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austral_(bus_manufacturer)" title="Austral (bus manufacturer)">Austral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birchfield_(car)" title="Birchfield (car)">Birchfield</a> (2003–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birrana" title="Birrana">Birrana</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Blade_Electric_Vehicles&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Blade Electric Vehicles (page does not exist)">Blade Electric Vehicles</a><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolwell" title="Bolwell">Bolwell</a> (1963–present)1962 and 1979</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bomac&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bomac (page does not exist)">Bomac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borland_Racing_Developments" title="Borland Racing Developments">Borland Racing Developments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bowin_Cars" title="Bowin Cars">Bowin Cars</a> (1968–1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brabham_Automotive" title="Brabham Automotive">Brabham Automotive</a> (2017–2024)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buchanan_(car)" title="Buchanan (car)">Buchanan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buckle_Motors" title="Buckle Motors">Buckle Motors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bullet_(car)" title="Bullet (car)">Bullet</a> (1996–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bushranger_(4WD)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bushranger (4WD)">Bushranger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caldwell_Vale" title="Caldwell Vale">Caldwell Vale</a> (1907–1913)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canstel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Canstel (page does not exist)">Canstel</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carbontech&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carbontech (page does not exist)">Carbontech</a><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (1999–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheetah_Racing_Cars" title="Cheetah Racing Cars">Cheetah Racing Cars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chic_(automobile)" title="Chic (automobile)">Chic</a> (circa 1920s)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Classic_Glass&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Classic Glass (page does not exist)">Classic Glass</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Classic_Revival&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Classic Revival (page does not exist)">Classic Revival</a> (1989–present)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cobra_Craft&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cobra Craft (page does not exist)">Cobra Craft</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Custom_Buses&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Custom Buses (page does not exist)">Custom Buses</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daktari_(car)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daktari (car) (page does not exist)">Daktari</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daytona_(car)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daytona (car) (page does not exist)">Daytona</a> (2002–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denning_(bus_manufacturer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Denning (bus manufacturer)">Denning</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deuce_Customs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deuce Customs (page does not exist)">Deuce Customs</a> (1979–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devaux_Coupe" title="Devaux Coupe">Devaux</a> (2001–present)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=DRB_Sports_Cars&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DRB Sports Cars (page does not exist)">DRB Sports Cars</a> (1997–present)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=E-Vade&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="E-Vade (page does not exist)">E-Vade</a><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elfin_Cars" class="mw-redirect" title="Elfin Cars">Elfin</a> (1958–present)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Evans_(car)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Evans (car) (page does not exist)">Evans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finch_Restorations" title="Finch Restorations">Finch</a></li> <li>G-Force (1986–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giocattolo" title="Giocattolo">Giocattolo</a> (1986–1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goggomobile" class="mw-redirect" title="Goggomobile">Goggomobile</a> (1958–1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurence_Hartnett" title="Laurence Hartnett">Hartnett</a> (1949–1955)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Harden_Electric_Vehicles&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harden Electric Vehicles (page does not exist)">Harden Electric Vehicles</a> (2020 – present)<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homebush" class="mw-redirect" title="Homebush">Homebush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilinga" title="Ilinga">Ilinga</a> (1974–1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joss_Developments" class="mw-redirect" title="Joss Developments">Joss</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kraftwerkz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kraftwerkz (page does not exist)">Kraftwerkz</a> (2002–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeta_(automobile)" title="Zeta (automobile)">Lightburn</a> (1963–1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurence_Hartnett" title="Laurence Hartnett">Lloyd-Hartnett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matich" title="Matich">Matich</a> (1967–1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minetti_Sports_Cars" title="Minetti Sports Cars">Minetti Sports Cars</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nasenbaer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nasenbaer (page does not exist)">Nasenbaer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nota" title="Nota">Nota</a> (1955–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/OKA_(truck)" title="OKA (truck)">OKA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pellandini_Cars" title="Pellandini Cars">Pellandini Cars</a> (1970–1978)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pioneer_(Australian_car)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pioneer (Australian car) (page does not exist)">Pioneer</a> <sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (1897–1898)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Piper_(Australian_car)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Piper (Australian car) (page does not exist)">Piper</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=PMC_Australia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PMC Australia (page does not exist)">PMC Australia</a>\<a href="/wiki/Ansair" title="Ansair">Ansair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PRB_(car)" class="mw-redirect" title="PRB (car)">PRB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purvis_Eureka" title="Purvis Eureka">Purvis</a> (1974–1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Python_(automobile_maker)" title="Python (automobile maker)">Python</a> (1981–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralt" title="Ralt">Ralt</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=RCM_(car)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="RCM (car) (page does not exist)">RCM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rennmax" title="Rennmax">Rennmax</a> (1962–1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/RFW" title="RFW">RFW</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=RMC_(car)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="RMC (car) (page does not exist)">RMC</a></li> <li>Roaring Forties (1997–present)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robnell&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robnell (page does not exist)">Robnell</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sharpbuilt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sharpbuilt (page does not exist)">Sharpbuilt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrike_(racing_car)" title="Shrike (racing car)">Shrike</a> (1988–1991)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skelta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skelta (page does not exist)">Skelta</a> (2004–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Cross_(automobile)" title="Southern Cross (automobile)">Southern Cross</a> (1931–1935)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Studebaker#Melbourne,_Victoria,_Australia" title="Studebaker">Studebaker</a> (1960-1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomcar" title="Tomcar">Tomcar</a> (2005 – present)<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=White_Pointer_(car)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="White Pointer (car) (page does not exist)">White Pointer (car)</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tuning_companies">Tuning companies</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automotive_industry_in_Australia&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Tuning companies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Holden_Commodore_VK_SS_HDT_(15322155954).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Holden_Commodore_VK_SS_HDT_%2815322155954%29.jpg/220px-Holden_Commodore_VK_SS_HDT_%2815322155954%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Holden_Commodore_VK_SS_HDT_%2815322155954%29.jpg/330px-Holden_Commodore_VK_SS_HDT_%2815322155954%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Holden_Commodore_VK_SS_HDT_%2815322155954%29.jpg/440px-Holden_Commodore_VK_SS_HDT_%2815322155954%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4752" data-file-height="3168" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Holden_Dealer_Team" title="Holden Dealer Team">HDT</a> <a href="/wiki/Holden_Commodore_VK" class="mw-redirect" title="Holden Commodore VK">VK Commodore SS</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Current tuning or customisation companies in Australia include: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Holden_Special_Vehicles" title="Holden Special Vehicles">Holden Special Vehicles</a> (HSV) – the official performance vehicle partner of <a href="/wiki/Holden" title="Holden">Holden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tekno_Autosports" title="Tekno Autosports">Tekno Autosports</a><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tickford_Racing" title="Tickford Racing">Tickford Racing</a><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walkinshaw_Performance" title="Walkinshaw Performance">Walkinshaw Performance</a> – authorised Holden Special Vehicles and <a href="/wiki/Hummer" title="Hummer">Hummer</a> tuning company</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corsa_Specialised_Vehicles" title="Corsa Specialised Vehicles">Corsa Specialised Vehicles</a>* (<b>CSV</b>) is a small-scale automaker established in 1994 that is based in <a href="/wiki/Mildura" title="Mildura">Mildura, Australia</a>. Its range consists of V8 engine high performance cars based on those produced by <a href="/wiki/Holden" title="Holden">Holden</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Past_tuning_companies">Past tuning companies</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automotive_industry_in_Australia&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Past tuning companies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Johnson_Racing" title="Dick Johnson Racing">Dick Johnson Racing</a><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tickford_Vehicle_Engineering" title="Tickford Vehicle Engineering">Ford Tickford Experience</a> (FTE) – former official performance vehicle partner of <a href="/wiki/Ford_Australia" title="Ford Australia">Ford Australia</a> (1991–2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ford_Performance_Vehicles" title="Ford Performance Vehicles">Ford Performance Vehicles</a> (FPV) – <a href="/wiki/Ford_Australia" title="Ford Australia">Ford Australia</a>'s in-house tuning company (2002–2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holden_Dealer_Team#HDT_Special_Vehicles" title="Holden Dealer Team">HDT Special Vehicles</a> (HDT) – former <a href="/wiki/Holden" title="Holden">Holden</a> tuning company (manufacturing arm of the <a href="/wiki/Holden_Dealer_Team" title="Holden Dealer Team">Holden Dealer Team</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wayne_Gardner_Racing" title="Wayne Gardner Racing">Wayne Gardner Racing</a><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automotive_industry_in_Australia&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output 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Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Button_car_plan" title="Button car plan">Button car plan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_New_Zealand" title="Automotive industry in New Zealand">Automotive industry in New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deindustrialization" title="Deindustrialization">Deindustrialization</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Automotive_industry_in_Australia&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output 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.citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://crudeoilpeak.info/world-car-production-grows-3-times-faster-than-global-oil-supplies">"World car production grows 3 times faster than global oil supplies"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World+car+production+grows+3+times+faster+than+global+oil+supplies&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcrudeoilpeak.info%2Fworld-car-production-grows-3-times-faster-than-global-oil-supplies&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutomotive+industry+in+Australia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140222042900/http://news.drive.com.au/drive/motor-news/australias-ailing-car-industry-in-desperate-need-of-a-saviour-20130413-2hruy.html">"Australia's ailing car industry in desperate need of a saviour"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Drive.com.au" class="mw-redirect" title="Drive.com.au">Drive.com.au</a>. 2013. 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class="Z3988"></span> <i>Motoring</i> 1 May 2004</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tradeuniquecars.com.au/features/1611/wayne-gardner’s-commodores">"Wayne Gardner's Commodores"</a>. 2 November 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wayne+Gardner%27s+Commodores&rft.date=2016-11-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tradeuniquecars.com.au%2Ffeatures%2F1611%2Fwayne-gardner%E2%80%99s-commodores&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAutomotive+industry+in+Australia" class="Z3988"></span> <i>Trade Unique Cars</i></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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.navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Economy_of_Australia" title="Template:Economy of Australia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Economy_of_Australia" title="Template talk:Economy of Australia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Economy_of_Australia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Economy of Australia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Economy_of_Australia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Australia" title="Economy of Australia">Economy of Australia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_pound" title="Australian pound">Australian pound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_banking_crisis_of_1893" title="Australian banking crisis of 1893">Banking crisis of 1893</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_history_of_Australia" title="Economic history of Australia">Economic history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_pillars_policy" title="Four pillars policy">Four pillars policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Depression_in_Australia" title="Great Depression in Australia">Great Depression</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Privatisation_in_Australia" title="Privatisation in Australia">Privatisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snowy_Mountains_Scheme" title="Snowy Mountains Scheme">Snowy Mountains Scheme</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Currency</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_dollar" title="Australian dollar">Australian dollar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">State economies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_New_South_Wales" title="Economy of New South Wales">New South Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Victoria_(state)" title="Economy of Victoria (state)">Victoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Queensland" title="Economy of Queensland">Queensland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Western_Australia" title="Economy of Western Australia">Western Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_South_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Economy of South Australia">South Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Tasmania" title="Economy of Tasmania">Tasmania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Australian_Capital_Territory" title="Economy of the Australian Capital Territory">Australian Capital Territory</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Industries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Australia" title="Agriculture in Australia">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Automotive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seafood_in_Australia" title="Seafood in Australia">Fishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurance_in_Australia" title="Insurance in Australia">Insurance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manufacturing_in_Australia" title="Manufacturing in Australia">Manufacturing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mining_in_Australia" title="Mining in Australia">Mining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_property_market" title="Australian property market">Real estate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superannuation_in_Australia" title="Superannuation in Australia">Superannuation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Australia" title="Telecommunications in Australia">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Australia" title="Tourism in Australia">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Australia" title="Transport in Australia">Transport</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ports_in_Australia" title="List of ports in Australia">Ports</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_wine" title="Australian wine">Wine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_Australia" title="Taxation in Australia">Taxation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fuel_taxes_in_Australia" title="Fuel taxes in Australia">Fuel taxes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goods_and_services_tax_(Australia)" title="Goods and services tax (Australia)">Goods & Services Tax</a> (<a href="/wiki/GST_distribution_dispute" title="GST distribution dispute">dispute</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luxury_Car_Tax" title="Luxury Car Tax">Luxury Car Tax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minerals_Resource_Rent_Tax" title="Minerals Resource Rent Tax">Minerals Resource Rent Tax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passenger_Movement_Charge" title="Passenger Movement Charge">Passenger Movement Charge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tax_return_(Australia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tax return (Australia)">Tax return</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Banking and Finance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banking_in_Australia" title="Banking in Australia">Banking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Financial_system_in_Australia" title="Financial system in Australia">Financial system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Official_cash_rate" title="Official cash rate">Official cash rate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Securities_Exchange" title="Australian Securities Exchange">Australian Securities Exchange</a> (<a href="/wiki/S%26P/ASX_200" title="S&P/ASX 200">S&P/ASX 200</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_Ordinaries" title="All Ordinaries">All Ordinaries</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regulatory agencies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Competition_%26_Consumer_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="Australian Competition & Consumer Commission">ACCC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Prudential_Regulation_Authority" title="Australian Prudential Regulation Authority">APRA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Securities_%26_Investments_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="Australian Securities & Investments Commission">ASIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_corporate_law" title="Australian corporate law">Corporate law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Section_51(xx)_of_the_Constitution_of_Australia" title="Section 51(xx) of the Constitution of Australia">Corporations power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fair_Work_Commission" title="Fair Work Commission">FWC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reserve_Bank_of_Australia" title="Reserve Bank of Australia">Reserve Bank</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Australia" title="Energy in Australia">Energy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biofuel_in_Australia" title="Biofuel in Australia">Biofuel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carbon_pricing_in_Australia" title="Carbon pricing in Australia">Carbon pricing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_policy_of_Australia" title="Energy policy of Australia">Energy policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_efficiency_rating" title="Energy efficiency rating">Energy efficiency rating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geothermal_power_in_Australia" title="Geothermal power in Australia">Geothermal power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_electricity_in_Australia" title="Green electricity in Australia">Green electricity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Electricity_Market" title="National Electricity Market">National Electricity Market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_power_in_Australia" title="Solar power in Australia">Solar power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wind_power_in_Australia" title="Wind power in Australia">Wind power</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Economic conditions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_government_debt" title="Australian government debt">Government debt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Home_ownership_in_Australia" title="Home ownership in Australia">Home ownership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Income_in_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Income in Australia">Income in Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poverty_in_Australia" title="Poverty in Australia">Poverty in Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_property_bubble" title="Australian property bubble">Property bubble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Social_class_in_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Social class in Australia">Social class in Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wealth_in_Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="Wealth in Australia">Wealth in Australia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Council_of_Trade_Unions" title="Australian Council of Trade Unions">ACTU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_labour_movement" title="Australian labour movement">Labour movement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Free_trade_agreements_of_Australia" title="Free trade agreements of Australia">Trade agreements</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australia%E2%80%93Chile_Free_Trade_Agreement" title="Australia–Chile Free Trade Agreement">Australia–Chile FTA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australia%E2%80%93Korea_Free_Trade_Agreement" title="Australia–Korea Free Trade Agreement">Australia–Korea FTA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Closer_Economic_Relations" title="Closer Economic Relations">Australia–New Zealand FTA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australia%E2%80%93United_States_Free_Trade_Agreement" title="Australia–United States Free Trade Agreement">Australia–United States FTA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93Australia_Free_Trade_Agreement" title="China–Australia Free Trade Agreement">China–Australia FTA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan%E2%80%93Australia_Economic_Partnership_Agreement" title="Japan–Australia Economic Partnership Agreement">Japan–Australia FTA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comprehensive_and_Progressive_Agreement_for_Trans-Pacific_Partnership" title="Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership">Trans-Pacific Partnership</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesia%E2%80%93Australia_Comprehensive_Economic_Partnership_Agreement" title="Indonesia–Australia Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement">Indonesia–Australia FTA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australia%E2%80%93United_Kingdom_Free_Trade_Agreement" title="Australia–United Kingdom Free Trade Agreement">Australia–United Kingdom FTA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" 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href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Economy_of_Australia" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Economy of Australia">Commons</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_Automotive_industry_in_Australia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Automotive_industry_in_Australia" title="Template:Automotive industry in Australia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Automotive_industry_in_Australia" title="Template talk:Automotive industry in Australia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Automotive_industry_in_Australia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Automotive industry in Australia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_Automotive_industry_in_Australia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="640" /></span></span></span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Automotive industry in Australia</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry" title="Automotive industry">Automotive industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Australia" title="Economy of Australia">Economy of Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Australia" title="Transport in Australia">Transport in Australia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Australian vehicle<br />manufacturers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ACE_EV_Group" title="ACE EV Group">ACE EV Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_Sports" class="mw-redirect" title="Alpha Sports">Alpha Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brabham_Automotive" title="Brabham Automotive">Brabham Automotive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BCI_Bus" title="BCI Bus">BCI Bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolwell" title="Bolwell">Bolwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borland_Racing_Developments" title="Borland Racing Developments">Borland Racing Developments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bufori" title="Bufori">Bufori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BusTech" title="BusTech">BusTech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coach_Concepts" title="Coach Concepts">Coach Concepts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coach_Design" title="Coach Design">Coach Design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Custom_Bus" class="mw-redirect" title="Custom Bus">Custom Bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denning_Manufacturing" title="Denning Manufacturing">Denning Manufacturing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devaux_Coupe" title="Devaux Coupe">Devaux Cars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Express_Coach_Builders" title="Express Coach Builders">Express Coach Builders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Dynamics_Land_Systems%E2%80%93Australia" class="mw-redirect" title="General Dynamics Land Systems–Australia">GDLS-Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Porter_(manufacturer)" title="Howard Porter (manufacturer)">Howard Porter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunter_Motorcycles" title="Hunter Motorcycles">Hunter Motorcycles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacer" title="Jacer">Jacer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minetti_Sports_Cars" title="Minetti Sports Cars">Minetti Sports Cars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nota" title="Nota">Nota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%26D_Coachworks" title="P&D Coachworks">P&D Coachworks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PRB_(car)" class="mw-redirect" title="PRB (car)">PRB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thales_Australia" title="Thales Australia">Thales Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volgren" title="Volgren">Volgren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walkinshaw_Automotive_Group" title="Walkinshaw Automotive Group">Walkinshaw Automotive Group</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Defunct vehicle<br />manufacturers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alan_B_Denning" class="mw-redirect" title="Alan B Denning">Alan B Denning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ansair" title="Ansair">Ansair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austral_(bus_manufacturer)" title="Austral (bus manufacturer)">Austral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Autobus" title="Australian Autobus">Australian Autobus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australian_Motor_Industries" title="Australian Motor Industries">Australian Motor Industries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birrana" title="Birrana">Birrana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boltons_(bus_manufacturer)" title="Boltons (bus manufacturer)">Boltons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bowin_Cars" title="Bowin Cars">Bowin Cars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brabham" title="Brabham">Brabham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Motor_Corporation_(Australia)" title="British Motor Corporation (Australia)">British Motor Corporation (Australia)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buckle_Motors" title="Buckle Motors">Buckle Motors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bush_Ranger_(4WD)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bush Ranger (4WD)">Bush Ranger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caldwell_Vale" title="Caldwell Vale">Caldwell Vale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centurion_Transport_Engineering" title="Centurion Transport Engineering">Centurion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheetah_Racing_Cars" title="Cheetah Racing Cars">Cheetah Racing Cars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coachmaster" title="Coachmaster">Coachmaster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_Aircraft_Corporation" title="Commonwealth Aircraft Corporation">Commonwealth Aircraft Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_Engineering" title="Commonwealth Engineering">Comeng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corsa_Specialised_Vehicles" title="Corsa Specialised Vehicles">Corsa Specialised Vehicles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denning_(bus_manufacturer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Denning (bus manufacturer)">Denning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duncan_%26_Fraser" title="Duncan & Fraser">Duncan & Fraser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elfin_Sports_Cars" title="Elfin Sports Cars">Elfin Sports Cars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ford_Australia" title="Ford Australia">Ford Australia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ford_Performance_Vehicles" title="Ford Performance Vehicles">FPV</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giocattolo" title="Giocattolo">Giocattolo Motori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buckle_Motors" title="Buckle Motors">Goggomobil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hartnett_(car)" title="Hartnett (car)">Hartnett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holden_Dealer_Team#HDT_Special_Vehicles" title="Holden Dealer Team">HDT Special Vehicles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holden" title="Holden">Holden</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Holden_Special_Vehicles" title="Holden Special Vehicles">HSV</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBC_(bus_manufacturer)" title="IBC (bus manufacturer)">IBC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jakab_Industries" title="Jakab Industries">Jakab Industries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JW_Bolton" title="JW Bolton">JW Bolton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaditcha" title="Kaditcha">Kaditcha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leader_Trucks" title="Leader Trucks">Leader Trucks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mills-Tui" title="Mills-Tui">Mills-Tui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motor_Body_Specialists" title="Motor Body Specialists">Motor Body Specialists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MotorCoach_Australia" title="MotorCoach Australia">MotorCoach Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northcoast_Bus_%26_Coach" title="Northcoast Bus & Coach">Northcoast Bus & Coach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OKA_4wd" class="mw-redirect" title="OKA 4wd">OKA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parramatta-Ryde_Bus_Service" title="Parramatta-Ryde Bus Service">Parramatta-Ryde Bus Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pressed_Metal_Corporation" title="Pressed Metal Corporation">Pressed Metal Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pressed_Metal_Corporation_South_Australia" title="Pressed Metal Corporation South Australia">Pressed Metal Corporation South Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purvis_Eureka" title="Purvis Eureka">Purvis Cars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queensland_Coach_Company" title="Queensland Coach Company">Queensland Coach Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralt" title="Ralt">Ralt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rennmax" title="Rennmax">Rennmax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roo_(automobile)" title="Roo (automobile)">Roo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rootes_Australia" title="Rootes Australia">Rootes Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RFW" title="RFW">RFW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smithfield_Bus_%26_Coach_Works" title="Smithfield Bus & Coach Works">Smithfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stewart_%26_Sons" title="Stewart & Sons">Stewart & Sons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superior_(bus_manufacturer)" title="Superior (bus manufacturer)">Superior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TJ_Richards_%26_Sons" title="TJ Richards & Sons">TJ Richards & Sons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Australian_Automobile_Industries" title="United Australian Automobile Industries">UAAI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zeta_(automobile)" title="Zeta (automobile)">Zeta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Components</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beaurepaires" title="Beaurepaires">Beaurepaires</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Jane_T-Marts" title="Bob Jane T-Marts">Bob Jane T-Marts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drivetrain_Systems_International" title="Drivetrain Systems International">Drivetrain Systems International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Hardie" class="mw-redirect" title="James Hardie">James Hardie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jax_Tyres_%26_Auto" title="Jax Tyres & Auto">Jax Tyres & Auto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Hardie" class="mw-redirect" title="James Hardie">James Hardie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supercheap_Auto" title="Supercheap Auto">Supercheap Auto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tickford_Vehicle_Engineering" title="Tickford Vehicle Engineering">Tickford Vehicle Engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultra_Tune" title="Ultra Tune">Ultra Tune</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Distributors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ateco" class="mw-redirect" title="Ateco">Ateco</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Subsidiaries of<br />foreign companies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fiat_Chrysler_Australia" title="Fiat Chrysler Australia">Fiat Chrysler Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ford_Australia" title="Ford Australia">Ford Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genuine_Parts_Company" title="Genuine Parts Company">Genuine Parts Company</a> (<a href="/wiki/Repco" title="Repco">Repco</a> / <a href="/wiki/NAPA_Auto_Parts" title="NAPA Auto Parts">NAPA Auto Parts</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honda_Australia" title="Honda Australia">Honda Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_Motors_Australia" title="Mitsubishi Motors Australia">Mitsubishi Motors Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nissan_Motor_Australia" title="Nissan Motor Australia">Nissan Motor Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toyota_Australia" title="Toyota Australia">Toyota Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Australia" title="Volkswagen Australia">Volkswagen Australia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_International_Motor_Show" title="Australian International Motor Show">Australian International Motor Show</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melbourne_International_Motor_Show" class="mw-redirect" title="Melbourne International Motor Show">Melbourne International Motor Show</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Australasian_New_Car_Assessment_Program" title="Australasian New Car Assessment Program">ANCAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highways_in_Australia" title="Highways in Australia">Highways</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_New_Zealand" title="Automotive industry in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Automotive_industry_in_Australia" title="Category:Automotive industry in Australia">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Automotive_industry_in_Australia" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Automotive industry in Australia">Commons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Automotive_industry" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Automotive_industry" title="Template:Automotive industry"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Automotive_industry" title="Template talk:Automotive industry"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Automotive_industry" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Automotive industry"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Automotive_industry" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry" title="Automotive industry">Automotive industry</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Car" title="Car">Car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motor_vehicle" title="Motor vehicle">Motor vehicle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_by_country" title="Automotive industry by country">By country</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Egypt" title="Automotive industry in Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Kenya" title="Automotive industry in Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Morocco" title="Automotive industry in Morocco">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Nigeria" title="Automotive industry in Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_South_Africa" title="Automotive industry in South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_automobile_manufacturers_of_Africa" title="List of automobile manufacturers of Africa">List of manufacturers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Bangladesh" title="Automotive industry in Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_China" title="Automotive industry in China">China</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_automobile_manufacturers_of_China" title="List of automobile manufacturers of China">manufacturers list</a>, <a href="/wiki/Automobile_manufacturers_and_brands_of_China" title="Automobile manufacturers and brands of China">manufacturers detailed</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_India" title="Automotive industry in India">India</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_automobile_manufacturers_of_India" title="List of automobile manufacturers of India">manufacturers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Indonesia" title="Automotive industry in Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Iran" title="Automotive industry in Iran">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Japan" title="Automotive industry in Japan">Japan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_automobile_manufacturers_of_Japan" title="List of automobile manufacturers of Japan">manufacturers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Malaysia" title="Automotive industry in Malaysia">Malaysia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_automobile_manufacturers_of_Malaysia" title="List of automobile manufacturers of Malaysia">manufacturers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_North_Korea" title="Automotive industry in North Korea">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Pakistan" title="Automotive industry in Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_the_Philippines" title="Automotive industry in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Russia" title="Automotive industry in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_South_Korea" title="Automotive industry in South Korea">South Korea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_automobile_manufacturers_of_South_Korea" title="List of automobile manufacturers of South Korea">manufacturers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Taiwan" title="Automotive industry in Taiwan">Taiwan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Taiwanese_automakers" title="List of Taiwanese automakers">manufacturers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Thailand" title="Automotive industry in Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Turkey" title="Automotive industry in Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Uzbekistan" title="Automotive industry in Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Vietnam" title="Automotive industry in Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_automobile_manufacturers_of_Asia" title="List of automobile manufacturers of Asia">List of manufacturers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Belarus" title="Automotive industry in Belarus">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Bulgaria" title="Automotive industry in Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Croatia" title="Automotive industry in Croatia">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_the_Czech_Republic" title="Automotive industry in the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_automobile_manufacturers_of_the_Czech_Republic" title="List of automobile manufacturers of the Czech Republic">manufacturers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_France" title="Automotive industry in France">France</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_automobile_manufacturers_of_France" title="List of automobile manufacturers of France">manufacturers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Germany" title="Automotive industry in Germany">Germany</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_automobile_manufacturers_of_Germany" title="List of automobile manufacturers of Germany">manufacturers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Hungary" title="Automotive industry in Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Ireland" title="Automotive industry in Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Italy" title="Automotive industry in Italy">Italy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_automobile_manufacturers_of_Italy" title="List of automobile manufacturers of Italy">manufacturers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_the_Netherlands" class="mw-redirect" title="Automotive industry in the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Poland" title="Automotive industry in Poland">Poland</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_automobile_manufacturers_of_Poland" title="List of automobile manufacturers of Poland">manufacturers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Romania" title="Automotive industry in Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Russia" title="Automotive industry in Russia">Russia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_automobile_manufacturers_of_Russia" title="List of automobile manufacturers of Russia">manufacturers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Serbia" title="Automotive industry in Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Slovakia" title="Automotive industry in Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Spain" title="Automotive industry in Spain">Spain</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Spanish_automobiles" title="List of Spanish automobiles">manufacturers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Sweden" title="Automotive industry in Sweden">Sweden</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_automobile_manufacturers_of_Sweden" title="List of automobile manufacturers of Sweden">manufacturers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Ukraine" title="Automotive industry in Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Automotive industry in the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_car_manufacturers_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of car manufacturers of the United Kingdom">manufacturers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_automobile_manufacturers_of_Europe" title="List of automobile manufacturers of Europe">List of manufacturers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Canada" title="Automotive industry in Canada">Canada</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_automobile_manufacturers_of_Canada" title="List of automobile manufacturers of Canada">manufacturers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Mexico" title="Automotive industry in Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_the_United_States" title="Automotive industry in the United States">United States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_automobile_manufacturers_of_the_United_States" title="List of automobile manufacturers of the United States">manufacturers</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South America</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Argentina" title="Automotive industry in Argentina">Argentina</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_automobiles_manufactured_in_Argentina" title="List of automobiles manufactured in Argentina">manufacturers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Brazil" title="Automotive industry in Brazil">Brazil</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_automobiles_manufactured_in_Brazil" title="List of automobiles manufactured in Brazil">manufacturers</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Australia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_automobile_manufacturers_of_Australia" title="List of automobile manufacturers of Australia">manufacturers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_New_Zealand" title="Automotive industry in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Data</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_automobile_sales_by_model" title="List of automobile sales by model">Automobile sales by model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_best-selling_automobiles" title="List of best-selling automobiles">Best-selling automobiles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_motor_vehicle_production" title="List of countries by motor vehicle production">Countries by motor vehicle production</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_by_vehicles_per_capita" class="mw-redirect" title="List of countries by vehicles per capita">Countries by vehicles per capita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_manufacturers_by_motor_vehicle_production" title="List of manufacturers by motor vehicle production">Top manufacturers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_crisis_of_2008%E2%80%932010" class="mw-redirect" title="Automotive industry crisis of 2008–2010">Automotive industry crisis of 2008–2010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_automobile" title="History of the automobile">History of the automobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_internal_combustion_engine" title="History of the internal combustion engine">History of the internal combustion engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_motorcycle" title="History of the motorcycle">History of the motorcycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_motor_vehicle_brands" title="Timeline of motor vehicle brands">Timeline of motor vehicle brands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Manufacturers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_automobile_manufacturers" title="List of automobile manufacturers">Automobile manufacturers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_car_brands" title="List of car brands">marques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_automobile_manufacturers_by_parent_company" title="List of automobile manufacturers by parent company">by parent company</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Bus_manufacturers" title="Category:Bus manufacturers">Bus manufacturers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_motorcycle_manufacturers" title="List of motorcycle manufacturers">Motorcycle manufacturers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_truck_manufacturers" title="List of truck manufacturers">Truck manufacturers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minor_automotive_manufacturing_groups" title="Minor automotive manufacturing groups">Minor automotive manufacturing groups</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Association_for_Standardisation_of_Automation_and_Measuring_Systems" title="Association for Standardisation of Automation and Measuring Systems">Association for Standardisation of Automation and Measuring Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Automobile_Manufacturers_Association" title="European Automobile Manufacturers Association">European Automobile Manufacturers Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organisation_Internationale_des_Constructeurs_d%27Automobiles" title="Organisation Internationale des Constructeurs d'Automobiles">Organisation Internationale des Constructeurs d'Automobiles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_auto_shows_and_motor_shows_by_continent" title="List of auto shows and motor shows by continent">Auto and motor shows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_design" title="Automotive design">Automotive design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_engineering" title="Automotive engineering">Automotive engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drive_time" title="Drive time">Drive time</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Facelift_(automotive)" title="Facelift (automotive)">Facelift</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rebadging" title="Rebadging">Rebadging</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_badge-engineered_vehicles" title="List of badge-engineered vehicles">list of vehicles</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debadging" title="Debadging">Debadging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_automotive_terms" title="Glossary of automotive terms">Glossary</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="hlist"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Automotive_industry" title="Category:Automotive industry">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, 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