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overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; -webkit-line-clamp: 3; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; }</style><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><div class="u-floatLeft"><h1 class="PageHeader-title u-m0x u-fs30">Programmed cell death</h1><div class="u-tcGrayDark">538 Followers</div><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-mt2x">Recent papers in <b>Programmed cell death</b></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="TabbedNavigation"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><ul class="nav u-m0x u-p0x list-inline u-displayFlex"><li class="active"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Programmed_cell_death">Top Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Programmed_cell_death/MostCited">Most Cited Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Programmed_cell_death/MostDownloaded">Most Downloaded Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Programmed_cell_death/MostRecent">Newest Papers</a></li><li><a class="" href="https://www.academia.edu/People/Programmed_cell_death">People</a></li></ul></div><style type="text/css">ul.nav{flex-direction:row}@media(max-width: 567px){ul.nav{flex-direction:column}.TabbedNavigation li{max-width:100%}.TabbedNavigation li.active{background-color:var(--background-grey, #dddde2)}.TabbedNavigation li.active:before,.TabbedNavigation li.active:after{display:none}}</style></div></div></div><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12"><div class="u-displayFlex"><div class="u-flexGrow1"><div class="works"><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_12496681" data-work_id="12496681" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12496681/The_demise_of_the_marine_cyanobacterium_Trichodesmium_spp_via_an_autocatalyzed_cell_death_pathway">The demise of the marine cyanobacterium, Trichodesmium spp., via an autocatalyzed cell death pathway</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">We present experimental laboratory evidence and field observations of an autocatalyzed, programmed cell death (PCD) pathway in the nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteriumTrichodesmium spp., which forms massive blooms in the subtropical and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_12496681" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">We present experimental laboratory evidence and field observations of an autocatalyzed, programmed cell death (PCD) pathway in the nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteriumTrichodesmium spp., which forms massive blooms in the subtropical and tropical oceans. The PCD pathway was induced in response to phosphorus and iron starvation as well as high irradiance and oxidative stress. Transmission electron microscopy revealed morpho- logical degradation of internal</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12496681" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f31bda3f957a7be9efb78600fd56c5e5" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":37692963,"asset_id":12496681,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37692963/download_file?st=MTczMjQwNjM5OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="31353263" href="https://independent.academia.edu/PFalkowski">Paul Falkowski</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="31353263" type="text/json">{"id":31353263,"first_name":"Paul","last_name":"Falkowski","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"PFalkowski","display_name":"Paul Falkowski","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/PFalkowski?f_ri=175490","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_12496681 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="12496681"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 12496681, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_12496681", }); 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The PCD pathway was induced in response to phosphorus and iron starvation as well as high irradiance and oxidative stress. Transmission electron microscopy revealed morpho- logical degradation of internal","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37692963,"asset_id":12496681,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":31353263,"first_name":"Paul","last_name":"Falkowski","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"PFalkowski","display_name":"Paul Falkowski","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/PFalkowski?f_ri=175490","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":400,"name":"Earth Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Earth_Sciences?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":1999,"name":"Limnology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Limnology?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":14076,"name":"Transmission Electron Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transmission_Electron_Microscopy?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":53108,"name":"Phosphorus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phosphorus?f_ri=175490"},{"id":58054,"name":"Environmental Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sciences?f_ri=175490"},{"id":112576,"name":"Cell Death","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Death?f_ri=175490"},{"id":151091,"name":"Nitrogen","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nitrogen?f_ri=175490"},{"id":158597,"name":"Iron","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Iron?f_ri=175490"},{"id":165465,"name":"Evolutionary History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Evolutionary_History?f_ri=175490"},{"id":175490,"name":"Programmed cell death","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Programmed_cell_death?f_ri=175490"},{"id":216197,"name":"Biological Oceanography and Limnology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Oceanography_and_Limnology?f_ri=175490"},{"id":300829,"name":"Protein Sequence Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Protein_Sequence_Analysis?f_ri=175490"},{"id":970387,"name":"Organic Matter","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Organic_Matter?f_ri=175490"},{"id":1242344,"name":"Plasma Membrane","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plasma_Membrane?f_ri=175490"},{"id":1727314,"name":"Nucleic Acid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nucleic_Acid?f_ri=175490"},{"id":1912157,"name":"Domain Structure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Domain_Structure?f_ri=175490"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4217920" data-work_id="4217920" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4217920/Mechanisms_of_neural_cell_death_Implications_for_development_of_neuroprotective_treatment_strategies">Mechanisms of neural cell death: Implications for development of neuroprotective treatment strategies</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">It has been increasingly recognized that cell death phenotypes and their molecular mechanisms are highly diverse. Necrosis is no longer considered a single entity, passively mediated by energy failure. Moreover, caspase-dependent... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_4217920" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">It has been increasingly recognized that cell death phenotypes and their molecular mechanisms are highly diverse. Necrosis is no longer considered a single entity, passively mediated by energy failure. Moreover, caspase-dependent apoptosis is not the only pathway involved in programmed cell death or even the only apoptotic mechanism. Recent experimental work emphasizes the diverse and interrelated nature of cell death mechanisms. Thus, there are both caspase-dependent and caspase-independent forms of apoptosis, which may differ morphologically as well as mechanistically. There are also necrotic-like phenotypes that requirede novo protein synthesis and are, therefore, forms of programmed cell death. In addition, forms of cell death showing certain morphological features of both necrosis and apoptosis have been identified, leading to the term aponecrosis. Considerable experimental evidence also shows that modulation of one form of cell death may lead to another. Together, these observations underscore the need to substantially revise our conceptions about neuroprotection strategies. Use of multiple treatments that target different cell death cascades, or single agents that moderate multiple cell death pathways, is likely to lead to more effective neuroprotection for clinical disorders.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4217920" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="232e4a5ac1fe19795dcd90e25db76ace" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":49981946,"asset_id":4217920,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49981946/download_file?st=MTczMjQwNjM5OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5104576" href="https://independent.academia.edu/YakovlevAlexander">Alexander Yakovlev</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5104576" type="text/json">{"id":5104576,"first_name":"Alexander","last_name":"Yakovlev","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"YakovlevAlexander","display_name":"Alexander Yakovlev","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/YakovlevAlexander?f_ri=175490","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5104576/2234024/2614131/s65_alexander.yakovlev.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4217920 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4217920"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4217920, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4217920", }); 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Necrosis is no longer considered a single entity, passively mediated by energy failure. Moreover, caspase-dependent apoptosis is not the only pathway involved in programmed cell death or even the only apoptotic mechanism. Recent experimental work emphasizes the diverse and interrelated nature of cell death mechanisms. Thus, there are both caspase-dependent and caspase-independent forms of apoptosis, which may differ morphologically as well as mechanistically. There are also necrotic-like phenotypes that requirede novo protein synthesis and are, therefore, forms of programmed cell death. In addition, forms of cell death showing certain morphological features of both necrosis and apoptosis have been identified, leading to the term aponecrosis. Considerable experimental evidence also shows that modulation of one form of cell death may lead to another. Together, these observations underscore the need to substantially revise our conceptions about neuroprotection strategies. Use of multiple treatments that target different cell death cascades, or single agents that moderate multiple cell death pathways, is likely to lead to more effective neuroprotection for clinical disorders.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":49981946,"asset_id":4217920,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5104576,"first_name":"Alexander","last_name":"Yakovlev","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"YakovlevAlexander","display_name":"Alexander Yakovlev","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/YakovlevAlexander?f_ri=175490","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/5104576/2234024/2614131/s65_alexander.yakovlev.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":24731,"name":"Apoptosis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Apoptosis?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":35637,"name":"Molecular Mechanics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Mechanics?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":38139,"name":"Protein 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js-work-card work_5073531" data-work_id="5073531" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5073531/Antagonistic_Control_of_Disease_Resistance_Protein_Stability_in_the_Plant_Immune_System">Antagonistic Control of Disease Resistance Protein Stability in the Plant Immune System</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Pathogen recognition by the plant immune system is governed by structurally related, polymorphic products of disease resistance (R) genes. RAR1 and/or SGT1b mediate the function of many R proteins. RAR1 controls preactivation R protein... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_5073531" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Pathogen recognition by the plant immune system is governed by structurally related, polymorphic products of disease resistance (R) genes. RAR1 and/or SGT1b mediate the function of many R proteins. RAR1 controls preactivation R protein accumulation by an unknown mechanism. We demonstrate that Arabidopsis SGT1b has two distinct, genetically separable functions in the plant immune system: SGT1b antagonizes RAR1 to negatively regulate R protein accumulation before infection, and SGT1b has a RAR1-independent function that regulates programmed cell death during infection. The balanced activities of RAR1 and SGT1, in concert with cytosolic HSP90, modulate preactivation R protein accumulation and signaling competence.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/5073531" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8acbcdefcb84f43c3e93633d4eb7126d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":49460741,"asset_id":5073531,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49460741/download_file?st=MTczMjQwNjM5OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="6785519" href="https://bu.academia.edu/benholt">ben holt</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="6785519" type="text/json">{"id":6785519,"first_name":"ben","last_name":"holt","domain_name":"bu","page_name":"benholt","display_name":"ben holt","profile_url":"https://bu.academia.edu/benholt?f_ri=175490","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_5073531 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="5073531"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 5073531, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_5073531", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=5073531]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_5073531").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_5073531").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="5073531"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">19</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="156" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetics">Genetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="156" type="text/json">{"id":156,"name":"Genetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetics?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3855" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymorphism">Polymorphism</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3855" type="text/json">{"id":3855,"name":"Polymorphism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Polymorphism?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6779" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Science">Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6779" type="text/json">{"id":6779,"name":"Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Science?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="24731" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Apoptosis">Apoptosis</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="24731" type="text/json">{"id":24731,"name":"Apoptosis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Apoptosis?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=5073531]'), work: {"id":5073531,"title":"Antagonistic Control of Disease Resistance Protein Stability in the Plant Immune System","created_at":"2013-11-12T01:13:51.445-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/5073531/Antagonistic_Control_of_Disease_Resistance_Protein_Stability_in_the_Plant_Immune_System?f_ri=175490","dom_id":"work_5073531","summary":"Pathogen recognition by the plant immune system is governed by structurally related, polymorphic products of disease resistance (R) genes. RAR1 and/or SGT1b mediate the function of many R proteins. RAR1 controls preactivation R protein accumulation by an unknown mechanism. We demonstrate that Arabidopsis SGT1b has two distinct, genetically separable functions in the plant immune system: SGT1b antagonizes RAR1 to negatively regulate R protein accumulation before infection, and SGT1b has a RAR1-independent function that regulates programmed cell death during infection. The balanced activities of RAR1 and SGT1, in concert with cytosolic HSP90, modulate preactivation R protein accumulation and signaling competence.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":49460741,"asset_id":5073531,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":6785519,"first_name":"ben","last_name":"holt","domain_name":"bu","page_name":"benholt","display_name":"ben 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diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_diseases?f_ri=175490"},{"id":74780,"name":"Mutation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mutation?f_ri=175490"},{"id":105062,"name":"Disease resistance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Disease_resistance?f_ri=175490"},{"id":113903,"name":"Bacteria","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bacteria?f_ri=175490"},{"id":159033,"name":"Genetic determinism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetic_determinism?f_ri=175490"},{"id":175490,"name":"Programmed cell death","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Programmed_cell_death?f_ri=175490"},{"id":202413,"name":"Arabidopsis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabidopsis?f_ri=175490"},{"id":324154,"name":"Immune system","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immune_system?f_ri=175490"},{"id":983317,"name":"Cell Cycle Proteins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Cycle_Proteins?f_ri=175490"},{"id":1015202,"name":"Hypersensitivity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hypersensitivity?f_ri=175490"},{"id":1181939,"name":"PLANT PROTEINS","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PLANT_PROTEINS?f_ri=175490"},{"id":2142568,"name":"Thallophyta","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thallophyta?f_ri=175490"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_13811095 coauthored" data-work_id="13811095" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/13811095/6_Hydroxydopamine_increases_the_level_of_TNF%CE%B1_and_bax_mRNA_in_the_striatum_and_induces_apoptosis_of_dopaminergic_neurons_in_hemiparkinsonian_rats">6-Hydroxydopamine increases the level of TNFα and bax mRNA in the striatum and induces apoptosis of dopaminergic neurons in hemiparkinsonian rats</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/13811095" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="154a42acb3d6fe182245adeb3a6a5dfd" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":44924594,"asset_id":13811095,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44924594/download_file?st=MTczMjQwNjM5OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32981374" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SaberaRu%C5%BEdiji%C4%87">Sabera Ruždijić</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32981374" type="text/json">{"id":32981374,"first_name":"Sabera","last_name":"Ruždijić","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SaberaRuždijić","display_name":"Sabera Ruždijić","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SaberaRu%C5%BEdiji%C4%87?f_ri=175490","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-13811095">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-13811095"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://bg.academia.edu/SelmaKanazir">Selma Kanazir</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-13811095'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-13811095').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li 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u-positionRelative">16</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="237" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science">Cognitive Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="237" type="text/json">{"id":237,"name":"Cognitive Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12071" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immunohistochemistry">Immunohistochemistry</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="12071" type="text/json">{"id":12071,"name":"Immunohistochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immunohistochemistry?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="24731" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Apoptosis">Apoptosis</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="24731" type="text/json">{"id":24731,"name":"Apoptosis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Apoptosis?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="51566" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dopamine">Dopamine</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="51566" type="text/json">{"id":51566,"name":"Dopamine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dopamine?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=13811095]'), work: {"id":13811095,"title":"6-Hydroxydopamine increases the level of TNFα and bax mRNA in the striatum and induces apoptosis of dopaminergic neurons in hemiparkinsonian rats","created_at":"2015-07-08T13:36:40.287-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/13811095/6_Hydroxydopamine_increases_the_level_of_TNF%CE%B1_and_bax_mRNA_in_the_striatum_and_induces_apoptosis_of_dopaminergic_neurons_in_hemiparkinsonian_rats?f_ri=175490","dom_id":"work_13811095","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":44924594,"asset_id":13811095,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":32981374,"first_name":"Sabera","last_name":"Ruždijić","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"SaberaRuždijić","display_name":"Sabera Ruždijić","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/SaberaRu%C5%BEdiji%C4%87?f_ri=175490","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":32910830,"first_name":"Selma","last_name":"Kanazir","domain_name":"bg","page_name":"SelmaKanazir","display_name":"Selma Kanazir","profile_url":"https://bg.academia.edu/SelmaKanazir?f_ri=175490","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":237,"name":"Cognitive 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expression levels","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/mRna_expression_levels?f_ri=175490"},{"id":375054,"name":"Rats","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rats?f_ri=175490"},{"id":413195,"name":"Time Factors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Time_Factors?f_ri=175490"},{"id":474029,"name":"Tumor necrosis factor-alpha","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tumor_necrosis_factor-alpha?f_ri=175490"},{"id":1239755,"name":"Neurosciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neurosciences?f_ri=175490"},{"id":1690528,"name":"Substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Substantia_nigra_pars_compacta_SNpc_?f_ri=175490"},{"id":2234200,"name":"Functional Laterality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Functional_Laterality?f_ri=175490"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_25556083" data-work_id="25556083" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/25556083/Induction_of_Programmed_Cell_Death_and_Immunosuppression_by_Exogenous_Sphingolipids_are_Separate_Processes">Induction of Programmed Cell Death and Immunosuppression by Exogenous Sphingolipids are Separate Processes</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/25556083" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d9b03b463aae4d7d8713533cf2513887" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":45888461,"asset_id":25556083,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/45888461/download_file?st=MTczMjQwNjM5OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32109941" href="https://independent.academia.edu/StephanLadisch">Stephan Ladisch</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32109941" type="text/json">{"id":32109941,"first_name":"Stephan","last_name":"Ladisch","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"StephanLadisch","display_name":"Stephan Ladisch","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/StephanLadisch?f_ri=175490","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_25556083 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="25556083"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 25556083, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_25556083", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_25556083 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x 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}); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_25556083").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="25556083"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="175490" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Programmed_cell_death">Programmed cell death</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="175490" type="text/json">{"id":175490,"name":"Programmed cell death","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Programmed_cell_death?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="279027" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European">European</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="279027" type="text/json">{"id":279027,"name":"European","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1681026" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_cell_biology">Biochemistry and cell biology</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1681026" type="text/json">{"id":1681026,"name":"Biochemistry and cell biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_cell_biology?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=25556083]'), work: {"id":25556083,"title":"Induction of Programmed Cell Death and Immunosuppression by Exogenous Sphingolipids are Separate Processes","created_at":"2016-05-23T12:30:16.244-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/25556083/Induction_of_Programmed_Cell_Death_and_Immunosuppression_by_Exogenous_Sphingolipids_are_Separate_Processes?f_ri=175490","dom_id":"work_25556083","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":45888461,"asset_id":25556083,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":32109941,"first_name":"Stephan","last_name":"Ladisch","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"StephanLadisch","display_name":"Stephan Ladisch","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/StephanLadisch?f_ri=175490","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":175490,"name":"Programmed cell death","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Programmed_cell_death?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":279027,"name":"European","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/European?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":1681026,"name":"Biochemistry and cell biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_cell_biology?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_76054403" data-work_id="76054403" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/76054403/Nitric_oxide_and_cnidarian_bleaching_an_eviction_notice_mediates_breakdown_of_a_symbiosis">Nitric oxide and cnidarian bleaching: an eviction notice mediates breakdown of a symbiosis</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">SUMMARY Nitric oxide (NO) is a free radical implicated in numerous cell signaling,physiological and pathophysiological processes of eukaryotic cells. Here, we describe the production of NO as part of the cellular stress response of the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_76054403" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">SUMMARY Nitric oxide (NO) is a free radical implicated in numerous cell signaling,physiological and pathophysiological processes of eukaryotic cells. Here, we describe the production of NO as part of the cellular stress response of the symbiotic sea anemone Aiptasia pallida, which hosts dinoflagellates from the genus Symbiodinium. We show that exposure to elevated temperatures induces symbiotic anemones to produce high levels of NO, leading to the collapse of the symbiosis. These results shed light on the poorly understood cellular mechanism through which elevated seawater temperature causes the release of symbiotic algae from symbiotic cnidarians, a detrimental process known as coral (cnidarian) bleaching. The results presented here show that the host cell is a major source of NO during exposure to elevated temperatures and that this constitutes a cytotoxic response leading to bleaching. These results have important evolutionary implications as the observed NO production in these b...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/76054403" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="39906fd8ae43199e6087db67ee592b1a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":83739643,"asset_id":76054403,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/83739643/download_file?st=MTczMjQwNjM5OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="167535688" href="https://independent.academia.edu/santiagoPerez368">santiago Perez</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="167535688" type="text/json">{"id":167535688,"first_name":"santiago","last_name":"Perez","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"santiagoPerez368","display_name":"santiago Perez","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/santiagoPerez368?f_ri=175490","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/167535688/50153074/38153472/s65_santiago.perez.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_76054403 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="76054403"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 76054403, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_76054403", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=76054403]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_76054403").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_76054403").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="76054403"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">18</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7043" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Symbiosis">Symbiosis</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7043" type="text/json">{"id":7043,"name":"Symbiosis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Symbiosis?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14292" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oxidative_Stress">Oxidative Stress</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14292" type="text/json">{"id":14292,"name":"Oxidative Stress","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oxidative_Stress?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17856" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Signaling">Cell Signaling</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17856" type="text/json">{"id":17856,"name":"Cell Signaling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Signaling?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="24706" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Innate_immunity">Innate immunity</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="24706" type="text/json">{"id":24706,"name":"Innate immunity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Innate_immunity?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=76054403]'), work: {"id":76054403,"title":"Nitric oxide and cnidarian bleaching: an eviction notice mediates breakdown of a symbiosis","created_at":"2022-04-10T20:19:46.925-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/76054403/Nitric_oxide_and_cnidarian_bleaching_an_eviction_notice_mediates_breakdown_of_a_symbiosis?f_ri=175490","dom_id":"work_76054403","summary":"SUMMARY Nitric oxide (NO) is a free radical implicated in numerous cell signaling,physiological and pathophysiological processes of eukaryotic cells. Here, we describe the production of NO as part of the cellular stress response of the symbiotic sea anemone Aiptasia pallida, which hosts dinoflagellates from the genus Symbiodinium. We show that exposure to elevated temperatures induces symbiotic anemones to produce high levels of NO, leading to the collapse of the symbiosis. These results shed light on the poorly understood cellular mechanism through which elevated seawater temperature causes the release of symbiotic algae from symbiotic cnidarians, a detrimental process known as coral (cnidarian) bleaching. The results presented here show that the host cell is a major source of NO during exposure to elevated temperatures and that this constitutes a cytotoxic response leading to bleaching. These results have important evolutionary implications as the observed NO production in these b...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":83739643,"asset_id":76054403,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":167535688,"first_name":"santiago","last_name":"Perez","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"santiagoPerez368","display_name":"santiago Perez","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/santiagoPerez368?f_ri=175490","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/167535688/50153074/38153472/s65_santiago.perez.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":7043,"name":"Symbiosis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Symbiosis?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":14292,"name":"Oxidative Stress","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oxidative_Stress?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":17856,"name":"Cell Signaling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Signaling?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":24706,"name":"Innate immunity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Innate_immunity?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":24731,"name":"Apoptosis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Apoptosis?f_ri=175490"},{"id":44022,"name":"Free Radical","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Free_Radical?f_ri=175490"},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences?f_ri=175490"},{"id":72878,"name":"Coral Bleaching","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coral_Bleaching?f_ri=175490"},{"id":93922,"name":"Nitric oxide","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nitric_oxide?f_ri=175490"},{"id":98707,"name":"Stress response","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stress_response?f_ri=175490"},{"id":99234,"name":"Animals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animals?f_ri=175490"},{"id":175490,"name":"Programmed cell death","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Programmed_cell_death?f_ri=175490"},{"id":434746,"name":"Model System","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Model_System?f_ri=175490"},{"id":602580,"name":"Sea anemones","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sea_anemones?f_ri=175490"},{"id":1068737,"name":"Elevated Temperature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Elevated_Temperature?f_ri=175490"},{"id":1764230,"name":"Experimental Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Biology?f_ri=175490"},{"id":2454817,"name":"Inflammatory response","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Inflammatory_response?f_ri=175490"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=175490"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_16625237" 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}); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_16625237").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="16625237"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">16</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="24124" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Morphogenesis">Morphogenesis</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="24124" type="text/json">{"id":24124,"name":"Morphogenesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Morphogenesis?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="24731" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Apoptosis">Apoptosis</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="24731" type="text/json">{"id":24731,"name":"Apoptosis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Apoptosis?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="29290" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oogenesis">Oogenesis</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="29290" type="text/json">{"id":29290,"name":"Oogenesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oogenesis?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="64568" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans">Humans</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="64568" type="text/json">{"id":64568,"name":"Humans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=16625237]'), work: {"id":16625237,"title":"Life and death of female gametes during oogenesis and 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D'Herde","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/KatharinaDHerde?f_ri=175490","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/35972391/19826136/162159049/s65_katharina.d_herde.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":24124,"name":"Morphogenesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Morphogenesis?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":24731,"name":"Apoptosis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Apoptosis?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":29290,"name":"Oogenesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oogenesis?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":64568,"name":"Humans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":69825,"name":"Negative Affect","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Negative_Affect?f_ri=175490"},{"id":98925,"name":"Female","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Female?f_ri=175490"},{"id":99234,"name":"Animals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animals?f_ri=175490"},{"id":103993,"name":"Assisted Reproduction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Assisted_Reproduction?f_ri=175490"},{"id":112576,"name":"Cell Death","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Death?f_ri=175490"},{"id":175490,"name":"Programmed cell death","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Programmed_cell_death?f_ri=175490"},{"id":186234,"name":"Medical Physiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Physiology?f_ri=175490"},{"id":306957,"name":"Ovarian Follicle","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ovarian_Follicle?f_ri=175490"},{"id":1258326,"name":"Follicular Fluid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Follicular_Fluid?f_ri=175490"},{"id":1355476,"name":"Premature Ovarian Failure","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Premature_Ovarian_Failure?f_ri=175490"},{"id":1681026,"name":"Biochemistry and cell biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_cell_biology?f_ri=175490"},{"id":1808972,"name":"Primordial Germ Cell","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Primordial_Germ_Cell?f_ri=175490"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_11727483" data-work_id="11727483" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/11727483/Effects_of_the_extract_of_Anemopaegma_mirandum_Catuaba_on_Rotenone_induced_apoptosis_in_human_neuroblastomas_SH_SY5Y_cells">Effects of the extract of Anemopaegma mirandum (Catuaba) on Rotenone-induced apoptosis in human neuroblastomas SH-SY5Y cells</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/11727483" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="83f74f2b56900ba81b10ed99a073503f" rel="nofollow" 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Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electron_Microscopy?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4391" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/EM">EM</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4391" type="text/json">{"id":4391,"name":"EM","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/EM?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14076" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transmission_Electron_Microscopy">Transmission Electron Microscopy</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="14076" type="text/json">{"id":14076,"name":"Transmission Electron Microscopy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transmission_Electron_Microscopy?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=11727483]'), work: {"id":11727483,"title":"Effects of the extract of 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Contrast","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phase_Contrast?f_ri=175490"},{"id":2256666,"name":"DNA fragmentation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA_fragmentation?f_ri=175490"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_15194258" data-work_id="15194258" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/15194258/Human_mast_cell_apoptosis_is_regulated_through_Bcl_2_and_Bcl_XL">Human mast cell apoptosis is regulated through Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">It is well established that human mast cell proliferation and maturation are regulated by kit ligand (stem cell factor). Little is known, however, about how these two processes are negatively regulated and thus, how mast cell number is... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_15194258" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">It is well established that human mast cell proliferation and maturation are regulated by kit ligand (stem cell factor). Little is known, however, about how these two processes are negatively regulated and thus, how mast cell number is controlled in normal and pathologic conditions. We therefore first hypothesized that SCF-dependent human mast cells would undergo programmed cell death (apoptosis) on removal of SCF as has been shown for growth factor-dependent rodent mast cells. We then examined whether SCF acts as a survival factor through the regulation of the bcl-2 family of apoptosis-regulatory genes. As hypothesized, elimination of SCF from primary peripheral blood-derived human mast cell cultures resulted in a significant apoptotic process. During apoptosis, down-regulation of the two apoptosis-regulatory proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL was observed. Moreover, a deregulated expression of these two proteins was found in two human mast cell lines which are SCF-independent. Thus, SCF fu...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/15194258" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2fb6cc8864881a4c1a66977bcc993d7d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":43468582,"asset_id":15194258,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/43468582/download_file?st=MTczMjQwNjM5OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="34253190" href="https://independent.academia.edu/YosephMekori">Yoseph Mekori</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="34253190" type="text/json">{"id":34253190,"first_name":"Yoseph","last_name":"Mekori","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"YosephMekori","display_name":"Yoseph Mekori","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/YosephMekori?f_ri=175490","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_15194258 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="15194258"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 15194258, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_15194258", }); 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Little is known, however, about how these two processes are negatively regulated and thus, how mast cell number is controlled in normal and pathologic conditions. We therefore first hypothesized that SCF-dependent human mast cells would undergo programmed cell death (apoptosis) on removal of SCF as has been shown for growth factor-dependent rodent mast cells. We then examined whether SCF acts as a survival factor through the regulation of the bcl-2 family of apoptosis-regulatory genes. As hypothesized, elimination of SCF from primary peripheral blood-derived human mast cell cultures resulted in a significant apoptotic process. During apoptosis, down-regulation of the two apoptosis-regulatory proteins Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL was observed. Moreover, a deregulated expression of these two proteins was found in two human mast cell lines which are SCF-independent. Thus, SCF fu...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":43468582,"asset_id":15194258,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":34253190,"first_name":"Yoseph","last_name":"Mekori","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"YosephMekori","display_name":"Yoseph Mekori","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/YosephMekori?f_ri=175490","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1290,"name":"Immunology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immunology?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":15570,"name":"Mast Cells","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mast_Cells?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":24731,"name":"Apoptosis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Apoptosis?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":49484,"name":"Clinical 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itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5488348/Conceptualizing_suicidal_genetically_engineered_microorganisms_for_bioremediation_applications">Conceptualizing “suicidal genetically engineered microorganisms” for bioremediation applications</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/5488348" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b3d42a6ddb7785cbf815d3380aa0f0cc" rel="nofollow" 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$(".js-view-count-work_5175804").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="5175804"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="72" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering">Chemical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="72" type="text/json">{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1036" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Meat_Science">Meat Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1036" type="text/json">{"id":1036,"name":"Meat Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Meat_Science?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="29980" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_Production">Animal Production</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="29980" type="text/json">{"id":29980,"name":"Animal Production","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_Production?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="112576" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Death">Cell Death</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="112576" type="text/json">{"id":112576,"name":"Cell Death","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Death?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=5175804]'), work: {"id":5175804,"title":"Revisiting the conversion of muscle into meat and the underlying 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Production","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animal_Production?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":112576,"name":"Cell Death","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Death?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":165800,"name":"Meat quality","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Meat_quality?f_ri=175490"},{"id":175490,"name":"Programmed cell death","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Programmed_cell_death?f_ri=175490"},{"id":573653,"name":"Food Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Sciences?f_ri=175490"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_24693874" data-work_id="24693874" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/24693874/Supplementation_of_L_carnitine_in_athletes_does_it_make_sense">Supplementation of L-carnitine in athletes: does it make sense?</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Studies in athletes have shown that carnitine supplementation may foster exercise performance. As reported in the majority of studies, an increase in maximal oxygen consumption and a lowering of the respiratory quotient indicate that... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_24693874" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Studies in athletes have shown that carnitine supplementation may foster exercise performance. As reported in the majority of studies, an increase in maximal oxygen consumption and a lowering of the respiratory quotient indicate that dietary carnitine has the potential to stimulate lipid metabolism. Treatment with L-carnitine also has been shown to induce a significant postexercise decrease in plasma lactate, which is formed and used continuously under fully aerobic conditions. Data from preliminary studies have indicated that L-carnitine supplementation can attenuate the deleterious effects of hypoxic training and speed up recovery from exercise stress. Recent data have indicated that L-carnitine plays a decisive role in the prevention of cellular damage and favorably affects recovery from exercise stress. Uptake of L-carnitine by blood cells may induce at least three mechanisms: 1) stimulation of hematopoiesis, 2) a dose-dependent inhibition of collagen-induced platelet aggregatio...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/24693874" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="8f6615a896c40d75c041a61082729881" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":45024702,"asset_id":24693874,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/45024702/download_file?st=MTczMjQwNjM5OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="47524843" href="https://independent.academia.edu/HeidrunKarlic">Heidrun Karlic</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="47524843" type="text/json">{"id":47524843,"first_name":"Heidrun","last_name":"Karlic","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"HeidrunKarlic","display_name":"Heidrun Karlic","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/HeidrunKarlic?f_ri=175490","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/47524843/18582484/18548809/s65_heidrun.karlic.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_24693874 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="24693874"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 24693874, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_24693874", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=24693874]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_24693874").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_24693874").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="24693874"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">21</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1907" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nutrition">Nutrition</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1907" type="text/json">{"id":1907,"name":"Nutrition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nutrition?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="24731" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Apoptosis">Apoptosis</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="24731" type="text/json">{"id":24731,"name":"Apoptosis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Apoptosis?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="37866" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hematopoiesis">Hematopoiesis</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="37866" type="text/json">{"id":37866,"name":"Hematopoiesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hematopoiesis?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="50456" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sports">Sports</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="50456" type="text/json">{"id":50456,"name":"Sports","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sports?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=24693874]'), work: {"id":24693874,"title":"Supplementation of L-carnitine in athletes: does it make sense?","created_at":"2016-04-23T13:48:25.809-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/24693874/Supplementation_of_L_carnitine_in_athletes_does_it_make_sense?f_ri=175490","dom_id":"work_24693874","summary":"Studies in athletes have shown that carnitine supplementation may foster exercise performance. As reported in the majority of studies, an increase in maximal oxygen consumption and a lowering of the respiratory quotient indicate that dietary carnitine has the potential to stimulate lipid metabolism. Treatment with L-carnitine also has been shown to induce a significant postexercise decrease in plasma lactate, which is formed and used continuously under fully aerobic conditions. Data from preliminary studies have indicated that L-carnitine supplementation can attenuate the deleterious effects of hypoxic training and speed up recovery from exercise stress. Recent data have indicated that L-carnitine plays a decisive role in the prevention of cellular damage and favorably affects recovery from exercise stress. Uptake of L-carnitine by blood cells may induce at least three mechanisms: 1) stimulation of hematopoiesis, 2) a dose-dependent inhibition of collagen-induced platelet aggregatio...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":45024702,"asset_id":24693874,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":47524843,"first_name":"Heidrun","last_name":"Karlic","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"HeidrunKarlic","display_name":"Heidrun Karlic","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/HeidrunKarlic?f_ri=175490","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/47524843/18582484/18548809/s65_heidrun.karlic.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1907,"name":"Nutrition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nutrition?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":24731,"name":"Apoptosis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Apoptosis?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":37866,"name":"Hematopoiesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hematopoiesis?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":50456,"name":"Sports","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sports?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":64568,"name":"Humans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans?f_ri=175490"},{"id":65641,"name":"Platelet aggregation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Platelet_aggregation?f_ri=175490"},{"id":79808,"name":"Collagen","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Collagen?f_ri=175490"},{"id":84924,"name":"Immunity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immunity?f_ri=175490"},{"id":87426,"name":"Regulation of Gene Expression","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Regulation_of_Gene_Expression?f_ri=175490"},{"id":89805,"name":"Weight Loss","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Weight_Loss?f_ri=175490"},{"id":135185,"name":"Exercise","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Exercise?f_ri=175490"},{"id":152562,"name":"Dietary Supplements","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dietary_Supplements?f_ri=175490"},{"id":175490,"name":"Programmed cell death","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Programmed_cell_death?f_ri=175490"},{"id":184609,"name":"Lipid metabolism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lipid_metabolism?f_ri=175490"},{"id":295453,"name":"L-carnitine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/L-carnitine?f_ri=175490"},{"id":325002,"name":"Respiratory Quotient","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Respiratory_Quotient?f_ri=175490"},{"id":486713,"name":"Fatty Acid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fatty_Acid?f_ri=175490"},{"id":1074508,"name":"Lactic Acid","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lactic_Acid?f_ri=175490"},{"id":1193624,"name":"Oxygen Consumption","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oxygen_Consumption?f_ri=175490"},{"id":1311469,"name":"Blood cells","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Blood_cells?f_ri=175490"},{"id":1861270,"name":"Maximal Oxygen Consumption","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Maximal_Oxygen_Consumption?f_ri=175490"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_75430625" data-work_id="75430625" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/75430625/Ethylene_and_programmed_cell_death_in_plants">Ethylene and programmed cell death in plants</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Plants produce and utilize the gaseous hydrocarbon ethylene as a phytohormone throughout their life cycle. Ethylene is notoriously associated with fruit ripening and this aspect of its biology, along with its biosynthesis and mechanisms... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_75430625" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Plants produce and utilize the gaseous hydrocarbon ethylene as a phytohormone throughout their life cycle. Ethylene is notoriously associated with fruit ripening and this aspect of its biology, along with its biosynthesis and mechanisms of signal transduction, has received a great deal of study. Many plants also employ ethylene signalling during instances of programmed cell death (PCD), including aerenchyma formation, epidermal PCD above emerging adventitious roots, senescence of petals, leaves, and reproductive structures, and endosperm death in developing cereal seeds. Ethylene-signalling during PCD is both spatially and temporally regulated, and is selective in that it induces PCD only in sensitized cells or tissues. This review examines instances of ethylene-regulated plant PCD, proposes a general model, and suggests avenues for future research that might improve our understanding of both PCD and ethylene signal transduction.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/75430625" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4653900fdb02d0366e2257f8030b13c3" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":83585372,"asset_id":75430625,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/83585372/download_file?st=MTczMjQwNjM5OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="50164934" href="https://independent.academia.edu/ChrisTrobacher">Chris Trobacher</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="50164934" type="text/json">{"id":50164934,"first_name":"Chris","last_name":"Trobacher","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ChrisTrobacher","display_name":"Chris Trobacher","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ChrisTrobacher?f_ri=175490","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_75430625 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="75430625"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 75430625, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_75430625", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_75430625 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75430625; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_75430625"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_75430625 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="75430625"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 75430625; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=75430625]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_75430625").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_75430625").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="75430625"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="148" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Botany">Botany</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="148" type="text/json">{"id":148,"name":"Botany","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Botany?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5541" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Biology">Plant Biology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5541" type="text/json">{"id":5541,"name":"Plant Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Biology?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7710" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology">Biology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7710" type="text/json">{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="150799" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aerenchyma">Aerenchyma</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="150799" type="text/json">{"id":150799,"name":"Aerenchyma","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aerenchyma?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=75430625]'), work: {"id":75430625,"title":"Ethylene and programmed cell death in plants","created_at":"2022-04-04T07:44:02.735-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/75430625/Ethylene_and_programmed_cell_death_in_plants?f_ri=175490","dom_id":"work_75430625","summary":"Plants produce and utilize the gaseous hydrocarbon ethylene as a phytohormone throughout their life cycle. Ethylene is notoriously associated with fruit ripening and this aspect of its biology, along with its biosynthesis and mechanisms of signal transduction, has received a great deal of study. Many plants also employ ethylene signalling during instances of programmed cell death (PCD), including aerenchyma formation, epidermal PCD above emerging adventitious roots, senescence of petals, leaves, and reproductive structures, and endosperm death in developing cereal seeds. Ethylene-signalling during PCD is both spatially and temporally regulated, and is selective in that it induces PCD only in sensitized cells or tissues. This review examines instances of ethylene-regulated plant PCD, proposes a general model, and suggests avenues for future research that might improve our understanding of both PCD and ethylene signal transduction.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":83585372,"asset_id":75430625,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":50164934,"first_name":"Chris","last_name":"Trobacher","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"ChrisTrobacher","display_name":"Chris Trobacher","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/ChrisTrobacher?f_ri=175490","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":148,"name":"Botany","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Botany?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":5541,"name":"Plant Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Biology?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":7710,"name":"Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biology?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":150799,"name":"Aerenchyma","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Aerenchyma?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":175490,"name":"Programmed cell death","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Programmed_cell_death?f_ri=175490"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_13843117" data-work_id="13843117" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/13843117/Apoptosis_by_dietary_factors_the_suicide_solution_for_delaying_cancer_growth">Apoptosis by dietary factors: the suicide solution for delaying cancer growth</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/13843117" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b9204502036283f88f0e4de080e4608f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":44889236,"asset_id":13843117,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44889236/download_file?st=MTczMjQwNjM5OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32935374" href="https://wisc.academia.edu/HasanMukhtar">Hasan Mukhtar</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32935374" type="text/json">{"id":32935374,"first_name":"Hasan","last_name":"Mukhtar","domain_name":"wisc","page_name":"HasanMukhtar","display_name":"Hasan Mukhtar","profile_url":"https://wisc.academia.edu/HasanMukhtar?f_ri=175490","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_13843117 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="13843117"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 13843117, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_13843117", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=13843117]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_13843117").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_13843117").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="13843117"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">12</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1907" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nutrition">Nutrition</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1907" type="text/json">{"id":1907,"name":"Nutrition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nutrition?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6021" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cancer">Cancer</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6021" type="text/json">{"id":6021,"name":"Cancer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cancer?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9478" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diet">Diet</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9478" type="text/json">{"id":9478,"name":"Diet","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diet?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="24731" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Apoptosis">Apoptosis</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="24731" type="text/json">{"id":24731,"name":"Apoptosis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Apoptosis?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=13843117]'), work: {"id":13843117,"title":"Apoptosis by dietary factors: the suicide solution for delaying cancer growth","created_at":"2015-07-09T09:06:00.828-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/13843117/Apoptosis_by_dietary_factors_the_suicide_solution_for_delaying_cancer_growth?f_ri=175490","dom_id":"work_13843117","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":44889236,"asset_id":13843117,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":32935374,"first_name":"Hasan","last_name":"Mukhtar","domain_name":"wisc","page_name":"HasanMukhtar","display_name":"Hasan Mukhtar","profile_url":"https://wisc.academia.edu/HasanMukhtar?f_ri=175490","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1907,"name":"Nutrition","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nutrition?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":6021,"name":"Cancer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cancer?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":9478,"name":"Diet","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diet?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":24731,"name":"Apoptosis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Apoptosis?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":54961,"name":"Growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Growth?f_ri=175490"},{"id":64568,"name":"Humans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans?f_ri=175490"},{"id":112576,"name":"Cell Death","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Death?f_ri=175490"},{"id":175490,"name":"Programmed cell death","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Programmed_cell_death?f_ri=175490"},{"id":288801,"name":"Apoptose","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Apoptose?f_ri=175490"},{"id":340262,"name":"Carcinogenesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carcinogenesis?f_ri=175490"},{"id":469018,"name":"Neoplasms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neoplasms?f_ri=175490"},{"id":782251,"name":"Cell Proliferation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Proliferation?f_ri=175490"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4705974" data-work_id="4705974" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4705974/Investment_analysis">Investment analysis</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Motor neurons degenerate in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The mechanisms for this neuronal cell death are not known, although apoptosis has been implicated. Oxidative damage to DNA and activation of p53 has been identified directly... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_4705974" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Motor neurons degenerate in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The mechanisms for this neuronal cell death are not known, although apoptosis has been implicated. Oxidative damage to DNA and activation of p53 has been identified directly in motor neurons in cases of ALS. We evaluated whether motor neuron degeneration in ALS is associated with changes in the levels and function of the multifunctional protein apurinic/apyrimidinic enodnuclease (APE/Ref-1). APE/Ref-1 functions as an enzyme in the DNA base-excision repair pathway and as a redox-regulation protein for transcription factors. The protein level and localization of APE/Ref-1 are changed in ALS. Immunoblotting showed that APE/Ref-1 protein levels are increased in selectively vulnerable central nervous system (CNS) regions in individuals with ALS compared to age-matched controls. Plasmid DNA repair assay demonstrated that APE from individuals with ALS is competent in repairing apurinic (AP) sites. DNA repair function in nuclear fractions is increased significantly in ALS motor cortex and spinal cord. Immunocytochemistry and single-cell densitometry revealed that APE/Ref-1 is expressed at lower levels in control motor neurons than in ALS motor neurons, which are decreased in number by 42% in motor cortex. APE/Ref-1 is increased in the nucleus of remaining upper motor neurons in ALS, which show a 38% loss of nuclear area. APE-Ref-1 is also upregulated in astrocytes in spinal cord white matter pathways in familial ALS. We conclude that mechanisms for DNA repair are activated in ALS, supporting the possibility that DNA damage is an upstream mechanism for motor neuron degeneration in this disease.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4705974" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="3f19c5e954e832b446caceef0e98089e" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":49676807,"asset_id":4705974,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49676807/download_file?st=MTczMjQwNjM5OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="6005483" href="https://ewubd.academia.edu/AbdullaArif">Abdulla Arif</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="6005483" type="text/json">{"id":6005483,"first_name":"Abdulla","last_name":"Arif","domain_name":"ewubd","page_name":"AbdullaArif","display_name":"Abdulla Arif","profile_url":"https://ewubd.academia.edu/AbdullaArif?f_ri=175490","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6005483/2538757/2946699/s65_abdulla.arif.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4705974 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4705974"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4705974, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4705974", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4705974]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_4705974").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_4705974").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="4705974"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">33</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11271" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Motor_neuron">Motor neuron</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11271" type="text/json">{"id":11271,"name":"Motor neuron","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Motor_neuron?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14292" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oxidative_Stress">Oxidative Stress</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14292" type="text/json">{"id":14292,"name":"Oxidative Stress","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oxidative_Stress?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23066" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA_damage">DNA damage</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="23066" type="text/json">{"id":23066,"name":"DNA damage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA_damage?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23067" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA_repair">DNA repair</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="23067" type="text/json">{"id":23067,"name":"DNA repair","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA_repair?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=4705974]'), work: {"id":4705974,"title":"Investment analysis","created_at":"2013-10-07T15:59:53.630-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/4705974/Investment_analysis?f_ri=175490","dom_id":"work_4705974","summary":"Motor neurons degenerate in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The mechanisms for this neuronal cell death are not known, although apoptosis has been implicated. Oxidative damage to DNA and activation of p53 has been identified directly in motor neurons in cases of ALS. We evaluated whether motor neuron degeneration in ALS is associated with changes in the levels and function of the multifunctional protein apurinic/apyrimidinic enodnuclease (APE/Ref-1). APE/Ref-1 functions as an enzyme in the DNA base-excision repair pathway and as a redox-regulation protein for transcription factors. The protein level and localization of APE/Ref-1 are changed in ALS. Immunoblotting showed that APE/Ref-1 protein levels are increased in selectively vulnerable central nervous system (CNS) regions in individuals with ALS compared to age-matched controls. Plasmid DNA repair assay demonstrated that APE from individuals with ALS is competent in repairing apurinic (AP) sites. DNA repair function in nuclear fractions is increased significantly in ALS motor cortex and spinal cord. Immunocytochemistry and single-cell densitometry revealed that APE/Ref-1 is expressed at lower levels in control motor neurons than in ALS motor neurons, which are decreased in number by 42% in motor cortex. APE/Ref-1 is increased in the nucleus of remaining upper motor neurons in ALS, which show a 38% loss of nuclear area. APE-Ref-1 is also upregulated in astrocytes in spinal cord white matter pathways in familial ALS. We conclude that mechanisms for DNA repair are activated in ALS, supporting the possibility that DNA damage is an upstream mechanism for motor neuron degeneration in this disease.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":49676807,"asset_id":4705974,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":6005483,"first_name":"Abdulla","last_name":"Arif","domain_name":"ewubd","page_name":"AbdullaArif","display_name":"Abdulla Arif","profile_url":"https://ewubd.academia.edu/AbdullaArif?f_ri=175490","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6005483/2538757/2946699/s65_abdulla.arif.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":11271,"name":"Motor neuron","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Motor_neuron?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":14292,"name":"Oxidative Stress","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oxidative_Stress?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":23066,"name":"DNA 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itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/24565434/Tomato_Plants_Overexpressing_a_Celery_Mannitol_Dehydrogenase_MTD_Have_Decreased_Susceptibility_to_and_lt_i_and_gt_Botrytis_cinerea_and_lt_i_and_gt">Tomato Plants Overexpressing a Celery Mannitol Dehydrogenase (MTD) Have Decreased Susceptibility to &lt;i&gt;Botrytis cinerea&lt;/i&gt</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/24565434" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=17870766]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_17870766").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_17870766").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="17870766"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="61235" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cardiac_arrest">Cardiac arrest</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="61235" type="text/json">{"id":61235,"name":"Cardiac arrest","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cardiac_arrest?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="175490" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Programmed_cell_death">Programmed cell death</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="175490" type="text/json">{"id":175490,"name":"Programmed cell death","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Programmed_cell_death?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="541092" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cerebral_Ischemia">Cerebral Ischemia</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="541092" type="text/json">{"id":541092,"name":"Cerebral Ischemia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cerebral_Ischemia?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="715895" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carotid_Body">Carotid Body</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="715895" type="text/json">{"id":715895,"name":"Carotid Body","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carotid_Body?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=17870766]'), work: {"id":17870766,"title":"Brainstem Sensitivity to Hypoxia and Ischemia","created_at":"2015-11-06T09:46:37.722-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/17870766/Brainstem_Sensitivity_to_Hypoxia_and_Ischemia?f_ri=175490","dom_id":"work_17870766","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":41980090,"asset_id":17870766,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":32868221,"first_name":"Joseph","last_name":"LaManna","domain_name":"case","page_name":"JosephLamanna","display_name":"Joseph C LaManna","profile_url":"https://case.academia.edu/JosephLamanna?f_ri=175490","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":61235,"name":"Cardiac arrest","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cardiac_arrest?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":175490,"name":"Programmed cell death","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Programmed_cell_death?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":541092,"name":"Cerebral Ischemia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cerebral_Ischemia?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":715895,"name":"Carotid Body","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carotid_Body?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":970066,"name":"Cerebral Blood Flow","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cerebral_Blood_Flow?f_ri=175490"},{"id":1736795,"name":"Brain Hypoxia-Ischemia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Brain_Hypoxia-Ischemia?f_ri=175490"},{"id":1796877,"name":"Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vascular_Endothelial_Growth_Factor?f_ri=175490"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_3671700" data-work_id="3671700" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3671700/Cyanobacteria_and_ultraviolet_radiation_UVR_stress_Mitigation_strategies">Cyanobacteria and ultraviolet radiation (UVR) stress: Mitigation strategies</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Cyanobacteria are primitive photosynthetic oxygen-evolving prokaryotes that appeared on the Earth when there was no ozone layer to protect them from damaging ultraviolet radiation (UVR). UVR has both direct and indirect effects on the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_3671700" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Cyanobacteria are primitive photosynthetic oxygen-evolving prokaryotes that appeared on the Earth when there was no ozone layer to protect them from damaging ultraviolet radiation (UVR). UVR has both direct and indirect effects on the cyanobacteria due to absorption by biomolecules and UVR-induced oxidative stress, respectively. However, these organisms have developed several lines of mitigation strategies/defense mechanisms such as avoidance, scavenging, screening, repair and programmed cell death to counteract the damaging effects of UVR. This review presents an update on the effects of UVR on cyanobacteria and the defense mechanisms employed by these prokaryotes to withstand UVR stress. In addition, recent developments in the field of molecular biology of UV-absorbing compounds such as mycosporine-like amino acids and scytonemin, are also added and the possible role of programmed cell death, signal perception as well their transduction under UVR stress is being discussed.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/3671700" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5b9ee12a7474cd857a53b3aba631dcd7" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50182959,"asset_id":3671700,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50182959/download_file?st=MTczMjQwNjM5OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="3299012" href="https://bhu-in.academia.edu/RajeshwarSinha">Rajeshwar Sinha</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="3299012" type="text/json">{"id":3299012,"first_name":"Rajeshwar","last_name":"Sinha","domain_name":"bhu-in","page_name":"RajeshwarSinha","display_name":"Rajeshwar Sinha","profile_url":"https://bhu-in.academia.edu/RajeshwarSinha?f_ri=175490","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3299012/1831504/2179812/s65_rajeshwar.sinha.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_3671700 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="3671700"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 3671700, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_3671700", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3671700]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_3671700").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_3671700").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="3671700"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">16</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2513" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Biology">Molecular Biology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2513" type="text/json">{"id":2513,"name":"Molecular Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Biology?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9752" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cyanobacteria">Cyanobacteria</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9752" type="text/json">{"id":9752,"name":"Cyanobacteria","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cyanobacteria?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14292" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oxidative_Stress">Oxidative Stress</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14292" type="text/json">{"id":14292,"name":"Oxidative Stress","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oxidative_Stress?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="23067" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA_repair">DNA repair</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="23067" type="text/json">{"id":23067,"name":"DNA repair","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA_repair?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=3671700]'), work: {"id":3671700,"title":"Cyanobacteria and ultraviolet radiation (UVR) stress: Mitigation strategies","created_at":"2013-06-07T19:00:02.925-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/3671700/Cyanobacteria_and_ultraviolet_radiation_UVR_stress_Mitigation_strategies?f_ri=175490","dom_id":"work_3671700","summary":"Cyanobacteria are primitive photosynthetic oxygen-evolving prokaryotes that appeared on the Earth when there was no ozone layer to protect them from damaging ultraviolet radiation (UVR). UVR has both direct and indirect effects on the cyanobacteria due to absorption by biomolecules and UVR-induced oxidative stress, respectively. However, these organisms have developed several lines of mitigation strategies/defense mechanisms such as avoidance, scavenging, screening, repair and programmed cell death to counteract the damaging effects of UVR. This review presents an update on the effects of UVR on cyanobacteria and the defense mechanisms employed by these prokaryotes to withstand UVR stress. In addition, recent developments in the field of molecular biology of UV-absorbing compounds such as mycosporine-like amino acids and scytonemin, are also added and the possible role of programmed cell death, signal perception as well their transduction under UVR stress is being discussed.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50182959,"asset_id":3671700,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3299012,"first_name":"Rajeshwar","last_name":"Sinha","domain_name":"bhu-in","page_name":"RajeshwarSinha","display_name":"Rajeshwar Sinha","profile_url":"https://bhu-in.academia.edu/RajeshwarSinha?f_ri=175490","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3299012/1831504/2179812/s65_rajeshwar.sinha.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2513,"name":"Molecular 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Development","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neural_Development?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="57148" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neural_stem_cell">Neural stem cell</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="57148" type="text/json">{"id":57148,"name":"Neural stem cell","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neural_stem_cell?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="112576" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Death">Cell Death</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="112576" type="text/json">{"id":112576,"name":"Cell Death","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Death?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=15756009]'), work: {"id":15756009,"title":"Regulation of Neural Stem Cell 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Degeneration Retardation Gene Is Required for Tapetum Degradation and Anther Development</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/35426251" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6d2fdbf12db2564161df643e4b9d115f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":55287310,"asset_id":35426251,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" 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biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_cell_biology?f_ri=175490"},{"id":2256666,"name":"DNA fragmentation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA_fragmentation?f_ri=175490"},{"id":2467566,"name":"Molecular Sequence Data","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Sequence_Data?f_ri=175490"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_21096399" data-work_id="21096399" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/21096399/Effects_of_dietary_flavonoids_on_apoptotic_pathways_related_to_cancer_chemoprevention">Effects of dietary flavonoids on apoptotic pathways related to cancer chemoprevention</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul 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data-has-card-for-ri="591" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nutrition_and_Dietetics">Nutrition and Dietetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="591" type="text/json">{"id":591,"name":"Nutrition and Dietetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nutrition_and_Dietetics?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9478" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diet">Diet</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9478" type="text/json">{"id":9478,"name":"Diet","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Diet?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="16765" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cancer_Prevention">Cancer Prevention</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="16765" type="text/json">{"id":16765,"name":"Cancer Prevention","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cancer_Prevention?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="22052" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flavonoids">Flavonoids</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="22052" type="text/json">{"id":22052,"name":"Flavonoids","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flavonoids?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=21096399]'), work: {"id":21096399,"title":"Effects of dietary flavonoids on apoptotic pathways related to cancer 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Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Food_Sciences?f_ri=175490"},{"id":1036777,"name":"Epidemiologic Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Epidemiologic_Studies?f_ri=175490"},{"id":1212380,"name":"Intracellular Signaling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Intracellular_Signaling?f_ri=175490"},{"id":1223957,"name":"Catechin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Catechin?f_ri=175490"},{"id":1681026,"name":"Biochemistry and cell biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_cell_biology?f_ri=175490"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_13314620 coauthored" data-work_id="13314620" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/13314620/pRb2_p130_gene_overexpression_induces_astrocyte_differentiation">pRb2/p130 gene overexpression induces astrocyte differentiation</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">There are many data on the activity of the RB gene in neural differentiation and apoptosis, but the role of pRb2/p130 in neuronal and glial maturation has been far less investigated. To elucidate the role of pRb2/p130 in astrocyte... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_13314620" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">There are many data on the activity of the RB gene in neural differentiation and apoptosis, but the role of pRb2/p130 in neuronal and glial maturation has been far less investigated. To elucidate the role of pRb2/p130 in astrocyte development we overexpressed this protein in astrocytoma and normal astrocyte cultures by adenoviral-mediated gene transfer. In astrocytoma cells, p130/RB2 overexpression resulted in a significant reduction of cell growth and in an increased G(0)/G(1) cell population. We did not observe any induction of programmed cell death as determined by TUNEL reaction. Interestingly, pRb2/p130 overexpression induced astrocyte differentiation. Astrocyte cell cycle arrest and differentiation seemed to proceed through a way distinct from the p53 pathway.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/13314620" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7b046b6171b4add4166218efe0c6d2bc" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":45481165,"asset_id":13314620,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/45481165/download_file?st=MTczMjQwNjM5OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="32561850" href="https://unina2.academia.edu/MariarosaMelone">Mariarosa Melone</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="32561850" type="text/json">{"id":32561850,"first_name":"Mariarosa","last_name":"Melone","domain_name":"unina2","page_name":"MariarosaMelone","display_name":"Mariarosa Melone","profile_url":"https://unina2.academia.edu/MariarosaMelone?f_ri=175490","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/32561850/18245145/18219965/s65_mariarosa.melone.jpg"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-13314620">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-13314620"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://unina2.academia.edu/MarilenaCipollaro">Marilena Cipollaro</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-13314620'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-13314620').html(); 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To elucidate the role of pRb2/p130 in astrocyte development we overexpressed this protein in astrocytoma and normal astrocyte cultures by adenoviral-mediated gene transfer. In astrocytoma cells, p130/RB2 overexpression resulted in a significant reduction of cell growth and in an increased G(0)/G(1) cell population. We did not observe any induction of programmed cell death as determined by TUNEL reaction. Interestingly, pRb2/p130 overexpression induced astrocyte differentiation. Astrocyte cell cycle arrest and differentiation seemed to proceed through a way distinct from the p53 pathway.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":45481165,"asset_id":13314620,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":32561850,"first_name":"Mariarosa","last_name":"Melone","domain_name":"unina2","page_name":"MariarosaMelone","display_name":"Mariarosa Melone","profile_url":"https://unina2.academia.edu/MariarosaMelone?f_ri=175490","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/32561850/18245145/18219965/s65_mariarosa.melone.jpg"},{"id":32697816,"first_name":"Marilena","last_name":"Cipollaro","domain_name":"unina2","page_name":"MarilenaCipollaro","display_name":"Marilena Cipollaro","profile_url":"https://unina2.academia.edu/MarilenaCipollaro?f_ri=175490","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":237,"name":"Cognitive Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cognitive_Science?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":24731,"name":"Apoptosis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Apoptosis?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":27784,"name":"Gene expression","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gene_expression?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":38650,"name":"Cell Division","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Division?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":60436,"name":"Cell Differentiation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Differentiation?f_ri=175490"},{"id":63067,"name":"Molecular and cellular biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_and_cellular_biology?f_ri=175490"},{"id":99234,"name":"Animals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animals?f_ri=175490"},{"id":111011,"name":"Gene transfer techniques","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gene_transfer_techniques?f_ri=175490"},{"id":130116,"name":"Astrocyte","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Astrocyte?f_ri=175490"},{"id":175490,"name":"Programmed cell death","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Programmed_cell_death?f_ri=175490"},{"id":181569,"name":"Proteins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Proteins?f_ri=175490"},{"id":196442,"name":"Astrocytes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Astrocytes?f_ri=175490"},{"id":375054,"name":"Rats","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rats?f_ri=175490"},{"id":485569,"name":"Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Glial_Fibrillary_Acidic_Protein?f_ri=175490"},{"id":594811,"name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cellular_and_Molecular_Neuroscience?f_ri=175490"},{"id":809799,"name":"Cell Cycle Arrest","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Cycle_Arrest?f_ri=175490"},{"id":859051,"name":"Astrocytoma","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Astrocytoma?f_ri=175490"},{"id":983317,"name":"Cell Cycle Proteins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Cycle_Proteins?f_ri=175490"},{"id":1239755,"name":"Neurosciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neurosciences?f_ri=175490"},{"id":1263242,"name":"Vimentin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Vimentin?f_ri=175490"},{"id":1706341,"name":"Gene Transfer","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gene_Transfer?f_ri=175490"},{"id":1877951,"name":"Cell Size","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Size?f_ri=175490"},{"id":1954130,"name":"Cell Growth","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Growth?f_ri=175490"},{"id":1975965,"name":"retinoblastoma protein (RB1).","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/retinoblastoma_protein_RB1_?f_ri=175490"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_10328952" data-work_id="10328952" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10328952/Efficient_production_of_genetically_engineered_male_sterile_Arabidopsis_thaliana_using_anther_specific_promoters_and_genes_derived_from_Brassica_oleracea_and_B_rapa">Efficient production of genetically engineered, male-sterile Arabidopsis thaliana using anther-specific promoters and genes derived from Brassica oleracea and B. rapa</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Prevention of transgene flow from genetically modified crops to food crops and wild relatives is of concern in agricultural biotechnology. We used genes derived from food crops to produce complete male sterility as a strategy for gene... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_10328952" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Prevention of transgene flow from genetically modified crops to food crops and wild relatives is of concern in agricultural biotechnology. We used genes derived from food crops to produce complete male sterility as a strategy for gene confinement as well as to reduce the food purity concerns of consumers. Anther-specific promoters (A3, A6, A9, MS2, and MS5) were isolated from Brassica oleracea and B. rapa and fused to the β-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter gene and candidate genes for male sterility, including the cysteine proteases BoCysP1 and BoCP3, and negative regulatory components of phytohormonal responses involved in male development. These constructs were then introduced into Arabidopsis thaliana. GUS analyses revealed that A3, A6, and A9 had tapetum-specific promoter activity from the anther meiocyte stage. Male sterility was confirmed in tested constructs with protease or gibberellin insensitive (gai) genes. In particular, constructs with BoCysP1 driven by the A3 or A9 promoter most efficiently produced plants with complete male sterility. The tapetum and middle layer cells of anthers expressing BoCysP1 were swollen and excessively vacuolated when observed in transverse section. This suggests that the ectopic expression of cysteine protease in the meiocyte stage may inhibit programmed cell death. The gai gene also induced male sterility, although at a low frequency. This is the first report to show that plant cysteine proteases and gai from food crops are available as a novel tool for the development of genetically engineered male-sterile plants.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/10328952" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="9f26067ceda6b0955d03dd96d890e58b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47435800,"asset_id":10328952,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47435800/download_file?st=MTczMjQwNjM5OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="25321952" href="https://affrc.academia.edu/MaiTsuda">Mai Tsuda</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="25321952" type="text/json">{"id":25321952,"first_name":"Mai","last_name":"Tsuda","domain_name":"affrc","page_name":"MaiTsuda","display_name":"Mai Tsuda","profile_url":"https://affrc.academia.edu/MaiTsuda?f_ri=175490","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/25321952/8045961/9010532/s65_mai.tsuda.jpg_oh_ec59ad84007000d83594450beb67758d_oe_55b123f0___gda___1437977421_5537c47482fa4b1a55ace32098d8cc7c"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_10328952 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="10328952"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 10328952, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_10328952", }); 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The tapetum and middle layer cells of anthers expressing BoCysP1 were swollen and excessively vacuolated when observed in transverse section. This suggests that the ectopic expression of cysteine protease in the meiocyte stage may inhibit programmed cell death. The gai gene also induced male sterility, although at a low frequency. This is the first report to show that plant cysteine proteases and gai from food crops are available as a novel tool for the development of genetically engineered male-sterile plants.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47435800,"asset_id":10328952,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":25321952,"first_name":"Mai","last_name":"Tsuda","domain_name":"affrc","page_name":"MaiTsuda","display_name":"Mai Tsuda","profile_url":"https://affrc.academia.edu/MaiTsuda?f_ri=175490","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/25321952/8045961/9010532/s65_mai.tsuda.jpg_oh_ec59ad84007000d83594450beb67758d_oe_55b123f0___gda___1437977421_5537c47482fa4b1a55ace32098d8cc7c"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3442,"name":"Production","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Production?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":4313,"name":"Gene Flow","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gene_Flow?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":5541,"name":"Plant 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href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetics">Genetics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="156" type="text/json">{"id":156,"name":"Genetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetics?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4559" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reproduction">Reproduction</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4559" type="text/json">{"id":4559,"name":"Reproduction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reproduction?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5541" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Biology">Plant Biology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5541" type="text/json">{"id":5541,"name":"Plant Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Biology?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="24731" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Apoptosis">Apoptosis</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="24731" type="text/json">{"id":24731,"name":"Apoptosis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Apoptosis?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=13464589]'), work: {"id":13464589,"title":"Alfalfa Mob1-like Genes are Expressed in Reproductive Organs during Meiosis and Gametogenesis","created_at":"2015-07-01T00:42:12.389-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/13464589/Alfalfa_Mob1_like_Genes_are_Expressed_in_Reproductive_Organs_during_Meiosis_and_Gametogenesis?f_ri=175490","dom_id":"work_13464589","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":45317993,"asset_id":13464589,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":32691156,"first_name":"Margherita","last_name":"Lucchin","domain_name":"unipd","page_name":"MargheritaLucchin","display_name":"Margherita Lucchin","profile_url":"https://unipd.academia.edu/MargheritaLucchin?f_ri=175490","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":35484042,"first_name":"Gianni","last_name":"Barcaccia","domain_name":"unipd","page_name":"GianniBarcaccia","display_name":"Gianni Barcaccia","profile_url":"https://unipd.academia.edu/GianniBarcaccia?f_ri=175490","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/35484042/12105650/13484465/s65_gianni.barcaccia.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":156,"name":"Genetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetics?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":4559,"name":"Reproduction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reproduction?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":5541,"name":"Plant Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Biology?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":24731,"name":"Apoptosis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Apoptosis?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":25657,"name":"Plant Molecular Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Molecular_Biology?f_ri=175490"},{"id":27784,"name":"Gene expression","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gene_expression?f_ri=175490"},{"id":54433,"name":"Phylogeny","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Phylogeny?f_ri=175490"},{"id":67484,"name":"Sequence alignment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sequence_alignment?f_ri=175490"},{"id":73564,"name":"Meiosis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Meiosis?f_ri=175490"},{"id":130822,"name":"Flowers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Flowers?f_ri=175490"},{"id":175490,"name":"Programmed cell death","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Programmed_cell_death?f_ri=175490"},{"id":436755,"name":"Degeneration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Degeneration?f_ri=175490"},{"id":579551,"name":"Pollen dispersal","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pollen_dispersal?f_ri=175490"},{"id":809881,"name":"Amino Acid Sequence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Amino_Acid_Sequence?f_ri=175490"},{"id":809882,"name":"Base Sequence","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Base_Sequence?f_ri=175490"},{"id":1027717,"name":"Embryos","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Embryos?f_ri=175490"},{"id":1181939,"name":"PLANT PROTEINS","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PLANT_PROTEINS?f_ri=175490"},{"id":1625995,"name":"Gametogenesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gametogenesis?f_ri=175490"},{"id":1681026,"name":"Biochemistry and cell biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biochemistry_and_cell_biology?f_ri=175490"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_49113910" data-work_id="49113910" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/49113910/Mitochondrial_control_of_nuclear_apoptosis">Mitochondrial control of nuclear apoptosis</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Anucleate cells can be induced to undergo programmed cell death (PCD), indicating the existence of a cytoplasmic PCD pathway that functions independently from the nucleus. Cytoplasmic structures including mitochondria have been shown to... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_49113910" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Anucleate cells can be induced to undergo programmed cell death (PCD), indicating the existence of a cytoplasmic PCD pathway that functions independently from the nucleus. Cytoplasmic structures including mitochondria have been shown to participate in the control of apoptotic nuclear disintegration. Before cells exhibit common signs of nuclear apoptosis (chromatin condensation and endonuclease-mediated DNA fragmentation), they undergo a reduction of the mitochondrial transmembrane potential (delta psi m) that may be due to the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition (PT) pores. Here, we present direct evidence indicating that mitochondrial PT constitutes a critical early event of the apoptotic process. In a cell-free system combining purified mitochondria and nuclei, mitochondria undergoing PT suffice to induce chromatin condensation and DNA fragmentation. Induction of PT by pharmacological agents augments the apoptosis-inducing potential of mitochondria. In contrast, preve...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/49113910" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4fe4db00ed8ffbeb351eda700b956110" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":67507123,"asset_id":49113910,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/67507123/download_file?st=MTczMjQwNjM5OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="44133879" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NaoufalZAMZAMI">Naoufal ZAMZAMI</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="44133879" type="text/json">{"id":44133879,"first_name":"Naoufal","last_name":"ZAMZAMI","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NaoufalZAMZAMI","display_name":"Naoufal ZAMZAMI","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NaoufalZAMZAMI?f_ri=175490","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_49113910 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="49113910"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 49113910, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_49113910", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_49113910 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 49113910; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_49113910"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_49113910 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="49113910"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 49113910; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=49113910]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_49113910").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_49113910").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="49113910"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">15</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15719" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mitochondria">Mitochondria</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15719" type="text/json">{"id":15719,"name":"Mitochondria","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mitochondria?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="24731" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Apoptosis">Apoptosis</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="24731" type="text/json">{"id":24731,"name":"Apoptosis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Apoptosis?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="83972" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Permeability">Permeability</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="83972" type="text/json">{"id":83972,"name":"Permeability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Permeability?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="84760" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mice">Mice</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="84760" type="text/json">{"id":84760,"name":"Mice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mice?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=49113910]'), work: {"id":49113910,"title":"Mitochondrial control of nuclear apoptosis","created_at":"2021-06-03T12:30:54.523-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/49113910/Mitochondrial_control_of_nuclear_apoptosis?f_ri=175490","dom_id":"work_49113910","summary":"Anucleate cells can be induced to undergo programmed cell death (PCD), indicating the existence of a cytoplasmic PCD pathway that functions independently from the nucleus. Cytoplasmic structures including mitochondria have been shown to participate in the control of apoptotic nuclear disintegration. Before cells exhibit common signs of nuclear apoptosis (chromatin condensation and endonuclease-mediated DNA fragmentation), they undergo a reduction of the mitochondrial transmembrane potential (delta psi m) that may be due to the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition (PT) pores. Here, we present direct evidence indicating that mitochondrial PT constitutes a critical early event of the apoptotic process. In a cell-free system combining purified mitochondria and nuclei, mitochondria undergoing PT suffice to induce chromatin condensation and DNA fragmentation. Induction of PT by pharmacological agents augments the apoptosis-inducing potential of mitochondria. In contrast, preve...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":67507123,"asset_id":49113910,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":44133879,"first_name":"Naoufal","last_name":"ZAMZAMI","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NaoufalZAMZAMI","display_name":"Naoufal ZAMZAMI","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NaoufalZAMZAMI?f_ri=175490","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":15719,"name":"Mitochondria","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mitochondria?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":24731,"name":"Apoptosis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Apoptosis?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":83972,"name":"Permeability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Permeability?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":84760,"name":"Mice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mice?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":99234,"name":"Animals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animals?f_ri=175490"},{"id":111545,"name":"Male","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Male?f_ri=175490"},{"id":161176,"name":"The","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The?f_ri=175490"},{"id":175490,"name":"Programmed cell death","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Programmed_cell_death?f_ri=175490"},{"id":317801,"name":"Cell nucleus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_nucleus?f_ri=175490"},{"id":554586,"name":"Experimental Medicine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Experimental_Medicine?f_ri=175490"},{"id":965028,"name":"Cell free System","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_free_System?f_ri=175490"},{"id":2256666,"name":"DNA fragmentation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA_fragmentation?f_ri=175490"},{"id":3529047,"name":"Mitochondrial swelling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mitochondrial_swelling?f_ri=175490"},{"id":3723734,"name":"Transmembrane potential","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transmembrane_potential?f_ri=175490"},{"id":3763225,"name":"Medical and Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_and_Health_Sciences?f_ri=175490"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_6039352" data-work_id="6039352" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6039352/Major_cell_death_pathways_at_a_glance">Major cell death pathways at a glance</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Cell death is a crucial process during development, homeostasis and immune regulation of multicellular organisms, and its dysregulation is associated with numerous pathologies. Cell death is often induced upon pathogen infection as part... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_6039352" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Cell death is a crucial process during development, homeostasis and immune regulation of multicellular organisms, and its dysregulation is associated with numerous pathologies. Cell death is often induced upon pathogen infection as part of the defense mechanism, and pathogens have evolved strategies to modulate host cell death. In this review, we will discuss the molecular mechanisms and physiological relevance of four major types of programmed cell death, namely apoptosis, necrosis, autophagic cell death and pyroptosis.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/6039352" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="f6a1e8c8eab8e341e23f72a5caf1a673" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":49044798,"asset_id":6039352,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49044798/download_file?st=MTczMjQwNjQwMCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="9067420" href="https://vib.academia.edu/TomVandenBerghe">Tom Vanden Berghe</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="9067420" type="text/json">{"id":9067420,"first_name":"Tom","last_name":"Vanden Berghe","domain_name":"vib","page_name":"TomVandenBerghe","display_name":"Tom Vanden Berghe","profile_url":"https://vib.academia.edu/TomVandenBerghe?f_ri=175490","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/9067420/3146375/11307497/s65_tom.vanden_berghe.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_6039352 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="6039352"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 6039352, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_6039352", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=6039352]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_6039352").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_6039352").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="6039352"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">36</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="159" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology">Microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="159" type="text/json">{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1290" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immunology">Immunology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1290" type="text/json">{"id":1290,"name":"Immunology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immunology?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6947" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology">Medical Microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6947" type="text/json">{"id":6947,"name":"Medical Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Medical_Microbiology?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17923" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Autophagy">Autophagy</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="17923" type="text/json">{"id":17923,"name":"Autophagy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Autophagy?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=6039352]'), work: {"id":6039352,"title":"Major cell death pathways at a glance","created_at":"2014-02-11T18:50:25.862-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/6039352/Major_cell_death_pathways_at_a_glance?f_ri=175490","dom_id":"work_6039352","summary":"Cell death is a crucial process during development, homeostasis and immune regulation of multicellular organisms, and its dysregulation is associated with numerous pathologies. Cell death is often induced upon pathogen infection as part of the defense mechanism, and pathogens have evolved strategies to modulate host cell death. In this review, we will discuss the molecular mechanisms and physiological relevance of four major types of programmed cell death, namely apoptosis, necrosis, autophagic cell death and pyroptosis.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":49044798,"asset_id":6039352,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":9067420,"first_name":"Tom","last_name":"Vanden Berghe","domain_name":"vib","page_name":"TomVandenBerghe","display_name":"Tom Vanden Berghe","profile_url":"https://vib.academia.edu/TomVandenBerghe?f_ri=175490","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/9067420/3146375/11307497/s65_tom.vanden_berghe.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":1290,"name":"Immunology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immunology?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":6947,"name":"Medical 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Transduction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Signal_Transduction?f_ri=175490"},{"id":62996,"name":"Par","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Par?f_ri=175490"},{"id":64568,"name":"Humans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans?f_ri=175490"},{"id":91391,"name":"mTOR","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/mTOR?f_ri=175490"},{"id":94729,"name":"RNAi","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/RNAi?f_ri=175490"},{"id":99234,"name":"Animals","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Animals?f_ri=175490"},{"id":104401,"name":"Ant","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ant?f_ri=175490"},{"id":109739,"name":"Infection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Infection?f_ri=175490"},{"id":112576,"name":"Cell Death","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Death?f_ri=175490"},{"id":118969,"name":"Immune regulation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immune_regulation?f_ri=175490"},{"id":160498,"name":"TNF","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/TNF?f_ri=175490"},{"id":168639,"name":"Bcl","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bcl?f_ri=175490"},{"id":175490,"name":"Programmed cell death","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Programmed_cell_death?f_ri=175490"},{"id":214558,"name":"AIM","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/AIM?f_ri=175490"},{"id":245381,"name":"Trail","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Trail?f_ri=175490"},{"id":273338,"name":"IL","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/IL?f_ri=175490"},{"id":288801,"name":"Apoptose","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Apoptose?f_ri=175490"},{"id":458204,"name":"Ded","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ded?f_ri=175490"},{"id":459046,"name":"Disc","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Disc?f_ri=175490"},{"id":494836,"name":"ASC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/ASC?f_ri=175490"},{"id":511624,"name":"LC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/LC?f_ri=175490"},{"id":571119,"name":"LPC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/LPC?f_ri=175490"},{"id":595079,"name":"MAPK","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/MAPK?f_ri=175490"},{"id":668178,"name":"Tnf 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u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/6039342/Molecular_mechanisms_of_necroptosis_an_ordered_cellular_explosion">Molecular mechanisms of necroptosis: an ordered cellular explosion</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/6039342" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="dd6d31bd6de5281179f629a36dd8dca1" rel="nofollow" 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type="text/json">{"id":15719,"name":"Mitochondria","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mitochondria?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17491" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Macrophages">Macrophages</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17491" type="text/json">{"id":17491,"name":"Macrophages","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Macrophages?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="24124" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Morphogenesis">Morphogenesis</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="24124" type="text/json">{"id":24124,"name":"Morphogenesis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Morphogenesis?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=6039342]'), work: {"id":6039342,"title":"Molecular mechanisms of necroptosis: an 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death","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Programmed_cell_death?f_ri=175490"},{"id":420887,"name":"Viral Infection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Viral_Infection?f_ri=175490"},{"id":448603,"name":"Necrosis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Necrosis?f_ri=175490"},{"id":979298,"name":"Lysosomes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lysosomes?f_ri=175490"},{"id":1242344,"name":"Plasma Membrane","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plasma_Membrane?f_ri=175490"},{"id":2468093,"name":"Cell Membrane","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Membrane?f_ri=175490"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_9859443" data-work_id="9859443" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9859443/Bioenergetics_and_death">Bioenergetics and death</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Specific inhibitors of mitochondrial functions were used in studies on the relation between bioenergetics and programmed cell death. The data of the authors are discussed in the review.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/9859443" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2a84905a3f0c77975b3f9d906d385aa5" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":47624943,"asset_id":9859443,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/47624943/download_file?st=MTczMjQwNjQwMCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="23907909" href="https://moscowstate.academia.edu/KonstantinLyamzaev">Konstantin Lyamzaev</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="23907909" type="text/json">{"id":23907909,"first_name":"Konstantin","last_name":"Lyamzaev","domain_name":"moscowstate","page_name":"KonstantinLyamzaev","display_name":"Konstantin Lyamzaev","profile_url":"https://moscowstate.academia.edu/KonstantinLyamzaev?f_ri=175490","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/23907909/17769238/17796018/s65_konstantin.lyamzaev.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_9859443 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="9859443"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 9859443, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_9859443", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=9859443]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_9859443").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_9859443").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="9859443"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12981" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Enzyme_Inhibitors">Enzyme Inhibitors</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="12981" type="text/json">{"id":12981,"name":"Enzyme Inhibitors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Enzyme_Inhibitors?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="15719" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mitochondria">Mitochondria</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="15719" type="text/json">{"id":15719,"name":"Mitochondria","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mitochondria?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="24731" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Apoptosis">Apoptosis</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="24731" type="text/json">{"id":24731,"name":"Apoptosis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Apoptosis?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="36213" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy_Metabolism">Energy Metabolism</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="36213" type="text/json">{"id":36213,"name":"Energy Metabolism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy_Metabolism?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=9859443]'), work: {"id":9859443,"title":"Bioenergetics and death","created_at":"2014-12-21T23:47:06.395-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/9859443/Bioenergetics_and_death?f_ri=175490","dom_id":"work_9859443","summary":"Specific inhibitors of mitochondrial functions were used in studies on the relation between bioenergetics and programmed cell death. The data of the authors are discussed in the review.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":47624943,"asset_id":9859443,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":23907909,"first_name":"Konstantin","last_name":"Lyamzaev","domain_name":"moscowstate","page_name":"KonstantinLyamzaev","display_name":"Konstantin Lyamzaev","profile_url":"https://moscowstate.academia.edu/KonstantinLyamzaev?f_ri=175490","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/23907909/17769238/17796018/s65_konstantin.lyamzaev.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":12981,"name":"Enzyme Inhibitors","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Enzyme_Inhibitors?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":15719,"name":"Mitochondria","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mitochondria?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":24731,"name":"Apoptosis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Apoptosis?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":36213,"name":"Energy 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class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34627509/Myelodysplastic_syndromes_an_update_on_molecular_pathology">Myelodysplastic syndromes: an update on molecular pathology</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34627509" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c05e39ad4b571c2ae30c4a2b22a7060a" rel="nofollow" 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type="text/json">{"id":40993,"name":"Molecular Pathology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Molecular_Pathology?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="55332" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gene_Mapping">Gene Mapping</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="55332" type="text/json">{"id":55332,"name":"Gene Mapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gene_Mapping?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="57808" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_line">Cell line</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="57808" type="text/json">{"id":57808,"name":"Cell line","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_line?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=34627509]'), work: {"id":34627509,"title":"Myelodysplastic syndromes: an update on 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Mapping","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gene_Mapping?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":57808,"name":"Cell line","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_line?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":64568,"name":"Humans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans?f_ri=175490"},{"id":67422,"name":"Myelodysplastic Syndrome","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Myelodysplastic_Syndrome?f_ri=175490"},{"id":121665,"name":"DNA methylation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/DNA_methylation?f_ri=175490"},{"id":159239,"name":"Bone marrow","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bone_marrow?f_ri=175490"},{"id":175490,"name":"Programmed cell death","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Programmed_cell_death?f_ri=175490"},{"id":324154,"name":"Immune system","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Immune_system?f_ri=175490"},{"id":521881,"name":"World Health Organization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/World_Health_Organization?f_ri=175490"},{"id":1347359,"name":"Histone Acetylation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Histone_Acetylation?f_ri=175490"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34431478" data-work_id="34431478" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34431478/20_Years_of_Cell_Death_Chapter15_pdf">20 Years of Cell Death - Chapter15.pdf</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The ability of hosts to trigger cell death upon virus infection, especially apoptosis, is key in limiting the extent of viral propagation and damage to the organism. Many viruses through their own proteins have evolved around this hurdle... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34431478" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The ability of hosts to trigger cell death upon virus infection, especially apoptosis, is key in limiting the extent of viral propagation and damage to the organism. Many viruses through their own proteins have evolved around this hurdle by adapting their life cycles around the process of cell death where some viruses reproduce favorably when the infected cells are killed. It is generally accepted that most human viruses play with the cell death pathways, depending on the cells infected. Common targets of virus-induced cell death (apoptosis mostly) are cells of the immune system, and this can even determine the outcome and severity of viral infection. Viruses that reproduce less in cells that activate cell death pathways have viral proteins that turn on stress response signaling like autophagy to prolong the life of their host as viruses are produced. We also have our disposal knowledge about individual viral proteins (and in some cases, specific domains) inducing or inhibiting cell death pathways (apoptosis, autophagy) in different cells. Induction or repression of various cell survival pathways, therefore, plays an important role in viral pathogenicity apart from the canonical stress pathways. A better understanding of the signaling pathways that viruses affect to kill or protect the infected cells will allow for the development of new antiviral therapies. This review focuses on key cell death and survival pathways manipulated during influenza, dengue and chikungunya infection, with special emphasis on the role of viral proteins, thus exploring the chance of using them for therapeutics.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34431478" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="05abfda5c04ff6011bcf577a9029745f" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54307535,"asset_id":34431478,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54307535/download_file?st=MTczMjQwNjQwMCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="9200691" href="https://queens-cuny.academia.edu/SounakGhoshRoy">Sounak Ghosh Roy</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="9200691" type="text/json">{"id":9200691,"first_name":"Sounak","last_name":"Ghosh Roy","domain_name":"queens-cuny","page_name":"SounakGhoshRoy","display_name":"Sounak Ghosh Roy","profile_url":"https://queens-cuny.academia.edu/SounakGhoshRoy?f_ri=175490","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/9200691/17624098/17679935/s65_sounak.ghosh_roy.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34431478 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34431478"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34431478, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34431478", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34431478]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_34431478").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_34431478").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="34431478"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="29372" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/RNA_viruses">RNA viruses</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="29372" type="text/json">{"id":29372,"name":"RNA viruses","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/RNA_viruses?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="39979" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dengue_Virus">Dengue Virus</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="39979" type="text/json">{"id":39979,"name":"Dengue Virus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dengue_Virus?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="40279" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Influenza_virus">Influenza virus</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="40279" type="text/json">{"id":40279,"name":"Influenza virus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Influenza_virus?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="131177" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_death_mechanisms">Cell death mechanisms</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="131177" type="text/json">{"id":131177,"name":"Cell death mechanisms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_death_mechanisms?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=34431478]'), work: {"id":34431478,"title":"20 Years of Cell Death - Chapter15.pdf","created_at":"2017-08-31T20:43:56.523-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/34431478/20_Years_of_Cell_Death_Chapter15_pdf?f_ri=175490","dom_id":"work_34431478","summary":"The ability of hosts to trigger cell death upon virus infection, especially apoptosis, is key in limiting the extent of viral propagation and damage to the organism. Many viruses through their own proteins have evolved around this hurdle by adapting their life cycles around the process of cell death where some viruses reproduce favorably when the infected cells are killed. It is generally accepted that most human viruses play with the cell death pathways, depending on the cells infected. Common targets of virus-induced cell death (apoptosis mostly) are cells of the immune system, and this can even determine the outcome and severity of viral infection. Viruses that reproduce less in cells that activate cell death pathways have viral proteins that turn on stress response signaling like autophagy to prolong the life of their host as viruses are produced. We also have our disposal knowledge about individual viral proteins (and in some cases, specific domains) inducing or inhibiting cell death pathways (apoptosis, autophagy) in different cells. Induction or repression of various cell survival pathways, therefore, plays an important role in viral pathogenicity apart from the canonical stress pathways. A better understanding of the signaling pathways that viruses affect to kill or protect the infected cells will allow for the development of new antiviral therapies. This review focuses on key cell death and survival pathways manipulated during influenza, dengue and chikungunya infection, with special emphasis on the role of viral proteins, thus exploring the chance of using them for therapeutics.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54307535,"asset_id":34431478,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":9200691,"first_name":"Sounak","last_name":"Ghosh Roy","domain_name":"queens-cuny","page_name":"SounakGhoshRoy","display_name":"Sounak Ghosh Roy","profile_url":"https://queens-cuny.academia.edu/SounakGhoshRoy?f_ri=175490","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/9200691/17624098/17679935/s65_sounak.ghosh_roy.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":29372,"name":"RNA viruses","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/RNA_viruses?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":39979,"name":"Dengue Virus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dengue_Virus?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":40279,"name":"Influenza virus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Influenza_virus?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":131177,"name":"Cell death mechanisms","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_death_mechanisms?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":175490,"name":"Programmed cell death","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Programmed_cell_death?f_ri=175490"},{"id":877165,"name":"Chikungunya Virus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chikungunya_Virus?f_ri=175490"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_3404310" data-work_id="3404310" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3404310/REACTIVE_OXYGEN_SPECIES_Metabolism_Oxidative_Stress_and_Signal_Transduction">REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES: Metabolism, Oxidative Stress, and Signal Transduction</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/3404310" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b552d3cb2a3b876540e7d39b95a13738" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50296842,"asset_id":3404310,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" 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amiri","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/bahmanamiri?f_ri=175490","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3963470/3236163/3808579/s65_bahman.amiri.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_3404310 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="3404310"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 3404310, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_3404310", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_3404310 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3404310; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = 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href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oxidative_Stress">Oxidative Stress</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14292" type="text/json">{"id":14292,"name":"Oxidative Stress","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oxidative_Stress?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="20290" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abiotic_Stress">Abiotic Stress</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="20290" type="text/json">{"id":20290,"name":"Abiotic Stress","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abiotic_Stress?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=3404310]'), work: {"id":3404310,"title":"REACTIVE OXYGEN SPECIES: Metabolism, Oxidative Stress, and Signal Transduction","created_at":"2013-04-27T14:48:30.500-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/3404310/REACTIVE_OXYGEN_SPECIES_Metabolism_Oxidative_Stress_and_Signal_Transduction?f_ri=175490","dom_id":"work_3404310","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50296842,"asset_id":3404310,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":3963470,"first_name":"bahman","last_name":"amiri","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"bahmanamiri","display_name":"bahman amiri","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/bahmanamiri?f_ri=175490","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/3963470/3236163/3808579/s65_bahman.amiri.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":156,"name":"Genetics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Genetics?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":5541,"name":"Plant Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_Biology?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":14292,"name":"Oxidative Stress","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oxidative_Stress?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":20290,"name":"Abiotic Stress","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Abiotic_Stress?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":38831,"name":"Signal Transduction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Signal_Transduction?f_ri=175490"},{"id":66973,"name":"Plant diseases","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plant_diseases?f_ri=175490"},{"id":82978,"name":"Reactive Oxygen Species","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reactive_Oxygen_Species?f_ri=175490"},{"id":133873,"name":"Plants","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Plants?f_ri=175490"},{"id":175490,"name":"Programmed cell death","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Programmed_cell_death?f_ri=175490"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_12858963" data-work_id="12858963" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12858963/Oxidation_products_of_polyamines_induce_mitochondrial_uncoupling_and_cytochrome_c_release">Oxidation products of polyamines induce mitochondrial uncoupling and cytochrome c release</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12858963" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="188dbbd4dd4d191a34c3ef06c7232cd8" rel="nofollow" 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In this study, we show that the amount of cell proliferation in the ventricular zone of the hippocampus (HP) and the... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_18367811" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">It is known from previous work that neurones are born continuously in the ventricular zone of the bird brain. In this study, we show that the amount of cell proliferation in the ventricular zone of the hippocampus (HP) and the hyperstriatum ventrale (HV) is influenced by behavioural experience. Two groups of birds (marsh tits) were compared: those allowed to store and retrieve food once every 3 days between days 35 and 56, and age-matched controls treated in an identical way, except that they were not allowed to store and retrieve food. After three trials of storing and retrieval, between days 35 and 41 posthatch, experienced birds showed a significantly higher rate of cell proliferation than did controls. The experienced birds also showed a significant increase in total cell and neuronal number by day 56 posthatch, after eight trials of storing and retrieval. There were no significant differences in the amount of programmed cell death in the hippocampus in this study. In a novel analysis of the data we demonstrate that the effect of experience between days 35 and 41 was to increase the daily rate of neurogenesis in the ventricular zone from 3.9 to 10%, and that this change could account for the increase in total hippocampal neuronal number by day 56 in the experienced birds. Thus, the observed increase in hippocampal volume and neuronal number as a result of food storing and retrieval, may be caused by an increase in neurogenesis in the first few trials of food storing experience.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/18367811" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="7e1af5428f7cc933b07320c0e1a225f5" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":42174421,"asset_id":18367811,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42174421/download_file?st=MTczMjQwNjQwMCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="127319" href="https://cambridge.academia.edu/NickySClayton">Nicky S Clayton</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="127319" type="text/json">{"id":127319,"first_name":"Nicky","last_name":"S Clayton","domain_name":"cambridge","page_name":"NickySClayton","display_name":"Nicky S Clayton","profile_url":"https://cambridge.academia.edu/NickySClayton?f_ri=175490","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_18367811 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="18367811"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 18367811, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_18367811", }); 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In this study, we show that the amount of cell proliferation in the ventricular zone of the hippocampus (HP) and the hyperstriatum ventrale (HV) is influenced by behavioural experience. Two groups of birds (marsh tits) were compared: those allowed to store and retrieve food once every 3 days between days 35 and 56, and age-matched controls treated in an identical way, except that they were not allowed to store and retrieve food. After three trials of storing and retrieval, between days 35 and 41 posthatch, experienced birds showed a significantly higher rate of cell proliferation than did controls. The experienced birds also showed a significant increase in total cell and neuronal number by day 56 posthatch, after eight trials of storing and retrieval. There were no significant differences in the amount of programmed cell death in the hippocampus in this study. In a novel analysis of the data we demonstrate that the effect of experience between days 35 and 41 was to increase the daily rate of neurogenesis in the ventricular zone from 3.9 to 10%, and that this change could account for the increase in total hippocampal neuronal number by day 56 in the experienced birds. Thus, the observed increase in hippocampal volume and neuronal number as a result of food storing and retrieval, may be caused by an increase in neurogenesis in the first few trials of food storing experience.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":42174421,"asset_id":18367811,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":127319,"first_name":"Nicky","last_name":"S Clayton","domain_name":"cambridge","page_name":"NickySClayton","display_name":"Nicky S Clayton","profile_url":"https://cambridge.academia.edu/NickySClayton?f_ri=175490","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":24731,"name":"Apoptosis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Apoptosis?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false},{"id":38650,"name":"Cell 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type="text/json">{"id":24731,"name":"Apoptosis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Apoptosis?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="64568" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans">Humans</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="64568" type="text/json">{"id":64568,"name":"Humans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Humans?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="70552" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Keratinocytes">Keratinocytes</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="70552" type="text/json">{"id":70552,"name":"Keratinocytes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Keratinocytes?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=749314]'), work: {"id":749314,"title":"Cell death in the 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href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Caenorhabditis_elegans">Caenorhabditis elegans</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2889" type="text/json">{"id":2889,"name":"Caenorhabditis elegans","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Caenorhabditis_elegans?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11298" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Membrane_Proteins">Membrane Proteins</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="11298" type="text/json">{"id":11298,"name":"Membrane Proteins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Membrane_Proteins?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13827" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Biology">Cell Biology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="13827" type="text/json">{"id":13827,"name":"Cell Biology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cell_Biology?f_ri=175490","nofollow":false}</script><a 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class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/26424598/Natural_molecules_as_tumour_inhibitors_Promises_and_prospects">Natural molecules as tumour inhibitors: Promises and prospects</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/26424598" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="47194cd6c92c6b2869e153631c5f7105" rel="nofollow" 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