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<span>Battle</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Battle-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aftermath" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aftermath"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Aftermath</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aftermath-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Historical_consequence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historical_consequence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Historical consequence</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Historical_consequence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet 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Available in 18 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-18" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">18 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A9_%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%83%D9%88%D8%B1_(1250)" title="معركة فارسكور (1250) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="معركة فارسكور (1250)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B3%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%AF%D8%A4%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B4%D9%88" title="فاریسکور دؤیوشو – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="فاریسکور دؤیوشو" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A7" title="ফারিসকুরের যুদ্ধ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ফারিসকুরের যুদ্ধ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batalla_de_Fariskur" title="Batalla de Fariskur – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Batalla de Fariskur" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batalla_de_Fariskur" title="Batalla de Fariskur – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Batalla de Fariskur" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%AF_%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B3%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%B1" title="نبرد فاریسکور – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نبرد فاریسکور" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bataille_de_Fariskur" title="Bataille de Fariskur – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bataille de Fariskur" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EB%A6%AC%EC%8A%A4%ED%81%AC%EB%A5%B4_%EC%A0%84%ED%88%AC" title="파리스크르 전투 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="파리스크르 전투" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pertempuran_Fariskur" title="Pertempuran Fariskur – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Pertempuran Fariskur" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battaglia_di_Fariskur_(1250)" title="Battaglia di Fariskur (1250) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Battaglia di Fariskur (1250)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%91_%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%A1%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%A8" title="קרב פארסכור – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קרב פארסכור" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A4%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%99%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%91%E1%83%A0%E1%83%AB%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90" title="ფარისკურის ბრძოლა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ფარისკურის ბრძოლა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slag_bij_Fariskur" title="Slag bij Fariskur – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Slag bij Fariskur" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitwa_pod_Fariskur" title="Bitwa pod Fariskur – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Bitwa pod Fariskur" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8_%D0%A4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Битва при Фарискуре – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Битва при Фарискуре" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D0%A4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Битка код Фарискура – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Битка код Фарискура" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labanan_sa_Fariskur" title="Labanan sa Fariskur – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" 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.status>p:first-child{margin:0}</style><table class="infobox vevent" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th class="summary" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Battle of Fariskur</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;">Part of the <a href="/wiki/Seventh_Crusade" title="Seventh Crusade">Seventh Crusade</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:C_croisade7_prisonnier1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/C_croisade7_prisonnier1.jpg/220px-C_croisade7_prisonnier1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="285" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/C_croisade7_prisonnier1.jpg/330px-C_croisade7_prisonnier1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/C_croisade7_prisonnier1.jpg/440px-C_croisade7_prisonnier1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2183" data-file-height="2827" /></a></span><br />Capture of King Luis</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2"><table style="width:100%;margin:0;padding:0;border:0;display:inline-table"><tbody><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Date</th><td>6 April 1250</td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Location</th><td><div class="location"><a href="/wiki/Faraskur" title="Faraskur">Faraskur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ayyubid_dynasty" title="Ayyubid dynasty">Ayyubid Egypt</a></div></td></tr><tr><th style="padding-right:1em">Result</th><td class="status"> <a href="/wiki/Ayyubid_dynasty" title="Ayyubid dynasty"> Ayyubid</a> victory</td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Belligerents</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <p><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Saladin%27s_Standard.svg/23px-Saladin%27s_Standard.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Saladin%27s_Standard.svg/35px-Saladin%27s_Standard.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Saladin%27s_Standard.svg/45px-Saladin%27s_Standard.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><b><a href="/wiki/Ayyubid_dynasty" title="Ayyubid dynasty">Ayyubid Sultanate</a></b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Egyptians" title="Egyptians">Egyptian </a> <a href="/wiki/Fellahin" class="mw-redirect" title="Fellahin">Fellahin</a></li></ul></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_France_%28XII-XIII%29.svg/15px-Flag_of_France_%28XII-XIII%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_France_%28XII-XIII%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_France_%28XII-XIII%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_France_%28XII-XIII%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_France_%28XII-XIII%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/France_in_the_Middle_Ages" title="France in the Middle Ages">Kingdom of France</a></b></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Bandeira_Templ%C3%A1ria.svg/23px-Bandeira_Templ%C3%A1ria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Bandeira_Templ%C3%A1ria.svg/35px-Bandeira_Templ%C3%A1ria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Bandeira_Templ%C3%A1ria.svg/46px-Bandeira_Templ%C3%A1ria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Knights_Templar" title="Knights Templar">Knights Templar</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg/15px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg/23px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg/30px-Cross_of_the_Knights_Hospitaller.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="60" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Knights_Hospitaller" title="Knights Hospitaller">Knights Hospitaller</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Commanders and leaders</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> <p><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Saladin%27s_Standard.svg/23px-Saladin%27s_Standard.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Saladin%27s_Standard.svg/35px-Saladin%27s_Standard.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Saladin%27s_Standard.svg/45px-Saladin%27s_Standard.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Al-Muazzam_Turanshah" title="Al-Muazzam Turanshah">Turanshah</a></b> </p> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Saladin%27s_Standard.svg/23px-Saladin%27s_Standard.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Saladin%27s_Standard.svg/35px-Saladin%27s_Standard.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Saladin%27s_Standard.svg/45px-Saladin%27s_Standard.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Qutuz" title="Qutuz">Qutuz</a></td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_France_%28XII-XIII%29.svg/15px-Flag_of_France_%28XII-XIII%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_France_%28XII-XIII%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_France_%28XII-XIII%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_France_%28XII-XIII%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_France_%28XII-XIII%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Louis_IX_of_France" title="Louis IX of France">Louis IX of France</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Surrender_(military)" title="Surrendered"><img alt="Surrendered" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/White_flag_icon.svg/14px-White_flag_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/White_flag_icon.svg/21px-White_flag_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/White_flag_icon.svg/28px-White_flag_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="351" /></a></span></b><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Blason_Guillaume_de_Sonnac.svg/14px-Blason_Guillaume_de_Sonnac.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Blason_Guillaume_de_Sonnac.svg/21px-Blason_Guillaume_de_Sonnac.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Blason_Guillaume_de_Sonnac.svg/27px-Blason_Guillaume_de_Sonnac.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="660" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Guillaume_de_Sonnac" title="Guillaume de Sonnac">Guillaume de Sonnac</a> <a href="/wiki/Killed_in_action" title="Killed in action"><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','Old English Text MT',serif"><b>†</b></span></a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_France_%28XII-XIII%29.svg/15px-Flag_of_France_%28XII-XIII%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_France_%28XII-XIII%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_France_%28XII-XIII%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_France_%28XII-XIII%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_France_%28XII-XIII%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Jean_de_Joinville" title="Jean de Joinville">Jean de Joinville</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Surrender_(military)" title="Surrendered"><img alt="Surrendered" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/White_flag_icon.svg/14px-White_flag_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/White_flag_icon.svg/21px-White_flag_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/White_flag_icon.svg/28px-White_flag_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="351" /></a></span><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Strength</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> Unknown</td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> 15,000<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKonstam2002178_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKonstam2002178-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br />30,000–100,000 according to primary Muslim sources<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBohn1969550_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBohn1969550-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Casualties and losses</th></tr><tr><td style="width:50%;border-right:1px dotted #aaa;"> Unknown</td><td style="width:50%;padding-left:0.25em"> 10,000–30,000 according to primary Muslim source<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBohn1969550_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBohn1969550-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output 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style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_Crusades_Battles" title="Template talk:Campaignbox Crusades Battles"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_Crusades_Battles" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox Crusades Battles"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Crusades:_battles_in_the_Levant_(1096–1303)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="line-height:1.6em"><a href="/wiki/Crusades" title="Crusades">Crusades</a>: battles in the <a href="/wiki/Levant" title="Levant">Levant</a> (1096–1303)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><b><a href="/wiki/First_Crusade" title="First Crusade">First Crusade</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Xerigordos" title="Siege of Xerigordos">Xerigordos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Civetot" title="Battle of Civetot">Civetot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Nicaea" title="Siege of Nicaea">Nicaea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Dorylaeum_(1097)" title="Battle of Dorylaeum (1097)">1st Dorylaeum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Antioch" title="Siege of Antioch">1st Antioch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expedition_to_Samosata" title="Expedition to Samosata">Samosata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Antioch_(1098)" title="Battle of Antioch (1098)">2nd Antioch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Ma%27arra" title="Siege of Ma'arra">Ma'arra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_from_Antioch_to_Jerusalem_during_the_First_Crusade" title="March from Antioch to Jerusalem during the First Crusade">Arqa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Jerusalem_(1099)" title="Siege of Jerusalem (1099)">1st Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ascalon" title="Battle of Ascalon">1st Ascalon</a></li></ul> <p><b>Period post-First Crusade</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_siege_of_Arsuf" title="First siege of Arsuf">Arsuf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Melitene" title="Battle of Melitene">Melitene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mersivan" title="Battle of Mersivan">Mersivan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crusade_of_1101#The_Nivernois" title="Crusade of 1101">1st Heraclea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crusade_of_1101#The_French_and_Bavarians" title="Crusade of 1101">2nd Heraclea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ramla_(1101)" title="Battle of Ramla (1101)">1st Ramla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ramla_(1102)" title="Battle of Ramla (1102)">2nd Ramla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Tripoli" title="Siege of Tripoli">1st Tripoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Acre_(1103)" title="Siege of Acre (1103)">1st Acre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Acre_(1104)" title="Siege of Acre (1104)">2nd Acre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Harran" title="Battle of Harran">Harran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ramla_(1105)" title="Battle of Ramla (1105)">3rd Ramla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Artah" title="Battle of Artah">Artah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Beirut_(1110)" title="Siege of Beirut (1110)">Beirut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Sidon" title="Siege of Sidon">Sidon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Tyre_(1111%E2%80%931112)" title="Siege of Tyre (1111–1112)">1st Tyre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Shaizar" title="Battle of Shaizar">1st Shaizar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Al-Sannabra" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Al-Sannabra">Al-Sannabra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sarmin" title="Battle of Sarmin">Sarmin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ager_Sanguinis" title="Battle of Ager Sanguinis">Ager Sanguinis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hab" title="Battle of Hab">Hab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venetian_Crusade" title="Venetian Crusade">Jaffa and 2nd Tyre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Yibneh" title="Battle of Yibneh">Yibneh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Aleppo_(1124)" title="Siege of Aleppo (1124)">1st Aleppo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Azaz_(1125)" title="Battle of Azaz (1125)">Azaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Marj_al-Saffar_(1126)" title="Battle of Marj al-Saffar (1126)">Marj al-Saffar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Atharib_(1130)" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of al-Atharib (1130)">al-Atharib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rafaniyya" title="Battle of Rafaniyya">Rafaniyya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zengid_campaign_against_Antioch" title="Zengid campaign against Antioch">Antioch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Qinnasrin" title="Battle of Qinnasrin">Qinnasrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ba%27rin" title="Battle of Ba'rin">Ba'rin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Aleppo_(1138)" title="Siege of Aleppo (1138)">2nd Aleppo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Shaizar" title="Siege of Shaizar">2nd Shaizar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Edessa_(1144)" title="Siege of Edessa (1144)">Edessa 1144</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Edessa_(1146)" title="Siege of Edessa (1146)">Edessa 1146</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bosra_(1147)" title="Battle of Bosra (1147)">Bosra</a></li></ul> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Second_Crusade" title="Second Crusade">Second Crusade</a></b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Constantinople_(1147)" title="Battle of Constantinople (1147)">1st Constantinople</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Dorylaeum_(1147)" title="Battle of Dorylaeum (1147)">2nd Dorylaeum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ephesus_(1147)" title="Battle of Ephesus (1147)">Ephesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Meander" title="Battle of the Meander">Meander Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mount_Cadmus" title="Battle of Mount Cadmus">Mount Cadmus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Damascus_(1148)" title="Siege of Damascus (1148)">Damascus</a></li></ul> <p><b>Period post-Second Crusade</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Inab" title="Battle of Inab">Inab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Aintab" title="Battle of Aintab">Aintab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Ascalon" title="Siege of Ascalon">2nd Ascalon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Lake_Huleh_(1157)" title="Battle of Lake Huleh (1157)">Lake Huleh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Butaiha" title="Battle of Butaiha">Butaiha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Buqaia" title="Battle of al-Buqaia">al-Buqaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Harim" title="Battle of Harim">Harim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Bilbeis" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Bilbeis">1st Bilbeis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_al-Babein" title="Battle of al-Babein">al-Babein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Alexandria_(1167)" title="Siege of Alexandria (1167)">1st Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Bilbeis" class="mw-redirect" title="Capture of Bilbeis">2nd Bilbeis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Damietta_(1169)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Damietta (1169)">1st Damietta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Ayla" title="Siege of Ayla">Ayla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Alexandria_(1174)" title="Siege of Alexandria (1174)">2nd Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Montgisard" title="Battle of Montgisard">Montgisard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hama_(1178)" title="Battle of Hama (1178)">Hama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Banias" title="Battle of Banias">Banias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Marj_Ayyun" title="Battle of Marj Ayyun">Marj Ayyun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Jacob%27s_Ford" title="Siege of Jacob's Ford">Jacob's Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attack_on_Acre_(1179)" title="Attack on Acre (1179)">3rd Acre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crusader_raids_on_the_Red_Sea" title="Crusader raids on the Red Sea">Red Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Belvoir_Castle" title="Battle of Belvoir Castle">1st Belvoir Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Al-Fule" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Al-Fule">Al-Fule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Kerak" title="Siege of Kerak">1st Kerak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cresson" title="Battle of Cresson">Cresson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Kerak_(1187%E2%80%931188)" title="Siege of Kerak (1187–1188)">2nd Kerak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hattin" title="Battle of Hattin">Hattin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Jerusalem_(1187)" title="Siege of Jerusalem (1187)">2nd Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Tyre_(1187)" title="Siege of Tyre (1187)">3rd Tyre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Belvoir_Castle" title="Siege of Belvoir Castle">2nd Belvoir Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Laodicea_(1188)" title="Siege of Laodicea (1188)">Laodicea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Sahyun_Castle" title="Siege of Sahyun Castle">Sahyun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Al-Shughur" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Al-Shughur">Al-Shughur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Bourzey_Castle" title="Siege of Bourzey Castle">Bourzey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Safed_(1188)" title="Siege of Safed (1188)">Safed</a></li></ul> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Third_Crusade" title="Third Crusade">Third Crusade</a></b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Acre_(1189%E2%80%931191)" title="Siege of Acre (1189–1191)">4th Acre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Philomelion_(1190)" title="Battle of Philomelion (1190)">Philomelion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Iconium_(1190)" title="Battle of Iconium (1190)">Iconium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Arsuf" title="Battle of Arsuf">1st Arsuf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Jaffa_(1192)" title="Battle of Jaffa (1192)">1st Jaffa</a></li></ul> <p><b>Period post-Third Crusade</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Jaffa_(1197)" title="Battle of Jaffa (1197)">2nd Jaffa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Toron" title="Siege of Toron">Toron</a></li></ul> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Crusade" title="Fourth Crusade">Fourth Crusade</a></b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Zara" title="Siege of Zara">Zara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Constantinople_(1203)" title="Siege of Constantinople (1203)">2nd Constantinople</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sack_of_Constantinople" title="Sack of Constantinople">3rd Constantinople</a></li></ul> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Fifth_Crusade" title="Fifth Crusade">Fifth Crusade</a></b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Mount_Tabor" title="Siege of Mount Tabor">Mount Tabor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Machghara" title="Battle of Machghara">Machghara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Damietta_(1218%E2%80%931219)" title="Siege of Damietta (1218–1219)">2nd Damietta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Fariskur_(1219)" title="Battle of Fariskur (1219)">1st Fariskur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mansurah_(1221)" title="Battle of Mansurah (1221)">1st Mansurah</a></li></ul> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Sixth_Crusade" title="Sixth Crusade">Sixth Crusade</a> and aftermath</b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_at_Gaza_(1239)" title="Battle at Gaza (1239)">Gaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Jerusalem_(1244)" title="Siege of Jerusalem (1244)">3rd Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Forbie" title="Battle of Forbie">Forbie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Ascalon_(1247)" title="Siege of Ascalon (1247)">3rd Ascalon</a></li></ul> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Seventh_Crusade" title="Seventh Crusade">Seventh Crusade</a></b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Damietta_(1249)" title="Siege of Damietta (1249)">3rd Damietta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mansurah_(1250)" title="Battle of Mansurah (1250)">2nd Mansurah</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">2nd Fariskur</a></li></ul> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Fall_of_Outremer" title="Fall of Outremer">End of the Crusader states in the Levant</a></b> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fall_of_Arsuf" title="Fall of Arsuf">2nd Arsuf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fall_of_Caesarea" class="mw-redirect" title="Fall of Caesarea">Caesarea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fall_of_Haifa_(1265)" title="Fall of Haifa (1265)">Haifa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Safed_(1266)" title="Siege of Safed (1266)">Safed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Antioch_(1268)" title="Siege of Antioch (1268)">2nd Antioch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eighth_Crusade" title="Eighth Crusade">Eighth Crusade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fall_of_Krak_des_Chevaliers" title="Fall of Krak des Chevaliers">Krak des Chevaliers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Tripoli_(1271)" title="Siege of Tripoli (1271)">2nd Tripoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_Edward%27s_Crusade" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Edward's Crusade">Lord Edward's Crusade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Homs" title="Second Battle of Homs">Homs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Margat" title="Siege of Margat">Margat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fall_of_Tripoli_(1289)" title="Fall of Tripoli (1289)">3rd Tripoli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Acre_(1291)" title="Siege of Acre (1291)">4th Acre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fall_of_Ruad" title="Fall of Ruad">Ruad</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ayyubid–Crusader_conflict_(1169–1254)" style="margin:0;float:right;clear:right;width:25.5em;margin-bottom:0.5em;margin-left:1em;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks navbox-vertical mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Campaignbox_Ayyubid%E2%80%93Crusader_War" title="Template:Campaignbox Ayyubid–Crusader War"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Campaignbox_Ayyubid%E2%80%93Crusader_War" title="Template talk:Campaignbox Ayyubid–Crusader War"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox_Ayyubid%E2%80%93Crusader_War" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Campaignbox Ayyubid–Crusader War"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ayyubid–Crusader_conflict_(1169–1254)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span style="line-height:1.6em"><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_the_Crusader_states" title="Military history of the Crusader states"><span class="wrap">Ayyubid–Crusader conflict</span></a> <br /> <span class="nobold">(1169–1254)</span></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Damietta_(1169)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Damietta (1169)">1st Damietta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Ayla" title="Siege of Ayla">Ayla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Alexandria_(1174)" title="Siege of Alexandria (1174)">Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Montgisard" title="Battle of Montgisard">Montgisard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hama_(1178)" title="Battle of Hama (1178)">Hama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Banias" title="Battle of Banias">Banias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Marj_Ayyun" title="Battle of Marj Ayyun">Marj Ayyun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Jacob%27s_Ford" title="Siege of Jacob's Ford">Jacob's Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attack_on_Acre_(1179)" title="Attack on Acre (1179)">1st Acre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crusader_raids_on_the_Red_Sea" title="Crusader raids on the Red Sea">Red Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Belvoir_Castle" title="Battle of Belvoir Castle">1st Belvoir Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Al-Fule" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Al-Fule">Al-Fule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Kerak" title="Siege of Kerak">1st Kerak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cresson" title="Battle of Cresson">Cresson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Kerak_(1187%E2%80%931188)" title="Siege of Kerak (1187–1188)">2nd Kerak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hattin" title="Battle of Hattin">Hattin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Jerusalem_(1187)" title="Siege of Jerusalem (1187)">1st Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Tyre_(1187)" title="Siege of Tyre (1187)">Tyre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Belvoir_Castle" title="Siege of Belvoir Castle">2nd Belvoir Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Laodicea_(1188)" title="Siege of Laodicea (1188)">Laodicea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Sahyun_Castle" title="Siege of Sahyun Castle">Sahyun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Al-Shughur" class="mw-redirect" title="Siege of Al-Shughur">Al-Shughur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Bourzey_Castle" title="Siege of Bourzey Castle">Bourzey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Safed_(1188)" title="Siege of Safed (1188)">Safed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Acre_(1189%E2%80%931191)" title="Siege of Acre (1189–1191)">2nd Acre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Arsuf" title="Battle of Arsuf">Arsuf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Jaffa_(1192)" title="Battle of Jaffa (1192)">1st Jaffa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Jaffa_(1197)" title="Battle of Jaffa (1197)">2nd Jaffa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Toron" title="Siege of Toron">Toron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Mount_Tabor" title="Siege of Mount Tabor">Mount Tabor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Machghara" title="Battle of Machghara">Machghara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Damietta_(1218%E2%80%931219)" title="Siege of Damietta (1218–1219)">2nd Damietta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Fariskur_(1219)" title="Battle of Fariskur (1219)">1st Fariskur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attack_on_Limassol" title="Attack on Limassol">Limassol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mansurah_(1221)" title="Battle of Mansurah (1221)">1st Mansurah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_at_Gaza_(1239)" title="Battle at Gaza (1239)">1st Gaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Jerusalem_(1244)" title="Siege of Jerusalem (1244)">2nd Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Forbie" title="Battle of Forbie">2nd Gaza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Ascalon_(1247)" title="Siege of Ascalon (1247)">Ascalon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Damietta_(1249)" title="Siege of Damietta (1249)">3rd Damietta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mansurah_(1250)" title="Battle of Mansurah (1250)">2nd Mansurah</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">2nd Fariskur</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p>The <b>Battle of Fariskur</b> was the last major battle of the <a href="/wiki/Seventh_Crusade" title="Seventh Crusade">Seventh Crusade</a>. The battle was fought on 6 April 1250, between the Crusaders led by King <a href="/wiki/Louis_IX_of_France" title="Louis IX of France">Louis IX of France</a> (later Saint Louis)<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Egyptian forces led by <a href="/wiki/Al-Muazzam_Turanshah" title="Al-Muazzam Turanshah">Turanshah</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Ayyubid_dynasty" title="Ayyubid dynasty">Ayyubid dynasty</a>. </p><p>Following the Crusader's defeat at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mansurah_(1250)" title="Battle of Mansurah (1250)">Battle of Al Mansurah</a>, the Battle of Fariskur resulted in the complete defeat of the crusader army and the capture of Louis IX. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Fariskur_(1250)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Louis-ix.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Louis-ix.jpg/180px-Louis-ix.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="233" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2a/Louis-ix.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="232" data-file-height="300" /></a><figcaption>Louis IX</figcaption></figure> <p>With the full support of <a href="/wiki/Pope_Innocent_IV" title="Pope Innocent IV">Pope Innocent IV</a> during the <a href="/wiki/First_Council_of_Lyon" title="First Council of Lyon">First Council of Lyon</a>, King Louis IX of France accompanied by his brothers <a href="/wiki/Charles_of_Anjou" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles of Anjou">Charles d'Anjou</a> and <a href="/wiki/Robert_of_Artois" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert of Artois">Robert d'Artois</a> launched the <a href="/wiki/Seventh_Crusade" title="Seventh Crusade">Seventh Crusade</a> against <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a>. The aims of the crusade were to defeat Egypt, destroy the <a href="/wiki/Ayyubid_dynasty" title="Ayyubid dynasty">Ayyubid dynasty</a> in Egypt and Syria and recover <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a> which the Muslims had recaptured in 1244.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The ships entered the Egyptian waters and the troops of the Seventh Crusade disembarked at <a href="/wiki/Damietta" title="Damietta">Damietta</a> in June 1249. Louis IX sent a letter to <a href="/wiki/As-Salih_Ayyub" title="As-Salih Ayyub">as-Salih Ayyub</a>, the Ayyubid <a href="/wiki/Sultan_of_Egypt" title="Sultan of Egypt">Sultan of Egypt</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Emir Fakhr ad-Din Yussuf, the commander of the Ayyubid garrison in Damietta retreated to the camp of the Sultan in Ashmum-Tanah<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> causing a great panic among the inhabitants of Damietta who fled the town leaving the bridge that connected the west bank of the Nile with Damietta intact.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>After occupying the Egyptian port of Damietta in June 1249, Louis decided to march to <a href="/wiki/Cairo" title="Cairo">Cairo</a>, encouraged by the arrival of reinforcements led by his third brother <a href="/wiki/Alphonse_of_Poitiers" class="mw-redirect" title="Alphonse of Poitiers">Alphonse de Poitiers</a> and the news of the death of as-Salih Ayyub. The Franks succeeded in crossing the Canal of Ashmum (known today by the name al-Bahr al-Saghir) and launched a surprise attack against the Egyptian camp in Gideila, 3 km (2 mi) away from Al Mansurah.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Egyptian troops in the camp, who were taken by surprise, retreated to Al Mansurah and the crusaders proceeded towards the town. The leadership of the Egyptian force passed to the <a href="/wiki/Mamluk" title="Mamluk">Mamluk</a> commandants <a href="/wiki/Faris_ad-Din_Aktai" class="mw-redirect" title="Faris ad-Din Aktai">Faris ad-Din Aktai</a> and <a href="/wiki/Baibars" class="mw-redirect" title="Baibars">Baibars al-Bunduqdari</a> who succeeded in reorganizing the retreating troops. <a href="/wiki/Shajar_al-Durr" title="Shajar al-Durr">Shajar al-Durr</a> who was in full charge of Egypt agreed about the plan of Baibars to defend Al Mansurah.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Baibars ordered the opening of a gate to let the knights of the crusaders enter the town. The crusaders rushed into the town that they thought was deserted to find themselves trapped inside. The crusaders were besieged from all directions by the Egyptian forces and the town's population and heavy losses were inflicted upon them. Robert de Artois (brother of Louis IX) who took refuge in a house<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and William of Salisbury were among those who were killed in Al Mansurah. Only five <a href="/wiki/Knights_Templar" title="Knights Templar">Knights Templar</a> survived the battle.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The crusaders were forced to retreat in disorder to Gideila where they camped within a ditch and wall. Early in the morning of February 11, the Muslim forces launched an offensive against the Franks' camp. For many weeks the Franks were forced to remain in their camp enduring an exhausting guerilla war.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many crusaders were captured and taken to <a href="/wiki/Cairo" title="Cairo">Cairo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Battle">Battle</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Fariskur_(1250)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Battle"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 27 February <a href="/wiki/Al-Muazzam_Turanshah" title="Al-Muazzam Turanshah">Turanshah</a>, the new Sultan, arrived in Egypt from <a href="/wiki/Hasankeyf" title="Hasankeyf">Hasankeyf</a> and went straight to Al Mansurah to lead the Egyptian army. Ships were transported overland and dropped in the <a href="/wiki/Nile" title="Nile">Nile</a> (in Bahr al-Mahala) behind the ships of the crusaders cutting the reinforcement line from Damietta and besieging the crusade force of King Louis IX. The Egyptians used <a href="/wiki/Greek_fire" title="Greek fire">Greek fire</a> and destroyed and seized many ships and supply vessels. Soon the besieged crusaders were suffering from devastating attacks, famine and disease. Some crusaders lost faith and deserted to the Muslim side.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>King Louis IX proposed to the Egyptians the surrender of Damietta in exchange for Jerusalem and some towns on the Syrian coast. The Egyptians, aware of the miserable situation of the crusaders, refused the besieged king's offer. On 5 April covered by the darkness of night, the crusaders evacuated their camp and began to flee northward towards Damietta. In their panic and haste they neglected to destroy a pontoon bridge they had set over the canal. The Egyptians crossed the canal over the bridge and followed them to Fariskur where the Egyptians utterly destroyed the crusaders on 9 April.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Thousands of crusaders were killed or taken prisoner.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> King Louis IX and a few of his nobles who survived were captured in the nearby village of Moniat Abdallah (now Meniat el Nasr) where they took refuge. Louis IX surrendered to a eunuch named al-Salihi after he was promised he would not be killed<sup id="cite_ref-Al-Maqrizi,_p.456/vol.1_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Al-Maqrizi,_p.456/vol.1-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and together with his two brothers <a href="/wiki/Charles_of_Anjou" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles of Anjou">Charles d'Anjou</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alphonse_of_Poitiers" class="mw-redirect" title="Alphonse of Poitiers">Alphonse de Poitiers</a> he was taken to Al Mansurah where he was imprisoned in the house of Ibrahim ben Lokman, the royal chancellor, chained and under the guard of another eunuch named Sobih al-Moazami.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> King Louis' <a href="/wiki/Coif" title="Coif">coif</a> was exhibited in Syria.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Ibn_Taghri,_pp.102-273/vol.6_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ibn_Taghri,_pp.102-273/vol.6-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While the house of Ibrahim ben Lokman was used as a prison for Louis IX and the nobles, a camp was set up outside Al Mansurah to shelter thousands of war prisoners.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aftermath">Aftermath</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Fariskur_(1250)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Aftermath"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:C_croisade7_prisonnier1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/C_croisade7_prisonnier1.jpg/220px-C_croisade7_prisonnier1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="285" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/C_croisade7_prisonnier1.jpg/330px-C_croisade7_prisonnier1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/C_croisade7_prisonnier1.jpg/440px-C_croisade7_prisonnier1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2183" data-file-height="2827" /></a><figcaption>Louis IX was taken prisoner and ransomed.</figcaption></figure> <p>The defeat of the crusaders and the capture of King Louis IX in Fariskur created shock in France. The crusaders were circulating false information in Europe, claiming that Louis IX had defeated the Sultan of Egypt in a great battle and that Cairo had been betrayed into his hands.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When the news of the French defeat reached France, a hysterical movement called the <a href="/wiki/Shepherds%27_Crusade,_1251" class="mw-redirect" title="Shepherds' Crusade, 1251">Shepherds' Crusade</a> occurred in France.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Louis IX was ransomed for 400,000 dinars. After he pledged not to return to Egypt again and surrendered Damietta to the Egyptians, he was allowed to leave on 8 May 1250, to <a href="/wiki/Acre_(city)" class="mw-redirect" title="Acre (city)">Acre</a> with his brothers and 12,000 fellow prisoners, including some from older battles, whom the Egyptians agreed to release. Many other prisoners were executed.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Louis's queen, <a href="/wiki/Marguerite_of_Provence" class="mw-redirect" title="Marguerite of Provence">Marguerite de Provence</a>, suffered from nightmares. The news (the capture of her husband Louis) terrified her so much, that every time she fell asleep, she fancied that her room was filled with bearded <a href="/wiki/Muslims" title="Muslims">Muslims</a>, and she would cry out, "Help! help!"<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and left for Acre a few days earlier with her son, born in Damietta, who was called Jean Tristan (John Sorrow).<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The National Day of <a href="/wiki/Damietta_Governorate" title="Damietta Governorate">Damietta</a> <a href="/wiki/Governorate" title="Governorate">Governorate</a>, on 8 May marks the anniversary of the expulsion of Louis IX from Egypt in 1250.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historical_consequence">Historical consequence</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Fariskur_(1250)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Historical consequence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="thumb tright" style="width:180px;"> <div class="thumbinner"><div class="overflowbugy" style="height:180px;overflow:auto;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:LetterGuyugToInnocence.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Use the scrollbar to see the full image."><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/LetterGuyugToInnocence.jpg/150px-LetterGuyugToInnocence.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="786" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/LetterGuyugToInnocence.jpg/225px-LetterGuyugToInnocence.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/LetterGuyugToInnocence.jpg/300px-LetterGuyugToInnocence.jpg 2x" data-file-width="495" data-file-height="2593" /></a></span> </div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:LetterGuyugToInnocence.jpg" title="File:LetterGuyugToInnocence.jpg"> </a></div>The 1246 letter of <a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCy%C3%BCk" class="mw-redirect" title="Güyük">Güyük</a> to Pope Innocent IV</div> </div></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Seventh_Crusade" title="Seventh Crusade">Seventh Crusade</a> met its end at Fariskur in 1250, marking a historical turning point for all the regional parties existing at that time. Egypt defeated Louis's crusade and proved to be Islam's citadel and arsenal. The Seventh Crusade was the last major offensive undertaken by the crusaders against Egypt. The crusaders never could recover Jerusalem and the kings of Europe, except Louis IX, began to lose their interest in launching new crusades. But shortly after the battle of Fariskur, the Ayyubid Sultan Turanshah was assassinated at Fariskur itself<sup id="cite_ref-Ibn_Taghri,_pp.102-273/vol.6_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ibn_Taghri,_pp.102-273/vol.6-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the Mamluks, the same victorious champions of Al Mansurah, became the new rulers of Egypt. The power map of the southern and eastern Mediterranean basin became divided among four main dominions: Mamluk Egypt, Ayyubid Syria, the Franks of Acre and Syrian Christian beach-heads and the <a href="/wiki/Levant" title="Levant">Levantine</a> Christian state of <a href="/wiki/Armenian_Kingdom_of_Cilicia" title="Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia">Cilician Armenia</a>. While the Mamluks of Egypt and the Ayyubids of Syria turned into conflicting rivals, the Franks and the Cilician Armenians in addition to the <a href="/wiki/Principality_of_Antioch" title="Principality of Antioch">Principality of Antioch</a> were allied. The <a href="/wiki/Mongols" title="Mongols">Mongols</a>, who suddenly erupted out of the <a href="/wiki/Eurasian_Steppe" title="Eurasian Steppe">Eurasian Steppe</a>, had their armies by 1241 riding westwards as far as the river <a href="/wiki/Oder" title="Oder">Oder</a> and the northeastern shore of the <a href="/wiki/Adriatic_Sea" title="Adriatic Sea">Adriatic</a> and during the Battle of Fariskur they were penetrating deep into all adjoining regions.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page: 97">: 97 </span></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:AscelinOfCremone.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/AscelinOfCremone.jpg/180px-AscelinOfCremone.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/AscelinOfCremone.jpg/270px-AscelinOfCremone.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/AscelinOfCremone.jpg/360px-AscelinOfCremone.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1444" data-file-height="1084" /></a><figcaption>The pope sent emissaries to the Mongols. <a href="/wiki/Ascelin_of_Lombardia" class="mw-redirect" title="Ascelin of Lombardia">Ascelin of Lombardia</a> receiving (left) and remitting (right) a letter to the Mongol general <a href="/wiki/Baiju_Noyan" title="Baiju Noyan">Baiju</a>.</figcaption></figure><p> The Western Christians and the Cilician Armenians always hoped to have a grand alliance with the Mongols against the <a href="/wiki/Muslim_world" title="Muslim world">Islamic World</a>. The Cilician Armenians submitted themselves to Mongol suzerainty in 1247, and in 1254 their King <a href="/wiki/Hetoum_I_of_Armenia" class="mw-redirect" title="Hetoum I of Armenia">Hetoum</a> visited the Mongols' capital. In 1246, <a href="/wiki/Pope_Innocent_IV" title="Pope Innocent IV">Pope Innocent IV</a>, who fully supported the Seventh Crusade against Egypt, sent his <a href="/wiki/Franciscan" class="mw-redirect" title="Franciscan">Franciscan</a> emissary <a href="/wiki/Giovanni_da_Pian_del_Carpine" title="Giovanni da Pian del Carpine">Giovanni da Pian del Carpine</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Khagan" title="Khagan">Great Khan</a> of the Mongols in <a href="/wiki/Karakorum" title="Karakorum">Qaraqorum</a> to seek an alliance against the Muslims. However, he received a disappointing answer from <a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCy%C3%BCk_Khan" title="Güyük Khan">Güyük Khan</a> who told him that he and the kings of Europe should submit to the Mongols.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1253, after his defeat in Egypt, King Louis IX sent from Acre another emissary, the Franciscan <a href="/wiki/Friar" title="Friar">friar</a> <a href="/wiki/William_of_Rubruck" title="William of Rubruck">William of Rubruck</a> who accompanied him earlier in his Egyptian expedition, but the outcome of this trip was also not followed by effective action.<sup id="cite_ref-Toynbee,_p._449_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Toynbee,_p._449-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1260MongolConquestsLevant.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/1260MongolConquestsLevant.jpg/180px-1260MongolConquestsLevant.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="204" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/1260MongolConquestsLevant.jpg/269px-1260MongolConquestsLevant.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/1260MongolConquestsLevant.jpg/359px-1260MongolConquestsLevant.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1118" data-file-height="1270" /></a><figcaption>The 1260 Mongol offensive reached the border of Egypt.</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1258 a Mongol army of perhaps 50,000 soldiers led by <a href="/wiki/Hulagu_Khan" class="mw-redirect" title="Hulagu Khan">Hulagu Khan</a> sacked <a href="/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad">Baghdad</a> and liquidated the <a href="/wiki/Abbasid_Caliphate" title="Abbasid Caliphate">Abbasid Caliphate</a>, then advanced to Syria and captured Damascus. The path to Egypt was then open. The Mongols sent a threatening message to Egypt asking it to submit to the Mongols.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, Hulagu withdrew with the bulk of his forces west of Bagdad, leaving only a garrison of 10,000 (a single tumen) with his lieutenant, Kitbuga. In 1260 an Egyptian army led by the Mamluk Sultan <a href="/wiki/Qutuz" title="Qutuz">Qutuz</a> and commander <a href="/wiki/Baibars" class="mw-redirect" title="Baibars">Baibars al-Bunduqdari</a> – the same champions of Al Mansurah – annihilated this Mongol force at <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ain_Jalut" title="Battle of Ain Jalut">Ain Jalut</a>. The commander of the Mongol army who was killed at the battle was <a href="/wiki/Kitbuqa" title="Kitbuqa">Kitbuqa</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Nestorianism" title="Nestorianism">Nestorian</a> Christian who was accompanied by the Christian king of Cilician Armenia and by the Christian prince of Antioch.<sup id="cite_ref-Toynbee,_p._449_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Toynbee,_p._449-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Franks of Acre who stood neutral, and who were warned by Qutuz not to commit an act of treachery, gave passage to the Egyptian army.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The triumphant army took Damascus and Syria became part of the Mamluks' dominion.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DisasterOfMari1266.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/DisasterOfMari1266.JPG/220px-DisasterOfMari1266.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/DisasterOfMari1266.JPG/330px-DisasterOfMari1266.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/DisasterOfMari1266.JPG/440px-DisasterOfMari1266.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1317" data-file-height="909" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Baybars" title="Baybars">Baybars</a> punished the <a href="/wiki/Armenian_Kingdom_of_Cilicia" title="Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia">Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia</a> in 1266.</figcaption></figure> <p>Later, during the era of <a href="/wiki/Baibars" class="mw-redirect" title="Baibars">Sultan al-Zahir Baibars al-Bunduqdari</a>, the Cilician Armenians and the Principality of Antioch had to pay a huge price for their alliance with the Mongols.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the Battle of Ain Jalut the Mamluks repulsed three more invasions of Syria by the Mongols.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Avoid_weasel_words" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Avoid weasel words"><span title="The material near this tag possibly uses too vague attribution or weasel words. (November 2022)">which?</span></a></i>]</sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Due to the efforts of the <a href="/wiki/Mamluk_Sultanate" title="Mamluk Sultanate">Mamluk Sultanate</a> of <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> under <a href="/wiki/Baybars" title="Baybars">Baybars</a>, Islam survived the combined <a href="/wiki/Crusaders" class="mw-redirect" title="Crusaders">Crusaders</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mongol_Empire" title="Mongol Empire">Mongol</a> invasions though it had never been in such great jeopardy at any date since its birth.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#What_information_to_include" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="A complete citation is needed. (October 2022)">full citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 1260, the <a href="/wiki/Mongol_Empire" title="Mongol Empire">Mongol Empire</a> suffered a serious split when Mongols of the <a href="/wiki/Berke" title="Berke">Golden Horde</a>, in the western half of the Eurasian steppe, converted to Islam and allied with the Mamluks (see <a href="/wiki/Berke%E2%80%93Hulagu_war" title="Berke–Hulagu war">Berke–Hulagu war</a>), followed, in later years by other Mongols. In 1270 Louis IX made his last attempt and organized a new crusade (the <a href="/wiki/Eighth_Crusade" title="Eighth Crusade">Eighth Crusade</a>) against <a href="/wiki/Tunis" title="Tunis">Tunis</a>, hoping to be able to attack Egypt again from there, but he died in Tunis.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the reign of Sultan Baibars the number of the Franks' dominions on the Syrian coast were reduced drastically. Acre and the last Frankish strongholds were captured by the Mamluk Sultan <a href="/wiki/Al-Ashraf_Khalil" title="Al-Ashraf Khalil">al-Ashraf Khalil</a> between 1291 and 1292.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Fariskur_(1250)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mansurah_(1250)" title="Battle of Mansurah (1250)">Battle of Al Mansurah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berke%E2%80%93Hulagu_war" title="Berke–Hulagu war">Berke–Hulagu war</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Fariskur_(1250)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Joinville 2002, p. 134-36.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKonstam2002178-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKonstam2002178_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKonstam2002">Konstam 2002</a>, p. 178.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBohn1969550-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBohn1969550_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBohn1969550_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBohn1969">Bohn 1969</a>, p. 550.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Louis IX was proclaimed a Saint by <a href="/wiki/Pope_Boniface_VIII" title="Pope Boniface VIII">Pope Boniface VIII</a> in 1297</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"As you know I am the ruler of the Christian nation I do know you are the ruler of the Muhammadan nation. The people of <a href="/wiki/Andalusia" title="Andalusia">Andalusia</a> give me money and gifts while we drive them like cattle. We kill their men and we make their women widows. We take the boys and the girls as prisoners and we make houses empty. I have told you enough and I have advised you to the end, so now if you make the strongest oath to me and if you go to Christian priests and monks and if you carry kindles before my eyes as a sign of obeying the cross, all these will not persuade me from reaching you and killing you at your dearest spot on earth. If the land will be mine then it is a gift to me. If the land will be yours and you defeat me then you will have the upper hand. I have told you and I have warned you about my soldiers who obey me. They can fill open fields and mountains, their number like pebbles. They will be sent to you with swords of destruction." Letter from Louis IX to as-Salih Ayyub – (Al-Maqrizi, p. 436/vol. 1 )</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ashmum-Tanah, now town of Dakahlia – Al-Maqrizi, note p. 434/vol. 1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/maps/search/Mansura,+Egypt/@31.045581,31.382618,13z/data=!3m1!1e3?hl=en&dg=dbrw&newdg=1">"Google Maps"</a>. <i>Google Maps</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-04-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Google+Maps&rft.atitle=Google+Maps&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Fmaps%2Fsearch%2FMansura%2C%2BEgypt%2F%4031.045581%2C31.382618%2C13z%2Fdata%3D%213m1%211e3%3Fhl%3Den%26dg%3Ddbrw%26newdg%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Fariskur+%281250%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Qasim, p. 18</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lord of Joinville, 110, part II</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Asly, p. 49</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Skip Knox, <i>Egyptian Counter-attack, The Seventh Crusade</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">according to Matthew Paris, Only 2 Templars, 1 Hospitaller and one ‘contemptible person’ escaped</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">After the crusaders captured Damietta, general emergency was declared in Egypt, called al-Nafir al-Am Commones joined the battling zone and raided the crusaders camp frequently – Al-Maqrizi, p. 446/vol. 1, p. 456/vol 1. Ibn Taghri, pp. 102- –273/vol. 6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Al-Maqrizi, p. 447/vol. 1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Matthew Paris, <i>Louis IX`s Crusade </i>, p. 108 / vol. 5.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Al-Maqrizi, p. 446/vol. 1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTucker2010" class="citation book cs1">Tucker, Spencer C. (2010). "Overview of 1200–1400: Chronology". In Tucker, Spencer C. (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=h5_tSnygvbIC"><i>A Global Chronology of Conflict: From the Ancient World to the Modern Middle East. Vol.1: ca. 3000 BCE–1499 CE</i></a>. Santa Barbara, Calif.: ABC=CLIO. p. 282. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781851096671" title="Special:BookSources/9781851096671"><bdi>9781851096671</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Overview+of+1200%E2%80%931400%3A+Chronology&rft.btitle=A+Global+Chronology+of+Conflict%3A+From+the+Ancient+World+to+the+Modern+Middle+East.+Vol.1%3A+ca.+3000+BCE%E2%80%931499+CE&rft.place=Santa+Barbara%2C+Calif.&rft.pages=282&rft.pub=ABC%3DCLIO&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=9781851096671&rft.aulast=Tucker&rft.aufirst=Spencer+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dh5_tSnygvbIC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Fariskur+%281250%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ibn Taghri, pp. 102–273/ vol.6</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Abu_al-Fida" class="mw-redirect" title="Abu al-Fida">Abu al-Fida</a>, pp. 66–87/year 648H.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Al-Maqrizi" title="Al-Maqrizi">Al-Maqrizi</a>, pp. 455–456/ vol. 1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Al-Maqrizi,_p.456/vol.1-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Al-Maqrizi,_p.456/vol.1_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Al-Maqrizi, p. 456/vol. 1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Abu al-Fida, pp. 66–87/ year 648H.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ibn Taghri</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Though Louis IX, who was a king, was treated well, he was chained and put under the guard of a slave which was not according to the custom</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Al-Maqrizi" title="Al-Maqrizi">Al-Maqrizi</a>, p. 456/vol. 1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ibn_Taghri,_pp.102-273/vol.6-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ibn_Taghri,_pp.102-273/vol.6_26-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ibn_Taghri,_pp.102-273/vol.6_26-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Ibn Taghri, pp. 102–273/vol. 6</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lord of Joinville, 170, part II</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">False rumours from Egypt: letters from the bishop of Marseilles and certain Templars spread the rumour that Cairo and Babylon had been captured and the fleeing Saracens had left Alexandria undefended. – Matthew Paris, note. p. 118 / Vol. 5. <i>Louis IX`s Crusade 1250</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Matthæi Parisiensis, pp. 246–253</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Al-Maqrizi, p. 455/ vol. 1. – Ibn Taghri, pp. 102–273/vol. 6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Al-Maqrizi, p. 460/vol. 1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lord of Joinville, 201 / Chapter XVII.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Both Louis IX and his son Jean Tristan died in <a href="/wiki/Tunis" title="Tunis">Tunis</a> in 1270 during the <a href="/wiki/Eighth_Crusade" title="Eighth Crusade">Eighth Crusade</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See also <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mansurah_(1250)" title="Battle of Mansurah (1250)">Battle of Al Mansurah</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Al-Maqrizi, p. 458/vol. 1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChambers1979" class="citation book cs1">Chambers, James (1979). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/4504684"><i>The Devil's horsemen : the Mongol invasion of Europe</i></a> (1st ed.). New York: Atheneum. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-689-10942-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-689-10942-3"><bdi>0-689-10942-3</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/4504684">4504684</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Devil%27s+horsemen+%3A+the+Mongol+invasion+of+Europe&rft.place=New+York&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Atheneum&rft.date=1979&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F4504684&rft.isbn=0-689-10942-3&rft.aulast=Chambers&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F4504684&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Fariskur+%281250%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">You must say with a sincere heart: "We will be your subjects; we will give you our strength". You must in person come with your kings, all together, without exception, to render us service and pay us homage. Only then will we acknowledge your submission. And if you do not follow the order of God, and go against our orders, we will know you as our enemy." <span style="font-size:87%;">—From letter of Güyük to Pope Innocent IV, 1246.</span> Lord of Joinville, pp. 249–259.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Toynbee,_p._449-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Toynbee,_p._449_38-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Toynbee,_p._449_38-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Toynbee, p. 449</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Say to Egypt, Hulagu has come with swords unsheathed and sharp. The mightiest of her people will become humble, he will send their children to join the aged. <span style="font-size:87%;"> — From Letter of Hulagu to Qutuz</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Egyptian army on its way to Ain Jalut camped beside Acre. Baibars had an opinion of taking Acre by the way but Sultan Qutuz refused.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cilician Armenia was devastated by Sultan Baibars's commander <a href="/wiki/Qalawun" title="Qalawun">Qalawun</a> upon the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Mari" title="Battle of Mari">Battle of Mari</a> in 1266. The Principality of Antioch was destroyed by Sultan Baibars in 1268</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Toyenbee<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#What_information_to_include" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="A complete citation is needed. (October 2022)">full citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Satiric verses were composed in Tunis about Louis' new plan to invade Tunis: "O Louis, Tunis is the sister of Egypt! thus expect your ordeal! you will find your tomb here instead of the house of Ibn Lokman; and the eunuch Sobih will be here replaced by Munkir and Nakir." (According to Muslim creed Munkir and Nakir are two angels who interrogate the dead.) <span style="font-size:87%;"> — verses by Ahmad Ismail Alzayat.</span>Al-Maqrizi, p. 462/vol. 1</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Fariskur_(1250)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abu_al-Fida" class="mw-redirect" title="Abu al-Fida">Abu al-Fida</a>, Tarikh Abu Al-Fida, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Concise_History_of_Humanity_or_Chronicles" class="mw-redirect" title="The Concise History of Humanity or Chronicles">The Concise History of Humanity</a></i>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Maqrizi" title="Al-Maqrizi">Al-Maqrizi</a>, Al Selouk Leme'refatt Dewall al-Melouk, Dar al-kotob, 1997. In English: Bohn, Henry G., <i>The Road to Knowledge of the Return of Kings, Chronicles of the Crusades</i>, AMS Press, 1969.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBohn1969" class="citation book cs1">Bohn, Henry (1969). <i>Chronicles of the Crusades</i>. AMS Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Chronicles+of+the+Crusades&rft.pub=AMS+Press&rft.date=1969&rft.aulast=Bohn&rft.aufirst=Henry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Fariskur+%281250%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Dupuy, Trevor N <i>The Harpers Military Encyclopedia of Military History</i>, New York:HarperCollins, 1993. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-06-270056-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-06-270056-1">0-06-270056-1</a></li> <li>Hassan, O., <i>Al-Zahir Baibars</i>, Dar al-Amal 1997</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Taghri" class="mw-redirect" title="Ibn Taghri">Ibn Taghri</a>, <i>al-Nujum al-Zahirah Fi Milook Misr wa al-Qahirah</i>, al-Hay'ah al-Misreyah 1968</li> <li>Qasim, Abdu Qasim Dr., <i>Asr Salatin AlMamlik</i> (Era of the Mamluk Sultans), Eye for human and social studies, Cairo 2007</li> <li>Sadawi, H., <i>Al-Mamalik</i>, Maroof Ikhwan, Alexandria</li> <li>Skip Knox, Dr. E.L., <i>The Crusades, Seventh Crusade</i>, A college course on the Crusades, 1999</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnold_J._Toynbee" title="Arnold J. Toynbee">Toynbee, Arnold J.</a>, <i>Mankind and Mother Earth</i>, Oxford University Press 1976</li> <li>Paris, Matthew, <i>The Chronicles of Matthew Paris</i> (Matthew Paris: Chronica Majora) translated by Helen Nicholson 1989.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Paris" title="Matthew Paris">Paris, Matthew</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roger_of_Wendover" title="Roger of Wendover">Roger of Wendover</a>, and Richards, Henry, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bW_SAAAAMAAJ">Matthæi Parisiensis, monachi Sancti Albani, Chronica majora</a></i>, Longman & Co. 1880.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_de_Joinville" title="Jean de Joinville">Joinville, Jean de</a>, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6nc-AAAAYAAJ">The Memoirs of the Lord of Joinville</a></i>, translated by Ethel Wedgwood (1906)</li> <li><i>The New Encyclopædia Britannica</i>, H. H. Berton Publisher, 1973</li> <li><i>The New Encyclopædia Britannica</i>, Macropædia, H. H. Berton Publisher, 1973–1974</li> <li>www.historyofwar.org</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKonstam2002" class="citation book cs1">Konstam, Angus (2002). <i>Historical Atlas of The Crusades</i>. Thalamus Publishing.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historical+Atlas+of+The+Crusades&rft.pub=Thalamus+Publishing&rft.date=2002&rft.aulast=Konstam&rft.aufirst=Angus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABattle+of+Fariskur+%281250%29" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Fariskur_(1250)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&hl=en&geocode=&q=fariskur&sll=31.181085,31.453857&sspn=0.754282,1.694641&ie=UTF8&ll=31.331279,31.718645&spn=0.023534,0.052958&t=h&z=15&iwloc=addr">Map of Fariskur</a></li></ul> <p><span class="metadata coord-missing"></span> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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