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class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Teresa_Norton" title="Mary Teresa Norton – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Mary Teresa Norton" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Teresa_Norton" title="Mary Teresa Norton – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mary Teresa Norton" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%99_%D7%AA%D7%A8%D7%A1%D7%94_%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%98%D7%95%D7%9F" title="מרי תרסה נורטון – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מרי תרסה נורטון" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%89_%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B2%D8%A7_%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%86" title="مارى تيريزا نورتون – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="مارى تيريزا نورتون" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Teresa_Norton" title="Mary Teresa Norton – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Mary Teresa Norton" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Teresa_Norton" title="Mary Teresa Norton – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Mary Teresa Norton" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q112622#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Mary_Teresa_Norton" title="View the content page [c]" 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.navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Mary Norton</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Mary_Teresa_Norton_cph.3b14795.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Mary_Teresa_Norton_cph.3b14795.jpg/220px-Mary_Teresa_Norton_cph.3b14795.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="311" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Mary_Teresa_Norton_cph.3b14795.jpg/330px-Mary_Teresa_Norton_cph.3b14795.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Mary_Teresa_Norton_cph.3b14795.jpg/440px-Mary_Teresa_Norton_cph.3b14795.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1029" data-file-height="1455" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Chair of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_House_Administration" title="United States House Committee on House Administration">House Administration Committee</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 3, 1949 – January 3, 1951</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Karl_M._LeCompte" title="Karl M. LeCompte">Karl LeCompte</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_B._Stanley" title="Thomas B. Stanley">Thomas Stanley</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the<br /><a href="/wiki/U.S._House_of_Representatives" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a><br />from <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />March 4, 1925 – January 3, 1951</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Charles_F._X._O%27Brien" title="Charles F. X. O'Brien">Charles O'Brien</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Dennis_Sieminski" title="Alfred Dennis Sieminski">Alfred Sieminski</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Constituency</th><td class="infobox-data"><span data-sort-value="New Jersey12 !"><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey%27s_12th_congressional_district" title="New Jersey's 12th congressional district">12th district</a></span> (1925–33)<br /><span data-sort-value="New Jersey13 !"><a href="/wiki/New_Jersey%27s_13th_congressional_district" title="New Jersey's 13th congressional district">13th district</a></span> (1933–51)</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1875-03-07</span>)</span>March 7, 1875<br /><a href="/wiki/Jersey_City,_New_Jersey" title="Jersey City, New Jersey">Jersey City</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">U.S.</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">August 2, 1959<span style="display:none">(1959-08-02)</span> (aged 84)<br /><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Greenwich,_Connecticut" title="Greenwich, Connecticut">Greenwich</a>, <a href="/wiki/Connecticut" title="Connecticut">Connecticut</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">U.S.</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data">Robert Norton</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Packard_Business_College" title="Packard Business College">Packard Business College</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Mary Teresa Norton</b> (née <b>Hopkins</b>; March 7, 1875 – August 2, 1959) was an American <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic Party</a> <a href="/wiki/Politician" title="Politician">politician</a> who represented <a href="/wiki/Jersey_City,_New_Jersey" title="Jersey City, New Jersey">Jersey City</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bayonne,_New_Jersey" title="Bayonne, New Jersey">Bayonne</a> in the United States House of Representatives from 1925 to 1951. </p><p>She was the first woman member of the Democratic Party elected to Congress and the first woman elected to represent <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey" title="New Jersey">New Jersey</a>, or any state in <a href="/wiki/Northeastern_United_States" title="Northeastern United States">the Northeast</a>. She chaired four <a href="/wiki/House_Committee_(Parliament_of_the_United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="House Committee (Parliament of the United States)">House committees</a> during her tenure and was a <a href="/wiki/Labor_movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Labor movement">labor</a> advocate and a supporter of <a href="/wiki/Women%27s_rights" title="Women's rights">women's rights</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mary_Teresa_Norton&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>She was born as <b>Mary Teresa Hopkins</b> in <a href="/wiki/Jersey_City,_New_Jersey" title="Jersey City, New Jersey">Jersey City, New Jersey</a>. She attended <a href="/wiki/Parochial_school" title="Parochial school">parochial schools</a> and Jersey City High School (since renamed <a href="/wiki/William_L._Dickinson_High_School" title="William L. Dickinson High School">William L. Dickinson High School</a>) and graduated from <a href="/wiki/Packard_Business_College" title="Packard Business College">Packard Business College</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a> in 1896. She married Robert Francis Norton in 1909. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_career">Early career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mary_Teresa_Norton&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Norton was president of the Queen's Daughters' Day Nursery Association of Jersey City from 1916 to 1927. She was appointed to represent <a href="/wiki/Hudson_County,_New_Jersey" title="Hudson County, New Jersey">Hudson County</a> on the <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_Democratic_State_Committee" title="New Jersey Democratic State Committee">New Jersey Democratic State Committee</a> in 1920. She was elected a member of that committee in 1921, and served as vice chairperson from 1921 to 1931. She chaired the state committee from 1932 to 1935 and again from 1940 to 1944.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She also served as vice chairman of the Hudson County Democratic Committee. </p><p>She was elected to the Hudson County <a href="/wiki/Board_of_Chosen_Freeholders" class="mw-redirect" title="Board of Chosen Freeholders">Board of Chosen Freeholders</a> in 1922, and was a delegate at large to the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_National_Convention" title="Democratic National Convention">Democratic National Conventions</a> in <a href="/wiki/1924_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1924 Democratic National Convention">1924</a>, <a href="/wiki/1928_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1928 Democratic National Convention">1928</a>, <a href="/wiki/1932_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1932 Democratic National Convention">1932</a>, <a href="/wiki/1936_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1936 Democratic National Convention">1936</a>, <a href="/wiki/1940_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1940 Democratic National Convention">1940</a>, <a href="/wiki/1944_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1944 Democratic National Convention">1944</a>, and <a href="/wiki/1948_Democratic_National_Convention" title="1948 Democratic National Convention">1948</a>. She was a delegate to the <a href="/wiki/International_Labor_Conference" class="mw-redirect" title="International Labor Conference">International Labor Conference</a> at <a href="/wiki/Paris,_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Paris, France">Paris, France</a> in 1945.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Congress">Congress</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mary_Teresa_Norton&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Congress"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Norton was elected as a Democrat to the <a href="/wiki/Sixty-ninth_United_States_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="Sixty-ninth United States Congress">69th</a>, <a href="/wiki/Seventieth_United_States_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="Seventieth United States Congress">70th</a>, <a href="/wiki/Seventy-first_United_States_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="Seventy-first United States Congress">71st</a>, <a href="/wiki/Seventy-second_United_States_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="Seventy-second United States Congress">72nd</a>, <a href="/wiki/Seventy-third_United_States_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="Seventy-third United States Congress">73rd</a>, <a href="/wiki/Seventy-fourth_United_States_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="Seventy-fourth United States Congress">74th</a>, <a href="/wiki/Seventy-fifth_United_States_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="Seventy-fifth United States Congress">75th</a>, <a href="/wiki/Seventy-sixth_United_States_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="Seventy-sixth United States Congress">76th</a>, <a href="/wiki/Seventy-seventh_United_States_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="Seventy-seventh United States Congress">77th</a>, <a href="/wiki/Seventy-eighth_United_States_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="Seventy-eighth United States Congress">78th</a>, <a href="/wiki/Seventy-ninth_United_States_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="Seventy-ninth United States Congress">79th</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eightieth_United_States_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="Eightieth United States Congress">80th</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eighty-first_United_States_Congress" class="mw-redirect" title="Eighty-first United States Congress">81st</a> United States Congresses, serving from March 4, 1925, to January 3, 1951. She originally represented <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey%27s_12th_congressional_district" title="New Jersey's 12th congressional district">New Jersey's 12th congressional district</a>, then composed of Jersey City and <a href="/wiki/Bayonne,_New_Jersey" title="Bayonne, New Jersey">Bayonne</a>. Later, she represented the 13th district due to <a href="/wiki/Apportionment_(politics)" title="Apportionment (politics)">reapportionment</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Committees">Committees</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mary_Teresa_Norton&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Committees"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Norton was the chairperson of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Oversight_and_Government_Reform" class="mw-redirect" title="United States House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform">Committee on the District of Columbia</a> (during the 72nd to 75th Congresses), the Committee on Labor (75th to 79th Congresses), the Committee on Memorials (77th Congress), and the Committee on House Administration (81st Congress). She helped pass the <a href="/wiki/Fair_Labor_Standards_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="Fair Labor Standards Act">Fair Labor Standards Act</a> in 1938, working with <a href="/wiki/Clara_Mortenson_Beyer" title="Clara Mortenson Beyer">Clara Mortenson Beyer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frances_Perkins" title="Frances Perkins">Frances Perkins</a>, and Mary La Dame as part of what was colloquially called the "Ladies' Brain Trust."<sup id="cite_ref-LND_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LND-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Norton was not a candidate for renomination in 1950. She became a "Womanpower Consultant" for the Women's Advisory Committee on Defense Manpower, in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Labor" title="United States Department of Labor">United States Department of Labor</a> from 1951 to 1952.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Death">Death</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mary_Teresa_Norton&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Death"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Norton died on August 2, 1959, in <a href="/wiki/Greenwich,_Connecticut" title="Greenwich, Connecticut">Greenwich, Connecticut</a>, aged 84.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She was interred in the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Name_Cemetery,_Jersey_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Holy Name Cemetery, Jersey City">Holy Name Cemetery, Jersey City</a>. Her <a href="/wiki/Memoir" title="Memoir">memoir</a> <i>Madame Congressman</i> was never published. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mary_Teresa_Norton&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="Women in the United States House of Representatives">Women in the United States House of Representatives</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mary_Teresa_Norton&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1935/01/23/archives/succeeds-mrs-norton-wh-kelly-elected-chairman-of-jersey-democratic.html">"W.H. Kelly Elected Chairman of Jersey Democratic Group; Succeeds Mrs. Norton"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>, January 23, 1935. Accessed June 10, 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=FA0D17F73554107B93CAA81783D85F408485F9">"Representative Hart Elected to Succeed Mrs. Norton"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>, August 18, 1944. Accessed June 10, 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LND-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-LND_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Living New Deal Archives. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://livingnewdeal.org/glossary/clara-beyer-c-1892-1990/">Clara Beyer (c. 1892-1990).</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1">"Mary Norton, House Member 26 Years, Dies". <i><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Tribune" title="Chicago Tribune">Chicago Tribune</a></i>. August 3, 1959. <q>Mrs. Mary T. Norton, 84, the first woman Democrat in Congress, died of a heart attack Sunday.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Chicago+Tribune&rft.atitle=Mary+Norton%2C+House+Member+26+Years%2C+Dies&rft.date=1959-08-03&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMary+Teresa+Norton" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mary_Teresa_Norton&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Mary_Teresa_Norton" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Mary Teresa Norton">Mary Teresa Norton</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUnited_States_CongressN000153" class="citation web cs1">United States Congress. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=N000153">"Mary Teresa Norton (id: N000153)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Biographical_Directory_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Biographical Directory of the United States Congress">Biographical Directory of the United States Congress</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Biographical+Directory+of+the+United+States+Congress&rft.atitle=Mary+Teresa+Norton+%28id%3A+N000153%29&rft.au=United+States+Congress&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbioguide.congress.gov%2Fscripts%2Fbiodisplay.pl%3Findex%3DN000153&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMary+Teresa+Norton" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121211230929/http://womenincongress.house.gov/member-profiles/profile.html?intID=187">Mary T. Norton</a> at <i>Women in Congress</i></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_of_Representatives" title="United States House of Representatives">U.S. House of Representatives</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Charles_F._X._O%27Brien" title="Charles F. X. O'Brien">Charles O'Brien</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Member of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Representatives_from_New_Jersey" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States Representatives from New Jersey">U.S. House of Representatives</a><br />from <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey%27s_12th_congressional_district" title="New Jersey's 12th congressional district">New Jersey's 12th congressional district</a> </b><br />1925–1933 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Frederick_R._Lehlbach" title="Frederick R. Lehlbach">Frederick Lehlbach</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Nicholas_Zihlman" title="Frederick Nicholas Zihlman">Frederick Zihlman</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Chairperson of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Oversight_and_Government_Reform" class="mw-redirect" title="United States House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform">House District of Columbia Committee</a> </b><br />1931–1933 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Jennings_Randolph" title="Jennings Randolph">Jennings Randolph</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>New constituency</b> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Member of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Representatives_from_New_Jersey" class="mw-redirect" title="List of United States Representatives from New Jersey">U.S. House of Representatives</a><br />from <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey%27s_13th_congressional_district" title="New Jersey's 13th congressional district">New Jersey's 13th congressional district</a> </b><br />1933–1951 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Dennis_Sieminski" title="Alfred Dennis Sieminski">Alfred Sieminski</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/William_P._Connery_Jr." title="William P. Connery Jr.">William Connery</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Chairperson of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Education_and_the_Workforce" title="United States House Committee on Education and the Workforce">House Labor Committee</a> </b><br />1937–1947 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Fred_A._Hartley_Jr." title="Fred A. Hartley Jr.">Fred Hartley</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Alfred_L._Bulwinkle" title="Alfred L. Bulwinkle">Alfred Bulwinkle</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Chairperson of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_House_Administration" title="United States House Committee on House Administration">House Memorials Committee</a> </b><br />1941–1943 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/John_R._Murdock_(politician)" title="John R. Murdock (politician)">John Murdock</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="3">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Karl_M._LeCompte" title="Karl M. LeCompte">Karl Le Compte</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Chairperson of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_House_Administration" title="United States House Committee on House Administration">House Administration Committee</a> </b><br />1949–1951 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="3">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_B._Stanley" title="Thomas B. Stanley">Thomas Stanley</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Chairperson of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress_Joint_Committee_on_the_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Congress Joint Committee on the Library">Joint Library Committee</a> </b><br />1949–1951 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Chairperson of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress_Joint_Committee_on_Printing" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Congress Joint Committee on Printing">Joint Printing Committee</a> </b><br />1949–1951 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFBF00;">Party political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Harry_Heher" title="Harry Heher">Harry Heher</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Chairperson of the <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_Democratic_State_Committee" title="New Jersey Democratic State Committee">New Jersey Democratic State Committee</a> </b><br />1932–1935 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/William_H._Kelly" class="mw-redirect" title="William H. Kelly">William Kelly</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crawford_Jamieson&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Crawford Jamieson (page does not exist)">Crawford Jamieson</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Chairperson of the <a href="/wiki/New_Jersey_Democratic_State_Committee" title="New Jersey Democratic State Committee">New Jersey Democratic State Committee</a> </b><br />1940–1944 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Edward_J._Hart" title="Edward J. 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href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_the_District_of_Columbia" class="mw-redirect" title="United States House Committee on the District of Columbia">Chairmen of the United States House Committee on the District of Columbia</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Lewis_Jr._(Virginia_politician)" title="Joseph Lewis Jr. (Virginia politician)">Lewis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Love_(congressman)" title="John Love (congressman)">Love</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archibald_Van_Horne" title="Archibald Van Horne">Van Horne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Lewis_Jr._(Virginia_politician)" title="Joseph Lewis Jr. (Virginia politician)">Lewis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Kent" title="Joseph Kent">Kent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_St._George_Tucker_Sr." title="Henry St. George Tucker Sr.">Tucker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Carlyle_Herbert" class="mw-redirect" title="John Carlyle Herbert">Herbert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Kent" title="Joseph Kent">Kent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Alexander_(politician)" title="Mark Alexander (politician)">Alexander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gershom_Powers" title="Gershom Powers">Powers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Doddridge_(Virginia_politician)" title="Philip Doddridge (Virginia politician)">Doddridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Corbin_Washington" class="mw-redirect" title="George Corbin Washington">Washington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Chinn" title="Joseph Chinn">Chinn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Biddle_Shepard" title="William Biddle Shepard">Shepard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Bouldin" title="James Bouldin">Bouldin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Cost_Johnson" title="William Cost Johnson">W. Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_R._Underwood" title="Joseph R. Underwood">Underwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Campbell_(1795%E2%80%931845)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Campbell (1795–1845)">Campbell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_M._T._Hunter" title="Robert M. T. Hunter">Hunter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Grant_Chapman" class="mw-redirect" title="John Grant Chapman">Chapman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Williams_Inge" title="Samuel Williams Inge">Inge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_G._Brown" title="Albert G. Brown">Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orlando_B._Ficklin" title="Orlando B. Ficklin">Ficklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Thomas_Hamilton" class="mw-redirect" title="William Thomas Hamilton">Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orsamus_B._Matteson" title="Orsamus B. Matteson">Matteson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Dodd" title="Edward Dodd">Dodd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Goode_(politician)" title="William Goode (politician)">Goode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luther_C._Carter" title="Luther C. Carter">Carter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roscoe_Conkling" title="Roscoe Conkling">Conkling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owen_Lovejoy" title="Owen Lovejoy">Lovejoy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ebenezer_Dumont" title="Ebenezer Dumont">Dumont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ebon_C._Ingersoll" title="Ebon C. Ingersoll">Ingersoll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burton_C._Cook" title="Burton C. Cook">Cook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_H._Starkweather" title="Henry H. Starkweather">Starkweather</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_S._Hale" title="Robert S. Hale">Hale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aylett_Hawes_Buckner" class="mw-redirect" title="Aylett Hawes Buckner">Buckner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Clay_Stiles_Blackburn" class="mw-redirect" title="Joseph Clay Stiles Blackburn">Blackburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eppa_Hunton" title="Eppa Hunton">Hunton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_S._Neal" title="Henry S. Neal">Neal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_S._Barbour_Jr." title="John S. Barbour Jr.">Barbour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_J._Hemphill" title="John J. Hemphill">Hemphill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_W._Grout" title="William W. Grout">Grout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_J._Hemphill" title="John J. Hemphill">Hemphill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_T._Heard" title="John T. Heard">Heard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_W._Babcock" title="Joseph W. Babcock">Babcock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_William_Smith" class="mw-redirect" title="Samuel William Smith">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Johnson_(politician)" title="Ben Johnson (politician)">B. Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_E._Mapes" title="Carl E. Mapes">Mapes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Nicholas_Zihlman" title="Frederick Nicholas Zihlman">Zihlman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_K._Focht" title="Benjamin K. Focht">Focht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuart_F._Reed" title="Stuart F. Reed">Reed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Nicholas_Zihlman" title="Frederick Nicholas Zihlman">Zihlman</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Norton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincent_L._Palmisano" title="Vincent L. Palmisano">Palmisano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jennings_Randolph" title="Jennings Randolph">Randolph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_L._McMillan" title="John L. McMillan">McMillan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Everett_Dirksen" title="Everett Dirksen">Dirksen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_L._McMillan" title="John L. McMillan">McMillan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sid_Simpson" title="Sid Simpson">Simpson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_L._McMillan" title="John L. McMillan">McMillan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Diggs" title="Charles Diggs">Diggs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Dellums" title="Ron Dellums">Dellums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pete_Stark" title="Pete Stark">Stark</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Seal of the United States House of Representatives"><img alt="Seal of the United States House of Representatives" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/75px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/113px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/150px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="1030" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Chairs_of_the_United_States_House_Committee_on_Education_and_the_Workforce" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:US_House_Education_and_the_Workforce_chairs" title="Template:US House Education and the Workforce chairs"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:US_House_Education_and_the_Workforce_chairs" title="Template talk:US House Education and the Workforce chairs"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:US_House_Education_and_the_Workforce_chairs" title="Special:EditPage/Template:US House Education and the Workforce chairs"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Chairs_of_the_United_States_House_Committee_on_Education_and_the_Workforce" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Education_and_the_Workforce" title="United States House Committee on Education and the Workforce">Chairs of the United States House Committee on Education and the Workforce</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Education and Labor <br /> (1867–1883)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jehu_Baker" title="Jehu Baker">Baker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Fenton_Cary" title="Samuel Fenton Cary">Cary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Mayes_Arnell" title="Samuel Mayes Arnell">Arnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legrand_W._Perce" title="Legrand W. Perce">Perce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Monroe_(Ohio_politician)" title="James Monroe (Ohio politician)">Monroe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_Carlton_Walker" class="mw-redirect" title="Gilbert Carlton Walker">Walker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Goode_(Virginia_politician)" title="John Goode (Virginia politician)">Goode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_T._Updegraff" title="Jonathan T. Updegraff">Updegraff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_C._Sherwin" title="John C. Sherwin">Sherwin</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Seal of the United States House of Representatives"><img alt="Seal of the United States House of Representatives" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/90px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png" decoding="async" width="90" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/135px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg/180px-Seal_of_the_United_States_House_of_Representatives.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="1030" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Education <br /> (1883–1947)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/D._Wyatt_Aiken" title="D. Wyatt Aiken">Aiken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allen_D._Candler" title="Allen D. Candler">Candler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_O%27Donnell_(politician)" title="James O'Donnell (politician)">O'Donnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_I._Hayes" title="Walter I. Hayes">Hayes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_B._Brunner" title="David B. Brunner">Brunner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_A._Enloe" title="Benjamin A. Enloe">Enloe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galusha_A._Grow" title="Galusha A. Grow">Grow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_N._Southwick" title="George N. Southwick">Southwick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_F._Burke_(politician)" title="James F. Burke (politician)">Burke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asbury_Francis_Lever" class="mw-redirect" title="Asbury Francis Lever">Lever</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dudley_Mays_Hughes" class="mw-redirect" title="Dudley Mays Hughes">Hughes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_J._Sears" title="William J. Sears">Sears</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simeon_D._Fess" title="Simeon D. Fess">Fess</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_W._Dallinger" title="Frederick W. Dallinger">Dallinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_A._Reed_(politician)" title="Daniel A. Reed (politician)">Reed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_J._Douglass" title="John J. Douglass">Douglass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincent_L._Palmisano" title="Vincent L. Palmisano">Palmisano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Larrabee_(Indiana)" class="mw-redirect" title="William Larrabee (Indiana)">Larrabee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graham_Arthur_Barden" class="mw-redirect" title="Graham Arthur Barden">Barden</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Labor <br /> (1883–1947)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Herron_Hopkins" title="James Herron Hopkins">Hopkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Joseph_O%27Neill_(U.S._politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Joseph O'Neill (U.S. politician)">O'Neill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_H._Wade" title="William H. Wade">Wade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Charles_Tarsney" class="mw-redirect" title="John Charles Tarsney">Tarsney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_E._McGann" title="Lawrence E. McGann">McGann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Wharton_Phillips" title="Thomas Wharton Phillips">Phillips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_J._Gardner" title="John J. Gardner">Gardner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Bauchop_Wilson" class="mw-redirect" title="William Bauchop Wilson">Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_John_Lewis" title="David John Lewis">Lewis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_P._Maher" title="James P. Maher">Maher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_M._C._Smith" title="John M. C. Smith">Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_I._Nolan" title="John I. Nolan">Nolan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Nicholas_Zihlman" title="Frederick Nicholas Zihlman">Zihlman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_F._Kopp" title="William F. Kopp">Kopp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_J._Welch" title="Richard J. Welch">Welch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_P._Connery_Jr." title="William P. Connery Jr.">Connery</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Norton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Education and Labor* <br /> (1947–)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fred_A._Hartley_Jr." title="Fred A. Hartley Jr.">Hartley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Lesinski_Sr." title="John Lesinski Sr.">Lesinski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graham_Arthur_Barden" class="mw-redirect" title="Graham Arthur Barden">Barden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_K._McConnell_Jr." title="Samuel K. McConnell Jr.">McConnell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graham_Arthur_Barden" class="mw-redirect" title="Graham Arthur Barden">Barden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_Clayton_Powell_Jr." title="Adam Clayton Powell Jr.">Powell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_D._Perkins" title="Carl D. Perkins">Perkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustus_Hawkins" title="Augustus Hawkins">Hawkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_D._Ford" title="William D. Ford">Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Goodling" title="Bill Goodling">Goodling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Boehner" title="John Boehner">Boehner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buck_McKeon" title="Buck McKeon">McKeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Miller_(California_politician)" title="George Miller (California politician)">Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Kline_(politician)" title="John Kline (politician)">Kline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Foxx" title="Virginia Foxx">Foxx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Scott_(politician)" title="Bobby Scott (politician)">Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Foxx" title="Virginia Foxx">Foxx</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Note</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><sup>*</sup> Alternately named <b>Economic and Educational Opportunities</b> in 104th Congress and <b>Education and the Workforce</b> in 105th through 109th and 112th through 115th Congresses.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q112622#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q112622#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q112622#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000024952533">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/43294080">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/172218/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJvMwRgggvgbKCJM4Y3PcP">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" 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