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class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Sisukord</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">vii külgpaanile</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">peida</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Algus</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Ajalugu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ajalugu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Ajalugu</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ajalugu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arhitektuur_ja_asend" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arhitektuur_ja_asend"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Arhitektuur ja asend</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Arhitektuur_ja_asend-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Skulptuurid_ja_kunstiteosed" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Skulptuurid_ja_kunstiteosed"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Skulptuurid ja kunstiteosed</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Skulptuurid_ja_kunstiteosed-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Villa_tänapäeval" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Villa_tänapäeval"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Villa tänapäeval</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Villa_tänapäeval-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Viited" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Viited"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Viited</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Viited-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kirjandus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kirjandus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Kirjandus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kirjandus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Välislingid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Välislingid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Välislingid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Välislingid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sisukord" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Lülita sisukord ümber" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Lülita sisukord ümber</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Hadrianuse villa</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Mine teises keeles artiklisse. Saadaval 46 keeles" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-46" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">46 keelt</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A7_%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86" title="فيلا هادريان – araabia" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فيلا هادريان" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="araabia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vila_Hadrianus" title="Vila Hadrianus – indoneesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Vila Hadrianus" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%90%D0%B4%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Віла Адрыяна – valgevene" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Віла Адрыяна" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="valgevene" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_Adriana" title="Villa Adriana – bretooni" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Villa Adriana" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretooni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%90%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Вила Адриана – bulgaaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Вила Адриана" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vil%C2%B7la_Hadriana" title="Vil·la Hadriana – katalaani" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Vil·la Hadriana" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalaani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_Adriana_(lungsod)" title="Villa Adriana (lungsod) – sebu" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Villa Adriana (lungsod)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="sebu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadri%C3%A1nova_vila" title="Hadriánova vila – tšehhi" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Hadriánova vila" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tšehhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_Adriana" title="Villa Adriana – taani" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Villa Adriana" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="taani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_Adriana" title="Villa Adriana – saksa" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Villa Adriana" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="saksa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%88%CF%80%CE%B1%CF%85%CE%BB%CE%B7_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%91%CE%B4%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%8D" title="Έπαυλη του Αδριανού – kreeka" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Έπαυλη του Αδριανού" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="kreeka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadrian%27s_Villa" title="Hadrian's Villa – inglise" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Hadrian's Villa" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglise" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_Adriana" title="Villa Adriana – hispaania" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Villa Adriana" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="hispaania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadrianoren_villa" title="Hadrianoren villa – baski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Hadrianoren villa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7_%D8%A2%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7" title="ویلا آدریانا – pärsia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ویلا آدریانا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="pärsia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_d%27Hadrien" title="Villa d'Hadrien – prantsuse" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Villa d'Hadrien" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="prantsuse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vila_Adriana" title="Vila Adriana – galeegi" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Vila Adriana" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galeegi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B9%8C%EB%9D%BC_%EC%95%84%EB%93%9C%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%84%EB%82%98" title="빌라 아드리아나 – korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="빌라 아드리아나" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%A4%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B8%D5%BD%D5%AB_%D5%BE%D5%AB%D5%AC%D5%AC%D5%A1" title="Ադրիանոսի վիլլա – armeenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ադրիանոսի վիլլա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadrijanova_vila" title="Hadrijanova vila – horvaadi" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Hadrijanova vila" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="horvaadi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_Adriana" title="Villa Adriana – itaalia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Villa Adriana" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="itaalia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%94_%D7%90%D7%93%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%94" title="וילה אדריאנה – heebrea" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="וילה אדריאנה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="heebrea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%93%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90" title="ადრიანეს ვილა – gruusia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ადრიანეს ვილა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="gruusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_Hadriana" title="Villa Hadriana – ladina" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Villa Hadriana" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="ladina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadriano_vila" title="Hadriano vila – leedu" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Hadriano vila" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="leedu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_Adriana" title="Villa Adriana – ungari" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Villa Adriana" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Адријанова вила – makedoonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Адријанова вила" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedoonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%BB%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2" title="ഹാട്രിയൻസ് വില്ല – malajalami" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഹാട്രിയൻസ് വില്ല" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajalami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_ta%27_Adrijanu" title="Villa ta' Adrijanu – malta" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Villa ta' Adrijanu" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="malta" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%93%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90" title="ადრიანეშ ვილა – megreli" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ადრიანეშ ვილა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="megreli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_Adriana" title="Villa Adriana – hollandi" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Villa Adriana" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="hollandi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A3%E3%83%83%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BB%E3%82%A2%E3%83%89%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2%E3%83%BC%E3%83%8A_(%E3%83%86%E3%82%A3%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A9%E3%83%AA)" title="ヴィッラ・アドリアーナ (ティヴォリ) – jaapani" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ヴィッラ・アドリアーナ (ティヴォリ)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="jaapani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_Adriana" title="Villa Adriana – norra bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Villa Adriana" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norra bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willa_Hadriana" title="Willa Hadriana – poola" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Willa Hadriana" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poola" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vila_Adriana" title="Vila Adriana – portugali" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Vila Adriana" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%90%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Вилла Адриана – vene" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Вилла Адриана" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="vene" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadrijanova_vila" title="Hadrijanova vila – sloveeni" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Hadrijanova vila" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sloveeni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Хадријанова вила – serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Хадријанова вила" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadrijanova_vila" title="Hadrijanova vila – serbia-horvaadi" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Hadrijanova vila" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbia-horvaadi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_Adriana" title="Villa Adriana – soome" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Villa Adriana" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="soome" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadrianus_villa" title="Hadrianus villa – rootsi" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Hadrianus villa" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="rootsi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Villa_Adriana" title="Villa Adriana – vietnami" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Villa Adriana" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hadrianus%27un_Villas%C4%B1" title="Hadrianus'un Villası – türgi" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Hadrianus'un Villası" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="türgi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D0%90%D0%B4%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Вілла Адріана – ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Вілла Адріана" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%93%88%E5%BE%B7%E8%89%AF%E5%88%A5%E5%A2%85" title="哈德良別墅 – kantoni" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="哈德良別墅" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%93%88%E5%BE%B7%E8%89%AF%E5%88%AB%E5%A2%85" title="哈德良别墅 – hiina" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="哈德良别墅" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="hiina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q272777#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Muuda keelelinke" class="wbc-editpage">Muuda linke</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Nimeruumid"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li 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class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Veel võimalusi" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Toimingud </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hadrianuse_villa"><span>Vaata</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadrianuse_villa&veaction=edit" title="Muuda seda lehekülge [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Muuda</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadrianuse_villa&action=edit" title="Redigeeri selle lehekülje lähteteksti [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Muuda lähteteksti</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadrianuse_villa&action=history"><span>Näita 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data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Allikas: Vikipeedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="et" dir="ltr"><div class="nomobile"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6739384">.mw-parser-output th.mbox-text,.mw-parser-output td.mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.9em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output td.mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output td.mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output td.mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output table.ambox{margin:0 10%;border:1px solid #aaa;border-left:10px solid #1e90ff;background:#fbfbfb}.mw-parser-output table.ambox~table.ambox:not(.mbox-small-left){margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox 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.mw-parser-output .cmbox{background-color:#0d1a27}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmbox{background-color:#2e2505}}</style></div><table class="metadata plainlinks ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></span></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><b>Artiklis ei ole piisavalt <a href="/wiki/Vikipeedia:Viitamine" title="Vikipeedia:Viitamine">viiteid</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"></span><span class="hide-when-compact"> <br /><small>Palun aita väiteid kontrollida ja <a class="external text" href="https://et.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hadrianuse_villa&action=edit">viiteid lisada</a></small>. <small>(<a href="/wiki/Juhend:Toimetusm%C3%A4rkuste_eemaldamine" title="Juhend:Toimetusmärkuste eemaldamine">Kuidas ja millal see märkus eemaldada?</a>)</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Canopus_vanaf_serapium.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Canopus_vanaf_serapium.jpg/220px-Canopus_vanaf_serapium.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Canopus_vanaf_serapium.jpg/330px-Canopus_vanaf_serapium.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Canopus_vanaf_serapium.jpg/440px-Canopus_vanaf_serapium.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>Vaade Serapise templist</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Hadrianuse villa</b> (<a href="/wiki/Itaalia_keel" title="Itaalia keel">itaalia keeles</a> <i>Villa Adriana</i>) on <a href="/wiki/Rooma_keisririik" title="Rooma keisririik">Rooma keisririigi</a> ajast pärinev arheoloogiline kompleks <a href="/wiki/Itaalia" title="Itaalia">Itaalias</a> <a href="/wiki/Tivoli" title="Tivoli">Tivolis</a>. See kuulub Itaalia riigile ja detsembrist <a href="/wiki/2014" title="2014">2014</a> haldab seda <a href="/w/index.php?title=Polo_Museale_del_Lazio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Polo Museale del Lazio (pole veel kirjutatud)">Polo Museale del Lazio</a>. Villa on kantud <a href="/wiki/UNESCO_maailmap%C3%A4randi_nimistu" title="UNESCO maailmapärandi nimistu">UNESCO maailmapärandi nimistusse</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ajalugu">Ajalugu</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadrianuse_villa&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Muuda alaosa "Ajalugu"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadrianuse_villa&action=edit&section=1" title="Muuda alaosa "Ajalugu" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Lazio_Tivoli2_tango7174.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Lazio_Tivoli2_tango7174.jpg/220px-Lazio_Tivoli2_tango7174.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Lazio_Tivoli2_tango7174.jpg/330px-Lazio_Tivoli2_tango7174.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Lazio_Tivoli2_tango7174.jpg/440px-Lazio_Tivoli2_tango7174.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Mereteater</figcaption></figure> <p>Villa rajati teise sajandi teisel ja kolmandal aastakümnel Tiburisse (tänapäeva Tivoli) <a href="/wiki/Rooma_keiser" title="Rooma keiser">rooma keisri</a> <a href="/wiki/Hadrianus" title="Hadrianus">Hadrianuse</a> puhkepaigaks. Räägitakse, et Hadrianusele ei meeldinud <a href="/wiki/Rooma" title="Rooma">Roomas</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Palatinus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palatinus (pole veel kirjutatud)">Palatinuse</a> künkal asunud loss, ja see viis varjupaiga rajamiseni. Oma võimuperioodi viimastel aastatel valitseski ta riiki sealt villast. Hadrianus muutis villa oma ametlikuks residentsiks aastal <a href="/wiki/128" title="128">128</a>. Sellest ajast peale elas seal suur õukond. 29 kilomeetri kaugusel oleva Roomaga peeti sidet postiteenistuse abil. </p><p>Pärast Hadrianust kasutasid seda villat aeg-ajalt ka mitmed tema järeltulijad (villast on leitud <a href="/wiki/Antoninus_Pius" title="Antoninus Pius">Antoninus Piuse</a> (138–161), <a href="/wiki/Marcus_Aurelius" title="Marcus Aurelius">Marcus Aureliuse</a> (161–180), <a href="/wiki/Lucius_Verus" title="Lucius Verus">Lucius Veruse</a> (161–169), <a href="/wiki/Septimius_Severus" title="Septimius Severus">Septimius Severuse</a> ja Caracalla <a href="/wiki/B%C3%BCst" title="Büst">büstid</a>). Tõenäoliselt elas seal aasta <a href="/wiki/270" title="270">270</a> paiku ka troonilt tõugatud <a href="/wiki/Palmyra" title="Palmyra">Palmyra</a> kuninganna <a href="/w/index.php?title=Zenobia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zenobia (pole veel kirjutatud)">Zenobia</a>. <a href="/wiki/4._sajand" title="4. sajand">4. sajandil</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rooma_langus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rooma langus (pole veel kirjutatud)">Rooma languse</a> ajal, jäi villa tasahilju kasutuseta, ja kuna sealsed hinnalisemad kujud ja <a href="/wiki/Marmor" title="Marmor">marmor</a> viidi sealt minema, muutus see osaliselt varemeteks. <a href="/wiki/Idagoodid" title="Idagoodid">Idagootide</a> ja <a href="/wiki/B%C3%BCtsants" title="Bütsants">Bütsantsi</a> vahelises laastavad <a href="/wiki/Gooti_s%C3%B5da" title="Gooti sõda">gooti sõjas</a> kasutasid mõlemad pooled villat laohoonena. Leitud on <a href="/wiki/Lubjaahi" title="Lubjaahi">lubjaahju</a> jäänused, kus kompleksist pärinevat marmorit põletati <a href="/wiki/16._sajand" title="16. sajand">16. sajandil</a> muude ehitiste tarvis <a href="/wiki/Lubi" title="Lubi">lubjaks</a>. <a href="/wiki/Kardinal" title="Kardinal">Kardinal</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ippolito_II_d%27Este&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ippolito II d'Este (pole veel kirjutatud)">Ippolito II d'Este</a> viis ära suurema osa Hadrianuse villasse jäänud marmorist ja kujudest, et kaunistada nendega omaenda elupaika – lähedal asuvat <a href="/w/index.php?title=Villa_d%27Este&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Villa d'Este (pole veel kirjutatud)">Villa d'Estet</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Arhitektuur_ja_asend">Arhitektuur ja asend</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadrianuse_villa&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Muuda alaosa "Arhitektuur ja asend"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadrianuse_villa&action=edit&section=2" title="Muuda alaosa "Arhitektuur ja asend" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><p> Hadrianuse villa hõlmab suure maa-ala, millel asuvad paljud tiigid, saunda, purskkaevud ja kreeka stiilis ehitised. Sealsed hooned on ehitatud <a href="/wiki/Travertiin" class="mw-redirect" title="Travertiin">travertiinist</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lubjakivi" title="Lubjakivi">lubjakivist</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pozzolaan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pozzolaan (pole veel kirjutatud)">pozzolaanist</a> ja <a href="/wiki/Tuff" title="Tuff">tufist</a>. Kompleksi kuulub üle kolmekümne ehitise ja selle pindala on vähemalt üks ruutkilomeeter, millest suur osa on veel välja kaevamata. See ala valiti villa jaoks, kuna seal oli rikkalikult vett ja kuna selle läheduses asusid mitmed <a href="/wiki/Akvedukt" title="Akvedukt">akveduktid</a>, sealhulgas Anio Vetus, Anio Nobus, Aqua Marcia ja Aqua Claudia.<sup id="cite_ref-XM7cD_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-XM7cD-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Villa on suurim roomlaste rajatud Aleksandria aed (taasloodud püha maastik).</p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Hadrian_villa_ruins.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Hadrian_villa_ruins.JPG/220px-Hadrian_villa_ruins.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Hadrian_villa_ruins.JPG/330px-Hadrian_villa_ruins.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Hadrian_villa_ruins.JPG/440px-Hadrian_villa_ruins.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1704" data-file-height="2272" /></a><figcaption>Hadrianuse villa varemed</figcaption></figure> <p>Villa juures on tunda mitmesuguseid arhitektuurilisi mõjusid, peamiselt pärinevad need <a href="/wiki/Kreeka" title="Kreeka">Kreekast</a> ja <a href="/wiki/Egiptus" title="Egiptus">Egiptusest</a>. Hadrianus oli palju ringi reisinud mees ja nii laenas ta villa rajamisel neid mõjusid, nii näiteks asetas ta Canopuse juurde <a href="/wiki/Kar%C3%BCatiid" title="Karüatiid">karüatiidid</a>, nende kõrvale aga Egibtuse kääbusest viljakusjumalat <a href="/wiki/Bes" title="Bes">Besi</a> kujutavad kujud. Kreekapärane nõndanimetatud Mereteater, mida teatakse ka kui Erakusaart, on rajatud klassikalises <a href="/wiki/Joonia_order" title="Joonia order">joonia orderis</a>, sellal kui paljude hoonete <a href="/wiki/Kuppel" title="Kuppel">kuplid</a> ning Serapeumi ja Canopuse korintose kaared on ilmselgelt roomapärased. Hadrianuse biograafia väidab, et villa piirkonnad on nimetatud nende paikade järgi, mida Hadrianus oma reisidel nägi. Samas võib vaid üksikuid paiku tänapäeva varemetekompleksis tema biograafias mainitud paikadega täpselt seostada. </p><p>Üks villa rabavamaid ja kõige paremini säilinud paiku on Canopuse tiik ja selle juures asuv Serapeumi tehisgrott. Egiptuses asuvas <a href="/wiki/Canopus" title="Canopus">Canopuse</a> linnas asus <a href="/w/index.php?title=Serapis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serapis (pole veel kirjutatud)">Serapisele</a> pühitsetud <a href="/w/index.php?title=Serapeum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serapeum (pole veel kirjutatud)">Serapeumi</a> tempel. Samas on sealne arhitektuur tüüpiline näide kreeka mõjutustega rooma impeeriumi hiilgeaja ja langusperioodi arhitektuurist, mida on näha ka tiiki ümbritsevatest kuulsate kreeka skulptuuride koopiatest ja Korintose sammastest. Tiigi pikkuseks on 119, laiuseks aga 18 meetrit. Kõik tiiki ümbritsevad sambad olid omavahel marmoriga ühendatud.<sup id="cite_ref-marmor_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-marmor-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Serapeumi ja selle veidrakujuliste kuplite kohta on käibel ka üks anekdoot. Nimelt ei pidanud üks tolle ajastu tuntumaid arhitekte, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Apollodorus_Damaskusest&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apollodorus Damaskusest (pole veel kirjutatud)">Apollodorus Damaskusest</a>, Hadrianuse kavandeid millekski ja võrdles Serepaumi kuplit <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B5rvits" class="mw-redirect" title="Kõrvits">kõrvitsaga</a>. Ta ütles nii: "Mine minema ja joonista oma kõrvitsaid edasi. Neist (arhitektuurialastest) küsimustest ei tea sina midagi." </p><p>Villas asub ka Hadrianuse Pecile, suur aed, mida ümbritsevad ujumiseks mõeldud tiik ja sammaskäik. Tiigi pikkus on 232, laius aga 93 meetrit. Algselt ümbritsesid tiiki neli seina, mille siseküljel asusid sambad. Need sambad toestasid selle kohal asunud katust. Siina viiva kvadriportikuse keskel oli omakorda ruudukujuline tiik. Need seinad aitasid luua Hadrianuse ja tema külaliste jaoks rahuliku ja üksildase paiga. </p><p>Üks villa ehitistest on ka nõndanimetatud Mereteater. Sellel oli ümmargune sammastele toetuva <a href="/wiki/Silinderv%C3%B5lv" title="Silindervõlv">silindervõlviga</a> kaetud <a href="/wiki/Portikus" title="Portikus">portikus</a>. Portikuse taga oli ümmargune tiik, mille keskel asus saar. Selle ehitise diameeter oli nelikümmend meetrit ja sissepääs asus selle põhjaküljel. Nii selle välimise seina siseküljel kui ka seda ümbritseva vallikraavi väliküljel asusid üksteisega ühendamata <a href="/wiki/Joonia_sammas" class="mw-redirect" title="Joonia sammas">joonia sambad</a>. Kompleksi kuulusid elutuba, raamatukogu, kolm põrandaküttega luksustuba, köetav saun, kümbluseks mõeldud bassein, kunstigalerii ja suur purskkaev.<sup id="cite_ref-marmor_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-marmor-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Antiikajal ühendasid saart portikusega kaks ülestõstetavat puitsilda. Saarel asub väike <a href="/w/index.php?title=Domus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Domus (pole veel kirjutatud)">rooma stiilis maja</a>, mille juures on olemas kõik selle juurde kuuluv – <a href="/wiki/Aatrium" title="Aatrium">aatrium</a>, raamatukogu, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Trikliinium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trikliinium (pole veel kirjutatud)">trikliinium</a> ja väikesed saunaruumid. Tõenäoliselt kasutas keiser seda hoonet kui varjupaika õukonnaelu askelduste eest. </p><p>Villa juures on kasutatud arvukalt arhitektuuristiile ja uuendusi. Nii on sealsete aurusaunade kuplite tipus avaused, mille kaudu aur võis hoonest välja pääseda. Taoline kuppel omane ka <a href="/wiki/Rooma_Panteon" title="Rooma Panteon">Panteonile</a>, mille lasi samuti rajada Hadrianus. Kompleksi all asub maa-aluste käikude võrgustik. Neid käike kasutati põhiliselt selleks, et teenrid ja kaubad saaksid vabalt villa ühest otsast teise liikuda. </p><p>Aastal <a href="/wiki/1998" title="1998">1998</a> avastasid arheoloogid ehitise, mida nad pidasid <a href="/w/index.php?title=Antinous&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antinous (pole veel kirjutatud)">Antinouse</a> hauaks või vähemasti temale pühitsetud templiks.<sup id="cite_ref-dY6IW_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dY6IW-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hilisemates uuringutes on see seisukoht aga vaidlustatud, kuna sealset hauda ei seosta Antinousega mitte ükski otsene tõend, lisaks on avastatud ka <a href="/wiki/Patristika" title="Patristika">patristikas</a> üks varem tähelepanuta jäänud allikas, mis viitab tema matusekohana Egiptuse <a href="/w/index.php?title=Antinopolis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antinopolis (pole veel kirjutatud)">Antinopolise</a> linnale, ja kuigi Antinousele pühitsetud pühamu olemasolu Hadrianuse villas oleks usutav, ei ole seda siiski võimalik täie kindlusega tõestada.<sup id="cite_ref-p0cb3_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-p0cb3-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Thermae_of_Villa_Adriana_panoramic.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Suured termid"><img alt="Suured termid" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Thermae_of_Villa_Adriana_panoramic.jpg/1100px-Thermae_of_Villa_Adriana_panoramic.jpg" decoding="async" width="1100" height="262" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Thermae_of_Villa_Adriana_panoramic.jpg/1650px-Thermae_of_Villa_Adriana_panoramic.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Thermae_of_Villa_Adriana_panoramic.jpg/2200px-Thermae_of_Villa_Adriana_panoramic.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5248" data-file-height="1248" /></a><figcaption>Suured termid</figcaption></figure> <p>Septembris <a href="/wiki/2013" title="2013">2013</a> alustati sügaval Hadrianuse villa all asuva tunnelivõrgustiku uurimist. Villat ennast peetakse arhitektuuriliseks meistriteoseks. Koopauurijate rühm on avastanud, et see on veel väärtuslikum, kui varem arvati.<sup id="cite_ref-Gmlgi_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gmlgi-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Skulptuurid_ja_kunstiteosed">Skulptuurid ja kunstiteosed</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadrianuse_villa&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Muuda alaosa "Skulptuurid ja kunstiteosed"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadrianuse_villa&action=edit&section=3" title="Muuda alaosa "Skulptuurid ja kunstiteosed" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Tragic_comic_masks_-_roman_mosaic.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Tragic_comic_masks_-_roman_mosaic.jpg/220px-Tragic_comic_masks_-_roman_mosaic.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Tragic_comic_masks_-_roman_mosaic.jpg/330px-Tragic_comic_masks_-_roman_mosaic.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Tragic_comic_masks_-_roman_mosaic.jpg/440px-Tragic_comic_masks_-_roman_mosaic.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Hadrianuse villast leitud tragöödia ja komöödia maske kujutav mosaiik (praegu hoiul Kapitooliumi muuseumis Roomas)</figcaption></figure> <p>Villast on leitud ja seejärel restaureeritud palju ilusaid kunstiteoseid, näiteks õnnetul kombel Egiptuses uppunud Hadrianuse jumalikustatud armukese <a href="/w/index.php?title=Antinous&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antinous (pole veel kirjutatud)">Antinouse</a> marmorkuju ning teatrite ja saunade mosaiigid. Üks väga tõetruu mosaiik, mis kujutab kausi ümber istuvaid tuvisid, kellest üks joob, tundub olevat koopia <a href="/wiki/Plinius_Vanem" title="Plinius Vanem">Plinius Vanema</a> kirjeldatud taiesest, mille valmistas <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sosus_Pergamonist&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sosus Pergamonist (pole veel kirjutatud)">Sosus Pergamonist</a>. Sellest mosaiigist on omakorda tehtud arvukalt koopiaid.<sup id="cite_ref-zWFdZ_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zWFdZ-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Villast on leitud palju koopiaid Kreeka skulptuuridest (näiteks "Haavatud amatsoon"), samuti egiptuse stiilis kujutatud rooma jumalate ja rooma stiilis kujutatud egiptuse jumalate pilte. Enamik neist on viidud hoiule ja restaureerimiseks <a href="/wiki/Rooma" title="Rooma">Rooma</a>, kus neid võib näha <a href="/wiki/Kapitooliumi_muuseumid" title="Kapitooliumi muuseumid">Kapitooliumi muuseumides</a> või <a href="/wiki/Vatikani_muuseumid" title="Vatikani muuseumid">Vatikani muuseumides</a>. Sellele vaatamata on paljud neist välja kaevatud juba <a href="/wiki/18._sajand" title="18. sajand">18. sajandil</a>, mil seal tegutsesid antiigikaupmehed nagu <a href="/w/index.php?title=Piranesi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Piranesi (pole veel kirjutatud)">Piranesi</a> ja <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gavin_hamilton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gavin hamilton (pole veel kirjutatud)">Gavin Hamilton</a>, kes müüsid neid turistidele ja <a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Townsley&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles Townsley (pole veel kirjutatud)">Charles Townsley</a> sugustele antikvaaridele; nii võib neid leida <a href="/wiki/Euroopa" title="Euroopa">Euroopa</a> ja <a href="/wiki/P%C3%B5hja-Ameerika" title="Põhja-Ameerika">Põhja-Ameerika</a> suurematest antiigikogudest. Villast leitud kunstiteoste hulka kuuluvad: </p> <ul><li>"<a href="/w/index.php?title=Diskopbolos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diskopbolos (pole veel kirjutatud)">Diskopbolos</a>"</li> <li>koopia kuulsast hellenistlikust tuvide basseini mosaiigist, tänapäeval asub Kapitooliumi muuseumis</li> <li>"<a href="/w/index.php?title=Versailles_Diana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Versailles Diana (pole veel kirjutatud)">Versailles Diana</a>", asub <a href="/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre">Louvre'i</a> muuseumis</li> <li>"<a href="/w/index.php?title=K%C3%BC%C3%BCrutav_Venus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Küürutav Venus (pole veel kirjutatud)">Küürutav Venus</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/w/index.php?title=Kapitooliumi_Antinous&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kapitooliumi Antinous (pole veel kirjutatud)">Kapitooliumi Antinous</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/w/index.php?title=Noor_kentaur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Noor kentaur (pole veel kirjutatud)">Noor kentaur</a>" ja "<a href="/w/index.php?title=Vana_kentaur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vana kentaur (pole veel kirjutatud)">Vana kentaur</a>"</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Villa_tänapäeval"><span id="Villa_t.C3.A4nap.C3.A4eval"></span>Villa tänapäeval</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadrianuse_villa&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Muuda alaosa "Villa tänapäeval"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadrianuse_villa&action=edit&section=4" title="Muuda alaosa "Villa tänapäeval" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Villa kuulub <a href="/wiki/UNESCO_maailmap%C3%A4randi_nimistu" title="UNESCO maailmapärandi nimistu">UNESCO maailmapärandi nimistusse</a>, olles nii tähtis kultuurimälestis kui ka oluline arheoloogiline leiukoht. Koos lähedalasuva <a href="/w/index.php?title=Villa_d%27Este&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Villa d'Este (pole veel kirjutatud)">Villa d'Estega</a> ja <a href="/wiki/Tivoli" title="Tivoli">Tivoli</a> linnaga kuulub see tähtsate turismiobjektide hulka. Kuna varemete olukord on kiiresti halvenemas, liigitas <a href="/wiki/WMF" class="mw-disambig" title="WMF">WMF</a> <a href="/wiki/2006" title="2006">2006</a>. aastal selle 100 kõige ohustatuma kultuurimälestise hulka. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Viited">Viited</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadrianuse_villa&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Muuda alaosa "Viited"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadrianuse_villa&action=edit&section=5" title="Muuda alaosa "Viited" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-XM7cD-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-XM7cD_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6066747">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211026204619/http://www.italia.it/en/travel-ideas/unesco-world-heritage-sites/the-emperors-abode-hadrians-villa.html">"Arhiivikoopia"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.italia.it/en/travel-ideas/unesco-world-heritage-sites/the-emperors-abode-hadrians-villa.html">Originaali</a> arhiivikoopia seisuga 26. oktoober 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Vaadatud 4. märtsil 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Arhiivikoopia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.italia.it%2Fen%2Ftravel-ideas%2Funesco-world-heritage-sites%2Fthe-emperors-abode-hadrians-villa.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fet.wikipedia.org%3AHadrianuse+villa" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Mall:Netiviide" title="Mall:Netiviide">netiviide</a>}}</code>: CS1 hooldus: arhiivikoopia kasutusel pealkirjana (<a href="/wiki/Kategooria:CS1_hooldus:_arhiivikoopia_kasutusel_pealkirjana" title="Kategooria:CS1 hooldus: arhiivikoopia kasutusel pealkirjana">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-marmor-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-marmor_2-0">2,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-marmor_2-1">2,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://depts.washington.edu/hrome/Authors/somers/Nososureyets/pub_zbarticle_view_printable.html">https://depts.washington.edu/hrome/Authors/somers/Nososureyets/pub_zbarticle_view_printable.html</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dY6IW-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-dY6IW_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Mari, Zaccaria and Sgalambro, Sergio: The Antinoeion of Hadrian's Villa: Interpretation and Architectural Reconstruction, American Journal of Archaeology, Kd 3, Nr 1, Jan 2007</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-p0cb3-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-p0cb3_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Renberg, Gil H.: Hadrian and the Oracles of Antinous (SHA, Hadr. 14.7); with an appendix on the so-called Antinoeion at Hadrian’s Villa and Rome’s Monte Pincio Obelisk, Memoirs of the American Academy in Rome, Kd. 55 (2010)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gmlgi-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Gmlgi_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-24027845">http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-24027845</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-zWFdZ-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-zWFdZ_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Drabble, Margaret (2009-09-16). The Pattern in the Carpet: A Personal History with Jigsaws. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. lk. 292.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kirjandus">Kirjandus</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadrianuse_villa&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Muuda alaosa "Kirjandus"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadrianuse_villa&action=edit&section=6" title="Muuda alaosa "Kirjandus" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>A. Betori, Z. Mari, 'Villa Adriana, edificio circolare noto come Sepolcro o Tomba: campagna di scavo 2004: breve sintesi dei resultati', www.fastionline.org/docs/2004-14.pdf</li> <li>Hadrien empereur et architecte. La Villa d'Hadrien: tradition et modernite d'un paysage culturel. Actes du Colloque international organise par le Centre Culturel du Pantheon (2002. Genf)</li> <li>Villa Adriana. Paesaggio antico e ambiente moderno: elementi di novita` e ricerche in corso. Atti del Convegno: Roma 23–24 giugnio 2000, ed. A. M. Reggiani (2002. Milano)</li> <li>E. Salza Prina Ricotti, Villa Adriana il sogno di un imperatore (2001)</li> <li>Hadrien: tresor d'une villa imperiale, ed. J. Charles-Gaffiot, H. Lavagne [exhibition catalogue, Paris] (1999. Milano)</li> <li>W. L. MacDonald and J. A. Pinto, Hadrian's Villa and its legacy (1995)</li> <li>A. Giubilei, 'Il Conte Fede e la Villa Adriana: storia di una collezione d'arte', in Atti e Memorie della Società Tiburtina di Storia e d'arte; 68 (1995), lk. 81–121</li> <li>J. Raeder, Die Statuarische Ausstattung Der Villa Hadriana Bei Tivoli (1983)</li> <li>R. Lanciani, La Villa Adriana (1906)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Välislingid"><span id="V.C3.A4lislingid"></span>Välislingid</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadrianuse_villa&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Muuda alaosa "Välislingid"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hadrianuse_villa&action=edit&section=7" title="Muuda alaosa "Välislingid" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="sisterproject plainlinks" style="margin:0.1em 0 0 0;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Villa_Adriana?uselang=et">Hadrianuse villa</a> – pildid, videod ja helifailid Wikimedia Commonsis</div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tibursuperbum.it/eng/monumenti/villaadriana/index.htm">Villa Tivoli turismiportaalis</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.villa-adriana.net/">Villa Adriana</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.greatbuildings.com/buildings/Hadrians_Villa.html">Villa arhitektuuriportaalis; fotod</a></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Pärit leheküljelt "<a dir="ltr" href="https://et.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hadrianuse_villa&oldid=6734048">https://et.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hadrianuse_villa&oldid=6734048</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Eri:Kategooriad" title="Eri:Kategooriad">Kategooriad</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategooria:Lazio" title="Kategooria:Lazio">Lazio</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategooria:UNESCO_maailmap%C3%A4randi_nimistu_objektid_Itaalias" title="Kategooria:UNESCO maailmapärandi nimistu objektid Itaalias">UNESCO maailmapärandi nimistu objektid Itaalias</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategooria:Itaalia_muistised" title="Kategooria:Itaalia muistised">Itaalia muistised</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Peidetud kategooriad: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategooria:CS1_hooldus:_arhiivikoopia_kasutusel_pealkirjana" title="Kategooria:CS1 hooldus: arhiivikoopia kasutusel pealkirjana">CS1 hooldus: arhiivikoopia kasutusel pealkirjana</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategooria:Ebapiisavalt_viidatud_artiklid" title="Kategooria:Ebapiisavalt viidatud artiklid">Ebapiisavalt viidatud artiklid</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Selle lehekülje viimane muutmine: 13:19, 28. september 2024.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Tekst on kasutatav vastavalt Creative Commonsi litsentsile "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.et">Autorile viitamine + jagamine samadel tingimustel</a>"; sellele võivad lisanduda täiendavad tingimused. 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