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Constitution</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Articles_of_the_1982_Constitution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References_to_the_1982_Constitution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References_to_the_1982_Constitution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>References to the 1982 Constitution</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References_to_the_1982_Constitution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Decree_PCM-M-016-2009" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Decree_PCM-M-016-2009"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Decree PCM-M-016-2009</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Decree_PCM-M-016-2009-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> 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screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile vcard" style="width:20em;"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><div class="adr"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Honduras" title="Politics of Honduras">Politics of Honduras</a></div></th></tr><tr><th><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Honduras.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Coat_of_arms_of_Honduras.svg/140px-Coat_of_arms_of_Honduras.svg.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Coat_of_arms_of_Honduras.svg/210px-Coat_of_arms_of_Honduras.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Coat_of_arms_of_Honduras.svg/280px-Coat_of_arms_of_Honduras.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="710" /></a></span></th></tr><tr><th style="border-bottom: #aaa 1px solid"></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Constitution</a></li><li>Law</li></ul></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2009_Honduran_constitutional_crisis" title="2009 Honduran constitutional crisis">2009 constitutional crisis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_Honduran_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="2009 Honduran coup d'état">2009 coup d'état</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_politics_in_Honduras" class="mw-redirect" title="Gun politics in Honduras">Gun politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Honduras" title="Human rights in Honduras">Human rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Honduras" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Honduras">LGBT rights</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Executive_branch_of_the_government_of_Honduras" title="Executive branch of the government of Honduras">Executive</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Honduras" title="President of Honduras">President</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Xiomara_Castro" title="Xiomara Castro">Xiomara Castro</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_Honduras" title="Vice President of Honduras">Vice Presidents</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Doris_Guti%C3%A9rrez" title="Doris Gutiérrez">Doris Gutiérrez</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Renato_Florentino" title="Renato Florentino">Renato Florentino</a></dd></dl></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_branch_of_the_government_of_Honduras" title="Executive branch of the government of Honduras">Ministries</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Legislative</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Congress_of_Honduras" title="National Congress of Honduras">National Congress</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/National_Congress_of_Honduras#President" title="National Congress of Honduras">President</a>: <a href="/wiki/Luis_Redondo" title="Luis Redondo">Luis Redondo</a></dd></dl></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Judiciary</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Honduras" title="Supreme Court of Honduras">Supreme Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Electoral_Council_(Honduras)" title="National Electoral Council (Honduras)">National Electoral Council</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Honduras#Administrative_divisions" title="Honduras">Administrative divisions</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Departments_of_Honduras" title="Departments of Honduras">Departments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Honduras" title="Municipalities of Honduras">Municipalities</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Honduras" title="Elections in Honduras">Elections</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ley_de_Lemas" class="mw-redirect" title="Ley de Lemas"><i>Ley de Lemas</i> voting system</a></li> <li>Recent elections <dl><dd><div class="hlist"><ul><li>General: <a href="/wiki/2017_Honduran_general_election" title="2017 Honduran general election">2017</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2021_Honduran_general_election" title="2021 Honduran general election">2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/2025_Honduran_general_election" title="2025 Honduran general election"><i>2025</i></a></li></ul></div></dd></dl></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed plainlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Honduras" title="List of political parties in Honduras">Political parties</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;;text-align:center;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Party_of_Honduras" title="National Party of Honduras">National Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Honduras" title="Liberal Party of Honduras">Liberal Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Unification_Party" title="Democratic Unification Party">Democratic Unification Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Democratic_Party_of_Honduras" title="Christian Democratic Party of Honduras">Christian Democratic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Innovation_and_Unity_Party" title="Innovation and Unity Party">Innovation and Unity Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FAPER" class="mw-redirect" title="FAPER">FAPER</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_and_Refoundation" title="Liberty and Refoundation">Liberty and Refoundation ("Libre")</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honduran_Patriotic_Alliance" title="Honduran Patriotic Alliance">Patriotic Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Corruption_Party" title="Anti-Corruption Party">Anti-Corruption Party</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Honduras" title="Foreign relations of Honduras">Foreign relations</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li>Ministry of Foreign Affairs <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Honduras)" title="Minister of Foreign Affairs (Honduras)">Minister</a>: Eduardo Enrique Reina</dd></dl></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_Honduras" title="List of diplomatic missions of Honduras">Diplomatic missions of</a> / <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Honduras" title="List of diplomatic missions in Honduras">in Honduras</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Honduran_passport" title="Honduran passport">Passport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_requirements_for_Honduran_citizens" title="Visa requirements for Honduran citizens">Visa requirements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_policy_of_Honduras" title="Visa policy of Honduras">Visa policy</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <div class="hlist" style="text-align:center;font-weight:normal;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_political_science#Politics_by_region" title="Outline of political science">Other countries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Politics_of_Honduras" title="Template:Politics of Honduras"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Politics_of_Honduras" title="Template talk:Politics of Honduras"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Politics_of_Honduras" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Politics of Honduras"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Political Constitution of the Republic of Honduras</b> (<a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>: <i lang="es">Constitución Política de la República de Honduras</i>) was approved on 11 January 1982, published on 20 January 1982,<sup id="cite_ref-const_honduras_1982_original_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-const_honduras_1982_original-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> amended by the <a href="/wiki/National_Congress_of_Honduras" title="National Congress of Honduras">National Congress</a> of <a href="/wiki/Honduras" title="Honduras">Honduras</a> 26 times from 1984 to 2005,<sup id="cite_ref-amendment_dates_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-amendment_dates-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and 10 interpretations by Congress were made from 1982 to 2005.<sup id="cite_ref-official_const_honduras_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-official_const_honduras-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-georgetown_const_82-05_generic_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-georgetown_const_82-05_generic-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is Honduras' twelfth constitution since independence in 1838. Previous charters were adopted in 1839, 1848, 1865, 1873, 1880, 1894, 1906, 1924, 1936, 1957 and 1965.<sup id="cite_ref-nohlen_americaelections_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nohlen_americaelections-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://todolegal.app/laws/6-constitucion-politica">Constitution of Honduras</a> gained notoriety because of the <a href="/wiki/2009_Honduran_constitutional_crisis" title="2009 Honduran constitutional crisis">2009 Honduran constitutional crisis</a> that removed <a href="/wiki/Manuel_Zelaya" title="Manuel Zelaya">President Manuel Zelaya</a> and saw <a href="/wiki/Roberto_Micheletti" title="Roberto Micheletti">Roberto Micheletti</a> take his place. In 2009 <a href="/wiki/%C3%93scar_Arias" title="Óscar Arias">Óscar Arias</a>, then President of <a href="/wiki/Costa_Rica" title="Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a>, who had been asked by the <a href="/wiki/US_State_Department" class="mw-redirect" title="US State Department">US State Department</a> to help arbitrate the crisis, termed the Honduran constitution the "worst in the entire world" and an "invitation to coups."<sup id="cite_ref-nation_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nation-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_history">Early history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitution_of_Honduras&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1838–1981"><span id="1838.E2.80.931981"></span>1838–1981</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitution_of_Honduras&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 1838–1981"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs expansion</b>. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Constitution_of_Honduras&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">December 2009</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Honduras broke away from the <a href="/wiki/Central_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Central American">Central American</a> Federation in October 1838 and became an independent sovereign state. However, in the 1840s and 1850s Honduras participated in several conferences Central American Union, which did not work, such as the Confederation of Central America (1842–1845), the covenant of Guatemala (1842), the Diet of Sonsonate (1846) and National Representation in Central America (1849–1852). It later adopted the name of <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Honduras" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Honduras">Republic of Honduras</a>. </p><p>In 1847 the <a href="/wiki/National_Autonomous_University_of_Honduras" class="mw-redirect" title="National Autonomous University of Honduras">National Autonomous University of Honduras</a> (public) was founded during the administration of President-elect John Lindo; it taught <a href="/wiki/Civil_law_(area)" class="mw-redirect" title="Civil law (area)">civil law</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philosophy" title="Philosophy">philosophy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Literature" title="Literature">literature</a>, among others. </p><p>In 1860, after his defeat in <a href="/wiki/Nicaragua" title="Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a>, Trujillo came to the U.S. (former president of Nicaragua) <a href="/wiki/William_Walker_(filibuster)" title="William Walker (filibuster)">William Walker</a> influenced by the ambiguous <a href="/wiki/Monroe_Doctrine" title="Monroe Doctrine">Monroe Doctrine</a> ( "America for Americans"). After deviating from his initial goal was the <a href="/wiki/Bay_Islands_Department" title="Bay Islands Department">Bay Islands</a> and the Mosquito, which previously belonged to Britain, barricaded himself in the Fortress of San Fernando in Omoa and was shot in Trujillo on 12 September 1860, during the presidential General <a href="/wiki/Jose_Santos_Guardiola" class="mw-redirect" title="Jose Santos Guardiola">Jose Santos Guardiola</a>, who was assassinated two years later, before the end of his term.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (December 2017)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Marco_Aurelio_Soto" title="Marco Aurelio Soto">Marco Aurelio Soto</a> Came to power in 1876 and implemented liberal reforms in the country. These reforms of administrative, political, economic and social development, tried to spin 90 degrees to the disastrous situation lived <a href="/wiki/Honduras" title="Honduras">Honduras</a>. Soto managed to improve lines of communication and others service. Construction of sections of railroad, the telegraph system and launched an education program unprecedented in the country. Despite the progress made during the administration, Honduras again fell back on social instability by failing to have products such as coffee grounds or snuff how to build a stable economy. </p><p>During the second half of the nineteenth century Honduras continued to participate in <a href="/wiki/Diplomacy" title="Diplomacy">diplomatic</a> efforts to restore political unity of Central America, and conference of The Union (1872) and <a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a> (1876). On 1 November 1898, the Greater Republic changed its name to Central America, but these were dissolved on 30 November and resumed sovereignty Honduras.<sup id="cite_ref-nohlen_americaelections_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nohlen_americaelections-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Constitution_of_11_January_1982">Constitution of 11 January 1982</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitution_of_Honduras&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Constitution of 11 January 1982"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Following <a href="/wiki/History_of_Honduras#1979–present" title="History of Honduras">several decades of military governments</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Constituent_assembly" title="Constituent assembly">constituent assembly</a> prepared a new constitution, agreed on it on 11 January 1982 and published it on 20 January 1982 in the official journal "La Gaceta".<sup id="cite_ref-official_const_honduras_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-official_const_honduras-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since then, the <a href="/wiki/National_Congress_of_Honduras" title="National Congress of Honduras">National Congress of Honduras</a> made 26 amendments (<a href="/wiki/Ratification#Ratification_of_a_constitution" title="Ratification">ratified</a> in 1984, 1986, 1987 (twice), 1988 (twice), 1990, 1991, 1995 (twice), 1996, 1998, 1999 (three times), 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003 (four times), 2004 (twice) and 2005 (twice) and 10 interpretations from 1982 to 2005.<sup id="cite_ref-const_honduras_1982_original_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-const_honduras_1982_original-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 13th amendment to the Constitution was voted by <a href="/wiki/National_Congress_of_Honduras" title="National Congress of Honduras">Congress</a> on 30 September 1998, to make the President commander in chief of the armed forces.<sup id="cite_ref-const_honduras_13th_amendment_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-const_honduras_13th_amendment-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The amendment was ratified by Congress by a vote of 128-0 on 26 January 1999<sup id="cite_ref-Ref_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ref_-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and signed by President <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Roberto_Flores_Facuss%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Carlos Roberto Flores Facussé">Flores</a>. This ended 42 years of military autonomy; the military had previously been governed by a military parliament and a commander in chief from the armed forces. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Constituent_assembly_controversy">Constituent assembly controversy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitution_of_Honduras&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Constituent assembly controversy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="From_2006_to_28_June_2009">From 2006 to 28 June 2009</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitution_of_Honduras&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: From 2006 to 28 June 2009"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/2009_Honduran_constitutional_crisis#Referendum_on_Constitutional_Assembly" title="2009 Honduran constitutional crisis">2009 Honduran constitutional crisis § Referendum on Constitutional Assembly</a>, and <a href="/wiki/2009_Honduran_constitutional_crisis#Constitutionality_of_Referendum" title="2009 Honduran constitutional crisis">2009 Honduran constitutional crisis § Constitutionality of Referendum</a></div> <p>Starting in 2006<sup id="cite_ref-UCSD_constreform2006_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UCSD_constreform2006-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and leading to the <a href="/wiki/2009_Honduran_constitutional_crisis" title="2009 Honduran constitutional crisis">2009 Honduran constitutional crisis and removal of Zelaya</a>, debate occurred in Honduran society regarding the creation of a <a href="/wiki/Constituent_assembly" title="Constituent assembly">constituent assembly</a> in order to rewrite the constitution, with support from many groups.<sup id="cite_ref-BDangl_cassembly_broadsupport_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BDangl_cassembly_broadsupport-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> President <a href="/wiki/Manuel_Zelaya" title="Manuel Zelaya">Manuel Zelaya</a> played an important role in the debate and was arrested and exiled to <a href="/wiki/Costa_Rica" title="Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a> by military officers on 28 June 2009. Whether or not it is constitutionally valid to hold a constituent assembly was a controversial issue, since <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://todolegal.app/laws/6-constitucion-politica?query=%2F374">Article 374</a> contains <a href="/wiki/Entrenched_clause" title="Entrenched clause">entrenched clauses</a> regarding Article <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://todolegal.app/laws/6-constitucion-politica?query=%2F373">373</a> and Article <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://todolegal.app/laws/6-constitucion-politica?query=%2F374">374</a> itself, and Article 373 as interpreted by Decree 169/1986 defines the method of modifying the constitution: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p><b>Article 373</b>.- The reform of this Constitution may be ordered by the National Congress, in regular sessions, with two-thirds of votes of all of its members. The decree brought to the effect on the article or articles to be reformed, must be ratified by the subsequent regular parliamentary session of an equal number of votes, to enter into force.</p></blockquote><p>A wide range of social organisations and some political parties coordinated together as the <a href="/wiki/National_Resistance_Front_(Honduras)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Resistance Front (Honduras)">Frente Nacional de Resistencia contra el Golpe de Estado en Honduras</a>. In response to an international mediation meeting held in San Jose in Costa Rica in relation to the removal of the President, in which Zelaya would accept to take no actions that could lead towards a constituent assembly, the FNGE declared that it "strongly [supports] the continuation of processes for <a href="/wiki/Participatory_democracy" title="Participatory democracy">participatory democracy</a>, which will eventually lead to the convocation of the National Constituent Assembly and the prior definition of the criteria and requirements for the women and men who will be its members."<sup id="cite_ref-awid_frente_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-awid_frente-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FNGE_SanJose_response_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FNGE_SanJose_response-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 28 August, in response to the nearing date of <a href="/wiki/Honduran_general_election,_2009" class="mw-redirect" title="Honduran general election, 2009">the Honduran general and presidential elections</a> that are planned to be held on 29 November 2009, FNGE declared its concerns regarding the electoral process and again called for a "popular, participatory, inclusive, non-discriminatory and democratic" constituent assembly to be held.<sup id="cite_ref-FNGE_elections_const_assembly_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FNGE_elections_const_assembly-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following the removal of Zelaya, women's groups in Honduras, in particular <a href="/w/index.php?title=Feminists_in_Resistance_(Honduras)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Feminists in Resistance (Honduras) (page does not exist)">Feminists in Resistance</a>, have strongly supported the aim of holding a constituent assembly. Bertha Cáceres of the <a href="/wiki/COPINH" class="mw-redirect" title="COPINH">Civic Council of Popular and Indigenous Organizations of Honduras</a> (COPINH) and the <a href="/wiki/National_Resistance_Front_(Honduras)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Resistance Front (Honduras)">Frente Nacional de Resistencia Contra el Golpe de Estado en Honduras</a> said that a constituent assembly would be important in order to defend <a href="/wiki/Feminism" title="Feminism">women's rights</a>. She stated, "For the first time we would be able to establish a precedent for the emancipation of women, to begin to break these forms of domination. The current constitution never mentions women, not once, so to establish our human rights, our reproductive, sexual, political, social, and economic rights as women would be to really confront this system of domination."<sup id="cite_ref-femresist_caceres_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-femresist_caceres-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 31 August 2009, following the "XVIII National Gathering of Afro-Honduran Youth of the Organization for Ethnic and Community Development (ODECO)," <a href="/wiki/Afro-Latin_American#Honduras" class="mw-redirect" title="Afro-Latin American">Afro-Honduran</a> youth leaders from several dozen different towns and cities made a declaration, of which some of the aims were the "immediate implementation of the right to plebiscite and referendum" and the convocation of a <a href="/wiki/Plebiscite" class="mw-redirect" title="Plebiscite">plebiscite</a> in order to organise a <a href="/wiki/Constituent_assembly" title="Constituent assembly">constituent assembly</a> that would write a new constitution. The youth leaders called for the plebiscite to be held on the "last Sunday of November of 2010" and for "clear guarantees for wider and more representative participation among all sectors of the Honduran people".<sup id="cite_ref-ODECO_const_assembly_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODECO_const_assembly-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Debate_about_the_constitutionality_of_the_2009_presidential_ouster">Debate about the constitutionality of the 2009 presidential ouster</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitution_of_Honduras&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Debate about the constitutionality of the 2009 presidential ouster"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2009_Honduran_constitutional_crisis" title="2009 Honduran constitutional crisis">2009 Honduran constitutional crisis</a></div> <p>The constitutionality of the removal of Zelaya from Honduras on 28 June 2009 was controversial. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Articles_of_the_1982_Constitution">Articles of the 1982 Constitution</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitution_of_Honduras&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Articles of the 1982 Constitution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Several articles of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://todolegal.app/laws/6-constitucion-politica">1982 Constitution</a> that were referred to during the crisis include the following. </p><p><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://todolegal.app/laws/6-constitucion-politica?query=%2F3">Article 3</a> of the Constitution states that nobody has an obligation to obey a government that has taken power through armed force, that acts by such a government are [legally] null, and that people have the right to insurrection in order to defend constitutional government.<sup id="cite_ref-georgetown_const_82-05_generic_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-georgetown_const_82-05_generic-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Constitution forbids handing over or expatriating Hondurans to foreign countries.<sup id="cite_ref-georgetown_const_82-05_art102_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-georgetown_const_82-05_art102-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Ref_2009_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ref_2009-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Ref_2009a_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ref_2009a-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A Honduran citizen who has held the title of Executive can not be President or Vice President of the Republic, and the person that breaks this regulation or proposes its amendment, as well as those who assist him directly or indirectly, will cease immediately to hold their respective offices, and will be disqualified for ten years from holding any public office.<sup id="cite_ref-georgetown_const_82-05_art239_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-georgetown_const_82-05_art239-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Article 373 states, "The reform of the Constitution can be decreed by the National Congress, in ordinary session, by a vote of two thirds the totality of its members, and must specify the article or articles that are to be reformed, and must be ratified by an equal number of votes in the subsequent ordinary legislature."<sup id="cite_ref-georgetown_const_82-05_generic_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-georgetown_const_82-05_generic-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Article 374 states, "It is not possible to reform, in any case, the preceding article, the present article, the constitutional articles referring to the form of government, to the national territory, to the presidential period, the prohibition to serve again as President of the Republic, the citizen who has performed under any title in consequence of which she/he cannot be President of the Republic in the subsequent period."<sup id="cite_ref-georgetown_const_82-05_generic_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-georgetown_const_82-05_generic-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="References_to_the_1982_Constitution">References to the 1982 Constitution</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitution_of_Honduras&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References to the 1982 Constitution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the crisis, President <a href="/wiki/Manuel_Zelaya" title="Manuel Zelaya">Manuel Zelaya</a> was removed from the country by military force on the 28th of June after the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Honduras" title="Supreme Court of Honduras">Supreme Court of Honduras</a> had issued an order (apparently) on June 26 for his detention. The Supreme Court membership had been renewed in January 2009. Afterwards the court published a <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090710220039/http://www.poderjudicial.gob.hn/NR/rdonlyres/87E2BFFC-AF4D-44EA-BFC5-D93730D8D81C/2413/ExpedienteJudicial1.pdf">Special Communication</a> explaining its actions. The validity of the court's ruling has been challenged.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Some have complained that the court is partisan. <a href="/wiki/Larry_Birns" title="Larry Birns">Larry Birns</a>, director of the Washington-based <a href="/wiki/Council_on_Hemispheric_Affairs" title="Council on Hemispheric Affairs">Council on Hemispheric Affairs</a>, has described the Honduran Supreme Court as "one of the most corrupt institutions in Latin America."<sup id="cite_ref-Ref_b_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ref_b-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The national Congress claims to have affirmed the Supreme Court's ruling by a vote of 125 to 3, in a show of hands on the day Zelaya was removed, 28 June 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-Ref_c_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ref_c-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Unification_Party" title="Democratic Unification Party">Unión Democrática</a> members, however, say they were not there, and some <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_of_Honduras" title="Liberal Party of Honduras">Liberal Party</a> members have since said they did not vote for the motion.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2009)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>President Zelaya disputes<sup id="cite_ref-Ref_2009b_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ref_2009b-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> that he was seeking to extend his term in office, arguing that he wanted to conduct a public opinion poll on whether a constitutional convention should be convened to consider various constitutional changes including allowing successive terms in office for the president. </p><p>On the annual <a href="/wiki/Central_American_declarations_of_independence" class="mw-redirect" title="Central American declarations of independence">Central American Independence Day</a>, 15 September 2009, the <a href="/wiki/National_Resistance_Front_(Honduras)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Resistance Front (Honduras)">National Resistance Front Against the Coup d'état in Honduras</a> declared that the National Resistance Front constitutes the organised expression of Hondurans' right under Article 3 of the 1982 Constitution to resist against a government imposed by armed force.<sup id="cite_ref-fnge_article3const1982_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fnge_article3const1982-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Decree_PCM-M-016-2009">Decree PCM-M-016-2009</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitution_of_Honduras&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Decree PCM-M-016-2009"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From 22 September 2009<sup id="cite_ref-oas_PCMM016_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oas_PCMM016-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to 19 October 2009,<sup id="cite_ref-reuters_PCMM016_rescinded_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-reuters_PCMM016_rescinded-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> five constitutional rights were suspended in the Micheletti <i>de facto</i> government's Decree PCM-M-016-2009: personal liberty (Article 69), <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_expression" class="mw-redirect" title="Freedom of expression">freedom of expression</a> (Article 72), <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_movement" title="Freedom of movement">freedom of movement</a> (Article 81), <a href="/wiki/Habeas_corpus" title="Habeas corpus">habeas corpus</a> (Article 84) and <a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_association" title="Freedom of association">freedom of association</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-elpais_PCMM016_what_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-elpais_PCMM016_what-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-narco_PCMM016_details_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-narco_PCMM016_details-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 29 September, one day after the decree was used to shut down the television stations Channel 36 and Radio Globo,<sup id="cite_ref-oas_PCMM016_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oas_PCMM016-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the Office of the Special Rapporteur for Freedom of Expression of the <a href="/wiki/Inter-American_Commission_of_Human_Rights" class="mw-redirect" title="Inter-American Commission of Human Rights">Inter-American Commission of Human Rights</a> (IAHCR) "expressed its most energetic rejection" of PCM-M-016-2009 and asked for the immediate suspension of its enforcement, because according to the IACHR, it "flagrantly [contradicted] the international standards for freedom of expression".<sup id="cite_ref-oas_PCMM016_24-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oas_PCMM016-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitution_of_Honduras&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Honduras" title="Politics of Honduras">Politics of Honduras</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/32px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/48px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/64px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Honduras" title="Portal:Honduras">Honduras portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Balance,_by_David.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Balance%2C_by_David.svg/30px-Balance%2C_by_David.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Balance%2C_by_David.svg/46px-Balance%2C_by_David.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Balance%2C_by_David.svg/61px-Balance%2C_by_David.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="606" data-file-height="558" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Law" title="Portal:Law">Law portal</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitution_of_Honduras&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-const_honduras_1982_original-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-const_honduras_1982_original_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-const_honduras_1982_original_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFAsamblea_Nacional_Constituyente1982" class="citation journal cs1">Asamblea Nacional Constituyente (1982-01-20). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100705043950/http://congreso.gob.hn/constituciones/CONSTITUCION%201982%20DECRETO%20131-82.pdf">"Asamblea Nacional Constituyente - Decreto Numero 131"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>La Gaceta - Diario Oficial de la República de Honduras</i>. <a href="/wiki/Tegucigalpa" title="Tegucigalpa">Tegucigalpa</a>: <a href="/wiki/Honduras" title="Honduras">Republica de Honduras</a>: 24. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://congreso.gob.hn/constituciones/CONSTITUCION%201982%20DECRETO%20131-82.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2010-07-05<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-08-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=La+Gaceta+-+Diario+Oficial+de+la+Rep%C3%BAblica+de+Honduras&rft.atitle=Asamblea+Nacional+Constituyente+-+Decreto+Numero+131&rft.pages=24&rft.date=1982-01-20&rft.au=Asamblea+Nacional+Constituyente&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcongreso.gob.hn%2Fconstituciones%2FCONSTITUCION%25201982%2520DECRETO%2520131-82.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+of+Honduras" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-amendment_dates-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-amendment_dates_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dates of <a href="/wiki/Ratification#Ratification_of_a_constitution" title="Ratification">ratification</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-official_const_honduras-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-official_const_honduras_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-official_const_honduras_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090803061714/http://www.congreso.gob.hn/constitucionVigentes.htm">"Constitución Vigente de Honduras"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Congress_of_Honduras" title="National Congress of Honduras">National Congress of Honduras</a>. 2009-08-01. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://congreso.gob.hn/constitucionVigentes.htm">the original</a> on 2009-08-03<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-08-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Constituci%C3%B3n+Vigente+de+Honduras&rft.pub=National+Congress+of+Honduras&rft.date=2009-08-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcongreso.gob.hn%2FconstitucionVigentes.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+of+Honduras" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-georgetown_const_82-05_generic-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-georgetown_const_82-05_generic_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-georgetown_const_82-05_generic_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-georgetown_const_82-05_generic_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-georgetown_const_82-05_generic_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pdba.georgetown.edu/Constitutions/Honduras/hond05.html"><i>Republic of Honduras: Political Constitution of 1982 through 2005 reforms</i></a> (in Spanish). <a href="/wiki/Georgetown_University" title="Georgetown University">Georgetown University</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Republic+of+Honduras%3A+Political+Constitution+of+1982+through+2005+reforms&rft.pub=Georgetown+University&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpdba.georgetown.edu%2FConstitutions%2FHonduras%2Fhond05.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+of+Honduras" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|work=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nohlen_americaelections-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nohlen_americaelections_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nohlen_americaelections_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNohlen2005" class="citation book cs1">Nohlen, Dieter (2005). <i>Elections in the Americas: A Data Handbook</i>. Oxford University Press. p. 402. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-928357-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-928357-5"><bdi>0-19-928357-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Elections+in+the+Americas%3A+A+Data+Handbook&rft.pages=402&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0-19-928357-5&rft.aulast=Nohlen&rft.aufirst=Dieter&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+of+Honduras" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nation-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nation_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrandin2009" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Greg_Grandin" title="Greg Grandin">Grandin, Greg</a> (2009-10-26). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thenation.com/article/honduran-coup-regime-crisis#">"Honduran Coup Regime in Crisis"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Nation" title="The Nation">The Nation</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-11-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Nation&rft.atitle=Honduran+Coup+Regime+in+Crisis&rft.date=2009-10-26&rft.aulast=Grandin&rft.aufirst=Greg&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thenation.com%2Farticle%2Fhonduran-coup-regime-crisis%23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+of+Honduras" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-const_honduras_13th_amendment-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-const_honduras_13th_amendment_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNational_Congress_of_Honduras1999" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/National_Congress_of_Honduras" title="National Congress of Honduras">National Congress of Honduras</a> (1999-01-29). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://congreso.gob.hn/constituciones/DECRETO%20245-98.pdf">"Decreto No. 245-98"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>La Gaceta - Diario Oficial de la República de Honduras</i>. <a href="/wiki/Tegucigalpa" title="Tegucigalpa">Tegucigalpa</a>: <a href="/wiki/Honduras" title="Honduras">Republica de Honduras</a>: 3. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/5ihx5C7tC?url=http://congreso.gob.hn/constituciones/DECRETO%20245-98.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 2009-08-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-08-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=La+Gaceta+-+Diario+Oficial+de+la+Rep%C3%BAblica+de+Honduras&rft.atitle=Decreto+No.+245-98&rft.pages=3&rft.date=1999-01-29&rft.au=National+Congress+of+Honduras&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcongreso.gob.hn%2Fconstituciones%2FDECRETO%2520245-98.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+of+Honduras" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ref_-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ref_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">University of California at San Diego library, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://libraries.ucsd.edu/locations/sshl/resources/featured-collections/latin-american-elections-statistics/honduras/19982007.html">Latin American elections statistics 1998-2007</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090717061207/http://libraries.ucsd.edu/locations/sshl/resources/featured-collections/latin-american-elections-statistics/honduras/19982007.html">Archived</a> 2009-07-17 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, retrieved 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UCSD_constreform2006-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-UCSD_constreform2006_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Central America report</i>, 4 August 2006, excerpted in University of California at San Diego libraries, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://libraries.ucsd.edu/locations/sshl/resources/featured-collections/latin-american-elections-statistics/honduras/19982007.html">Latin American election statistics</a>, retrieved 2009. 2009-07-26.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BDangl_cassembly_broadsupport-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BDangl_cassembly_broadsupport_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDangl2009" class="citation web cs1">Dangl, Benjamin (2009-09-21). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091012062617/http://upsidedownworld.org/main/content/view/2117/1/">"The Road to Zelaya's Return: Money, Guns and Social Movements in Honduras"</a>. Upside Down World. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://upsidedownworld.org/main/content/view/2117/1/">the original</a> on 2009-10-12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-09-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Road+to+Zelaya%27s+Return%3A+Money%2C+Guns+and+Social+Movements+in+Honduras&rft.pub=Upside+Down+World&rft.date=2009-09-21&rft.aulast=Dangl&rft.aufirst=Benjamin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fupsidedownworld.org%2Fmain%2Fcontent%2Fview%2F2117%2F1%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+of+Honduras" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-awid_frente-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-awid_frente_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090807025216/http://awid.org/eng/Issues-and-Analysis/Issues-and-Analysis/Never-Again-Coups-Against-Democracy">"Never Again: Coups Against Democracy"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Association_for_Women%27s_Rights_in_Development" title="Association for Women's Rights in Development">Association for Women's Rights in Development</a>. 2009-07-10. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.awid.org/eng/Issues-and-Analysis/Issues-and-Analysis/Never-Again-Coups-Against-Democracy">the original</a> on 2009-08-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-08-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Never+Again%3A+Coups+Against+Democracy&rft.pub=Association+for+Women%27s+Rights+in+Development&rft.date=2009-07-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.awid.org%2Feng%2FIssues-and-Analysis%2FIssues-and-Analysis%2FNever-Again-Coups-Against-Democracy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+of+Honduras" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FNGE_SanJose_response-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FNGE_SanJose_response_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrente_Nacional_contra_el_Golpe_de_Estado_en_Honduras2009" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/National_Resistance_Front_(Honduras)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Resistance Front (Honduras)">Frente Nacional contra el Golpe de Estado en Honduras</a> (2009-07-10). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091029173123/http://contraelgolpedeestadohn.blogspot.com/2009/07/posicionamiento-frente-al-encuentro-de.html">"Posicionamiento frente al encuentro de San José, Costa Rica"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://contraelgolpedeestadohn.blogspot.com/2009/07/posicionamiento-frente-al-encuentro-de.html">the original</a> on 2009-10-29<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-08-10</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Posicionamiento+frente+al+encuentro+de+San+Jos%C3%A9%2C+Costa+Rica.&rft.date=2009-07-10&rft.au=Frente+Nacional+contra+el+Golpe+de+Estado+en+Honduras&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcontraelgolpedeestadohn.blogspot.com%2F2009%2F07%2Fposicionamiento-frente-al-encuentro-de.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+of+Honduras" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FNGE_elections_const_assembly-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FNGE_elections_const_assembly_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrente_Nacional_contra_el_Golpe_de_Estado_en_Honduras2009" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/National_Resistance_Front_(Honduras)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Resistance Front (Honduras)">Frente Nacional contra el Golpe de Estado en Honduras</a> (2009-08-28). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090902213607/http://contraelgolpedeestadohn.blogspot.com/2009/08/posicion-del-frente-ante-el-proceso.html">"Posición del Frente, ante el proceso electoral 2009 - Ni Campaña Ni Elecciones Legitimas En El Marco Del Golpe"</a> (in Spanish). <a href="/wiki/National_Resistance_Front_(Honduras)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Resistance Front (Honduras)">National Resistance Front (Honduras)</a>. 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Center for International Policy. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americas.irc-online.org/am/6369">the original</a> on 2009-09-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://narconews.com/Issue59/article3786.html">the original</a> on 2009-09-03<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Rebel Reports. July 1, 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rebelreports.com/post/133319827/why-president-zelayas-actions-in-honduras-were-legal">the original</a> on 2009-07-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.elpais.com/articulo/internacional/Micheletti/ordena/cierre/medios/comunicacion/afines/Zelaya/elpepuint/20090928elpepuint_2/Tes">the original</a> on 2011-05-13<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-10-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=El+Pa%C3%ADs&rft.atitle=Micheletti+ordena+el+cierre+de+los+medios+de+comunicaci%C3%B3n+afines+a+Zelaya&rft.date=2009-09-28&rft.aulast=Ordaz&rft.aufirst=Pablo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.elpais.com%2Farticulo%2Finternacional%2FMicheletti%2Fordena%2Fcierre%2Fmedios%2Fcomunicacion%2Fafines%2FZelaya%2Felpepuint%2F20090928elpepuint_2%2FTes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+of+Honduras" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-narco_PCMM016_details-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-narco_PCMM016_details_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGiordano2009" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Al_Giordano" title="Al Giordano">Giordano, Al</a> (2009-09-27). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091001170207/http://narcosphere.narconews.com/thefield/3465/honduras-coup-leader-micheletti-decrees-45-day-suspension-constitution">"Honduras Coup Leader Micheletti Decrees 45-Day Suspension of Constitution"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Narco_News" title="Narco News">Narco News</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://narcosphere.narconews.com/thefield/3465/honduras-coup-leader-micheletti-decrees-45-day-suspension-constitution">the original</a> on 2009-10-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-10-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Honduras+Coup+Leader+Micheletti+Decrees+45-Day+Suspension+of+Constitution&rft.pub=Narco+News&rft.date=2009-09-27&rft.aulast=Giordano&rft.aufirst=Al&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnarcosphere.narconews.com%2Fthefield%2F3465%2Fhonduras-coup-leader-micheletti-decrees-45-day-suspension-constitution&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AConstitution+of+Honduras" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitution_of_Honduras&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output 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title="Template:Honduras topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Honduras_topics" title="Template talk:Honduras topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Honduras_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Honduras topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Honduras_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Honduras" title="Honduras">Honduras</a> <a href="/wiki/Index_of_Honduras-related_articles" title="Index of Honduras-related articles">articles</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Honduras" title="History of Honduras">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cop%C3%A1n" title="Copán">Pre-Columbian history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_conquest_of_Honduras" title="Spanish conquest of Honduras">Spanish conquest of Honduras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Captaincy_General_of_Guatemala" title="Captaincy General of Guatemala">Captaincy General <span style="font-size:85%;">(Guatemalan)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_America_under_Mexican_rule" title="Central America under Mexican rule">Mexican rule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Republic_of_Central_America" title="Federal Republic of Central America">Federal Republic of Central America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Honduras_(to_1838)" title="History of Honduras (to 1838)">History to 1838</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Honduras_(1838%E2%80%931932)" title="History of Honduras (1838–1932)">1838–1932</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Honduras_(1932%E2%80%931982)" title="History of Honduras (1932–1982)">1932–1982</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Honduras_(1982%E2%80%93present)" title="History of Honduras (1982–present)">since 1982</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_Honduran_constitutional_crisis" title="2009 Honduran constitutional crisis">2009 constitutional crisis</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Honduras" title="Coat of arms of Honduras"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Coat_of_arms_of_Honduras.svg/70px-Coat_of_arms_of_Honduras.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Coat_of_arms_of_Honduras.svg/105px-Coat_of_arms_of_Honduras.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Coat_of_arms_of_Honduras.svg/140px-Coat_of_arms_of_Honduras.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="710" /></a></span> <div style="padding-top:1.0em;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Honduras" title="Flag of Honduras"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/70px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="35" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/105px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/140px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Honduras" title="Geography of Honduras">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Honduras" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities in Honduras">Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ecoregions_in_Honduras" title="List of ecoregions in Honduras">Ecoregions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Fauna_of_Honduras" title="Category:Fauna of Honduras">Fauna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Flora_of_Honduras" title="Category:Flora of Honduras">Flora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Honduras" title="List of islands of Honduras">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mountains_of_Honduras" title="Category:Mountains of Honduras">Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_parks_of_Honduras" title="List of national parks of Honduras">National parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Honduras" title="List of rivers of Honduras">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_volcanoes_in_Honduras" title="List of volcanoes in Honduras">Volcanoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:World_Heritage_Sites_in_Honduras" title="Category:World Heritage Sites in Honduras">World Heritage Sites</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Honduras" title="Politics of Honduras">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Honduras" class="mw-redirect" title="Administrative divisions of Honduras">Administrative divisions</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Honduras" title="Elections in Honduras">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Honduras" title="Foreign relations of Honduras">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Honduras" title="Human rights in Honduras">Human rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Honduras" title="Law enforcement in Honduras">Law enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_of_Honduras" class="mw-redirect" title="Military of Honduras">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Congress_of_Honduras" title="National Congress of Honduras">National Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Honduras" title="List of political parties in Honduras">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Honduras" title="President of Honduras">President</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_Honduras" title="List of presidents of Honduras">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Honduras" title="Supreme Court of Honduras">Supreme Court</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Honduras" title="Economy of Honduras">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Bank_of_Honduras" title="Central Bank of Honduras">Central bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honduran_lempira" title="Honduran lempira">Lempira <span style="font-size:85%;">(currency)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electricity_sector_in_Honduras" title="Electricity sector in Honduras">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Honduras" title="Telecommunications in Honduras">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Honduras" title="Tourism in Honduras">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Honduras" title="Transport in Honduras">Transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Honduras" title="Category:Society of Honduras">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Honduras" title="Crime in Honduras">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Honduras" title="Demographics of Honduras">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Honduras" title="Education in Honduras">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_in_Honduras" title="Health in Honduras">Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Honduras" title="Languages of Honduras">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Honduras" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Honduras">LGBT rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Honduras" title="Religion in Honduras">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_supply_and_sanitation_in_Honduras" title="Water supply and sanitation in Honduras">Water supply and sanitation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Honduras" title="Culture of Honduras">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Anthem_of_Honduras" title="National Anthem of Honduras">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Honduras" title="Coat of arms of Honduras">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honduran_cuisine" title="Honduran cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Honduras" title="Flag of Honduras">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libraries_in_Honduras" title="Libraries in Honduras">Libraries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honduran_literature" title="Honduran literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_media_in_Honduras" title="Mass media in Honduras">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Honduras" title="Music of Honduras">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Honduras" title="Public holidays in Honduras">Public holidays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Honduras" title="Sport in Honduras">Sport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div style="margin-bottom:-0.4em;"><ul><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Honduras" title="Outline of Honduras">Outline</a></span></li><li><span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Honduras-related_articles" title="Index of Honduras-related articles">Index</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Honduras" title="Category:Honduras">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Honduras" title="Portal:Honduras">Portal</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Constitutions_of_states_and_dependencies_in_the_Americas" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Americas_topic" title="Template:Americas topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Americas_topic" title="Template talk:Americas topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Americas_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Americas topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Constitutions_of_states_and_dependencies_in_the_Americas" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Constitutions of states and dependencies in the Americas</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states_in_the_Americas" class="mw-redirect" title="List of sovereign states in the Americas">Sovereign<br />states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda" title="Constitution of Antigua and Barbuda">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Argentina" title="Constitution of Argentina">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitution_of_the_Bahamas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Constitution of the Bahamas (page does not exist)">Bahamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Barbados" title="Constitution of Barbados">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Belize" title="Constitution of Belize">Belize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Bolivia" title="Constitution of Bolivia">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Brazil" title="Constitution of Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Canada" title="Constitution of Canada">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Chile" title="Constitution of Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Colombia" class="mw-redirect" title="Constitution of Colombia">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Costa_Rica" title="Constitution of Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Cuba" title="Constitution of Cuba">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Dominica" class="mw-redirect" title="Constitution of Dominica">Dominica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Dominican_Republic" title="Constitution of the Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Ecuador" class="mw-redirect" title="Constitution of Ecuador">Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_El_Salvador" title="Constitution of El Salvador">El Salvador</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitution_of_Grenada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Constitution of Grenada (page does not exist)">Grenada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Guatemala" title="Constitution of Guatemala">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Guyana" title="Constitution of Guyana">Guyana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Haiti" title="Constitution of Haiti">Haiti</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Honduras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Jamaica" title="Constitution of Jamaica">Jamaica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Mexico" title="Constitution of Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Nicaragua" title="Constitution of Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Panama" title="Constitution of Panama">Panama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Paraguay" title="Constitution of Paraguay">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Peru" title="Constitution of Peru">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis" title="Constitution of Saint Kitts and Nevis">Saint Kitts and Nevis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitution_of_Saint_Lucia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Constitution of Saint Lucia (page does not exist)">Saint Lucia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitution_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Constitution of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (page does not exist)">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Suriname" title="Constitution of Suriname">Suriname</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitution_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Constitution of Trinidad and Tobago (page does not exist)">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_United_States" title="Constitution of the United States">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Uruguay" title="Constitution of Uruguay">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Venezuela" title="Constitution of Venezuela">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependencies</a><br />and <a href="/wiki/Territory" title="Territory">territories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitution_of_Anguilla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Constitution of Anguilla (page does not exist)">Anguilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Aruba" title="Constitution of Aruba">Aruba</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitution_of_Bermuda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Constitution of Bermuda (page does not exist)">Bermuda</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitution_of_Bonaire&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Constitution of Bonaire (page does not exist)">Bonaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_British_Virgin_Islands" title="Constitution of the British Virgin Islands">British Virgin Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Cayman_Islands" title="Constitution of the Cayman Islands">Cayman Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Cura%C3%A7ao" title="Constitution of Curaçao">Curaçao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Falkland_Islands" title="Constitution of the Falkland Islands">Falkland Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitution_of_French_Guiana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Constitution of French Guiana (page does not exist)">French Guiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Greenland" class="mw-redirect" title="Constitution of Greenland">Greenland</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitution_of_Guadeloupe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Constitution of Guadeloupe (page does not exist)">Guadeloupe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitution_of_Martinique&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Constitution of Martinique (page does not exist)">Martinique</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitution_of_Montserrat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Constitution of Montserrat (page does not exist)">Montserrat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Puerto_Rico" title="Constitution of Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitution_of_Saba_(island)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Constitution of Saba (island) (page does not exist)">Saba</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitution_of_Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Constitution of Saint Barthélemy (page does not exist)">Saint Barthélemy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitution_of_the_Collectivity_of_Saint_Martin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Constitution of the Collectivity of Saint Martin (page does not exist)">Saint Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitution_of_Saint_Pierre_and_Miquelon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Constitution of Saint Pierre and Miquelon (page does not exist)">Saint Pierre and Miquelon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitution_of_Sint_Eustatius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Constitution of Sint Eustatius (page does not exist)">Sint Eustatius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Sint_Maarten" title="Constitution of Sint Maarten">Sint Maarten</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitution_of_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Constitution of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (page does not exist)">South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Turks_and_Caicos_Islands" title="Constitution of the Turks and Caicos Islands">Turks and Caicos Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_United_States_Virgin_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Constitution of the United States Virgin Islands">U.S. Virgin Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitution_of_North_America&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Constitution of North America (page does not exist)">North America</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitution_of_Central_America&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Constitution of Central America (page does not exist)">Central America</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constitution_of_the_Caribbean&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Constitution of the Caribbean (page does not exist)">Caribbean</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_South_America" class="mw-redirect" title="Constitution of South America">South 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