CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Solar deity - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"11315bd1-6a2c-44ef-99ea-63dc6f650026","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Solar_deity","wgTitle":"Solar deity","wgCurRevisionId":1258837305,"wgRevisionId":1258837305,"wgArticleId":27560,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Pages using the WikiHiero extension","CS1 maint: location missing publisher","CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)","Articles incorporating a citation from the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia with Wikisource reference","Articles with short description","Short description matches Wikidata","Use dmy dates from April 2020","Articles lacking reliable references from September 2021","All articles lacking reliable references","Articles needing additional references from September 2021", "All articles needing additional references","Articles with multiple maintenance issues","Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images","All articles with unsourced statements","Articles with unsourced statements from October 2021","Articles containing Albanian-language text","Articles with unsourced statements from July 2020","Pages with Old English IPA","Articles with unsourced statements from May 2022","Articles with text in Nahuatl languages","Articles with unsourced statements from January 2021","CS1 Albanian-language sources (sq)","CS1 Italian-language sources (it)","Solar deities","Solar gods","Solar goddesses","Comparative mythology","Mythological archetypes"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Solar_deity","wgRelevantArticleId":27560,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia", "wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":80000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q511056","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={ "ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","ext.wikihiero":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader", "ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.quicksurveys.init","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikihiero%2CwikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Maler_der_Grabkammer_der_Nefertari_001.jpg/1200px-Maler_der_Grabkammer_der_Nefertari_001.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1442"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Maler_der_Grabkammer_der_Nefertari_001.jpg/800px-Maler_der_Grabkammer_der_Nefertari_001.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="961"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Maler_der_Grabkammer_der_Nefertari_001.jpg/640px-Maler_der_Grabkammer_der_Nefertari_001.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="769"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Solar deity - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_deity"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Solar_deity&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_deity"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Solar_deity rootpage-Solar_deity skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Solar+deity" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Solar+deity" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Solar+deity" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Solar+deity" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Overview" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Overview"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Overview</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Overview-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Overview subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Overview-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Solar_myth" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Solar_myth"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Solar myth</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Solar_myth-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Solar_vessels_and_chariots" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Solar_vessels_and_chariots"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Solar vessels and chariots</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Solar_vessels_and_chariots-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Solar_boats" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Solar_boats"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.1</span> <span>Solar boats</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Solar_boats-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Solar_chariots" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Solar_chariots"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.2</span> <span>Solar chariots</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Solar_chariots-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gender" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gender"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Gender</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gender-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Africa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Africa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Africa</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Africa-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Africa subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Africa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ancient_Egypt" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ancient_Egypt"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Ancient Egypt</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ancient_Egypt-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kongo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kongo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Kongo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kongo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Asia_and_Europe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Asia_and_Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Asia and Europe</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Asia_and_Europe-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Asia and Europe subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Asia_and_Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Albanian_paganism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Albanian_paganism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Albanian paganism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Albanian_paganism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Armenian_mythology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Armenian_mythology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Armenian mythology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Armenian_mythology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Baltic_mythology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Baltic_mythology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Baltic mythology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Baltic_mythology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Celtic_mythology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Celtic_mythology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Celtic mythology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Celtic_mythology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chinese_mythology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chinese_mythology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Chinese mythology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chinese_mythology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Germanic_mythology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Germanic_mythology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Germanic mythology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Germanic_mythology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Greco-Roman_world" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Greco-Roman_world"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.7</span> <span>Greco-Roman world</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Greco-Roman_world-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Hellenistic_mythology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hellenistic_mythology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.7.1</span> <span>Hellenistic mythology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hellenistic_mythology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Roman_mythology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Roman_mythology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.7.2</span> <span>Roman mythology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Roman_mythology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_influence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_influence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.7.3</span> <span>Modern influence</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_influence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pre-Islamic_Arabia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pre-Islamic_Arabia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.8</span> <span>Pre-Islamic Arabia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pre-Islamic_Arabia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Yazidism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Yazidism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.9</span> <span>Yazidism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Yazidism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Americas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Americas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Americas</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Americas-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Americas subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Americas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Aztec_mythology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aztec_mythology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Aztec mythology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aztec_mythology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Incan_mythology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Incan_mythology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Incan mythology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Incan_mythology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-World_religions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#World_religions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>World religions</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-World_religions-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle World religions subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-World_religions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Christianity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Christianity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Christianity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Christianity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Christianization_of_Natalis_Invicti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Christianization_of_Natalis_Invicti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.1</span> <span>Christianization of <i>Natalis Invicti</i></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Christianization_of_Natalis_Invicti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Christian_iconography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Christian_iconography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.2</span> <span>Christian iconography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Christian_iconography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hinduism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hinduism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Hinduism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hinduism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Worship_of_Surya" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Worship_of_Surya"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2.1</span> <span>Worship of Surya</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Worship_of_Surya-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-New_religious_movements" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#New_religious_movements"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>New religious movements</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-New_religious_movements-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle New religious movements subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-New_religious_movements-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Theosophy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Theosophy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Theosophy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Theosophy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Thelema" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Thelema"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Thelema</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Thelema-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Footnotes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Footnotes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Footnotes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Footnotes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Works_cited" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Works_cited"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Works cited</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Works_cited-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Solar deity</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 37 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-37" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">37 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%84%D9%87%D8%A9_%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="آلهة شمسية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="آلهة شمسية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dios_solar" title="Dios solar – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Dios solar" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%9C_%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE" title="सुरुज देवता – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="सुरुज देवता" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%A9u_del_Sol" title="Déu del Sol – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Déu del Sol" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slune%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_bo%C5%BEstva" title="Sluneční božstva – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Sluneční božstva" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solgud" title="Solgud – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Solgud" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dios_solar" title="Dios solar – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Dios solar" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suna_dio" title="Suna dio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Suna dio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eguzkiaren_jainko_eta_jainkosak" title="Eguzkiaren jainko eta jainkosak – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Eguzkiaren jainko eta jainkosak" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%AF%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%AF" title="خدای خورشید – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="خدای خورشید" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deus_Sol" title="Deus Sol – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Deus Sol" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%83%9C%EC%96%91%EC%8B%A0" title="태양신 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="태양신" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D6%80%D6%87%D5%A1%D5%BA%D5%A1%D5%B7%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Արևապաշտություն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Արևապաշտություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dewa_matahari" title="Dewa matahari – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Dewa matahari" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culto_del_Sole" title="Culto del Sole – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Culto del Sole" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%9C_%D7%94%D7%A9%D7%9E%D7%A9" title="אל השמש – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אל השמש" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8C%E0%B2%B0_%E0%B2%A6%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%B5%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%86" title="ಸೌರ ದೇವತೆ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಸೌರ ದೇವತೆ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deus_solis" title="Deus solis – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Deus solis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonnegott" title="Sonnegott – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Sonnegott" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saul%C4%97s_dievas" title="Saulės dievas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Saulės dievas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napisten" title="Napisten – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Napisten" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andriamanitra_masoandro" title="Andriamanitra masoandro – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Andriamanitra masoandro" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zonnegod" title="Zonnegod – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Zonnegod" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E9%99%BD%E7%A5%9E" title="太陽神 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="太陽神" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solgud" title="Solgud – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Solgud" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solgud" title="Solgud – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Solgud" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%B3stwa_solarne" title="Bóstwa solarne – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Bóstwa solarne" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deidade_solar" title="Deidade solar – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Deidade solar" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Divinitate_solar%C4%83" title="Divinitate solară – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Divinitate solară" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Солнечное божество – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Солнечное божество" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyjni_diellore" title="Hyjni diellore – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Hyjni diellore" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun_God" title="Sun God – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Sun God" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%AC_%D8%AC%D9%8A_%D9%BE%D9%88%DA%84%D8%A7" title="سج جي پوڄا – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="سج جي پوڄا" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solgud" title="Solgud – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Solgud" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%BCne%C5%9F_tanr%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Güneş tanrısı – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Güneş tanrısı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%8F%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Сонячне божество – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Сонячне божество" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%E1%BA%A7n_M%E1%BA%B7t_Tr%E1%BB%9Di" title="Thần Mặt Trời – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thần Mặt Trời" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q511056#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Solar_deity" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Solar_deity" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Solar_deity"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solar_deity&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solar_deity&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Solar_deity"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solar_deity&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solar_deity&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Solar_deity" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Solar_deity" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solar_deity&oldid=1258837305" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solar_deity&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Solar_deity&id=1258837305&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSolar_deity"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSolar_deity"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Solar_deity&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solar_deity&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Solar_deities" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q511056" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Sky deity who represents the Sun</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Sun God" and "Sun Goddess" redirect here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Sun_God_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Sun God (disambiguation)">Sun God (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1248332772">.mw-parser-output .multiple-issues-text{width:95%;margin:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .multiple-issues-text>.mw-collapsible-content{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox{border:none;border-collapse:collapse;background-color:transparent;margin:0 0 0 1.6em!important;padding:0!important;width:auto;display:block}body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox.mbox-small-left{font-size:100%;width:auto;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-text{padding:0!important;margin:0!important}.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-text-span{display:list-item;line-height:1.5em;list-style-type:disc}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .multiple-issues-text>.mw-collapsible-toggle,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-image,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-imageright,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-empty-cell,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .hide-when-compact{display:none}</style><table class="box-Multiple_issues plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-multiple_issues compact-ambox" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><div class="multiple-issues-text mw-collapsible"><b>This article has multiple issues.</b> Please help <b><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Solar_deity" title="Special:EditPage/Solar deity">improve it</a></b> or discuss these issues on the <b><a href="/wiki/Talk:Solar_deity" title="Talk:Solar deity">talk page</a></b>. <small><i>(<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove these messages</a>)</i></small> <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreliable_sources plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-unreliable_sources" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/40px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/60px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/80px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">Some of this article's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">listed sources</a> <b>may not be <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources">reliable</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help improve this article by looking for better, more reliable sources. Unreliable citations may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Solar_deity" title="Special:EditPage/Solar deity">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Solar+deity%22">"Solar deity"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Solar+deity%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Solar+deity%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Solar+deity%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Solar+deity%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Solar+deity%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2021</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237032888/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:292px;max-width:292px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:137px;max-width:137px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:162px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Maler_der_Grabkammer_der_Nefertari_001.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Maler_der_Grabkammer_der_Nefertari_001.jpg/135px-Maler_der_Grabkammer_der_Nefertari_001.jpg" decoding="async" width="135" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Maler_der_Grabkammer_der_Nefertari_001.jpg/203px-Maler_der_Grabkammer_der_Nefertari_001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Maler_der_Grabkammer_der_Nefertari_001.jpg/270px-Maler_der_Grabkammer_der_Nefertari_001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2024" data-file-height="2432" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:151px;max-width:151px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:162px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mengs,_Helios_als_Personifikation_des_Mittages.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Mengs%2C_Helios_als_Personifikation_des_Mittages.jpg/149px-Mengs%2C_Helios_als_Personifikation_des_Mittages.jpg" decoding="async" width="149" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Mengs%2C_Helios_als_Personifikation_des_Mittages.jpg/224px-Mengs%2C_Helios_als_Personifikation_des_Mittages.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Mengs%2C_Helios_als_Personifikation_des_Mittages.jpg/298px-Mengs%2C_Helios_als_Personifikation_des_Mittages.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2174" data-file-height="2380" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:93px;max-width:93px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:92px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tonatiuh_6_b.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Tonatiuh_6_b.jpg/91px-Tonatiuh_6_b.jpg" decoding="async" width="91" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Tonatiuh_6_b.jpg/137px-Tonatiuh_6_b.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Tonatiuh_6_b.jpg/182px-Tonatiuh_6_b.jpg 2x" data-file-width="594" data-file-height="604" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:195px;max-width:195px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:92px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Origin_of_Iwato_Kagura_Dance_Amaterasu_by_Toyokuni_III_(Kunisada)_1856.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Origin_of_Iwato_Kagura_Dance_Amaterasu_by_Toyokuni_III_%28Kunisada%29_1856.png/193px-Origin_of_Iwato_Kagura_Dance_Amaterasu_by_Toyokuni_III_%28Kunisada%29_1856.png" decoding="async" width="193" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Origin_of_Iwato_Kagura_Dance_Amaterasu_by_Toyokuni_III_%28Kunisada%29_1856.png/290px-Origin_of_Iwato_Kagura_Dance_Amaterasu_by_Toyokuni_III_%28Kunisada%29_1856.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Origin_of_Iwato_Kagura_Dance_Amaterasu_by_Toyokuni_III_%28Kunisada%29_1856.png/386px-Origin_of_Iwato_Kagura_Dance_Amaterasu_by_Toyokuni_III_%28Kunisada%29_1856.png 2x" data-file-width="3300" data-file-height="1574" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">Examples of solar deities from different cultures (from top): <a href="/wiki/Ra" title="Ra">Ra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Helios" title="Helios">Helios</a>, <a href="/wiki/T%C5%8Dnatiuh" title="Tōnatiuh">Tōnatiuh</a> and <a href="/wiki/Amaterasu" title="Amaterasu">Amaterasu</a>.</div></div></div></div> <p>A <b>solar deity</b> or <b>sun deity</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Deity" title="Deity">deity</a> who represents the <a href="/wiki/Sun" title="Sun">Sun</a> or an aspect thereof. Such deities are usually associated with power and strength. Solar deities and Sun worship can be found throughout most of <a href="/wiki/Recorded_history" title="Recorded history">recorded history</a> in various forms. The Sun is sometimes referred to by its <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> name <i>Sol</i> or by its <a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a> name <i><a href="/wiki/Helios" title="Helios">Helios</a></i>. The <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> word <i>sun</i> derives from <a href="/wiki/Proto-Germanic" class="mw-redirect" title="Proto-Germanic">Proto-Germanic</a> *<i>sunnǭ</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Overview">Overview</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solar_deity&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Overview"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:St%C3%A8le_Rocher_des_Doms.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/St%C3%A8le_Rocher_des_Doms.jpg/169px-St%C3%A8le_Rocher_des_Doms.jpg" decoding="async" width="169" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/St%C3%A8le_Rocher_des_Doms.jpg/254px-St%C3%A8le_Rocher_des_Doms.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/St%C3%A8le_Rocher_des_Doms.jpg/338px-St%C3%A8le_Rocher_des_Doms.jpg 2x" data-file-width="681" data-file-height="907" /></a><figcaption>A solar representation on an anthropomorphic stele from Rocher des Doms, France, <a href="/wiki/Chass%C3%A9en_culture" title="Chasséen culture">Chasséen</a> culture, 5th-4th millennia BC.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_Egypt" title="Prehistoric Egypt">Predynasty Egyptian</a> beliefs attribute <a href="/wiki/Atum" title="Atum">Atum</a> as the Sun god and <a href="/wiki/Horus" title="Horus">Horus</a> as a god of the sky and Sun. As the <a href="/wiki/Old_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Kingdom">Old Kingdom</a> <a href="/wiki/Theocracy" title="Theocracy">theocracy</a> gained influence, early beliefs were incorporated into the expanding popularity of <a href="/wiki/Ra" title="Ra">Ra</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Osiris" title="Osiris">Osiris</a>-<a href="/wiki/Horus" title="Horus">Horus</a> mythology. Atum became Ra-Atum, the rays of the setting Sun. Osiris became the divine heir to Atum's power on Earth and passed his divine authority to his son, Horus.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other early Egyptian myths imply that the Sun is incorporated with the lioness <a href="/wiki/Sekhmet" title="Sekhmet">Sekhmet</a> at night and is reflected in her eyes; or that the Sun is found within the cow <a href="/wiki/Hathor" title="Hathor">Hathor</a> during the night and reborn each morning as her son (<i>bull</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia">Mesopotamian</a> <a href="/wiki/Shamash" title="Shamash">Shamash</a> played an important role during the <a href="/wiki/Bronze_Age" title="Bronze Age">Bronze Age</a>, and "my Sun" was eventually used to address royalty. Similarly, South American cultures have a tradition of Sun worship as with the <a href="/wiki/Inca_Empire" title="Inca Empire">Incan</a> <a href="/wiki/Inti" title="Inti">Inti</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Germanic mythology, the solar deity is <i><a href="/wiki/S%C3%B3l_(Sun)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sól (Sun)">Sol</a>;</i> in <a href="/wiki/Vedas" title="Vedas">Vedic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Surya" title="Surya">Surya</a>; and in Greek, Helios (occasionally referred to as <a href="/wiki/Titan_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Titan (mythology)">Titan</a>) and (sometimes) as <a href="/wiki/Apollo" title="Apollo">Apollo</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_mythology" title="Proto-Indo-European mythology">Proto-Indo-European mythology</a> the sun appears to be a multilayered figure manifested as a deity but also perceived as the eye of the sky father <a href="/wiki/Dyeus" class="mw-redirect" title="Dyeus">Dyeus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Solar_myth"><span class="anchor" id="Theory"></span>Solar myth</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solar_deity&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Solar myth"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Solar_myths" title="Solar myths">Solar myths</a></div> <p>Three theories exercised great influence on nineteenth and early twentieth century mythography. The theories were the "solar mythology" of <a href="/wiki/Alvin_Boyd_Kuhn" title="Alvin Boyd Kuhn">Alvin Boyd Kuhn</a> and <a href="/wiki/Max_M%C3%BCller" title="Max Müller">Max Müller</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Tree_worship" class="mw-redirect" title="Tree worship">tree worship</a> of <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Mannhardt" title="Wilhelm Mannhardt">Mannhardt</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Totemism" class="mw-redirect" title="Totemism">totemism</a> of <a href="/wiki/J._F._McLennan" class="mw-redirect" title="J. F. McLennan">J. F. McLennan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-William_Ridgeway_1915_11–19_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-William_Ridgeway_1915_11–19-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Müller's "solar mythology" was born from the study of <a href="/wiki/Indo-European_languages" title="Indo-European languages">Indo-European languages</a>. Of them, Müller believed Archaic <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a> was the closest to the language spoken by the <a href="/wiki/Aryan" title="Aryan">Aryans</a>. Using the Sanskrit names for deities as a base, he applied <a href="/wiki/Grimm%27s_law" title="Grimm's law">Grimm's law</a> to names for similar deities from different Indo-European groups to compare their <a href="/wiki/Etymology" title="Etymology">etymological</a> relationships to one another. In the comparison, Müller saw the similarities between the names and used these etymological similarities to explain the similarities between their roles as deities. Through the study, Müller concluded that the Sun having many different names led to the creation of multiple solar deities and their mythologies that were passed down from one group to another.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/R._F._Littledale" class="mw-redirect" title="R. F. Littledale">R. F. Littledale</a> criticized the Sun myth theory, pointing out that by his own principles, Max Müller was himself only a solar myth. <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Comyn_Lyall" title="Alfred Comyn Lyall">Alfred Lyall</a> delivered another attack on the same theory's assumption that tribal gods and heroes, such as those of <a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homer</a>, were only reflections of the Sun myth by proving that the gods of certain <a href="/wiki/Rajput_clans" title="Rajput clans">Rajput clans</a> were actual warriors who founded the clans a few centuries ago, and were the ancestors of the present chieftains.<sup id="cite_ref-William_Ridgeway_1915_11–19_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-William_Ridgeway_1915_11–19-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Solar_vessels_and_chariots">Solar vessels and chariots</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solar_deity&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Solar vessels and chariots"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Solar_boats"><span class="anchor" id="Vessel"></span> Solar boats</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solar_deity&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Solar boats"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ra_Barque.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Ra_Barque.jpg/220px-Ra_Barque.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="111" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Ra_Barque.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="152" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ra" title="Ra">Ra</a> in his <a href="/wiki/Solar_barque" title="Solar barque">barque</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nebra_disc_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Nebra_disc_1.jpg/220px-Nebra_disc_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Nebra_disc_1.jpg/330px-Nebra_disc_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Nebra_disc_1.jpg/440px-Nebra_disc_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4177" data-file-height="3385" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Nebra_Sky_Disc" class="mw-redirect" title="Nebra Sky Disc">Nebra Sky Disc</a>, <a href="/wiki/Unetice_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Unetice culture">Germany</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1800</span>–1600 BC</figcaption></figure> <p>The Sun was sometimes envisioned as traveling through the sky in a boat. A prominent example is the <a href="/wiki/Solar_barque" title="Solar barque">solar barque</a> used by Ra in <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_mythology" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Egyptian mythology">ancient Egyptian mythology</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Neolithic" title="Neolithic">Neolithic</a> concept of a "solar barge" (also "solar bark", "solar barque", "solar boat" and "sun boat", a mythological representation of the Sun riding in a <a href="/wiki/Boat" title="Boat">boat</a>) is found in the later myths of <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egypt" title="Ancient Egypt">ancient Egypt</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Ra" title="Ra">Ra</a> and <a href="/wiki/Horus" title="Horus">Horus</a>. Several Egyptian kings were buried with <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_royal_ships" title="Ancient Egyptian royal ships">ships</a> that may have been intended to symbolize the solar barque,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including the <a href="/wiki/Khufu_ship" title="Khufu ship">Khufu ship</a> that was buried at the foot of the <a href="/wiki/Great_Pyramid_of_Giza" title="Great Pyramid of Giza">Great Pyramid of Giza</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Heracles_on_the_sea_in_the_bowl_of_Helios.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Heracles_on_the_sea_in_the_bowl_of_Helios.jpg/198px-Heracles_on_the_sea_in_the_bowl_of_Helios.jpg" decoding="async" width="198" height="192" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Heracles_on_the_sea_in_the_bowl_of_Helios.jpg/297px-Heracles_on_the_sea_in_the_bowl_of_Helios.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Heracles_on_the_sea_in_the_bowl_of_Helios.jpg/396px-Heracles_on_the_sea_in_the_bowl_of_Helios.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2782" data-file-height="2694" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Heracles" title="Heracles">Heracles</a> in the golden cup-boat of the sun god <a href="/wiki/Helios" title="Helios">Helios</a>, 480 BC.</figcaption></figure> <p>Solar boats and similar vessels also appear in <a href="/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_mythology" title="Proto-Indo-European mythology">Indo-European</a> mythologies, such as a 'hundred-oared ship' of <a href="/wiki/Surya" title="Surya">Surya</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Rigveda" title="Rigveda">Rig Veda</a>, the golden boat of <a href="/wiki/Saul%C4%97" title="Saulė">Saulė</a> in <a href="/wiki/Baltic_mythology" title="Baltic mythology">Baltic mythology</a>, and the golden bowl of <a href="/wiki/Helios" title="Helios">Helios</a> in <a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">Greek mythology</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Numerous depictions of solar boats are known from the <a href="/wiki/Bronze_Age_Europe" title="Bronze Age Europe">Bronze Age</a> in Europe.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Possible solar boat depictions have also been identified in <a href="/wiki/Neolithic_Europe" title="Neolithic Europe">Neolithic</a> petroglyphs from the <a href="/wiki/Megalith" title="Megalith">Megalithic culture</a> in western Europe,<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in <a href="/wiki/Mesolithic" title="Mesolithic">Mesolithic</a> petroglyphs from northern Europe.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Examples of solar vessels include: </p> <ul><li>Neolithic <a href="/wiki/Petroglyph" title="Petroglyph">petroglyphs</a> which are interpreted as depicting solar barges.</li> <li>The many early Egyptian goddesses that were seen as sun deities, and the later gods <a href="/wiki/Ra" title="Ra">Ra</a> and <a href="/wiki/Horus" title="Horus">Horus</a> were depicted as riding in a <a href="/wiki/Atet" class="mw-redirect" title="Atet">solar barge</a>. In Egyptian myths of the afterlife, Ra rides in an underground channel from west to east every night so that he can rise in the east the next morning.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Nebra_sky_disk" class="mw-redirect" title="Nebra sky disk">Nebra sky disk</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1800</span>–1600 BC, associated with the <a href="/wiki/Unetice_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Unetice culture">Unetice culture</a>, which is thought to show a depiction of a gold solar boat.<sup id="cite_ref-Meller-2021_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Meller-2021-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gold_lunulae" class="mw-redirect" title="Gold lunulae">Gold lunulae</a> associated with the <a href="/wiki/Bell_Beaker_culture#Solar_symbolism" title="Bell Beaker culture">Bell Beaker culture</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 2400</span>–2000 BC, thought to represent solar boats.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordic_Bronze_Age" title="Nordic Bronze Age">Nordic Bronze Age</a> petroglyphs, including those found in <a href="/wiki/Tanumshede" title="Tanumshede">Tanumshede</a>, often contain barges and <a href="/wiki/Sun_cross" title="Sun cross">sun crosses</a> in different constellations. Solar boat imagery also appears on bronze razors from the period.</li> <li>Miniature <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goldboote_vom_Torsh%C3%B8j" class="extiw" title="de:Goldboote vom Torshøj">gold boats from Nors</a> in Denmark, dating from the <a href="/wiki/Nordic_Bronze_Age" title="Nordic Bronze Age">Nordic Bronze Age</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Caergwrle_Bowl" title="Caergwrle Bowl">Caergwrle Bowl</a> from Wales, dating from the <a href="/wiki/Bronze_Age_Britain" title="Bronze Age Britain">British Bronze Age</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1300 BC</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Solar boat motifs depicted on bronze artefacts from the <a href="/wiki/Urnfield_culture" title="Urnfield culture">Urnfield culture</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lusatian_culture" title="Lusatian culture">Lusatian culture</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1300</span>–500 BC.</li> <li>Depictions of solar boats on Iron Age Celtic artefacts, such as the Petrie Crown from Ireland (1st century AD), and ornaments on the <a href="/wiki/Vix_grave" class="mw-redirect" title="Vix grave">Vix grave</a> wagon from France (500 BC).<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Solar_chariots"><span class="anchor" id="Chariot"></span> Solar chariots</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solar_deity&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Solar chariots"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Solar chariot", "Sun chariot", "Sun Chariot", and "Chariot of the Sun" redirect here. For the racehorse, see <a href="/wiki/Sun_Chariot_(horse)" title="Sun Chariot (horse)">Sun Chariot (horse)</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Solvognen-00100.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Solvognen-00100.jpg/220px-Solvognen-00100.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Solvognen-00100.jpg/330px-Solvognen-00100.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Solvognen-00100.jpg/440px-Solvognen-00100.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6088" data-file-height="4550" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Trundholm_sun_chariot" title="Trundholm sun chariot">Trundholm sun chariot</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nordic_Bronze_Age" title="Nordic Bronze Age">Denmark</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1400 BC</span></figcaption></figure> <p>The concept of the "solar chariot" is younger than that of the solar barge and is typically <a href="/wiki/Proto-Indo-Europeans" title="Proto-Indo-Europeans">Indo-European</a>, corresponding with the Indo-European expansion after the invention of the chariot in the 2nd millennium BC. <sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The reconstruction of the <a href="/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_religion" class="mw-redirect" title="Proto-Indo-European religion">Proto-Indo-European religion</a> features a "solar <a href="/wiki/Chariot" title="Chariot">chariot</a>" or "sun chariot" with which the Sun traverses the sky.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_struggle_of_the_nations_-_Egypt,_Syria,_and_Assyria_(1896)_(14774936871).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/The_struggle_of_the_nations_-_Egypt%2C_Syria%2C_and_Assyria_%281896%29_%2814774936871%29.jpg/220px-The_struggle_of_the_nations_-_Egypt%2C_Syria%2C_and_Assyria_%281896%29_%2814774936871%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="91" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/The_struggle_of_the_nations_-_Egypt%2C_Syria%2C_and_Assyria_%281896%29_%2814774936871%29.jpg/330px-The_struggle_of_the_nations_-_Egypt%2C_Syria%2C_and_Assyria_%281896%29_%2814774936871%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/The_struggle_of_the_nations_-_Egypt%2C_Syria%2C_and_Assyria_%281896%29_%2814774936871%29.jpg/440px-The_struggle_of_the_nations_-_Egypt%2C_Syria%2C_and_Assyria_%281896%29_%2814774936871%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1362" data-file-height="564" /></a><figcaption>Gold boat model mounted on chariot wheels, from the tomb of Queen <a href="/wiki/Ahhotep_II" title="Ahhotep II">Ahhotep</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1550 BC</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Chariots were introduced to Egypt in the <a href="/wiki/Second_Intermediate_Period_of_Egypt" title="Second Intermediate Period of Egypt">Hyksos period</a>, and seen as solar vehicles associated with the sun god in the subsequent <a href="/wiki/New_Kingdom_of_Egypt" title="New Kingdom of Egypt">New Kingdom</a> period.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A gold solar boat model from the tomb of <a href="/wiki/Ahhotep_II" title="Ahhotep II">Queen Ahhotep</a>, dating from the beginning of the New Kingdom (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1550 BC</span>), was mounted on four-spoked chariot wheels.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Similarities have been noted with the <a href="/wiki/Trundholm_sun_chariot" title="Trundholm sun chariot">Trundholm Sun Chariot</a> from Denmark, dating from <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1500</span>–1400 BC, which was also mounted on four-spoked wheels.<sup id="cite_ref-Meller-2021_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Meller-2021-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Examples of solar chariots include: </p> <ul><li>In Norse mythology, the chariot of the goddess <a href="/wiki/S%C3%B3l_(Sun)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sól (Sun)">Sól</a>, drawn by <a href="/wiki/Arvak_and_Alsvid" class="mw-redirect" title="Arvak and Alsvid">Arvak and Alsvid</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Trundholm_sun_chariot" title="Trundholm sun chariot">Trundholm sun chariot</a> dates to the <a href="/wiki/Nordic_Bronze_Age" title="Nordic Bronze Age">Nordic Bronze Age</a>, about 2,500 years earlier than written attestations of the Norse myth, but is often associated with it.</li> <li>Greek <a href="/wiki/Helios" title="Helios">Helios</a> (or <a href="/wiki/Apollo" title="Apollo">Apollo</a>) riding in a chariot.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (See also <a href="/wiki/Phaethon" title="Phaethon">Phaëton</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sol_Invictus" title="Sol Invictus">Sol Invictus</a> depicted riding a <i><a href="/wiki/Quadriga" title="Quadriga">quadriga</a></i> on the reverse of a <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome" title="Ancient Rome">Roman</a> <a href="/wiki/Denarius" title="Denarius">coin</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Hindu <a href="/wiki/Surya" title="Surya">Surya</a> riding in a chariot drawn by seven horses.</li></ul> <p>In Chinese culture, the sun chariot is associated with the passage of time. For instance, in the poem <i>Suffering from the Shortness of Days</i>, <a href="/wiki/Li_He" title="Li He">Li He</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Tang_dynasty" title="Tang dynasty">Tang dynasty</a> is hostile towards the legendary <a href="/wiki/Dragon" title="Dragon">dragons</a> that drew the sun chariot as a vehicle for the continuous progress of time.<sup id="cite_ref-bien12-20_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bien12-20-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The following is an excerpt from the poem: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><div class="poem"> <p>I will cut off the dragon's feet, chew the dragon's flesh,<br /> so that they can't turn back in the morning or lie down at night.<br /> Left to themselves the old won't die; the young won't cry.<sup id="cite_ref-bien12-20_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bien12-20-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </div></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gender">Gender</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solar_deity&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Gender"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Origin_of_the_Cave_Door_Dance_(Amaterasu)_by_Shunsai_Toshimasa_1889.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Origin_of_the_Cave_Door_Dance_%28Amaterasu%29_by_Shunsai_Toshimasa_1889.jpg/220px-Origin_of_the_Cave_Door_Dance_%28Amaterasu%29_by_Shunsai_Toshimasa_1889.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="111" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Origin_of_the_Cave_Door_Dance_%28Amaterasu%29_by_Shunsai_Toshimasa_1889.jpg/330px-Origin_of_the_Cave_Door_Dance_%28Amaterasu%29_by_Shunsai_Toshimasa_1889.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Origin_of_the_Cave_Door_Dance_%28Amaterasu%29_by_Shunsai_Toshimasa_1889.jpg/440px-Origin_of_the_Cave_Door_Dance_%28Amaterasu%29_by_Shunsai_Toshimasa_1889.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4827" data-file-height="2437" /></a><figcaption>Goddess <a href="/wiki/Amaterasu" title="Amaterasu">Amaterasu</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Solar deities are often thought of as male (and <a href="/wiki/Lunar_deity" title="Lunar deity">lunar deities</a> as being female) but the opposite has also been the case.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMonaghan2010xix–xxi_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMonaghan2010xix–xxi-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/Germanic_mythology" title="Germanic mythology">Germanic mythology</a>, the Sun is female, and the Moon is male. Other European cultures that have sun goddesses include the <a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_mythology" title="Lithuanian mythology">Lithuanians</a> (<a href="/wiki/Saul%C4%97" title="Saulė">Saulė</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Latvian_mythology" title="Latvian mythology">Latvians</a> (Saule), the <a href="/wiki/Finnish_mythology" title="Finnish mythology">Finns</a> (<a href="/wiki/P%C3%A4iv%C3%A4t%C3%A4r" title="Päivätär">Päivätär</a>, <a href="/wiki/Beiwe" class="mw-redirect" title="Beiwe">Beiwe</a>) and the related <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_mythology" title="Hungarian mythology">Hungarians</a>. Sun goddesses are found around the world in Australia (<a href="/wiki/Bila_(deity)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bila (deity)">Bila</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wala_(deity)" class="mw-redirect" title="Wala (deity)">Wala</a>); in <a href="/wiki/Indian_tribal_religions" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian tribal religions">Indian tribal religions</a> (Bisal-<a href="/wiki/Mariamma" class="mw-redirect" title="Mariamma">Mariamma</a>, <a href="/wiki/Donyi-Polo#Theology_and_cosmology" title="Donyi-Polo">Bomong</a>, <a href="/wiki/Khasi_people#Religion" title="Khasi people">'Ka Sgni</a>) and Sri Lanka (<a href="/wiki/Pattini" title="Pattini">Pattini</a>); among the <a href="/wiki/Hittite_mythology_and_religion" title="Hittite mythology and religion">Hittites</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wurusemu" class="mw-redirect" title="Wurusemu">Wurusemu</a>), Berbers (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tafukt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tafukt (page does not exist)">Tafukt</a>), Egyptians (<a href="/wiki/Hathor" title="Hathor">Hathor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sekhmet" title="Sekhmet">Sekhmet</a>), and <a href="/wiki/Canaanite_religion" title="Canaanite religion">Canaanites</a> (<a href="/wiki/Shapash" class="mw-redirect" title="Shapash">Shapash</a>); in the Canary Islands (<a href="/wiki/Chaxiraxi" title="Chaxiraxi">Chaxiraxi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Magec" title="Magec">Magec</a>); in Native America, among the <a href="/wiki/Cherokee_spiritual_beliefs" title="Cherokee spiritual beliefs">Cherokee</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cherokee_mythology" class="mw-redirect" title="Cherokee mythology">Unelanuhi</a>), Natchez (Oüa Chill/Uwahci∙ł), <a href="/wiki/Inuit_religion" title="Inuit religion">Inuit</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sun_and_Moon_(Inuit_myth)" title="Sun and Moon (Inuit myth)">Siqiniq</a>), and <a href="/wiki/Miwok_mythology" title="Miwok mythology">Miwok</a> (<a href="/wiki/Miwok_mythology" title="Miwok mythology">He'-koo-lās</a>); and in Asia among the <a href="/wiki/Japanese_mythology" title="Japanese mythology">Japanese</a> (<a href="/wiki/Amaterasu" title="Amaterasu">Amaterasu</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMonaghan2010xix–xxi_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMonaghan2010xix–xxi-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Cobra" title="Cobra">cobra</a> (of Pharaoh, son of Ra), the <a href="/wiki/Lion" title="Lion">lioness</a> (daughter of Ra), and the <a href="/wiki/Cow" class="mw-redirect" title="Cow">cow</a> (daughter of Ra), are the dominant symbols of the most ancient Egyptian deities. They were female and carried their relationship to the sun atop their heads, and their cults remained active throughout the history of the culture. Later another sun god (<a href="/wiki/Aten" title="Aten">Aten</a>) was established in the <a href="/wiki/Eighteenth_dynasty_of_Egypt" class="mw-redirect" title="Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt">eighteenth dynasty</a> on top of the other solar deities, before the "aberration" was stamped out and the old pantheon re-established. When male deities became associated with the sun in that culture, they began as the offspring of a mother (except Ra, King of the Gods who gave birth to himself).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Africa">Africa</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solar_deity&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Africa"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ancient_Egypt">Ancient Egypt</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solar_deity&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Ancient Egypt"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sun worship was prevalent in <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_religion" title="Ancient Egyptian religion">ancient Egyptian religion</a>. The earliest deities associated with the Sun are all goddesses: <a href="/wiki/Wadjet" title="Wadjet">Wadjet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sekhmet" title="Sekhmet">Sekhmet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hathor" title="Hathor">Hathor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nut_(goddess)" title="Nut (goddess)">Nut</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bast_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bast (mythology)">Bast</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bat_(goddess)" title="Bat (goddess)">Bat</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Menhit" title="Menhit">Menhit</a>. First Hathor, and then Isis, give birth to and nurse <a href="/wiki/Horus" title="Horus">Horus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ra" title="Ra">Ra</a>, respectively. Hathor the horned-cow is one of the 12 daughters of Ra, gifted with joy and is a wet-nurse to Horus.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ra_Enthroned_in_the_Tomb_of_Roy.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Ra_Enthroned_in_the_Tomb_of_Roy.jpg/220px-Ra_Enthroned_in_the_Tomb_of_Roy.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="242" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Ra_Enthroned_in_the_Tomb_of_Roy.jpg/331px-Ra_Enthroned_in_the_Tomb_of_Roy.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Ra_Enthroned_in_the_Tomb_of_Roy.jpg/441px-Ra_Enthroned_in_the_Tomb_of_Roy.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1646" /></a><figcaption>Ra Enthroned in the Tomb of Roy</figcaption></figure> <p>From at least the <a href="/wiki/Fourth_dynasty_of_Egypt" class="mw-redirect" title="Fourth dynasty of Egypt">4th Dynasty</a> of <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egypt" title="Ancient Egypt">ancient Egypt</a>, the Sun was worshiped as the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_deities" title="Ancient Egyptian deities">deity</a> Ra (pronounced probably as Riya, meaning simply <span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>the sun<span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>), and portrayed as a <a href="/wiki/Falcon" title="Falcon">falcon</a>-headed god surmounted by the solar disk, and surrounded by a serpent. Re supposedly gave warmth to the living body, symbolized as an <a href="/wiki/Ankh" title="Ankh">ankh</a>: a "☥" shaped <a href="/wiki/Amulet" title="Amulet">amulet</a> with a looped upper half. The ankh, it was believed, was surrendered with death, but could be preserved in the corpse with appropriate mummification and <a href="/wiki/Funerary_cult" title="Funerary cult">funerary rites</a>. The supremacy of Re in the Egyptian <a href="/wiki/Pantheon_(religion)" title="Pantheon (religion)">pantheon</a> was at its highest with the <a href="/wiki/Fifth_dynasty_of_Egypt" class="mw-redirect" title="Fifth dynasty of Egypt">Fifth Dynasty</a>, when open-air solar temples became common. </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Kingdom_of_Egypt" title="Middle Kingdom of Egypt">Middle Kingdom of Egypt</a>, Ra lost some of his <a href="/wiki/Greatness" title="Greatness">preeminence</a> to <a href="/wiki/Osiris" title="Osiris">Osiris</a>, lord of the west, and judge of the dead. In the <a href="/wiki/New_Kingdom_of_Egypt" title="New Kingdom of Egypt">New Empire</a> period, the Sun became identified with the <a href="/wiki/Dung_beetle" title="Dung beetle">dung beetle</a>, whose spherical ball of dung was identified with the Sun. In the form of the sun disc <a href="/wiki/Aten" title="Aten">Aten</a>, the Sun had a brief resurgence during the <a href="/wiki/Amarna_Period" title="Amarna Period">Amarna Period</a> when it again became the preeminent, if not only, divinity for the <a href="/wiki/Pharaoh" title="Pharaoh">pharaoh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Akhenaton" class="mw-redirect" title="Akhenaton">Akhenaton</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Sun's movement across the sky represents a struggle between the pharaoh's soul and an avatar of Osiris. Ra travels across the sky in his solar-boat; at dawn he drives away the god of chaos, <a href="/wiki/Apep" title="Apep">Apep</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The "solarisation" of several local gods (Hnum-Re, Min-Re, Amon-Re) reached its peak in the period of the Fifth Dynasty.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table style="font-size: 88%; border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid blue; margin: 0.5em 1em; text-align: center; clear: right; float: right; margin-right: 0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding:0.75em; background-color: var(--background-color-base); color:var( --color-base ); text-align: center"><table class="mw-hiero-table mw-hiero-outer" dir="ltr"><tbody><tr><td> <table class="mw-hiero-table"><tbody><tr> <td><img class="skin-invert" style="margin: 1px;" src="/w/extensions/wikihiero/img/hiero_N27.png?fee08" height="22" title="N27" alt="N27" /></td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="background: navajowhite; color:black; border-bottom: 1px solid peru; padding: 0.5em">Akhet (horizon)<br />in <a href="/wiki/Egyptian_hieroglyphs" title="Egyptian hieroglyphs">hieroglyphs</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Aker_or_ruti_and_the_akhet.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Aker_or_ruti_and_the_akhet.jpg/221px-Aker_or_ruti_and_the_akhet.jpg" decoding="async" width="221" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Aker_or_ruti_and_the_akhet.jpg/332px-Aker_or_ruti_and_the_akhet.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fc/Aker_or_ruti_and_the_akhet.jpg 2x" data-file-width="356" data-file-height="208" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Aker_(deity)" title="Aker (deity)">Aker</a> guarding the horizon</figcaption></figure> <p>Rituals to the god Amun, who became identified with the sun god Ra, were often carried out on the top of temple <a href="/wiki/Pylon_(architecture)" title="Pylon (architecture)">pylons</a>. A pylon mirrored the <a href="/wiki/Hieroglyph" class="mw-redirect" title="Hieroglyph">hieroglyph</a> for 'horizon' or <i><a href="/wiki/Akhet_(hieroglyph_and_season)" class="mw-redirect" title="Akhet (hieroglyph and season)">akhet</a></i>, which was a depiction of two hills "between which the sun rose and set",<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> associated with recreation and rebirth. On the first pylon of the temple of Isis at <a href="/wiki/Philae" class="mw-redirect" title="Philae">Philae</a>, the pharaoh is shown slaying his enemies in the presence of Isis, Horus, and Hathor.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/Eighteenth_dynasty_of_Egypt" class="mw-redirect" title="Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt">Eighteenth Dynasty</a>, the earliest-known monotheistic head of state, <a href="/wiki/Akhenaten" title="Akhenaten">Akhenaten</a>, changed the polytheistic religion of Egypt to a monotheistic one, Atenism. All other deities were replaced by the Aten, including <a href="/wiki/Amun-Ra" class="mw-redirect" title="Amun-Ra">Amun-Ra</a>, the reigning sun god of Akhenaten's own region. Unlike other deities, Aten did not have multiple forms. His only image was a disk—a symbol of the Sun.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Soon after Akhenaten's death, worship of the traditional deities was reestablished by the religious leaders (Ay the High-Priest of Amen-Ra, mentor of Tutankhaten/Tutankhamen) who had adopted the Aten during the reign of Akhenaten.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kongo">Kongo</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solar_deity&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Kongo"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kongo_Cosmogram_3.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Kongo_Cosmogram_3.png/220px-Kongo_Cosmogram_3.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="183" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Kongo_Cosmogram_3.png/330px-Kongo_Cosmogram_3.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Kongo_Cosmogram_3.png/440px-Kongo_Cosmogram_3.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Kongo_cosmogram" title="Kongo cosmogram">Kongo Cosmogram</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Kongo_people" title="Kongo people">Kongo religion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nzambi_a_Mpungu" title="Nzambi a Mpungu">Nzambi Mpungu</a> is the Sky Father and god of the Sun, while that his female counterpart, <a href="/wiki/Nzambici" title="Nzambici">Nzambici</a>, is Sky Mother and the god of the Moon and Earth.<sup id="cite_ref-Asante-2009_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Asante-2009-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Sun is very significant to <a href="/wiki/Kongo_people" title="Kongo people">Bakongo people</a>, who believe that the position of the sun marks the different seasons of a Kongo person's life as they transition between the four moments of life: conception (<i>musoni</i>), birth (<i>kala</i>), maturity (<i>tukula</i>), and death (<i>luvemba</i>). The <a href="/wiki/Kongo_cosmogram" title="Kongo cosmogram">Kongo cosmogram</a>, a sacred symbol in Bakongo culture, depicts these moments of the sun.<sup id="cite_ref-Asante-2009_45-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Asante-2009-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Asia_and_Europe">Asia and Europe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solar_deity&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Asia and Europe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Albanian_paganism">Albanian paganism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solar_deity&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Albanian paganism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Dielli_(Albanian_paganism)" title="Dielli (Albanian paganism)">Dielli (Albanian paganism)</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Albanian_tattoo_patterns_%E2%80%93_Sun_and_Fire_symbols.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Albanian_tattoo_patterns_%E2%80%93_Sun_and_Fire_symbols.png/250px-Albanian_tattoo_patterns_%E2%80%93_Sun_and_Fire_symbols.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Albanian_tattoo_patterns_%E2%80%93_Sun_and_Fire_symbols.png/375px-Albanian_tattoo_patterns_%E2%80%93_Sun_and_Fire_symbols.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Albanian_tattoo_patterns_%E2%80%93_Sun_and_Fire_symbols.png/500px-Albanian_tattoo_patterns_%E2%80%93_Sun_and_Fire_symbols.png 2x" data-file-width="1300" data-file-height="870" /></a><figcaption>Sun (<a href="/wiki/Dielli_(Albanian_paganism)" title="Dielli (Albanian paganism)">Dielli</a>) and Fire (<a href="/wiki/Zjarri_(Albanian_paganism)" class="mw-redirect" title="Zjarri (Albanian paganism)">Zjarri</a>) symbols in <a href="/wiki/Albanian_traditional_tattoo" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanian traditional tattoo">Albanian traditional tattoo</a> patterns (19th century).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMurray-Aynsley189129,_31_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurray-Aynsley189129,_31-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The cross (also <a href="/wiki/Swastika" title="Swastika">swastika</a> in some tattoos) is the Albanian traditional way to represent the deified Fire – Zjarri, evidently also called with the theonym <a href="/wiki/Enji_(deity)" title="Enji (deity)">Enji</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Albanian_traditional_carving_patterns.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Albanian_traditional_carving_patterns.png/250px-Albanian_traditional_carving_patterns.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Albanian_traditional_carving_patterns.png/375px-Albanian_traditional_carving_patterns.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Albanian_traditional_carving_patterns.png/500px-Albanian_traditional_carving_patterns.png 2x" data-file-width="1400" data-file-height="850" /></a><figcaption>Albanian traditional carving patterns on chairs and graves, drawn by <a href="/wiki/Edith_Durham" title="Edith Durham">Edith Durham</a> before 1928. They are representations of the Sun (<a href="/wiki/Dielli_(Albanian_paganism)" title="Dielli (Albanian paganism)">Dielli</a>) and the Moon (<a href="/wiki/Hana_(Albanian_paganism)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hana (Albanian paganism)">Hana</a>), sometimes also rayed, symbolizing their light, which is favored within the <a href="/wiki/Albanian_paganism#Dualistic_struggle_–_cosmic_renewal" title="Albanian paganism">dualistic struggle between light and darkness</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The Sun (<a href="/wiki/Albanian_language" title="Albanian language">Albanian</a>: <i lang="sq"><a href="/wiki/Dielli_(Albanian_paganism)" title="Dielli (Albanian paganism)">Diell-i</a></i>) holds the primary role in <a href="/wiki/Albanian_paganism" title="Albanian paganism">Albanian pagan</a> customs, beliefs, rituals, myths, and legends. Albanian major traditional festivities and calendar rites are based on the Sun, worshiped as the god of <a href="/wiki/Light" title="Light">light</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sky" title="Sky">sky</a> and <a href="/wiki/Weather" title="Weather">weather</a>, giver of life, health and energy, and all-seeing eye.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Albanian tradition the <a href="/wiki/Fire" title="Fire">fire</a> – <i><a href="/wiki/Zjarri_(Albanian_paganism)" class="mw-redirect" title="Zjarri (Albanian paganism)">zjarri</a></i>, evidently also called with the theonym <a href="/wiki/Enji_(deity)" title="Enji (deity)">Enji</a> – worship and rituals are particularly related to the cult of the Sun. Ritual calendar fires or bonfires are traditionally kindled before sunrise in order to give strength to the Sun and to <a href="/wiki/Apotropaic" class="mw-redirect" title="Apotropaic">ward off evil</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many rituals are practiced before and during <a href="/wiki/Sunrise" title="Sunrise">sunrise</a>, honoring this moment of the day as it is believed to give energy and health to the body.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGjoni201286–87_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGjoni201286–87-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As the wide set of cultic traditions dedicated to him indicates, the Albanian Sun-god appears to be an expression of the <a href="/wiki/Proto-Indo-European_mythology" title="Proto-Indo-European mythology">Proto-Indo-European</a> Sky-god (<a href="/wiki/Zojz_(deity)" title="Zojz (deity)">Zot or Zojz</a> in Albanian).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETreimer197131_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETreimer197131-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Albanians" title="Albanians">Albanians</a> were firstly described in written sources as worshippers of the Sun and the Moon by German humanist <a href="/wiki/Sebastian_Franck" title="Sebastian Franck">Sebastian Franck</a> in 1534,<sup id="cite_ref-Elsie-Franck_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Elsie-Franck-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but the Sun and the Moon have been preserved as sacred elements of Albanian tradition since antiquity. <a href="/wiki/Illyrians" title="Illyrians">Illyrian</a> <a href="/wiki/Material_culture" title="Material culture">material culture</a> shows that the Sun was the chief cult object of the <a href="/wiki/Illyrian_religion" title="Illyrian religion">Illyrian religion</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Finding correspondences with Albanian folk beliefs and practices, the Illyrian Sun-deity is figuratively represented on Iron Age plaques from <a href="/wiki/Lake_Shkodra" class="mw-redirect" title="Lake Shkodra">Lake Shkodra</a> as the god of the <a href="/wiki/Sky" title="Sky">sky</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lightning" title="Lightning">lightning</a>, also associated with the <a href="/wiki/Fire" title="Fire">fire</a> altar where he throws lightning bolts.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrahaj200716–18_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrahaj200716–18-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The symbolization of the cult of the Sun, which is often combined with the <a href="/wiki/Lunar_phase" title="Lunar phase">crescent</a> <a href="/wiki/Moon" title="Moon">Moon</a>, is commonly found in a variety of contexts of Albanian folk art, including <a href="/wiki/Albanian_traditional_tattooing" title="Albanian traditional tattooing">traditional tattooing</a>, grave art, jewellery, embroidery, and house carvings.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Solemn oaths (<a href="/wiki/Besa_(Albanian_culture)" title="Besa (Albanian culture)">Besa</a>), good omens, and curse formulas, involve and are addressed to, or taken by, the Sun.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Prayers to the Sun, ritual <a href="/wiki/Bonfires" class="mw-redirect" title="Bonfires">bonfires</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Animal_sacrifices" class="mw-redirect" title="Animal sacrifices">animal sacrifices</a> have been common practices performed by Albanians during the ritual pilgrimages on mountain tops.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Albanian pagan beliefs and mythology the Sun is a personified male deity, and the Moon (<span title="Albanian-language text"><i lang="sq">Hëna</i></span>) is his female counterpart.<sup id="cite_ref-Tirta_2004_72,_128_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tirta_2004_72,_128-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Dushi_2020_21_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dushi_2020_21-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In pagan beliefs the fire hearth (<span title="Albanian-language text"><i lang="sq"><a href="/wiki/Vat%C3%ABr" title="Vatër">vatra</a> e zjarrit</i></span>) is the symbol of <a href="/wiki/Fire" title="Fire">fire</a> as the offspring of the Sun.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGjoni201290_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGjoni201290-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In some folk tales, myths and legends the Sun and the Moon are regarded as husband and wife, also appearing as the parents of <a href="/wiki/E_Bija_e_H%C3%ABn%C3%ABs_dhe_e_Diellit" title="E Bija e Hënës dhe e Diellit">E Bija e Hënës dhe e Diellit</a> ("the Daughter of the Moon and the Sun"); in others the Sun and the Moon are regarded as brother and sister, but in this case they are never considered consorts.<sup id="cite_ref-Tirta_2004_72,_128_59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tirta_2004_72,_128-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Dushi_2020_21_60-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dushi_2020_21-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/N%C3%ABna_e_Diellit" title="Nëna e Diellit">Nëna e Diellit</a> ("the Mother of the Sun" or "the Sun's Mother") also appears as a personified deity in Albanian folk beliefs and tales.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Albanian beliefs, myths and legends are organized around the <a href="/wiki/Albanian_paganism#Dualistic_struggle_–_cosmic_renewal" title="Albanian paganism">dualistic struggle</a> between <a href="/wiki/Good_and_evil" title="Good and evil">good and evil</a>, <a href="/wiki/Light" title="Light">light</a> and <a href="/wiki/Darkness" title="Darkness">darkness</a>, which cyclically produces the <a href="/wiki/Cosmos" title="Cosmos">cosmic</a> renewal.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The most famous representation of it is the constant battle between <a href="/wiki/Drangue" title="Drangue">drangue</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kulshedra" title="Kulshedra">kulshedra</a>, which is seen as a mythological extension of the cult of the Sun and the Moon, widely observed in Albanian traditional art.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Albanian traditions, kulshedra is also fought by the Daughter of the Moon and the Sun, who uses her light power against pride and evil,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShuteriqi195966_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShuteriqi195966-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or by other heroic characters marked in their bodies by the symbols of celestial objects,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETirta200472,_127–128_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETirta200472,_127–128-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> such as <a href="/wiki/The_Twins_(Albanian_tale)" title="The Twins (Albanian tale)">Zjermi</a> (lit. "the Fire"), who notably is born with the Sun on his forehead.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchirò1923411–439_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchirò1923411–439-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Armenian_mythology">Armenian mythology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solar_deity&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Armenian mythology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Armenian_mythology" title="Armenian mythology">Armenian mythology</a> and in the vicinity of <a href="/wiki/Carahunge" title="Carahunge">Carahunge</a>, the ancient site of interest in the field of <a href="/wiki/Archaeoastronomy" title="Archaeoastronomy">archaeoastronomy</a>, people worshiped a powerful deity or intelligence called Ara, embodied as the sun (Ar<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or Arev). The ancient Armenians called themselves "children of the sun".<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (Russian and Armenian archaeoastronomers have suggested that at Carahunge seventeen of the stones still standing were associated with observations of sunrise or sunset at the solstices and equinoxes.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Baltic_mythology">Baltic mythology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solar_deity&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Baltic mythology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Those who practice <a href="/wiki/Dievtur%C4%ABba" title="Dievturība">Dievturība</a>, beliefs of traditional <a href="/wiki/Latvian_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Latvian culture">Latvian culture</a>, worship the Sun <a href="/wiki/Goddess" title="Goddess">goddess</a> <a href="/wiki/Saul%C4%97" title="Saulė">Saule</a>, known in traditional <a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_mythology" title="Lithuanian mythology">Lithuanian</a> beliefs as Saulė. Saule is among the most important <a href="/wiki/Deities" class="mw-redirect" title="Deities">deities</a> in <a href="/wiki/Baltic_mythology" title="Baltic mythology">Baltic mythology</a> and traditions.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Celtic_mythology">Celtic mythology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solar_deity&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Celtic mythology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The sun in <a href="/wiki/Insular_Celts" title="Insular Celts">Insular Celtic culture</a> is assumed to have been feminine,<sup id="cite_ref-monaghan433_72-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-monaghan433-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and several goddesses have been proposed as possibly solar in character.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/Continental_Celts" class="mw-redirect" title="Continental Celts">Continental Celtic culture</a>, the sun gods, like <a href="/wiki/Belenus" title="Belenus">Belenus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grannus" title="Grannus">Grannus</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Lugus" title="Lugus">Lugus</a>, were masculine.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Irish_language" title="Irish language">Irish</a>, the name of the Sun, <i><a href="/wiki/Grian" title="Grian">Grian</a></i>, is feminine. The figure known as <a href="/wiki/%C3%81ine" title="Áine">Áine</a> is generally assumed to have been either synonymous with her, or her sister, assuming the role of Summer Sun while Grian was the Winter Sun.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMacKillop199810,_70,_92_77-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMacKillop199810,_70,_92-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Similarly, <a href="/wiki/%C3%89ta%C3%ADn" title="Étaín">Étaín</a> has at times been considered to be another <a href="/wiki/Theonym" title="Theonym">theonym</a> associated with the Sun; if this is the case, then the pan-Celtic <a href="/wiki/Epona" title="Epona">Epona</a> might also have been originally solar in nature.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMacKillop199810,_70,_92_77-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMacKillop199810,_70,_92-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The British <a href="/wiki/Sulis" title="Sulis">Sulis</a> has a name cognate with that of other Indo-European solar deities such as the Greek <a href="/wiki/Helios" title="Helios">Helios</a> and Indic <a href="/wiki/Surya" title="Surya">Surya</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and bears some solar traits like the association with the eye as well as epithets associated with light. The theonym <a href="/wiki/Sulevia" class="mw-redirect" title="Sulevia">Sulevia</a>, which is more widespread and probably unrelated to Sulis,<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is sometimes taken to have suggested a pan-Celtic role as a solar goddess.<sup id="cite_ref-monaghan433_72-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-monaghan433-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Welsh_mythology" title="Welsh mythology">Welsh</a> <a href="/wiki/Olwen" title="Olwen">Olwen</a> has at times been considered a vestige of the local sun goddess, in part due to the possible etymological association<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with the wheel and the colors gold, white and red.<sup id="cite_ref-monaghan433_72-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-monaghan433-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Brighid" class="mw-redirect" title="Brighid">Brighid</a> has at times been argued as having had a solar nature, fitting her role as a goddess of fire and light.<sup id="cite_ref-monaghan433_72-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-monaghan433-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chinese_mythology">Chinese mythology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solar_deity&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Chinese mythology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%E8%BD%AC%E5%8A%A8%E7%9A%84%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E7%A5%9E%E9%B8%9F%E9%87%91%E9%A5%B0_Spinning_Golden_Sun_Bird.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/%E8%BD%AC%E5%8A%A8%E7%9A%84%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E7%A5%9E%E9%B8%9F%E9%87%91%E9%A5%B0_Spinning_Golden_Sun_Bird.gif/220px-%E8%BD%AC%E5%8A%A8%E7%9A%84%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E7%A5%9E%E9%B8%9F%E9%87%91%E9%A5%B0_Spinning_Golden_Sun_Bird.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f0/%E8%BD%AC%E5%8A%A8%E7%9A%84%E5%A4%AA%E9%98%B3%E7%A5%9E%E9%B8%9F%E9%87%91%E9%A5%B0_Spinning_Golden_Sun_Bird.gif 1.5x" data-file-width="322" data-file-height="321" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Golden_Sun_Bird" title="Golden Sun Bird">Sun and Immortal Birds Gold Ornament</a> by <a href="/wiki/Shu_(state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Shu (state)">ancient Shu</a> people. The center is a sun pattern with twelve points around which four <a href="/wiki/Three-legged_crow" title="Three-legged crow">birds</a> fly in the same counterclockwise direction, <a href="/wiki/Shang_dynasty" title="Shang dynasty">Shang dynasty</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Xi_He.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Xi_He.JPG/220px-Xi_He.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Xi_He.JPG/330px-Xi_He.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Xi_He.JPG/440px-Xi_He.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>Statue of the sun goddess <a href="/wiki/Xihe_(deity)" title="Xihe (deity)">Xihe</a> charioteering the sun, being pulled by a <a href="/wiki/Chinese_dragon" title="Chinese dragon">dragon</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Hangzhou" title="Hangzhou">Hangzhou</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Chinese_mythology" title="Chinese mythology">Chinese mythology</a> (cosmology), there were originally ten suns in the sky, who were all brothers. They were supposed to emerge one at a time as commanded by the Jade Emperor. They were all very young and loved to fool around. Once they decided to all go into the sky to play, all at once. This made the world too hot for anything to grow. A hero named <a href="/wiki/Hou_Yi" title="Hou Yi">Hou Yi</a>, honored to this day, shot down nine of them with a bow and arrow to save the people of the Earth.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In another myth, a <a href="/wiki/Solar_eclipse" title="Solar eclipse">solar eclipse</a> was said to be caused by a magical dog or dragon biting off a piece of the Sun. The referenced event is said to have occurred around 2136 BC; two royal astronomers, Ho and Hi, were executed for failing to predict the eclipse. There was a tradition in China to make lots of loud celebratory sounds during a solar eclipse to scare the sacred beast away.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Deity of the Sun in Chinese mythology is Ri Gong Tai Yang Xing Jun (Tai Yang Gong/Grandfather Sun) or Star Lord of the Solar Palace, Lord of the Sun. In some mythologies, Tai Yang Xing Jun is believed to be Hou Yi.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Tai Yang Xing Jun is usually depicted with the Star Lord of the Lunar Palace, Lord of the Moon, Yue Gong Tai Yin Xing Jun (Tai Yin Niang Niang/Lady Tai Yin). Worship of the <a href="/wiki/Moon_goddess" class="mw-redirect" title="Moon goddess">moon goddess</a> <a href="/wiki/Chang%27e" title="Chang'e">Chang'e</a> and her festivals are very popular among followers of <a href="/wiki/Chinese_folk_religion" title="Chinese folk religion">Chinese folk religion</a> and <a href="/wiki/Taoism" title="Taoism">Taoism</a>. The goddess and her holy days are ingrained in <a href="/wiki/Chinese_popular_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese popular culture">Chinese popular culture</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Germanic_mythology">Germanic mythology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solar_deity&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Germanic mythology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Germanic_mythology" title="Germanic mythology">Germanic mythology</a>, the sun is personified by <a href="/wiki/S%C3%B3l_(Sun)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sól (Sun)">Sol</a>. The corresponding Old English name is Siȝel <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="ang-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Old_English" title="Help:IPA/Old English">[ˈsijel]</a></span>, continuing Proto-Germanic *Sôwilô or *Saewelô. The <a href="/wiki/Old_High_German" title="Old High German">Old High German</a> Sun goddess is <a href="/wiki/S%C3%B3l_(sun)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sól (sun)">Sunna</a>. In the Norse traditions, Sól rode through the sky on her chariot every day, pulled by two horses named Arvak and Alsvid. Sól also was called Sunna and Frau Sunne.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>First century historian <a href="/wiki/Tacitus" title="Tacitus">Tacitus</a>, in his book <i><a href="/wiki/Germania_(Tacitus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Germania (Tacitus)">Germania</a></i>, mentioned that "beyond the <a href="/wiki/Suiones" class="mw-redirect" title="Suiones">Suiones</a> [tribe]" a sea was located where the sun maintained its brilliance from its rising to its sunset, and that "[the] popular belief" was that "the sound of its emergence was audible" and "the form of its horses visible".<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Greco-Roman_world">Greco-Roman world</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solar_deity&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Greco-Roman world"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Helios" title="Helios">Helios</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sol_(Roman_mythology)" title="Sol (Roman mythology)">Sol (Roman mythology)</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Hellenistic_mythology">Hellenistic mythology</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solar_deity&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Hellenistic mythology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">Greek mythology</a>, <a href="/wiki/Helios" title="Helios">Helios</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Titans" title="Titans">Titan</a>, was the personification of the <a href="/wiki/Sun" title="Sun">Sun</a>; however, with the notable exception of the island of <a href="/wiki/Rhodes" title="Rhodes">Rhodes</a> and nearby parts of southwestern <a href="/wiki/Anatolia" title="Anatolia">Anatolia</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> he was a relatively minor deity. The <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greeks" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Greeks">Ancient Greeks</a> also associated the Sun with <a href="/wiki/Apollo" title="Apollo">Apollo</a>, the god of enlightenment. Apollo (along with Helios) was sometimes depicted as driving a fiery chariot.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Greek astronomer <a href="/wiki/Thales_of_Miletus" title="Thales of Miletus">Thales of Miletus</a> described the scientific properties of the Sun and Moon, making their godship unnecessary.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith1952[httpsarchiveorgdetailsmanhisgods00smitpage143_143]_90-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith1952[httpsarchiveorgdetailsmanhisgods00smitpage143_143]-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Anaxagoras" title="Anaxagoras">Anaxagoras</a> was arrested in 434 BC and banished from Athens for denying the existence of a solar or lunar deity.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith1952[httpsarchiveorgdetailsmanhisgods00smitpage145_145]_91-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith1952[httpsarchiveorgdetailsmanhisgods00smitpage145_145]-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Electra" title="Electra">The titular character</a> of <a href="/wiki/Sophocles" title="Sophocles">Sophocles</a>' <i><a href="/wiki/Electra_(Sophocles_play)" title="Electra (Sophocles play)">Electra</a></i> refers to the Sun as "All-seeing". <a href="/wiki/Hermeticism" title="Hermeticism">Hermetic</a> author <a href="/wiki/Hermes_Trismegistus" title="Hermes Trismegistus">Hermes Trismegistus</a> calls the Sun "God Visible".<sup id="cite_ref-Gillispie-1960_92-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gillispie-1960-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Minotaur" title="Minotaur">Minotaur</a> has been interpreted as a solar deity (as <a href="/wiki/Moloch" title="Moloch">Moloch</a> or <a href="/wiki/Chronos" title="Chronos">Chronos</a>),<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith1952[httpsarchiveorgdetailsmanhisgods00smitpage137_137]_93-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith1952[httpsarchiveorgdetailsmanhisgods00smitpage137_137]-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including by <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Bernard_Cook" title="Arthur Bernard Cook">Arthur Bernard Cook</a>, who considers both <a href="/wiki/Minos" title="Minos">Minos</a> and Minotaur as aspects of the sun god of the <a href="/wiki/Cretans" class="mw-redirect" title="Cretans">Cretans</a>, who depicted the sun as a bull.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Roman_mythology">Roman mythology</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solar_deity&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Roman mythology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>During the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman Empire</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Roman_festival" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman festival">festival</a> of the birth of the <i><a href="/wiki/Sol_Invictus" title="Sol Invictus">Unconquered Sun</a></i> (or <i>Dies Natalis Solis Invicti</i>) was celebrated on the <a href="/wiki/Winter_solstice" title="Winter solstice">winter solstice</a>—the "rebirth" of the Sun—which occurred on 25 December of the <a href="/wiki/Julian_calendar" title="Julian calendar">Julian calendar</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Late_antiquity" title="Late antiquity">late antiquity</a>, the theological centrality of the Sun in some Imperial religious systems suggests a form of a "solar <a href="/wiki/Monotheism" title="Monotheism">monotheism</a>". The religious commemorations on 25 December were replaced under Christian domination of the Empire with the birthday of Christ.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Much more ancient was the cult of <a href="/wiki/Sol_Indiges" class="mw-redirect" title="Sol Indiges">Sol Indiges</a>, supposed to have been introduced among Roman deities by the <a href="/wiki/Sabines" title="Sabines">Sabines</a> at the times of <a href="/wiki/Titus_Tatius" title="Titus Tatius">Titus Tatius</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Modern_influence">Modern influence</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solar_deity&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Modern influence"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Copernicus" class="mw-redirect" title="Copernicus">Copernicus</a> describing the Sun mythologically, drawing from Greco-Roman examples: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>In the middle of all sits the Sun on his throne. In this loveliest of temples, could we place the luminary in any more appropriate place so that he may light the whole simultaneously. Rightly is he called the Lamp, the Mind, the Ruler of the Universe: Hermes Trismegistus entitles him the God Visible. Sophocles' Electra names him the All-seeing. Thus does the Sun sit as upon a royal dais ruling his children the planets which circle about him.<sup id="cite_ref-Gillispie-1960_92-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gillispie-1960-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pre-Islamic_Arabia">Pre-Islamic Arabia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solar_deity&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Pre-Islamic Arabia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The concept of the sun in <a href="/wiki/Pre-Islamic_Arabia" title="Pre-Islamic Arabia">Pre-Islamic Arabia</a>, was abolished only under <a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Arabian solar deity appears to have been a goddess, <a href="/wiki/Shams_(deity)" title="Shams (deity)">Shams</a>/<a href="/wiki/Shamsun" class="mw-redirect" title="Shamsun">Shamsun</a>, most likely related to the <a href="/wiki/Canaan" title="Canaan">Canaanite</a> <a href="/wiki/Shapash" class="mw-redirect" title="Shapash">Shapash</a> and broader middle-eastern <a href="/wiki/Shamash" title="Shamash">Shamash</a>. She was the patron goddess of <a href="/wiki/Himyar" title="Himyar">Himyar</a>, and possibly exalted by the <a href="/wiki/Sabaeans" title="Sabaeans">Sabaeans</a> .<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Reliable_sources" title="Wikipedia:Reliable sources"><span title="The material near this tag may rely on an unreliable source. (September 2021)">unreliable source?</span></a></i>]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Yazidism">Yazidism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solar_deity&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Yazidism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Yazidism" title="Yazidism">Yazidism</a>, the angel <a href="/wiki/Sheikh_Shems" title="Sheikh Shems">Şêşims</a> is venerated as the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Yazidi_holy_figures" title="List of Yazidi holy figures">Xudan</a> or Lord of sun and light. He is also linked with <a href="/wiki/Fire_worship" title="Fire worship">fire</a>, which is his terrestrial counterpart, and <a href="/wiki/Oath" title="Oath">oaths</a>, which are sworn by the doorway of his shrine. Annually, during the <a href="/wiki/Feast_of_the_Assembly" class="mw-redirect" title="Feast of the Assembly">Feast of the Assembly</a>, a ceremonial bull sacrifice is performed in front of his shrine at <a href="/wiki/Lalish" title="Lalish">Lalish</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Aysif-2021_102-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Aysif-2021-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Yazidi religious texts refer to the light of the sun as a manifestation of God's light, therefore, Yazidis direct their faces in the sun's direction while praying. There are daily Yazidi prayers that are recited during the daytime, divided into three main phases of the day, the morning prayers include "Dua Şifaqê" (the dawn prayer), "Dua Sibê" (the morning prayer), "Duaya Rojhelatî" (the sunrise prayer). For the noon there is "Dua Nîvro" (the noon prayer) and at evening there is the "Duaya Hêvarî" (the evening prayer).<sup id="cite_ref-Aysif-2021_102-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Aysif-2021-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Americas">Americas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solar_deity&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Americas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Aztec_mythology">Aztec mythology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solar_deity&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Aztec mythology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Huitzilopochtli_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Huitzilopochtli_1.jpg/220px-Huitzilopochtli_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/83/Huitzilopochtli_1.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="263" data-file-height="205" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Huitzilopochtli" class="mw-redirect" title="Huitzilopochtli">Huitzilopochtli</a>, the Aztec god of the sun and war.</figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Aztec_mythology" title="Aztec mythology">Aztec mythology</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Tonatiuh" class="mw-redirect" title="Tonatiuh">Tonatiuh</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Nahuatl_languages" class="mw-redirect" title="Nahuatl languages">Nahuatl languages</a>: <i lang="nah">Ollin Tonatiuh</i>, "Movement of the Sun") was the sun god. The <a href="/wiki/Aztec" class="mw-redirect" title="Aztec">Aztec</a> people considered him the leader of <i><a href="/wiki/Tollan" class="mw-redirect" title="Tollan">Tollan</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Heaven" title="Heaven">heaven</a>). He was also known as the fifth sun, because the Aztecs believed that he was the sun that took over when the fourth sun was expelled from the sky. According to their <a href="/wiki/Cosmology" title="Cosmology">cosmology</a>, each sun was a god with its own cosmic era. According to the Aztecs, they were still in Tonatiuh's era. According to the Aztec <a href="/wiki/Creation_myth" title="Creation myth">creation myth</a>, the god demanded <a href="/wiki/Human_sacrifice" title="Human sacrifice">human sacrifice</a> as tribute and without it would refuse to move through the sky. The Aztecs were fascinated by the Sun and carefully observed it, and had a <a href="/wiki/Solar_calendar" title="Solar calendar">solar calendar</a> similar to that of the <a href="/wiki/Maya_civilization" title="Maya civilization">Maya</a>. Many of today's remaining Aztec monuments have structures aligned with the Sun.<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/Aztec_calendar" title="Aztec calendar">Aztec calendar</a>, Tonatiuh is the lord of the thirteen days from 1 Death to 13 Flint. The preceding thirteen days are ruled over by <a href="/wiki/Chalchiuhtlicue" title="Chalchiuhtlicue">Chalchiuhtlicue</a>, and the following thirteen by <a href="/wiki/Tlaloc" class="mw-redirect" title="Tlaloc">Tlaloc</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Incan_mythology">Incan mythology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solar_deity&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Incan mythology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pachacuteckoricancha.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Pachacuteckoricancha.jpg/170px-Pachacuteckoricancha.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Pachacuteckoricancha.jpg/255px-Pachacuteckoricancha.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Pachacuteckoricancha.jpg/340px-Pachacuteckoricancha.jpg 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="1083" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Pachacuti" title="Pachacuti">Emperor Pachacútec</a> worshiping Inti in the temple <a href="/wiki/Coricancha" title="Coricancha">Coricancha</a>, drawing by <a href="/wiki/Mart%C3%ADn_de_Mur%C3%BAa" title="Martín de Murúa">Martín de Murúa</a> of 1613.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Inti" title="Inti">Inti</a> is the ancient <a href="/wiki/Inca_Empire" title="Inca Empire">Incan</a> sun god. He is revered as the national patron of the Inca state. Although most consider Inti the sun god, he is more appropriately viewed as a cluster of solar aspects, since the Inca divided his identity according to the stages of the sun.<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Inti is represented as a golden disk with rays and a human face. </p><p>The Inca dedicated many ceremonies to the Sun in order to ensure the Sapa Inca's welfare.<sup id="cite_ref-inca2_105-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inca2-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Incas would set aside large quantities of natural and human resources throughout the empire for Inti. Each conquered province was supposed to dedicate a third of their lands and herds to Inti as mandated by the Inca. Each major province would also have a Sun Temple in which male and female priests would serve.<sup id="cite_ref-inca2_105-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-inca2-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="World_religions">World religions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solar_deity&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: World religions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Christianity">Christianity</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solar_deity&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Christianity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Horus_Jesus.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Horus_Jesus.png/220px-Horus_Jesus.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Horus_Jesus.png/330px-Horus_Jesus.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Horus_Jesus.png/440px-Horus_Jesus.png 2x" data-file-width="1243" data-file-height="785" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Horus" title="Horus">Horus</a> left and Jesus right, both presented as "solar messiahs" in <i>Zeitgeist: the Movie</i>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The comparison of Christ with the astronomical <a href="/wiki/Sun" title="Sun">Sun</a> is common in ancient Christian writings.<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By "the sun of righteousness" in <a href="/wiki/Malachi_4" class="mw-redirect" title="Malachi 4">Malachi 4</a><sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "the <a href="/wiki/Church_Fathers" title="Church Fathers">fathers</a>, from <a href="/wiki/Justin_Martyr" title="Justin Martyr">Justin</a> downward, and nearly all the earlier commentators understand <i>Christ</i>, who is supposed to be described as the rising sun".<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/New_Testament" title="New Testament">New Testament</a> itself contains a hymn fragment in <a href="/wiki/Ephesians_5" title="Ephesians 5">Ephesians 5</a>: "Awake, O sleeper, and arise from the dead, and Christ will shine on you."<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Clement_of_Alexandria" title="Clement of Alexandria">Clement of Alexandria</a> wrote of "the Sun of the Resurrection, he who was born before the dawn, whose beams give light".<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The pseudodocumentary <i><a href="/wiki/Zeitgeist_(film_series)" title="Zeitgeist (film series)">Zeitgeist: The Movie</a></i> (2007) asserts that <a href="/wiki/Judas_Iscariot" title="Judas Iscariot">Judas Iscariot</a> is an <a href="/wiki/Allegory" title="Allegory">allegory</a> of <a href="/wiki/Scorpius" title="Scorpius">Scorpio</a> (with Jesus being a <a href="/wiki/Personification" title="Personification">personification</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Sun" title="Sun">sun</a> passing through the twelve constellations).<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When the sun transits Scorpio, <a href="/wiki/Judas" class="mw-redirect" title="Judas">Judas</a> schemes with the <a href="/wiki/Sanhedrin" title="Sanhedrin">Sanhedrin</a> to <a href="/wiki/Arrest_of_Jesus" title="Arrest of Jesus">arrest Jesus</a> <a href="/wiki/Kiss_of_Judas" title="Kiss of Judas">by kissing him</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the metaphorical sense, as the sun exited <a href="/wiki/Libra_(constellation)" title="Libra (constellation)">Libra</a> in late autumn it enters Scorpio to be "kissed" by its stinger, which signifies the sun getting weaker as winter approaches.<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-114" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-115" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The three days after December 21 are the darkest as the sun is low in the sky, under <a href="/wiki/Sagittarius_(astrology)" title="Sagittarius (astrology)">Sagittarius</a>'s arrow, and therefore it is allegorized that, at this time, Jesus (the sun) dies for three days.<sup id="cite_ref-116" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After December 25, the Sun moves 1 degree north, which indicate longer days or <a href="/wiki/Resurrection_of_Jesus" title="Resurrection of Jesus">Jesus's resurrection</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>American theosophist <a href="/wiki/Alvin_Boyd_Kuhn" title="Alvin Boyd Kuhn">Alvin Boyd Kuhn</a> had postulated that Jesus or the <a href="/wiki/Abrahamic_God" class="mw-redirect" title="Abrahamic God">Abrahamic God</a> is a sun god, with other figures in the <a href="/wiki/Old_Testament" title="Old Testament">Old Testament</a> such as <a href="/wiki/Samson" title="Samson">Samson</a> (whose name means "sun" in Hebrew), <a href="/wiki/King_David" class="mw-redirect" title="King David">King David</a>, <a href="/wiki/Solomon" title="Solomon">Solomon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saul" title="Saul">Saul</a> (meaning soul, or sol, the sun), <a href="/wiki/Abraham" title="Abraham">Abraham</a>, <a href="/wiki/Moses" title="Moses">Moses</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gideon" title="Gideon">Gideon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jephtha" class="mw-redirect" title="Jephtha">Jephtha</a> also being solar allegories. To corroborate his argument about God being a solar deity, Kuhn cites the <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Psalms" class="mw-redirect" title="Book of Psalms">Psalm's</a> verses such as, "Our God is a living fire," "Our God is a consuming fire", "The Lord God is a sun", in addition to Jesus's "Christ will shine upon thee!", "I am come to send fire on earth" and "I am the light of the world".<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Christianization_of_Natalis_Invicti">Christianization of <i>Natalis Invicti</i></h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solar_deity&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Christianization of Natalis Invicti"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Christmas#History_of_religions_hypothesis" title="Christmas">Christmas § History of religions hypothesis</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ChristAsSol.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/ChristAsSol.jpg/220px-ChristAsSol.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="235" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/ChristAsSol.jpg/330px-ChristAsSol.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/ChristAsSol.jpg/440px-ChristAsSol.jpg 2x" data-file-width="462" data-file-height="494" /></a><figcaption>Mosaic of Christ as <a href="/wiki/Sun" title="Sun">Sol</a> or <a href="/wiki/Helios" title="Helios">Apollo-Helios</a> in Mausoleum M in the <a href="/wiki/Vatican_Necropolis" title="Vatican Necropolis">pre-4th-century necropolis</a> beneath<sup id="cite_ref-119" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/St_Peter%27s_Basilica" class="mw-redirect" title="St Peter's Basilica">St. Peter's in the Vatican</a>, which some interpret as representing Christ.</figcaption></figure> <p>According to one hypothesis about Christmas, the date was set to 25 December because it was the date of the festival of <a href="/wiki/Sol_Invictus" title="Sol Invictus">Sol Invictus</a>. The idea became popular especially in the 18th<sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and 19th centuries.<sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Chronography_of_354" class="mw-redirect" title="Chronography of 354">Philocalian calendar</a> of AD 354 marks a festival of <i><a href="/wiki/Sol_Invictus#Festival_of_Dies_Natalis_Solis_Invicti" title="Sol Invictus">Natalis Invicti</a></i> on 25 December. There is limited evidence that the festival was celebrated at around the time before the mid-4th century.<sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The earliest-known example of the idea that Christians chose to celebrate the birth of <a href="/wiki/Jesus" title="Jesus">Jesus</a> on 25 December because it was the date of an already existing festival of the Sol Invictus was expressed in an annotation to a manuscript of a work by 12th-century Syrian bishop <a href="/wiki/Jacob_Bar-Salibi" class="mw-redirect" title="Jacob Bar-Salibi">Jacob Bar-Salibi</a>. The scribe who added it wrote: "It was a custom of the Pagans to celebrate on the same 25 December the birthday of the Sun, at which they kindled lights in token of festivity. In these solemnities and revelries the Christians also took part. Accordingly when the doctors of the Church perceived that the Christians had a leaning to this festival, they took counsel and resolved that the true Nativity should be solemnized on that day."<sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Christian_iconography">Christian iconography</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solar_deity&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Christian iconography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The charioteer in the <a href="/wiki/Mosaic" title="Mosaic">mosaic</a> of Mausoleum M has been interpreted by some as Christ by those who argue that Christians adopted the image of the Sun (<a href="/wiki/Helios" title="Helios">Helios</a> or Sol Invictus) to represent Christ. In this portrayal, he is a beardless figure with a flowing cloak in a chariot drawn by four white horses, as in the mosaic in Mausoleum M discovered under <a href="/wiki/Saint_Peter%27s_Basilica" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Peter's Basilica">Saint Peter's Basilica</a> and in an early-4th-century catacomb fresco.<sup id="cite_ref-Weitzmann-1979_129-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Weitzmann-1979-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Halo_(religious_iconography)" title="Halo (religious iconography)">nimbus</a> of the figure under Saint Peter's Basilica is rayed, as in traditional pre-Christian representations.<sup id="cite_ref-Weitzmann-1979_129-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Weitzmann-1979-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Clement_of_Alexandria" title="Clement of Alexandria">Clement of Alexandria</a> had spoken of Christ driving his chariot across the sky.<sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This interpretation is doubted by others: "Only the <i>cross-shaped</i> nimbus makes the Christian significance apparent".<sup id="cite_ref-131" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the figure is seen by some simply as a representation of the sun with no explicit religious reference whatever, <a href="/wiki/Paganism" title="Paganism">pagan</a> or Christian.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHijmans2009567-578_132-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHijmans2009567-578-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hinduism">Hinduism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solar_deity&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Hinduism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Surya_Narayana.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Surya_Narayana.jpg/170px-Surya_Narayana.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="238" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Surya_Narayana.jpg/255px-Surya_Narayana.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Surya_Narayana.jpg/340px-Surya_Narayana.jpg 2x" data-file-width="913" data-file-height="1280" /></a><figcaption>The Hindu solar deity Surya being driven across the sky in his chariot</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Worship_of_Surya">Worship of Surya</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solar_deity&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Worship of Surya"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Saura_(Hinduism)" title="Saura (Hinduism)">Saura (Hinduism)</a></div> <p>The sun is prayed to by <a href="/wiki/Dravidian_peoples" title="Dravidian peoples">South Indians</a> during the harvest festival.<sup id="cite_ref-133" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Tamil_Nadu" title="Tamil Nadu">Tamil Nadu</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Tamil_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Tamil people">Tamil people</a> worship the sun god during the <a href="/wiki/Tamil_culture" title="Tamil culture">Tamil</a> month of <a href="/wiki/Tamil_calendar" title="Tamil calendar">Thai</a>, after a year of <a href="/wiki/Crop" title="Crop">crop</a> farming. The month is known as the harvesting month and people pay respects to the sun on the first day of the Thai month known as <a href="/wiki/Thai_pongal" class="mw-redirect" title="Thai pongal">Thai pongal</a>, or Pongal, which is a four-day celebration.<sup id="cite_ref-134" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is one of the few indigenous worships by the <a href="/wiki/Tamil_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Tamil people">Tamil people</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In other parts of India, the festival is celebrated as <a href="/wiki/Makar_Sankranti" title="Makar Sankranti">Makar Sankranti</a> and is mostly worshiped by <a href="/wiki/Hindu_diaspora" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindu diaspora">Hindu diaspora</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-136" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="New_religious_movements">New religious movements</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solar_deity&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: New religious movements"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Solar deities are revered in <a href="/wiki/New_religious_movements" class="mw-redirect" title="New religious movements">new religious movements</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Theosophy">Theosophy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solar_deity&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Theosophy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The primary local deity in <a href="/wiki/Theosophy" title="Theosophy">theosophy</a> is the Solar Logos, "the consciousness of the sun".<sup id="cite_ref-137" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Thelema">Thelema</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solar_deity&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Thelema"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Thelema" title="Thelema">Thelema</a> adapts its gods and goddesses from Ancient Egyptian religion, particularly those named in the <a href="/wiki/Stele_of_Ankh-ef-en-Khonsu#Interpretation_by_Aleister_Crowley_and_Thelema" title="Stele of Ankh-ef-en-Khonsu">Stele of Revealing</a>, among whom is the Sun god <a href="/wiki/Ra-Hoor-Khuit" class="mw-redirect" title="Ra-Hoor-Khuit">Ra-Hoor-Khuit</a>, a form of <a href="/wiki/Horus" title="Horus">Horus</a>. Ra-Hoor-Khuit is one of the principal deities described in <a href="/wiki/Aleister_Crowley" title="Aleister Crowley">Aleister Crowley</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Liber_AL_vel_Legis" class="mw-redirect" title="Liber AL vel Legis">Liber AL vel Legis</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECrowley1976Crowley1997_138-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECrowley1976Crowley1997-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Thelema, Ra-Hoor-Khuit represents the active, warlike aspect of the solar deity Horus, embodying the principles of strength and power. The Stele of Revealing, a funerary tablet from the 26th dynasty of Egypt, plays a central role in Crowley's cosmology, symbolizing the New <a href="/wiki/Aeon_of_Horus" title="Aeon of Horus">Aeon of Horus</a>. This Aeon is characterized by the themes of <a href="/wiki/Individualism" title="Individualism">individualism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Self-realization" title="Self-realization">self-realization</a>, and the discovery of one's <a href="/wiki/True_Will" title="True Will">True Will</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKaczynski2012_139-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKaczynski2012-139"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>One of the key practices in Thelema is the daily performance of <i><a href="/wiki/Liber_Resh_vel_Helios" title="Liber Resh vel Helios">Liber Resh vel Helios</a></i>, a set of solar adorations composed by Crowley. These rituals are performed at dawn, noon, sunset, and midnight, each directed towards different aspects of the Sun—<a href="/wiki/Ra" title="Ra">Ra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hathor" title="Hathor">Ahathoor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Atum" title="Atum">Tum</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Khepri" title="Khepri">Khephra</a>, respectively. The practice aims to align the practitioner with the natural cycles of the Sun and to integrate the physical and spiritual dimensions of existence in accordance with Thelemic principles.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDuQuette2003_140-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDuQuette2003-140"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The adoration of Ra-Hoor-Khuit and the performance of <i>Liber Resh</i> are intended to serve as daily reminders of the central Thelemic tenet, "Do what thou wilt shall be the whole of the Law."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECrowley1976ch._I,_v._40._141-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECrowley1976ch._I,_v._40.-141"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>140<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By engaging in these rituals, <a href="/wiki/List_of_Thelemites" title="List of Thelemites">Thelemites</a> seek to harmonize their personal will with the divine will, achieving greater spiritual enlightenment and alignment with the cosmic order.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKaczynski2012_139-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKaczynski2012-139"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solar_deity&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abram_Smythe_Palmer" title="Abram Smythe Palmer">Abram Smythe Palmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ame-no-Uzume" title="Ame-no-Uzume">Ame-no-Uzume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beaivi" title="Beaivi">Beaivi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canticle_of_the_Sun" title="Canticle of the Sun">Canticle of the Sun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eki_(goddess)" title="Eki (goddess)">Eki (goddess)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Five_Suns" title="Five Suns">Five Suns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_solar_deities" title="List of solar deities">List of solar deities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_deity" title="Lunar deity">Lunar deity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nature_worship" title="Nature worship">Nature worship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_(mythology)" title="Phoenix (mythology)">Phoenix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_symbol" title="Solar symbol">Solar symbol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_horses_in_mythology" title="White horses in mythology">White horses in mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worship_of_heavenly_bodies" title="Worship of heavenly bodies">Worship of heavenly bodies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zunbils" title="Zunbils">Zunbils</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solar_deity&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Footnotes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>see</i> <a href="/wiki/Colossus_of_Rhodes" title="Colossus of Rhodes">Colossus of Rhodes</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solar_deity&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">In most romance languages the word for "sun" is masculine (e.g. <i>le soleil</i> in French, <i>el sol</i> in Spanish, <i>Il Sole</i> in Italian). In most Germanic languages it is feminine (e.g. <i>Die Sonne</i> in German). In <a href="/wiki/Proto-Indo-European" class="mw-redirect" title="Proto-Indo-European">Proto-Indo-European</a>, its gender was inanimate.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Ancient Civilizations- Egypt- Land and lives of Pharaohs revealed</i>. Global Book Publishing. 30 October 2005. p. 79. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1740480562" title="Special:BookSources/1740480562"><bdi>1740480562</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ancient+Civilizations-+Egypt-+Land+and+lives+of+Pharaohs+revealed&rft.pages=79&rft.pub=Global+Book+Publishing&rft.date=2005-10-30&rft.isbn=1740480562&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.historyforkids.net/egyptian-gods.html">"Ancient Egyptian Gods & Goddesses Facts For Kids"</a>. <i>History for kids</i>. 18 June 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=History+for+kids&rft.atitle=Ancient+Egyptian+Gods+%26+Goddesses+Facts+For+Kids&rft.date=2019-06-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.historyforkids.net%2Fegyptian-gods.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMinster2019" class="citation web cs1">Minster, Christopher (30 May 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thoughtco.com/inti-the-inca-sun-god-2136316">"All About the Inca Sun God"</a>. <i>ThoughtCo</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ThoughtCo.&rft.atitle=All+About+the+Inca+Sun+God&rft.date=2019-05-30&rft.aulast=Minster&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thoughtco.com%2Finti-the-inca-sun-god-2136316&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSick2004" class="citation journal cs1">Sick, David (2004). "Mit(h)ra(s) and the Myths of the Sun". <i>Numen</i>. <b>51</b> (4): 432–467. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F1568527042500140">10.1163/1568527042500140</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Numen&rft.atitle=Mit%28h%29ra%28s%29+and+the+Myths+of+the+Sun&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=432-467&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1163%2F1568527042500140&rft.aulast=Sick&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-William_Ridgeway_1915_11–19-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-William_Ridgeway_1915_11–19_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-William_Ridgeway_1915_11–19_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilliam_Ridgeway1915" class="citation web cs1">William Ridgeway (1915). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theatrehistory.com/origins/ridgeway003.html">"Solar Myths, Tree Spirits, and Totems, The Dramas and Dramatic Dances of Non-European Races"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. pp. 11–19<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 March</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Solar+Myths%2C+Tree+Spirits%2C+and+Totems%2C+The+Dramas+and+Dramatic+Dances+of+Non-European+Races&rft.pages=11-19&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1915&rft.au=William+Ridgeway&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theatrehistory.com%2Forigins%2Fridgeway003.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarrol1985" class="citation journal cs1">Carrol, Michael P. (1985). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/23997047">"Some third thoughts on Max Müller and solar mythology"</a>. <i>European Journal of Sociology / Archives Européennes de Sociologie / Europäisches Archiv für Soziologie</i>. <b>26</b> (2): 263–281. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/23997047">23997047</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=European+Journal+of+Sociology+%2F+Archives+Europ%C3%A9ennes+de+Sociologie+%2F+Europ%C3%A4isches+Archiv+f%C3%BCr+Soziologie&rft.atitle=Some+third+thoughts+on+Max+M%C3%BCller+and+solar+mythology&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=263-281&rft.date=1985&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F23997047%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Carrol&rft.aufirst=Michael+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F23997047&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBaines2004" class="citation book cs1">Baines, John R. (2004). "Visual Representation". In Johnston, Sarah Iles (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/religionsofancie0000unse_d0s1/page/n2/mode/2up?q=barque"><i>Religions of the ancient world : a guide</i></a>. Cambridge, Massachusetts : The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. p. 600. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780674015173" title="Special:BookSources/9780674015173"><bdi>9780674015173</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 October</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Visual+Representation&rft.btitle=Religions+of+the+ancient+world+%3A+a+guide&rft.pages=600&rft.pub=Cambridge%2C+Massachusetts+%3A+The+Belknap+Press+of+Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=9780674015173&rft.aulast=Baines&rft.aufirst=John+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Freligionsofancie0000unse_d0s1%2Fpage%2Fn2%2Fmode%2F2up%3Fq%3Dbarque&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.solarnavigator.net/egyptian_solar_boat.htm">"Egypt solar boats"</a>. <i>solarnavigator.net</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=solarnavigator.net&rft.atitle=Egypt+solar+boats&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.solarnavigator.net%2Fegyptian_solar_boat.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSiliottiHawass1997" class="citation book cs1">Siliotti, Alberto; Hawass, Zahi (1997). <i>Guide to the Pyramids of Egypt</i>. pp. 54–55.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Guide+to+the+Pyramids+of+Egypt&rft.pages=54-55&rft.date=1997&rft.aulast=Siliotti&rft.aufirst=Alberto&rft.au=Hawass%2C+Zahi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWest2007" class="citation book cs1">West, M.L. (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZXrJA_5LKlYC"><i>Indo-European Poetry and Myth</i></a>. Oxford University Press. pp. 208–209. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780199280759" title="Special:BookSources/9780199280759"><bdi>9780199280759</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Indo-European+Poetry+and+Myth&rft.pages=208-209&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=9780199280759&rft.aulast=West&rft.aufirst=M.L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZXrJA_5LKlYC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMassetti2019" class="citation journal cs1">Massetti, Laura (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/40428177">"Antimachus's Enigma: On Erytheia, the Latvian Sun-goddess and a Red Fish"</a>. <i>Journal of Indo-European Studies</i>. <b>47</b>: 223–240. <q>synchronic analysis of Greek passages dealing with the journey of Helios reveals that the poetic image of the golden 'cup, vessel' hints at the solar boat.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Indo-European+Studies&rft.atitle=Antimachus%27s+Enigma%3A+On+Erytheia%2C+the+Latvian+Sun-goddess+and+a+Red+Fish&rft.volume=47&rft.pages=223-240&rft.date=2019&rft.aulast=Massetti&rft.aufirst=Laura&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F40428177&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGarrowWilkin2022" class="citation book cs1">Garrow, Duncan; Wilkin, Neil (June 2022). <i>The World of Stonehenge</i>. British Museum Press. pp. 147–148. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780714123493" title="Special:BookSources/9780714123493"><bdi>9780714123493</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1297081545">1297081545</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+World+of+Stonehenge&rft.pages=147-148&rft.pub=British+Museum+Press&rft.date=2022-06&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1297081545&rft.isbn=9780714123493&rft.aulast=Garrow&rft.aufirst=Duncan&rft.au=Wilkin%2C+Neil&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Gold und Kult der Bronzezeit</i>. Germanisches Nationalmuseum, Nuremberg. 2003. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-926982-95-0" title="Special:BookSources/3-926982-95-0"><bdi>3-926982-95-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gold+und+Kult+der+Bronzezeit&rft.pub=Germanisches+Nationalmuseum%2C+Nuremberg&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=3-926982-95-0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPanchenko2012" class="citation journal cs1">Panchenko, Dmitri (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/24174809">"Scandinavian Background of Greek Mythic Cosmography: The Sun's Water Transport"</a>. <i>Hyperboreus</i>. <b>18</b> (1): 5–20.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hyperboreus&rft.atitle=Scandinavian+Background+of+Greek+Mythic+Cosmography%3A+The+Sun%27s+Water+Transport&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=5-20&rft.date=2012&rft.aulast=Panchenko&rft.aufirst=Dmitri&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F24174809&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcVeigh2016" class="citation thesis cs1">McVeigh, Thor (2016). "5.4 Boats and the sun's daily journey". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aran.library.nuigalway.ie/handle/10379/6074"><i>Calendars, feasting, cosmology and identities: later Neolithic-early Bronze Age Ireland in European context</i></a> (PhD). University of Galway. pp. 168–174.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=Calendars%2C+feasting%2C+cosmology+and+identities%3A+later+Neolithic-early+Bronze+Age+Ireland+in+European+context&rft.inst=University+of+Galway&rft.date=2016&rft.aulast=McVeigh&rft.aufirst=Thor&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Faran.library.nuigalway.ie%2Fhandle%2F10379%2F6074&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLahelma2017" class="citation book cs1">Lahelma, Antti (2017). "The Circumpolar Context of the 'Sun Ship' Motif in South Scandinavian Rock Art". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/36843380"><i>North Meets South: Theoretical Aspects on theNorthern and Southern Rock Art Traditions in Scandinavia</i></a>. Oxbow Books. pp. 144–171. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78570-820-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78570-820-6"><bdi>978-1-78570-820-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Circumpolar+Context+of+the+%E2%80%98Sun+Ship%E2%80%99+Motif+in+South+Scandinavian+Rock+Art&rft.btitle=North+Meets+South%3A+Theoretical+Aspects+on+theNorthern+and+Southern+Rock+Art+Traditions+in+Scandinavia&rft.pages=144-171&rft.pub=Oxbow+Books&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-1-78570-820-6&rft.aulast=Lahelma&rft.aufirst=Antti&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F36843380&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Meller-2021-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Meller-2021_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Meller-2021_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMeller2021" class="citation book cs1">Meller, Harald (2021). "The Nebra Sky Disc – astronomy and time determination as a source of power". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/80363367"><i>Time is power. Who makes time?: 13th Archaeological Conference of Central Germany</i></a>. Landesmuseum für Vorgeschichte Halle (Saale). <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-948618-22-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-948618-22-3"><bdi>978-3-948618-22-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Nebra+Sky+Disc+%E2%80%93+astronomy+and+time+determination+as+a+source+of+power&rft.btitle=Time+is+power.+Who+makes+time%3F%3A+13th+Archaeological+Conference+of+Central+Germany&rft.pub=Landesmuseum+f%C3%BCr+Vorgeschichte+Halle+%28Saale%29.&rft.date=2021&rft.isbn=978-3-948618-22-3&rft.aulast=Meller&rft.aufirst=Harald&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F80363367&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCahill2015" class="citation journal cs1">Cahill, Mary (Spring 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/11627053">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Here comes the sun....: solar symbolism in Early Bronze Age Ireland'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Archaeology Ireland</i>. <b>29</b> (1): 26–33.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Archaeology+Ireland&rft.atitle=%27Here+comes+the+sun....%3A+solar+symbolism+in+Early+Bronze+Age+Ireland%27&rft.ssn=spring&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=26-33&rft.date=2015&rft.aulast=Cahill&rft.aufirst=Mary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F11627053&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMeller2022" class="citation audio-visual cs1">Meller, Harald (2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kx_lxoNwpBo"><i>The World of the Nebra Sky Disc: The Nors Boats</i></a>. <i>Halle State Museum of Prehistory</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+World+of+the+Nebra+Sky+Disc%3A+The+Nors+Boats&rft.date=2022&rft.aulast=Meller&rft.aufirst=Harald&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3Dkx_lxoNwpBo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMeller2022" class="citation audio-visual cs1">Meller, Harald (2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Nzh0pnpZudw"><i>The World of the Nebra Sky Disc: The Caergwrle Ship</i></a>. <i>Halle State Museum of Prehistory</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+World+of+the+Nebra+Sky+Disc%3A+The+Caergwrle+Ship&rft.date=2022&rft.aulast=Meller&rft.aufirst=Harald&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DNzh0pnpZudw&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWaddell2012" class="citation book cs1">Waddell, John (2012). "Tal-y-Llyn and the nocturnal voyage of the sun". In Britnell, W.J.; Silvester, R.J. (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/27838177"><i>Reflections on the Past. Essays in honour of Frances Lynch</i></a>. Cambrian Archaeological Association. pp. 337–350. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780947846084" title="Special:BookSources/9780947846084"><bdi>9780947846084</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Tal-y-Llyn+and+the+nocturnal+voyage+of+the+sun&rft.btitle=Reflections+on+the+Past.+Essays+in+honour+of+Frances+Lynch&rft.pages=337-350&rft.pub=Cambrian+Archaeological+Association&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=9780947846084&rft.aulast=Waddell&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F27838177&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWaddell2022" class="citation book cs1">Waddell, John (2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sidestone.com/books/l-archeologie-et-la-mythologie-celtique"><i>l'Archeologie et la Mythologie Celtique</i></a>. Sidestone Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789464260595" title="Special:BookSources/9789464260595"><bdi>9789464260595</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=l%27Archeologie+et+la+Mythologie+Celtique&rft.pub=Sidestone+Press&rft.date=2022&rft.isbn=9789464260595&rft.aulast=Waddell&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sidestone.com%2Fbooks%2Fl-archeologie-et-la-mythologie-celtique&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWaddell2014" class="citation audio-visual cs1">Waddell, John (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uzAcx8kr6SM&t=2630s"><i>2014 Rhind Lecture 2: "The Otherworld Hall on the Boyne"</i></a>. <i>Society of Antiquaries of Scotland</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2014+Rhind+Lecture+2%3A+%22The+Otherworld+Hall+on+the+Boyne%22&rft.date=2014&rft.aulast=Waddell&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DuzAcx8kr6SM%26t%3D2630s&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFeldmanSauvage2010" class="citation journal cs1">Feldman, Marian H.; Sauvage, Caroline (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/23789937">"Objects of Prestige? Chariots in the Late Bronze Age Eastern Mediterranean and Near East"</a>. <i>Ägypten und Levante / Egypt and the Levant</i>. <b>20</b>. Austrian Academy of Sciences Press: 67–181. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1553%2FAEundL20s67">10.1553/AEundL20s67</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/23789937">23789937</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 October</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%C3%84gypten+und+Levante+%2F+Egypt+and+the+Levant&rft.atitle=Objects+of+Prestige%3F+Chariots+in+the+Late+Bronze+Age+Eastern+Mediterranean+and+Near+East&rft.volume=20&rft.pages=67-181&rft.date=2010&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1553%2FAEundL20s67&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F23789937%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Feldman&rft.aufirst=Marian+H.&rft.au=Sauvage%2C+Caroline&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F23789937&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKristiansen2005" class="citation journal cs1">Kristiansen, Kristian (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/565963">"The Nebra find and early Indo-European religion"</a>. <i>Congresses of the Halle State Museum for Prehistory</i>. <b>5</b>. <a href="/wiki/Halle_State_Museum_of_Prehistory" title="Halle State Museum of Prehistory">Halle State Museum of Prehistory</a> – via Academia.edu.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Congresses+of+the+Halle+State+Museum+for+Prehistory&rft.atitle=The+Nebra+find+and+early+Indo-European+religion&rft.volume=5&rft.date=2005&rft.aulast=Kristiansen&rft.aufirst=Kristian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F565963&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://qph.cf2.quoracdn.net/main-qimg-1d719880b541134441d428b23398713e">"Photo of queen Ahhotep's gold boat model"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Photo+of+queen+Ahhotep%27s+gold+boat+model&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fqph.cf2.quoracdn.net%2Fmain-qimg-1d719880b541134441d428b23398713e&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCalvert2012" class="citation book cs1">Calvert, Amy (2012). "Vehicle of the Sun: The Royal Chariot in the New Kingdom". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/5630117"><i>Chasing Chariots. Proceedings of the First International Chariot Conference</i></a>. Sidestone Press. pp. 45–71.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Vehicle+of+the+Sun%3A+The+Royal+Chariot+in+the+New+Kingdom&rft.btitle=Chasing+Chariots.+Proceedings+of+the+First+International+Chariot+Conference&rft.pages=45-71&rft.pub=Sidestone+Press&rft.date=2012&rft.aulast=Calvert&rft.aufirst=Amy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F5630117&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWachsmann2010" class="citation journal cs1">Wachsmann, Shelley (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/4635066">"Ahhotep's Silver Ship Model: The Minoan Context"</a>. <i>Journal of Ancient Egyptian Interconnections</i>. <b>2</b> (3): 31–41. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2458%2Fazu_jaei_v02i3_wachsmann">10.2458/azu_jaei_v02i3_wachsmann</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Ancient+Egyptian+Interconnections&rft.atitle=Ahhotep%27s+Silver+Ship+Model%3A+The+Minoan+Context&rft.volume=2&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=31-41&rft.date=2010&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2458%2Fazu_jaei_v02i3_wachsmann&rft.aulast=Wachsmann&rft.aufirst=Shelley&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F4635066&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theoi.com/Titan/Helios.html">"Helios"</a>. <i>Theoi.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 September</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Theoi.com&rft.atitle=Helios&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theoi.com%2FTitan%2FHelios.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://thanasis.com/helios.htm">"Helios & Phaethon"</a>. <i>Thanasis.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 September</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Thanasis.com&rft.atitle=Helios+%26+Phaethon&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthanasis.com%2Fhelios.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/File:ProbusCoin.jpg" title="File:ProbusCoin.jpg">Image of Probus Coin</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bien12-20-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bien12-20_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bien12-20_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBien2012" class="citation book cs1">Bien, Gloria (2012). <i>Baudelaire in China a Study in Literary Reception</i>. Lanham: <a href="/wiki/University_of_Delaware" title="University of Delaware">University of Delaware</a>. p. 20. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781611493900" title="Special:BookSources/9781611493900"><bdi>9781611493900</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Baudelaire+in+China+a+Study+in+Literary+Reception&rft.place=Lanham&rft.pages=20&rft.pub=University+of+Delaware&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=9781611493900&rft.aulast=Bien&rft.aufirst=Gloria&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMonaghan2010xix–xxi-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMonaghan2010xix–xxi_34-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMonaghan2010xix–xxi_34-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMonaghan2010">Monaghan (2010)</a>, pp. xix–xxi.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKamrin2015" class="citation web cs1">Kamrin, Janice (March 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/papy/hd_papy.htm">"Papyrus in Ancient Egypt"</a>. <i>The Metropolitan Museum</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Metropolitan+Museum&rft.atitle=Papyrus+in+Ancient+Egypt&rft.date=2015-03&rft.aulast=Kamrin&rft.aufirst=Janice&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.metmuseum.org%2Ftoah%2Fhd%2Fpapy%2Fhd_papy.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTeeter2011" class="citation book cs1">Teeter, Emily (2011). <i>Religion and Ritual in Ancient Egypt</i>. New York: Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780521848558" title="Special:BookSources/9780521848558"><bdi>9780521848558</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Religion+and+Ritual+in+Ancient+Egypt&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=9780521848558&rft.aulast=Teeter&rft.aufirst=Emily&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrankfort2011" class="citation book cs1">Frankfort, Henri (2011). <i>Ancient Egyptian Religion: an Interpretation</i>. Dover Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0486411385" title="Special:BookSources/978-0486411385"><bdi>978-0486411385</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ancient+Egyptian+Religion%3A+an+Interpretation&rft.pub=Dover+Publications&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0486411385&rft.aulast=Frankfort&rft.aufirst=Henri&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAssman2004" class="citation book cs1">Assman, Jan (2004). "Monotheism and Polytheism". In Johnston, Sarah Iles (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/religionsofancie0000unse_d0s1/page/n5/mode/2up?q=sun-god+travels"><i>Religions of the ancient world : a guide</i></a>. Cambridge, Massachusetts : The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. p. 18. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780674015173" title="Special:BookSources/9780674015173"><bdi>9780674015173</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 October</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Monotheism+and+Polytheism&rft.btitle=Religions+of+the+ancient+world+%3A+a+guide&rft.pages=18&rft.pub=Cambridge%2C+Massachusetts+%3A+The+Belknap+Press+of+Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=9780674015173&rft.aulast=Assman&rft.aufirst=Jan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Freligionsofancie0000unse_d0s1%2Fpage%2Fn5%2Fmode%2F2up%3Fq%3Dsun-god%2Btravels&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCollins2004" class="citation book cs1">Collins, John J. (2004). "Cosmology: Time and History". In Johnston, Sarah Iles (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/religionsofancie0000unse_d0s1/page/n5/mode/2up?q=sun-god+travels"><i>Religions of the ancient world : a guide</i></a>. Cambridge, Massachusetts : The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. p. 61. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780674015173" title="Special:BookSources/9780674015173"><bdi>9780674015173</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 October</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Cosmology%3A+Time+and+History&rft.btitle=Religions+of+the+ancient+world+%3A+a+guide&rft.pages=61&rft.pub=Cambridge%2C+Massachusetts+%3A+The+Belknap+Press+of+Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=9780674015173&rft.aulast=Collins&rft.aufirst=John+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Freligionsofancie0000unse_d0s1%2Fpage%2Fn5%2Fmode%2F2up%3Fq%3Dsun-god%2Btravels&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKockel2010" class="citation cs2">Kockel, Ullrich (2010), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230282988_6">"Fifth Journey — Towards Castalia: To Re-Place Europe"</a>, <i>Re-Visioning Europe</i>, London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, pp. 155–188, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1057%2F9780230282988_6">10.1057/9780230282988_6</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-349-52060-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-349-52060-2"><bdi>978-1-349-52060-2</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 October</span> 2022</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Re-Visioning+Europe&rft.atitle=Fifth+Journey+%E2%80%94+Towards+Castalia%3A+To+Re-Place+Europe&rft.pages=155-188&rft.date=2010&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1057%2F9780230282988_6&rft.isbn=978-1-349-52060-2&rft.aulast=Kockel&rft.aufirst=Ullrich&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1057%2F9780230282988_6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wilkinson, op. cit., p.195</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ancientegyptonline.co.uk/isisphilae/">"Temple of Isis at Philae | Ancient Egypt Online"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Temple+of+Isis+at+Philae+%7C+Ancient+Egypt+Online&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fancientegyptonline.co.uk%2Fisisphilae%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldhistory.org/Amarna_Period_of_Egypt/">"Amarna Period of Egypt"</a>. <i>World History Encyclopedia</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=World+History+Encyclopedia&rft.atitle=Amarna+Period+of+Egypt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldhistory.org%2FAmarna_Period_of_Egypt%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSilverman1997" class="citation book cs1">Silverman, David (1997). <i>Ancient Egypt</i>. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. pp. 128–9. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-521952-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-521952-4"><bdi>978-0-19-521952-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ancient+Egypt&rft.place=New+York%2C+NY&rft.pages=128-9&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=978-0-19-521952-4&rft.aulast=Silverman&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Asante-2009-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Asante-2009_45-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Asante-2009_45-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAsanteMazama2009" class="citation book cs1">Asante, Molefi Kete; Mazama, Ama (2009). <i>Encyclopedia of African Religion</i>. SAGE. pp. 120–124, 165–166, 361. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4129-3636-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4129-3636-1"><bdi>978-1-4129-3636-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+African+Religion&rft.pages=120-124%2C+165-166%2C+361&rft.pub=SAGE&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-4129-3636-1&rft.aulast=Asante&rft.aufirst=Molefi+Kete&rft.au=Mazama%2C+Ama&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLuyaluka2016" class="citation journal cs1">Luyaluka, Kiatezua Lubanzadio (21 November 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0021934716678984">"The Spiral as the Basic Semiotic of the Kongo Religion, the Bukongo"</a>. <i>Journal of Black Studies</i>. <b>48</b> (1). SAGE Publications: 91–112. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0021934716678984">10.1177/0021934716678984</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0021-9347">0021-9347</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/26174215">26174215</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:152037988">152037988</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Black+Studies&rft.atitle=The+Spiral+as+the+Basic+Semiotic+of+the+Kongo+Religion%2C+the+Bukongo&rft.volume=48&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=91-112&rft.date=2016-11-21&rft.issn=0021-9347&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A152037988%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F26174215%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F0021934716678984&rft.aulast=Luyaluka&rft.aufirst=Kiatezua+Lubanzadio&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1177%252F0021934716678984&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMurray-Aynsley189129,_31-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMurray-Aynsley189129,_31_47-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMurray-Aynsley1891">Murray-Aynsley 1891</a>, pp. 29, 31.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTreimer1971">Treimer 1971</a>, p. 32; <a href="#CITEREFMurray-Aynsley1891">Murray-Aynsley 1891</a>, pp. 29, 31.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTirta2004">Tirta 2004</a>, pp. 68, 70–72, 249–254; <a href="#CITEREFSokoli2013">Sokoli 2013</a>, p. 181; <a href="#CITEREFHysi2006">Hysi 2006</a>, pp. 349–361; <a href="#CITEREFGjoni2012">Gjoni 2012</a>, pp. 85–86.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFQafleshi2011">Qafleshi 2011</a>, p. 49; <a href="#CITEREFTirta2004">Tirta 2004</a>, pp. 68–69, 135, 176–181, 249–261, 274–282, 327.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGjoni201286–87-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGjoni201286–87_51-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGjoni2012">Gjoni 2012</a>, pp. 86–87.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETreimer197131-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETreimer197131_52-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTreimer1971">Treimer 1971</a>, p. 31.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Elsie-Franck-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Elsie-Franck_53-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFElsie" class="citation web cs1">Elsie, Robert (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.albanianhistory.net/1534_Franck/">"1534. Sebastian Franck: Albania: A Mighty Province of Europe"</a>. <i>Texts and Documents of Albanian History</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Texts+and+Documents+of+Albanian+History&rft.atitle=1534.+Sebastian+Franck%3A+Albania%3A+A+Mighty+Province+of+Europe&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.albanianhistory.net%2F1534_Franck%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGalatyLafeLeeTafilica2013">Galaty et al. 2013</a>, p. 156; <a href="#CITEREFDobruna-Salihu2005">Dobruna-Salihu 2005</a>, pp. 345–346; <a href="#CITEREFTirta2004">Tirta 2004</a>, pp. 68–70; <a href="#CITEREFEgro2003">Egro 2003</a>, p. 35; <a href="#CITEREFStipčević1974">Stipčević 1974</a>, p. 182.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrahaj200716–18-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrahaj200716–18_55-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBrahaj2007">Brahaj 2007</a>, pp. 16–18.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGalatyLafeLeeTafilica2013">Galaty et al. 2013</a>, pp. 155–157; <a href="#CITEREFTirta2004">Tirta 2004</a>, pp. 68–82; <a href="#CITEREFElsie2001">Elsie 2001</a>, pp. 181, 244; <a href="#CITEREFPoghirc1987">Poghirc 1987</a>, p. 178; <a href="#CITEREFDurham1928a">Durham 1928a</a>, p. 51; <a href="#CITEREFDurham1928b">Durham 1928b</a>, pp. 120–125.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTirta2004">Tirta 2004</a>, pp. 71–72; <a href="#CITEREFElsie2001">Elsie 2001</a>, pp. 193, 244; <a href="#CITEREFCook1964">Cook 1964</a>, p. 197.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTirta2004">Tirta 2004</a>, p. 75; <a href="#CITEREFGjoni2012">Gjoni 2012</a>, pp. 81–87; <a href="#CITEREFXhemaj1983">Xhemaj 1983</a>, pp. 104–121.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tirta_2004_72,_128-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Tirta_2004_72,_128_59-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Tirta_2004_72,_128_59-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTirta2004">Tirta 2004</a>, pp. 72, 128</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dushi_2020_21-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Dushi_2020_21_60-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dushi_2020_21_60-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDushi2020">Dushi 2020</a>, p. 21</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGjoni201290-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGjoni201290_61-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGjoni2012">Gjoni (2012)</a>, p. 90.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGolan1991">Golan 1991</a>, p. 55; <a href="#CITEREFDaum1998">Daum 1998</a>, p. 236; <a href="#CITEREFGolan2003">Golan 2003</a>, pp. 93–94; <a href="#CITEREFTirta2004">Tirta 2004</a>, pp. 259–260; <a href="#CITEREFNeziri2015">Neziri 2015</a>, p. 124.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLelaj2015">Lelaj 2015</a>, p. 97; <a href="#CITEREFDoja2005">Doja 2005</a>, pp. 449–462; <a href="#CITEREFElsie1994">Elsie 1994</a>, p. i; <a href="#CITEREFPoghirc1987">Poghirc 1987</a>, p. 179</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGalatyLafeLeeTafilica2013">Galaty et al. 2013</a>, pp. 155–157; <a href="#CITEREFLelaj2015">Lelaj 2015</a>, pp. 91–118; <a href="#CITEREFTirta2004">Tirta 2004</a>, pp. 68–82; <a href="#CITEREFElsie2001">Elsie 2001</a>, pp. 181, 244; <a href="#CITEREFPoghirc1987">Poghirc 1987</a>, p. 178; <a href="#CITEREFDurham1928a">Durham 1928a</a>, p. 51; <a href="#CITEREFDurham1928b">Durham 1928b</a>, pp. 120–125.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEShuteriqi195966-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShuteriqi195966_65-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFShuteriqi1959">Shuteriqi 1959</a>, p. 66.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETirta200472,_127–128-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETirta200472,_127–128_66-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTirta2004">Tirta 2004</a>, pp. 72, 127–128.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchirò1923411–439-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchirò1923411–439_67-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchirò1923">Schirò 1923</a>, pp. 411–439.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHerouni2004" class="citation book cs1">Herouni, Paris M. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=w36gAAAAMAAJ&q=god"><i>Armenians and old Armenia: archaeoastronomy, linguistics, oldest history</i></a>. Tigran Metz Publishing House. p. 127. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789994101016" title="Special:BookSources/9789994101016"><bdi>9789994101016</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Armenians+and+old+Armenia%3A+archaeoastronomy%2C+linguistics%2C+oldest+history&rft.pages=127&rft.pub=Tigran+Metz+Publishing+House&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=9789994101016&rft.aulast=Herouni&rft.aufirst=Paris+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dw36gAAAAMAAJ%26q%3Dgod&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoettiger1918" class="citation book cs1">Boettiger, Louis Angelo (1918). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=CSRKAQAAMAAJ&q=children+of+the+sun&pg=RA2-PA56"><i>Armenian Legends and Festivals</i></a>. University of Minnesota.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Armenian+Legends+and+Festivals&rft.pub=University+of+Minnesota&rft.date=1918&rft.aulast=Boettiger&rft.aufirst=Louis+Angelo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DCSRKAQAAMAAJ%26q%3Dchildren%2Bof%2Bthe%2Bsun%26pg%3DRA2-PA56&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGonzález-Garcia2015" class="citation cs2">González-Garcia, A. César (2015), "Carahunge - A Critical Assessment", in <a href="/wiki/Clive_Ruggles" title="Clive Ruggles">Ruggles, Clive L. N.</a> (ed.), <i>Handbook of Archaeoastronomy and Ethnoastronomy</i>, New York: Springer Science+Business Media, pp. 1453–1460, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-1-4614-6141-8_140">10.1007/978-1-4614-6141-8_140</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4614-6140-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4614-6140-1"><bdi>978-1-4614-6140-1</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Carahunge+-+A+Critical+Assessment&rft.btitle=Handbook+of+Archaeoastronomy+and+Ethnoastronomy&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=1453-1460&rft.pub=Springer+Science%2BBusiness+Media&rft.date=2015&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2F978-1-4614-6141-8_140&rft.isbn=978-1-4614-6140-1&rft.aulast=Gonz%C3%A1lez-Garcia&rft.aufirst=A.+C%C3%A9sar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEditors_of_Encyclopedia_Britannica" class="citation web cs1">Editors of Encyclopedia Britannica. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/Saule">"Saule (Baltic deity)"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia Britannica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Saule+%28Baltic+deity%29&rft.au=Editors+of+Encyclopedia+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2FSaule&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-monaghan433-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-monaghan433_72-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-monaghan433_72-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-monaghan433_72-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-monaghan433_72-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Patricia_Monaghan" title="Patricia Monaghan">Patricia Monaghan</a>, <i>The Encyclopedia of Celtic Mythology and Folklore</i>, page 433.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Koch, John T., <i>Celtic Culture: Aberdeen breviary-celticism</i>, page 1636.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"(...) the Celtic Sun-deities, however, were often (perhaps originally) feminine". Jones, Prudence; Pennick, Nigel (1995). <i>A History of Pagan Europe</i>. <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. p. 88. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-136-14172-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-136-14172-0">978-1-136-14172-0</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFX.2003" class="citation book cs1">X., Delamarre (2003). <i>Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise : une approche linguistique du vieux-celtique continental</i> (2e éd. rev. et augm ed.). Paris: Errance. pp. 72 & 183 & 211. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9782877723695" title="Special:BookSources/9782877723695"><bdi>9782877723695</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/354152038">354152038</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dictionnaire+de+la+langue+gauloise+%3A+une+approche+linguistique+du+vieux-celtique+continental&rft.place=Paris&rft.pages=72+%26+183+%26+211&rft.edition=2e+%C3%A9d.+rev.+et+augm&rft.pub=Errance&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F354152038&rft.isbn=9782877723695&rft.aulast=X.&rft.aufirst=Delamarre&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacCulloch2005" class="citation book cs1">MacCulloch, J. A. (1 August 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xyWvBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA31"><i>The Celtic and Scandinavian Religions</i></a>. Chicago Review Press. p. 31. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781613732298" title="Special:BookSources/9781613732298"><bdi>9781613732298</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Celtic+and+Scandinavian+Religions&rft.pages=31&rft.pub=Chicago+Review+Press&rft.date=2005-08-01&rft.isbn=9781613732298&rft.aulast=MacCulloch&rft.aufirst=J.+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DxyWvBAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA31&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMacKillop199810,_70,_92-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMacKillop199810,_70,_92_77-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMacKillop199810,_70,_92_77-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMacKillop1998">MacKillop (1998)</a>, pp. 10, 70, 92.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Delamarre, Xavier, <i>Dictionnaire de la langue gauloise</i>, Errance, 2003, p. 287</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Zair, Nicholas, <i>Reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European Laryngeals in Celtic</i>, Brill, 2012, p. 120</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nicole Jufer & Thierry Luginbühl (2001). <i>Les dieux gaulois : répertoire des noms de divinités celtiques connus par l'épigraphie, les textes antiques et la toponymie.</i> Editions Errance, Paris. pp. 15, 64.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Simon Andrew Stirling, The Grail: Relic of an Ancient Religion, 2015</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHamilton" class="citation web cs1">Hamilton, Mae. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mythopedia.com/chinese-mythology/gods/hou-yi/">"Hou Yi"</a>. <i>Mythopedia</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Mythopedia&rft.atitle=Hou+Yi&rft.aulast=Hamilton&rft.aufirst=Mae&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmythopedia.com%2Fchinese-mythology%2Fgods%2Fhou-yi%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWaldek2018" class="citation web cs1">Waldek, Stefanie (30 August 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.history.com/news/how-5-ancient-cultures-explained-solar-eclipses">"How 5 Ancient Cultures Explaiined Solar Eclipses"</a>. <i>History.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=History.com&rft.atitle=How+5+Ancient+Cultures+Explaiined+Solar+Eclipses&rft.date=2018-08-30&rft.aulast=Waldek&rft.aufirst=Stefanie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.com%2Fnews%2Fhow-5-ancient-cultures-explained-solar-eclipses&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHamilton" class="citation web cs1">Hamilton, Mae. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mythopedia.com/chinese-mythology/gods/chang-e/">"Chang'e"</a>. <i>Mythopedia</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Mythopedia&rft.atitle=Chang%27e&rft.aulast=Hamilton&rft.aufirst=Mae&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmythopedia.com%2Fchinese-mythology%2Fgods%2Fchang-e%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.loebclassics.com/view/tacitus-germania/1914/pb_LCL035.207.xml">"TACITUS, Germania LCL 35: 206-20"</a>. <i>www.loebclassics.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.loebclassics.com&rft.atitle=TACITUS%2C+Germania+LCL+35%3A+206-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.loebclassics.com%2Fview%2Ftacitus-germania%2F1914%2Fpb_LCL035.207.xml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeare1964" class="citation journal cs1">Beare, W. (1964). "Tacitus on the Germans". <i>Greece & Rome</i>. <b>11</b> (1): 64–76. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0017383500012675">10.1017/S0017383500012675</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0017-3835">0017-3835</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/642633">642633</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:163536034">163536034</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Greece+%26+Rome&rft.atitle=Tacitus+on+the+Germans&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=64-76&rft.date=1964&rft.issn=0017-3835&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A163536034%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F642633%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0017383500012675&rft.aulast=Beare&rft.aufirst=W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'Gorman1993" class="citation journal cs1">O'Gorman, Ellen (1993). "No Place Like Rome: Identity and Difference in the Germania of Tacitus". <i>Ramus</i>. <b>22</b> (2): 135–154. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0048671X00002484">10.1017/S0048671X00002484</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:131482053">131482053</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ramus&rft.atitle=No+Place+Like+Rome%3A+Identity+and+Difference+in+the+Germania+of+Tacitus&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=135-154&rft.date=1993&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0048671X00002484&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A131482053%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=O%27Gorman&rft.aufirst=Ellen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGill2019" class="citation web cs1">Gill, N.S. (3 December 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thoughtco.com/apollo-greek-god-sun-music-prophecy-111902">"Everything you need to know about Apollo"</a>. <i>Thought Co</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Thought+Co&rft.atitle=Everything+you+need+to+know+about+Apollo&rft.date=2019-12-03&rft.aulast=Gill&rft.aufirst=N.S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thoughtco.com%2Fapollo-greek-god-sun-music-prophecy-111902&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith1952[httpsarchiveorgdetailsmanhisgods00smitpage143_143]-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith1952[httpsarchiveorgdetailsmanhisgods00smitpage143_143]_90-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSmith1952">Smith (1952)</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/manhisgods00smit/page/143">143</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith1952[httpsarchiveorgdetailsmanhisgods00smitpage145_145]-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith1952[httpsarchiveorgdetailsmanhisgods00smitpage145_145]_91-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSmith1952">Smith (1952)</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/manhisgods00smit/page/145">145</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gillispie-1960-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Gillispie-1960_92-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Gillispie-1960_92-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGillispie1960" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Coulston_Gillispie" title="Charles Coulston Gillispie">Gillispie, Charles Coulston</a> (1960). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/edgeofobjectivit00char"><i>The Edge of Objectivity: An Essay in the History of Scientific Ideas</i></a></span>. Princeton University Press. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/edgeofobjectivit00char/page/26">26</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-691-02350-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-691-02350-6"><bdi>0-691-02350-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Edge+of+Objectivity%3A+An+Essay+in+the+History+of+Scientific+Ideas&rft.pages=26&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=1960&rft.isbn=0-691-02350-6&rft.aulast=Gillispie&rft.aufirst=Charles+Coulston&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fedgeofobjectivit00char&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith1952[httpsarchiveorgdetailsmanhisgods00smitpage137_137]-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith1952[httpsarchiveorgdetailsmanhisgods00smitpage137_137]_93-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSmith1952">Smith (1952)</a>, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/manhisgods00smit/page/137">137</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Sun worship." <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a>. Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica, 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"The Sun and the Moon are from among the evidences of God. They do not eclipse because of someone's death or life." <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Husayn_Haykal" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad Husayn Haykal">Muhammad Husayn Haykal</a>, Translated by Isma'il Razi A. al-Faruqi, <i>The Life of Muhammad</i>, American Trush Publications, 1976, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-89259-002-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-89259-002-5">0-89259-002-5</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.witness-pioneer.org/vil/Books/MH_LM/campaign_of_tabuk_and_death_of_ibrahim.htm">[1]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Yoel Natan, <i>Moon-o-theism</i>, Volume I of II, 2006</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Julian Baldick (1998). <i>Black God</i>. Syracuse University Press. p. 20. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0815605226" title="Special:BookSources/0815605226">0815605226</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Merriam-Webster, <i>Merriam-Webster's Encyclopedia of World Religions</i>, 1999 – 1181 páginas</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFobbe,_SeanNavrouzov,_NatiaHopper,_KristenKhudida_Burjus,_Ahmed2019" class="citation report cs1">Fobbe, Sean; Navrouzov, Natia; Hopper, Kristen; Khudida Burjus, Ahmed; Philip, Graham; Nawaf, Maher G; Lawrence, Daniel; Walasek, Helen; Birjandian, Sara; Ali, Majid Hassan; Rashidani, Salim (2 August 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zenodo.org/record/3826126">Destroying the Soul of the Yazidis: Cultural Heritage Destruction during the Islamic State's Genocide against the Yazidis</a> (Report). pp. 55–109. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.5281%2Fzenodo.3826126">10.5281/zenodo.3826126</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Destroying+the+Soul+of+the+Yazidis%3A+Cultural+Heritage+Destruction+during+the+Islamic+State%27s+Genocide+against+the+Yazidis&rft.pages=55-109&rft.date=2019-08-02&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.5281%2Fzenodo.3826126&rft.au=Fobbe%2C+Sean&rft.au=Navrouzov%2C+Natia&rft.au=Hopper%2C+Kristen&rft.au=Khudida+Burjus%2C+Ahmed&rft.au=Philip%2C+Graham&rft.au=Nawaf%2C+Maher+G&rft.au=Lawrence%2C+Daniel&rft.au=Walasek%2C+Helen&rft.au=Birjandian%2C+Sara&rft.au=Ali%2C+Majid+Hassan&rft.au=Rashidani%2C+Salim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fzenodo.org%2Frecord%2F3826126&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMurad1993" class="citation book cs1">Murad, Jasim Elias (1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=WdTxtgAACAAJ"><i>The Sacred Poems of the Yazidis: An Anthropological Approach</i></a>. University of California, Los Angeles. pp. 313–326.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Sacred+Poems+of+the+Yazidis%3A+An+Anthropological+Approach&rft.pages=313-326&rft.pub=University+of+California%2C+Los+Angeles&rft.date=1993&rft.aulast=Murad&rft.aufirst=Jasim+Elias&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWdTxtgAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKreyenbroek1995" class="citation book cs1">Kreyenbroek, Philip G. (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=OTQqAQAAMAAJ"><i>Yezidism--its Background, Observances, and Textual Tradition</i></a>. E. Mellen Press. pp. 92–124, 127. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7734-9004-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7734-9004-8"><bdi>978-0-7734-9004-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Yezidism--its+Background%2C+Observances%2C+and+Textual+Tradition&rft.pages=92-124%2C+127&rft.pub=E.+Mellen+Press&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-0-7734-9004-8&rft.aulast=Kreyenbroek&rft.aufirst=Philip+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DOTQqAQAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Aysif-2021-102"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Aysif-2021_102-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Aysif-2021_102-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAysif2021" class="citation book cs1">Aysif, Rezan Shivan (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1295094056"><i>The role of nature in Yezidism poetic texts and living tradition</i></a>. Georg-August-Universität Göttingen. Göttingen. pp. 49, 95, 107, 150. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-86395-514-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-86395-514-4"><bdi>978-3-86395-514-4</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1295094056">1295094056</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+role+of+nature+in+Yezidism+poetic+texts+and+living+tradition&rft.place=G%C3%B6ttingen&rft.pages=49%2C+95%2C+107%2C+150&rft.date=2021&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1295094056&rft.isbn=978-3-86395-514-4&rft.aulast=Aysif&rft.aufirst=Rezan+Shivan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F1295094056&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBiblioteca_Porrúa._Imprenta_del_Museo_Nacional_de_Arqueología,_Historia_y_Etnología1905" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Biblioteca Porrúa. Imprenta del Museo Nacional de Arqueología, Historia y Etnología, ed. (1905). <i>Diccionario de Mitología Nahua</i> (in Spanish). México. pp. 648, 649, 650. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9684327955" title="Special:BookSources/978-9684327955"><bdi>978-9684327955</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Diccionario+de+Mitolog%C3%ADa+Nahua&rft.place=M%C3%A9xico&rft.pages=648%2C+649%2C+650&rft.date=1905&rft.isbn=978-9684327955&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMurraConradDemarest1985–2009" class="citation journal cs1">Murra, John V.; Conrad, Geoffrey W.; Demarest, Arthur A. (1985–2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2802453">"Religion and Empire: The Dynamics of Aztec and Inca Expansionism"</a>. <i>Man</i>. <b>20</b> (3): 553. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2802453">10.2307/2802453</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0025-1496">0025-1496</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Man&rft.atitle=Religion+and+Empire%3A+The+Dynamics+of+Aztec+and+Inca+Expansionism.&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=553&rft.date=1985%2F2009&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F2802453&rft.issn=0025-1496&rft.aulast=Murra&rft.aufirst=John+V.&rft.au=Conrad%2C+Geoffrey+W.&rft.au=Demarest%2C+Arthur+A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.2307%2F2802453&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-inca2-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-inca2_105-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-inca2_105-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">D'Altroy 2003, pg.148</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hartmut Miethe, Hilde Heyduck-Huth, <i>Jesus</i> (Taylor & Francis), p. 104</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.esv.org/Malachi+4:2">Malachi 4:2</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Carl Friedrich Keil, <i>Biblical Commentary on the Old Testament</i> (Eerdmans 1969), vol. 25, p. 468;</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.esv.org/Ephesians+5:14">Ephesians 5:14</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Clement of Alexandria, <i>Protreptius</i> 9:84, quoted in David R. Cartlidge, James Keith Elliott, <i>The Art of Christian Legend</i> (Routledge 2001 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-41523392-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-41523392-7">978-0-41523392-7</a>), p. 64</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcKnight2001" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Scot_McKnight" title="Scot McKnight">McKnight, Scot</a> (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160318111227/https://www.ibr-bbr.org/files/bbr/BBR_2001b_04_McKnight_JesusTwelve.pdf">"Jesus and the Twelve"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Bulletin for Biblical Research</i>. <b>11</b> (2): 203–231. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F26422271">10.2307/26422271</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/26422271">26422271</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ibr-bbr.org/files/bbr/BBR_2001b_04_McKnight_JesusTwelve.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 18 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+for+Biblical+Research&rft.atitle=Jesus+and+the+Twelve&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=203-231&rft.date=2001&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F26422271&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F26422271%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=McKnight&rft.aufirst=Scot&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ibr-bbr.org%2Ffiles%2Fbbr%2FBBR_2001b_04_McKnight_JesusTwelve.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.usbible.com/Astrology/gospel_zodiac.htm">"Gospel Zodiac"</a>. <i>The Unspoken Bible</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Unspoken+Bible&rft.atitle=Gospel+Zodiac&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.usbible.com%2FAstrology%2Fgospel_zodiac.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAcharya_S/D.M._Murdock2011" class="citation web cs1">Acharya S/D.M. Murdock (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stellarhousepublishing.com/originsofchristianity.pdf">"Origins of Christianity"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Stellar House Publishing<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Origins+of+Christianity&rft.pub=Stellar+House+Publishing&rft.date=2011&rft.au=Acharya+S%2FD.M.+Murdock&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stellarhousepublishing.com%2Foriginsofchristianity.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-114"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-114">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nicholas Campion, The Book of World Horoscopes, The Wessex Astrologer, 1999, p. 489 clearly refers to both conventions adopted by many astrologers basing the Ages on either the zodiacal constellations or the sidereal signs.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-115"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-115">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTester1999" class="citation book cs1">Tester, Jim (1999). <i>A History of Western Astrology</i>. Suffolk, UK: Boydell Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Western+Astrology&rft.place=Suffolk%2C+UK&rft.pub=Boydell+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.aulast=Tester&rft.aufirst=Jim&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-116"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-116">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFElie" class="citation web cs1">Elie, Benedict. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.astrosoftware.com/AquariusPiscesAge.htm">"Aquarius Pisces Age"</a>. Astro Software<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Aquarius+Pisces+Age&rft.pub=Astro+Software&rft.aulast=Elie&rft.aufirst=Benedict&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.astrosoftware.com%2FAquariusPiscesAge.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDeclercq2000" class="citation book cs1">Declercq, Georges (2000). <i>Anno Domini: The Origins of the Christian Era</i>. Brepols Essays in European Culture. Belgium: Turnhout. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9782503510507" title="Special:BookSources/9782503510507"><bdi>9782503510507</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Anno+Domini%3A+The+Origins+of+the+Christian+Era&rft.place=Belgium&rft.series=Brepols+Essays+in+European+Culture&rft.pub=Turnhout&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=9782503510507&rft.aulast=Declercq&rft.aufirst=Georges&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKuhn1996" class="citation web cs1">Kuhn, Alvin Boyd (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mountainman.com.au/ab_kuhn.html">"The Great Myth of the SUN-GODS"</a>. Mountain Man Graphics, Australia<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Great+Myth+of+the+SUN-GODS&rft.pub=Mountain+Man+Graphics%2C+Australia&rft.date=1996&rft.aulast=Kuhn&rft.aufirst=Alvin+Boyd&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mountainman.com.au%2Fab_kuhn.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span> This is a reprint; Kuhn died in 1963.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.saintpetersbasilica.org/Necropolis/Scavi.htm">"Loading..."</a> <i>www.saintpetersbasilica.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.saintpetersbasilica.org&rft.atitle=Loading...&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.saintpetersbasilica.org%2FNecropolis%2FScavi.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sir <a href="/wiki/Edward_Burnett_Tylor" title="Edward Burnett Tylor">Edward Burnett Tylor</a>, <i>Researches Into the Development of Mythology, Philosophy, Religion, Art, and Custom, Volume 2</i>, p. 270; John Murray, London, 1871; revised edition 1889.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-121"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-121">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Philip Schaff, <i>History of the Christian Church, Volume 3,</i> 1885, T and T Clark, Edinburgh, page 396; see also Volume 4 in the 3rd edition, 1910 (Charles Scribner's Sons, NY).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://melkite.org/tag/feast-of-the-annunciation">"The Day God Took Flesh"</a>. <i>Melkite Eparchy of Newton of the Melkite Greek Catholic Church</i>. 25 March 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Melkite+Eparchy+of+Newton+of+the+Melkite+Greek+Catholic+Church&rft.atitle=The+Day+God+Took+Flesh&rft.date=2012-03-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmelkite.org%2Ftag%2Ffeast-of-the-annunciation&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMartindale1913" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Martindale, Cyril (1913). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Christmas"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia_(1913)/Christmas">"Christmas" </a></span>. In Herbermann, Charles (ed.). <i><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia" title="Catholic Encyclopedia">Catholic Encyclopedia</a></i>. New York: Robert Appleton Company.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Christmas&rft.btitle=Catholic+Encyclopedia&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Robert+Appleton+Company&rft.date=1913&rft.aulast=Martindale&rft.aufirst=Cyril&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-124"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-124">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wallraff 2001: 174–177. Hoey (1939: 480) writes: "An inscription of unique interest from the reign of Licinius embodies the official prescription for the annual celebration by his army of a festival of Sol Invictus on December 19". The inscription (Dessau, <i><a href="/wiki/Inscriptiones_Latinae_Selectae" title="Inscriptiones Latinae Selectae">Inscriptiones Latinae Selectae</a></i> 8940) actually prescribes an annual offering to Sol on <i>November</i> 18 (die XIV Kal(endis) Decemb(ribus), i.e. on the fourteenth day before the Kalends of December).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-125"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-125">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Text at <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.tertullian.org/fathers/index.htm#Chronography_of_354">[2]</a> Parts 6 and 12 respectively.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(cited in <i>Christianity and Paganism in the Fourth to Eighth Centuries</i>, <a href="/wiki/Ramsay_MacMullen" title="Ramsay MacMullen">Ramsay MacMullen</a>. Yale:1997, p. 155)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://melkite.org/tag/feast-of-the-annunciation">"» Feast of the Annunciation"</a>. <i>melkite.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=melkite.org&rft.atitle=%C2%BB+Feast+of+the+Annunciation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmelkite.org%2Ftag%2Ffeast-of-the-annunciation&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/03724b.htm">1908 Catholic Encyclopedia: Christmas</a>: <i>Natalis Invicti</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Weitzmann-1979-129"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Weitzmann-1979_129-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Weitzmann-1979_129-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWeitzmann1979" class="citation book cs1">Weitzmann, Kurt (1979). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/agespiritualityl00artm"><i>Age of Spirituality</i></a></span>. Metropolitan Museum of Art. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/agespiritualityl00artm/page/n570">522</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87099179-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87099179-0"><bdi>978-0-87099179-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Age+of+Spirituality&rft.place=Metropolitan+Museum+of+Art&rft.pages=522&rft.date=1979&rft.isbn=978-0-87099179-0&rft.aulast=Weitzmann&rft.aufirst=Kurt&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fagespiritualityl00artm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWebb2001" class="citation book cs1">Webb, Matilda (2001). <i>The Churches and Catacombs of Early Christian Rome</i>. Sussex Academic Press. p. 18. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-90221058-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-90221058-2"><bdi>978-1-90221058-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Churches+and+Catacombs+of+Early+Christian+Rome&rft.pages=18&rft.pub=Sussex+Academic+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=978-1-90221058-2&rft.aulast=Webb&rft.aufirst=Matilda&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-131"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-131">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKemp2000" class="citation book cs1">Kemp, Martin (2000). <i>The Oxford History of Western Art</i>. Oxford University Press. p. 70. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19860012-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19860012-1"><bdi>978-0-19860012-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+History+of+Western+Art&rft.pages=70&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-19860012-1&rft.aulast=Kemp&rft.aufirst=Martin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span>, emphasis added</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHijmans2009567-578-132"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHijmans2009567-578_132-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHijmans2009">Hijmans (2009)</a>, p. 567-578.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-133"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJain_ChanchreekK.L._ChanchreekM.K._Jain2007" class="citation book cs1">Jain Chanchreek; K.L. Chanchreek; M.K. Jain (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=TicTAQAAIAAJ"><i>Encyclopaedia of Great Festivals</i></a>. Shree Publishers. pp. 36–38. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-8329-191-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-8329-191-0"><bdi>978-81-8329-191-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+of+Great+Festivals&rft.pages=36-38&rft.pub=Shree+Publishers&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-81-8329-191-0&rft.au=Jain+Chanchreek&rft.au=K.L.+Chanchreek&rft.au=M.K.+Jain&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DTicTAQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-134"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-134">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210830101945/https://pongal-festival.com/">"502 Bad Gateway nginx openresty 208.80.154.49"</a>. <i>www.pongal-festival.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pongal-festival.com/">the original</a> on 30 August 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 July</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.pongal-festival.com&rft.atitle=502+Bad+Gateway+nginx+openresty+208.80.154.49&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pongal-festival.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20011227113057/http://www.ntyo.org/kolangal/thaipongal.htm">"Tamizhs festival"</a>. ntyo.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ntyo.org/kolangal/thaipongal.htm">the original</a> on 27 December 2001<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 July</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tamizhs+festival&rft.pub=ntyo.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ntyo.org%2Fkolangal%2Fthaipongal.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-136"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-136">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/different-festivals-being-celebrated-today-signify-indias-vibrant-cultural-diversity-pm-modi/article38271076.ece">"Different festivals being celebrated today signify India's vibrant cultural diversity: PM Modi"</a>. <i>The Hindu</i>. PTI. 14 January 2022. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0971-751X">0971-751X</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hindu&rft.atitle=Different+festivals+being+celebrated+today+signify+India%27s+vibrant+cultural+diversity%3A+PM+Modi&rft.date=2022-01-14&rft.issn=0971-751X&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehindu.com%2Fnews%2Fnational%2Fdifferent-festivals-being-celebrated-today-signify-indias-vibrant-cultural-diversity-pm-modi%2Farticle38271076.ece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Powell, A.E. <i>The Solar System</i> London:1930 The Theosophical Publishing House (A Complete Outline of the Theosophical Scheme of Evolution). Lucifer, represented by the sun, the light.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECrowley1976Crowley1997-138"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECrowley1976Crowley1997_138-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCrowley1976">Crowley (1976)</a>; <a href="#CITEREFCrowley1997">Crowley (1997)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKaczynski2012-139"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKaczynski2012_139-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKaczynski2012_139-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKaczynski2012">Kaczynski (2012)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDuQuette2003-140"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDuQuette2003_140-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDuQuette2003">DuQuette (2003)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECrowley1976ch._I,_v._40.-141"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECrowley1976ch._I,_v._40._141-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCrowley1976">Crowley (1976)</a>, ch. I, v. 40..</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Works_cited">Works cited</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solar_deity&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Works cited"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrahaj2007" class="citation book cs1">Brahaj, Jaho (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=y1RpOwAACAAJ"><i>Flamuri i Kombit Shqiptar: origjina, lashtësia</i></a>. Enti Botues "Gjergj Fishta". <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789994338849" title="Special:BookSources/9789994338849"><bdi>9789994338849</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Flamuri+i+Kombit+Shqiptar%3A+origjina%2C+lasht%C3%ABsia&rft.pub=Enti+Botues+%22Gjergj+Fishta%22&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=9789994338849&rft.aulast=Brahaj&rft.aufirst=Jaho&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dy1RpOwAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCook1964" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Bernard_Cook" title="Arthur Bernard Cook">Cook, Arthur Bernard</a> (1964) [1914]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=9F_XAAAAMAAJ"><i>Zeus: Zeus, god of the bright sky</i></a>. Zeus: A Study in Ancient Religion. Vol. 1. Biblo and Tannen.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Zeus%3A+Zeus%2C+god+of+the+bright+sky&rft.series=Zeus%3A+A+Study+in+Ancient+Religion&rft.pub=Biblo+and+Tannen&rft.date=1964&rft.aulast=Cook&rft.aufirst=Arthur+Bernard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D9F_XAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCrowley1976" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Aleister_Crowley" title="Aleister Crowley">Crowley, Aleister</a> (1976). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bookoflawtechnic00crow/"><i>The Book of the Law: Liber AL vel Legis</i></a></span>. York Beach, Maine: Weiser Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87728-334-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87728-334-8"><bdi>978-0-87728-334-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Book+of+the+Law%3A+Liber+AL+vel+Legis&rft.place=York+Beach%2C+Maine&rft.pub=Weiser+Books&rft.date=1976&rft.isbn=978-0-87728-334-8&rft.aulast=Crowley&rft.aufirst=Aleister&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbookoflawtechnic00crow%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCrowley1997" class="citation book cs1">Crowley, Aleister (1997). <a href="/wiki/Magick_(Book_4)" title="Magick (Book 4)"><i>Magick: Liber ABA, Book 4, Parts I-IV</i></a> (2nd rev. ed.). Boston: Weiser. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87728-919-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-87728-919-0"><bdi>0-87728-919-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Magick%3A+Liber+ABA%2C+Book+4%2C+Parts+I-IV&rft.place=Boston&rft.edition=2nd+rev.&rft.pub=Weiser&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=0-87728-919-0&rft.aulast=Crowley&rft.aufirst=Aleister&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDaum1998" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Werner_Daum" title="Werner Daum">Daum, Werner</a> (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QIppAAAAMAAJ"><i>Albanien zwischen Kreuz und Halbmond</i></a>. Staatliches Museum für Völkerkunde. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783701624614" title="Special:BookSources/9783701624614"><bdi>9783701624614</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Albanien+zwischen+Kreuz+und+Halbmond&rft.pub=Staatliches+Museum+f%C3%BCr+V%C3%B6lkerkunde&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=9783701624614&rft.aulast=Daum&rft.aufirst=Werner&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQIppAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDobruna-Salihu2005" class="citation book cs1">Dobruna-Salihu, Exhlale (2005). "Cult symbols and images on funerary monuments of the Roman Period in the central section in Dardania". In M. Sanadaer, A. Rendić-Miočević (ed.). <i>Religija i mit kao poticaj rimskoj provincijalnoj plastici. Akti VIII. međunarodnog kolokvija o problemima rimskog provincijalnog umjetničkog stvaralaštva / Religion and myth as an impetus for the Roman provincial sculpture. The Proceedings of the 8th International Colloquium on Problems of Roman Provincial Art</i>. Golden marketing-Tehniéka knjiga. Odsjek za arheologiju Filozofskog fakulteta u Zagrebu. pp. 343–350. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/953-212-242-7" title="Special:BookSources/953-212-242-7"><bdi>953-212-242-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Cult+symbols+and+images+on+funerary+monuments+of+the+Roman+Period+in+the+central+section+in+Dardania&rft.btitle=Religija+i+mit+kao+poticaj+rimskoj+provincijalnoj+plastici.+Akti+VIII.+me%C4%91unarodnog+kolokvija+o+problemima+rimskog+provincijalnog+umjetni%C4%8Dkog+stvarala%C5%A1tva+%2F+Religion+and+myth+as+an+impetus+for+the+Roman+provincial+sculpture.+The+Proceedings+of+the+8th+International+Colloquium+on+Problems+of+Roman+Provincial+Art&rft.pages=343-350&rft.pub=Golden+marketing-Tehni%C3%A9ka+knjiga.+Odsjek+za+arheologiju+Filozofskog+fakulteta+u+Zagrebu&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=953-212-242-7&rft.aulast=Dobruna-Salihu&rft.aufirst=Exhlale&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDoja2005" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Albert_Doja" title="Albert Doja">Doja, Albert</a> (2005), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/18364/1/18364.pdf">"Mythology and Destiny"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, <i>Anthropos</i>, <b>100</b> (2): 449–462, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.5771%2F0257-9774-2005-2-449">10.5771/0257-9774-2005-2-449</a>, <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/40466549">40466549</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Anthropos&rft.atitle=Mythology+and+Destiny&rft.volume=100&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=449-462&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.5771%2F0257-9774-2005-2-449&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F40466549%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Doja&rft.aufirst=Albert&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdiscovery.ucl.ac.uk%2F18364%2F1%2F18364.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDuQuette2003" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Lon_Milo_DuQuette" title="Lon Milo DuQuette">DuQuette, Lon Milo</a> (2003). <i>The Magick of Aleister Crowley: A Handbook of the Rituals of Thelema</i>. Weiser. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-57863-299-4" title="Special:BookSources/1-57863-299-4"><bdi>1-57863-299-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Magick+of+Aleister+Crowley%3A+A+Handbook+of+the+Rituals+of+Thelema&rft.pub=Weiser&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=1-57863-299-4&rft.aulast=DuQuette&rft.aufirst=Lon+Milo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDurham1928a" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Edith_Durham" title="Edith Durham">Durham, Edith</a> (1928a). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8BoOAQAAMAAJ"><i>High Albania</i></a>. LO Beacon Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8070-7035-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8070-7035-2"><bdi>978-0-8070-7035-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=High+Albania&rft.pub=LO+Beacon+Press&rft.date=1928&rft.isbn=978-0-8070-7035-2&rft.aulast=Durham&rft.aufirst=Edith&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D8BoOAQAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDurham1928b" class="citation book cs1">Durham, Edith (1928b). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ostdok.de/id/BV020418531/ft/bsb00104125?page=1"><i>Some tribal origins, laws and customs of the Balkans</i></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Some+tribal+origins%2C+laws+and+customs+of+the+Balkans&rft.date=1928&rft.aulast=Durham&rft.aufirst=Edith&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fostdok.de%2Fid%2FBV020418531%2Fft%2Fbsb00104125%3Fpage%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDushi2020" class="citation journal cs1">Dushi, Arbnora (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.51554%2FTD.2020.28363">"The Sister-Brother Recognition Motif in the Albanian Folk Ballad: Meaning and Contexts within the National Culture"</a>. <i>Tautosakos Darbai</i>. <b>59</b>: 17–29. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.51554%2FTD.2020.28363">10.51554/TD.2020.28363</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:253540847">253540847</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tautosakos+Darbai&rft.atitle=The+Sister-Brother+Recognition+Motif+in+the+Albanian+Folk+Ballad%3A+Meaning+and+Contexts+within+the+National+Culture&rft.volume=59&rft.pages=17-29&rft.date=2020&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.51554%2FTD.2020.28363&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A253540847%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Dushi&rft.aufirst=Arbnora&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.51554%252FTD.2020.28363&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEgro2003" class="citation book cs1">Egro, Dritan (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1oafGwAACAAJ"><i>Islam in Albanian Lands During the First Two Centuries of the Ottoman Rule</i></a>. Department of History of Bilkent University.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islam+in+Albanian+Lands+During+the+First+Two+Centuries+of+the+Ottoman+Rule&rft.pub=Department+of+History+of+Bilkent+University&rft.date=2003&rft.aulast=Egro&rft.aufirst=Dritan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D1oafGwAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFElsie1994" class="citation book cs1">Elsie, Robert (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090728124130/http://www.elsie.de/en/books/b09.html"><i>Albanian Folktales and Legends</i></a>. Naim Frashëri Publishing Company. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.elsie.de/en/books/b09.html">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(pdf)</span> on 28 July 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Albanian+Folktales+and+Legends&rft.pub=Naim+Frash%C3%ABri+Publishing+Company&rft.date=1994&rft.aulast=Elsie&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.elsie.de%2Fen%2Fbooks%2Fb09.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFElsie2001" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Elsie" title="Robert Elsie">Elsie, Robert</a> (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=N_IXHrXIsYkC"><i>A Dictionary of Albanian Religion, Mythology and Folk Culture</i></a>. London: Hurst & Company. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85065-570-7" title="Special:BookSources/1-85065-570-7"><bdi>1-85065-570-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Dictionary+of+Albanian+Religion%2C+Mythology+and+Folk+Culture&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Hurst+%26+Company&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=1-85065-570-7&rft.aulast=Elsie&rft.aufirst=Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DN_IXHrXIsYkC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGalatyLafeLeeTafilica2013" class="citation book cs1">Galaty, Michael; Lafe, Ols; Lee, Wayne; Tafilica, Zamir (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=f2mRDwAAQBAJ"><i>Light and Shadow: Isolation and Interaction in the Shala Valley of Northern Albania</i></a>. The Cotsen Institute of Archaeology Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1931745710" title="Special:BookSources/978-1931745710"><bdi>978-1931745710</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Light+and+Shadow%3A+Isolation+and+Interaction+in+the+Shala+Valley+of+Northern+Albania&rft.pub=The+Cotsen+Institute+of+Archaeology+Press&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1931745710&rft.aulast=Galaty&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.au=Lafe%2C+Ols&rft.au=Lee%2C+Wayne&rft.au=Tafilica%2C+Zamir&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Df2mRDwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGjoni2012" class="citation thesis cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Gjoni, Irena (2012). <i>Marrëdhënie të miteve dhe kulteve të bregdetit të Jonit me areale të tjera mitike</i> (PhD) (in Albanian). Tirana: University of Tirana, Faculty of History and Philology.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=Marr%C3%ABdh%C3%ABnie+t%C3%AB+miteve+dhe+kulteve+t%C3%AB+bregdetit+t%C3%AB+Jonit+me+areale+t%C3%AB+tjera+mitike&rft.inst=University+of+Tirana%2C+Faculty+of+History+and+Philology&rft.date=2012&rft.aulast=Gjoni&rft.aufirst=Irena&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGolan1991" class="citation book cs1">Golan, Ariel (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FBPM0_fQ19IC"><i>Myth and Symbol: Symbolism in Prehistoric Religions</i></a>. A. Golan. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789652222459" title="Special:BookSources/9789652222459"><bdi>9789652222459</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Myth+and+Symbol%3A+Symbolism+in+Prehistoric+Religions&rft.pub=A.+Golan&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=9789652222459&rft.aulast=Golan&rft.aufirst=Ariel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DFBPM0_fQ19IC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGolan2003" class="citation book cs1">Golan, Ariel (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vfgoAAAAYAAJ"><i>Prehistoric Religion: Mythology, Symbolism</i></a>. A. Golan. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789659055500" title="Special:BookSources/9789659055500"><bdi>9789659055500</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Prehistoric+Religion%3A+Mythology%2C+Symbolism&rft.pub=A.+Golan&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=9789659055500&rft.aulast=Golan&rft.aufirst=Ariel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DvfgoAAAAYAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHijmans2009" class="citation thesis cs1">Hijmans, Steven E. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120225081630/http://dissertations.ub.rug.nl/FILES/faculties/arts/2009/s.e.hijmans/vol1/05_c5.pdf"><i>Sol: the sun in the art and religions of Rome</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (Thesis). <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-367-3931-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-367-3931-3"><bdi>978-90-367-3931-3</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dissertations.ub.rug.nl/FILES/faculties/arts/2009/s.e.hijmans/vol1/05_c5.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 25 February 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=Sol%3A+the+sun+in+the+art+and+religions+of+Rome&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-90-367-3931-3&rft.aulast=Hijmans&rft.aufirst=Steven+E.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdissertations.ub.rug.nl%2FFILES%2Ffaculties%2Farts%2F2009%2Fs.e.hijmans%2Fvol1%2F05_c5.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHysi2006" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Hysi, Shyqyri (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ceeol.com/search/article-detail?id=275246">"Kulte tradicionale shqiptare"</a> [Albanian Traditional Cults]. <i>Gjurmime Albanologjike - Folklor Dhe Etnologji</i> (in Albanian) (36). Instituti Albanologjik i Prishtinës: 349–361.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Gjurmime+Albanologjike+-+Folklor+Dhe+Etnologji&rft.atitle=Kulte+tradicionale+shqiptare&rft.issue=36&rft.pages=349-361&rft.date=2006&rft.aulast=Hysi&rft.aufirst=Shyqyri&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ceeol.com%2Fsearch%2Farticle-detail%3Fid%3D275246&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKaczynski2012" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Kaczynski" title="Richard Kaczynski">Kaczynski, Richard</a> (2012). <i>Perdurabo: The Life of Aleister Crowley</i> (rev. & exp. ed.). <a href="/wiki/North_Atlantic_Books" title="North Atlantic Books">North Atlantic Books</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-58394-576-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-58394-576-6"><bdi>978-1-58394-576-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Perdurabo%3A+The+Life+of+Aleister+Crowley&rft.edition=rev.+%26+exp.&rft.pub=North+Atlantic+Books&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-1-58394-576-6&rft.aulast=Kaczynski&rft.aufirst=Richard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLelaj2015" class="citation journal cs1">Lelaj, Olsi (2015). "Mbi tatuazhin në shoqërinë shqiptare" [On Tattoo in the Albanian Society]. <i><a href="/wiki/Kultura_Popullore" title="Kultura Popullore">Kultura Popullore</a></i>. <b>34</b> (71–72). <a href="/wiki/Centre_of_Albanological_Studies" class="mw-redirect" title="Centre of Albanological Studies">Centre of Albanological Studies</a>: 91–118. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/2309-5717">2309-5717</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Kultura+Popullore&rft.atitle=Mbi+tatuazhin+n%C3%AB+shoq%C3%ABrin%C3%AB+shqiptare&rft.volume=34&rft.issue=71%E2%80%9372&rft.pages=91-118&rft.date=2015&rft.issn=2309-5717&rft.aulast=Lelaj&rft.aufirst=Olsi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacKillop1998" class="citation book cs1">MacKillop, James (1998). <i>Dictionary of Celtic mythology</i>. Oxford: Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-869157-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-869157-0"><bdi>978-0-19-869157-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dictionary+of+Celtic+mythology&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-0-19-869157-0&rft.aulast=MacKillop&rft.aufirst=James&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMonaghan2010" class="citation book cs1">Monaghan, Patricia (2010). <i>Encyclopedia of Goddesses and Heroines</i>. Santa Barbara, CA: Greenwood. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-313-34990-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-313-34990-4"><bdi>978-0-313-34990-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Goddesses+and+Heroines&rft.place=Santa+Barbara%2C+CA&rft.pub=Greenwood&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-313-34990-4&rft.aulast=Monaghan&rft.aufirst=Patricia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMurray-Aynsley1891" class="citation journal cs1">Murray-Aynsley, J. C. (1891). "Swastika". <i>Ars Quatuor Coronatorum</i>. <b>IV</b>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ars+Quatuor+Coronatorum&rft.atitle=Swastika&rft.volume=IV&rft.date=1891&rft.aulast=Murray-Aynsley&rft.aufirst=J.+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNeziri2015" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Neziri, Zeqirja (2015). <i>Lirika gojore shqiptare</i> (in Albanian). Skopje: Interlingua. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9989-173-52-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-9989-173-52-3"><bdi>978-9989-173-52-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lirika+gojore+shqiptare&rft.place=Skopje&rft.pub=Interlingua&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-9989-173-52-3&rft.aulast=Neziri&rft.aufirst=Zeqirja&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPoghirc1987" class="citation book cs1">Poghirc, Cicerone (1987). "Albanian Religion". In Mircea Eliade (ed.). <i>The Encyclopedia of Religion</i>. Vol. 1. New York: MacMillan Publishing Co. pp. 178–180.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Albanian+Religion&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+of+Religion&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=178-180&rft.pub=MacMillan+Publishing+Co&rft.date=1987&rft.aulast=Poghirc&rft.aufirst=Cicerone&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFQafleshi2011" class="citation book cs1">Qafleshi, Muharrem (2011). <i>Opoja dhe Gora ndër shekuj</i> [<i>Opoja and Gora During Centuries</i>]. <a href="/wiki/Albanological_Institute_of_Pristina" title="Albanological Institute of Pristina">Albanological Institute of Pristina</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9951-596-51-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-9951-596-51-0"><bdi>978-9951-596-51-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Opoja+dhe+Gora+nd%C3%ABr+shekuj&rft.pub=Albanological+Institute+of+Pristina&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-9951-596-51-0&rft.aulast=Qafleshi&rft.aufirst=Muharrem&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchirò1923" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Schir%C3%B2" title="Giuseppe Schirò">Schirò, Giuseppe</a> (1923). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Z0UfwPKzZk0C"><i>Canti tradizionali ed altri saggi delle colonie albanesi di Sicilia</i></a> [<i>Traditional Songs and other Essays from the Albanian Colonies of Sicily</i>] (in Albanian and Italian). Stab. tip. L. Pierro.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Canti+tradizionali+ed+altri+saggi+delle+colonie+albanesi+di+Sicilia&rft.pub=Stab.+tip.+L.+Pierro&rft.date=1923&rft.aulast=Schir%C3%B2&rft.aufirst=Giuseppe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZ0UfwPKzZk0C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShuteriqi1959" class="citation book cs1">Shuteriqi, Dhimitër S. (1959). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lgI-AQAAIAAJ"><i>Historia e letërsisë shqipe</i></a>. Vol. 1. Universiteti Shtetëror i Tiranës, Instituti i Historisë dhe Gjuhësisë.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historia+e+let%C3%ABrsis%C3%AB+shqipe&rft.pub=Universiteti+Shtet%C3%ABror+i+Tiran%C3%ABs%2C+Instituti+i+Historis%C3%AB+dhe+Gjuh%C3%ABsis%C3%AB&rft.date=1959&rft.aulast=Shuteriqi&rft.aufirst=Dhimit%C3%ABr+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DlgI-AQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith1952" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Homer_W._Smith" title="Homer W. Smith">Smith, Homer W.</a> (1952). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/manhisgods00smit"><i>Man and His Gods</i></a></span>. New York: <a href="/wiki/Grosset_%26_Dunlap" title="Grosset & Dunlap">Grosset & Dunlap</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Man+and+His+Gods&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Grosset+%26+Dunlap&rft.date=1952&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Homer+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmanhisgods00smit&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSokoli2013" class="citation book cs1">Sokoli, Ramadan (2013) [1999]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=i8RdAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA181">"The Albanian World in the Folk Teller's Stories"</a>. In Margaret Read MacDonald (ed.). <i>Traditional Storytelling Today: An International Sourcebook</i>. Translated by Pranvera Xhelo. Routledge. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781135917142" title="Special:BookSources/9781135917142"><bdi>9781135917142</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Albanian+World+in+the+Folk+Teller%27s+Stories&rft.btitle=Traditional+Storytelling+Today%3A+An+International+Sourcebook&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=9781135917142&rft.aulast=Sokoli&rft.aufirst=Ramadan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Di8RdAgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA181&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStipčević1974" class="citation book cs1">Stipčević, Aleksandar (1974). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=NLcWAQAAIAAJ"><i>The Illyrians: history and culture</i></a> (1977 ed.). Noyes Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0815550525" title="Special:BookSources/978-0815550525"><bdi>978-0815550525</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Illyrians%3A+history+and+culture&rft.edition=1977&rft.pub=Noyes+Press&rft.date=1974&rft.isbn=978-0815550525&rft.aulast=Stip%C4%8Devi%C4%87&rft.aufirst=Aleksandar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNLcWAQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTirta2004" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Tirta, Mark (2004). Petrit Bezhani (ed.). <i>Mitologjia ndër shqiptarë</i> (in Albanian). Tirana: Mësonjëtorja. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/99927-938-9-9" title="Special:BookSources/99927-938-9-9"><bdi>99927-938-9-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mitologjia+nd%C3%ABr+shqiptar%C3%AB&rft.place=Tirana&rft.pub=M%C3%ABsonj%C3%ABtorja&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=99927-938-9-9&rft.aulast=Tirta&rft.aufirst=Mark&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTreimer1971" class="citation book cs1">Treimer, Karl (1971). "Zur Rückerschliessung der illyrischen Götterwelt und ihre Bedeutung für die südslawische Philologie". In Henrik Barić (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=dTIBAAAAMAAJ"><i>Arhiv za Arbanasku starinu, jezik i etnologiju</i></a>. Vol. I. R. Trofenik. pp. 27–33.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Zur+R%C3%BCckerschliessung+der+illyrischen+G%C3%B6tterwelt+und+ihre+Bedeutung+f%C3%BCr+die+s%C3%BCdslawische+Philologie&rft.btitle=Arhiv+za+Arbanasku+starinu%2C+jezik+i+etnologiju&rft.pages=27-33&rft.pub=R.+Trofenik&rft.date=1971&rft.aulast=Treimer&rft.aufirst=Karl&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DdTIBAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFXhemaj1983" class="citation book cs1">Xhemaj, Ukë (1983). "Zjarri në besimet popullore shqiptare" [The Fire in Albanian Folk Beliefs]. In Mark Krasniqi, Ukë Xhemaj (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=lGgKAQAAIAAJ"><i>Trashëgimia dhe tranformimi i kulturës popullore: materiala nga sesioni shkencor, mbajtur në Prishtinë më 7-8 shtator 1979</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Albanological_Institute_of_Prishtina" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanological Institute of Prishtina">Albanological Institute of Prishtina</a>. pp. 104–121.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Zjarri+n%C3%AB+besimet+popullore+shqiptare&rft.btitle=Trash%C3%ABgimia+dhe+tranformimi+i+kultur%C3%ABs+popullore%3A+materiala+nga+sesioni+shkencor%2C+mbajtur+n%C3%AB+Prishtin%C3%AB+m%C3%AB+7-8+shtator+1979&rft.pages=104-121&rft.pub=Albanological+Institute+of+Prishtina&rft.date=1983&rft.aulast=Xhemaj&rft.aufirst=Uk%C3%AB&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DlGgKAQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solar_deity&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Azize, Joseph (2005). <i>The Phoenician Solar Theology: an investigation into the Phoenician opinion of the sun found in Julian's Hymn to King Helios</i> (1st ed.). Piscataway, NJ: Gorgias Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-59333-210-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-59333-210-6"><bdi>1-59333-210-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Phoenician+Solar+Theology%3A+an+investigation+into+the+Phoenician+opinion+of+the+sun+found+in+Julian%27s+Hymn+to+King+Helios&rft.place=Piscataway%2C+NJ&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Gorgias+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=1-59333-210-6&rft.aulast=Azize&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Frazer, James G. (1926). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.515708/page/n473/mode/2up">"Chapter XII: The Worship of the Sun Among the Aryan Peoples of Antiquity"</a>. <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.515708"><i>The Worship of Nature</i></a></span>. London: Macmillan & Co.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+XII%3A+The+Worship+of+the+Sun+Among+the+Aryan+Peoples+of+Antiquity&rft.btitle=The+Worship+of+Nature&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Macmillan+%26+Co.&rft.date=1926&rft.aulast=Frazer&rft.aufirst=James+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fin.ernet.dli.2015.515708%2Fpage%2Fn473%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Hawkes, Jacquetta (1962). <i>Man and the Sun</i>. Gaithersburg, MD: SolPub Co.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Man+and+the+Sun&rft.place=Gaithersburg%2C+MD&rft.pub=SolPub+Co.&rft.date=1962&rft.aulast=Hawkes&rft.aufirst=Jacquetta&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Kaul, Flemming (1998). <i>Ships on Bronzes: a study in Bronze Age religion and iconography</i>. Copenhagen: National Museum of Denmark, Dept. of Danish Collections. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/87-89384-66-0" title="Special:BookSources/87-89384-66-0"><bdi>87-89384-66-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ships+on+Bronzes%3A+a+study+in+Bronze+Age+religion+and+iconography&rft.place=Copenhagen&rft.pub=National+Museum+of+Denmark%2C+Dept.+of+Danish+Collections&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=87-89384-66-0&rft.aulast=Kaul&rft.aufirst=Flemming&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">McCrickard, Janet E. (1990). <i>Eclipse of the Sun: an investigation into Sun and Moon myths</i>. Glastonbury, Somerset: Gothic Image. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-906362-13-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-906362-13-X"><bdi>0-906362-13-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Eclipse+of+the+Sun%3A+an+investigation+into+Sun+and+Moon+myths&rft.place=Glastonbury%2C+Somerset&rft.pub=Gothic+Image&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=0-906362-13-X&rft.aulast=McCrickard&rft.aufirst=Janet+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Monaghan, Patricia (1994). <i>O Mother Sun!: A New View of the Cosmic Feminine</i>. Freedom, CA: Crossing Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-89594-722-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-89594-722-6"><bdi>0-89594-722-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=O+Mother+Sun%21%3A+A+New+View+of+the+Cosmic+Feminine&rft.place=Freedom%2C+CA&rft.pub=Crossing+Press&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=0-89594-722-6&rft.aulast=Monaghan&rft.aufirst=Patricia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Olcott, William Tyler (2003) [1914]. <i>Sun Lore of All Ages: A Collection of Myths and Legends Concerning the Sun and Its Worship</i>. Adamant Media Corporation. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-543-96027-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-543-96027-7"><bdi>0-543-96027-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sun+Lore+of+All+Ages%3A+A+Collection+of+Myths+and+Legends+Concerning+the+Sun+and+Its+Worship&rft.pub=Adamant+Media+Corporation&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0-543-96027-7&rft.aulast=Olcott&rft.aufirst=William+Tyler&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Singh, Ranjan Kumar (2010). <i>Surya: the God and His Abode</i> (1st ed.). Patna, Bihar, India: Parijat. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-903561-7-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-903561-7-6"><bdi>978-81-903561-7-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Surya%3A+the+God+and+His+Abode&rft.place=Patna%2C+Bihar%2C+India&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Parijat&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-81-903561-7-6&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Ranjan+Kumar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Zhu, Tianshu (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.transoxiana.org/Eran/Articles/tianshu.html">"The Sun God and the Wind Deity at Kizil"</a>. In Compareti, Matteo; Raffetta, Paola; Scarcia, Gianroberto (eds.). <i>Ēran ud Anērān: Studies presented to Boris Ilich Marshak on the Occasion of His 70th Birthday</i>. Venice: Cafoscarina. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/88-7543-105-1" title="Special:BookSources/88-7543-105-1"><bdi>88-7543-105-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Sun+God+and+the+Wind+Deity+at+Kizil&rft.btitle=%C4%92ran+ud+An%C4%93r%C4%81n%3A+Studies+presented+to+Boris+Ilich+Marshak+on+the+Occasion+of+His+70th+Birthday&rft.place=Venice&rft.pub=Cafoscarina&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=88-7543-105-1&rft.aulast=Zhu&rft.aufirst=Tianshu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.transoxiana.org%2FEran%2FArticles%2Ftianshu.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASolar+deity" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solar_deity&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.solarnavigator.net/egyptian_sun_god_ra.htm">The Sun God Ra and Ancient Egypt</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="The_Sun" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:The_Sun" title="Template:The Sun"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:The_Sun" title="Template talk:The Sun"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:The_Sun" title="Special:EditPage/Template:The Sun"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="The_Sun" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Sun" title="Sun">The Sun</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_articles_related_to_the_Sun" title="List of articles related to the Sun">List</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Standard_solar_model" title="Standard solar model">Internal structure</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Solar_core" title="Solar core">Core</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radiation_zone" class="mw-redirect" title="Radiation zone">Radiation zone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tachocline" title="Tachocline">Tachocline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convection_zone" title="Convection zone">Convection zone</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Stellar_atmosphere" title="Stellar atmosphere">Atmosphere</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Photosphere" title="Photosphere">Photosphere</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Supergranulation" title="Supergranulation">Supergranulation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_granule" title="Solar granule">Granule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_facula" title="Solar facula">Faculae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunspot" title="Sunspot">Sunspot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ellerman_bomb" title="Ellerman bomb">Ellerman bomb</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Chromosphere" title="Chromosphere">Chromosphere</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Solar_plage" title="Solar plage">Plage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_spicule" title="Solar spicule">Spicule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moreton_wave" title="Moreton wave">Moreton wave</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Stellar_corona" title="Stellar corona">Corona</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Solar_transition_region" title="Solar transition region">Transition region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coronal_hole" title="Coronal hole">Coronal hole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coronal_loop" title="Coronal loop">Coronal loop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coronal_mass_ejection" title="Coronal mass ejection">Coronal mass ejection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanoflare" title="Nanoflare">Nanoflare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_prominence" title="Solar prominence">Prominence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmet_streamer" title="Helmet streamer">Helmet streamer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supra-arcade_downflows" title="Supra-arcade downflows">Supra-arcade downflows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfv%C3%A9n_surface" title="Alfvén surface">Alfvén surface</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_moss" title="Solar moss">Moss</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Solar_variation" class="mw-redirect" title="Solar variation">Variation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Solar_cycle" title="Solar cycle">Solar cycle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_solar_cycles" title="List of solar cycles">List of solar cycles</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Active_region" title="Active region">Active region</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_maximum" title="Solar maximum">Solar maximum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_minimum" title="Solar minimum">Solar minimum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunspot_number" title="Sunspot number">Sunspot number</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_wind" title="Solar wind">Solar wind</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Solar_wind_turbulence" title="Solar wind turbulence">Solar wind turbulence</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnetic_switchback" title="Magnetic switchback">Magnetic switchback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_flare" title="Solar flare">Flare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helioseismology" title="Helioseismology">Helioseismology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Heliosphere" title="Heliosphere">Heliosphere</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heliospheric_current_sheet" title="Heliospheric current sheet">Current sheet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heliosphere#Termination_shock" title="Heliosphere">Termination shock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heliosphere#Heliosheath" title="Heliosphere">Heliosheath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heliopause_(astronomy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Heliopause (astronomy)">Heliopause</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bow_shock" title="Bow shock">Bow shock</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Solar_eclipse" title="Solar eclipse">Eclipse</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eclipses_in_mythology_and_culture" title="Eclipses in mythology and culture">In mythology and culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_eclipse" title="Lunar eclipse">Lunar eclipse</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heliophysics" title="Heliophysics">Heliophysics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Sun_in_culture" title="The Sun in culture">In culture</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Solar deity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_solar_deities" title="List of solar deities">List</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_in_fiction" title="Sun in fiction">Sun in fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_activity" class="mw-redirect" title="Solar activity">Solar activity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_astronomy" class="mw-redirect" title="Solar astronomy">Solar astronomy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_dynamo" title="Solar dynamo">Solar dynamo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_energy" title="Solar energy">Solar energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_neutrino" title="Solar neutrino">Solar neutrino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_observation" title="Solar observation">Solar observation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_phenomena" title="Solar phenomena">Solar phenomena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_physics" title="Solar physics">Solar physics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_radio_emission" title="Solar radio emission">Solar radio emission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_System" title="Solar System">Solar System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_telescope" title="Solar telescope">Solar telescope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_time" title="Solar time">Solar time</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_climate" title="Space climate">Space climate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_weather" title="Space weather">Space weather</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standard_solar_model" title="Standard solar model">Standard solar model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star" title="Star">Star</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunlight" title="Sunlight">Sunlight radiation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Stellar_classification" title="Stellar classification">Spectral class</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/G-type_main-sequence_star" title="G-type main-sequence star">G-type main-sequence star</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Exploration</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Solar_observatory" class="mw-redirect" title="Solar observatory">Solar observatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_heliophysics_missions" title="List of heliophysics missions">List of heliophysics missions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Missions_to_the_Sun" title="Category:Missions to the Sun">Category:Missions to the Sun</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Sun" title="Category:Sun">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Lists_of_mythological_figures" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:List_of_mythological_figures_by_region" title="Template:List of mythological figures by region"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:List_of_mythological_figures_by_region" title="Template talk:List of mythological figures by region"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:List_of_mythological_figures_by_region" title="Special:EditPage/Template:List of mythological figures by region"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Lists_of_mythological_figures" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_deities" title="Lists of deities">Lists of mythological figures</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_deities_by_cultural_sphere" title="Lists of deities by cultural sphere">By geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_African_mythological_figures" class="mw-redirect" title="List of African mythological figures">African</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanian_folk_beliefs" class="mw-redirect" title="Albanian folk beliefs">Albanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_pre-Islamic_Arabian_deities" title="List of pre-Islamic Arabian deities">Arabian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_mythology#Pantheon" title="Armenian mythology">Armenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Australian_Aboriginal_mythological_figures" title="List of Australian Aboriginal mythological figures">Australian Aboriginal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Aztec_gods_and_supernatural_beings" title="List of Aztec gods and supernatural beings">Aztec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleo-Balkan_mythology" title="Paleo-Balkan mythology">Balkan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Basque_mythological_figures" title="List of Basque mythological figures">Basque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batak_mythology" title="Batak mythology">Batak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canaanite_religion#Deities" title="Canaanite religion">Canaanite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catalan_myths_and_legends" title="Catalan myths and legends">Catalan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_deities" title="Celtic deities">Celtic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Celtic_deities" title="List of Celtic deities">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choctaw_mythology" title="Choctaw mythology">Chahta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_gods_and_immortals" title="Chinese gods and immortals">Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Efik_mythology" title="Efik mythology">Efik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_deities" title="Ancient Egyptian deities">Egyptian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Egyptian_mythology_articles" title="Index of Egyptian mythology articles">Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Egyptian_deities" title="List of Egyptian deities">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elam#List_of_Elamite_gods" title="Elam">Elamite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_mythology#Estonian_mythological_and_literary_mythological_beings,_deities_and_legendary_heroes" title="Estonian mythology">Estonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Etruscan_mythological_figures" title="List of Etruscan mythological figures">Etruscan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_mythology#Heroes,_gods_and_spirits" title="Finnish mythology">Finnish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgian_mythology" title="Georgian mythology">Georgian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Germanic_deities" title="List of Germanic deities">Germanic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Anglo-Saxon_deities" title="List of Anglo-Saxon deities">Anglo-Saxon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Greek_mythological_figures" title="List of Greek mythological figures">Greek</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Mycenaean_deities" title="List of Mycenaean deities">Mycenaean</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guanches#System_of_beliefs" title="Guanches">Guanche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iroquois_mythology" title="Iroquois mythology">Haudenosaunee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_figures_in_the_Hawaiian_religion" title="List of figures in the Hawaiian religion">Hawaiian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebridean_mythology_and_folklore" title="Hebridean mythology and folklore">Hebridean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_religions" title="Indian religions">Indian-origin religions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_deities" title="Hindu deities">Hindu</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hindu_deities" title="List of Hindu deities">List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rigvedic_deities" title="Rigvedic deities">Rigvedic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddhist_deities" title="Buddhist deities">Buddhist</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Chinese_Buddhist_Pantheon" title="Template:Chinese Buddhist Pantheon">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Buddhist_pantheon" title="Japanese Buddhist pantheon">Japan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/God_in_Jainism" title="God in Jainism">Jain</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Tirthankaras" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Tirthankaras">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meitei_deities" class="mw-redirect" title="Meitei deities">Meitei</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_deities_in_Sanamahism" title="List of deities in Sanamahism">List</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hittite_mythology_and_religion#List_of_Hittite_deities" title="Hittite mythology and religion">Hittite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungarian_mythology" title="Hungarian mythology">Hungarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hurrian_deities" title="List of Hurrian deities">Hurrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Indonesian_deities" title="List of Indonesian deities">Indonesian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inuit_religion" title="Inuit religion">Inuit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Irish_mythological_figures" title="List of Irish mythological figures">Irish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Japanese_deities" title="List of Japanese deities">Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kassite_deities" title="Kassite deities">Kassite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komi_mythology" title="Komi mythology">Komi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_mythology" title="Korean mythology">Korean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Lakota_deities" title="List of Lakota deities">Lakota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Lithuanian_gods_and_mythological_figures" title="List of Lithuanian gods and mythological figures">Lithuanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_M%C4%81ori_deities" title="List of Māori deities">Māori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tahiti_and_Society_Islands_mythology" title="Tahiti and Society Islands mythology">Māʻohi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Maya_gods_and_supernatural_beings" title="List of Maya gods and supernatural beings">Maya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Mesopotamian_deities" title="List of Mesopotamian deities">Mesopotamian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micronesian_mythology" title="Micronesian mythology">Micronesian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creek_mythology" title="Creek mythology">Muskogee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nat_(deity)" title="Nat (deity)">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Native_American_deities" title="List of Native American deities">Native American</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Zapotec_deities" title="List of Zapotec deities">Zapotec</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ossetian_mythology" title="Ossetian mythology">Ossetian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Shahnameh_characters" title="List of Shahnameh characters">Persian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Philippine_mythological_figures" title="List of Philippine mythological figures">Philippine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pur%C3%A9pecha_deities" title="Purépecha deities">Purépecha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Roman_deities" title="List of Roman deities">Roman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A1mi_shamanism" title="Sámi shamanism">Sami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samoan_mythology" title="Samoan mythology">Samoan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Slavic_deities" title="List of Slavic deities">Slavic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Turkic_mythological_figures" title="List of Turkic mythological figures">Turkic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuvaluan_mythology" title="Tuvaluan mythology">Tuvaluan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Ugaritic_deities" title="List of Ugaritic deities">Ugaritic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vainakh_religion" title="Vainakh religion">Vainakh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Yoruba_deities" title="List of Yoruba deities">Yoruba</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_deities_by_classification" title="List of deities by classification">By association</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_agricultural_deities" title="List of agricultural deities">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_art_deities" title="List of art deities">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_beauty_deities" title="List of beauty deities">Beauty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaos_gods" title="Chaos gods">Chaos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dawn_deities" title="Dawn deities">Dawn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creator_deity" title="Creator deity">Creator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_death_deities" title="List of death deities">Death</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_earth_deities" title="List of earth deities">Earth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time_and_fate_deities" title="Time and fate deities">Fate and Time</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fertility_deities" title="List of fertility deities">Fertility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fire_deities" title="List of fire deities">Fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fortune_deities" title="List of fortune deities">Fortune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_health_deities" title="List of health deities">Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Household_deity" title="Household deity">Household</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_hunting_deities" title="List of hunting deities">Hunting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_of_the_gods" title="King of the gods">King of the gods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_knowledge_deities" title="List of knowledge deities">Knowledge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_light_deities" title="List of light deities">Light</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liminal_deity" title="Liminal deity">Liminal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_love_and_lust_deities" title="List of love and lust deities">Love and Lust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_deity" title="Lunar deity">Moon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lunar_deities" title="List of lunar deities">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_god" title="National god">Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_nature_deities" title="List of nature deities">Nature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_night_deities" title="List of night deities">Night</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychopomp" title="Psychopomp">Psychopomp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rain_deities" title="List of rain deities">Rain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dying-and-rising_deity" class="mw-redirect" title="Dying-and-rising deity">Resurrection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sky_deity" title="Sky deity">Sky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smithing_gods" title="Smithing gods">Smithing</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Sun</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_solar_deities" title="List of solar deities">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_thunder_gods" title="List of thunder gods">Thunder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tree_deities" title="List of tree deities">Tree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trickster" title="Trickster">Trickery</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_fictional_tricksters" title="List of fictional tricksters">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tutelary_deity" title="Tutelary deity">Tutelary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vegetation_deity" title="Vegetation deity">Vegetation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volcano_deity" title="Volcano deity">Volcano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_war_deities" title="List of war deities">War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_water_deities" title="List of water deities">Water</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weather_god" title="Weather god">Weather</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_wind_deities" title="List of wind deities">Wind</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Mythology" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Mythology">Portal</a></b></li> <li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Spirits" title="Category:Spirits">Category</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Thelema" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Thelema_series" title="Template:Thelema series"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Thelema_series" title="Template talk:Thelema series"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Thelema_series" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Thelema series"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Thelema" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Thelema" title="Thelema">Thelema</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A%E2%88%B4A%E2%88%B4" title="A∴A∴">A∴A∴</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecclesia_Gnostica_Catholica" title="Ecclesia Gnostica Catholica">Ecclesia Gnostica Catholica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fraternitas_Saturni" title="Fraternitas Saturni">Fraternitas Saturni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_magic#James_Lees" title="Ceremonial magic">O∴A∴A∴</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Source_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn" title="Open Source Order of the Golden Dawn">Open Source Order of the Golden Dawn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ordo_Templi_Orientis" title="Ordo Templi Orientis">Ordo Templi Orientis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_Ordo_Templi_Orientis" class="mw-redirect" title="Society Ordo Templi Orientis">Society Ordo Templi Orientis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thelemic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn" class="mw-redirect" title="Thelemic Order of the Golden Dawn">Thelemic Order of the Golden Dawn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Typhonian_Order" title="Typhonian Order">Typhonian Order</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Personalities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Thelemites" title="List of Thelemites">List of Thelemites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ankh-ef-en-Khonsu_i" title="Ankh-ef-en-Khonsu i">Ankh-af-na-khonsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleister_Crowley" title="Aleister Crowley">Aleister Crowley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Anger" title="Kenneth Anger">Kenneth Anger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Henry_Allan_Bennett" title="Charles Henry Allan Bennett">Allan Bennett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Breeze" title="William Breeze">William Breeze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Butts" title="Mary Butts">Mary Butts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marjorie_Cameron" title="Marjorie Cameron">Marjorie Cameron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lon_Milo_DuQuette" title="Lon Milo DuQuette">Lon Milo DuQuette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeanne_Robert_Foster" title="Jeanne Robert Foster">Jeanne Robert Foster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._F._C._Fuller" title="J. F. C. Fuller">J. F. C. Fuller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Germer" title="Karl Germer">Karl Germer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Grant" title="Kenneth Grant">Kenneth Grant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_Frieda_Harris" title="Lady Frieda Harris">Lady Frieda Harris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leah_Hirsig" title="Leah Hirsig">Leah Hirsig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Hyatt" title="Christopher Hyatt">Christopher Hyatt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Stansfeld_Jones" title="Charles Stansfeld Jones">Charles Stansfeld Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Cecil_Jones" title="George Cecil Jones">George Cecil Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Kaczynski" title="Richard Kaczynski">Richard Kaczynski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose_Edith_Kelly" title="Rose Edith Kelly">Rose Edith Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_magic#James_Lees" title="Ceremonial magic">James Lees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grady_Louis_McMurtry" title="Grady Louis McMurtry">Grady Louis McMurtry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mogg_Morgan" class="mw-redirect" title="Mogg Morgan">Mogg Morgan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcelo_Ramos_Motta" title="Marcelo Ramos Motta">Marcelo Ramos Motta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nema_Andahadna" title="Nema Andahadna">Nema Andahadna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Neuburg_(poet)" title="Victor Neuburg (poet)">Victor Neuburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sara_Northrup_Hollister" title="Sara Northrup Hollister">Sara Northrup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Parsons" title="Jack Parsons">Jack Parsons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Parsons_Smith" title="Helen Parsons Smith">Helen Parsons Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodor_Reuss" title="Theodor Reuss">Theodor Reuss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._F._Russell" title="C. F. Russell">C. F. Russell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phyllis_Seckler" title="Phyllis Seckler">Phyllis Seckler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilfred_Talbot_Smith" title="Wilfred Talbot Smith">Wilfred Talbot Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leila_Waddell" title="Leila Waddell">Leila Waddell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Wasserman" title="James Wasserman">James Wasserman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sam_Webster_(writer)" title="Sam Webster (writer)">Sam Webster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Wolfe" title="Jane Wolfe">Jane Wolfe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Thelemic_texts" title="Category:Thelemic texts">Thelemic texts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aleister_Crowley_bibliography" title="Aleister Crowley bibliography">Aleister Crowley bibliography</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Book_of_Lies_(Crowley)" title="The Book of Lies (Crowley)">The Book of Lies</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Book_of_the_Law" title="The Book of the Law"><i>The Book of the Law</i> (<i>Liber AL vel Legis</i>)</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Book_of_Thoth" title="The Book of Thoth">The Book of Thoth</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Clouds_without_Water" title="Clouds without Water">Clouds without Water</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Collected_Works_of_Aleister_Crowley" title="Collected Works of Aleister Crowley">Collected Works</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Confessions_of_Aleister_Crowley" title="The Confessions of Aleister Crowley">Confessions</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Diary_of_a_Drug_Fiend" title="The Diary of a Drug Fiend">The Diary of a Drug Fiend</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Eight_Lectures_on_Yoga" title="Eight Lectures on Yoga">Eight Lectures on Yoga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Equinox" title="The Equinox">The Equinox</a></i> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Blue_Equinox" title="The Blue Equinox">The Blue Equinox</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Equinox_of_the_Gods" title="The Equinox of the Gods">The Equinox of the Gods</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Holy_Books_of_Thelema" title="The Holy Books of Thelema">The Holy Books of Thelema</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Konx_Om_Pax" title="Konx Om Pax">Konx Om Pax</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Law_is_for_All" title="The Law is for All">The Law is for All</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/777_and_Other_Qabalistic_Writings_of_Aleister_Crowley" title="777 and Other Qabalistic Writings of Aleister Crowley">Liber 777</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Liber_Aleph" class="mw-redirect" title="Liber Aleph">Liber Aleph</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Liber_OZ" title="Liber OZ">Liber OZ</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Liber_Resh" class="mw-redirect" title="Liber Resh">Liber Resh</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Liber_Trigrammaton" title="Liber Trigrammaton">Liber Trigrammaton</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Little_Essays_Toward_Truth" title="Little Essays Toward Truth">Little Essays Toward Truth</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Magick_(Book_4)" title="Magick (Book 4)">Magick (Book 4)</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Magick_Without_Tears" title="Magick Without Tears">Magick Without Tears</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Moonchild_(novel)" title="Moonchild (novel)">Moonchild</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/One_Star_in_Sight" title="One Star in Sight">One Star in Sight</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Stratagem_and_other_Stories" title="The Stratagem and other Stories">The Stratagem and other Stories</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thoth_Tarot" title="Thoth Tarot">Thoth Tarot</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Vision_and_the_Voice" title="The Vision and the Voice">The Vision and the Voice</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/White_Stains" title="White Stains">White Stains</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concepts and ideas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thelema#93" title="Thelema">93</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abyss_(Thelema)" title="Abyss (Thelema)">Abyss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aeon_(Thelema)" title="Aeon (Thelema)">Aeon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agape" title="Agape">Agape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astral_projection" title="Astral projection">Astral projection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Body_of_light" title="Body of light">Body of light</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Qaballa" title="English Qaballa">English Qaballa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Work_(Thelema)" title="Great Work (Thelema)">Great Work</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermetic_Qabalah" title="Hermetic Qabalah">Hermetic Qabalah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guardian_angel#Thelema" title="Guardian angel">Holy Guardian Angel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magical_formula" title="Magical formula">Magical formula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Night_of_Pan" title="Night of Pan">Night of Pan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stele_of_Ankh-ef-en-Khonsu" title="Stele of Ankh-ef-en-Khonsu">Stele of Revealing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worship_of_heavenly_bodies" title="Worship of heavenly bodies">Stellar wisdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/True_Will" title="True Will">True Will</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Magick</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abrahadabra" title="Abrahadabra">Abrahadabra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_magic" title="Ceremonial magic">Ceremonial magic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enochian_magic" title="Enochian magic">Enochian magic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eroto-comatose_lucidity" title="Eroto-comatose lucidity">Eroto-comatose lucidity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorcery_(goetia)" title="Sorcery (goetia)">Goetia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obeah_and_wanga" class="mw-redirect" title="Obeah and wanga">Obeah and wanga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sex_magic" title="Sex magic">Sex magic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ceremony and ritual</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liber_Resh_vel_Helios" title="Liber Resh vel Helios">Liber Resh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentagram_ritual" class="mw-redirect" title="Pentagram ritual">Pentagram Ritual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bornless_Ritual" title="Bornless Ritual">Bornless Ritual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liber_XV,_The_Gnostic_Mass" title="Liber XV, The Gnostic Mass">Gnostic Mass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rites_of_Eleusis" title="Rites of Eleusis">Rites of Eleusis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Godforms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nuit" title="Nuit">Nuit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hadit" title="Hadit">Hadit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heru-ra-ha" title="Heru-ra-ha">Heru-ra-ha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aiwass" title="Aiwass">Aiwass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Therion_(Thelema)" title="Therion (Thelema)">Therion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babalon" title="Babalon">Babalon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaos_(cosmogony)#Greco-Roman_tradition" title="Chaos (cosmogony)">Chaos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maat" title="Maat">Ma'at</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harpocrates" title="Harpocrates">Harpocrates</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Symbolism</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Number_of_the_beast" title="Number of the beast">Number of the beast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentagram" title="Pentagram">Pentagram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose_Cross" title="Rose Cross">Rose Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tree_of_life_(Kabbalah)" title="Tree of life (Kabbalah)">Tree of Life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unicursal_hexagram" title="Unicursal hexagram">Unicursal hexagram</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abbey_of_Thelema" title="Abbey of Thelema">Abbey of Thelema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abramelin_oil" class="mw-redirect" title="Abramelin oil">Abramelin oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agape_Lodge" title="Agape Lodge">Agape Lodge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boleskine_House" title="Boleskine House">Boleskine House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Book_of_Abramelin" title="The Book of Abramelin">Book of Abramelin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cake_of_Light" title="Cake of Light">Cake of Light</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choronzon" title="Choronzon">Choronzon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dianism" title="Dianism">Dianism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermetic_Order_of_the_Golden_Dawn" title="Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn">Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IPSOS" title="IPSOS">IPSOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magical_alphabet" title="Magical alphabet">Magical alphabet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magical_organization" title="Magical organization">Magical organization</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Solar deity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solar_Lodge" title="Solar Lodge">Solar Lodge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beast_(Revelation)" title="The Beast (Revelation)">The Beast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whore_of_Babylon" title="Whore of Babylon">Whore of Babylon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q511056#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4430525-4">Germany</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Solar_deity&oldid=1258837305">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Solar_deity&oldid=1258837305</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Solar_deities" title="Category:Solar deities">Solar deities</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Solar_gods" title="Category:Solar gods">Solar gods</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Solar_goddesses" title="Category:Solar goddesses">Solar goddesses</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Comparative_mythology" title="Category:Comparative mythology">Comparative mythology</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mythological_archetypes" title="Category:Mythological archetypes">Mythological archetypes</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_the_WikiHiero_extension" title="Category:Pages using the WikiHiero extension">Pages using the WikiHiero extension</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">CS1 maint: location missing publisher</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Spanish-language_sources_(es)" title="Category:CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)">CS1 Spanish-language sources (es)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_incorporating_a_citation_from_the_1913_Catholic_Encyclopedia_with_Wikisource_reference" title="Category:Articles incorporating a citation from the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia with Wikisource reference">Articles incorporating a citation from the 1913 Catholic Encyclopedia with Wikisource reference</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_April_2020" title="Category:Use dmy dates from April 2020">Use dmy dates from April 2020</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_lacking_reliable_references_from_September_2021" title="Category:Articles lacking reliable references from September 2021">Articles lacking reliable references from September 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_lacking_reliable_references" title="Category:All articles lacking reliable references">All articles lacking reliable references</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_September_2021" title="Category:Articles needing additional references from September 2021">Articles needing additional references from September 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_additional_references" title="Category:All articles needing additional references">All articles needing additional references</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_multiple_maintenance_issues" title="Category:Articles with multiple maintenance issues">Articles with multiple maintenance issues</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_multiple_image_with_auto_scaled_images" title="Category:Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images">Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_October_2021" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from October 2021">Articles with unsourced statements from October 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Albanian-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Albanian-language text">Articles containing Albanian-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_July_2020" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from July 2020">Articles with unsourced statements from July 2020</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_with_Old_English_IPA" title="Category:Pages with Old English IPA">Pages with Old English IPA</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_May_2022" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from May 2022">Articles with unsourced statements from May 2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_text_in_Nahuatl_languages" title="Category:Articles with text in Nahuatl languages">Articles with text in Nahuatl languages</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_January_2021" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from January 2021">Articles with unsourced statements from January 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Albanian-language_sources_(sq)" title="Category:CS1 Albanian-language sources (sq)">CS1 Albanian-language sources (sq)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Italian-language_sources_(it)" title="Category:CS1 Italian-language sources (it)">CS1 Italian-language sources (it)</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 21 November 2024, at 22:19<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Solar_deity&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-7fc47fc68d-sc7h8","wgBackendResponseTime":152,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.742","walltime":"2.056","ppvisitednodes":{"value":12104,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":334050,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":16623,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":16,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":29,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":463251,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1756.337 1 -total"," 35.64% 625.935 2 Template:Reflist"," 24.21% 425.247 71 Template:Cite_book"," 8.77% 154.112 4 Template:Navbox"," 8.22% 144.379 1 Template:The_Sun"," 7.48% 131.332 26 Template:Cite_web"," 5.77% 101.347 2 Template:Langx"," 5.65% 99.165 13 Template:Sfnp"," 4.43% 77.891 17 Template:Cite_journal"," 4.39% 77.044 1 Template:Multiple_issues"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"1.092","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":25035461,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"anchor_id_list = table#1 {\n [\"CITEREFAcharya_S/D.M._Murdock2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAsanteMazama2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAssman2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFAysif2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBaines2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBeare1964\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBiblioteca_Porrúa._Imprenta_del_Museo_Nacional_de_Arqueología,_Historia_y_Etnología1905\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBien2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBoettiger1918\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBrahaj2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCahill2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCalvert2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCarrol1985\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCollins2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCook1964\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCrowley1976\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCrowley1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDaum1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDeclercq2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDobruna-Salihu2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDoja2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDuQuette2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDurham1928a\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDurham1928b\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFDushi2020\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEditors_of_Encyclopedia_Britannica\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFEgro2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFElie\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFElsie\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFElsie1994\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFElsie2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFeldmanSauvage2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFobbe,_SeanNavrouzov,_NatiaHopper,_KristenKhudida_Burjus,_Ahmed2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFrankfort2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGalatyLafeLeeTafilica2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGarrowWilkin2022\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGill2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGillispie1960\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGjoni2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGolan1991\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGolan2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFGonzález-Garcia2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHamilton\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFHerouni2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHijmans2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFHysi2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFJain_ChanchreekK.L._ChanchreekM.K._Jain2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKaczynski2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKamrin2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKemp2000\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKockel2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKreyenbroek1995\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKristiansen2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKuhn1996\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLahelma2017\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLelaj2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLuyaluka2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMacCulloch2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMacKillop1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMartindale1913\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMassetti2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMcKnight2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMcVeigh2016\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMeller2021\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMeller2022\"] = 2,\n [\"CITEREFMinster2019\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMonaghan2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMurad1993\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMurraConradDemarest1985–2009\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMurray-Aynsley1891\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFNeziri2015\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFO\u0026#039;Gorman1993\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPanchenko2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFPoghirc1987\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFQafleshi2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSchirò1923\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFShuteriqi1959\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSick2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSiliottiHawass1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSilverman1997\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSmith1952\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSokoli2013\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFStipčević1974\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTeeter2011\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTester1999\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTirta2004\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTreimer1971\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWachsmann2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWaddell2012\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWaddell2014\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWaddell2022\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWaldek2018\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWebb2001\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWeitzmann1979\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWest2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFWilliam_Ridgeway1915\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFX.2003\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFXhemaj1983\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"!\"] = 1,\n [\"'\"] = 2,\n [\"Authority control\"] = 1,\n [\"Bibleverse\"] = 2,\n [\"Blockquote\"] = 1,\n [\"Circa\"] = 9,\n [\"Citation\"] = 3,\n [\"Citation needed\"] = 5,\n [\"Cite AV media\"] = 3,\n [\"Cite Catholic Encyclopedia\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 71,\n [\"Cite journal\"] = 17,\n [\"Cite news\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite report\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite thesis\"] = 3,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 26,\n [\"DEFAULTSORT:Solar Deity\"] = 1,\n [\"Div col\"] = 1,\n [\"Div col end\"] = 1,\n [\"Efn\"] = 1,\n [\"Further\"] = 1,\n [\"Harvnb\"] = 43,\n [\"Hiero\"] = 1,\n [\"IPA-ang\"] = 1,\n [\"ISBN\"] = 4,\n [\"Lang\"] = 2,\n [\"Langx\"] = 2,\n [\"List of mythological figures by region\"] = 1,\n [\"Main\"] = 3,\n [\"More citations needed\"] = 1,\n [\"Multiple image\"] = 1,\n [\"Multiple issues\"] = 1,\n [\"Notelist\"] = 1,\n [\"Poem quote\"] = 1,\n [\"Redirect-multi\"] = 1,\n [\"Redirect2\"] = 1,\n [\"Refbegin\"] = 2,\n [\"Refend\"] = 2,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"See also\"] = 1,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 7,\n [\"Sfnmp\"] = 1,\n [\"Sfnp\"] = 13,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n [\"The Sun\"] = 1,\n [\"Thelema series\"] = 1,\n [\"Unreliable source?\"] = 1,\n [\"Unreliable sources\"] = 1,\n [\"Use dmy dates\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\n","limitreport-profile":[["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::callParserFunction","240","21.4"],["dataWrapper \u003Cmw.lua:672\u003E","160","14.3"],["?","120","10.7"],["recursiveClone \u003CmwInit.lua:45\u003E","80","7.1"],["\u003Cmw.lua:694\u003E","60","5.4"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::gsub","60","5.4"],["type","60","5.4"],["gsub","60","5.4"],["MediaWiki\\Extension\\Scribunto\\Engines\\LuaSandbox\\LuaSandboxCallback::len","40","3.6"],["init \u003CModule:Lang/data/iana_languages\u003E","40","3.6"],["[others]","200","17.9"]]},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-7fc47fc68d-qrlzg","timestamp":"20241128193212","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Solar deity","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Solar_deity","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q511056","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q511056","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2001-07-27T18:38:38Z","dateModified":"2024-11-21T22:19:24Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/e\/e7\/Maler_der_Grabkammer_der_Nefertari_001.jpg","headline":"sky deity who represents the Sun"}</script> </body> </html>