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<span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Early_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Early history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Russian_Empire" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Russian_Empire"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Russian Empire</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Russian_Empire-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-20th-century_wars" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#20th-century_wars"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>20th-century wars</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-20th-century_wars-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ukraine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ukraine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Ukraine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ukraine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Russian_annexation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Russian_annexation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Russian annexation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Russian_annexation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Location" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Location"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Location</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Location-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politics_and_administrative_divisions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politics_and_administrative_divisions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Politics and administrative divisions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Politics_and_administrative_divisions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Transportation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Economy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Economy subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Industry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Industry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Industry</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Industry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Sports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Houses_of_worship" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Houses_of_worship"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Houses of worship</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Houses_of_worship-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Notable people subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.1</span> <span>Sport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_relations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_relations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>International relations</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-International_relations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle International relations subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-International_relations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Twin_towns_–_Sister_cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Twin_towns_–_Sister_cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.1</span> <span>Twin towns – Sister cities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Twin_towns_–_Sister_cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Simferopol</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 104 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-104" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">104 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simferopol" title="Simferopol – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Simferopol" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sympheropolis" title="Sympheropolis – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Sympheropolis" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84" title="سيمفروبول – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سيمفروبول" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simfer%C3%B3pol" title="Simferópol – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Simferópol" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simferopol" title="Simferopol – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Simferopol" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%85%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%84" title="سیمفروپول – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="سیمفروپول" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D2%A1%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Аҡмесджит – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Аҡмесджит" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Сімферопаль – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Сімферопаль" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%84%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Сімфэропаль – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Сімфэропаль" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Симферопол – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Симферопол" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simferopol" title="Simferopol – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Simferopol" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simferopol" title="Simferopol – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Simferopol" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simfer%C3%B2pol" title="Simferòpol – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Simferòpol" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simferopol" title="Simferopol – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Simferopol" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simferopol" title="Simferopol – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Simferopol" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simferopol" title="Simferopol – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Simferopol" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simferopol" title="Simferopol – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Simferopol" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simferopol" title="Simferopol – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Simferopol" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simferopol" title="Simferopol – Lower Sorbian" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Simferopol" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Lower Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simferopol" title="Simferopol – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Simferopol" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CF%85%CE%BC%CF%86%CE%B5%CF%81%CF%8C%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B7" title="Συμφερόπολη – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Συμφερόπολη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%BE%D1%88" title="Симферополь ош – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Симферополь ош" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simfer%C3%B3pol" title="Simferópol – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Simferópol" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simferopolo" title="Simferopolo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Simferopolo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simferopol" title="Simferopol – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Simferopol" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%85%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%84" title="سیمفروپول – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سیمفروپول" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simferopol" title="Simferopol – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Simferopol" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simferopol" title="Simferopol – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Simferopol" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simfer%C3%B3pol" title="Simferópol – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Simferópol" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8D%83%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8C%BC%F0%90%8D%86%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8D%82%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8D%80%F0%90%8D%89%F0%90%8C%BB" title="𐍃𐌹𐌼𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌰𐌿𐍀𐍉𐌻 – Gothic" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐍃𐌹𐌼𐍆𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌰𐌿𐍀𐍉𐌻" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gothic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8B%AC%ED%8E%98%EB%A1%9C%ED%8F%B4" title="심페로폴 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="심페로폴" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%AB%D5%B4%D6%86%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%B8%D5%BA%D5%B8%D5%AC" title="Սիմֆերոպոլ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սիմֆերոպոլ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simferopol" title="Simferopol – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Simferopol" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simferopolj" title="Simferopolj – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Simferopolj" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simferopol" title="Simferopol – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Simferopol" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simferopol" title="Simferopol – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Simferopol" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Симферополь – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Симферополь" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%ADmferopol" title="Símferopol – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Símferopol" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinferopoli" title="Sinferopoli – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Sinferopoli" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%9C" title="סימפרופול – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סימפרופול" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A4%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="სიმფეროპოლი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სიმფეროპოლი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D2%9B%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%88%D1%96%D1%82_(%D2%9A%D1%8B%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BC)" title="Ақмешіт (Қырым) – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ақмешіт (Қырым)" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simferopol" title="Simferopol – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Simferopol" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Симферополь – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Симферополь" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Акмечит – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Акмечит" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simferopol" title="Simferopol – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Simferopol" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sympheropolis" title="Sympheropolis – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Sympheropolis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simferopole" title="Simferopole – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Simferopole" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simferopolis" title="Simferopolis – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Simferopolis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Szimferopol" title="Szimferopol – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Szimferopol" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB" title="Симферопол – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Симферопол" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simferopol" title="Simferopol – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Simferopol" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%AB%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8B%E0%B5%BE" title="സിംഫെറോപോൾ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സിംഫെറോപോൾ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2" title="सिंफेरोपोल – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="सिंफेरोपोल" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A4%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="სიმფეროპოლი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="სიმფეროპოლი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84" title="سيمفربول – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="سيمفربول" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simferopol" title="Simferopol – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Simferopol" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%84%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Симфэрополь – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Симфэрополь" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Симферополь – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Симферополь" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simferopol" title="Simferopol – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Simferopol" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B7%E3%83%B3%E3%83%95%E3%82%A7%E3%83%AD%E3%83%9D%E3%83%AA" title="シンフェロポリ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="シンフェロポリ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Симферополь – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Симферополь" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simferopol" title="Simferopol – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Simferopol" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simferopol" title="Simferopol – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Simferopol" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simferopol" title="Simferopol – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Simferopol" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinfer%C3%B2pol" title="Sinferòpol – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Sinferòpol" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Симферополь – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Симферополь" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oqmasjid_(Qrim)" title="Oqmasjid (Qrim) – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Oqmasjid (Qrim)" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%84" title="سمفروپول – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سمفروپول" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%84" title="سمفروپول – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="سمفروپول" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symferopol" title="Symferopol – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Symferopol" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CF%85%CE%BC%CF%86%CE%B5%CF%81%CF%8C%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B7" title="Συμφερόπολη – Pontic" lang="pnt" hreflang="pnt" data-title="Συμφερόπολη" data-language-autonym="Ποντιακά" data-language-local-name="Pontic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ποντιακά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simferopol" title="Simferopol – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Simferopol" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aqmescit" title="Aqmescit – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Aqmescit" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simferopol" title="Simferopol – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Simferopol" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Сімферополь – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Сімферополь" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Симферополь – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Симферополь" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Симферополь – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Симферополь" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simferopol" title="Simferopol – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Simferopol" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simferopoli" title="Simferopoli – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Simferopoli" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simferopol" title="Simferopol – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Simferopol" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simferopo%C4%BE" title="Simferopoľ – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Simferopoľ" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simferopol" title="Simferopol – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Simferopol" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Symferopol" title="Symferopol – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Symferopol" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%99" title="Симферопољ – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Симферопољ" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simferopolj" title="Simferopolj – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Simferopolj" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simferopol" title="Simferopol – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Simferopol" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simferopol" title="Simferopol – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Simferopol" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%83%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="சிம்ஃபெரோப்போல் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சிம்ஃபெரோப்போல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D0%BC%D3%99%D1%81%D2%97%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Акмәсҗит – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Акмәсҗит" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9F%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5" title="ซิมเฟโรปอล – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ซิมเฟโรปอล" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akmescit" title="Akmescit – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Akmescit" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Симферополь – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Симферополь" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Сімферополь – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Сімферополь" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%84" title="سمفروپول – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سمفروپول" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simferopol%27" title="Simferopol' – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Simferopol'" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simferopol" title="Simferopol – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Simferopol" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simferopol" title="Simferopol – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Simferopol" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simferopol" title="Simferopol – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Simferopol" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BE%9B%E8%8F%B2%E7%BD%97%E6%B3%A2%E5%B0%94" title="辛菲罗波尔 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="辛菲罗波尔" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BE%9B%E8%8F%B2%E6%B4%9B%E6%99%AE" title="辛菲洛普 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="辛菲洛普" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simferopol" title="Simferopol – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Simferopol" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%BE%9B%E8%8F%B2%E7%BD%97%E6%B3%A2%E5%B0%94" title="辛菲罗波尔 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="辛菲罗波尔" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simferopol" title="Simferopol – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Simferopol" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q19566#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li 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.geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Simferopol&params=44_57_7_N_34_6_8_E_region:UA_type:city(332317)"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">44°57′7″N</span> <span class="longitude">34°6′8″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">44.95194°N 34.10222°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">44.95194; 34.10222</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> <div id="mw-indicator-pp-default" 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on the Crimean Peninsula</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><div class="multiple-issues-text mw-collapsible"><b>This article has multiple issues.</b> Please help <b><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Simferopol" title="Special:EditPage/Simferopol">improve it</a></b> or discuss these issues on the <b><a href="/wiki/Talk:Simferopol" title="Talk:Simferopol">talk page</a></b>. <small><i>(<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove these messages</a>)</i></small> <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444" /><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Simferopol" title="Special:EditPage/Simferopol">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Simferopol%22">"Simferopol"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Simferopol%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Simferopol%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Simferopol%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Simferopol%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Simferopol%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">June 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444" /><table class="box-Missing_information plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/44px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="44" height="44" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/66px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/88px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>is missing information</b> about Russo-Ukrainian war.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please expand the article <span class="extendedconfirmed-show">to include this information</span><span class="nonextendedconfirmed-show"><span class="sysop-show">to include this information or </span><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Talk%3ASimferopol&preload=Template%3ASubmit+an+edit+request%2Fpreload&action=edit&section=new&editintro=Template%3AEdit+extended-protected%2Feditintro&preloadtitle=Extended-confirmed-protected+edit+request+on+31+March+2025&preloadparams%5B%5D=edit+extended-protected&preloadparams%5B%5D=Simferopol">by making an edit request</a></span></span>. Further details may exist on the <a href="/wiki/Talk:Simferopol" title="Talk:Simferopol">talk page</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2024</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">City in Crimea, Ukraine</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night 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.ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Simferopol</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-native"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="Ukrainian-language text"><span lang="uk">Сімферополь</span></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_language" title="Ukrainian language">Ukrainian</a>)</span></li><li><span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Симферополь</span></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>)</span></li><li><span title="Crimean Tatar-language text"><i lang="crh">Aqmescit</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Crimean_Tatar_language" title="Crimean Tatar language">Crimean Tatar</a>)</span></li><li><span title="Crimean Tatar-language text"><span lang="crh">Акъмесджит</span></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Crimean_Tatar_language" title="Crimean Tatar language">Crimean Tatar</a>)</span></li></ul></div></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category">City</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_language" title="Ukrainian language">Ukrainian</a> transcription(s)</th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Ukrainian" title="Romanization of Ukrainian">National</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Simferopol</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/ALA-LC_romanization" title="ALA-LC romanization">ALA-LC</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Simferopol′</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/BGN/PCGN_romanization" title="BGN/PCGN romanization">BGN/PCGN</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Simferopol’</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Scientific_transliteration_of_Cyrillic" title="Scientific transliteration of Cyrillic">Scholarly</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Simferopol′</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/01-101-0175_%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BB._%D0%9A%D1%83%D1%80%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%2C_4.JPG/132px-01-101-0175_%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BB._%D0%9A%D1%83%D1%80%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%2C_4.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/01-101-0175_%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BB._%D0%9A%D1%83%D1%80%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%2C_4.JPG/176px-01-101-0175_%D0%B2%D1%83%D0%BB._%D0%9A%D1%83%D1%80%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%2C_4.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2736" data-file-height="3648" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:83px;max-width:83px"><div style="height:122px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2022._%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80_DSC_2096.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/2022._%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80_DSC_2096.jpg/120px-2022._%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80_DSC_2096.jpg" decoding="async" width="81" height="122" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/2022._%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80_DSC_2096.jpg/250px-2022._%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80_DSC_2096.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="4928" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:185px;max-width:185px"><div style="height:122px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Simferopol_04-14_img06_University.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Simferopol_04-14_img06_University.jpg/250px-Simferopol_04-14_img06_University.jpg" decoding="async" width="183" height="122" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Simferopol_04-14_img06_University.jpg/330px-Simferopol_04-14_img06_University.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Simferopol_04-14_img06_University.jpg/500px-Simferopol_04-14_img06_University.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3430" data-file-height="2287" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:270px;max-width:270px"><div style="height:178px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Simferopol._Pedestrian_street_in_the_city_center_(Karl_Marx_St.).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Simferopol._Pedestrian_street_in_the_city_center_%28Karl_Marx_St.%29.jpg/268px-Simferopol._Pedestrian_street_in_the_city_center_%28Karl_Marx_St.%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="268" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Simferopol._Pedestrian_street_in_the_city_center_%28Karl_Marx_St.%29.jpg/402px-Simferopol._Pedestrian_street_in_the_city_center_%28Karl_Marx_St.%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Simferopol._Pedestrian_street_in_the_city_center_%28Karl_Marx_St.%29.jpg/536px-Simferopol._Pedestrian_street_in_the_city_center_%28Karl_Marx_St.%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3445" /></a></span></div></div></div></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-caption">The <a href="/wiki/Simferopol_railway_station" title="Simferopol railway station">railway station</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Crimean_Academic_Russian_Drama_Theater_named_after_Maxim_Gorky&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Crimean Academic Russian Drama Theater named after Maxim Gorky (page does not exist)">Academic Drama Theater</a>, Salgirka Park, <a href="/wiki/Kebir-Jami_Mosque,_Simferopol" class="mw-redirect" title="Kebir-Jami Mosque, Simferopol">Kebir-Jami</a>, Trinity Cathedral, the <a href="/wiki/Crimea_State_Medical_University_named_after_S._I._Georgievsky" class="mw-redirect" title="Crimea State Medical University named after S. I. Georgievsky">State Medical University</a>, Karl Marx Street</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Simferopol_flag.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Simferopol"><img alt="Flag of Simferopol" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Simferopol_flag.svg/120px-Simferopol_flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="66" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Simferopol_flag.svg/250px-Simferopol_flag.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="851" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Flag</div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:COA_Simferopol.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Simferopol"><img alt="Coat of arms of Simferopol" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/COA_Simferopol.svg/110px-COA_Simferopol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/COA_Simferopol.svg/165px-COA_Simferopol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/COA_Simferopol.svg/220px-COA_Simferopol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="750" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Coat of arms</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Nickname(s): <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname"><span title="Russian-language text"><span lang="ru">Город пользы</span></span><span class="nowrap">  </span><span class="languageicon">(in Russian)</span><br /><i>The City of Usefulness</i><span class="nowrap">  </span>(translation)</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ukraine_administrative_locations_map,_improved.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Simferopol is located in Ukraine"><img alt="Simferopol is located in Ukraine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Ukraine_administrative_locations_map%2C_improved.svg/250px-Ukraine_administrative_locations_map%2C_improved.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Ukraine_administrative_locations_map%2C_improved.svg/500px-Ukraine_administrative_locations_map%2C_improved.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="3780" data-file-height="2540" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:90.094%;left:65.637%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Simferopol"><img alt="Simferopol" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Simferopol</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Ukraine</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738" /><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Outline_Map_of_Crimea_(disputed_status).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Simferopol is located in Crimea"><img alt="Simferopol is located in Crimea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Outline_Map_of_Crimea_%28disputed_status%29.svg/250px-Outline_Map_of_Crimea_%28disputed_status%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Outline_Map_of_Crimea_%28disputed_status%29.svg/500px-Outline_Map_of_Crimea_%28disputed_status%29.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="678" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:64.193%;left:38.687%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Simferopol"><img alt="Simferopol" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Simferopol</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Crimea</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Simferopol&params=44_57_7_N_34_6_8_E_region:UA_type:city(332317)"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">44°57′7″N</span> <span class="longitude">34°6′8″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">44.95194°N 34.10222°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">44.95194; 34.10222</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a> (occupied by <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_republic" title="Autonomous republic">Autonomous republic</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Republic_of_Crimea" title="Autonomous Republic of Crimea">Crimea</a> (<i>de jure</i>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Raions_of_Ukraine" title="Raions of Ukraine">Raion</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Simferopol_Raion" title="Simferopol Raion">Simferopol Raion</a> (<i>de jure</i>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Federal_subjects_of_Russia" title="Federal subjects of Russia">Federal subject</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Crimea_(Russia)" title="Republic of Crimea (Russia)">Crimea</a> (<i>de facto</i>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Municipality" title="Municipality">Municipality</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Simferopol_Municipality" title="Simferopol Municipality">Simferopol Municipality</a> (<i>de facto</i>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded<sup><small>2</small></sup></th><td class="infobox-data">15<sup><small>th</small></sup> century</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Boroughs</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>List</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Zaliznychnyi District</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Tsentralnyi District</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Kyivskyi District</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"> (<a href="/wiki/De_facto" title="De facto">de facto</a>)</div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Head</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Afanasev" title="Mikhail Afanasev">Mikhail Afanasev</a> (de facto)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">107 km<sup>2</sup> (41 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">350 m (1,150 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2014)</div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">332,317</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">3,183.17/km<sup>2</sup> (8,244.4/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Simferopolitan</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B3" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+3">UTC+3</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Postal code</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">295000—295490</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbering_plan" title="Telephone numbering plan">Area code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">+7 3652</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Licence_plate" class="mw-redirect" title="Licence plate">Licence plate</a></th><td class="infobox-data">AK(UA) 82(Rus)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Town_twinning" class="mw-redirect" title="Town twinning">Sister cities</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Heidelberg" title="Heidelberg">Heidelberg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kecskem%C3%A9t" title="Kecskemét">Kecskemét</a>, <a href="/wiki/Salem,_Massachusetts" title="Salem, Massachusetts">Salem</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa">Bursa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eski%C5%9Fehir" title="Eskişehir">Eskişehir</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ruse,_Bulgaria" title="Ruse, Bulgaria">Ruse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nizhny_Novgorod" title="Nizhny Novgorod">Nizhny Novgorod</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://simgov.ru/">simgov<wbr />.ru</a></span> (Russian administration)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 270px; height: 250px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="270" data-height="250" data-zoom="11" data-overlays="["_57fbb7db73645fab0ed0698bc55187a6b282fe54"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,11,a,a,270x250.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Simferopol&revid=1282943312&groups=_57fbb7db73645fab0ed0698bc55187a6b282fe54" width="270" height="250" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,11,a,a,270x250@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Simferopol&revid=1282943312&groups=_57fbb7db73645fab0ed0698bc55187a6b282fe54 2x" alt="Map" /></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><sup><small>1</small></sup> <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly_Resolution_68/262" title="United Nations General Assembly Resolution 68/262">United Nations General Assembly Resolution 68/262</a><br /> <sup><small>2</small></sup> Founded in 1784 as <i>Simferopol</i>, a <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian</a> city. The settlement was previously known by the <a href="/wiki/Crimean_Tatar_language" title="Crimean Tatar language">Crimean Tatar</a> name <i>Aqmescit</i>.</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Simferopol</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˌ/: secondary stress follows">ˌ</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="'m' in 'my'">m</span><span title="'f' in 'find'">f</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'r' in 'rye'">r</span><span title="/oʊ/: 'o' in 'code'">oʊ</span><span title="'p' in 'pie'">p</span><span title="/əl/: 'le' in 'bottle'">əl</span></span>/</a></span></span>), also known as <b>Aqmescit</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is the second-largest city on the <a href="/wiki/Crimea" title="Crimea">Crimean Peninsula</a>. The city, along with the rest of Crimea, is internationally recognised as part of <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a>, but controlled by <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a>. It is considered the capital of the <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Republic_of_Crimea" title="Autonomous Republic of Crimea">Autonomous Republic of Crimea</a>. </p><p>Since 2014 it has been under the <i>de facto</i> control of Russia, which <a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">annexed Crimea</a> that year and regards Simferopol as the capital of the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Crimea_(Russia)" title="Republic of Crimea (Russia)">Republic of Crimea</a>. </p><p>Simferopol is an important political, economic and transport hub of the peninsula, and serves as the administrative centre of both <a href="/wiki/Simferopol_Municipality" title="Simferopol Municipality">Simferopol Municipality</a> and the surrounding <a href="/wiki/Simferopol_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Simferopol District">Simferopol District</a>. Its population was <span class="nowrap">332,317 (<a href="/wiki/Crimean_Federal_District_Census_(2014)" class="mw-redirect" title="Crimean Federal District Census (2014)">2014 Census</a>)</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-2014Census_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2014Census-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the 1784 <a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Empire">annexation</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Crimean_Khanate" title="Crimean Khanate">Crimean Khanate</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a>, the Russian empress decreed the foundation of a city named Simferopol on the location of the <a href="/wiki/Crimean_Tatars" title="Crimean Tatars">Crimean Tatar</a> town of <a href="/wiki/Old_Simferopol" title="Old Simferopol">Aqmescit</a> ("White Mosque"). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymologies">Etymologies</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444" /><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Simferopol" title="Special:EditPage/Simferopol">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Simferopol%22">"Simferopol"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Simferopol%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Simferopol%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Simferopol%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Simferopol%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Simferopol%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The name Simferopol (<a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_language" title="Ukrainian language">Ukrainian</a>: <span lang="uk">Сімферо́поль</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="uk-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Ukrainian" title="Help:IPA/Ukrainian">[sʲimfeˈrɔpɔlʲ]</a></span> <span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/d\/d8\/Uk-%D0%A1%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C.ogg\/Uk-%D0%A1%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Uk-\u0421\u0456\u043c\u0444\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d8/Uk-%D0%A1%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C.ogg/Uk-%D0%A1%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:Uk-%D0%A1%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C.ogg" title="File:Uk-Сімферополь.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span>; Russian: <span lang="ru">Симферо́поль</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="ru-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Russian" title="Help:IPA/Russian">[sʲɪmfʲɪˈropəlʲ]</a></span>) comes from the Greek <i>Sympheropoli</i> (<a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: <span lang="el">Συμφερόπολη</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Greek" title="Romanization of Greek">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Greek-language romanization"><i lang="el-Latn">Symferópoli</i></span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Literal_translation" title="Literal translation">lit.</a> </small>'city of common good'. The spelling <b>Symferopil</b> (<a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_language" title="Ukrainian language">Ukrainian</a>: <span lang="uk">Симферопіль</span>) is also used.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Crimean_Tatar_language" title="Crimean Tatar language">Crimean Tatar</a>, the name of the city is <i>Aqmescit</i> (or in Cyrillic, <span title="Crimean Tatar-language text" lang="crh-Cyrl">Акъмесджит</span>, <a href="/wiki/Literal_translation" title="Literal translation">lit.</a> 'The white mosque', from <i>Aq</i> "white", and <i>mescit</i> "mosque"). But <i>aq</i> does not refer to the colour of the mosque, but rather to its location in cosmology. The Turkic peoples give a colour designation to the <a href="/wiki/Cardinal_points" class="mw-redirect" title="Cardinal points">cardinal points</a>, and white is the west. Thus, the exact translation of the name of the town is "the Western Mosque." </p><p>In English, the name was often given as Akmechet or Ak-Mechet (e.g. in the 1911 <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>).<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was a transliteration from the Russian spelling of Crimean Tatar word Акмечет, Ак-Мечеть, where Mechet (Мечеть) is the Russian word for "mosque". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_history">Early history</h3></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1034237262">.mw-parser-output .stack{box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .stack>div{margin:1px;overflow:hidden}@media all and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-left{float:left;clear:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-clear-right{float:right;clear:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .stack-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-left{float:left;clear:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-clear-right{float:right;clear:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-left{float:left;margin-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .stack-margin-right{float:right;margin-left:1em}}</style><div class="stack mw-stack stack-right"><div><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%BE_%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8._%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%BE_%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8._%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C.jpg/220px-%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%BE_%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8._%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%BE_%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8._%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C.jpg/330px-%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%BE_%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8._%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%BE_%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8._%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C.jpg/440px-%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%BE_%D0%91%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8._%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6124" data-file-height="4716" /></a><figcaption>The city in 1856, by <a href="/wiki/Carlo_Bossoli" title="Carlo Bossoli">Carlo Bossoli</a>.</figcaption></figure></div></div> <p>Archaeological evidence in the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chokurcha_cave&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chokurcha cave (page does not exist)">Chokurcha cave</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D1%87%D0%B0_(%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0)" class="extiw" title="ru:Чокурча (пещера)">ru</a>; <a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D1%87%D0%B0_(%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0)" class="extiw" title="uk:Чокурча (печера)">uk</a>]</span> shows the presence of ancient people living in the territory of modern Simferopol. The <a href="/wiki/Scythian_Neapolis" title="Scythian Neapolis">Scythian Neapolis</a>, known by its Greek name, is also located in the city, which is the remnants of an ancient capital of the Crimean <a href="/wiki/Scythian" class="mw-redirect" title="Scythian">Scythians</a> who lived in the territory from the 3rd century BC to the 4th century AD.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Later, the <a href="/wiki/Crimean_Tatars" title="Crimean Tatars">Crimean Tatars</a> founded the town of Aqmescit. For some time, Aqmescit was the residence of the <a href="/wiki/Kalga_(title)" title="Kalga (title)">Qalğa-Sultan</a>, the second most important position in the <a href="/wiki/Crimean_Khanate" title="Crimean Khanate">Crimean Khanate</a> after the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Crimean_khans" title="List of Crimean khans">Khan</a> himself.<sup id="cite_ref-crimea-kvn_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-crimea-kvn-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The area of the city once known as Aqmescit is today called <a href="/wiki/Old_Simferopol" title="Old Simferopol">Old Simferopol</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Russian_Empire">Russian Empire</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ruins_of_a_Greek_Chapel_and_Monastery,_upon_the_South_Coast_of_the_Crimea,_near_Deryk%C3%AAuy_-_Clarke_Edward_Daniel_-_1810.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Ruins_of_a_Greek_Chapel_and_Monastery%2C_upon_the_South_Coast_of_the_Crimea%2C_near_Deryk%C3%AAuy_-_Clarke_Edward_Daniel_-_1810.jpg/250px-Ruins_of_a_Greek_Chapel_and_Monastery%2C_upon_the_South_Coast_of_the_Crimea%2C_near_Deryk%C3%AAuy_-_Clarke_Edward_Daniel_-_1810.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Ruins_of_a_Greek_Chapel_and_Monastery%2C_upon_the_South_Coast_of_the_Crimea%2C_near_Deryk%C3%AAuy_-_Clarke_Edward_Daniel_-_1810.jpg/330px-Ruins_of_a_Greek_Chapel_and_Monastery%2C_upon_the_South_Coast_of_the_Crimea%2C_near_Deryk%C3%AAuy_-_Clarke_Edward_Daniel_-_1810.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Ruins_of_a_Greek_Chapel_and_Monastery%2C_upon_the_South_Coast_of_the_Crimea%2C_near_Deryk%C3%AAuy_-_Clarke_Edward_Daniel_-_1810.jpg/500px-Ruins_of_a_Greek_Chapel_and_Monastery%2C_upon_the_South_Coast_of_the_Crimea%2C_near_Deryk%C3%AAuy_-_Clarke_Edward_Daniel_-_1810.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1158" /></a><figcaption>Ruins of Greek chapel near Simferopol and <a href="/wiki/Chatyr-Dag" title="Chatyr-Dag">Chatyr-Dag</a>, pictured in 1810</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1784 modern Ukrainian<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Simferopol was founded after the annexation of the <a href="/wiki/Crimean_Khanate" title="Crimean Khanate">Crimean Khanate</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a> by <a href="/wiki/Catherine_II_of_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Catherine II of Russia">Catherine II of Russia</a>. The name Simferopol is in <a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>, Συμφερόπολις (<i>Simferopolis</i>)<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> and literally means "the city of usefulness." The tradition of Greek place names in newly acquired southern territories began with the <a href="/wiki/Greek_Plan" title="Greek Plan">Greek Plan</a> of Russian Empress <a href="/wiki/Catherine_the_Great" title="Catherine the Great">Catherine the Great</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1802, Simferopol became the administrative centre of the <a href="/wiki/Taurida_Governorate" title="Taurida Governorate">Taurida Governorate</a>. During the <a href="/wiki/Crimean_War" title="Crimean War">Crimean War</a> of 1854–1856, the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Imperial_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian Imperial Army">Russian Imperial Army</a> reserves and a hospital were stationed in the city. After the war, more than 30,000 Russian soldiers were buried in the city's vicinity. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="20th-century_wars">20th-century wars</h3></div> <p>In the 20th century, Simferopol was once again affected by wars and conflicts in the region. At the end of the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Civil_War" title="Russian Civil War">Russian Civil War</a>, the headquarters of General <a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Nikolayevich_Wrangel" class="mw-redirect" title="Pyotr Nikolayevich Wrangel">Pyotr Wrangel</a>, leader of the anti-<a href="/wiki/Bolshevik" class="mw-redirect" title="Bolshevik">Bolshevik</a> <a href="/wiki/White_movement" title="White movement">White Army</a>, were located there. On 13 November 1920, the <a href="/wiki/Red_Army" title="Red Army">Red Army</a> captured the city and on 18 October 1921, Simferopol became the capital of the <a href="/wiki/Crimean_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:TankT34.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/TankT34.jpg/220px-TankT34.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/TankT34.jpg/330px-TankT34.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/TankT34.jpg/440px-TankT34.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/OT-34" class="mw-redirect" title="OT-34">OT-34</a>, monument of World War II</figcaption></figure> <p>During <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, Simferopol was occupied by <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a> from 1 November 1941 to 13 April 1944. Retreating <a href="/wiki/NKVD" title="NKVD">NKVD</a> police shot a number of prisoners on 31 October 1941 in the NKVD building and the city's prison.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Germans perpetrated one of the largest war-time massacres in Simferopol, killing in total over 22,000 locals—mostly <a href="/wiki/Jews" title="Jews">Jews</a>, <a href="/wiki/Russians" title="Russians">Russians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Krymchaks" title="Krymchaks">Krymchaks</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Romani_people" title="Romani people">Romani</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On one occasion, starting 9 December 1941, the <a href="/wiki/Einsatzkommando" title="Einsatzkommando">Einsatzkommando 11b</a>, which was under the command of <a href="/wiki/Werner_Braune" title="Werner Braune">Werner Braune</a>, whose main unit and superior were <a href="/wiki/Einsatzgruppen" title="Einsatzgruppen">Einsatzgruppe D</a> and <a href="/wiki/Otto_Ohlendorf" title="Otto Ohlendorf">Otto Ohlendorf</a>, respectively, command killed an estimated 14,300 Simferopol residents, mostly Jewish.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In April 1944 the Red Army liberated Simferopol. On 18 May 1944 the Crimean Tatar population of the city, along with the whole Crimean Tatar nation of Crimea, was <a href="/wiki/Deportation_of_the_Crimean_Tatars" title="Deportation of the Crimean Tatars">forcibly deported</a> to Central Asia as <a href="/wiki/Collective_punishment" title="Collective punishment">collective punishment</a> for the perceived collaboration of Tatars with Nazi Germany.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ukraine">Ukraine</h3></div> <p>On 26 April 1954, Simferopol, together with the rest of the <a href="/wiki/Crimean_Oblast" class="mw-redirect" title="Crimean Oblast">Crimean Oblast</a>, was <a href="/wiki/1954_transfer_of_Crimea" class="mw-redirect" title="1954 transfer of Crimea">transferred</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Soviet_Federative_Socialist_Republic" title="Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic">Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic">Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic</a> by Soviet Premier <a href="/wiki/Nikita_Khrushchev" title="Nikita Khrushchev">Nikita Khrushchev</a>. </p><p>An <a href="/wiki/Asteroid" title="Asteroid">asteroid</a>, discovered in 1970 by Soviet astronomer <a href="/wiki/Tamara_Mikhailovna_Smirnova" class="mw-redirect" title="Tamara Mikhailovna Smirnova">Tamara Mikhailovna Smirnova</a>, is named after the city (<a href="/wiki/2141_Simferopol" class="mw-redirect" title="2141 Simferopol">2141 Simferopol</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following a <a href="/wiki/1991_Crimean_sovereignty_referendum" class="mw-redirect" title="1991 Crimean sovereignty referendum">referendum on 20 January 1991</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Crimean_Oblast" class="mw-redirect" title="Crimean Oblast">Crimean Oblast</a> was upgraded to an Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic on 12 February 1991 by the <a href="/wiki/Verkhovna_Rada" title="Verkhovna Rada">Supreme Soviet of the Ukrainian SSR</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Simferopol became the capital of the Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. </p><p>After the <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Soviet_Union_(1985-1991)" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the Soviet Union (1985-1991)">collapse of the Soviet Union</a> in 1991, Simferopol became the capital of the <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Republic_of_Crimea" title="Autonomous Republic of Crimea">Autonomous Republic of Crimea</a> within newly <a href="/wiki/History_of_Ukraine#Independence" title="History of Ukraine">independent Ukraine</a>. Today, the city has a population of 340,600 (2006) most of whom are ethnic Russians, with the rest being Ukrainian and <a href="/wiki/Crimean_Tatars" title="Crimean Tatars">Crimean Tatar</a> minorities. </p><p>After the Crimean Tatars were allowed to return from exile in the 1990s, several new Crimean Tatar suburbs were constructed, as many more Tatars returned to the city compared to number exiled in 1944. Land ownership between the current residents and returning Crimean Tatars is a major area of conflict today with the Tatars requesting the return of lands seized after their deportation.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Russian_annexation">Russian annexation</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444" /><table class="box-Update plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Update" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/42px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="42" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/63px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg/84px-Ambox_current_red_Americas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="290" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section needs to be <b>updated</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2024</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation</a></div> <p>After Russia occupied and formally <a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">annexed</a> Crimea on 18 March 2014, Simferopol was named the capital of a new <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Crimea_(Russia)" title="Republic of Crimea (Russia)">federal subject</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian Federation">Russian Federation</a> encompassing the majority of the peninsula by decree of Russian president <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a>, with the exception of <a href="/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol">Sevastopol</a>, which became a <a href="/wiki/Federal_cities_of_Russia" title="Federal cities of Russia">federal сity</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Prior to the seizure of the city by Russia, a mass protest was organised by the city's <a href="/wiki/Crimean_Tatars" title="Crimean Tatars">Crimean Tatars</a> in support of Crimea remaining as part of Ukraine.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Simferopol_Reservoir.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Simferopol_Reservoir.jpg/220px-Simferopol_Reservoir.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Simferopol_Reservoir.jpg/330px-Simferopol_Reservoir.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Simferopol_Reservoir.jpg/440px-Simferopol_Reservoir.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2032" data-file-height="1207" /></a><figcaption>The Simferopol Reservoir provides clean drinking water to the city.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Location">Location</h3></div> <p>Simferopol is located in the south-central <a href="/wiki/Crimean_Peninsula" class="mw-redirect" title="Crimean Peninsula">Crimean Peninsula</a>. The city lies on the <a href="/wiki/Salhir_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Salhir River">Salhir River</a> near the artificial Simferopol Reservoir, which provides the city with clean drinking water. The Simferopol Reservoir's earth dam is the biggest in Europe. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3></div> <p>The city experiences a <a href="/wiki/Humid_subtropical_climate" title="Humid subtropical climate">humid subtropical</a> climate (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen</a>: <i>Cfa</i>),<sup id="cite_ref-koppen_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-koppen-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> near the boundary of the <a href="/wiki/Humid_continental_climate" title="Humid continental climate">humid continental climate</a> (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen</a>: <i>Dfa</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-koppen_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-koppen-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The average temperature in January is 0.4 <a href="/wiki/Celsius" title="Celsius">°C</a> (32.7 <a href="/wiki/Fahrenheit" title="Fahrenheit">°F</a>) and 23 °C (73 °F) in July. The average rainfall is 501 millimetres (19.7 in) per year, and there is a total of 2,529 hours of sunshine per year. </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Simferopol (1991–2020, extremes 1886–present) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF8E1E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.8<br />(69.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF870F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.9<br />(71.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF5800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.7<br />(83.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF4400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.5<br />(88.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF3200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.2<br />(93.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF1A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.7<br />(99.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF0F00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">39.3<br />(102.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF0D00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">39.5<br />(103.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF1D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.2<br />(99.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF3800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.3<br />(91.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF5D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.0<br />(82.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF6E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.4<br />(77.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF0D00; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">39.5<br />(103.1) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.1<br />(39.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFF8F1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.5<br />(41.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFD7B0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.2<br />(50.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFAD5C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.3<br />(61.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF870F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.9<br />(71.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF6700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.5<br />(79.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF5000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.8<br />(85.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF5100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.7<br />(85.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF7800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.0<br />(75.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFA54B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.5<br />(63.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFD1A4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.1<br />(52.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFF3E8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.1<br />(43.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFA954; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">16.9<br />(62.4) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #E8E8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.4<br />(32.7) </td> <td style="background: #ECECFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.1<br />(34.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFCFA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.8<br />(40.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFD7B0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.2<br />(50.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFB266; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.6<br />(60.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF9226; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.2<br />(68.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF7F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.0<br />(73.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF8002; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.8<br />(73.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFA44A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.6<br />(63.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFCC9A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.8<br />(53.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFF1E4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.4<br />(43.5) </td> <td style="background: #F3F3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.4<br />(36.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFCF9F; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">11.4<br />(52.5) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #D7D7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−2.9<br />(26.8) </td> <td style="background: #D8D8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−2.6<br />(27.3) </td> <td style="background: #E8E8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.4<br />(32.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFFCFA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.8<br />(40.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFD9B4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.9<br />(49.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFBA75; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.5<br />(58.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFA852; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.0<br />(62.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFAB58; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.6<br />(61.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFCA96; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.1<br />(53.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFECD9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.2<br />(45.0) </td> <td style="background: #F5F5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.7<br />(36.9) </td> <td style="background: #E2E2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.8<br />(30.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFF0E2; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">6.6<br />(43.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #5A5AFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−26.0<br />(−14.8) </td> <td style="background: #4343FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−30.3<br />(−22.5) </td> <td style="background: #8383FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−18.4<br />(−1.1) </td> <td style="background: #AAAAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−11.1<br />(12.0) </td> <td style="background: #B9B9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−8.4<br />(16.9) </td> <td style="background: #EAEAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.7<br />(33.3) </td> <td style="background: #FAFAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.6<br />(38.5) </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.8<br />(38.8) </td> <td style="background: #CBCBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−5.1<br />(22.8) </td> <td style="background: #A9A9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−11.4<br />(11.5) </td> <td style="background: #7171FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−21.7<br />(−7.1) </td> <td style="background: #6969FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−23.2<br />(−9.8) </td> <td style="background: #4343FF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−30.3<br />(−22.5) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #C0FFC0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">42<br />(1.7) </td> <td style="background: #C7FFC7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34<br />(1.3) </td> <td style="background: #C9FFC9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36<br />(1.4) </td> <td style="background: #CCFFCC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33<br />(1.3) </td> <td style="background: #C3FFC3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">40<br />(1.6) </td> <td style="background: #A5FFA5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">58<br />(2.3) </td> <td style="background: #C4FFC4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">39<br />(1.5) </td> <td style="background: #B8FFB8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">47<br />(1.9) </td> <td style="background: #C1FFC1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">40<br />(1.6) </td> <td style="background: #BBFFBB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">45<br />(1.8) </td> <td style="background: #BBFFBB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">44<br />(1.7) </td> <td style="background: #BEFFBE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">43<br />(1.7) </td> <td style="background: #BFFFBF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">501<br />(19.7) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average extreme snow depth cm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1<br />(0.4) </td> <td style="background: #F8F8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2<br />(0.8) </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1<br />(0.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1<br />(0.4) </td> <td style="background: #F8F8FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">2<br />(0.8) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainy days </th> <td style="background: #6A6AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12 </td> <td style="background: #6A6AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11 </td> <td style="background: #7777FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11 </td> <td style="background: #7272FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11 </td> <td style="background: #8383FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10 </td> <td style="background: #7272FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11 </td> <td style="background: #9C9CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8 </td> <td style="background: #A8A8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7 </td> <td style="background: #7F7FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10 </td> <td style="background: #7777FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11 </td> <td style="background: #5959FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13 </td> <td style="background: #5252FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">14 </td> <td style="background: #7777FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">129 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowy days </th> <td style="background: #7777FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11 </td> <td style="background: #6A6AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11 </td> <td style="background: #A8A8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7 </td> <td style="background: #F2F2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #F2F2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1 </td> <td style="background: #CCCCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4 </td> <td style="background: #8F8FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9 </td> <td style="background: #D0D0FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">44 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #0000B8; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">85 </td> <td style="background: #0000C8; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">81 </td> <td style="background: #0000DF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">75 </td> <td style="background: #0000F9; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">68 </td> <td style="background: #0000F6; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">69 </td> <td style="background: #0000FD; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">67 </td> <td style="background: #0E0EFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">63 </td> <td style="background: #1515FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">61 </td> <td style="background: #0000F9; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">68 </td> <td style="background: #0000DB; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">76 </td> <td style="background: #0000C4; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">82 </td> <td style="background: #0000B8; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">85 </td> <td style="background: #0000E6; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">73 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #939393; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">80.7 </td> <td style="background: #B6B65E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">109.9 </td> <td style="background: #C8C800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">160.2 </td> <td style="background: #DFDF00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">227.6 </td> <td style="background: #EEEE0B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">299.2 </td> <td style="background: #F5F51D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">321.3 </td> <td style="background: #FBFB2B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">358.5 </td> <td style="background: #F5F51D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">332.6 </td> <td style="background: #E7E700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">259.1 </td> <td style="background: #D5D500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">190.2 </td> <td style="background: #B5B562; color:#000000;" class="notheme">115.2 </td> <td style="background: #878787; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">74.1 </td> <td style="background: #DBDB00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">2,528.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 1: Pogoda.ru.net<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 2: <a href="/wiki/NOAA" class="mw-redirect" title="NOAA">NOAA</a><sup id="cite_ref-WMOCLINO_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WMOCLINO-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Politics_and_administrative_divisions">Politics and administrative divisions</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Simferopol_municipality" class="mw-redirect" title="Simferopol municipality">Simferopol municipality</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Simferopol_04-14_img19_K-Marx-Street.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Simferopol_04-14_img19_K-Marx-Street.jpg/250px-Simferopol_04-14_img19_K-Marx-Street.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Simferopol_04-14_img19_K-Marx-Street.jpg/330px-Simferopol_04-14_img19_K-Marx-Street.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Simferopol_04-14_img19_K-Marx-Street.jpg/500px-Simferopol_04-14_img19_K-Marx-Street.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3083" data-file-height="3083" /></a><figcaption>Simferopol's city centre</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Simferopol_04-14_img28_train_station_square.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Simferopol_04-14_img28_train_station_square.jpg/220px-Simferopol_04-14_img28_train_station_square.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Simferopol_04-14_img28_train_station_square.jpg/330px-Simferopol_04-14_img28_train_station_square.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Simferopol_04-14_img28_train_station_square.jpg/440px-Simferopol_04-14_img28_train_station_square.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4468" data-file-height="2234" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Crimean_Trolleybus" title="Crimean Trolleybus">Crimean Trolleybus</a> runs from Simferopol to <a href="/wiki/Yalta" title="Yalta">Yalta</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>As the capital of Crimea, Simferopol houses its political structure including the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Council_of_Crimea" class="mw-redirect" title="Supreme Council of Crimea">Supreme Council of Crimea</a> and the Council of Ministers. Simferopol is also the administrative centre of the <a href="/wiki/Simferopol_Raion" title="Simferopol Raion">Simferopol Raion</a> (<a href="/wiki/Raion" title="Raion">district</a>), but is directly subordinate to the Crimean authorities rather than to the district authorities housed in the city itself. </p><p>The city of Simferopol is administratively divided into three <a href="/wiki/Urban_districts_of_Ukraine" title="Urban districts of Ukraine">urban districts</a> (<a href="/wiki/Zaliznychnyi_District,_Simferopol" title="Zaliznychnyi District, Simferopol">Zaliznychnyi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kyivskyi_District,_Simferopol" title="Kyivskyi District, Simferopol">Kyivskyi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tsentralnyi_District,_Simferopol" class="mw-redirect" title="Tsentralnyi District, Simferopol">Tsentralnyi</a>), four <a href="/wiki/Urban-type_settlement" title="Urban-type settlement">urban-type settlements</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> (<a href="/wiki/Ahrarne" title="Ahrarne">Ahrarne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aeroflotskyi" title="Aeroflotskyi">Aeroflotskyi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hresivskyi" title="Hresivskyi">Hresivskyi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Komsomolske,_Crimea" title="Komsomolske, Crimea">Komsomolske</a>) and the village of Bitumne.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Viktor Ageev became city mayor on 11 November 2010 and was then elected chairman of the Simferopol City Council on 29 September 2014.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Igor Lukashyov was installed as the head of Simferopol City administration (i.e. local executive) after Russia annexed the region in 2014. He served in this position until his dismissal on 9 November 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transportation">Transportation</h2></div> <p>Simferopol has a <a href="/wiki/Simferopol_Railway_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Simferopol Railway station">major railway station</a>, which serves millions of tourists each year. In December 2014 Ukraine cut the railway line to Crimea at the border with mainland Ukraine (<a href="/wiki/Kherson_Oblast" title="Kherson Oblast">Kherson Oblast</a>). Currently, the station serves only a <a href="/wiki/Elektrichka" title="Elektrichka">commuter (regional) passenger train</a> and the Moscow – Simferopol train every day. </p><p>The city is also connected via the <a href="/wiki/Simferopol_International_Airport" title="Simferopol International Airport">Simferopol International Airport</a>, which was constructed in 1936.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Zavodske_Airfield" class="mw-redirect" title="Zavodske Airfield">Zavodskoye Airport</a> is situated southwest of Simferopol. </p><p>The city has several main bus stations, with routes towards many cities, including <a href="/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol">Sevastopol</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kerch" title="Kerch">Kerch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yalta" title="Yalta">Yalta</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Yevpatoriya" class="mw-redirect" title="Yevpatoriya">Yevpatoriya</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Crimean_Trolleybus" title="Crimean Trolleybus">Crimean Trolleybus</a> connects Simferopol to the city of <a href="/wiki/Yalta" title="Yalta">Yalta</a> on Crimean <a href="/wiki/Black_Sea" title="Black Sea">Black Sea</a> coast. The line is the longest <a href="/wiki/Trolleybus" title="Trolleybus">trolleybus</a> line in the world with a total length of 86 kilometres (53 mi)<sup id="cite_ref-Crimea_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Crimea-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (since 2014 again 96 kilometres (60 mi)). </p><p>The streets of Simferopol have a rare <a href="/wiki/House_numbering#Former_Soviet_Union" title="House numbering">house numbering</a> – the odd numbers are on the right side of the road, looking in the direction in which the numbers increase. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444" /><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Simferopol" title="Special:EditPage/Simferopol">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1261442011">.mw-parser-output .abbr-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-bottom:none;background-color:lavender}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-top:none;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border-top:1px #a2a9b1 solid!important}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:none}}</style><table class="table-pale" style="width:15em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 0.5em;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Historical population</caption><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Percent change" class="abbr-header">±%</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1897</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">49,078</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1926</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">88,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+79.3%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1939</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">142,634</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+62.1%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1959</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">187,623</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+31.5%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1970</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">249,053</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+32.7%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1979</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">301,505</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+21.1%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1989</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">343,565</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+14.0%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2001</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">343,644</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.0%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2014</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">332,317</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−3.3%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2021</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">340,540</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+2.5%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);font-size:85%;text-align:left">Source: Census data</td></tr></tbody></table><p>At the last census in 2014, the population of Simferopol was 332,317, the highest of any city in the Republic of Crimea and second only to Sevastopol within the Crimean peninsula. </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2></div> <p>When it existed, <a href="/wiki/Crimea_Air" title="Crimea Air">Crimea Air</a> had its head office on the grounds of <a href="/wiki/Simferopol_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Simferopol Airport">Simferopol Airport</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A new 19-gate terminal for the airport finished construction in 2018. The terminal was designed in the shape of a wave by <a href="/wiki/Samoo_Architects_%26_Engineers" title="Samoo Architects & Engineers">Samoo Architects & Engineers</a>, after their successful bid as part of an international competition.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Industry">Industry</h3></div> <p>Simferopol is home to a number of industrial plants, including the following: </p> <ul><li>Fiolent (two locations), producer of power tools and other electrical systems</li> <li>Simferopol chemical industry plants</li> <li>PO Foton</li> <li>SEM SElktroMash SELMZ</li> <li>Plastotekhnika and else plastics related</li> <li>Santekhprom SSTP</li> <li>PEK PromElektroKontakt and PromSchitKontakt, ChPO Sfera IzmertelnPribor, SELTZ ElectroTechnical Plant</li> <li>Pnevmatika, other pneumatics tires etc. related industry</li> <li>Monolit SMZKon, TsSI Tavrida SKMKZ, Slava Truda SCMNG, SiMZ Motor Plants</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chornomornaftogaz" title="Chornomornaftogaz">Chornomornaftogaz</a></li> <li>Digital Valley (Tsifrovaya Dolina): silicon industry, computers, wafers and microelectronics, it, other related. It will located (most likely) near the airport for convenience.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2></div> <p>The largest collection of higher education institutions in Crimea is located in Simferopol. Among them is the largest university in Simferopol and Crimea, the <a href="/wiki/Taurida_V.Vernadsky_National_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Taurida V.Vernadsky National University">Taurida V.Vernadsky National University</a>, which was founded in 1917.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Crimea_State_Medical_University_named_after_S._I._Georgievsky" class="mw-redirect" title="Crimea State Medical University named after S. I. Georgievsky">Crimea State Medical University named after S. I. Georgievsky</a>, also located in Simferopol, is one of the most prominent medical schools of Ukraine. The Crimean Medical University is situated on the plot, where in 1855 a nursery garden was planted by the founder of the Nikita Botanical Gardens Ch.Ch.Steven (1781–1863). In 1863–66 a school for girls was built here and in 1931 a medical institute was opened. On the same plot P.Krzhizhanovsky built a three-storey hostel for medical students after the design in 1934. The building with clear geometric masses was completed in 1938. A <a href="/wiki/V.I._Vernadsky_Crimean_Federal_University" class="mw-redirect" title="V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University">new federal university</a> campus was opened 4 August 2014. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sports">Sports</h2></div> <p>Simferopol is home to the football club <a href="/wiki/FC_TSK_Simferopol" title="FC TSK Simferopol">FC TSK Simferopol</a> which plays in the <a href="/wiki/Crimean_Premier_League" title="Crimean Premier League">Crimean Premier League</a>. It was formed as a Russian club in 2014, following the <a href="/wiki/2014_Crimean_Conflict" class="mw-redirect" title="2014 Crimean Conflict">2014 Crimean Conflict</a>, to replace the Ukrainian club <a href="/wiki/Tavriya_Simferopol" class="mw-redirect" title="Tavriya Simferopol">Tavriya Simferopol</a> which had been the first winners of the <a href="/wiki/Ukraine_Premier_League" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukraine Premier League">Ukraine Premier League</a>, and also won the <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Cup" title="Ukrainian Cup">Ukrainian Cup</a> in 2010. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Houses_of_worship">Houses of worship</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kebir-Jami_Mosque,_Simferopol" class="mw-redirect" title="Kebir-Jami Mosque, Simferopol">Kebir-Jami Mosque, Simferopol</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holy_Trinity_Cathedral,_Simferopol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Holy Trinity Cathedral, Simferopol (page does not exist)">Holy Trinity Cathedral, Simferopol</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80_(%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C)" class="extiw" title="ru:Троицкий собор (Симферополь)">ru</a>]</span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444" /><table class="box-Copy_edit plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-Copy_edit" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Acap.svg/40px-Acap.svg.png" decoding="async" width="36" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Acap.svg/54px-Acap.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Acap.svg/72px-Acap.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="50" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>may require <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Basic_copyediting" title="Wikipedia:Basic copyediting">copy editing</a> for grammar, style, cohesion, tone, or spelling</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> You can assist by <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Simferopol" title="Special:EditPage/Simferopol">editing it</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">February 2024</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:FM_Alisa_Melekhina_L.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/FM_Alisa_Melekhina_L.jpg/140px-FM_Alisa_Melekhina_L.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/FM_Alisa_Melekhina_L.jpg/210px-FM_Alisa_Melekhina_L.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/FM_Alisa_Melekhina_L.jpg/280px-FM_Alisa_Melekhina_L.jpg 2x" data-file-width="567" data-file-height="486" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Alisa_Melekhina" title="Alisa Melekhina">Alisa Melekhina</a>, 2014</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sakharov_Prize_2018_laureate_Oleg_Sentsov_receives_his_award_(49127359156)_cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Sakharov_Prize_2018_laureate_Oleg_Sentsov_receives_his_award_%2849127359156%29_cropped.jpg/140px-Sakharov_Prize_2018_laureate_Oleg_Sentsov_receives_his_award_%2849127359156%29_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Sakharov_Prize_2018_laureate_Oleg_Sentsov_receives_his_award_%2849127359156%29_cropped.jpg/210px-Sakharov_Prize_2018_laureate_Oleg_Sentsov_receives_his_award_%2849127359156%29_cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Sakharov_Prize_2018_laureate_Oleg_Sentsov_receives_his_award_%2849127359156%29_cropped.jpg/280px-Sakharov_Prize_2018_laureate_Oleg_Sentsov_receives_his_award_%2849127359156%29_cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="355" data-file-height="438" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Oleg_Sentsov" class="mw-redirect" title="Oleg Sentsov">Oleg Sentsov</a>, 2018</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Max_Alpert" title="Max Alpert">Max Alpert</a> (1899–1980) a Soviet photographer, front-line work during WWII</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrei_Abrikosov" title="Andrei Abrikosov">Andrei Abrikosov</a> (1906–1973) a Soviet stage and film actor.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Re%C5%9Fat_Amet" title="Reşat Amet">Reşat Amet</a> (1975–2014) a Crimean Tatar activist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yelyzaveta_Bohutska" title="Yelyzaveta Bohutska">Yelyzaveta Bohutska</a> (born 1964), Ukrainian politician (<a href="/wiki/Servant_of_the_People" title="Servant of the People">Servant of the People</a>) and <a href="/wiki/9th_Ukrainian_Verkhovna_Rada" title="9th Ukrainian Verkhovna Rada">current member of parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denis_Bouriakov" title="Denis Bouriakov">Denis Bouriakov</a> (born 1981), principal <a href="/wiki/Flautist" class="mw-redirect" title="Flautist">flautist</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Philharmonic" title="Los Angeles Philharmonic">Los Angeles Philharmonic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rachel_Devirys" title="Rachel Devirys">Rachel Devirys</a> (1890–1983) French film actress, starred in some 50 films from 1916 to 1956.</li> <li>Nadia Volodymyrivna Dorofeeva, professionally known as <a href="/wiki/Dorofeeva" title="Dorofeeva">Dorofeeva</a> (born 1990), female vocalist of the pop duo <a href="/wiki/Vremya_i_Steklo" class="mw-redirect" title="Vremya i Steklo">Vremya i Steklo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Filippov" title="Roman Filippov">Roman Filippov</a> (1936–1992) a Soviet theatre and film actor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viktor_Grebennikov" title="Viktor Grebennikov">Viktor Grebennikov</a> (1927–2001) scientist, naturalist, entomologist and paranormal researcher</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolph_Joffe" title="Adolph Joffe">Adolph Joffe</a> (1883–1927) Communist <a href="/wiki/Revolutionary" title="Revolutionary">revolutionary</a>, Bolshevik politician and Soviet diplomat</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Karjakin" title="Sergey Karjakin">Sergey Karjakin</a> (born 1990), <a href="/wiki/Chess_prodigy" title="Chess prodigy">Chess prodigy</a> and <a href="/wiki/International_Grandmaster" class="mw-redirect" title="International Grandmaster">grandmaster</a> at age 12 years, 7 months</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pavlo_Kazarin" title="Pavlo Kazarin">Pavlo Kazarin</a> (born 1983), Ukrainian journalist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serhiy_Kokurin" title="Serhiy Kokurin">Serhiy Kokurin</a> (1978-2014), Ukrainian military officer and the first soldier killed in the <a href="/wiki/Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Russo-Ukrainian War">Russo-Ukrainian War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olexandr_Kolchenko" title="Olexandr Kolchenko">Olexandr Kolchenko</a> (born 1989) a Ukrainian left-wing anarchist, ecologist and archaeologist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleg_Kotov" title="Oleg Kotov">Oleg Kotov</a> (born 1965), Air Force colonel, 15 Soyuz flight commander and flight engineer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrey_Kozenko" title="Andrey Kozenko">Andrey Kozenko</a> (born 1981), a Russian and former Ukrainian statesman and politician.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolai_Ivanovich_Kravchenko" title="Nicolai Ivanovich Kravchenko">Nicolai Ivanovich Kravchenko</a> (1867–1941) a Russian battle painter, journalist and writer.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Kuliscioff" title="Anna Kuliscioff">Anna Kuliscioff</a> (1857–1925) Russian born Italian feminist, anarchist and Marxist socialist militant.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zara_Levina" title="Zara Levina">Zara Levina</a> (1906–1976) a Soviet pianist and composer.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luke_Voyno-Yasenetsky" title="Luke Voyno-Yasenetsky">Saint Luke of Simferopol</a> (1877–1961), born <i>Valentin Felixovich Voino-Yasenetsky</i>, Russian surgeon and Archbishop of Simferopol</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musa_Mamut" title="Musa Mamut">Musa Mamut</a> (1931–1978) a deported Crimean Tatar who immolated himself in Crimea</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuri_Manin" title="Yuri Manin">Yuri Manin</a> (1937–2023) a Russian specialist in <a href="/wiki/Algebraic_geometry" title="Algebraic geometry">algebraic</a> & <a href="/wiki/Diophantine_geometry" title="Diophantine geometry">diophantine geometry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alisa_Melekhina" title="Alisa Melekhina">Alisa Melekhina</a> (born 1991), chess master, attorney and classically trained ballerina</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Mergelyan" title="Sergey Mergelyan">Sergey Mergelyan</a> (1928–2008), a Soviet Armenian mathematician and scientist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gennady_Samokhin" title="Gennady Samokhin">Gennady Samokhin</a> (born 1971) a Crimean <a href="/wiki/Speleologist" class="mw-redirect" title="Speleologist">speleologist</a>, holds the depth world record of <a href="/wiki/Cave_diving" title="Cave diving">cave diving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilya_Selvinsky" title="Ilya Selvinsky">Ilya Selvinsky</a> (1899–1968) was a Soviet Jewish poet, dramatist, memoirist and essayist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andriy_Senchenko" title="Andriy Senchenko">Andriy Senchenko</a> (born 1959), a Ukrainian politician (<a href="/wiki/Batkivshchyna" title="Batkivshchyna">Batkivshchyna</a>) and former Deputy Prime Minister of Crimea</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleg_Sentsov" class="mw-redirect" title="Oleg Sentsov">Oleg Sentsov</a> (born 1976) a Ukrainian filmmaker, writer and activist from Crimea.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valery_Sigalevitch" title="Valery Sigalevitch">Valery Sigalevitch</a> (born 1950), a Russian classical concert pianist, lives in <a href="/wiki/La_Rochelle" title="La Rochelle">La Rochelle</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Sredersas" title="Bob Sredersas">Bob Sredersas</a> (1910–1982) a Lithuanian-Australian art collector.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexei_Stepanov" title="Alexei Stepanov">Alexei Stepanov</a> (1858–1923), a Russian genre painter, illustrator and art teacher.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evhen_Tsybulenko" title="Evhen Tsybulenko">Evhen Tsybulenko</a> (born 1972), Estonian professor of international law</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Vitaly" title="Georges Vitaly">Georges Vitaly</a> (1917–2007), French actor, theatre director and theatre manager.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evgenii_Wulff" title="Evgenii Wulff">Evgenii Wulff</a> (1885–1941) a Crimean Russian Soviet biologist, botanist and <a href="/wiki/Biogeography" title="Biogeography">plant geographer</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diana_Tishchenko" title="Diana Tishchenko">Diana Tishchenko</a> (born 1990), Ukrainian classical violinist</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sport">Sport</h3></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yana_Klochkova_2010_001.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Yana_Klochkova_2010_001.jpg/140px-Yana_Klochkova_2010_001.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Yana_Klochkova_2010_001.jpg/210px-Yana_Klochkova_2010_001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Yana_Klochkova_2010_001.jpg/280px-Yana_Klochkova_2010_001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1956" data-file-height="2724" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Yana_Klochkova" title="Yana Klochkova">Yana Klochkova</a>, 2010</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gleb_Bakshi" title="Gleb Bakshi">Gleb Bakshi</a> (born 1995) boxer, bronze medallist at the <a href="/wiki/2020_Summer_Olympics" title="2020 Summer Olympics">2020 Summer Olympics</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyudmila_Blonska" class="mw-redirect" title="Lyudmila Blonska">Lyudmila Blonska</a> (born 1977), Ukrainian heptathlete, banned after 2 doping offences</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serhiy_Dotsenko" title="Serhiy Dotsenko">Serhiy Dotsenko</a> (born 1979), boxer, silver medallist at the <a href="/wiki/2000_Summer_Olympics" title="2000 Summer Olympics">2000 Summer Olympics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andriy_Hryvko" class="mw-redirect" title="Andriy Hryvko">Andriy Hryvko</a> (born 1983), a <a href="/wiki/Ukrainians" title="Ukrainians">Ukrainian</a> cyclist who rides for <a href="/wiki/Astana_(cycling_team)" class="mw-redirect" title="Astana (cycling team)">Astana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniil_Khlusevich" title="Daniil Khlusevich">Daniil Khlusevich</a> (born 2001), Russian international footballer who plays for <a href="/wiki/FC_Spartak_Moscow" title="FC Spartak Moscow">Spartak Moscow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yana_Klochkova" title="Yana Klochkova">Yana Klochkova</a> (born 1982), a Ukrainian swimmer with five Olympic medals, four being gold</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natalia_Popova" title="Natalia Popova">Natalia Popova</a> (born 1993) former figure skater, five-time Ukrainian national champion</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanna_Rizatdinova" title="Hanna Rizatdinova">Hanna Rizatdinova</a> (born 1993), Ukrainian individual rhythmic gymnast, bronze medallist at the <a href="/wiki/2016_Summer_Olympics" title="2016 Summer Olympics">2016 Summer Olympics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kateryna_Serebrianska" title="Kateryna Serebrianska">Kateryna Serebrianska</a> (born 1977), Ukrainian individual rhythmic gymnast, gold medallist at the <a href="/wiki/1996_Summer_Olympics" title="1996 Summer Olympics">1996 Summer Olympics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleksandr_Usyk" title="Oleksandr Usyk">Oleksandr Usyk</a> (born 1987), Ukrainian heavyweight boxer, gold medallist at the <a href="/wiki/2012_Summer_Olympics" title="2012 Summer Olympics">2012 Summer Olympics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anatoliy_Zayayev" title="Anatoliy Zayayev">Anatoliy Zayayev</a> (1931-2012), Ukrainian football player and coach</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="International_relations">International relations</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Twin_towns_–_Sister_cities"><span id="Twin_towns_.E2.80.93_Sister_cities"></span>Twin towns – Sister cities</h3></div> <p>Simferopol is currently <a href="/wiki/Sister_city" title="Sister city">twinned</a> with: </p> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Salem,_Oregon" title="Salem, Oregon">Salem</a>, Oregon, United States (1986)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Heidelberg" title="Heidelberg">Heidelberg</a>, Germany (1991)<sup id="cite_ref-twintown_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-twintown-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary"><img alt="Hungary" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/40px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/60px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kecskem%C3%A9t" title="Kecskemét">Kecskemét</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a> (2006)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey"><img alt="Turkey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Tepeba%C5%9F%C4%B1,_Eski%C5%9Fehir" title="Tepebaşı, Eskişehir">Tepebaşı</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> (2007)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey"><img alt="Turkey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa">Bursa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia"><img alt="Russia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Irkutsk" title="Irkutsk">Irkutsk</a>, Russia (2008)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia"><img alt="Russia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> Moscow, Russia (2008)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia"><img alt="Russia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Novocherkassk" title="Novocherkassk">Novocherkassk</a>, Russia (2008)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia"><img alt="Russia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Omsk" title="Omsk">Omsk</a>, Russia (2008)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria"><img alt="Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ruse,_Bulgaria" title="Ruse, Bulgaria">Ruse</a>, Bulgaria (2008)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia"><img alt="Russia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Nizhny_Novgorod" title="Nizhny Novgorod">Nizhny Novgorod</a>, Russia (2016)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See <a href="#Etymologies">§ Etymologies</a> for other names</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626" /><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150706143200/http://www.segodnya.ua/economics/avto/dlya-krymskih-avtomobilistov-prigotovili-novye-nomera-506797.html"><bdi lang="ru">Для крымских автомобилистов приготовили новые номера</bdi></a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Segodnya" title="Segodnya">Segodnya</a></i> (in Russian). 2 April 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.segodnya.ua/economics/avto/dlya-krymskih-avtomobilistov-prigotovili-novye-nomera-506797.html">the original</a> on 6 July 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 July</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Segodnya&rft.atitle=%D0%94%D0%BB%D1%8F+%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85+%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8+%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B5+%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0&rft.date=2014-04-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.segodnya.ua%2Feconomics%2Favto%2Fdlya-krymskih-avtomobilistov-prigotovili-novye-nomera-506797.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASimferopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2014Census-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2014Census_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRussian_Federal_State_Statistics_Service2014" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gks.ru/free_doc/new_site/population/demo/perepis_krim/tab-krim/pub-01-03.xlsx">"Таблица 1.3. Численность населения Крымского федерального округа, городских округов, муниципальных районов, городских и сельских поселений"</a> [Table 1.3. Population of Crimean Federal District, Its Urban Okrugs, Municipal Districts, Urban and Rural Settlements]. <i>Федеральное статистическое наблюдение «Перепись населения в Крымском федеральном округе». ("Population Census in Crimean Federal District" Federal Statistical Examination)</i> (in Russian). <a href="/wiki/Russian_Federal_State_Statistics_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian Federal State Statistics Service">Federal State Statistics Service</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 January</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%D0%A4%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5+%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5+%C2%AB%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8C+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%B2+%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC+%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC+%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B5%C2%BB.+%28%22Population+Census+in+Crimean+Federal+District%22+Federal+Statistical+Examination%29&rft.atitle=%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0+1.3.+%D0%A7%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BC%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D1%84%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE+%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B0%2C+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85+%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%B2%2C+%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%85+%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%2C+%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85+%D0%B8+%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%85+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9&rft.date=2014&rft.au=Russian+Federal+State+Statistics+Service&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gks.ru%2Ffree_doc%2Fnew_site%2Fpopulation%2Fdemo%2Fperepis_krim%2Ftab-krim%2Fpub-01-03.xlsx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASimferopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://uinp.gov.ua/istorychnyy-kalendar/kviten/22/1918-zvilnennya-krymu-vid-bilshovykiv">"Map from 1918 showing the name "Symferopil"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>uinp.gov.ua</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=uinp.gov.ua&rft.atitle=Map+from+1918+showing+the+name+%22Symferopil%22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fuinp.gov.ua%2Fistorychnyy-kalendar%2Fkviten%2F22%2F1918-zvilnennya-krymu-vid-bilshovykiv&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASimferopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Simferopol"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Simferopol">"Simferopol" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 25 (11th ed.). 1911. p. 122;see para 2. <q>Afterwards the Tatar settlement of Ak-mechet.....</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Simferopol&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=122%3Bsee+para+2&rft.edition=11th&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASimferopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9067842/Simferopol">"Simferopol"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica Online</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 May</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Simferopol+International+Airport&rft.atitle=Welcome+to+the+International+Airport+%22Simferopol%22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.airport.crimea.ua%2Fen%2Fhome.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASimferopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Crimea-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Crimea_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-unfit"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140103162437/http://www.blacksea-crimea.com/Places/trolleybuses.html">"The longest trolleybus line in the world!"</a>. <i>blacksea-crimea.com</i>. Archived from the original on 3 January 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%B4+%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BC%D0%B0&rft.atitle=%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B9+%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB+%D0%B0%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B0+%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%84%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgidcrima.ru%2Fnovyj-terminal-aehroporta-simferopol%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASimferopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ccssu.crimea.ua/eng/tnu_eng/">"Main page"</a>. <i>Vernadskiy Tavricheskiy National University</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 July</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Vernadskiy+Tavricheskiy+National+University&rft.atitle=Main+page&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ccssu.crimea.ua%2Feng%2Ftnu_eng%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASimferopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-twintown-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-twintown_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110610082817/http://www.heidelberg.de/servlet/PB/menu/1123765_l1/index.html">"Twinning"</a>. City of Heidelberg. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.heidelberg.de/servlet/PB/menu/1123765_l1/index.html">the original</a> on 10 June 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 November</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Twinning&rft.pub=City+of+Heidelberg&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.heidelberg.de%2Fservlet%2FPB%2Fmenu%2F1123765_l1%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASimferopol" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1250146164">.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow{padding:0.75em 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow>b{display:block}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.75em 0;width:217px;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul>li{min-height:31px}.mw-parser-output .sister-logo{display:inline-block;width:31px;line-height:31px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-link{display:inline-block;margin-left:4px;width:182px;vertical-align:middle}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="side-box metadata side-box-right sister-box sistersitebox plainlinks"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> <b>Simferopol</b> at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects"><span id="sister-projects">sister projects</span></a></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Simferopol" class="extiw" title="c:Category:Simferopol">Media</a> from Commons</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/27px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/41px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/54px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Category:Simferopol" class="extiw" title="n:Category:Simferopol">News</a> from Wikinews</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Simferopol" class="extiw" title="voy:Simferopol">Travel information</a> from Wikivoyage</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/27px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/41px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/54px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19566" class="extiw" title="d:Q19566">Data</a> from Wikidata</span></li></ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://simgov.ru/">Simferopol Government</a> Official website</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.yadvashem.org/untoldstories/database/index.asp?cid=646">The murder of the Jews of Simferopol</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211026132520/https://www.yadvashem.org/untoldstories/database/index.asp?cid=646">Archived</a> 26 October 2021 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, at <a href="/wiki/Yad_Vashem" title="Yad Vashem">Yad Vashem</a> website.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Simferopol"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Simferopol">"Simferopol" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i> (11th ed.). 1911.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Simferopol&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.edition=11th&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASimferopol" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="border&#124;22px&#124;Flag_of_Simferopol_municipality&#124;link=Simferopol_municipality_Simferopol_municipality1247" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style 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4em"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Simferopol_municipality" title="Flag of Simferopol municipality"><img alt="Flag of Simferopol municipality" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Simferopol_flag.svg/40px-Simferopol_flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Simferopol_flag.svg/60px-Simferopol_flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="851" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Simferopol_municipality" class="mw-redirect" title="Simferopol municipality">Simferopol municipality</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><a href="/wiki/Administrative_centre" title="Administrative centre">Administrative center</a>: <b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Simferopol</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Ukraine" title="List of cities in Ukraine"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip" title="Cities in Simferopol municipality">Cities</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Simferopol</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Simferopol_municipality" title="Coat of arms of Simferopol municipality"><img alt="Coat of arms of Simferopol municipality" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/COA_Simferopol.svg/40px-COA_Simferopol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/COA_Simferopol.svg/60px-COA_Simferopol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/COA_Simferopol.svg/80px-COA_Simferopol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="750" /></a><figcaption>Coat of arms of Simferopol municipality</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Populated_places_in_Ukraine#Rural_settlements" title="Populated places in Ukraine"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip" title="Rural settlements in Simferopol municipality">Rural settlements</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bitumne" title="Bitumne">Bitumne</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Autonomous_Republic_of_Crimea&#124;link=Autonomous_Republic_of_Crimea_Administrative_divisions_of_the_Autonomous_Republic_of_Crimea_(before_2020)990" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Subdivisions_of_Crimea_before_2020" title="Template:Subdivisions of Crimea before 2020"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Subdivisions_of_Crimea_before_2020" title="Template talk:Subdivisions of Crimea before 2020"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Subdivisions_of_Crimea_before_2020" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Subdivisions of Crimea before 2020"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Autonomous_Republic_of_Crimea&#124;link=Autonomous_Republic_of_Crimea_Administrative_divisions_of_the_Autonomous_Republic_of_Crimea_(before_2020)990" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Republic_of_Crimea" title="Autonomous Republic of Crimea"><img alt="Autonomous Republic of Crimea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Crimea.svg/40px-Flag_of_Crimea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Crimea.svg/60px-Flag_of_Crimea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Crimea" title="Administrative divisions of Crimea">Administrative divisions</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Republic_of_Crimea" title="Autonomous Republic of Crimea">Autonomous Republic of Crimea</a> (before 2020)</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><a href="/wiki/Capital_city" title="Capital city">Capital</a>: <b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Simferopol</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Raions_of_Crimea" title="Category:Raions of Crimea"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip" title="Raions of Crimea">Raions</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bakhchysarai_Raion" title="Bakhchysarai Raion">Bakhchysarai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bilohirsk_Raion" title="Bilohirsk Raion">Bilohirsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chornomorske_Raion" title="Chornomorske Raion">Chornomorske</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dzhankoi_Raion" title="Dzhankoi Raion">Dzhankoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirovske_Raion" title="Kirovske Raion">Kirovske / Isliam Terek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krasnohvardiiske_Raion" title="Krasnohvardiiske Raion">Krasnohvardiiske / Kurman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krasnoperekopsk_Raion" title="Krasnoperekopsk Raion">Krasnoperekopsk / Perekop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lenine_Raion" title="Lenine Raion">Lenine / Yedy-Kuiu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyzhniohirskyi_Raion" class="mw-redirect" title="Nyzhniohirskyi Raion">Nyzhniohirskyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pervomaiske_Raion" title="Pervomaiske Raion">Pervomaiske</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rozdolne_Raion" title="Rozdolne Raion">Rozdolne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saky_Raion" title="Saky Raion">Saky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simferopol_Raion" title="Simferopol Raion">Simferopol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sovietskyi_Raion" title="Sovietskyi Raion">Sovietskyi / Ichki</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_Crimea.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Crimea"><img alt="Coat of arms of Crimea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Emblem_of_Crimea.svg/40px-Emblem_of_Crimea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="46" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Emblem_of_Crimea.svg/60px-Emblem_of_Crimea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Emblem_of_Crimea.svg/80px-Emblem_of_Crimea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="396" data-file-height="451" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Municipalities_of_Crimea" title="Category:Municipalities of Crimea"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip" title="Municipalities of Crimea">Municipalities</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alushta_Municipality" title="Alushta Municipality">Alushta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armiansk_Municipality" title="Armiansk Municipality">Armiansk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dzhankoi" title="Dzhankoi">Dzhankoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feodosia_Municipality" title="Feodosia Municipality">Feodosia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerch" title="Kerch">Kerch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ya%C3%B1%C4%B1_Qap%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Yañı Qapı">Krasnoperekopsk / Yany Kapu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saky_Municipality" title="Saky Municipality">Saky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simferopol_Municipality" title="Simferopol Municipality">Simferopol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudak_Municipality" title="Sudak Municipality">Sudak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yalta_Municipality" title="Yalta Municipality">Yalta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yevpatoria_Municipality" title="Yevpatoria Municipality">Yevpatoria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Cities_in_Crimea" title="Category:Cities in Crimea"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip" title="Cities in Crimea">Cities</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/City_of_regional_significance_(Ukraine)" title="City of regional significance (Ukraine)"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip" title="Cities of regional significance">Regional</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alushta" title="Alushta">Alushta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armiansk" title="Armiansk">Armiansk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dzhankoi" title="Dzhankoi">Dzhankoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feodosia" title="Feodosia">Feodosia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerch" title="Kerch">Kerch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krasnoperekopsk" title="Krasnoperekopsk">Krasnoperekopsk / Yany Kapu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saky" title="Saky">Saky</a></li> <li><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Simferopol</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudak" title="Sudak">Sudak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yalta" title="Yalta">Yalta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yevpatoria" title="Yevpatoria">Yevpatoria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/City_of_district_significance_(Ukraine)" title="City of district significance (Ukraine)"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip" title="Cities of district significance">District</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alupka" title="Alupka">Alupka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakhchysarai" title="Bakhchysarai">Bakhchysarai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bilohirsk" title="Bilohirsk">Bilohirsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shcholkine" title="Shcholkine">Shcholkine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staryi_Krym" title="Staryi Krym">Staryi Krym</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/List_of_urban-type_settlements_in_Ukraine_by_subdivision#Autonomous_Republic_of_Crimea" class="mw-redirect" title="List of urban-type settlements in Ukraine by subdivision">Urban-type settlements</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Category:Crimea" title="Category:Crimea">Category:Crimea</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Autonomous_Republic_of_Crimea&#124;link=Autonomous_Republic_of_Crimea_Administrative_divisions_of_the_Autonomous_Republic_of_Crimea_(since_2020)627" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Subdivisions_of_Crimea_since_2020" title="Template:Subdivisions of Crimea since 2020"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Subdivisions_of_Crimea_since_2020" title="Template talk:Subdivisions of Crimea since 2020"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Subdivisions_of_Crimea_since_2020" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Subdivisions of Crimea since 2020"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Autonomous_Republic_of_Crimea&#124;link=Autonomous_Republic_of_Crimea_Administrative_divisions_of_the_Autonomous_Republic_of_Crimea_(since_2020)627" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Republic_of_Crimea" title="Autonomous Republic of Crimea"><img alt="Autonomous Republic of Crimea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Crimea.svg/40px-Flag_of_Crimea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Flag_of_Crimea.svg/60px-Flag_of_Crimea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Crimea" title="Administrative divisions of Crimea">Administrative divisions</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Republic_of_Crimea" title="Autonomous Republic of Crimea">Autonomous Republic of Crimea</a> (since 2020)</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><a href="/wiki/Capital_city" title="Capital city">Capital</a>: <b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Simferopol</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Raions_of_Crimea" title="Category:Raions of Crimea"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip" title="Raions of Crimea">Raions</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bakhchysarai_Raion" title="Bakhchysarai Raion">Bakhchysarai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bilohirsk_Raion" title="Bilohirsk Raion">Bilohirsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dzhankoi_Raion" title="Dzhankoi Raion">Dzhankoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yevpatoria_Raion" title="Yevpatoria Raion">Yevpatoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerch_Raion" title="Kerch Raion">Kerch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krasnohvardiiske_Raion" title="Krasnohvardiiske Raion">Kurman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krasnoperekopsk_Raion" title="Krasnoperekopsk Raion">Perekop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simferopol_Raion" title="Simferopol Raion">Simferopol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feodosia_Raion" title="Feodosia Raion">Feodosia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yalta_Raion" title="Yalta Raion">Yalta</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_Crimea.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Emblem_of_Crimea.svg/80px-Emblem_of_Crimea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="91" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Emblem_of_Crimea.svg/120px-Emblem_of_Crimea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Emblem_of_Crimea.svg/160px-Emblem_of_Crimea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="396" data-file-height="451" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cities and rural settlements <br />under the hromadas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cities_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Cities of Ukraine">Cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alupka" title="Alupka">Alupka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alushta" title="Alushta">Alushta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armiansk" title="Armiansk">Armiansk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bilohirsk" title="Bilohirsk">Bilohirsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bakhchysarai" title="Bakhchysarai">Bakhchysarai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dzhankoi" title="Dzhankoi">Dzhankoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feodosia" title="Feodosia">Feodosia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inkerman" title="Inkerman">Inkerman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerch" title="Kerch">Kerch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krasnoperekopsk" title="Krasnoperekopsk">Krasnoperekopsk / Yany Kapu</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Simferopol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saky" title="Saky">Saky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shcholkine" title="Shcholkine">Shcholkine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staryi_Krym" title="Staryi Krym">Staryi Krym</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudak" title="Sudak">Sudak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yalta" title="Yalta">Yalta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yevpatoria" title="Yevpatoria">Yevpatoria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Populated_places_in_Ukraine#Rural_settlements" title="Populated places in Ukraine">Rural settlements</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aeroflotskyi" title="Aeroflotskyi">Aeroflotskyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahrarne" title="Ahrarne">Ahrarne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azovske" title="Azovske">Azovske</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baherove" title="Baherove">Baherove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berehove,_Yalta_municipality" class="mw-redirect" title="Berehove, Yalta municipality">Berehove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chornomorske" title="Chornomorske">Chornomorske</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foros,_Crimea" title="Foros, Crimea">Foros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaspra" title="Gaspra">Haspra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hurzuf" class="mw-redirect" title="Hurzuf">Hurzuf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holuba_Zatoka" title="Holuba Zatoka">Holuba Zatoka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hresivskyi" title="Hresivskyi">Hresivskyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hvardiiske,_Simferopol_Raion" title="Hvardiiske, Simferopol Raion">Hvardiiske</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katsiveli" title="Katsiveli">Katsiveli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirovske,_Crimea" title="Kirovske, Crimea">Kirovske / Isliam-Terek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koktebel" title="Koktebel">Koktebel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komsomolske,_Crimea" title="Komsomolske, Crimea">Komsomolske / Bakachyk-Kyiat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koreiz" title="Koreiz">Koreiz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krasnohvardiiske" title="Krasnohvardiiske">Krasnohvardiiske / Kurman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krasnokamianka_(urban-type_settlement)" class="mw-redirect" title="Krasnokamianka (urban-type settlement)">Krasnokamianka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albat" class="mw-redirect" title="Albat">Kuibysheve / Albat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurortne,_Feodosia_Municipality,_Crimea" title="Kurortne, Feodosia Municipality, Crimea">Kurortne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurpaty" title="Kurpaty">Kurpaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lenine,_Crimea" title="Lenine, Crimea">Lenine / Yedy-Kuiu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Livadiya,_Crimea" title="Livadiya, Crimea">Livadiia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masandra" class="mw-redirect" title="Masandra">Masandra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molodizhne,_Simferopol_Raion" title="Molodizhne, Simferopol Raion">Molodizhne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mykolaivka,_Simferopol_Raion" title="Mykolaivka, Simferopol Raion">Mykolaivka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myrnyi" title="Myrnyi">Myrnyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nauchnyi" title="Nauchnyi">Nauchnyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikita,_Crimea" title="Nikita, Crimea">Nikita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novofedorivka" title="Novofedorivka">Novofedorivka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novoozerne" title="Novoozerne">Novoozerne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novoselivske" title="Novoselivske">Novoselivske</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novyi_Svit" title="Novyi Svit">Novyi Svit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyzhnohirskyi" class="mw-redirect" title="Nyzhnohirskyi">Nyzhnohirskyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oktiabrske" title="Oktiabrske">Oktiabrske / Biiuk-Onlar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ordzhonikidze,_Crimea" title="Ordzhonikidze, Crimea">Ordzhonikidze / Kaihador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oreanda" title="Oreanda">Oreanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parkove" title="Parkove">Parkove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partenit" title="Partenit">Partenit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pervomaiske,_Crimea" title="Pervomaiske, Crimea">Pervomaiske</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ponyzivka" title="Ponyzivka">Ponyzivka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poshtove,_Crimea" title="Poshtove, Crimea">Poshtove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prymorskyi" title="Prymorskyi">Prymorskyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rozdolne" title="Rozdolne">Rozdolne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanatorne" title="Sanatorne">Sanatorne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shchebetovka" title="Shchebetovka">Shchebetovka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simeiz" title="Simeiz">Simeiz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sokolyne" title="Sokolyne">Sokolyne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sovietske" title="Sovietske">Sovietske / Dolossy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sovietskyi" title="Sovietskyi">Sovietskyi / Ichki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vidradne_(urban-type_settlement)" class="mw-redirect" title="Vidradne (urban-type settlement)">Vidradne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vilne,_Dzhankoi_Raion" title="Vilne, Dzhankoi Raion">Vilne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voskhod,_Yalta_Municipality" title="Voskhod, Yalta Municipality">Voskhod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vynohradne" title="Vynohradne">Vynohradne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaozerne" title="Zaozerne">Zaozerne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zuya,_Crimea" title="Zuya, Crimea">Zuia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><sup>1</sup>Due to <a href="/wiki/Russian_occupation_of_Crimea" title="Russian occupation of Crimea">continued occupation</a>, not yet implemented</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Administrative_divisions_of_Ukraine943" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Administrative_divisions_of_Ukraine" title="Template:Administrative divisions of Ukraine"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Administrative_divisions_of_Ukraine" title="Template talk:Administrative divisions of Ukraine"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Administrative_divisions_of_Ukraine" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Administrative divisions of Ukraine"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Administrative_divisions_of_Ukraine943" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Ukraine" title="Administrative divisions of Ukraine">Administrative divisions of Ukraine</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Capital_city" title="Capital city">Capital</a>: <b><a href="/wiki/Kyiv" title="Kyiv">Kyiv</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Oblasts_of_Ukraine" title="Oblasts of Ukraine">Oblasts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cherkasy_Oblast" title="Cherkasy Oblast">Cherkasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chernihiv_Oblast" title="Chernihiv Oblast">Chernihiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chernivtsi_Oblast" title="Chernivtsi Oblast">Chernivtsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dnipropetrovsk_Oblast" title="Dnipropetrovsk Oblast">Dnipropetrovsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donetsk_Oblast" title="Donetsk Oblast">Donetsk</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivano-Frankivsk_Oblast" title="Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast">Ivano-Frankivsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kharkiv_Oblast" title="Kharkiv Oblast">Kharkiv</a><sup>4</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kherson_Oblast" title="Kherson Oblast">Kherson</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khmelnytskyi_Oblast" title="Khmelnytskyi Oblast">Khmelnytskyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirovohrad_Oblast" title="Kirovohrad Oblast">Kirovohrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyiv_Oblast" title="Kyiv Oblast">Kyiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luhansk_Oblast" title="Luhansk Oblast">Luhansk</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lviv_Oblast" title="Lviv Oblast">Lviv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mykolaiv_Oblast" title="Mykolaiv Oblast">Mykolaiv</a><sup>3</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odesa_Oblast" title="Odesa Oblast">Odesa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poltava_Oblast" title="Poltava Oblast">Poltava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rivne_Oblast" title="Rivne Oblast">Rivne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumy_Oblast" title="Sumy Oblast">Sumy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ternopil_Oblast" title="Ternopil Oblast">Ternopil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinnytsia_Oblast" title="Vinnytsia Oblast">Vinnytsia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volyn_Oblast" title="Volyn Oblast">Volyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zakarpattia_Oblast" title="Zakarpattia Oblast">Zakarpattia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaporizhzhia_Oblast" title="Zaporizhzhia Oblast">Zaporizhzhia</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhytomyr_Oblast" title="Zhytomyr Oblast">Zhytomyr</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/City_with_special_status" title="City with special status">Cities with special status</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kyiv" title="Kyiv">Kyiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol">Sevastopol</a><sup>1</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_republics_of_Ukraine" class="mw-redirect" title="Autonomous republics of Ukraine">Autonomous republic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Republic_of_Crimea" title="Autonomous Republic of Crimea">Crimea</a><sup>1</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Administrative centers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cherkasy" title="Cherkasy">Cherkasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chernihiv" title="Chernihiv">Chernihiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chernivtsi" title="Chernivtsi">Chernivtsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dnipro" title="Dnipro">Dnipro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donetsk" title="Donetsk">Donetsk</a><sup>2</sup> (<a href="/wiki/Kramatorsk" title="Kramatorsk">Kramatorsk</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivano-Frankivsk" title="Ivano-Frankivsk">Ivano-Frankivsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kharkiv" title="Kharkiv">Kharkiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kherson" title="Kherson">Kherson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khmelnytskyi" title="Khmelnytskyi">Khmelnytskyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kropyvnytskyi" title="Kropyvnytskyi">Kropyvnytskyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyiv" title="Kyiv">Kyiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luhansk" title="Luhansk">Luhansk</a><sup>2</sup> (<a href="/wiki/Sievierodonetsk" title="Sievierodonetsk">Sievierodonetsk</a><sup>2</sup>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lutsk" title="Lutsk">Lutsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lviv" title="Lviv">Lviv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mykolaiv" title="Mykolaiv">Mykolaiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odesa" title="Odesa">Odesa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poltava" title="Poltava">Poltava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rivne" title="Rivne">Rivne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol">Sevastopol</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Simferopol</a><sup>1</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumy" title="Sumy">Sumy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ternopil" title="Ternopil">Ternopil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzhhorod" title="Uzhhorod">Uzhhorod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinnytsia" title="Vinnytsia">Vinnytsia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaporizhzhia" title="Zaporizhzhia">Zaporizhzhia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhytomyr" title="Zhytomyr">Zhytomyr</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><sup>1</sup>Claimed and controlled by <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a> as the <a href="/wiki/Republics_of_Russia" title="Republics of Russia">Republic</a> of <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Crimea_(Russia)" title="Republic of Crimea (Russia)">Crimea</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Federal_cities_of_Russia" title="Federal cities of Russia">Federal City</a> of <a href="/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol">Sevastopol</a> <br /> <sup>2</sup>Claimed and partially controlled by Russia as the <a href="/wiki/Republics_of_Russia" title="Republics of Russia">Republics</a> <a href="/wiki/Donetsk_People%27s_Republic" title="Donetsk People's Republic">Donetsk People's Republic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lugansk_People%27s_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Lugansk People's Republic">Lugansk People's Republic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Zaporizhzhia_Oblast_(Russia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Zaporizhzhia Oblast (Russia)">Zaporozhye</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kherson_Oblast_(Russia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kherson Oblast (Russia)">Kherson</a> <a href="/wiki/Oblasts_of_Russia" title="Oblasts of Russia">oblasts</a><br /> <sup>3</sup> Partially claimed and partially controlled by Russia as a part of <a href="/wiki/Kherson_Oblast_(Russia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kherson Oblast (Russia)">Kherson</a> <a href="/wiki/Oblasts_of_Russia" title="Oblasts of Russia">oblast</a><br /> <sup>4</sup>Partially controlled by Russia, but not claimed as its part</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Catherinian_pseudo-Hellenization32" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Catherinian_pseudo-Hellenization" title="Template:Catherinian pseudo-Hellenization"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Catherinian_pseudo-Hellenization" title="Template talk:Catherinian pseudo-Hellenization"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Catherinian_pseudo-Hellenization" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Catherinian pseudo-Hellenization"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Catherinian_pseudo-Hellenization32" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Catherinian pseudo-Hellenization</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ovidiopol" title="Ovidiopol">Ovidiopol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odesa" title="Odesa">Odessa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariupol" title="Mariupol">Mariupol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melitopol" title="Melitopol">Melitopol</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Simferopol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol">Sevastopol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kherson" title="Kherson">Kherson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grigoriopol" title="Grigoriopol">Grigoriopol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiraspol" title="Tiraspol">Tiraspol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olhopil,_Vinnytsia_Oblast" title="Olhopil, Vinnytsia Oblast">Olgopol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pervomaisk,_Mykolaiv_Oblast" title="Pervomaisk, Mykolaiv Oblast">Olviopol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikopol,_Ukraine" title="Nikopol, Ukraine">Nikopol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feodosia" title="Feodosia">Feodosia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yevpatoria" title="Yevpatoria">Yevpatoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stavropol" title="Stavropol">Stavropol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cities_in_Ukraine353" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cities_in_Ukraine" title="Template:Cities in Ukraine"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cities_in_Ukraine" title="Template talk:Cities in Ukraine"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cities_in_Ukraine" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cities in Ukraine"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cities_in_Ukraine353" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Ukraine" title="List of cities in Ukraine">Cities in Ukraine</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/City_with_special_status" title="City with special status">City with special status</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_regional_significance_(Ukraine)" title="City of regional significance (Ukraine)">City of regional significance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_district_significance_(Ukraine)" title="City of district significance (Ukraine)">City of district significance</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1,000,000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kyiv" title="Kyiv">Kyiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kharkiv" title="Kharkiv">Kharkiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dnipro" title="Dnipro">Dnipro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odesa" title="Odesa">Odesa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">500,000-1,000,000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Donetsk" title="Donetsk">Donetsk</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaporizhzhia" title="Zaporizhzhia">Zaporizhzhia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lviv" title="Lviv">Lviv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kryvyi_Rih" title="Kryvyi Rih">Kryvyi Rih</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">200,000-500,000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mykolaiv" title="Mykolaiv">Mykolaiv</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mariupol" title="Mariupol">Mariupol</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Luhansk" title="Luhansk">Luhansk</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Makiivka" title="Makiivka">Makiivka</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinnytsia" title="Vinnytsia">Vinnytsia</a></li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Simferopol</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol">Sevastopol</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kherson" title="Kherson">Kherson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poltava" title="Poltava">Poltava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chernihiv" title="Chernihiv">Chernihiv</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherkasy" title="Cherkasy">Cherkasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumy" title="Sumy">Sumy</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Horlivka" title="Horlivka">Horlivka</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhytomyr" title="Zhytomyr">Zhytomyr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamianske,_Kamianske_Raion" class="mw-redirect" title="Kamianske, Kamianske Raion">Kamianske</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kropyvnytskyi" title="Kropyvnytskyi">Kropyvnytskyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khmelnytskyi" title="Khmelnytskyi">Khmelnytskyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rivne" title="Rivne">Rivne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chernivtsi" title="Chernivtsi">Chernivtsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kremenchuk" title="Kremenchuk">Kremenchuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ternopil" title="Ternopil">Ternopil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivano-Frankivsk" title="Ivano-Frankivsk">Ivano-Frankivsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lutsk" title="Lutsk">Lutsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bila_Tserkva" title="Bila Tserkva">Bila Tserkva</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">100,000-200,000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kramatorsk" title="Kramatorsk">Kramatorsk</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Melitopol" title="Melitopol">Melitopol</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kerch" title="Kerch">Kerch</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikopol,_Ukraine" title="Nikopol, Ukraine">Nikopol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sloviansk" title="Sloviansk">Sloviansk</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Berdiansk" title="Berdiansk">Berdiansk</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sievierodonetsk" title="Sievierodonetsk">Sievierodonetsk</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Alchevsk" title="Alchevsk">Alchevsk</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pavlohrad" title="Pavlohrad">Pavlohrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzhhorod" title="Uzhhorod">Uzhhorod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brovary" title="Brovary">Brovary</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Yevpatoria" title="Yevpatoria">Yevpatoria</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><i>Cities located in <a href="/wiki/Russian-occupied_territories_of_Ukraine" title="Russian-occupied territories of Ukraine">Russian-occupied territories of Ukraine</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Capitals_of_European_states_and_territories937" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:List_of_European_capitals_by_region" title="Template:List of European capitals by region"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:List_of_European_capitals_by_region" title="Template talk:List of European capitals by region"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:List_of_European_capitals_by_region" title="Special:EditPage/Template:List of European capitals by region"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Capitals_of_European_states_and_territories937" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Capitals of European states and territories</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Capitals of <a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">dependent territories</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">states whose sovereignty is disputed</a> shown in <i>italics</i>.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam">Amsterdam</a></b>, Netherlands<sup>1</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Andorra_la_Vella" title="Andorra la Vella">Andorra la Vella</a></b>, Andorra</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Ankara" title="Ankara">Ankara</a></b>, Turkey<sup>2</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Astana" title="Astana">Astana</a></b>, Kazakhstan<sup>2</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a></b>, Greece</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Baku" title="Baku">Baku</a></b>, Azerbaijan<sup>2</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Belgrade" title="Belgrade">Belgrade</a></b>, Serbia</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a></b>, Germany</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Bern" title="Bern">Bern</a></b>, Switzerland</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Bratislava" title="Bratislava">Bratislava</a></b>, Slovakia</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Brussels" title="Brussels">Brussels</a></b>, Belgium<sup>3</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Bucharest" title="Bucharest">Bucharest</a></b>, Romania</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Budapest" title="Budapest">Budapest</a></b>, Hungary</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Chi%C8%99in%C4%83u" title="Chișinău">Chișinău</a></b>, Moldova</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Copenhagen" title="Copenhagen">Copenhagen</a></b>, Denmark</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Dublin" title="Dublin">Dublin</a></b>, Ireland</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Helsinki" title="Helsinki">Helsinki</a></b>, Finland</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Kyiv" title="Kyiv">Kyiv</a></b>, Ukraine</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Lisbon" title="Lisbon">Lisbon</a></b>, Portugal</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Ljubljana" title="Ljubljana">Ljubljana</a></b>, Slovenia</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a></b>, United Kingdom</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg_City" title="Luxembourg City">Luxembourg</a></b>, Luxembourg</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a></b>, Spain</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Minsk" title="Minsk">Minsk</a></b>, Belarus</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Monaco" title="Monaco">Monaco</a></b><sup>5</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a></b>, Russia</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Nicosia" title="Nicosia">Nicosia</a></b>, Cyprus<sup>2</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Oslo" title="Oslo">Oslo</a></b>, Norway</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a></b>, France</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Podgorica" title="Podgorica">Podgorica</a></b>, Montenegro</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Prague" title="Prague">Prague</a></b>, Czech Republic</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Reykjav%C3%ADk" title="Reykjavík">Reykjavík</a></b>, Iceland</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Riga" title="Riga">Riga</a></b>, Latvia</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a></b>, Italy</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/City_of_San_Marino" title="City of San Marino">San Marino</a></b>, San Marino</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Sarajevo" title="Sarajevo">Sarajevo</a></b>, Bosnia and Herzegovina</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Skopje" title="Skopje">Skopje</a></b>, North Macedonia</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Sofia" title="Sofia">Sofia</a></b>, Bulgaria</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Stockholm" title="Stockholm">Stockholm</a></b>, Sweden</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Tallinn" title="Tallinn">Tallinn</a></b>, Estonia</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Tbilisi" title="Tbilisi">Tbilisi</a></b>, Georgia<sup>2</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Tirana" title="Tirana">Tirana</a></b>, Albania</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Vaduz" title="Vaduz">Vaduz</a></b>, Liechtenstein</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Valletta" title="Valletta">Valletta</a></b>, Malta</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City</a></b><sup>4</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a></b>, Austria</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Vilnius" title="Vilnius">Vilnius</a></b>, Lithuania</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Warsaw" title="Warsaw">Warsaw</a></b>, Poland</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Yerevan" title="Yerevan">Yerevan</a></b>, Armenia<sup>2</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Zagreb" title="Zagreb">Zagreb</a></b>, Croatia</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">States with<br />limited recognition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/North_Nicosia" title="North Nicosia">North Nicosia</a></b>, Northern Cyprus</i><sup>2</sup></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Pristina" title="Pristina">Pristina</a></b>, Kosovo</i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Sokhumi" class="mw-redirect" title="Sokhumi">Sokhumi</a></b>, Abkhazia</i><sup>2</sup></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Tiraspol" title="Tiraspol">Tiraspol</a></b>, Transnistria</i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Tskhinvali" title="Tskhinvali">Tskhinvali</a></b>, South Ossetia</i><sup>2</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dependencies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Countries_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Countries of the United Kingdom">Constituent countries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a></b></i>, England</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a></b></i>, Scotland</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Cardiff" title="Cardiff">Cardiff</a></b></i>, Wales</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Belfast" title="Belfast">Belfast</a></b></i>, Northern Ireland</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Crown_Dependencies" title="Crown Dependencies">Crown Dependencies</a> and<br /><a href="/wiki/British_Overseas_Territories" title="British Overseas Territories">Overseas Territories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Douglas,_Isle_of_Man" title="Douglas, Isle of Man">Douglas</a></b></i>, Isle of Man</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Episkopi_Cantonment" title="Episkopi Cantonment">Episkopi Cantonment</a></b></i>, Akrotiri and Dhekelia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar" title="Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a></b></i>, Gibraltar</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/St_Helier" title="St Helier">St Helier</a></b></i>, Jersey</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Saint_Peter_Port" title="Saint Peter Port">Saint Peter Port</a></b></i>, Guernsey</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Longyearbyen" title="Longyearbyen">Longyearbyen</a></b>, Svalbard (Norway)</i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/T%C3%B3rshavn" title="Tórshavn">Tórshavn</a></b>, Faroe Islands (Denmark)</i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Federal states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Austria" class="mw-redirect" title="Provinces of Austria">Austria</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Bregenz" title="Bregenz">Bregenz</a></b></i>, Vorarlberg</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Eisenstadt" title="Eisenstadt">Eisenstadt</a></b></i>, Burgenland</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Graz" title="Graz">Graz</a></b></i>, Styria</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Innsbruck" title="Innsbruck">Innsbruck</a></b></i>, Tyrol</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Klagenfurt" class="mw-redirect" title="Klagenfurt">Klagenfurt</a></b></i>, Carinthia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Linz" title="Linz">Linz</a></b></i>, Upper Austria</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Salzburg" title="Salzburg">Salzburg</a></b></i>, Salzburg</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Sankt_P%C3%B6lten" title="Sankt Pölten">Sankt Pölten</a></b></i>, Lower Austria</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a></b></i>, Vienna</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Communities,_regions_and_language_areas_of_Belgium#Communities" class="mw-redirect" title="Communities, regions and language areas of Belgium">Communities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/City_of_Brussels" title="City of Brussels">Brussels</a></b></i>, Flemish Community and French Community</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Eupen" title="Eupen">Eupen</a></b></i>, German-speaking Community</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Communities,_regions_and_language_areas_of_Belgium#Regions" class="mw-redirect" title="Communities, regions and language areas of Belgium">Regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/City_of_Brussels" title="City of Brussels">Brussels</a></b></i>, Brussels-Capital Region and Flanders</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Namur" title="Namur">Namur</a></b></i>, Wallonia</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Political_divisions_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Political divisions of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Banja_Luka" title="Banja Luka">Banja Luka</a></b></i> (de facto), Republika Srpska</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Br%C4%8Dko" title="Brčko">Brčko</a></b></i>, Brčko District</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Sarajevo" title="Sarajevo">Sarajevo</a></b></i>, Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/States_of_Germany" title="States of Germany">Germany</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a></b></i>, Berlin</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Bremen" title="Bremen">Bremen</a></b></i>, Bremen</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Dresden" title="Dresden">Dresden</a></b></i>, Saxony</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/D%C3%BCsseldorf" title="Düsseldorf">Düsseldorf</a></b></i>, North Rhine-Westphalia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Erfurt" title="Erfurt">Erfurt</a></b></i>, Thuringia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Hamburg" title="Hamburg">Hamburg</a></b></i>, Hamburg</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Hanover" title="Hanover">Hanover</a></b></i>, Lower Saxony</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Kiel" title="Kiel">Kiel</a></b></i>, Schleswig-Holstein</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Magdeburg" title="Magdeburg">Magdeburg</a></b></i>, Saxony-Anhalt</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Mainz" title="Mainz">Mainz</a></b></i>, Rhineland-Palatinate</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Munich" title="Munich">Munich</a></b></i>, Bavaria</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Potsdam" title="Potsdam">Potsdam</a></b></i>, Brandenburg</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Saarbr%C3%BCcken" title="Saarbrücken">Saarbrücken</a></b></i>, Saarland</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Schwerin" title="Schwerin">Schwerin</a></b></i>, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Stuttgart" title="Stuttgart">Stuttgart</a></b></i>, Baden-Württemberg</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden">Wiesbaden</a></b></i>, Hesse</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Federal_subjects_of_Russia" title="Federal subjects of Russia">Russia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Republics_of_Russia" title="Republics of Russia">Republics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Cheboksary" title="Cheboksary">Cheboksary</a></b></i>, Chuvashia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Cherkessk" title="Cherkessk">Cherkessk</a></b></i>, Karachay-Cherkessia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Elista" title="Elista">Elista</a></b></i>, Kalmykia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Grozny" title="Grozny">Grozny</a></b></i>, Chechnya</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Izhevsk" title="Izhevsk">Izhevsk</a></b></i>, Udmurtia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Kazan" title="Kazan">Kazan</a></b></i>, Tatarstan</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Magas,_Russia" title="Magas, Russia">Magas</a></b></i>, Ingushetia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Makhachkala" title="Makhachkala">Makhachkala</a></b></i>, Dagestan</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Maykop" title="Maykop">Maykop</a></b></i>, Adygea</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Nalchik" title="Nalchik">Nalchik</a></b></i>, Kabardino-Balkaria</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Petrozavodsk" title="Petrozavodsk">Petrozavodsk</a></b></i>, Karelia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Saransk" title="Saransk">Saransk</a></b></i>, Mordovia</li> <li><i><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Simferopol</a></b></i>, Crimea (<a href="/wiki/Political_status_of_Crimea" title="Political status of Crimea">disputed</a>)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Syktyvkar" title="Syktyvkar">Syktyvkar</a></b></i>, Komi</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Ufa" title="Ufa">Ufa</a></b></i>, Bashkortostan</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Vladikavkaz" title="Vladikavkaz">Vladikavkaz</a></b></i>, North Ossetia–Alania</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Yoshkar-Ola" title="Yoshkar-Ola">Yoshkar-Ola</a></b></i>, Mari El</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_okrugs_of_Russia" title="Autonomous okrugs of Russia">Autonomous okrugs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Naryan-Mar" title="Naryan-Mar">Naryan-Mar</a></b></i>, Nenets</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Krais_of_Russia" title="Krais of Russia">Krais</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Krasnodar" title="Krasnodar">Krasnodar</a></b></i>, Krasnodar Krai</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Perm,_Russia" title="Perm, Russia">Perm</a></b></i>, Perm Krai</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Stavropol" title="Stavropol">Stavropol</a></b></i>, Stavropol Krai</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Oblasts_of_Russia" title="Oblasts of Russia">Oblasts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Arkhangelsk" title="Arkhangelsk">Arkhangelsk</a></b></i>, Arkhangelsk Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Astrakhan" title="Astrakhan">Astrakhan</a></b></i>, Astrakhan Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Belgorod" title="Belgorod">Belgorod</a></b></i>, Belgorod Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Bryansk" title="Bryansk">Bryansk</a></b></i>, Bryansk Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Ivanovo" title="Ivanovo">Ivanovo</a></b></i>, Ivanovo Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad">Kaliningrad</a></b></i>, Kaliningrad Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Kaluga" title="Kaluga">Kaluga</a></b></i>, Kaluga Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Kirov,_Kirov_Oblast" title="Kirov, Kirov Oblast">Kirov</a></b></i>, Kirov Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Kostroma" title="Kostroma">Kostroma</a></b></i>, Kostroma Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Krasnogorsk,_Moscow_Oblast" title="Krasnogorsk, Moscow Oblast">Krasnogorsk</a> and <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a></b></i>, Moscow Oblast (de facto)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Kursk" title="Kursk">Kursk</a></b></i>, Kursk Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Lipetsk" title="Lipetsk">Lipetsk</a></b></i>, Lipetsk Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Murmansk" title="Murmansk">Murmansk</a></b></i>, Murmansk Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Nizhny_Novgorod" title="Nizhny Novgorod">Nizhny Novgorod</a></b></i>, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Orenburg" title="Orenburg">Orenburg</a></b></i>, Orenburg Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Oryol" title="Oryol">Oryol</a></b></i>, Oryol Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Penza" title="Penza">Penza</a></b></i>, Penza Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Pskov" title="Pskov">Pskov</a></b></i>, Pskov Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Rostov-on-Don" title="Rostov-on-Don">Rostov-on-Don</a></b></i>, Rostov Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Ryazan" title="Ryazan">Ryazan</a></b></i>, Ryazan Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Gatchina" title="Gatchina">Gatchina</a></b></i>, Leningrad Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Samara" title="Samara">Samara</a></b></i>, Samara Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Saratov" title="Saratov">Saratov</a></b></i>, Saratov Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Smolensk" title="Smolensk">Smolensk</a></b></i>, Smolensk Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Tambov" title="Tambov">Tambov</a></b></i>, Tambov Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Tula,_Russia" title="Tula, Russia">Tula</a></b></i>, Tula Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Tver" title="Tver">Tver</a></b></i>, Tver Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Ulyanovsk" title="Ulyanovsk">Ulyanovsk</a></b></i>, Ulyanovsk Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Veliky_Novgorod" title="Veliky Novgorod">Veliky Novgorod</a></b></i>, Novgorod Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Vladimir,_Russia" title="Vladimir, Russia">Vladimir</a></b></i>, Vladimir Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Volgograd" title="Volgograd">Volgograd</a></b></i>, Volgograd Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Vologda" title="Vologda">Vologda</a></b></i>, Vologda Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Voronezh" title="Voronezh">Voronezh</a></b></i>, Voronezh Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Yaroslavl" title="Yaroslavl">Yaroslavl</a></b></i>, Yaroslavl Oblast</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Federal_cities_of_Russia" title="Federal cities of Russia">Federal cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a></b></i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Saint Petersburg</a></b></i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol">Sevastopol</a></b></i> (<a href="/wiki/Political_status_of_Crimea" title="Political status of Crimea">disputed</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cantons_of_Switzerland" title="Cantons of Switzerland">Switzerland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Aarau" title="Aarau">Aarau</a></b></i>, Aargau</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Altdorf,_Uri" title="Altdorf, Uri">Altdorf</a></b></i>, Uri</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Appenzell_(village)" title="Appenzell (village)">Appenzell</a></b></i>, Appenzell Innerrhoden</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Basel" title="Basel">Basel</a></b></i>, Basel-Stadt</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Bellinzona" title="Bellinzona">Bellinzona</a></b></i>, Ticino</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Chur" title="Chur">Chur</a></b></i>, Grisons</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Del%C3%A9mont" title="Delémont">Delémont</a></b></i>, Jura</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Frauenfeld" title="Frauenfeld">Frauenfeld</a></b></i>, Thurgau</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Fribourg" title="Fribourg">Fribourg</a></b></i>, Canton of Fribourg</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Geneva" title="Geneva">Geneva</a></b></i>, Canton of Geneva</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Herisau" title="Herisau">Herisau</a></b></i>, Appenzell Ausserrhoden</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Lausanne" title="Lausanne">Lausanne</a></b></i>, Vaud</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Liestal" title="Liestal">Liestal</a></b></i>, Basel-Landschaft</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Lucerne" title="Lucerne">Lucerne</a></b></i>, Canton of Lucerne</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Neuch%C3%A2tel" title="Neuchâtel">Neuchâtel</a></b></i>, Canton of Neuchâtel</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Sarnen" title="Sarnen">Sarnen</a></b></i>, Obwalden</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Schaffhausen" title="Schaffhausen">Schaffhausen</a></b></i>, Canton of Schaffhausen</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Schwyz" title="Schwyz">Schwyz</a></b></i>, Canton of Schwyz</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Sion,_Switzerland" title="Sion, Switzerland">Sion</a></b></i>, Valais</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Solothurn" title="Solothurn">Solothurn</a></b></i>, Canton of Solothurn</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Stans" title="Stans">Stans</a></b></i>, Nidwalden</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/St._Gallen" title="St. Gallen">St. Gallen</a></b></i>, Canton of St. Gallen</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Glarus" title="Glarus">Glarus</a></b></i>, Canton of Glarus</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Zug" title="Zug">Zug</a></b></i>, Canton of Zug</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Zurich" title="Zurich">Zurich</a></b></i>, Canton of Zürich</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Autonomous<br />entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Autonomous_regions79" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Italy#Autonomous_regions_with_special_statute" title="Regions of Italy">Autonomous regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Cagliari" title="Cagliari">Cagliari</a></b></i>, Sardinia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Palermo" title="Palermo">Palermo</a></b></i>, Sicily</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Trento" title="Trento">Trento</a></b></i>, Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Aosta" title="Aosta">Aosta</a></b></i>, Aosta Valley</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Trieste" title="Trieste">Trieste</a></b></i>, Friuli Venezia Giulia</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Autonomous_regions53" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_regions_of_Portugal" class="mw-redirect" title="Autonomous regions of Portugal">Autonomous regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Ponta_Delgada" title="Ponta Delgada">Ponta Delgada</a>, <a href="/wiki/Angra_do_Hero%C3%ADsmo" title="Angra do Heroísmo">Angra do Heroísmo</a>, & <a href="/wiki/Horta,_Azores" title="Horta, Azores">Horta</a></b></i>, Azores</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Funchal" title="Funchal">Funchal</a></b></i>, Madeira</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Barcelona" title="Barcelona">Barcelona</a></b></i>, Catalonia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Las_Palmas" title="Las Palmas">Las Palmas</a></b></i> & <i><b><a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a></b></i>, Canary Islands</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Logro%C3%B1o" title="Logroño">Logroño</a></b></i>, La Rioja</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a></b></i>, Community of Madrid</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9rida,_Spain" title="Mérida, Spain">Mérida</a></b></i>, Extremadura</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Murcia" title="Murcia">Murcia</a></b></i>, Region of Murcia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Oviedo" title="Oviedo">Oviedo</a></b></i>, Asturias</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Palma_de_Mallorca" title="Palma de Mallorca">Palma de Mallorca</a></b></i>, Balearic Islands</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Pamplona" title="Pamplona">Pamplona</a></b></i>, Navarre</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Santander,_Spain" title="Santander, Spain">Santander</a></b></i>, Cantabria</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Santiago_de_Compostela" title="Santiago de Compostela">Santiago de Compostela</a></b></i>, Galicia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Seville" title="Seville">Seville</a></b></i>, Andalusia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Toledo,_Spain" title="Toledo, Spain">Toledo</a></b></i>, Castilla–La Mancha (de facto)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Valencia" title="Valencia">Valencia</a></b></i>, Valencian Community</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Valladolid" title="Valladolid">Valladolid</a></b></i>, Castile and León (de facto)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Vitoria-Gasteiz" title="Vitoria-Gasteiz">Vitoria-Gasteiz</a></b></i>, Basque Country (de facto)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Zaragoza" title="Zaragoza">Zaragoza</a></b></i>, Aragon</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Ajaccio" title="Ajaccio">Ajaccio</a></b></i>, Corsica Collectivité (France)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Batumi" title="Batumi">Batumi</a></b></i>, Adjara (Georgia)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Comrat" title="Comrat">Comrat</a></b></i>, Gagauzia (Moldova)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Karyes,_Mount_Athos" title="Karyes, Mount Athos">Karyes</a></b></i>, Mount Athos (Greece)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Mariehamn" title="Mariehamn">Mariehamn</a></b></i>, Åland Islands (Finland)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Nakhchivan_(city)" title="Nakhchivan (city)">Nakhchivan</a></b></i>, Nakhchivan (Azerbaijan)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Novi_Sad" title="Novi Sad">Novi Sad</a></b></i>, Vojvodina (Serbia)</li> <li><i><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Simferopol</a></b></i>, Crimea (Ukraine)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup>1</sup></span> Also the capital of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Netherlands" title="Kingdom of the Netherlands">Kingdom of the Netherlands</a></li> <li><span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup>2</sup></span> Continental placement may vary <a href="/wiki/Boundaries_between_the_continents_of_Earth#Asia_and_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Boundaries between the continents of Earth">depending on geographic convention</a> being followed</li> <li><span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup>3</sup></span> Also the seat of the European Union, see <a href="/wiki/Institutional_seats_of_the_European_Union" title="Institutional seats of the European Union">Institutional seats of the European Union</a> and <a href="/wiki/Brussels_and_the_European_Union" title="Brussels and the European Union">Brussels and the European Union</a></li> <li><span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup>4</sup></span> A city-state</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation141" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Template:Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Template talk:Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation141" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Part of the <a href="/wiki/Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Russo-Ukrainian War">Russo-Ukrainian War</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Main topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="Timeline of the annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_reactions_to_the_annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Federation" title="International reactions to the annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation">International reaction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_military_units_in_the_2014_Crimean_crisis" title="List of military units in the 2014 Crimean crisis">List of military units</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_sanctions_during_the_Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="International sanctions during the Russo-Ukrainian War">International sanctions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_sanctioned_during_the_Ukrainian_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="List of people sanctioned during the Ukrainian crisis">List of sanctioned individuals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_that_applied_sanctions_during_the_Crimean_crisis" class="mw-redirect" title="List of companies that applied sanctions during the Crimean crisis">List of companies that applied sanctions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_anti-war_protests_in_Russia" title="2014 anti-war protests in Russia">2014 anti-war protests in Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reaction_of_Russian_intelligentsia_to_the_2014_annexation_of_Crimea" title="Reaction of Russian intelligentsia to the 2014 annexation of Crimea">Reaction of Russian intelligentsia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Crimean_status_referendum" title="2014 Crimean status referendum">2014 Crimean status referendum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly_Resolution_68/262" title="United Nations General Assembly Resolution 68/262">UN General Assembly Resolution 68/262</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Declaration_of_Independence_of_the_Republic_of_Crimea" title="Declaration of Independence of the Republic of Crimea">Declaration of Independence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Crimea_(Russia)" title="Republic of Crimea (Russia)">Republic of Crimea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Republic_of_Crimea" title="Constitution of the Republic of Crimea">2014 Constitution of Crimea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_status_of_Crimea" title="Political status of Crimea">Political status</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimean_Federal_District" title="Crimean Federal District">Crimean Federal District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_impact_of_the_Russian_occupation_of_Crimea" title="Environmental impact of the Russian occupation of Crimea">Environmental impact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimean_speech_of_Vladimir_Putin" title="Crimean speech of Vladimir Putin">Crimean speech of Vladimir Putin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medal_%22For_the_Return_of_Crimea%22" title="Medal "For the Return of Crimea"">Medal "For the Return of Crimea"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_the_Crimean_Parliament" title="Capture of the Crimean Parliament">Capture of the Crimean Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Southern_Naval_Base" title="Capture of Southern Naval Base">Capture of Southern Naval Base</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Simferopol_incident" title="2014 Simferopol incident">2014 Simferopol incident</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Background</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Crimea" title="History of Crimea">History of Crimea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annexation_of_Crimea_by_the_Russian_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Empire">1783 annexation by Russian Empire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimean_People%27s_Republic" title="Crimean People's Republic">Crimean People's Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimean_Autonomous_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic">1921–1945 Crimean ASSR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deportation_of_the_Crimean_Tatars" title="Deportation of the Crimean Tatars">1944 deportation of the Crimean Tatars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimean_Oblast" class="mw-redirect" title="Crimean Oblast">1945–1991 Crimean Oblast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1954_transfer_of_Crimea" class="mw-redirect" title="1954 transfer of Crimea">1954 transfer of Crimea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1991%E2%80%931992_Crimean_ASSR" class="mw-redirect" title="1991–1992 Crimean ASSR">1991–1992 Crimean ASSR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Crimea_(1992_to_1995)" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Crimea (1992 to 1995)">Republic of Crimea (1992 to 1995)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_constitution_of_Crimea" class="mw-redirect" title="1992 constitution of Crimea">1992 constitution of Crimea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Sea_Fleet_dispute" title="Black Sea Fleet dispute">Black Sea Fleet dispute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Republic_of_Crimea" title="Autonomous Republic of Crimea">Autonomous Republic of Crimea (since 1995)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Crimea" title="President of Crimea">1994–1995 President of Crimea</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yuriy_Meshkov" title="Yuriy Meshkov">Yuriy Meshkov</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budapest_Memorandum" title="Budapest Memorandum">1994 Budapest Memorandum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Partition_Treaty_on_the_Status_and_Conditions_of_the_Black_Sea_Fleet" title="Partition Treaty on the Status and Conditions of the Black Sea Fleet">1997 Partition Treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1998_Constitution_of_Crimea" class="mw-redirect" title="1998 Constitution of Crimea">1998 Constitution of Crimea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2003_Tuzla_Island_conflict" title="2003 Tuzla Island conflict">2003 Tuzla Island conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_anti-NATO_protests_in_Feodosia" title="2006 anti-NATO protests in Feodosia">2006 anti-NATO protests in Feodosia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kharkiv_Pact" title="Kharkiv Pact">2010 Kharkiv Pact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Language_policy_in_Ukraine#Bill_"On_the_principles_of_the_State_language_policy"" title="Language policy in Ukraine">2012 law on languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euromaidan" title="Euromaidan">2013–2014 Euromaidan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolution_of_Dignity" title="Revolution of Dignity">Revolution of Dignity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/40th_G7_summit" title="40th G7 summit">40th G7 summit</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Main places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Simferopol</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Simferopol_International_Airport" title="Simferopol International Airport">Simferopol Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Building_of_the_Supreme_Council_of_Crimea" title="Building of the Supreme Council of Crimea">Building of the Supreme Council of Crimea</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol">Sevastopol</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sevastopol_International_Airport" title="Sevastopol International Airport">Belbek Airport</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crimean_Bridge" title="Crimean Bridge">Crimean Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donuzlav" title="Donuzlav">Donuzlav</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Russian_cruiser_Ochakov" title="Russian cruiser Ochakov">Ochakov</a></i> scuttling</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perevalne" title="Perevalne">Perevalne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armiansk" title="Armiansk">Armiansk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dzhankoi" title="Dzhankoi">Dzhankoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chonhar" title="Chonhar">Chonhar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_Krym" title="Port Krym">Port Krym</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strilkove" title="Strilkove">Strilkove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabat_Spit" title="Arabat Spit">Arabat Spit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novofedorivka" title="Novofedorivka">Novofedorivka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pro-Russian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Verkhovna_Rada_of_Crimea" title="Verkhovna Rada of Crimea">Supreme Council of Crimea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Ministers_of_Crimea" title="Council of Ministers of Crimea">Council of Ministers of Crimea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sevastopol_City_Council" title="Sevastopol City Council">Sevastopol City Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Armed_Forces" title="Russian Armed Forces">Russian Armed Forces</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Black_Sea_Fleet" title="Black Sea Fleet">Black Sea Fleet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Airborne_Troops" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian Airborne Troops">Russian Airborne Troops</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_green_men_(Russo-Ukrainian_War)" title="Little green men (Russo-Ukrainian War)">Little green men</a></li></ul></li> <li>Crimean <a href="/wiki/Berkut_(special_police_force)" title="Berkut (special police force)">Berkut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Unity" title="Russian Unity">Russian Unity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Night_Wolves" title="Night Wolves">Night Wolves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuban_Cossacks" title="Kuban Cossacks">Kuban Cossacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Choice" title="Ukrainian Choice">Ukrainian Choice</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lead figures (Russia)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Putin" title="Vladimir Putin">Vladimir Putin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Medvedev" title="Dmitry Medvedev">Dmitry Medvedev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Shoigu" class="mw-redirect" title="Sergey Shoigu">Sergey Shoigu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladislav_Surkov" title="Vladislav Surkov">Vladislav Surkov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Lavrov" title="Sergey Lavrov">Sergey Lavrov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valery_Gerasimov" title="Valery Gerasimov">Valery Gerasimov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igor_Sergun" title="Igor Sergun">Igor Sergun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleksandr_Vitko" title="Aleksandr Vitko">Aleksandr Vitko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleg_Belaventsev" title="Oleg Belaventsev">Oleg Belaventsev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rustam_Minnikhanov" title="Rustam Minnikhanov">Rustam Minnikhanov</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lead figures (Crimea)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Aksyonov" title="Sergey Aksyonov">Sergey Aksyonov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Konstantinov_(politician)" title="Vladimir Konstantinov (politician)">Vladimir Konstantinov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natalia_Poklonskaya" title="Natalia Poklonskaya">Natalia Poklonskaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rustam_Temirgaliev" title="Rustam Temirgaliev">Rustam Temirgaliev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denis_Berezovsky" title="Denis Berezovsky">Denis Berezovsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergei_Yeliseyev_(admiral)" title="Sergei Yeliseyev (admiral)">Sergei Yeliseyev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleksei_Chaly" title="Aleksei Chaly">Aleksei Chaly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igor_Bezler" title="Igor Bezler">Igor Besler</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pro-Ukrainian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/First_Yatsenyuk_government" title="First Yatsenyuk government">Yatsenyuk government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verkhovna_Rada" title="Verkhovna Rada">Parliamentary</a> parties <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All-Ukrainian_Union_%22Fatherland%22" class="mw-redirect" title="All-Ukrainian Union "Fatherland"">Batkivshchyna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_(political_party)" class="mw-redirect" title="Freedom (political party)">Svoboda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Democratic_Alliance_for_Reform" title="Ukrainian Democratic Alliance for Reform">UDAR</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_Ukraine" title="Armed Forces of Ukraine">Armed Forces of Ukraine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Ground_Forces" title="Ukrainian Ground Forces">Ukrainian Ground Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Navy" title="Ukrainian Navy">Ukrainian Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Guard_of_Ukraine" title="National Guard of Ukraine">National Guard of Ukraine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mejlis_of_the_Crimean_Tatar_People" title="Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar People">Mejlis of the Crimean Tatar People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Right_Sector" title="Right Sector">Right Sector</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lead figures (Ukraine)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oleksandr_Turchynov" title="Oleksandr Turchynov">Oleksandr Turchynov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arseniy_Yatsenyuk" title="Arseniy Yatsenyuk">Arseniy Yatsenyuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andriy_Parubiy" title="Andriy Parubiy">Andriy Parubiy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arsen_Avakov" title="Arsen Avakov">Arsen Avakov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valentyn_Nalyvaichenko" title="Valentyn Nalyvaichenko">Valentyn Nalyvaichenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ihor_Tenyukh" title="Ihor Tenyukh">Ihor Tenyukh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mykhailo_Kutsyn" title="Mykhailo Kutsyn">Mykhailo Kutsyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serhiy_Hayduk" title="Serhiy Hayduk">Serhiy Hayduk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lead figures (Crimea)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mustafa_Dzhemilev" title="Mustafa Dzhemilev">Mustafa Dzhemilev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refat_Chubarov" title="Refat Chubarov">Refat Chubarov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0lmi_%C3%9Cmerov" title="İlmi Ümerov">İlmi Ümerov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahtem_Chiygoz" title="Ahtem Chiygoz">Ahtem Chiygoz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serhiy_Kunitsyn" title="Serhiy Kunitsyn">Serhiy Kunitsyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuliy_Mamchur" title="Yuliy Mamchur">Yuliy Mamchur</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19566#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1501" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19566#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1501" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19566#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/152447875">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1211062/">FAST</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4446627-4">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n80159140">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Simferopol (Ukrajina)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge581754&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007564298305171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/1f001130-c539-43d4-bd37-2800d4407dec">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/090421841">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/akmescid">İslâm Ansiklopedisi</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.encyclopediaofukraine.com/display.asp?linkpath=pages\S\I\Simferopol">Internet Encyclopedia of Ukraine</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://auth.wikimedia.org/loginwiki/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Simferopol&oldid=1282943312">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Simferopol&oldid=1282943312</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Simferopol" title="Category:Simferopol">Simferopol</a></li><li><a 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