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<span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Transportation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Sports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Politics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture_and_Tourism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture_and_Tourism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Culture and Tourism</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture_and_Tourism-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Culture and Tourism subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Culture_and_Tourism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ulu_Cami_(Grand_Mosque)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ulu_Cami_(Grand_Mosque)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Ulu Cami (Grand Mosque)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ulu_Cami_(Grand_Mosque)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mosques_and_külliye_complexes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mosques_and_külliye_complexes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Mosques and külliye complexes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mosques_and_külliye_complexes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bazaars_and_caravanserais" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bazaars_and_caravanserais"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>Bazaars and caravanserais</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bazaars_and_caravanserais-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_historic_monuments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_historic_monuments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.4</span> <span>Other historic monuments</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_historic_monuments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Museums" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Museums"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.5</span> <span>Museums</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Museums-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Parks_and_gardens" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Parks_and_gardens"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.6</span> <span>Parks and gardens</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Parks_and_gardens-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hot_springs_and_thermal_baths" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hot_springs_and_thermal_baths"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.7</span> <span>Hot springs and thermal baths</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hot_springs_and_thermal_baths-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Jewish_community" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jewish_community"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.8</span> <span>Jewish community</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jewish_community-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.9</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Twin_towns_–_sister_cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Twin_towns_–_sister_cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.10</span> <span>Twin towns – sister cities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Twin_towns_–_sister_cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Bursa</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 120 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-120" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">120 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Bursa" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%89%A1%E1%88%AD%E1%88%B3" title="ቡርሳ – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ቡርሳ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Бурса – Abkhazian" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Бурса" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkhazian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B5%D8%A9_(%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A9)" title="بورصة (مدينة) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بورصة (مدينة)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa – Aromanian" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Bursa" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Aromanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Bursa" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Бурса – Avaric" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Бурса" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avaric" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Bursa" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%A7" title="بورسا – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="بورسا" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE" title="বুরসা – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বুরসা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0_(%D2%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0)" title="Бурса (ҡала) – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Бурса (ҡала)" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0_(%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4)" title="Бурса (горад) – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Бурса (горад)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Бурса – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Бурса" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Бурса – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Бурса" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Bursa" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Bursa" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Бурса – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Бурса" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Bursa" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa_(kapital_sa_lalawigan)" title="Bursa (kapital sa lalawigan) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Bursa (kapital sa lalawigan)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Bursa" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Bursa" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Bursa" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Bursa" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Bursa" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%8D%CF%83%CE%B1" title="Προύσα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Προύσα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Бурса – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Бурса" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Bursa" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Bursa" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Bursa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%A7" title="بورسا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بورسا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bursa" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa – Friulian" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Bursa" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friulian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Bursa" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Bursa" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8A%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%A7" title="بۊرسا – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="بۊرسا" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B6%80%EB%A5%B4%EC%82%AC" title="부르사 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="부르사" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Bursa" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%80%D5%BD%D5%A1" title="Բուրսա – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Բուրսա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE" title="बुर्सा – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="बुर्सा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Bursa" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Bursa" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa,_Turki" title="Bursa, Turki – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bursa, Turki" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Bursa" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%C3%A6_(%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80)" title="Бурсæ (сахар) – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Бурсæ (сахар)" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Bursa" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%A1%D7%94_(%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%A8)" title="בורסה (עיר) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="בורסה (עיר)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90" title="ბურსა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ბურსა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Бурса – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Бурса" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa – Kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Bursa" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Bursa" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa_(par%C3%AAzgeh)" title="Bursa (parêzgeh) – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Bursa (parêzgeh)" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Бурса – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Бурса" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Бурса – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Бурса" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Bursa" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Бурса – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Бурса" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prusa" title="Prusa – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Prusa" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Bursa" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Bursa" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa_(sjtad)" title="Bursa (sjtad) – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Bursa (sjtad)" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa_(telep%C3%BCl%C3%A9s)" title="Bursa (település) – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Bursa (település)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE" title="बुर्सा – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="बुर्सा" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Бурса – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Бурса" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Bursa" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%81%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BE" title="ബുർസാ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ബുർസാ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE" title="बुर्सा – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="बुर्सा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90_(%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A6%E1%83%90)" title="ბურსა (ნოღა) – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ბურსა (ნოღა)" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B5%D9%87" title="بورصه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بورصه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%A7" title="بورسا – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="بورسا" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bursa" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Bursa" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Бурса – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Бурса" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Бурса – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Бурса" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa_(stad)" title="Bursa (stad) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Bursa (stad)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE" title="बुर्सा – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="बुर्सा" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%96%E3%83%AB%E3%82%B5" title="ブルサ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ブルサ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0_(%D0%B3%D3%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0)" title="Бурса (гӀала) – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Бурса (гӀала)" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Bursa" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Bursa" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brossa" title="Brossa – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Brossa" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Бурса – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Бурса" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Bursa" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BE" title="ਬੁਰਸਾ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਬੁਰਸਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%B5%DB%81" title="برصہ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="برصہ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B5%D9%87" title="بورصه – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="بورصه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa_(miasto)" title="Bursa (miasto) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Bursa (miasto)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Bursa" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Bursa" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Bursa" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0_(%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4)" title="Бурса (город) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Бурса (город)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Bursa" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Bursa" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa,_Turkey" title="Bursa, Turkey – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Bursa, Turkey" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Bursa" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Bursa" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa_(mjasto)" title="Bursa (mjasto) – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Bursa (mjasto)" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Bursa" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%A7" title="بورسا – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="بورسا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Бурса – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Бурса" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Bursa" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Bursa" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Bursa" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BE" title="புர்சா – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="புர்சா" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Bursa" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B2" title="บูร์ซา – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="บูร์ซา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Бурса – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Бурса" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Bursa" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0_(%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9)" title="Бурса (хоорай) – Tuvinian" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Бурса (хоорай)" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="Tuvinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0" title="Бурса – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Бурса" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%83%D1%80%D1%81%D0%B0_(%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE)" title="Бурса (місто) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Бурса (місто)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%B5%DB%81" title="بورصہ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="بورصہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%87%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%A7" title="بۇرسا – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="بۇرسا" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burs_(lidn)" title="Burs (lidn) – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Burs (lidn)" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bursa" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Bursa" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa,_Turkeya" title="Bursa, Turkeya – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Bursa, Turkeya" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E5%B0%94%E8%90%A8" title="布尔萨 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="布尔萨" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E7%88%BE%E8%96%A9" title="布爾薩 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="布爾薩" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Bursa" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E5%B0%94%E8%90%A8" title="布尔萨 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="布尔萨" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bursa" title="Bursa – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Bursa" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q40738#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Bursa&params=40_11_N_29_03_E_region:TR-16_type:city(3101833)"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">40°11′N</span> <span class="longitude">29°03′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">40.183°N 29.050°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">40.183; 29.050</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">City in Bursa province in western Turkey</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Bursa_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Bursa (disambiguation)">Bursa (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">City in Marmara, Turkey</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Bursa</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category">City</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="multiimageinner" style="width:272px;max-width:272px;border:none"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:270px;max-width:270px"><div style="height:135px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bursa_image.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Bursa_image.jpg/268px-Bursa_image.jpg" decoding="async" width="268" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Bursa_image.jpg/402px-Bursa_image.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Bursa_image.jpg/536px-Bursa_image.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5760" data-file-height="2905" /></a></span></div><div>Hüdavendigar Park along the <a href="/wiki/Nil%C3%BCfer_River" title="Nilüfer River">Nilüfer River</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:146px;max-width:146px"><div style="height:96px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Teleferik,_Uluda%C4%9F.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Teleferik%2C_Uluda%C4%9F.jpg/144px-Teleferik%2C_Uluda%C4%9F.jpg" decoding="async" width="144" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Teleferik%2C_Uluda%C4%9F.jpg/216px-Teleferik%2C_Uluda%C4%9F.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Teleferik%2C_Uluda%C4%9F.jpg/288px-Teleferik%2C_Uluda%C4%9F.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span></div><div><a href="/wiki/Bursa_Uluda%C4%9F_Gondola" title="Bursa Uludağ Gondola">Bursa Uludağ Gondola</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:122px;max-width:122px"><div style="height:96px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ye%C5%9Fil_camii_bursa_-_panoramio_(14).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Ye%C5%9Fil_camii_bursa_-_panoramio_%2814%29.jpg/120px-Ye%C5%9Fil_camii_bursa_-_panoramio_%2814%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Ye%C5%9Fil_camii_bursa_-_panoramio_%2814%29.jpg/250px-Ye%C5%9Fil_camii_bursa_-_panoramio_%2814%29.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="7240" data-file-height="5793" /></a></span></div><div><a href="/wiki/Green_Mosque,_Bursa" title="Green Mosque, Bursa">Green Mosque</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:115px;max-width:115px"><div style="height:84px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bursa,_Turkey_(4505709750).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Bursa%2C_Turkey_%284505709750%29.jpg/120px-Bursa%2C_Turkey_%284505709750%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="113" height="85" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Bursa%2C_Turkey_%284505709750%29.jpg/250px-Bursa%2C_Turkey_%284505709750%29.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a></span></div><div><a href="/wiki/Koza_Han" title="Koza Han">Koza Han</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:153px;max-width:153px"><div style="height:84px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Irgand%C4%B1_k%C3%B6pr%C3%BCs%C3%BC_bursa_-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Irgand%C4%B1_k%C3%B6pr%C3%BCs%C3%BC_bursa_-_panoramio.jpg/250px-Irgand%C4%B1_k%C3%B6pr%C3%BCs%C3%BC_bursa_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="151" height="84" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Irgand%C4%B1_k%C3%B6pr%C3%BCs%C3%BC_bursa_-_panoramio.jpg/330px-Irgand%C4%B1_k%C3%B6pr%C3%BCs%C3%BC_bursa_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3352" data-file-height="1872" /></a></span></div><div><a href="/wiki/Irgand%C4%B1_Bridge" title="Irgandı Bridge">Irgandı Bridge</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:270px;max-width:270px"><div style="height:163px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cumhuriyet_cd.Bursa_-_panoramio_(3).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Cumhuriyet_cd.Bursa_-_panoramio_%283%29.jpg/268px-Cumhuriyet_cd.Bursa_-_panoramio_%283%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="268" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Cumhuriyet_cd.Bursa_-_panoramio_%283%29.jpg/402px-Cumhuriyet_cd.Bursa_-_panoramio_%283%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Cumhuriyet_cd.Bursa_-_panoramio_%283%29.jpg/536px-Cumhuriyet_cd.Bursa_-_panoramio_%283%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2368" /></a></span></div><div>Tram on Cumhuriyet Avenue</div></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bursa_City_Logo.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Official logo of Bursa"><img alt="Official logo of Bursa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/ca/Bursa_City_Logo.png/120px-Bursa_City_Logo.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/ca/Bursa_City_Logo.png/250px-Bursa_City_Logo.png 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Emblem of Bursa Metropolitan Municipality</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Marmara_Region_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bursa is located in Marmara"><img alt="Bursa is located in Marmara" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Marmara_Region_location_map.svg/250px-Marmara_Region_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Marmara_Region_location_map.svg/375px-Marmara_Region_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Marmara_Region_location_map.svg/500px-Marmara_Region_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="331" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:63.479%;left:61.551%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bursa"><img alt="Bursa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Bursa</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location of Bursa within the <a href="/wiki/Marmara_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Marmara Region">Region of Marmara</a> in Turkey</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Marmara</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738" /><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Turkey_relief_location_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bursa is located in Turkey"><img alt="Bursa is located in Turkey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Turkey_relief_location_map.jpg/250px-Turkey_relief_location_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Turkey_relief_location_map.jpg/500px-Turkey_relief_location_map.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1579" data-file-height="677" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:33.1%;left:18.622%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Bursa"><img alt="Bursa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Bursa</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Bursa (Turkey)</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Turkey</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Bursa&params=40_11_N_29_03_E_region:TR-16_type:city(3101833)"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">40°11′N</span> <span class="longitude">29°03′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">40.183°N 29.050°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">40.183; 29.050</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Country</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Turkey" class="mw-redirect" title="Regions of Turkey">Region</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Marmara_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Marmara Region">Marmara</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Turkey" title="Provinces of Turkey">Province</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bursa_province" class="mw-redirect" title="Bursa province">Bursa</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Mayor#Turkey" title="Mayor">Mayor</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mustafa_Bozbey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mustafa Bozbey (page does not exist)">Mustafa Bozbey</a> (<a href="/wiki/Republican_People%27s_Party" title="Republican People's Party">CHP</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • City</div></th><td class="infobox-data">10,422 km<sup>2</sup> (4,024 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Urban<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">1,290 km<sup>2</sup> (500 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Metro<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">17,806 km<sup>2</sup> (6,875 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">100 m (300 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2021 estimation)<sup id="cite_ref-citypopulation.de_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-citypopulation.de-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • City</div></th><td class="infobox-data">3,101,833</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">300/km<sup>2</sup> (770/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Urban_area" title="Urban area">Urban</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">1,999,998</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Urban density</th><td class="infobox-data">1,600/km<sup>2</sup> (4,000/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_area" title="Metropolitan area">Metro</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">2,161,990</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Metro density</th><td class="infobox-data">120/km<sup>2</sup> (310/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">Bursalı</i></span> (<a href="/wiki/Turkish_language" title="Turkish language">Turkish</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">GDP<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • City</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Turkish_lira" title="Turkish lira">₺</a> 609 billion<br /><a href="/wiki/US$" class="mw-redirect" title="US$">US$</a> 37 billion (2022)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Per capita</th><td class="infobox-data">₺ 192,098<br />US$ 11,591 (2022)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B3" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+3">UTC+3</a> (<a href="/wiki/Time_in_Turkey" title="Time in Turkey">TRT</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Postal_code" title="Postal code">Postal code</a></th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">16000</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbering_plan" title="Telephone numbering plan">Area code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">(+90) 224</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Turkish_car_number_plates" class="mw-redirect" title="Turkish car number plates">Licence plate</a></th><td class="infobox-data">16</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bursa.bel.tr">www.bursa.bel.tr</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><div style="border:4px solid #0177D3; line-height: 1.5; text-align: center;"> <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">UNESCO World Heritage Site</a></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Official name</th><td class="infobox-data"><i>Bursa and <a href="/wiki/Cumal%C4%B1k%C4%B1z%C4%B1k" title="Cumalıkızık">Cumalıkızık</a>: the Birth of the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a></i></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data">Cultural</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Criteria</th><td class="infobox-data">i, ii, iv, vi</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Designated</th><td class="infobox-data">2014 <small>(<a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Committee#Sessions" title="World Heritage Committee">38th session</a>)</small></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reference no.</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1452">1452</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Region</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Lists of World Heritage Sites in Europe">Europe</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Bursa</b> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Turkish pronunciation:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="tr-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Turkish" title="Help:IPA/Turkish">[ˈbuɾsa]</a></span>) is a city in northwestern <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> and the administrative center of <a href="/wiki/Bursa_Province" title="Bursa Province">Bursa Province</a>. The <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Turkey" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities in Turkey">fourth-most populous</a> city in Turkey and <a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_cities_and_towns_in_Turkey" title="List of largest cities and towns in Turkey">second-most populous</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Marmara_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Marmara Region">Marmara Region</a>, Bursa is one of the industrial centers of the country. Most of <a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Turkey" title="Automotive industry in Turkey">Turkey's automotive production</a> takes place in Bursa. As of 2019, the Metropolitan Province was home to 3,056,120 inhabitants, 2,161,990 of whom lived in the 3 city urban districts (<a href="/wiki/Osmangazi" title="Osmangazi">Osmangazi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Y%C4%B1ld%C4%B1r%C4%B1m,_Bursa" title="Yıldırım, Bursa">Yıldırım</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nil%C3%BCfer,_Bursa" title="Nilüfer, Bursa">Nilüfer</a>) plus <a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCrsu" title="Gürsu">Gürsu</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kestel,_Bursa" title="Kestel, Bursa">Kestel</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-citypopulation.de_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-citypopulation.de-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its rich history provides various <a href="/wiki/Places_of_interest_in_Bursa" title="Places of interest in Bursa">places of interest in Bursa</a>. </p><p>Bursa became the capital of the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a> (back then the Ottoman Beylik) from 1335 until 1360s. A more recent nickname is <span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">Yeşil Bursa</i></span> ("<span title="English-language text"><span lang="en">Green Bursa</span></span>") referring to the parks and gardens located across the city, as well as to the vast, varied forests of the surrounding region. </p><p>Bursa has a rather orderly urban growth and borders a fertile plain. The <a href="/wiki/Mausoleums" class="mw-redirect" title="Mausoleums">mausoleums</a> of the early <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottoman Dynasty">Ottoman sultans</a> are located in Bursa, and the city's main landmarks include numerous edifices built throughout the Ottoman period. Bursa also has <a href="/wiki/Thermal_bath" class="mw-redirect" title="Thermal bath">thermal baths</a>, old Ottoman mansions, palaces, and several museums. <a href="/wiki/Uluda%C4%9F" title="Uludağ">Mount Uludağ</a>, known in <a href="/wiki/Classical_antiquity" title="Classical antiquity">classical antiquity</a> as the <a href="/wiki/Mysian_Olympus" class="mw-redirect" title="Mysian Olympus">Mysian Olympus</a> or alternatively <a href="/wiki/Bithynian_Olympus" class="mw-redirect" title="Bithynian Olympus">Bithynian Olympus</a>, towers over the city, and has a well-known <a href="/wiki/Ski_resort" title="Ski resort">ski resort</a>. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Shadow_play" title="Shadow play">shadow play</a> characters <a href="/wiki/Karag%C3%B6z_and_Hacivat" title="Karagöz and Hacivat">Karagöz and Hacivat</a> are based on historic personalities who lived and died in Bursa in the 14th century.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bursa&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Bursa_history" class="mw-redirect" title="Timeline of Bursa history">Timeline of Bursa history</a> and <a href="/wiki/Prousa" class="mw-redirect" title="Prousa">Prousa</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Archaeological_Museum_6978.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Archaeological_Museum_6978.jpg/250px-Archaeological_Museum_6978.jpg" decoding="async" width="195" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Archaeological_Museum_6978.jpg/330px-Archaeological_Museum_6978.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Archaeological_Museum_6978.jpg/500px-Archaeological_Museum_6978.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2920" data-file-height="4387" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Athena" title="Athena">Athena</a>, bronze, 2nd century AD, at <a href="/wiki/Bursa_Archaeological_Museum" title="Bursa Archaeological Museum">Bursa Archaeological Museum</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The earliest known human settlement near Bursa's current location was at Ilıpınar Höyüğü around 5200 BC.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was followed by the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greece" title="Ancient Greece">ancient Greek</a> city of <a href="/wiki/Cius" title="Cius">Cius</a>, which <a href="/wiki/Philip_V_of_Macedon" title="Philip V of Macedon">Philip V of Macedon</a> granted to <a href="/wiki/Prusias_I_of_Bithynia" title="Prusias I of Bithynia">Prusias I</a>, the King of <a href="/wiki/Bithynia" title="Bithynia">Bithynia</a>, in 202 BC. King Prusias rebuilt the city with the advice of general <a href="/wiki/Hannibal_of_Carthage" class="mw-redirect" title="Hannibal of Carthage">Hannibal of Carthage</a>, who took refuge with Prusias after losing the war with the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Republic" title="Roman Republic">Roman Republic</a> and renamed it <b>Prusa</b> (<a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Greek language">Ancient Greek</a>: <span lang="grc">Προῦσα</span>; sometimes rendered as <i>Prussa</i>). After 128 years of Bithynian rule, <a href="/wiki/Nicomedes_IV_of_Bithynia" title="Nicomedes IV of Bithynia">Nicomedes IV</a>, the last King of <a href="/wiki/Bithynia" title="Bithynia">Bithynia</a>, bequeathed the entire kingdom to the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman Empire</a> in 74 BC. An early <a href="/wiki/Bursa_Treasure" title="Bursa Treasure">Roman Treasure</a> was found near Bursa in the early 20th century. Composed of a woman's silver toilet articles, it is now in the <a href="/wiki/British_Museum" title="British Museum">British Museum</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Under Byzantine rule, the town became a garrison city in 562, where imperial guards were stationed. Already by the mid-6th century, Bursa was known as a famous silk textile manufacturing centre.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bursa (from the Greek "Prusa") became the first major capital city of the early <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a> following its capture from the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine" class="mw-redirect" title="Byzantine">Byzantines</a> in 1326. As a result, the city witnessed a considerable amount of urban growth such as the building of hospitals, <a href="/wiki/Caravanserai" title="Caravanserai">caravanserais</a> and <a href="/wiki/Madrasa" title="Madrasa">madrasas</a> throughout the 14th century, with the first official Ottoman mint established in the city.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After conquering <a href="/wiki/Edirne" title="Edirne">Edirne</a> (Adrianople) in <a href="/wiki/East_Thrace" title="East Thrace">East Thrace</a>, the Ottomans turned it into the new capital city in 1360s, but Bursa retained its spiritual and commercial importance in the Ottoman Empire.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Ottoman sultan <a href="/wiki/Bayezid_I" title="Bayezid I">Bayezid I</a> built the <a href="/wiki/Bayezid_I_Mosque" title="Bayezid I Mosque">Bayezid Külliyesi</a> (Bayezid I theological complex) in Bursa between 1390 and 1395<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/wiki/Bursa_Grand_Mosque" class="mw-redirect" title="Bursa Grand Mosque">Ulu Cami (Grand Mosque)</a> between 1396 and 1400.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After Bayezid was defeated in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ankara" title="Battle of Ankara">Battle of Ankara</a> by the forces of <a href="/wiki/Timur" title="Timur">Timur</a> in 1402, the latter's grandson, <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Sultan_Mirza" title="Muhammad Sultan Mirza">Muhammad Sultan Mirza</a>, had the city pillaged and burned.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite this, Bursa remained as the most important administrative and commercial centre in the empire until <a href="/wiki/Mehmed_II" title="Mehmed II">Mehmed II</a> <a href="/wiki/Fall_of_Constantinople" title="Fall of Constantinople">conquered</a> <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a> in 1453. The population of Bursa was 45,000 in 1487. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1261442011">.mw-parser-output .abbr-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-bottom:none;background-color:lavender}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-top:none;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border-top:1px #a2a9b1 solid!important}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:none}}</style><table class="table-pale" style="width:15em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Historical population</caption><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Percent change" class="abbr-header">±%</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1487</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">45,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1927 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">61,451</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+36.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1955 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">128,875</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+109.7%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1980</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">487,604</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+278.4%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">2000 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1,184,144</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+142.8%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2015</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,854,285</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+56.6%</td></tr></tbody></table><p><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the Ottoman period, Bursa continued to be the source of most royal <a href="/wiki/Silk" title="Silk">silk</a> products. Aside from the local silk production, the city imported raw silk from <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a>, and occasionally from <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>, and was the main production centre for the <a href="/wiki/Kaftan" title="Kaftan">kaftans</a>, pillows, <a href="/wiki/Embroidery" title="Embroidery">embroidery</a> and other silk products for the Ottoman palaces until the 17th century.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Devshirme system was also implemented in Bursa and its surroundings where it was negotiated between the authorities and locals. For example, during the 1603-4 levy, the villagers of a Christian village called <a href="/wiki/E%C4%9Ferce,_Mudanya" title="Eğerce, Mudanya">Eğerciler</a>, in Bursa, declared that they were responsible for providing sheep to the capital, and the children of the village were very much needed as shepherds. They asserted that even though they were not obliged to give any children to the army, the officers took some anyway, and that they should be returned. The villagers’ claim that it was in tremendous need of future shepherds was taken seriously by the state, and a decree commanded the return of the children.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bursa was also notable for its numerous <a href="/wiki/Hammam" title="Hammam">hammams</a> (bath) built during the reign of <a href="/wiki/Suleiman_the_Magnificent" title="Suleiman the Magnificent">Suleiman</a> such as the Yeni Kaplıca.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From 1867 until 1922, Bursa was the capital of <a href="/wiki/H%C3%BCdavendig%C3%A2r_vilayet" title="Hüdavendigâr vilayet">Hüdavendigâr vilayet</a>. As it was a significant cultural and trade hub, traders, most of whom were Armenians, became very wealthy.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The most influential study of Bursa's <a href="/wiki/Silk_trade" class="mw-redirect" title="Silk trade">silk trade</a> and economic history is the work of Ottomanist <a href="/wiki/Halil_%C4%B0nalc%C4%B1k" title="Halil İnalcık">Halil İnalcık</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In July 1915, thousands of Greek Orthodox Christians sought refuge in Bursa after having been forced out of their coastal villages by orders of the <a href="/wiki/Young_Turks" title="Young Turks">Young Turk government</a>. This worsened the situation of the native Greeks of Bursa, who had managed to survive through the attacks and boycotts of 1914. A short time later, deportation orders came for Bursa's Armenians. Protestant Armenians were initially spared from deportation, but villagers that tried to resist were massacred. Most of the deportees would perish in what became known as the <a href="/wiki/Armenian_genocide" title="Armenian genocide">Armenian genocide</a>. Subsequently, large numbers of Kurds and Circassians, as well as Syrians from the south, were settled in the homes and towns of the deported Christians, radically altering the demographic composition of the town and region.<sup id="cite_ref-Gingeras2016_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gingeras2016-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Mustafa Zahit Oner, in the last days of the <a href="/wiki/Greco-Turkish_War_(1919%E2%80%931922)" title="Greco-Turkish War (1919–1922)">Greco-Turkish War</a> in 1922, the Greek Army attempted to burn the center of Bursa however they were stopped by the allied commanders and were only able to burn the train station together with Turkish civilians in it.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Cretan artilleryman Vasilios Moustakis describes the event with the following words: "The Infantry had come through and set fire to the station. We saw an English general on horseback, who ordered the fire to be put out because if Bursa were burned, it would be harming Greece".<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bursa018.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Bursa018.jpg/330px-Bursa018.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="210" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Bursa018.jpg/500px-Bursa018.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Bursa018.jpg/960px-Bursa018.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_architecture" title="Ottoman architecture">Ottoman architecture</a> in Bursa</figcaption></figure> <p>Following the foundation of the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Turkey" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Turkey">Republic of Turkey</a> in 1923, Bursa became one of the industrial centres of the country. The economic development of the city was followed by population growth, and Bursa became the <a href="/wiki/Cities_in_Turkey" class="mw-redirect" title="Cities in Turkey">4th</a> most populous city in <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>. </p><p>The city has traditionally been a pole of attraction, and was a major centre for refugees from various ethnic backgrounds who immigrated to <a href="/wiki/Anatolia" title="Anatolia">Anatolia</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Balkans" title="Balkans">Balkans</a> during the loss of the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_territories_in_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottoman territories in Europe">Ottoman territories in Europe</a> between the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The most recent arrival of <a href="/wiki/Turks_in_Europe#Balkan_Turks" title="Turks in Europe">Balkan Turks</a> took place between the 1940s and 1990s, when the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Bulgaria" title="People's Republic of Bulgaria">People's Republic of Bulgaria</a> expelled approximately 150,000 <a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_Turks_in_Turkey" title="Bulgarian Turks in Turkey">Bulgarian Turks</a> to Turkey.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> About one-third of these 150,000 Bulgarian Turkish refugees eventually settled in Bursa (especially in the Hürriyet neighbourhood). With the construction of new industrial zones in the period between 1980 and 2000, many people from the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Anatolia_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Anatolia Region">eastern provinces of Turkey</a> came and settled in Bursa. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bursa&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="noresize thumb tright" style=";"> <div class="thumbinner" style="overflow:hidden;width:302px;"> <div class="thumbimage" style="height:202px; overflow:hidden; position:relative; background-color:white;"> <div style=";left:-560px; top:-730px; width:4000px; position:absolute;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Koppen-Geiger_Map_TUR_present_with_provinces.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Köppen map of Bursa Province and surrounding regions:[20]   BSk   Csa   Csb   Cfa   Dsb   Dsc"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Koppen-Geiger_Map_TUR_present_with_provinces.svg/4000px-Koppen-Geiger_Map_TUR_present_with_provinces.svg.png" decoding="async" width="4000" height="1872" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Koppen-Geiger_Map_TUR_present_with_provinces.svg/6000px-Koppen-Geiger_Map_TUR_present_with_provinces.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Koppen-Geiger_Map_TUR_present_with_provinces.svg/8000px-Koppen-Geiger_Map_TUR_present_with_provinces.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1816" data-file-height="850" /></a></span></div> <div style="text-align:left; background-color:transparent; line-height:110%;"> </div> <div style="visibility:hidden"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Koppen-Geiger_Map_TUR_present_with_provinces.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Koppen-Geiger_Map_TUR_present_with_provinces.svg/4000px-Koppen-Geiger_Map_TUR_present_with_provinces.svg.png" decoding="async" width="4000" height="1872" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Koppen-Geiger_Map_TUR_present_with_provinces.svg/6000px-Koppen-Geiger_Map_TUR_present_with_provinces.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Koppen-Geiger_Map_TUR_present_with_provinces.svg/8000px-Koppen-Geiger_Map_TUR_present_with_provinces.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1816" data-file-height="850" /></a></span></div> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Koppen-Geiger_Map_TUR_present_with_provinces.svg" title="File:Koppen-Geiger Map TUR present with provinces.svg"> </a></div>Köppen map of Bursa Province and surrounding regions:<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1256394559">.mw-parser-output figure[typeof="mw:File/Thumb"] .image-key>ol{margin-left:1.3em;margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output figure[typeof="mw:File/Thumb"] .image-key>ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output figure[typeof="mw:File/Thumb"] .image-key li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media(min-width:300px){.mw-parser-output figure[typeof="mw:File/Thumb"] .image-key,.mw-parser-output figure[typeof="mw:File/Thumb"] .image-key-wide{column-count:2}.mw-parser-output figure[typeof="mw:File/Thumb"] .image-key-narrow{column-count:1}}@media(min-width:450px){.mw-parser-output figure[typeof="mw:File/Thumb"] .image-key-wide{column-count:3}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist image-key image-key-wide"><ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FFDB63; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Cold_semi-arid_climate" class="mw-redirect" title="Cold semi-arid climate">BSk</a></div></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#FFFF00; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Hot-summer_Mediterranean_climate" class="mw-redirect" title="Hot-summer Mediterranean climate">Csa</a></div></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#C6C700; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Warm-summer_Mediterranean_climate" class="mw-redirect" title="Warm-summer Mediterranean climate">Csb</a></div></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#C6FF4E; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Humid_subtropical_climate" title="Humid subtropical climate">Cfa</a></div></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#C600C7; color:white;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Humid_continental_climate" title="Humid continental climate">Dsb</a></div></li><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959" /><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#963295; color:white;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Subarctic_climate" title="Subarctic climate">Dsc</a></div></li></ul></div></div> </div></div> <p>The area covered by Bursa corresponds to 1.41% of <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>'s land area, which makes the city 27th in the country in terms of land area.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bursa stands on the northwestern slopes of <a href="/wiki/Uluda%C4%9F" title="Uludağ">Mount Uludağ</a> (known as the <a href="/wiki/Mysian_Olympus" class="mw-redirect" title="Mysian Olympus">Mysian Olympus</a> in classical antiquity), on the banks of the <a href="/wiki/Nil%C3%BCfer_River" title="Nilüfer River">Nilüfer River</a>, in the southern <a href="/wiki/Marmara_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Marmara Region">Marmara Region</a>. It is the capital city of <a href="/wiki/Bursa_Province" title="Bursa Province">Bursa Province</a>, which borders the <a href="/wiki/Sea_of_Marmara" title="Sea of Marmara">Sea of Marmara</a> and <a href="/wiki/Yalova" title="Yalova">Yalova</a> to the north; <a href="/wiki/%C4%B0zmit" title="İzmit">Kocaeli</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sakarya_Province" title="Sakarya Province">Sakarya</a> to the northeast; <a href="/wiki/Bilecik" title="Bilecik">Bilecik</a> to the east; and <a href="/wiki/K%C3%BCtahya" title="Kütahya">Kütahya</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bal%C4%B1kesir" title="Balıkesir">Balıkesir</a> to the south. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bursa&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bursa has a <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_climate" title="Mediterranean climate">Mediterranean climate</a> (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen climate classification</a>: <i>Csa</i>) under the <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen</a> classification, and a dry-hot summer subtropical climate (Csa) under the <a href="/wiki/Trewartha_climate_classification" title="Trewartha climate classification">Trewartha</a> classification. The city has hot, dry summers that last from June until September. Winters are cool and damp, also containing the most rainfall. There can be snow on the ground which will last for a week or two. <a href="/wiki/Air_pollution_in_Turkey" title="Air pollution in Turkey">Air pollution</a> is a chronic problem in Bursa.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Bursa (1991–2020, extremes 1928–2023) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF7000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.2<br />(77.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF6400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.9<br />(80.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF3E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.5<br />(90.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF2400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.2<br />(97.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF1F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.0<br />(98.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF0100; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">41.3<br />(106.3) </td> <td style="background: #DF0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">43.8<br />(110.8) </td> <td style="background: #EF0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">42.6<br />(108.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF0800; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">40.3<br />(104.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF1C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.3<br />(99.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF4000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.1<br />(89.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF6100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.3<br />(81.1) </td> <td style="background: #DF0000; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">43.8<br />(110.8) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFDAB5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.8<br />(49.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFCF9F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.4<br />(52.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFB973; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.6<br />(58.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF9934; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.2<br />(66.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF7500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.4<br />(75.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF5600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.9<br />(84.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF4400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.5<br />(88.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF4300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.7<br />(89.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF5F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.6<br />(81.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF850B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.2<br />(72.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFAB58; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.6<br />(61.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFCE9E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.5<br />(52.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF8E1E; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">20.8<br />(69.4) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFF8F2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.4<br />(41.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFF1E3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.5<br />(43.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFDFC0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.0<br />(48.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFC489; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.0<br />(55.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFA143; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.1<br />(64.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF8205; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.6<br />(72.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF7100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.1<br />(77.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF7000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.2<br />(77.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF8E1E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.8<br />(69.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFB061; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.9<br />(60.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFD4A9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.7<br />(51.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFEDDC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.0<br />(44.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFB76F; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">14.9<br />(58.8) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #EFEFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.7<br />(35.1) </td> <td style="background: #F3F3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.4<br />(36.3) </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.1<br />(39.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFEBD7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.4<br />(45.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFCB97; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.0<br />(53.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFAE5D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.2<br />(61.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF9F3F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.4<br />(65.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF9D3B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.7<br />(65.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFB871; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.8<br />(58.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFD3A8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.8<br />(51.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFF4EA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.0<br />(42.8) </td> <td style="background: #F8F8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.3<br />(37.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFDBB8; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">9.6<br />(49.3) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #7878FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−20.5<br />(−4.9) </td> <td style="background: #7C7CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−19.6<br />(−3.3) </td> <td style="background: #AEAEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−10.5<br />(13.1) </td> <td style="background: #D0D0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−4.2<br />(24.4) </td> <td style="background: #EBEBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.8<br />(33.4) </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.0<br />(39.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFE4CA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.3<br />(46.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFE9D4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.6<br />(45.7) </td> <td style="background: #F8F8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.3<br />(37.9) </td> <td style="background: #E1E1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.0<br />(30.2) </td> <td style="background: #B9B9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−8.4<br />(16.9) </td> <td style="background: #8686FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−17.9<br />(−0.2) </td> <td style="background: #7878FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−20.5<br />(−4.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #88FF88; color:#000000;" class="notheme">79.2<br />(3.12) </td> <td style="background: #7FFF7F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">78.2<br />(3.08) </td> <td style="background: #8FFF8F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">74.9<br />(2.95) </td> <td style="background: #95FF95; color:#000000;" class="notheme">68.6<br />(2.70) </td> <td style="background: #B7FFB7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">47.9<br />(1.89) </td> <td style="background: #BDFFBD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">42.8<br />(1.69) </td> <td style="background: #E9FFE9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.3<br />(0.56) </td> <td style="background: #E4FFE4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.5<br />(0.69) </td> <td style="background: #B1FFB1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">50.1<br />(1.97) </td> <td style="background: #81FF81; color:#000000;" class="notheme">84.4<br />(3.32) </td> <td style="background: #97FF97; color:#000000;" class="notheme">67.3<br />(2.65) </td> <td style="background: #73FF73; color:#000000;" class="notheme">93.9<br />(3.70) </td> <td style="background: #A4FFA4; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">719.1<br />(28.31) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days </th> <td style="background: #4747FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">14.87 </td> <td style="background: #4646FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.60 </td> <td style="background: #5959FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.40 </td> <td style="background: #6D6DFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.43 </td> <td style="background: #8888FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.63 </td> <td style="background: #A1A1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.30 </td> <td style="background: #D5D5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.33 </td> <td style="background: #D2D2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.60 </td> <td style="background: #A8A8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.77 </td> <td style="background: #7B7BFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.67 </td> <td style="background: #7373FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.93 </td> <td style="background: #4B4BFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">14.53 </td> <td style="background: #8181FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">119.8 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowy days </th> <td style="background: #C0C0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.08 </td> <td style="background: #CCCCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.71 </td> <td style="background: #ECECFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.46 </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.08 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FEFEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.04 </td> <td style="background: #F9F9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.42 </td> <td style="background: #E1E1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.42 </td> <td style="background: #F1F1FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">13.21 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #0000DD; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">75.3 </td> <td style="background: #0000E7; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">72.8 </td> <td style="background: #0000EF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">70.7 </td> <td style="background: #0000F4; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">69.3 </td> <td style="background: #0000FD; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">67.1 </td> <td style="background: #0D0DFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">63.1 </td> <td style="background: #1B1BFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">59.6 </td> <td style="background: #1313FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">61.7 </td> <td style="background: #0000FC; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">67.3 </td> <td style="background: #0000E0; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">74.6 </td> <td style="background: #0000DD; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">75.5 </td> <td style="background: #0000DC; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">75.7 </td> <td style="background: #0000F4; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">69.4 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #999999; color:#000000;" class="notheme">83.7 </td> <td style="background: #ACAC98; color:#000000;" class="notheme">90.4 </td> <td style="background: #B8B855; color:#000000;" class="notheme">124.0 </td> <td style="background: #CDCD00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">165.0 </td> <td style="background: #DBDB00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">217.0 </td> <td style="background: #E8E800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">264.0 </td> <td style="background: #EEEE0B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">300.7 </td> <td style="background: #E9E900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">275.9 </td> <td style="background: #DDDD00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">217.0 </td> <td style="background: #C2C219; color:#000000;" class="notheme">145.7 </td> <td style="background: #B3B36E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">111.0 </td> <td style="background: #8D8D8D; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">77.5 </td> <td style="background: #CFCF00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">2,071.9 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #9B9B9B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.7 </td> <td style="background: #ADAD95; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.2 </td> <td style="background: #B8B850; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.0 </td> <td style="background: #CECE00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.5 </td> <td style="background: #DCDC00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.0 </td> <td style="background: #E9E900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.8 </td> <td style="background: #EFEF0E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.7 </td> <td style="background: #E9E900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.9 </td> <td style="background: #DCDC00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.0 </td> <td style="background: #C3C313; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.7 </td> <td style="background: #B4B469; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.7 </td> <td style="background: #8F8F8F; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">2.5 </td> <td style="background: #CFCF00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">5.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 1: <a href="/wiki/Turkish_State_Meteorological_Service" title="Turkish State Meteorological Service">Turkish State Meteorological Service</a><sup id="cite_ref-eather1_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eather1-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-extremes_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-extremes-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 2: <a href="/wiki/NOAA" class="mw-redirect" title="NOAA">NOAA</a> (humidity),<sup id="cite_ref-WMOCLINO_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WMOCLINO-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Meteomanz<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bursa&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bursa_image.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Bursa_image.jpg/250px-Bursa_image.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Bursa_image.jpg/375px-Bursa_image.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Bursa_image.jpg/500px-Bursa_image.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5760" data-file-height="2905" /></a><figcaption>Bursa is one of the leading industrial and agricultural production centres in Turkey.</figcaption></figure> <p>Bursa is the largest production centre of the <a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Turkey" title="Automotive industry in Turkey">Turkish automotive industry</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Factories of <a href="/wiki/Motor_vehicle" title="Motor vehicle">motor vehicle</a> producers like <a href="/wiki/Fiat" title="Fiat">Fiat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Renault" title="Renault">Renault</a> and <a href="/wiki/Karsan" title="Karsan">Karsan</a>, as well as <a href="/wiki/Automotive" class="mw-redirect" title="Automotive">automotive</a> parts producers like <a href="/wiki/Robert_Bosch_GmbH" class="mw-redirect" title="Robert Bosch GmbH">Bosch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Magneti_Marelli" class="mw-redirect" title="Magneti Marelli">Mako</a>, <a href="/wiki/Valeo" title="Valeo">Valeo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Johnson_Controls" title="Johnson Controls">Johnson Controls</a>, <a href="/wiki/Delphi_Automotive" class="mw-redirect" title="Delphi Automotive">Delphi</a> have been active in the city for decades. The <a href="/wiki/Textile_industry" title="Textile industry">textile</a> and <a href="/wiki/Food_industry" title="Food industry">food</a> industries are equally strong, with <a href="/wiki/Coca-Cola" title="Coca-Cola">Coca-Cola</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pepsi_Cola" class="mw-redirect" title="Pepsi Cola">Pepsi Cola</a> and other beverage brands, as well as fresh and <a href="/wiki/Canned_food" class="mw-redirect" title="Canned food">canned food</a> industries being present in the city's organized industrial zones. </p><p>Apart from its large automotive industry, Bursa also produces a substantial amount of dairy products (by <a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCta%C5%9F" title="Sütaş">Sütaş</a>),<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> processed food (by <span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">Tat</i></span>),<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and beverages (by <span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">Uludağ</i></span>).<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hudavendigar_Park_in_Bursa_Turkey.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Hudavendigar_Park_in_Bursa_Turkey.jpg/250px-Hudavendigar_Park_in_Bursa_Turkey.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Hudavendigar_Park_in_Bursa_Turkey.jpg/375px-Hudavendigar_Park_in_Bursa_Turkey.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Hudavendigar_Park_in_Bursa_Turkey.jpg/500px-Hudavendigar_Park_in_Bursa_Turkey.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2110" data-file-height="963" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Nil%C3%BCfer_River" title="Nilüfer River">Nilüfer River</a> and Hüdavendigar Park</figcaption></figure> <p>Traditionally, Bursa was famous for being the largest centre of <a href="/wiki/Silk" title="Silk">silk</a> trade in the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine</a> and later the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> empires, during the period of the lucrative <a href="/wiki/Silk_Road" title="Silk Road">Silk Road</a>. The city is still a major centre for textiles in Turkey and is home to the Bursa International Textiles and Trade Centre (<span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">Bursa Uluslararası Tekstil ve Ticaret Merkezi</i></span>, or <span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">BUTTIM</i></span>). Bursa was also known for its fertile soil and agricultural activities, which have decreased in the recent decades due to the heavy industrialization of the city. </p><p>Bursa is a major centre for tourism. One of the most popular <a href="/wiki/Skiing" title="Skiing">skiing</a> resorts in Turkey is located on <a href="/wiki/Uluda%C4%9F" title="Uludağ">Mount Uludağ</a>, just next to the city proper. Bursa's thermal baths have been used for therapeutical purposes since <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman</a> times. Apart from the baths that are operated by hotels, <a href="/wiki/Uluda%C4%9F_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Uludağ University">Uludağ University</a> has a <a href="/wiki/Physical_therapy" title="Physical therapy">physical therapy</a> centre which also makes use of thermal water. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transportation">Transportation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bursa&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Transportation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:J33_718_Stra%C3%9Fenbahngelenkwagen_Silkworm.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/J33_718_Stra%C3%9Fenbahngelenkwagen_Silkworm.jpg/170px-J33_718_Stra%C3%9Fenbahngelenkwagen_Silkworm.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/J33_718_Stra%C3%9Fenbahngelenkwagen_Silkworm.jpg/255px-J33_718_Stra%C3%9Fenbahngelenkwagen_Silkworm.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/J33_718_Stra%C3%9Fenbahngelenkwagen_Silkworm.jpg/340px-J33_718_Stra%C3%9Fenbahngelenkwagen_Silkworm.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5715" data-file-height="3810" /></a><figcaption>Tram type "Silkworm" is produced in Bursa by Turkish manufacturer Durmazlar.</figcaption></figure> <p>Bursa has a <a href="/wiki/Rapid_transit" title="Rapid transit">metro</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bursaray" title="Bursaray">Bursaray</a>), <a href="/wiki/Trams_in_Bursa" title="Trams in Bursa">trams</a><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a bus system for inner-city public transport, while taxi cabs are also available. Bursa's <a href="/wiki/Yeni%C5%9Fehir_Airport" title="Yenişehir Airport">Yenişehir Airport</a> is 20 mi (32 km) away from the city centre. The citizens of Bursa also prefer Istanbul's airports such as <a href="/wiki/Istanbul_Airport" title="Istanbul Airport">Istanbul Airport</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sabiha_G%C3%B6k%C3%A7en_International_Airport" title="Sabiha Gökçen International Airport">Sabiha Gökçen International Airport</a> for flights to foreign countries, due to Istanbul's proximity to Bursa. There are numerous daily bus and ferry services between the two cities. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Teleferik,_Uluda%C4%9F.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Teleferik%2C_Uluda%C4%9F.jpg/220px-Teleferik%2C_Uluda%C4%9F.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Teleferik%2C_Uluda%C4%9F.jpg/330px-Teleferik%2C_Uluda%C4%9F.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Teleferik%2C_Uluda%C4%9F.jpg/440px-Teleferik%2C_Uluda%C4%9F.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Bursa_Uluda%C4%9F_Gondola" title="Bursa Uludağ Gondola">Bursa – Mt. Uludağ</a> <a href="/wiki/Gondola_lift" title="Gondola lift">gondola lift</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The 8.8 km (5.5 mi) long <a href="/wiki/Bursa_Uluda%C4%9F_Gondola" title="Bursa Uludağ Gondola">Bursa Uludağ Gondola</a> (<a href="/wiki/Turkish_language" title="Turkish language">Turkish</a>: <i lang="tr">Teleferik</i>) connects Bursa with the ski resort areas 1,870 m (6,140 ft) high on the mountain <a href="/wiki/Uluda%C4%9F" title="Uludağ">Uludağ</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The only railway station in Bursa is the <a href="/wiki/Harmanc%C4%B1k" title="Harmancık">Harmancık</a> station on the <a href="/wiki/Bal%C4%B1kesir" title="Balıkesir">Balıkesir</a>-<a href="/wiki/K%C3%BCtahya" title="Kütahya">Kütahya</a> railway, which was opened in 1930. </p><p>The average amount of time people spend commuting with public transit in Bursa, for example to and from work, on a weekday is 62 min. 12% of public transit riders ride for more than 2 hours every day. The average amount of time people wait at a stop or station for public transit is 18 min, while 31% of riders wait for over 20 minutes on average every day. The average distance people usually ride in a single trip on public transit is 8.1 km (5.0 mi), while 17% travel for over 12 km (7.5 mi) in a single direction.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bursa&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BursaTeknik%C3%9Cniversitesi_MimarSinanYerle%C5%9Fkesi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/BursaTeknik%C3%9Cniversitesi_MimarSinanYerle%C5%9Fkesi.jpg/250px-BursaTeknik%C3%9Cniversitesi_MimarSinanYerle%C5%9Fkesi.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/BursaTeknik%C3%9Cniversitesi_MimarSinanYerle%C5%9Fkesi.jpg/330px-BursaTeknik%C3%9Cniversitesi_MimarSinanYerle%C5%9Fkesi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/BursaTeknik%C3%9Cniversitesi_MimarSinanYerle%C5%9Fkesi.jpg/500px-BursaTeknik%C3%9Cniversitesi_MimarSinanYerle%C5%9Fkesi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Bursa Technical University campus</figcaption></figure> <p>Bursa has two public universities and one private university. <a href="/wiki/Uluda%C4%9F_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Uludağ University">Uludağ University</a>, founded in 1975, is the oldest institution of higher education in the city. Founded first as the Bursa University then renamed Uludağ University in 1982,<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the university has a student body of 47,000, one of the largest in Turkey. <a href="/wiki/Bursa_Technical_University" title="Bursa Technical University">Bursa Technical University</a><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is the second public university of Bursa and was established in 2010, beginning education in the 2011–2012 academic year. </p><p>The first private university in Bursa was the <a href="/wiki/Bursa_Orhangazi_University" title="Bursa Orhangazi University">Bursa Orhangazi University</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which started education in the 2012–2013 academic year. However, Orhangazi University was shut down by the Turkish government after the failed coup attempt of July 2016. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Istanbul_Commerce_University" title="Istanbul Commerce University">Istanbul Commerce University</a> has opened graduate programs in Bursa in 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The vocational high schools, <a href="/wiki/Bursa_Sports_High_School" title="Bursa Sports High School">Bursa Sports High School</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-bb1_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bb1-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Bursa_Agriculture_Vocational_High_School" title="Bursa Agriculture Vocational High School">Bursa Agriculture Vocational High School</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-tkp1_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tkp1-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> are located in <a href="/wiki/Osmangazi" title="Osmangazi">Osmangazi</a> district. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sports">Sports</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bursa&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Sports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bursa_B%C3%BCy%C3%BCk%C5%9Fehir_Belediye_Stadium_20181026_(2).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Bursa_B%C3%BCy%C3%BCk%C5%9Fehir_Belediye_Stadium_20181026_%282%29.jpg/250px-Bursa_B%C3%BCy%C3%BCk%C5%9Fehir_Belediye_Stadium_20181026_%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Bursa_B%C3%BCy%C3%BCk%C5%9Fehir_Belediye_Stadium_20181026_%282%29.jpg/330px-Bursa_B%C3%BCy%C3%BCk%C5%9Fehir_Belediye_Stadium_20181026_%282%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Bursa_B%C3%BCy%C3%BCk%C5%9Fehir_Belediye_Stadium_20181026_%282%29.jpg/500px-Bursa_B%C3%BCy%C3%BCk%C5%9Fehir_Belediye_Stadium_20181026_%282%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Timsah_Arena" class="mw-redirect" title="Timsah Arena">Timsah Arena</a> is the home of Bursaspor, which won the <a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCper_Lig" title="Süper Lig">Süper Lig</a> (Super League) championship title at the end of the <a href="/wiki/2009%E2%80%9310_S%C3%BCper_Lig" title="2009–10 Süper Lig">2009–10 season</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The city has one professional football club, <a href="/wiki/Bursaspor" title="Bursaspor">Bursaspor</a>, which formerly competed in the <a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCper_Lig" title="Süper Lig">Süper Lig</a> (Super League), the top-tier of Turkish football, until <a href="/wiki/2018%E2%80%9319_S%C3%BCper_Lig#League_table" title="2018–19 Süper Lig">finishing 16th</a> at the end of the <a href="/wiki/2018%E2%80%9319_S%C3%BCper_Lig" title="2018–19 Süper Lig">2018–19 Süper Lig</a> season and being relegated to the <a href="/wiki/TFF_First_League" class="mw-redirect" title="TFF First League">TFF First League</a>. A few years earlier, Bursaspor had managed to become the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Turkish_football_champions#Performance_since_1957" title="List of Turkish football champions">Turkish champions</a> at the end of the <a href="/wiki/2009%E2%80%9310_S%C3%BCper_Lig" title="2009–10 Süper Lig">2009–10 Süper Lig</a> season, thereby becoming the second Anatolian club to ever win the Süper Lig championship title after Trabzonspor. Henceforth, Bursaspor was often considered to be one of the five biggest football clubs in Turkey, along with <a href="/wiki/Galatasaray" class="mw-redirect" title="Galatasaray">Galatasaray</a>, Fenerbahçe, Beşiktaş and Trabzonspor. The club's relegation to the TFF First League at the end of the 2018–19 season was a major shock for its fans and became a first in the history of Turkish football. Never had a club which had won the Süper Lig championship title been relegated. </p><p>Bursaspor plays its home games at the <a href="/wiki/Timsah_Arena" class="mw-redirect" title="Timsah Arena">Timsah Arena</a> (meaning "Crocodile Arena", <a href="/wiki/Crocodile" title="Crocodile">crocodile</a> being the mascot of the team), which has a seating capacity of 45,000. </p><p>The city has three professional <a href="/wiki/Basketball" title="Basketball">basketball</a> teams in the <a href="/wiki/Turkish_Basketball_League" class="mw-redirect" title="Turkish Basketball League">Turkish Basketball League</a>, Bursaspor and <a href="/wiki/Tofa%C5%9F_S.K." title="Tofaş S.K.">Tofaş S.K.</a>, which is among the most successful teams. The club plays its games at the <a href="/wiki/Tofa%C5%9F_Nil%C3%BCfer_Spor_Salonu" title="Tofaş Nilüfer Spor Salonu">Tofaş Nilüfer Sports Hall</a>. Also, <a href="/wiki/Final_Spor" class="mw-redirect" title="Final Spor">Final Spor</a> plays in the second division. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Politics">Politics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bursa&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 125%;"><div style="padding-top:0.3em; padding-bottom:0.3em; border-top:2px solid #000099; border-bottom:2px solid #000099; line-height: 1;"><div class="fn org">Bursa district Municipalities<br /><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/2024_Turkish_local_elections" title="2024 Turkish local elections">Local elections, 2024</a></span></div> </div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Justice_and_Development_Party_(Turkey)" title="Justice and Development Party (Turkey)">AKP</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">9 / 17</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #fdc400; color:inherit; width: 53%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Republican_People%27s_Party" title="Republican People's Party">CHP</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">6 / 17</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #cc0000; color:inherit; width: 35%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=IYI_Party&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IYI Party (page does not exist)">IYIP</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><div style="width: 100px;"><span class="nowrap">2 / 17</span><div style="box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid #aaa; height: 1.15em; position: relative;"><div style="background-color: #0000e4; color:inherit; width: 12%; height: 100%;"></div></div></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The current mayor of the Bursa Metropolitan Municipality <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mustafa_Bozbey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mustafa Bozbey (page does not exist)">Mustafa Bozbey</a> is elected from the main opposition party (CHP) in March 2024. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Alinur_Akta%C5%9F" title="Alinur Aktaş">Alinur Aktaş</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Justice_and_Development_Party_(Turkey)" title="Justice and Development Party (Turkey)">Justice and Development Party</a> (AKP) was in office between 2019 and 2024, the AKP coalition won 49.6% of the vote against the CHP coalition which got 47% of the vote.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture_and_Tourism">Culture and Tourism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bursa&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Culture and Tourism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ulu_Cami_(Grand_Mosque)"><span id="Ulu_Cami_.28Grand_Mosque.29"></span>Ulu Cami (Grand Mosque)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bursa&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Ulu Cami (Grand Mosque)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ulucami-bursa_-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Ulucami-bursa_-_panoramio.jpg/250px-Ulucami-bursa_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Ulucami-bursa_-_panoramio.jpg/500px-Ulucami-bursa_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Grand_Mosque_of_Bursa" title="Grand Mosque of Bursa">Grand Mosque</a> and Orhan Gazi Square in Bursa</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Bursa_Grand_Mosque" class="mw-redirect" title="Bursa Grand Mosque">Ulu Cami</a> is the largest mosque in Bursa and a landmark of early <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_architecture" title="Ottoman architecture">Ottoman architecture</a>, which incorporated many elements from <a href="/wiki/Anatolian_Seljuk_Sultanate" class="mw-redirect" title="Anatolian Seljuk Sultanate">Seljuk</a> architecture. </p><p>Ordered by Sultan <a href="/wiki/Bayezid_I" title="Bayezid I">Bayezid I</a>, the mosque was designed and built by architect Ali Neccar in 1396–1400. It is a large and rectangular building, with a total of twenty domes that are arranged in four rows of five, and are supported by 12 columns. Supposedly the twenty domes were built instead of the twenty separate mosques which Sultan <a href="/wiki/Bayezid_I" title="Bayezid I">Bayezid I</a> had promised for winning the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Nicopolis" title="Battle of Nicopolis">Battle of Nicopolis</a> in 1396. The mosque has two <a href="/wiki/Minaret" title="Minaret">minarets</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bursa_Atat%C3%BCrk_M%C3%BCzesi.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Bursa_Atat%C3%BCrk_M%C3%BCzesi.JPG/250px-Bursa_Atat%C3%BCrk_M%C3%BCzesi.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Bursa_Atat%C3%BCrk_M%C3%BCzesi.JPG/330px-Bursa_Atat%C3%BCrk_M%C3%BCzesi.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Bursa_Atat%C3%BCrk_M%C3%BCzesi.JPG/500px-Bursa_Atat%C3%BCrk_M%C3%BCzesi.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2736" data-file-height="3648" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Bursa_Atat%C3%BCrk_Museum" title="Bursa Atatürk Museum">Bursa Atatürk Museum</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Inside the mosque, there are 192 monumental wall inscriptions written by the famous <a href="/wiki/Islamic_calligraphy" title="Islamic calligraphy">calligraphers</a> of that period. There is also a fountain (<a href="/wiki/%C5%9Ead%C4%B1rvan" class="mw-redirect" title="Şadırvan">şadırvan</a>) where worshipers can perform <a href="/wiki/Wudu" title="Wudu">ritual ablutions</a> before prayer; the dome over the şadırvan is capped by a skylight which creates a soft, serene light below; thus playing an important role in the illumination of the large building. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bursa_Ye%C5%9Fil_Camii_-_Green_Mosque_(25).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Bursa_Ye%C5%9Fil_Camii_-_Green_Mosque_%2825%29.jpg/220px-Bursa_Ye%C5%9Fil_Camii_-_Green_Mosque_%2825%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Bursa_Ye%C5%9Fil_Camii_-_Green_Mosque_%2825%29.jpg/330px-Bursa_Ye%C5%9Fil_Camii_-_Green_Mosque_%2825%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Bursa_Ye%C5%9Fil_Camii_-_Green_Mosque_%2825%29.jpg/440px-Bursa_Ye%C5%9Fil_Camii_-_Green_Mosque_%2825%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3024" data-file-height="4032" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Ye%C5%9Fil_Mosque" class="mw-redirect" title="Yeşil Mosque">Yeşil Mosque</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The horizontally spacious and dimly lit interior is designed to feel peaceful and contemplative. The subdivisions of space formed by multiple domes and pillars create a sense of privacy and even intimacy. This atmosphere contrasts with the later Ottoman mosques (see for example the works of <a href="/wiki/Suleiman_the_Magnificent" title="Suleiman the Magnificent">Suleiman the Magnificent</a>'s chief architect, <a href="/wiki/Mimar_Sinan" title="Mimar Sinan">Mimar Sinan</a>.) The mosques that were built after the <a href="/wiki/Fall_of_Constantinople" title="Fall of Constantinople">conquest of Constantinople</a> (<a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a>) by the Ottoman Turks in 1453, and influenced by the design of the 6th century Byzantine basilica of <a href="/wiki/Hagia_Sophia" title="Hagia Sophia">Hagia Sophia</a>, had increasingly elevated and large central domes, which create a vertical emphasis that is intended to be more overwhelming; to convey the divine power of Allah, the majesty of the Ottoman Sultan, and the governmental authority of the Ottoman State. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Botanik_park_-Bursa_.09_march_09_-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Botanik_park_-Bursa_.09_march_09_-_panoramio.jpg/250px-Botanik_park_-Bursa_.09_march_09_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Botanik_park_-Bursa_.09_march_09_-_panoramio.jpg/330px-Botanik_park_-Bursa_.09_march_09_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Botanik_park_-Bursa_.09_march_09_-_panoramio.jpg/500px-Botanik_park_-Bursa_.09_march_09_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="1495" /></a><figcaption>Botanical Park of Bursa</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cumal%C4%B1k%C4%B1z%C4%B1k-01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Cumal%C4%B1k%C4%B1z%C4%B1k-01.jpg/250px-Cumal%C4%B1k%C4%B1z%C4%B1k-01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Cumal%C4%B1k%C4%B1z%C4%B1k-01.jpg/330px-Cumal%C4%B1k%C4%B1z%C4%B1k-01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Cumal%C4%B1k%C4%B1z%C4%B1k-01.jpg/500px-Cumal%C4%B1k%C4%B1z%C4%B1k-01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>The village of <a href="/wiki/Cumal%C4%B1k%C4%B1z%C4%B1k" title="Cumalıkızık">Cumalıkızık</a>, near Bursa, is a <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">UNESCO</a> World Heritage Site with <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> era historic houses.</figcaption></figure> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mosques_and_külliye_complexes"><span id="Mosques_and_k.C3.BClliye_complexes"></span>Mosques and külliye complexes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bursa&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Mosques and külliye complexes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bursa_Grand_Mosque" class="mw-redirect" title="Bursa Grand Mosque">Bursa Grand Mosque</a> and <span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr"><a href="/wiki/K%C3%BClliye" title="Külliye">külliye</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ye%C5%9Fil_Mosque" class="mw-redirect" title="Yeşil Mosque">Yeşil Mosque</a> and <span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">külliye</i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayezid_I_Mosque" title="Bayezid I Mosque">Bayezid I Mosque</a> and <span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">külliye</i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muradiye_Complex" title="Muradiye Complex">Muradiye Mosque</a> and <span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">külliye</i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emir_Sultan_Mosque" title="Emir Sultan Mosque">Emir Sultan Mosque</a> and <span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">külliye</i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orhan_Gazi_Mosque" title="Orhan Gazi Mosque">Orhan Gazi Mosque</a> and <span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">külliye</i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%BCdavendigar_Mosque" title="Hüdavendigar Mosque">Hüdavendigar Mosque</a> and <span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">külliye</i></span></li> <li>Koca Sinan Paşa Mosque and <span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">külliye</i></span></li> <li>İshak Paşa Mosque and <span title="Turkish-language text"><i lang="tr">külliye</i></span></li> <li>Karacabey Grand Mosque</li> <li>Karabaş-i Veli Cultural Centre</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somuncu_Baba" title="Somuncu Baba">Somuncu Baba</a> Mosque</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%9Cftade_Tekkesi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Üftade Tekkesi (page does not exist)">Üftade Tekkesi</a> Mosque and complex</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babasultan" class="mw-redirect" title="Babasultan">Babasultan</a> Mosque and complex</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bazaars_and_caravanserais">Bazaars and <a href="/wiki/Caravanserai" title="Caravanserai">caravanserais</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bursa&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Bazaars and caravanserais"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Yıldırım Bazaar (<i><a href="/wiki/Bedesten" title="Bedesten">bedesten</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koza_Han" title="Koza Han">Koza Han</a></li> <li>Pirinç Han</li> <li>İpek Han</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_historic_monuments">Other historic monuments</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bursa&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Other historic monuments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Bursa Castle</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irgand%C4%B1_Bridge" title="Irgandı Bridge">Irgandı Bridge</a></li> <li>İnkaya Sycamore, a massive and impressive 600-year-old tree (<a href="/wiki/Platanus_orientalis" title="Platanus orientalis">Platanus orientalis</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Museums">Museums</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bursa&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Museums"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bursa_Archaeological_Museum" title="Bursa Archaeological Museum">Bursa Archaeological Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bursa_Atat%C3%BCrk_Museum" title="Bursa Atatürk Museum">Bursa Atatürk Museum</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Bursa City Museum,<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bursa_Energy_Museum" title="Bursa Energy Museum">Bursa Energy Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bursa_Forestry_Museum" title="Bursa Forestry Museum">Bursa Forestry Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bursa_Karag%C3%B6z_Museum" title="Bursa Karagöz Museum">Bursa Karagöz Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bursa_Museum_of_Turkish_and_Islamic_Art" title="Bursa Museum of Turkish and Islamic Art">Bursa Museum of Turkish and Islamic Art</a></li> <li>Bursa Turkish Architecture Museum</li> <li>İznik Museum</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mudanya_Armistice_House" title="Mudanya Armistice House">Mudanya Armistice House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Ottoman_House" title="Museum of Ottoman House">Museum of Ottoman House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tofa%C5%9F_Museum_of_Cars_and_Anatolian_Carriages" title="Tofaş Museum of Cars and Anatolian Carriages">Tofaş Museum of Cars and Anatolian Carriages</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Parks_and_gardens">Parks and gardens</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bursa&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Parks and gardens"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Uluda%C4%9F_National_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Uludağ National Park">Uludağ National Park</a></li> <li>Bursa Zoo and Botanical Garden</li> <li>Bursa Hüdavendigar Kent Park</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hot_springs_and_thermal_baths">Hot springs and thermal baths</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bursa&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Hot springs and thermal baths"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Keramet hot spring</li> <li>Çekirge hot spring</li> <li>Armutlu hot spring</li> <li>Oylat hot spring</li> <li>Gemlik hot spring</li> <li>Çelik Palas thermal bath</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Jewish_community">Jewish community</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bursa&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Jewish community"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bursa, initially home to a small <a href="/wiki/Romaniote_Jews" title="Romaniote Jews">Romaniote Jewish</a> community, underwent a demographic shift with the arrival of <a href="/wiki/Sephardic_Jews" title="Sephardic Jews">Sephardic Jews</a> who were <a href="/wiki/Expulsion_of_Jews_from_Spain" title="Expulsion of Jews from Spain">expelled from the Iberian Peninsula</a> in the late 15th century. The Sephardic majority quickly absorbed the Romaniotes, leading to a cultural and numerical dominance. <a href="/wiki/Judaeo-Spanish" title="Judaeo-Spanish">Judaeo-Spanish</a> became the daily language, and the community paid its <a href="/wiki/Jizya" title="Jizya">poll tax</a> through the representative, the <i>kahya</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-:03222_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:03222-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Throughout the Ottoman period, most Jews resided in Kuruçeşme, Bursa's Jewish quarter, home to three <a href="/wiki/Synagogue" title="Synagogue">synagogues</a>. Etz Chaim (Eṣ Ḥayyim), the oldest, predated <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Bursa" title="Siege of Bursa">Ottoman conquest</a>, while the Gerush and Mayor synagogues were established by Sephardic newcomers. Despite the 1851 fire destroying Etz Chaim, the other two remain, along with the Berut synagogue. Bursa also had a Jewish cemetery until recently.<sup id="cite_ref-:03222_43-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:03222-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Though never a major center, Bursa's Jewish population fluctuated. Dubious data suggests 683 families in 1571/72, dropping to 141 by 1696/97. By 1883, there were 2,179 Jews, with an influx of 400 from <a href="/wiki/Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi" title="Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi">Akkerman</a> in 1887. Pre-<a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>, the population reached 3,500, but emigration reduced it to 140 by the early 21st century.<sup id="cite_ref-:03222_43-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:03222-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Engaged in the local economy, Bursa's Jews were shop owners and involved in guilds. In the 16th and 17th centuries, they excelled in textile manufacturing, silk trade, <a href="/wiki/Goldsmith" title="Goldsmith">goldsmithing</a>, and finance. Despite economic struggles in the 18th and 19th centuries, a 1886 report highlighted poverty.<sup id="cite_ref-:03222_43-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:03222-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bursa faced blood libels in 1592 and 1865. Despite its size, the community produced renowned <a href="/wiki/Halakha" title="Halakha">halakhic</a> scholars across centuries. Modern schooling arrived in 1886 with <a href="/wiki/Alliance_Isra%C3%A9lite_Universelle" title="Alliance Israélite Universelle">Alliance Israélite Universelle</a>, but it closed in 1923 during the secularization program. Jewish children then attended Turkish schools for a modern education.<sup id="cite_ref-:03222_43-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:03222-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gallery">Gallery</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bursa&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bursa_Turkey_2013_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bursa Citadel Main Gate"><img alt="Bursa Citadel Main Gate" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Bursa_Turkey_2013_1.jpg/120px-Bursa_Turkey_2013_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="81" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Bursa_Turkey_2013_1.jpg/180px-Bursa_Turkey_2013_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Bursa_Turkey_2013_1.jpg/240px-Bursa_Turkey_2013_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2030" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Bursa Citadel Main Gate</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bursa_Orhan_Gazi_Mosque.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Orhan Gazi Mosque"><img alt="Orhan Gazi Mosque" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Bursa_Orhan_Gazi_Mosque.jpg/120px-Bursa_Orhan_Gazi_Mosque.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Bursa_Orhan_Gazi_Mosque.jpg/180px-Bursa_Orhan_Gazi_Mosque.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Bursa_Orhan_Gazi_Mosque.jpg/240px-Bursa_Orhan_Gazi_Mosque.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3522" data-file-height="2641" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Orhan_Gazi" class="mw-redirect" title="Orhan Gazi">Orhan Gazi</a> Mosque</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:EM%C4%B0RSULTAN_CAM%C4%B0%C4%B0_BURSA_-_panoramio_(2).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Emir Sultan Mosque"><img alt="Emir Sultan Mosque" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/EM%C4%B0RSULTAN_CAM%C4%B0%C4%B0_BURSA_-_panoramio_%282%29.jpg/120px-EM%C4%B0RSULTAN_CAM%C4%B0%C4%B0_BURSA_-_panoramio_%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/EM%C4%B0RSULTAN_CAM%C4%B0%C4%B0_BURSA_-_panoramio_%282%29.jpg/250px-EM%C4%B0RSULTAN_CAM%C4%B0%C4%B0_BURSA_-_panoramio_%282%29.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Emir_Sultan_Mosque" title="Emir Sultan Mosque">Emir Sultan Mosque</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bursa_Koza_Han_(Silk_Bazaar)_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Koza Han (Silk Bazaar) in Bursa"><img alt="Koza Han (Silk Bazaar) in Bursa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Bursa_Koza_Han_%28Silk_Bazaar%29_2.jpg/120px-Bursa_Koza_Han_%28Silk_Bazaar%29_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Bursa_Koza_Han_%28Silk_Bazaar%29_2.jpg/180px-Bursa_Koza_Han_%28Silk_Bazaar%29_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Bursa_Koza_Han_%28Silk_Bazaar%29_2.jpg/240px-Bursa_Koza_Han_%28Silk_Bazaar%29_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Koza Han (<a href="/wiki/Silk" title="Silk">Silk</a> <a href="/wiki/Bazaar" title="Bazaar">Bazaar</a>) in Bursa</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bursa001.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Entrance of the Yeşil Cami (Green Mosque)"><img alt="Entrance of the Yeşil Cami (Green Mosque)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Bursa001.jpg/120px-Bursa001.jpg" decoding="async" width="95" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Bursa001.jpg/250px-Bursa001.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="1948" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Entrance of the <a href="/wiki/Ye%C5%9Fil_Mosque" class="mw-redirect" title="Yeşil Mosque">Yeşil Cami</a> (Green Mosque)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Muradiye_Complex,_exterior.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Muradiye Mosque and Külliye in Bursa"><img alt="Muradiye Mosque and Külliye in Bursa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/45/Muradiye_Complex%2C_exterior.jpg/120px-Muradiye_Complex%2C_exterior.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/45/Muradiye_Complex%2C_exterior.jpg/250px-Muradiye_Complex%2C_exterior.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="3072" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Muradiye_Complex" title="Muradiye Complex">Muradiye Mosque and Külliye</a> in Bursa</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bursa,_Governorate.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Governorate of Bursa"><img alt="Governorate of Bursa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Bursa%2C_Governorate.jpg/120px-Bursa%2C_Governorate.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Bursa%2C_Governorate.jpg/250px-Bursa%2C_Governorate.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Governorate of Bursa</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Uludag_range.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Mt. Uludağ is a popular ski destination."><img alt="Mt. Uludağ is a popular ski destination." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Uludag_range.JPG/120px-Uludag_range.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Uludag_range.JPG/180px-Uludag_range.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Uludag_range.JPG/240px-Uludag_range.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Uluda%C4%9F" title="Uludağ">Mt. Uludağ</a> is a popular ski destination.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bursa_7059.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Statue of Atatürk in Bursa"><img alt="Statue of Atatürk in Bursa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Bursa_7059.jpg/90px-Bursa_7059.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Bursa_7059.jpg/135px-Bursa_7059.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Bursa_7059.jpg/180px-Bursa_7059.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1932" data-file-height="2576" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Statue of <a href="/wiki/Mustafa_Kemal_Atat%C3%BCrk" title="Mustafa Kemal Atatürk">Atatürk</a> in Bursa</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%C5%9Eehrek%C3%BCst%C3%BC_Mosque,_Bursa.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Şehreküstü Mosque"><img alt="Şehreküstü Mosque" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/%C5%9Eehrek%C3%BCst%C3%BC_Mosque%2C_Bursa.jpg/120px-%C5%9Eehrek%C3%BCst%C3%BC_Mosque%2C_Bursa.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/%C5%9Eehrek%C3%BCst%C3%BC_Mosque%2C_Bursa.jpg/250px-%C5%9Eehrek%C3%BCst%C3%BC_Mosque%2C_Bursa.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1932" data-file-height="2576" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Şehreküstü Mosque</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ye%C5%9Fil_Cami_Bursa.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Interior of Yeşil Mosque"><img alt="Interior of Yeşil Mosque" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Ye%C5%9Fil_Cami_Bursa.jpg/90px-Ye%C5%9Fil_Cami_Bursa.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Ye%C5%9Fil_Cami_Bursa.jpg/135px-Ye%C5%9Fil_Cami_Bursa.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Ye%C5%9Fil_Cami_Bursa.jpg/180px-Ye%C5%9Fil_Cami_Bursa.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3024" data-file-height="4032" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Interior of Yeşil Mosque</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Franz%C3%B6sische_Kirche_in_Bursa.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bursa French Catholic Church"><img alt="Bursa French Catholic Church" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Franz%C3%B6sische_Kirche_in_Bursa.jpg/120px-Franz%C3%B6sische_Kirche_in_Bursa.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="82" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Franz%C3%B6sische_Kirche_in_Bursa.jpg/180px-Franz%C3%B6sische_Kirche_in_Bursa.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Franz%C3%B6sische_Kirche_in_Bursa.jpg/240px-Franz%C3%B6sische_Kirche_in_Bursa.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3831" data-file-height="2628" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Bursa French Catholic Church</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bursa_Kalesi_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Saltanatkapı (Citadel Main Gate)"><img alt="Saltanatkapı (Citadel Main Gate)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Bursa_Kalesi_1.jpg/120px-Bursa_Kalesi_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Bursa_Kalesi_1.jpg/250px-Bursa_Kalesi_1.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Saltanatkapı (Citadel Main Gate)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bursa_B%C3%BCy%C3%BCk%C5%9Fehir_Belediyesi.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Old City Hall"><img alt="Old City Hall" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Bursa_B%C3%BCy%C3%BCk%C5%9Fehir_Belediyesi.jpg/120px-Bursa_B%C3%BCy%C3%BCk%C5%9Fehir_Belediyesi.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Bursa_B%C3%BCy%C3%BCk%C5%9Fehir_Belediyesi.jpg/250px-Bursa_B%C3%BCy%C3%BCk%C5%9Fehir_Belediyesi.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Old City Hall</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Clock_Tower,_Bursa.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tophane Clocktower"><img alt="Tophane Clocktower" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Clock_Tower%2C_Bursa.jpg/120px-Clock_Tower%2C_Bursa.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Clock_Tower%2C_Bursa.jpg/250px-Clock_Tower%2C_Bursa.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1932" data-file-height="2576" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Tophane Clocktower</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:T%C3%BCrbe_of_Osman_I,_Bursa.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tomb of Osman Gazi"><img alt="Tomb of Osman Gazi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/T%C3%BCrbe_of_Osman_I%2C_Bursa.jpg/120px-T%C3%BCrbe_of_Osman_I%2C_Bursa.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/T%C3%BCrbe_of_Osman_I%2C_Bursa.jpg/180px-T%C3%BCrbe_of_Osman_I%2C_Bursa.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/T%C3%BCrbe_of_Osman_I%2C_Bursa.jpg/240px-T%C3%BCrbe_of_Osman_I%2C_Bursa.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2576" data-file-height="1932" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Tomb of <a href="/wiki/Osman_Gazi" class="mw-redirect" title="Osman Gazi">Osman Gazi</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:T%C3%BCrbe_of_Orhan_Gazi,_Bursa.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tomb of Orhan Gazi"><img alt="Tomb of Orhan Gazi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/T%C3%BCrbe_of_Orhan_Gazi%2C_Bursa.jpg/120px-T%C3%BCrbe_of_Orhan_Gazi%2C_Bursa.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/T%C3%BCrbe_of_Orhan_Gazi%2C_Bursa.jpg/250px-T%C3%BCrbe_of_Orhan_Gazi%2C_Bursa.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="2576" data-file-height="1932" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Tomb of <a href="/wiki/Orhan_Gazi" class="mw-redirect" title="Orhan Gazi">Orhan Gazi</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Innenansicht_Gro%C3%9Fe_Moschee_in_Bursa_PIC_2004-08-24_19-22_0227.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Interior of the Grand Mosque"><img alt="Interior of the Grand Mosque" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Innenansicht_Gro%C3%9Fe_Moschee_in_Bursa_PIC_2004-08-24_19-22_0227.JPG/120px-Innenansicht_Gro%C3%9Fe_Moschee_in_Bursa_PIC_2004-08-24_19-22_0227.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Innenansicht_Gro%C3%9Fe_Moschee_in_Bursa_PIC_2004-08-24_19-22_0227.JPG/180px-Innenansicht_Gro%C3%9Fe_Moschee_in_Bursa_PIC_2004-08-24_19-22_0227.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Innenansicht_Gro%C3%9Fe_Moschee_in_Bursa_PIC_2004-08-24_19-22_0227.JPG/240px-Innenansicht_Gro%C3%9Fe_Moschee_in_Bursa_PIC_2004-08-24_19-22_0227.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2295" data-file-height="1907" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Interior of the Grand Mosque</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bursapnc1.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Koza Han (Silk Bazaar)"><img alt="Koza Han (Silk Bazaar)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Bursapnc1.JPG/120px-Bursapnc1.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Bursapnc1.JPG/250px-Bursapnc1.JPG 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Koza Han (Silk Bazaar)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Irgand%C4%B1_k%C3%B6pr%C3%BCs%C3%BC_bursa_-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Irgandı Bridge"><img alt="Irgandı Bridge" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Irgand%C4%B1_k%C3%B6pr%C3%BCs%C3%BC_bursa_-_panoramio.jpg/120px-Irgand%C4%B1_k%C3%B6pr%C3%BCs%C3%BC_bursa_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Irgand%C4%B1_k%C3%B6pr%C3%BCs%C3%BC_bursa_-_panoramio.jpg/250px-Irgand%C4%B1_k%C3%B6pr%C3%BCs%C3%BC_bursa_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="3352" data-file-height="1872" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Irgand%C4%B1_Bridge" title="Irgandı Bridge">Irgandı Bridge</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:View_of_the_city,_Bursa,_Turkey_LOC_4211210430.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A view of Bursa in the late 19th century"><img alt="A view of Bursa in the late 19th century" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/View_of_the_city%2C_Bursa%2C_Turkey_LOC_4211210430.jpg/120px-View_of_the_city%2C_Bursa%2C_Turkey_LOC_4211210430.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/View_of_the_city%2C_Bursa%2C_Turkey_LOC_4211210430.jpg/250px-View_of_the_city%2C_Bursa%2C_Turkey_LOC_4211210430.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="760" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A view of Bursa in the late 19th century</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bursa,_Turkey,_ca._1895.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bursa, c. 1895"><img alt="Bursa, c. 1895" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Bursa%2C_Turkey%2C_ca._1895.jpg/120px-Bursa%2C_Turkey%2C_ca._1895.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Bursa%2C_Turkey%2C_ca._1895.jpg/250px-Bursa%2C_Turkey%2C_ca._1895.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="3307" data-file-height="2438" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Bursa, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1895</span> </div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Atat%C3%BCrk_1924%27te_Bursa_halk%C4%B1na_hitap_ediyor.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Atatürk delivering a speech in Bursa, 1924"><img alt="Atatürk delivering a speech in Bursa, 1924" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Atat%C3%BCrk_1924%27te_Bursa_halk%C4%B1na_hitap_ediyor.jpg/120px-Atat%C3%BCrk_1924%27te_Bursa_halk%C4%B1na_hitap_ediyor.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Atat%C3%BCrk_1924%27te_Bursa_halk%C4%B1na_hitap_ediyor.jpg/180px-Atat%C3%BCrk_1924%27te_Bursa_halk%C4%B1na_hitap_ediyor.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Atat%C3%BCrk_1924%27te_Bursa_halk%C4%B1na_hitap_ediyor.jpg/240px-Atat%C3%BCrk_1924%27te_Bursa_halk%C4%B1na_hitap_ediyor.jpg 2x" data-file-width="730" data-file-height="537" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Mustafa_Kemal_Atat%C3%BCrk" title="Mustafa Kemal Atatürk">Atatürk</a> delivering a speech in Bursa, 1924</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:View_of_Bursa_from_the_hills_of_Mount_Uludag.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A view of Bursa from the foothills of Mt. Uludağ"><img alt="A view of Bursa from the foothills of Mt. Uludağ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/View_of_Bursa_from_the_hills_of_Mount_Uludag.jpg/120px-View_of_Bursa_from_the_hills_of_Mount_Uludag.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/View_of_Bursa_from_the_hills_of_Mount_Uludag.jpg/250px-View_of_Bursa_from_the_hills_of_Mount_Uludag.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="583" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A view of Bursa from the foothills of <a href="/wiki/Uluda%C4%9F" title="Uludağ">Mt. Uludağ</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Twin_towns_–_sister_cities"><span id="Twin_towns_.E2.80.93_sister_cities"></span>Twin towns – sister cities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bursa&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Twin towns – sister cities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_twin_towns_and_sister_cities_in_Turkey" title="List of twin towns and sister cities in Turkey">List of twin towns and sister cities in Turkey</a></div> <p>Bursa is <a href="/wiki/Sister_city" title="Sister city">twinned</a> with:<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Darmstadt" title="Darmstadt">Darmstadt</a>, Germany (1971)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina"><img alt="Bosnia and Herzegovina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/40px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/60px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Sarajevo" title="Sarajevo">Sarajevo</a>, Bosnia and Herzegovina (1972)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland"><img alt="Finland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/40px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/60px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Oulu" title="Oulu">Oulu</a>, Finland (1978)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia"><img alt="Tunisia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/60px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kairouan" title="Kairouan">Kairouan</a>, Tunisia (1987)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/China" title="China"><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Anshan" title="Anshan">Anshan</a>, China (1991)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia"><img alt="North Macedonia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/40px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg/60px-Flag_of_North_Macedonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Bitola" title="Bitola">Bitola</a>, North Macedonia (1996)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Moldova" title="Moldova"><img alt="Moldova" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/40px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Flag_of_Moldova.svg/60px-Flag_of_Moldova.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="900" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Cead%C3%AEr-Lunga" title="Ceadîr-Lunga">Ceadîr-Lunga</a>, Moldova (1997)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan"><img alt="Kazakhstan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/60px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kyzylorda" title="Kyzylorda">Kyzylorda</a>, Kazakhstan (1997)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria"><img alt="Algeria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/40px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/60px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Mascara,_Algeria" title="Mascara, Algeria">Mascara</a>, Algeria (1998)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kulmbach" title="Kulmbach">Kulmbach</a>, Germany (1998)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria"><img alt="Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/40px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/60px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Pleven_Municipality" title="Pleven Municipality">Pleven</a>, Bulgaria (1998)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria"><img alt="Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/40px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/60px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Plovdiv" title="Plovdiv">Plovdiv</a>, Bulgaria (1998)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania"><img alt="Albania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/40px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Flag_of_Albania.svg/60px-Flag_of_Albania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Tirana" title="Tirana">Tirana</a>, Albania (1998)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia"><img alt="Slovakia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_Slovakia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Slovakia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ko%C5%A1ice" title="Košice">Košice</a>, Slovakia (2000)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine"><img alt="Ukraine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Vinnytsia" title="Vinnytsia">Vinnytsia</a>, Ukraine (2004)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary"><img alt="Hungary" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/40px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/60px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Szentendre" title="Szentendre">Szentendre</a>, Hungary (2005)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kosovo" title="Kosovo"><img alt="Kosovo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Kosovo.svg/40px-Flag_of_Kosovo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Flag_of_Kosovo.svg/60px-Flag_of_Kosovo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="840" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Pristina" title="Pristina">Pristina</a>, Kosovo (2010)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine"><img alt="Ukraine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Bakhchysarai" title="Bakhchysarai">Bakhchysarai</a>, Ukraine (2010)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria"><img alt="Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/40px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/60px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Momchilgrad_Municipality" title="Momchilgrad Municipality">Momchilgrad</a>, Bulgaria (2010)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus"><img alt="Belarus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/40px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/60px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Mogilev" title="Mogilev">Mogilev</a>, Belarus (2013)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Palestine" title="Palestine"><img alt="Palestine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/40px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/60px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Hebron" title="Hebron">Hebron</a>, Palestine (2014)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel"><img alt="Israel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/21px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/32px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/41px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Herzliya" title="Herzliya">Herzliya</a>, Israel (2014)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria"><img alt="Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/40px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/60px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Veliko_Tarnovo_Municipality" title="Veliko Tarnovo Municipality">Veliko Tărnovo</a>, Bulgaria (2017)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia"><img alt="Somalia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Galkayo" title="Galkayo">Galkayo</a>, Somalia (2018)</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bursa&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/32px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/48px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/64px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Turkey" title="Portal:Turkey">Turkey portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1855_Bursa_earthquake" title="1855 Bursa earthquake">1855 Bursa earthquake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Complex_of_Mehmed_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Complex of Mehmed I">Complex of Mehmed I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emir_Sultan_Mosque" title="Emir Sultan Mosque">Emirsultan Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Mosque_of_Bursa" title="Grand Mosque of Bursa">Grand Mosque of Bursa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_Mosque_(Bursa)" class="mw-redirect" title="Green Mosque (Bursa)">Green Tomb and Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Bursa" title="List of people from Bursa">List of people from Bursa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Turkey" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Turkey">List of World Heritage Sites in Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Bursa" title="Siege of Bursa">Siege of Bursa</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bursa&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-citypopulation.de-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-citypopulation.de_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-citypopulation.de_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.citypopulation.de/en/turkey/admin/TR411__bursa/">"Bursa (Metropolitan Province, Turkey) - Population Statistics, Charts, Map and Location"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bursa+%28Metropolitan+Province%2C+Turkey%29+-+Population+Statistics%2C+Charts%2C+Map+and+Location&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.citypopulation.de%2Fen%2Fturkey%2Fadmin%2FTR411__bursa%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABursa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cip.tuik.gov.tr/">"TÜRKiYE STATiSTiK KURUMU"</a>. <i>cip.tuik.gov.tr</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=cip.tuik.gov.tr&rft.atitle=T%C3%9CRKiYE+STATiSTiK+KURUMU&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcip.tuik.gov.tr%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABursa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.karagoz.org.tr/tr/karagoz-blog/karagoz-tarihcesi">"Karagöz'ün 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 19,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bursa+Public+Transportation+Statistics&rft.pub=Global+Public+Transit+Index+by+Moovit&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmoovitapp.com%2Finsights%2Fen%2FMoovit_Insights_Public_Transit_Index_Turkey_Bursa-3663&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABursa" class="Z3988"></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:CC_BY_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/CC_BY_icon.svg/50px-CC_BY_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/CC_BY_icon.svg/75px-CC_BY_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/CC_BY_icon.svg/100px-CC_BY_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="88" data-file-height="31" /></a></span> Material was copied from this source, which is available under a <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Licence</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uludag.edu.tr/konu/view/15">"Uludağ Üniversitesi Hakkında"</a>. <i>Uludağ Üniversitesi Resmi Websitesi</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Uluda%C4%9F+%C3%9Cniversitesi+Resmi+Websitesi&rft.atitle=Uluda%C4%9F+%C3%9Cniversitesi+Hakk%C4%B1nda&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.uludag.edu.tr%2Fkonu%2Fview%2F15&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABursa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.btu.edu.tr/">"Bursa Teknik Üniversitesi"</a>. Btu.edu.tr<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-03-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bursa+Teknik+%C3%9Cniversitesi&rft.pub=Btu.edu.tr&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.btu.edu.tr%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABursa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130318072854/http://www.bou.edu.tr/">"Bursa Orhangazi Üniversitesi"</a>. Bou.edu.tr. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bou.edu.tr/">the original</a> on 2013-03-18<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-03-26</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bursa+Orhangazi+%C3%9Cniversitesi&rft.pub=Bou.edu.tr&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bou.edu.tr%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABursa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120827100932/http://iticu.edu.tr/tr/duyuru/detay/Kategori/id/0/id/172">"Istanbul Commerce University at Bursa"</a> (in Turkish). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iticu.edu.tr/tr/duyuru/detay/Kategori/id/0/id/172">the original</a> on 2012-08-27.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Istanbul+Commerce+University+at+Bursa&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iticu.edu.tr%2Ftr%2Fduyuru%2Fdetay%2FKategori%2Fid%2F0%2Fid%2F172&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABursa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bb1-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bb1_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bursadabugun.com/haber/bursa-celal-sonmez-spor-lisesi-gelecegin-sampiyonlarini-ariyor-1301227.html">"Bursa Celal Sönmez Spor Lisesi, geleceğin şampiyonlarını arıyor"</a>. <i>Bursada Bugün</i> (in Turkish). 14 June 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bursada+Bug%C3%BCn&rft.atitle=Bursa+Celal+S%C3%B6nmez+Spor+Lisesi%2C+gelece%C4%9Fin+%C5%9Fampiyonlar%C4%B1n%C4%B1+ar%C4%B1yor&rft.date=2020-06-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bursadabugun.com%2Fhaber%2Fbursa-celal-sonmez-spor-lisesi-gelecegin-sampiyonlarini-ariyor-1301227.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABursa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tkp1-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-tkp1_39-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kulturportali.gov.tr/turkiye/bursa/kulturenvanteri/tarim-meslek-lisesi">"Kültür Envanteri Anıt - Tarım Meslek Lisesi - Bursa"</a> (in Turkish). Türkiye Kültür Portalı. 13 May 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 February</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=K%C3%BClt%C3%BCr+Envanteri+An%C4%B1t+-+Tar%C4%B1m+Meslek+Lisesi+-+Bursa&rft.pub=T%C3%BCrkiye+K%C3%BClt%C3%BCr+Portal%C4%B1&rft.date=2013-05-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kulturportali.gov.tr%2Fturkiye%2Fbursa%2Fkulturenvanteri%2Ftarim-meslek-lisesi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABursa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.haberler.com/secim/2019/yerel-secimler/bursa-secim-sonuclari/">"Bursa Seçim Sonuçları - 31 Mart Bursa Yerel Seçim Sonuçları"</a>. <i>www.haberler.com</i> (in Turkish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-08-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.haberler.com&rft.atitle=Bursa+Se%C3%A7im+Sonu%C3%A7lar%C4%B1+-+31+Mart+Bursa+Yerel+Se%C3%A7im+Sonu%C3%A7lar%C4%B1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.haberler.com%2Fsecim%2F2019%2Fyerel-secimler%2Fbursa-secim-sonuclari%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABursa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN-103965/bursa---ataturk-museum.html">"Bursa - Atatürk Museum"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bursa+-+Atat%C3%BCrk+Museum&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kultur.gov.tr%2FEN-103965%2Fbursa---ataturk-museum.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABursa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191020001211/http://ndr.com.tr/en/museum/detail/bursa-city-museum">"Bursa City Museum"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ndr.com.tr/en/museum/detail/bursa-city-museum">the original</a> on 2019-10-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-04-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bursa+City+Museum&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fndr.com.tr%2Fen%2Fmuseum%2Fdetail%2Fbursa-city-museum&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABursa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:03222-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:03222_43-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:03222_43-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:03222_43-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:03222_43-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:03222_43-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBornstein-Makovetsky" class="citation book cs1">Bornstein-Makovetsky, Leah. "Bursa". In Stillman, Norman A. (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/encyclopedia-of-jews-in-the-islamic-world/*-SIM_0007390"><i>Encyclopedia of Jews in the Islamic World</i></a>. Brill Reference Online.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Bursa&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Jews+in+the+Islamic+World&rft.pub=Brill+Reference+Online&rft.aulast=Bornstein-Makovetsky&rft.aufirst=Leah&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Freferenceworks.brillonline.com%2Fentries%2Fencyclopedia-of-jews-in-the-islamic-world%2F%2A-SIM_0007390&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABursa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bursa.bel.tr/sayfa/kardes-sehirler-261">"Kardeş Şehirler"</a>. <i>bursa.bel.tr</i> (in Turkish). Bursa<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-01-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bursa.bel.tr&rft.atitle=Karde%C5%9F+%C5%9Eehirler&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bursa.bel.tr%2Fsayfa%2Fkardes-sehirler-261&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABursa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bursa&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Bursa#Bibliography" title="Timeline of Bursa">Bibliography of the history of Bursa</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bursa&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Bursa" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Bursa">Bursa</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735" /><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/120px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikivoyage has a travel guide for <i><b><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Bursa#Q40738" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Bursa">Bursa</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160119073649/http://en.bursa.bel.tr/">Bursa Metropolitan Municipality</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120227232200/http://english.bursa.gov.tr/">Bursa Governorship</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1219497266">.mw-parser-output .largestCities-table-background{background:#f9f9f9;color:#222}.mw-parser-output .largestCities-cell-background{background:#f0f0f0;color:#222}</style> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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href="/wiki/Template_talk:Largest_cities_in_Turkey" title="Template talk:Largest cities in Turkey"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Largest_cities_in_Turkey" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Largest cities in Turkey"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Largest_cities_or_towns_in_TurkeyTÜİK&#039;s_address-based_calculation_from_31_December_2023_published_at_7th_of_February_2024.310" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Largest cities or towns in Turkey<br /><div style="display:inline;font-weight:normal;font-size:90%;"><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Statistical_Institute" title="Turkish Statistical Institute">TÜİK</a>'s address-based calculation from 31 December 2023 published at 7th of February 2024.</div></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;border-width:0;"><div style="padding:0"> <table style="width:100%" class="wraplinks"> <tbody><tr> <th></th> <th><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Turkey_by_population" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities in Turkey by population">Rank</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Turkey" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities in Turkey">Name</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Turkey_by_population" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities in Turkey by population">Pop.</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Turkey_by_population" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities in Turkey by population">Rank</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Turkey" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities in Turkey">Name</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Turkey_by_population" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities in Turkey by population">Pop.</a></th> <th> </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="11" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Historical_peninsula_and_modern_skyline_of_Istanbul.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Istanbul"><img alt="Istanbul" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Historical_peninsula_and_modern_skyline_of_Istanbul.jpg/120px-Historical_peninsula_and_modern_skyline_of_Istanbul.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="58" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Historical_peninsula_and_modern_skyline_of_Istanbul.jpg/250px-Historical_peninsula_and_modern_skyline_of_Istanbul.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="3301" data-file-height="1595" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a><br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ankara_from_bus_station.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ankara"><img alt="Ankara" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Ankara_from_bus_station.jpg/120px-Ankara_from_bus_station.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Ankara_from_bus_station.jpg/250px-Ankara_from_bus_station.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="3883" data-file-height="2508" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Ankara" title="Ankara">Ankara</a> </td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">1</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">15,655,924</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">11</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Mersin" title="Mersin">Mersin</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,938,389 </td> <td rowspan="11" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Skyscrapers_in_Izmir_-_Turkey.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="İzmir"><img alt="İzmir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Skyscrapers_in_Izmir_-_Turkey.jpg/120px-Skyscrapers_in_Izmir_-_Turkey.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Skyscrapers_in_Izmir_-_Turkey.jpg/250px-Skyscrapers_in_Izmir_-_Turkey.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="4068" data-file-height="2019" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0zmir" title="İzmir">İzmir</a><br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bursa_image.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bursa"><img alt="Bursa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Bursa_image.jpg/120px-Bursa_image.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="61" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Bursa_image.jpg/180px-Bursa_image.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Bursa_image.jpg/240px-Bursa_image.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5760" data-file-height="2905" /></a></span><br /><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bursa</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">2</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Ankara" title="Ankara">Ankara</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">5,803,482</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">12</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Diyarbak%C4%B1r" title="Diyarbakır">Diyarbakır</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,818,133 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">3</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0zmir" title="İzmir">İzmir</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">4,479,525</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">13</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Hatay" class="mw-redirect" title="Hatay">Hatay</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,544,640 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">4</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bursa</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">3,214,571</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">14</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Manisa" title="Manisa">Manisa</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,475,716 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">5</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Antalya" title="Antalya">Antalya</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,696,249</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">15</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Kayseri" title="Kayseri">Kayseri</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,445,683 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">6</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Konya" title="Konya">Konya</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,320,241</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">16</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Samsun" title="Samsun">Samsun</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,377,546 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">7</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Adana" title="Adana">Adana</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,270,298</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">17</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Bal%C4%B1kesir" title="Balıkesir">Balıkesir</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,273,519 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">8</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa" class="mw-redirect" title="Şanlıurfa">Şanlıurfa</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,213,964</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">18</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Tekirda%C4%9F" title="Tekirdağ">Tekirdağ</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,167,059 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">9</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Gaziantep" title="Gaziantep">Gaziantep</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,164,134</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">19</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Ayd%C4%B1n" title="Aydın">Aydın</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,161,702 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">10</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Kocaeli_Province" title="Kocaeli Province">Kocaeli</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,102,907</td> <td class="largestCities-cell-background" style="text-align:center;">20</td> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Van,_Turkey" title="Van, Turkey">Van</a></td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,127,612 </td></tr> </tbody></table> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Bursa_in_Bursa_Province_of_Turkey146" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Districts_of_Turkey" title="Template:Districts of Turkey"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Districts_of_Turkey" title="Template talk:Districts of Turkey"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Districts_of_Turkey" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Districts of Turkey"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Bursa_in_Bursa_Province_of_Turkey146" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Bursa in <a href="/wiki/Bursa_Province" title="Bursa Province">Bursa Province</a> of <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Districts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%BCy%C3%BCkorhan" title="Büyükorhan">Büyükorhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gemlik" title="Gemlik">Gemlik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCrsu" title="Gürsu">Gürsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harmanc%C4%B1k" title="Harmancık">Harmancık</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0neg%C3%B6l" title="İnegöl">İnegöl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0znik" title="İznik">İznik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karacabey" title="Karacabey">Karacabey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keles" title="Keles">Keles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kestel,_Bursa" title="Kestel, Bursa">Kestel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mudanya" title="Mudanya">Mudanya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mustafakemalpa%C5%9Fa" title="Mustafakemalpaşa">Mustafakemalpaşa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nil%C3%BCfer,_Bursa" title="Nilüfer, Bursa">Nilüfer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orhaneli" title="Orhaneli">Orhaneli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orhangazi" title="Orhangazi">Orhangazi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osmangazi" title="Osmangazi">Osmangazi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeni%C5%9Fehir,_Bursa" title="Yenişehir, Bursa">Yenişehir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Y%C4%B1ld%C4%B1r%C4%B1m,_Bursa" title="Yıldırım, Bursa">Yıldırım</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NUTS_Map_of_Turkey.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/NUTS_Map_of_Turkey.png/120px-NUTS_Map_of_Turkey.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="49" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/NUTS_Map_of_Turkey.png/250px-NUTS_Map_of_Turkey.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><br /><br /><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bursa_districts.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Districts of Bursa"><img alt="Districts of Bursa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Bursa_districts.png/100px-Bursa_districts.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="77" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Bursa_districts.png/150px-Bursa_districts.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Bursa_districts.png/200px-Bursa_districts.png 2x" data-file-width="1056" data-file-height="816" /></a><figcaption>Districts of Bursa</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div id="List_of_provinces_by_region724"><b>List of <a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Turkey" title="Provinces of Turkey">provinces</a> by <a href="/wiki/NUTS_statistical_regions_of_Turkey" title="NUTS statistical regions of Turkey">region</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Istanbul_Region_(statistical)" class="mw-redirect" title="Istanbul Region (statistical)">Istanbul</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/West_Marmara_Region_(statistical)" class="mw-redirect" title="West Marmara Region (statistical)">West Marmara</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Bal%C4%B1kesir_Province" title="Balıkesir Province">Balıkesir</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%87anakkale_Province" title="Çanakkale Province">Çanakkale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edirne_Province" title="Edirne Province">Edirne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C4%B1rklareli_Province" title="Kırklareli Province">Kırklareli</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Tekirda%C4%9F_Province" title="Tekirdağ Province">Tekirdağ</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Aegean_Region_(statistical)" class="mw-redirect" title="Aegean Region (statistical)">Aegean</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afyonkarahisar_Province" title="Afyonkarahisar Province">Afyonkarahisar</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Ayd%C4%B1n_Province" title="Aydın Province">Aydın</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Denizli_Province" title="Denizli Province">Denizli</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0zmir_Province" title="İzmir Province">İzmir</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%BCtahya_Province" title="Kütahya Province">Kütahya</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Manisa_Province" title="Manisa Province">Manisa</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Mu%C4%9Fla_Province" title="Muğla Province">Muğla</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U%C5%9Fak_Province" title="Uşak Province">Uşak</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/East_Marmara_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="East Marmara Region">East Marmara</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bilecik_Province" title="Bilecik Province">Bilecik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolu_Province" title="Bolu Province">Bolu</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Bursa_Province" title="Bursa Province">Bursa</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%BCzce_Province" title="Düzce Province">Düzce</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Eski%C5%9Fehir_Province" title="Eskişehir Province">Eskişehir</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Kocaeli_Province" title="Kocaeli Province">Kocaeli</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Sakarya_Province" title="Sakarya Province">Sakarya</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yalova_Province" title="Yalova Province">Yalova</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/West_Anatolia_Region_(statistical)" class="mw-redirect" title="West Anatolia Region (statistical)">West Anatolia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Ankara_Province" title="Ankara Province">Ankara</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karaman_Province" title="Karaman Province">Karaman</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Konya_Province" title="Konya Province">Konya</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Region_(statistical)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mediterranean Region (statistical)">Mediterranean</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Adana_Province" title="Adana Province">Adana</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Antalya_Province" title="Antalya Province">Antalya</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burdur_Province" title="Burdur Province">Burdur</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Hatay_Province" title="Hatay Province">Hatay</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isparta_Province" title="Isparta Province">Isparta</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Kahramanmara%C5%9F_Province" title="Kahramanmaraş Province">Kahramanmaraş</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Mersin_Province" title="Mersin Province">Mersin</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osmaniye_Province" title="Osmaniye Province">Osmaniye</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Central_Anatolia_Region_(statistical)" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Anatolia Region (statistical)">Central Anatolia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aksaray_Province" title="Aksaray Province">Aksaray</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Kayseri_Province" title="Kayseri Province">Kayseri</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C4%B1r%C4%B1kkale_Province" title="Kırıkkale Province">Kırıkkale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C4%B1r%C5%9Fehir_Province" title="Kırşehir Province">Kırşehir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nev%C5%9Fehir_Province" title="Nevşehir Province">Nevşehir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ni%C4%9Fde_Province" title="Niğde Province">Niğde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sivas_Province" title="Sivas Province">Sivas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yozgat_Province" title="Yozgat Province">Yozgat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/West_Black_Sea_Region_(statistical)" class="mw-redirect" title="West Black Sea Region (statistical)">West Black Sea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amasya_Province" title="Amasya Province">Amasya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bart%C4%B1n_Province" title="Bartın Province">Bartın</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%87ank%C4%B1r%C4%B1_Province" title="Çankırı Province">Çankırı</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%87orum_Province" title="Çorum Province">Çorum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karab%C3%BCk_Province" title="Karabük Province">Karabük</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kastamonu_Province" title="Kastamonu Province">Kastamonu</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Samsun_Province" title="Samsun Province">Samsun</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinop_Province" title="Sinop Province">Sinop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokat_Province" title="Tokat Province">Tokat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zonguldak_Province" title="Zonguldak Province">Zonguldak</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/East_Black_Sea_Region_(statistical)" class="mw-redirect" title="East Black Sea Region (statistical)">East Black Sea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Artvin_Province" title="Artvin Province">Artvin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giresun_Province" title="Giresun Province">Giresun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCm%C3%BC%C5%9Fhane_Province" title="Gümüşhane Province">Gümüşhane</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Ordu_Province" title="Ordu Province">Ordu</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rize_Province" title="Rize Province">Rize</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Trabzon_Province" title="Trabzon Province">Trabzon</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Northeast_Anatolia_Region_(statistical)" class="mw-redirect" title="Northeast Anatolia Region (statistical)">Northeast Anatolia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A%C4%9Fr%C4%B1_Province" title="Ağrı Province">Ağrı</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ardahan_Province" title="Ardahan Province">Ardahan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayburt_Province" title="Bayburt Province">Bayburt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erzincan_Province" title="Erzincan Province">Erzincan</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Erzurum_Province" title="Erzurum Province">Erzurum</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I%C4%9Fd%C4%B1r_Province" title="Iğdır Province">Iğdır</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kars_Province" title="Kars Province">Kars</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Central_East_Anatolia_Region_(statistical)" class="mw-redirect" title="Central East Anatolia Region (statistical)">Central East Anatolia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bing%C3%B6l_Province" title="Bingöl Province">Bingöl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bitlis_Province" title="Bitlis Province">Bitlis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elaz%C4%B1%C4%9F_Province" title="Elazığ Province">Elazığ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hakk%C3%A2ri_Province" title="Hakkâri Province">Hakkâri</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Malatya_Province" title="Malatya Province">Malatya</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mu%C5%9F_Province" title="Muş Province">Muş</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunceli_Province" title="Tunceli Province">Tunceli</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Van_Province" title="Van Province">Van</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Southeast_Anatolia_Region_(statistical)" class="mw-redirect" title="Southeast Anatolia Region (statistical)">Southeast Anatolia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ad%C4%B1yaman_Province" title="Adıyaman Province">Adıyaman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batman_Province" title="Batman Province">Batman</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Diyarbak%C4%B1r_Province" title="Diyarbakır Province">Diyarbakır</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Gaziantep_Province" title="Gaziantep Province">Gaziantep</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kilis_Province" title="Kilis Province">Kilis</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Mardin_Province" title="Mardin Province">Mardin</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siirt_Province" title="Siirt Province">Siirt</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eanl%C4%B1urfa_Province" title="Şanlıurfa Province">Şanlıurfa</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9E%C4%B1rnak_Province" title="Şırnak Province">Şırnak</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><small><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_municipalities_in_Turkey" title="Metropolitan municipalities in Turkey">Metropolitan municipalities</a> are bolded.</small></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="World_Heritage_Sites_in_Turkey579" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:World_Heritage_Sites_in_Turkey" title="Template:World Heritage Sites in Turkey"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:World_Heritage_Sites_in_Turkey" title="Template talk:World Heritage Sites in Turkey"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:World_Heritage_Sites_in_Turkey" title="Special:EditPage/Template:World Heritage Sites in Turkey"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="World_Heritage_Sites_in_Turkey579" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">World Heritage Sites</a> in <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Aegean_region" title="Aegean region">Aegean</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aphrodisias" title="Aphrodisias">Aphrodisias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ephesus" title="Ephesus">Ephesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hierapolis" title="Hierapolis">Hierapolis</a> / <a href="/wiki/Pamukkale" title="Pamukkale">Pamukkale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pergamon" title="Pergamon">Pergamon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Black_Sea_region" title="Black Sea region">Black Sea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hattusa" title="Hattusa">Hattusa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safranbolu" title="Safranbolu">Safranbolu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Central_Anatolia_region" title="Central Anatolia region">Central Anatolia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%87atalh%C3%B6y%C3%BCk" title="Çatalhöyük">Çatalhöyük</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divri%C4%9Fi_Great_Mosque_and_Hospital" title="Divriği Great Mosque and Hospital">Divriği Great Mosque and Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordion" title="Gordion">Gordion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6reme_National_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="Göreme National Park">Göreme National Park</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cappadocia" title="Cappadocia">Cappadocia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Anatolia_region" title="Eastern Anatolia region">East Anatolia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ani" title="Ani">Ani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melid" class="mw-redirect" title="Melid">Arslantepe Mound</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Marmara_region" title="Marmara region">Marmara</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bursa</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cumal%C4%B1k%C4%B1z%C4%B1k" title="Cumalıkızık">Cumalıkızık</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historic_Areas_of_Istanbul" title="Historic Areas of Istanbul">Historic Areas</a> of <a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selimiye_Mosque,_Edirne" title="Selimiye Mosque, Edirne">Selimiye Mosque and its Social Complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troy" title="Troy">Troy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_region,_Turkey" title="Mediterranean region, Turkey">Mediterranean</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Xanthos" title="Xanthos">Xanthos</a> / <a href="/wiki/Letoon" title="Letoon">Letoon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Southeastern_Anatolia_region" title="Southeastern Anatolia region">Southeastern Anatolia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diyarbak%C4%B1r_Fortress" class="mw-redirect" title="Diyarbakır Fortress">Diyarbakır Fortress</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hevsel_Gardens" title="Hevsel Gardens">Hevsel Gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6bekli_Tepe" title="Göbekli Tepe">Göbekli Tepe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Nemrut" title="Mount Nemrut">Mount Nemrut</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Multiple regions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wooden_Hypostyle_Mosques_of_Medieval_Anatolia" title="Wooden Hypostyle Mosques of Medieval Anatolia">Wooden Hypostyle Mosques of Medieval Anatolia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/17px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/26px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/34px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Turkey" title="Portal:Turkey">Turkey portal</a></b></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/20px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" 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class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/000000010719773X">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/123562716">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1234358/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJmdyqTPqWRBWXDWh7KKh3">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4009173-9">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n85244249">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb15098127z">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb15098127z">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Bursa (Turecko)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge137889&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datos.bne.es/resource/XX5822046">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000698044&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=497/2978">Vatican</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007562473105171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/033138141">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kulturenvanteri.com/yer/?p=23318">Kulturenvanteri monument</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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