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.geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=British_School_at_Athens&params=37_58_44_N_23_44_51_E_type:edu"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">37°58′44″N</span> <span class="longitude">23°44′51″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">37.97889°N 23.74750°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">37.97889; 23.74750</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Research center in Greece</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">British School at Athens<br /><a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: <span lang="el">Βρετανική Σχολή Αθηνών</span></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Image-Bsa_athens_library.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Image-Bsa_athens_library.jpg/220px-Image-Bsa_athens_library.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Image-Bsa_athens_library.jpg/330px-Image-Bsa_athens_library.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/Image-Bsa_athens_library.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="300" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">The library of the BSA</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founder(s)</th><td class="infobox-data">The Prince of Wales, later <a href="/wiki/Edward_VII" title="Edward VII">Edward VII</a>, called the foundation meeting in 1883<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">1886, the year the completed building was opened for business, and the tenancy of the first Director began</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mission</th><td class="infobox-data">"to promote the study of Greece in all its aspects."<sup id="cite_ref-stat1_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stat1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Focus</th><td class="infobox-data">"to provide facilities for those engaged in research into anthropology, archaeology, archaeometry, architecture, art, environment, geography, history, language, literature, religion and topography pertaining to Greek lands in all periods including modern times."<sup id="cite_ref-stat1_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stat1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Chairperson" class="mw-redirect" title="Chairperson">Chair</a></th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/wiki/Roderick_Beaton" title="Roderick Beaton">Roderick Beaton</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Director</th><td class="infobox-data fn agent"><a href="/wiki/Rebecca_Sweetman" title="Rebecca Sweetman">Rebecca Sweetman</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Financial_endowment" title="Financial endowment">Endowment</a></th><td class="infobox-data">£2,242,453 in mid-2018<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Subsidiaries</th><td class="infobox-data">Fitch Research Laboratory<br />Knossos Research Center<br />Library</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Owner</th><td class="infobox-data">"The British School at Athens ... is a <a href="/wiki/Charitable_trusts_in_English_law" title="Charitable trusts in English law">registered charity</a> (no. 208673) in English law, and is governed by <a href="/wiki/Trust_law" class="mw-redirect" title="Trust law">trust deed</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Address</th><td class="infobox-data label">52 Souedias Street<br />Athens, 10676<br />+30 211 1022 801</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div style="display:inline;" class="locality">Athens</div>, <div style="display:inline;" class="country-name">Greece</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Coordinates</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=British_School_at_Athens&params=37_58_44_N_23_44_51_E_type:edu"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">37°58′44″N</span> <span class="longitude">23°44′51″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">37.97889°N 23.74750°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">37.97889; 23.74750</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bsa.ac.uk">www<wbr />.bsa<wbr />.ac<wbr />.uk</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>British School at Athens</b> (<b>BSA</b>; <a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: <span lang="el">Βρετανική Σχολή Αθηνών</span>) is an institute for advanced research, one of the eight British International Research Institutes supported by the <a href="/wiki/British_Academy" title="British Academy">British Academy</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> that promotes the study of Greece in all its aspects. Under UK law it is a registered educational charity,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which translates to a non-profit organisation in American and Greek law. It also is one of the 19 <a href="/wiki/List_of_Foreign_Archaeological_Institutes_in_Greece" title="List of Foreign Archaeological Institutes in Greece">Foreign Archaeological Institutes</a> defined by Hellenic Law No. 3028/2002, "On the Protection of Antiquities and Cultural Heritage in General," passed by the Greek Parliament in 2003. Under that law the 17 accredited foreign institutes may perform systematic excavation in Greece with the permission of the government. </p><p>The School was founded in 1886 as the fourth such institution in Greece (the earlier being the French, German, and American). For most of its existence, it focused on supporting, directing and facilitating British-based research in <a href="/wiki/Classical_Studies" class="mw-redirect" title="Classical Studies">Classical Studies</a> and <a href="/wiki/Archaeology" title="Archaeology">Archaeology</a>, but in recent years, it has broadened that focus to all areas of Greek Studies. It has made notable contributions in the fields of <a href="/wiki/Epigraphy" title="Epigraphy">epigraphy</a> and the <a href="/wiki/History_of_Modern_Greece" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Modern Greece">history of Modern Greece</a>. </p><p>It is defined by Hellenic law to be a "foreign archaeological school" with a very specific meaning. In addition to being trusted with antiquities in Greece, it serves as an agent for the Hellenic utilisation of British resources in Greece. Only the BSA can assign projects to British institutions, and it may only do so with permission of the Minister of Culture.<sup id="cite_ref-stat1_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stat1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The BSA's activities include a regular programme of lectures and seminars, a series of scholarships and bursaries, the publication of a research journal, reports, monographs and online works,<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Athens-based courses for undergraduates, postgraduates and teachers, as well as archaeological fieldwork. The Directors, who have included many distinguished figures, have tended to be in Greece for only part of the year, keeping roles in the UK or elsewhere. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Facilities">Facilities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=British_School_at_Athens&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Facilities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>BSA facilities include one of the most important Classical and archaeological libraries in Greece (over 60,000 volumes), and the Fitch laboratory, the oldest <a href="/wiki/Archaeometry" class="mw-redirect" title="Archaeometry">archaeometric</a> laboratory in Greece. The BSA also operates a branch at <a href="/wiki/Knossos" title="Knossos">Knossos</a> in <a href="/wiki/Crete" title="Crete">Crete</a>, including one of the island's main archaeological libraries. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fitch_Laboratory">Fitch Laboratory</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=British_School_at_Athens&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Fitch Laboratory"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Marc and Ismene Fitch Laboratory, Fitch Laboratory for short, is a scientific laboratory for conducting technical investigation of materials obtained from archaeology. It is located in a separate building on the grounds of the premises at 52 Souedias Street, Athens. Having begun in 1974 in a storage facility, it was expanded into a two-story building in 1988.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The laboratory is funded separately from the rest of the school. It has its own director, currently (2019) Evangelia Kiriatzi, its own research scientists, teaches its own courses, offers its own grants, and issues its own publications. It is, however, governed by the main school's Committee for Archaeology. </p><p>Fitch Laboratory was founded during a period of growing interest in establishing the provenience of pottery discovered during excavation. The method of archaeology established a sequence of layers at a site, which gave relative dates to the objects found in them; however, the method had limitations. Suppose that pottery in one region was similar to pottery at another, how was this similarity to be interpreted? Did invaders carry the pottery from one site to another? Were the similar pots trade exports? Did the pottery of one region serve as a model for the manufacture of pottery in another? </p><p>Answers to these questions were provided by the judgements of the lead excavators, but with no method of establishing provenience, these judgements were often highly controversial. For example, there are striking similarities between some Minoan and some Mycenaean pottery. <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Evans" title="Arthur Evans">Arthur Evans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Duncan_Mackenzie" title="Duncan Mackenzie">Duncan Mackenzie</a> and their supporters were proposing that <a href="/wiki/Mycenaean_pottery" title="Mycenaean pottery">Mycenaean pottery</a> was a type of <a href="/wiki/Minoan_pottery" title="Minoan pottery">Minoan pottery</a>. To the contrary, <a href="/wiki/Carl_Blegen" title="Carl Blegen">Carl Blegen</a> and his supporters were affirming a mainland Greek origin for and importation to Crete of Mycenaean pottery. Given some of this pottery at a site, which was it, Minoan or Mycenaean, and how could one establish which? </p><p>By the 1960s archaeologists were turning to the chemical and physical sciences for answers. The science of geology provided them with <a href="/wiki/Petrology" title="Petrology">petrology</a>, the study of the <a href="/wiki/Rock_(geology)" title="Rock (geology)">rock</a> composition of the <a href="/wiki/Clay" title="Clay">clay</a> from which the pots were made. Microscopic examination of a thin section of pot material reveals the <a href="/wiki/Mineral" title="Mineral">minerals</a> present in the grains of clay. The mineral composition of pots is then compared to the <a href="/wiki/List_of_rock_types" title="List of rock types">mineral composition of the rock</a> from which various known clay beds had come. If there were any mineralic distinctions between Mycenaean and Minoan pottery, petrology would discover them. </p><p>By that time also new methods of chemical analysis of inorganic material were available, which are generally classified as "activation analysis."<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The general method exploits two natural phenomena: the tendency to form stable atoms with a given energy structure (number and configuration of electrons and neutrons, etc.), and the action of an atom to <a href="/wiki/Transducer" title="Transducer">transduce</a> radiational energy falling on it. The input energy "activates" or superenergizes the atom in some way, creating an unstable configuration, which then decays, releasing the extra energy in radiation of wavelengths characteristic of the atom. A device to read the wavelengths and radiational intensities at those wavelengths then identifies the element and concentration present. </p><p>Of the three general types of activation, the <a href="/wiki/Mass_spectrometry" title="Mass spectrometry">mass spectrometer</a> bombards the sample with a stream of electrons, or electrical current, until it reaches temperatures high enough to dissociate the atoms into a <a href="/wiki/Plasma_(physics)" title="Plasma (physics)">plasma</a>, or cloud of superenergized <a href="/wiki/Ion" title="Ion">ions</a>, in which the electrons have acquired the energy to expand into unstable orbits. As the electrons fall back they lose energy as visible light. <a href="/wiki/Diffraction" title="Diffraction">Diffraction</a> of the light produces a <a href="/wiki/Spectrum" title="Spectrum">spectrum</a> that can be read electronically or captured on film. The bands of light identify the elements. Specrometers are used less frequently in archaeology as they destroy the sample; in fact, Law 3028 forbids destructive tests of artifacts. </p><p>In a second type, <a href="/wiki/Neutron_activation_analysis" title="Neutron activation analysis">Neutron activation analysis</a> (NAA), a stream of <a href="/wiki/Neutron" title="Neutron">neutrons</a> generated in a <a href="/wiki/Particle_accelerator" title="Particle accelerator">particle accelerator</a> is directed onto the sample, forcing some of its atoms to acquire additional neutrons, generating unstable <a href="/wiki/Isotope" title="Isotope">isotopes</a>, which decay immediately, releasing <a href="/wiki/Gamma_ray" title="Gamma ray">gamma radiation</a>. As in electron bombardment, the radiation emitted is of wavelengths characteristic of the element. The gamma photons are diffracted for a spectrum read-out; in addition, the <a href="/wiki/Half-life" title="Half-life">half-life</a> of the decaying isotope can be calculated, which also is characteristic and serves as an identifier. This is a popular method in ceramic elemental analysis because it is non-destructive of the sample. As it requires larger facilities, such as a particle accelerator, not present at most laboratories, the samples must be sent out. </p><p>The third method, <a href="/wiki/X-ray_fluorescence" title="X-ray fluorescence">X-ray fluorescence</a>. a type of <a href="/wiki/Fluorescence" title="Fluorescence">fluorescence</a>, analyzes the elemental composition of solids without dissociating the atoms from the solid state. It is generally employed on the solids of art and archaeology, such as ceramics, metallic objects, paintings, and so on. In this type the sample is bombarded with <a href="/wiki/X-ray" title="X-ray">x-rays</a> or <a href="/wiki/Gamma_ray" title="Gamma ray">gamma rays</a>. The electrons are energized in place without breaking up the solid matrix. Moving from the inner orbits to the outer, they fall back to the inner, giving up the induced energy as x-rays of wavelengths characteristic of the element. These are diffracted and read. </p><p>In 1960, <a href="/wiki/Sinclair_Hood" title="Sinclair Hood">Sinclair Hood</a>, director of the British School, in the process of attempting to determine whether some pottery was Minoan or Mycenaean, contacted the new laboratory for Archaeology and the History of Art at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">University of Oxford</a>, which was already using activation analysis. The director and assistant director of the laboratory considered the question so important that they flew immediately to Greece to obtain permission from the government to acquire and experiment on samples from 20 Theban pots.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The pots were analyzed, but the analysis produced no definitive answers. Oxford and the British School continued to work together analyzing pots until in the late 1960s M.J. Aitken of the Oxford laboratory proposed that the British School initiate its own laboratory. The proposal was kept secret until the British School could obtain permission from the Hellenic Ministry of Culture with the assistance of <a href="/wiki/Spyridon_Marinatos" title="Spyridon Marinatos">Spyridon Marinatos</a>, Inspector-General of the Archaeological Service. Permission obtained, the managing committee of the British School openly sought funding from <a href="/wiki/The_British_Academy" class="mw-redirect" title="The British Academy">the British Academy</a>. They agreed to underwrite expenses once it was established and equipped . The Oxford laboratory offered to provide initial equipment and training. There remained a gap in the funding required to start the laboratory. The <a href="/wiki/Marc_Fitch" title="Marc Fitch">Fitches</a>, who had helped build the stratigraphic museum at Knossos, stepped forward. The laboratory became operational in 1974. </p><p>Since 1974 the laboratory has been continually in use either for educational purposes or for conducting research. There has been no lack of funding from many private sources. The laboratory specializes in petrology and analysis of inorganic materials, especially ceramics, by x-ray fluorescence. For the petrology it has two research polarising microscopes supported by a digital photography system. The analysis is performed by a Wavelength Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (WD-XRF) unit, which diffracts the sample-emitted x-rays into a spectrum of different wavelengths. The laboratory's course on ceramic petrology is standard. All samples are archived on the second floor. The archive contains about 3000 rock samples from various geological formations covering a range of clay beds, and 10,000 archaeological samples. The laboratory also collects animal bones and seeds for reference. Recognizing that research can best be performed by a pool of facilities at different laboratories, the Fitch Laboratory is part of a formal network of laboratories.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Archaeological_fieldwork">Archaeological fieldwork</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=British_School_at_Athens&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Archaeological fieldwork"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Perchora-6.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Perchora-6.jpg/300px-Perchora-6.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Perchora-6.jpg/450px-Perchora-6.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Perchora-6.jpg/600px-Perchora-6.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="532" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Heraion_of_Perachora" title="Heraion of Perachora">Heraion of Perachora</a>, excavated by the British School at Athens during the 1930s</figcaption></figure> <p>During its long history, the BSA has been involved in a multitude of archaeological projects, including <a href="/wiki/Archaeological_field_survey" class="mw-redirect" title="Archaeological field survey">surveys</a> in <a href="/wiki/Laconia" title="Laconia">Laconia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boeotia" title="Boeotia">Boeotia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Methana" title="Methana">Methana</a> (<a href="/wiki/Argolid" class="mw-redirect" title="Argolid">Argolid</a>), and in the islands of <a href="/wiki/Ithaca_(island)" title="Ithaca (island)">Ithaca</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ionian_islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Ionian islands">Ionian islands</a>), <a href="/wiki/Kea_(island)" title="Kea (island)">Kea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Melos" class="mw-redirect" title="Melos">Melos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kythera" class="mw-redirect" title="Kythera">Kythera</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cyclades" title="Cyclades">Cyclades</a>), <a href="/wiki/Chios" title="Chios">Chios</a> (<a href="/wiki/North_Aegean" title="North Aegean">North Aegean</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Crete" title="Crete">Crete</a> (Ayiopharango Survey, <a href="/wiki/Agios_Vasileios,_Laconia" title="Agios Vasileios, Laconia">Ayios Vasilios</a> Survey, <a href="/wiki/Knossos" title="Knossos">Knossos</a> Survey, Praisos Survey) and <a href="/wiki/Excavations" class="mw-redirect" title="Excavations">excavations</a> at <a href="/wiki/Nea_Nikomedeia" class="mw-redirect" title="Nea Nikomedeia">Nea Nikomedeia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sitagroi" title="Sitagroi">Sitagroi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Servia,_Greece" title="Servia, Greece">Servia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Assiros" title="Assiros">Assiros</a> (<a href="/wiki/Greek_Macedonia" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek Macedonia">Greek Macedonia</a>), <a href="/wiki/Lefkandi" title="Lefkandi">Lefkandi</a> (<a href="/wiki/Euboia" class="mw-redirect" title="Euboia">Euboia</a>), Emborio and Kato Phana (<a href="/wiki/Chios" title="Chios">Chios</a>), <a href="/wiki/Heraion_of_Perachora" title="Heraion of Perachora">Perachora</a> (<a href="/wiki/Corinthia" title="Corinthia">Corinthia</a>), <a href="/wiki/Mycenae" title="Mycenae">Mycenae</a> (<a href="/wiki/Argolid" class="mw-redirect" title="Argolid">Argolid</a>), <a href="/wiki/Sparta" title="Sparta">Sparta</a> (<a href="/wiki/Laconia" title="Laconia">Laconia</a>), Phylakopi (<a href="/wiki/Melos" class="mw-redirect" title="Melos">Melos</a>), <a href="/wiki/Keros" title="Keros">Keros</a> (<a href="/wiki/Cyclades" title="Cyclades">Cyclades</a>), as well as in <a href="/wiki/Crete" title="Crete">Crete</a> at <a href="/wiki/Knossos" title="Knossos">Knossos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karphi" class="mw-redirect" title="Karphi">Karphi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Praisos" class="mw-redirect" title="Praisos">Praisos</a>, Debla, <a href="/wiki/Trapeza_Cave" class="mw-redirect" title="Trapeza Cave">Trapeza Cave</a>, <a href="/wiki/Atsipades" title="Atsipades">Atsipades Korakias</a>, <a href="/wiki/Psychro" class="mw-redirect" title="Psychro">Psychro</a>, <a href="/wiki/Myrtos" title="Myrtos">Myrtos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Petsofas" title="Petsofas">Petsofas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Palaikastro" title="Palaikastro">Palaikastro</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Women_in_the_BSA">Women in the BSA</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=British_School_at_Athens&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Women in the BSA"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A9nie_Sellers_Strong" title="Eugénie Sellers Strong">Eugénie Sellers Strong</a> was the first woman student to be admitted to the BSA in 1890, four years after its foundation. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Agnes_Conway" title="Agnes Conway">Agnes Conway</a> was admitted to the British School at Athens under Director <a href="/wiki/Alan_Wace" title="Alan Wace">Alan Wace</a> for the 1913-1914 session, along with her friend Evelyn Radford with whom she had attended <a href="/wiki/Newnham_College,_Cambridge" title="Newnham College, Cambridge">Newnham College, Cambridge</a>. The trip they took to the Balkans during the session was published in 1917 as <i>A Ride Through the Balkans: On Classic Ground with a Camera</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Agnes Conway married architect-archaeologist <a href="/wiki/George_Horsfield" title="George Horsfield">George Horsfield</a> in 1932. </p><p>There have been three female Directors of the BSA out of 24 in total. Rebecca Sweetman assumed the position in September 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Directors_of_the_BSA">Directors of the BSA</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=British_School_at_Athens&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Directors of the BSA"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bosanquet_Dawkins_Currelly_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Bosanquet_Dawkins_Currelly_01.jpg/220px-Bosanquet_Dawkins_Currelly_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="242" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Bosanquet_Dawkins_Currelly_01.jpg/330px-Bosanquet_Dawkins_Currelly_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2f/Bosanquet_Dawkins_Currelly_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="362" data-file-height="399" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Robert_Carr_Bosanquet" title="Robert Carr Bosanquet">Robert Carr Bosanquet</a> (centre), <a href="/wiki/Richard_MacGillivray_Dawkins" title="Richard MacGillivray Dawkins">Richard MacGillivray Dawkins</a> (left) and <a href="/wiki/Charles_Trick_Currelly" title="Charles Trick Currelly">Charles Trick Currelly</a> (right) at <a href="/wiki/Roussolakkos" title="Roussolakkos">Roussolakkos</a>, 1903-1905</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 25em;"> <ul><li>1886 <a href="/wiki/Francis_Penrose" title="Francis Penrose">F. C. Penrose</a></li> <li>1887 <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Arthur_Gardner" title="Ernest Arthur Gardner">E. A. Gardner</a></li> <li>1895 <a href="/wiki/Cecil_Harcourt_Smith" class="mw-redirect" title="Cecil Harcourt Smith">Cecil Harcourt Smith</a></li> <li>1897 <a href="/wiki/David_George_Hogarth" title="David George Hogarth">D. G. Hogarth</a></li> <li>1900 <a href="/wiki/Robert_Carr_Bosanquet" title="Robert Carr Bosanquet">R. C. Bosanquet</a></li> <li>1906 <a href="/wiki/Richard_MacGillivray_Dawkins" title="Richard MacGillivray Dawkins">R. M. Dawkins</a></li> <li>1913 <a href="/wiki/Alan_Wace" title="Alan Wace">A. J. B. Wace</a></li> <li>1923 <a href="/wiki/A._M._Woodward" title="A. M. Woodward">A. M. Woodward</a></li> <li>1929 <a href="/wiki/Humfry_Payne" title="Humfry Payne">H. G. G. Payne</a>†</li> <li>1936 <a href="/wiki/Alan_Blakeway" title="Alan Blakeway">Alan Blakeway</a>†</li> <li>1936 <a href="/wiki/Gerard_Mackworth_Young" title="Gerard Mackworth Young">Gerard Mackworth Young</a></li> <li>1946 <a href="/wiki/John_Manuel_Cook" title="John Manuel Cook">John Manuel Cook</a></li> <li>1954 <a href="/wiki/Sinclair_Hood" title="Sinclair Hood">Martin Sinclair F. Hood</a></li> <li>1962 <a href="/wiki/Peter_Megaw" title="Peter Megaw">A. H. S. Megaw</a></li> <li>1967 <a href="/wiki/Peter_Fraser_(academic)" class="mw-redirect" title="Peter Fraser (academic)">P. M. Fraser</a></li> <li>1971 <a href="/wiki/Hector_Catling" title="Hector Catling">H. W. Catling</a></li> <li>1989 <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_French" title="Elizabeth French">E. B. French</a></li> <li>1994 <a href="/wiki/Martin_Price_(numismatist)" title="Martin Price (numismatist)">Martin Price</a>†</li> <li>1995 <a href="/wiki/Richard_Tomlinson_(academic)" title="Richard Tomlinson (academic)">R. A. Tomlinson</a></li> <li>1996 <a href="/wiki/David_Blackman" title="David Blackman">D. J. Blackman</a></li> <li>2002 <a href="/wiki/James_Whitley_(archaeologist)" title="James Whitley (archaeologist)">A. J. M. Whitley</a></li> <li>2007 <a href="/wiki/Catherine_Morgan" title="Catherine Morgan">C. A. Morgan</a></li> <li>2015 <a href="/wiki/John_Bennet_(archaeologist)" title="John Bennet (archaeologist)">John Bennet</a></li> <li>2022 <a href="/wiki/Rebecca_Sweetman" title="Rebecca Sweetman">Rebecca Sweetman</a></li></ul></div> <p>† Died in office </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=British_School_at_Athens&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_School_at_Rome" title="British School at Rome">British School at Rome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Institute_for_Libyan_and_Northern_African_Studies" title="British Institute for Libyan and Northern African Studies">British Institute for Libyan and Northern African Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_for_British_Research_in_the_Levant" title="Council for British Research in the Levant">Council for British Research in the Levant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Institute_at_Ankara" title="British Institute at Ankara">British Institute at Ankara</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=British_Institute_of_Persian_Studies&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="British Institute of Persian Studies (page does not exist)">British Institute of Persian Studies</a></li> <li>British institute of East Africa</li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Institute_for_the_Study_of_Iraq" title="British Institute for the Study of Iraq">British Institute for the Study of Iraq</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=British_School_at_Athens&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMacmillan1910–1911" class="citation journal cs1">Macmillan, George A. (1910–1911). "A Short History of the British School at Athens, 1886-1911". <i>The Annual of the British School at Athens</i>. <b>17</b>: ix.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Annual+of+the+British+School+at+Athens&rft.atitle=A+Short+History+of+the+British+School+at+Athens%2C+1886-1911&rft.volume=17&rft.pages=ix&rft.date=1910%2F1911&rft.aulast=Macmillan&rft.aufirst=George+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABritish+School+at+Athens" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-stat1-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-stat1_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-stat1_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-stat1_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFThe_British_School_at_Athens2016">The British School at Athens 2016</a>, p. 1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bsa.ac.uk/2021/06/30/new-chairman-of-council/">"British School at Athens : New Chairman of Council"</a>. <i>British School at Athens</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220223082532/https://www.bsa.ac.uk/2021/06/30/new-chairman-of-council/">Archived</a> from the original on 23 February 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 February</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=British+School+at+Athens&rft.atitle=British+School+at+Athens+%3A+New+Chairman+of+Council&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bsa.ac.uk%2F2021%2F06%2F30%2Fnew-chairman-of-council%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABritish+School+at+Athens" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190802021920/https://www.bsa.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Financial-Statements_5-April-2018.pdf">"Financial Statements for the Year Ended 5 April 2018"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. British School at Athens. p. 18. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bsa.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Financial-Statements_5-April-2018.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2 August 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Financial+Statements+for+the+Year+Ended+5+April+2018&rft.pages=18&rft.pub=British+School+at+Athens&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bsa.ac.uk%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2018%2F11%2FFinancial-Statements_5-April-2018.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABritish+School+at+Athens" class="Z3988"></span>. At the exchange rate of 1.4247 on 9 April 2018, the amount would have been $3,194,823. The endowments are only a part of the total assets. On that same date the net assets were £5,128,326 or $7,306,326. The institute had taken a small loss for that year.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBritish_School_at_Athens" class="citation web cs1">British School at Athens. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bsa.ac.uk/about-us/governance/">"Governance"</a>. British School at Athens. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190212153922/https://www.bsa.ac.uk/about-us/governance/">Archived</a> from the original on 12 February 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 February</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Governance&rft.pub=British+School+at+Athens&rft.au=British+School+at+Athens&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bsa.ac.uk%2Fabout-us%2Fgovernance%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABritish+School+at+Athens" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thebritishacademy.ac.uk/international/research-institutes">"British International Research Institutes"</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_British_Academy" class="mw-redirect" title="The British Academy">The British Academy</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190116050033/https://www.thebritishacademy.ac.uk/international/research-institutes">Archived</a> from the original on 16 January 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 February</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=British+International+Research+Institutes&rft.pub=The+British+Academy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thebritishacademy.ac.uk%2Finternational%2Fresearch-institutes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABritish+School+at+Athens" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCharity_Commission208673" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://register-of-charities.charitycommission.gov.uk/charity-details/?regId=208673&subId=0">"<i>British School at Athens, registered charity no. 208673</i>"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Charity_Commission_for_England_and_Wales" title="Charity Commission for England and Wales">Charity Commission for England and Wales</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=British+School+at+Athens%2C+registered+charity+no.+208673&rft.pub=Charity+Commission+for+England+and+Wales&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fregister-of-charities.charitycommission.gov.uk%2Fcharity-details%2F%3FregId%3D208673%26subId%3D0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABritish+School+at+Athens" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bsa.ac.uk/publications/">Publications - British School at Athens</a>, bsa.ac.uk. Retrieved 14 July 2024.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bsa.ac.uk/about-us/history/">"History"</a>. <i>British School at Athens, an Institute for Advanced Research</i>. British School at Athens. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181116173239/https://www.bsa.ac.uk/about-us/history/">Archived</a> from the original on 16 November 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=British+School+at+Athens%2C+an+Institute+for+Advanced+Research&rft.atitle=History&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bsa.ac.uk%2Fabout-us%2Fhistory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABritish+School+at+Athens" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGlascock1998" class="citation book cs1">Glascock, Michael D. (1998). "Chapter 4: Activation Analysis". In Alfassi, Zeev B. (ed.). <i>Instrumental Multi-element Chemical Analysis</i>. Dordrecht: Kluwer. p. 93. <q>Activation analysis is one of the most sensitive and versatile techniques possible for elemental analysis. The technique involves irradiation of a sample with neutrons, charged particles or photons to induce instability in some of the sample atoms. Measurement of the characteristic radiation emitted from the unstable atoms enables the analyst to establish an elemental fingerprint for the sample ....</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+4%3A+Activation+Analysis&rft.btitle=Instrumental+Multi-element+Chemical+Analysis&rft.place=Dordrecht&rft.pages=93&rft.pub=Kluwer&rft.date=1998&rft.aulast=Glascock&rft.aufirst=Michael+D.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABritish+School+at+Athens" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCatling2005" class="citation journal cs1">Catling, H.W. (2005). "The Birth of the Fitch Laboratory". <i>The Annual of the British School at Athens</i>. <b>100</b>: 407–409. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0068245400021237">10.1017/S0068245400021237</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Annual+of+the+British+School+at+Athens&rft.atitle=The+Birth+of+the+Fitch+Laboratory&rft.volume=100&rft.pages=407-409&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0068245400021237&rft.aulast=Catling&rft.aufirst=H.W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABritish+School+at+Athens" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://oxfordbyzantinesociety.files.wordpress.com/2014/06/bsa-director-further-particulars.pdf">"Director of the British School at Athens – Further Particulars"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Oxford University. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221019063919/https://oxfordbyzantinesociety.files.wordpress.com/2014/06/bsa-director-further-particulars.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 19 October 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Director+of+the+British+School+at+Athens+%E2%80%93+Further+Particulars&rft.pub=Oxford+University&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Foxfordbyzantinesociety.files.wordpress.com%2F2014%2F06%2Fbsa-director-further-particulars.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABritish+School+at+Athens" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Conway, A. 1917. <i>A Ride Through the Balkans: On Classic Ground with a Camera</i>. London: R. Scott</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bsa.ac.uk/2021/12/21/back-to-the-bsa/">"British School at Athens : Back to the BSA"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211221080258/https://www.bsa.ac.uk/2021/12/21/back-to-the-bsa/">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-12-21<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-12-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=British+School+at+Athens+%3A+Back+to+the+BSA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bsa.ac.uk%2F2021%2F12%2F21%2Fback-to-the-bsa%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABritish+School+at+Athens" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=British_School_at_Athens&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThe_British_School_at_Athens2016" class="citation web cs1">The British School at Athens (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bsa.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/Statutes-23.2.2016.pdf">"Statutes"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. The British School at Athens.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Statutes&rft.pub=The+British+School+at+Athens&rft.date=2016&rft.au=The+British+School+at+Athens&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bsa.ac.uk%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2018%2F07%2FStatutes-23.2.2016.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABritish+School+at+Athens" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFThe_President_of_the_Hellenic_Republic2002" class="citation web cs1">The President of the Hellenic Republic (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.law-archaeology.gr/images/arxeia/3028.eng.pdf">"Law No. 3028"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Hellenic Society for Law and Archaeology.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Law+No.+3028&rft.pub=Hellenic+Society+for+Law+and+Archaeology&rft.date=2002&rft.au=The+President+of+the+Hellenic+Republic&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.law-archaeology.gr%2Fimages%2Farxeia%2F3028.eng.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABritish+School+at+Athens" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=British_School_at_Athens&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Helen Waterhouse, <i>The British School at Athens: the First Hundred Years</i>. London: British School at Athens, 1986.</li> <li>Helen Waterhouse and others, <i>Ανασκαφές: A Celebration of the British School at Athens 1886–1986</i>. London: Camberwell Press, n.d. (c.1988).</li> <li>Eleni Calligas and James Whitley, <i>On Site: British Archaeologists in Greece</i>. Athens: Motibo, 2005.</li> <li>Elena Korka (ed.), <i>Foreign Archaeological Schools in Greece: 160 Years</i>. Athens, Hellenic Ministry of Culture, 2005 (in Greek and English). pp. 52–63.</li> <li>Gill, D. W. J. 2011. <i>Sifting the Soil of Greece: The Early Years of the British School at Athens (1886–1919)</i>. London: Institute of Classical Studies, University of London.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=British_School_at_Athens&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output 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