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href="#Gran_Canaria"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Gran Canaria</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gran_Canaria-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-La_Gomera" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_Gomera"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>La Gomera</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_Gomera-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lanzarote" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lanzarote"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Lanzarote</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lanzarote-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Chinijo_Archipelago" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chinijo_Archipelago"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5.1</span> <span>Chinijo Archipelago</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chinijo_Archipelago-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-La_Palma" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_Palma"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>La Palma</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_Palma-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tenerife" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tenerife"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span>Tenerife</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tenerife-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-La_Graciosa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_Graciosa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.8</span> <span>La Graciosa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_Graciosa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Data" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Data"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Data</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Data-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Physical_geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Physical_geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Physical geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Physical_geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Physical geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Physical_geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Geology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Natural_symbols" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Natural_symbols"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Natural symbols</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Natural_symbols-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-National_parks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#National_parks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>National parks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-National_parks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Politics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Politics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Politics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Governance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Governance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Governance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Governance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Political_geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Political_geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Political geography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Political_geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Canarian_nationalism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Canarian_nationalism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Canarian nationalism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Canarian_nationalism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Defense" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Defense"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Defense</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Defense-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ancient_and_pre-Hispanic_times" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ancient_and_pre-Hispanic_times"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Ancient and pre-Hispanic times</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ancient_and_pre-Hispanic_times-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Exploration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Exploration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Exploration</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Exploration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Castilian_conquest" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Castilian_conquest"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Castilian conquest</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Castilian_conquest-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-After_the_conquest_and_the_introduction_of_slavery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#After_the_conquest_and_the_introduction_of_slavery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span>After the conquest and the introduction of slavery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-After_the_conquest_and_the_introduction_of_slavery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-18th_to_19th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#18th_to_19th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.5</span> <span>18th to 19th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-18th_to_19th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Romantic_period_and_scientific_expeditions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Romantic_period_and_scientific_expeditions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.6</span> <span>Romantic period and scientific expeditions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Romantic_period_and_scientific_expeditions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Early_20th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_20th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.7</span> <span>Early 20th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_20th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Franco_regime" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Franco_regime"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.8</span> <span>Franco regime</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Franco_regime-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Self-governance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Self-governance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.9</span> <span>Self-governance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Self-governance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Capitals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Capitals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.10</span> <span>Capitals</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Capitals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Demographics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Religion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Roman_Catholic_Church" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Roman_Catholic_Church"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1.1</span> <span>Roman Catholic Church</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Roman_Catholic_Church-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_religions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_religions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1.2</span> <span>Other religions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_religions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Statistics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Statistics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1.3</span> <span>Statistics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Statistics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Population_genetics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Population_genetics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Population genetics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Population_genetics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy_and_environment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy_and_environment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Economy and environment</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Economy_and_environment-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Economy and environment subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Economy_and_environment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Tourism_statistics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tourism_statistics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Tourism statistics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tourism_statistics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-GDP_statistics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#GDP_statistics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>GDP statistics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-GDP_statistics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Transport</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Transport-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Transport subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Rail_transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rail_transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Rail transport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rail_transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Airports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Airports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Airports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Airports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.3</span> <span>Ports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Health" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Health"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Health</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Health-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Wildlife" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wildlife"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Wildlife</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Wildlife-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Wildlife subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Wildlife-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Fauna" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fauna"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.1</span> <span>Fauna</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fauna-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Extinct_fauna" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Extinct_fauna"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.1.1</span> <span>Extinct fauna</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Extinct_fauna-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Marine_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Marine_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.2</span> <span>Marine life</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Marine_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Native_flora_gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Native_flora_gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.3</span> <span>Native flora gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Native_flora_gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Holidays" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Holidays"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Holidays</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Holidays-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Science_and_technology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Science_and_technology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Science and technology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Science_and_technology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>Sports</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Sports-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Sports subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Notable_athletes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_athletes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14.1</span> <span>Notable athletes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_athletes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-See_also-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle See also subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-History_2" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History_2"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15.1</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History_2-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15.2</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15.3</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16.1</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16.2</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">17</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">18</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">19</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Canary Islands</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 163 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-163" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">163 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80_%D1%82%D3%80%D1%8B%D0%B3%D1%83%D1%85%D1%8D%D1%80" title="Канар тӀыгухэр – Kabardian" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Канар тӀыгухэр" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="Kabardian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanariese_Eilande" title="Kanariese Eilande – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Kanariese Eilande" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanarische_Inseln" title="Kanarische Inseln – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Kanarische Inseln" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%AB%E1%8A%93%E1%88%AA%E1%8B%AB%E1%88%B5_%E1%8B%B0%E1%88%B4%E1%89%B6%E1%89%BD" title="ካናሪያስ ደሴቶች – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ካናሪያስ ደሴቶች" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanariasuolluuh" title="Kanariasuolluuh – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Kanariasuolluuh" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fortunatus_iegland" title="Fortunatus iegland – Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Fortunatus iegland" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A" title="جزر الكناري – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جزر الكناري" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canarias" title="Canarias – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Canarias" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iles_Canaries" title="Iles Canaries – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Iles Canaries" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%87%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%80_%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%9E%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9C" title="কেনেৰী দ্বীপপুঞ্জ – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="কেনেৰী দ্বীপপুঞ্জ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canaries" title="Canaries – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Canaries" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanar_adalar%C4%B1" title="Kanar adaları – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kanar adaları" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%A2%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="قناری آدالاری – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="قناری آدالاری" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%9E%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9C" title="কানারি দ্বীপপুঞ্জ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কানারি দ্বীপপুঞ্জ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canaria_K%C3%BBn-t%C3%B3" title="Canaria Kûn-tó – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Canaria Kûn-tó" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Канар – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Канар" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8B" title="Канарскія астравы – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Канарскія астравы" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85%D1%96%D0%BF%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8F%D0%B3" title="Канарскі архіпэляг – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Канарскі архіпэляг" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8" title="Канарски острови – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Канарски острови" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanarische_Insln" title="Kanarische Insln – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Kanarische Insln" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanarska_ostrva" title="Kanarska ostrva – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Kanarska ostrva" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanariez" title="Kanariez – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Kanariez" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4" title="Канарай аралнууд – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Канарай аралнууд" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illes_Can%C3%A0ries" title="Illes Canàries – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Illes Canàries" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canary_Islands_(rehiyon)" title="Canary Islands (rehiyon) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Canary Islands (rehiyon)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kan%C3%A1rsk%C3%A9_ostrovy" title="Kanárské ostrovy – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kanárské ostrovy" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yr_Ynysoedd_Dedwydd" title="Yr Ynysoedd Dedwydd – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Yr Ynysoedd Dedwydd" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_Kanariske_%C3%98er" title="De Kanariske Øer – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="De Kanariske Øer" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kan%C3%A1riasullot" title="Kanáriasullot – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Kanáriasullot" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanarische_Inseln" title="Kanarische Inseln – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kanarische Inseln" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanariske_kupy" title="Kanariske kupy – Lower Sorbian" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Kanariske kupy" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Lower Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanaari_saared" title="Kanaari saared – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Kanaari saared" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B5%CF%82_%CE%9D%CE%AE%CF%83%CE%BF%CE%B9" title="Κανάριες Νήσοι – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κανάριες Νήσοι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canarias" title="Canarias – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Canarias" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanarioj" title="Kanarioj – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kanarioj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canarias" title="Canarias – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Canarias" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanariak" title="Kanariak – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kanariak" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1_%D9%82%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="جزایر قناری – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جزایر قناری" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canary_Islands" title="Canary Islands – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Canary Islands" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanarisku_oyggjarnar" title="Kanarisku oyggjarnar – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Kanarisku oyggjarnar" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Eles_Canaries" title="Îles Canaries – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Îles Canaries" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanaryske_Eilannen" title="Kanaryske Eilannen – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Kanaryske Eilannen" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Na_hOile%C3%A1in_Chan%C3%A1racha" title="Na hOileáin Chanáracha – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Na hOileáin Chanáracha" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ny_h-Ellanyn_Canaaragh" title="Ny h-Ellanyn Canaaragh – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Ny h-Ellanyn Canaaragh" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanariya_adalar%C4%B1" title="Kanariya adaları – Gagauz" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Kanariya adaları" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="Gagauz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Na_h-Eileanan_Can%C3%A0rach" title="Na h-Eileanan Canàrach – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Na h-Eileanan Canàrach" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illas_Canarias" title="Illas Canarias – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Illas Canarias" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%95%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%A8%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%B0%E0%AB%80_%E0%AA%9F%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%AA%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%93" title="કેનેરી ટાપુઓ – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="કેનેરી ટાપુઓ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canaria_Khi%C3%B9n-t%C3%B3" title="Canaria Khiùn-tó – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Canaria Khiùn-tó" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B9%B4%EB%82%98%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%84_%EC%A0%9C%EB%8F%84" title="카나리아 제도 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="카나리아 제도" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsibirin_Kanariyas" title="Tsibirin Kanariyas – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Tsibirin Kanariyas" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C4%81_Moku_Manu_Mele" title="Nā Moku Manu Mele – Hawaiian" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Nā Moku Manu Mele" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Hawaiian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%AF%D5%B2%D5%A6%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Կանարյան կղզիներ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կանարյան կղզիներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B9" title="कैनरी द्वीपसमूह – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="कैनरी द्वीपसमूह" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanariske_kupy" title="Kanariske kupy – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Kanariske kupy" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanari" title="Kanari – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kanari" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanarii" title="Kanarii – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Kanarii" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kepulauan_Kanaria" title="Kepulauan Kanaria – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kepulauan Kanaria" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulas_Canari" title="Insulas Canari – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Insulas Canari" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insules_Canarias" title="Insules Canarias – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Insules Canarias" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%B0%D0%B4%C3%A6%D1%85%D1%82%C3%A6" title="Канары сакъадæхтæ – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Канары сакъадæхтæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iziqithi_zeCanary" title="Iziqithi zeCanary – Xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Iziqithi zeCanary" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="Xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iziqhingi_iKhaneli" title="Iziqhingi iKhaneli – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Iziqhingi iKhaneli" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanar%C3%ADeyjar" title="Kanaríeyjar – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Kanaríeyjar" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isole_Canarie" title="Isole Canarie – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Isole Canarie" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%90%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%94%D7%A7%D7%A0%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9D" title="האיים הקנריים – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="האיים הקנריים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapuloan_Canaria" title="Kapuloan Canaria – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Kapuloan Canaria" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%99%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%AB%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="კანარის კუნძულები – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="კანარის კუნძულები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Канар аралдары – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Канар аралдары" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canarias" title="Canarias – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Canarias" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visiwa_vya_Kanari" title="Visiwa vya Kanari – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Visiwa vya Kanari" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zile_Kanari" title="Zile Kanari – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Zile Kanari" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zil_Kanari" title="Zil Kanari – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Zil Kanari" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Girav%C3%AAn_Kenariy%C3%AA" title="Giravên Kenariyê – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Giravên Kenariyê" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Канар аралдары – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Канар аралдары" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%B2%D0%BB%D3%93" title="Канар ошмаотывлӓ – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Канар ошмаотывлӓ" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ijules_Canaries" title="Ijules Canaries – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Ijules Canaries" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Izlas_Kanarias" title="Izlas Kanarias – Ladino" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Izlas Kanarias" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="Ladino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canariae_Insulae" title="Canariae Insulae – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Canariae Insulae" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kan%C4%81riju_Salas" title="Kanāriju Salas – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Kanāriju Salas" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanaresch_Inselen" title="Kanaresch Inselen – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Kanaresch Inselen" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanar%C5%B3_salos" title="Kanarų salos – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kanarų salos" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Ezoe_Can%C3%A2ie" title="Îzoe Canâie – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Îzoe Canâie" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canarische_eilenj" title="Canarische eilenj – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Canarische eilenj" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isolas_Canario" title="Isolas Canario – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Isolas Canario" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kan%C3%A1ri-szigetek" title="Kanári-szigetek – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Kanári-szigetek" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%9E%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8" title="Канарски Острови – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Канарски Острови" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nosy_Kanaria" title="Nosy Kanaria – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Nosy Kanaria" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BE" title="കനേറി ദ്വീപുകൾ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="കനേറി ദ്വീപുകൾ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islas_Canarias" title="Islas Canarias – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Islas Canarias" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%85%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B9" title="कॅनरी द्वीपसमूह – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="कॅनरी द्वीपसमूह" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%99%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="კანარიშ კოკეფი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="კანარიშ კოკეფი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%89" title="جزر الكنارى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جزر الكنارى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%AC%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%A6%D9%88%D9%86" title="قناری جزیره‌ئون – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="قناری جزیره‌ئون" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kepulauan_Canaria" title="Kepulauan Canaria – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kepulauan Canaria" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%83%D0%B4" title="Канарын арлууд – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Канарын арлууд" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%94%E1%80%B1%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AE%E1%80%80%E1%80%BB%E1%80%BD%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%85%E1%80%AF" title="ကနေရီကျွန်းစု – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ကနေရီကျွန်းစု" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canarische_Eilanden" title="Canarische Eilanden – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Canarische Eilanden" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanariese_Eiloanden" title="Kanariese Eiloanden – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Kanariese Eiloanden" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AB%E3%83%8A%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2%E8%AB%B8%E5%B3%B6" title="カナリア諸島 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="カナリア諸島" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isule_Canarie" title="Isule Canarie – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Isule Canarie" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%B3%D3%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%88" title="Канаран гӀайренаш – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Канаран гӀайренаш" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanaarisk_Eilunen" title="Kanaarisk Eilunen – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Kanaarisk Eilunen" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanari%C3%B8yene" title="Kanariøyene – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kanariøyene" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanari%C3%B8yane" title="Kanariøyane – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kanariøyane" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illas_Can%C3%A0rias" title="Illas Canàrias – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Illas Canàrias" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanar_orollari" title="Kanar orollari – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Kanar orollari" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%AC%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%92" title="کناری جزیرے – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="کناری جزیرے" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islanan_Kanaria" title="Islanan Kanaria – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Islanan Kanaria" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kianieri_Ailanz" title="Kianieri Ailanz – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Kianieri Ailanz" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Csole_Canarie" title="Ìsole Canarie – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Ìsole Canarie" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wyspy_Kanaryjskie" title="Wyspy Kanaryjskie – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wyspy Kanaryjskie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Can%C3%A1rias" title="Canárias – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Canárias" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanar%C4%B1_adalar" title="Kanarı adalar – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Kanarı adalar" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulele_Canare" title="Insulele Canare – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Insulele Canare" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanarya_wat%27akuna" title="Kanarya wat'akuna – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Kanarya wat'akuna" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Канарские острова – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Канарские острова" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Канаар арыылара – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Канаар арыылара" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Csulas_Can%C3%A0rias" title="Ìsulas Canàrias – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Ìsulas Canàrias" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canary_Islands" title="Canary Islands – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Canary Islands" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanariske_Ailounde" title="Kanariske Ailounde – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Kanariske Ailounde" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canary_Islands" title="Canary Islands – Southern Sotho" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Canary Islands" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="Southern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canary_Islands" title="Canary Islands – Northern Sotho" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Canary Islands" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="Northern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ishujt_Kanare" title="Ishujt Kanare – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Ishujt Kanare" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Csuli_Canarii" title="Ìsuli Canarii – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Ìsuli Canarii" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%B1%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%92_%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%96%E0%B6%B4%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8A" title="කැනරි දූපත් – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="කැනරි දූපත්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canary_Islands" title="Canary Islands – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Canary Islands" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kan%C3%A1rske_ostrovy" title="Kanárske ostrovy – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Kanárske ostrovy" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanarski_otoki" title="Kanarski otoki – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Kanarski otoki" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%AF%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%DA%A9%DB%95%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="دوورگەکانی کەناری – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="دوورگەکانی کەناری" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%9E%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Канарска Острва – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Канарска Острва" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanarski_otoci" title="Kanarski otoci – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Kanarski otoci" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kapuloan_Kanaria" title="Kapuloan Kanaria – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Kapuloan Kanaria" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanariansaaret" title="Kanariansaaret – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kanariansaaret" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanarie%C3%B6arna" title="Kanarieöarna – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kanarieöarna" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canarias" title="Canarias – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Canarias" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="கேனரி தீவுகள் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="கேனரி தீவுகள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tigzirin_tiknariyin" title="Tigzirin tiknariyin – Tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Tigzirin tiknariyin" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="Tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tigzirin_Tiknariyin" title="Tigzirin Tiknariyin – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tigzirin Tiknariyin" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-tara mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-tara.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isole_Canarie" title="Isole Canarie – Tarantino" lang="nap-x-tara" hreflang="nap-x-tara" data-title="Isole Canarie" data-language-autonym="Tarandíne" data-language-local-name="Tarantino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tarandíne</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80_%D1%83%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Канар утраулары – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Канар утраулары" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%B0%E1%82%87%E1%81%B5%E1%80%AF%E1%81%BC%E1%80%BA_%E1%81%B6%E1%82%85%E1%81%BC%E1%80%BA%E1%82%87%E1%81%BC%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AE%E1%82%87" title="မူႇၵုၼ် ၶႅၼ်ႇၼရီႇ – Shan" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="မူႇၵုၼ် ၶႅၼ်ႇၼရီႇ" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="Shan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%80_%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%81" title="కానరీ దీవులు – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="కానరీ దీవులు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%AA" title="แคว้นกานาเรียส – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แคว้นกานาเรียส" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanarya_Adalar%C4%B1" title="Kanarya Adaları – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kanarya Adaları" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80_%D1%88%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%83%D3%B5%D1%8A%D1%91%D1%81" title="Канар шормуӵъёс – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Канар шормуӵъёс" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D1%96_%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8" title="Канарські острови – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Канарські острови" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1_%DA%A9%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="جزائر کناری – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="جزائر کناری" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Czo%C5%82e_Can%C3%A0rie" title="Ìzołe Canàrie – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Ìzołe Canàrie" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qu%E1%BA%A7n_%C4%91%E1%BA%A3o_Canaria" title="Quần đảo Canaria – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Quần đảo Canaria" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanariyu%C3%A4ns" title="Kanariyuäns – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Kanariyuäns" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iyes_Canareyes" title="Iyes Canareyes – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Iyes Canareyes" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islas_Canarias" title="Islas Canarias – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Islas Canarias" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duni_Kanaari" title="Duni Kanaari – Wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Duni Kanaari" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="Wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E9%82%A3%E5%88%A9%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="加那利群岛 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="加那利群岛" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A2_%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%96%D7%9C%D7%A2%D7%9F" title="קאנארישע אינזלען – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="קאנארישע אינזלען" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80w%E1%BB%8Dn_Er%C3%A9k%C3%B9%E1%B9%A3%C3%B9_K%C3%A1n%C3%A1r%C3%AC" title="Àwọn Erékùṣù Kánárì – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Àwọn Erékùṣù Kánárì" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E9%82%A3%E5%88%A9%E7%BE%A4%E5%B3%B6" title="加那利群島 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="加那利群島" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adey_Kanarya" title="Adey Kanarya – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Adey Kanarya" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanaru_salas" title="Kanaru salas – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Kanaru salas" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E9%82%A3%E5%88%A9%E7%BE%A4%E5%B2%9B" title="加那利群岛 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="加那利群岛" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulo_Kenari" title="Pulo Kenari – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Pulo Kenari" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%9C%E2%B5%89%E2%B4%B3%E2%B5%A3%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%94%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%8F_%E2%B5%9C%E2%B5%89%E2%B4%BD%E2%B5%8F%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%94%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%A2%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%8F" title="ⵜⵉⴳⵣⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⵏⴰⵔⵉⵢⵉⵏ – Standard Moroccan Tamazight" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵜⵉⴳⵣⵉⵔⵉⵏ ⵜⵉⴽⵏⴰⵔⵉⵢⵉⵏ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="Standard Moroccan Tamazight" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q5813#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit 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class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Canary_Islands&params=28_0_N_15_45_W_region:ES-CN_type:isle"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">28°0′N</span> <span class="longitude">15°45′W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">28.000°N 15.750°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">28.000; -15.750</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Spanish archipelago and region in the Atlantic Ocean</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Canary Island" redirects here. For the locality in Australia, see <a href="/wiki/Canary_Island,_Victoria" title="Canary Island, Victoria">Canary Island, Victoria</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Autonomous community of Spain and outermost region of the European Union</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192207">.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div{border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em;width:23em}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div td,.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div .mergedbottomrow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div .infobox-above{font-size:1.25em;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.25em}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div-official-below{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div-other{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div-caption{padding-top:0.4em}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div-nick,.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div-motto{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div-largest,.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div-lang{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div-ethnic,.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div-religion,.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div-elevation{display:inline;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-pol-div-fake-li{text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal}</style><table class="infobox ib-pol-div vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Canary Islands</div><div class="ib-pol-div-native nickname"><span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">Canarias</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_communities_of_Spain" title="Autonomous communities of Spain">Autonomous community</a> of <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a> and <a href="/wiki/Special_territories_of_members_of_the_European_Economic_Area#Outermost_Regions" title="Special territories of members of the European Economic Area">outermost region</a> of the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Canary_Islands.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Canary Islands"><img alt="Flag of the Canary Islands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Flag_of_the_Canary_Islands.svg/125px-Flag_of_the_Canary_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="83" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Flag_of_the_Canary_Islands.svg/188px-Flag_of_the_Canary_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Flag_of_the_Canary_Islands.svg/250px-Flag_of_the_Canary_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Canary_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Flag of Canary Islands">Flag</a></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Canary_Islands.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Canary Islands"><img alt="Canary Islands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Canary_Islands.svg/100px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Canary_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Canary_Islands.svg/150px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Canary_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Canary_Islands.svg/200px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Canary_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1599" data-file-height="1243" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Canary_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Coat of arms of Canary Islands">Coat of arms</a></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><b>Anthem</b>: "<a href="/wiki/Anthem_of_the_Canaries" class="mw-redirect" title="Anthem of the Canaries">Anthem of the Canaries</a>"<br /><div style="display:inline-block;margin-top:0.4em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="124" data-mwtitle="Himno_de_las_Canarias_(Instrumental).ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/26/Himno_de_las_Canarias_%28Instrumental%29.ogg/Himno_de_las_Canarias_%28Instrumental%29.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/26/Himno_de_las_Canarias_%28Instrumental%29.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Islas_Canarias_(real_location)_in_Spain.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Location of the Canary Islands (red) within Spain"><img alt="Location of the Canary Islands (red) within Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Islas_Canarias_%28real_location%29_in_Spain.svg/250px-Islas_Canarias_%28real_location%29_in_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Islas_Canarias_%28real_location%29_in_Spain.svg/375px-Islas_Canarias_%28real_location%29_in_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Islas_Canarias_%28real_location%29_in_Spain.svg/500px-Islas_Canarias_%28real_location%29_in_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1973" data-file-height="1788" /></a></span><div class="ib-pol-div-caption">Location of the Canary Islands (red) within Spain</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Country</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Capital</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a> (executive and legislative) and <a href="/wiki/Las_Palmas" title="Las Palmas">Las Palmas de Gran Canaria</a> (executive and judicial)<br /><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Canary_Islands&params=28_0_N_15_45_W_region:ES-CN_type:isle"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">28°0′N</span> <span class="longitude">15°45′W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">28.000°N 15.750°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">28.000; -15.750</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Largest city</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Las_Palmas" title="Las Palmas">Las Palmas de Gran Canaria</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Canarian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Canarian people">Canarian</a><br /><span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">canario/-a</i></span> (<a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area</th></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-pol-div-fake-li">• Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">7,493 km<sup>2</sup> (2,893 sq mi) (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_and_dependencies_by_area" title="List of countries and dependencies by area">1.88% of Spain; 13th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population</th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-pol-div-fake-li">• 2021 estimate</div></th><td class="infobox-data">2,172,944<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_countries_and_dependencies_by_population" title="List of countries and dependencies by population">8th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-pol-div-fake-li">• Density</div></th><td class="infobox-data">290/km<sup>2</sup> (751.1/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">GDP</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">(nominal)</span></th><td class="infobox-data">2022 estimate</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-pol-div-fake-li">• Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">€49.020 billion<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-pol-div-fake-li">• Per capita</div></th><td class="infobox-data">€22,303</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%C2%B100:00" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC±00:00">UTC</a> (<a href="/wiki/Western_European_Time" title="Western European Time">WET</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div class="ib-pol-div-fake-li"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B1" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+1">UTC+1</a> (<a href="/wiki/Western_European_Summer_Time" title="Western European Summer Time">WEST</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166" title="ISO 3166">ISO 3166 code</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li>IC</li><li><a href="/wiki/ISO_3166-2:ES" title="ISO 3166-2:ES">ES-CN</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Most populated island</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife">Tenerife</a><sup id="cite_ref-BOE_pop_2019_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BOE_pop_2019-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Official_language" title="Official language">Official language</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Canarian_Spanish" title="Canarian Spanish">Spanish</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Statute_of_Autonomy" class="mw-redirect" title="Statute of Autonomy">Statute of Autonomy</a></th><td class="infobox-data">7 November 2018</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Parliament" title="Parliament">Parliament</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Canarian_Parliament" class="mw-redirect" title="Canarian Parliament">Canarian Parliament</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Deputies_(Spain)" class="mw-redirect" title="Congress of Deputies (Spain)">Congress seats</a></th><td class="infobox-data">15 (of 350)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Senate" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish Senate">Senate seats</a></th><td class="infobox-data">14 (of 265)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Human_Development_Index" title="Human Development Index">HDI</a> (2021)</th><td class="infobox-data">0.871<sup id="cite_ref-GlobalDataLab_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GlobalDataLab-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><span class="tmp-color" style="color:darkgreen">very high</span> * <a href="/wiki/List_of_Spanish_autonomous_communities_by_Human_Development_Index" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Spanish autonomous communities by Human Development Index">15th</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gobiernodecanarias.org/principal/">www<wbr />.gobiernodecanarias<wbr />.org<wbr />/principal<wbr />/</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Canary Islands</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="/ɛər/: 'are' in 'bare'">ɛər</span><span title="/i/: 'y' in 'happy'">i</span></span>/</a></span></span>, <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>: <i lang="es"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canarias" class="extiw" title="es:Canarias">Canarias</a></i>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Spanish:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="es-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Spanish" title="Help:IPA/Spanish">[kaˈnaɾjas]</a></span>), also known informally as <b>the Canaries</b>, are a Spanish region, <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_communities_of_Spain" title="Autonomous communities of Spain">autonomous community</a> and <a href="/wiki/Archipelago" title="Archipelago">archipelago</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean" title="Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic Ocean</a>. At their closest point to the African mainland, they are 100 kilometres (62 miles) west of <a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a>. They are the southernmost of the <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_communities_of_Spain" title="Autonomous communities of Spain">autonomous communities of Spain</a>. The islands have a population of 2.2 million people and are the most populous <a href="/wiki/Special_member_state_territories_and_the_European_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Special member state territories and the European Union">special territory of the European Union</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Utreta_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Utreta-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The seven main islands are from largest to smallest in area, <a href="/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife">Tenerife</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fuerteventura" title="Fuerteventura">Fuerteventura</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gran_Canaria" title="Gran Canaria">Gran Canaria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lanzarote" title="Lanzarote">Lanzarote</a>, <a href="/wiki/La_Palma" title="La Palma">La Palma</a>, <a href="/wiki/La_Gomera" title="La Gomera">La Gomera</a>, and <a href="/wiki/El_Hierro" title="El Hierro">El Hierro</a>. The only other populated island is <a href="/wiki/Graciosa,_Canary_Islands" title="Graciosa, Canary Islands">La Graciosa</a>, which administratively is dependent on Lanzarote. The archipelago includes many smaller islands and islets, including <a href="/wiki/Alegranza" title="Alegranza">Alegranza</a>, <a href="/wiki/Islote_de_Lobos" class="mw-redirect" title="Islote de Lobos">Isla de Lobos</a>, <a href="/wiki/Monta%C3%B1a_Clara" title="Montaña Clara">Montaña Clara</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roque_del_Oeste" title="Roque del Oeste">Roque del Oeste</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Roque_del_Este" title="Roque del Este">Roque del Este</a>. It includes a number of rocks, including <a href="/wiki/Roque_de_Garachico" title="Roque de Garachico">Garachico</a> and <a href="/wiki/Roques_de_Anaga" title="Roques de Anaga">Anaga</a>. In ancient times, the island chain was often referred to as "the Fortunate Isles".<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Canary Islands are the southernmost region of <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a>, and the largest and most populous archipelago of <a href="/wiki/Macaronesia" title="Macaronesia">Macaronesia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-catalogo.museosdetenerife.org_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-catalogo.museosdetenerife.org-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Because of their location, the Canary Islands have historically been considered a link between the four continents of <a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North America</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_America" title="South America">South America</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2023, the Canary Islands had a population of 2,236,013,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with a density of 299 inhabitants per km<sup>2</sup>, making it the seventh most populous autonomous community of Spain. The population is mostly concentrated in the two capital islands: around 43% on the island of Tenerife and 40% on the island of Gran Canaria. </p><p>The Canary Islands, especially Tenerife, Gran Canaria, Fuerteventura, and Lanzarote, are a major tourist destination, with over 16 million visitors in 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-Agence_France_Presse_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Agence_France_Presse-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#What_information_to_include" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="A complete citation is needed. (November 2024)">full citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> This is due to their beaches, <a href="/wiki/Subtropical_climate" class="mw-redirect" title="Subtropical climate">subtropical climate</a>, and important natural attractions, especially <a href="/wiki/Maspalomas" title="Maspalomas">Maspalomas</a> in <a href="/wiki/Gran_Canaria" title="Gran Canaria">Gran Canaria</a> and Mount <a href="/wiki/Teide" title="Teide">Teide</a>, a <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">World Heritage Site</a> in <a href="/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife">Tenerife</a>. Mount Teide is the <a href="/wiki/List_of_mountains_in_Spain" title="List of mountains in Spain">highest peak in Spain</a> and the <a href="/wiki/List_of_volcanoes_by_elevation" title="List of volcanoes by elevation">3rd tallest volcano in the world</a>, measured from its base on the ocean floor.<sup id="cite_ref-gobiernodecanarias1_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gobiernodecanarias1-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The islands have warm summers and winters warm enough for the climate to be technically tropical at sea level.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The amount of precipitation and the level of maritime moderation vary depending on location and elevation. The archipelago includes green areas as well as semi-desert. The islands' high mountains are ideal for astronomical observation, because they lie above the <a href="/wiki/Inversion_(meteorology)" title="Inversion (meteorology)">temperature inversion</a> layer. As a result, the archipelago has two professional astronomical observatories: the <a href="/wiki/Teide_Observatory" title="Teide Observatory">Teide Observatory</a> on Tenerife, and <a href="/wiki/Roque_de_los_Muchachos_Observatory" title="Roque de los Muchachos Observatory">Roque de los Muchachos Observatory</a> on La Palma.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1927, the <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Canary_Islands" title="Province of Canary Islands">Province of Canary Islands</a> was split into two provinces. In 1982, the autonomous community of the Canary Islands was established. The cities of <a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a> and <a href="/wiki/Las_Palmas_de_Gran_Canaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Las Palmas de Gran Canaria">Las Palmas de Gran Canaria</a> are, jointly, the capitals of the islands.<sup id="cite_ref-estatuto2018_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-estatuto2018-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-es.wikisource.org_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-es.wikisource.org-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-gobiernodecanarias.org_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gobiernodecanarias.org-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Those cities are also, respectively, the capitals of the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_provinces" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish provinces">provinces</a> of <a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife_(province)" class="mw-redirect" title="Santa Cruz de Tenerife (province)">Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a> and <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Las_Palmas" title="Province of Las Palmas">Las Palmas</a>. Las Palmas de Gran Canaria has been the largest city in the Canaries since 1768, except for a brief period in the 1910s.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Between the <a href="/wiki/1833_territorial_division_of_Spain" title="1833 territorial division of Spain">1833 territorial division of Spain</a> and 1927, Santa Cruz de Tenerife was the sole capital of the Canary Islands. In 1927, it was ordered by decree that the capital of the Canary Islands would be shared between two cities, and this arrangement persists to the present day.<sup id="cite_ref-es.wikisource.org_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-es.wikisource.org-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Real_Decreto_Canarias_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Real_Decreto_Canarias-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The third largest city in the Canary Islands is <a href="/wiki/San_Crist%C3%B3bal_de_La_Laguna" title="San Cristóbal de La Laguna">San Cristóbal de La Laguna</a>, another World Heritage Site on Tenerife.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/Age_of_Sail" title="Age of Sail">Age of Sail</a>, the islands were the main stopover for <a href="/wiki/Spanish_treasure_fleet" title="Spanish treasure fleet">Spanish galleons</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_colonisation_of_the_Americas" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish colonisation of the Americas">Spanish colonisation of the Americas</a>, which sailed that far south in order to catch the prevailing northeasterly <a href="/wiki/Trade_winds" title="Trade winds">trade winds</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The name <i>Islas Canarias</i> is likely derived from the Latin name <i>Canariae Insulae</i>, meaning "Islands of the Dogs", perhaps because monk seals or sea dogs were abundant, a name that was evidently generalized from the ancient name of one of these islands, <i>Canaria</i> – presumably Gran Canaria. According to the historian <a href="/wiki/Pliny_the_Elder" title="Pliny the Elder">Pliny the Elder</a>, the island <i>Canaria</i> contained "vast multitudes of dogs of very large size".<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The connection to dogs is retained in their depiction on the islands' coat-of-arms. </p><p>Other theories speculate that the name comes from the <a href="/wiki/Nukkari" title="Nukkari">Nukkari</a> Berber tribe living in the Moroccan Atlas, named in Roman sources as <i>Canarii</i>, though Pliny again mentions the relation of this term with dogs.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The name of the islands is not derived from the <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Canary" class="mw-redirect" title="Atlantic Canary">canary bird</a>; rather, the birds are named after the islands. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Islands">Islands</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Islands"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From west to east, the Canary Islands are <a href="/wiki/El_Hierro" title="El Hierro">El Hierro</a>, <a href="/wiki/La_Palma" title="La Palma">La Palma</a>, <a href="/wiki/La_Gomera" title="La Gomera">La Gomera</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife">Tenerife</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gran_Canaria" title="Gran Canaria">Gran Canaria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fuerteventura" title="Fuerteventura">Fuerteventura</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lanzarote" title="Lanzarote">Lanzarote</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Graciosa,_Canary_Islands" title="Graciosa, Canary Islands">La Graciosa</a>. North of Lanzarote are the islets of <a href="/wiki/Monta%C3%B1a_Clara" title="Montaña Clara">Montaña Clara</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alegranza" title="Alegranza">Alegranza</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roque_del_Este" title="Roque del Este">Roque del Este</a> and <a href="/wiki/Roque_del_Oeste" title="Roque del Oeste">Roque del Oeste</a>, belonging to the <a href="/wiki/Chinijo_Archipelago" title="Chinijo Archipelago">Chinijo Archipelago</a>. Northeast of Fuerteventura is the islet of <a href="/wiki/Lobos_Island" title="Lobos Island">Lobos</a>. There are a series of small adjacent rocks in the Canary Islands: the <a href="/wiki/Roques_de_Anaga" title="Roques de Anaga">Roques de Anaga</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roque_de_Garachico" title="Roque de Garachico">Garachico</a> and Fasnia in Tenerife, and Salmor and Bonanza in El Hierro. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed center"> <li class="gallerycaption">The Canary Islands</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 123.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_El_Hierro.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="El Hierro"><img alt="El Hierro" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_El_Hierro.svg/185px-Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_El_Hierro.svg.png" decoding="async" width="124" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_El_Hierro.svg/277px-Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_El_Hierro.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_El_Hierro.svg/370px-Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_El_Hierro.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1475" data-file-height="655" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/El_Hierro" title="El Hierro">El Hierro</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 123.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_La_Palma.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="La Palma"><img alt="La Palma" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_La_Palma.svg/185px-Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_La_Palma.svg.png" decoding="async" width="124" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_La_Palma.svg/277px-Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_La_Palma.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_La_Palma.svg/370px-Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_La_Palma.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1475" data-file-height="655" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/La_Palma" title="La Palma">La Palma</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 123.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_La_Gomera.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="La Gomera"><img alt="La Gomera" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_La_Gomera.svg/185px-Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_La_Gomera.svg.png" decoding="async" width="124" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_La_Gomera.svg/277px-Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_La_Gomera.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_La_Gomera.svg/370px-Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_La_Gomera.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1475" data-file-height="655" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/La_Gomera" title="La Gomera">La Gomera</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 123.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_Tenerife.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tenerife"><img alt="Tenerife" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_Tenerife.svg/185px-Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_Tenerife.svg.png" decoding="async" width="124" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_Tenerife.svg/277px-Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_Tenerife.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_Tenerife.svg/370px-Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_Tenerife.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1475" data-file-height="655" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife">Tenerife</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 123.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_Gran_Canaria.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gran Canaria"><img alt="Gran Canaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_Gran_Canaria.svg/185px-Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_Gran_Canaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="124" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_Gran_Canaria.svg/277px-Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_Gran_Canaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_Gran_Canaria.svg/370px-Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_Gran_Canaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1475" data-file-height="655" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Gran_Canaria" title="Gran Canaria">Gran Canaria</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 123.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_Fuerteventura.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Fuerteventura"><img alt="Fuerteventura" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_Fuerteventura.svg/185px-Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_Fuerteventura.svg.png" decoding="async" width="124" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_Fuerteventura.svg/277px-Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_Fuerteventura.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_Fuerteventura.svg/370px-Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_Fuerteventura.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1475" data-file-height="655" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Fuerteventura" title="Fuerteventura">Fuerteventura</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 125.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 123.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_Lanzarote.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lanzarote"><img alt="Lanzarote" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_Lanzarote.svg/185px-Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_Lanzarote.svg.png" decoding="async" width="124" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_Lanzarote.svg/277px-Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_Lanzarote.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_Lanzarote.svg/370px-Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_Lanzarote.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1475" data-file-height="655" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Lanzarote" title="Lanzarote">Lanzarote</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="El_Hierro">El Hierro</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: El Hierro"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/El_Hierro" title="El Hierro">El Hierro</a></div> <p>El Hierro, the westernmost island, covers 268.71 km<sup>2</sup> (103.75 sq mi). It is the second smallest of the major islands, and the least populous with 10,798 inhabitants. The whole island was declared a Reserve of the Biosphere in 2000. Its capital is <a href="/wiki/Valverde,_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Valverde, Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Valverde</a>. Also known as Ferro, it was once the westernmost known land in the world. Ancient European geographers such as Ptolemy recognised the island as the <a href="/wiki/Prime_meridian" title="Prime meridian">prime meridian</a> of longitude. That remained so until the 19th century, when it was displaced by the one <a href="/wiki/Greenwich_Mean_Time" title="Greenwich Mean Time">passing through Greenwich</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fuerteventura">Fuerteventura</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Fuerteventura"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Fuerteventura" title="Fuerteventura">Fuerteventura</a></div> <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:808px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize" style="overflow:auto"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Barranco_de_Pecenescal_-_Fuerteventura.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Barranco de Pecenescal – Fuerteventura"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Barranco_de_Pecenescal_-_Fuerteventura.jpg/800px-Barranco_de_Pecenescal_-_Fuerteventura.jpg" decoding="async" width="800" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Barranco_de_Pecenescal_-_Fuerteventura.jpg/1200px-Barranco_de_Pecenescal_-_Fuerteventura.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Barranco_de_Pecenescal_-_Fuerteventura.jpg/1600px-Barranco_de_Pecenescal_-_Fuerteventura.jpg 2x" data-file-width="11163" data-file-height="2373" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption" style="text-align:center"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Barranco_de_Pecenescal_-_Fuerteventura.jpg" title="File:Barranco de Pecenescal - Fuerteventura.jpg"> </a></div>Barranco de Pecenescal – Fuerteventura</div></div></div> <p>Fuerteventura, with a surface of 1,660 km<sup>2</sup> (640 sq mi), is the second largest island of the archipelago. It has been declared a <a href="/wiki/World_Network_of_Biosphere_Reserves" title="World Network of Biosphere Reserves">biosphere reserve</a> by <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a>. It is the oldest of the islands being more eroded. Its highest point is the Peak of the Bramble, at a height of 807 metres (2,648 feet). Its capital is <a href="/wiki/Puerto_del_Rosario" title="Puerto del Rosario">Puerto del Rosario</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gran_Canaria">Gran Canaria</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Gran Canaria"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Gran_Canaria" title="Gran Canaria">Gran Canaria</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pueblo_de_Fataga.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Pueblo_de_Fataga.jpg/220px-Pueblo_de_Fataga.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="122" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Pueblo_de_Fataga.jpg/330px-Pueblo_de_Fataga.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Pueblo_de_Fataga.jpg/440px-Pueblo_de_Fataga.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2967" data-file-height="1650" /></a><figcaption>View of <a href="/wiki/Fataga" title="Fataga">Fataga</a>, Gran Canaria</figcaption></figure> <p>Gran Canaria has 846,717 inhabitants. The capital, <a href="/wiki/Las_Palmas" title="Las Palmas">Las Palmas de Gran Canaria</a>, with 377,203 inhabitants, is the most populous city and shares the status of capital of the Canaries with Santa Cruz de Tenerife. Gran Canaria's surface area is 1,560 km<sup>2</sup> (600 sq mi). Roque Nublo 1,813 metres (5,948 feet) and Pico de las Nieves ("Peak of Snow") 1,949 metres (6,394 feet) are located in the center of the island. On the south of the island are the Maspalomas Dunes (Gran Canaria). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="La_Gomera">La Gomera</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: La Gomera"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/La_Gomera" title="La Gomera">La Gomera</a></div> <p>La Gomera (informally known as 'Isla Colombina') has an area of 369.76 km<sup>2</sup> (142.77 sq mi) and is the second least populous island with 21,136 inhabitants. It has been declared a <a href="/wiki/World_Network_of_Biosphere_Reserves" title="World Network of Biosphere Reserves">biosphere reserve</a> by <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a>. Geologically it is one of the oldest of the archipelago. The insular capital is <a href="/wiki/San_Sebastian_de_La_Gomera" class="mw-redirect" title="San Sebastian de La Gomera">San Sebastian de La Gomera</a>. <a href="/wiki/Garajonay_National_Park" title="Garajonay National Park">Garajonay National Park</a> is located on the island. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lanzarote">Lanzarote</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Lanzarote"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Lanzarote" title="Lanzarote">Lanzarote</a></div> <p>Lanzarote is the easternmost island and one of the oldest of the archipelago, and it has shown evidence of recent volcanic activity. It has a surface of 845.94 km<sup>2</sup> (326.62 sq mi), and a population of 149,183 inhabitants, including the adjacent islets of the Chinijo Archipelago. The capital is <a href="/wiki/Arrecife" title="Arrecife">Arrecife</a>, with 56,834 inhabitants. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Chinijo_Archipelago">Chinijo Archipelago</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Chinijo Archipelago"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Chinijo_Archipelago" title="Chinijo Archipelago">Chinijo Archipelago</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Chinijo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/The_Chinijo.jpg/220px-The_Chinijo.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/The_Chinijo.jpg/330px-The_Chinijo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/The_Chinijo.jpg/440px-The_Chinijo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3715" data-file-height="2476" /></a><figcaption>The Chinijo Archipelago, seen from Lanzarote</figcaption></figure> <p>The Chinijo Archipelago includes the islands <a href="/wiki/La_Graciosa" class="mw-redirect" title="La Graciosa">La Graciosa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alegranza" title="Alegranza">Alegranza</a>, <a href="/wiki/Monta%C3%B1a_Clara" title="Montaña Clara">Montaña Clara</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roque_del_Este" title="Roque del Este">Roque del Este</a> and <a href="/wiki/Roque_del_Oeste" title="Roque del Oeste">Roque del Oeste</a>. It has a surface of 40.8 km<sup>2</sup> (15.8 sq mi), and only La Graciosa is populated, with 658 inhabitants. With 29 km<sup>2</sup> (11 sq mi), La Graciosa is the largest island of the Chinijo Archipelago and the smallest inhabited island of the Canaries. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="La_Palma">La Palma</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: La Palma"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/La_Palma" title="La Palma">La Palma</a></div> <p>La Palma, with 81,863 inhabitants covering an area of 708.32 km<sup>2</sup> (273.48 sq mi), is in its entirety a biosphere reserve. For long it showed no signs of volcanic activity, even though the volcano <a href="/wiki/Tenegu%C3%ADa" title="Teneguía">Teneguía</a> entered into eruption last in 1971. On 19 September 2021, the volcanic <a href="/wiki/Cumbre_Vieja" title="Cumbre Vieja">Cumbre Vieja</a> on the island <a href="/wiki/2021_Cumbre_Vieja_volcanic_eruption" title="2021 Cumbre Vieja volcanic eruption">erupted</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is the second-highest island of the Canaries, with the Roque de los Muchachos at 2,423 metres (7,949 feet) as its highest point. <a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_de_La_Palma" title="Santa Cruz de La Palma">Santa Cruz de La Palma</a>, known to those on the island as simply "Santa Cruz", is its capital. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tenerife">Tenerife</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Tenerife"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife">Tenerife</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Urville-Laguna.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Urville-Laguna.jpg/220px-Urville-Laguna.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Urville-Laguna.jpg/330px-Urville-Laguna.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Urville-Laguna.jpg/440px-Urville-Laguna.jpg 2x" data-file-width="672" data-file-height="504" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/San_Crist%C3%B3bal_de_La_Laguna" title="San Cristóbal de La Laguna">San Cristóbal de La Laguna</a> in 1880 (Tenerife)</figcaption></figure> <p>Tenerife is, with its area of 2,034 km<sup>2</sup> (785 sq mi), the most extensive island of the Canary Islands. With 904,713 inhabitants, it is the most populated island of the archipelago and Spain. Two of the islands' principal cities are located on it: the capital, <a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a> and <a href="/wiki/San_Crist%C3%B3bal_de_La_Laguna" title="San Cristóbal de La Laguna">San Cristóbal de La Laguna</a>, a World Heritage Site. <a href="/wiki/San_Crist%C3%B3bal_de_La_Laguna" title="San Cristóbal de La Laguna">San Cristóbal de La Laguna</a>, the second city of the island, is home to the oldest university in the Canary Islands, the <a href="/wiki/University_of_La_Laguna" title="University of La Laguna">University of La Laguna</a>. <a href="/wiki/Teide" title="Teide">Teide</a>, with its 3,715 metres (12,188 feet) is the highest peak of <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a> and a <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">World Heritage Site</a>. <a href="/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife">Tenerife</a> is the site of the <a href="/wiki/Tenerife_airport_disaster" title="Tenerife airport disaster">worst air disaster</a> in the history of aviation, in which 583 people were killed in the collision of two <a href="/wiki/Boeing_747" title="Boeing 747">Boeing 747s</a> on 27 March 1977. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="La_Graciosa">La Graciosa</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: La Graciosa"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/La_Graciosa" class="mw-redirect" title="La Graciosa">La Graciosa</a></div> <p>Graciosa Island or commonly La Graciosa is a volcanic island in the Canary Islands of Spain, located 2 km (1.2 mi) north of the island of Lanzarote across the Strait of El Río. It was formed by the Canary hotspot. The island is part of the Chinijo Archipelago and the Chinijo Archipelago Natural Park (Parque Natural del Archipiélago Chinijo). It is administered by the municipality of Teguise. In 2018, La Graciosa was declared as <i>the eighth Canary Island</i> by the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Senate" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish Senate">Spanish Senate</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Monzón2019_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Monzón2019-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> though it is not recognized as such by the Canarian administration. It is administratively dependent on the island of Lanzarote. It is the smallest and least populated of the main islands, with about 700 people. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Data">Data</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Data"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Flag" title="Flag">Flag</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms" title="Coat of arms">Coat of arms</a></th> <th>Island</th> <th>Capital</th> <th>Area (km<sup>2</sup>)</th> <th>Population (2010)</th> <th>Population Density (people/km<sup>2</sup>) </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_El_Hierro_with_CoA.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Flag_of_El_Hierro_with_CoA.svg/50px-Flag_of_El_Hierro_with_CoA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Flag_of_El_Hierro_with_CoA.svg/75px-Flag_of_El_Hierro_with_CoA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Flag_of_El_Hierro_with_CoA.svg/100px-Flag_of_El_Hierro_with_CoA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_El_Hierro.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Coat_of_Arms_of_El_Hierro.svg/30px-Coat_of_Arms_of_El_Hierro.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="51" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Coat_of_Arms_of_El_Hierro.svg/45px-Coat_of_Arms_of_El_Hierro.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Coat_of_Arms_of_El_Hierro.svg/60px-Coat_of_Arms_of_El_Hierro.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="359" data-file-height="614" /></a></span> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/El_Hierro" title="El Hierro">El Hierro</a> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Valverde,_El_Hierro" class="mw-redirect" title="Valverde, El Hierro">Valverde</a> </td> <td align="center">268.71 </td> <td align="center">10,960 </td> <td align="center">40.79 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Fuerteventura.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Fuerteventura.svg/50px-Flag_of_Fuerteventura.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Fuerteventura.svg/75px-Flag_of_Fuerteventura.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Fuerteventura.svg/100px-Flag_of_Fuerteventura.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_Fuerteventura.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Coat_of_Arms_of_Fuerteventura.svg/30px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Fuerteventura.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Coat_of_Arms_of_Fuerteventura.svg/45px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Fuerteventura.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Coat_of_Arms_of_Fuerteventura.svg/60px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Fuerteventura.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="464" data-file-height="608" /></a></span> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Fuerteventura" title="Fuerteventura">Fuerteventura</a> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Puerto_del_Rosario" title="Puerto del Rosario">Puerto del Rosario</a> </td> <td align="center">1,660 </td> <td align="center">103,492 </td> <td align="center">62.34 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Gran_Canaria.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Flag_of_Gran_Canaria.svg/50px-Flag_of_Gran_Canaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Flag_of_Gran_Canaria.svg/75px-Flag_of_Gran_Canaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Flag_of_Gran_Canaria.svg/100px-Flag_of_Gran_Canaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_Gran_Canaria.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Coat_of_Arms_of_Gran_Canaria.svg/30px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Gran_Canaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="48" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Coat_of_Arms_of_Gran_Canaria.svg/45px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Gran_Canaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Coat_of_Arms_of_Gran_Canaria.svg/60px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Gran_Canaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="379" data-file-height="607" /></a></span> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Gran_Canaria" title="Gran Canaria">Gran Canaria</a> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Las_Palmas_de_Gran_Canaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Las Palmas de Gran Canaria">Las Palmas de Gran Canaria</a> </td> <td align="center">1,560.1 </td> <td align="center">845,676 </td> <td align="center">542.07 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_La_Gomera.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Flag_of_La_Gomera.svg/50px-Flag_of_La_Gomera.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Flag_of_La_Gomera.svg/75px-Flag_of_La_Gomera.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Flag_of_La_Gomera.svg/100px-Flag_of_La_Gomera.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_La_Gomera.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Coat_of_Arms_of_La_Gomera.svg/30px-Coat_of_Arms_of_La_Gomera.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="51" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Coat_of_Arms_of_La_Gomera.svg/45px-Coat_of_Arms_of_La_Gomera.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Coat_of_Arms_of_La_Gomera.svg/60px-Coat_of_Arms_of_La_Gomera.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="359" data-file-height="614" /></a></span> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/La_Gomera" title="La Gomera">La Gomera</a> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/San_Sebasti%C3%A1n_de_La_Gomera" title="San Sebastián de La Gomera">San Sebastián</a> </td> <td align="center">369.76 </td> <td align="center">22,776 </td> <td align="center">61.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Lanzarote.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Flag_of_Lanzarote.svg/50px-Flag_of_Lanzarote.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Flag_of_Lanzarote.svg/75px-Flag_of_Lanzarote.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Flag_of_Lanzarote.svg/100px-Flag_of_Lanzarote.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_Lanzarote.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Coat_of_Arms_of_Lanzarote.svg/30px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Lanzarote.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="44" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Coat_of_Arms_of_Lanzarote.svg/45px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Lanzarote.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Coat_of_Arms_of_Lanzarote.svg/60px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Lanzarote.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="420" data-file-height="610" /></a></span> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Lanzarote" title="Lanzarote">Lanzarote</a> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Arrecife" title="Arrecife">Arrecife</a> </td> <td align="center">845.94 </td> <td align="center">141,437 </td> <td align="center">167.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_La_Palma_with_CoA.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Flag_of_La_Palma_with_CoA.svg/50px-Flag_of_La_Palma_with_CoA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Flag_of_La_Palma_with_CoA.svg/75px-Flag_of_La_Palma_with_CoA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Flag_of_La_Palma_with_CoA.svg/100px-Flag_of_La_Palma_with_CoA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_La_Palma.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Coat_of_Arms_of_La_Palma.svg/30px-Coat_of_Arms_of_La_Palma.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="48" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Coat_of_Arms_of_La_Palma.svg/45px-Coat_of_Arms_of_La_Palma.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Coat_of_Arms_of_La_Palma.svg/60px-Coat_of_Arms_of_La_Palma.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="379" data-file-height="607" /></a></span> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/La_Palma" title="La Palma">La Palma</a> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_de_La_Palma" title="Santa Cruz de La Palma">Santa Cruz de La Palma</a> </td> <td align="center">708.32 </td> <td align="center">86,324 </td> <td align="center">121.87 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Tenerife.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Flag_of_Tenerife.svg/50px-Flag_of_Tenerife.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Flag_of_Tenerife.svg/75px-Flag_of_Tenerife.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Flag_of_Tenerife.svg/100px-Flag_of_Tenerife.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> </td> <td align="center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Escudo_de_Tenerife.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Escudo_de_Tenerife.svg/35px-Escudo_de_Tenerife.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Escudo_de_Tenerife.svg/53px-Escudo_de_Tenerife.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Escudo_de_Tenerife.svg/70px-Escudo_de_Tenerife.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="850" data-file-height="975" /></a></span> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife">Tenerife</a> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a> </td> <td align="center">2,034.38 </td> <td align="center">906,854 </td> <td align="center">445.76 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">– </td> <td align="center">– </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/La_Graciosa" class="mw-redirect" title="La Graciosa">La Graciosa</a> </td> <td align="center"><a href="/wiki/Caleta_de_Sebo" title="Caleta de Sebo">Caleta de Sebo</a> </td> <td align="center">29.05 </td> <td align="center">658 </td> <td align="center">22.65 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">– </td> <td align="center">– </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Alegranza" title="Alegranza">Alegranza</a> </td> <td align="center">– </td> <td align="center">10.3 </td> <td align="center">– </td> <td align="center">– </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">– </td> <td align="center">– </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Lobos_Island" title="Lobos Island">Isla de Lobos</a> </td> <td align="center">– </td> <td align="center">4.5 </td> <td align="center">– </td> <td align="center">– </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">– </td> <td align="center">– </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Monta%C3%B1a_Clara" title="Montaña Clara">Montaña Clara</a> </td> <td align="center">– </td> <td align="center">1.48 </td> <td align="center">– </td> <td align="center">– </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">– </td> <td align="center">– </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Roque_del_Este" title="Roque del Este">Roque del Este</a> </td> <td align="center">– </td> <td align="center">0.06 </td> <td align="center">– </td> <td align="center">– </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">– </td> <td align="center">– </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Roque_del_Oeste" title="Roque del Oeste">Roque del Oeste</a> </td> <td align="center">– </td> <td align="center">0.015 </td> <td align="center">– </td> <td align="center">– </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Physical_geography">Physical geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Physical geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Map_of_the_Canary_Islands.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Map_of_the_Canary_Islands.svg/440px-Map_of_the_Canary_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="440" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Map_of_the_Canary_Islands.svg/660px-Map_of_the_Canary_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Map_of_the_Canary_Islands.svg/880px-Map_of_the_Canary_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3152" data-file-height="1400" /></a><figcaption>A map of the Canary Islands</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hacha_grande_from_papagayo_pano.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Hacha_grande_from_papagayo_pano.jpg/440px-Hacha_grande_from_papagayo_pano.jpg" decoding="async" width="440" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Hacha_grande_from_papagayo_pano.jpg/660px-Hacha_grande_from_papagayo_pano.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Hacha_grande_from_papagayo_pano.jpg/880px-Hacha_grande_from_papagayo_pano.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="904" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Hacha_Grande" title="Hacha Grande">Hacha Grande</a>, a mountain in the south of Lanzarote, viewed from the road to the Playa de Papagayo</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Grancanaria.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Grancanaria.jpg/440px-Grancanaria.jpg" decoding="async" width="440" height="89" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Grancanaria.jpg/660px-Grancanaria.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Grancanaria.jpg/880px-Grancanaria.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7413" data-file-height="1500" /></a><figcaption>A panoramic view of Gran Canaria, with <a href="/wiki/Roque_Nublo" title="Roque Nublo">Roque Nublo</a> at the left and <a href="/wiki/Roque_Bentayga" title="Roque Bentayga">Roque Bentayga</a> at the center</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife">Tenerife</a> is the largest and most populous island of the archipelago. <a href="/wiki/Gran_Canaria" title="Gran Canaria">Gran Canaria</a>, with 865,070 inhabitants, is both the Canary Islands' second most populous island, and the third most populous one in Spain after Tenerife (966,354 inhabitants) and <a href="/wiki/Majorca" class="mw-redirect" title="Majorca">Majorca</a> (896,038 inhabitants).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The island of <a href="/wiki/Fuerteventura" title="Fuerteventura">Fuerteventura</a> is the second largest in the archipelago and located 100 km (62 mi) from the African coast. </p><p>The islands form the <a href="/wiki/Macaronesia" title="Macaronesia">Macaronesia</a> <a href="/wiki/Ecoregion" title="Ecoregion">ecoregion</a> with the <a href="/wiki/Azores" title="Azores">Azores</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cape_Verde" title="Cape Verde">Cape Verde</a>, <a href="/wiki/Madeira_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Madeira Islands">Madeira</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Savage_Isles" class="mw-redirect" title="Savage Isles">Savage Isles</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Canary Islands is the largest and most populated archipelago of the Macaronesia region.<sup id="cite_ref-catalogo.museosdetenerife.org_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-catalogo.museosdetenerife.org-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The archipelago has seven large and several smaller islands, all of which are volcanic in origin.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to the position of the islands with respect to the north-east <a href="/wiki/Trade_winds" title="Trade winds">trade winds</a>, the climate can be mild and wet or very dry. Several native species form <a href="/wiki/Laurisilva" class="mw-redirect" title="Laurisilva">laurisilva</a> forests. </p><p>The individual islands in the Canary archipelago tend to have distinct <a href="/wiki/Microclimate" title="Microclimate">microclimates</a>. Those islands such as <a href="/wiki/El_Hierro" title="El Hierro">El Hierro</a>, <a href="/wiki/La_Palma" title="La Palma">La Palma</a> and <a href="/wiki/La_Gomera" title="La Gomera">La Gomera</a> lying to the west of the archipelago have a climate which is influenced by the moist <a href="/wiki/Canary_Current" title="Canary Current">Canary Current</a>. They are well vegetated even at low levels and have extensive tracts of sub-tropical laurisilva forest. Travelling east toward the African coast, the influence of the current diminishes, and the islands become increasingly arid. <a href="/wiki/Fuerteventura" title="Fuerteventura">Fuerteventura</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lanzarote" title="Lanzarote">Lanzarote</a>, the islands which are closest to the African mainland, are effectively desert or semi-desert. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Gran_Canaria" title="Gran Canaria">Gran Canaria</a> is known as a "continent in miniature" for its diverse landscapes like <a href="/wiki/Maspalomas" title="Maspalomas">Maspalomas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Roque_Nublo" title="Roque Nublo">Roque Nublo</a>. The north of <a href="/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife">Tenerife</a> lies under the influence of the moist Atlantic winds and is well vegetated. The south of the island around the tourist resorts of <a href="/wiki/Playa_de_las_Am%C3%A9ricas" title="Playa de las Américas">Playa de las Américas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Los_Cristianos" title="Los Cristianos">Los Cristianos</a> is arid. The island rises to almost 4,000 m (13,000 ft) above sea level. At altitude, in the cool relatively wet climate, forests of the endemic pine <i><a href="/wiki/Pinus_canariensis" title="Pinus canariensis">Pinus canariensis</a></i> thrive. Many of the plant species in the Canary Islands, like the Canary Island pine and the <a href="/wiki/Dracaena_(plant)" title="Dracaena (plant)">dragon tree</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Dracaena_draco" title="Dracaena draco">Dracaena draco</a></i> are endemic, as noted by <a href="/wiki/Sabin_Berthelot" title="Sabin Berthelot">Sabin Berthelot</a> and <a href="/wiki/Philip_Barker_Webb" class="mw-redirect" title="Philip Barker Webb">Philip Barker Webb</a> in their work, <i>L'Histoire Naturelle des Îles Canaries</i> (1835–50).<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The climate is warm <a href="/wiki/Subtropical_climate" class="mw-redirect" title="Subtropical climate">subtropical</a>/<a href="/wiki/Tropical_climate" title="Tropical climate">tropical</a> and generally <a href="/wiki/Aridity" title="Aridity">arid</a>, moderated by the sea and in summer by the <a href="/wiki/Trade_winds" title="Trade winds">trade winds</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are a number of <a href="/wiki/Microclimate" title="Microclimate">microclimates</a> and the classifications range mainly from <a href="/wiki/Hot_semi-arid_climate" class="mw-redirect" title="Hot semi-arid climate">semi-desert</a> to <a href="/wiki/Hot_desert_climate" class="mw-redirect" title="Hot desert climate">desert</a>. The majority of the Canary Islands have a <a href="/wiki/Desert_climate" title="Desert climate">hot desert climate</a> (<i>BWh</i>) and a <a href="/wiki/Semi-arid_climate" title="Semi-arid climate">hot semi-desert climate</a> (<i>BSh</i>) within the <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen</a> system, caused partly due to the cool <a href="/wiki/Canary_Current" title="Canary Current">Canary Current</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A subtropical humid climate, which is very influenced by the ocean, is in the middle of the islands of <a href="/wiki/La_Gomera" title="La Gomera">La Gomera</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife">Tenerife</a> and <a href="/wiki/La_Palma" title="La Palma">La Palma</a>, where <a href="/wiki/Laurisilva" class="mw-redirect" title="Laurisilva">laurisilva</a> cloud forests grow.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for <a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a> 35m (1981–2010) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF8D1B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.0<br />(69.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF8B18; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.2<br />(70.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF850C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.1<br />(71.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF8104; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.7<br />(72.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF7700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.1<br />(75.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF6900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.2<br />(79.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF5800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.7<br />(83.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF5600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.0<br />(84.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF5C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.1<br />(82.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF6800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.3<br />(79.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF7700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.1<br />(75.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF850C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.1<br />(71.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF7400; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">24.6<br />(76.3) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFA042; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.2<br />(64.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF9F40; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.3<br />(64.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF9B37; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.0<br />(66.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF962D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.7<br />(67.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF8D1B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.0<br />(69.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF8001; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.9<br />(73.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF7100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.0<br />(77.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF6E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.5<br />(77.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF7200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.9<br />(76.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF7C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.4<br />(74.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF8B17; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.3<br />(70.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF9831; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.4<br />(66.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF8914; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">21.5<br />(70.7) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFB368; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.4<br />(59.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFB46A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.3<br />(59.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFB061; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.9<br />(60.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFAC59; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.5<br />(61.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFA347; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.8<br />(64.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF9730; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.5<br />(67.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF8B18; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.2<br />(70.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF870F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.9<br />(71.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF8811; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.7<br />(71.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF9225; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.3<br />(68.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF9F3F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.4<br />(65.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFAB58; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.6<br />(61.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF9F3F; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">18.4<br />(65.1) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainfall mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #D0D0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.5<br />(1.24) </td> <td style="background: #C5C5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.4<br />(1.39) </td> <td style="background: #C6C6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.8<br />(1.49) </td> <td style="background: #EDEDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.6<br />(0.46) </td> <td style="background: #F9F9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.6<br />(0.14) </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.9<br />(0.04) </td> <td style="background: #FEFEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.1<br />(0.00) </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.0<br />(0.08) </td> <td style="background: #F4F4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.8<br />(0.27) </td> <td style="background: #E3E3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.7<br />(0.74) </td> <td style="background: #CACAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.1<br />(1.34) </td> <td style="background: #BEBEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">43.2<br />(1.70) </td> <td style="background: #E2E2FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">225.7<br />(8.89) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainy days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 1.0 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #9C9CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.0 </td> <td style="background: #9D9DFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.2 </td> <td style="background: #A9A9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.9 </td> <td style="background: #B8B8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.5 </td> <td style="background: #DBDBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.9 </td> <td style="background: #F3F3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.9 </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.2 </td> <td style="background: #F5F5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.8 </td> <td style="background: #DCDCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.7 </td> <td style="background: #B3B3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.1 </td> <td style="background: #8E8EFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.8 </td> <td style="background: #8B8BFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.4 </td> <td style="background: #C0C0FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">59.4 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #D0D000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">178 </td> <td style="background: #D8D800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">186 </td> <td style="background: #DCDC00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">221 </td> <td style="background: #E1E100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">237 </td> <td style="background: #EAEA01; color:#000000;" class="notheme">282 </td> <td style="background: #F2F214; color:#000000;" class="notheme">306 </td> <td style="background: #F7F71F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">337 </td> <td style="background: #F2F215; color:#000000;" class="notheme">319 </td> <td style="background: #E5E500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">253 </td> <td style="background: #DCDC00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">222 </td> <td style="background: #D3D300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">178 </td> <td style="background: #CCCC00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">168 </td> <td style="background: #E1E100; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">2,887 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: <a href="/wiki/Agencia_Estatal_de_Meteorolog%C3%ADa" class="mw-redirect" title="Agencia Estatal de Meteorología">Agencia Estatal de Meteorología</a><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for <a href="/wiki/Gran_Canaria_Airport" title="Gran Canaria Airport">Gran Canaria Airport</a> 24m (1981–2010) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF8E1E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.8<br />(69.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF8B18; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.2<br />(70.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF8409; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.3<br />(72.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF8205; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.6<br />(72.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF7B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.6<br />(74.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF6F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.3<br />(77.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF6400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.9<br />(80.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF6000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.5<br />(81.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF6200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.2<br />(81.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF6900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.2<br />(79.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF7700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.2<br />(75.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF850B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.2<br />(72.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF7700; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">24.2<br />(75.6) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFA143; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.1<br />(64.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF9F3F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.4<br />(65.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF9932; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.3<br />(66.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF9730; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.5<br />(67.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF9022; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.5<br />(68.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF850B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.2<br />(72.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF7900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.8<br />(74.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF7400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.6<br />(76.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF7600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.3<br />(75.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF7E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.1<br />(73.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF8B18; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.2<br />(70.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF9932; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.3<br />(66.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF8B18; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">21.2<br />(70.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFB46A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.3<br />(59.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFB266; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.6<br />(60.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFAE5D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.2<br />(61.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFAD5C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.3<br />(61.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFA64E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.3<br />(63.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF9934; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.2<br />(66.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF8E1E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.8<br />(69.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF8913; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.6<br />(70.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF8A16; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.4<br />(70.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF9327; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.1<br />(68.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFA143; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.1<br />(64.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFAC59; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.5<br />(61.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFA042; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">18.2<br />(64.8) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #D9D9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25<br />(1.0) </td> <td style="background: #D7D7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24<br />(0.9) </td> <td style="background: #EBEBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13<br />(0.5) </td> <td style="background: #F5F5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6<br />(0.2) </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #F1F1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9<br />(0.4) </td> <td style="background: #E7E7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16<br />(0.6) </td> <td style="background: #DDDDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22<br />(0.9) </td> <td style="background: #D0D0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31<br />(1.2) </td> <td style="background: #EBEBFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">151<br />(5.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 1 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #D9D9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3 </td> <td style="background: #D6D6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3 </td> <td style="background: #E6E6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2 </td> <td style="background: #F2F2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #F2F2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1 </td> <td style="background: #E6E6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2 </td> <td style="background: #CCCCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4 </td> <td style="background: #C1C1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5 </td> <td style="background: #E7E7FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">22 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #D3D300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">184 </td> <td style="background: #D9D900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">191 </td> <td style="background: #DEDE00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">229 </td> <td style="background: #DFDF00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">228 </td> <td style="background: #E8E800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">272 </td> <td style="background: #EDED07; color:#000000;" class="notheme">284 </td> <td style="background: #F0F00F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">308 </td> <td style="background: #EEEE0B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">300 </td> <td style="background: #E2E200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">241 </td> <td style="background: #DCDC00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">220 </td> <td style="background: #D5D500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">185 </td> <td style="background: #D1D100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">179 </td> <td style="background: #E0E000; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">2,821 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: <a href="/wiki/World_Meteorological_Organization" title="World Meteorological Organization">World Meteorological Organization</a> (<a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">UN</a>),<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Agencia_Estatal_de_Meteorolog%C3%ADa" class="mw-redirect" title="Agencia Estatal de Meteorología">Agencia Estatal de Meteorología</a><sup id="cite_ref-aemet.es_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aemet.es-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for <a href="/wiki/San_Crist%C3%B3bal_de_La_Laguna" title="San Cristóbal de La Laguna">San Cristóbal de La Laguna</a> (1981–2010) 632 m – <a href="/wiki/Tenerife_North_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Tenerife North Airport">Tenerife North Airport</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFAF60; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.0<br />(60.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFAA56; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.7<br />(62.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFA042; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.2<br />(64.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF9E3E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.5<br />(65.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF9327; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.1<br />(68.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF850B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.2<br />(72.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF7300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.7<br />(76.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF6C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.7<br />(78.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF7200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.9<br />(76.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF8206; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.5<br />(72.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF962D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.7<br />(67.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFA851; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.1<br />(62.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF9022; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">20.5<br />(68.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFC388; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.1<br />(55.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFC184; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.4<br />(56.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFBA75; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.5<br />(58.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFB872; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.7<br />(58.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFAF5F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.1<br />(61.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFA143; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.1<br />(64.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF9226; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.2<br />(68.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF8B18; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.2<br />(70.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF8F1F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.7<br />(69.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF9B38; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.9<br />(66.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFAC59; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.5<br />(61.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFBB77; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.3<br />(57.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFAA55; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">16.8<br />(62.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFD7B0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.2<br />(50.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFD9B3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.0<br />(50.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFD4A9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.7<br />(51.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFD2A6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.9<br />(51.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFCB97; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.0<br />(53.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFBD7C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.0<br />(57.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFB164; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.7<br />(60.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFAB58; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.6<br />(61.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFAC59; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.5<br />(61.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFB56B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.2<br />(59.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFC285; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.3<br />(55.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFCE9E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.5<br />(52.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFC489; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">13.0<br />(55.4) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainfall mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #8787FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">80<br />(3.1) </td> <td style="background: #8C8CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">70<br />(2.8) </td> <td style="background: #A4A4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">61<br />(2.4) </td> <td style="background: #C2C2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">39<br />(1.5) </td> <td style="background: #E2E2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19<br />(0.7) </td> <td style="background: #EEEEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11<br />(0.4) </td> <td style="background: #F6F6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6<br />(0.2) </td> <td style="background: #F7F7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5<br />(0.2) </td> <td style="background: #E6E6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16<br />(0.6) </td> <td style="background: #B8B8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">47<br />(1.9) </td> <td style="background: #8282FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">81<br />(3.2) </td> <td style="background: #8484FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">82<br />(3.2) </td> <td style="background: #BDBDFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">517<br />(20.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainy days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 1.0 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #7777FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11 </td> <td style="background: #7777FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10 </td> <td style="background: #8383FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10 </td> <td style="background: #7F7FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10 </td> <td style="background: #A8A8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7 </td> <td style="background: #CCCCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4 </td> <td style="background: #D9D9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3 </td> <td style="background: #D9D9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3 </td> <td style="background: #BFBFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5 </td> <td style="background: #8383FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10 </td> <td style="background: #7F7FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10 </td> <td style="background: #6A6AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12 </td> <td style="background: #9B9BFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">95 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #C4C40D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">150 </td> <td style="background: #D3D300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">168 </td> <td style="background: #D4D400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">188 </td> <td style="background: #D9D900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">203 </td> <td style="background: #DFDF00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">234 </td> <td style="background: #E1E100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">237 </td> <td style="background: #E5E500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">262 </td> <td style="background: #E7E700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">269 </td> <td style="background: #DCDC00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">213 </td> <td style="background: #D6D600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">194 </td> <td style="background: #C8C800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">155 </td> <td style="background: #BEBE31; color:#000000;" class="notheme">137 </td> <td style="background: #D8D800; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">2,410 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: <a href="/wiki/Agencia_Estatal_de_Meteorolog%C3%ADa" class="mw-redirect" title="Agencia Estatal de Meteorología">Agencia Estatal de Meteorología</a><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for <a href="/wiki/Tenerife_South_Airport" title="Tenerife South Airport">Tenerife South Airport</a> 64m (1981–2010) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF8811; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.7<br />(71.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF860D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.0<br />(71.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF7E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.1<br />(73.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF7E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.1<br />(73.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF7900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.9<br />(75.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF6E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.4<br />(77.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF5F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.7<br />(81.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF5A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.4<br />(83.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF5D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.9<br />(82.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF6500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.8<br />(80.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF7300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.8<br />(76.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF8002; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.8<br />(73.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF7300; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">24.8<br />(76.6) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF9F3F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.4<br />(65.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF9E3E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.5<br />(65.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF9932; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.3<br />(66.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF9730; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.5<br />(67.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF9123; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.4<br />(68.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF850C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.1<br />(71.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF7800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.0<br />(75.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF7300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.7<br />(76.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF7500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.5<br />(76.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF7C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.4<br />(74.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF8914; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.5<br />(70.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF962D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.7<br />(67.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF8A16; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">21.4<br />(70.5) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFB56B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.2<br />(59.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFB66E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.0<br />(59.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFB266; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.6<br />(60.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFAF60; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.0<br />(60.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFA852; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.0<br />(62.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF9C39; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.8<br />(65.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF9226; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.2<br />(68.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF8C1A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.1<br />(70.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF8C1A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.1<br />(70.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF9429; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.0<br />(68.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFA042; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.2<br />(64.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFAC59; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.5<br />(61.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFA246; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">17.9<br />(64.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainfall mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #E6E6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.6<br />(0.65) </td> <td style="background: #DEDEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.9<br />(0.78) </td> <td style="background: #E9E9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.7<br />(0.58) </td> <td style="background: #F3F3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.4<br />(0.29) </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.1<br />(0.04) </td> <td style="background: #FEFEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.1<br />(0.00) </td> <td style="background: #FEFEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.1<br />(0.00) </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.3<br />(0.05) </td> <td style="background: #F9F9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.6<br />(0.14) </td> <td style="background: #EDEDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.9<br />(0.47) </td> <td style="background: #D6D6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.3<br />(1.04) </td> <td style="background: #D1D1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.3<br />(1.19) </td> <td style="background: #EEEEFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">133.3<br />(5.23) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainy days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 1.0 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #E8E8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.8 </td> <td style="background: #E1E1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.2 </td> <td style="background: #E7E7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.9 </td> <td style="background: #F0F0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.1 </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.3 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.2 </td> <td style="background: #F7F7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.6 </td> <td style="background: #EBEBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.6 </td> <td style="background: #E6E6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.9 </td> <td style="background: #D3D3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.5 </td> <td style="background: #EFEFFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">15.1 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #D6D600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">193 </td> <td style="background: #DADA00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">195 </td> <td style="background: #DDDD00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">226 </td> <td style="background: #DDDD00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">219 </td> <td style="background: #E2E200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">246 </td> <td style="background: #E7E700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">259 </td> <td style="background: #EDED08; color:#000000;" class="notheme">295 </td> <td style="background: #E9E900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">277 </td> <td style="background: #DCDC00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">213 </td> <td style="background: #DADA00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">214 </td> <td style="background: #D7D700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">193 </td> <td style="background: #D6D600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">195 </td> <td style="background: #DEDE00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">2,725 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: <a href="/wiki/Agencia_Estatal_de_Meteorolog%C3%ADa" class="mw-redirect" title="Agencia Estatal de Meteorología">Agencia Estatal de Meteorología</a><sup id="cite_ref-aemet.es_41-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aemet.es-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for <a href="/wiki/La_Palma_Airport" title="La Palma Airport">La Palma Airport</a> 33m (1981–2010) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF9021; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.6<br />(69.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF8F1F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.7<br />(69.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF8B18; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.2<br />(70.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF8913; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.6<br />(70.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF8205; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.6<br />(72.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF7700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.1<br />(75.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF6E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.5<br />(77.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF6800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.3<br />(79.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF6600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.6<br />(79.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF6E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.5<br />(77.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF7C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.5<br />(74.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF8710; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.8<br />(71.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF7D00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">23.3<br />(74.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFA143; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.1<br />(64.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFA144; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.0<br />(64.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF9E3E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.5<br />(65.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF9B38; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.9<br />(66.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF9429; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.0<br />(68.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF8811; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.7<br />(71.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF7E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.1<br />(73.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF7900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.9<br />(75.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF7800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.0<br />(75.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF8002; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.8<br />(73.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF8D1C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.9<br />(69.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF9932; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.3<br />(66.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF8E1E; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">20.8<br />(69.4) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFB367; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.5<br />(59.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFB46A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.3<br />(59.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFB164; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.7<br />(60.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFAE5D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.2<br />(61.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFA64D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.4<br />(63.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF9934; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.2<br />(66.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF8F1F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.7<br />(69.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF8A16; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.4<br />(70.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF8B17; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.3<br />(70.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF9226; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.2<br />(68.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF9F40; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.3<br />(64.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFAA56; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.7<br />(62.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFA042; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">18.2<br />(64.7) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainfall mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #B5B5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">49<br />(1.9) </td> <td style="background: #A1A1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">57<br />(2.2) </td> <td style="background: #CDCDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33<br />(1.3) </td> <td style="background: #E1E1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19<br />(0.7) </td> <td style="background: #F4F4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7<br />(0.3) </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2<br />(0.1) </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #ECECFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12<br />(0.5) </td> <td style="background: #C1C1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">41<br />(1.6) </td> <td style="background: #9393FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">70<br />(2.8) </td> <td style="background: #8787FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">80<br />(3.1) </td> <td style="background: #CFCFFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">372<br />(14.5) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainy days </th> <td style="background: #C1C1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5 </td> <td style="background: #C8C8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4 </td> <td style="background: #CDCDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4 </td> <td style="background: #D8D8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3 </td> <td style="background: #F2F2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 </td> <td style="background: #E5E5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2 </td> <td style="background: #C1C1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5 </td> <td style="background: #A5A5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7 </td> <td style="background: #9C9CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8 </td> <td style="background: #D5D5FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">40 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #BFBF26; color:#000000;" class="notheme">141 </td> <td style="background: #C8C800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">146 </td> <td style="background: #D0D000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">177 </td> <td style="background: #D1D100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">174 </td> <td style="background: #D5D500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">192 </td> <td style="background: #D6D600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">188 </td> <td style="background: #DCDC00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">222 </td> <td style="background: #D9D900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">209 </td> <td style="background: #D6D600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">187 </td> <td style="background: #CFCF00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">175 </td> <td style="background: #C1C11C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">140 </td> <td style="background: #BEBE2E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">138 </td> <td style="background: #D1D100; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">2,106 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: <a href="/wiki/Agencia_Estatal_de_Meteorolog%C3%ADa" class="mw-redirect" title="Agencia Estatal de Meteorología">Agencia Estatal de Meteorología</a><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Geology">Geology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Geology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Parque_nacional_de_Garajonay_-_bosque_de_laurel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Parque_nacional_de_Garajonay_-_bosque_de_laurel.jpg/220px-Parque_nacional_de_Garajonay_-_bosque_de_laurel.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Parque_nacional_de_Garajonay_-_bosque_de_laurel.jpg/330px-Parque_nacional_de_Garajonay_-_bosque_de_laurel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Parque_nacional_de_Garajonay_-_bosque_de_laurel.jpg/440px-Parque_nacional_de_Garajonay_-_bosque_de_laurel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5456" data-file-height="3632" /></a><figcaption>A humid <a href="/wiki/Laurel_forest" title="Laurel forest">laurel forest</a> in <a href="/wiki/La_Gomera" title="La Gomera">La Gomera</a></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Geology_of_the_Canary_Islands" title="Geology of the Canary Islands">Geology of the Canary Islands</a></div> <p>The seven major islands, one minor island, and several small islets were originally volcanic islands, formed by the <a href="/wiki/Canary_hotspot" title="Canary hotspot">Canary hotspot</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Canary Islands is the only place in Spain where <a href="/wiki/Volcanic_eruption" class="mw-redirect" title="Volcanic eruption">volcanic eruptions</a> have been recorded during the <a href="/wiki/Modern_Era" class="mw-redirect" title="Modern Era">Modern Era</a>, with some volcanoes still active (El Hierro, 2011).<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Volcanic islands such as those in the Canary chain often have steep ocean cliffs caused by catastrophic debris avalanches and <a href="/wiki/Landslide" title="Landslide">landslides</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The island chain's most recent eruption occurred at <a href="/wiki/Cumbre_Vieja" title="Cumbre Vieja">Cumbre Vieja</a>, a volcanic ridge on La Palma, <a href="/wiki/2021_Cumbre_Vieja_volcanic_eruption" title="2021 Cumbre Vieja volcanic eruption">in 2021</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Teide" title="Teide">Teide</a> <a href="/wiki/Volcano" title="Volcano">volcano</a> on Tenerife is the highest mountain in Spain, and the third tallest volcano on Earth on a volcanic ocean island.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All the islands except La Gomera have been active in the last million years. Four of them, Lanzarote, Tenerife, La Palma and El Hierro, have historical records of eruptions since European discovery.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The islands rise from Jurassic <a href="/wiki/Oceanic_crust" title="Oceanic crust">oceanic crust</a> associated with the opening of the Atlantic. Underwater <a href="/wiki/Magmatism" title="Magmatism">magmatism</a> began during the Cretaceous, and continued to the present day. The current islands reached the ocean's surface during the <a href="/wiki/Miocene" title="Miocene">Miocene</a>. The islands were once considered as a distinct physiographic section of the <a href="/wiki/Atlas_Mountains" title="Atlas Mountains">Atlas Mountains</a> province, which is part of the larger African Alpine System division, but are now recognized as being related to a magmatic hot spot.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the summer of 2011, a series of low-magnitude earthquakes occurred beneath El Hierro. These had a linear trend of northeast–southwest. In October a submarine eruption occurred about <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style>2 km (<span class="frac">1<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">4</span></span> mi) south of Restinga. This eruption produced gases and pumice, but no explosive activity was reported.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The following table shows the highest mountains in each of the islands: </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:National_Park_de_Tiede,_Tenerife,_Canary_Islands,_Spain_-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/National_Park_de_Tiede%2C_Tenerife%2C_Canary_Islands%2C_Spain_-_panoramio.jpg/220px-National_Park_de_Tiede%2C_Tenerife%2C_Canary_Islands%2C_Spain_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/National_Park_de_Tiede%2C_Tenerife%2C_Canary_Islands%2C_Spain_-_panoramio.jpg/330px-National_Park_de_Tiede%2C_Tenerife%2C_Canary_Islands%2C_Spain_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/National_Park_de_Tiede%2C_Tenerife%2C_Canary_Islands%2C_Spain_-_panoramio.jpg/440px-National_Park_de_Tiede%2C_Tenerife%2C_Canary_Islands%2C_Spain_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4288" data-file-height="2848" /></a><figcaption>Mount <a href="/wiki/Teide" title="Teide">Teide</a>, the highest mountain in Spain at 3,715 metres (12,188 feet), is one of the most visited <a href="/wiki/National_Park" class="mw-redirect" title="National Park">National Parks</a> in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-diariodeavisos.com_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-diariodeavisos.com-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sanborondon.info_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sanborondon.info-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr align="left"> <th rowspan="2">Mountain </th> <th colspan="2">Elevation </th> <th rowspan="2">Island </th></tr> <tr> <th>m </th> <th>ft </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Teide" title="Teide">Teide</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">3,715 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">12,188 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife">Tenerife</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Roque_de_los_Muchachos" title="Roque de los Muchachos">Roque de los Muchachos</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,426 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">7,959 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/La_Palma" title="La Palma">La Palma</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pico_de_las_Nieves" title="Pico de las Nieves">Pico de las Nieves</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,949 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">6,394 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gran_Canaria" title="Gran Canaria">Gran Canaria</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pico_de_Malpaso" title="Pico de Malpaso">Pico de Malpaso</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,501 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4,925 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/El_Hierro" title="El Hierro">El Hierro</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Garajonay" class="mw-redirect" title="Garajonay">Garajonay</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">1,487 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">4,879 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/La_Gomera" title="La Gomera">La Gomera</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Pico de la Zarza </td> <td style="text-align:right;">812 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,664 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fuerteventura" title="Fuerteventura">Fuerteventura</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Peñas del Chache </td> <td style="text-align:right;">670 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">2,200 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lanzarote" title="Lanzarote">Lanzarote</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Aguja Grande </td> <td style="text-align:right;">266 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">873 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/La_Graciosa" class="mw-redirect" title="La Graciosa">La Graciosa</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Caldera de Alegranza </td> <td style="text-align:right;">289 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">948 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alegranza" title="Alegranza">Alegranza</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Caldera de Lobos </td> <td style="text-align:right;">126 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">413 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Islote_de_Lobos" class="mw-redirect" title="Islote de Lobos">Lobos</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>La Mariana </td> <td style="text-align:right;">256 </td> <td style="text-align:right;">840 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Monta%C3%B1a_Clara" title="Montaña Clara">Montaña Clara</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Natural_symbols">Natural symbols</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Natural symbols"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_animal_and_plant_symbols_of_the_Canary_Islands" title="List of animal and plant symbols of the Canary Islands">List of animal and plant symbols of the Canary Islands</a></div> <p>The official natural symbols associated with Canary Islands are the bird <i><a href="/wiki/Serinus_canaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Serinus canaria">Serinus canaria</a></i> (canary) and the <i><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_canariensis" title="Phoenix canariensis">Phoenix canariensis</a></i> palm.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Phoenix_canariensis_ag.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Phoenix canariensis"><img alt="Phoenix canariensis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Phoenix_canariensis_ag.JPG/90px-Phoenix_canariensis_ag.JPG" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Phoenix_canariensis_ag.JPG/135px-Phoenix_canariensis_ag.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Phoenix_canariensis_ag.JPG/180px-Phoenix_canariensis_ag.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="2560" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_canariensis" title="Phoenix canariensis">Phoenix canariensis</a></i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Serinus_canaria_LC0210.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Serinus canaria"><img alt="Serinus canaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Serinus_canaria_LC0210.jpg/120px-Serinus_canaria_LC0210.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Serinus_canaria_LC0210.jpg/180px-Serinus_canaria_LC0210.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Serinus_canaria_LC0210.jpg/240px-Serinus_canaria_LC0210.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1535" data-file-height="1100" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Serinus_canaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Serinus canaria">Serinus canaria</a></i></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="National_parks">National parks</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: National parks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Caldera_de_Taburiente_La_Palma.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Caldera_de_Taburiente_La_Palma.jpg/220px-Caldera_de_Taburiente_La_Palma.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Caldera_de_Taburiente_La_Palma.jpg/330px-Caldera_de_Taburiente_La_Palma.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Caldera_de_Taburiente_La_Palma.jpg/440px-Caldera_de_Taburiente_La_Palma.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Caldera_de_Taburiente_National_Park" title="Caldera de Taburiente National Park">Caldera de Taburiente National Park</a> (La Palma)</figcaption></figure> <p>Four of Spain's thirteen national parks are located in the Canary Islands, more than any other autonomous community. Two of these have been declared <a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a> <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Sites" class="mw-redirect" title="World Heritage Sites">World Heritage Sites</a> and the other two are part of <a href="/wiki/Biosphere_Reserves" class="mw-redirect" title="Biosphere Reserves">Biosphere Reserves</a>. The parks are:<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr align="left"> <th class="unsortable">Park</th> <th class="unsortable">Island</th> <th>Area</th> <th>Year of Designation</th> <th class="unsortable">UNESCO Status </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Caldera_de_Taburiente_National_Park" title="Caldera de Taburiente National Park">Caldera de Taburiente National Park</a> </td> <td>La Palma </td> <td>46.9 km<sup>2</sup> (18.1 sq mi) </td> <td>1954 </td> <td>Part of the La Palma Biosphere Reserve since 2002 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Garajonay_National_Park" title="Garajonay National Park">Garajonay National Park</a></td> <td>La Gomera </td> <td>39.86 km<sup>2</sup> (15.39 sq mi) </td> <td>1981 </td> <td>World Heritage Site since 1986 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Teide_National_Park" title="Teide National Park">Teide National Park</a></td> <td>Tenerife </td> <td>189.9 km<sup>2</sup> (73.3 sq mi) </td> <td>1954 </td> <td>World Heritage Site since 2007 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Timanfaya_National_Park" title="Timanfaya National Park">Timanfaya National Park</a></td> <td>Lanzarote </td> <td>51.07 km<sup>2</sup> (19.72 sq mi) </td> <td>1974 </td> <td>Part of the Lanzarote Biosphere Reserve since 1993 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/Teide_National_Park" title="Teide National Park">Teide National Park</a> is the oldest and largest national park in the Canary Islands and one of the oldest in Spain. Located in the geographic centre of the island of Tenerife, it is the most visited national park in Spain. In 2010, it became the most visited national park in Europe and second worldwide.<sup id="cite_ref-diariodeavisos.com_52-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-diariodeavisos.com-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sanborondon.info_53-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sanborondon.info-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The park's highlight is the <a href="/wiki/Teide" title="Teide">Teide</a> volcano. Standing at an altitude of 3,715 metres (12,188 ft),<sup id="cite_ref-IGN_PhysicalMap_2012_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IGN_PhysicalMap_2012-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> it is the highest elevation in Spain and the third largest volcano on Earth from its base. In 2007, the Teide National Park was declared one of the <a href="/wiki/12_Treasures_of_Spain" title="12 Treasures of Spain">12 Treasures of Spain</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Politics">Politics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_Province_of_Las_Palmas.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_Province_of_Las_Palmas.svg/220px-Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_Province_of_Las_Palmas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_Province_of_Las_Palmas.svg/330px-Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_Province_of_Las_Palmas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_Province_of_Las_Palmas.svg/440px-Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_Province_of_Las_Palmas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1475" data-file-height="655" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Las_Palmas" title="Province of Las Palmas">Province of Las Palmas</a> (red)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_Province_of_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_Province_of_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife.svg/220px-Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_Province_of_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_Province_of_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife.svg/330px-Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_Province_of_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_Province_of_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife.svg/440px-Spain_Canary_Islands_location_map_Province_of_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1475" data-file-height="655" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Province of Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Province of Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a> (red)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Las_Palmas_-_Mapa_municipal.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Las_Palmas_-_Mapa_municipal.svg/220px-Las_Palmas_-_Mapa_municipal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Las_Palmas_-_Mapa_municipal.svg/330px-Las_Palmas_-_Mapa_municipal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Las_Palmas_-_Mapa_municipal.svg/440px-Las_Palmas_-_Mapa_municipal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="778" data-file-height="413" /></a><figcaption>Municipalities in the Las Palmas Province</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife_-_Mapa_municipal.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife_-_Mapa_municipal.svg/220px-Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife_-_Mapa_municipal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife_-_Mapa_municipal.svg/330px-Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife_-_Mapa_municipal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife_-_Mapa_municipal.svg/440px-Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife_-_Mapa_municipal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="778" data-file-height="413" /></a><figcaption>Municipalities in the Santa Cruz de Tenerife Province</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Governance">Governance</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Governance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The regional executive body, the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_Canary_Islands" title="Parliament of the Canary Islands">Parliament of the Canary Islands</a>, is presided over by <a href="/wiki/Fernando_Clavijo_Batlle" title="Fernando Clavijo Batlle">Fernando Clavijo Batlle</a> (<a href="/wiki/Canarian_Coalition" title="Canarian Coalition">Canarian Coalition</a>), the current <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_Canary_Islands" title="President of the Canary Islands">President of the Canary Islands</a>. The members of the regional legislature, the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_Canary_Islands" title="Parliament of the Canary Islands">Parliament of the Canary Islands</a>, has 70 elected legislators. The <a href="/wiki/2023_Canarian_regional_election" title="2023 Canarian regional election">last regional election</a> took place in May 2023. </p><p>The islands have 14 seats in the <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Spain" title="Senate of Spain">Spanish Senate</a>. Of these, 11 seats are directly elected, 3 for Gran Canaria, 3 for Tenerife, and 1 each for Lanzarote (including La Graciosa), Fuerteventura, La Palma, La Gomera and El Hierro. The other 3 are appointed by the regional legislature.<sup id="cite_ref-compsenado_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-compsenado-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Political_geography">Political geography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Political geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <b>Autonomous Community of the Canary Islands</b> has two <a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Spain" title="Provinces of Spain">provinces</a> (<span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">provincias</i></span>), <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Las_Palmas" title="Province of Las Palmas">Las Palmas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Province of Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a>, whose capitals, <a href="/wiki/Las_Palmas_de_Gran_Canaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Las Palmas de Gran Canaria">Las Palmas de Gran Canaria</a> and <a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a>, are capitals of the autonomous community. Each of the seven major islands are ruled by an island council named a <i>Cabildo Insular</i>. Each island is subdivided into smaller <a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Spain" title="Municipalities of Spain">municipalities</a> (<i>municipios</i>). <a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Las_Palmas" title="List of municipalities in Las Palmas">Las Palmas is divided into 34 municipalities</a>, and <a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="List of municipalities in Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Santa Cruz de Tenerife is divided into 54 municipalities</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The international boundary of the Canaries is disputed in <a href="/wiki/Morocco%E2%80%93Spain_relations" title="Morocco–Spain relations">Morocco-Spain relations</a>. In 2022 the UN declared the Canary Island's territorial waters as being Moroccan coast and Morocco has authorised <a href="/wiki/Hydrocarbon_exploration" title="Hydrocarbon exploration">gas and oil exploration</a> in what the Canary Islands states to be Canarian territorial waters and <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Sahara" title="Spanish Sahara">Western Sahara</a> waters.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Morocco's official position is that international laws regarding territorial limits do not authorise Spain to claim seabed boundaries based on the territory of the Canaries, since the Canary Islands enjoy a large degree of autonomy. In fact, the islands do not enjoy any special degree of autonomy, as each one of the Spanish regions is considered an <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_community" class="mw-redirect" title="Autonomous community">autonomous community</a>, with equal status to the European ones. Under the <a href="/wiki/Law_of_the_Sea" class="mw-redirect" title="Law of the Sea">Law of the Sea</a>, the only islands not granted territorial waters or an <a href="/wiki/Exclusive_economic_zone" title="Exclusive economic zone">exclusive economic zone</a> (EEZ) are those that are not fit for human habitation, or do not have an economic life of their own, which is not the case of the Canary Islands.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Canarian_nationalism">Canarian nationalism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Canarian nationalism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Canarian_nationalism" title="Canarian nationalism">Canarian nationalism</a></div> <p>There are some pro-independence political parties, like the <a href="/wiki/National_Congress_of_the_Canaries" title="National Congress of the Canaries">National Congress of the Canaries</a> (CNC) and the <a href="/wiki/Popular_Front_of_the_Canary_Islands" title="Popular Front of the Canary Islands">Popular Front of the Canary Islands</a>. Their popular support is almost insignificant, with no presence in either the autonomous parliament or the <i>cabildos insulares</i>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> In a 2012 study by the <a href="/wiki/Centro_de_Investigaciones_Sociol%C3%B3gicas" title="Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas">Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas</a>, when asked about national identity, the majority of respondents from the Canary Islands (53.8%) considered themselves Spanish and Canarian in equal measures, followed by 24% who consider themselves more Canarian than Spanish. 6.1% of the respondents considered themselves only Canarian, and 7% considered themselves only Spanish.<sup id="cite_ref-cis2956_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cis2956-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Defense">Defense</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Defense"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Military_of_the_Canary_Islands" title="Military of the Canary Islands">Military of the Canary Islands</a></div> <p>The defense of the territory is the responsibility of the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Armed_Forces" title="Spanish Armed Forces">Spanish Armed Forces</a>. Components of the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Army" title="Spanish Army">Army</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Navy" title="Spanish Navy">Navy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Air_and_Space_Force" title="Spanish Air and Space Force">Air Force</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Civil_Guard" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish Civil Guard">Civil Guard</a> are based in the territory. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ancient_and_pre-Hispanic_times">Ancient and pre-Hispanic times</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Ancient and pre-Hispanic times"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Canary_Islands_in_pre-colonial_times" title="Canary Islands in pre-colonial times">Canary Islands in pre-colonial times</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MNH_-_Mumie_Frau_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/MNH_-_Mumie_Frau_1.jpg/220px-MNH_-_Mumie_Frau_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/MNH_-_Mumie_Frau_1.jpg/330px-MNH_-_Mumie_Frau_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/MNH_-_Mumie_Frau_1.jpg/440px-MNH_-_Mumie_Frau_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Guanche_mummies" title="Guanche mummies">Guanche mummy</a> of a woman (830 AD). <a href="/wiki/Museo_de_la_Naturaleza_y_el_Hombre" class="mw-redirect" title="Museo de la Naturaleza y el Hombre">Museo de la Naturaleza y el Hombre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Before the arrival of humans, the Canaries were inhabited by prehistoric animals including the giant lizard (<i><a href="/wiki/Gallotia_goliath" title="Gallotia goliath">Gallotia goliath</a></i>), the <a href="/wiki/Tenerife_giant_rat" title="Tenerife giant rat">Tenerife</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gran_Canaria_giant_rat" title="Gran Canaria giant rat">Gran Canaria giant rats</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and giant tortoises, <i><a href="/wiki/Geochelone_burchardi" class="mw-redirect" title="Geochelone burchardi">Geochelone burchardi</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Geochelone_vulcanica" class="mw-redirect" title="Geochelone vulcanica">Geochelone vulcanica</a></i>. </p><p>Although the original settlement of what are now called the Canary Islands is not entirely clear, linguistic, genetic, and archaeological analyses indicate that <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples" title="Indigenous peoples">indigenous</a> peoples were living on the Canary Islands at least 2,000 years ago, possibly 3,000, and that they shared a common origin with the <a href="/wiki/Berbers" title="Berbers">Berbers</a> on the nearby North African coast.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Reaching the islands may have taken place using several small boats, landing on the easternmost islands Lanzarote and Fuerteventura. These groups came to be known collectively as the <a href="/wiki/Guanches" title="Guanches">Guanches</a>, although <i>Guanches</i> had been the name for only the indigenous inhabitants of Tenerife.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to a 2024 study by the University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, there is archaeological evidence that the Romans were the first to colonise the islands, during the period from the 1st century <a href="/wiki/Common_Era" title="Common Era">BCE</a> to the 1st century CE. There was no overlap with the occupation by the people who were inhabiting the islands at the time of the Spanish conquest, who had first arrived sometime between the 1st and 3rd centuries CE.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:LomodelosGatos.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/LomodelosGatos.jpg/220px-LomodelosGatos.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/LomodelosGatos.jpg/330px-LomodelosGatos.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/LomodelosGatos.jpg/440px-LomodelosGatos.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3024" data-file-height="4032" /></a><figcaption>A selection of artefacts unearthed from the Lomo de los Gatos site on Gran Canaria</figcaption></figure> <p>As José Farrujia describes, 'The indigenous Canarians lived mainly in natural caves, usually near the coast, 300 to 500 metres (1,000 to 1,600 ft) above sea level. These caves were sometimes isolated but more commonly formed settlements, with burial caves nearby'.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Archaeological work has uncovered a rich culture visible through artefacts of <a href="/wiki/Ceramic" title="Ceramic">ceramics</a>, human figures, fishing, hunting and farming tools, plant fibre clothing and vessels, as well as cave paintings. At Lomo de los Gatos on Gran Canaria, a site occupied from 1,600 years ago up until the 1960s, round stone houses, complex burial sites, and associated artefacts have been found.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Across the islands are thousands of <a href="/wiki/Libyco-Berber" class="mw-redirect" title="Libyco-Berber">Libyco-Berber</a> alphabet inscriptions scattered and they have been extensively documented by many linguists.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The social structure of indigenous Canarians encompassed "a system of <a href="/wiki/Matrilineality" title="Matrilineality">matrilineal</a> descent in most of the islands, in which inheritance was passed on via the female line. Social status and wealth were hereditary and determined the individual's position in the social pyramid, which consisted of the king, the relatives of the king, the lower nobility, villeins, plebeians, and finally executioners, butchers, embalmers, and prisoners". Their religion was <a href="/wiki/Animism" title="Animism">animist</a>, centring on the sun and moon, as well as natural features such as mountains.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_71-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Exploration">Exploration</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Exploration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The islands may have been visited by the <a href="/wiki/Phoenicia" title="Phoenicia">Phoenicians</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Greeks" title="Greeks">Greeks</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Carthage" title="Ancient Carthage">Carthaginians</a>. King <a href="/wiki/Juba_II" title="Juba II">Juba II</a>, Caesar <a href="/wiki/Augustus" title="Augustus">Augustus</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Numidia" title="Numidia">Numidian</a> protégé, is credited with discovering the islands for the Western world. According to <a href="/wiki/Pliny_the_Elder" title="Pliny the Elder">Pliny the Elder</a>, Juba found the islands uninhabited, but found "a small temple of stone" and "some traces of buildings".<sup id="cite_ref-Pliny_the_Elder_(77-79_AD)_75-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pliny_the_Elder_(77-79_AD)-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Juba dispatched a naval contingent to re-open the dye production facility at <a href="/wiki/Essaouira" title="Essaouira">Mogador</a> in what is now western Morocco in the early first century <a href="/wiki/AD" class="mw-redirect" title="AD">AD</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> That same naval force was subsequently sent on an exploration of the Canary Islands, using Mogador as their mission base.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The names given by Romans to the individual islands were <i>Ninguaria</i> or <i>Nivaria</i> (Tenerife), <i>Canaria</i> (Gran Canaria), <i>Pluvialia</i> or <i>Invale</i> (Lanzarote), <i>Ombrion</i> (La Palma), <i>Planasia</i> (Fuerteventura), <i>Iunonia</i> or <i>Junonia</i> (El Hierro) and <i>Capraria</i> (La Gomera).<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From the 14th century onward, numerous visits were made by sailors from <a href="/wiki/Majorca" class="mw-redirect" title="Majorca">Majorca</a>, <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Genoa" title="Genoa">Genoa</a>. <a href="/wiki/Lancelotto_Malocello" title="Lancelotto Malocello">Lancelotto Malocello</a> settled on Lanzarote in 1312. The Majorcans established a <a href="/wiki/Missionary" title="Missionary">mission</a> with a bishop in the islands that lasted from 1350 to 1400. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pueblochico_guanches_A.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Pueblochico_guanches_A.jpg/220px-Pueblochico_guanches_A.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Pueblochico_guanches_A.jpg/330px-Pueblochico_guanches_A.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Pueblochico_guanches_A.jpg/440px-Pueblochico_guanches_A.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>Reconstruction of a <a href="/wiki/Guanches" title="Guanches">Guanche</a> settlement of Tenerife</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Castilian_conquest">Castilian conquest</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Castilian conquest"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_the_Canary_Islands" title="Conquest of the Canary Islands">Conquest of the Canary Islands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Canary_Islands" title="Kingdom of the Canary Islands">Kingdom of the Canary Islands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crown_of_Castile" title="Crown of Castile">Crown of Castile</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Portugal" title="Kingdom of Portugal">Kingdom of Portugal</a></div> <p>In 1402, the Castilian colonisation of the islands began with the expedition of the French explorers <a href="/wiki/Jean_de_B%C3%A9thencourt" title="Jean de Béthencourt">Jean de Béthencourt</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gadifer_de_la_Salle" title="Gadifer de la Salle">Gadifer de la Salle</a>, nobles and <a href="/wiki/Vassal" title="Vassal">vassals</a> of <a href="/wiki/Henry_III_of_Castile" title="Henry III of Castile">Henry III of Castile</a>, to Lanzarote. From there, they went on to conquer Fuerteventura (1405) and El Hierro. These invasions were "brutal cultural and military clashes between the indigenous population and the Castilians" lasting over a century due to formidable resistance by indigenous Canarians.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_66-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Professor <a href="/wiki/Mohamed_Adhikari" title="Mohamed Adhikari">Mohamed Adhikari</a> has defined the conquest of the islands as a <a href="/wiki/Genocide" title="Genocide">genocide</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Guanches" title="Guanches">Guanches</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Béthencourt received the title King of the Canary Islands, but still recognised King Henry III as his overlord. It was not a simple military enterprise, given the aboriginal resistance on some islands. Neither was it politically, since the particular interests of the nobility (determined to strengthen their economic and political power through the acquisition of the islands) conflicted with those of the states, particularly Castile, which were in the midst of territorial expansion and in a process of strengthening of the crown against the nobility.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (August 2024)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:AlonsoFernandezdeLugo2.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/AlonsoFernandezdeLugo2.JPG/280px-AlonsoFernandezdeLugo2.JPG" decoding="async" width="280" height="181" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/AlonsoFernandezdeLugo2.JPG/420px-AlonsoFernandezdeLugo2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8d/AlonsoFernandezdeLugo2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="557" data-file-height="361" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Alonso_Fern%C3%A1ndez_de_Lugo" title="Alonso Fernández de Lugo">Alonso Fernández de Lugo</a> presenting the captured native Guanche kings of <a href="/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife">Tenerife</a> to the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Monarchs" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic Monarchs">Catholic Monarchs</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Historians distinguish two periods in the conquest of the Canary Islands: </p><p><b>Aristocratic conquest</b> (<span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">conquista señorial</i></span>): This refers to the early conquests carried out by the nobility, for their own benefit and without the direct participation of the Crown of Castile, which merely granted rights of conquest in exchange for pacts of vassalage between the noble conqueror and the Crown. One can identify within this period an early phase known as the Betancurian or Norman conquest, carried out by <a href="/wiki/Jean_de_Bethencourt" class="mw-redirect" title="Jean de Bethencourt">Jean de Bethencourt</a> (who was originally from Normandy) and <a href="/wiki/Gadifer_de_la_Salle" title="Gadifer de la Salle">Gadifer de la Salle</a> between 1402 and 1405, which involved the islands of <a href="/wiki/Lanzarote" title="Lanzarote">Lanzarote</a>, <a href="/wiki/El_Hierro" title="El Hierro">El Hierro</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Fuerteventura" title="Fuerteventura">Fuerteventura</a>. The subsequent phase is known as the Castilian conquest, carried out by Castilian nobles who acquired, through purchases, assignments and marriages, the previously conquered islands and also incorporated the island of <a href="/wiki/La_Gomera" title="La Gomera">La Gomera</a> around 1450. </p><p><b>Royal conquest</b> (<span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es">conquista realenga</i></span>): This defines the conquest between 1478 and 1496, carried out directly by the Crown of Castile, during the reign of the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Monarchs" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic Monarchs">Catholic Monarchs</a>, who armed and partly financed the conquest of those islands which were still unconquered: <a href="/wiki/Gran_Canaria" title="Gran Canaria">Gran Canaria</a>, <a href="/wiki/La_Palma" title="La Palma">La Palma</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife">Tenerife</a>. This phase of the conquest came to an end in the year 1496, with the dominion of the island of Tenerife, bringing the entire Canarian Archipelago under the control of the Crown of Castile. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Columbus_House-Vegueta-Las_Palmas_Gran_Canaria.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Columbus_House-Vegueta-Las_Palmas_Gran_Canaria.jpg/220px-Columbus_House-Vegueta-Las_Palmas_Gran_Canaria.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Columbus_House-Vegueta-Las_Palmas_Gran_Canaria.jpg/330px-Columbus_House-Vegueta-Las_Palmas_Gran_Canaria.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Columbus_House-Vegueta-Las_Palmas_Gran_Canaria.jpg/440px-Columbus_House-Vegueta-Las_Palmas_Gran_Canaria.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption>Casa de Colón (Las Palmas de Gran Canaria), which Christopher Columbus visited during his first trip</figcaption></figure> <p>Béthencourt also established a base on the island of La Gomera, but it would be many years before the island was fully conquered. The natives of La Gomera, and of Gran Canaria, Tenerife, and La Palma, resisted the Castilian invaders for almost a century. In 1448, Maciot de Béthencourt sold the lordship of Lanzarote to Portugal's Prince <a href="/wiki/Henry_the_Navigator" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry the Navigator">Henry the Navigator</a>, an action that was accepted by neither the natives nor the Castilians. Despite <a href="/wiki/Pope_Nicholas_V#cite_ref-8" title="Pope Nicholas V">Pope Nicholas V</a> ruling that the Canary Islands were under Portuguese control, the crisis swelled to a revolt which lasted until 1459 with the final expulsion of the Portuguese. In 1479, Portugal and Castile signed the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Alc%C3%A1%C3%A7ovas" title="Treaty of Alcáçovas">Treaty of Alcáçovas</a>, which settled disputes between Castile and Portugal over the control of the Atlantic. This treaty recognized Castilian control of the Canary Islands but also confirmed Portuguese possession of the <a href="/wiki/Azores" title="Azores">Azores</a>, <a href="/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira">Madeira</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Cape_Verde" title="Cape Verde">Cape Verde islands</a>, and gave the Portuguese rights to any further islands or lands in the Atlantic that might be discovered. </p><p>The Castilians continued to dominate the islands, but due to the topography and the resistance of the native Guanches, they did not achieve complete control until 1496, when Tenerife and La Palma were finally subdued by <a href="/wiki/Alonso_Fern%C3%A1ndez_de_Lugo" title="Alonso Fernández de Lugo">Alonso Fernández de Lugo</a>. As a result of this "the native pre-Hispanic population declined quickly due to war, epidemics, and slavery".<sup id="cite_ref-:5_81-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Canaries were incorporated into the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Castile" title="Kingdom of Castile">Kingdom of Castile</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="After_the_conquest_and_the_introduction_of_slavery">After the conquest and the introduction of slavery</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: After the conquest and the introduction of slavery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Canary_Islands_map_by_William_Dampier_1699_-_Project_Gutenberg_eText_15675.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Canary_Islands_map_by_William_Dampier_1699_-_Project_Gutenberg_eText_15675.jpg/170px-Canary_Islands_map_by_William_Dampier_1699_-_Project_Gutenberg_eText_15675.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="249" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Canary_Islands_map_by_William_Dampier_1699_-_Project_Gutenberg_eText_15675.jpg/255px-Canary_Islands_map_by_William_Dampier_1699_-_Project_Gutenberg_eText_15675.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Canary_Islands_map_by_William_Dampier_1699_-_Project_Gutenberg_eText_15675.jpg/340px-Canary_Islands_map_by_William_Dampier_1699_-_Project_Gutenberg_eText_15675.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="732" /></a><figcaption>Maps of the Canary Islands drawn by <a href="/wiki/William_Dampier" title="William Dampier">William Dampier</a> during his voyage to <a href="/wiki/Dutch_West_India_Company" title="Dutch West India Company">New Holland</a> in 1699</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Realm_of_Canary_Islands.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Realm_of_Canary_Islands.svg/170px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Realm_of_Canary_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="239" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Realm_of_Canary_Islands.svg/255px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Realm_of_Canary_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Realm_of_Canary_Islands.svg/340px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Realm_of_Canary_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="874" data-file-height="1228" /></a><figcaption>Coat of arms of the Castilian and Spanish Realm of Canary Islands</figcaption></figure> <p>After the conquest, the Castilians imposed a new economic model, based on single-crop cultivation: first <a href="/wiki/Sugarcane" title="Sugarcane">sugarcane</a>; then wine, an important item of trade with <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_England" title="Kingdom of England">England</a>. Gran Canaria was conquered by the <a href="/wiki/Crown_of_Castile" title="Crown of Castile">Crown of Castile</a> on 6 March 1480, and Tenerife was conquered in 1496, and each had its own governor. There has been speculation that the abundance of <i><a href="/wiki/Roccella_tinctoria" title="Roccella tinctoria">Roccella tinctoria</a></i> on the Canary Islands offered a profit motive for <a href="/wiki/Jean_de_B%C3%A9thencourt" title="Jean de Béthencourt">Jean de Béthencourt</a> during his conquest of the islands. Lichen has been used for centuries to make dyes. This includes royal purple colors derived from <i>R. tinctoria</i>, also known as orseille.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Slave-driving_(Africa,_1878,_p._307).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Slave-driving_%28Africa%2C_1878%2C_p._307%29.jpg/220px-Slave-driving_%28Africa%2C_1878%2C_p._307%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="256" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Slave-driving_%28Africa%2C_1878%2C_p._307%29.jpg/330px-Slave-driving_%28Africa%2C_1878%2C_p._307%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3d/Slave-driving_%28Africa%2C_1878%2C_p._307%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="430" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption>Slave-driving in order to sell into enforced labour</figcaption></figure> <p>The objective of the Spanish Crown to convert the islands into a powerhouse of cultivation required a much larger labour force. This was attained through a brutal practice of enslavement, not only of indigenous Canarians but large numbers of Africans who were forcibly taken from North and Sub-Saharan Africa.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Whilst the first slave plantations in the Atlantic region were across <a href="/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira">Madeira</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cape_Verde" title="Cape Verde">Cape Verde</a>, and the Canary Islands, it was only the Canary Islands which had an indigenous population and were therefore invaded rather than newly occupied.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This agriculture industry was largely based on sugarcane and the Castilians converted large swaths of the landscape for sugarcane production, and the processing and manufacturing of sugar, facilitated by enslaved labourers.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The cities of <a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a> and <a href="/wiki/Las_Palmas_de_Gran_Canaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Las Palmas de Gran Canaria">Las Palmas de Gran Canaria</a> became a stopping point for the Spanish traders, as well as <a href="/wiki/Conquistador" title="Conquistador">conquistadors</a>, and missionaries on their way to the <a href="/wiki/New_World" title="New World">New World</a>. This trade route brought great wealth to the Castilian social sectors of the islands and soon were attracting merchants and adventurers from all over Europe. As the wealth grew, enslaved African workers were also forced into demeaning domestic roles for the rich Castilians on the islands such as servants in their houses.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Research on the skeletons of some of these enslaved workers from the burial site of Finca Clavijo on Gran Canaria have showed that 'all of the adults buried in Finca Clavijo undertook extensive physical activity that involved significant stress on the spine and appendicular skeleton' that result from relentless hard labour, akin to the physical abnormalities found with enslaved peoples from other sugarcane plantations around the world.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_81-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These findings of the physical strain that the enslaved at Finca Clavijo were subjected to in order to provide wealth for the Spanish elite has inspired a poem by British writer <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ralphhoyte.org">Ralph Hoyte</a>, entitled <i>Close to the Bone</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As a result of the huge wealth generated, magnificent palaces and churches were built on La Palma during this busy, prosperous period. The Church of El Salvador survives as one of the island's finest examples of the architecture of the 16th century. Civilian architecture survives in forms such as <a href="/wiki/Casas_de_los_S%C3%A1nchez-Ochando" title="Casas de los Sánchez-Ochando">Casas de los Sánchez-Ochando</a> or <a href="/wiki/Casa_Quintana" title="Casa Quintana">Casa Quintana</a>. </p><p>The Canaries' wealth invited attacks by <a href="/wiki/Pirate" class="mw-redirect" title="Pirate">pirates</a> and <a href="/wiki/Privateer" title="Privateer">privateers</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> <a href="/wiki/Turkish_people" title="Turkish people">Turkish</a> <a href="/wiki/Admiral" title="Admiral">admiral</a> and privateer <a href="/wiki/Kemal_Reis" title="Kemal Reis">Kemal Reis</a> ventured into the Canaries in 1501, while <a href="/wiki/Murat_Reis_the_Elder" title="Murat Reis the Elder">Murat Reis the Elder</a> captured Lanzarote in 1585. </p><p>The most severe attack took place in 1599, during the <a href="/wiki/Dutch_Revolt" class="mw-redirect" title="Dutch Revolt">Dutch Revolt</a>. A <a href="/wiki/Dutch_people" title="Dutch people">Dutch</a> fleet of 74 ships and 12,000 men, commanded by <a href="/wiki/Pieter_van_der_Does" title="Pieter van der Does">Pieter van der Does</a>, attacked the capital Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (the city had 3,500 of Gran Canaria's 8,545 inhabitants). The Dutch attacked the Castillo de la Luz, which guarded the harbor. The Canarians evacuated civilians from the city, and the Castillo surrendered (but not the city). The Dutch moved inland, but Canarian cavalry drove them back to Tamaraceite, near the city. </p><p>The Dutch then laid siege to the city, demanding the surrender of all its wealth. They received 12 sheep and 3 calves. Furious, the Dutch sent 4,000 soldiers to attack the Council of the Canaries, who were sheltering in the village of Santa Brígida. Three hundred Canarian soldiers ambushed the Dutch in the village of Monte Lentiscal, killing 150 and forcing the rest to retreat. The Dutch concentrated on Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, attempting to burn it down. The Dutch pillaged <a href="/wiki/Maspalomas" title="Maspalomas">Maspalomas</a>, on the southern coast of Gran Canaria, <a href="/wiki/San_Sebasti%C3%A1n_de_La_Gomera" title="San Sebastián de La Gomera">San Sebastián</a> on La Gomera, and <a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_de_La_Palma" title="Santa Cruz de La Palma">Santa Cruz</a> on La Palma, but eventually gave up the siege of Las Palmas and withdrew. </p><p>In 1618 the <a href="/wiki/Barbary_pirates" title="Barbary pirates">Barbary pirates</a> from North Africa attacked Lanzarote and La Gomera taking 1000 captives to be sold as <a href="/wiki/Barbary_slave_trade" title="Barbary slave trade">slaves</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another noteworthy attack occurred in 1797, when <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife_(1797)" title="Battle of Santa Cruz de Tenerife (1797)">Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a> was attacked by a British fleet under <a href="/wiki/Horatio_Nelson,_1st_Viscount_Nelson" title="Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson">Horatio Nelson</a> on 25 July. The British were repulsed, losing almost 400 men. It was during this battle that Nelson lost his right arm. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="18th_to_19th_century">18th to 19th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: 18th to 19th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Amaro_Pargo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Amaro_Pargo.jpg/220px-Amaro_Pargo.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="209" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Amaro_Pargo.jpg/330px-Amaro_Pargo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Amaro_Pargo.jpg/440px-Amaro_Pargo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="854" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Amaro_Pargo" title="Amaro Pargo">Amaro Pargo</a> (1678–1741), <a href="/wiki/Piracy" title="Piracy">corsair</a> and <a href="/wiki/Merchant" title="Merchant">merchant</a> from Tenerife who participated in the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_treasure_fleet" title="Spanish treasure fleet">Spanish treasure fleet</a>, the Spanish-American trade route</figcaption></figure> <p>The sugar-based economy of the islands faced stiff competition from Spain's <a href="/wiki/Caribbean" title="Caribbean">Caribbean</a> colonies. Low sugar prices in the 19th century caused severe recessions on the islands. A new cash crop, <a href="/wiki/Cochineal" title="Cochineal">cochineal</a> (<i>cochinilla</i>), came into cultivation during this time, reinvigorating the islands' economy. During this time the Canarian-American trade was developed, in which Canarian products such as cochineal, sugarcane and rum were sold in American ports such as <a href="/wiki/Veracruz" title="Veracruz">Veracruz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Campeche" title="Campeche">Campeche</a>, <a href="/wiki/La_Guaira" title="La Guaira">La Guaira</a> and <a href="/wiki/Havana" title="Havana">Havana</a>, among others.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By the end of the 18th century, Canary Islanders had already emigrated to Spanish American territories, such as <a href="/wiki/Havana" title="Havana">Havana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Veracruz" title="Veracruz">Veracruz</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Santo_Domingo" title="Santo Domingo">Santo Domingo</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/San_Antonio,_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="San Antonio, Texas">San Antonio, Texas</a><sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/St._Bernard_Parish,_Louisiana" title="St. Bernard Parish, Louisiana">St. Bernard Parish, Louisiana</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These economic difficulties spurred mass emigration during the 19th and first half of the 20th century, primarily to the Americas. Between 1840 and 1890 as many as 40,000 Canary Islanders emigrated to <a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a>. Also, thousands of Canarians moved to <a href="/wiki/Puerto_Rico" title="Puerto Rico">Puerto Rico</a> where the Spanish monarchy felt that Canarians would adapt to island life better than other immigrants from the mainland of Spain. Deeply entrenched traditions, such as the Mascaras Festival in the town of <a href="/wiki/Hatillo,_Puerto_Rico" title="Hatillo, Puerto Rico">Hatillo, Puerto Rico</a>, are an example of Canarian culture still preserved in Puerto Rico. Similarly, many thousands of Canarians emigrated to the shores of <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the <a href="/wiki/Spanish%E2%80%93American_War" title="Spanish–American War">Spanish–American War</a> of 1898, the Spanish fortified the islands against a possible American attack, but no such event took place. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Romantic_period_and_scientific_expeditions">Romantic period and scientific expeditions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Romantic period and scientific expeditions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Coast_El_Golfo.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Coast_El_Golfo.JPG/220px-Coast_El_Golfo.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Coast_El_Golfo.JPG/330px-Coast_El_Golfo.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Coast_El_Golfo.JPG/440px-Coast_El_Golfo.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2496" data-file-height="1664" /></a><figcaption>Coast El Golfo, El Hierro</figcaption></figure> <p>Sirera and Renn (2004)<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> distinguish two different types of expeditions, or voyages, during the period 1770–1830, which they term "the Romantic period": </p><p>First are "expeditions financed by the States, closely related with the official scientific Institutions. characterised by having strict scientific objectives (and inspired by) the spirit of Illustration and progress". In this type of expedition, Sirera and Renn include the following travellers: </p> <ul><li>J. Edens, whose 1715 ascent and observations of Mt. Teide influenced many subsequent expeditions.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Feuill%C3%A9e" title="Louis Feuillée">Louis Feuillée</a> (1724), who was sent to measure the meridian of El Hierro and to map the islands.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Charles_de_Borda" title="Jean-Charles de Borda">Jean-Charles de Borda</a> (1771, 1776) who more accurately measured the longitudes of the islands and the height of Mount Teide</li> <li>the <a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Baudin" title="Nicolas Baudin">Baudin</a>-Ledru expedition (1796) which aimed to recover a valuable collection of natural history objects.</li></ul> <p>The second type of expedition identified by Sirera and Renn is one that took place starting from more or less private initiatives. Among these, the key exponents were the following: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_von_Humboldt" title="Alexander von Humboldt">Alexander von Humboldt</a> (1799)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_Leopold_von_Buch" title="Christian Leopold von Buch">Buch</a> and <a href="/wiki/Christen_Smith_(botanist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Christen Smith (botanist)">Smith</a> (1815)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broussonet" class="mw-redirect" title="Broussonet">Broussonet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Barker_Webb" class="mw-redirect" title="Philip Barker Webb">Webb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabin_Berthelot" title="Sabin Berthelot">Sabin Berthelot</a>.</li></ul> <p>Sirera and Renn identify the period 1770–1830 as one in which "In a panorama dominated until that moment by France and England enters with strength and brio Germany of the Romantic period whose presence in the islands will increase". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_20th_century">Early 20th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Early 20th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bahia_luz_las_palmas_1912_jordao_da_luz_perestello.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Bahia_luz_las_palmas_1912_jordao_da_luz_perestello.jpg/220px-Bahia_luz_las_palmas_1912_jordao_da_luz_perestello.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Bahia_luz_las_palmas_1912_jordao_da_luz_perestello.jpg/330px-Bahia_luz_las_palmas_1912_jordao_da_luz_perestello.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Bahia_luz_las_palmas_1912_jordao_da_luz_perestello.jpg/440px-Bahia_luz_las_palmas_1912_jordao_da_luz_perestello.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="369" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Las_Palmas" title="Port of Las Palmas">port of Las Palmas</a> in 1912</figcaption></figure> <p>At the beginning of the 20th century, the British introduced a new <a href="/wiki/Cash-crop" class="mw-redirect" title="Cash-crop">cash-crop</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Banana" title="Banana">banana</a>, the export of which was controlled by companies such as <a href="/wiki/Fyffes" title="Fyffes">Fyffes</a>. </p><p>30 November 1833 the <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Canary_Islands" title="Province of Canary Islands">Province of Canary Islands</a> had been created with the capital being declared as Santa Cruz de Tenerife.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The rivalry between the cities of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria and Santa Cruz de Tenerife for the capital of the islands led to the division of the <a href="/wiki/Archipelago" title="Archipelago">archipelago</a> into two provinces on 23 September 1927.<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the time of the <a href="/wiki/Second_Spanish_Republic" title="Second Spanish Republic">Second Spanish Republic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marxist" class="mw-redirect" title="Marxist">Marxist</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anarchist" class="mw-redirect" title="Anarchist">anarchist</a> workers' movements began to develop, led by figures such as Jose Miguel Perez and <a href="/wiki/Guillermo_Ascanio" title="Guillermo Ascanio">Guillermo Ascanio</a>. However, outside of a few municipalities, these organisations were a minority and fell easily to Nationalist forces during the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Civil_War" title="Spanish Civil War">Spanish Civil War</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Franco_regime">Franco regime</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Franco regime"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Francoist_Spain" title="Francoist Spain">Francoist Spain</a></div> <p>In 1936, <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Franco" title="Francisco Franco">Francisco Franco</a> was appointed General Commandant of the Canaries. He joined the military revolt of 17 July which began the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Civil_War" title="Spanish Civil War">Spanish Civil War</a>. Franco quickly took control of the archipelago, except for a few points of resistance on La Palma and in the town of <a href="/wiki/Vallehermoso,_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Vallehermoso, Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Vallehermoso</a>, on La Gomera. Though there was never a war in the islands, the post-war suppression of political dissent on the Canaries was most severe.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the Second World War, <a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill</a> prepared plans for the British seizure of the Canary Islands as a <a href="/wiki/Naval_base" title="Naval base">naval base</a>, in the event of <a href="/wiki/Gibraltar" title="Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a> being invaded from the Spanish mainland.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>Note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The planned operation was known as <a href="/wiki/Operation_Pilgrim" title="Operation Pilgrim">Operation Pilgrim</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Opposition to Franco's regime did not begin to organise until the late 1950s, which experienced an upheaval of parties such as the <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Spain_(main)" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist Party of Spain (main)">Communist Party of Spain</a> and the formation of various nationalist, leftist parties. </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/Ifni_War" title="Ifni War">Ifni War</a>, the Franco regime set up <a href="/wiki/Concentration_camps" class="mw-redirect" title="Concentration camps">concentration camps</a> on the islands to <a href="/wiki/Extrajudicial_punishment" title="Extrajudicial punishment">extrajudicially imprison</a> those in Western Sahara suspected of disloyalty to Spain, many of whom were colonial troops recruited on the spot but were later deemed to be potential <a href="/wiki/Fifth_column" title="Fifth column">fifth columnists</a> and deported to the Canary Islands. These camps were characterised by the use of forced labour for infrastructure projects and highly unsanitary conditions resulting in the widespread occurrence of <a href="/wiki/Tuberculosis" title="Tuberculosis">tuberculosis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Self-governance">Self-governance</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Self-governance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Missing_information plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/44px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png" decoding="async" width="44" height="44" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/66px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/6c/Wiki_letter_w.svg/88px-Wiki_letter_w.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="44" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>is missing information</b> about the ruling junta in the periode 1978–1982.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please expand the section to include this information. Further details may exist on the <a href="/wiki/Talk:Canary_Islands" title="Talk:Canary Islands">talk page</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2023</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Auditorio_de_Tenerife_Pano.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Auditorio_de_Tenerife_Pano.jpg/220px-Auditorio_de_Tenerife_Pano.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Auditorio_de_Tenerife_Pano.jpg/330px-Auditorio_de_Tenerife_Pano.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Auditorio_de_Tenerife_Pano.jpg/440px-Auditorio_de_Tenerife_Pano.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5692" data-file-height="2716" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Auditorio_de_Tenerife" title="Auditorio de Tenerife">Auditorio de Tenerife</a> by <a href="/wiki/Santiago_Calatrava" title="Santiago Calatrava">Santiago Calatrava</a>, and an icon of contemporary architecture in the Canary Islands, (<a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a>)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:EU_OCT_and_OMR_map_en.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/EU_OCT_and_OMR_map_en.png/440px-EU_OCT_and_OMR_map_en.png" decoding="async" width="440" height="271" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/EU_OCT_and_OMR_map_en.png/660px-EU_OCT_and_OMR_map_en.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/EU_OCT_and_OMR_map_en.png/880px-EU_OCT_and_OMR_map_en.png 2x" data-file-width="2206" data-file-height="1358" /></a><figcaption>Map of the European Union in the world with <a href="/wiki/Special_member_state_territories_and_the_European_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Special member state territories and the European Union">overseas countries and territories and outermost regions</a> (as of 2018)</figcaption></figure> <p>After the death of Franco, there was a pro-independence armed movement based in <a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Canary_Islands_Independence_Movement" title="Canary Islands Independence Movement">Movement for the Independence and Self-determination of the Canaries Archipelago</a> (MAIAC). In 1968, the <a href="/wiki/Organisation_of_African_Unity" title="Organisation of African Unity">Organisation of African Unity</a> recognized the MAIAC as a legitimate <a href="/wiki/African_independence_movements" title="African independence movements">African independence movement</a>, and declared the Canary Islands as an African territory still under foreign rule.<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the establishment of a democratic <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_monarchy" title="Constitutional monarchy">constitutional monarchy</a> in Spain, <a href="/wiki/Self-governance" title="Self-governance">autonomy</a> was granted to the Canaries via a law passed in 1982, with a newly established autonomous devolved government and parliament. In 1983, the first autonomous elections were held. The <a href="/wiki/Spanish_Socialist_Workers%27_Party" title="Spanish Socialist Workers' Party">Spanish Socialist Workers' Party</a> (PSOE) won.<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Capitals">Capitals</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Capitals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>At present, the Canary Islands is the only autonomous community in Spain that has two capitals: <a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a> and <a href="/wiki/Las_Palmas_de_Gran_Canaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Las Palmas de Gran Canaria">Las Palmas de Gran Canaria</a>, since the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Statute_of_Autonomy_of_the_Canary_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Statute of Autonomy of the Canary Islands (page does not exist)">Statute of Autonomy of the Canary Islands</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estatuto_de_Autonom%C3%ADa_de_Canarias" class="extiw" title="es:Estatuto de Autonomía de Canarias">es</a>]</span> was created in 1982.<sup id="cite_ref-es.wikisource.org_16-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-es.wikisource.org-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-gobiernodecanarias.org_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gobiernodecanarias.org-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The political capital of the archipelago did not exist as such until the nineteenth century. The first cities founded by the <a href="/wiki/Europeans" class="mw-redirect" title="Europeans">Europeans</a> at the time of the conquest of the Canary Islands in the 15th century were: <a href="/wiki/Telde" title="Telde">Telde</a> (in <a href="/wiki/Gran_Canaria" title="Gran Canaria">Gran Canaria</a>), <a href="/w/index.php?title=San_Marcial_del_Rubic%C3%B3n&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="San Marcial del Rubicón (page does not exist)">San Marcial del Rubicón</a> (in <a href="/wiki/Lanzarote" title="Lanzarote">Lanzarote</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Betancuria" title="Betancuria">Betancuria</a> (in <a href="/wiki/Fuerteventura" title="Fuerteventura">Fuerteventura</a>). These cities boasted the first European institutions present in the archipelago, including <a href="/wiki/Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic">Catholic</a> <a href="/wiki/Bishoprics" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishoprics">bishoprics</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_105-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although, because the period of splendor of these cities developed before the total conquest of the archipelago and its incorporation into the <a href="/wiki/Crown_of_Castile" title="Crown of Castile">Crown of Castile</a> never had a political and real control of the entire Canary archipelago. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Las_Palmas_panorama.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Las_Palmas_panorama.jpg/280px-Las_Palmas_panorama.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Las_Palmas_panorama.jpg/420px-Las_Palmas_panorama.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Las_Palmas_panorama.jpg/560px-Las_Palmas_panorama.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3564" data-file-height="1476" /></a><figcaption>Overview of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vista_de_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Vista_de_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife.png/280px-Vista_de_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife.png" decoding="async" width="280" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Vista_de_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife.png/420px-Vista_de_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Vista_de_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife.png/560px-Vista_de_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife.png 2x" data-file-width="4224" data-file-height="2376" /></a><figcaption>View of Santa Cruz de Tenerife</figcaption></figure> <p>The function of a Canarian city with full jurisdiction for the entire archipelago only exists after the conquest of the Canary Islands, although originally <i><a href="/wiki/De_facto" title="De facto">de facto</a></i>, that is, without legal and real meaning and linked to the headquarters of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands_General_Captaincy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Canary Islands General Captaincy (page does not exist)">Canary Islands General Captaincy</a>. </p><p>Las Palmas de Gran Canaria was the first city that exercised this function. This is because the residence of the Captain General of the Canary Islands was in this city during part of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.<sup id="cite_ref-junta_106-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-junta-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In May 1661, the Captain General of the Canary Islands, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jer%C3%B3nimo_de_Benavente_y_Qui%C3%B1ones&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jerónimo de Benavente y Quiñones (page does not exist)">Jerónimo de Benavente y Quiñones</a>, moved the headquarters of the captaincy to the city of <a href="/wiki/San_Crist%C3%B3bal_de_La_Laguna" title="San Cristóbal de La Laguna">San Cristóbal de La Laguna</a> on the island of <a href="/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife">Tenerife</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-portalcultura.mde_1_107-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-portalcultura.mde_1-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was due to the fact that this island since the conquest was the most populated, productive and with the highest economic expectations.<sup id="cite_ref-mdc.ulpgc_1_108-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mdc.ulpgc_1-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> La Laguna would be considered the <i>de facto</i> capital of the archipelago<sup id="cite_ref-ref_duplicada_2_109-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ref_duplicada_2-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> until the official status of the capital of Canary Islands in the city of Santa Cruz de Tenerife was confirmed in the 19th century, due in part to the constant controversies and rivalries between the bourgeoisies of San Cristóbal de La Laguna and Las Palmas de Gran Canaria for the economic, political and institutional hegemony of the archipelago.<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Already in 1723, the Captain General of the Canary Islands <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lorenzo_Fernandez_de_Villavicencio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lorenzo Fernandez de Villavicencio (page does not exist)">Lorenzo Fernandez de Villavicencio</a> had moved the headquarters of the General Captaincy of the Canary Islands from San Cristóbal de La Laguna to Santa Cruz de Tenerife. This decision continued without pleasing the society of the island of Gran Canaria.<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It would be after the creation of the <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Canary_Islands" title="Province of Canary Islands">Province of Canary Islands</a> in November 1833 in which Santa Cruz would become the first fully official capital of the Canary Islands (<i><a href="/wiki/De_jure" title="De jure">De jure</a></i> and not of <i>de facto</i> as happened previously).<sup id="cite_ref-es.wikisource.org_16-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-es.wikisource.org-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Real_Decreto_Canarias_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Real_Decreto_Canarias-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Santa Cruz de Tenerife would be the capital of the Canary archipelago until during the Government of General <a href="/wiki/Miguel_Primo_de_Rivera" title="Miguel Primo de Rivera">Primo de Rivera</a> in 1927 the Province of Canary Islands was split in two provinces: <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Las_Palmas" title="Province of Las Palmas">Las Palmas</a> with capital in Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, and <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Province of Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a> with capital in the homonymous city. </p><p>Finally, with the Statute of Autonomy of the Canary Islands in 1982 and the creation of the Autonomous Community of the Canary Islands, the capital of the archipelago between Las Palmas de Gran Canaria and Santa Cruz de Tenerife is fixed, which is how it remains today. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_the_Canary_Islands" title="Demographics of the Canary Islands">Demographics of the Canary Islands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canary_Islanders" title="Canary Islanders">Canary Islanders</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Spanish_immigration_to_Cuba" title="Spanish immigration to Cuba">Spanish immigration to Cuba</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236656977">.mw-parser-output .abbr-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-bottom:none;background-color:lavender}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-top:none;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border-top:1px #a2a9b1 solid!important}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:none}}</style><table class="table-pale" style="width:15em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 0.5em;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Population history<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></caption><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Per annum growth rate" class="abbr-header">±% p.a.</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"> 1768 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">155,763</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"> 1787 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">168,928</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.43%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"> 1797 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">173,865</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.29%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"> 1842 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">241,266</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.73%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb"> 1860 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">237,036</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">−0.10%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"> 1887 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">301,983</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.90%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"> 1900 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">364,408</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+1.46%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"> 1920 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">488,483</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+1.48%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"> 1940 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">687,937</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+1.73%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb"> 1960 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">966,177</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+1.71%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"> 1974 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,229,259</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+1.74%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"> 1981 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,367,646</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+1.54%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"> 1990 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,589,403</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+1.68%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"> 2000 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,716,276</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.77%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb"> 2010 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">2,118,519</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+2.13%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"> 2015<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">2,128,647</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.10%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"> 2020 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">2,244,369</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+1.06%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"> 2021 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">2,185,693</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−2.61%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"> 2022 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">2,212,018</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+1.20%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"> 2023 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">2,236,013</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+1.08%</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The Canary Islands have a population of 2,153,389 inhabitants (2019), making it the eighth most populous of Spain's <a href="/wiki/Autonomous_communities" class="mw-redirect" title="Autonomous communities">autonomous communities</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-BOE_pop_2019_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BOE_pop_2019-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The total area of the archipelago is 7,493 km<sup>2</sup> (2,893 sq mi),<sup id="cite_ref-extension_114-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-extension-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> resulting in a population density of 287.4 inhabitants per square kilometre. </p><p>The population of the islands according to the 2019 data are:<sup id="cite_ref-BOE_pop_2019_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BOE_pop_2019-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife">Tenerife</a> – 917,841</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gran_Canaria" title="Gran Canaria">Gran Canaria</a> – 851,231</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanzarote" title="Lanzarote">Lanzarote</a> – 152,289 (including the population of <a href="/wiki/La_Graciosa" class="mw-redirect" title="La Graciosa">La Graciosa</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuerteventura" title="Fuerteventura">Fuerteventura</a> – 116,886</li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Palma" title="La Palma">La Palma</a> – 82,671</li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Gomera" title="La Gomera">La Gomera</a> – 21,503</li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Hierro" title="El Hierro">El Hierro</a> – 10,968</li></ul> <p>The Canary Islands have become home to many European residents, mainly coming from Italy, Germany and the UK. Because of the vast immigration to Venezuela and Cuba during the second half of the 20th century and the later return to the Canary Islands of these people along with their families, there are many residents whose country of origin was <a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a> (66,593) or <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a> (41,807). Since the 1990s, many <a href="/wiki/Immigration_to_Spain" title="Immigration to Spain">illegal migrants</a> have reached the Canary Islands, <a href="/wiki/Melilla" title="Melilla">Melilla</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ceuta" title="Ceuta">Ceuta</a>, using them as entry points to the EU.<sup id="cite_ref-canarias7.es_115-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-canarias7.es-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ine_pop_19_birthplace_116-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ine_pop_19_birthplace-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:left"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="4">Population of the Canary Islands 2019 </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2">Birthplace </th> <th>Population </th> <th>Percent </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">Canary Islands</td> <td>1,553,517</td> <td>72.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">Rest of Spain</td> <td>176,302</td> <td>8.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><b>Total, Spain</b></td> <td><b>1,735,457 </b></td> <td><b>80.6</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2">Foreign-born</td> <td>417,932</td> <td>19.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><b><a href="/wiki/Americas" title="Americas">Americas</a></b></td> <td>201,257</td> <td>9.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Venezuela" title="Venezuela">Venezuela</a></td> <td>66,573</td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a></td> <td>41,792</td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia">Colombia</a></td> <td>31,361</td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a></td> <td>17,429</td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Uruguay" title="Uruguay">Uruguay</a></td> <td>8,687</td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><b> Rest of <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> </b></td> <td>154,511</td> <td>7.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></td> <td>39,469</td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></td> <td>25,921</td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></td> <td>25,339</td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><b><a href="/wiki/Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a></b></td> <td>38,768</td> <td>1.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a></td> <td>24,268</td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><b><a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a></b></td> <td>23,082</td> <td>1.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a></td> <td>9,848</td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></td> <td>5,766</td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"><b><a href="/wiki/Oceania" title="Oceania">Oceania</a></b></td> <td>314</td> <td>0.0 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2">Total</th> <th align="center">2,153,389</th> <th align="center">100.0 </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="4" style="text-align:left;"><small>Source</small><sup id="cite_ref-ine_pop_19_birthplace_116-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ine_pop_19_birthplace-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ine_pop_cn_19_birthplace_118-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ine_pop_cn_19_birthplace-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion">Religion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Religion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Canary_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Canary Islands">Religion in Canary Islands</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Candelaria_Basilica.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Candelaria_Basilica.jpg/220px-Candelaria_Basilica.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Candelaria_Basilica.jpg/330px-Candelaria_Basilica.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Candelaria_Basilica.jpg/440px-Candelaria_Basilica.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2307" data-file-height="1689" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_Candelaria" title="Basilica of Candelaria">Basilica of the Virgin of Candelaria</a> (Patroness of the Canary Islands) in <a href="/wiki/Candelaria,_Tenerife" title="Candelaria, Tenerife">Candelaria</a>, Tenerife</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a> has been the majority religion in the archipelago for more than five centuries, ever since the <a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_the_Canary_Islands" title="Conquest of the Canary Islands">Conquest of the Canary Islands</a>. There are also several other religious communities. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Roman_Catholic_Church">Roman Catholic Church</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Roman Catholic Church"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The overwhelming majority of native Canarians are <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic">Roman Catholic</a> (76.7%)<sup id="cite_ref-CIS2019Canarias_119-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIS2019Canarias-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with various smaller foreign-born populations of other Christian beliefs such as <a href="/wiki/Protestants" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestants">Protestants</a>. </p><p>The appearance of the <a href="/wiki/Virgin_of_Candelaria" title="Virgin of Candelaria">Virgin of Candelaria</a> (Patron of Canary Islands) was credited with moving the Canary Islands toward Christianity. Two Catholic saints were born in the Canary Islands: <a href="/wiki/Peter_of_Saint_Joseph_de_Betancur" title="Peter of Saint Joseph de Betancur">Peter of Saint Joseph de Betancur</a><sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_de_Anchieta" class="mw-redirect" title="José de Anchieta">José de Anchieta</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-121" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Both born on the island of Tenerife, they were respectively missionaries in <a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a> and <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a>. </p><p>The Canary Islands are divided into two Catholic dioceses, each governed by a bishop: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Canarias" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Canarias">Diócesis Canariense</a>: Includes the islands of the <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Las_Palmas" title="Province of Las Palmas">Eastern Province</a>: Gran Canaria, Fuerteventura and Lanzarote. Its capital was San Marcial El Rubicón (1404) and <a href="/wiki/Las_Palmas" title="Las Palmas">Las Palmas de Gran Canaria</a> (1483–present). There was a previous bishopric which was based in <a href="/wiki/Telde" title="Telde">Telde</a>, but it was later abolished.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_San_Crist%C3%B3bal_de_La_Laguna" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of San Cristóbal de La Laguna">Diócesis Nivariense</a>: Includes the islands of the <a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife_(province)" class="mw-redirect" title="Santa Cruz de Tenerife (province)">western province</a>: Tenerife, La Palma, La Gomera and El Hierro. Its capital is <a href="/wiki/San_Crist%C3%B3bal_de_La_Laguna" title="San Cristóbal de La Laguna">San Cristóbal de La Laguna</a> (1819–present).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Other_religions">Other religions</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Other religions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Separate from the overwhelming Catholic majority are a minority of <a href="/wiki/Muslims" title="Muslims">Muslims</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-laopinion.es_122-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-laopinion.es-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Among the followers of <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Islamic_Federation_of_the_Canary_Islands" title="Islamic Federation of the Canary Islands">Islamic Federation of the Canary Islands</a> exists to represent the Islamic community in the Canary Islands as well as to provide practical support to members of the Islamic community.<sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For its part, there is also the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Evangelical_Council_of_the_Canary_Islands&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Evangelical Council of the Canary Islands (page does not exist)">Evangelical Council of the Canary Islands</a> in the archipelago. </p><p>Other religious faiths represented include <a href="/wiki/Jehovah%27s_Witnesses" title="Jehovah's Witnesses">Jehovah's Witnesses</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" title="The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints">The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints</a> as well as <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-laopinion.es_122-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-laopinion.es-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Minority religions are also present such as the <a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Guanche_People" title="Church of the Guanche People">Church of the Guanche People</a> which is classified as a <a href="/wiki/Modern_Paganism" class="mw-redirect" title="Modern Paganism">neo-pagan</a> native religion.<sup id="cite_ref-laopinion.es_122-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-laopinion.es-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also present are <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-laopinion.es_122-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-laopinion.es-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Judaism</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-laopinion.es_122-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-laopinion.es-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_Faith" title="Baháʼí Faith">Baháʼí</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-laopinion.es_122-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-laopinion.es-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/African_religion" class="mw-redirect" title="African religion">African religion</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-laopinion.es_122-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-laopinion.es-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Chinese_religions" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinese religions">Chinese religions</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-laopinion.es_122-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-laopinion.es-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Statistics">Statistics</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Statistics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The distribution of beliefs in 2012 according to the CIS Barometer Autonomy was as follows:<sup id="cite_ref-124" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Catholic 84.9%</li> <li>Atheist/Agnostic/Unbeliever 12.3%</li> <li>Other religions 1.7%</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Population_genetics">Population genetics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Population genetics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Canarian_people#Population_genetics" class="mw-redirect" title="Canarian people">Canarian people § Population genetics</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy_and_environment">Economy and environment</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Economy and environment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_the_Canary_Islands" title="Tourism in the Canary Islands">Tourism in the Canary Islands</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_based_in_the_Canary_Islands" title="List of companies based in the Canary Islands">List of companies based in the Canary Islands</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Island_country#Natural_resources" title="Island country">Island country § Natural resources</a></div> <table class="toccolours" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" style="float:right; margin:0 0 1em 1em; font-size:95%;"> <caption><b><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_the_Canary_Islands" title="Tourism in the Canary Islands">Tourism in the Canary Islands</a></b><sup id="cite_ref-125" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px #aaa solid;">Year </th> <th style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px #aaa solid;">Visitors </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2023</td> <td>16,210,911.<sup id="cite_ref-Agence_France_Presse_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Agence_France_Presse-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2009<br /><span style="font-size:85%;">(Jan–Jun)</span></td> <td>4,002,013 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2008</td> <td>9,210,509 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2007</td> <td>9,326,116 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2006</td> <td>9,530,039 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2005</td> <td>9,276,963 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2004</td> <td>9,427,265 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2003</td> <td>9,836,785 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2002</td> <td>9,778,512 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2001</td> <td>10,137,205 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">2000</td> <td>9,975,977 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">1993</td> <td>6,545,396 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:center;border-top:1px #aaa solid;">Largest by<br />Country <span style="font-size:85%;">(2008)</span> </th> <th style="text-align:center;border-top:1px #aaa solid;">Population </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">Germany</td> <td>2,498,847 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">United Kingdom</td> <td>3,355,942 </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dunas_de_Maspalomas.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Dunas_de_Maspalomas.jpg/220px-Dunas_de_Maspalomas.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Dunas_de_Maspalomas.jpg/330px-Dunas_de_Maspalomas.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Dunas_de_Maspalomas.jpg/440px-Dunas_de_Maspalomas.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="1268" /></a><figcaption>The dunes of <a href="/wiki/Maspalomas" title="Maspalomas">Maspalomas</a> in <a href="/wiki/Gran_Canaria" title="Gran Canaria">Gran Canaria</a> is one of the tourist attractions.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:La_Palma_-_San_Andres_y_Sauces_-_San_Andres_-_Calle_San_Sebasti%C3%A1n_09_ies.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/La_Palma_-_San_Andres_y_Sauces_-_San_Andres_-_Calle_San_Sebasti%C3%A1n_09_ies.jpg/220px-La_Palma_-_San_Andres_y_Sauces_-_San_Andres_-_Calle_San_Sebasti%C3%A1n_09_ies.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/La_Palma_-_San_Andres_y_Sauces_-_San_Andres_-_Calle_San_Sebasti%C3%A1n_09_ies.jpg/330px-La_Palma_-_San_Andres_y_Sauces_-_San_Andres_-_Calle_San_Sebasti%C3%A1n_09_ies.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/La_Palma_-_San_Andres_y_Sauces_-_San_Andres_-_Calle_San_Sebasti%C3%A1n_09_ies.jpg/440px-La_Palma_-_San_Andres_y_Sauces_-_San_Andres_-_Calle_San_Sebasti%C3%A1n_09_ies.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5616" data-file-height="3744" /></a><figcaption>A banana plantation in <a href="/wiki/San_Andr%C3%A9s_y_Sauces" title="San Andrés y Sauces">San Andrés y Sauces</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The economy is based primarily <a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_the_Canary_Islands" title="Tourism in the Canary Islands">on tourism</a>, which makes up 32% of the GDP. The Canaries receive about 12 million tourists per year. Construction makes up nearly 20% of the GDP and tropical agriculture, primarily bananas and tobacco, are grown for export to Europe and the Americas. Ecologists are concerned that the resources, especially in the more <a href="/wiki/Arid" class="mw-redirect" title="Arid">arid</a> islands, are being <a href="/wiki/Overexploited" class="mw-redirect" title="Overexploited">overexploited</a> but there are still many agricultural resources like <a href="/wiki/Tomato" title="Tomato">tomatoes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Potato" title="Potato">potatoes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Onion" title="Onion">onions</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cochineal" title="Cochineal">cochineal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sugarcane" title="Sugarcane">sugarcane</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grape" title="Grape">grapes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vine" title="Vine">vines</a>, <a href="/wiki/Phoenix_dactylifera" class="mw-redirect" title="Phoenix dactylifera">dates</a>, <a href="/wiki/Orange_(fruit)" title="Orange (fruit)">oranges</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lemon" title="Lemon">lemons</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ficus" title="Ficus">figs</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wheat" title="Wheat">wheat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Barley" title="Barley">barley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maize" title="Maize">maize</a>, <a href="/wiki/Apricot" title="Apricot">apricots</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peach" title="Peach">peaches</a> and <a href="/wiki/Almond" title="Almond">almonds</a>. </p><p>Water resources are also being overexploited, due to the high water usage by tourists.<sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also, some islands (such as Gran Canaria and Tenerife) <a href="/wiki/Groundwater_extraction" class="mw-redirect" title="Groundwater extraction">overexploit the ground water</a>. This is done in such degree that, according to European and Spanish legal regulations, the current situation is not acceptable. To address the problems, good governance and a change in the water use paradigm have been proposed. These solutions depend largely on <a href="/wiki/Water_conservation" title="Water conservation">controlling water use</a> and on demand management. As this is administratively difficult and politically unpalatable, most action is currently directed at increasing the public offer of water through import from outside; a decision which is economically, politically and environmentally questionable.<sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>To bring in revenue for environmental protection, innovation, training and water sanitation a <a href="/wiki/Tourist_tax" title="Tourist tax">tourist tax</a> was considered in 2018, along with a doubling of the <a href="/wiki/Ecotax" class="mw-redirect" title="Ecotax">ecotax</a> and restrictions on holiday rents in the zones with the greatest pressure of demand.<sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The economy is <a href="/wiki/Euro" title="Euro">€</a> 25 billion (2001 GDP figures). The islands experienced continuous growth during a 20-year period, up until 2001, at a rate of approximately 5% annually. This growth was fueled mainly by huge amounts of <a href="/wiki/Foreign_direct_investment" title="Foreign direct investment">foreign direct investment</a>, mostly to develop tourism real estate (hotels and apartments), and European Funds (near €11 billion in the period from 2000 to 2007), since the Canary Islands are labelled Region Objective 1 (eligible for euro structural funds).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Additionally, the EU allows the Canary Islands Government to offer special tax concessions for investors who incorporate under the Zona Especial Canaria (ZEC) regime and create more than five jobs.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2014)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Spain gave permission in August 2014 for <a href="/wiki/Repsol" title="Repsol">Repsol</a> and its partners to explore <a href="/wiki/Petroleum" title="Petroleum">oil</a> and <a href="/wiki/Natural_gas" title="Natural gas">natural gas</a> prospects off the Canary Islands, involving an investment of €7.5 billion over four years, to commence at the end of 2016. Repsol at the time said the area could ultimately produce 100,000 barrels of oil a day, which would meet 10 percent of Spain's energy needs.<sup id="cite_ref-RepsolCanary_129-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RepsolCanary-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the analysis of samples obtained did not show the necessary volume nor quality to consider future extraction, and the project was scrapped.<sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Despite currently having very high dependence on fossil fuels, research on the renewable energy potential concluded that a high potential for renewable energy technologies exists on the archipelago. This, in such extent even that a scenario pathway to 100% renewable energy supply by 2050 has been put forward.<sup id="cite_ref-131" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Canary Islands have great natural attractions, climate and <a href="/wiki/Beach" title="Beach">beaches</a> make the islands a major tourist destination, being visited each year by about 12 million people (11,986,059 in 2007, noting 29% of <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">Britons</a>, 22% of Spanish (from outside the Canaries), and 21% of <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germans</a>). Among the islands, Tenerife has the largest number of tourists received annually, followed by Gran Canaria and Lanzarote.<sup id="cite_ref-gobiernodecanarias1_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gobiernodecanarias1-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The archipelago's principal tourist attraction is the <a href="/wiki/Teide_National_Park" title="Teide National Park">Teide National Park</a> (in Tenerife) where the highest mountain in Spain and third largest <a href="/wiki/Volcano" title="Volcano">volcano</a> in the world (Mount <a href="/wiki/Teide" title="Teide">Teide</a>), receives over 2.8 million visitors annually.<sup id="cite_ref-webtenerife2_132-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-webtenerife2-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The combination of high mountains, proximity to Europe, and clean air has made the <a href="/wiki/Roque_de_los_Muchachos" title="Roque de los Muchachos">Roque de los Muchachos</a> peak (on La Palma island) a leading location for <a href="/wiki/Telescope" title="Telescope">telescopes</a> like the <a href="/wiki/Grantecan" class="mw-redirect" title="Grantecan">Grantecan</a>. </p><p>The islands, as an autonomous region of Spain, are in the <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Schengen_Area" title="Schengen Area">Schengen Area</a>. They are in the <a href="/wiki/European_Union_Customs_Union" title="European Union Customs Union">European Union Customs Union</a> but outside the <a href="/wiki/VAT" class="mw-redirect" title="VAT">VAT</a> area.<sup id="cite_ref-territories_133-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-territories-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Instead of VAT there is a local Sales Tax (IGIC) which has a general rate of 7%, an increased tax rate of 13.5%, a reduced tax rate of 3% and a zero tax rate for certain basic need products and services. Consequently, some products are subject to additional VAT if being exported from the islands into mainland Spain or the rest of the EU. </p><p>Canarian time is <a href="/wiki/Western_European_Time" title="Western European Time">Western European Time</a> (WET), or <a href="/wiki/Greenwich_Mean_Time" title="Greenwich Mean Time">GMT</a>. In summer, one hour ahead of GMT. Canarian time is one hour behind mainland Spain, and the same time as the UK, Ireland and mainland Portugal all year round. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tourism_statistics">Tourism statistics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Tourism statistics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The number of tourists who visited the Canary Islands in 2022 was 14,617,383. In 2023, there were 16,210,911 arrivals.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_134-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption><b>Number of tourists who visited the Canary Islands in 2023, by island of destination</b> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Rank </th> <th>Island </th> <th>Number of Visitors </th></tr> <tr> <td>1 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife">Tenerife</a> </td> <td>6,449,359 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gran_Canaria" title="Gran Canaria">Gran Canaria</a> </td> <td>4,235,141 </td></tr> <tr> <td>3 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lanzarote" title="Lanzarote">Lanzarote</a> </td> <td>3,049,188 </td></tr> <tr> <td>4 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fuerteventura" title="Fuerteventura">Fuerteventura</a> </td> <td>2,274,859 </td></tr> <tr> <td>5 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/La_Palma" title="La Palma">La Palma</a> </td> <td>148,720 </td></tr> <tr> <td>6 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/La_Gomera" title="La Gomera">La Gomera</a> and <a href="/wiki/El_Hierro" title="El Hierro">El Hierro</a> </td> <td>53,644 </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable"> <caption><b>Number of tourists who visited the Canary Islands by air, by island of destination</b> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Month </th> <th>Lanzarote</th> <th>Fuerteventura</th> <th>Gran Canaria</th> <th>Tenerife</th> <th>La Palma </th></tr> <tr> <td>2020 May </td> <td>0 </td> <td>0 </td> <td>0 </td> <td>0 </td> <td>0 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2020 April </td> <td>0 </td> <td>0 </td> <td>0 </td> <td>0 </td> <td>0 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2020 March</td> <td>99,407</td> <td>71,988</td> <td>141,692</td> <td>208,696</td> <td>11,531 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2020 February</td> <td>215,054</td> <td>175,618</td> <td>387,432</td> <td>528,873</td> <td>31,996 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2020 January</td> <td>209,769</td> <td>149,140</td> <td>405,208</td> <td>512,153</td> <td>36,618 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>2020</b></td> <td><b>524,230</b></td> <td><b>396,746</b></td> <td><b>934,332</b></td> <td><b>1,249,722</b></td> <td><b>80,145</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2019 December</td> <td>256,733</td> <td>168,717</td> <td>416,723</td> <td>526,258</td> <td>35,515 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2019 November</td> <td>231,995</td> <td>159,352</td> <td>405,715</td> <td>487,576</td> <td>29,614 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2019 October</td> <td>258,722</td> <td>175,472</td> <td>354,718</td> <td>484,905</td> <td>24,506 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2019 September</td> <td>235,534</td> <td>154,056</td> <td>291,855</td> <td>432,241</td> <td>21,106 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2019 August</td> <td>273,783</td> <td>175,153</td> <td>328,921</td> <td>501,712</td> <td>26,465 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2019 July</td> <td>270,438</td> <td>171,819</td> <td>333,530</td> <td>481,976</td> <td>22,059 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2019 June</td> <td>242,901</td> <td>159,945</td> <td>274,881</td> <td>451,244</td> <td>18,266 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2019 May</td> <td>230,821</td> <td>140,370</td> <td>261,250</td> <td>423,740</td> <td>19,447 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2019 April</td> <td>256,776</td> <td>179,318</td> <td>324,647</td> <td>484,097</td> <td>32,927 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2019 March</td> <td>295,614</td> <td>201,556</td> <td>447,905</td> <td>579,224</td> <td>39,570 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2019 February</td> <td>272,428</td> <td>164,970</td> <td>403,123</td> <td>513,880</td> <td>32,162 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2019 January</td> <td>239,830</td> <td>172,468</td> <td>424,117</td> <td>522,601</td> <td>42,043 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>2019</b></td> <td><b>3,065,575</b></td> <td><b>2,023,196</b></td> <td><b>4,267,385</b></td> <td><b>5,889,454</b></td> <td><b>343,680</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2018 December</td> <td>258,185</td> <td>171,248</td> <td>420,041</td> <td>519,566</td> <td>34,266 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2018 November</td> <td>256,755</td> <td>163,189</td> <td>410,456</td> <td>513,953</td> <td>40,401 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2018 October</td> <td>265,950</td> <td>207,176</td> <td>397,411</td> <td>541,492</td> <td>27,865 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2018 September</td> <td>249,877</td> <td>181,272</td> <td>326,673</td> <td>451,957</td> <td>22,094 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2018 August</td> <td>260,216</td> <td>206,718</td> <td>370,232</td> <td>516,048</td> <td>28,054 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2018 July</td> <td>258,746</td> <td>208,723</td> <td>374,844</td> <td>485,961</td> <td>23,453 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2018 June</td> <td>233,824</td> <td>181,406</td> <td>301,068</td> <td>448,667</td> <td>19,384 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2018 May</td> <td>245,563</td> <td>159,808</td> <td>285,178</td> <td>421,763</td> <td>22,702 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2018 April</td> <td>266,433</td> <td>184,772</td> <td>347,043</td> <td>488,679</td> <td>30,675 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2018 March</td> <td>299,270</td> <td>223,478</td> <td>441,620</td> <td>572,515</td> <td>35,369 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2018 February</td> <td>246,215</td> <td>181,218</td> <td>396,707</td> <td>484,485</td> <td>40,282 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2018 January</td> <td>222,283</td> <td>184,199</td> <td>438,555</td> <td>503,856</td> <td>50,215 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>2018</b></td> <td><b>3,063,317</b></td> <td><b>2,253,207</b></td> <td><b>4,509,828</b></td> <td><b>5,948,942</b></td> <td><b>374,760</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Source (05/2020):<sup id="cite_ref-:2_134-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="GDP_statistics">GDP statistics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: GDP statistics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in the Canary Islands in 2015 was €40,923 million, €19,222 per capita. The figures by island are as follows:<sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption><b>GDP by island in million euros</b> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Island </th> <th>GDP </th></tr> <tr> <td>Tenerife </td> <td align="right">17,615 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Gran Canaria </td> <td align="right">15,812 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Lanzarote </td> <td align="right">3,203 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Fuerteventura </td> <td align="right">2,298 </td></tr> <tr> <td>La Palma </td> <td align="right">1,423 </td></tr> <tr> <td>La Gomera </td> <td align="right">394 </td></tr> <tr> <td>El Hierro </td> <td align="right">178 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transport">Transport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:EC-NFA_Embraer_E195-E2_Binter_VGO_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/EC-NFA_Embraer_E195-E2_Binter_VGO_02.jpg/220px-EC-NFA_Embraer_E195-E2_Binter_VGO_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/EC-NFA_Embraer_E195-E2_Binter_VGO_02.jpg/330px-EC-NFA_Embraer_E195-E2_Binter_VGO_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/EC-NFA_Embraer_E195-E2_Binter_VGO_02.jpg/440px-EC-NFA_Embraer_E195-E2_Binter_VGO_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5100" data-file-height="3400" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Binter_Canarias" title="Binter Canarias">Binter Canarias</a> <a href="/wiki/Embraer_195-E2" class="mw-redirect" title="Embraer 195-E2">Embraer 195 E2</a> at the Galician airport of <a href="/wiki/Vigo%E2%80%93Peinador_Airport" title="Vigo–Peinador Airport">Vigo</a>. Binter is the biggest airline of the Canary Islands and labels itself as the flag carrier of the Autonomous Community (<i>Líneas Aéreas de Canarias</i>). </figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Las_palmas_gran_canaria_parque_san_telmo_2005.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Las_palmas_gran_canaria_parque_san_telmo_2005.jpg/220px-Las_palmas_gran_canaria_parque_san_telmo_2005.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Las_palmas_gran_canaria_parque_san_telmo_2005.jpg/330px-Las_palmas_gran_canaria_parque_san_telmo_2005.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Las_palmas_gran_canaria_parque_san_telmo_2005.jpg/440px-Las_palmas_gran_canaria_parque_san_telmo_2005.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>Bus Station—<i>Estación de Guaguas</i> also known as <i>El Hoyo</i> (The hole), on the left, out of the image—at San Telmo Park, <a href="/wiki/Las_Palmas_de_Gran_Canaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Las Palmas de Gran Canaria">Las Palmas de Gran Canaria</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tranviadetenerife.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Tranviadetenerife.JPG/220px-Tranviadetenerife.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Tranviadetenerife.JPG/330px-Tranviadetenerife.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Tranviadetenerife.JPG/440px-Tranviadetenerife.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Tenerife_Tram" title="Tenerife Tram">Tenerife Tram</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The Canary Islands have eight airports altogether, two of the main ports of Spain, and an extensive network of <a href="/wiki/Highways_in_Spain" title="Highways in Spain">autopistas</a> (highways) and other roads. For a road map see multimap.<sup id="cite_ref-136" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Traffic_congestion" title="Traffic congestion">Traffic congestion</a> is sometimes a problem in Tenerife and on Grand Canaria.<sup id="cite_ref-137" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-138" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-139" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-139"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Large <a href="/wiki/Ferry" title="Ferry">ferry</a> boats and fast ferries link most of the islands. Both types can transport large numbers of passengers, cargo, and vehicles. Fast ferries are made of aluminium and powered by modern and efficient diesel engines, while conventional ferries have a steel hull and are powered by heavy oil. Fast ferries travel in excess of 30 kn (56 km/h; 35 mph); conventional ferries travel in excess of 20 kn (37 km/h; 23 mph), but are slower than fast ferries.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="Figures not clarified in Ferry article. (May 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> A typical ferry ride between La Palma and Tenerife may take up to eight hours or more while a fast ferry takes about two and a half hours and between Tenerife and Gran Canaria can be about one hour.<sup id="cite_ref-140" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-140"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The largest airport is the <a href="/wiki/Gran_Canaria_Airport" title="Gran Canaria Airport">Gran Canaria Airport</a>. Tenerife has two airports, <a href="/wiki/Tenerife_North_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Tenerife North Airport">Tenerife North Airport</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tenerife_South_Airport" title="Tenerife South Airport">Tenerife South Airport</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-141" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-141"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>140<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The island of Tenerife gathers the highest passenger movement of all the Canary Islands through its two airports.<sup id="cite_ref-142" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-142"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>141<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The two main islands (Tenerife and Gran Canaria) receive the greatest number of passengers.<sup id="cite_ref-143" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-143"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>142<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tenerife 6,204,499 passengers and Gran Canaria 5,011,176 passengers.<sup id="cite_ref-144" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-144"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>143<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Las_Palmas" title="Port of Las Palmas">port of Las Palmas</a> is first in freight traffic in the islands,<sup id="cite_ref-145" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-145"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>144<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while the <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Port of Santa Cruz de Tenerife">port of Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a> is the first fishing port with approximately 7,500 tons of fish caught, according to the Spanish government publication Statistical Yearbook of State Ports. Similarly, it is the second port in Spain as regards ship traffic, only surpassed by the <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Algeciras" title="Port of Algeciras">Port of Algeciras</a> Bay.<sup id="cite_ref-puertos.es_146-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-puertos.es-146"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>145<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The port's facilities include a border inspection post (BIP) approved by the European Union, which is responsible for inspecting all types of imports from third countries or exports to countries outside the European Economic Area. The port of <a href="/wiki/Los_Cristianos" title="Los Cristianos">Los Cristianos</a> (Tenerife) has the greatest number of passengers recorded in the Canary Islands, followed by the port of Santa Cruz de Tenerife.<sup id="cite_ref-www2.gobiernodecanarias.org_147-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-www2.gobiernodecanarias.org-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>146<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Port of Las Palmas is the third port in the islands in passengers and first in number of vehicles transported.<sup id="cite_ref-www2.gobiernodecanarias.org_147-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-www2.gobiernodecanarias.org-147"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>146<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/SS_America_(1939)" title="SS America (1939)">SS America</a> was beached at the Canary islands on 18 January 1994. However, the ocean liner broke apart after the course of several years and eventually sank beneath the surface. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rail_transport">Rail transport</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: Rail transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Tenerife_Tram" title="Tenerife Tram">Tenerife Tram</a> opened in 2007 and is currently the only one in the Canary Islands, travelling between the cities of <a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a> and <a href="/wiki/San_Crist%C3%B3bal_de_La_Laguna" title="San Cristóbal de La Laguna">San Cristóbal de La Laguna</a>. </p><p>Three more railway lines are being planned for the Canary Islands: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Line </th> <th>Island </th> <th>Terminus A </th> <th>Terminus B </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tren_de_Gran_Canaria" title="Tren de Gran Canaria">Tren de Gran Canaria</a><sup id="cite_ref-148" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-148"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>147<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gran_Canaria" title="Gran Canaria">Gran Canaria</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Las_Palmas_de_Gran_Canaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Las Palmas de Gran Canaria">Las Palmas de Gran Canaria</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maspalomas" title="Maspalomas">Maspalomas</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tren_del_Sur" title="Tren del Sur">Tren del Sur</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife">Tenerife</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Los_Cristianos" title="Los Cristianos">Los Cristianos</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tren_del_Norte_(Tenerife)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tren del Norte (Tenerife) (page does not exist)">Tren del Norte</a><sup id="cite_ref-149" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-149"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>148<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife">Tenerife</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Los_Realejos" title="Los Realejos">Los Realejos</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Airports">Airports</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: Airports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tenerife_South_Airport" title="Tenerife South Airport">Tenerife South Airport</a> – Tenerife</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenerife_North_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Tenerife North Airport">Tenerife North Airport</a> – Tenerife</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanzarote_Airport" title="Lanzarote Airport">César Manrique-Lanzarote Airport</a> – Lanzarote</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuerteventura_Airport" title="Fuerteventura Airport">Fuerteventura Airport</a> – Fuerteventura</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gran_Canaria_Airport" title="Gran Canaria Airport">Gran Canaria Airport</a> – Gran Canaria</li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Palma_Airport" title="La Palma Airport">La Palma Airport</a> – La Palma</li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Gomera_Airport" title="La Gomera Airport">La Gomera Airport</a> – La Gomera</li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Hierro_Airport" title="El Hierro Airport">El Hierro Airport</a> – El Hierro<sup id="cite_ref-150" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-150"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>149<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ports">Ports</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: Ports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Panoramic_view_over_Las_Palmas_(port).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Panoramic_view_over_Las_Palmas_%28port%29.jpg/220px-Panoramic_view_over_Las_Palmas_%28port%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Panoramic_view_over_Las_Palmas_%28port%29.jpg/330px-Panoramic_view_over_Las_Palmas_%28port%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Panoramic_view_over_Las_Palmas_%28port%29.jpg/440px-Panoramic_view_over_Las_Palmas_%28port%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1712" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Port_of_Las_Palmas" title="Port of Las Palmas">Port of Las Palmas</a>, the largest port in the Canary Islands</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>Port of Puerto del Rosario – Fuerteventura</li> <li>Port of Arrecife – Lanzarote</li> <li>Port of Playa Blanca—Lanzarote</li> <li>Port of Santa Cruz de La Palma – La Palma</li> <li>Port of San Sebastián de La Gomera – La Gomera</li> <li>Port of La Estaca – El Hierro</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_of_Las_Palmas" title="Port of Las Palmas">Port of Las Palmas</a> – Gran Canaria</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_of_Arinaga" title="Port of Arinaga">Port of Arinaga</a> – Gran Canaria</li> <li>Port of Agaete – Gran Canaria</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_of_Los_Cristianos" title="Port of Los Cristianos">Port of Los Cristianos</a> – Tenerife</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_of_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Port of Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Port of Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a> – Tenerife</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_of_Garachico" title="Port of Garachico">Port of Garachico</a> – Tenerife</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_of_Granadilla" title="Port of Granadilla">Port of Granadilla</a> – Tenerife</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Health">Health</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: Health"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_hospitals_in_Spain#Canary_Islands" title="List of hospitals in Spain">List of hospitals in Spain § Canary Islands</a></div> <p>The <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Servicio_Canario_de_Salud&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Servicio Canario de Salud (page does not exist)">Servicio Canario de Salud</a></i> is an autonomous body of administrative nature attached to the Ministry responsible for Health of the Government of the Canary Islands.<sup id="cite_ref-151" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-151"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>150<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hospital_Nuestra_Se%C3%B1ora_de_los_Reyes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hospital Nuestra Señora de los Reyes (page does not exist)">Hospital Nuestra Señora de los Reyes</a> – <a href="/wiki/El_Hierro" title="El Hierro">El Hierro</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hospital_General_de_La_Palma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hospital General de La Palma (page does not exist)">Hospital General de La Palma</a> – <a href="/wiki/La_Palma" title="La Palma">La Palma</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hospital_Nuestra_Se%C3%B1ora_de_Guadalupe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hospital Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe (page does not exist)">Hospital Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe</a> – <a href="/wiki/La_Gomera" title="La Gomera">La Gomera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hospital_Universitario_Nuestra_Se%C3%B1ora_de_Candelaria" title="Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria">Hospital Universitario Nuestra Señora de Candelaria</a> – <a href="/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife">Tenerife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hospital_Universitario_de_Canarias" title="Hospital Universitario de Canarias">Hospital Universitario de Canarias</a> – <a href="/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife">Tenerife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hospital_del_Sur_de_Tenerife" title="Hospital del Sur de Tenerife">Hospital del Sur de Tenerife</a> – <a href="/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife">Tenerife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hospital_del_Norte_de_Tenerife" title="Hospital del Norte de Tenerife">Hospital del Norte de Tenerife</a> – <a href="/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife">Tenerife</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hospital_Universitario_de_Gran_Canaria_Doctor_Negr%C3%ADn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Doctor Negrín (page does not exist)">Hospital Universitario de Gran Canaria Doctor Negrín</a> – <a href="/wiki/Gran_Canaria" title="Gran Canaria">Gran Canaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hospital_Universitario_Insular_de_Gran_Canaria" title="Hospital Universitario Insular de Gran Canaria">Hospital Universitario Insular de Gran Canaria</a> – <a href="/wiki/Gran_Canaria" title="Gran Canaria">Gran Canaria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hospital_General_de_Lanzarote_Doctor_Jos%C3%A9_Molina_Orosa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hospital General de Lanzarote Doctor José Molina Orosa (page does not exist)">Hospital General de Lanzarote Doctor José Molina Orosa</a> – <a href="/wiki/Lanzarote" title="Lanzarote">Lanzarote</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hospital_General_de_Fuerteventura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hospital General de Fuerteventura (page does not exist)">Hospital General de Fuerteventura</a> – <a href="/wiki/Fuerteventura" title="Fuerteventura">Fuerteventura</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Wildlife">Wildlife</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: Wildlife"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2012-01-10_14-53-40_Spain_Canarias_Cofete.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/2012-01-10_14-53-40_Spain_Canarias_Cofete.jpg/220px-2012-01-10_14-53-40_Spain_Canarias_Cofete.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/2012-01-10_14-53-40_Spain_Canarias_Cofete.jpg/330px-2012-01-10_14-53-40_Spain_Canarias_Cofete.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/2012-01-10_14-53-40_Spain_Canarias_Cofete.jpg/440px-2012-01-10_14-53-40_Spain_Canarias_Cofete.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4112" data-file-height="2741" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Euphorbia_canariensis" title="Euphorbia canariensis">Canary Island spurge</a> in Fuerteventura</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fauna">Fauna</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=49" title="Edit section: Fauna"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_the_Canary_Islands" title="List of birds of the Canary Islands">List of birds of the Canary Islands</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_reptiles_of_the_Canary_Islands" title="List of reptiles of the Canary Islands">List of reptiles of the Canary Islands</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_Lepidoptera_of_the_Canary_Islands" title="List of Lepidoptera of the Canary Islands">List of Lepidoptera of the Canary Islands</a>, and <a href="/wiki/List_of_non-marine_molluscs_of_the_Canary_Islands" title="List of non-marine molluscs of the Canary Islands">List of non-marine molluscs of the Canary Islands</a></div> <p>The bird life includes European and African species, such as the <a href="/wiki/Black-bellied_sandgrouse" title="Black-bellied sandgrouse">black-bellied sandgrouse</a>, <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_canary" title="Atlantic canary">Canary</a>, Graja, a subspecies of <a href="/wiki/Red-billed_chough" title="Red-billed chough">red-billed chough</a> endemic to La Palma, <a href="/wiki/Gran_Canaria_blue_chaffinch" title="Gran Canaria blue chaffinch">Gran Canaria blue chaffinch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tenerife_blue_chaffinch" title="Tenerife blue chaffinch">Tenerife blue chaffinch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canary_Islands_chiffchaff" title="Canary Islands chiffchaff">Canary Islands chiffchaff</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fuerteventura_chat" class="mw-redirect" title="Fuerteventura chat">Fuerteventura chat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tenerife_goldcrest" title="Tenerife goldcrest">Tenerife goldcrest</a>, <a href="/wiki/La_Palma_chaffinch" title="La Palma chaffinch">La Palma chaffinch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canarian_Egyptian_vulture" class="mw-redirect" title="Canarian Egyptian vulture">Canarian Egyptian vulture</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bolle%27s_pigeon" title="Bolle's pigeon">Bolle's pigeon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Laurel_pigeon" title="Laurel pigeon">Laurel pigeon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Plain_swift" title="Plain swift">Plain swift</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Houbara_bustard" class="mw-redirect" title="Houbara bustard">Houbara bustard</a>. </p><p>Terrestrial fauna includes the <a href="/wiki/El_Hierro_giant_lizard" title="El Hierro giant lizard">El Hierro giant lizard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tachina_canariensis" title="Tachina canariensis">Tachina canariensis</a>, <a href="/wiki/La_Gomera_giant_lizard" title="La Gomera giant lizard">La Gomera giant lizard</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/La_Palma_giant_lizard" title="La Palma giant lizard">La Palma giant lizard</a>. Mammals include the <a href="/wiki/Canarian_shrew" title="Canarian shrew">Canarian shrew</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canary_big-eared_bat" class="mw-redirect" title="Canary big-eared bat">Canary big-eared bat</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Algerian_hedgehog" class="mw-redirect" title="Algerian hedgehog">Algerian hedgehog</a>, and the more recently introduced <a href="/wiki/Mouflon" title="Mouflon">mouflon</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Extinct_fauna">Extinct fauna</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=50" title="Edit section: Extinct fauna"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Canariomys_bravoi_skull.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Canariomys_bravoi_skull.JPG/220px-Canariomys_bravoi_skull.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Canariomys_bravoi_skull.JPG/330px-Canariomys_bravoi_skull.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Canariomys_bravoi_skull.JPG/440px-Canariomys_bravoi_skull.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1250" data-file-height="817" /></a><figcaption>Skull of <a href="/wiki/Tenerife_giant_rat" title="Tenerife giant rat">Tenerife giant rat</a> (<i>Canariomys bravoi</i>), an endemic species that is now extinct</figcaption></figure> <p>The Canary Islands were previously inhabited by a variety of endemic animals, such as extinct giant lizards (<i><a href="/wiki/Gallotia_goliath" title="Gallotia goliath">Gallotia goliath</a></i>), giant tortoises (<i><a href="/wiki/Centrochelys_burchardi" title="Centrochelys burchardi">Centrochelys burchardi</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Centrochelys_vulcanica" title="Centrochelys vulcanica">C. vulcanica</a></i>),<sup id="cite_ref-152" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-152"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>151<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Tenerife_giant_rat" title="Tenerife giant rat">Tenerife</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gran_Canaria_giant_rat" title="Gran Canaria giant rat">Gran Canaria</a> giant rats (<i>Canariomys bravoi</i> and <i>C. tamarani</i>),<sup id="cite_ref-153" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-153"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>152<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> among others. Extinct birds known only from <a href="/wiki/Pleistocene" title="Pleistocene">Pleistocene</a> and <a href="/wiki/Holocene" title="Holocene">Holocene</a> age bones include the <a href="/wiki/Canary_Islands_quail" title="Canary Islands quail">Canary Islands quail</a> (<i>Coturnix gomerae</i>), <a href="/wiki/Dune_shearwater" title="Dune shearwater">Dune shearwater</a> (<i>Puffinus holeae</i>), <a href="/wiki/Lava_shearwater" title="Lava shearwater">Lava shearwater</a> (<i>P. olsoni</i>), <a href="/wiki/Trias_greenfinch" title="Trias greenfinch">Trias greenfinch</a> (<i>Chloris triasi</i>), <a href="/wiki/Slender-billed_greenfinch" title="Slender-billed greenfinch">Slender-billed greenfinch</a> (<i>C. aurelioi</i>) and the <a href="/wiki/Long-legged_bunting" title="Long-legged bunting">Long-legged bunting</a> (<i>Emberiza alcoveri</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-154" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-154"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>153<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Marine_life">Marine life</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=51" title="Edit section: Marine life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Marine_life_of_the_Canary_Islands" title="Marine life of the Canary Islands">Marine life of the Canary Islands</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Caretta_caretta_060417w2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Caretta_caretta_060417w2.jpg/220px-Caretta_caretta_060417w2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Caretta_caretta_060417w2.jpg/330px-Caretta_caretta_060417w2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/53/Caretta_caretta_060417w2.jpg/440px-Caretta_caretta_060417w2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1296" data-file-height="864" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Loggerhead_sea_turtle" title="Loggerhead sea turtle">loggerhead sea turtle</a>, by far the most common species of marine turtle in the Canary Islands</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Marine_life" title="Marine life">marine life</a> found in the Canary Islands is also varied, being a combination of <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean" title="Atlantic Ocean">North Atlantic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Sea" title="Mediterranean Sea">Mediterranean</a> and <a href="/wiki/Endemism" title="Endemism">endemic</a> species. In recent years, the increasing popularity of both <a href="/wiki/Scuba_diving" title="Scuba diving">scuba diving</a> and <a href="/wiki/Underwater_photography" title="Underwater photography">underwater photography</a> have provided biologists with much new information on the marine life of the islands. </p><p>Fish species found in the islands include many species of <a href="/wiki/Shark" title="Shark">shark</a>, <a href="/wiki/Batoidea" class="mw-redirect" title="Batoidea">ray</a>, <a href="/wiki/Moray_eel" title="Moray eel">moray eel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sparidae" title="Sparidae">bream</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carangidae" title="Carangidae">jack</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grunt-fish" class="mw-redirect" title="Grunt-fish">grunt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scorpionfish" class="mw-redirect" title="Scorpionfish">scorpionfish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Triggerfish" title="Triggerfish">triggerfish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grouper" title="Grouper">grouper</a>, <a href="/wiki/Goby" title="Goby">goby</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Blenny" class="mw-redirect" title="Blenny">blenny</a>. In addition, there are many invertebrate species, including <a href="/wiki/Sponge" title="Sponge">sponge</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jellyfish" title="Jellyfish">jellyfish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sea_anemone" title="Sea anemone">anemone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crab" title="Crab">crab</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mollusc" class="mw-redirect" title="Mollusc">mollusc</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sea_urchin" title="Sea urchin">sea urchin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Starfish" title="Starfish">starfish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Holothuroidea" class="mw-redirect" title="Holothuroidea">sea cucumber</a> and <a href="/wiki/Coral" title="Coral">coral</a>. </p><p>There are a total of five different species of <a href="/wiki/Marine_turtle" class="mw-redirect" title="Marine turtle">marine turtle</a> that are sighted periodically in the islands, the most common of these being the <a href="/wiki/Endangered" class="mw-redirect" title="Endangered">endangered</a> <a href="/wiki/Loggerhead_sea_turtle" title="Loggerhead sea turtle">loggerhead sea turtle</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-155" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-155"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>154<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The other four are the <a href="/wiki/Green_sea_turtle" title="Green sea turtle">green sea turtle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hawksbill_sea_turtle" title="Hawksbill sea turtle">hawksbill sea turtle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leatherback_sea_turtle" title="Leatherback sea turtle">leatherback sea turtle</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kemp%27s_ridley_sea_turtle" title="Kemp's ridley sea turtle">Kemp's ridley sea turtle</a>. Currently, there are no signs that any of these species breed in the islands, and so those seen in the water are usually <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/migration" class="extiw" title="wikt:migration">migrating</a>. However, it is believed that some of these species may have bred in the islands in the past, and there are records of several sightings of leatherback sea turtle on beaches in Fuerteventura, adding credibility to the theory. </p><p>Marine mammals include the large varieties of <a href="/wiki/Cetacean" class="mw-redirect" title="Cetacean">cetaceans</a> including rare and not well-known species (see more details in the <i><a href="/wiki/Marine_life_of_the_Canary_Islands" title="Marine life of the Canary Islands">Marine life of the Canary Islands</a></i>). <a href="/wiki/Hooded_seals" class="mw-redirect" title="Hooded seals">Hooded seals</a><sup id="cite_ref-156" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-156"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>155<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> have also been known to be vagrant in the Canary Islands every now and then. The Canary Islands were also formerly home to a population of the rarest <a href="/wiki/Pinniped" title="Pinniped">pinniped</a> in the world, the <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_monk_seal" title="Mediterranean monk seal">Mediterranean monk seal</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Native_flora_gallery">Native flora gallery</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=52" title="Edit section: Native flora gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 188.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 186.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arbutus_canariensis2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Arbutus canariensis"><img alt="Arbutus canariensis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Arbutus_canariensis2.jpg/280px-Arbutus_canariensis2.jpg" decoding="async" width="187" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Arbutus_canariensis2.jpg/420px-Arbutus_canariensis2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Arbutus_canariensis2.jpg/560px-Arbutus_canariensis2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Arbutus_canariensis" title="Arbutus canariensis">Arbutus canariensis</a></i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 201.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 199.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Argyranthemum_frutescens_cv_Vera_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Argyranthemum frutescens"><img alt="Argyranthemum frutescens" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Argyranthemum_frutescens_cv_Vera_2.jpg/299px-Argyranthemum_frutescens_cv_Vera_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Argyranthemum_frutescens_cv_Vera_2.jpg/448px-Argyranthemum_frutescens_cv_Vera_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Argyranthemum_frutescens_cv_Vera_2.jpg/598px-Argyranthemum_frutescens_cv_Vera_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1161" data-file-height="816" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Argyranthemum_frutescens" title="Argyranthemum frutescens">Argyranthemum frutescens</a></i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 80.666666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 78.666666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bosea_yervamora_berries.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Bosea yervamora"><img alt="Bosea yervamora" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Bosea_yervamora_berries.JPG/118px-Bosea_yervamora_berries.JPG" decoding="async" width="79" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Bosea_yervamora_berries.JPG/177px-Bosea_yervamora_berries.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Bosea_yervamora_berries.JPG/236px-Bosea_yervamora_berries.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2268" data-file-height="4032" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Bosea_yervamora" title="Bosea yervamora">Bosea yervamora</a></i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 192px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Canarina_canariensis_Tenerife_(02).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Canarina canariensis"><img alt="Canarina canariensis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Canarina_canariensis_Tenerife_%2802%29.jpg/285px-Canarina_canariensis_Tenerife_%2802%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="190" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Canarina_canariensis_Tenerife_%2802%29.jpg/427px-Canarina_canariensis_Tenerife_%2802%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Canarina_canariensis_Tenerife_%2802%29.jpg/569px-Canarina_canariensis_Tenerife_%2802%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2106" data-file-height="1554" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Canarina_canariensis" title="Canarina canariensis">Canarina canariensis</a></i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 106.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 104.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Digitalis_(Isoplexis)_canariensis_by_Scott_zona_-_004.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Digitalis canariensis"><img alt="Digitalis canariensis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Digitalis_%28Isoplexis%29_canariensis_by_Scott_zona_-_004.jpg/157px-Digitalis_%28Isoplexis%29_canariensis_by_Scott_zona_-_004.jpg" decoding="async" width="105" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Digitalis_%28Isoplexis%29_canariensis_by_Scott_zona_-_004.jpg/236px-Digitalis_%28Isoplexis%29_canariensis_by_Scott_zona_-_004.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Digitalis_%28Isoplexis%29_canariensis_by_Scott_zona_-_004.jpg/315px-Digitalis_%28Isoplexis%29_canariensis_by_Scott_zona_-_004.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2736" data-file-height="3648" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Digitalis_canariensis" title="Digitalis canariensis">Digitalis canariensis</a></i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 188.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 186.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tajinaste_rojo.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Echium wildpretii"><img alt="Echium wildpretii" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Tajinaste_rojo.jpg/280px-Tajinaste_rojo.jpg" decoding="async" width="187" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Tajinaste_rojo.jpg/420px-Tajinaste_rojo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Tajinaste_rojo.jpg/560px-Tajinaste_rojo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Echium_wildpretii" title="Echium wildpretii">Echium wildpretii</a></i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 188.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 186.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Euphorbia_canariensis2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Euphorbia canariensis"><img alt="Euphorbia canariensis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Euphorbia_canariensis2.jpg/280px-Euphorbia_canariensis2.jpg" decoding="async" width="187" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Euphorbia_canariensis2.jpg/420px-Euphorbia_canariensis2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Euphorbia_canariensis2.jpg/560px-Euphorbia_canariensis2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Euphorbia_canariensis" title="Euphorbia canariensis">Euphorbia canariensis</a></i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 95.333333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 93.333333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gonospermum_elegans.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gonospermum elegans"><img alt="Gonospermum elegans" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Gonospermum_elegans.jpg/140px-Gonospermum_elegans.jpg" decoding="async" width="94" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Gonospermum_elegans.jpg/211px-Gonospermum_elegans.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Gonospermum_elegans.jpg/281px-Gonospermum_elegans.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="3872" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Gonospermum elegans</i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 188.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 186.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lavatera_acerifolia_var._acerifolia_(Jard%C3%ADn_Bot%C3%A1nico_Canario_Viera_y_Clavijo).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lavatera acerifolia var. acerifolia"><img alt="Lavatera acerifolia var. acerifolia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Lavatera_acerifolia_var._acerifolia_%28Jard%C3%ADn_Bot%C3%A1nico_Canario_Viera_y_Clavijo%29.jpg/280px-Lavatera_acerifolia_var._acerifolia_%28Jard%C3%ADn_Bot%C3%A1nico_Canario_Viera_y_Clavijo%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="187" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Lavatera_acerifolia_var._acerifolia_%28Jard%C3%ADn_Bot%C3%A1nico_Canario_Viera_y_Clavijo%29.jpg/420px-Lavatera_acerifolia_var._acerifolia_%28Jard%C3%ADn_Bot%C3%A1nico_Canario_Viera_y_Clavijo%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Lavatera_acerifolia_var._acerifolia_%28Jard%C3%ADn_Bot%C3%A1nico_Canario_Viera_y_Clavijo%29.jpg/560px-Lavatera_acerifolia_var._acerifolia_%28Jard%C3%ADn_Bot%C3%A1nico_Canario_Viera_y_Clavijo%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Lavatera_acerifolia" class="mw-redirect" title="Lavatera acerifolia">Lavatera acerifolia var. acerifolia</a></i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 188.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 186.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lavatera_phoenicea1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lavatera phoenicea"><img alt="Lavatera phoenicea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Lavatera_phoenicea1.jpg/280px-Lavatera_phoenicea1.jpg" decoding="async" width="187" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Lavatera_phoenicea1.jpg/420px-Lavatera_phoenicea1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Lavatera_phoenicea1.jpg/560px-Lavatera_phoenicea1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Lavatera_phoenicea" class="mw-redirect" title="Lavatera phoenicea">Lavatera phoenicea</a></i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 188.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 186.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lotus_berthelotii1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lotus berthelotii"><img alt="Lotus berthelotii" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Lotus_berthelotii1.jpg/280px-Lotus_berthelotii1.jpg" decoding="async" width="187" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Lotus_berthelotii1.jpg/420px-Lotus_berthelotii1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Lotus_berthelotii1.jpg/560px-Lotus_berthelotii1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Lotus_berthelotii" title="Lotus berthelotii">Lotus berthelotii</a></i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 188.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 186.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pericallis_webbii.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pericallis webbii"><img alt="Pericallis webbii" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Pericallis_webbii.jpg/280px-Pericallis_webbii.jpg" decoding="async" width="187" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Pericallis_webbii.jpg/420px-Pericallis_webbii.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Pericallis_webbii.jpg/560px-Pericallis_webbii.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Pericallis webbii</i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 188.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 186.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Persea_indica.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Persea indica"><img alt="Persea indica" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Persea_indica.jpg/280px-Persea_indica.jpg" decoding="async" width="187" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Persea_indica.jpg/420px-Persea_indica.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Persea_indica.jpg/560px-Persea_indica.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Persea_indica" title="Persea indica">Persea indica</a></i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 188.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 186.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Phoenix_canariensis_(Puntallana)_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Phoenix canariensis"><img alt="Phoenix canariensis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Phoenix_canariensis_%28Puntallana%29_01.jpg/280px-Phoenix_canariensis_%28Puntallana%29_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="187" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Phoenix_canariensis_%28Puntallana%29_01.jpg/420px-Phoenix_canariensis_%28Puntallana%29_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Phoenix_canariensis_%28Puntallana%29_01.jpg/560px-Phoenix_canariensis_%28Puntallana%29_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Phoenix_canariensis" title="Phoenix canariensis">Phoenix canariensis</a></i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 188.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 186.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sonchus_palmensis_(Barlovento)_04.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sonchus palmensis"><img alt="Sonchus palmensis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Sonchus_palmensis_%28Barlovento%29_04.jpg/280px-Sonchus_palmensis_%28Barlovento%29_04.jpg" decoding="async" width="187" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Sonchus_palmensis_%28Barlovento%29_04.jpg/420px-Sonchus_palmensis_%28Barlovento%29_04.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Sonchus_palmensis_%28Barlovento%29_04.jpg/560px-Sonchus_palmensis_%28Barlovento%29_04.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Sonchus_palmensis" title="Sonchus palmensis">Sonchus palmensis</a></i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 106.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 104.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Spartocytisus_supranubius.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cytisus supranubius"><img alt="Cytisus supranubius" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Spartocytisus_supranubius.jpg/157px-Spartocytisus_supranubius.jpg" decoding="async" width="105" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Spartocytisus_supranubius.jpg/236px-Spartocytisus_supranubius.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Spartocytisus_supranubius.jpg/315px-Spartocytisus_supranubius.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1704" data-file-height="2272" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i><a href="/wiki/Cytisus_supranubius" title="Cytisus supranubius">Cytisus supranubius</a></i></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Holidays">Holidays</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=53" title="Edit section: Holidays"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Danza_de_Enanos_2015_PMBV.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Danza_de_Enanos_2015_PMBV.jpg/170px-Danza_de_Enanos_2015_PMBV.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="254" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Danza_de_Enanos_2015_PMBV.jpg/255px-Danza_de_Enanos_2015_PMBV.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Danza_de_Enanos_2015_PMBV.jpg/340px-Danza_de_Enanos_2015_PMBV.jpg 2x" data-file-width="428" data-file-height="640" /></a><figcaption>The Dance of the Dwarves is one of the most important acts of the Lustral Festivities of the <i>Bajada de la Virgen de las Nieves</i> in <a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_de_La_Palma" title="Santa Cruz de La Palma">Santa Cruz de La Palma</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bailarines.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Bailarines.jpg/170px-Bailarines.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="282" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Bailarines.jpg/255px-Bailarines.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Bailarines.jpg/340px-Bailarines.jpg 2x" data-file-width="449" data-file-height="745" /></a><figcaption>Dancers with typical costume in El Tamaduste (<a href="/wiki/El_Hierro" title="El Hierro">El Hierro</a>)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Banda_de_Agaete_en_la_Tra%C3%ADda_del_Agua.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Banda_de_Agaete_en_la_Tra%C3%ADda_del_Agua.jpg/170px-Banda_de_Agaete_en_la_Tra%C3%ADda_del_Agua.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Banda_de_Agaete_en_la_Tra%C3%ADda_del_Agua.jpg/255px-Banda_de_Agaete_en_la_Tra%C3%ADda_del_Agua.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/78/Banda_de_Agaete_en_la_Tra%C3%ADda_del_Agua.jpg 2x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Band of <a href="/wiki/Agaete" title="Agaete">Agaete</a> in the <i>Traída del Agua</i> (<a href="/wiki/Gran_Canaria" title="Gran Canaria">Gran Canaria</a>)</figcaption></figure> <p>Some holidays of those celebrated in the Canary Islands are international and national, others are regional holidays and others are of insular character. The official day of the autonomous community is <a href="/wiki/Canary_Islands_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="Canary Islands Day">Canary Islands Day</a> on 30 May. The anniversary of the first session of the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_Canary_Islands" title="Parliament of the Canary Islands">Parliament of the Canary Islands</a>, based in the city of <a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a>, held on 30 May 1983, is commemorated with this day. </p><p>The common festive calendar throughout the Canary Islands is as follows:<sup id="cite_ref-157" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-157"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>156<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;margin: 1em auto;"> <tbody><tr> <th width="120">Date </th> <th width="70">Name </th> <th width="250">Data </th></tr> <tr> <td>1 January</td> <td><a href="/wiki/New_Year" title="New Year">New Year</a></td> <td>International festival. </td></tr> <tr> <td>6 January</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Epiphany_(holiday)" title="Epiphany (holiday)">Epiphany</a></td> <td>Catholic festival. </td></tr> <tr> <td>March or April</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Holy_Thursday" class="mw-redirect" title="Holy Thursday">Holy Thursday</a> and <a href="/wiki/Holy_Friday" class="mw-redirect" title="Holy Friday">Holy Friday</a></td> <td>Christian festival. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1 May</td> <td><a href="/wiki/International_Workers%27_Day" title="International Workers' Day">International Workers' Day</a></td> <td>International festival. </td></tr> <tr> <td>30 May</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Canary_Islands_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="Canary Islands Day">Canary Islands Day</a></td> <td>Day of the autonomous community. Anniversary of the first session of the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_Canary_Islands" title="Parliament of the Canary Islands">Parliament of the Canary Islands</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>15 August</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Assumption_of_Mary" title="Assumption of Mary">Assumption of Mary</a></td> <td>Catholic festival. This day is festive in the archipelago as in all of Spain. Popularly, in the Canary Islands it is known as the day on which the <a href="/wiki/Virgin_of_Candelaria" title="Virgin of Candelaria">Virgin of Candelaria</a> (Saint Patron of Canary Islands) is celebrated.<sup id="cite_ref-158" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-158"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>157<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-159" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-159"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>158<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>12 October</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fiesta_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a" class="mw-redirect" title="Fiesta Nacional de España">Fiesta Nacional de España</a> (<i>Día de la Hispanidad</i>)</td> <td>National Holiday of Spain. Commemoration of <a href="/wiki/Discovery_of_the_Americas" class="mw-redirect" title="Discovery of the Americas">discovery of the Americas</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>1 November</td> <td><a href="/wiki/All_Saints%27_Day" title="All Saints' Day">All Saints' Day</a></td> <td>Catholic festival. </td></tr> <tr> <td>6 December</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Constitution_Day" title="Constitution Day">Constitution Day</a></td> <td>Commemoration of the <a href="/wiki/Spanish_constitutional_referendum,_1978" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish constitutional referendum, 1978">Spanish constitutional referendum, 1978</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>8 December</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Immaculate_Conception" title="Immaculate Conception">Immaculate Conception</a></td> <td>Catholic festival. The Immaculate Conception is the Saint Patron of Spain. </td></tr> <tr> <td>25 December</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Christmas" title="Christmas">Christmas</a></td> <td>Christian festival. Commemoration of the birth of <a href="/wiki/Jesus_of_Nazareth" class="mw-redirect" title="Jesus of Nazareth">Jesus of Nazareth</a>. </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In addition, each of the islands has an island festival, in which it is a holiday only on that specific island. These are the festivities of island patrons saints of each island. Organized chronologically are:<sup id="cite_ref-160" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-160"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>159<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:center;margin: 1em auto;"> <tbody><tr> <th width="120">Date </th> <th width="70">Island </th> <th width="250">Saint/Virgin </th></tr> <tr> <td>2 February</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife">Tenerife</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Candelaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Our Lady of Candelaria">Our Lady of Candelaria</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>5 August</td> <td><a href="/wiki/La_Palma" title="La Palma">La Palma</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dedication_of_the_Basilica_of_St_Mary_Major" class="mw-redirect" title="Dedication of the Basilica of St Mary Major">Our Lady of the Snows</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>8 September</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gran_Canaria" title="Gran Canaria">Gran Canaria</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Virgen_del_Pino" title="Virgen del Pino">Our Lady of the Pine</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>15 September</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lanzarote" title="Lanzarote">Lanzarote</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Our_Lady_of_Dolours&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Our Lady of Dolours (page does not exist)">Our Lady of Dolours</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Third Saturday of the month of September</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fuerteventura" title="Fuerteventura">Fuerteventura</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Our_Lady_of_the_Pe%C3%B1a&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Our Lady of the Peña (page does not exist)">Our Lady of the Peña</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>24 September</td> <td><a href="/wiki/El_Hierro" title="El Hierro">El Hierro</a></td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Our_Lady_of_the_Kings&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Our Lady of the Kings (page does not exist)">Our Lady of the Kings</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Monday following the first Saturday of October</td> <td><a href="/wiki/La_Gomera" title="La Gomera">La Gomera</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Our_Lady_of_Guadalupe" title="Our Lady of Guadalupe">Our Lady of Guadalupe</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Desfile_del_S%C3%A1bado_de_Carnaval,_en_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Desfile_del_S%C3%A1bado_de_Carnaval%2C_en_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife.JPG/220px-Desfile_del_S%C3%A1bado_de_Carnaval%2C_en_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Desfile_del_S%C3%A1bado_de_Carnaval%2C_en_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife.JPG/330px-Desfile_del_S%C3%A1bado_de_Carnaval%2C_en_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Desfile_del_S%C3%A1bado_de_Carnaval%2C_en_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife.JPG/440px-Desfile_del_S%C3%A1bado_de_Carnaval%2C_en_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4896" data-file-height="3672" /></a><figcaption>Parade in the <a href="/wiki/Carnival_of_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Carnival of Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Carnival of Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The most famous festivals of the Canary Islands is the carnival. It is the most famous and international festival of the archipelago. The carnival is celebrated in all the islands and all its municipalities, perhaps the two busiest are those of the two Canarian capitals; the <a href="/wiki/Carnival_of_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Carnival of Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Carnival of Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a> (<i>Tourist Festival of International Interest</i>) and the <a href="/wiki/Carnival_of_Las_Palmas_de_Gran_Canaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Carnival of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria">Carnival of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria</a>. It is celebrated on the streets between the months of February and March. But the rest of the islands of the archipelago have their carnivals with their own traditions among which stand out: The Festival of the Carneros of <a href="/wiki/El_Hierro" title="El Hierro">El Hierro</a>, the Festival of the Diabletes of <a href="/wiki/Teguise_(municipality)" title="Teguise (municipality)">Teguise</a> in <a href="/wiki/Lanzarote" title="Lanzarote">Lanzarote</a>, Los Indianos de <a href="/wiki/La_Palma" title="La Palma">La Palma</a>, the Carnival of <a href="/wiki/San_Sebasti%C3%A1n_de_La_Gomera" title="San Sebastián de La Gomera">San Sebastián de La Gomera</a> and the Carnival of <a href="/wiki/Puerto_del_Rosario" title="Puerto del Rosario">Puerto del Rosario</a> in <a href="/wiki/Fuerteventura" title="Fuerteventura">Fuerteventura</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Science_and_technology">Science and technology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=54" title="Edit section: Science and technology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Erdfunkstelle_Gran_Canaria-3.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Erdfunkstelle_Gran_Canaria-3.JPG/220px-Erdfunkstelle_Gran_Canaria-3.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="91" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Erdfunkstelle_Gran_Canaria-3.JPG/330px-Erdfunkstelle_Gran_Canaria-3.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Erdfunkstelle_Gran_Canaria-3.JPG/440px-Erdfunkstelle_Gran_Canaria-3.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="1235" /></a><figcaption>Gran Canaria space tracking station</figcaption></figure> <p>In the 1960s, Gran Canaria was selected as the location for one of the 14 <a href="/wiki/Ground_stations" class="mw-redirect" title="Ground stations">ground stations</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Manned_Space_Flight_Network" title="Manned Space Flight Network">Manned Space Flight Network</a> (MSFN) to support the <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a> space program. <a href="/wiki/Maspalomas_Station" title="Maspalomas Station">Maspalomas Station</a>, located in the south of the island, took part in a number of space missions including the <a href="/wiki/Apollo_11" title="Apollo 11">Apollo 11</a> Moon landings and <a href="/wiki/Skylab" title="Skylab">Skylab</a>. Today it continues to support satellite communications as part of the <a href="/wiki/ESA" class="mw-redirect" title="ESA">ESA</a> network.<sup id="cite_ref-esa-page_161-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-esa-page-161"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>160<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Because of the remote location, a number of <a href="/wiki/Observatory" title="Observatory">astronomical observatories</a> are located in the archipelago, including the <a href="/wiki/Teide_Observatory" title="Teide Observatory">Teide Observatory</a> on Tenerife, the <a href="/wiki/Roque_de_los_Muchachos_Observatory" title="Roque de los Muchachos Observatory">Roque de los Muchachos Observatory</a> on La Palma, and the <a href="/wiki/Temisas_Astronomical_Observatory" title="Temisas Astronomical Observatory">Temisas Astronomical Observatory</a> on Gran Canaria. </p><p>Tenerife is the home of the <a href="/wiki/Instituto_de_Astrof%C3%ADsica_de_Canarias" title="Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias">Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias</a> (Astrophysical Institute of the Canaries). There is also an Instituto de Bio-Orgánica Antonio González (Antonio González Bio-Organic Institute) at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_La_Laguna" title="University of La Laguna">University of La Laguna</a>. Also at that university are the Instituto de Lingüística Andrés Bello (Andrés Bello Institute of Linguistics), the Centro de Estudios Medievales y Renacentistas (Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies), the Instituto Universitario de la Empresa (University Institute of Business), the Instituto de Derecho Regional (Regional Institute of Law), the Instituto Universitario de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales (University Institute of Political and Social Sciences) and the Instituto de Enfermedades Tropicales (Institute of Tropical Diseases). The latter is one of the seven institutions of the Red de Investigación de Centros de Enfermedades Tropicales (RICET, "Network of Research of Centers of Tropical Diseases"), located in various parts of Spain. The Instituto Volcanológico de Canarias (Volcanological Institute of the Canary Islands) is based in Tenerife.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sports">Sports</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=55" title="Edit section: Sports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RodriguezLopez2008.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/RodriguezLopez2008.jpg/220px-RodriguezLopez2008.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/RodriguezLopez2008.jpg/330px-RodriguezLopez2008.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/RodriguezLopez2008.jpg/440px-RodriguezLopez2008.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Estadio_Heliodoro_Rodr%C3%ADguez_L%C3%B3pez" title="Estadio Heliodoro Rodríguez López">Heliodoro Rodríguez López Stadium</a> in Tenerife, the stadium with the largest field area in the Canary Islands<sup id="cite_ref-162" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-162"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>161<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-163" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-163"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>162<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Estadiogc7septiembre2008.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Estadiogc7septiembre2008.jpg/220px-Estadiogc7septiembre2008.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Estadiogc7septiembre2008.jpg/330px-Estadiogc7septiembre2008.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Estadiogc7septiembre2008.jpg/440px-Estadiogc7septiembre2008.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Estadio_Gran_Canaria" title="Estadio Gran Canaria">Gran Canaria Stadium</a>, the biggest sports venue in the Canary Islands<sup id="cite_ref-164" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-164"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>163<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>A unique form of wrestling known as <a href="/wiki/Canarian_wrestling" title="Canarian wrestling">Canarian wrestling</a> (<i>lucha canaria</i>) has opponents stand in a special area called a "terrero" and try to throw each other to the ground using strength and quick movements.<sup id="cite_ref-ctspanish.com_165-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ctspanish.com-165"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>164<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Another sport is the "game of the sticks" (palo canario) where opponents fence with long sticks. This may have come about from the shepherds of the islands who would challenge each other using their long walking sticks.<sup id="cite_ref-ctspanish.com_165-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ctspanish.com-165"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>164<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Furthermore, there is the <a href="/wiki/Salto_del_pastor" class="mw-redirect" title="Salto del pastor">shepherd's jump</a> (<i>salto del pastor</i>). This involves using a long stick to vault over an open area. This sport possibly evolved from the shepherd's need to occasionally get over an open area in the hills as they were tending their sheep.<sup id="cite_ref-ctspanish.com_165-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ctspanish.com-165"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>164<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The two main <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">football</a> teams in the archipelago are: the <a href="/wiki/CD_Tenerife" title="CD Tenerife">CD Tenerife</a> (founded in 1912) and <a href="/wiki/UD_Las_Palmas" title="UD Las Palmas">UD Las Palmas</a> (founded in 1949). As of the 2023/2024 season, UD Las Palmas plays in La Liga, the top tier of Spanish football. CD Tenerife however plays in The Segunda Divisón. When in the same division, the clubs contest the <a href="/wiki/Canary_Islands_derby" title="Canary Islands derby">Canary Islands derby</a>. There are smaller clubs also playing in the mainland <a href="/wiki/Spanish_football_league_system" title="Spanish football league system">Spanish football league system</a>, most notably <a href="/wiki/UD_Lanzarote" title="UD Lanzarote">UD Lanzarote</a> and <a href="/wiki/CD_Laguna_de_Tenerife" title="CD Laguna de Tenerife">CD Laguna</a>, although no other Canarian clubs have played in the top flight. </p><p>The mountainous terrain of the Canary Islands also caters to the growing popularity of <a href="/wiki/Ultra_running" class="mw-redirect" title="Ultra running">ultra running</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ultramarathons" class="mw-redirect" title="Ultramarathons">ultramarathons</a> as host of annual competitive long-distance events including <a href="/wiki/CajaMar_Tenerife_Bluetrail" class="mw-redirect" title="CajaMar Tenerife Bluetrail">CajaMar Tenerife Bluetrail</a> on <a href="/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife">Tenerife</a>, <a href="/wiki/Transvulcania" title="Transvulcania">Transvulcania</a> on <a href="/wiki/La_Palma" title="La Palma">La Palma</a>, <a href="/wiki/Transgrancanaria" title="Transgrancanaria">Transgrancanaria</a><sup id="cite_ref-166" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-166"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>165<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> on <a href="/wiki/Gran_Canaria" title="Gran Canaria">Gran Canaria</a>, and the Half <a href="/wiki/Marathon_des_Sables" title="Marathon des Sables">Marathon des Sables</a> on <a href="/wiki/Fuerteventura" title="Fuerteventura">Fuerteventura</a>. A yearly <a href="/wiki/Ironman_Triathlon" title="Ironman Triathlon">Ironman Triathlon</a> has been taking place on <a href="/wiki/Lanzarote" title="Lanzarote">Lanzarote</a> since 1992.<sup id="cite_ref-ironman_167-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ironman-167"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>166<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ironmanhistory_168-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ironmanhistory-168"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>167<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notable_athletes">Notable athletes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=56" title="Edit section: Notable athletes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paco_Campos" title="Paco Campos">Paco Campos</a>, (1916–1995); a footballer who played as a forward. With 127 goals, 120 of which were for <a href="/wiki/Atl%C3%A9tico_Madrid" title="Atlético Madrid">Atlético Madrid</a>, he is the highest scoring player from the Canary Islands in <a href="/wiki/La_Liga" title="La Liga">La Liga</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicol%C3%A1s_Garc%C3%ADa_(taekwondo)" title="Nicolás García (taekwondo)">Nicolás García</a> Hemme, born 20 June 1988 in <a href="/wiki/Las_Palmas_de_Gran_Canaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Las Palmas de Gran Canaria">Las Palmas de Gran Canaria</a>, Canary Islands, <a href="/wiki/2012_London_Olympics" class="mw-redirect" title="2012 London Olympics">2012 London Olympics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taekwondo" title="Taekwondo">Taekwondo</a> Silver Medalist in Men's Welterweight category (−80 kg).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Cabrera" title="Al Cabrera">Alfredo Cabrera</a>, (1881–1964); <a href="/wiki/Shortstop" title="Shortstop">shortstop</a> for the <a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Cardinals" title="St. Louis Cardinals">St. Louis Cardinals</a> in 1913</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergio_Rodr%C3%ADguez" title="Sergio Rodríguez">Sergio Rodríguez</a>, born in <a href="/wiki/San_Crist%C3%B3bal_de_La_Laguna" title="San Cristóbal de La Laguna">San Cristóbal de La Laguna</a> in 1986, played <a href="/wiki/Point_guard" title="Point guard">point guard</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Portland_Trail_Blazers" title="Portland Trail Blazers">Portland Trail Blazers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sacramento_Kings" title="Sacramento Kings">Sacramento Kings</a>, and <a href="/wiki/New_York_Knicks" title="New York Knicks">New York Knicks</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Silva" title="David Silva">David Silva</a>, born in <a href="/wiki/Arguinegu%C3%ADn" title="Arguineguín">Arguineguín</a> in 1986, plays <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">association football</a> for <a href="/wiki/Real_Sociedad" title="Real Sociedad">Real Sociedad</a>, member of the <a href="/wiki/2010_FIFA_World_Cup" title="2010 FIFA World Cup">2010 FIFA World Cup</a> champion <a href="/wiki/Spain_men%27s_national_football_team" class="mw-redirect" title="Spain men's national football team">Spain national football team</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Carlos_Valer%C3%B3n" title="Juan Carlos Valerón">Juan Carlos Valerón</a>, born in <a href="/wiki/Arguinegu%C3%ADn" title="Arguineguín">Arguineguín</a> in 1975, played <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">association football</a> for <a href="/wiki/Deportivo_de_La_Coru%C3%B1a" title="Deportivo de La Coruña">Deportivo la Coruna</a> and <a href="/wiki/UD_Las_Palmas" title="UD Las Palmas">Las Palmas</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_(footballer,_born_1987)" title="Pedro (footballer, born 1987)">Pedro</a>, born in <a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a> in 1987, plays <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">association football</a> for <a href="/wiki/S.S._Lazio" class="mw-redirect" title="S.S. Lazio">Lazio</a>, member of the <a href="/wiki/2010_FIFA_World_Cup" title="2010 FIFA World Cup">2010 FIFA World Cup</a> champion <a href="/wiki/Spain_men%27s_national_football_team" class="mw-redirect" title="Spain men's national football team">Spain national football team</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carla_Su%C3%A1rez_Navarro" title="Carla Suárez Navarro">Carla Suárez Navarro</a>, born in <a href="/wiki/Las_Palmas_de_Gran_Canaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Las Palmas de Gran Canaria">Las Palmas de Gran Canaria</a> in 1988, professional tennis player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paola_Tirados" title="Paola Tirados">Paola Tirados</a>, born in <a href="/wiki/Las_Palmas_de_Gran_Canaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Las Palmas de Gran Canaria">Las Palmas de Gran Canaria</a> in 1980, synchronized swimmer, who participated in the Olympic Games of 2000, 2004 and 2008. She won the silver medal in Beijing in 2008 in the team competition category.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jes%C3%A9" title="Jesé">Jesé</a>, born in <a href="/wiki/Las_Palmas_de_Gran_Canaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Las Palmas de Gran Canaria">Las Palmas de Gran Canaria</a> in 1993, plays <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">association football</a> for <a href="/wiki/UD_Las_Palmas" title="UD Las Palmas">Las Palmas</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christo_Bezuidenhout" title="Christo Bezuidenhout">Christo Bezuidenhout</a>, born in <a href="/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife">Tenerife</a> in 1970, played <a href="/wiki/Rugby_union" title="Rugby union">rugby union</a> for <a href="/wiki/Gloucester_Rugby" title="Gloucester Rugby">Gloucester</a> and <a href="/wiki/South_Africa_national_rugby_union_team" title="South Africa national rugby union team">South Africa</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedri" title="Pedri">Pedri</a>, born in <a href="/wiki/Tegueste" title="Tegueste">Tegueste</a> in 2002, plays <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">association football</a> for <a href="/wiki/FC_Barcelona" title="FC Barcelona">Barcelona</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Misa_Rodr%C3%ADguez" title="Misa Rodríguez">Misa Rodríguez</a>, born in <a href="/wiki/Las_Palmas_de_Gran_Canaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Las Palmas de Gran Canaria">Las Palmas de Gran Canaria</a> in 1999, plays <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">association football</a> for <a href="/wiki/Real_Madrid_Femenino" title="Real Madrid Femenino">Real Madrid Femenino</a>. Member of the 2023 Women's World Cup winning <a href="/wiki/Spain_women%27s_national_football_team" title="Spain women's national football team">Spain women's national football team</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nico_Paz" title="Nico Paz">Nico Paz</a>, born in <a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a> in 2004, plays <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">association football</a> for <a href="/wiki/Como_1907" title="Como 1907">Como</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=57" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg/28px-Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg/42px-Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg/56px-Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Islands" title="Portal:Islands">Islands portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/32px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/48px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/64px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Spain" title="Portal:Spain">Spain portal</a></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="History_2">History</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=58" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife_(1797)" title="Battle of Santa Cruz de Tenerife (1797)">Battle of Santa Cruz de Tenerife (1797)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_Acentejo" title="First Battle of Acentejo">First Battle of Acentejo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyramids_of_G%C3%BC%C3%ADmar" title="Pyramids of Güímar">Pyramids of Güímar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Acentejo" title="Second Battle of Acentejo">Second Battle of Acentejo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanausu" title="Tanausu">Tanausu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenerife_airport_disaster" title="Tenerife airport disaster">Tenerife airport disaster</a>; the deadliest commercial <a href="/wiki/Aviation_accidents_and_incidents" title="Aviation accidents and incidents">aviation disaster</a> in history.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Geography">Geography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=59" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cumbre_Vieja" title="Cumbre Vieja">Cumbre Vieja</a>, a volcano on La Palma</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guatiza" title="Guatiza">Guatiza</a> (Lanzarote)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Matanza_de_Acentejo" title="La Matanza de Acentejo">La Matanza de Acentejo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Los_Llanos_de_Aridane" title="Los Llanos de Aridane">Los Llanos de Aridane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orotava_Valley" title="Orotava Valley">Orotava Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Andr%C3%A9s,_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="San Andrés, Santa Cruz de Tenerife">San Andrés</a></li> <li>Islands of <a href="/wiki/Macaronesia" title="Macaronesia">Macaronesia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Azores" title="Azores">Azores</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira">Madeira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabo_Verde" class="mw-redirect" title="Cabo Verde">Cabo Verde</a></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Culture">Culture</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=60" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canarian_cuisine" title="Canarian cuisine">Canarian cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canarian_Spanish" title="Canarian Spanish">Canarian Spanish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Canary_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion in Canary Islands">Religion in Canary Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isle%C3%B1o" class="mw-redirect" title="Isleño">Isleños</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_of_the_Canary_Islands" title="Military of the Canary Islands">Military of the Canary Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Canary_Islands" title="Music of the Canary Islands">Music of the Canary Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silbo_Gomero" title="Silbo Gomero">Silbo Gomero</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Whistled_language" title="Whistled language">whistled language</a>, is an indigenous variant of Spanish</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tortilla_canaria" title="Tortilla canaria">Tortilla canaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virgin_of_Candelaria" title="Virgin of Candelaria">Virgin of Candelaria</a> (Patron saint of Canary Islands)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=61" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notes">Notes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=62" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"So great was the danger that for nearly two years we kept constantly at a few days' notice an expedition of over five thousand men and their ships, ready to seize the Canary Islands, by which we could maintain air and sea control over the U-boats, and contact with Australasia round the Cape, if ever the harbour of Gibraltar were denied to us by the Spaniards."</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=63" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ine.es/jaxiT3/Datos.htm?t=2853">"Población por comunidades y ciudades autónomas y sexo"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304070843/https://www.ine.es/jaxiT3/Datos.htm?t=2853">Archived</a> from the original on 4 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 November</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Poblaci%C3%B3n+por+comunidades+y+ciudades+aut%C3%B3nomas+y+sexo.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ine.es%2FjaxiT3%2FDatos.htm%3Ft%3D2853&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ine.es/prensa/cre_2022.pdf">"Contabilidad Regional de España"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>www.ine.es</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231218104341/https://www.ine.es/prensa/cre_2022.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 18 December 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=hdi.globaldatalab.org&rft.atitle=Sub-national+HDI+%E2%80%93+Area+Database+%E2%80%93+Global+Data+Lab&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhdi.globaldatalab.org%2Fareadata%2Fshdi%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Utreta-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Utreta_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUtreta,_Federico1996" class="citation book cs1">Utreta, Federico (1996). <i>Canarias, secreto de estado: episodios inéditos de la transición política y militar en las islas</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 January</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=La+Naci%C3%B3n&rft.atitle=Canarias%2C+un+puente+entre+continentes&rft.date=2002-11-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lanacion.com.ar%2F451062-canarias-un-puente-entre-continentes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datosmacro.expansion.com/demografia/poblacion/espana-comunidades-autonomas/canarias">"Canarias - Población 2023 | Datosmacro.com"</a>. <i>datosmacro.expansion.com</i> (in Spanish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 March</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=datosmacro.expansion.com&rft.atitle=Canarias+-+Poblaci%C3%B3n+2023+%7C+Datosmacro.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdatosmacro.expansion.com%2Fdemografia%2Fpoblacion%2Fespana-comunidades-autonomas%2Fcanarias&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Agence_France_Presse-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Agence_France_Presse_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Agence_France_Presse_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1">[Tourist arrivals in the Canary Islands "Tourist arrivals in the Canary Islands in 2023"].</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tourist+arrivals+in+the+Canary+Islands+in+2023&rft_id=Tourist+arrivals+in+the+Canary+Islands&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Check <code class="cs1-code">|url=</code> value (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#bad_url" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">CS1 maint: url-status (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_url-status" title="Category:CS1 maint: url-status">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gobiernodecanarias1-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-gobiernodecanarias1_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-gobiernodecanarias1_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gobiernodecanarias.org/istac/estadisticas/turismo/area_11a_frame.html">Página web</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100829205532/http://www2.gobiernodecanarias.org/istac/estadisticas/turismo/area_11a_frame.html">Archived</a> 29 August 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> del ISTAC sobre entrada de turistas en Canarias.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080531201416/http://www.worldtravelguide.net/country/51/climate/Europe/Canary-Islands.html">"Canary Islands Weather and Climate"</a>. <i>Worldtravelguide.net</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 January</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Worldtravelguide.net&rft.atitle=Canary+Islands+Weather+and+Climate&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldtravelguide.net%2Fcountry%2F51%2Fclimate%2FEurope%2FCanary-Islands.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eso.org/public/announcements/ann15010/">"First Light for Laser Guide Star Technology Collaboration"</a>. European Southern Observatory. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150224022007/http://www.eso.org/public/announcements/ann15010/">Archived</a> from the original on 24 February 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 February</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=First+Light+for+Laser+Guide+Star+Technology+Collaboration&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eso.org%2Fpublic%2Fannouncements%2Fann15010%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-estatuto2018-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-estatuto2018_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.boe.es/eli/es/lo/2018/11/05/1">"Ley Orgánica 1/2018, de 5 de noviembre, de reforma del Estatuto de Autonomía de Canarias"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Bolet%C3%ADn_Oficial_del_Estado" title="Boletín Oficial del Estado">BOE</a></i> (in Spanish). 6 November 2018. pp. 107645–107708. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190923070315/https://www.boe.es/eli/es/lo/2018/11/05/1">Archived</a> from the original on 23 September 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 September</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BOE&rft.atitle=Ley+Org%C3%A1nica+1%2F2018%2C+de+5+de+noviembre%2C+de+reforma+del+Estatuto+de+Autonom%C3%ADa+de+Canarias.&rft.pages=107645-107708&rft.date=2018-11-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.boe.es%2Feli%2Fes%2Flo%2F2018%2F11%2F05%2F1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-es.wikisource.org-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-es.wikisource.org_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-es.wikisource.org_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-es.wikisource.org_16-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-es.wikisource.org_16-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a class="external text" href="https://es.wikisource.org/wiki/Real_Decreto_de_30_de_noviembre_de_1833">"Real Decreto de 30 de noviembre de 1833 – Wikisource"</a>. <i>es.wikisource.org</i> (in Spanish). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240725064408/https://es.wikisource.org/wiki/Real_Decreto_de_30_de_noviembre_de_1833">Archived</a> from the original on 25 July 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 January</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=es.wikisource.org&rft.atitle=Real+Decreto+de+30+de+noviembre+de+1833+%E2%80%93+Wikisource&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fes.wikisource.org%2Fwiki%2FReal_Decreto_de_30_de_noviembre_de_1833&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gobiernodecanarias.org-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-gobiernodecanarias.org_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-gobiernodecanarias.org_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gobiernodecanarias.org/tuestatuto/docs/1833-12-03%20Decreto%20de%20division%20provincial.pdf"><i>Real Decreto de 30 de noviembre de 1833</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120722105020/http://www.gobiernodecanarias.org/tuestatuto/docs/1833-12-03%20Decreto%20de%20division%20provincial.pdf">Archived</a> 22 July 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> en el sitio web oficial del Gobierno de Canarias</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151208063655/http://www.canarias7.es/articulo.cfm?Id=40362">"La población de Canarias se ha multiplicado por trece en los últimos 250 años"</a>. <i>Canarias7.es</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.canarias7.es/articulo.cfm?Id=40362">the original</a> on 8 December 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 February</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Canarias7.es&rft.atitle=La+poblaci%C3%B3n+de+Canarias+se+ha+multiplicado+por+trece+en+los+%C3%BAltimos+250+a%C3%B1os&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.canarias7.es%2Farticulo.cfm%3FId%3D40362&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Real_Decreto_Canarias-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Real_Decreto_Canarias_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Real_Decreto_Canarias_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gobiernodecanarias.org/tuestatuto/docs/1833-12-03%20Decreto%20de%20division%20provincial.pdf"><i>Real Decreto de 30 de noviembre de 1833</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120722105020/http://www.gobiernodecanarias.org/tuestatuto/docs/1833-12-03%20Decreto%20de%20division%20provincial.pdf">Archived</a> 22 July 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> at the official website of the Canary Islands Government</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tenerife2.com/ciudades/lalaguna.html">"La Laguna. Guía turística de Tenerife. Tenerife, la isla de la eterna primavera"</a>. <i>Tenerife2.com</i>. Publiceuta S.L. 5 January 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141124164807/http://www.tenerife2.com/ciudades/lalaguna.html">Archived</a> from the original on 24 November 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 January</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tenerife2.com&rft.atitle=La+Laguna.+Gu%C3%ADa+tur%C3%ADstica+de+Tenerife.+Tenerife%2C+la+isla+de+la+eterna+primavera&rft.date=2009-01-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tenerife2.com%2Fciudades%2Flalaguna.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tenerife.es/planes/PTEOSistemaViarioAMetro/adjuntos/II0206a.pdf">"2.2.6. Diagnóstico"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Plan Territorial Especial De Ordenación Del Sistema Viario Del Área Metropolitana De Tenerife</i> (in Spanish). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190808043729/https://www.tenerife.es/planes/PTEOSistemaViarioAMetro/adjuntos/II0206a.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 8 August 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 January</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Plan+Territorial+Especial+De+Ordenaci%C3%B3n+Del+Sistema+Viario+Del+%C3%81rea+Metropolitana+De+Tenerife&rft.atitle=2.2.6.+Diagn%C3%B3stico&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tenerife.es%2Fplanes%2FPTEOSistemaViarioAMetro%2Fadjuntos%2FII0206a.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dracma.free.fr/tenerife.html">"Presentación general de la isla"</a>. <i>Dracma</i> (in Spanish). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303202410/http://dracma.free.fr/tenerife.html">Archived</a> from the original on 3 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 January</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dracma&rft.atitle=Presentaci%C3%B3n+general+de+la+isla&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdracma.free.fr%2Ftenerife.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://info.flheritage.com/galleon-trail/platefleets.cfm">"1733 Spanish Galleon Trail, Plate Fleets"</a>. <i>flheritage.com</i>. Florida Department of State. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160528205005/http://info.flheritage.com/galleon-trail/plateFleets.cfm">Archived</a> from the original on 28 May 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 August</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=flheritage.com&rft.atitle=1733+Spanish+Galleon+Trail%2C+Plate+Fleets&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Finfo.flheritage.com%2Fgalleon-trail%2Fplatefleets.cfm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://earthguide.ucsd.edu/virtualmuseum/climatechange1/08_1.shtml">"Trade Winds and the Hadley Cell"</a>. <i>earthguide.ucsd.edu</i>. Calspace, University of California, San Diego. 24 June 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080521101305/http://earthguide.ucsd.edu/virtualmuseum/climatechange1/08_1.shtml">Archived</a> from the original on 21 May 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 August</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=earthguide.ucsd.edu&rft.atitle=Trade+Winds+and+the+Hadley+Cell&rft.date=2013-06-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fearthguide.ucsd.edu%2Fvirtualmuseum%2Fclimatechange1%2F08_1.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pliny the Elder, <i>The Natural History</i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://perseus.uchicago.edu/perseus-cgi/citequery3.pl?dbname=PerseusLatinTexts&getid=1&query=Plin.%20Nat.%206.37">Book 6, Chap. 37. (32.)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190429031139/http://perseus.uchicago.edu/perseus-cgi/citequery3.pl?dbname=PerseusLatinTexts&getid=1&query=Plin.%20Nat.%206.37">Archived</a> 29 April 2019 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> —The Fortunate Islands</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPliny_the_Elder1855" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol"><a href="/wiki/Pliny_the_Elder" title="Pliny the Elder">Pliny the Elder</a> (1855) [77 CE]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.02.0137:book=5:chapter=1">"1 The Two Mauritanias"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Natural_History_(Pliny)" title="Natural History (Pliny)"><i>The Natural History</i></a>. Vol. 5 An account of countries, nations, seas, towns, havens, mountains, rivers, distances, and peoples who now exist or formerly existed. Translated by John Bostock. London: Taylor and Francis<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.elhierro.es&rft.atitle=History+%7C+portal&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.elhierro.es%2Fen%2Fhistory&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Ferro">"Ferro | Volcanic Island, Atlantic Ocean, Nature Reserve | Britannica"</a>. <i>www.britannica.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231113194244/https://www.britannica.com/place/Ferro">Archived</a> from the original on 13 November 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.britannica.com&rft.atitle=Ferro+%7C+Volcanic+Island%2C+Atlantic+Ocean%2C+Nature+Reserve+%7C+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fplace%2FFerro&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarracedoTrollDayGeiger2022" class="citation journal cs1">Carracedo, Juan C.; Troll, Valentin R.; Day, James M. D.; Geiger, Harri; Aulinas, Meritxell; Soler, Vicente; Deegan, Frances M.; Perez-Torrado, Francisco J.; Gisbert, Guillem; Gazel, Esteban; Rodriguez-Gonzalez, Alejandro (May 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/gto.12388">"The 2021 eruption of the Cumbre Vieja volcanic ridge on La Palma, Canary Islands"</a>. <i>Geology Today</i>. <b>38</b> (3): 94–107. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2022GeolT..38...94C">2022GeolT..38...94C</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fgto.12388">10.1111/gto.12388</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0266-6979">0266-6979</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:246950800">246950800</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231203070622/https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/gto.12388">Archived</a> from the original on 3 December 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 July</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Geology+Today&rft.atitle=The+2021+eruption+of+the+Cumbre+Vieja+volcanic+ridge+on+La+Palma%2C+Canary+Islands&rft.volume=38&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=94-107&rft.date=2022-05&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fgto.12388&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A246950800%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=0266-6979&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2022GeolT..38...94C&rft.aulast=Carracedo&rft.aufirst=Juan+C.&rft.au=Troll%2C+Valentin+R.&rft.au=Day%2C+James+M.+D.&rft.au=Geiger%2C+Harri&rft.au=Aulinas%2C+Meritxell&rft.au=Soler%2C+Vicente&rft.au=Deegan%2C+Frances+M.&rft.au=Perez-Torrado%2C+Francisco+J.&rft.au=Gisbert%2C+Guillem&rft.au=Gazel%2C+Esteban&rft.au=Rodriguez-Gonzalez%2C+Alejandro&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fonlinelibrary.wiley.com%2Fdoi%2F10.1111%2Fgto.12388&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Monzón2019-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Monzón2019_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAgustín_Monzón2018" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Agustín Monzón (26 June 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.elindependiente.com/politica/2018/06/26/graciosa-convierte-octava-isla-canarias/">"La Graciosa se convierte en la octava isla de Canarias"</a>. <i>El Independiente</i> (in Spanish). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190416090007/https://www.elindependiente.com/politica/2018/06/26/graciosa-convierte-octava-isla-canarias/">Archived</a> from the original on 16 April 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 December</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=El+Independiente&rft.atitle=La+Graciosa+se+convierte+en+la+octava+isla+de+Canarias&rft.date=2018-06-26&rft.au=Agust%C3%ADn+Monz%C3%B3n&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.elindependiente.com%2Fpolitica%2F2018%2F06%2F26%2Fgraciosa-convierte-octava-isla-canarias%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMorris2018" class="citation news cs1">Morris, Hugh (28 June 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/destinations/europe/spain/canary-islands/lanzarote/articles/la-graciosa-why-visit-facts/">"Nine fascinating facts about the newest Canary Island"</a>. <i>The Telegraph</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191204010003/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/travel/destinations/europe/spain/canary-islands/lanzarote/articles/la-graciosa-why-visit-facts/">Archived</a> from the original on 4 December 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 December</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Nine+fascinating+facts+about+the+newest+Canary+Island&rft.date=2018-06-28&rft.aulast=Morris&rft.aufirst=Hugh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Ftravel%2Fdestinations%2Feurope%2Fspain%2Fcanary-islands%2Flanzarote%2Farticles%2Fla-graciosa-why-visit-facts%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lavanguardia.com/politica/20180626/45418824885/el-senado-reconoce-a-la-graciosa-como-la-octava-isla-canaria-habitada.html">"El Senado reconoce a La Graciosa como la octava isla canaria habitada"</a>. <i>La Vanguardia</i> (in Spanish). 26 June 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200428115825/https://www.lavanguardia.com/politica/20180626/45418824885/el-senado-reconoce-a-la-graciosa-como-la-octava-isla-canaria-habitada.html">Archived</a> from the original on 28 April 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 December</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=La+Vanguardia&rft.atitle=El+Senado+reconoce+a+La+Graciosa+como+la+octava+isla+canaria+habitada&rft.date=2018-06-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lavanguardia.com%2Fpolitica%2F20180626%2F45418824885%2Fel-senado-reconoce-a-la-graciosa-como-la-octava-isla-canaria-habitada.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarracedoTroll2021" class="citation cs2">Carracedo, Juan Carlos; Troll, Valentin R. (1 January 2021), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780081029084000278">"North-East Atlantic Islands: The Macaronesian Archipelagos"</a>, in Alderton, David; Elias, Scott A. (eds.), <i>Encyclopedia of Geology (Second Edition)</i>, Oxford: Academic Press, pp. 674–699, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-08-102909-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-08-102909-1"><bdi>978-0-08-102909-1</bdi></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210121212110/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780081029084000278">archived</a> from the original on 21 January 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 July</span> 2022</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=North-East+Atlantic+Islands%3A+The+Macaronesian+Archipelagos&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Geology+%28Second+Edition%29&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=674-699&rft.pub=Academic+Press&rft.date=2021-01-01&rft.isbn=978-0-08-102909-1&rft.aulast=Carracedo&rft.aufirst=Juan+Carlos&rft.au=Troll%2C+Valentin+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedirect.com%2Fscience%2Farticle%2Fpii%2FB9780081029084000278&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJosé_Mangas_Viñuela2007" class="citation web cs1">José Mangas Viñuela (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mantleplumes.org/Canary.html">"The Canary Islands Hot Spot"</a>. <i>www.mantleplumes.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230319070848/http://www.mantleplumes.org/Canary.html">Archived</a> from the original on 19 March 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 January</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.mantleplumes.org&rft.atitle=The+Canary+Islands+Hot+Spot&rft.date=2007&rft.au=Jos%C3%A9+Mangas+Vi%C3%B1uela&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mantleplumes.org%2FCanary.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWebbBerthelotOudartValenciennes1836" class="citation book cs1">Webb, Philip Barker; Berthelot, Sabin; Oudart, P. L.; Valenciennes; Goode, G. Brown (1836). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/60795"><i>Histoire naturelle des Iles Canaries</i></a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 May</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Histoire+naturelle+des+Iles+Canaries&rft.place=Paris&rft.pub=B%C3%A9thune%2C+%C3%A9diteur&rft.date=1836&rft.aulast=Webb&rft.aufirst=Philip+Barker&rft.au=Berthelot%2C+Sabin&rft.au=Oudart%2C+P.+L.&rft.au=Valenciennes&rft.au=Goode%2C+G.+Brown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.biodiversitylibrary.org%2Fbibliography%2F60795&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211222190945/http://agrega.juntadeandalucia.es/repositorio/13122010/5b/es-an_2010121313_9170029/ODE-cd2b02ab-1334-3406-80b4-b9c7e0720a7b/25_el_clima_subtropical_canario.html">"El clima subtropical canario"</a> (in Spanish). <a href="/wiki/Junta_de_Andaluc%C3%ADa" class="mw-redirect" title="Junta de Andalucía">Junta de Andalucía</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://agrega.juntadeandalucia.es/repositorio/13122010/5b/es-an_2010121313_9170029/ODE-cd2b02ab-1334-3406-80b4-b9c7e0720a7b/25_el_clima_subtropical_canario.html">the original</a> on 22 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=El+clima+subtropical+canario.&rft.pub=Junta+de+Andaluc%C3%ADa&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fagrega.juntadeandalucia.es%2Frepositorio%2F13122010%2F5b%2Fes-an_2010121313_9170029%2FODE-cd2b02ab-1334-3406-80b4-b9c7e0720a7b%2F25_el_clima_subtropical_canario.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aemet.es/es/serviciosclimaticos/datosclimatologicos/valoresclimatologicos#tab2">"Valores climatológicos normales. Canarias"</a> (in Spanish). <a href="/wiki/AEMET" class="mw-redirect" title="AEMET">AEMET</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230326032223/https://www.aemet.es/es/serviciosclimaticos/datosclimatologicos/valoresclimatologicos#tab2">Archived</a> from the original on 26 March 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Valores+climatol%C3%B3gicos+normales.+Canarias&rft.pub=AEMET&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aemet.es%2Fes%2Fserviciosclimaticos%2Fdatosclimatologicos%2Fvaloresclimatologicos%23tab2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www3.gobiernodecanarias.org/medusa/wiki/index.php?title=Laurisilva">"Laurisilva. Canarias Wiki"</a> (in Spanish). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gobierno_de_Canarias&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gobierno de Canarias (page does not exist)">Gobierno de Canarias</a> (Canary Islands Government). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240725064411/https://www3.gobiernodecanarias.org/medusa/wiki/index.php?title=Laurisilva">Archived</a> from the original on 25 July 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Laurisilva.+Canarias+Wiki.&rft.pub=Gobierno+de+Canarias+%28Canary+Islands+Government%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww3.gobiernodecanarias.org%2Fmedusa%2Fwiki%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DLaurisilva&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121118081428/http://www.aemet.es/en/conocermas/publicaciones/detalles/guia_resumida_2010">"Valores Climatológicos Normales. Santa Cruz De Tenerife"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aemet.es/en/conocermas/publicaciones/detalles/guia_resumida_2010">the original</a> on 18 November 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Valores+Climatol%C3%B3gicos+Normales.+Santa+Cruz+De+Tenerife&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aemet.es%2Fen%2Fconocermas%2Fpublicaciones%2Fdetalles%2Fguia_resumida_2010&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldweather.org/083/c01234.htm">"Weather Information for Las Palmas"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160104171637/http://www.worldweather.org/083/c01234.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 4 January 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 August</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Weather+Information+for+Las+Palmas&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldweather.org%2F083%2Fc01234.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-aemet.es-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-aemet.es_41-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-aemet.es_41-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121118081428/http://www.aemet.es/en/conocermas/publicaciones/detalles/guia_resumida_2010">"Guía resumida del clima en España (1981–2010)"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aemet.es/en/conocermas/publicaciones/detalles/guia_resumida_2010">the original</a> on 18 November 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gu%C3%ADa+resumida+del+clima+en+Espa%C3%B1a+%281981%E2%80%932010%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aemet.es%2Fen%2Fconocermas%2Fpublicaciones%2Fdetalles%2Fguia_resumida_2010&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121118081428/http://www.aemet.es/en/conocermas/publicaciones/detalles/guia_resumida_2010">"Guía resumida del clima en España (1981–2010)"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/AEMET" class="mw-redirect" title="AEMET">AEMET</a></i> (in Spanish). 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aemet.es/en/conocermas/publicaciones/detalles/guia_resumida_2010">the original</a> on 18 November 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=AEMET&rft.atitle=Gu%C3%ADa+resumida+del+clima+en+Espa%C3%B1a+%281981%E2%80%932010%29&rft.date=2010&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aemet.es%2Fen%2Fconocermas%2Fpublicaciones%2Fdetalles%2Fguia_resumida_2010&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aemet.es/es/serviciosclimaticos/datosclimatologicos/valoresclimatologicos?l=C139E&k=coo">"Valores climatológicos normales. La Palma Aeropuerto"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181130132512/http://www.aemet.es/es/serviciosclimaticos/datosclimatologicos/valoresclimatologicos?l=C139E&k=coo">Archived</a> from the original on 30 November 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 November</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Valores+climatol%C3%B3gicos+normales.+La+Palma+Aeropuerto&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aemet.es%2Fes%2Fserviciosclimaticos%2Fdatosclimatologicos%2Fvaloresclimatologicos%3Fl%3DC139E%26k%3Dcoo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarracedoTroll2016" class="citation book cs1">Carracedo, J. C. (Juan Carlos); Troll, V. R. (26 May 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/951031503"><i>The geology of the Canary Islands</i></a>. Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-12-809664-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-12-809664-2"><bdi>978-0-12-809664-2</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/951031503">951031503</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210609183703/https://www.worldcat.org/title/geology-of-the-canary-islands/oclc/951031503">Archived</a> from the original on 9 June 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+geology+of+the+Canary+Islands&rft.place=Amsterdam%2C+Netherlands&rft.pub=Elsevier&rft.date=2016-05-26&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F951031503&rft.isbn=978-0-12-809664-2&rft.aulast=Carracedo&rft.aufirst=J.+C.+%28Juan+Carlos%29&rft.au=Troll%2C+V.+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F951031503&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100401163421/http://www.fomento.es/MFOM/LANG_CASTELLANO/DIRECCIONES_GENERALES/INSTITUTO_GEOGRAFICO/Geofisica/volcanologia/C20_ERUPCIONES_HISTORICAS.htm">"Instituto Geográfico Nacional"</a>. <i>Fomento.es</i>. 10 November 1949. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fomento.es/MFOM/LANG_CASTELLANO/DIRECCIONES_GENERALES/INSTITUTO_GEOGRAFICO/Geofisica/volcanologia/C20_ERUPCIONES_HISTORICAS.htm">the original</a> on 1 April 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 April</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Fomento.es&rft.atitle=Instituto+Geogr%C3%A1fico+Nacional&rft.date=1949-11-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fomento.es%2FMFOM%2FLANG_CASTELLANO%2FDIRECCIONES_GENERALES%2FINSTITUTO_GEOGRAFICO%2FGeofisica%2Fvolcanologia%2FC20_ERUPCIONES_HISTORICAS.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Pararas-Carayannis, G. (2002). "Evaluation of the Threat of Mega Tsunami Generation from Postulated Massive Slope Failure of Island Stratovolcanoes on La Palma, Canary Islands, and on The Island of Hawaii, George". Science of Tsunami Hazards 20 (5): 251–277.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/people-evacuated-spanish-island-la-palma-after-volcano-eruption-warning-2021-09-19/">"Lava shoots up from volcano on La Palma in Spanish Canary Islands"</a>. <i>Reuters</i>. 19 September 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210919230941/https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/people-evacuated-spanish-island-la-palma-after-volcano-eruption-warning-2021-09-19/">Archived</a> from the original on 19 September 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Lava+shoots+up+from+volcano+on+La+Palma+in+Spanish+Canary+Islands&rft.date=2021-09-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Fworld%2Feurope%2Fpeople-evacuated-spanish-island-la-palma-after-volcano-eruption-warning-2021-09-19%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarracedoTroll2013" class="citation book cs1">Carracedo, Juan Carlos; Troll, Valentin R., eds. (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9783642258923"><i>Teide Volcano: Geology and Eruptions of a Highly Differentiated Oceanic Stratovolcano</i></a>. Active Volcanoes of the World. Berlin Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-642-25892-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-642-25892-3"><bdi>978-3-642-25892-3</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201013183714/https://www.springer.com/gp/book/9783642258923">Archived</a> from the original on 13 October 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Teide+Volcano%3A+Geology+and+Eruptions+of+a+Highly+Differentiated+Oceanic+Stratovolcano&rft.place=Berlin+Heidelberg&rft.series=Active+Volcanoes+of+the+World&rft.pub=Springer-Verlag&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-3-642-25892-3&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.springer.com%2Fgp%2Fbook%2F9783642258923&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarracedoTroll2021" class="citation book cs1">Carracedo, Juan Carlos; Troll, Valentin R. (1 January 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780081029084000278">"North-East Atlantic Islands: The Macaronesian Archipelagos"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia of Geology</i>. pp. 674–699. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FB978-0-08-102908-4.00027-8">10.1016/B978-0-08-102908-4.00027-8</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780081029091" title="Special:BookSources/9780081029091"><bdi>9780081029091</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:226588940">226588940</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210121212110/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780081029084000278">Archived</a> from the original on 21 January 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=North-East+Atlantic+Islands%3A+The+Macaronesian+Archipelagos&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Geology&rft.pages=674-699&rft.date=2021-01-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A226588940%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2FB978-0-08-102908-4.00027-8&rft.isbn=9780081029091&rft.aulast=Carracedo&rft.aufirst=Juan+Carlos&rft.au=Troll%2C+Valentin+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedirect.com%2Fscience%2Farticle%2Fpii%2FB9780081029084000278&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarracedoTroll2021" class="citation cs2">Carracedo, Juan Carlos; Troll, Valentin R. (1 January 2021), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780081029084000278">"North-East Atlantic Islands: The Macaronesian Archipelagos"</a>, in Alderton, David; Elias, Scott A. (eds.), <i>Encyclopedia of Geology (Second Edition)</i>, Oxford: Academic Press, pp. 674–699, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fb978-0-08-102908-4.00027-8">10.1016/b978-0-08-102908-4.00027-8</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-08-102909-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-08-102909-1"><bdi>978-0-08-102909-1</bdi></a>, <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:226588940">226588940</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210121212110/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780081029084000278">archived</a> from the original on 21 January 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2021</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=North-East+Atlantic+Islands%3A+The+Macaronesian+Archipelagos&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Geology+%28Second+Edition%29&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=674-699&rft.pub=Academic+Press&rft.date=2021-01-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A226588940%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fb978-0-08-102908-4.00027-8&rft.isbn=978-0-08-102909-1&rft.aulast=Carracedo&rft.aufirst=Juan+Carlos&rft.au=Troll%2C+Valentin+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedirect.com%2Fscience%2Farticle%2Fpii%2FB9780081029084000278&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPrensa" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Prensa, Nota de. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.elhierrodigital.es/index.php?option=com_k2&view=item&id=628:finalizada-la-erupción-submarina-que-se-inició-en-octubre-en-el-hierro&Itemid=320">"Finalizada la erupción submarina que se inició en octubre en El Hierro"</a>. <i>El Hierro Digital</i> (in European Spanish). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190330210212/http://www.elhierrodigital.es/index.php?option=com_k2&view=item&id=628:finalizada-la-erupci%C3%B3n-submarina-que-se-inici%C3%B3-en-octubre-en-el-hierro&Itemid=320">Archived</a> from the original on 30 March 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 September</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Diariodeavisos.com&rft.atitle=El+Teide%2C+el+parque+m%C3%A1s+visitado+de+Europa+y+el+segundo+del+mundo&rft.date=2010-07-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.diariodeavisos.com%2F2010%2Fdiariodeavisos%2Fcontent%2F21463%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sanborondon.info-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sanborondon.info_53-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sanborondon.info_53-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100924114109/http://www.sanborondon.info/content/view/26362/1/">"El parque nacional del Teide es el primero más visitado de Europa y el segundo del mundo"</a>. <i>Sanborondon.info</i>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.webtenerife.com/PortalTenerife/Home/Disfruta+vacaciones+activas/Ocio/Durante+el+dia/Excursiones/EL+TEIDE.htm?Lang=es">the original</a> on 16 January 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 April</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Webtenerife.com&rft.atitle=Official+Website+of+Tenerife+Tourism+Corporation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.webtenerife.com%2FPortalTenerife%2FHome%2FDisfruta%2Bvacaciones%2Bactivas%2FOcio%2FDurante%2Bel%2Bdia%2FExcursiones%2FEL%2BTEIDE.htm%3FLang%3Des&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110808141931/http://www.gobcan.es/boc/1991/061/001.html">"Ley 7/1991, de 30 de abril, de símbolos de la naturaleza para las Islas Canarias – in Spanish"</a>. <i>Gobcan.es</i>. 10 May 1991. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 April</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gobcan.es&rft.atitle=Ley+7%2F1991%2C+de+30+de+abril%2C+de+s%C3%ADmbolos+de+la+naturaleza+para+las+Islas+Canarias+%E2%80%93+in+Spanish&rft.date=1991-05-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gobcan.es%2Fboc%2F1991%2F061%2F001.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090307044831/http://pueblos10.com/parques-nacionales/canarias">"Parques Nacionales de Canarias"</a>. <i>Pueblos10.com</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Atlas+Nacional+de+Espa%C3%B1a+%28National+Atlas+of+Spain%29&rft.atitle=Mapa+F%C3%ADsico+de+Espa%C3%B1a+%28Physical+Map+of+Spain%29&rft.date=2012&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww2.ign.es%2Fsiane%2FContenido.do%3Fcontenido%3D8691&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged December 2021">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-compsenado-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-compsenado_59-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190304023526/http://www.senado.es/web/composicionorganizacion/senadores/composicionsenado/senadoresenactivo/consultaprocedenciageografica/detallecomunidad/index.html?lang=en">"Senators by geographical origin, Comunidad Autónoma de Canarias"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Spain" title="Senate of Spain">Senate of Spain</a></i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 January</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Senate+of+Spain&rft.atitle=Senators+by+geographical+origin%2C+Comunidad+Aut%C3%B3noma+de+Canarias&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.senado.es%2Fweb%2Fcomposicionorganizacion%2Fsenadores%2Fcomposicionsenado%2Fsenadoresenactivo%2Fconsultaprocedenciageografica%2Fdetallecomunidad%2Findex.html%3Flang%3Den%26id1%3D12&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHerms2006" class="citation book cs1">Herms, Franziska (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=WZZvAQAAQBAJ&q=province%20of%20las%20palmas%20canary%20islands&pg=PA24"><i>Alternative Tourism on Gran Canaria: The diversification of tourism products as an alternative to mass tourism</i></a>. diplom.de. p. 24. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783832492816" title="Special:BookSources/9783832492816"><bdi>9783832492816</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210609183710/https://books.google.com/books?id=WZZvAQAAQBAJ&q=province+of+las+palmas+canary+islands&pg=PA24">Archived</a> from the original on 9 June 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.un.org&rft.atitle=United+Nations+Convention+on+the+Law+of+the+Sea&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.un.org%2Fdepts%2Flos%2Fconvention_agreements%2Ftexts%2Funclos%2Funclos_e.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cis2956-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cis2956_63-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160518212504/http://www.cis.es/cis/export/sites/default/-Archivos/Marginales/2940_2959/2956/CANARIAS_5/Es2956Can.pdf">"Barómetro Autonómico (III), (Comunidad autónoma de Canarias)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in Spanish). <a href="/wiki/Centro_de_Investigaciones_Sociol%C3%B3gicas" title="Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas">Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas</a>. 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cis.es/cis/export/sites/default/-Archivos/Marginales/2940_2959/2956/CANARIAS_5/Es2956Can.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 18 May 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 September</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bar%C3%B3metro+Auton%C3%B3mico+%28III%29%2C+%28Comunidad+aut%C3%B3noma+de+Canarias%29&rft.pub=Centro+de+Investigaciones+Sociol%C3%B3gicas&rft.date=2012&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cis.es%2Fcis%2Fexport%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2F-Archivos%2FMarginales%2F2940_2959%2F2956%2FCANARIAS_5%2FEs2956Can.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091228151643/http://www.gobiernodecanarias.org/cmayot/medioambiente/lagartodelagomera/gatos.html">"Según la Página Web del Gobierno de Canarias"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 January</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Seg%C3%BAn+la+P%C3%A1gina+Web+del+Gobierno+de+Canarias&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gobiernodecanarias.org%2Fcmayot%2Fmedioambiente%2Flagartodelagomera%2Fgatos.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080603042341/http://www.ucalgary.ca/applied_history/tutor/oldwrld/colonists/canary">"Old World Contacts/Colonists/Canary Islands"</a>. 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Cambridge University Press. p. 73.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Atlantic+World%3A+Europeans%2C+Africans%2C+Indians+and+their+shared+history%2C+1400%E2%80%931900&rft.pages=73&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Benjamin&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCatling2024" class="citation journal cs1">Catling, Chris (October–November 2024). 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=pnas.org&rft.atitle=The+chronology+of+the+human+colonization+of+the+Canary+Islands&rft.aulast=Santana&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pnas.org%2Fdoi%2F10.1073%2Fpnas.2302924121&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:4-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:4_71-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_71-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRosa2013" class="citation book cs1">Rosa, A. José Farrujia de la (26 November 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=eK28BAAAQBAJ&pg=PR6"><i>An Archaeology of the Margins: Colonialism, Amazighity and Heritage Management in the Canary Islands</i></a>. Springer Science & Business Media. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4614-9396-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4614-9396-9"><bdi>978-1-4614-9396-9</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240725064339/https://books.google.com/books?id=eK28BAAAQBAJ&pg=PR6#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on 25 July 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=turismo.mogan.es&rft.atitle=Lomo+de+los+Gatos+Conjunto+Arqueol%C3%B3gico+%E2%80%93+Portal+de+Turismo+Iltre+Ayuntamiento+de+Mog%C3%A1n&rft.aulast=Mog%C3%A1n&rft.aufirst=Turismo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fturismo.mogan.es%2Fes%2F4-art-culture-mogan%2F31-lomo-de-los-gatos-conjunto-arqueol%25C3%25B3gico&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFarrujia_de_la_Rosa2015" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Farrujia de la Rosa, José (1 January 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://journals.openedition.org/corpus/2641">"Written in stones: The Amazigh colonization of the Canary Islands"</a>. <i>Corpus</i> (in French) (14): 115–138. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4000%2Fcorpus.2641">10.4000/corpus.2641</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1638-9808">1638-9808</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:135307065">135307065</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Corpus&rft.atitle=Written+in+stones%3A+The+Amazigh+colonization+of+the+Canary+Islands&rft.issue=14&rft.pages=115-138&rft.date=2015-01-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A135307065%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1638-9808&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.4000%2Fcorpus.2641&rft.aulast=Farrujia+de+la+Rosa&rft.aufirst=Jos%C3%A9&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjournals.openedition.org%2Fcorpus%2F2641&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRenata_Ana_Springer_Bunk2014" class="citation book cs1">Renata Ana Springer Bunk (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.koeppe.de/titel_die-libysch-berberischen-inschriften-der-kanarischen-inseln-in-ihrem-felsbildkontext"><i>Die libysch-berberischen Inschriften der Kanarischen Inseln in ihrem Felsbildkontext</i></a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Book+6+Chapter+37&rft.btitle=Natural+History+%3A+77%E2%80%9379+AD&rft.au=Pliny+the+Elder&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.perseus.tufts.edu%2Fhopper%2Ftext%3Fdoc%3DPerseus%3Atext%3A1999.02.0137%3Abook%3D6%3Achapter%3D37&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHogan,_C._Michael" class="citation web cs1">Hogan, C. Michael. Burnham, Andy (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.megalithic.co.uk/article.php?sid=17910">"Chellah"</a>. <i>Megalithic.co.uk</i>. The Megalithic Portal. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170712163752/http://www.megalithic.co.uk/article.php?sid=17910">Archived</a> from the original on 12 July 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 April</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Megalithic.co.uk&rft.atitle=Chellah&rft.au=Hogan%2C+C.+Michael&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.megalithic.co.uk%2Farticle.php%3Fsid%3D17910&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ing.iac.es/PR/lapalma/pliny.html">"Natural History of Pliny the Elder"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240725064840/https://www.ing.iac.es/PR/lapalma/pliny.html">Archived</a> from the original on 25 July 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Natural+History+of+Pliny+the+Elder&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ing.iac.es%2FPR%2Flapalma%2Fpliny.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdhikari2017" class="citation journal cs1">Adhikari, Mohamed (7 September 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/17532523.2017.1336863">"Europe's First Settler Colonial Incursion into Africa: The Genocide of Aboriginal Canary Islanders"</a>. <i>African Historical Review</i>. <b>49</b> (1): 1–26. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F17532523.2017.1336863">10.1080/17532523.2017.1336863</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:165086773">165086773</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220503122719/https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/17532523.2017.1336863">Archived</a> from the original on 3 May 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=African+Historical+Review&rft.atitle=Europe%27s+First+Settler+Colonial+Incursion+into+Africa%3A+The+Genocide+of+Aboriginal+Canary+Islanders&rft.volume=49&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=1-26&rft.date=2017-09-07&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F17532523.2017.1336863&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A165086773%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Adhikari&rft.aufirst=Mohamed&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tandfonline.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1080%2F17532523.2017.1336863&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdhikari2022" class="citation book cs1">Adhikari, Mohamed (25 July 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ht9dEAAAQBAJ"><i>Destroying to Replace: Settler Genocides of Indigenous Peoples</i></a>. Indianapolis: Hackett Publishing. pp. 1–32. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1647920548" title="Special:BookSources/978-1647920548"><bdi>978-1647920548</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230326164810/https://books.google.com/books?id=ht9dEAAAQBAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 26 March 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Destroying+to+Replace%3A+Settler+Genocides+of+Indigenous+Peoples&rft.place=Indianapolis&rft.pages=1-32&rft.pub=Hackett+Publishing&rft.date=2022-07-25&rft.isbn=978-1647920548&rft.aulast=Adhikari&rft.aufirst=Mohamed&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dht9dEAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMercer1980" class="citation book cs1">Mercer, John (1980). <i>The Canary Islanders: Their Prehistory, Conquest, and Survival</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Canary+Islanders%3A+Their+Prehistory%2C+Conquest%2C+and+Survival&rft.date=1980&rft.aulast=Mercer&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:5-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:5_81-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_81-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSantanaFregelLightfootMorales2016" class="citation journal cs1">Santana, Jonathan; Fregel, Rosa; Lightfoot, Emma; Morales, Jacob; Alamón, Martha; Guillén, José; Moreno, Marco; Rodríguez, Amelia (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ajpa.22879">"The early colonial atlantic world: New insights on the African Diaspora from isotopic and ancient DNA analyses of a multiethnic 15th–17th century burial population from the Canary Islands, Spain"</a>. <i>American Journal of Physical Anthropology</i>. <b>159</b> (2): 300–312. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fajpa.22879">10.1002/ajpa.22879</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1096-8644">1096-8644</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26458007">26458007</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240725064839/https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ajpa.22879">Archived</a> from the original on 25 July 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=American+Journal+of+Physical+Anthropology&rft.atitle=The+early+colonial+atlantic+world%3A+New+insights+on+the+African+Diaspora+from+isotopic+and+ancient+DNA+analyses+of+a+multiethnic+15th%E2%80%9317th+century+burial+population+from+the+Canary+Islands%2C+Spain&rft.volume=159&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=300-312&rft.date=2016&rft.issn=1096-8644&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F26458007&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2Fajpa.22879&rft.aulast=Santana&rft.aufirst=Jonathan&rft.au=Fregel%2C+Rosa&rft.au=Lightfoot%2C+Emma&rft.au=Morales%2C+Jacob&rft.au=Alam%C3%B3n%2C+Martha&rft.au=Guill%C3%A9n%2C+Jos%C3%A9&rft.au=Moreno%2C+Marco&rft.au=Rodr%C3%ADguez%2C+Amelia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fonlinelibrary.wiley.com%2Fdoi%2Fabs%2F10.1002%2Fajpa.22879&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRandi_W.2006" class="citation web cs1">Randi W. (12 December 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://blog.mycology.cornell.edu/2006/12/12/dyeing-with-lichens-mushrooms/">"Dyeing with Lichens & Mushrooms"</a>. <i>blog.mycology.cornell.edu</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190822150925/https://blog.mycology.cornell.edu/2006/12/12/dyeing-with-lichens-mushrooms/">Archived</a> from the original on 22 August 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 August</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=blog.mycology.cornell.edu&rft.atitle=Dyeing+with+Lichens+%26+Mushrooms&rft.date=2006-12-12&rft.au=Randi+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fblog.mycology.cornell.edu%2F2006%2F12%2F12%2Fdyeing-with-lichens-mushrooms%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrito2006" class="citation journal cs1">Brito, Ana del Carmen Viña (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=2161117">"La organización social del trabajo en los ingenios azucareros canarios (siglos XV-XVI)"</a>. <i>En la España medieval</i> (29): 359–382. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0214-3038">0214-3038</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211205131559/https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=2161117">Archived</a> from the original on 5 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 December</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=En+la+Espa%C3%B1a+medieval&rft.atitle=La+organizaci%C3%B3n+social+del+trabajo+en+los+ingenios+azucareros+canarios+%28siglos+XV-XVI%29&rft.issue=29&rft.pages=359-382&rft.date=2006&rft.issn=0214-3038&rft.aulast=Brito&rft.aufirst=Ana+del+Carmen+Vi%C3%B1a&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdialnet.unirioja.es%2Fservlet%2Farticulo%3Fcodigo%3D2161117&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-84"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-84">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCurtinCurtin1998" class="citation book cs1">Curtin, Philip D.; Curtin, Philip DeArmond (13 February 1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=D951EN8vk4EC&pg=PR9"><i>The Rise and Fall of the Plantation Complex: Essays in Atlantic History</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-62943-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-62943-0"><bdi>978-0-521-62943-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Rise+and+Fall+of+the+Plantation+Complex%3A+Essays+in+Atlantic+History&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1998-02-13&rft.isbn=978-0-521-62943-0&rft.aulast=Curtin&rft.aufirst=Philip+D.&rft.au=Curtin%2C+Philip+DeArmond&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DD951EN8vk4EC%26pg%3DPR9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-85"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-85">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRonquillo2008" class="citation book cs1">Ronquillo, M (2008). Viña, A (ed.). <i>Ingenios azucareros en la colonización canaria, 1487–1526. Localización espacial y organización del espacio en Gran Canaria</i>. Organismo de Museos y Centros. pp. 133–153.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ingenios+azucareros+en+la+colonizaci%C3%B3n+canaria%2C+1487%E2%80%931526.+Localizaci%C3%B3n+espacial+y+organizaci%C3%B3n+del+espacio+en+Gran+Canaria&rft.pages=133-153&rft.pub=Organismo+de+Museos+y+Centros&rft.date=2008&rft.aulast=Ronquillo&rft.aufirst=M&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-86"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-86">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLobo–Cabrera1982" class="citation journal cs1">Lobo–Cabrera, M (1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-african-history/article/abs/la-esclavitud-en-las-canarias-orientales-en-el-siglo-xvi-negros-moros-y-moriscos-by-manuel-lobo-cabrera-santa-cruz-de-tenerife-gran-canaria-ediciones-del-excmo-1982-pp-628/8F5789406B202CBB95D4BA164E99AA68">"La Esclavitud en Las Canarias Orientales en El Siglo XVI"</a>. <i>The Journal of African History</i>. <b>28</b> (2): 332. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0021853700030000">10.1017/S0021853700030000</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1469-5138">1469-5138</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:161230066">161230066</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+of+African+History&rft.atitle=La+Esclavitud+en+Las+Canarias+Orientales+en+El+Siglo+XVI&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=332&rft.date=1982&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A161230066%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.issn=1469-5138&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0021853700030000&rft.aulast=Lobo%E2%80%93Cabrera&rft.aufirst=M&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cambridge.org%2Fcore%2Fjournals%2Fjournal-of-african-history%2Farticle%2Fabs%2Fla-esclavitud-en-las-canarias-orientales-en-el-siglo-xvi-negros-moros-y-moriscos-by-manuel-lobo-cabrera-santa-cruz-de-tenerife-gran-canaria-ediciones-del-excmo-1982-pp-628%2F8F5789406B202CBB95D4BA164E99AA68&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-87"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-87">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHoyte2021" class="citation web cs1">Hoyte, Ralph (2 February 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ralphhoyte.org/live-art-poetry/literary-archaeology/">"Close to the Bone: Certain Poetic Considerations & Analyses Pertaining To The Lives Of The Enslaved Based On Archaeological Investigations From A Multiethnic 15th–17th Century Burial Population From The Canary Islands, Spain"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211213120729/https://ralphhoyte.org/live-art-poetry/literary-archaeology/">Archived</a> from the original on 13 December 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Close+to+the+Bone%3A+Certain+Poetic+Considerations+%26+Analyses+Pertaining+To+The+Lives+Of+The+Enslaved+Based+On+Archaeological+Investigations+From+A+Multiethnic+15th%E2%80%9317th+Century+Burial+Population+From+The+Canary+Islands%2C+Spain&rft.date=2021-02-02&rft.aulast=Hoyte&rft.aufirst=Ralph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fralphhoyte.org%2Flive-art-poetry%2Fliterary-archaeology%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-88"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-88">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/John_Mercer_(archaeologist)" title="John Mercer (archaeologist)">John Mercer</a> (1980), <i>The Canary Islanders : their prehistory, conquest, and survival</i>, p. 236, Collings.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-89">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180707091632/http://www.canariascnnews.com/index.php/mirador/canarias/item/1721-el-comercio-canario-americano-en-el-siglo-xviii-i-parte">"El comercio canario-americano en el siglo XVIII (I parte)"</a>. <i>Canariascnnews.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.canariascnnews.com/index.php/mirador/canarias/item/1721-el-comercio-canario-americano-en-el-siglo-xviii-i-parte">the original</a> on 7 July 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 November</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Canariascnnews.com&rft.atitle=El+comercio+canario-americano+en+el+siglo+XVIII+%28I+parte%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.canariascnnews.com%2Findex.php%2Fmirador%2Fcanarias%2Fitem%2F1721-el-comercio-canario-americano-en-el-siglo-xviii-i-parte&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.personal.psu.edu/users/j/m/jml34/Canary.htm">"The Spanish of the Canary Islands"</a>. <i>Personal.psu.edu</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110606184134/http://www.personal.psu.edu/users/j/m/jml34/Canary.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 6 June 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 April</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Personal.psu.edu&rft.atitle=The+Spanish+of+the+Canary+Islands&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.personal.psu.edu%2Fusers%2Fj%2Fm%2Fjml34%2FCanary.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/poc01">"Handbook of Texas Online – Canary Islanders"</a>. <i>Tshaonline.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101202132835/http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/poc01">Archived</a> from the original on 2 December 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 April</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Americaslibrary.gov&rft.atitle=Isle%C3%B1os+Society+of+St.+Bernard+Parish&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.americaslibrary.gov%2Fcgi-bin%2Fpage.cgi%2Fes%2Fla%2Fislenos_1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.personal.psu.edu/faculty/j/m/jml34/Canary.htm">"The Spanish of the Canary Islands"</a>. <i>www.personal.psu.edu</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120320082713/http://www.personal.psu.edu/faculty/j/m/jml34/Canary.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 20 March 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 January</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.personal.psu.edu&rft.atitle=The+Spanish+of+the+Canary+Islands&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.personal.psu.edu%2Ffaculty%2Fj%2Fm%2Fjml34%2FCanary.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060131191143/http://humboldt.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de/10b.monte_en.htm">"Montesinos Sirera, Jose Luis and Jurgen Renn (2004) <i>Expeditions to the Canary Islands in the romantic period (1770–1830)</i>"</a>. <i>Humboldt.mpiwg-berlin.mpg.de</i>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.juliosanchezrodriguez.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/01/san_marcial.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 3 April 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 May</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=San+Marcial+de+Rubic%C3%B3n+y+los+obispados+de+Canarias&rft.au=Julio+S%C3%A1nchez+Rodr%C3%ADguez&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.juliosanchezrodriguez.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2012%2F01%2Fsan_marcial.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-junta-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-junta_106-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">La Junta Suprema de Canarias. Volumen I. Buenaventura Bonnet y Riveron. Real Sociedad Económica de Amigos del País de Tenerife, Editorial: Editorial Interinsular Canaria SA, publicado en Santa Cruz de Tenerife en 1980 (reedición de 1948) Páginas 104–106</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-portalcultura.mde_1-107"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-portalcultura.mde_1_107-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170222093936/http://www.portalcultura.mde.es/cultural/archivos/canarias/archivo_156.html">"Archivo Intermedio Militar de Canarias. Gobierno de España"</a> (in Spanish). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.portalcultura.mde.es/cultural/archivos/canarias/archivo_156.html">the original</a> on 22 February 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 January</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=La+Di%C3%B3cesis+de+San+Crist%C3%B3bal+de+La+Laguna+en+los+inicios+del+siglo+XIX%3A+el+Obispo+Folgueras+Si%C3%B3n%2C+el+Cabildo+Catedral+y+la+jurisdicci%C3%B3n+eclesi%C3%A1stica&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmdc.ulpgc.es%2Fcdm%2Fref%2Fcollection%2Fbolmc%2Fid%2F440&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ref_duplicada_2-109"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ref_duplicada_2_109-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090105123250/http://www.arquitectuba.com.ar/diccionario-arquitectura-construccion/san-cristobal-de-la-laguna/">"Capital de facto de Canarias"</a> (in Spanish). 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Capital+de+facto+de+Canarias&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.arquitectuba.com.ar%2Fdiccionario-arquitectura-construccion%2Fsan-cristobal-de-la-laguna%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200422082522/http://www.gevic.net/info/contenidos/mostrar_contenidos.php?idcat=1&idcap=190&idcon=691">"Pleito Insular; Autonomía y Nacionalidad"</a>. <i>Gran Enciclopedia Virtual Islas Canarias</i> (in Spanish). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gevic.net/info/contenidos/mostrar_contenidos.php?idcat=1&idcap=190&idcon=691">the original</a> on 22 April 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 January</span> 2019</span> – via www.gevic.net.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gran+Enciclopedia+Virtual+Islas+Canarias&rft.atitle=Pleito+Insular%3B+Autonom%C3%ADa+y+Nacionalidad&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gevic.net%2Finfo%2Fcontenidos%2Fmostrar_contenidos.php%3Fidcat%3D1%26idcap%3D190%26idcon%3D691&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181110160012/http://www.gevic.net/info/contenidos/mostrar_contenidos.php?idcat=1&idcap=197&idcon=717">"Su Origen"</a>. <i>Gran Enciclopedia Virtual Islas Canarias</i> (in Spanish). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gevic.net/info/contenidos/mostrar_contenidos.php?idcat=1&idcap=197&idcon=717">the original</a> on 10 November 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 January</span> 2019</span> – via www.gevic.net.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gran+Enciclopedia+Virtual+Islas+Canarias&rft.atitle=Su+Origen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gevic.net%2Finfo%2Fcontenidos%2Fmostrar_contenidos.php%3Fidcat%3D1%26idcap%3D197%26idcon%3D717&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100326152939/http://www2.gobiernodecanarias.org/istac/estadisticas/php/saltarA.php?mid=%2Fistac%2Festadisticas%2Fpoblacion%2Fdatos_basicos%2Fpadron_2004%2Fpm2004_frm.html">"Official census statistics of the Canary Islands population"</a>. <i>Gobiernodecanarias.org</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gobiernodecanarias.org/istac/estadisticas/php/saltarA.php?mid=/istac/estadisticas/poblacion/datos_basicos/padron_2004/pm2004_frm.html">the original</a> on 26 March 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 April</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gobiernodecanarias.org&rft.atitle=Official+census+statistics+of+the+Canary+Islands+population&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gobiernodecanarias.org%2Fistac%2Festadisticas%2Fphp%2FsaltarA.php%3Fmid%3D%2Fistac%2Festadisticas%2Fpoblacion%2Fdatos_basicos%2Fpadron_2004%2Fpm2004_frm.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ine.es/prensa/np917.pdf">"La población en Canarias"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Ine.es</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150714044406/http://www.ine.es/prensa/np917.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 14 July 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 August</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ine.es&rft.atitle=La+poblaci%C3%B3n+en+Canarias.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ine.es%2Fprensa%2Fnp917.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-extension-114"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-extension_114-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100323155813/http://www2.gobiernodecanarias.org/istac/estadisticas/php/saltarA.php?mid=%2Fistac%2Festadisticas%2Fterritorio_ambiente%2Farea_01_frame.html">"Estadísticas de la Comunidad Autónoma de Canarias"</a>. <i>Gobiernodecanarias.org</i>. 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Datos a nivel nacional, comunidad autónoma y provincia"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200220111855/https://ine.es/jaxi/files/_px/es/xls/t20/e245/p04/a2019/l0/0ccaa007.xls%3Fnocab%3D1">Archived</a> from the original on 20 February 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Estad%C3%ADstica+del+Padr%C3%B3n+Continuo+a+1+de+enero+de+2019.+Datos+a+nivel+nacional%2C+comunidad+aut%C3%B3noma+y+provincia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fine.es%2Fjaxi%2Ffiles%2F_px%2Fes%2Fxls%2Ft20%2Fe245%2Fp04%2Fa2019%2Fl0%2F0ccaa007.xls%3Fnocab%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://theodora.com/wfbcurrent/morocco/morocco_people.html">"Morocco People 2020, CIA World Factbook"</a>. <i>theodora.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220107163003/https://theodora.com/wfbcurrent/morocco/morocco_people.html">Archived</a> from the original on 7 January 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=theodora.com&rft.atitle=Morocco+People+2020%2C+CIA+World+Factbook&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftheodora.com%2Fwfbcurrent%2Fmorocco%2Fmorocco_people.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ine_pop_cn_19_birthplace-118"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ine_pop_cn_19_birthplace_118-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ine.es/jaxi/files/_px/es/xls/t20/e245/p04/a2019/l0/000ca006.xls?nocab=1">"Estadística del Padrón Continuo a 1 de enero de 2019. Datos a nivel nacional, comunidad autónoma y provincia (Canarias)"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200220111907/https://ine.es/jaxi/files/_px/es/xls/t20/e245/p04/a2019/l0/000ca006.xls%3Fnocab%3D1">Archived</a> from the original on 20 February 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Estad%C3%ADstica+del+Padr%C3%B3n+Continuo+a+1+de+enero+de+2019.+Datos+a+nivel+nacional%2C+comunidad+aut%C3%B3noma+y+provincia+%28Canarias%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fine.es%2Fjaxi%2Ffiles%2F_px%2Fes%2Fxls%2Ft20%2Fe245%2Fp04%2Fa2019%2Fl0%2F000ca006.xls%3Fnocab%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CIS2019Canarias-119"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CIS2019Canarias_119-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCentro_de_Investigaciones_Sociológicas_(Centre_for_Sociological_Research)2019" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><i>Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas</i> (Centre for Sociological Research) (October 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cis.es/cis/export/sites/default/-Archivos/Marginales/3260_3279/3263/Marginales/es3263mar_Canarias.pdf">"Macrobarómetro de octubre 2019, Banco de datos – Document 'Población con derecho a voto en elecciones generales y residente en España, Canarias (aut.)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (in Spanish). p. 23. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200204180445/http://www.cis.es/cis/export/sites/default/-Archivos/Marginales/3260_3279/3263/Marginales/es3263mar_Canarias.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 4 February 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Macrobar%C3%B3metro+de+octubre+2019%2C+Banco+de+datos+%E2%80%93+Document+%27Poblaci%C3%B3n+con+derecho+a+voto+en+elecciones+generales+y+residente+en+Espa%C3%B1a%2C+Canarias+%28aut.%29&rft.pages=23&rft.date=2019-10&rft.au=%27%27Centro+de+Investigaciones+Sociol%C3%B3gicas%27%27+%28Centre+for+Sociological+Research%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cis.es%2Fcis%2Fexport%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2F-Archivos%2FMarginales%2F3260_3279%2F3263%2FMarginales%2Fes3263mar_Canarias.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.es.catholic.net/op/articulos/35981/pedro-de-san-jos-betancurt-santo.html">"Pedro de San José Betancurt, Santo"</a>. <i>Es.catholic.net</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151223190733/http://www.es.catholic.net/op/articulos/35981/pedro-de-san-jos-betancurt-santo.html">Archived</a> from the original on 23 December 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 December</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Es.catholic.net&rft.atitle=Jos%C3%A9+de+Anchieta%2C+Santo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fes.catholic.net%2Fop%2Farticulos%2F35379%2Fjos-de-anchieta-santo.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-laopinion.es-122"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-laopinion.es_122-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-laopinion.es_122-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-laopinion.es_122-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-laopinion.es_122-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-laopinion.es_122-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-laopinion.es_122-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-laopinion.es_122-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-laopinion.es_122-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTenerife" class="citation web cs1">Tenerife, La Opinión de. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.laopinion.es/sociedad/2008/10/03/sociedad-canarios-profesa-religion-minoritaria/173826.html">"Un 5% de canarios profesa una religión minoritaria"</a>. <i>Laopinion.es</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170911221703/http://www.laopinion.es/sociedad/2008/10/03/sociedad-canarios-profesa-religion-minoritaria/173826.html">Archived</a> from the original on 11 September 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 April</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Playa-del-ingles.biz&rft.atitle=Gran+Canaria+Train&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.playa-del-ingles.biz%2FNew%2520railway%2520train%2520service%2520for%2520Gran%2520Canaria_21_100.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-149"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-149">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170118060220/http://www.canarias7.es/articulo.cfm?id=149895">"Aprobado el avance del proyecto del tren del norte de Tenerife con 7 paradas entre Los Realejos y S/C"</a>. <i>Canarias7</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.canarias7.es/articulo.cfm?id=149895">the original</a> on 18 January 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Canarias7&rft.atitle=Aprobado+el+avance+del+proyecto+del+tren+del+norte+de+Tenerife+con+7+paradas+entre+Los+Realejos+y+S%2FC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.canarias7.es%2Farticulo.cfm%3Fid%3D149895&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-150"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-150">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100830062510/http://www2.gobiernodecanarias.org/istac/estadisticas/php/saltarA.php?mid=%2Fistac%2Festadisticas%2Fsector_servicios%2Ftransporte_comunicaciones%2Faereo%2Fpas_tot.html">"Airports by passenger traffic, 2010, July"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.gobiernodecanarias.org/istac/estadisticas/php/saltarA.php?mid=/istac/estadisticas/sector_servicios/transporte_comunicaciones/aereo/pas_tot.html">the original</a> on 30 August 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 February</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Vavel.com&rft.atitle=El+Heliodoro+Rodr%C3%ADguez+L%C3%B3pez+cumple+90+a%C3%B1os&rft.date=2015-07-25&rft.aulast=Alonso&rft.aufirst=Javier&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.vavel.com%2Fes%2Ffutbol%2Fcd-tenerife%2F515014-el-heliodoro-cumple-90-anos.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-163"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-163">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160629080401/http://www.lovecanarias.com/lugares/tenerife/estadio-heliodoro-rodriguez-lopez">"Estadio Heliodoro Rodríguez López"</a>. <i>Lovecanarias.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lovecanarias.com/lugares/tenerife/estadio-heliodoro-rodriguez-lopez">the original</a> on 29 June 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 February</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Lovecanarias.com&rft.atitle=Estadio+Heliodoro+Rodr%C3%ADguez+L%C3%B3pez&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lovecanarias.com%2Flugares%2Ftenerife%2Festadio-heliodoro-rodriguez-lopez&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-164"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-164">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100327220017/http://www.worldstadiums.com/europe/countries/spain/canary_islands.shtml">"Canary Islands Stadiums"</a>. <i>WorldStadiums.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldstadiums.com/europe/countries/spain/canary_islands.shtml">the original</a> on 27 March 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 April</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=WorldStadiums.com&rft.atitle=Canary+Islands+Stadiums&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldstadiums.com%2Feurope%2Fcountries%2Fspain%2Fcanary_islands.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ctspanish.com-165"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ctspanish.com_165-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ctspanish.com_165-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ctspanish.com_165-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ctspanish.com/communities/canarym/canary%20islands.htm">"The Canary Islands"</a>. <i>Ctspanish.com</i>. 21 October 1971. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201111212930/http://www.ctspanish.com/communities/canarym/canary%20islands.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 11 November 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 January</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ctspanish.com&rft.atitle=The+Canary+Islands&rft.date=1971-10-21&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ctspanish.com%2Fcommunities%2Fcanarym%2Fcanary%2520islands.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-166"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-166">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.transgrancanaria.net/en/">"Transgrancanaria (English website)"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201030214948/https://www.transgrancanaria.net/en/">Archived</a> from the original on 30 October 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 January</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Transgrancanaria+%28English+website%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.transgrancanaria.net%2Fen%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ironman-167"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ironman_167-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ironman.com/im-lanzarote">"IMLanzarote"</a>. <i>www.ironman.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201028082756/https://www.ironman.com/im-lanzarote">Archived</a> from the original on 28 October 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 January</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.ironman.com&rft.atitle=IMLanzarote&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ironman.com%2Fim-lanzarote&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ironmanhistory-168"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ironmanhistory_168-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.webdelanzarote.com/ironman.htm">"Ironman Lanzarote"</a>. <i>Web de Lanzarote</i> (in Spanish). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190831202519/http://www.webdelanzarote.com/ironman.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 31 August 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 August</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Web+de+Lanzarote&rft.atitle=Ironman+Lanzarote&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.webdelanzarote.com%2Fironman.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=64" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Alfred Crosby, <i>Ecological Imperialism: The Biological Expansion of Europe, 900–1900</i> (Cambridge University Press) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-521-45690-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-521-45690-8">0-521-45690-8</a></li> <li>Felipe Fernández-Armesto, <i>The Canary Islands after the Conquest: The Making of a Colonial Society in the Early-Sixteenth Century</i>, Oxford U. Press, 1982. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-821888-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-821888-3">978-0-19-821888-3</a>; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-821888-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-821888-5">0-19-821888-5</a></li> <li>Sergio Hanquet, <i>Diving in Canaries</i>, Litografía A. ROMERO, 2001. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/84-932195-0-9" title="Special:BookSources/84-932195-0-9">84-932195-0-9</a></li> <li>Martin Wiemers: <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ibigbiology.com/fotos/publicacoes/publicacoes_Wiemers95_TheButterfliesCanaryIslands..pdf">The butterflies of the Canary Islands. – A survey on their distribution, biology and ecology (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea)</a></i> – Linneana Belgica 15 (1995): 63–84 & 87–118</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=65" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBorgesen1973" class="citation journal cs1">Borgesen, F. (1973). "Marine Algae from the Canary Islands". <i>Taxon</i>. <b>22</b> (1): 150. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F1218064">10.2307/1218064</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0040-0262">0040-0262</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1218064">1218064</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Taxon&rft.atitle=Marine+Algae+from+the+Canary+Islands&rft.volume=22&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=150&rft.date=1973&rft.issn=0040-0262&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1218064%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F1218064&rft.aulast=Borgesen&rft.aufirst=F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBørgesenFrémy1925" class="citation book cs1">Børgesen, Frederik; Frémy, Pierre (1925). <i>Marine algae from the Canary Islands, especially from Teneriffe and Gran Canaria</i>. Høst in Komm. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1070942615">1070942615</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Marine+algae+from+the+Canary+Islands%2C+especially+from+Teneriffe+and+Gran+Canaria&rft.pub=H%C3%B8st+in+Komm&rft.date=1925&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1070942615&rft.aulast=B%C3%B8rgesen&rft.aufirst=Frederik&rft.au=Fr%C3%A9my%2C+Pierre&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGill1994" class="citation book cs1">Gill, Robin (1994). J.T., Greensmith (ed.). <i>Tenerife, Canary Islands</i>. [London]: Geologists' Association. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-900717-62-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-900717-62-9"><bdi>0-900717-62-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/31214272">31214272</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tenerife%2C+Canary+Islands&rft.place=%5BLondon%5D&rft.pub=Geologists%27+Association&rft.date=1994&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F31214272&rft.isbn=0-900717-62-9&rft.aulast=Gill&rft.aufirst=Robin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>* <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreensmith2000" class="citation book cs1">Greensmith, Trevor (2000). <i>Lanzarote, Canary Islands</i>. [London]: Geologists' Association. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-900717-74-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-900717-74-2"><bdi>0-900717-74-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lanzarote%2C+Canary+Islands&rft.place=%5BLondon%5D&rft.pub=Geologists%27+Association&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=0-900717-74-2&rft.aulast=Greensmith&rft.aufirst=Trevor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPaegelow2009" class="citation book cs1">Paegelow, Claus (2009). <i>Bibliografie Kanarische Inseln = Canary Islands bibliography</i>. Bremen: Paegelow. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-00-028676-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-00-028676-6"><bdi>978-3-00-028676-6</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/551948019">551948019</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bibliografie+Kanarische+Inseln+%3D+Canary+Islands+bibliography&rft.place=Bremen&rft.pub=Paegelow&rft.date=2009&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F551948019&rft.isbn=978-3-00-028676-6&rft.aulast=Paegelow&rft.aufirst=Claus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACanary+Islands" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Canary_Islands&action=edit&section=66" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1250146164">.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow{padding:0.75em 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow>b{display:block}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.75em 0;width:217px;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul>li{min-height:31px}.mw-parser-output .sister-logo{display:inline-block;width:31px;line-height:31px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-link{display:inline-block;margin-left:4px;width:182px;vertical-align:middle}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="side-box metadata side-box-right sister-box sistersitebox plainlinks"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> <b>Canary Islands</b> at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects"><span id="sister-projects">sister projects</span></a></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Canary_Islands" class="extiw" title="c:Canary Islands">Media</a> from Commons</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/26px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/39px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/51px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Canary_Islands" class="extiw" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Canary Islands">Texts</a> from Wikisource</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/27px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/41px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/54px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Canary_Islands" class="extiw" title="voy:Canary Islands">Travel information</a> from Wikivoyage</span></li></ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gobiernodecanarias.org/principal/">Canary Islands Government</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hellocanaryislands.com">Official tourism website of the Canary Islands</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150506185900/http://www.turismodecanarias.com/canary-islands-spain/index.html">Archived</a> 6 May 2015 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/images/151216/swirly-clouds-in-the-canaries">Cloud vortices near the Canaries, March 2023</a>. <a href="/wiki/NASA_Earth_Observatory" title="NASA Earth Observatory">NASA Earth Observatory</a> POTD for 15 April 2023.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cultural_domain_of_the_Canary_Islands" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Culture_of_the_Canary_Islands" title="Template:Culture of the Canary Islands"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Culture_of_the_Canary_Islands" title="Template talk:Culture of the Canary Islands"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Culture_of_the_Canary_Islands" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Culture of the Canary Islands"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cultural_domain_of_the_Canary_Islands" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Culture" title="Culture">Cultural domain</a> of the <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Canary Islands</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Culture_of_the_Canary_Islands" title="Category:Culture of the Canary Islands">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Culture_of_the_Canary_Islands" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Culture of the Canary Islands">Commons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guanches" title="Guanches">Guanches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bimbache" title="Bimbache">Bimbache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canary_Islands_in_pre-colonial_times" title="Canary Islands in pre-colonial times">Pre-colonial times</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_the_Canary_Islands" title="Conquest of the Canary Islands">Conquest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Alc%C3%A1%C3%A7ovas" title="Treaty of Alcáçovas">Treaty of Alcáçovas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_Acentejo" title="First Battle of Acentejo">First Battle of Acentejo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Canary_Islands" title="Kingdom of the Canary Islands">Kingdom of the Canary Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Aguere" title="Battle of Aguere">Battle of Aguere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_Acentejo" title="Second Battle of Acentejo">Second Battle of Acentejo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife_(1657)" title="Battle of Santa Cruz de Tenerife (1657)">Battle of Santa Cruz de Tenerife (1657)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife_(1797)" title="Battle of Santa Cruz de Tenerife (1797)">Battle of Santa Cruz de Tenerife (1797)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_transition_to_democracy" title="Spanish transition to democracy">Spanish transition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_communities_of_Spain" title="Autonomous communities of Spain">Autonomous community</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canarian_Parliament" class="mw-redirect" title="Canarian Parliament">Canarian Parliament</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="10" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Escudo_de_Canarias.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="G-clef"><img alt="G-clef" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Escudo_de_Canarias.svg/105px-Escudo_de_Canarias.svg.png" decoding="async" width="105" height="77" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Escudo_de_Canarias.svg/158px-Escudo_de_Canarias.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Escudo_de_Canarias.svg/210px-Escudo_de_Canarias.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1450" data-file-height="1060" /></a><figcaption>G-clef</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Languages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guanche_language" title="Guanche language">Guanche</a><sup>†</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canarian_Spanish" title="Canarian Spanish">Canarian</a> (<a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silbo_Gomero_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Silbo Gomero language">Gomeran Whistle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mythology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Garajonay_National_Park#Gara_and_Jonay" title="Garajonay National Park">Gara and Jonay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acham%C3%A1n" title="Achamán">Achamán</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achuguayo" title="Achuguayo">Achuguayo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achuhucanac" title="Achuhucanac">Achuhucanac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaxiraxi" title="Chaxiraxi">Chaxiraxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chijoraji" title="Chijoraji">Chijoraji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guayota" title="Guayota">Guayota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magec" title="Magec">Magec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maxios" title="Maxios">Maxios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tibicena" title="Tibicena">Tibicena</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Historic sites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Bienes_de_Inter%C3%A9s_Cultural_in_the_Province_of_Las_Palmas" title="List of Bienes de Interés Cultural in the Province of Las Palmas">Bienes de Interés Cultural (Las Palmas)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Bienes_de_Inter%C3%A9s_Cultural_in_the_Province_of_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="List of Bienes de Interés Cultural in the Province of Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Bienes de Interés Cultural (Tenerife)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castillo_de_San_Jos%C3%A9" title="Castillo de San José">Castillo de San José</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caves_of_Valeron" title="Caves of Valeron">Caves of Valeron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four_Doors_cave_site,_Telde" title="Four Doors cave site, Telde">Four Doors cave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guayadeque_ravine" title="Guayadeque ravine">Guayadeque ravine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Las_Palmas_Cathedral" title="Las Palmas Cathedral">Las Palmas Cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Maip%C3%A9s_Necropolis" title="El Maipés Necropolis">El Maipés Necropolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museo_Canario" title="Museo Canario">Museo Canario</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Painted_Cave,_Galdar" title="Painted Cave, Galdar">Painted Cave, Galdar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_San_Juan_Bautista_(Arucas)" title="Church of San Juan Bautista (Arucas)">Church of San Juan Bautista</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Museums<br />and galleries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archaeological_Museum_of_Puerto_de_la_Cruz" title="Archaeological Museum of Puerto de la Cruz">Archaeological Museum of Puerto de la Cruz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Center_of_Modern_Art" title="Atlantic Center of Modern Art">Atlantic Center of Modern Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castle_of_San_Crist%C3%B3bal_(Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife)" title="Castle of San Cristóbal (Santa Cruz de Tenerife)">Castle of San Cristóbal (Santa Cruz de Tenerife)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centro_de_Fotograf%C3%ADa_Isla_de_Tenerife" title="Centro de Fotografía Isla de Tenerife">Centro de Fotografía Isla de Tenerife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castillo_de_San_Jos%C3%A9" title="Castillo de San José">Castillo de San José</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elder_Museum_of_Science_and_Technology" title="Elder Museum of Science and Technology">Elder Museum of Science and Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museo_Canario" title="Museo Canario">Museo Canario</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_the_History_of_Tenerife" title="Museum of the History of Tenerife">Museum of the History of Tenerife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museo_de_la_Naturaleza_y_Arqueolog%C3%ADa" title="Museo de la Naturaleza y Arqueología">Museo de la Naturaleza y Arqueología</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museo_Municipal_de_Bellas_Artes_de_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Museo Municipal de Bellas Artes de Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Museo Municipal de Bellas Artes de Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Science_and_the_Cosmos" title="Museum of Science and the Cosmos">Museum of Science and the Cosmos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenerife_Espacio_de_las_Artes" title="Tenerife Espacio de las Artes">Tenerife Espacio de las Artes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Canarian_cuisine" title="Canarian cuisine">Cuisine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Almogrote" title="Almogrote">Almogrote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arepa" title="Arepa">Canarian arepa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canarian_wrinkly_potatoes" class="mw-redirect" title="Canarian wrinkly potatoes">Canarian wrinkly potatoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gofio" title="Gofio">Gofio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malvasia" title="Malvasia">Malvasia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Majorero" title="Majorero">Majorero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palm_syrup" title="Palm syrup">Miel de palma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mojo_(sauce)" title="Mojo (sauce)">Mojo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasteles" title="Pasteles">Pasteles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ropa_vieja" title="Ropa vieja">Ropa vieja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sancocho" title="Sancocho">Sancocho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sangria" title="Sangria">Sangria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tropical_beer#Canarias_Brewery" class="mw-redirect" title="Tropical beer">Tropical beer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_wine" title="Spanish wine">Wines</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Canary_Islands" title="Music of the Canary Islands">Musical instruments</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A1caras" title="Chácaras">Chácaras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timple" title="Timple">Timple</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Traditions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carnival_of_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Carnival of Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Carnival of Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carnival_of_Las_Palmas" title="Carnival of Las Palmas">Carnival of Las Palmas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bajada_(festival)" title="Bajada (festival)">Bajada (festival)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cavalcade_of_Magi" title="Cavalcade of Magi">Cavalcade of Magi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Week_in_Spain" title="Holy Week in Spain">Holy Week</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virgin_of_Candelaria" title="Virgin of Candelaria">Virgin of Candelaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cristo_de_La_Laguna" title="Cristo de La Laguna">Cristo de La Laguna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akelarre_(witchcraft)" class="mw-redirect" title="Akelarre (witchcraft)">Akelarre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Tenerife#Bola_canaria" title="Sport in Tenerife">Bola canaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canarian_wrestling" title="Canarian wrestling">Canarian wrestling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juego_del_Palo" class="mw-redirect" title="Juego del Palo">Juego del Palo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salto_del_pastor" class="mw-redirect" title="Salto del pastor">Salto del pastor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Isla_de_Lanzarote" title="Open Isla de Lanzarote">Open Lanzarote Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_Costa_Adeje_%E2%80%93_Isla_de_Tenerife" title="Open Costa Adeje – Isla de Tenerife">Open Costa Adeje</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Symbols places of<br />the Canary Islands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Teide" title="Teide">Teide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auditorio_de_Tenerife" title="Auditorio de Tenerife">Auditorio de Tenerife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garajonay_National_Park" title="Garajonay National Park">Garajonay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caldera_de_Taburiente" class="mw-redirect" title="Caldera de Taburiente">Caldera de Taburiente</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/16px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/24px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/32px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Spain" title="Portal:Spain">Spain portal</a>  <span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg/16px-Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg/24px-Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg/32px-Ic%C3%B4ne_Ile.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="200" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Islands" title="Portal:Islands">Islands portal</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Autonomous_communities_of_Spain" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Administrative_divisions_of_Spain" title="Template:Administrative divisions of Spain"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Administrative_divisions_of_Spain" title="Template talk:Administrative divisions of Spain"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Administrative_divisions_of_Spain" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Administrative divisions of Spain"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Autonomous_communities_of_Spain" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_communities_of_Spain" title="Autonomous communities of Spain">Autonomous communities</a> of <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_communities_of_Spain" title="Autonomous communities of Spain">Autonomous communities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_Andaluc%C3%ADa.svg/23px-Flag_of_Andaluc%C3%ADa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_Andaluc%C3%ADa.svg/35px-Flag_of_Andaluc%C3%ADa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_Andaluc%C3%ADa.svg/45px-Flag_of_Andaluc%C3%ADa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Andalusia" title="Andalusia">Andalusia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Flag_of_Aragon.svg/23px-Flag_of_Aragon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Flag_of_Aragon.svg/35px-Flag_of_Aragon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Flag_of_Aragon.svg/45px-Flag_of_Aragon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="667" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Aragon" title="Aragon">Aragon</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_Asturias.svg/23px-Flag_of_Asturias.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_Asturias.svg/35px-Flag_of_Asturias.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_Asturias.svg/45px-Flag_of_Asturias.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Asturias" title="Asturias">Asturias</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Flag_of_the_Balearic_Islands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Balearic_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Flag_of_the_Balearic_Islands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Balearic_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Flag_of_the_Balearic_Islands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Balearic_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1080" data-file-height="720" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Balearic_Islands" title="Balearic Islands">Balearic Islands</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Flag_of_the_Basque_Country.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Basque_Country.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Flag_of_the_Basque_Country.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Basque_Country.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Flag_of_the_Basque_Country.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Basque_Country.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="560" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Basque_Country_(autonomous_community)" title="Basque Country (autonomous community)">Basque Country</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Flag_of_the_Canary_Islands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Canary_Islands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Flag_of_the_Canary_Islands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Canary_Islands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Flag_of_the_Canary_Islands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Canary_Islands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Canary Islands</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Cantabria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cantabria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Cantabria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cantabria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Flag_of_Cantabria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Cantabria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Cantabria" title="Cantabria">Cantabria</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Bandera_Castilla-La_Mancha.svg/23px-Bandera_Castilla-La_Mancha.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Bandera_Castilla-La_Mancha.svg/35px-Bandera_Castilla-La_Mancha.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Bandera_Castilla-La_Mancha.svg/46px-Bandera_Castilla-La_Mancha.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Castilla%E2%80%93La_Mancha" title="Castilla–La Mancha">Castilla–La Mancha</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_Castile_and_Le%C3%B3n.svg/20px-Flag_of_Castile_and_Le%C3%B3n.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_Castile_and_Le%C3%B3n.svg/30px-Flag_of_Castile_and_Le%C3%B3n.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_Castile_and_Le%C3%B3n.svg/39px-Flag_of_Castile_and_Le%C3%B3n.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="650" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Castile_and_Le%C3%B3n" title="Castile and León">Castile and León</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Catalonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Catalonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Catalonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Catalonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Catalonia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Catalonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Catalonia" title="Catalonia">Catalonia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_Extremadura%2C_Spain_%28with_coat_of_arms%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Extremadura%2C_Spain_%28with_coat_of_arms%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_Extremadura%2C_Spain_%28with_coat_of_arms%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Extremadura%2C_Spain_%28with_coat_of_arms%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_Extremadura%2C_Spain_%28with_coat_of_arms%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Extremadura%2C_Spain_%28with_coat_of_arms%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Extremadura" title="Extremadura">Extremadura</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Galicia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Galicia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Galicia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Galicia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Flag_of_Galicia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Galicia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Galicia_(Spain)" title="Galicia (Spain)">Galicia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Flag_of_La_Rioja_%28with_coat_of_arms%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_La_Rioja_%28with_coat_of_arms%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Flag_of_La_Rioja_%28with_coat_of_arms%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_La_Rioja_%28with_coat_of_arms%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Flag_of_La_Rioja_%28with_coat_of_arms%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_La_Rioja_%28with_coat_of_arms%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/La_Rioja" title="La Rioja">La Rioja</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_the_Community_of_Madrid.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Community_of_Madrid.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_the_Community_of_Madrid.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Community_of_Madrid.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_the_Community_of_Madrid.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Community_of_Madrid.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Community_of_Madrid" title="Community of Madrid">Community of Madrid</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_Region_of_Murcia.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Region_of_Murcia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_Region_of_Murcia.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Region_of_Murcia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Flag_of_the_Region_of_Murcia.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Region_of_Murcia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Region_of_Murcia" title="Region of Murcia">Murcia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Bandera_de_Navarra.svg/23px-Bandera_de_Navarra.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Bandera_de_Navarra.svg/35px-Bandera_de_Navarra.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Bandera_de_Navarra.svg/45px-Bandera_de_Navarra.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Navarre" title="Navarre">Navarre</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Flag_of_the_Valencian_Community_%282x3%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Valencian_Community_%282x3%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Flag_of_the_Valencian_Community_%282x3%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Valencian_Community_%282x3%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Flag_of_the_Valencian_Community_%282x3%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Valencian_Community_%282x3%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="340" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Valencian_Community" title="Valencian Community">Valencian Community</a></span></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Spain.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Spain"><img alt="Flag of Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/64px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="64" height="43" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/96px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/128px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_cities_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Autonomous cities of Spain">Autonomous cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Ceuta.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ceuta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Ceuta.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ceuta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Ceuta.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ceuta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ceuta" title="Ceuta">Ceuta</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Melilla.svg/23px-Flag_of_Melilla.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Melilla.svg/35px-Flag_of_Melilla.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Melilla.svg/45px-Flag_of_Melilla.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Melilla" title="Melilla">Melilla</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span title="Spanish-language text"><i lang="es"><a href="/wiki/Plazas_de_soberan%C3%ADa" title="Plazas de soberanía">Plazas de soberanía</a></i></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alhucemas_Islands" title="Alhucemas Islands">Alhucemas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chafarinas_Islands" title="Chafarinas Islands">Chafarinas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pe%C3%B1%C3%B3n_de_V%C3%A9lez_de_la_Gomera" title="Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera">Vélez de la Gomera</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=European_Union&#124;link=European_Union_Outermost_regions_of_European_Union_states" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:EU_Outermost_regions" title="Template:EU Outermost regions"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:EU_Outermost_regions" title="Template talk:EU Outermost regions"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:EU_Outermost_regions" title="Special:EditPage/Template:EU Outermost regions"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=European_Union&#124;link=European_Union_Outermost_regions_of_European_Union_states" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union"><img alt="European Union" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Flag_of_Europe.svg/45px-Flag_of_Europe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="540" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Special_member_state_territories_and_the_European_Union#Outermost_regions" class="mw-redirect" title="Special member state territories and the European Union">Outermost regions</a> of <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a> states</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;white-space:nowrap;">Portugal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Azores" title="Azores">Azores</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira">Madeira</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:EU_outermost_regions.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/EU_outermost_regions.svg/150px-EU_outermost_regions.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="76" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/EU_outermost_regions.svg/225px-EU_outermost_regions.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/EU_outermost_regions.svg/300px-EU_outermost_regions.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="940" data-file-height="477" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;white-space:nowrap;">Spain</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Canary Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;white-space:nowrap;">France</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/French_Guiana" title="French Guiana">French Guiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guadeloupe" title="Guadeloupe">Guadeloupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martinique" title="Martinique">Martinique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayotte" title="Mayotte">Mayotte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9union" title="Réunion">Réunion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collectivity_of_Saint_Martin" title="Collectivity of Saint Martin">Saint-Martin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Islands_and_provinces_of_the_Canary_Islands" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Islands_and_provinces_of_the_Canary_Islands" title="Template:Islands and provinces of the Canary Islands"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Islands_and_provinces_of_the_Canary_Islands" title="Template talk:Islands and provinces of the Canary Islands"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Islands_and_provinces_of_the_Canary_Islands" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Islands and provinces of the Canary Islands"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Islands_and_provinces_of_the_Canary_Islands" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Islands and provinces of the <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Canary Islands</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Main islands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fuerteventura" title="Fuerteventura">Fuerteventura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gran_Canaria" title="Gran Canaria">Gran Canaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Gomera" title="La Gomera">La Gomera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Hierro" title="El Hierro">El Hierro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lanzarote" title="Lanzarote">Lanzarote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Palma" title="La Palma">La Palma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenerife" title="Tenerife">Tenerife</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Escudo_de_Canarias.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat-of-arms of the Canary Islands"><img alt="Coat-of-arms of the Canary Islands" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Escudo_de_Canarias.svg/68px-Escudo_de_Canarias.svg.png" decoding="async" width="68" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Escudo_de_Canarias.svg/102px-Escudo_de_Canarias.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Escudo_de_Canarias.svg/136px-Escudo_de_Canarias.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1450" data-file-height="1060" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other islands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinijo_Archipelago" title="Chinijo Archipelago">Chinijo Archipelago</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alegranza" title="Alegranza">Alegranza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graciosa,_Canary_Islands" title="Graciosa, Canary Islands">Graciosa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monta%C3%B1a_Clara" title="Montaña Clara">Montaña Clara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roque_del_Este" title="Roque del Este">Roque del Este</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roque_del_Oeste" title="Roque del Oeste">Roque del Oeste</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lobos_Island" title="Lobos Island">Lobos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Provinces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Las_Palmas" title="Province of Las Palmas">Las Palmas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Province_of_Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Province of Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Outlying_territories_of_European_countries" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Outlying_territories_of_European_countries" title="Template:Outlying territories of European countries"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Outlying_territories_of_European_countries" title="Template talk:Outlying territories of European countries"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Outlying_territories_of_European_countries" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Outlying territories of European countries"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Outlying_territories_of_European_countries" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Outlying territories of European countries</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Territories under European <a href="/wiki/Sovereignty" title="Sovereignty">sovereignty</a> but closer to or on continents other than Europe (see <a href="/wiki/Template:Outlying_territories_of_European_countries#Inclusion_criteria" title="Template:Outlying territories of European countries">inclusion criteria</a> for further information).</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Denmark</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greenland" title="Greenland">Greenland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faroe_Islands" title="Faroe Islands">Faroe Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">France</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Clipperton_Island" title="Clipperton Island">Clipperton Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Guiana" title="French Guiana">French Guiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Polynesia" title="French Polynesia">French Polynesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Southern_and_Antarctic_Lands" title="French Southern and Antarctic Lands">French Southern and Antarctic Lands</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ad%C3%A9lie_Land" title="Adélie Land">Adélie Land</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crozet_Islands" title="Crozet Islands">Crozet Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerguelen_Islands" title="Kerguelen Islands">Kerguelen Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Paul_and_Amsterdam_Islands" title="Saint Paul and Amsterdam Islands">Saint Paul and Amsterdam Islands</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%8Ele_Amsterdam" title="Île Amsterdam"> Amsterdam Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%8Ele_Saint-Paul" title="Île Saint-Paul"> Saint Paul Island</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scattered_Islands_in_the_Indian_Ocean" title="Scattered Islands in the Indian Ocean">Scattered Islands in the Indian Ocean</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bassas_da_India" title="Bassas da India">Bassas da India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Europa_Island" title="Europa Island">Europa Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glorioso_Islands" title="Glorioso Islands">Glorioso Islands</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banc_du_Geyser" title="Banc du Geyser"> Geyser Shoal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_de_Nova_Island" title="Juan de Nova Island">Juan de Nova Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tromelin_Island" title="Tromelin Island">Tromelin Island</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guadeloupe" title="Guadeloupe">Guadeloupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martinique" title="Martinique">Martinique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayotte" title="Mayotte">Mayotte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Caledonia" title="New Caledonia">New Caledonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9union" title="Réunion">Réunion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy" title="Saint Barthélemy">Saint Barthélemy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collectivity_of_Saint_Martin" title="Collectivity of Saint Martin">Saint Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Pierre_and_Miquelon" title="Saint Pierre and Miquelon">Saint Pierre and Miquelon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallis_and_Futuna" title="Wallis and Futuna">Wallis and Futuna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Netherlands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aruba" title="Aruba">Aruba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Netherlands" title="Caribbean Netherlands">Caribbean Netherlands</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bonaire" title="Bonaire">Bonaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saba_(island)" title="Saba (island)">Saba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sint_Eustatius" title="Sint Eustatius">Sint Eustatius</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cura%C3%A7ao" title="Curaçao">Curaçao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sint_Maarten" title="Sint Maarten">Sint Maarten</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Norway</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bouvet_Island" title="Bouvet Island">Bouvet Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_I_Island" title="Peter I Island">Peter I Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Maud_Land" title="Queen Maud Land">Queen Maud Land</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Portugal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Azores" title="Azores">Azores</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira">Madeira</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Spain</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Canary Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceuta" title="Ceuta">Ceuta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melilla" title="Melilla">Melilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plazas_de_Soberan%C3%ADa" class="mw-redirect" title="Plazas de Soberanía">Plazas de Soberanía</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alboran_Island" title="Alboran Island">Alboran Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alhucemas_Islands" title="Alhucemas Islands">Alhucemas Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chafarinas_Islands" title="Chafarinas Islands">Chafarinas Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Velez_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Velez Islands">Velez Islands</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">United Kingdom</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anguilla" title="Anguilla">Anguilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bermuda" title="Bermuda">Bermuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Antarctic_Territory" title="British Antarctic Territory">British Antarctic Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Indian_Ocean_Territory" title="British Indian Ocean Territory">British Indian Ocean Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Virgin_Islands" title="British Virgin Islands">British Virgin Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cayman_Islands" title="Cayman Islands">Cayman Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falkland_Islands" title="Falkland Islands">Falkland Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montserrat" title="Montserrat">Montserrat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pitcairn_Islands" title="Pitcairn Islands">Pitcairn Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Helena,_Ascension_and_Tristan_da_Cunha" title="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha">Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ascension_Island" title="Ascension Island">Ascension Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Helena" title="Saint Helena">Saint Helena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tristan_da_Cunha" title="Tristan da Cunha">Tristan da Cunha</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands" title="South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands">South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turks_and_Caicos_Islands" title="Turks and Caicos Islands">Turks and Caicos Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Countries_and_territories_of_North_Africa" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Countries_and_territories_of_North_Africa" title="Template:Countries and territories of North Africa"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Countries_and_territories_of_North_Africa" title="Template talk:Countries and territories of North Africa"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Countries_and_territories_of_North_Africa" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Countries and territories of North Africa"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Countries_and_territories_of_North_Africa" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Countries and territories of <a href="/wiki/North_Africa" title="North Africa">North Africa</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sovereign_state" title="Sovereign state">Sovereign states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/23px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/35px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/45px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg/23px-Flag_of_Libya.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg/35px-Flag_of_Libya.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg/46px-Flag_of_Libya.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/23px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/35px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/45px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Tunisia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Tunisia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Tunisia" title="Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">Partially recognized state</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic" title="Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic"><img alt="Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Flag_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="300" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic" title="Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic">Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Territory" title="Territory">Territories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a>/<a href="/wiki/Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic" title="Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic">SADR</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Western_Sahara" title="Western Sahara">Western Sahara</a><sup>1</sup></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Canary Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceuta" title="Ceuta">Ceuta</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melilla" title="Melilla">Melilla</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alboran_Island" title="Alboran Island">Alboran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alhucemas_Islands" title="Alhucemas Islands">Alhucemas</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chafarinas_Islands" title="Chafarinas Islands">Chafarinas</a><sup>2</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pe%C3%B1%C3%B3n_de_V%C3%A9lez_de_la_Gomera" title="Peñón de Vélez de la Gomera">Vélez de la Gomera</a><sup>2</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Madeira" title="Madeira">Madeira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savage_Islands" title="Savage Islands">Savage Islands</a><sup>3</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a>/<a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Halaib_Triangle" title="Halaib Triangle">Hala'ib Triangle</a><sup>4</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wadi_Halfa_Salient" title="Wadi Halfa Salient">Wadi Halfa Salient</a><sup>4</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bir_Tawil" title="Bir Tawil">Bir Tawil</a><sup>5</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a>/<a href="/wiki/South_Sudan" title="South Sudan">South Sudan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abyei" title="Abyei">Abyei</a><sup>6</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kafia_Kingi" title="Kafia Kingi">Kafia Kingi</a><sup>6</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pantelleria" title="Pantelleria">Pantelleria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelagie_Islands" title="Pelagie Islands">Pelagie Islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a>/<a href="/wiki/Chad" title="Chad">Chad</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aouzou_Strip" title="Aouzou Strip">Aouzou Strip</a><sup>7</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a>/<a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Perejil_Island" title="Perejil Island">Perejil</a><sup>8</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><i><sup>1</sup>Entirely claimed by both Morocco and the <a href="/wiki/Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic" title="Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic">SADR</a>.</i> <i><sup>2</sup>Spanish exclaves claimed by Morocco.</i> <i><sup>3</sup>Portuguese archipelago claimed by Spain.</i> <i><sup>4</sup>Disputed between Egypt and the Sudan.</i> <i><sup>5</sup><a href="/wiki/Terra_nullius" title="Terra nullius">Unclaimed territory</a> located between Egypt and the Sudan.</i> <i><sup>6</sup>Disputed between South Sudan and the Sudan.</i> <i><sup>7</sup>Part of Chad, formerly claimed by Libya.</i> <i><sup>8</sup>Disputed between Morocco and Spain</i></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Climate_of_Africa" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Africa_topic" title="Template:Africa topic"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Africa_topic" title="Template talk:Africa topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Africa_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Africa topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Climate_of_Africa" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Africa" title="Climate of Africa">Climate of Africa </a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Algeria" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Algeria">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Angola" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Angola">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Benin" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Benin">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Botswana" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Botswana">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Burkina_Faso" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Burundi" title="Climate of Burundi">Burundi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Cameroon" title="Climate of Cameroon">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Cape_Verde" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Cape Verde">Cape Verde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_the_Central_African_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of the Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Chad" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Chad">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_the_Comoros" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of the Comoros">Comoros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of the Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of the Republic of the Congo">Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Djibouti" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Djibouti">Djibouti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Egypt" title="Climate of Egypt">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Equatorial_Guinea" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Equatorial Guinea">Equatorial Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Eritrea" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Eritrea">Eritrea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Eswatini" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Eswatini">Eswatini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Ethiopia" title="Climate of Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Gabon" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Gabon">Gabon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_the_Gambia" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of the Gambia">The Gambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Ghana" title="Climate of Ghana">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Guinea" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Guinea">Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Guinea-Bissau" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Ivory_Coast" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Kenya" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Kenya">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Lesotho" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Lesotho">Lesotho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Liberia" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Liberia">Liberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Libya" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Libya">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Madagascar" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Malawi" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Malawi">Malawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Mali" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Mali">Mali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Mauritania" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Mauritania">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Mauritius" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Mauritius">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Morocco" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Morocco">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Mozambique" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Mozambique">Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Namibia" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Namibia">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Niger" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Niger">Niger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Nigeria" title="Climate of Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Rwanda" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Rwanda">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of São Tomé and Príncipe">São Tomé and Príncipe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Senegal" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Senegal">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Seychelles" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Seychelles">Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Sierra_Leone" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Somalia" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Somalia">Somalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_South_Africa" title="Climate of South Africa">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_South_Sudan" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of South Sudan">South Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Sudan" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Sudan">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Tanzania" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Tanzania">Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Togo" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Togo">Togo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Tunisia" title="Climate of Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Uganda" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Uganda">Uganda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Zambia" title="Climate of Zambia">Zambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Zimbabwe" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">States with limited<br />recognition</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_the_Sahrawi_Arab_Democratic_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic">Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Somaliland" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Somaliland">Somaliland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Dependencies and<br />other territories</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist wraplinks" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_the_Canary_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of the Canary Islands">Canary Islands</a> / <a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Ceuta" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Ceuta">Ceuta</a> / <a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Melilla" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Melilla">Melilla</a>  <span style="font-size:85%;">(Spain)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Madeira" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Madeira">Madeira</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(Portugal)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Mayotte" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Mayotte">Mayotte</a> / <a href="/wiki/Climate_of_R%C3%A9union" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Réunion">Réunion</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(France)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Saint_Helena" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Saint Helena">Saint Helena</a> / <a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Ascension_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Ascension Island">Ascension Island</a> / <a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Tristan_da_Cunha" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Tristan da Cunha">Tristan da Cunha</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(United Kingdom)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Western_Sahara" class="mw-redirect" title="Climate of Western Sahara">Western Sahara</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5813#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5813#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5813#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000122433059">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/148386330">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1222944/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJc7W3Q4mdY4pPJhHF48YP">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4073188-1">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n82164461">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12263408m">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12263408m">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00628362">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Kanárské ostrovy"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge134260&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX450541">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000053686&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bncatalogo.cl/F?func=direct&local_base=red10&doc_number=000060009">Chile</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?authid=308475">Greece</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/jgvxwll257p3cpx">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007552793905171">Israel</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007259191505171">2</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058514743806706">Catalonia</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" 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