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</div> </a> <ul id="toc-Uses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Wedding_rushnyks_and_motifs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wedding_rushnyks_and_motifs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Wedding rushnyks and motifs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wedding_rushnyks_and_motifs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Etymology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Etymology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-See_also-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle See also subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Related_references" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Related_references"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Related references</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Related_references-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Embroidery_in_other_cultures" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Embroidery_in_other_cultures"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Embroidery in other cultures</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Embroidery_in_other_cultures-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div 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class="mw-page-title-main">Rushnyk</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 18 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-18" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">18 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA_%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8B%D1%86%D1%8B%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%8B" title="Ручнік традыцыйны – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Ручнік традыцыйны" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Ручнік – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Ручнік" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rushnik" title="Rushnik – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Rushnik" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B4%D9%86%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="روشنیک – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="روشنیک" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rouchnik" title="Rouchnik – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Rouchnik" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ru%C5%A1nyk" title="Rušnyk – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Rušnyk" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rushnik" title="Rushnik – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Rushnik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ru%C5%A1nyk" title="Rušnyk – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Rušnyk" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%A4spaikku" title="Käspaikku – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Käspaikku" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AB%E3%82%B7%E3%83%8B%E3%82%AF" title="ルシニク – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ルシニク" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rusjnik" title="Rusjnik – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Rusjnik" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C4%99cznik_wyszywany" title="Ręcznik wyszywany – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ręcznik wyszywany" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C8%98tergar" title="Ștergar – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ștergar" data-language-autonym="Română" 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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">East Slavic ritual embroidered cloth</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rushnyk_Ukraine_embroidered_decorative_towels.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Rushnyk_Ukraine_embroidered_decorative_towels.jpg/220px-Rushnyk_Ukraine_embroidered_decorative_towels.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="243" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Rushnyk_Ukraine_embroidered_decorative_towels.jpg/330px-Rushnyk_Ukraine_embroidered_decorative_towels.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Rushnyk_Ukraine_embroidered_decorative_towels.jpg/440px-Rushnyk_Ukraine_embroidered_decorative_towels.jpg 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="848" /></a><figcaption>Rushnyk - <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_embroidery" title="Ukrainian embroidery">Ukrainian embroidered</a> and woven ritual cloth. <a href="/wiki/Pereiaslav" title="Pereiaslav">Pereiaslav</a>, Ukraine.</figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>rushnyk</b> or <b>rushnik</b> (<a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_language" title="Ukrainian language">Ukrainian</a>: <span lang="uk"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D1%80%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA" class="extiw" title="uk:рушник">рушник</a></span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="uk-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Ukrainian" title="Help:IPA/Ukrainian">[rʊʃˈnɪk]</a></span> <span class="noprint"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/f\/f7\/Uk-%D1%80%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA.ogg\/Uk-%D1%80%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Uk-\u0440\u0443\u0448\u043d\u0438\u043a.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/f7/Uk-%D1%80%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA.ogg/Uk-%D1%80%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:Uk-%D1%80%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA.ogg" title="File:Uk-рушник.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span>, <a href="/wiki/Belarusian_language" title="Belarusian language">Belarusian</a>: <span lang="be"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D1%80%D1%83%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA" class="extiw" title="be:ручнік">ручнік</a>, ručnik</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="be-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Belarusian" title="Help:IPA/Belarusian">[rut͡ʂˈnʲik]</a></span> <span class="noprint"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-2" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/e\/e6\/Be-%D1%80%D1%83%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA.ogg\/Be-%D1%80%D1%83%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Be-\u0440\u0443\u0447\u043d\u0456\u043a.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e6/Be-%D1%80%D1%83%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA.ogg/Be-%D1%80%D1%83%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:Be-%D1%80%D1%83%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA.ogg" title="File:Be-ручнік.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span>, <a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: <span lang="ru">полотенце ручник</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="ru-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Russian" title="Help:IPA/Russian">[rʊt͡ɕˈnʲik]</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Rusyn_language" title="Rusyn language">Rusyn</a>: <span lang="rue">ручник</span>) is a decorative and ritual cloth. Made of linen or cotton it usually represents woven or embroidered designs, <a href="/wiki/Symbol" title="Symbol">symbols</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cryptogram" title="Cryptogram">cryptograms</a> of the ancient world.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They have been used in sacred <a href="/wiki/East_Slavs" title="East Slavs">East Slavic</a> rituals, religious services and ceremonial events such as <a href="/wiki/Wedding" title="Wedding">weddings</a> and <a href="/wiki/Funeral" title="Funeral">funerals</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Each region has its own designs and patterns with hidden meaning, passed down from generation to generation and studied by <a href="/wiki/Ethnographers" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnographers">ethnographers</a>. </p><p>There are many rushnyk collections in ethnographic museums. In <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a>, the Rushnyk Museum is located in <a href="/wiki/Pereiaslav" title="Pereiaslav">Pereiaslav</a>, Ukraine as part of The Museum of Folk Architecture and Way of Life of Central <a href="/wiki/Naddniprianshchyna" class="mw-redirect" title="Naddniprianshchyna">Naddniprianshchyna</a>. A Russian rushnik collection is housed at the <a href="/wiki/Hermitage_Museum" title="Hermitage Museum">Hermitage Museum</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Meaning">Meaning</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rushnyk&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Meaning"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%80%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%80%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8.jpg/200px-%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%80%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%80%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8.jpg/300px-%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%80%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%80%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8.jpg/400px-%D0%91%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D1%80%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8.jpg 2x" data-file-width="754" data-file-height="802" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Belgorod_Oblast" title="Belgorod Oblast">Belgorod</a> rushniks, <a href="/wiki/Central_Russia" title="Central Russia">Central Russia</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Rectangle" title="Rectangle">rectangular</a> shape of the fabric indicates a life's journey and the ornamentation captures the cultural <a href="/wiki/Ancestral_memory" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancestral memory">ancestral memory</a> of the region.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The material used is either <a href="/wiki/Linen" title="Linen">linen</a> or <a href="/wiki/Hemp" title="Hemp">hemp</a>. The act of spinning thread and the process of weaving linen embodies spiritual power dating back to the ancient <a href="/wiki/Deity" title="Deity">deity</a> <a href="/wiki/Mokosh" title="Mokosh">Mokosh</a> who is often represented in embroidery. The needle has its own energy, an idea similar to <a href="/wiki/Acupuncture" title="Acupuncture">acupuncture</a>, and the color of the thread has <a href="/wiki/Sacred" class="mw-redirect" title="Sacred">sacred</a> meaning. Red represents life and is the main color used. A rushnyk is given to a baby at birth, it follows the person throughout life and is used in the funeral service after death. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%A8%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0_02a.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%A8%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0_02a.JPG/200px-%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%A8%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0_02a.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%A8%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0_02a.JPG/300px-%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%A8%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0_02a.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%A8%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0_02a.JPG/400px-%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA_%D0%A8%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE_%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0_02a.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>Rushniks play in Russia an important part in the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Eastern Orthodox Church</a>. It used to be very common to decorate the <a href="/wiki/Icon" title="Icon">icons</a> with Rushniks, this tradition is still common.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Uses">Uses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rushnyk&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Uses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Belarus.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/220px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/330px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/440px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption><i>Ručnik</i> pattern on the <a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Belarus" title="Flag of Belarus">flag of Belarus</a></figcaption></figure> <p>A Rushnyk has many uses. The very basic rushnik is colloquially called the <i>utyralnyk</i> or wiper and serves as a <a href="/wiki/Towel" title="Towel">towel</a>. The utyralnyk either has no designs on it or it has very narrow strip on the edges. In contrast, a <i>nabozhnyk</i> is a highly decorated Rushnyk composing of <a href="/wiki/Embroidery" title="Embroidery">embroidery</a> and of <a href="/wiki/Lace" title="Lace">lace</a>. <i>Nabozhnyks</i>, also called <i>nabraznyks</i> or <i>nakutnyks</i> are used to decorate <a href="/wiki/Icons" class="mw-redirect" title="Icons">icons</a> and <a href="/wiki/Icon_corner" title="Icon corner">icon corners</a> in homes. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Wedding_rushnyks_and_motifs">Wedding rushnyks and motifs</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rushnyk&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Wedding rushnyks and motifs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Large_1_441.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/56/Large_1_441.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="200" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="150" data-file-height="200" /></a><figcaption>Rushnyk</figcaption></figure> <p>Colour plays a very important symbolic role in traditional Slavic <a href="/wiki/Embroidery" title="Embroidery">embroidery</a>. Red is the colour of life, the <a href="/wiki/Sun" title="Sun">sun</a>, fertility and <a href="/wiki/Health" title="Health">health</a>. The majority of rushnyks are embroidered with red threads. The very word "red" means "beautiful" and "splendid" in <a href="/wiki/Old_East_Slavic" title="Old East Slavic">Old Russian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ruthenian_language" title="Ruthenian language">Ruthenian</a>: a red girl, a red sun or a red spring. The phrase <i>Krasnaya devitsa</i> in Old Russian language for example is an old idiomatic expression which means beautiful girl, the word <i>Krasnaya</i> translates in Russian language also into red.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The diamond-shaped design of the rushnyk is an ancient agricultural symbol, which means a sown field, or the sun, and expresses the idea of fertility and protection against evil. <a href="/wiki/Duck" title="Duck">Ducks</a>, in the centre of the rushnyk, symbolize the element of life-giving water. In wedding <a href="/wiki/Folklore" title="Folklore">folklore</a> a duck and a drake symbolize a bride and a groom, in other words a pair of ducks is a symbol of family life. Another common symbol on rushniks are birds.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During a wedding ceremony, the <a href="/wiki/Bride" title="Bride">bride</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bridegroom" title="Bridegroom">groom</a> stand on a Rushnyk called a <i>pidnozhnyk,</i> which translates as step-on towel. What happens to the pidnozhnyk is that the bride will drag the towel behind her, and her <a href="/wiki/Bridesmaid" title="Bridesmaid">bridesmaids</a> follow behind her. Tradition has it that when the bridesmaids follow behind the pidnozhnyk, they are following the path of the bride and will hopefully be married. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rushnyk&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Words with the common suffix "<a href="/wiki/-nik" title="-nik">-nyk</a>" ("-nik"), denoting <a href="/wiki/Agent_noun" title="Agent noun">agent nouns</a>, indicate a general association of the new word with the base one. </p> <ul><li>Rushnyk: from <i>ruka</i>, <a href="/wiki/Hand" title="Hand">hand</a></li> <li>Na-: a prefix meaning "on", i.e., the thing is supposed to be put onto something <ul><li>Nabozhnyk: from <i>Boh</i>, <a href="/wiki/God" title="God">God</a></li> <li>Naobraznyk: from <i>obraz</i>, literally "<a href="/wiki/Image" title="Image">image</a>", meaning "God's image", i.e., <a href="/wiki/Icon" title="Icon">icon</a></li> <li>Nakutnyk: from <i>kut</i>, <a href="/wiki/Corner_angle" class="mw-redirect" title="Corner angle">corner</a>, meaning the corner where an icon is hung (by East Slavic traditions).</li></ul></li> <li>Pidnozhnyk: from <i>pid (=</i>under) and <i>nohy</i> (=feet)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rushnyk&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Related_references">Related references</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rushnyk&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Related references"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rushnychok" title="Rushnychok">Rushnychok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Song_about_the_Towel" title="Song about the Towel">Song about the Towel</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Embroidery_in_other_cultures">Embroidery in other cultures</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rushnyk&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Embroidery in other cultures"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balochi_needlework" title="Balochi needlework">Balochi needlework</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestinian_traditional_costumes" title="Palestinian traditional costumes">Palestinian traditional costumes</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rushnyk&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">A Language of Their Own Rushnyky are mirrors of a nation's cultural ancestral memory. The ritual ornaments on rushnyky preserved archaic magical signs, symbolism of colors and artistic folk styles, Kozak baroque and rococo as well as classicism, all of which continue to amaze us and are cherished to this day. They have a language of their own — cryptograms that have been forgotten but not lost.<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160522145927/http://www.ukrainianmuseumdetroit.org/textiles/rushnyky.html">[1]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFYakiv_Bystrov,_Marcin_Kleban2011" class="citation book cs1">Yakiv Bystrov, Marcin Kleban, Anna Niżegorodcew (2011). <i>Developing Intercultural Competence through English: Focus</i>. Jagiellonian University. p. 94. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788323384366" title="Special:BookSources/9788323384366"><bdi>9788323384366</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Developing+Intercultural+Competence+through+English%3A+Focus&rft.pages=94&rft.pub=Jagiellonian+University&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=9788323384366&rft.aulast=Yakiv+Bystrov%2C+Marcin+Kleban&rft.aufirst=Anna+Ni%C5%BCegorodcew&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARushnyk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160522145927/http://www.ukrainianmuseumdetroit.org/textiles/rushnyky.html"><i>Rushnyky: Ukrainian Ritual Cloths</i></a>, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ukrainianmuseumdetroit.org/textiles/rushnyky.html">the original</a> on 2016-05-22</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Rushnyky%3A+Ukrainian+Ritual+Cloths&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ukrainianmuseumdetroit.org%2Ftextiles%2Frushnyky.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARushnyk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.grammarphobia.com/blog/2017/01/red.html">"Is red beautiful?"</a>. <i>Grammarphobia</i>. 2017-01-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-11-05</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Grammarphobia&rft.atitle=Is+red+beautiful%3F&rft.date=2017-01-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.grammarphobia.com%2Fblog%2F2017%2F01%2Fred.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARushnyk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://document.wikireading.ru/34165">"Рушники. Традиции русской народной свадьбы"</a>. <i>document.wikireading.ru</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-07-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=document.wikireading.ru&rft.atitle=%D0%A0%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8.+%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8+%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9+%D1%81%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8C%D0%B1%D1%8B&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdocument.wikireading.ru%2F34165&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARushnyk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rushnyk&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a 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href="/wiki/Bargello_(needlework)" title="Bargello (needlework)">Bargello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berlin_wool_work" title="Berlin wool work">Berlin work</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackwork" title="Blackwork">Blackwork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broderie_anglaise" title="Broderie anglaise">Broderie anglaise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broderie_perse" title="Broderie perse">Broderie perse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candlewicking" title="Candlewicking">Candlewicking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clare_embroidery" title="Clare embroidery">Clare embroidery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counted-thread_embroidery" title="Counted-thread embroidery">Counted-thread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crewel_embroidery" title="Crewel embroidery">Crewel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross-stitch" title="Cross-stitch">Cross-stitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cutwork" title="Cutwork">Cutwork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darning" title="Darning">Darning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drawn_thread_work" title="Drawn thread work">Drawn thread work</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goldwork_(embroidery)" title="Goldwork (embroidery)">Goldwork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hardanger_embroidery" title="Hardanger embroidery">Hardanger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hedebo_embroidery" title="Hedebo embroidery">Hedebo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machine_embroidery" title="Machine embroidery">Machine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Needlepoint" title="Needlepoint">Needlepoint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quillwork" title="Quillwork">Quillwork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smocking" title="Smocking">Smocking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stumpwork" title="Stumpwork">Stumpwork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surface_embroidery" title="Surface embroidery">Surface</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suzani_(textile)" title="Suzani (textile)">Suzani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitework_embroidery" title="Whitework embroidery">Whitework</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Odo_bayeux_tapestry_detail.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Odo_bayeux_tapestry_detail.jpg/85px-Odo_bayeux_tapestry_detail.jpg" decoding="async" width="85" height="215" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Odo_bayeux_tapestry_detail.jpg/128px-Odo_bayeux_tapestry_detail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Odo_bayeux_tapestry_detail.jpg/170px-Odo_bayeux_tapestry_detail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="353" data-file-height="893" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sampler_by_Elizabeth_Laidman_1760_detail.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Sampler_by_Elizabeth_Laidman_1760_detail.jpg/85px-Sampler_by_Elizabeth_Laidman_1760_detail.jpg" decoding="async" width="85" height="65" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Sampler_by_Elizabeth_Laidman_1760_detail.jpg/128px-Sampler_by_Elizabeth_Laidman_1760_detail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Sampler_by_Elizabeth_Laidman_1760_detail.jpg/170px-Sampler_by_Elizabeth_Laidman_1760_detail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="353" data-file-height="268" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kaitag.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/47/Kaitag.jpg/85px-Kaitag.jpg" decoding="async" width="85" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/47/Kaitag.jpg/128px-Kaitag.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/47/Kaitag.jpg/170px-Kaitag.jpg 2x" data-file-width="299" data-file-height="649" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Stitches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Backstitch" title="Backstitch">Backstitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blanket_stitch" title="Blanket stitch">Blanket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Box_stitch" class="mw-redirect" title="Box stitch">Box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buttonhole_stitch" title="Buttonhole stitch">Buttonhole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chain_stitch" title="Chain stitch">Chain stitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Couching" title="Couching">Couching and laid work</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross_stitches" title="Cross stitches">Cross stitches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embroidery_stitch" title="Embroidery stitch">Embroidery stitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Featherstitch" title="Featherstitch">Featherstitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holbein_stitch" title="Holbein stitch">Holbein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parisian_stitch" title="Parisian stitch">Parisian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Running_stitch" class="mw-redirect" title="Running stitch">Running</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satin_stitch" title="Satin stitch">Satin stitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sashiko_stitching" class="mw-redirect" title="Sashiko stitching">Sashiko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shisha_(embroidery)" title="Shisha (embroidery)">Shisha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Straight_stitch" title="Straight stitch">Straight stitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tent_stitch" title="Tent stitch">Tent stitch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tools and materials</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aida_cloth" title="Aida cloth">Aida cloth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embroidery_hoop" class="mw-redirect" title="Embroidery hoop">Embroidery hoop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embroidery_thread" title="Embroidery thread">Embroidery thread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Even-weave" class="mw-redirect" title="Even-weave">Evenweave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perforated_paper" title="Perforated paper">Perforated paper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plainweave" title="Plainweave">Plainweave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plastic_canvas" title="Plastic canvas">Plastic canvas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sampler_(needlework)" title="Sampler (needlework)">Sampler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slip_(needlework)" title="Slip (needlework)">Slip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yarn" title="Yarn">Yarn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regional<div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div>and historical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Art_needlework" title="Art needlework">Art needlework</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balochi_needlework" title="Balochi needlework">Balochi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_embroidery" title="Brazilian embroidery">Brazilian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bunka_shishu" title="Bunka shishu">Bunka shishu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalaga" title="Kalaga">Burmese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chikan_(embroidery)" title="Chikan (embroidery)">Chikan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_embroidery" title="Chinese embroidery">Chinese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cantonese_embroidery" title="Cantonese embroidery">Cantonese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sichuan_embroidery" title="Sichuan embroidery">Sichuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suzhou_embroidery" title="Suzhou embroidery">Suzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiang_embroidery" title="Xiang embroidery">Xiang</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_embroidery" title="English embroidery">English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embroidery_of_India" title="Embroidery of India">Indian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_embroidery" title="Islamic embroidery">Islamic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacobean_embroidery" title="Jacobean embroidery">Jacobean</a></li> <li><span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Sashiko" title="Sashiko">Sashiko</a></i></span> <ul><li><span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Kogin-zashi" title="Kogin-zashi">Kogin-zashi</a></i></span></li></ul></li> <li><span title="Japanese-language romanization"><i lang="ja-Latn"><a href="/wiki/Bunka_shishu" title="Bunka shishu">Bunka shishu</a></i></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaitag_textiles" title="Kaitag textiles">Kaitag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kantha" title="Kantha">Kantha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kasuti" title="Kasuti">Kasuti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_embroidery" title="Korean embroidery">Korean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_embroidery" title="Macedonian embroidery">Macedonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mountmellick_embroidery" title="Mountmellick embroidery">Mountmellick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nakshi_kantha" title="Nakshi kantha">Nakshi kantha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persian_embroidery" title="Persian embroidery">Persian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rasht_embroidery" title="Rasht embroidery">Rasht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sermeh_embroidery" title="Sermeh embroidery">Sermeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sistan_embroidery" title="Sistan embroidery">Sistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zardozi" title="Zardozi">Zardozi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opus_Anglicanum" title="Opus Anglicanum">Opus Anglicanum</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Rushnyk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sewed_muslin" title="Sewed muslin">Sewed muslin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_embroidery" title="Ukrainian embroidery">Ukrainian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_embroidery" title="Vietnamese embroidery">Vietnamese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vyshyvanka" title="Vyshyvanka">Vyshyvanka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Embroideries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Butler-Bowden_Cope" class="mw-redirect" title="Butler-Bowden Cope">Butler-Bowden Cope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayeux_Tapestry" title="Bayeux Tapestry">Bayeux Tapestry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bradford_carpet" title="Bradford carpet">Bradford carpet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Tapestry_of_Scotland" title="Great Tapestry of Scotland">Great Tapestry of Scotland</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Great_Tapestry_of_Scotland:_People%27s_Panel" title="Great Tapestry of Scotland: People's Panel">Great Tapestry of Scotland: People's Panel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hastings_Embroidery" title="Hastings Embroidery">Hastings Embroidery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hestia_Tapestry" title="Hestia Tapestry">Hestia tapestry</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Magna_Carta_(An_Embroidery)" title="Magna Carta (An Embroidery)">Magna Carta (An Embroidery)</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Layton%27s_embroidered_jacket" title="Margaret Layton's embroidered jacket">Margaret Layton's jacket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_World_Tapestry" title="New World Tapestry">New World Tapestry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Overlord_Embroidery" title="Overlord Embroidery">Overlord Embroidery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxburgh_Hangings" title="Oxburgh Hangings">Oxburgh Hangings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prestonpans_Tapestry" title="Prestonpans Tapestry">Prestonpans Tapestry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quaker_Tapestry" title="Quaker Tapestry">Quaker Tapestry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Diaspora_Tapestry" title="Scottish Diaspora Tapestry">Scottish Diaspora Tapestry</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fragments_of_a_Cope_with_the_Seven_Sacraments" title="Fragments of a Cope with the Seven Sacraments">Fragments of a Cope with the Seven Sacraments</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Designers<div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div>and embroiderers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Emilie_Bach" title="Emilie Bach">Emilie Bach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leon_Conrad" title="Leon Conrad">Leon Conrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shahin_Ebrahimzadeh-Pezeshki" title="Shahin Ebrahimzadeh-Pezeshki">Shahin Ebrahimzadeh-Pezeshki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaffe_Fassett" title="Kaffe Fassett">Kaffe Fassett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juanita_Growing_Thunder_Fogarty" title="Juanita Growing Thunder Fogarty">Juanita Growing Thunder Fogarty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constance_Howard_(artist)" title="Constance Howard (artist)">Constance Howard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marilyn_Leavitt-Imblum" title="Marilyn Leavitt-Imblum">Marilyn Leavitt-Imblum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Lesage" title="François Lesage">François Lesage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Macbeth" title="Ann Macbeth">Ann Macbeth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_Morris" title="May Morris">May Morris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jessie_Newbery" title="Jessie Newbery">Jessie Newbery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahtab_Norouzi" title="Mahtab Norouzi">Mahtab Norouzi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetiana_Protcheva" title="Tetiana Protcheva">Tetiana Protcheva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Germain_de_Saint_Aubin" title="Charles Germain de Saint Aubin">Charles Germain de Saint Aubin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Elizabeth_Turner" title="Mary Elizabeth Turner">Mary Elizabeth Turner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimitri_Vlachos_-_Castano" title="Dimitri Vlachos - Castano">Dimitri Vlachos - Castano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathleen_Whyte" title="Kathleen Whyte">Kathleen Whyte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erica_Wilson" title="Erica Wilson">Erica Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lily_Yeats" title="Lily Yeats">Lily Yeats</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations<div class="paragraphbreak" style="margin-top:0.5em"></div>and museums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Embroiderers%27_Guild" title="Embroiderers' Guild">Embroiderers' Guild (UK)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embroiderers%27_Guild_of_America" title="Embroiderers' Guild of America">Embroiderers' Guild of America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embroidery_Software_Protection_Coalition" title="Embroidery Software Protection Coalition">Embroidery Software Protection Coalition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Needlework_Development_Scheme" title="Needlework Development Scheme">Needlework Development Scheme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_School_of_Needlework" title="Royal School of Needlework">Royal School of Needlework</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wemyss_School_of_Needlework" title="Wemyss School of Needlework">Wemyss School of Needlework</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chung_Young_Yang_Embroidery_Museum" title="Chung Young Yang Embroidery Museum">Chung Young Yang Embroidery Museum </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Han_Sang_Soo_Embroidery_Museum" title="Han Sang Soo Embroidery Museum">Han Sang Soo Embroidery Museum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Appliqu%C3%A9" title="Appliqué">Appliqué</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crochet" title="Crochet">Crochet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knitting" title="Knitting">Knitting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lace" title="Lace">Lace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Needlework" title="Needlework">Needlework</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quilting" title="Quilting">Quilting</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rushnyk&oldid=1253092562">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rushnyk&oldid=1253092562</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a 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