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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Periods_of_occupation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Periods_of_occupation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Periods of occupation</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Periods_of_occupation-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Periods of occupation subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Periods_of_occupation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mehrgarh_Period_I_(pre-7000–5500_BCE)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mehrgarh_Period_I_(pre-7000–5500_BCE)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Mehrgarh Period I (pre-7000–5500 BCE)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mehrgarh_Period_I_(pre-7000–5500_BCE)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mehrgarh_Period_II_(5500–4800_BCE)_and_Period_III_(4800–3500_BCE)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mehrgarh_Period_II_(5500–4800_BCE)_and_Period_III_(4800–3500_BCE)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Mehrgarh Period II (5500–4800 BCE) and Period III (4800–3500 BCE)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mehrgarh_Period_II_(5500–4800_BCE)_and_Period_III_(4800–3500_BCE)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Togau_phase" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Togau_phase"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span>Togau phase</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Togau_phase-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mehrgarh_Periods_IV,_V_and_VI_(3500–3000_BCE)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mehrgarh_Periods_IV,_V_and_VI_(3500–3000_BCE)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Mehrgarh Periods IV, V and VI (3500–3000 BCE)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mehrgarh_Periods_IV,_V_and_VI_(3500–3000_BCE)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mehrgarh_Period_VII_(2600–2000_BCE)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mehrgarh_Period_VII_(2600–2000_BCE)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Mehrgarh Period VII (2600–2000 BCE)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mehrgarh_Period_VII_(2600–2000_BCE)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mehrgarh_Period_VIII" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mehrgarh_Period_VIII"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Mehrgarh Period VIII</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mehrgarh_Period_VIII-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lifestyle_and_technology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lifestyle_and_technology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Lifestyle and technology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lifestyle_and_technology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Artifacts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Artifacts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Artifacts</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Artifacts-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Artifacts subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Artifacts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Human_figurines" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Human_figurines"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Human figurines</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Human_figurines-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pottery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pottery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Pottery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pottery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Burials" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Burials"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Burials</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Burials-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Metallurgy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Metallurgy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Metallurgy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Metallurgy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Further reading subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mehrgarh" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mehrgarh"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Mehrgarh</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mehrgarh-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Indus_Valley_Civilization" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Indus_Valley_Civilization"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Indus Valley Civilization</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Indus_Valley_Civilization-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-South_Asia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#South_Asia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.3</span> <span>South Asia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-South_Asia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-South_Asia_paleoanthropology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#South_Asia_paleoanthropology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.4</span> <span>South Asia paleoanthropology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-South_Asia_paleoanthropology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Central_Asia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Central_Asia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.5</span> <span>Central Asia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Central_Asia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Global_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Global_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.6</span> <span>Global history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Global_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-India" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#India"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.7</span> <span>India</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-India-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Indo-Aryans" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Indo-Aryans"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.8</span> <span>Indo-Aryans</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Indo-Aryans-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Mehrgarh</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 47 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-47" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">47 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehrgarh" title="Mehrgarh – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Mehrgarh" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%BA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87" title="مهرغاره – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مهرغاره" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BC" title="মেহৰগড় – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="মেহৰগড়" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehrqarh" title="Mehrqarh – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Mehrqarh" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BC" title="মেহেরগড় – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মেহেরগড়" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85" title="Мергарх – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Мергарх" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehrgarh" title="Mehrgarh – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Mehrgarh" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A9hrgarh" title="Méhrgarh – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Méhrgarh" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehrgarh" title="Mehrgarh – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Mehrgarh" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehrgarh" title="Mehrgarh – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Mehrgarh" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mejergar" title="Mejergar – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Mejergar" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehrgarh" title="Mehrgarh – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Mehrgarh" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%87%D8%B1%DA%AF%D8%B1%D9%87" title="مهرگره – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مهرگره" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehrgarh" title="Mehrgarh – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mehrgarh" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A9%94%EB%A5%B4%EA%B0%80%EB%A5%B4" title="메르가르 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="메르가르" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A2%E0%A4%BC" title="मेहरगढ़ – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मेहरगढ़" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehrgarh" title="Mehrgarh – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Mehrgarh" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%B0%E1%83%98" title="მერგარჰი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მერგარჰი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mergarha" title="Mergarha – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Mergarha" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehrgarh" title="Mehrgarh – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Mehrgarh" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B9%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%A2%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82" title="മേഹർഗഢ് സംസ്കാരം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മേഹർഗഢ് സംസ്കാരം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%B0%E1%83%98" title="მერგარჰი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="მერგარჰი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%87%D8%B1%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87" title="مهرجاره – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="مهرجاره" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehrgarh" title="Mehrgarh – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Mehrgarh" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehrgarh" title="Mehrgarh – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Mehrgarh" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A2" title="मेहरगढ – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="मेहरगढ" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A1%E3%83%98%E3%83%AB%E3%82%AC%E3%83%AB" title="メヘルガル – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="メヘルガル" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehrgarh" title="Mehrgarh – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Mehrgarh" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehrgarh" title="Mehrgarh – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Mehrgarh" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehrgarh" title="Mehrgarh – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Mehrgarh" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%97%E0%A9%9C%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B9" title="ਮਿਹਰਗੜ੍ਹ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਮਿਹਰਗੜ੍ਹ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%81%D8%B1_%DA%AF%DA%91%DA%BE" title="مہر گڑھ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="مہر گڑھ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehrgarh" title="Mehrgarh – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Mehrgarh" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mergar" title="Mergar – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Mergar" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%85%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85" title="Мехргарх – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Мехргарх" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehrgarh" title="Mehrgarh – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Mehrgarh" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%87%D8%B1%DA%B3%DA%99%DA%BE%D9%87" title="مهرڳڙھه – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="مهرڳڙھه" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Мергар – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Мергар" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehrgarh" title="Mehrgarh – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Mehrgarh" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehrgarh" title="Mehrgarh – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Mehrgarh" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehrgarh" title="Mehrgarh – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Mehrgarh" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B9%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D" title="மெஹெர்கர் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மெஹெர்கர்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%B9%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%A2%E0%B1%8D" title="మెహర్గఢ్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="మెహర్గఢ్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mehrgarh" title="Mehrgarh – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Mehrgarh" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%85" title="Мергарх – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Мергарх" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Mehrgarh&params=29_23_N_67_37_E_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">29°23′N</span> <span class="longitude">67°37′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">29.383°N 67.617°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">29.383; 67.617</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Neolithic archaeological site in Balochistan, Pakistan</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Mehrgarh</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Mehrgarh_ruins.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Mehrgarh_ruins.jpg/220px-Mehrgarh_ruins.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Mehrgarh_ruins.jpg/330px-Mehrgarh_ruins.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Mehrgarh_ruins.jpg/440px-Mehrgarh_ruins.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="654" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Ruins" title="Ruins">Ruins</a> of houses at Mehrgarh, Balochistan</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pakistan_Balochistan_relief_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mehrgahr is located in Balochistan, Pakistan"><img alt="Mehrgahr is located in Balochistan, Pakistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Pakistan_Balochistan_relief_map.svg/250px-Pakistan_Balochistan_relief_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Pakistan_Balochistan_relief_map.svg/375px-Pakistan_Balochistan_relief_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Pakistan_Balochistan_relief_map.svg/500px-Pakistan_Balochistan_relief_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1197" data-file-height="1049" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:37.809%;left:71.267%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Mehrgahr"><img alt="Mehrgahr" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg/8px-Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg/12px-Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg/16px-Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:5px"><div>Mehrgahr</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location within the Pakistani province of Balochistan</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Balochistan, Pakistan</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pakistan_relief_location_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mehrgahr is located in Pakistan"><img alt="Mehrgahr is located in Pakistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Pakistan_relief_location_map.jpg/250px-Pakistan_relief_location_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Pakistan_relief_location_map.jpg/375px-Pakistan_relief_location_map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Pakistan_relief_location_map.jpg/500px-Pakistan_relief_location_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2365" data-file-height="1890" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:56.957%;left:35.585%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Mehrgahr"><img alt="Mehrgahr" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg/8px-Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg/12px-Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg/16px-Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div>Mehrgahr</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location within Pakistan</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Pakistan</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:South_Asia_non_political,_with_rivers.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mehrgahr is located in South Asia"><img alt="Mehrgahr is located in South Asia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/South_Asia_non_political%2C_with_rivers.jpg/250px-South_Asia_non_political%2C_with_rivers.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="231" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/South_Asia_non_political%2C_with_rivers.jpg/375px-South_Asia_non_political%2C_with_rivers.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/South_Asia_non_political%2C_with_rivers.jpg/500px-South_Asia_non_political%2C_with_rivers.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2324" data-file-height="2151" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:30.11%;left:20.304%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Mehrgahr"><img alt="Mehrgahr" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg/8px-Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="8" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg/12px-Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg/16px-Archaeological_site_icon_%28red%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:5px"><div>Mehrgahr</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Mehrgahr (South Asia)</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of South Asia</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Alternative name</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">Mehrgahr, Merhgarh, Merhgahr</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Balochistan,_Pakistan" title="Balochistan, Pakistan">Balochistan, Pakistan</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Region</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/South_Asia" title="South Asia">South Asia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Coordinates</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Mehrgarh&params=29_23_N_67_37_E_type:landmark"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">29°23′N</span> <span class="longitude">67°37′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">29.383°N 67.617°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">29.383; 67.617</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #eee;">History</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 7000 BCE</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Abandoned</th><td class="infobox-data"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 2600 BCE</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Periods</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Neolithic" title="Neolithic">Neolithic</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #eee;">Site notes</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Excavation dates</th><td class="infobox-data">1974–1986, 1997–2000</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Archaeologists</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_Jarrige" title="Jean-François Jarrige">Jean-François Jarrige</a>, <a href="/wiki/Catherine_Jarrige_(archaeologist)" title="Catherine Jarrige (archaeologist)">Catherine Jarrige (archaeologist)</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><b>Followed by:</b> <a href="/wiki/Indus_Valley_civilisation#Early_Harappan" class="mw-redirect" title="Indus Valley civilisation">Early Harappan period</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Mehrgarh</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Neolithic" title="Neolithic">Neolithic</a> <a href="/wiki/Archaeological_site" title="Archaeological site">archaeological site</a> (dated <span class="nowrap"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 7000 BCE</span> – <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 2500/2000</span> BCE</span>) situated on the <a href="/wiki/Kacchi_Plain" title="Kacchi Plain">Kacchi Plain</a> of <a href="/wiki/Balochistan,_Pakistan" title="Balochistan, Pakistan">Balochistan</a> in modern-day <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is located near the <a href="/wiki/Bolan_Pass" title="Bolan Pass">Bolan Pass</a>, to the west of the <a href="/wiki/Indus_River" title="Indus River">Indus River</a> and between the modern-day Pakistani cities of <a href="/wiki/Quetta" title="Quetta">Quetta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kalat,_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalat, Pakistan">Kalat</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sibi" title="Sibi">Sibi</a>. The site was discovered in 1974 by the French Archaeological Mission<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> led by the <a href="/wiki/French_people" title="French people">French</a> archaeologists <a href="/wiki/Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_Jarrige" title="Jean-François Jarrige">Jean-François Jarrige</a> and <a href="/wiki/Catherine_Jarrige_(archaeologist)" title="Catherine Jarrige (archaeologist)">Catherine Jarrige</a>. Mehrgarh was <a href="/wiki/Archaeological_excavation" title="Archaeological excavation">excavated</a> continuously between 1974 and 1986,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and again from 1997 to 2000.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Archaeological material has been found in six <a href="/wiki/Mound" title="Mound">mounds</a>, and about 32,000 artifacts have been collected from the site. The earliest settlement at Mehrgarh, located in the northeast corner of the 495-acre (2.00 km<sup>2</sup>) site, was a small farming village dated between 7000 BCE and 5500 BCE. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mehrgarh&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Neolithic_Revolution" title="Neolithic Revolution">Neolithic Revolution</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fertile_Crescent" title="Fertile Crescent">Fertile Crescent</a>, <a href="/wiki/Demic_diffusion" title="Demic diffusion">Demic diffusion</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Dravidian_peoples#Origins" title="Dravidian peoples">Dravidian peoples § Origins</a></div> <p>Mehrgarh is one of the earliest known sites in <a href="/wiki/South_Asia" title="South Asia">South Asia</a> showing evidence of farming and herding.<sup id="cite_ref-whc.unesco.org_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-whc.unesco.org-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Mehrgarh_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mehrgarh-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bhirrana_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bhirrana-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was influenced by the <a href="/wiki/Neolithic" title="Neolithic">Neolithic</a> culture of the <a href="/wiki/Near_East" title="Near East">Near East</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGangalSarsonShukurov2014_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGangalSarsonShukurov2014-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with similarities between "domesticated wheat varieties, early phases of farming, pottery, other archaeological artefacts, some domesticated plants and herd animals."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESingh20165_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESingh20165-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Near_East_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Near_East-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to <a href="/wiki/Asko_Parpola" title="Asko Parpola">Asko Parpola</a>, the culture migrated into the <a href="/wiki/Indus_River" title="Indus River">Indus Valley</a> and became the <a href="/wiki/Indus_Valley_Civilisation" title="Indus Valley Civilisation">Indus Valley Civilisation</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Bronze_Age" title="Bronze Age">Bronze Age</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEParpola201517_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEParpola201517-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_Jarrige" title="Jean-François Jarrige">Jean-Francois Jarrige</a> argues for an independent origin of Mehrgarh. Jarrige notes "the assumption that farming economy was introduced full-fledged from Near-East to South Asia,"<sup id="cite_ref-Jarrige_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jarrige-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Near_East_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Near_East-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the similarities between Neolithic sites from eastern <a href="/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia">Mesopotamia</a> and the western Indus Valley, which are evidence of a "cultural continuum" between those sites. However, given the originality of Mehrgarh, Jarrige concludes that Mehrgarh has an earlier local background," and is not a "'backwater' of the Neolithic culture of the Near East."<sup id="cite_ref-Jarrige_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jarrige-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Site_Location_of_Mehrgarh.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Site_Location_of_Mehrgarh.jpg/220px-Site_Location_of_Mehrgarh.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Site_Location_of_Mehrgarh.jpg/330px-Site_Location_of_Mehrgarh.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Site_Location_of_Mehrgarh.jpg/440px-Site_Location_of_Mehrgarh.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7360" data-file-height="4912" /></a><figcaption>Site location of Mehrgarh</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/John_R._Lukacs" title="John R. Lukacs">Lukacs</a> and Hemphill suggest an initial local development of Mehrgarh, with continuity in cultural development but a population change.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Lukacs and Hemphill, while there is a strong continuity between the Neolithic and <a href="/wiki/Chalcolithic" title="Chalcolithic">Chalcolithic</a> cultures of Mehrgarh, dental evidence shows that the Chalcolithic population did not descend from the Neolithic population of Mehrgarh,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEConinghamYoung2015114_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEConinghamYoung2015114-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which "suggests moderate levels of <a href="/wiki/Gene_flow" title="Gene flow">gene flow</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEConinghamYoung2015114_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEConinghamYoung2015114-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They wrote that "the direct lineal descendants of the Neolithic inhabitants of Mehrgarh are to be found to the south and the east of Mehrgarh, <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a> in <a href="/wiki/North_India" title="North India">northwestern India</a> and the western edge of the <a href="/wiki/Deccan_Plateau" title="Deccan Plateau">Deccan Plateau</a>," with Neolithic Mehrgarh showing greater affinity with Chalcolithic <a href="/wiki/Inamgaon" title="Inamgaon">Inamgaon</a>, south of Mehrgarh, than with Chalcolithic Mehrgarh.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEConinghamYoung2015114_38-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEConinghamYoung2015114-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Gallego Romero et al. (2011) state that their research on <a href="/wiki/Lactase_persistence" title="Lactase persistence">lactose tolerance</a> in <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> suggests that "the west Eurasian genetic contribution identified by Reich et al. (2009) principally reflects gene flow from <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle East</a>."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGallego_Romero20119_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGallego_Romero20119-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gallego Romero notes that <a href="/wiki/Indian_people" title="Indian people">Indians</a> who are lactose-tolerant show a genetic pattern regarding this tolerance which is "characteristic of the common <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">European</a> mutation."<sup id="cite_ref-ScienceLife2011_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ScienceLife2011-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Romero, this suggests that "the most common lactose tolerance mutation made a two-way migration out of the Middle East less than 10,000 years ago. While the mutation spread across Europe, another explorer must have brought the mutation eastward to India – likely traveling along the coast of the <a href="/wiki/Persian_Gulf" title="Persian Gulf">Persian Gulf</a> where other pockets of the same mutation have been found."<sup id="cite_ref-ScienceLife2011_43-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ScienceLife2011-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They further note that "[t]he earliest evidence of cattle herding in south Asia comes from the Indus River Valley site of Mehrgarh and is dated to 7,000 YBP."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGallego_Romero20119_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGallego_Romero20119-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Periods_of_occupation">Periods of occupation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mehrgarh&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Periods of occupation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Archaeologists divide the occupation at the site into eight periods. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mehrgarh_Period_I_(pre-7000–5500_BCE)"><span id="Mehrgarh_Period_I_.28pre-7000.E2.80.935500_BCE.29"></span>Mehrgarh Period I (pre-7000–5500 BCE)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mehrgarh&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Mehrgarh Period I (pre-7000–5500 BCE)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Mehrgarh Period I (pre-7000–5500 BCE)<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was <a href="/wiki/Neolithic" title="Neolithic">Neolithic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Aceramic" title="Aceramic">aceramic</a> (without the use of pottery). The earliest <a href="/wiki/Farming" class="mw-redirect" title="Farming">farming</a> in the area was developed by semi-nomadic people using plants such as <a href="/wiki/Wheat" title="Wheat">wheat</a> and <a href="/wiki/Barley" title="Barley">barley</a> and animals such as <a href="/wiki/Sheep" title="Sheep">sheep</a>, <a href="/wiki/Goat" title="Goat">goats</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cattle" title="Cattle">cattle</a>. The settlement was established with unbaked mud-brick buildings and most of them had four internal subdivisions. Numerous burials have been found, many with elaborate goods such as baskets, stone and bone tools, beads, bangles, pendants, and occasionally animal sacrifices, with more goods left with burials of males. Ornaments of <a href="/wiki/Sea_shell" class="mw-redirect" title="Sea shell">sea shell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Limestone" title="Limestone">limestone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turquoise" title="Turquoise">turquoise</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lapis_lazuli" title="Lapis lazuli">lapis lazuli</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sandstone" title="Sandstone">sandstone</a> have been found, along with simple <a href="/wiki/Figurine" title="Figurine">figurines</a> of women and animals. Seashells from far seashores, and lapis lazuli from as far away as present-day <a href="/wiki/Badakshan" class="mw-redirect" title="Badakshan">Badakshan</a>, show good contact with those areas. One ground <a href="/wiki/Stone_axe" class="mw-redirect" title="Stone axe">stone axe</a> was discovered in a <a href="/wiki/Burial" title="Burial">burial</a>, and several more were obtained from the surface. These ground stone axes are the earliest to come from a stratified context in <a href="/wiki/South_Asia" title="South Asia">South Asia</a>. </p><p>Periods I, II, and III are considered contemporaneous with another site called Kili Gul Mohammad.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The aceramic Neolithic phase in the region had originally been called the <i>Kili Gul Muhammad phase</i>. While the Kili Gul Muhammad site itself probably started <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 5500 BCE</span>, subsequent discoveries allowed the date range of 7000–5000 BCE to be defined for this aceramic Neolithic phase.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2001, archaeologists studying the remains of nine men from Mehrgarh discovered that the people of this civilization knew proto-<a href="/wiki/Dentistry" title="Dentistry">dentistry</a>. In April 2006, it was announced in the scientific journal <i><a href="/wiki/Nature_(journal)" title="Nature (journal)">Nature</a></i> that the oldest (and first <i>early Neolithic</i>) evidence for the drilling of human teeth <i>in vivo</i> (<i>i.e.</i> in a living person) was found in Mehrgarh. According to the authors, their discoveries point to a tradition of proto-dentistry in the early farming cultures of that region. "Here we describe eleven drilled molar crowns from nine adults discovered in a Neolithic graveyard in Pakistan that dates from 7,500 to 9,000 years ago. These findings provide evidence for a long tradition of a type of proto-dentistry in early farming culture."<sup id="cite_ref-Coppa_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Coppa-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mehrgarh_Period_II_(5500–4800_BCE)_and_Period_III_(4800–3500_BCE)"><span id="Mehrgarh_Period_II_.285500.E2.80.934800_BCE.29_and_Period_III_.284800.E2.80.933500_BCE.29"></span>Mehrgarh Period II (5500–4800 BCE) and Period III (4800–3500 BCE)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mehrgarh&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Mehrgarh Period II (5500–4800 BCE) and Period III (4800–3500 BCE)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Mehrgarh Period II (<a href="/wiki/5500_BCE" class="mw-redirect" title="5500 BCE">5500 BCE</a>–<a href="/wiki/4800_BCE" class="mw-redirect" title="4800 BCE">4800 BCE</a>) and Merhgarh Period III (<a href="/wiki/4800_BCE" class="mw-redirect" title="4800 BCE">4800 BCE</a>–<a href="/wiki/3500_BCE" class="mw-redirect" title="3500 BCE">3500 BCE</a>) were ceramic Neolithic, using <a href="/wiki/Pottery" title="Pottery">pottery</a>, and later <a href="/wiki/Chalcolithic" title="Chalcolithic">chalcolithic</a>. Period II is at site MR4 and Period III is at MR2.<sup id="cite_ref-sharifthapar1_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sharifthapar1-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Much evidence of manufacturing activity has been found and more advanced techniques were used. Glazed <a href="/wiki/Faience" title="Faience">faience</a> beads were produced and <a href="/wiki/Terracotta" title="Terracotta">terracotta</a> figurines became more detailed. Figurines of females were decorated with paint and had diverse hairstyles and ornaments. Two flexed <a href="/wiki/Burial" title="Burial">burials</a> were found in Period II with a <a href="/wiki/Red_ochre" class="mw-redirect" title="Red ochre">red ochre</a> cover on the body. The number of burial goods decreased over time, becoming limited to ornaments and with more goods left with burials of females. The first button <a href="/wiki/Seal_(device)" class="mw-redirect" title="Seal (device)">seals</a> were produced from terracotta and bone and had geometric designs. Technologies included stone and copper drills, updraft <a href="/wiki/Kiln" title="Kiln">kilns</a>, large pit kilns, and copper melting <a href="/wiki/Crucibles" class="mw-redirect" title="Crucibles">crucibles</a>. There is further evidence of long-distance trade in Period II: important as an indication of this is the discovery of several <a href="/wiki/Beads" class="mw-redirect" title="Beads">beads</a> of lapis lazuli, once again from <a href="/wiki/Badakshan" class="mw-redirect" title="Badakshan">Badakshan</a>. Mehrgarh Periods II and III are also contemporaneous with an expansion of the settled populations of the borderlands at the western edge of South Asia, including the establishment of settlements like Rana Ghundai, <a href="/wiki/Sheri_Khan_Tarakai" title="Sheri Khan Tarakai">Sheri Khan Tarakai</a>, Sarai Kala, Jalilpur, and Ghaligai.<sup id="cite_ref-sharifthapar1_51-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sharifthapar1-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Period III was not much explored, but it was found that Togau phase (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 4000</span>–3500 BCE) was part of this level, covering around 100 hectares in the areas MR.2, MR.4, MR.5 and MR.6, encompassing ruins, burial and dumping grounds, but archaeologist Jean-François Jarrige concluded that "such wide extension was not due to contemporaneous occupation, but rather due to the shift and partial superimposition in time of several villages or settlement clusters across a span of several centuries."<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Togau_phase">Togau phase</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mehrgarh&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Togau phase"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>At the beginning of Mehrgarh III, Togau ceramics appeared at the site. Togau ware was first defined by <a href="/wiki/Beatrice_de_Cardi" title="Beatrice de Cardi">Beatrice de Cardi</a> in 1948. Togau is a large mound in the Chhappar Valley of <a href="/wiki/Sarawan" title="Sarawan">Sarawan</a>, 12 kilometers northwest of <a href="/wiki/Kalat,_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalat, Pakistan">Kalat</a> in Balochistan. This type of pottery is found widely in Balochistan and eastern Afghanistan, at sites such as <a href="/wiki/Mundigak" title="Mundigak">Mundigak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sheri_Khan_Tarakai" title="Sheri Khan Tarakai">Sheri Khan Tarakai</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Periano_Ghundai" title="Periano Ghundai">Periano Ghundai</a>. According to Possehl it is attested at 84 sites up to date.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The time period mentioned near this tag is ambiguous. (February 2023)">when?</span></a></i>]</sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Anjira&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anjira (page does not exist)">Anjira</a> is a contemporary ancient site near Togau.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Togau ceramics are decorated with geometric designs and were already being made with a <a href="/wiki/Potter%27s_wheel" title="Potter's wheel">potter's wheel</a>. </p><p>Mehrgarh Period III, during the second half of the 4th millennium BCE, is characterized by important new developments. There is a big increase in the number of settlements in the Quetta Valley, the Surab Region, the Kachhi Plain and elsewhere in the area. Kili Ghul Mohammad (II−III) pottery is similar to Togau Ware.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mehrgarh_Periods_IV,_V_and_VI_(3500–3000_BCE)"><span id="Mehrgarh_Periods_IV.2C_V_and_VI_.283500.E2.80.933000_BCE.29"></span>Mehrgarh Periods IV, V and VI (3500–3000 BCE)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mehrgarh&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Mehrgarh Periods IV, V and VI (3500–3000 BCE)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Period IV was 3500–3250 BCE, Period V from 3250–3000 BCE, and Period VI was around 3000 BCE.<sup id="cite_ref-maisels1_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-maisels1-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The site containing Periods IV to VII is designated as MR1.<sup id="cite_ref-sharifthapar1_51-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sharifthapar1-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mehrgarh_Period_VII_(2600–2000_BCE)"><span id="Mehrgarh_Period_VII_.282600.E2.80.932000_BCE.29"></span>Mehrgarh Period VII (2600–2000 BCE)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mehrgarh&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Mehrgarh Period VII (2600–2000 BCE)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sometime between 2600 BCE and 2000 BCE, the city seems to have been largely abandoned in favor of the larger fortified town <a href="/wiki/Nausharo" title="Nausharo">Nausharo</a> five miles away, when the <a href="/wiki/Indus_Valley_civilisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Indus Valley civilisation">Indus Valley civilisation</a> was in its middle stages of development. Historian <a href="/wiki/Michael_Wood_(historian)" title="Michael Wood (historian)">Michael Wood</a> suggests this took place around 2500 BCE.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Archaeologist Massimo Vidale considers a series of semi-columns found in a structure at Mehrgarh, dated around 2500 BCE by the French mission there, to be very similar to semi-columns found in Period IV at <a href="/wiki/Shahr-e_Sukhteh" title="Shahr-e Sukhteh">Shahr-e Sukhteh</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: min.12:10">: min.12:10 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mehrgarh_Period_VIII">Mehrgarh Period VIII</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mehrgarh&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Mehrgarh Period VIII"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The last period is found at the Sibri cemetery, about 8 kilometers from Mehrgarh.<sup id="cite_ref-sharifthapar1_51-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sharifthapar1-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lifestyle_and_technology">Lifestyle and technology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mehrgarh&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Lifestyle and technology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Early Mehrgarh residents lived in <a href="/wiki/Mud_brick" class="mw-redirect" title="Mud brick">mud brick</a> houses, stored their grain in granaries, fashioned tools with <a href="/wiki/Chalcolithic" title="Chalcolithic">local copper ore</a>, and lined their large basket containers with <a href="/wiki/Bitumen" title="Bitumen">bitumen</a>. They cultivated six-row <a href="/wiki/Barley" title="Barley">barley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Einkorn_wheat" class="mw-redirect" title="Einkorn wheat">einkorn</a> and <a href="/wiki/Emmer" title="Emmer">emmer</a> wheat, <a href="/wiki/Jujube" title="Jujube">jujubes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Date_(fruit)" class="mw-redirect" title="Date (fruit)">dates</a>, and herded sheep, goats and cattle. Residents of the later period (5500 BCE to 2600 BCE) put much effort into crafts, including <a href="/wiki/Flint_knapping" class="mw-redirect" title="Flint knapping">flint knapping</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tanning_(leather)" title="Tanning (leather)">tanning</a>, bead production, and <a href="/wiki/Metal_working" class="mw-redirect" title="Metal working">metal working</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mehrgarh is probably the earliest known center of agriculture in South Asia.<sup id="cite_ref-Harris1996_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Harris1996-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The oldest known example of the <a href="/wiki/Lost-wax_casting" title="Lost-wax casting">lost-wax technique</a> comes from a 6,000-year-old wheel-shaped copper amulet found at Mehrgarh. The <a href="/wiki/Amulet" title="Amulet">amulet</a> was made from unalloyed copper, an unusual innovation that was later abandoned.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Artifacts">Artifacts</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mehrgarh&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Artifacts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Seated_Mother_Goddess_,3000%E2%80%932500_B.C._Pakistan_(Baluchistan)_Mehrgarh_style.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Seated_Mother_Goddess_%2C3000%E2%80%932500_B.C._Pakistan_%28Baluchistan%29_Mehrgarh_style.jpg/220px-Seated_Mother_Goddess_%2C3000%E2%80%932500_B.C._Pakistan_%28Baluchistan%29_Mehrgarh_style.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="320" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Seated_Mother_Goddess_%2C3000%E2%80%932500_B.C._Pakistan_%28Baluchistan%29_Mehrgarh_style.jpg/330px-Seated_Mother_Goddess_%2C3000%E2%80%932500_B.C._Pakistan_%28Baluchistan%29_Mehrgarh_style.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Seated_Mother_Goddess_%2C3000%E2%80%932500_B.C._Pakistan_%28Baluchistan%29_Mehrgarh_style.jpg/440px-Seated_Mother_Goddess_%2C3000%E2%80%932500_B.C._Pakistan_%28Baluchistan%29_Mehrgarh_style.jpg 2x" data-file-width="619" data-file-height="900" /></a><figcaption>Seated Mother Goddess, 3000–2500 BCE. Mehrgarh.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Human_figurines">Human figurines</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mehrgarh&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Human figurines"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The oldest ceramic figurines in South Asia were also found at Mehrgarh. They occur in all phases of the settlement and were prevalent even before pottery appears. The earliest figurines are quite simple and do not show intricate features. However, they grow in sophistication with time, and by 4000 BCE begins to show their characteristic hairstyles and typical prominent <a href="/wiki/Breasts" class="mw-redirect" title="Breasts">breasts</a>. All the figurines up to this period were female. Male figurines appear only from period VII and gradually become more numerous. Many of the female figurines are holding babies, and were interpreted as depictions of a <a href="/wiki/Mother_goddess" title="Mother goddess">mother goddess</a>. However, due to some difficulties in conclusively identifying these figurines with a mother goddess, some scholars prefer using the term "female figurines with likely cultic significance".<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Nelson1_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nelson1-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pottery">Pottery</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mehrgarh&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Pottery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MET_2003_592_2_O.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/MET_2003_592_2_O.jpg/220px-MET_2003_592_2_O.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="193" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/MET_2003_592_2_O.jpg/330px-MET_2003_592_2_O.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/MET_2003_592_2_O.jpg/440px-MET_2003_592_2_O.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="615" /></a><figcaption>Mehrgarh painted pottery, 3000–2500 BCE<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Evidence of pottery begins from Period II. In Period III, the finds become much more abundant as the <a href="/wiki/Potter%27s_wheel" title="Potter's wheel">potter's wheel</a> is introduced, and they show more intricate designs and also animal motifs.<sup id="cite_ref-sharifthapar1_51-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sharifthapar1-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The characteristic female figurines appear beginning in Period IV and the finds show more intricate designs and sophistication. <a href="/wiki/Sacred_fig" class="mw-redirect" title="Sacred fig">Pipal</a> leaf designs are used in decoration from Period VI.<sup id="cite_ref-Singh1_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Singh1-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some sophisticated firing techniques were used from Periods VI and VII and an area reserved for the pottery industry has been found at mound MR1. However, by Period VIII, the quality and intricacy of designs seem to have suffered due to mass production, and a growing interest in bronze and copper vessels.<sup id="cite_ref-maisels1_55-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-maisels1-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Burials">Burials</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mehrgarh&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Burials"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are two types of burials in the Mehrgarh site. There were individual burials where a single individual was enclosed in narrow mud walls and collective burials with thin mud-brick walls within which skeletons of six different individuals were discovered. The bodies in the collective burials were kept in a flexed position and were laid east to west. Child bones were found in large jars or urn burials (4000–3300 BCE).<sup id="cite_ref-dibyopama_etal_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dibyopama_etal-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Metallurgy">Metallurgy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mehrgarh&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Metallurgy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Metal findings have been dated as early as Period IIB, with a few <a href="/wiki/Copper" title="Copper">copper</a> items.<sup id="cite_ref-sharifthapar1_51-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sharifthapar1-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Singh1_66-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Singh1-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mehrgarh&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1116488514"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1116488514"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1116488514"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1116488514"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1116488514"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1116488514"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1116488514"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile vcard"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><div class="sidebar-pretitle" style="margin: -0.2em 0; font-size:69%; font-weight:normal;">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_Pakistan" title="Category:History of Pakistan">a series</a> on the</div></th> </tr><tr> <th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style=""><a href="/wiki/History_of_Pakistan" title="History of Pakistan">History of <span class="fn org label">Pakistan</span></a></th> </tr><tr><td style="padding-bottom: 0.4em; border-bottom: 1px solid #ccc;"><figure class="mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mohenjo-daro_Priesterk%C3%B6nig.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Statue of an Indus priest or king found in Mohenjodaro, 1927" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Mohenjo-daro_Priesterk%C3%B6nig.jpeg/190px-Mohenjo-daro_Priesterk%C3%B6nig.jpeg" decoding="async" width="190" height="245" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Mohenjo-daro_Priesterk%C3%B6nig.jpeg/285px-Mohenjo-daro_Priesterk%C3%B6nig.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Mohenjo-daro_Priesterk%C3%B6nig.jpeg/380px-Mohenjo-daro_Priesterk%C3%B6nig.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="584" data-file-height="754" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-above"> <a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Pakistani_history" title="Timeline of Pakistani history">Timeline</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#eee;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Ancient</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content nowrap" style="background:#iee;text-align:left;"><div class="treeview"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_Asian_Stone_Age" title="South Asian Stone Age">Palaeolithic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soanian" title="Soanian">Soanian culture</a>, c. 500,000 – 250,000 BCE</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Asian_Stone_Age" title="South Asian Stone Age">Neolithic</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mehrgarh</a>, c. 7000 – c. 3000 BCE</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indus_Valley_Civilisation" title="Indus Valley Civilisation">Indus Valley Civilisation</a>, c. 3300 – c. 1700 BCE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vedic_Period" class="mw-redirect" title="Vedic Period">Vedic Civilization</a>, c. 1500 – c. 500 BCE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_Empire" title="Achaemenid Empire">Achaemenid Empire</a>, c. 550 – c. 330 BCE <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gedrosia_(satrapy)" title="Gedrosia (satrapy)">Gedrosia</a>, c. 542 – c. 330 BCE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gandhara#Part_of_Achaemenid_Empire" title="Gandhara">Gandhara</a>, c. 518 – c. 330 BCE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arachosia" title="Arachosia">Arachosia</a>, c. 518 – c. 330 BCE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindush" title="Hindush">Hindush</a>, c. 517 – c. 330 BCE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sattagydia" title="Sattagydia">Sattagydia</a>, c. 516 – c. 330 BCE</li></ul></li> <li>Ror dynasty, c. 489 – c. 450 BCE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macedonian_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Macedonian Empire">Macedonian Empire</a>, c. 329 – c. 323 BCE <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arachosia" title="Arachosia">Arachosia</a>, c. 323 – c. 312 BCE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gedrosia" title="Gedrosia">Gedrosia</a>, c. 323 – c. 312 BCE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paropamisadae" title="Paropamisadae">Paropamisadae</a>, c. 323 – c. 312 BCE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porus_the_Elder" class="mw-redirect" title="Porus the Elder">Porus</a>, c. 323 – c. 312 BCE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxiles" title="Taxiles">Taxiles</a>, c. 323 – c. 312 BCE</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauryan_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Mauryan Empire">Mauryan Empire</a>, c. 322 – c. 200 BCE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seleucid_Empire" title="Seleucid Empire">Seleucid Empire</a>, c. 312 – c. 63 BCE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greco-Bactrian_Kingdom" title="Greco-Bactrian Kingdom">Greco-Bactrian Kingdom</a>, c. 190 – c. 140 BCE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Greek_Kingdom" title="Indo-Greek Kingdom">Indo-Greek Kingdom</a>, c. 170 – c. 50 BCE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Scythians" title="Indo-Scythians">Indo-Scythian Kingdom</a>, c. 110 BCE – c. 95 CE <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apracharajas" title="Apracharajas">Apracharajas</a>, c. 25 BCE – c. 50 CE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paratarajas" title="Paratarajas">Paratarajas</a>, c. 120 – c. 300 CE</li></ul></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#eee;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Classical</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content nowrap" style="background:#iee;text-align:left;"><div class="treeview"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parthian_Empire" title="Parthian Empire">Parthian Empire</a>, c. 90 BCE – c. 25 CE <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Parthian_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Indo-Parthian Kingdom">Indo-Parthian Kingdom</a>, c. 25 – c. 80 CE</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kushan_Empire" title="Kushan Empire">Kushan Empire</a>, c. 60 – 345 CE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sasanian_Empire" title="Sasanian Empire">Sasanian Empire</a>, c. 250 – 655 CE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Sasanians" class="mw-redirect" title="Indo-Sasanians">Indo-Sasanians</a>, c. 240 – 410 CE <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kushano-Sasanian_Kingdom" title="Kushano-Sasanian Kingdom">Kushano-Sasanian Kingdom</a>, c. 240 – 410 CE</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gupta_Empire" title="Gupta Empire">Gupta Empire</a>, c. 345 – c. 455 CE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rai_dynasty" title="Rai dynasty">Rai dynasty</a>, c. 415 – 644 CE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hephthalite_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Hephthalite Empire">Hephthalite Empire</a>, c. 450 – 560 CE <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brahman_dynasty_of_Sindh" class="mw-redirect" title="Brahman dynasty of Sindh">Brahman dynasty</a>, c. 641 – 725 CE</li></ul></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#eee;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Medieval</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content nowrap" style="background:#iee;text-align:left;"><div class="treeview"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caliphate" title="Caliphate">Caliphate</a>, c. 643 – 860 CE <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Muslim_conquest_of_Persia#Conquest_of_Persia.28642.E2.80.93651.29" title="Muslim conquest of Persia">Rashidun Caliphate</a>, c. 643 – 661 CE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_bin_Qasim#Umayyad_interest_in_Sindh" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad bin Qasim">Umayyad Caliphate</a>, c. 670 – 860 CE</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pala_Empire" title="Pala Empire">Pala Empire</a>, c. 770 – 850 CE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habbari_dynasty" title="Habbari dynasty">Habbari dynasty</a>, c. 841 – 1024 CE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_Shahi" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindu Shahi">Hindu Shahi</a>, c. 870 – 1010 CE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samanid_Empire" title="Samanid Empire">Samanid Empire</a>, c. 905 – 999 CE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghaznavids" title="Ghaznavids">Ghaznavids</a>, c. 999 – 1186 CE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soomra_dynasty" title="Soomra dynasty">Soomra dynasty</a>, c. 1024 – 1351 CE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghurid_dynasty" title="Ghurid dynasty">Ghurid dynasty</a>, c. 1170 – 1215 CE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delhi_Sultanate" title="Delhi Sultanate">Delhi Sultanate</a>, c. 1206 – c. 1526 CE <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mamluk_dynasty_(Delhi)" title="Mamluk dynasty (Delhi)">Mamluk dynasty</a>, c. 1206 – c. 1290 CE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khalji_dynasty" title="Khalji dynasty">Khalji dynasty</a>, c. 1290 – c. 1320 CE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tughlaq_dynasty" title="Tughlaq dynasty">Tugluq dynasty</a>, c. 1320 – c. 1413 CE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sayyid_dynasty" title="Sayyid dynasty">Sayyid dynasty</a>, c. 1414 – c. 1451 CE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lodi_dynasty" title="Lodi dynasty">Lodhi dynasty</a>, c. 1451 – c. 1526 CE</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongol_invasions_of_India" title="Mongol invasions of India">Mongol Empire</a>, c. 1221 – c. 1327 CE <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chagatai_Khanate" title="Chagatai Khanate">Chagatai Khanate</a>, c. 1225 – c. 1485 CE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilkhanate" title="Ilkhanate">Ilkhanate</a>, c. 1256 – c. 1353 CE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raees_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Raees dynasty">Raees dynasty</a>, c. 1320 – 1620 CE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katoor_dynasty" title="Katoor dynasty">Katoor dynasty</a>, c. 1570 – c. 1947 CE</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samma_dynasty" title="Samma dynasty">Samma dynasty</a>, c. 1351 – c. 1524 CE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arghun_dynasty" title="Arghun dynasty">Arghun dynasty</a>, c. 1520 – c. 1554 CE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mughal_Empire" title="Mughal Empire">Mughal Empire</a>, c. 1526 – c. 1707 CE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombay_Presidency" title="Bombay Presidency">Bombay Presidency</a>, c. 1618 – c. 1947 CE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sur_Empire" title="Sur Empire">Suri dynasty</a>, c. 1540 – c. 1556 CE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarkhan_dynasty" title="Tarkhan dynasty">Tarkhan dynasty</a>, c. 1554 – 1591 CE</li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#eee;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Early modern</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content nowrap" style="background:#iee;text-align:left;"><div class="treeview"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Durrani_Empire" title="Durrani Empire">Durrani Empire</a>, c. 1747 – c. 1826 CE <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Las_Bela_(princely_state)" title="Las Bela (princely state)">Las Bela</a>, c. 1802 – c. 1947 CE</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Misl" class="mw-redirect" title="Misl">Misl</a>, c. 1716 – c. 1799 CE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maratha_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Maratha Empire">Maratha Empire</a>, c. 1758 – c. 1760 CE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikh_Empire" title="Sikh Empire">Sikh Empire</a>, c. 1799 – c. 1849 CE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Raj" title="British Raj">British Raj</a>, c. 1858 – c. 1947 CE <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Pakistan movement">Independence Movement</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#eee;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Modern</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content nowrap" style="background:#iee;text-align:left;"><div class="treeview"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>, c. 1947 CE – present <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dominion_of_Pakistan" title="Dominion of Pakistan">Dominion of Pakistan</a>, c. 1947 – 1956 CE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Islamic_Republic_of_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan">Republican Pakistan</a>, c. 1956 CE – present</li></ul></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#eee;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">History of provinces</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content nowrap" style="background:#iee;text-align:left;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Azad_Kashmir" title="History of Azad Kashmir">Azad Kashmir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Balochistan" title="History of Balochistan">Balochistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_East_Pakistan" title="History of East Pakistan">East Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Gilgit-Baltistan" title="History of Gilgit-Baltistan">Gilgit-Baltistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Islamabad" title="History of Islamabad">Islamabad Capital Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Khyber_Pakhtunkhwa" title="History of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa">Khyber Pakhtunkhwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Punjab" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the Punjab">Punjab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Sindh" title="History of Sindh">Sindh</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="font-weight:bold;"> <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_Pakistan" title="Category:History of Pakistan">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Pakistan" title="Portal:Pakistan">Portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output 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navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:History_of_Pakistan" title="Template:History of Pakistan"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:History_of_Pakistan" title="Template talk:History of Pakistan"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:History_of_Pakistan" title="Special:EditPage/Template:History of Pakistan"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title">The <a href="/wiki/Neolithic" title="Neolithic">Neolithic</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-above"> ↑ <a href="/wiki/Mesolithic" title="Mesolithic">Mesolithic</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Neolithic cultures</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div style="text-align:left"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Fertile_Crescent" title="Fertile Crescent">Fertile Crescent</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Heavy_Neolithic" title="Heavy Neolithic">Heavy Neolithic</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Shepherd_Neolithic" title="Shepherd Neolithic">Shepherd Neolithic</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Trihedral_Neolithic" title="Trihedral Neolithic">Trihedral Neolithic</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pre-Pottery_Neolithic" title="Pre-Pottery Neolithic">Pre-Pottery</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pre-Pottery_Neolithic_A" title="Pre-Pottery Neolithic A">A</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pre-Pottery_Neolithic_B" title="Pre-Pottery Neolithic B">B</a>)</dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Qaraoun_culture" title="Qaraoun culture">Qaraoun culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Tahunian" title="Tahunian">Tahunian culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Yarmukian_culture" title="Yarmukian culture">Yarmukian culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Halaf_culture" title="Halaf culture">Halaf culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Halaf-Ubaid_Transitional_period" title="Halaf-Ubaid Transitional period">Halaf-Ubaid Transitional period</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ubaid_period" title="Ubaid period">Ubaid culture</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Nile" title="Nile">Nile valley</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Faiyum_A_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Faiyum A culture">Faiyum A culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Tasian_culture" title="Tasian culture">Tasian culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Merimde_culture" title="Merimde culture">Merimde culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/El_Omari_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="El Omari culture">El Omari culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Maadi_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Maadi culture">Maadi culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Badarian_culture" title="Badarian culture">Badarian culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Amratian_culture" title="Amratian culture">Amratian culture</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Neolithic_Europe" title="Neolithic Europe">Europe</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Arzachena_culture" title="Arzachena culture">Arzachena culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Boian_culture" title="Boian culture">Boian culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Butmir_culture" title="Butmir culture">Butmir culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cardium_pottery" title="Cardium pottery">Cardium pottery culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cernavod%C4%83_culture" title="Cernavodă culture">Cernavodă culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Co%C8%9Bofeni_culture" title="Coțofeni culture">Coțofeni culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cucuteni%E2%80%93Trypillia_culture" title="Cucuteni–Trypillia culture">Cucuteni–Trypillia culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Danilo_culture" title="Danilo culture">Danilo culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Dude%C8%99ti_culture" title="Dudești culture">Dudești culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Gorne%C5%9Fti_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Gorneşti culture">Gorneşti culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Gumelni%C8%9Ba%E2%80%93Karanovo_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Gumelnița–Karanovo culture">Gumelnița–Karanovo culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Hamangia_culture" title="Hamangia culture">Hamangia culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Kakanj_culture" title="Kakanj culture">Kakanj culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Khirokitia" title="Khirokitia">Khirokitia</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Linear_Pottery_culture" title="Linear Pottery culture">Linear Pottery culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Megalithic_Temples_of_Malta" title="Megalithic Temples of Malta">Malta Temples</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ozieri_culture" title="Ozieri culture">Ozieri culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Petre%C5%9Fti_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Petreşti culture">Petreşti culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/San_Ciriaco_culture" title="San Ciriaco culture">San Ciriaco culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Shulaveri%E2%80%93Shomu_culture" title="Shulaveri–Shomu culture">Shulaveri–Shomu culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sesklo_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Sesklo culture">Sesklo culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Sopot_culture" title="Sopot culture">Sopot culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Tisza_culture" title="Tisza culture">Tisza culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Tiszapolg%C3%A1r_culture" title="Tiszapolgár culture">Tiszapolgár culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Usatovo_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Usatovo culture">Usatovo culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Varna_culture" title="Varna culture">Varna culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Vin%C4%8Da_culture" title="Vinča culture">Vinča culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Vu%C4%8Dedol_culture" title="Vučedol culture">Vučedol culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Neolithic_Transylvania" class="mw-redirect" title="Neolithic Transylvania">Neolithic Transylvania</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Neolithic_Southeastern_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Neolithic Southeastern Europe">Neolithic Southeastern Europe</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_Neolithic_cultures_of_China" title="List of Neolithic cultures of China">China</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Peiligang_culture" title="Peiligang culture">Peiligang culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Pengtoushan_culture" title="Pengtoushan culture">Pengtoushan culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Beixin_culture" title="Beixin culture">Beixin culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Cishan_culture" title="Cishan culture">Cishan culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Dadiwan_culture" title="Dadiwan culture">Dadiwan culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Houli_culture" title="Houli culture">Houli culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Xinglongwa_culture" title="Xinglongwa culture">Xinglongwa culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Xinle_culture" title="Xinle culture">Xinle culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Zhaobaogou_culture" title="Zhaobaogou culture">Zhaobaogou culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Hemudu_culture" title="Hemudu culture">Hemudu culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Daxi_culture" title="Daxi culture">Daxi culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Majiabang_culture" title="Majiabang culture">Majiabang culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Yangshao_culture" title="Yangshao culture">Yangshao culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Hongshan_culture" title="Hongshan culture">Hongshan culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Dawenkou_culture" title="Dawenkou culture">Dawenkou culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Songze_culture" title="Songze culture">Songze culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Liangzhu_culture" title="Liangzhu culture">Liangzhu culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Majiayao_culture" title="Majiayao culture">Majiayao culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Qujialing_culture" title="Qujialing culture">Qujialing culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Longshan_culture" title="Longshan culture">Longshan culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Baodun_culture" title="Baodun culture">Baodun culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Shijiahe_culture" title="Shijiahe culture">Shijiahe culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Yueshi_culture" title="Yueshi culture">Yueshi culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Neolithic_Tibet" title="Neolithic Tibet">Neolithic Tibet</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Neolithic_South_Asia" class="mw-redirect" title="Neolithic South Asia">South Asia</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Lahuradewa" title="Lahuradewa">Lahuradewa</a></dd> <dd><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mehrgarh</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Marine_archaeology_in_the_Gulf_of_Cambay" class="mw-redirect" title="Marine archaeology in the Gulf of Cambay">Marine archaeology<br /> in the Gulf of Cambay</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Bhirrana" title="Bhirrana">Bhirrana</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Rakhigarhi" title="Rakhigarhi">Rakhigarhi</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Kalibangan" title="Kalibangan">Kalibangan</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Chopani_Mando" title="Chopani Mando">Chopani Mando</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Jhukar_Phase" class="mw-redirect" title="Jhukar Phase">Jhukar</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Daimabad" title="Daimabad">Daimabad</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Chirand" title="Chirand">Chirand</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Koldihwa" title="Koldihwa">Koldihwa</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Burzahom_archaeological_site" title="Burzahom archaeological site">Burzahom</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Mundigak" title="Mundigak">Mundigak</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Brahmagiri_archaeological_site" title="Brahmagiri archaeological site">Brahmagiri</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd>Other locations <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Khiamian_culture" title="Khiamian culture">Khiamian culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Jeulmun_pottery_period" title="Jeulmun pottery period">Jeulmun pottery period</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/J%C5%8Dmon_period" title="Jōmon period">Jōmon period</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Philippine_jade_culture" title="Philippine jade culture">Philippine jade culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Capsian_culture" title="Capsian culture">Capsian culture</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Savanna_Pastoral_Neolithic" title="Savanna Pastoral Neolithic">Savanna Pastoral Neolithic</a></dd></dl></dd></dl> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="color: var(--color-base)">Neolithic topics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neolithic_Revolution" title="Neolithic Revolution">Neolithic Revolution</a> (farming)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Animal_husbandry" title="Animal husbandry">Animal husbandry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pottery" title="Pottery">Pottery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metallurgy" title="Metallurgy">Metallurgy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheel" title="Wheel">Wheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neolithic_circular_enclosures_in_Central_Europe" title="Neolithic circular enclosures in Central Europe">Circular ditches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henge" title="Henge">Henges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megalith" title="Megalith">Megaliths</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neolithic_religion" class="mw-redirect" title="Neolithic religion">Neolithic religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neolithic_decline" title="Neolithic decline">Neolithic decline</a></li></ul> </div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="background:#efefef; font-size:100%;"> ↓ <a href="/wiki/Chalcolithic" title="Chalcolithic">Chalcolithic</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks plainlist"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title" style="padding-bottom:0.5em; font-size:130%;"><a href="/wiki/South_Asia#History" title="South Asia">History of South Asia</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:South_Asia_(orthographic_projection)_without_national_boundaries.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="South Asia (orthographic projection)"><img alt="South Asia (orthographic projection)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/South_Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29_without_national_boundaries.svg/150px-South_Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29_without_national_boundaries.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/South_Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29_without_national_boundaries.svg/225px-South_Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29_without_national_boundaries.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/South_Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29_without_national_boundaries.svg/300px-South_Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29_without_national_boundaries.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="550" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;text-align:left;padding-right:4em;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_South_Asian_history" title="Outline of South Asian history">Outline</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks plainlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;text-align:left;padding-right:4em;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/South_Asian_Stone_Age" title="South Asian Stone Age">Palaeolithic</a> <span class="nobold">(2,500,000–250,000 BC)</span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Madrasian_culture" title="Madrasian culture">Madrasian culture</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"></td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Soanian" title="Soanian">Soanian culture</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;text-align:left;padding-right:4em;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/South_Asian_Stone_Age" title="South Asian Stone Age">Neolithic</a> <span class="nobold">(10,800–3300 BC)</span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Bhirrana" title="Bhirrana">Bhirrana culture</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (7570–6200 BC)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mehrgarh culture</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (7000–3300 BC)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Edakkal_Caves" class="mw-redirect" title="Edakkal Caves">Edakkal culture</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (5000–3000 BC)</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;text-align:left;padding-right:4em;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Chalcolithic" title="Chalcolithic">Chalcolithic</a> <span class="nobold">(3500–1500 BC)</span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Anarta_tradition" title="Anarta tradition">Anarta tradition</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 3950</span>–1900 BC)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Ahar%E2%80%93Banas_culture" title="Ahar–Banas culture">Ahar-Banas culture</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (3000–1500 BC)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Pandu_culture" title="Pandu culture">Pandu culture</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1600–750 BC)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Malwa_culture" title="Malwa culture">Malwa culture</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1600–1300 BC)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Jorwe_culture" title="Jorwe culture">Jorwe culture</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1400–700 BC)</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;text-align:left;padding-right:4em;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Bronze_Age_India" title="Bronze Age India">Bronze Age</a> <span class="nobold">(3300–1300 BC)</span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Indus_Valley_Civilisation" title="Indus Valley Civilisation">Indus Valley Civilisation</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;">(3300–1300 BC)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">  – <a href="/wiki/Indus_Valley_Civilisation#Early_Harappan" title="Indus Valley Civilisation">Early Harappan culture</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;">(3300–2600 BC)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">  – <a href="/wiki/Indus_Valley_Civilisation#Mature_Harappan" title="Indus Valley Civilisation">Mature Harappan culture</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;">(2600–1900 BC)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">  – <a href="/wiki/Cemetery_H_culture" title="Cemetery H culture">Late Harappan culture</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;">(1900–1300 BC)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Vedic_period" title="Vedic period">Vedic Civilisation</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;">(2000–500 BC)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">  – <a href="/wiki/Ochre_Coloured_Pottery_culture" title="Ochre Coloured Pottery culture">Ochre Coloured Pottery culture</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;">(2000–1600 BC)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">  – <a href="/wiki/Gandhara_grave_culture" title="Gandhara grave culture">Swat culture</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;">(1600–500 BC)</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;text-align:left;padding-right:4em;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Iron_Age_in_India" title="Iron Age in India">Iron Age</a> <span class="nobold">(1500–200 BC)</span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Vedic_period" title="Vedic period">Vedic Civilisation</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;">(1500–500 BC)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">  – <a href="/wiki/Janapada" title="Janapada">Janapadas</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1500–600 BC)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">  – <a href="/wiki/Black_and_red_ware" title="Black and red ware">Black and Red ware culture</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;">(1300–1000 BC)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">  – <a href="/wiki/Painted_Grey_Ware_culture" title="Painted Grey Ware culture">Painted Grey Ware culture</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1200–600 BC)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">  – <a href="/wiki/Northern_Black_Polished_Ware" title="Northern Black Polished Ware">Northern Black Polished Ware</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (700–200 BC)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Pradyota_dynasty" title="Pradyota dynasty">Pradyota dynasty</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (799–684 BC)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Haryanka_dynasty" title="Haryanka dynasty">Haryanka dynasty</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (684–424 BC)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Three_Crowned_Kings" title="Three Crowned Kings">Three Crowned Kingdoms</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 600 BC</span> – AD 1600)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Mahajanapadas" title="Mahajanapadas">Maha Janapadas</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 600</span>–300 BC)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_Empire" title="Achaemenid Empire">Achaemenid Empire</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (550–330 BC)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> Ror Dynasty</td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (450 BC – AD 489)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Shaishunaga_dynasty" title="Shaishunaga dynasty">Shaishunaga dynasty</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (424–345 BC)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Nanda_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Nanda Empire">Nanda Empire</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (380–321 BC)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Macedonian_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Macedonian Empire">Macedonian Empire</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (330–323 BC)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Maurya_Empire" title="Maurya Empire">Maurya Empire</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (321–184 BC)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Seleucid_Empire" title="Seleucid Empire">Seleucid India</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (312–303 BC)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Sangam_period" class="mw-redirect" title="Sangam period">Sangam period</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 300 BC</span> – c.<span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 300 AD</span>)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Pandya_dynasty" title="Pandya dynasty">Pandya Empire</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 300 BC</span> – AD 1345)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Chera_dynasty" title="Chera dynasty">Chera Kingdom</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 300 BC</span> – AD 1102)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Chola_dynasty" title="Chola dynasty">Chola Empire</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 300 BC</span> – AD 1279)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Pallava_dynasty" title="Pallava dynasty">Pallava Empire</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 250 AD</span> – AD 800)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Mahameghavahana_dynasty" title="Mahameghavahana dynasty">Maha-Megha-Vahana Empire</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 250 BC</span> – c.<span style="white-space:nowrap;"> AD 500</span>)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Parthian_Empire" title="Parthian Empire">Parthian Empire</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (247 BC – AD 224)</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;text-align:left;padding-right:4em;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Middle_kingdoms_of_India" title="Middle kingdoms of India">Middle Kingdoms</a> <span class="nobold">(230 BC – AD 1206)</span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Satavahana_dynasty" title="Satavahana dynasty">Satavahana Empire</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (230 BC – AD 220)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Kuninda_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuninda Kingdom">Kuninda Kingdom</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (200 BC – AD 300)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Mitra_dynasty_(Mathura)" title="Mitra dynasty (Mathura)">Mitra Dynasty</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 150</span> – c.<span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 50 BC</span>)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Shunga_Empire" title="Shunga Empire">Shunga Empire</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (185–73 BC)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Indo-Greek_Kingdom" title="Indo-Greek Kingdom">Indo-Greek Kingdom</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (180 BC – AD 10)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Kanva_dynasty" title="Kanva dynasty">Kanva Empire</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (75–26 BC)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Indo-Scythians" title="Indo-Scythians">Indo-Scythian Kingdom</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (50 BC – AD 400)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Indo-Parthian_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Indo-Parthian Kingdom">Indo-Parthian Kingdom</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (AD 21 – <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 130</span>)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Western_Satraps" title="Western Satraps">Western Satrap Empire</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (AD 35–405 )</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Kushan_Empire" title="Kushan Empire">Kushan Empire</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (AD 60–240)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Nagas_of_Padmavati" title="Nagas of Padmavati">Bharshiva Dynasty</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (170–350)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Nagas_of_Padmavati" title="Nagas of Padmavati">Nagas of Padmavati</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (210–340)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Sasanian_Empire" title="Sasanian Empire">Sasanian Empire</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (224–651)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Kushano-Sasanian_Kingdom" title="Kushano-Sasanian Kingdom">Indo-Sassanid Kingdom</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (230–360)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Vakataka_dynasty" title="Vakataka dynasty">Vakataka Empire</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 250</span> – c.<span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 500</span>)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Kalabhra_dynasty" title="Kalabhra dynasty">Kalabhras Empire</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 250</span> – c.<span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 600</span>)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Gupta_Empire" title="Gupta Empire">Gupta Empire</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (280–550)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Kadamba_dynasty" title="Kadamba dynasty">Kadamba Empire</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (345–525)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Western_Ganga_dynasty" title="Western Ganga dynasty">Western Ganga Kingdom</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (350–1000)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Kamarupa" title="Kamarupa">Kamarupa Kingdom</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (350–1100)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Vishnukundina_dynasty" title="Vishnukundina dynasty">Vishnukundina Empire</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (420–624)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Maitraka_dynasty" title="Maitraka dynasty">Maitraka Empire</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (475–767)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Huna_people" title="Huna people">Huna Kingdom</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (475–576)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Rai_dynasty" title="Rai dynasty">Rai Kingdom</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (489–632)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Hindu_Shahis" title="Hindu Shahis">Kabul Shahi Empire</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 500</span> – 1026)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Chalukya_dynasty" title="Chalukya dynasty">Chalukya Empire</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (543–753)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Maukhari_dynasty" title="Maukhari dynasty">Maukhari Empire</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 550</span> – c.<span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 700</span>)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Harsha" title="Harsha">Harsha Empire</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (606–647)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Tibetan_Empire" title="Tibetan Empire">Tibetan Empire</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (618–841)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Chalukyas" title="Eastern Chalukyas">Eastern Chalukya Kingdom</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (624–1075)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Rashidun_Caliphate" title="Rashidun Caliphate">Rashidun Caliphate</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (632–661)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Gurjara-Pratihara_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty">Gurjara-Pratihara Empire</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (650–1036)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Umayyad_Caliphate" title="Umayyad Caliphate">Umayyad Caliphate</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (661–750)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Mallabhum_kingdom" title="Mallabhum kingdom">Mallabhum kingdom</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (694–1947)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Bhauma-Kara_dynasty" title="Bhauma-Kara dynasty">Bhauma-Kara Kingdom</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (736–916)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Pala_Empire" title="Pala Empire">Pala Empire</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (750–1174)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Rashtrakuta_dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Rashtrakuta dynasty">Rashtrakuta Empire</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (753–982)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Paramara_dynasty" title="Paramara dynasty">Paramara Kingdom</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (800–1327)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Seuna_(Yadava)_dynasty" title="Seuna (Yadava) dynasty">Yadava Empire</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (850–1334)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Somavamshi_dynasty" title="Somavamshi dynasty">Somavamshi Kingdom</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (882–1110)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Chaulukya_dynasty" title="Chaulukya dynasty">Chaulukya Kingdom</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (942–1244)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Western_Chalukya_Empire" title="Western Chalukya Empire">Western Chalukya Empire</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (973–1189)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Lohara_dynasty" title="Lohara dynasty">Lohara Kingdom</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1003–1320)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Hoysala_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Hoysala Empire">Hoysala Empire</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1040–1347)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Sena_dynasty" title="Sena dynasty">Sena Empire</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1070–1230)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Ganga_dynasty" title="Eastern Ganga dynasty">Eastern Ganga Empire</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1078–1434)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Kakatiya_dynasty" title="Kakatiya dynasty">Kakatiya Kingdom</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1083–1323)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Zamorin" title="Zamorin">Zamorin Kingdom</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1102–1766)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Kalachuris_of_Tripuri" title="Kalachuris of Tripuri">Kalachuris of Tripuri</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (675–1210)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Kalachuris_of_Kalyani" title="Kalachuris of Kalyani">Kalachuris of Kalyani</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1156–1184)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Chutia_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Chutia Kingdom">Chutiya Kingdom</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1187–1673)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Deva_dynasty" title="Deva dynasty">Deva Kingdom</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1200</span> – c.<span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1300</span>)</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;text-align:left;padding-right:4em;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Medieval_India" title="Medieval India">Late medieval period</a> <span class="nobold">(1206–1526)</span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Ghaznavids" title="Ghaznavids">Ghaznavid Dynasty</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (977–1186)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Ghurid_dynasty" title="Ghurid dynasty">Ghurid Dynasty</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1170–1206)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Delhi_Sultanate" title="Delhi Sultanate">Delhi Sultanate</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1206–1526)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">  – <a href="/wiki/Mamluk_dynasty_(Delhi)" title="Mamluk dynasty (Delhi)">Mamluk Sultanate</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1206–1290)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">  – <a href="/wiki/Khalji_dynasty" title="Khalji dynasty">Khalji Sultanate</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1290–1320)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">  – <a href="/wiki/Tughlaq_dynasty" title="Tughlaq dynasty">Tughlaq Sultanate</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1320–1414)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">  – <a href="/wiki/Sayyid_dynasty" title="Sayyid dynasty">Sayyid Sultanate</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1414–1451)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">  – <a href="/wiki/Lodi_dynasty" title="Lodi dynasty">Lodi Sultanate</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1451–1526)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Ahom_kingdom" title="Ahom kingdom">Ahom Kingdom</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1228–1826)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Nayakas_of_Chitradurga" title="Nayakas of Chitradurga">Chitradurga Kingdom</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1300–1779)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Reddi_Kingdom" title="Reddi Kingdom">Reddy Kingdom</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1325–1448)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Vijayanagara_Empire" title="Vijayanagara Empire">Vijayanagara Empire</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1336–1646)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Bengal_Sultanate" title="Bengal Sultanate">Bengal Sultanate</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1352–1576)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Garhwal_Kingdom" title="Garhwal Kingdom">Garhwal Kingdom</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1358–1803)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Mysore" title="Kingdom of Mysore">Mysore Kingdom</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1399–1947)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Gajapati_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Gajapati Empire">Gajapati Empire</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1434–1541)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Namgyal_dynasty_of_Ladakh" title="Namgyal dynasty of Ladakh">Ladakh Kingdom </a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1470–1842)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Deccan_sultanates" title="Deccan sultanates">Deccan sultanates</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1490–1596)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">  – <a href="/wiki/Ahmadnagar_Sultanate" title="Ahmadnagar Sultanate">Ahmadnagar Sultanate</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1490–1636)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">  – <a href="/wiki/Berar_sultanate" title="Berar sultanate">Berar sultanate</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1490–1574)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">  – <a href="/wiki/Bidar_Sultanate" title="Bidar Sultanate">Bidar Sultanate</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1492–1619)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">  – <a href="/wiki/Bijapur_Sultanate" class="mw-redirect" title="Bijapur Sultanate">Bijapur Sultanate</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1492–1686)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;">  – <a href="/wiki/Golkonda_Sultanate" class="mw-redirect" title="Golkonda Sultanate">Golkonda Sultanate</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1518–1687)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Nayakas_of_Keladi" title="Nayakas of Keladi">Keladi Kingdom</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1499–1763)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Koch_dynasty" title="Koch dynasty">Koch Kingdom</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1515–1947)</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;text-align:left;padding-right:4em;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Early_modern_period" title="Early modern period">Early modern period</a> <span class="nobold">(1526–1858)</span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Mughal_Empire" title="Mughal Empire">Mughal Empire</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1526–1858)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Sur_Empire" title="Sur Empire">Sur Empire</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1540–1556)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Madurai_Nayak_dynasty" title="Madurai Nayak dynasty">Madurai Kingdom</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1529–1736)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Thanjavur_Nayak_kingdom" title="Thanjavur Nayak kingdom">Thanjavur Kingdom</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1532–1673)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Bhoi_dynasty" title="Bhoi dynasty">Bhoi dynasty</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1541–1804)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Bengal_Subah" title="Bengal Subah">Bengal Subah</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1576–1757)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Ramnad_estate" class="mw-redirect" title="Ramnad estate">Marava Kingdom</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1600–1750)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sikkim" title="Kingdom of Sikkim">Sikkim Kingdom</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1642–1975)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Tondaiman" title="Tondaiman">Thondaiman Kingdom</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1650–1948)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Maratha_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Maratha Empire">Maratha Empire</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1674–1818)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Misl" class="mw-redirect" title="Misl">Sikh Confederacy</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1707–1799)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Travancore" title="Travancore">Travancore Kingdom</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1729–1947)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Sikh_Empire" title="Sikh Empire">Sikh Empire</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1799–1849)</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;text-align:left;padding-right:4em;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Colonial_India" title="Colonial India">Colonial states</a> <span class="nobold">(1510–1961)</span></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><table style="width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:0px 0px;border:none"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_India" title="Portuguese India">Portuguese India</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1510–1961)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Dutch_India" title="Dutch India">Dutch India</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1605–1825)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Danish_India" title="Danish India">Danish India</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1620–1869)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/French_India" title="French India">French India</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1759–1954)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/Company_rule_in_India" title="Company rule in India">Company Raj</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1757–1858)</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="text-align:left;"> <a href="/wiki/British_Raj" title="British Raj">British Raj</a></td><td style="white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;"> (1858–1947)</td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;text-align:left;padding-right:4em;;color: var(--color-base)">National histories</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Afghanistan" title="History of Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Bangladesh" title="History of Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Bhutan" title="History of Bhutan">Bhutan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_India_(1947%E2%80%93present)" title="History of India (1947–present)">India</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Maldives" title="History of the Maldives">Maldives</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Nepal" title="History of Nepal">Nepal</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Pakistan" title="History of Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Sri_Lanka" title="History of Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li></ul></div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;text-align:left;padding-right:4em;;color: var(--color-base)">Regional histories</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Assam" title="History of Assam">Assam</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Balochistan" title="History of Balochistan">Balochistan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Bengal" title="History of Bengal">Bengal</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Bihar" title="History of Bihar">Bihar</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Gujarat" title="History of Gujarat">Gujarat</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Himachal_Pradesh" title="History of Himachal Pradesh">Himachal Pradesh</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Kabul" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Kabul">Kabul</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Karnataka" title="History of Karnataka">Karnataka</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Kashmir" title="History of Kashmir">Kashmir</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Khyber_Pakhtunkhwa" title="History of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa">Khyber Pakhtunkhwa</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Rajasthan" title="History of Rajasthan">Rajasthan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Maharashtra" title="History of Maharashtra">Maharashtra</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Uttar_Pradesh" title="History of Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Punjab" title="History of Punjab">Punjab</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Odisha" title="History of Odisha">Odisha</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Sindh" 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href="/wiki/List_of_inventions_and_discoveries_of_the_Indus_Valley_Civilisation" title="List of inventions and discoveries of the Indus Valley Civilisation">List of inventions and discoveries of the Indus Valley Civilisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanitation_of_the_Indus_Valley_Civilisation" title="Sanitation of the Indus Valley Civilisation">Sanitation of the Indus Valley Civilisation</a></li> <li>Ror dynasty</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhirrana" title="Bhirrana">Bhirrana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mundigak" title="Mundigak">Mundigak</a> – archaeological site in Kandahar Province</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hadda,_Afghanistan" title="Hadda, Afghanistan">Hadda</a> – archaeological site in Nangarhar Province</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surkh_Kotal" title="Surkh Kotal">Surkh Kotal</a> – archaeological site in Baghlan Province</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mes_Aynak" title="Mes Aynak">Mes Aynak</a> – archaeological site in Logar Province</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheri_Khan_Tarakai" title="Sheri Khan Tarakai">Sheri Khan Tarakai</a> – archaeological site in Bannu</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohenjo-daro" title="Mohenjo-daro">Mohenjo-daro</a> – archaeological site in Sindh</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harappa" title="Harappa">Harappa</a> – archaeological site in Punjab</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolan_Pass" title="Bolan Pass">Bolan Pass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nausharo" title="Nausharo">Nausharo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chanhudaro" title="Chanhudaro">Chanhudaro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quetta" title="Quetta">Quetta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Stone_Age_art" title="List of Stone Age art">List of Stone Age art</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mehrgarh&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Bhirrana-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bhirrana_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Excavations at <a href="/wiki/Bhirrana" title="Bhirrana">Bhirrana</a>, Haryana, in India between 2006 and 2009, by archaeologist K. N. Dikshit, provided six artifacts, including "relatively advanced pottery," so-called <a href="/wiki/Hakra" class="mw-redirect" title="Hakra">Hakra</a> ware, which were dated at a time bracket between 7380 and 6201 BCE.<sup id="cite_ref-indusmilleniumold_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-indusmilleniumold-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-milleniumold_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-milleniumold-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-oldestbhirranna_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oldestbhirranna-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These dates compete with Mehrgarh for being the oldest site for cultural remains in the area.<sup id="cite_ref-oldest_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oldest-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><br /> Yet, Dikshit and Mani clarify that this time-bracket concerns only charcoal samples, which were radio-carbon dated at respectively 7570–7180 BCE (sample 2481) and 6689–6201 BCE (sample 2333).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDikshit2013132,_131_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDikshit2013132,_131-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMani2008237_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMani2008237-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dikshit further writes that the earliest phase concerns 14 shallow dwelling-pits which "could accommodate about 3–4 people."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDikshit2013129_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDikshit2013129-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Dikshit, in the lowest level of these pits wheel-made Hakra Ware was found which was "not well finished,"<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDikshit2013129_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDikshit2013129-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> together with other wares.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDikshit2013130_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDikshit2013130-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Near_East-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Near_East_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Near_East_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">According to Gangal et al. (2014), there is strong archeological and geographical evidence that neolithic farming spread from the Near East into north-west India.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGangalSarsonShukurov2014_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGangalSarsonShukurov2014-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESingh2016_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESingh2016-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gangal et al. (2014):<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGangalSarsonShukurov2014_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGangalSarsonShukurov2014-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "There are several lines of evidence that support the idea of a connection between the Neolithic in the Near East and the subcontinent. The prehistoric site of Mehrgarh in Baluchistan (modern Pakistan) is the earliest Neolithic site in the northwest of the subcontinent, dated as early as 8500 BCE.[18]<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><br />Neolithic domesticated crops in Mehrgarh include more than 90% barley and a small amount of wheat. There is good evidence for the local domestication of barley and the zebu cattle at Mehrgarh [19],<sup id="cite_ref-Jarrige_JF_2008_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jarrige_JF_2008-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> [20],<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but the wheat varieties are suggested to be of Near-Eastern origin, as the modern distribution of wild varieties of wheat is limited to Northern Levant and Southern Turkey [21].<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A detailed satellite map study of a few archaeological sites in the Baluchistan and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa regions also suggests similarities in early phases of farming with sites in Western Asia [22].<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pottery prepared by sequential slab construction, circular fire pits filled with burnt pebbles, and large granaries are common to both Mehrgarh and many Mesopotamian sites [23].<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The postures of the skeletal remains in graves at Mehrgarh bear strong resemblance to those at <a href="/wiki/Ali_Kosh" title="Ali Kosh">Ali Kosh</a> in the Zagros Mountains of southern Iran [19].<sup id="cite_ref-Jarrige_JF_2008_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jarrige_JF_2008-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Clay figurines found in Mehrgarh resemble those discovered at <a href="/wiki/Teppe_Zagheh" title="Teppe Zagheh">Teppe Zagheh</a> on the Qazvin plain south of the Elburz range in Iran (the 7th millennium BCE) and <a href="/wiki/Jeitun" title="Jeitun">Jeitun</a> in Turkmenistan (the 6th millennium BCE) [24].<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Strong arguments have been made for the Near-Eastern origin of some domesticated plants and herd animals at Jeitun in Turkmenistan (pp. 225–227 in [25]).<sup id="cite_ref-Harris_DR_2010_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Harris_DR_2010-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><br />The Near East is separated from the Indus Valley by the arid plateaus, ridges, and deserts of Iran and Afghanistan, where rainfall agriculture is possible only in the foothills and cul-de-sac valleys [26].<sup id="cite_ref-Hiebert_FT_2002_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hiebert_FT_2002-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nevertheless, this area was not an insurmountable obstacle for the dispersal of the Neolithic. The route south of the Caspian sea is a part of the Silk Road, some sections of which were in use from at least 3,000 BCE, connecting Badakhshan (north-eastern Afghanistan and south-eastern Tajikistan) with Western Asia, Egypt, and India [27].<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Similarly, the section from Badakhshan to the Mesopotamian plains (the <a href="/wiki/Great_Khorasan_Road" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Khorasan Road">Great Khorasan Road</a>) was apparently functioning by 4,000 BCE, and numerous prehistoric sites are located along with it, whose assemblages are dominated by the <a href="/wiki/Cheshmeh-Ali_(Shahr-e-Rey)" title="Cheshmeh-Ali (Shahr-e-Rey)">Cheshmeh-Ali</a> (Tehran Plain) ceramic technology, forms and designs [26].<sup id="cite_ref-Hiebert_FT_2002_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hiebert_FT_2002-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Striking similarities in figurines and pottery styles, and mud-brick shapes, between widely separated early Neolithic sites in the Zagros Mountains of north-western Iran (Jarmo and Sarab), the Deh Luran Plain in southwestern Iran (Tappeh <a href="/wiki/Ali_Kosh" title="Ali Kosh">Ali Kosh</a> and Chogha Sefid), Susiana (Chogha Bonus and Chogha Mish), the Iranian Central Plateau (<a href="/wiki/Sang-i_Chakmak" title="Sang-i Chakmak">Tappeh-Sang-e Chakhmaq</a>), and Turkmenistan (Jeitun) suggest a common incipient culture [28].<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Neolithic dispersal across South Asia plausibly involved migration of the population ([29]<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and [25], pp. 231–233).<sup id="cite_ref-Harris_DR_2010_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Harris_DR_2010-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This possibility is also supported by Y-chromosome and mtDNA analyses [30],<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> [31]."<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Genetic research shows a complex pattern of human migrations.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESingh2016_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESingh2016-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kivisild et al. (1999) note that "a small fraction of the West Eurasian mtDNA lineages found in Indian populations can be ascribed to a relatively recent admixture."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKivisild19991331_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKivisild19991331-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> at c. 9,300 ± 3,000 years before present,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKivisild19991333_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKivisild19991333-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which coincides with "the arrival to India of cereals domesticated in the <a href="/wiki/Fertile_Crescent" title="Fertile Crescent">Fertile Crescent</a>" and "lends credence to the suggested <a href="/wiki/Elamo-Dravidian_languages" title="Elamo-Dravidian languages">linguistic connection</a> between the Elamite and Dravidic populations."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKivisild19991333_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKivisild19991333-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Singh et al. (2016) investigated the distribution of J2a-M410 and J2b-M102 in South Asia, which "suggested a complex scenario that cannot be explained by a single wave of agricultural expansion from Near East to South Asia,"<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESingh2016_22-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESingh2016-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but also notes that "regardless of the complexity of dispersal, NW region appears to be the corridor for entry of these haplogroups into India."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESingh2016_22-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESingh2016-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gallego Romero et al. (2011) refer to (Meadow 1993):<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGallego_Romero20119_42-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGallego_Romero20119-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Meadow RH. 1993. <i>Animal domestication in the Middle East: a revised view from the eastern margin.</i> In: Possehl G, editor. <i>Harappan civilization</i>. New Delhi (India): Oxford University Press and India Book House. p 295–320.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGallego_Romero201112_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGallego_Romero201112-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jarrige: "Though it is difficult to date precisely the beginning of Period I, it can be rather securely assessed that the first occupation of Mehrgarh has to be put in a context probably earlier than 7000 BC."<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mehrgarh&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/4882968.stm">"Stone age man used dentist drill"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170505223015/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/4882968.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 5 May 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Vol. Serie Indus-Balochistan.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mehrgarh&rft.date=2013&rft.aulast=Jarrige&rft.aufirst=Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois&rft.au=Jarrige%2C+Catherine&rft.au=Quivron%2C+Gonzague&rft.au=Wengler%2C+Luc&rft.au=Castillo%2C+David+Sarmiento&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fshs.hal.science%2Fhalshs-02977150&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMehrgarh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-whc.unesco.org-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-whc.unesco.org_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">UNESCO World Heritage. 2004. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/1876/">"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181226013816/http://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/1876/">Archived</a> 26 December 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <i>Archaeological Site of Mehrgarh</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mehrgarh-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Mehrgarh_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hirst, K. Kris. 2005. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archaeology.about.com/od/mterms/g/mehrgarh.htm">"Mehrgarh"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170118071157/http://archaeology.about.com/od/mterms/g/mehrgarh.htm">Archived</a> 18 January 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. <i> Guide to Archaeology</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-indusmilleniumold-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-indusmilleniumold_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.globalpost.com/dispatch/news/regions/asia-pacific/india/121116/indus-civilization-2000-years-old-archaeologists">"Archeologists confirm Indian civilization is 2000 years older than previously believed, Jason Overdorf, Globalpost, 28 November 2012"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160708102945/http://www.globalpost.com/dispatch/news/regions/asia-pacific/india/121116/indus-civilization-2000-years-old-archaeologists">Archived</a> from the original on 8 July 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 December</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archeologists+confirm+Indian+civilization+is+2000+years+older+than+previously+believed%2C+Jason+Overdorf%2C+Globalpost%2C+28+November+2012&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.globalpost.com%2Fdispatch%2Fnews%2Fregions%2Fasia-pacific%2Findia%2F121116%2Findus-civilization-2000-years-old-archaeologists&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMehrgarh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-milleniumold-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-milleniumold_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150209053815/http://www.hindustantimes.com/newdelhi/indus-valley-2-000-years-older-than-thought/article1-954601.aspx">"Indus Valley 2,000 years older than thought"</a>. 4 November 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hindustantimes.com/newdelhi/indus-valley-2-000-years-older-than-thought/article1-954601.aspx">the original</a> on 9 February 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Indus+Valley+2%2C000+years+older+than+thought&rft.date=2012-11-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hindustantimes.com%2Fnewdelhi%2Findus-valley-2-000-years-older-than-thought%2Farticle1-954601.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMehrgarh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Indus-era-8000-years-old-not-5500-ended-because-of-weaker-monsoon/articleshow/52485332.cms">"Archeologists confirm Indian civilization is 8000 years old, Jhimli Mukherjee Pandey, Times of India, 29 May 2016"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Times_of_India" title="The Times of India">The Times of India</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160602101845/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Indus-era-8000-years-old-not-5500-ended-because-of-weaker-monsoon/articleshow/52485332.cms">Archived</a> from the original on 2 June 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 December</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=Archeologists+confirm+Indian+civilization+is+8000+years+old%2C+Jhimli+Mukherjee+Pandey%2C+Times+of+India%2C+29+May+2016&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Findia%2FIndus-era-8000-years-old-not-5500-ended-because-of-weaker-monsoon%2Farticleshow%2F52485332.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMehrgarh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-oldestbhirranna-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-oldestbhirranna_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.livemint.com/Leisure/ljfXtPZHUSi5eG8Di1n9YO/History--What-their-lives-reveal.html">"History What their lives reveal"</a>. 4 January 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160101160626/http://www.livemint.com/Leisure/ljfXtPZHUSi5eG8Di1n9YO/History--What-their-lives-reveal.html">Archived</a> from the original on 1 January 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 December</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+What+their+lives+reveal&rft.date=2013-01-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.livemint.com%2FLeisure%2FljfXtPZHUSi5eG8Di1n9YO%2FHistory--What-their-lives-reveal.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMehrgarh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-oldest-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-oldest_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/Haryanas-Bhirrana-oldest-Harappan-site-Rakhigarhi-Asias-largest-ASI/articleshow/46926693.cms">"Haryana's Bhirrana oldest Harappan site, Rakhigarhi Asia's largest: ASI"</a>. <i>The Times of India</i>. 15 April 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160101032332/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/Haryanas-Bhirrana-oldest-Harappan-site-Rakhigarhi-Asias-largest-ASI/articleshow/46926693.cms">Archived</a> from the original on 1 January 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 July</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rob+Mitchum+%282011%29%2C+Lactose+Tolerance+in+the+Indian+Dairyland%2C+ScienceLife&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsciencelife.uchospitals.edu%2F2011%2F09%2F14%2Flactose-tolerance-in-the-indian-dairyland%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMehrgarh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGallego_Romero201112-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGallego_Romero201112_44-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGallego_Romero2011">Gallego Romero 2011</a>, p. 12.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jean-Francois Jarrige (2006), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/4648302/Mehrgarh_Neolithic_Mehrgarh_Neolithic_Mehrgarh_Neolithic_Mehrgarh_Neolithic_Mehrgarh_Neolithic"><i>Mehrgarh Neolithic</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181215153746/http://www.academia.edu/4648302/Mehrgarh_Neolithic_Mehrgarh_Neolithic_Mehrgarh_Neolithic_Mehrgarh_Neolithic_Mehrgarh_Neolithic">Archived</a> 15 December 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>; paper presented in the International Seminar on the "First Farmers in the Global Perspective", Lucknow India 18–20 January 2006. Published in 2008 as <i>Mehrgarh Neolithic</i>, Pragdhara 18:136-154; see page 151.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShafferThapar" class="citation web cs1">Shaffer, J.G.; Thapar, B.K. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161028131200/http://en.unesco.org/silkroad/sites/silkroad/files/knowledge-bank-article/vol_I%20silk%20road_pre%20indus%20and%20early%20indus%20cultures%20of%20pakistan%20and%20india.pdf">"Pre-Indus and Early Indus Cultures of Pakistan and India"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. UNESCO. 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Volume 440. 6 April 2006.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sharifthapar1-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sharifthapar1_51-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sharifthapar1_51-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sharifthapar1_51-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sharifthapar1_51-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sharifthapar1_51-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sharifthapar1_51-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSharifThapar1999" class="citation book cs1">Sharif, M; Thapar, B. K. (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=GXzycd3dT9kC&pg=PA128">"Food-producing Communities in Pakistan and Northern India"</a>. In Vadim Mikhaĭlovich Masson (ed.). <i>History of civilizations of Central Asia</i>. Motilal Banarsidass. pp. 128–137. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-208-1407-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-208-1407-3"><bdi>978-81-208-1407-3</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220709132813/https://books.google.com/books?id=GXzycd3dT9kC&pg=PA128">Archived</a> from the original on 9 July 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 September</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Food-producing+Communities+in+Pakistan+and+Northern+India&rft.btitle=History+of+civilizations+of+Central+Asia&rft.pages=128-137&rft.pub=Motilal+Banarsidass&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-81-208-1407-3&rft.aulast=Sharif&rft.aufirst=M&rft.au=Thapar%2C+B.+K.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DGXzycd3dT9kC%26pg%3DPA128&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMehrgarh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Vidale, Massimo, et al., (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/38492223/Early_Evidence_of_Bead_Making_at_Mehrgarh_Pakistan_A_Tribute_to_the_Scientific_Curiosity_of_Catherine_and_Jean_Fran%C3%A7ois_Jarrige">"Early Evidence of Bead-Making at Mehrgarh, Pakistan: A Tribute to the Scientific Curiosity of Catherine and Jean-François Jarrige"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220922015231/https://www.academia.edu/38492223/Early_Evidence_of_Bead_Making_at_Mehrgarh_Pakistan_A_Tribute_to_the_Scientific_Curiosity_of_Catherine_and_Jean_Fran%C3%A7ois_Jarrige">Archived</a> 22 September 2022 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, in Alok Kumar Kanungo (ed.), Stone Beads of South and Southeast Asia: Archaeology, Ethnography and Global Connections, Indian Institute of Technology, Gandhinagar, p. 234.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mukhtar Ahmed, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=HbvTBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA392"><i>Ancient Pakistan - An Archaeological History.</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220325173618/https://books.google.ca/books?id=HbvTBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA392">Archived</a> 25 March 2022 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Volume II: A Prelude to Civilization. 2014 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1495941302" title="Special:BookSources/1495941302">1495941302</a> p392</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ute Franke (2015), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ancient-herat.de/uploads/attachments/ckvfk2p0c01nbnhcpcq8n2xba-07a-central-baluchistan-4-mill.pdf">Central Baluchistan in the 4th Millennium BCE.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220709171451/https://ancient-herat.de/uploads/attachments/ckvfk2p0c01nbnhcpcq8n2xba-07a-central-baluchistan-4-mill.pdf">Archived</a> 9 July 2022 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> ancient-herat.de</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-maisels1-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-maisels1_55-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-maisels1_55-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaisels" class="citation book cs1">Maisels, Charles Keith. <i>Early Civilizations of the Old World</i>. Routledge. pp. 190–193.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Early+Civilizations+of+the+Old+World&rft.pages=190-193&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.aulast=Maisels&rft.aufirst=Charles+Keith&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMehrgarh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWood2005" class="citation book cs1">Wood, Michael (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jTCezHSfbwMC&q=mehrgarh+abandoned+Naushahro&pg=PA55"><i>In Search of the First Civilizations</i></a>. BBC Books. p. 257. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0563522669" title="Special:BookSources/978-0563522669"><bdi>978-0563522669</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220331174858/https://books.google.com/books?id=jTCezHSfbwMC&q=mehrgarh+abandoned+Naushahro&pg=PA55">Archived</a> from the original on 31 March 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 May</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=In+Search+of+the+First+Civilizations&rft.pages=257&rft.pub=BBC+Books&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0563522669&rft.aulast=Wood&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DjTCezHSfbwMC%26q%3Dmehrgarh%2Babandoned%2BNaushahro%26pg%3DPA55&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMehrgarh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Vidale, Massimo, (15 March 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zDAJHf1w3H4">"A Warehouse in 3rd Millennium B.C. Sistan and Its Accounting Technology"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220922120433/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zDAJHf1w3H4">Archived</a> 22 September 2022 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, in Seminar "Early Urbanization in Iran".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Gregory_Possehl" title="Gregory Possehl">Possehl, Gregory L.</a> 1996. "Mehrgarh". <i>Oxford Companion to Archaeology</i>, edited by Brian Fagan. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Harris1996-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Harris1996_59-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMeadow1996" class="citation book cs1">Meadow, Richard H. (1996). David R. Harris (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zkteuesBwpQC&pg=PA393"><i>The origins and spread of agriculture and pastoralism in Eurasia</i></a>. Psychology Press. pp. 393–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-85728-538-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-85728-538-3"><bdi>978-1-85728-538-3</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220709142150/https://books.google.com/books?id=zkteuesBwpQC&pg=PA393">Archived</a> from the original on 9 July 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 September</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+origins+and+spread+of+agriculture+and+pastoralism+in+Eurasia&rft.pages=393-&rft.pub=Psychology+Press&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=978-1-85728-538-3&rft.aulast=Meadow&rft.aufirst=Richard+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DzkteuesBwpQC%26pg%3DPA393&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMehrgarh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Thoury_2016" class="citation journal cs1">Thoury, M.; et al. (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5116070">"High spatial dynamics-photoluminescence imaging reveals the metallurgy of the earliest lost-wax cast object"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Nature_Communications" title="Nature Communications">Nature Communications</a></i>. <b>7</b>: 13356. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016NatCo...713356T">2016NatCo...713356T</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fncomms13356">10.1038/ncomms13356</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5116070">5116070</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27843139">27843139</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Communications&rft.atitle=High+spatial+dynamics-photoluminescence+imaging+reveals+the+metallurgy+of+the+earliest+lost-wax+cast+object&rft.volume=7&rft.pages=13356&rft.date=2016&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5116070%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F27843139&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fncomms13356&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2016NatCo...713356T&rft.aulast=Thoury&rft.aufirst=M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC5116070&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMehrgarh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/60602">"MET"</a>. <i>www.metmuseum.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211018235102/https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/60602">Archived</a> from the original on 18 October 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.metmuseum.org&rft.atitle=MET&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.metmuseum.org%2Fart%2Fcollection%2Fsearch%2F60602&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMehrgarh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUpinder_Singh2008" class="citation book cs1">Upinder Singh (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=H3lUIIYxWkEC&pg=PA130"><i>A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th Century</i></a>. pp. 130–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788131711200" title="Special:BookSources/9788131711200"><bdi>9788131711200</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220709143420/https://books.google.com/books?id=H3lUIIYxWkEC&pg=PA130">Archived</a> from the original on 9 July 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 September</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Ancient+and+Early+Medieval+India%3A+From+the+Stone+Age+to+the+12th+Century&rft.pages=130-&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=9788131711200&rft.au=Upinder+Singh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DH3lUIIYxWkEC%26pg%3DPA130&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMehrgarh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Nelson1-63"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Nelson1_63-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSarah_M._Nelson2007" class="citation book cs1">Sarah M. Nelson (February 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ab1rF6tznkoC&pg=PA77"><i>Worlds of gender: the archaeology of women's lives around the globe</i></a>. Rowman Altamira. pp. 77–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7591-1084-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7591-1084-7"><bdi>978-0-7591-1084-7</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220709143420/https://books.google.com/books?id=ab1rF6tznkoC&pg=PA77">Archived</a> from the original on 9 July 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 September</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Worlds+of+gender%3A+the+archaeology+of+women%27s+lives+around+the+globe&rft.pages=77-&rft.pub=Rowman+Altamira&rft.date=2007-02&rft.isbn=978-0-7591-1084-7&rft.au=Sarah+M.+Nelson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dab1rF6tznkoC%26pg%3DPA77&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMehrgarh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSharifThapar1999" class="citation book cs1">Sharif, M; Thapar, B. K. (January 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=GXzycd3dT9kC&pg=PA254">"Food-producing Communities in Pakistan and Northern India"</a>. <i>History of civilizations of Central Asia</i>. pp. 254–256. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788120814073" title="Special:BookSources/9788120814073"><bdi>9788120814073</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220709143234/https://books.google.com/books?id=GXzycd3dT9kC&pg=PA254">Archived</a> from the original on 9 July 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 September</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Food-producing+Communities+in+Pakistan+and+Northern+India&rft.btitle=History+of+civilizations+of+Central+Asia&rft.pages=254-256&rft.date=1999-01&rft.isbn=9788120814073&rft.aulast=Sharif&rft.aufirst=M&rft.au=Thapar%2C+B.+K.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DGXzycd3dT9kC%26pg%3DPA254&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMehrgarh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/72342">"Metropolitan Museum of Art"</a>. <i>www.metmuseum.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220316093101/https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/72342">Archived</a> from the original on 16 March 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.metmuseum.org&rft.atitle=Metropolitan+Museum+of+Art&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.metmuseum.org%2Fart%2Fcollection%2Fsearch%2F72342&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMehrgarh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Singh1-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Singh1_66-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Singh1_66-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUpinder_Singh2008" class="citation book cs1">Upinder Singh (1 September 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=H3lUIIYxWkEC&pg=PA103"><i>A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th Century</i></a>. Pearson Education India. pp. 103–105. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-317-1120-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-317-1120-0"><bdi>978-81-317-1120-0</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220728234400/https://books.google.com/books?id=H3lUIIYxWkEC&pg=PA103">Archived</a> from the original on 28 July 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 September</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Ancient+and+Early+Medieval+India%3A+From+the+Stone+Age+to+the+12th+Century&rft.pages=103-105&rft.pub=Pearson+Education+India&rft.date=2008-09-01&rft.isbn=978-81-317-1120-0&rft.au=Upinder+Singh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DH3lUIIYxWkEC%26pg%3DPA103&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMehrgarh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dibyopama_etal-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-dibyopama_etal_67-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDibyopamaKim2015" class="citation journal cs1">Dibyopama, Astha; et al. (2015). "Human Skeletal Remains from Ancient Burial Sites in India: With Special Reference to Harappan Civilization". <i>Korean J Phys Anthropol</i>. <b>28</b> (1): 1–9. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.11637%2Fkjpa.2015.28.1.1">10.11637/kjpa.2015.28.1.1</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Korean+J+Phys+Anthropol&rft.atitle=Human+Skeletal+Remains+from+Ancient+Burial+Sites+in+India%3A+With+Special+Reference+to+Harappan+Civilization&rft.volume=28&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=1-9&rft.date=2015&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.11637%2Fkjpa.2015.28.1.1&rft.aulast=Dibyopama&rft.aufirst=Astha&rft.au=Kim%2C+Yong+Jun&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMehrgarh" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mehrgarh&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFConinghamYoung2015" class="citation cs2">Coningham, Robin; Young, Ruth (2015), <i>The Archaeology of South Asia: From the Indus to Asoka, c.6500 BCE–200 CE</i>, Cambridge University Press</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Archaeology+of+South+Asia%3A+From+the+Indus+to+Asoka%2C+c.6500+BCE%E2%80%93200+CE&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2015&rft.aulast=Coningham&rft.aufirst=Robin&rft.au=Young%2C+Ruth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMehrgarh" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDikshit2013" class="citation cs2">Dikshit, K.N. (2013), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170118032736/http://server2.docfoc.com/uploads/Z2015/11/21/vESLakMBYz/45a03572f94e7a873d7c350293cca188.pdf">"Origin of Early Harappan Cultures in the Sarasvati Valley: Recent Archaeological Evidence and Radiometric Dates"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, <i>Journal of Indian Ocean Archaeology</i> (9), archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://server2.docfoc.com/uploads/Z2015/11/21/vESLakMBYz/45a03572f94e7a873d7c350293cca188.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 18 January 2017</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Indian+Ocean+Archaeology&rft.atitle=Origin+of+Early+Harappan+Cultures+in+the+Sarasvati+Valley%3A+Recent+Archaeological+Evidence+and+Radiometric+Dates&rft.issue=9&rft.date=2013&rft.aulast=Dikshit&rft.aufirst=K.N.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fserver2.docfoc.com%2Fuploads%2FZ2015%2F11%2F21%2FvESLakMBYz%2F45a03572f94e7a873d7c350293cca188.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMehrgarh" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGallego_Romero2011" class="citation journal cs1">Gallego Romero, Irene; et al. (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fmolbev%2Fmsr190">"Herders of Indian and European Cattle Share their Predominant Allele for Lactase Persistence"</a>. <i>Mol. Biol. Evol</i>. <b>29</b> (1): 249–260. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fmolbev%2Fmsr190">10.1093/molbev/msr190</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21836184">21836184</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mol.+Biol.+Evol.&rft.atitle=Herders+of+Indian+and+European+Cattle+Share+their+Predominant+Allele+for+Lactase+Persistence&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=249-260&rft.date=2011&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fmolbev%2Fmsr190&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F21836184&rft.aulast=Gallego+Romero&rft.aufirst=Irene&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1093%252Fmolbev%252Fmsr190&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMehrgarh" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGangalSarsonShukurov2014" class="citation cs2">Gangal, Kavita; Sarson, Graeme R.; Shukurov, Anvar (2014), "The Near-Eastern Roots of the Neolithic in South Asia", <i>PLOS ONE</i>, <b>9</b> (5): e95714, <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014PLoSO...995714G">2014PLoSO...995714G</a>, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0095714">10.1371/journal.pone.0095714</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4012948">4012948</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24806472">24806472</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PLOS+ONE&rft.atitle=The+Near-Eastern+Roots+of+the+Neolithic+in+South+Asia&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=e95714&rft.date=2014&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC4012948%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F24806472&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0095714&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2014PLoSO...995714G&rft.aulast=Gangal&rft.aufirst=Kavita&rft.au=Sarson%2C+Graeme+R.&rft.au=Shukurov%2C+Anvar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMehrgarh" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKivisild1999" class="citation cs2">Kivisild; et al. (1999), "Deep common ancestry of Indian and western-Eurasian mitochondrial DNA lineages", <i>Curr. Biol.</i>, <b>9</b> (22): 1331–1334, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fs0960-9822%2800%2980057-3">10.1016/s0960-9822(00)80057-3</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10574762">10574762</a>, <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:2821966">2821966</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Curr.+Biol.&rft.atitle=Deep+common+ancestry+of+Indian+and+western-Eurasian+mitochondrial+DNA+lineages&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=22&rft.pages=1331-1334&rft.date=1999&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A2821966%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F10574762&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fs0960-9822%2800%2980057-3&rft.au=Kivisild&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMehrgarh" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMani2008" class="citation cs2">Mani, B.R. (2008), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170118050909/http://archaeology.up.nic.in/doc/kneh_brm.pdf">"Kashmir Neolithic and Early Harappan : A Linkage"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, <i>Pragdhara 18, 229–247 (2008)</i>, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archaeology.up.nic.in/doc/kneh_brm.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 18 January 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 January</span> 2017</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Pragdhara+18%2C+229%E2%80%93247+%282008%29&rft.atitle=Kashmir+Neolithic+and+Early+Harappan+%3A+A+Linkage&rft.date=2008&rft.aulast=Mani&rft.aufirst=B.R.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchaeology.up.nic.in%2Fdoc%2Fkneh_brm.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMehrgarh" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFParpola2015" class="citation book cs1">Parpola, Asko (15 July 2015). <i>The Roots of Hinduism: The Early Aryans and the Indus Civilization</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-022693-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-022693-0"><bdi>978-0-19-022693-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Roots+of+Hinduism%3A+The+Early+Aryans+and+the+Indus+Civilization&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2015-07-15&rft.isbn=978-0-19-022693-0&rft.aulast=Parpola&rft.aufirst=Asko&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMehrgarh" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSingh2016" class="citation cs2">Singh, Sakshi (2016), "Dissecting the influence of Neolithic demic diffusion on Indian Y-chromosome pool through J2-M172 haplogroup", <i>Sci. Rep.</i>, <b>6</b>: 19157, <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016NatSR...619157S">2016NatSR...619157S</a>, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fsrep19157">10.1038/srep19157</a>, <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4709632">4709632</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26754573">26754573</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sci.+Rep.&rft.atitle=Dissecting+the+influence+of+Neolithic+demic+diffusion+on+Indian+Y-chromosome+pool+through+J2-M172+haplogroup&rft.volume=6&rft.pages=19157&rft.date=2016&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC4709632%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F26754573&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fsrep19157&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2016NatSR...619157S&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=Sakshi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMehrgarh" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mehrgarh&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mehrgarh">Mehrgarh</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mehrgarh&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Mehrgarh"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJarrige1979" class="citation book cs1">Jarrige, J. F. (1979). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=H2GW1PTHQ1YC&pg=PA76">"Excavations at Mehrgarh-Pakistan"</a>. In Johanna Engelberta Lohuizen-De Leeuw (ed.). <i>South Asian archaeology 1975: papers from the third International Conference of the Association of South Asian Archaeologists in Western Europe, held in Paris</i>. Brill. pp. 76–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-05996-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-05996-2"><bdi>978-90-04-05996-2</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 August</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Excavations+at+Mehrgarh-Pakistan&rft.btitle=South+Asian+archaeology+1975%3A+papers+from+the+third+International+Conference+of+the+Association+of+South+Asian+Archaeologists+in+Western+Europe%2C+held+in+Paris&rft.pages=76-&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=1979&rft.isbn=978-90-04-05996-2&rft.aulast=Jarrige&rft.aufirst=J.+F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DH2GW1PTHQ1YC%26pg%3DPA76&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMehrgarh" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Jarrige, Jean-Franois, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archaeology.up.nic.in/doc/mn_jfj.pdf"><i>Mehrgarh Neolithic</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120320192858/http://archaeology.up.nic.in/doc/mn_jfj.pdf">Archived</a> 20 March 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li>Jarrige, C, J. F. Jarrige, R. H. Meadow, G. Quivron, eds (1995/6), <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hal.science/halshs-03868706v1">Mehrgarh Field Reports 1974-85: From Neolithic times to the Indus Civilization</a></i>.</li> <li>Jarrige J. F., Lechevallier M., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/paleo_0153-9345_1980_num_6_1_4279"><i>Les fouilles de Mehrgarh, Pakistan : problèmes chronologiques</i></a> [<i>Excavations at Mehrgarh, Pakistan: chronological problems</i>] (French).</li> <li>Lechevallier M., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/paleo_0153-9345_1978_num_4_1_4233"><i>L'Industrie lithique de Mehrgarh (Pakistan)</i></a> [<i>The Lithic industry of Mehrgarh (Pakistan)</i>] (French)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNiharranjan_RayBrajadulal_Chattopadhyaya2000" class="citation book cs1">Niharranjan Ray; Brajadulal Chattopadhyaya (1 January 2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Zcyho16xzWEC&pg=PA560">"Pre-Harappan Neolithic-Chalcolithic Settlement at Mehrgarh, Baluchistan Pakistan"</a>. <i>A sourcebook of Indian civilization</i>. Orient Blackswan. pp. 560–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-250-1871-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-250-1871-1"><bdi>978-81-250-1871-1</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 August</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Pre-Harappan+Neolithic-Chalcolithic+Settlement+at+Mehrgarh%2C+Baluchistan+Pakistan&rft.btitle=A+sourcebook+of+Indian+civilization&rft.pages=560-&rft.pub=Orient+Blackswan&rft.date=2000-01-01&rft.isbn=978-81-250-1871-1&rft.au=Niharranjan+Ray&rft.au=Brajadulal+Chattopadhyaya&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZcyho16xzWEC%26pg%3DPA560&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMehrgarh" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Santoni, Marielle, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.safarmer.com/Indo-Eurasian/Sibri.pdf"><i>Sabri and the South Cemetery of Mehrgarh: Third Millennium Connections between the Northern Kachi Plain (Pakistan) and Central Asia</i></a></li> <li>Lukacs, J. R., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pages.uoregon.edu/jrlukacs/Dr.%20John%20R.%20Lukacs%20Website/downloads/MR%203%20dentmorph%20VII%20conf.pdf"><i>Dental Morphology and Odontometrics of Early Agriculturalists from Neolithic Mehrgarh, Pakistan</i></a></li> <li>Barthelemy De Saizieu B., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.persee.fr/web/revues/home/prescript/article/paleo_0153-9345_1990_num_16_1_4517"><i>Le Cimetière néolithique de Mehrgarh (Balouchistan pakistanais) : apport de l'analyse factorielle</i></a> [<i>The Neolithic cemetery of Mehrgarh (Balochistan Pakistan): Contribution of a factor analysis</i>] (French)</li> <li>Jarrige J.F., Jarrige, C., Quivron, G., Wengler, L., Sarmiento-Castillo, D., <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hal.science/halshs-02977150v1">Mehrgarh. The Neolithic Levels, Seasons 1997 - 2000</a></i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Indus_Valley_Civilization">Indus Valley Civilization</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mehrgarh&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Indus Valley Civilization"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGregory_L._Possehl2002" class="citation book cs1">Gregory L. Possehl (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=pmAuAsi4ePIC&pg=PP1"><i>The Indus civilization: a contemporary perspective</i></a>. Rowman Altamira. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7591-0172-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7591-0172-2"><bdi>978-0-7591-0172-2</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 August</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Indus+civilization%3A+a+contemporary+perspective&rft.pub=Rowman+Altamira&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-7591-0172-2&rft.au=Gregory+L.+Possehl&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DpmAuAsi4ePIC%26pg%3DPP1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMehrgarh" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJane_McIntosh2008" class="citation book cs1">Jane McIntosh (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=1AJO2A-CbccC&pg=PP1"><i>The ancient Indus Valley: new perspectives</i></a>. ABC-CLIO. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-57607-907-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-57607-907-2"><bdi>978-1-57607-907-2</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 August</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+ancient+Indus+Valley%3A+new+perspectives&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-1-57607-907-2&rft.au=Jane+McIntosh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D1AJO2A-CbccC%26pg%3DPP1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMehrgarh" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKenoyerMiller1999" class="citation book cs1">Kenoyer, Jonathan M.; Miller, Heather M. L. (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AjUy9SA3vqcC&pg=PA123">"Metal Technologies of the Indus Valley Tradition in Pakistan and Western India"</a>. In Vincent C. Pigott (ed.). <i>The archaeometallurgy of the Asian old world</i>. University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology. pp. 123–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-924171-34-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-924171-34-5"><bdi>978-0-924171-34-5</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 August</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Metal+Technologies+of+the+Indus+Valley+Tradition+in+Pakistan+and+Western+India&rft.btitle=The+archaeometallurgy+of+the+Asian+old+world&rft.pages=123-&rft.pub=University+of+Pennsylvania+Museum+of+Archaeology&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-924171-34-5&rft.aulast=Kenoyer&rft.aufirst=Jonathan+M.&rft.au=Miller%2C+Heather+M.+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DAjUy9SA3vqcC%26pg%3DPA123&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMehrgarh" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="South_Asia">South Asia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mehrgarh&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: South Asia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBridget_AllchinFrank_Raymond_Allchin1982" class="citation book cs1">Bridget Allchin; Frank Raymond Allchin (1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=r4s-YsP6vcIC&pg=PP1"><i>The rise of civilization in India and Pakistan</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-28550-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-28550-6"><bdi>978-0-521-28550-6</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 August</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+rise+of+civilization+in+India+and+Pakistan&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1982&rft.isbn=978-0-521-28550-6&rft.au=Bridget+Allchin&rft.au=Frank+Raymond+Allchin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dr4s-YsP6vcIC%26pg%3DPP1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMehrgarh" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKenoyer,_J._Mark2005" class="citation book cs1">Kenoyer, J. Mark (2005). Kimberly Heuston (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=7CjvF88iEE8C&q=the+ancient+south+asian+world&pg=PA5"><i>The Ancient South Asian World</i></a>. Oxford University Press. pp. 30–35. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-517422-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-517422-9"><bdi>978-0-19-517422-9</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 March</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Ancient+South+Asian+World&rft.pages=30-35&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-19-517422-9&rft.au=Kenoyer%2C+J.+Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D7CjvF88iEE8C%26q%3Dthe%2Bancient%2Bsouth%2Basian%2Bworld%26pg%3DPA5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMehrgarh" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSinopoli2007" class="citation book cs1">Sinopoli, Carla M. (February 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ab1rF6tznkoC&pg=PA75">"Gender and Archaeology in South and Southwest Asia"</a>. In Sarah M. Nelson (ed.). <i>Worlds of gender: the archaeology of women's lives around the globe</i>. Rowman Altamira. pp. 75–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7591-1084-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7591-1084-7"><bdi>978-0-7591-1084-7</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 August</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Gender+and+Archaeology+in+South+and+Southwest+Asia&rft.btitle=Worlds+of+gender%3A+the+archaeology+of+women%27s+lives+around+the+globe&rft.pages=75-&rft.pub=Rowman+Altamira&rft.date=2007-02&rft.isbn=978-0-7591-1084-7&rft.aulast=Sinopoli&rft.aufirst=Carla+M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dab1rF6tznkoC%26pg%3DPA75&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMehrgarh" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKenoyer2002" class="citation book cs1">Kenoyer, Jonathan Mark (2002). <a href="/wiki/Peter_N._Peregrine" title="Peter N. Peregrine">Peter N. Peregrine</a>, <a href="/wiki/Melvin_Ember" title="Melvin Ember">Melvin Ember</a> (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=C-TQpUtI-dgC&pg=PA153"><i>Encyclopedia of Prehistory: South and Southwest Asia</i></a>. Springer. pp. 153–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-306-46262-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-306-46262-7"><bdi>978-0-306-46262-7</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 August</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Prehistory%3A+South+and+Southwest+Asia&rft.pages=153-&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=978-0-306-46262-7&rft.aulast=Kenoyer&rft.aufirst=Jonathan+Mark&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DC-TQpUtI-dgC%26pg%3DPA153&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMehrgarh" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="South_Asia_paleoanthropology">South Asia paleoanthropology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mehrgarh&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: South Asia paleoanthropology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKenneth_A._R._Kennedy2000" class="citation book cs1">Kenneth A. R. Kennedy (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=W6zQHNavWlsC&pg=PR4"><i>God-apes and fossil men: paleoanthropology of South Asia</i></a>. University of Michigan Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-472-11013-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-472-11013-1"><bdi>978-0-472-11013-1</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 August</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=God-apes+and+fossil+men%3A+paleoanthropology+of+South+Asia&rft.pub=University+of+Michigan+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-0-472-11013-1&rft.au=Kenneth+A.+R.+Kennedy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DW6zQHNavWlsC%26pg%3DPR4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMehrgarh" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMichael_D._PetragliaBridget_Allchin2007" class="citation book cs1">Michael D. Petraglia; Bridget Allchin (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Qm9GfjNlnRwC&pg=PP1"><i>The evolution and history of human populations in South Asia: inter-disciplinary studies in archaeology, biological anthropology, linguistics and genetics</i></a>. Springer. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4020-5561-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4020-5561-4"><bdi>978-1-4020-5561-4</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 August</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+evolution+and+history+of+human+populations+in+South+Asia%3A+inter-disciplinary+studies+in+archaeology%2C+biological+anthropology%2C+linguistics+and+genetics&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-1-4020-5561-4&rft.au=Michael+D.+Petraglia&rft.au=Bridget+Allchin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQm9GfjNlnRwC%26pg%3DPP1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMehrgarh" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Central_Asia">Central Asia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mehrgarh&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Central Asia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJ._G._ShafferB._K._Thapar2005" class="citation book cs1">J. G. Shaffer; B. K. Thapar; et al. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6lPzhfNRZ9IC&pg=PA1"><i>History of civilizations of Central Asia</i></a>. UNESCO. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-92-3-102719-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-92-3-102719-2"><bdi>978-92-3-102719-2</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 August</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+civilizations+of+Central+Asia&rft.pub=UNESCO&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-92-3-102719-2&rft.au=J.+G.+Shaffer&rft.au=B.+K.+Thapar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6lPzhfNRZ9IC%26pg%3DPA1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMehrgarh" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Global_history">Global history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mehrgarh&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Global history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSteven_Mithen2006" class="citation book cs1">Steven Mithen (30 April 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=NVygmardAA4C&pg=PA408"><i>After the ice: a global human history, 20,000-5000 BC</i></a>. Harvard University Press. pp. 408–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-674-01999-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-674-01999-7"><bdi>978-0-674-01999-7</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 August</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=After+the+ice%3A+a+global+human+history%2C+20%2C000-5000+BC&rft.pages=408-&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=2006-04-30&rft.isbn=978-0-674-01999-7&rft.au=Steven+Mithen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNVygmardAA4C%26pg%3DPA408&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMehrgarh" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="India">India</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mehrgarh&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: India"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Avari, Burjor, <i>India: The Ancient Past: A history of the Indian sub-continent from c. 7000 BC to AD 1200</i>, Routledge.</li> <li>Singh, Upinder, <i>A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th century</i>, Dorling Kindersley, 2008, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-317-1120-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-317-1120-0">978-81-317-1120-0</a></li> <li>Lallanji Gopal, V. C. Srivastava, <i>History of Agriculture in India, up to c. 1200 AD</i>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHermann_KulkeDietmar_Rothermund2004" class="citation book cs1">Hermann Kulke; Dietmar Rothermund (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=TPVq3ykHyH4C&pg=PA21"><i>A history of India</i></a>. Routledge. pp. 21–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-32919-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-32919-4"><bdi>978-0-415-32919-4</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 August</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+history+of+India&rft.pages=21-&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-0-415-32919-4&rft.au=Hermann+Kulke&rft.au=Dietmar+Rothermund&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DTPVq3ykHyH4C%26pg%3DPA21&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMehrgarh" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBurton_Stein2015" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Burton_Stein" title="Burton Stein">Burton Stein</a> (4 March 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0K3GZfqCabsC&pg=PA39">"Ancient Days: The Pre-Formation of Indian Civilization"</a>. In David Arnold (ed.). <i>A History of India</i>. John Wiley and Sons. pp. 39–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4051-9509-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4051-9509-6"><bdi>978-1-4051-9509-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Ancient+Days%3A+The+Pre-Formation+of+Indian+Civilization&rft.btitle=A+History+of+India&rft.pages=39-&rft.pub=John+Wiley+and+Sons&rft.date=2015-03-04&rft.isbn=978-1-4051-9509-6&rft.au=Burton+Stein&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D0K3GZfqCabsC%26pg%3DPA39&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMehrgarh" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Indo-Aryans">Indo-Aryans</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mehrgarh&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Indo-Aryans"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJim_G._ShafferDiane_A_Lichtenstein1995" class="citation book cs1">Jim G. Shaffer; Diane A Lichtenstein (1995). George Erdösy (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=A6ZRShEIFwMC&pg=PA130"><i>The Indo-Aryans of ancient South Asia: Language, material culture and ethnicity</i></a>. Walter de Gruyter. pp. 130–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-11-014447-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-11-014447-5"><bdi>978-3-11-014447-5</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 August</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Indo-Aryans+of+ancient+South+Asia%3A+Language%2C+material+culture+and+ethnicity&rft.pages=130-&rft.pub=Walter+de+Gruyter&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=978-3-11-014447-5&rft.au=Jim+G.+Shaffer&rft.au=Diane+A+Lichtenstein&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DA6ZRShEIFwMC%26pg%3DPA130&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMehrgarh" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mehrgarh&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Mehrgarh" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Mehrgarh">Mehrgarh</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/1876/">Archaeological Site of Mehrgarh</a>, UNESCO</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.arscan.fr/archeologie-asie-centrale/mai/">http://www.arscan.fr/archeologie-asie-centrale/mai/</a> Mission archéologique de l'Indus (M.A.I.) [fr]</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output 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.navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cultural_heritage_sites_in_Balochistan,_Pakistan" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible expanded navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#bbeb85;;background:#abdb75;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cultural_heritage_sites_in_Balochistan,_Pakistan" title="Template:Cultural 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navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kharan_Fort" title="Kharan Fort">Kharan Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lasbela_Fort&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lasbela Fort (page does not exist)">Lasbela Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mir_Chakar_Fort&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mir Chakar Fort (page does not exist)">Mir Chakar Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sassi_Punnu_Fort" title="Sassi Punnu Fort">Sassi Punnu Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandeman_Fort" title="Sandeman Fort">Sandeman Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sibi_Fort" title="Sibi Fort">Sibi Fort</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#bbeb85;;width:1%">Tourist spots</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Quaid-e-Azam_Residency" title="Quaid-e-Azam Residency">Quaid-e-Azam Residency</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#bbeb85;;width:1%">Archaeological sites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pirak" title="Pirak">Pirak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nindowari" title="Nindowari">Nindowari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kharan_Fort" title="Kharan Fort">Kharan Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judeir-jo-daro" title="Judeir-jo-daro">Judeir-jo-daro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Periano_Ghundai" title="Periano Ghundai">Periano Ghundai</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mehrgarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gondrani" title="Gondrani">Gondrani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikoderian_Tombs" title="Nikoderian Tombs">Nikoderian Tombs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#bbeb85;;width:1%">Other sites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Bara_Bagh_Cemetery,_Lasbela" title="Bara Bagh Cemetery, Lasbela">Bara Bagh Cemetery, Lasbela</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Indus_Valley_Civilisation" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Indus_Valley_civilisation" title="Template:Indus Valley civilisation"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Indus_Valley_civilisation" title="Template talk:Indus Valley civilisation"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Indus_Valley_civilisation" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Indus Valley civilisation"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Indus_Valley_Civilisation" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Indus_Valley_Civilisation" title="Indus Valley Civilisation">Indus Valley Civilisation</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">History and culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indus_River" title="Indus River">Indus River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Periodisation_of_the_Indus_Valley_Civilisation" title="Periodisation of the Indus Valley Civilisation">Periodisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_of_the_Indus_Valley_Civilization" class="mw-redirect" title="Religion of the Indus Valley Civilization">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhirrana" title="Bhirrana">Bhirrana culture</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mehrgarh culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kulli_culture" title="Kulli culture">Kulli culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amri_culture" title="Amri culture">Amri culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bara_culture" title="Bara culture">Bara culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cemetery_H_culture" title="Cemetery H culture">Cemetery H culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indus%E2%80%93Mesopotamia_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="Indus–Mesopotamia relations">Indus–Mesopotamia relations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">Art and architecture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dancing_Girl_(prehistoric_sculpture)" title="Dancing Girl (prehistoric sculpture)"><i>Dancing Girl</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashupati_seal" title="Pashupati seal">Pashupati seal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priest-King_(sculpture)" title="Priest-King (sculpture)"><i>Priest-king</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harappan_architecture" title="Harappan architecture">Harappan architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanitation_of_the_Indus_Valley_Civilisation" title="Sanitation of the Indus Valley Civilisation">Sanitation of the Indus Valley Civilisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Bath,_Mohenjo-daro" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Bath, Mohenjo-daro">Great Bath, Mohenjo-daro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_inventions_and_discoveries_of_the_Indus_Valley_Civilisation" title="List of inventions and discoveries of the Indus Valley Civilisation">Inventions of the Indus Valley Civilisation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">Language and script</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harappan_language" title="Harappan language">Harappan language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indus_script" title="Indus script">Indus script</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">Indus Valley sites in <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harappa" title="Harappa">Harappa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larkana" title="Larkana">Larkana</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mohenjo-daro" title="Mohenjo-daro">Mohenjo-daro</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nausharo" title="Nausharo">Nausharo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chanhudaro" title="Chanhudaro">Chanhudaro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganweriwal" title="Ganweriwal">Ganweriwal</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mehrgarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakhueen-jo-daro" class="mw-redirect" title="Lakhueen-jo-daro">Lakhueen-jo-daro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirak" title="Pirak">Pirak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kot_Bala" title="Kot Bala">Kot Bala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kot_Diji" title="Kot Diji">Kot Diji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rehman_Dheri" title="Rehman Dheri">Rehman Dheri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amri_(Pre-Harappa)" class="mw-redirect" title="Amri (Pre-Harappa)">Amri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sutkagan_Dor" title="Sutkagan Dor">Sutkagan Dor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sokhta_Koh" title="Sokhta Koh">Sokhta Koh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tharro_Hills" title="Tharro Hills">Tharro Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pir_Shah_Jurio" title="Pir Shah Jurio">Pir Shah Jurio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allahdino" title="Allahdino">Allahdino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balakot" title="Balakot">Balakot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganeriwala" class="mw-redirect" title="Ganeriwala">Ganeriwala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nindowari" title="Nindowari">Nindowari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judeir-jo-daro" title="Judeir-jo-daro">Judeir-jo-daro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dabarkot" title="Dabarkot">Dabarkot</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">Indus Valley sites in <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dholavira" title="Dholavira">Dholavira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gola_Dhoro" title="Gola Dhoro">Gola Dhoro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lothal" title="Lothal">Lothal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagatrav" title="Bhagatrav">Bhagatrav</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rangpur,_Gujarat" title="Rangpur, Gujarat">Rangpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jognakhera" title="Jognakhera">Jognakhera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surkotada" title="Surkotada">Surkotada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalibangan" title="Kalibangan">Kalibangan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manda,_Jammu" title="Manda, Jammu">Manda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alamgirpur" title="Alamgirpur">Alamgirpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daimabad" title="Daimabad">Daimabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malwan" title="Malwan">Malwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kunal,_Haryana" title="Kunal, Haryana">Kunal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rakhigarhi" title="Rakhigarhi">Rakhigarhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rupnagar" title="Rupnagar">Rupnagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rupar" class="mw-redirect" title="Rupar">Rupar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hulas" title="Hulas">Hulas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanmer" title="Kanmer">Kanmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oriyo_timbo" title="Oriyo timbo">Oriyo timbo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dher_Majra" title="Dher Majra">Dher Majra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lohari_Ragho" title="Lohari Ragho">Lohari Ragho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwarka" title="Dwarka">Dwarka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuntasi" title="Kuntasi">Kuntasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loteshwar" title="Loteshwar">Loteshwar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandi,_Uttar_Pradesh" title="Mandi, Uttar Pradesh">Mandi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farmana" title="Farmana">Farmana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganeshwar_Civilzation" class="mw-redirect" title="Ganeshwar Civilzation">Ganeshwar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sothi_(archaeology)" title="Sothi (archaeology)">Sothi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siswal" title="Siswal">Siswal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanauli" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanauli">Sanauli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanghol" title="Sanghol">Sanghol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pabumath" title="Pabumath">Pabumath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nagwada" title="Nagwada">Nagwada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babar_Kot" title="Babar Kot">Babar Kot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balu,_Haryana" class="mw-redirect" title="Balu, Haryana">Balu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bara,_Punjab" title="Bara, Punjab">Bara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bargaon_(archaeological_site)" title="Bargaon (archaeological site)">Bargaon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagwanpura,_Haryana" title="Bhagwanpura, Haryana">Bhagwanpura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhirrana" title="Bhirrana">Bhirrana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banawali" title="Banawali">Banawali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rojdi" title="Rojdi">Rojdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kotla_Nihang_Khan" title="Kotla Nihang Khan">Kotla Nihang Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerala-no-dhoro" title="Kerala-no-dhoro">Kerala-no-dhoro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitathal" title="Mitathal">Mitathal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Desalpur" class="mw-redirect" title="Desalpur">Desalpur</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">Indus Valley sites in <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mundigak" title="Mundigak">Mundigak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shortugai" title="Shortugai">Shortugai</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meluhha" title="Meluhha">Meluhha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ochre_Coloured_Pottery_culture" title="Ochre Coloured Pottery culture">Ochre Coloured Pottery culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Black_Polished_Ware" title="Northern Black Polished Ware">Northern Black Polished Ware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Painted_Grey_Ware_culture" title="Painted Grey Ware culture">Painted Grey Ware culture</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="World_Heritage_Sites_in_Pakistan" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:World_Heritage_Sites_in_Pakistan" title="Template:World Heritage Sites in Pakistan"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:World_Heritage_Sites_in_Pakistan" title="Template talk:World Heritage Sites in Pakistan"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:World_Heritage_Sites_in_Pakistan" title="Special:EditPage/Template:World Heritage Sites in Pakistan"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="World_Heritage_Sites_in_Pakistan" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Pakistan" title="List of World Heritage Sites in Pakistan">World Heritage Sites in Pakistan</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mohenjo-daro" title="Mohenjo-daro">Ruins of Mohenjo-daro</a></li> <li>Buddhist ruins of <a href="/wiki/Takht-i-Bahi" title="Takht-i-Bahi">Takht-i-Bahi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Seri_Bahlol" title="Seri Bahlol">Sahr-i-Bahlol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lahore_Fort" title="Lahore Fort">Lahore Fort</a> and <a href="/wiki/Shalimar_Gardens_(Lahore)" class="mw-redirect" title="Shalimar Gardens (Lahore)">Shalamar Gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makli_Hill" class="mw-redirect" title="Makli Hill">Makli Necropolis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rohtas_Fort" title="Rohtas Fort">Rohtas Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxila" title="Taxila">Taxila</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Balochistan,_Pakistan&#124;link=Balochistan,_Pakistan_Province_of_Balochistan_topics" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Balochistan,_Pakistan_topics" title="Template:Balochistan, Pakistan topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Balochistan,_Pakistan_topics" title="Template talk:Balochistan, Pakistan topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Balochistan,_Pakistan_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Balochistan, Pakistan topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Balochistan,_Pakistan&#124;link=Balochistan,_Pakistan_Province_of_Balochistan_topics" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Balochistan,_Pakistan" title="Balochistan, Pakistan"><img alt="Balochistan, Pakistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Balochistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Balochistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_Balochistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Balochistan.svg.png 1.5x, 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class="mw-redirect" title="Kalat (princely state)">Kalat (princely state)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Balochistan,_Pakistan" title="Government of Balochistan, Pakistan">Government</a><br />and <a href="/wiki/Category:Politics_of_Balochistan,_Pakistan" title="Category:Politics of Balochistan, Pakistan">politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Provincial_Assembly_of_Balochistan,_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Provincial Assembly of Balochistan, Pakistan">Provincial Assembly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Minister_of_Balochistan,_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Chief Minister of Balochistan, Pakistan">Chief Minister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Balochistan,_Pakistan" title="Governor of Balochistan, Pakistan">Governor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tumandar" title="Tumandar">Tumandar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Balochistan" title="Insurgency in Balochistan">Insurgency in Balochistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hazara_Democratic_Party" title="Hazara Democratic Party">Hazara Democratic Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baloch_nationalism" title="Baloch nationalism">Baloch nationalism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">Culture and<br />places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baloch_people" title="Baloch people">Baloch people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Baloch_tribes" title="List of Baloch tribes">List of Baloch tribes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balochi_language" title="Balochi language">Language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balochi_cinema" title="Balochi cinema">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balochi_cuisine" title="Balochi cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baloch_diaspora" title="Baloch diaspora">Diaspora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balochi_music" title="Balochi music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahui_people" title="Brahui people">Brahui people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahui_language" title="Brahui language">Brahui language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hazara_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Hazara people">Hazara people</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">Archaeological Sites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_archaeological_sites_and_monuments_in_Balochistan" class="mw-redirect" title="List of archaeological sites and monuments in Balochistan">Archaeological sites and monuments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirak" title="Pirak">Pirak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gondrani" title="Gondrani">Gondrani</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mehrgarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gadani" title="Gadani">Gadani</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">Geography</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Balochistan,_Pakistan_by_population" title="List of cities in Balochistan, Pakistan by population">Largest cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Balochistan,_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Districts of Balochistan, Pakistan">Districts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balochistan" title="Balochistan">Balochistan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">Education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Balochistan" title="University of Balochistan">University of Balochistan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">Sport</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ayub_National_Stadium" title="Ayub National Stadium">Ayub National Stadium</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Prehistoric_technology" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible expanded navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Prehistoric_technology" title="Template:Prehistoric technology"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Prehistoric_technology" title="Template talk:Prehistoric technology"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Prehistoric_technology" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Prehistoric technology"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Prehistoric_technology" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_technology" title="Prehistoric technology">Prehistoric technology</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prehistory" title="Prehistory">Prehistory</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_prehistory" title="Timeline of prehistory">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_prehistoric_technology" title="Outline of prehistoric technology">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_Age" title="Stone Age">Stone Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three-age_system#Stone_Age_subdivisions" title="Three-age system">Subdivisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neolithic" title="Neolithic">New Stone Age</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Technology" title="Technology">Technology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_technology" title="History of technology">history</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_archaeology" title="Glossary of archaeology">Glossary</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Tools" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Lithic_technology" title="Lithic technology">Tools</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><a href="/wiki/History_of_agriculture" title="History of agriculture">Farming</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neolithic_Revolution" title="Neolithic Revolution">Neolithic Revolution</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Founder_crops" title="Founder crops">Founder crops</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_World_crops" title="New World crops">New World crops</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ard_(plough)" title="Ard (plough)">Ard / plough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celt_(tool)" title="Celt (tool)">Celt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digging_stick" title="Digging stick">Digging stick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domestication" title="Domestication">Domestication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goad" title="Goad">Goad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irrigation" title="Irrigation">Irrigation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secondary_products_revolution" title="Secondary products revolution">Secondary products</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sickle" title="Sickle">Sickle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrace_(earthworks)" title="Terrace (earthworks)">Terracing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em">Food processing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Control_of_fire_by_early_humans" title="Control of fire by early humans">Fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basket" title="Basket">Basket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooking" title="Cooking">Cooking</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Earth_oven" title="Earth oven">Earth oven</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granary" title="Granary">Granaries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grinding_slab" title="Grinding slab">Grinding slab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ground_stone" title="Ground stone">Ground stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hearth" title="Hearth">Hearth</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A%C5%9F%C4%B1kl%C4%B1_H%C3%B6y%C3%BCk#Hearths" title="Aşıklı Höyük">Aşıklı Höyük</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qesem_cave#Fire" title="Qesem cave">Qesem cave</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mano_(stone)" title="Mano (stone)">Manos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metate" title="Metate">Metate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mortar_and_pestle" title="Mortar and pestle">Mortar and pestle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pottery" title="Pottery">Pottery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quern-stone" title="Quern-stone">Quern-stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_storage_pits" title="Prehistoric storage pits">Storage pits</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><a href="/wiki/Hunting_hypothesis" title="Hunting hypothesis">Hunting</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arrow" title="Arrow">Arrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boomerang" title="Boomerang">Boomerang</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Throwing_stick" title="Throwing stick">throwing stick</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bow_and_arrow" title="Bow and arrow">Bow and arrow</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_archery" title="History of archery">history</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gravettian#Hunting" title="Gravettian">Nets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spear" title="Spear">Spear</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spear-thrower" title="Spear-thrower">spear-thrower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baton_fragment_(Palart_310)" title="Baton fragment (Palart 310)">baton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harpoon" title="Harpoon">harpoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sch%C3%B6ningen_spears" title="Schöningen spears">Schöningen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woomera_(spear-thrower)" title="Woomera (spear-thrower)">woomera</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Projectile_point" title="Projectile point">Projectile points</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arrowhead" title="Arrowhead">Arrowhead</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Transverse_arrowhead" title="Transverse arrowhead">Transverse</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bare_Island_projectile_point" title="Bare Island projectile point">Bare Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cascade_point" title="Cascade point">Cascade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clovis_point" title="Clovis point">Clovis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creswellian_culture" title="Creswellian culture">Cresswell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumberland_point" title="Cumberland point">Cumberland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eden_point" title="Eden point">Eden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folsom_point" title="Folsom point">Folsom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamoka_projectile_point" title="Lamoka projectile point">Lamoka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manis_Mastodon_site" title="Manis Mastodon site">Manis Mastodon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plano_point" title="Plano point">Plano</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Systems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Game_drive_system" title="Game drive system">Game drive system</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buffalo_jump" title="Buffalo jump">Buffalo jump</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><a href="/wiki/Lithic_technology" title="Lithic technology">Toolmaking</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Industry_(archaeology)" title="Industry (archaeology)">Earliest toolmaking</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oldowan" title="Oldowan">Oldowan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acheulean" title="Acheulean">Acheulean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mousterian" title="Mousterian">Mousterian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aurignacian" title="Aurignacian">Aurignacian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clovis_culture" title="Clovis culture">Clovis culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cupstone" title="Cupstone">Cupstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire_hardening" title="Fire hardening">Fire hardening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gravettian" title="Gravettian">Gravettian culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hafting" title="Hafting">Hafting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hand_axe" title="Hand axe">Hand axe</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grooves_(archaeology)" title="Grooves (archaeology)">Grooves</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Langdale_axe_industry" title="Langdale axe industry">Langdale axe industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levallois_technique" title="Levallois technique">Levallois technique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithic_core" title="Lithic core">Lithic core</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithic_reduction" title="Lithic reduction">Lithic reduction</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lithic_analysis" title="Lithic analysis">analysis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debitage" title="Debitage">debitage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithic_flake" title="Lithic flake">flake</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithic_technology" title="Lithic technology">Lithic technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magdalenian" title="Magdalenian">Magdalenian culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferrous_metallurgy" title="Ferrous metallurgy">Metallurgy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microblade_technology" title="Microblade technology">Microblade technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grime%27s_Graves" title="Grime's Graves">Mining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prepared-core_technique" title="Prepared-core technique">Prepared-core technique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solutrean" title="Solutrean">Solutrean industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Striking_platform" title="Striking platform">Striking platform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tool_stone" title="Tool stone">Tool stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uniface" title="Uniface">Uniface</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yubetsu_technique" title="Yubetsu technique">Yubetsu technique</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><a href="/wiki/Artifact_(archaeology)" title="Artifact (archaeology)">Other tools</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adze" title="Adze">Adze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stitching_awl" title="Stitching awl">Awl</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gravettian#Use_of_animal_remains" title="Gravettian">bone</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axe" title="Axe">Axe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bannerstone" title="Bannerstone">Bannerstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blade_(archaeology)" title="Blade (archaeology)">Blade</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prismatic_blade" title="Prismatic blade">prismatic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bone_tool" title="Bone tool">Bone tool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bow_drill" title="Bow drill">Bow drill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burin_(lithic_flake)" title="Burin (lithic flake)">Burin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canoe#History" title="Canoe">Canoe</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oar" title="Oar">Oar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pesse_canoe" title="Pesse canoe">Pesse canoe</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chopper_(archaeology)" title="Chopper (archaeology)">Chopper</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chopping_tool" title="Chopping tool">tool</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleaver_(Stone_Age_tool)" title="Cleaver (Stone Age tool)">Cleaver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denticulate_tool" title="Denticulate tool">Denticulate tool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire_plough" title="Fire plough">Fire plough</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire-saw" title="Fire-saw">Fire-saw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hammerstone" title="Hammerstone">Hammerstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knife" title="Knife">Knife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microlith" title="Microlith">Microlith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quern-stone" title="Quern-stone">Quern-stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Racloir" title="Racloir">Racloir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rope" title="Rope">Rope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scraper_(archaeology)" title="Scraper (archaeology)">Scraper</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grattoir_de_c%C3%B4t%C3%A9" title="Grattoir de côté">side</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_tool" title="Stone tool">Stone tool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tally_stick#Paleolithic_tally_sticks" title="Tally stick">Tally stick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_weapons#Copper_Age" title="History of weapons">Weapons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheel" title="Wheel">Wheel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bronocice_pot" title="Bronocice pot">illustration</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Architecture" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/History_of_architecture" title="History of architecture">Architecture</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em">Ceremonial</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kiva" title="Kiva">Kiva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyramid" title="Pyramid">Pyramid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menhir" title="Menhir">Standing stones</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Megalith" title="Megalith">megalith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_row" title="Stone row">row</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stonehenge" title="Stonehenge">Stonehenge</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em">Dwellings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neolithic_architecture" title="Neolithic architecture">Neolithic architecture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neolithic_long_house" title="Neolithic long house">long house</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_megalith_architecture" title="British megalith architecture">British megalith architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordic_megalith_architecture" title="Nordic megalith architecture">Nordic megalith architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burdei" title="Burdei">Burdei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cave" title="Cave">Cave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cliff_dwelling" title="Cliff dwelling">Cliff dwelling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dugout_(shelter)" title="Dugout (shelter)">Dugout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hut" title="Hut">Hut</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Quiggly_hole" title="Quiggly hole">Quiggly hole</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacal" title="Jacal">Jacal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longhouse" title="Longhouse">Longhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mudbrick" title="Mudbrick">Mudbrick</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Lifestyle_and_technology">Mehrgarh</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pit-house" title="Pit-house">Pit-house</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navajo_pueblitos" title="Navajo pueblitos">Pueblitos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pueblo" title="Pueblo">Pueblo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_shelter" title="Rock shelter">Rock shelter</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blombos_Cave" title="Blombos Cave">Blombos Cave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abri_de_la_Madeleine" title="Abri de la Madeleine">Abri de la Madeleine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sibudu_Cave" title="Sibudu Cave">Sibudu Cave</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roundhouse_(dwelling)" title="Roundhouse (dwelling)">Roundhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stilt_house" title="Stilt house">Stilt house</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_pile_dwellings_around_the_Alps" title="Prehistoric pile dwellings around the Alps">Alp pile dwellings</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ness_of_Brodgar" title="Ness of Brodgar">Stone roof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wattle_and_daub" title="Wattle and daub">Wattle and daub</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em">Water management</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Check_dam" title="Check dam">Check dam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cistern" title="Cistern">Cistern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flush_toilet#History" title="Flush toilet">Flush toilet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reservoir" title="Reservoir">Reservoir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Well" title="Well">Well</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em">Other architecture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Feature_(archaeology)" title="Feature (archaeology)">Archaeological features</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broch" title="Broch">Broch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burnt_mound" title="Burnt mound">Burnt mound</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fulacht_fiadh" title="Fulacht fiadh">fulacht fiadh</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Causewayed_enclosure" title="Causewayed enclosure">Causewayed enclosure</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tor_enclosure" title="Tor enclosure">Tor enclosure</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neolithic_circular_enclosures_in_Central_Europe" title="Neolithic circular enclosures in Central Europe">Circular enclosure</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Goseck_Circle" title="Goseck Circle">Goseck</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cursus" title="Cursus">Cursus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henge" title="Henge">Henge</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thornborough_Henges" title="Thornborough Henges">Thornborough</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megalithic_architectural_elements" title="Megalithic architectural elements">Megalithic architectural elements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midden" title="Midden">Midden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_oldest_extant_buildings" title="List of oldest extant buildings">Oldest extant buildings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timber_circle" title="Timber circle">Timber circle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timber_trackway" class="mw-redirect" title="Timber trackway">Timber trackway</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sweet_Track" title="Sweet Track">Sweet Track</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Arts_and_culture" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_art" title="Prehistoric art">Arts</a> and <a href="/wiki/Archaeological_culture" title="Archaeological culture">culture</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><a href="/wiki/Artifact_(archaeology)" title="Artifact (archaeology)">Material goods</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basket_weaving" title="Basket weaving">Baskets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beadwork" title="Beadwork">Beadwork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bed#History" title="Bed">Beds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalcolithic" title="Chalcolithic">Chalcolithic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_clothing_and_textiles" title="History of clothing and textiles">Clothing/textiles</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_clothing_and_textiles_technology" title="Timeline of clothing and textiles technology">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_cosmetics" title="History of cosmetics">Cosmetics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_Stone_Age" title="Middle Stone Age">Glue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_hide_materials" title="History of hide materials">Hides</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Shoe#History" title="Shoe">shoes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%96tzi#Clothes_and_shoes" title="Ötzi">Ötzi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewellery#History" title="Jewellery">Jewelry</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amber#Use" title="Amber">amber use</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirror#History" title="Mirror">Mirrors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pottery#History" title="Pottery">Pottery</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cardium_pottery" title="Cardium pottery">Cardium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cord-marked_pottery" title="Cord-marked pottery">Cord-marked</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grooved_ware" title="Grooved ware">Grooved ware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C5%8Dmon_pottery" title="Jōmon pottery">Jōmon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linear_Pottery_culture" title="Linear Pottery culture">Linear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unstan_ware" title="Unstan ware">Unstan ware</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sewing_needle#History" title="Sewing needle">Sewing needle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weaving" title="Weaving">Weaving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_wine" title="History of wine">Wine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Areni-1_winery" title="Areni-1 winery">winery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_wine_press#Early_history" title="History of the wine press">wine press</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_art" title="Prehistoric art">Prehistoric art</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Art_of_the_Upper_Paleolithic" title="Art of the Upper Paleolithic">Art of the Upper Paleolithic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_of_the_Middle_Paleolithic" title="Art of the Middle Paleolithic">Art of the Middle Paleolithic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blombos_Cave#Archaeological_remains_and_material_culture_from_the_Middle_Stone_Age_levels" title="Blombos Cave">Blombos Cave</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Stone_Age_art" title="List of Stone Age art">List of Stone Age art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bird_stone" title="Bird stone">Bird stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cairn" title="Cairn">Cairn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carved_stone_balls" title="Carved stone balls">Carved stone balls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cave_painting" title="Cave painting">Cave paintings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cup_and_ring_mark" title="Cup and ring mark">Cup and ring mark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geoglyph" title="Geoglyph">Geoglyph</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hill_figure" title="Hill figure">Hill figure</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_hat" title="Golden hat">Golden hats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guardian_stones" title="Guardian stones">Guardian stones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwion_Gwion_rock_paintings" title="Gwion Gwion rock paintings">Gwion Gwion rock paintings</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_painting#Pre-history" title="History of painting">painting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pigment#History" title="Pigment">pigment</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megalithic_art" title="Megalithic art">Megalithic art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petroform" title="Petroform">Petroform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petroglyph" title="Petroglyph">Petroglyph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrosomatoglyph" title="Petrosomatoglyph">Petrosomatoglyph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pictogram" title="Pictogram">Pictogram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_art" title="Rock art">Rock art</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rock_cupule" title="Rock cupule">Rock cupule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_carving" title="Stone carving">Stone carving</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sculpture#Prehistoric_periods" title="Sculpture">Sculpture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_menhir" title="Statue menhir">Statue menhir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_circle" title="Stone circle">Stone circle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_stone_circles" title="List of stone circles">list</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_circles_in_the_British_Isles_and_Brittany" title="Stone circles in the British Isles and Brittany">British Isles and Brittany</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venus_figurine" title="Venus figurine">Venus figurine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em"><a href="/wiki/Paleolithic_religion" title="Paleolithic religion">Burial</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tumulus" title="Tumulus">Burial mounds</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bowl_barrow" title="Bowl barrow">Bowl barrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Round_barrow" title="Round barrow">Round barrow</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mound_Builders" title="Mound Builders">Mound Builders culture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_burial_mounds_in_the_United_States" title="List of burial mounds in the United States">U.S. sites</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamber_tomb" title="Chamber tomb">Chamber tomb</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cotswold-Severn_Group" title="Cotswold-Severn Group">Cotswold-Severn</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cist" title="Cist">Cist</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dartmoor_kistvaens" title="Dartmoor kistvaens">Dartmoor kistvaens</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clava_cairn" title="Clava cairn">Clava cairn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Court_cairn" title="Court cairn">Court cairn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cremation#History" title="Cremation">Cremation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolmen" title="Dolmen">Dolmen</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Great_dolmen" title="Great dolmen">Great dolmen</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyre" title="Pyre">Funeral pyre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallery_grave" title="Gallery grave">Gallery grave</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Transepted_gallery_grave" class="mw-redirect" title="Transepted gallery grave">transepted</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wedge-shaped_gallery_grave" class="mw-redirect" title="Wedge-shaped gallery grave">wedge-shaped</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grave_goods" title="Grave goods">Grave goods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jar_burial" title="Jar burial">Jar burial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_barrow" title="Long barrow">Long barrow</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Unchambered_long_barrow" title="Unchambered long barrow">unchambered</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%B8nsalen" title="Grønsalen">Grønsalen</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megalithic_tomb" class="mw-redirect" title="Megalithic tomb">Megalithic tomb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mummy" title="Mummy">Mummy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passage_grave" title="Passage grave">Passage grave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rectangular_dolmen" title="Rectangular dolmen">Rectangular dolmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ring_cairn" title="Ring cairn">Ring cairn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simple_dolmen" title="Simple dolmen">Simple dolmen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_box_grave" title="Stone box grave">Stone box grave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tor_cairn" title="Tor cairn">Tor cairn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unchambered_long_cairn" title="Unchambered long cairn">Unchambered long cairn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9em">Other cultural</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archaeoastronomy" title="Archaeoastronomy">Archaeoastronomy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_archaeoastronomical_sites_by_country" title="List of archaeoastronomical sites by country">sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lunar_calendar" title="Lunar calendar">lunar calendar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Behavioral_modernity" title="Behavioral modernity">Behavioral modernity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evolutionary_musicology" title="Evolutionary musicology">Evolutionary musicology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Music_archaeology" title="Music archaeology">music archaeology</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evolutionary_origin_of_religion" title="Evolutionary origin of religion">Evolutionary origin of religion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paleolithic_religion" title="Paleolithic religion">Paleolithic religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_religion" title="Prehistoric religion">Prehistoric religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entheogenic_drugs_and_the_archaeological_record" title="Entheogenic drugs and the archaeological record">Spiritual drug use</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Origin_of_language" title="Origin of language">Origin of language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_counting" title="Prehistoric counting">Prehistoric counting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_medicine" title="Prehistoric medicine">Prehistoric medicine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trepanning" title="Trepanning">trepanning</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_music" title="Prehistoric music">Prehistoric music</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alligator_drum" title="Alligator drum">Alligator drum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paleolithic_flute" title="Paleolithic flute">flutes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divje_Babe_flute" title="Divje Babe flute">Divje Babe flute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gudi_(instrument)" title="Gudi (instrument)">gudi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_warfare" title="Prehistoric warfare">Prehistoric warfare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diepkloof_Rock_Shelter" title="Diepkloof Rock Shelter">Symbols</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Howiesons_Poort#Symbolism" title="Howiesons Poort">symbolism</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Chronology_of_the_Neolithic_period" style="display:table;;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Neolithic_Chronology" title="Template:Neolithic Chronology"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Neolithic_Chronology" title="Template talk:Neolithic Chronology"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Neolithic_Chronology" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Neolithic Chronology"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Chronology_of_the_Neolithic_period" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Neolithic" title="Neolithic">Chronology of the Neolithic period</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="legend nowrap"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid #C0C0C0;background-color:#F5F5F5; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Pre-Pottery_Neolithic" title="Pre-Pottery Neolithic">Pre-Pottery Neolithic</a></span> <span class="legend nowrap"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="border: 1px solid #C0C0C0;background-color:#FDF5E6; color:black;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Pottery_Neolithic" class="mw-redirect" title="Pottery Neolithic">Pottery Neolithic</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;border-width:0;"><div style="padding:0"> <table style="width:100%" class="wraplinks"> <tbody><tr> <th style="vertical-align:bottom; border-bottom:0px; border-top:0px"><span style="position:relative;top:1em;">BC</span> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Levant" title="Levant">Levant</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Anatolia" title="Anatolia">Anatolia</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Khabur_(Euphrates)" title="Khabur (Euphrates)">Khabur</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Sinjar_Mountains" title="Sinjar Mountains">Sinjar Mountains</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Assyria" title="Assyria">Assyria</a> </th> <th>Middle <a href="/wiki/Tigris" title="Tigris">Tigris</a> </th> <th>Low<br /><a href="/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia">Mesopotamia</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Khuzistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Khuzistan">Khuzistan</a>) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Indus" class="mw-redirect" title="Indus">Indus</a>/<br /><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="vertical-align:bottom; border-bottom:0px; border-top:0px"><span style="position:relative;top:1em">11000</span> </th> <td style="vertical-align:top;" rowspan="1"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;" rowspan="1"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;" rowspan="1"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;" rowspan="1"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;" rowspan="1"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;" rowspan="1"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;" rowspan="1"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;" rowspan="1"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;" rowspan="1"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;" rowspan="1"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;" rowspan="1"> </td> <td rowspan="3" style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#FDF5E6; font-size:100%;"><a href="/wiki/Chinese_ceramics" title="Chinese ceramics">Early Pottery</a><br />(18,000 BC) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="vertical-align:bottom; border-bottom:0px; border-top:0px"><span style="position:relative;top:1em">10000</span> </th> <td style="vertical-align:top;" rowspan="4"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;" rowspan="3"> </td> <td rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#F5F5F5; font-size:100%;"><b><a href="/wiki/Pre-Pottery_Neolithic_A" title="Pre-Pottery Neolithic A">Pre-Pottery Neolithic A</a></b><br /><a href="/wiki/Gesher_(archaeological_site)" title="Gesher (archaeological site)">Gesher</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Mureybet" title="Mureybet">Mureybet</a><br />(10,500 BC) </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;" rowspan="2">  </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;" rowspan="3"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;" rowspan="3"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;" rowspan="6"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;" rowspan="5"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;" rowspan="4"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;" rowspan="3"> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top;" rowspan="3"> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="vertical-align:bottom; border-bottom:0px; border-top:0px"><span style="position:relative;top:1em">9000</span> </th> <td rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#F5F5F5; font-size:100%;"><a href="/wiki/Jericho" title="Jericho">Jericho</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Tell_Abu_Hureyra" title="Tell Abu Hureyra">Tell Abu Hureyra</a><br /> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="vertical-align:bottom; border-bottom:0px; border-top:0px"><span style="position:relative;top:1em">8000</span> </th> <td rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#F5F5F5; font-size:100%;"><b><a href="/wiki/Pre-Pottery_Neolithic_B" title="Pre-Pottery Neolithic B">Pre-Pottery Neolithic B</a></b><br /><a href="/wiki/Jericho" title="Jericho">Jericho</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Tell_Aswad" title="Tell Aswad">Tell Aswad</a> </td> <td rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#F5F5F5; font-size:100%;"><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6bekli_Tepe" title="Göbekli Tepe">Göbekli Tepe</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%C3%87ay%C3%B6n%C3%BC" title="Çayönü">Çayönü</a><br /><a href="/wiki/A%C5%9F%C4%B1kl%C4%B1_H%C3%B6y%C3%BCk" title="Aşıklı Höyük">Aşıklı Höyük</a> </td> <td rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#FDF5E6; font-size:100%;"><b>Initial Neolithic</b><br /><b>(<a href="/wiki/Chinese_ceramics" title="Chinese ceramics">Pottery</a>)</b><br /><a href="/wiki/Nanzhuangtou" title="Nanzhuangtou">Nanzhuangtou</a><br />(8500–8000 BC) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="vertical-align:bottom; border-bottom:0px; border-top:0px"><span style="position:relative;top:1em">7000</span> </th> <td rowspan="3" style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#F5F5F5; font-size:100%;"><b><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_Egypt#Neolithic" title="Prehistoric Egypt">Egyptian Neolithic</a></b><br /><a href="/wiki/Nabta_Playa" title="Nabta Playa">Nabta Playa</a><br />(7500 BC) </td> <td rowspan="4" style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#F5F5F5; font-size:100%;"><a href="/wiki/%C3%87atalh%C3%B6y%C3%BCk" title="Çatalhöyük">Çatalhöyük</a><br />(7500–5500)<br /><a href="/wiki/Hacilar" title="Hacilar">Hacilar</a><br />(7000 BC) </td> <td rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#F5F5F5; font-size:100%;"><a href="/wiki/Tell_Sabi_Abyad" title="Tell Sabi Abyad">Tell Sabi Abyad</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Bouqras" title="Bouqras">Bouqras</a> </td> <td rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#F5F5F5; font-size:100%;"><a href="/wiki/Jarmo" title="Jarmo">Jarmo</a> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#F5F5F5; font-size:100%;"><a href="/wiki/Ganj_Dareh" title="Ganj Dareh">Ganj Dareh</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Chia_Jani" title="Chia Jani">Chia Jani</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Ali_Kosh" title="Ali Kosh">Ali Kosh</a> </td> <td rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#F5F5F5; font-size:100%;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mehrgarh I</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="vertical-align:bottom; border-bottom:0px; border-top:0px"><span style="position:relative;top:1em">6500</span> </th> <td rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#F5F5F5; font-size:100%;"><b><a href="/wiki/Neolithic_Europe" title="Neolithic Europe">Neolithic Europe</a></b><br /><a href="/wiki/Franchthi_Cave" title="Franchthi Cave">Franchthi</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Sesklo" title="Sesklo">Sesklo</a><br /> </td> <td rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#F5F5F5; font-size:100%;"><b><a href="/wiki/Pre-Pottery_Neolithic_C" class="mw-redirect" title="Pre-Pottery Neolithic C">Pre-Pottery Neolithic C</a></b><br />(<a href="/wiki/Ayn_Ghazal_(archaeological_site)" title="Ayn Ghazal (archaeological site)">'Ain Ghazal</a>) </td> <td rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#FDF5E6; font-size:100%;"><b><a href="/wiki/Pottery_Neolithic" class="mw-redirect" title="Pottery Neolithic">Pottery Neolithic</a></b><br /><a href="/wiki/Tell_Sabi_Abyad" title="Tell Sabi Abyad">Tell Sabi Abyad</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Bouqras" title="Bouqras">Bouqras</a> </td> <td rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#FDF5E6; font-size:100%;"><b><a href="/wiki/Pottery_Neolithic" class="mw-redirect" title="Pottery Neolithic">Pottery Neolithic</a></b><br /><a href="/wiki/Jarmo" title="Jarmo">Jarmo</a> </td> <td rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#F5F5F5; font-size:100%;"><a href="/wiki/Chogha_Bonut" title="Chogha Bonut">Chogha Bonut</a> </td> <td rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#F5F5F5; font-size:100%;"><a href="/wiki/Teppe_Zagheh" title="Teppe Zagheh">Teppe Zagheh</a> </td> <td rowspan="9" style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#FDF5E6; font-size:100%;"><b><a href="/wiki/Chinese_ceramics" title="Chinese ceramics">Pottery Neolithic</a></b><br /><a href="/wiki/Peiligang_culture" title="Peiligang culture">Peiligang</a><br />(7000–5000 BC) </td></tr> <tr> <th style="vertical-align:bottom; border-bottom:0px; border-top:0px"><span style="position:relative;top:1em">6000</span> </th> <td rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#FDF5E6; font-size:100%;"><b><a href="/wiki/Pottery_Neolithic" class="mw-redirect" title="Pottery Neolithic">Pottery Neolithic</a></b><br /><a href="/wiki/Sesklo" title="Sesklo">Sesklo</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Dimini" title="Dimini">Dimini</a> </td> <td rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#FDF5E6; font-size:100%;"><b><a href="/wiki/Pottery_Neolithic" class="mw-redirect" title="Pottery Neolithic">Pottery Neolithic</a></b><br /><a href="/wiki/Yarmukian_culture" title="Yarmukian culture">Yarmukian</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Sha%27ar_HaGolan" title="Sha'ar HaGolan">Sha'ar HaGolan</a>) </td> <td rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#FDF5E6; font-size:100%;"><b><a href="/wiki/Pottery_Neolithic" class="mw-redirect" title="Pottery Neolithic">Pottery Neolithic</a></b><br /><a href="/wiki/Ubaid_period" title="Ubaid period">Ubaid</a> 0<br />(<a href="/wiki/Tell_el-%27Oueili" title="Tell el-'Oueili">Tell el-'Oueili</a>) </td> <td rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#FDF5E6; font-size:100%;"><b><a href="/wiki/Pottery_Neolithic" class="mw-redirect" title="Pottery Neolithic">Pottery Neolithic</a></b><br /><a href="/wiki/Chogha_Mish" title="Chogha Mish">Chogha Mish</a> </td> <td rowspan="1" style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#FDF5E6; font-size:100%;"><b><a href="/wiki/Pottery_Neolithic" class="mw-redirect" title="Pottery Neolithic">Pottery Neolithic</a></b><br /><a href="/wiki/Sang-i_Chakmak" title="Sang-i Chakmak">Sang-i Chakmak</a> </td> <td rowspan="7" style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#FDF5E6; font-size:100%;"><b><a href="/wiki/Pottery_in_the_Indian_subcontinent" title="Pottery in the Indian subcontinent">Pottery Neolithic</a></b><br /><a href="/wiki/Lahuradewa" title="Lahuradewa">Lahuradewa</a><br /><br /><br /><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mehrgarh II</a><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mehrgarh III</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="vertical-align:bottom; border-bottom:0px; border-top:0px"><span style="position:relative;top:1em">5600</span> </th> <td rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#F5F5F5; font-size:100%;"><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_Egypt#Faiyum_A_culture" title="Prehistoric Egypt">Faiyum A</a> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#FDF5E6; font-size:100%;"><br /><a href="/wiki/Amuq" class="mw-redirect" title="Amuq">Amuq</a> A </td> <td rowspan="3" style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#FDF5E6; font-size:100%;"><br /><a href="/wiki/Halaf_culture" title="Halaf culture">Halaf</a><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><a href="/wiki/Halaf-Ubaid_Transitional_period" title="Halaf-Ubaid Transitional period">Halaf-Ubaid</a> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#FDF5E6; font-size:100%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Umm_Dabaghiya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Umm Dabaghiya (page does not exist)">Umm Dabaghiya</a> </td> <td rowspan="3" style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#FDF5E6; font-size:100%;"><br /><a href="/wiki/Samarra_culture" title="Samarra culture">Samarra</a><br />(6000–4800 BC) </td> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#FDF5E6; font-size:100%;"><a href="/wiki/Tepe_Muhammad_Djafar" class="mw-redirect" title="Tepe Muhammad Djafar">Tepe Muhammad Djafar</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#FDF5E6; font-size:100%;"><a href="/wiki/Tepe_Sialk" title="Tepe Sialk">Tepe Sialk</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="vertical-align:bottom; border-bottom:0px; border-top:0px"><span style="position:relative;top:1em">5200</span> </th> <td style="text-align:center; background:#FDF5E6; font-size:100%;" rowspan="6"><a href="/wiki/Linear_Pottery_culture" title="Linear Pottery culture">Linear Pottery culture</a><br />(5500–4500 BC) </td> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#FDF5E6; font-size:100%;"><br />Amuq B </td> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#FDF5E6; font-size:100%;"><a href="/wiki/Hacilar" title="Hacilar">Hacilar</a><br /><br /><a href="/wiki/Mersin" title="Mersin">Mersin</a><br />24–22<br />  </td> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#FDF5E6; font-size:100%;"><br /><a href="/wiki/Hassuna_culture" title="Hassuna culture">Hassuna</a> </td> <td rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#FDF5E6; font-size:100%;"><br /> <a href="/wiki/Ubaid_period" title="Ubaid period">Ubaid</a> 1<br />(<a href="/wiki/Eridu" title="Eridu">Eridu</a> 19–15)<br /><br /><a href="/wiki/Ubaid_period" title="Ubaid period">Ubaid</a> 2<br />(<a href="/wiki/Hadji_Muhammed" title="Hadji Muhammed">Hadji Muhammed</a>)<br />(<a href="/wiki/Eridu" title="Eridu">Eridu</a> 14–12) </td> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#FDF5E6; font-size:100%;"><br /><a href="/wiki/Susiana" class="mw-redirect" title="Susiana">Susiana</a> A </td> <td style="text-align:center; background:#FDF5E6; font-size:100%;"><a href="/wiki/Yarim_Tepe_(Iran)" title="Yarim Tepe (Iran)">Yarim Tepe</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Hajji_Firuz_Tepe" title="Hajji Firuz Tepe">Hajji Firuz Tepe</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="vertical-align:bottom; border-bottom:0px; border-top:0px"><span style="position:relative;top:1em">4800</span> </th> <td rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#FDF5E6; font-size:100%;"><b><a href="/wiki/Pottery_Neolithic" class="mw-redirect" title="Pottery Neolithic">Pottery Neolithic</a></b><br /><a href="/wiki/Merimde_culture" title="Merimde culture">Merimde</a><br /> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#FDF5E6; font-size:100%;"><br />Amuq C </td> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#FDF5E6; font-size:100%;"><a href="/wiki/Hacilar" title="Hacilar">Hacilar</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Mersin" title="Mersin">Mersin</a><br />22–20 </td> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#FDF5E6; font-size:100%;"><a href="/wiki/Hassuna_culture" title="Hassuna culture">Hassuna</a> Late<br /><br /><a href="/wiki/Tepe_Gawra" title="Tepe Gawra">Gawra</a> 20 </td> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#FDF5E6; font-size:100%;"><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tepe_Sabz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tepe Sabz (page does not exist)">Tepe Sabz</a> </td> <td rowspan="34" style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#FDF5E6; font-size:100%;"><a href="/wiki/Kul_Tepe_Jolfa" title="Kul Tepe Jolfa">Kul Tepe Jolfa</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th style="vertical-align:bottom; border-bottom:0px; border-top:0px"><span style="position:relative;top:1em">4500</span> </th> <td rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#FDF5E6; font-size:100%;"><br />Amuq D </td> <td rowspan="2" style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#FDF5E6; font-size:100%;">Gian Hasan<br /><a href="/wiki/Mersin" title="Mersin">Mersin</a><br />19–17 </td> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#FDF5E6; font-size:100%;"><a href="/wiki/Ubaid_period" title="Ubaid period">Ubaid</a> 3 </td> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#FDF5E6; font-size:100%;"><a href="/wiki/Ubaid_period" title="Ubaid period">Ubaid</a> 3<br />(<a href="/wiki/Tepe_Gawra" title="Tepe Gawra">Gawra</a>)<br />19–18 </td> <td colspan="2" style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#FDF5E6; font-size:100%;"><a href="/wiki/Ubaid_period" title="Ubaid period">Ubaid</a> 3 </td> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#FDF5E6; font-size:100%;"><a href="/wiki/Khazineh" title="Khazineh">Khazineh</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Susiana" class="mw-redirect" title="Susiana">Susiana</a> B </td></tr> <tr> <th style="vertical-align:bottom; border-bottom:0px; border-top:0px"><br /><span style="position:relative;top:1em">3800</span> </th> <td style="text-align:center; background:#FDF5E6; font-size:100%;"><a href="/wiki/Badarian_culture" title="Badarian culture">Badarian</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Naqada_culture" title="Naqada culture">Naqada</a> </td> <td colspan="5" style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; background:#FDF5E6; font-size:100%;"><a href="/wiki/Ubaid_period" title="Ubaid period">Ubaid</a> 4 </td></tr> <tr> <th style="vertical-align:bottom; border-bottom:0px; border-top:0px"> </th> <td style="text-align:center; background:#FDF5E6; font-size:100%;" colspan="8"><i>Succeeded by: <a href="/wiki/Template:Rulers_of_the_Ancient_Near_East" title="Template:Rulers of the Ancient Near East">Historical Ancient Near East</a></i> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q242148#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q242148#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q242148#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" 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class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/304475334">Pleiades</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mehrgarh&oldid=1252099810">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mehrgarh&oldid=1252099810</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Cultural_heritage_sites_in_Balochistan,_Pakistan" 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