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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Origin_and_toponymy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Origin_and_toponymy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Origin and toponymy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Origin_and_toponymy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography_of_the_ancient_parish" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography_of_the_ancient_parish"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Geography of the ancient parish</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geography_of_the_ancient_parish-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Administrative_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Administrative_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Administrative history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Administrative_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Early_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Early history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Early_development" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_development"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4.1</span> <span>Early development</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_development-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Whitechapel_Mount" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Whitechapel_Mount"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4.2</span> <span>Whitechapel Mount</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Whitechapel_Mount-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Davenant_Foundation_School" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Davenant_Foundation_School"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4.3</span> <span>Davenant Foundation School</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Davenant_Foundation_School-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Royal_London_Hospital" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Royal_London_Hospital"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4.4</span> <span>Royal London Hospital</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Royal_London_Hospital-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-18th_and_19th_centuries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#18th_and_19th_centuries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>18th and 19th centuries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-18th_and_19th_centuries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-20th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#20th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>20th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-20th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-21st_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#21st_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7</span> <span>21st century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-21st_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Governance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Governance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Governance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Governance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_literature" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_literature"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>In literature</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_literature-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Transport</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Transport-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Transport subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Current_railway_stations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Current_railway_stations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Current railway stations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Current_railway_stations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Historic_railway_stations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historic_railway_stations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Historic railway stations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Historic_railway_stations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_modes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_modes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Other modes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_modes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nearest_places" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nearest_places"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Nearest places</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nearest_places-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_natives_or_residents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_natives_or_residents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Notable natives or residents</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notable_natives_or_residents-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Notable natives or residents subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Notable_natives_or_residents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Born_in_Whitechapel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Born_in_Whitechapel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Born in Whitechapel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Born_in_Whitechapel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Resident_in_or_otherwise_associated_with_Whitechapel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Resident_in_or_otherwise_associated_with_Whitechapel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Resident in or otherwise associated with Whitechapel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Resident_in_or_otherwise_associated_with_Whitechapel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Future_developments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Future_developments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Future developments</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Future_developments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Whitechapel</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 37 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-37" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">37 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%AA_%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%84" title="وايت تشابل – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="وايت تشابل" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AA%E2%80%8C%DA%86%D9%BE%D9%84%D8%8C_%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86" title="وایت‌چپل، لندن – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="وایت‌چپل، لندن" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%82%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%8A%D0%BB" title="Уайтчапъл – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Уайтчапъл" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whitechapel" title="Whitechapel – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Whitechapel" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whitechapel" title="Whitechapel – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Whitechapel" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whitechapel" title="Whitechapel – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Whitechapel" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whitechapel" title="Whitechapel – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Whitechapel" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whitechapel_(London)" title="Whitechapel (London) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Whitechapel (London)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whitechapel" title="Whitechapel – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Whitechapel" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whitechapel" title="Whitechapel – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Whitechapel" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AA%E2%80%8C%DA%86%D9%BE%D9%84%D8%8C_%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%86" title="وایت‌چپل، لندن – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="وایت‌چپل، لندن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whitechapel" title="Whitechapel – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Whitechapel" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whitechapel" title="Whitechapel – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Whitechapel" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%99%94%EC%9D%B4%ED%8A%B8%EC%B1%84%ED%94%8C" title="화이트채플 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="화이트채플" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B2" title="ह्वाइटचैपल – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ह्वाइटचैपल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whitechapel" title="Whitechapel – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Whitechapel" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%99%D7%99%D7%98%D7%A6%27%D7%90%D7%A4%D7%9C" title="וייטצ'אפל – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="וייטצ'אפל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whitechapel" title="Whitechapel – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Whitechapel" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whitechapel_(London)" title="Whitechapel (London) – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Whitechapel (London)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%AA_%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%84" title="وايت تشابل – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="وايت تشابل" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whitechapel_(wijk)" title="Whitechapel (wijk) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Whitechapel (wijk)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9B%E3%83%AF%E3%82%A4%E3%83%88%E3%83%81%E3%83%A3%E3%83%9A%E3%83%AB" title="ホワイトチャペル – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ホワイトチャペル" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whitechapel" title="Whitechapel – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Whitechapel" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whitechapel" title="Whitechapel – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Whitechapel" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whitechapel" title="Whitechapel – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Whitechapel" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%82%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Уайтчепел – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Уайтчепел" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whitechapel" title="Whitechapel – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Whitechapel" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%98%D1%82%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Вајтчепел – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Вајтчепел" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whitechapel" title="Whitechapel – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Whitechapel" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whitechapel" title="Whitechapel – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Whitechapel" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whitechapel" title="Whitechapel – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Whitechapel" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%82%D1%87%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Вайтчепел – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Вайтчепел" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%B9_%DA%86%DB%8C%D9%BE%D9%84" title="وائیٹ چیپل – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="وائیٹ چیپل" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whitechapel" title="Whitechapel – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Whitechapel" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E5%BA%99%E5%8C%BA" title="白庙区 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="白庙区" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E6%95%99%E5%A0%82" title="白教堂 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="白教堂" data-language-autonym="粵語" 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href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Whitechapel&params=51_30_59_N_0_4_9_W_region:GB_type:city(14862)"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">51°30′59″N</span> <span class="longitude">0°4′9″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">51.51639°N 0.06917°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">51.51639; -0.06917</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Area in London, England</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the East London district. For the deathcore band, see <a href="/wiki/Whitechapel_(band)" title="Whitechapel (band)">Whitechapel (band)</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Whitechapel_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Whitechapel (disambiguation)">Whitechapel (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Human settlement in England</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1165525471">.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place{border-collapse:collapse}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .infobox-label{width:40%}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .infobox-header{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .infobox-above{font-size:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place-other-names{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding-top:3px}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place td,.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedrow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-uk-place .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}</style><table class="infobox ib-uk-place vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org nowrap">Whitechapel</th></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Whitechapel_LU_roundel_totem_pole.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Whitechapel_LU_roundel_totem_pole.jpg/240px-Whitechapel_LU_roundel_totem_pole.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Whitechapel_LU_roundel_totem_pole.jpg/360px-Whitechapel_LU_roundel_totem_pole.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Whitechapel_LU_roundel_totem_pole.jpg/480px-Whitechapel_LU_roundel_totem_pole.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a></span><div>Entrance to Whitechapel station</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:240px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:240px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:240px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Greater_London_UK_location_map_2.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Whitechapel is located in Greater London"><img alt="Whitechapel is located in Greater London" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Greater_London_UK_location_map_2.svg/240px-Greater_London_UK_location_map_2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="240" height="192" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Greater_London_UK_location_map_2.svg/360px-Greater_London_UK_location_map_2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Greater_London_UK_location_map_2.svg/480px-Greater_London_UK_location_map_2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1425" data-file-height="1140" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:43.321%;left:53.28%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Whitechapel"><img alt="Whitechapel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Whitechapel</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location within <a href="/wiki/Greater_London" title="Greater London">Greater London</a></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Population</th><td class="infobox-data">14,862 (Whitechapel ward 2011)<sup id="cite_ref-pop_ref_london_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pop_ref_london-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Ordnance_Survey_National_Grid" title="Ordnance Survey National Grid">OS grid reference</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bing.com/maps/?mkt=en-gb&v=2&cp=51.516645~-0.077388&lvl=13&sp=Point.51.516645_-0.077388_Whitechapel&sty=s&style=s">TQ335815</a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_England" title="Districts of England">London borough</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Tower_Hamlets" title="London Borough of Tower Hamlets">Tower Hamlets</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Ceremonial_counties_of_England" title="Ceremonial counties of England">Ceremonial county</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Greater_London" title="Greater London">Greater London</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_England" title="Regions of England">Region</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greater_London" title="Greater London">London</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow adr"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Countries_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Countries of the United Kingdom">Country</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="country-name"><a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Sovereign state</a></th><td class="infobox-data">United Kingdom</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Post_town" title="Post town">Post town</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/London_postal_district" title="London postal district">LONDON</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Postcodes_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Postcodes in the United Kingdom">Postcode district</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/E_postcode_area" title="E postcode area">E1</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Telephone numbers in the United Kingdom">Dialling code</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/020" title="020">020</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_law_enforcement_agencies_in_the_United_Kingdom,_Crown_Dependencies_and_British_Overseas_Territories" title="List of law enforcement agencies in the United Kingdom, Crown Dependencies and British Overseas Territories">Police</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Police" title="Metropolitan Police">Metropolitan</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Fire_services_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Fire services in the United Kingdom">Fire</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/London_Fire_Brigade" title="London Fire Brigade">London</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Emergency_medical_services_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Emergency medical services in the United Kingdom">Ambulance</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/London_Ambulance_Service" title="London Ambulance Service">London</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Constituencies_of_the_Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Constituencies of the Parliament of the United Kingdom">UK Parliament</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bethnal_Green_and_Stepney_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Bethnal Green and Stepney (UK Parliament constituency)">Bethnal Green and Stepney</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_London_Assembly_constituencies" title="List of London Assembly constituencies">London Assembly</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/City_and_East_(London_Assembly_constituency)" title="City and East (London Assembly constituency)">City and East</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below noprint nowrap"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"> <dl><dt><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">List of places</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_Kingdom_locations" title="List of United Kingdom locations">UK</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_places_in_England" title="List of places in England">England</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_places_in_London" title="List of places in London">London</a></dd></dl></div> <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Whitechapel&params=51_30_59_N_0_4_9_W_region:GB_type:city(14862)"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">51°30′59″N</span> <span class="longitude">0°4′9″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">51.51639°N 0.06917°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">51.51639; -0.06917</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Whitechapel</b> is an area in London, England, and is located in the <a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Tower_Hamlets" title="London Borough of Tower Hamlets">London Borough of Tower Hamlets</a>. It is in <a href="/wiki/East_London" title="East London">east London</a> and part of the <a href="/wiki/East_End_of_London" title="East End of London">East End</a>. It is the location of <a href="/wiki/Tower_Hamlets_Town_Hall" title="Tower Hamlets Town Hall">Tower Hamlets Town Hall</a> and therefore the borough town centre. Whitechapel is located 3.4 miles (5.5 km) east of <a href="/wiki/Charing_Cross" title="Charing Cross">Charing Cross</a>. </p><p>The district is primarily built around <a href="/wiki/Whitechapel_High_Street" title="Whitechapel High Street">Whitechapel High Street</a> and <a href="/wiki/Whitechapel_Road" title="Whitechapel Road">Whitechapel Road</a>, which extend from the <a href="/wiki/City_of_London" title="City of London">City of London</a> boundary to just east of <a href="/wiki/Whitechapel_station" title="Whitechapel station">Whitechapel station</a>. These two streets together form a section of the originally Roman Road from the <a href="/wiki/Aldgate" title="Aldgate">Aldgate</a> to <a href="/wiki/Colchester" title="Colchester">Colchester</a>, a route that later became known as the <i>Great Essex Road</i>. Population growth resulting from ribbon development along this route, led to the creation of the parish of Whitechapel, a daughter parish of <a href="/wiki/Stepney#Manor_and_Ancient_Parish" title="Stepney">Stepney</a>, from which it was separated, in the 14th century. </p><p>Whitechapel has a long history of having a high proportion of immigrants within the community. From the late 19th century until the late 20th century the area had a very high Jewish population, and it subsequently became a significant settlement for the <a href="/wiki/British_Bangladeshi" class="mw-redirect" title="British Bangladeshi">British Bangladeshi</a> community. Whitechapel and neighbouring <a href="/wiki/Spitalfields" title="Spitalfields">Spitalfields</a> were the locations of the infamous 11 <a href="/wiki/Whitechapel_murders" title="Whitechapel murders">Whitechapel murders</a> (1888–91), some of which were attributed to the unidentified <a href="/wiki/Serial_killer" title="Serial killer">serial killer</a> known as <a href="/wiki/Jack_the_Ripper" title="Jack the Ripper">Jack the Ripper</a>. These factors and others have led to Whitechapel being seen by many as the embodiment of London's East End, and for that reason it is often used to <a href="/wiki/East_End_literature" title="East End literature">represent the East End in art and literature</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Landmarks include Tower Hamlets Town Hall, the <a href="/wiki/Royal_London_Hospital" title="Royal London Hospital">Royal London Hospital</a> and the <a href="/wiki/East_London_Mosque" title="East London Mosque">East London Mosque</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Whitechapel&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Origin_and_toponymy">Origin and toponymy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Whitechapel&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Origin and toponymy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Stepney_Civil_Parish_Map_1870.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Stepney_Civil_Parish_Map_1870.png/250px-Stepney_Civil_Parish_Map_1870.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="261" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Stepney_Civil_Parish_Map_1870.png/375px-Stepney_Civil_Parish_Map_1870.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Stepney_Civil_Parish_Map_1870.png/500px-Stepney_Civil_Parish_Map_1870.png 2x" data-file-width="8701" data-file-height="9067" /></a><figcaption>The daughter-parishes of Stepney that would evolve into the modern <a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Tower_Hamlets" title="London Borough of Tower Hamlets">London Borough of Tower Hamlets</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Whitechapel was originally part of the <a href="/wiki/Stepney#Manor_and_Ancient_Parish" title="Stepney">Manor and Parish of Stepney</a>, but population growth resulting from its position just outside the <a href="/wiki/Aldgate" title="Aldgate">Aldgate</a> on the Roman Road to <a href="/wiki/Essex" title="Essex">Essex</a> resulted in significant population growth, so a <a href="/wiki/Chapel_of_ease" title="Chapel of ease">chapel of ease</a>, dedicated to <a href="/wiki/St_Mary" class="mw-redirect" title="St Mary">St Mary</a> was established so people did not have to make the longer journey to Stepney's parish church <a href="/wiki/St_Dunstan%27s,_Stepney" title="St Dunstan's, Stepney">St Dunstans</a>. The earliest known rector was Hugh de Fulbourne in 1329. </p><p>Whitechapel takes its name from that church, <a href="/wiki/St_Mary_Matfelon" title="St Mary Matfelon">St Mary Matfelon</a>, which like the nearby <a href="/wiki/White_Tower_(Tower_of_London)" title="White Tower (Tower of London)">White Tower</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Tower_of_London" title="Tower of London">Tower of London</a> was at one time whitewashed to give it a prominent and attractive appearance. The etymology of the <i>Matfelon</i> element is unclear and apparently unique. </p><p>Around 1338, Whitechapel became an independent parish, with <i>St Mary Matfelon</i>, originally a <a href="/wiki/Chapel_of_ease" title="Chapel of ease">chapel of ease</a> within Stepney, becoming the parish church. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Geography_of_the_ancient_parish">Geography of the ancient parish</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Whitechapel&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Geography of the ancient parish"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Whitechapel's spine is the old Roman Road, that ran from the <a href="/wiki/Aldgate" title="Aldgate">Aldgate</a> on <a href="/wiki/London_Wall" title="London Wall">London's Wall</a>, to <a href="/wiki/Colchester" title="Colchester">Colchester</a> in <a href="/wiki/Essex" title="Essex">Essex</a> (<a href="/wiki/Roman_Britain" title="Roman Britain">Roman Britannia's</a> first capital), and beyond. This road, which was later named the <i>Great Essex Road</i>, is now designated the <a href="/wiki/A11_road_(Great_Britain)" class="mw-redirect" title="A11 road (Great Britain)">A11</a>. This historic route has the names Whitechapel High Street and Whitechapel Road as it passes through, or along the boundary, of Whitechapel.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For many centuries travellers to and from London on this route were accommodated at the many <a href="/wiki/Coaching_inns" class="mw-redirect" title="Coaching inns">coaching inns</a> which lined Whitechapel High Street.<sup id="cite_ref-Christopher_Hibbert_1983_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Christopher_Hibbert_1983-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The area of the parish extended around 1400 metres from the City of London boundary, originally marked by <i>Aldgate Bars</i> around 180 metres east of the <a href="/wiki/Aldgate" title="Aldgate">Aldgate</a> itself, to vicinity of the junction with Cambridge Heath Road where it met the boundaries of <a href="/wiki/Mile_End" title="Mile End">Mile End</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bethnal_Green" title="Bethnal Green">Bethnal Green</a>. </p><p>The northern boundary included Wentworth Street and parts of Old Montague Street. The parish also included an area around <a href="/wiki/Goodman%27s_Fields_Theatre" title="Goodman's Fields Theatre">Goodman's Fields</a>, close to the City and south of St Mary's, the parish church. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Administrative_history">Administrative history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Whitechapel&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Administrative history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Stepney_Met._B_Ward_Map_1916.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Stepney_Met._B_Ward_Map_1916.svg/220px-Stepney_Met._B_Ward_Map_1916.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Stepney_Met._B_Ward_Map_1916.svg/330px-Stepney_Met._B_Ward_Map_1916.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Stepney_Met._B_Ward_Map_1916.svg/440px-Stepney_Met._B_Ward_Map_1916.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1265" data-file-height="1028" /></a><figcaption>The parish of Whitechapel formed three of the wards, in the Metropolitan Borough of Stepney, which was created in 1900.</figcaption></figure> <p>The area became an independent parish around 1338. At that time parish areas only had an ecclesiastical (church) function, with parallel civil parishes being formed in the Tudor period. The original purpose of the civil parishes was poor relief. The area was part of the <a href="/wiki/Historic_counties_of_England" title="Historic counties of England">historic (or ancient) county</a> of <a href="/wiki/Middlesex" title="Middlesex">Middlesex</a>, but military and most (or all) civil county functions were managed more locally, by the <a href="/wiki/Tower_division" class="mw-redirect" title="Tower division">Tower Division (also known as the Tower Hamlets)</a>. </p><p>The role of the <i>Tower Division</i> ended when Whitechapel became part of the new <a href="/wiki/County_of_London" title="County of London">County of London</a> in 1889, and most civil parish functions were removed when the area joined the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Borough_of_Stepney" title="Metropolitan Borough of Stepney">Metropolitan Borough of Stepney</a> in 1900. </p><p>In 1965 there was a further round of changes when the <i>Metropolitan Borough of Stepney</i> merged with the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Borough_of_Bethnal_Green" title="Metropolitan Borough of Bethnal Green">Metropolitan Borough of Bethnal Green</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Borough_of_Poplar" title="Metropolitan Borough of Poplar">Metropolitan Borough of Poplar</a> to form the new <a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Tower_Hamlets" title="London Borough of Tower Hamlets">London Borough of Tower Hamlets</a>. The new borough of Tower Hamlets covered only part of the historic Tower Division (or Tower Hamlets). At the same time, the area became part of the new <a href="/wiki/Greater_London" title="Greater London">Greater London</a>, which replaced the older, smaller <i>County of London</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_history">Early history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Whitechapel&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Early history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Whitechapel_High_Street_1905.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Whitechapel_High_Street_1905.JPG/220px-Whitechapel_High_Street_1905.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Whitechapel_High_Street_1905.JPG/330px-Whitechapel_High_Street_1905.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Whitechapel_High_Street_1905.JPG/440px-Whitechapel_High_Street_1905.JPG 2x" data-file-width="520" data-file-height="381" /></a><figcaption>Whitechapel High Street, and St Mary Matfelon, in 1905</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Early_development">Early development</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Whitechapel&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Early development"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Whitechapel, along with areas such as neighbouring <a href="/wiki/Shoreditch" title="Shoreditch">Shoreditch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Holborn" title="Holborn">Holborn</a> (west of the city) and Southwark (south of the Thames), was one of London's earlier extra-mural suburbs. Beyond controls of the <a href="/wiki/City_of_London_Corporation" title="City of London Corporation">City of London Corporation</a>, Whitechapel was used for more polluting and land-intensive industries the city market demanded, such as tanneries, builders' goods yards, laundries, clothes dyers, <a href="/wiki/Slaughterhouse" title="Slaughterhouse">slaughterhouse</a>-related work, soaperies, and breweries. Whitechapel was strongly notable for foundries, foremost of which was the <a href="/wiki/Whitechapel_Bell_Foundry" title="Whitechapel Bell Foundry">Whitechapel Bell Foundry</a>, which later cast <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Liberty_Bell" title="Liberty Bell">Liberty Bell</a>, Westminster's <a href="/wiki/Clock_Tower,_Palace_of_Westminster" class="mw-redirect" title="Clock Tower, Palace of Westminster">Big Ben</a>, <a href="/wiki/St_Mary-le-Bow" title="St Mary-le-Bow">Bow Bells</a> and more recently the London <a href="/wiki/Olympic_Bell" title="Olympic Bell">Olympic Bell</a> in 2012. Population shifts from rural areas to London from the 17th century to the mid-19th century resulted in great numbers of more or less destitute people taking up residence amidst the industries, businesses and services ancillary to the <a href="/wiki/City_of_London" title="City of London">City of London</a> that had attracted them. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Whitechapel_Mount">Whitechapel Mount</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Whitechapel&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Whitechapel Mount"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Whitechapel_Mount" title="Whitechapel Mount">Whitechapel Mount</a></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Whitechapel_Mount" title="Whitechapel Mount">Whitechapel Mount</a> was a large, probably artificial mound, of unknown origin, that stood on the south side of Whitechapel Road, about 1200 metres east of the <a href="/wiki/Aldgate" title="Aldgate">Aldgate</a>, immediately west of the modern Royal London Hospital. The Mount is widely believed to have formed part of London's defences during the <a href="/wiki/Wars_of_the_Three_Kingdoms" title="Wars of the Three Kingdoms">Wars of the Three Kingdoms</a> in the mid-17th century. This was either as part of a ring of fortifications known as the <a href="/wiki/Lines_of_Communication_(London)" title="Lines of Communication (London)">Lines of Communication</a> which were in operation from 1642 to 1647,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or additionally or alternatively, as one of the three forts which replaced that system of defence immediately afterwards. </p><p>The mount was removed to allow residential development in 1807–1808. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_London_Hospital,_Whitechapel;_seen_from_the_northern_sid_Wellcome_L0002107.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/The_London_Hospital%2C_Whitechapel%3B_seen_from_the_northern_sid_Wellcome_L0002107.jpg/220px-The_London_Hospital%2C_Whitechapel%3B_seen_from_the_northern_sid_Wellcome_L0002107.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/The_London_Hospital%2C_Whitechapel%3B_seen_from_the_northern_sid_Wellcome_L0002107.jpg/330px-The_London_Hospital%2C_Whitechapel%3B_seen_from_the_northern_sid_Wellcome_L0002107.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/The_London_Hospital%2C_Whitechapel%3B_seen_from_the_northern_sid_Wellcome_L0002107.jpg/440px-The_London_Hospital%2C_Whitechapel%3B_seen_from_the_northern_sid_Wellcome_L0002107.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1584" data-file-height="1194" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/London_Hospital" class="mw-redirect" title="London Hospital">London Hospital</a>, Whitechapel in 1753. The <a href="/wiki/Whitechapel_Mount" title="Whitechapel Mount">Whitechapel Mount</a> stands immediately to the right (west).</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Davenant_Foundation_School">Davenant Foundation School</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Whitechapel&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Davenant Foundation School"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Davenant_Foundation_School" title="Davenant Foundation School">Davenant Foundation School</a> and <a href="/wiki/Davenant_Centre" title="Davenant Centre">Davenant Centre</a></div> <p>In 1680, <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Davenant" title="Ralph Davenant">Ralph Davenant</a> (rector of the parish of Whitechapel), his wife and his sister-in-law bequeathed a large sum for a schoolmaster to teach literacy, numeracy and the "principles of the Church of England" to forty boys of the parish. In the same deed Henry and Sarah Gullifer undertook to provide for the education of thirty poor girls; namely a schoolmistress was to teach them the "catechism, reading, knitting, plain sewing, and any other useful work".<sup id="cite_ref-davenant_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-davenant-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1701 an unknown donor gave the foundation £1,000 (equivalent to £190,000 in 2023) so the children might be suitably clothed as well as educated.<sup id="cite_ref-davenant_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-davenant-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Between 1783 and 1830 the school received twenty gifts totalling over £5,000.<sup id="cite_ref-davenant_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-davenant-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Typical income seems to have been about £500 per year, which was much more than most vicar's and rector's livings, net.<sup id="cite_ref-davenant_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-davenant-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Supporting modern education, the <a href="/wiki/Davenant_Centre" title="Davenant Centre">Davenant Centre</a> continues and the <a href="/wiki/Davenant_Foundation_School" title="Davenant Foundation School">Davenant Foundation School</a> has, since 1966, been based at <a href="/wiki/Loughton" title="Loughton">Loughton</a> in <a href="/wiki/Essex" title="Essex">Essex</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-davenant_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-davenant-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Royal_London_Hospital">Royal London Hospital</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Whitechapel&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Royal London Hospital"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The London Infirmary was established as a <a href="/wiki/Voluntary_hospital" title="Voluntary hospital">voluntary hospital</a> in 1740, and within a year soon moved from <a href="/wiki/Finsbury" title="Finsbury">Finsbury</a> to Prescot Street, a very densely populated and deprived part of southern Whitechapel. Its aim was "The relief of all sick and diseased persons and, in particular, manufacturers, seamen in the merchant service and their wives and children". </p><p>The hospital moved to the then largely rural Whitechapel Road site in 1757, and was renamed the London Hospital. It became known as the <a href="/wiki/Royal_London_Hospital" title="Royal London Hospital">Royal London Hospital</a> on its 250th anniversary in 1990. The new building, adjacent to the old building it replaced, was opened in 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2023 the old hospital building became the new <a href="/wiki/Tower_Hamlets_Town_Hall" title="Tower Hamlets Town Hall">Tower Hamlets Town Hall</a>, replacing the <a href="/wiki/Mulberry_Place" title="Mulberry Place">Mulberry Place</a> site in <a href="/wiki/Poplar,_London" title="Poplar, London">Poplar</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="18th_and_19th_centuries">18th and 19th centuries</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Whitechapel&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: 18th and 19th centuries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In common with many other parts of the <a href="/wiki/East_End_of_London" title="East End of London">East End of London</a>, Whitechapel gained a reputation for severe poverty, overcrowding, and the social problems that came with it.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Booth_map_of_Whitechapel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Booth_map_of_Whitechapel.jpg/220px-Booth_map_of_Whitechapel.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="228" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Booth_map_of_Whitechapel.jpg/330px-Booth_map_of_Whitechapel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/Booth_map_of_Whitechapel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="417" data-file-height="432" /></a><figcaption>Part of Charles Booth's map of Whitechapel, 1889. The red areas are "middle-class"; the black areas are "semi-criminal".</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Booth_poverty_map_colour_key.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3c/Booth_poverty_map_colour_key.jpg" decoding="async" width="380" height="107" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="380" data-file-height="107" /></a><figcaption><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Colour key for Booth's <a href="/wiki/Poverty_map" title="Poverty map">poverty map</a>.</div></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/William_Booth" title="William Booth">William Booth</a> began his <i>Christian Revival Society</i>, preaching the gospel in a tent, erected in the <i>Friends Burial Ground</i>, Thomas Street, Whitechapel, in 1865. Others joined his <i>Christian Mission</i>, and on 7 August 1878 the <a href="/wiki/Salvation_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Salvation Army">Salvation Army</a> was formed at a meeting held at 272 Whitechapel Road.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A statue commemorates both his mission and his work in helping the poor.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Edward_VII_Whitechapel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Edward_VII_Whitechapel.jpg/220px-Edward_VII_Whitechapel.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Edward_VII_Whitechapel.jpg/330px-Edward_VII_Whitechapel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Edward_VII_Whitechapel.jpg/440px-Edward_VII_Whitechapel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="900" /></a><figcaption>Plaque commemorating King Edward VII, with the inscription "erected with subscriptions raised by Jewish inhabitants of East London 1911"</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%22The_London%22_-_geograph.org.uk_-_36866.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/%22The_London%22_-_geograph.org.uk_-_36866.jpg/220px-%22The_London%22_-_geograph.org.uk_-_36866.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/%22The_London%22_-_geograph.org.uk_-_36866.jpg/330px-%22The_London%22_-_geograph.org.uk_-_36866.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/%22The_London%22_-_geograph.org.uk_-_36866.jpg/440px-%22The_London%22_-_geograph.org.uk_-_36866.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="482" /></a><figcaption>Royal London Hospital's old building from the 18th century</figcaption></figure> <p>The population grew quickly with migrants from the English countryside and further afield. Many of these incomers were Irish or Jewish. Western Whitechapel, and neighbouring areas of Wapping, became known as <i>Little Germany</i> due to the large numbers of German people who came to the area; many of these people, and their descendants, worked in the sugar industry. The <a href="/wiki/St_George%27s_German_Lutheran_Church" title="St George's German Lutheran Church">St George's German Lutheran Church</a> on <a href="/wiki/Alie_Street" title="Alie Street">Alie Street</a> is a legacy of that part of the community.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Writing of the period 1883–1884, <a href="/wiki/Yiddish_theatre" title="Yiddish theatre">Yiddish theatre</a> actor <a href="/wiki/Jacob_Pavlovich_Adler" title="Jacob Pavlovich Adler">Jacob Adler</a> wrote, "The further we penetrated into this Whitechapel, the more our hearts sank. Was this London? Never in Russia, never later in the worst slums of New York, were we to see such poverty as in the London of the 1880s."<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This endemic poverty drove many women to prostitution. In October 1888 the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Police" title="Metropolitan Police">Metropolitan Police</a> estimated that there were 1,200 prostitutes "of very low class" resident in Whitechapel and about 62 brothels.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Reference is specifically made to them in <a href="/wiki/Charles_Booth_(philanthropist)" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles Booth (philanthropist)">Charles Booth</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Life_and_Labour_of_the_People_in_London" title="Life and Labour of the People in London">Life and Labour of the People in London</a></i>, especially to dwellings called <a href="/wiki/Blackwall_Buildings" title="Blackwall Buildings">Blackwall Buildings</a> belonging to Blackwall Railway. Such prostitutes were numbered amongst the 11 <a href="/wiki/Whitechapel_murders" title="Whitechapel murders">Whitechapel murders</a> (1888–91), some of which were committed by the legendary serial killer known as "<a href="/wiki/Jack_the_Ripper" title="Jack the Ripper">Jack the Ripper</a>". These attacks caused widespread terror in the district and throughout the country and drew the attention of social reformers to the squalor and vice of the area, even though these crimes remain unsolved today.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/London_County_Council" title="London County Council">London County Council</a>, founded 1889, helped deliver investment in new housing and <a href="/wiki/Slum_clearance_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Slum clearance in the United Kingdom">slum clearance</a>; objectives which were a popular cause at the time. </p><p>The "Elephant Man" <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Merrick" title="Joseph Merrick">Joseph Merrick</a> (1862–1890) became well known in Whitechapel – he was exhibited in a shop on the Whitechapel Road before being helped by <a href="/wiki/Sir_Frederick_Treves,_1st_Baronet" title="Sir Frederick Treves, 1st Baronet">Frederick Treves</a> (1853–1923) at the <a href="/wiki/Royal_London_Hospital" title="Royal London Hospital">Royal London Hospital</a>, opposite the actual shop. There is a museum in the hospital about his life.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="20th_century">20th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Whitechapel&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: 20th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1902, American author <a href="/wiki/Jack_London" title="Jack London">Jack London</a>, looking to write a counterpart to <a href="/wiki/Jacob_Riis" title="Jacob Riis">Jacob Riis</a>'s seminal book <i><a href="/wiki/How_the_Other_Half_Lives" title="How the Other Half Lives">How the Other Half Lives</a></i>, donned ragged clothes and boarded in Whitechapel, detailing his experiences in <i><a href="/wiki/The_People_of_the_Abyss" title="The People of the Abyss">The People of the Abyss</a></i>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Winston_Churchill_at_the_Siege_of_Sidney_Street,_3_January_1911.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Winston_Churchill_at_the_Siege_of_Sidney_Street%2C_3_January_1911.jpeg/220px-Winston_Churchill_at_the_Siege_of_Sidney_Street%2C_3_January_1911.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Winston_Churchill_at_the_Siege_of_Sidney_Street%2C_3_January_1911.jpeg/330px-Winston_Churchill_at_the_Siege_of_Sidney_Street%2C_3_January_1911.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Winston_Churchill_at_the_Siege_of_Sidney_Street%2C_3_January_1911.jpeg/440px-Winston_Churchill_at_the_Siege_of_Sidney_Street%2C_3_January_1911.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="1196" data-file-height="897" /></a><figcaption>Home Secretary Churchill observing the events at Sidney Street, Whitechapel</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Sidney_Street" title="Siege of Sidney Street">Siege of Sidney Street</a> (also known as the <i>Battle of Stepney</i>, after the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Borough_of_Stepney" title="Metropolitan Borough of Stepney">Metropolitan Borough of Stepney</a> of which Whitechapel was part) in January 1911 was a gunfight between police and military forces, and Latvian revolutionaries. Then Home Secretary <a href="/wiki/Winston_Churchill" title="Winston Churchill">Winston Churchill</a> took over the operation, and his presence caused a political row over the level of his involvement during the time. His biographers disagreed and claimed that he gave no operational commands to the police,<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but a Metropolitan Police account states that the events of Sidney Street were "a very rare case of a Home Secretary taking police operational command decisions".<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Freedom_Press" title="Freedom Press">Freedom Press</a>, a socialist publishing house, thought it worthwhile to explore conditions in the leading city of the nation that had invented modern capitalism. He concluded that English poverty was far rougher than the American variety. The juxtaposition of the poverty, homelessness, exploitative work conditions, prostitution, and infant mortality of Whitechapel and other East End locales with some of the greatest personal wealth the world has ever seen made it a focal point for leftist reformers and revolutionaries of all kinds, from <a href="/wiki/George_Bernard_Shaw" title="George Bernard Shaw">George Bernard Shaw</a>, whose <a href="/wiki/Fabian_Society" title="Fabian Society">Fabian Society</a> met regularly in Whitechapel, to <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Lenin" title="Vladimir Lenin">Vladimir Lenin</a>, led rallies in Whitechapel during his exile from Russia.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The area is still home to Freedom Press, the anarchist publishing house founded by <a href="/wiki/Charlotte_Wilson" title="Charlotte Wilson">Charlotte Wilson</a>. </p><p>On Sunday 4 October 1936, the <a href="/wiki/British_Union_of_Fascists" title="British Union of Fascists">British Union of Fascists</a> led by <a href="/wiki/Oswald_Mosley" title="Oswald Mosley">Oswald Mosley</a>, intended to march through the East End, an area with a large Jewish population. The BUF mustered on and around <a href="/wiki/Tower_Hill" title="Tower Hill">Tower Hill</a> and hundreds of thousands of local people turned out to block the march. There were violent clashes with the BUF around Tower Hill, but most of the violence occurred as police tried to clear a route through the crowds for the BUF to follow. </p><p>The police fought protesters at nearby <a href="/wiki/Cable_Street" title="Cable Street">Cable Street</a> – the series of clashes becoming known as the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Cable_Street" title="Battle of Cable Street">Battle of Cable Street</a> – and Tower Hill, but the largest confrontations took place at <a href="/wiki/Aldgate" title="Aldgate">Aldgate</a> and Whitechapel, notably at <a href="/wiki/Gardiner%27s_(department_store)" title="Gardiner's (department store)">Gardiner's Corner</a>, at the junction of <a href="/wiki/Leman_Street" title="Leman Street">Leman Street</a>, <a href="/wiki/Commercial_Street,_London" title="Commercial Street, London">Commercial Street</a> and <a href="/wiki/Whitechapel_High_Street" title="Whitechapel High Street">Whitechapel High Street</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Guardian_newspaper_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guardian_newspaper-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Halal restaurant on the junction of St Mark Street and <a href="/wiki/Alie_Street" title="Alie Street">Alie Street</a> opened in 1939 to serve the many Indian seamen living in the area. It is now the oldest Indian restaurant in East London.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Whitechapel_Marker.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Whitechapel_Marker.jpg/220px-Whitechapel_Marker.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Whitechapel_Marker.jpg/330px-Whitechapel_Marker.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Whitechapel_Marker.jpg/440px-Whitechapel_Marker.jpg 2x" data-file-width="992" data-file-height="782" /></a><figcaption>Whitechapel was the centre of British Jewish refugee immigrant life in the late 19th and early 20th century.</figcaption></figure> <p>Whitechapel remained poor through the first half of the 20th century, though somewhat less desperately so. It suffered great damage from enemy bombers during <a href="/wiki/The_Blitz" title="The Blitz">the Blitz</a>, and from the subsequent <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">German</a> <a href="/wiki/V-weapons" title="V-weapons">V-weapon</a> attacks. The parish church, <a href="/wiki/St_Mary_Matfelon" title="St Mary Matfelon">St Mary Matfelon</a>, was badly damaged in a raid on 29 December 1940, a raid so damaging that it caused the <a href="/wiki/Second_Great_Fire_of_London" title="Second Great Fire of London">Second Great Fire of London</a>. </p><p>The remains were demolished in 1952. St Mary's traced stone footprint and former graveyard remain, as part of <a href="/wiki/Altab_Ali_Park" title="Altab Ali Park">Altab Ali Park</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Christopher_Hibbert_1983_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Christopher_Hibbert_1983-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 4 May 1978, three teenagers murdered <a href="/wiki/Altab_Ali" title="Altab Ali">Altab Ali</a>, a 24 year old Bangladesh-born clothing worker, in a racially motivated attack, as he walked home after work. The attack took place on Adler Street, by St Mary's Churchyard, where St Mary Matfelon had previously stood. The reaction to his murder provoked the mass mobilisation of the local Bengali community. The gardens of the former churchyard were later renamed <a href="/wiki/Altab_Ali_Park" title="Altab Ali Park">Altab Ali Park</a> in his memory.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_line" title="Metropolitan line">Metropolitan line</a> between Hammersmith and Whitechapel was withdrawn in 1990 and shown separately as a new line called the <a href="/wiki/Hammersmith_%26_City_line" title="Hammersmith & City line">Hammersmith & City line</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-T90_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-T90-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="21st_century">21st century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Whitechapel&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: 21st century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Whitechapel_Station.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Whitechapel_Station.jpg/220px-Whitechapel_Station.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Whitechapel_Station.jpg/330px-Whitechapel_Station.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Whitechapel_Station.jpg/440px-Whitechapel_Station.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>Bengali signage on <a href="/wiki/Whitechapel_station" title="Whitechapel station">Whitechapel station</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Crossrail" title="Crossrail">Crossrail</a> calls at Whitechapel station<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> on the <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_line" title="Elizabeth line">Elizabeth line</a>. Eastbound services will be split into two branches after leaving the historic station which underwent a massive redevelopment that started in 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In order to prepare for Crossrail, in January 2016, the old Whitechapel station was closed for refurbishment and modernisation work in order to improve services and increase capacity in the station.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Royal London Hospital was closed and re-opened behind the original site in 2012 in a brand new building costing £650m.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The old site was then repurchased by the local council to open a new town hall,<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> replacing the existing Town Hall at Mulberry Place. </p><p>In March 2022, <a href="/wiki/Whitechapel_station" title="Whitechapel station">Whitechapel station</a> signs had "হোয়াইটচ্যাপেল" in <a href="/wiki/Bengali_script" class="mw-redirect" title="Bengali script">Bengali</a> installed.<sup id="cite_ref-tha_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tha-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/British-Pakistani" class="mw-redirect" title="British-Pakistani">British-Pakistani</a> <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_London" title="Mayor of London">Mayor of London</a> <a href="/wiki/Sadiq_Khan" title="Sadiq Khan">Sadiq Khan</a> was "delighted" that the signage was installed ahead of <a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_(Bangladesh)" title="Independence Day (Bangladesh)">Bangladesh Independence Day</a> on 26 March.<sup id="cite_ref-tha_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tha-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The installation was attended by <a href="/wiki/Bangladeshis" title="Bangladeshis">Bangladeshi</a> diplomats and <a href="/wiki/Mamata_Banerjee" title="Mamata Banerjee">Mamata Banerjee</a>, the <a href="/wiki/List_of_chief_ministers_of_West_Bengal" title="List of chief ministers of West Bengal">Chief Minister</a> of <a href="/wiki/West_Bengal" title="West Bengal">West Bengal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Also in 2022 a historical marker was placed in Whitechapel, on the site of the former Adler House at the junction of Adler and Coke Streets by the <a href="/wiki/Jewish_American_Society_for_Historic_Preservation" title="Jewish American Society for Historic Preservation">Jewish American Society for Historic Preservation</a> UK Branch. Adler House was named in honour of the Chief Rabbi of the British Empire, Herman Adler, 1891–1911. The marker recognises the significance of Whitechapel as the centre of British Jewish refugee life in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Governance">Governance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Whitechapel&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Governance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Tower_Hamlets" title="London Borough of Tower Hamlets">London Borough of Tower Hamlets</a></div> <p>Local council facilities will be grouped within the old <a href="/wiki/Royal_London_Hospital" title="Royal London Hospital">Royal London Hospital</a> building as a civic centre. The local <a href="/wiki/Library" title="Library">library</a>, now called an <i>Idea Store</i> is located on <a href="/wiki/Whitechapel_Road" title="Whitechapel Road">Whitechapel Road</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Whitechapel&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Whitechapel_art_gallery_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Whitechapel_art_gallery_1.jpg/170px-Whitechapel_art_gallery_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Whitechapel_art_gallery_1.jpg/255px-Whitechapel_art_gallery_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Whitechapel_art_gallery_1.jpg/340px-Whitechapel_art_gallery_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="511" data-file-height="640" /></a><figcaption>The distinctive tiled frontage of the <a href="/wiki/Whitechapel_Art_Gallery" class="mw-redirect" title="Whitechapel Art Gallery">Whitechapel Art Gallery</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Aerial_view_of_East_London_Mosque_complex_-_Feb_2014.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Aerial_view_of_East_London_Mosque_complex_-_Feb_2014.jpg/220px-Aerial_view_of_East_London_Mosque_complex_-_Feb_2014.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Aerial_view_of_East_London_Mosque_complex_-_Feb_2014.jpg/330px-Aerial_view_of_East_London_Mosque_complex_-_Feb_2014.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Aerial_view_of_East_London_Mosque_complex_-_Feb_2014.jpg/440px-Aerial_view_of_East_London_Mosque_complex_-_Feb_2014.jpg 2x" data-file-width="953" data-file-height="567" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/East_London_Mosque" title="East London Mosque">East London Mosque</a> was one of the first in Britain to be allowed to use loudspeakers to broadcast the <a href="/wiki/Adhan" title="Adhan">adhan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>Whitechapel Road was the location of two 19th-century theatres: The Effingham (1834–1897) and <a href="/wiki/Pavilion_Theatre,_Whitechapel" title="Pavilion Theatre, Whitechapel">The Pavilion Theatre</a> (1828–1935; building demolished in 1962). <a href="/wiki/Charles_Dickens_Jr." title="Charles Dickens Jr.">Charles Dickens Jr.</a> (eldest child of <a href="/wiki/Charles_Dickens" title="Charles Dickens">Charles Dickens</a>), in his 1879 book <i><a href="/wiki/Dickens%27s_Dictionary_of_London" class="mw-redirect" title="Dickens's Dictionary of London">Dickens's Dictionary of London</a></i>, described the Pavilion this way: "A large East-end theatre capable of holding considerably over 3,000 persons. Melodrama of a rough type, farce, pantomime, <a href="/wiki/Et_cetera" title="Et cetera">&c.</a>"<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the early 20th century it became the home of Yiddish theatre, catering to the large Jewish population of the area, and gave birth to the Anglo-Jewish 'Whitechapel Boys' avant-garde literary and artistic movement. </p><p>Since at least the 1970s, Whitechapel and other nearby parts of East London have figured prominently in London's art scene. Probably the area's most prominent art venue is the <a href="/wiki/Whitechapel_Art_Gallery" class="mw-redirect" title="Whitechapel Art Gallery">Whitechapel Art Gallery</a>, founded in 1901 and long an outpost of high culture in a poor neighbourhood. As the neighbourhood has gentrified, it has gained citywide, and even international, visibility and support. From 2005 the gallery underwent a major expansion, with the support of £3.26 million from the Heritage Lottery Fund. The expanded facility opened in 2009. </p><p>Whitechapel in the early 21st century has figured prominently in London's punk rock and skuzz rock scenes, with the main focal point for this scene being Whitechapel Factory and Rhythm Factory bar, restaurant, and nightclub. This scene includes the likes of The Libertines, Zap!, <a href="/wiki/Nova_(Italian_band)" title="Nova (Italian band)">Nova</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Others_(band)" title="The Others (band)">The Others</a>, Razorlight, and The Rakes, all of whom have had some commercial success in the music charts. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Whitechapel_market.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Whitechapel_market.JPG/220px-Whitechapel_market.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Whitechapel_market.JPG/330px-Whitechapel_market.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Whitechapel_market.JPG/440px-Whitechapel_market.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1612" data-file-height="1124" /></a><figcaption>Whitechapel Street Market at night</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Demographics">Demographics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Whitechapel&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The total population of Whitechapel in 2021 was 18,841.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/British_Bangladeshi" class="mw-redirect" title="British Bangladeshi">Bangladeshis</a> are the largest ethnic group in the area, making up 40% of the Whitechapel ward total population.<sup id="cite_ref-BanPop_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BanPop-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/East_London_Mosque" title="East London Mosque">East London Mosque</a> at the end of Whitechapel Road is one of the largest mosques in Europe. The mosque group was established as early as 1910, and the demand for a mosque grew as the <a href="/wiki/Sylhet" title="Sylhet">Sylheti</a> community grew rapidly over the years. </p><p>In 1985 this large, purpose built mosque with a dome and minaret was built in the heart of Whitechapel, attracting thousands of worshippers every week, and it was further expanded with the <a href="/wiki/London_Muslim_Centre" class="mw-redirect" title="London Muslim Centre">London Muslim Centre</a> in 2004.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A library, the Whitechapel <a href="/wiki/Idea_Store" title="Idea Store">Idea Store</a>, constructed in 2005 at a cost of £12 million by <a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Verry&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Verry (page does not exist)">William Verry</a> to a design by <a href="/wiki/David_Adjaye" title="David Adjaye">David Adjaye</a>, was nominated for the 2006 <a href="/wiki/Stirling_Prize" title="Stirling Prize">Stirling Prize</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Whitechapel compared 2021<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/White_British" title="White British">White British</a> or <a href="/wiki/Other_White" title="Other White">Other White</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Asian_British" class="mw-redirect" title="Asian British">Asian</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Black_British" class="mw-redirect" title="Black British">Black</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Whitechapel Population 18,841 </td> <td>34.6% </td> <td>51.3% </td> <td>4.9% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Tower_Hamlets" title="London Borough of Tower Hamlets">London Borough of Tower Hamlets</a> </td> <td>39.4% </td> <td>44.4% </td> <td>7.3% </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_literature">In literature</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Whitechapel&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: In literature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bangla_lights_Whitechapel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Bangla_lights_Whitechapel.jpg/220px-Bangla_lights_Whitechapel.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Bangla_lights_Whitechapel.jpg/330px-Bangla_lights_Whitechapel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Bangla_lights_Whitechapel.jpg/440px-Bangla_lights_Whitechapel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>The Whitechapel Library with the word "<a href="/wiki/Bengali_language" title="Bengali language">বাংলা</a>" illuminated in its front.</figcaption></figure> <p>Whitechapel features in <a href="/wiki/Charles_Dickens" title="Charles Dickens">Charles Dickens</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Pickwick_Papers" class="mw-redirect" title="Pickwick Papers">Pickwick Papers</a></i> (chapter 22) as the location of the Bull Inn, where the Pickwickians take a coach to <a href="/wiki/Ipswich" title="Ipswich">Ipswich</a>. En route, driving along Whitechapel Road, <a href="/wiki/Sam_Weller_(fictional_character)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sam Weller (fictional character)">Sam Weller</a> opines that it is "not a wery nice neighbourhood" and notes the correlation between poverty and the abundance of oyster stalls here.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of <a href="/wiki/Fagin" title="Fagin">Fagin</a>'s dens in Dickens's <i><a href="/wiki/Oliver_Twist" title="Oliver Twist">Oliver Twist</a></i> was located in Whitechapel, and Fagin himself was possibly based on a notorious local <a href="/wiki/Fence_(criminal)" title="Fence (criminal)">'fence'</a> named <a href="/wiki/Ikey_Solomon" title="Ikey Solomon">Ikey Solomon</a> (1785–1850). </p><p>Whitechapel is also the setting of several novels by Jewish authors such as <i>Children of the Ghetto</i> and <i><a href="/wiki/The_King_of_Schnorrers" title="The King of Schnorrers">The King of Schnorrers</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Israel_Zangwill" title="Israel Zangwill">Israel Zangwill</a> and <i>Jew Boy</i> by <a href="/wiki/Simon_Blumenfeld" title="Simon Blumenfeld">Simon Blumenfeld</a>. Several chapters of <a href="/wiki/Sholem_Aleichem" title="Sholem Aleichem">Sholem Aleichem</a>'s classic <a href="/wiki/Yiddish" title="Yiddish">Yiddish</a> novel <i><a href="/wiki/Adventures_of_Mottel_the_Cantor%27s_Son" class="mw-redirect" title="Adventures of Mottel the Cantor's Son">Adventures of Mottel the Cantor's Son</a></i> take place in early 20th-century Whitechapel, depicted from the point of view of an impoverished East European Jewish family fleeing the pogroms. The novel <i><a href="/wiki/Journey_Through_a_Small_Planet" title="Journey Through a Small Planet">Journey Through a Small Planet</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Emanuel_Litvinoff" title="Emanuel Litvinoff">Emanuel Litvinoff</a> vividly describes Whitechapel and its Jewish inhabitants in the 1920s and 1930s. </p><p>The prostitute and daughter of a <a href="/wiki/Luddite" title="Luddite">Luddite</a> leader Sybil Gerard, main character of <a href="/wiki/William_Gibson" title="William Gibson">William Gibson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Sterling" title="Bruce Sterling">Bruce Sterling</a>'s novel <a href="/wiki/The_Difference_Engine" title="The Difference Engine">The Difference Engine</a> comes from Whitechapel. The novel's plot begins there. </p><p>One of the episodes in <a href="/wiki/Michael_Moorcock" title="Michael Moorcock">Michael Moorcock</a>'s novel <i><a href="/wiki/Breakfast_in_the_Ruins" title="Breakfast in the Ruins">Breakfast in the Ruins</a></i> takes place in 1905 Whitechapel, described from the point of view of an eleven year old <a href="/wiki/Polish_Jews" class="mw-redirect" title="Polish Jews">Jewish refugee from Poland</a>, working with his parents at a <a href="/wiki/Sweatshop" title="Sweatshop">sweatshop</a>, who is caught up in the deadly confrontation between Russian revolutionaries and agents of the <a href="/wiki/Okhrana" title="Okhrana">Czar's Secret Police</a>. </p><p><i>Brick Lane</i>, the 2003 novel by <a href="/wiki/Monica_Ali" title="Monica Ali">Monica Ali</a> is based in Whitechapel and documents the life of a young Bangladeshi woman's experience of living in <a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Tower_Hamlets" title="London Borough of Tower Hamlets">Tower Hamlets</a> in the 1990s and early 2000s. </p><p>Whitechapel is used as a location in most <a href="/wiki/Jack_the_Ripper_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Jack the Ripper fiction">Jack the Ripper fiction</a>. One such example is the bizarre <i>White Chappel Scarlet Tracings</i> (1987) by <a href="/wiki/Iain_Sinclair" title="Iain Sinclair">Iain Sinclair</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It also features as the setting for the science fiction <a href="/wiki/Webcomic" title="Webcomic">Webcomic</a> <i><a href="/wiki/FreakAngels" title="FreakAngels">FreakAngels</a></i>, written by popular comics writer <a href="/wiki/Warren_Ellis" title="Warren Ellis">Warren Ellis</a>. </p><p>Whitechapel is one of the worldwide locations referenced in <a href="/wiki/Edith_Piaf" class="mw-redirect" title="Edith Piaf">Edith Piaf</a>'s song <i>C'est à Hambourg</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.google.co.il/search?sxsrf=ALeKk02PwU2vEUrq71kz2idNxlAhbeJzjQ%3A1599481773385&ei=rSdWX7PdFofgkgXXtK6wCQ&q=edith+piaf+c%27est+a+hambourg+lyrics&oq=%22Edith+piaf%22+%2B+C%27est+%C3%80+Hamburg+lyrica&gs_lcp=CgZwc3ktYWIQARgAMgYIABAWEB46CAghEBYQHRAeOgYIABANEB5QkBhYoHFg8IABaABwAHgAgAGkAYgBiA6SAQQwLjEzmAEAoAECoAEBqgEHZ3dzLXdpesABAQ&sclient=psy-ab">[2]</a>, describing the harsh life of prostitutes. </p><p>In 2002, Whitechapel was used as the setting for a <a href="/wiki/Sherlock_Holmes" title="Sherlock Holmes">Sherlock Holmes</a> film, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Case_of_the_Whitechapel_Vampire" title="The Case of the Whitechapel Vampire">The Case of the Whitechapel Vampire</a></i>, based on the <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Conan_Doyle" title="Arthur Conan Doyle">Arthur Conan Doyle</a> story <i><a href="/wiki/The_Adventure_of_the_Sussex_Vampire" title="The Adventure of the Sussex Vampire">The Adventure of the Sussex Vampire</a></i>. </p><p>Whitechapel serves as the setting for the television series <i><a href="/wiki/Ripper_Street" title="Ripper Street">Ripper Street</a></i>, which aired 2013–2016. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Whitechapel&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_schools_in_the_London_Borough_of_Tower_Hamlets" title="List of schools in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets">List of schools in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transport">Transport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Whitechapel&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Current_railway_stations">Current railway stations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Whitechapel&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Current railway stations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Whitechapel has two underground stations: <a href="/wiki/Aldgate_East_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Aldgate East station">Aldgate East</a> and <a href="/wiki/Whitechapel_station" title="Whitechapel station">Whitechapel</a>. Aldgate East is served by the <a href="/wiki/District_line" title="District line">District line</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Hammersmith_%26_City_line" title="Hammersmith & City line">Hammersmith & City</a>. Whitechapel is also served by these lines, as well by the <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_line" title="Elizabeth line">Elizabeth line</a> and the East and South London lines of the <a href="/wiki/London_Overground" title="London Overground">London Overground</a>, soon to be renamed the Windrush line.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Historic_railway_stations">Historic railway stations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Whitechapel&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Historic railway stations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Whitechapel station was originally called <i>Whitechapel (Mile End)</i> to reflect its position just inside Whitechapel's boundary with <a href="/wiki/Mile_End" title="Mile End">Mile End</a> and also its boundary with Bethnal Green. </p><p>Aldgate East station was originally 150 metres west of its current location and there was once an additional district line station immediately east of the modern <a href="/wiki/East_London_Mosque" title="East London Mosque">East London Mosque</a> called <a href="/wiki/St_Mary%27s_(Whitechapel_Road)_tube_station" title="St Mary's (Whitechapel Road) tube station"><i>St Mary's (Whitechapel Road)</i></a>. </p><p>In the 1930s, Aldgate East station was relocated 150 metres east of its original position, meaning there would then be three stations in very close proximity; as a result, the railway economised by closing St Mary's, in the middle of the three stations. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_modes">Other modes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Whitechapel&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Other modes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/London_Buses" title="London Buses">London Buses</a> <a href="/wiki/London_Buses_route_15" title="London Buses route 15">15</a>, <a href="/wiki/London_Buses_route_25" title="London Buses route 25">25</a>, <a href="/wiki/London_Buses_route_106" class="mw-redirect" title="London Buses route 106">106</a>, <a href="/wiki/London_Buses_route_115" class="mw-redirect" title="London Buses route 115">115</a>, <a href="/wiki/London_Buses_route_135" title="London Buses route 135">135</a>, <a href="/wiki/London_Buses_route_205" title="London Buses route 205">205</a>, <a href="/wiki/London_Buses_route_254" class="mw-redirect" title="London Buses route 254">254</a>, <a href="/wiki/London_Buses_route_D3" class="mw-redirect" title="London Buses route D3">D3</a>, <a href="/wiki/London_Buses_route_N15" class="mw-redirect" title="London Buses route N15">N15</a>, <a href="/wiki/London_Buses_route_N205" class="mw-redirect" title="London Buses route N205">N205</a>, <a href="/wiki/London_Buses_route_N253" class="mw-redirect" title="London Buses route N253">N253</a>, <a href="/wiki/London_Buses_route_N550" class="mw-redirect" title="London Buses route N550">N550</a> and <a href="/wiki/London_Buses_route_N551" class="mw-redirect" title="London Buses route N551">N551</a> all operate within the area. </p><p>Whitechapel is connected to the <a href="/wiki/Roads_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Roads in the United Kingdom">National Road Network</a> by both the <a href="/wiki/A11_road_(Great_Britain)" class="mw-redirect" title="A11 road (Great Britain)">A11</a> on <a href="/wiki/Whitechapel_Road" title="Whitechapel Road">Whitechapel Road</a> in the centre and, to the south, the <a href="/wiki/A13_road_(Great_Britain)" class="mw-redirect" title="A13 road (Great Britain)">A13</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Highway_(London)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Highway (London)">The Highway</a> A1203 running east–west. </p><p><a href="/wiki/List_of_cycle_routes_in_London" title="List of cycle routes in London">Cycle Superhighway CS2</a> runs from <a href="/wiki/Aldgate" title="Aldgate">Aldgate</a> to <a href="/wiki/Stratford,_London" title="Stratford, London">Stratford</a> on the A11. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nearest_places">Nearest places</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Whitechapel&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Nearest places"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>Districts</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aldgate" title="Aldgate">Aldgate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bethnal_Green" title="Bethnal Green">Bethnal Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_London" title="City of London">City of London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Smithfield" title="East Smithfield">East Smithfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spitalfields" title="Spitalfields">Spitalfields</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tower_Hill" title="Tower Hill">Tower Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wapping" title="Wapping">Wapping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mile_End" title="Mile End">Mile End</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mile_End_New_Town" title="Mile End New Town">Mile End New Town</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 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.navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Neighbouring_areas_of_London." style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Adjacent_communities" title="Template:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Adjacent_communities" title="Template talk:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Adjacent_communities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Neighbouring_areas_of_London." style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><b>Neighbouring areas of London.</b></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><table role="presentation" style="width:100%; margin:0; text-align:center;"><tbody><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Spitalfields" title="Spitalfields">Spitalfields</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bethnal_Green" title="Bethnal Green">Bethnal Green</a> and Spitalfields</td> <td>Bethnal Green</td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="North"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/14px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/21px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/28px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td style="width:33%"><a href="/wiki/City_of_London" title="City of London">City of London</a></td> <td style="width:33%;"> <div style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span title="West"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/17px-Pfeil_links.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/25px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/34px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></span></span><b style="display:inline-block; vertical-align:middle; margin:0.75em 1em">Whitechapel</b><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span title="East"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/17px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/25px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/34px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td style="width:33%"><a href="/wiki/Stepney" title="Stepney">Stepney</a></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="South"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/14px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/21px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/28px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wapping" title="Wapping">Wapping</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Shadwell" title="Shadwell">Shadwell</a> and Wapping</td> <td>Stepney and Shadwell</td> </tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_natives_or_residents">Notable natives or residents</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Whitechapel&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Notable natives or residents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In addition to the prominent figures detailed in the article: </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Born_in_Whitechapel">Born in Whitechapel</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Whitechapel&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Born in Whitechapel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Damon_Albarn" title="Damon Albarn">Damon Albarn</a> – musician, lead singer of <a href="/wiki/Blur_(band)" title="Blur (band)">Blur</a> and co-creator of virtual cartoon rock band <a href="/wiki/Gorillaz" title="Gorillaz">Gorillaz</a>, born 1968<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julius_Stafford_Baker" title="Julius Stafford Baker">Julius Stafford Baker</a>, cartoonist<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_Beame" title="Abraham Beame">Abraham Beame</a>, first Jewish mayor of New York City, 1906–2001</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Kid_Berg" title="Jack Kid Berg">Jack Kid Berg</a>, boxer, "The Whitechapel Windmill", British Lightweight Champion 1934</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Black" title="Stanley Black">Stanley Black</a>, bandleader, 1913–2002.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Blumenfeld" title="Simon Blumenfeld">Simon Blumenfeld</a>, novelist, playwright and columnist, 1907–2005.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia_Brown_(English_singer)" title="Georgia Brown (English singer)">Georgia Brown</a> (born Lillian Klot), actress and singer, 1933–1992</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tina_Charles_(singer)" title="Tina Charles (singer)">Tina Charles</a>, 1970s disco artist, born 1954</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Cheyney" title="Peter Cheyney">Peter Cheyney</a>, mystery writer and journalist, 1896–1951</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Cohen_(businessman)" title="Jack Cohen (businessman)">Jack Cohen</a>, Anglo-Jewish businessman who founded the Tesco supermarket chain, 1898–1979</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashley_Cole" title="Ashley Cole">Ashley Cole</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chelsea_F.C." title="Chelsea F.C.">Chelsea</a> and <a href="/wiki/England_national_football_team" title="England national football team">England</a> footballer 1980</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Comer" title="Jack Comer">Jack "Spot" Comer</a>, Jewish gangster and anti-Fascist, 1912–1996</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Delgado" title="Roger Delgado">Roger Delgado</a>, actor (known for playing "The Master" in <i>Doctor Who</i>), 1918–1973</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Doyley" title="Lloyd Doyley">Lloyd Doyley</a>, footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bud_Flanagan" title="Bud Flanagan">Bud Flanagan</a> (born Chaim Reuven Weintrop), music hall comedian on stage, radio, film and television, 1896–1968</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micky_Flanagan" title="Micky Flanagan">Micky Flanagan</a>, comedian</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kemal_Izzet" title="Kemal Izzet">Kemal Izzet</a>, footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muzzy_Izzet" title="Muzzy Izzet">Muzzy Izzet</a>, footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenney_Jones" title="Kenney Jones">Kenney Jones</a>, drummer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morris_Kestelman" title="Morris Kestelman">Morris Kestelman</a>, artist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sydney_Kyte" title="Sydney Kyte">Sydney Kyte</a>, bandleader, 1896–1981<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Lee_(English_footballer)" title="Charlie Lee (English footballer)">Charlie Lee</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leyton_Orient_F.C." title="Leyton Orient F.C.">Leyton Orient</a> footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emanuel_Litvinoff" title="Emanuel Litvinoff">Emanuel Litvinoff</a>, Anglo-Jewish author of <i><a href="/wiki/Journey_Through_a_Small_Planet" title="Journey Through a Small Planet">Journey Through a Small Planet</a></i></li> <li>Margaret Pepys (née Kite), mother of diarist <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Pepys" title="Samuel Pepys">Samuel Pepys</a>, d. 1667</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brendan_Perry" title="Brendan Perry">Brendan Perry</a>, founding member of music group <a href="/wiki/Dead_Can_Dance" title="Dead Can Dance">Dead Can Dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ella_Purnell" title="Ella Purnell">Ella Purnell</a>, actress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abe_Saperstein" title="Abe Saperstein">Abe Saperstein</a>, founder of the <a href="/wiki/Harlem_Globetrotters" title="Harlem Globetrotters">Harlem Globetrotters</a> basketball team</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barry_Silkman" title="Barry Silkman">Barry Silkman</a> (born 1952), footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Taylor_(cricketer)" title="Sarah Taylor (cricketer)">Sarah Taylor</a>, cricketer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Tilvern" title="Alan Tilvern">Alan Tilvern</a>, film and television actor, 1918–2003</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anwar_Uddin" title="Anwar Uddin">Anwar Uddin</a>, captain of Dagenham and Redbridge</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gary_Webster_(actor)" title="Gary Webster (actor)">Gary Webster</a>, actor</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Resident_in_or_otherwise_associated_with_Whitechapel">Resident in or otherwise associated with Whitechapel</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Whitechapel&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Resident in or otherwise associated with Whitechapel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Altab_Ali_Park" title="Altab Ali Park">Altab Ali</a>, murdered in a Whitechapel park in 1978</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barney_Barnato" title="Barney Barnato">Barney Barnato</a>, diamond mining industrialist and <a href="/wiki/Randlord" title="Randlord">Randlord</a>, 1851–1897</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Brandon" title="Richard Brandon">Richard Brandon</a> (? – 20 June 1649), the reputed <a href="/wiki/Executioner_of_Charles_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Executioner of Charles I">executioner</a> of <a href="/wiki/Charles_I_of_England" title="Charles I of England">King Charles I</a> was buried at the Whitechapel parish church of St Mary Matfelon. The church register records that he lived in Rosemary Lane (modern <a href="/w/index.php?title=Royal_Mint_Street&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Royal Mint Street (page does not exist)">Royal Mint Street</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Hughes_(social_worker)" title="Mary Hughes (social worker)">Mary Hughes</a> (1860–1941), a voluntary parish worker who initially lived in the <a href="/wiki/Blackwall_Buildings" title="Blackwall Buildings">Blackwall Buildings</a> before moving to a converted pub on Vallance Road where she offered food and shelter to the needy.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_the_Ripper" title="Jack the Ripper">Jack the Ripper</a>, <a href="/wiki/Serial_killer" title="Serial killer">serial killer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Lahr" title="Charles Lahr">Charles Lahr</a> (1885–1971), German-born anarchist, London bookseller and publisher, secretary of the Whitechapel branch of the Industrial Union of Direct Actionists (IUDA)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_London" title="Jack London">Jack London</a>, who wrote <i><a href="/wiki/The_People_of_the_Abyss" title="The People of the Abyss">The People of the Abyss</a></i> while staying in Whitechapel – an account of his 1902 stay amongst the East End poor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Parker_(mutineer)" title="Richard Parker (mutineer)">Richard Parker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Royal_Navy" title="Royal Navy">Royal Navy</a> mutineer buried in <a href="/wiki/St_Mary_Matfelon" title="St Mary Matfelon">St Mary Matfelon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Rocker" title="Rudolf Rocker">Rudolf Rocker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anarcho-syndicalist" class="mw-redirect" title="Anarcho-syndicalist">anarcho-syndicalist</a> writer, historian and prominent activist, active in Whitechapel 1895–1918, 1873–1958</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obadiah_Shuttleworth" title="Obadiah Shuttleworth">Obadiah Shuttleworth</a>, composer, violinist and organist of the parish church, d. 1734</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_Nahum_Stencl" title="Abraham Nahum Stencl">Avrom Stencl</a> (1897–1983), Polish-born Yiddish poet, early companion of <a href="/wiki/Franz_Kafka" title="Franz Kafka">Franz Kafka</a>, published <i>Loshn and Lebn</i> in Whitechapel</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Future_developments">Future developments</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Whitechapel&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Future developments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Whitechapel Market and the A11 corridor is currently the subject of a £20 million investment to improve the public spaces along the route. The London Boroughs of Tower Hamlets & Newham are working with English Heritage and Transport for London to refurbish the historic buildings at this location and improve the market. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Whitechapel&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Clock_Tower_-_Palace_of_Westminster,_London_-_May_2007_icon.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Clock_Tower_-_Palace_of_Westminster%2C_London_-_May_2007_icon.png/16px-Clock_Tower_-_Palace_of_Westminster%2C_London_-_May_2007_icon.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Clock_Tower_-_Palace_of_Westminster%2C_London_-_May_2007_icon.png/24px-Clock_Tower_-_Palace_of_Westminster%2C_London_-_May_2007_icon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Clock_Tower_-_Palace_of_Westminster%2C_London_-_May_2007_icon.png/33px-Clock_Tower_-_Palace_of_Westminster%2C_London_-_May_2007_icon.png 2x" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="427" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:London" title="Portal:London">London portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_Bangladeshi" class="mw-redirect" title="British Bangladeshi">British Bangladeshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stepney_Historical_Trust" class="mw-redirect" title="Stepney Historical Trust">Stepney Historical Trust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitechapel_Mount" title="Whitechapel Mount">Whitechapel Mount</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Whitechapel&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Subsequent stories that a bullet passed through Churchill's top hat are apocryphal, and no reference to such an occurrence appears in either the official records, or Churchill's accounts of the siege.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Whitechapel&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-pop_ref_london-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pop_ref_london_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFCensus_Information_Scheme2012" class="citation web cs1">Census Information Scheme (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.london.gov.uk/download/2011-census-demography/fca6ccde-b2e1-411e-b2d8-a9aa79707885/ward-pop-ONS-GLA-Census.xls">"2011 Census Ward Population figures for London"</a>. Greater London Authority<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2011+Census+Ward+Population+figures+for+London&rft.pub=Greater+London+Authority&rft.date=2012&rft.au=Census+Information+Scheme&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.london.gov.uk%2Fdownload%2F2011-census-demography%2Ffca6ccde-b2e1-411e-b2d8-a9aa79707885%2Fward-pop-ONS-GLA-Census.xls&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWhitechapel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Brewers Dictionary of London Phrase and Fable</i>, Russ Willey, Chambers, 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.asp?compid=22732">'Stepney: Communications', A History of the County of Middlesex: Volume 11: Stepney, Bethnal Green (1998), pp. 7–13</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070928030615/http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.asp?compid=22732">Archived</a> 28 September 2007 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> accessed: 9 March 2007</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Christopher_Hibbert_1983-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Christopher_Hibbert_1983_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Christopher_Hibbert_1983_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Ben Weinreb and Christopher Hibbert (eds) (1983) "Whitechapel" in <i>The London Encyclopaedia</i>: 955-6</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Civil War London, David Flintham, Helion and Company, 2017</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-davenant-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-davenant_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-davenant_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-davenant_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-davenant_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-davenant_6-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/Victoria_County_History" title="Victoria County History">A History of the County of Middlesex</a>: Volume 1, Physique, Archaeology, Domesday, Ecclesiastical Organization, the Jews, Religious Houses, Education of Working Classes To 1870, Private Education From Sixteenth CenturySchools</i>: Davenant Foundation Grammar School, editors: J S Cockburn, H P F King and K G T McDonnell (London, 1969), pages 293–294. British History Online <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/middx/vol1/pp293-294">http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/middx/vol1/pp293-294</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221231154400/https://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/middx/vol1/pp293-294">Archived</a> 31 December 2022 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">History section of the official website <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.bartshealth.nhs.uk/the-royal-london-our-history">https://www.bartshealth.nhs.uk/the-royal-london-our-history</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230428175711/https://www.bartshealth.nhs.uk/the-royal-london-our-history">Archived</a> 28 April 2023 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Whitechapel CP through time : Housing Statistics : Total Houses, A Vision of Britain through Time, GB Historical GIS / University of Portsmouth, <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/unit/10071306/cube/HOUSES">http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/unit/10071306/cube/HOUSES</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221231163420/https://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/unit/10071306/cube/HOUSES">Archived</a> 31 December 2022 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Whitechapel CP through time : Population Statistics : Total Population, A Vision of Britain through Time, GB Historical GIS / University of Portsmouth, <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/unit/10071306/cube/TOT_POP">http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/unit/10071306/cube/TOT_POP</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221231163421/https://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/unit/10071306/cube/TOT_POP">Archived</a> 31 December 2022 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www1.salvationarmy.org/heritage.nsf/titles/1878_Foundation_Deed_Of_The_Salvation_Army">1878 Foundation Deed Of The Salvation Army</a> accessed 15 February 2007 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120525050352/http://www1.salvationarmy.org/heritage.nsf/titles/1878_Foundation_Deed_Of_The_Salvation_Army">Archived</a> 25 May 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lonelyplanet.com/england/london/attractions/whitechapel-road/a/poi-sig/1278840/358914">"Whitechapel Road"</a>. <i>Lonely Planet</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190407090407/https://www.lonelyplanet.com/england/london/attractions/whitechapel-road/a/poi-sig/1278840/358914">Archived</a> from the original on 7 April 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Lonely+Planet&rft.atitle=Whitechapel+Road&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lonelyplanet.com%2Fengland%2Flondon%2Fattractions%2Fwhitechapel-road%2Fa%2Fpoi-sig%2F1278840%2F358914&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWhitechapel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">East London Record - No 13 - 1990 <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.mernick.org.uk/elhs/Record/ELHS%20RECORD%2013%20(1990).pdf">https://www.mernick.org.uk/elhs/Record/ELHS%20RECORD%2013%20(1990).pdf</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jacob Adler, <i>A Life on the Stage: A Memoir</i>, translated and with commentary by Lulla Rosenfeld, Knopf, New York, 1999, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0679413510" title="Special:BookSources/0679413510">0679413510</a>. p. 232–233</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Donald Rumbelow (2004) <i>The Complete Jack the Ripper</i>: 12. Penguin</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Nicholas Connell (2005) <i>Walter Dew: The Man Who Caught Crippen</i>: 7–55</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timeout.com/london/blog/seven-places-in-london-connected-with-the-elephant-man-020117">"Seven places in London connected with the Elephant Man"</a>. <i>Time Out London</i>. February 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210225222317/https://www.timeout.com/london/blog/seven-places-in-london-connected-with-the-elephant-man-020117">Archived</a> from the original on 25 February 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Time+Out+London&rft.atitle=Seven+places+in+London+connected+with+the+Elephant+Man&rft.date=2017-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timeout.com%2Flondon%2Fblog%2Fseven-places-in-london-connected-with-the-elephant-man-020117&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWhitechapel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAddison2014" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Addison" title="Paul Addison">Addison, Paul</a> (2014). "Churchill, Sir Winston Leonard Spencer". <i><a href="/wiki/Dictionary_of_National_Biography#Oxford_Dictionary_of_National_Biography" title="Dictionary of National Biography">Oxford Dictionary of National Biography</a></i> (online ed.). Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F32413">10.1093/ref:odnb/32413</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Churchill%2C+Sir+Winston+Leonard+Spencer&rft.btitle=Oxford+Dictionary+of+National+Biography&rft.edition=online&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2014&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fref%3Aodnb%2F32413&rft.aulast=Addison&rft.aufirst=Paul&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWhitechapel" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(Subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddnb.com/help/subscribe#public">UK public library membership</a> required.)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJenkins2012" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Roy_Jenkins" title="Roy Jenkins">Jenkins, Roy</a> (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=BmOzDFxEdtQC"><i>Churchill</i></a>. London: Pan Macmillan. p. 195. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-330-47607-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-330-47607-2"><bdi>978-0-330-47607-2</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230831071608/https://books.google.com/books?id=BmOzDFxEdtQC">Archived</a> from the original on 31 August 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Churchill&rft.place=London&rft.pages=195&rft.pub=Pan+Macmillan&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-0-330-47607-2&rft.aulast=Jenkins&rft.aufirst=Roy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DBmOzDFxEdtQC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWhitechapel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWaldren2013" class="citation web cs1">Waldren, Mike (July 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160323052214/http://www.pfoa.co.uk/uploads/asset_file/The%20Siege%20of%20Sidney%20Street%20v3.pdf">"The Siege of Sidney Street"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 January</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Siege+of+Sidney+Street&rft.pages=11&rft.pub=Police+Firearms+Officers+Association&rft.date=2013-07&rft.aulast=Waldren&rft.aufirst=Mike&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pfoa.co.uk%2Fuploads%2Fasset_file%2FThe%2520Siege%2520of%2520Sidney%2520Street%2520v3.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWhitechapel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.whitechapelgallery.org/first-thursdays/galleries/first-thursday-gallery-46/">"First Thursday GALLERY 46"</a>. <i>Whitechapelgallery.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171029012722/http://www.whitechapelgallery.org/first-thursdays/galleries/first-thursday-gallery-46/">Archived</a> from the original on 29 October 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 January</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Whitechapelgallery.org&rft.atitle=First+Thursday+GALLERY+46&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.whitechapelgallery.org%2Ffirst-thursdays%2Fgalleries%2Ffirst-thursday-gallery-46%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWhitechapel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Guardian_newspaper-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Guardian_newspaper_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/1936/oct/05/fromthearchive">"Fascist march stopped after disorderly scenes"</a>. Guardian newspaper. 5 October 1936. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221102204141/https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/1936/oct/05/fromthearchive">Archived</a> from the original on 2 November 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 November</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fascist+march+stopped+after+disorderly+scenes&rft.pub=Guardian+newspaper&rft.date=1936-10-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Ftheguardian%2F1936%2Foct%2F05%2Ffromthearchive&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWhitechapel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">INews article on publicity campaign to save the restaurant after Covid 19 <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://inews.co.uk/inews-lifestyle/food-and-drink/east-london-oldest-indian-restaurant-threat-city-workers-custom-572955">https://inews.co.uk/inews-lifestyle/food-and-drink/east-london-oldest-indian-restaurant-threat-city-workers-custom-572955</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230417200018/https://inews.co.uk/inews-lifestyle/food-and-drink/east-london-oldest-indian-restaurant-threat-city-workers-custom-572955">Archived</a> 17 April 2023 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Andrew Davies (1990) <i>The East End Nobody Knows</i>: 15–16</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.london-footprints.co.uk/wkaldgateroute.htm">"Aldgate"</a>. London-footprints.co.uk. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150204083623/http://www.london-footprints.co.uk/wkaldgateroute.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 4 February 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 April</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Aldgate&rft.pub=London-footprints.co.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.london-footprints.co.uk%2Fwkaldgateroute.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWhitechapel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldwrite.org.uk/londonbehindthescenes/bricklane/altabalipark.html">"Brick Lane Tour :: Stop 10: Altab Ali Park"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 April</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Brick+Lane+Tour+%3A%3A+Stop+10%3A+Altab+Ali+Park&rft.pub=Worldwrite.org.uk&rft.date=1978-05-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldwrite.org.uk%2Flondonbehindthescenes%2Fbricklane%2Faltabalipark.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWhitechapel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRose2007" class="citation book cs1">Rose, Douglas (December 2007) [1980]. <i>The London Underground: A Diagrammatic History</i> (8th ed.). 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.crossrail.co.uk/route/maps/route-map">the original</a> on 28 December 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 January</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Transport+for+London&rft.atitle=Whitechapel+Station+to+be+modernised+in+preparation+for+Crossrail&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftfl.gov.uk%2Finfo-for%2Fmedia%2Fpress-releases%2F2016%2Fjanuary%2Fwhitechapel-station-to-be-modernised-in-preparation-for-crossrail&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWhitechapel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-17214333">"New Royal London Hospital opens"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a></i>. 2 March 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181026044229/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-london-17214333">Archived</a> from the original on 26 October 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 January</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=New+Royal+London+Hospital+opens&rft.date=2012-03-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fuk-england-london-17214333&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWhitechapel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrooke2015" class="citation web cs1">Brooke, Mike (6 February 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eastlondonadvertiser.co.uk/news/politics/old-royal-london-hospital-sold-for-9m-to-tower-hamlets-council-for-a-new-town-hall-1-3947250">"Old Royal London Hospital sold for £9m to Tower Hamlets council for a new town hall"</a>. <i>Eastlondonadvertiser.co.uk</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180107061156/http://www.eastlondonadvertiser.co.uk/news/politics/old-royal-london-hospital-sold-for-9m-to-tower-hamlets-council-for-a-new-town-hall-1-3947250">Archived</a> from the original on 7 January 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Whitechapel+Station+gets+new+Bengali+signage+ahead+of+Elizabeth+line+opening&rft.date=2022-03-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.towerhamlets.gov.uk%2FNews_events%2F2022%2FMarch-2022%2FWhitechapel-Station-gets-new-Bengali-signage-ahead-of-Elizabeth-line-opening.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWhitechapel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/whitechapel-station-in-london-gets-bengali-signage-mamata-banerjee-is-proud-2821293">"London Station Gets Bengali Signage. Mamata Banerjee Reacts"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/NDTV" title="NDTV">NDTV</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a>. 14 March 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220316200956/https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/whitechapel-station-in-london-gets-bengali-signage-mamata-banerjee-is-proud-2821293">Archived</a> from the original on 16 March 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=NDTV&rft.atitle=London+Station+Gets+Bengali+Signage.+Mamata+Banerjee+Reacts&rft.date=2022-03-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ndtv.com%2Findia-news%2Fwhitechapel-station-in-london-gets-bengali-signage-mamata-banerjee-is-proud-2821293&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWhitechapel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=201062">"Whitechapel Historical Marker"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220730142959/https://www.hmdb.org/m.asp?m=201062">Archived</a> from the original on 30 July 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Berkeley: University of California Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0520204042" title="Special:BookSources/0520204042"><bdi>0520204042</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 April</span> 2015</span>. <q>As one of the few mosques in Britain permitted to broadcast calls to prayer (azan), the mosque soon found itself at the center of a public debate about "noise pollution" when local non-Muslim residents began to protest.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Nationalism%2C+Community%2C+and+the+Islamization+of+Space+in+London&rft.btitle=Making+Muslim+Space+in+North+America+and+Europe&rft.place=Berkeley&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=0520204042&rft.aulast=Eade&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fmakingmuslimspac0000unse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWhitechapel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDickens,_Charles_Jr.1879" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Dickens_Jr." title="Charles Dickens Jr.">Dickens, Charles Jr.</a> (1879). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.victorianlondon.org/dickens/dickens-p.htm">"Pavilion Theatre"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Dickens%27s_Dictionary_of_London" class="mw-redirect" title="Dickens's Dictionary of London">Dickens's Dictionary of London</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070927203338/http://www.victorianlondon.org/dickens/dickens-p.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 27 September 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved 24 April 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.ajplus.co.uk/b_bank/search_results_details/?report_ID=7048">[1]</a> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged June 2016">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ideastore.co.uk/">"Idea Store website"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Whitechapel+Ward+in+London&rft.date=2021&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.citypopulation.de%2Fen%2Fuk%2Flondon%2Fwards%2Ftower_hamlets%2FE05009336__whitechapel%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWhitechapel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCharles_Dickens1836" class="citation book cs1">Charles Dickens (1836). "Chapter XXII Mr. PICKWICK JOURNEYS TO IPSWICH AND MEETS WITH A ROMANTIC ADVENTURE WITH A MIDDLE-AGED LADY IN YELLOW CURL-PAPERS". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.victorianlondon.org/etexts/dickens/pickwick-0022.shtml"><i>The Pickwick Papers</i></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210425051204/https://www.victorianlondon.org/etexts/dickens/pickwick-0022.shtml">Archived</a> from the original on 25 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 November</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Transport+for+London&rft.atitle=Introduction+of+new+London+Overground+line+names+and+colours+will+soon+start&rft.aulast=Matters&rft.aufirst=Transport+for+London+%7C+Every+Journey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftfl.gov.uk%2Finfo-for%2Fmedia%2Fpress-releases%2F2024%2Fnovember%2Fintroduction-of-new-london-overground-line-names-and-colours-will-soon-start&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWhitechapel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/observer/comment/story/0,6903,529057,00.html">"The Observer Profile: Damon Albarn – Comment – The Observer"</a>. <i>Theguardian.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171029064816/https://www.theguardian.com/observer/comment/story/0,6903,529057,00.html">Archived</a> from the original on 29 October 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 January</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Theguardian.com&rft.atitle=The+Observer+Profile%3A+Damon+Albarn+%E2%80%93+Comment+%E2%80%93+The+Observer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fobserver%2Fcomment%2Fstory%2F0%2C6903%2C529057%2C00.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWhitechapel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">'BAKER, JULIUS STAFFORD (1869–1961), British cartoonist' in <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Horn" title="Maurice Horn">Maurice Horn</a>, Richard Marschall, eds., <i>The World Encyclopedia of Cartoons</i>, vol. 1 (Gale Research Co., 1980), p. 96</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/General_Register_Office_for_England_and_Wales" title="General Register Office for England and Wales">General Register Office</a>. <i>England and Wales Civil Registration Indexes</i>. London, England: General Register Office.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.casebook.org/victorian_london/whitechapel1881.html">"Casebook: Jack the Ripper – Whitechapel"</a>. <i>Casebook.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180318125801/http://www.casebook.org/victorian_london/whitechapel1881.html">Archived</a> from the original on 18 March 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 January</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Casebook.org&rft.atitle=Casebook%3A+Jack+the+Ripper+%E2%80%93+Whitechapel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.casebook.org%2Fvictorian_london%2Fwhitechapel1881.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWhitechapel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubshistory.com/LondonPubs/MileEnd/EarlGreysCastle.shtml">"Earl Grey's Castle, 71 Vallance Road, London, E1"</a>. <i>pubshistory.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180320043707/https://pubshistory.com/LondonPubs/MileEnd/EarlGreysCastle.shtml">Archived</a> from the original on 20 March 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 March</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=pubshistory.com&rft.atitle=Earl+Grey%27s+Castle%2C+71+Vallance+Road%2C+London%2C+E1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpubshistory.com%2FLondonPubs%2FMileEnd%2FEarlGreysCastle.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWhitechapel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Whitechapel&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140107204055/http://www.towerhamlets.gov.uk/lgsl/800001-800100/800018_in_your_ward/whitechapel.aspx">Official website</a> for the ward of Whitechapel</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.casebook.org/victorian_london/index.html">Primary source articles</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thhol.org.uk/">Tower Hamlets History Online</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jacktheripper.de/schauplaetze/nachtaufnahmen">Nighttime photos of Whitechapel and environs</a>. Commentary is in German, but it is mostly photos.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="London_Borough_of_Tower_Hamlets" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:London_Borough_of_Tower_Hamlets" title="Template:London Borough of Tower Hamlets"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:London_Borough_of_Tower_Hamlets" title="Template talk:London Borough of Tower Hamlets"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:London_Borough_of_Tower_Hamlets" title="Special:EditPage/Template:London Borough of Tower Hamlets"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="London_Borough_of_Tower_Hamlets" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Tower_Hamlets" title="London Borough of Tower Hamlets">London Borough of Tower Hamlets</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wards_and_electoral_divisions_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Wards and electoral divisions of the United Kingdom">Wards</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bethnal_Green" title="Bethnal Green">Bethnal Green</a></li> <li>Blackwall and Cubitt Town</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bow,_London" title="Bow, London">Bow</a> East</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bow,_London" title="Bow, London">Bow</a> West</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bromley-by-Bow" title="Bromley-by-Bow">Bromley</a> North</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bromley-by-Bow" title="Bromley-by-Bow">Bromley</a> South</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canary_Wharf" title="Canary Wharf">Canary Wharf</a></li> <li>Island Gardens</li> <li>Lansbury</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limehouse" title="Limehouse">Limehouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mile_End" title="Mile End">Mile End</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poplar,_London" title="Poplar, London">Poplar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shadwell" title="Shadwell">Shadwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spitalfields" title="Spitalfields">Spitalfields and Banglatown</a></li> <li>St Dunstan's</li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Katharine_Docks" title="St Katharine Docks">St Katharine's</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wapping" title="Wapping">Wapping</a></li> <li>St Peter's</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stepney_Green" class="mw-redirect" title="Stepney Green">Stepney Green</a></li> <li>Weavers</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Whitechapel</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_the_London_Borough_of_Tower_Hamlets.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Tower Hamlets"><img alt="Coat of arms of Tower Hamlets" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Coat_of_arms_of_the_London_Borough_of_Tower_Hamlets.svg/100px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_London_Borough_of_Tower_Hamlets.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Coat_of_arms_of_the_London_Borough_of_Tower_Hamlets.svg/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_London_Borough_of_Tower_Hamlets.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Coat_of_arms_of_the_London_Borough_of_Tower_Hamlets.svg/200px-Coat_of_arms_of_the_London_Borough_of_Tower_Hamlets.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1046" data-file-height="940" /></a></span><br /><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:LondonTowerHamlets.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Location of the London Borough of Tower Hamlets in Greater London"><img alt="Location of the London Borough of Tower Hamlets in Greater London" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/LondonTowerHamlets.svg/100px-LondonTowerHamlets.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="77" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/LondonTowerHamlets.svg/150px-LondonTowerHamlets.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/LondonTowerHamlets.svg/200px-LondonTowerHamlets.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="962" data-file-height="744" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Notable locations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brick_Lane" title="Brick Lane">Brick Lane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christ_Church,_Spitalfields" title="Christ Church, Spitalfields">Christ Church, Spitalfields</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Severs%27_House" title="Dennis Severs' House">Dennis Severs' House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Smithfield" title="East Smithfield">East Smithfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fish_Island,_London" title="Fish Island, London">Fish Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fournier_Street" title="Fournier Street">Fournier Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Museum_Docklands" title="London Museum Docklands">London Museum Docklands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Immigration_and_Diversity" title="Museum of Immigration and Diversity">Museum of Immigration and Diversity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_Olympic_Park" title="Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park">Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ragged_School_Museum" title="Ragged School Museum">Ragged School Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_London_Hospital#Royal_London_Museum_and_Archives" title="Royal London Hospital">Royal London Museum and Archives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_the_Ripper_Museum" title="Jack the Ripper Museum">Jack the Ripper Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Katharine_Docks" title="St Katharine Docks">St Katharine Docks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spitalfields_City_Farm" title="Spitalfields City Farm">Spitalfields City Farm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stepney_City_Farm" title="Stepney City Farm">Stepney City Farm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tower_Bridge" title="Tower Bridge">Tower Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tower_of_London" title="Tower of London">Tower of London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traitors%27_Gate" title="Traitors' Gate">Traitors' Gate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whitechapel_Art_Gallery" class="mw-redirect" title="Whitechapel Art Gallery">Whitechapel Art Gallery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_V%26A" title="Young V&A">Young V&A</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Street markets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Petticoat_Lane_Market" title="Petticoat Lane Market">Petticoat Lane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brick_Lane_Market" title="Brick Lane Market">Brick Lane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_Road_Flower_Market" title="Columbia Road Flower Market">Columbia Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Spitalfields_market" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Spitalfields market">Old Spitalfields</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Road,_London#Roman_Road_(area)#Roman_Road_Market" title="Roman Road, London">Roman Road</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Parks_and_open_spaces_in_the_London_Borough_of_Tower_Hamlets" title="Parks and open spaces in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets">Parks and open spaces</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Altab_Ali_Park" title="Altab Ali Park">Altab Ali Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bartlett_Park" title="Bartlett Park">Bartlett Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Island_Gardens" title="Island Gardens">Island Gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Langdon_Park,_London&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Langdon Park, London (page does not exist)">Langdon Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mile_End_Park" title="Mile End Park">Mile End Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mudchute" class="mw-redirect" title="Mudchute">Mudchute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_John_McDougall_Gardens" title="Sir John McDougall Gardens">Sir John McDougall Gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tower_Hamlets_Cemetery" class="mw-redirect" title="Tower Hamlets Cemetery">Tower Hamlets Cemetery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Park,_London" title="Victoria Park, London">Victoria Park</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Governance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tower_Hamlets_London_Borough_Council" title="Tower Hamlets London Borough Council">London borough council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directly_elected_mayor_of_the_London_Borough_of_Tower_Hamlets" class="mw-redirect" title="Directly elected mayor of the London Borough of Tower Hamlets">Directly elected mayor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mayors_of_the_London_Borough_of_Tower_Hamlets" class="mw-redirect" title="List of mayors of the London Borough of Tower Hamlets">Civic mayor/speaker of council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Parliamentary_constituencies_in_London" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Parliamentary constituencies in London">Constituencies</a>: <a href="/wiki/Bethnal_Green_and_Bow_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Bethnal Green and Bow (UK Parliament constituency)">Bethnal Green and Bow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poplar_and_Limehouse_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Poplar and Limehouse (UK Parliament constituency)">Poplar and Limehouse</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_bridges_in_London" title="List of bridges in London">Bridges and tunnels</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blackwall_Tunnel" title="Blackwall Tunnel">Blackwall Tunnel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenwich_foot_tunnel" title="Greenwich foot tunnel">Greenwich foot tunnel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rotherhithe_Tunnel" title="Rotherhithe Tunnel">Rotherhithe Tunnel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tower_Bridge" title="Tower Bridge">Tower Bridge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/London_Borough_of_Tower_Hamlets#Transport" title="London Borough of Tower Hamlets">Tube and rail stations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/London_Underground" title="London Underground"><img alt="London Underground" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="406" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Aldgate_East_tube_station" title="Aldgate East tube station">Aldgate East</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Docklands_Light_Railway" title="Docklands Light Railway"><img alt="Docklands Light Railway" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="615" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/All_Saints_DLR_station" title="All Saints DLR station">All Saints</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/London_Underground" title="London Underground"><img alt="London Underground" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="406" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Bethnal_Green_tube_station" title="Bethnal Green tube station">Bethnal Green</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/London_Overground" title="London Overground"><img alt="London Overground" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="520" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Bethnal_Green_railway_station" title="Bethnal Green railway station">Bethnal Green</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Docklands_Light_Railway" title="Docklands Light Railway"><img alt="Docklands Light Railway" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="615" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Blackwall_DLR_station" title="Blackwall DLR station">Blackwall</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Docklands_Light_Railway" title="Docklands Light Railway"><img alt="Docklands Light Railway" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="615" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Bow_Church_DLR_station" title="Bow Church DLR station">Bow Church</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/London_Underground" title="London Underground"><img alt="London Underground" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="406" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Bow_Road_tube_station" title="Bow Road tube station">Bow Road</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/London_Underground" title="London Underground"><img alt="London Underground" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="406" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Bromley-by-Bow_tube_station" title="Bromley-by-Bow tube station">Bromley-by-Bow</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/London_Overground" title="London Overground"><img alt="London Overground" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="520" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_Heath_railway_station" title="Cambridge Heath railway station">Cambridge Heath</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Docklands_Light_Railway" title="Docklands Light Railway"><img alt="Docklands Light Railway" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="615" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Canary_Wharf_DLR_station" title="Canary Wharf DLR station">Canary Wharf (DLR)</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_line" title="Elizabeth line"><img alt="Elizabeth Line" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Elizabeth_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Elizabeth_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Elizabeth_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Elizabeth_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Elizabeth_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Elizabeth_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Canary_Wharf_railway_station" title="Canary Wharf railway station">Canary Wharf (Elizabeth line)</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/London_Underground" title="London Underground"><img alt="London Underground" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="406" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Canary_Wharf_tube_station" title="Canary Wharf tube station">Canary Wharf (tube)</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Docklands_Light_Railway" title="Docklands Light Railway"><img alt="Docklands Light Railway" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="615" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Crossharbour_DLR_station" title="Crossharbour DLR station">Crossharbour</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Docklands_Light_Railway" title="Docklands Light Railway"><img alt="Docklands Light Railway" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="615" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Devons_Road_DLR_station" title="Devons Road DLR station">Devons Road</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Docklands_Light_Railway" title="Docklands Light Railway"><img alt="Docklands Light Railway" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="615" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/East_India_DLR_station" title="East India DLR station">East India</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Docklands_Light_Railway" title="Docklands Light Railway"><img alt="Docklands Light Railway" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="615" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Heron_Quays_DLR_station" title="Heron Quays DLR station">Heron Quays</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Docklands_Light_Railway" title="Docklands Light Railway"><img alt="Docklands Light Railway" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="615" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Island_Gardens_DLR_station" title="Island Gardens DLR station">Island Gardens</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Docklands_Light_Railway" title="Docklands Light Railway"><img alt="Docklands Light Railway" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="615" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Langdon_Park_DLR_station" title="Langdon Park DLR station">Langdon Park</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/National_Rail" title="National Rail"><img alt="National Rail" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/National_Rail_logo.svg/12px-National_Rail_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/National_Rail_logo.svg/18px-National_Rail_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/National_Rail_logo.svg/24px-National_Rail_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="62" data-file-height="39" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Docklands_Light_Railway" title="Docklands Light Railway"><img alt="Docklands Light Railway" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="615" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Limehouse_station" title="Limehouse station">Limehouse</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/London_Underground" title="London Underground"><img alt="London Underground" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="406" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Mile_End_tube_station" title="Mile End tube station">Mile End</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Docklands_Light_Railway" title="Docklands Light Railway"><img alt="Docklands Light Railway" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="615" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Mudchute_DLR_station" title="Mudchute DLR station">Mudchute</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Docklands_Light_Railway" title="Docklands Light Railway"><img alt="Docklands Light Railway" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="615" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Poplar_DLR_station" title="Poplar DLR station">Poplar</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/London_Overground" title="London Overground"><img alt="London Overground" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="520" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Shadwell_railway_station" title="Shadwell railway station">Shadwell</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Docklands_Light_Railway" title="Docklands Light Railway"><img alt="Docklands Light Railway" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="615" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Shadwell_DLR_station" title="Shadwell DLR station">Shadwell</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Docklands_Light_Railway" title="Docklands Light Railway"><img alt="Docklands Light Railway" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="615" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/South_Quay_DLR_station" title="South Quay DLR station">South Quay</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/London_Underground" title="London Underground"><img alt="London Underground" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="406" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Stepney_Green_tube_station" title="Stepney Green tube station">Stepney Green</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Docklands_Light_Railway" title="Docklands Light Railway"><img alt="Docklands Light Railway" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="615" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Tower_Gateway_DLR_station" title="Tower Gateway DLR station">Tower Gateway</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/London_Underground" title="London Underground"><img alt="London Underground" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="406" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Tower_Hill_tube_station" title="Tower Hill tube station">Tower Hill</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/London_Overground" title="London Overground"><img alt="London Overground" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="520" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Wapping_railway_station" title="Wapping railway station">Wapping</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Docklands_Light_Railway" title="Docklands Light Railway"><img alt="Docklands Light Railway" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="615" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/West_India_Quay_DLR_station" title="West India Quay DLR station">West India Quay</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Docklands_Light_Railway" title="Docklands Light Railway"><img alt="Docklands Light Railway" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-DLR_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="615" data-file-height="500" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Westferry_DLR_station" title="Westferry DLR station">Westferry</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/London_Underground" title="London Underground"><img alt="London Underground" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Underground_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Underground_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="406" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/London_Overground" title="London Overground"><img alt="London Overground" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Overground_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="520" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_line" title="Elizabeth line"><img alt="Elizabeth Line" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Elizabeth_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/10px-Elizabeth_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Elizabeth_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/15px-Elizabeth_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Elizabeth_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg/20px-Elizabeth_line_roundel_%28no_text%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="416" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Whitechapel_station" title="Whitechapel station">Whitechapel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tower_Hamlets_London_Borough_Council" title="Tower Hamlets London Borough Council">Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grade_I_and_II*_listed_buildings_in_the_London_Borough_of_Tower_Hamlets" title="Grade I and II* listed buildings in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets">Grade I and II* listed buildings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_the_London_Borough_of_Tower_Hamlets" title="List of people from the London Borough of Tower Hamlets">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_public_art_in_the_London_Borough_of_Tower_Hamlets" title="List of public art in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets">Public art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_schools_in_the_London_Borough_of_Tower_Hamlets" title="List of schools in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets">Schools</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="font-weight: bold;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:London_Borough_of_Tower_Hamlets" title="Category:London Borough of Tower Hamlets">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:London_Borough_of_Tower_Hamlets" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:London Borough of Tower Hamlets">Commons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Areas_of_London" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Areas_of_London" title="Template:Areas of London"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Areas_of_London" title="Template talk:Areas of London"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Areas_of_London" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Areas of London"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Areas_of_London" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_areas_of_London" title="List of areas of London">Areas of London</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Central_London" title="Central London">Central activities zone</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bloomsbury" title="Bloomsbury">Bloomsbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wards_of_the_City_of_London" title="Wards of the City of London">City of London wards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holborn" title="Holborn">Holborn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marylebone" title="Marylebone">Marylebone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayfair" title="Mayfair">Mayfair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paddington" title="Paddington">Paddington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pimlico" title="Pimlico">Pimlico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soho" title="Soho">Soho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southwark" title="Southwark">Southwark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vauxhall" title="Vauxhall">Vauxhall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waterloo,_London" title="Waterloo, London">Waterloo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westminster" title="Westminster">Westminster</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Town centre<br />network</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Knightsbridge" title="Knightsbridge">Knightsbridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_End_of_London" title="West End of London">West End</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Metropolitan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bromley" title="Bromley">Bromley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croydon" title="Croydon">Croydon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ealing" title="Ealing">Ealing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrow,_London" title="Harrow, London">Harrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hounslow" title="Hounslow">Hounslow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilford" title="Ilford">Ilford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingston_upon_Thames" title="Kingston upon Thames">Kingston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romford" title="Romford">Romford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shepherd%27s_Bush" title="Shepherd's Bush">Shepherd's Bush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stratford,_London" title="Stratford, London">Stratford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sutton,_London" title="Sutton, London">Sutton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uxbridge" title="Uxbridge">Uxbridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wood_Green" title="Wood Green">Wood Green</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angel,_London" title="Angel, London">Angel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barking,_London" title="Barking, London">Barking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayswater" title="Bayswater">Bayswater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bexleyheath" title="Bexleyheath">Bexleyheath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brixton" title="Brixton">Brixton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camden_Town" title="Camden Town">Camden Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canary_Wharf" title="Canary Wharf">Canary Wharf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catford" title="Catford">Catford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiswick" title="Chiswick">Chiswick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clapham_Junction_railway_station" title="Clapham Junction railway station">Clapham Junction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalston" title="Dalston">Dalston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Ham" title="East Ham">East Ham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgware" title="Edgware">Edgware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eltham" title="Eltham">Eltham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enfield_Town" class="mw-redirect" title="Enfield Town">Enfield Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fulham" title="Fulham">Fulham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hammersmith" title="Hammersmith">Hammersmith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nag%27s_Head,_London" title="Nag's Head, London">Holloway Nags Head</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kensington_High_Street" title="Kensington High Street">Kensington High Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kilburn,_London" title="Kilburn, London">Kilburn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Road" title="King's Road">King's Road East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lewisham" title="Lewisham">Lewisham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orpington" title="Orpington">Orpington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peckham" title="Peckham">Peckham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Putney" title="Putney">Putney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richmond,_London" title="Richmond, London">Richmond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southall" title="Southall">Southall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Streatham" title="Streatham">Streatham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tooting" title="Tooting">Tooting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walthamstow" title="Walthamstow">Walthamstow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wandsworth" title="Wandsworth">Wandsworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wembley" title="Wembley">Wembley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wimbledon,_London" title="Wimbledon, London">Wimbledon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woolwich" title="Woolwich">Woolwich</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Districts<br /><span style="font-weight:normal">(principal)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acton,_London" title="Acton, London">Acton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beckenham" title="Beckenham">Beckenham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgravia" title="Belgravia">Belgravia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bethnal_Green" title="Bethnal Green">Bethnal Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brentford" title="Brentford">Brentford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camberwell" title="Camberwell">Camberwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada_Water" title="Canada Water">Canada Water</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carshalton" title="Carshalton">Carshalton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chadwell_Heath" title="Chadwell Heath">Chadwell Heath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chingford" title="Chingford">Chingford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clapham" title="Clapham">Clapham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crystal_Palace,_London" title="Crystal Palace, London">Crystal Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coulsdon" title="Coulsdon">Coulsdon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cricklewood" title="Cricklewood">Cricklewood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dagenham" title="Dagenham">Dagenham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deptford" title="Deptford">Deptford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dulwich" title="Dulwich">Dulwich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edmonton,_London" title="Edmonton, London">Edmonton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elephant_and_Castle" title="Elephant and Castle">Elephant and Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erith" title="Erith">Erith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feltham" title="Feltham">Feltham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finchley" title="Finchley">Finchley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forest_Gate" title="Forest Gate">Forest Gate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forest_Hill,_London" title="Forest Hill, London">Forest Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golders_Green" title="Golders Green">Golders Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenwich" title="Greenwich">Greenwich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harlesden" title="Harlesden">Harlesden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hampstead" title="Hampstead">Hampstead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harringay" title="Harringay">Harringay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hayes,_Hillingdon" title="Hayes, Hillingdon">Hayes (Hillingdon)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hendon" title="Hendon">Hendon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hornchurch" title="Hornchurch">Hornchurch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kentish_Town" title="Kentish Town">Kentish Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leyton" title="Leyton">Leyton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mill_Hill" title="Mill Hill">Mill Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitcham" title="Mitcham">Mitcham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morden" title="Morden">Morden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muswell_Hill" title="Muswell Hill">Muswell Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Cross" title="New Cross">New Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Malden" title="New Malden">New Malden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northwood,_London" title="Northwood, London">Northwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notting_Hill" title="Notting Hill">Notting Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penge" title="Penge">Penge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinner" title="Pinner">Pinner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purley,_London" title="Purley, London">Purley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruislip" title="Ruislip">Ruislip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidcup" title="Sidcup">Sidcup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southgate,_London" title="Southgate, London">Southgate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Norwood" title="South Norwood">South Norwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanmore" title="Stanmore">Stanmore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stoke_Newington" title="Stoke Newington">Stoke Newington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surbiton" title="Surbiton">Surbiton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sydenham,_London" title="Sydenham, London">Sydenham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teddington" title="Teddington">Teddington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thamesmead" title="Thamesmead">Thamesmead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tolworth" title="Tolworth">Tolworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulse_Hill" title="Tulse Hill">Tulse Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twickenham" title="Twickenham">Twickenham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upminster" title="Upminster">Upminster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upper_Norwood" title="Upper Norwood">Upper Norwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wanstead" title="Wanstead">Wanstead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wealdstone" title="Wealdstone">Wealdstone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welling" title="Welling">Welling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Ham" title="West Ham">West Ham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Hampstead" title="West Hampstead">West Hampstead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Norwood" title="West Norwood">West Norwood</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Whitechapel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willesden" title="Willesden">Willesden Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodford,_London" title="Woodford, London">Woodford</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Neighbourhoods<br /><span style="font-weight:normal">(principal)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abbey_Wood" title="Abbey Wood">Abbey Wood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alperton" title="Alperton">Alperton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anerley" title="Anerley">Anerley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archway,_London" title="Archway, London">Archway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barnes,_London" title="Barnes, London">Barnes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barnsbury" title="Barnsbury">Barnsbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battersea" title="Battersea">Battersea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beckton" title="Beckton">Beckton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bermondsey" title="Bermondsey">Bermondsey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bow,_London" title="Bow, London">Bow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brent_Cross" title="Brent Cross">Brent Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brockley" title="Brockley">Brockley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canonbury" title="Canonbury">Canonbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlton,_London" title="Charlton, London">Charlton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chelsea,_London" title="Chelsea, London">Chelsea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chessington" title="Chessington">Chessington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chipping_Barnet" title="Chipping Barnet">Chipping Barnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chislehurst" title="Chislehurst">Chislehurst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clerkenwell" title="Clerkenwell">Clerkenwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elmers_End" title="Elmers End">Elmers End</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gidea_Park" title="Gidea Park">Gidea Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenford" title="Greenford">Greenford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunnersbury" title="Gunnersbury">Gunnersbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hackbridge" title="Hackbridge">Hackbridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hackney_Central" title="Hackney Central">Hackney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ham,_London" title="Ham, London">Ham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hampton,_London" title="Hampton, London">Hampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanwell" title="Hanwell">Hanwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanworth" title="Hanworth">Hanworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harold_Wood" title="Harold Wood">Harold Wood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highams_Park" title="Highams Park">Highams Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highbury" title="Highbury">Highbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highgate" title="Highgate">Highgate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillingdon" title="Hillingdon">Hillingdon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hook,_London" title="Hook, London">Hook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holloway,_London" title="Holloway, London">Holloway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoxton" title="Hoxton">Hoxton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ickenham" title="Ickenham">Ickenham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isle_of_Dogs" title="Isle of Dogs">Isle of Dogs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isleworth" title="Isleworth">Isleworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islington" title="Islington">Islington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kensal_Green" title="Kensal Green">Kensal Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kew" title="Kew">Kew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lambeth" title="Lambeth">Lambeth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manor_Park,_London" title="Manor Park, London">Manor Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mortlake" title="Mortlake">Mortlake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neasden" title="Neasden">Neasden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northolt" title="Northolt">Northolt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nunhead" title="Nunhead">Nunhead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plaistow,_Newham" title="Plaistow, Newham">Plaistow (Newham)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poplar,_London" title="Poplar, London">Poplar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roehampton" title="Roehampton">Roehampton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rotherhithe" title="Rotherhithe">Rotherhithe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_Kings" title="Seven Kings">Seven Kings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seven_Sisters,_London" title="Seven Sisters, London">Seven Sisters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoreditch" title="Shoreditch">Shoreditch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stamford_Hill" title="Stamford Hill">Stamford Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stepney" title="Stepney">Stepney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Helier,_London" title="St Helier, London">St Helier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surrey_Quays" title="Surrey Quays">Surrey Quays</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tottenham" title="Tottenham">Tottenham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clapton,_London" title="Clapton, London">Upper and Lower Clapton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upper_Holloway" title="Upper Holloway">Upper Holloway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walworth" title="Walworth">Walworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wapping" title="Wapping">Wapping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Drayton" title="West Drayton">West Drayton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worcester_Park" title="Worcester Park">Worcester Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yiewsley" title="Yiewsley">Yiewsley</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:London_in_fiction" title="Category:London in fiction">Fictional</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Bill#"Sun_Hill" title="The Bill">Canley (borough)</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/The_Bill" title="The Bill">The Bill</a></i>: TV soap)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_Affairs#History" title="Family Affairs">Charnham (suburb)</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Family_Affairs" title="Family Affairs">Family Affairs</a></i>: TV soap)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neverwhere#Plot" title="Neverwhere">London Below (magical realm)</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Neverwhere" title="Neverwhere">Neverwhere</a></i>: TV series, novel)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walford" title="Walford">Walford (borough)</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/EastEnders" title="EastEnders">EastEnders</a></i>: TV soap)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239334494">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239334494"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Queen_Mary_University_of_London" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#0D3273; color:#FFFFFF; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #CDA70A, inset -2px -2px 0 #CDA70A;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Queen_Mary_University_of_London" title="Template:Queen Mary University of London"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:#FFFFFF">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Queen_Mary_University_of_London" title="Template talk:Queen Mary University of London"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:#FFFFFF">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Queen_Mary_University_of_London" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Queen Mary University of London"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:#FFFFFF">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Queen_Mary_University_of_London" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Queen_Mary_University_of_London" title="Queen Mary University of London"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#FFFFFF">Queen Mary University of London</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#0D3273; color:#FFFFFF; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #CDA70A, inset -2px -2px 0 #CDA70A;"><div><a href="/wiki/University_of_London" title="University of London"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#FFFFFF">University of London</span></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#0D3273; color:#FFFFFF; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #CDA70A, inset -2px -2px 0 #CDA70A;;width:1%">Faculties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Humanities and Social Sciences</li> <li>Medicine and Dentistry <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barts_and_The_London_School_of_Medicine_and_Dentistry" title="Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry">Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry</a></li></ul></li> <li>Science and Engineering</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#0D3273; color:#FFFFFF; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #CDA70A, inset -2px -2px 0 #CDA70A;;width:1%">Campuses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mile_End" title="Mile End">Mile End</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Palace,_Mile_End" title="People's Palace, Mile End">People's Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queens%27_Building" title="Queens' Building">Queens' Building</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Whitechapel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blizard_Building" title="Blizard Building">Blizard Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Augustine_with_St_Philip%27s_Church,_Whitechapel" title="St Augustine with St Philip's Church, Whitechapel">Whitechapel Library</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Smithfield" class="mw-redirect" title="West Smithfield">West Smithfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charterhouse_Square" title="Charterhouse Square">Charterhouse Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln%27s_Inn_Fields" title="Lincoln's Inn Fields">Lincoln's Inn Fields</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#0D3273; color:#FFFFFF; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #CDA70A, inset -2px -2px 0 #CDA70A;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Queen_Mary_University_of_London" title="History of Queen Mary University of London"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#FFFFFF">History</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Westfield_College" title="Westfield College">Westfield College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worshipful_Company_of_Drapers" title="Worshipful Company of Drapers">Worshipful Company of Drapers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#0D3273; color:#FFFFFF; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #CDA70A, inset -2px -2px 0 #CDA70A;;width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anne,_Princess_Royal" title="Anne, Princess Royal">Anne, Princess Royal</a> (Chancellor)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colin_Bailey_(engineer)" title="Colin Bailey (engineer)">Colin Bailey</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Principals_of_Queen_Mary_University_of_London" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Principals of Queen Mary University of London">Principal</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_Clement-Jones" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Clement-Jones">Lord Clement-Jones</a> (Chair of Council)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_academics_of_Queen_Mary_University_of_London" title="List of academics of Queen Mary University of London">Academics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_alumni_of_Queen_Mary_University_of_London" title="List of alumni of Queen Mary University of London">Alumni</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#0D3273; color:#FFFFFF; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #CDA70A, inset -2px -2px 0 #CDA70A;;width:1%">Student life</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Mary_University_of_London#Queen_Mary_Students'_Union" title="Queen Mary University of London">Queen Mary Students' Union</a></li> <li>Sport <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Mary_University_of_London_Boat_Club" title="Queen Mary University of London Boat Club">Rowing</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#0D3273; color:#FFFFFF; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #CDA70A, inset -2px -2px 0 #CDA70A;;width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/CS4FN" title="CS4FN">CS4FN</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drapers%27_Academy" title="Drapers' Academy">Drapers' Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_Baeck_Institute_London" title="Leo Baeck Institute London">Leo Baeck Institute London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novo_Cemetery" title="Novo Cemetery">Novo Cemetery</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Queen_Mary_Journal_of_Intellectual_Property" title="Queen Mary Journal of Intellectual Property">Queen Mary Journal of Intellectual Property</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selden_Society" title="Selden Society">Selden Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Clement_Attlee" title="Statue of Clement Attlee">Statue of Clement Attlee</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#0D3273; color:#FFFFFF; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #CDA70A, inset -2px -2px 0 #CDA70A;;width:1%">Affiliates</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Turing_Institute" title="Alan Turing Institute">Alan Turing Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Association_of_Commonwealth_Universities" title="Association of Commonwealth Universities">Association of Commonwealth Universities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GridPP" title="GridPP">GridPP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russell_Group" title="Russell Group">Russell Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_and_Engineering_South" title="Science and Engineering South">Science and Engineering South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SEPnet" title="SEPnet">SEPnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Young_Centre" title="Thomas Young Centre">Thomas Young Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UCLPartners" title="UCLPartners">UCLPartners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_London_Institute_in_Paris" title="University of London Institute in Paris">University of London Institute in Paris</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJt8fMrGDRpbcFkVvyd4v3">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n83188813">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007559956005171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/4882cb62-4ffe-4206-8a18-5c53cc560560">MusicBrainz 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