CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Muzak - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-sticky-header-enabled vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"54564afa-9627-4c8e-b0bd-3327304f86c3","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Muzak","wgTitle":"Muzak","wgCurRevisionId":1266260374,"wgRevisionId":1266260374,"wgArticleId":239195,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["All articles with dead external links","Articles with dead external links from July 2018","Articles with permanently dead external links","CS1: long volume value","Articles with dead external links from August 2023","Articles with short description","Short description matches Wikidata","Use mdy dates from November 2014","All articles with unsourced statements","Articles with unsourced statements from October 2020","Webarchive template wayback links","Entertainment companies established in 1934", "Products introduced in 1934","1937 mergers and acquisitions","1981 mergers and acquisitions","1986 mergers and acquisitions","2011 mergers and acquisitions","Brands that became generic","Easy listening music","Industrial music services","Music companies of the United States","Recorded music","Companies that filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in 2009","Companies that filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in 2020","Companies that have filed for Chapter 15 bankruptcy"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Muzak","wgRelevantArticleId":239195,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr", "pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":20000,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q108796044","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons": "ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.16"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Muzak_truck.jpg/1200px-Muzak_truck.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="800"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Muzak_truck.jpg/800px-Muzak_truck.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="533"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Muzak_truck.jpg/640px-Muzak_truck.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="427"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Muzak - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muzak"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Muzak&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muzak"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Muzak rootpage-Muzak skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" title="Main menu" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="n-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages"><span>Special pages</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Muzak" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Muzak" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Muzak" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Muzak" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Focus_on_mercantile_environment_(1934–1950)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Focus_on_mercantile_environment_(1934–1950)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Focus on mercantile environment (1934–1950)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Focus_on_mercantile_environment_(1934–1950)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Stimulus_progression_(1950–1960)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stimulus_progression_(1950–1960)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Stimulus progression (1950–1960)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Stimulus_progression_(1950–1960)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Original_artist_programming_(1960–1980)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Original_artist_programming_(1960–1980)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Original artist programming (1960–1980)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Original_artist_programming_(1960–1980)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-New_business_model" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#New_business_model"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>New business model</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-New_business_model-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bankruptcy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bankruptcy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Bankruptcy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bankruptcy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mood_Media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mood_Media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Mood Media</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mood_Media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Muzak</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 2 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-2" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">2 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muzak" title="Muzak – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Muzak" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muzak" title="Muzak – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Muzak" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q108796044#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Muzak" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Muzak" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Muzak"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muzak&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muzak&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Muzak"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muzak&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muzak&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Muzak" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Muzak" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muzak&oldid=1266260374" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muzak&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Muzak&id=1266260374&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMuzak"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMuzak"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Muzak&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muzak&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q108796044" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Brand of background music</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the brand of background music. For the general term, see <a href="/wiki/Elevator_music" title="Elevator music">Elevator music</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Wired Radio" redirects here. For radio programming delivered by wire, see <a href="/wiki/Cable_radio" title="Cable radio">Cable radio</a> and <a href="/wiki/Carrier_current" title="Carrier current">Carrier current</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Muzak_truck.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Muzak_truck.jpg/220px-Muzak_truck.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Muzak_truck.jpg/330px-Muzak_truck.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Muzak_truck.jpg/440px-Muzak_truck.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2176" /></a><figcaption>A Muzak van in Indianapolis, Indiana</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Muzak</b> is an American brand of <a href="/wiki/Background_music" title="Background music">background music</a> played in retail stores and other public establishments. </p><p>The name <i>Muzak</i>, a blend of music and the popular camera brand name Kodak, has been in use since 1934 and has been owned by various companies. The word <i>Muzak</i> has been a <a href="/wiki/Registered_trademark" class="mw-redirect" title="Registered trademark">registered trademark</a> of Muzak LLC since December 21, 1954.<sup id="cite_ref-A1_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-A1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1981, <a href="/wiki/Westinghouse_Electric_Corporation" title="Westinghouse Electric Corporation">Westinghouse</a> bought the company and ran it until selling it to the Fields Company of Chicago, publishers of the <i><a href="/wiki/Chicago_Sun-Times" title="Chicago Sun-Times">Chicago Sun-Times</a></i>, on September 8, 1986.<sup id="cite_ref-A2_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-A2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Muzak was based in various Seattle, Washington, locations from 1986 to 1999, after which it moved its headquarters to outside <a href="/wiki/Charlotte,_North_Carolina" title="Charlotte, North Carolina">Charlotte</a> in 2000.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Formerly owned by Muzak Holdings, the brand was purchased in 2011 by <a href="/wiki/Mood_Media" title="Mood Media">Mood Media</a> in a deal worth <a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">US$</a>345 million.<sup id="cite_ref-A19_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-A19-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NP_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NP-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the United States, due in part to the market dominance of Muzak Holdings, <i>Muzak</i> came to be used to refer to most forms of background music, regardless of source.<sup id="cite_ref-A2_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-A2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This makes Muzak an example of a <a href="/wiki/Genericized_trademark" class="mw-redirect" title="Genericized trademark">genericized trademark</a>. Muzak may also be referred to as "<a href="/wiki/Elevator_music" title="Elevator music">elevator music</a>" or "lift music" (see also <a href="/wiki/Music_on_hold" title="Music on hold">Music on hold</a>). Though Muzak Holdings was for many years the best-known supplier of background music, and is commonly associated with elevator music, the company itself did not supply music to <a href="/wiki/Elevator" title="Elevator">elevators</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muzak&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Inventor <a href="/wiki/George_Owen_Squier" title="George Owen Squier">George Owen Squier</a>, credited with inventing telephone carrier <a href="/wiki/Multiplexing" title="Multiplexing">multiplexing</a> in 1910, developed the original technical basis for Muzak.<sup id="cite_ref-Amazon_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Amazon-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Areas.work_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Areas.work-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was granted several US <a href="/wiki/Patent" title="Patent">patents</a> in the 1920s<sup id="cite_ref-Areas.work_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Areas.work-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> related to transmission of information signals, among them <span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://patents.google.com/patent/US1641608">U.S. patent 1,641,608</a></span> a system for the transmission and distribution of signals over electrical lines.<sup id="cite_ref-A3_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-A3-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Squier recognized the potential for this technology to be used to deliver music to listeners without the use of <a href="/wiki/Radio" title="Radio">radio</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Amazon_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Amazon-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which at the time was in early state and required fussy and expensive equipment. Early successful tests were performed, delivering music to customers on <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York's</a> <a href="/wiki/Staten_Island" title="Staten Island">Staten Island</a> via their electrical wires. </p><p>In 1922, the rights to Squier's patents were acquired by the <a href="/wiki/North_American_Company" title="North American Company">North American Company</a> utility conglomerate, which created the firm <b>Wired Radio, Inc.</b> to deliver music to their customers, charging them for music on their electric bill.<sup id="cite_ref-Isacoff_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Isacoff-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the 1930s radio had made great advances, and households began listening to broadcasts received via the airwaves for free, supported by advertising. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Focus_on_mercantile_environment_(1934–1950)"><span id="Focus_on_mercantile_environment_.281934.E2.80.931950.29"></span>Focus on mercantile environment (1934–1950)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muzak&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Focus on mercantile environment (1934–1950)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Squier remained involved in the project, but as the home market became eclipsed by radio in 1934 he changed the company's focus to delivering music to commercial clients.<sup id="cite_ref-Isacoff_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Isacoff-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Jarnow_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jarnow-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Intrigued by the made-up word <i><a href="/wiki/Kodak" title="Kodak">Kodak</a></i> used as a trademark, he combined it with "music" to create the word <i>Muzak,</i> which became the company's new name.<sup id="cite_ref-Toop_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Toop-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1937, the Muzak division was purchased from the North American Company by <a href="/wiki/Warner_Bros." title="Warner Bros.">Warner Bros.</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which expanded it into other cities. It was bought by entrepreneur <a href="/wiki/William_Benton_(senator)" class="mw-redirect" title="William Benton (senator)">William Benton</a> who wanted to introduce Muzak into new markets like barbershops and doctors' offices. While Muzak had initially produced tens of thousands of original artist recordings by the top performers of the late 1930s and 1940s, their new strategy required a different sound. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Stimulus_progression_(1950–1960)"><span id="Stimulus_progression_.281950.E2.80.931960.29"></span>Stimulus progression (1950–1960)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muzak&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Stimulus progression (1950–1960)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The company began customizing the pace and style of the music provided throughout the workday in an effort to maintain productivity.<sup id="cite_ref-A5_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-A5-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The music was programmed in 15-minute blocks, gradually getting faster in tempo and louder and brassier in instrumentation, to encourage workers to speed up their pace. Following the completion of a 15-minute segment, the music would fall silent for 15 minutes. This was partly done for technical reasons, but company-funded research also showed that alternating music with silence limited <a href="/wiki/Listener_fatigue" title="Listener fatigue">listener fatigue</a>, and made the "stimulus" effect of Stimulus Progression more effective. </p><p>During this period, Muzak began recording their own "orchestra" – actually a number of orchestras in studios around the country, sometimes in other countries as well – composed of top local studio musicians. This allowed them to control all aspects of the music for insertion into specific slots in the Stimulus Progression programs.<sup id="cite_ref-lanza04_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lanza04-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-passman11_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-passman11-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Muzak's popularity remained high through the mid-1960s. President <a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight D. Eisenhower</a> was the first president to pump Muzak into the <a href="/wiki/West_Wing" title="West Wing">West Wing</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a> owned the Muzak franchise in <a href="/wiki/Austin,_Texas" title="Austin, Texas">Austin, Texas</a>. <a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a> reportedly used Muzak in many of its space missions to soothe astronauts and occupy periods of inactivity.<sup id="cite_ref-A7_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-A7-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Original_artist_programming_(1960–1980)"><span id="Original_artist_programming_.281960.E2.80.931980.29"></span>Original artist programming (1960–1980)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muzak&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Original artist programming (1960–1980)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>With the rise in <a href="/wiki/Youth_culture" title="Youth culture">youth culture</a> and the growing influence of the <a href="/wiki/Baby_boomer" class="mw-redirect" title="Baby boomer">baby boomer</a> generation in the 1960s and 1970s, Muzak's popularity declined. It began losing market share to new "foreground music" companies, such as <a href="/wiki/DMX_(music_service)" title="DMX (music service)">AEI Music Network Inc.</a> and Yesco, that offered so-called "original artist music programming." Rather than using orchestral <a href="/wiki/Re-recording_(music)" title="Re-recording (music)">re-recordings</a> as Muzak had for its Stimulus Progression program, they licensed original recordings, and included vocal music. They also offered many styles, from <a href="/wiki/Rock_music" title="Rock music">rock</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pop_music" title="Pop music">pop</a> to <a href="/wiki/Spanish-language" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish-language">Spanish-language</a> programming (for Mexican restaurants), <a href="/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz">jazz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Blues" title="Blues">blues</a> and <a href="/wiki/Classical_music" title="Classical music">classical</a>, as well as the traditional "<a href="/wiki/Easy_listening" title="Easy listening">easy listening</a>." Foreground music markets included restaurants, fashion stores, retail outlets, malls, dental offices, airlines and public spaces. </p><p>Muzak merged with Yesco in September 1986.<sup id="cite_ref-ctyes_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ctyes-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When Muzak began programming original artists in 1984, it was after merging with Yesco, and the programming was done by Yesco.<sup id="cite_ref-A2_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-A2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This necessitated abandonment of the Stimulus Progression concept.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Since 1997, Muzak has used original artists for its music,<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> except on its Environmental channel.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A small contingent of Muzak's business continued to provide their trademarked background music sound where it remained popular, particularly in <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-A8_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-A8-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="New_business_model">New business model</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muzak&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: New business model"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Muzak was, since the 1940s, a franchise operation, with local offices each purchasing performance licenses for subscribers to the music, delivery technology, and brand name for their geographic areas. The company (franchisor) changed hands several times, becoming a division of the Field Corporation in the mid-1980s.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Through the 1980s and 1990s, Muzak moved away from the "elevator music" approach and instead began to offer multiple specialized channels of popular music. Muzak pioneered "audio architecture", a process of designing custom music playlists for specific customers. </p><p>Even with the changes in format, rocker <a href="/wiki/Ted_Nugent" title="Ted Nugent">Ted Nugent</a> used Muzak as an icon of everything "uncool" about music. In 1986, he publicly made a $10 million bid to purchase the company with the stated intent of shutting it down. "Muzak is an evil force in today's society, causing people to lapse into uncontrollable fits of blandness," Nugent said. "It's been responsible for ruining some of the best minds of our generation." His bid was refused by Muzak's then-owner, the <a href="/wiki/Westinghouse_Electric_Corporation" title="Westinghouse Electric Corporation">Westinghouse Electric Corporation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By the late 1990s, the Muzak corporation had largely rebranded itself. As of 2010, Muzak distributed 3 million commercially available original artist songs. <sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It offered almost 100 channels of music via satellite or IP delivery, in addition to completely custom music programs tailored to their customers' needs. </p><p>According to <a href="/wiki/EchoStar" title="EchoStar">EchoStar</a>, one of Muzak's distribution providers, Muzak's business music service was broadcast on rented bandwidth from <a href="/wiki/EchoStar_VII" title="EchoStar VII">EchoStar VII</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Geostationary_orbit" title="Geostationary orbit">geostationary orbit</a> at 119 degrees west longitude. Other rented bandwidth included an analog service on <a href="/wiki/Galaxy_3C" title="Galaxy 3C">Galaxy 3C</a> and a digital service on <a href="/wiki/SES-3" title="SES-3">SES-3</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-getfilings_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-getfilings-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On April 12, 2007, Muzak Holdings, LLC announced to its employees that it might merge with <a href="/wiki/DMX_(music)" class="mw-redirect" title="DMX (music)">DMX Music</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-A11_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-A11-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This merger was approved by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Justice" title="United States Department of Justice">Department of Justice</a> <a href="/wiki/Antitrust" class="mw-redirect" title="Antitrust">Antitrust</a> Division one year later.<sup id="cite_ref-A12_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-A12-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, by April 2009, the deal appeared to have faltered.<sup id="cite_ref-A13_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-A13-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On January 23, 2009, a spokesperson said Muzak was attempting to restructure its debt, and filing for <a href="/wiki/Bankruptcy" title="Bankruptcy">bankruptcy</a> was one of several options. The company had ample cash but had large amounts of debt coming due in the midst of a difficult economic climate.<sup id="cite_ref-A14_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-A14-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bankruptcy">Bankruptcy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muzak&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Bankruptcy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On February 10, 2009, Muzak Holdings LLC filed for <a href="/wiki/Chapter_11_bankruptcy_protection" class="mw-redirect" title="Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection">Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-A15_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-A15-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Kirkland_%26_Ellis" title="Kirkland & Ellis">Kirkland & Ellis</a> was hired as the company's bankruptcy law firm. <a href="/wiki/Moelis_%26_Company" title="Moelis & Company">Moelis & Company</a> served as the financial advisor. </p><p>On September 10, 2009, Muzak said it had filed a reorganization plan which would cut the company's debt by more than 50%. The plan would pay all banks everything they were owed in some form and would give high-ranking unsecured creditors ownership in the reorganized company. Other creditors would receive <a href="/wiki/Warrant_(finance)" title="Warrant (finance)">warrants</a> to buy stock.<sup id="cite_ref-A16_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-A16-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The company said an "overwhelming majority" of unsecured creditors supported the plan.<sup id="cite_ref-A17_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-A17-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Muzak_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Muzak_logo.svg/220px-Muzak_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="266" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Muzak_logo.svg/330px-Muzak_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Muzak_logo.svg/440px-Muzak_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="265" data-file-height="320" /></a><figcaption>Final logo</figcaption></figure> <p>On January 12, 2010, the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Bankruptcy_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Bankruptcy Court">U.S. Bankruptcy Court</a> approved the plan to reduce Muzak's debt by more than half, allowing Muzak to officially emerge from bankruptcy.<sup id="cite_ref-A18_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-A18-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following bankruptcy, the company announced an initiative to realign its corporate structure into three specialized business units: Muzak Media; Touch, a Muzak Co.; and Muzak Systems. These units will focus on content acquisition, Sensory Branding, and new delivery platform technology. </p><p>In March 2011, Mood Media agreed to purchase Muzak Holdings for $345 million.<sup id="cite_ref-A19_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-A19-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NPR_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NPR-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On February 5, 2013, Mood Media announced it was retiring the name 'Muzak' as part of its integration plans.<sup id="cite_ref-A20_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-A20-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mood_Media">Mood Media</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muzak&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Mood Media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Founded in 2004, <a href="/wiki/Mood_Media" title="Mood Media">Mood Media</a> had a market capitalization of about $380 million as of 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-WSJ_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WSJ-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In March 2011, Mood Media agreed to purchase Muzak Holdings for $345 million.<sup id="cite_ref-A19_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-A19-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NP_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NP-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although Muzak first appeared in 1934, it had its largest impact in the 1960s and 1970s.<sup id="cite_ref-NPR_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NPR-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2013, Mood Media announced it would be consolidating its services under the name Mood, ceasing to use the Muzak brand name.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Muzak provided background music to over 300,000 US locations and made most of its money through multi-year contracts.<sup id="cite_ref-WSJ_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WSJ-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2013, the company provided on-hold messaging and video programming, although piped music remained its forte. Mood hoped to use Muzak's US footprint to introduce more digital services.<sup id="cite_ref-A2_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-A2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In May 2017, Mood Media filed for Chapter 15 bankruptcy protection in an attempt to restructure their debt.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The following month the company was acquired by <a href="/wiki/Apollo_Global_Management" title="Apollo Global Management">Apollo Global Management</a> and <a href="/wiki/GSO_Capital_Partners" class="mw-redirect" title="GSO Capital Partners">GSO Capital Partners</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In July 2020, Mood Media filed for <a href="/wiki/Chapter_11,_Title_11,_United_States_Code" title="Chapter 11, Title 11, United States Code">bankruptcy</a>, with the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a> a major reason for its financial problems. The company emerged from bankruptcy in less than 24 hours due to the agreement of all stakeholders, strong strategic plan, and stable team.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In January 2021 Mood Media was acquired by Vector Capital, a private equity firm specializing in investments in technology businesses.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muzak&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Applied_Media_Technologies_Corporation" title="Applied Media Technologies Corporation">Applied Media Technologies Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Associated-Rediffusion" title="Associated-Rediffusion">Associated-Rediffusion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/InStore_Broadcasting_Network" class="mw-redirect" title="InStore Broadcasting Network">InStore Broadcasting Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_Choice" title="Music Choice">Music Choice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_While_You_Work" title="Music While You Work">Music While You Work</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trusonic" title="Trusonic">Trusonic</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Background_music" title="Background music">Background music</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3M" title="3M">3M</a> <a href="/wiki/Cantata_700" title="Cantata 700">Cantata 700</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seeburg_1000" title="Seeburg 1000">Seeburg 1000</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beautiful_music" title="Beautiful music">Beautiful music</a> radio format</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Easy_listening" title="Easy listening">Easy listening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genericized_trademark" class="mw-redirect" title="Genericized trademark">Genericized trademark</a></li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muzak&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-A1-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-A1_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ww2.muzak.wfrecruiter.com/layout1.asp?Page_id=5849">"Wfrecruiter.com"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 9,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wfrecruiter.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fww2.muzak.wfrecruiter.com%2Flayout1.asp%3FPage_id%3D5849&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuzak" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged July 2018">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-A2-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-A2_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-A2_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-A2_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-A2_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLuke_Baumgarten2012" class="citation web cs1">Luke Baumgarten (September 27, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150422002547/http://www.redbullmusicacademy.com/magazine/history-of-muzak">"Elevator Going Down: The Story Of Muzak"</a>. Redbull Music Academy. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.redbullmusicacademy.com/magazine/history-of-muzak">the original</a> on April 22, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 9,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Elevator+Going+Down%3A+The+Story+Of+Muzak&rft.pub=Redbull+Music+Academy&rft.date=2012-09-27&rft.au=Luke+Baumgarten&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.redbullmusicacademy.com%2Fmagazine%2Fhistory-of-muzak&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuzak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBlecha1956" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Blecha" title="Peter Blecha">Blecha, Peter</a> (June 19, 1956). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.historylink.org/File/10072">"Muzak, Inc. -- Originators of "Elevator Music"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>HistoryLink.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 10,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=HistoryLink.org&rft.atitle=Muzak%2C+Inc.+--+Originators+of+%22Elevator+Music%22&rft.date=1956-06-19&rft.aulast=Blecha&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.historylink.org%2FFile%2F10072&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuzak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-A19-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-A19_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-A19_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-A19_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDas2011" class="citation web cs1">Das, Anupreeta (March 24, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748703784004576220473535657098/">"Marketing analytics startup Adometry lands $8M from Shasta Ventures"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Wall_Street_Journal" title="The Wall Street Journal">The Wall Street Journal</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 31,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=Marketing+analytics+startup+Adometry+lands+%248M+from+Shasta+Ventures&rft.date=2011-03-24&rft.aulast=Das&rft.aufirst=Anupreeta&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2FSB10001424052748703784004576220473535657098%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuzak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NP-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NP_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NP_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.nationalpost.com/2011/03/25/torontos-mood-media-buys-muzak/">"Toronto's Mood Media buys Muzak"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/National_Post" title="National Post">National Post</a></i>. March 25, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 9,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Post&rft.atitle=Toronto%27s+Mood+Media+buys+Muzak&rft.date=2011-03-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.nationalpost.com%2F2011%2F03%2F25%2Ftorontos-mood-media-buys-muzak%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuzak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDunning" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Brian_Dunning_(author)" title="Brian Dunning (author)">Dunning, Brian</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://skeptoid.com/episodes/4370">"Skeptoid #370: The Science of Muzak"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Brian_Dunning_(author)#Skeptoid_podcasts" title="Brian Dunning (author)">Skeptoid</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 25,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Skeptoid&rft.atitle=Skeptoid+%23370%3A+The+Science+of+Muzak&rft.aulast=Dunning&rft.aufirst=Brian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fskeptoid.com%2Fepisodes%2F4370&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuzak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Amazon-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Amazon_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Amazon_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClarkLyons2014" class="citation book cs1">Clark, Paul W.; Lyons, Laurence A. (2014). <i>George Owen Squier: U.S. Army Major General, Inventor</i>. McFarland. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0786476350" title="Special:BookSources/978-0786476350"><bdi>978-0786476350</bdi></a>. <q>During the 1920s and '30s, Major General George Owen Squier was one of the most famous men in America and abroad, as a scientist, soldier, military ...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=George+Owen+Squier%3A+U.S.+Army+Major+General%2C+Inventor&rft.pub=McFarland&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-0786476350&rft.aulast=Clark&rft.aufirst=Paul+W.&rft.au=Lyons%2C+Laurence+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuzak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.historyofinformation.com/expanded.php?id=3821">"George Owen Squier Invents Muzak"</a>. <q>In 1922 American Army Signal Corps officer and inventor Major General George Owen Squier of Washington, D.C. created "Wired Radio," a service that ...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=George+Owen+Squier+Invents+Muzak&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.historyofinformation.com%2Fexpanded.php%3Fid%3D3821&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuzak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Areas.work-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Areas.work_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Areas.work_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.michiganradio.org/post/rise-elevator-muzak-began-michigan-inventor">"The rise of elevator Muzak began with this Michigan inventor"</a>. September 13, 2017. <q>Major General George Owen Squier. The name may not be familiar, but his work in the fields of aeronautics and radio communications ...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+rise+of+elevator+Muzak+began+with+this+Michigan+inventor&rft.date=2017-09-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.michiganradio.org%2Fpost%2Frise-elevator-muzak-began-michigan-inventor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuzak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-A3-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-A3_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://patents.google.com/patent/US1641608">"Patents"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 9,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Patents&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpatents.google.com%2Fpatent%2FUS1641608&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuzak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Isacoff-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Isacoff_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Isacoff_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStuart_Isacoff2014" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Stuart Isacoff (January 31, 2014). "Environmental music". <i>The Grove Dictionary of American Music</i>. 2nd Edition.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Grove+Dictionary+of+American+Music&rft.atitle=Environmental+music&rft.volume=2nd+Edition&rft.date=2014-01-31&rft.au=Stuart+Isacoff&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuzak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jarnow-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Jarnow_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJesse_Jarnow2013" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">Jesse Jarnow (July 25, 2013). "Elevator music". <i>The Grove Dictionary of American Music</i>. 2nd Edition.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Grove+Dictionary+of+American+Music&rft.atitle=Elevator+music&rft.volume=2nd+Edition&rft.date=2013-07-25&rft.au=Jesse+Jarnow&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuzak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Toop-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Toop_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFToop2001" class="citation journal cs1">Toop, David (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-0000043820">"Environmental Music [background music]"</a>. <i>Grove Music Online</i>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fgmo%2F9781561592630.article.43820">10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.43820</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-56159-263-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-56159-263-0"><bdi>978-1-56159-263-0</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 21,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Grove+Music+Online&rft.atitle=Environmental+Music+%5Bbackground+music%5D&rft.date=2001&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fgmo%2F9781561592630.article.43820&rft.isbn=978-1-56159-263-0&rft.aulast=Toop&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordmusiconline.com%2Fgrovemusic%2Fview%2F10.1093%2Fgmo%2F9781561592630.001.0001%2Fomo-9781561592630-e-0000043820&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuzak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fundinguniverse.com/company-histories/muzak-inc-history">"History of Muzak, Inc"</a>. <i>FundingUniverse.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=FundingUniverse.com&rft.atitle=History+of+Muzak%2C+Inc.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fundinguniverse.com%2Fcompany-histories%2Fmuzak-inc-history&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuzak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-A5-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-A5_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnika_Lampe2006" class="citation book cs1">Anika Lampe (2006). <i>Building a better consumerism. Kaufentscheidungen durch Musik am Beispiel des Klangkonzeptes der Mall of America</i>. University of Lueneburg.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Building+a+better+consumerism.+Kaufentscheidungen+durch+Musik+am+Beispiel+des+Klangkonzeptes+der+Mall+of+America&rft.pub=University+of+Lueneburg&rft.date=2006&rft.au=Anika+Lampe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuzak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lanza04-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-lanza04_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLanza2004" class="citation book cs1">Lanza, Joseph (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=co2HAgAAQBAJ"><i>Elevator Music: A Surreal History of Muzak, Easy-Listening, and Other Moodsong; Revised and Expanded Edition</i></a>. University of Michigan Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0472089420" title="Special:BookSources/0472089420"><bdi>0472089420</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Elevator+Music%3A+A+Surreal+History+of+Muzak%2C+Easy-Listening%2C+and+Other+Moodsong%3B+Revised+and+Expanded+Edition&rft.pub=University+of+Michigan+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0472089420&rft.aulast=Lanza&rft.aufirst=Joseph&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dco2HAgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuzak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-passman11-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-passman11_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPassman2011" class="citation book cs1">Passman, Donald S. (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=QtFh7bEVNUEC"><i>All You Need to Know About the Music Business</i></a>. RosettaBooks. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780795309779" title="Special:BookSources/9780795309779"><bdi>9780795309779</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=All+You+Need+to+Know+About+the+Music+Business&rft.pub=RosettaBooks&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=9780795309779&rft.aulast=Passman&rft.aufirst=Donald+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQtFh7bEVNUEC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuzak" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged August 2023">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-A7-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-A7_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJulia_Finch2009" class="citation news cs1">Julia Finch (February 11, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/business/2009/feb/11/globalrecession-useconomicgrowth">"Debt-laden Muzak finds that recession is a mute point"</a>. <i>The guardian</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 9,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+guardian&rft.atitle=Debt-laden+Muzak+finds+that+recession+is+a+mute+point&rft.date=2009-02-11&rft.au=Julia+Finch&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fbusiness%2F2009%2Ffeb%2F11%2Fglobalrecession-useconomicgrowth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuzak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ctyes-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ctyes_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1986-09-10-8603070753-story.html">"Yesco Merger Next for Muzak"</a>. Chicago Tribune. September 10, 1986.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Yesco+Merger+Next+for+Muzak&rft.date=1986-09-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.chicagotribune.com%2Fnews%2Fct-xpm-1986-09-10-8603070753-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuzak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOwen2006" class="citation magazine cs1">Owen, David (April 10, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newyorker.com/archive/2006/04/10/060410fa_fact?currentPage=3">"Annals of Culture: The Soundtrack of Your Life"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Yorker" title="The New Yorker">The New Yorker</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+Yorker&rft.atitle=Annals+of+Culture%3A+The+Soundtrack+of+Your+Life&rft.date=2006-04-10&rft.aulast=Owen&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.newyorker.com%2Farchive%2F2006%2F04%2F10%2F060410fa_fact%3FcurrentPage%3D3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuzak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070423113945/http://www.muzak.com/downloads/LE_programs.pdf">"Encompass LE Program Listing"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Muzak Corporation. November 10, 2006. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.muzak.com/downloads/LE_programs.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on April 23, 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 19,</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Encompass+LE+Program+Listing&rft.pub=Muzak+Corporation&rft.date=2006-11-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.muzak.com%2Fdownloads%2FLE_programs.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuzak" class="Z3988"></span> (<a href="/wiki/PDF" title="PDF">PDF</a>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-A8-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-A8_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ontheroadthroughasia.wordpress.com/2012/02/06/japans-muzak-obsession/">"On the Road Through Asia"</a>. February 6, 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 9,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=On+the+Road+Through+Asia&rft.date=2009-02-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fontheroadthroughasia.wordpress.com%2F2012%2F02%2F06%2Fjapans-muzak-obsession%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuzak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.historylink.org/File/10072">"Muzak, Inc. – Originators of 'Elevator Music'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>HistoryLink.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=HistoryLink.org&rft.atitle=Muzak%2C+Inc.+%E2%80%93+Originators+of+%27Elevator+Music%27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.historylink.org%2FFile%2F10072&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuzak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=Wa8yAAAAIBAJ&pg=3820%2C3480825">"Muzak to his ears"</a>. The Ottawa Citizen. March 17, 1986.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Muzak+to+his+ears&rft.pub=The+Ottawa+Citizen&rft.date=1986-03-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnews.google.com%2Fnewspapers%3Fid%3DWa8yAAAAIBAJ%26pg%3D3820%252C3480825&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuzak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kvmr.org/on-the-next-edition-of-the-other-side-sequestered-episode-15-muzak-elevator-music/">"On the next edition of The Other Side: Sequestered episode 15 "Muzak & Elevator Music". – KVMR Community Radio"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 19,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=On+the+next+edition+of+The+Other+Side%3A+Sequestered+episode+15+%E2%80%9CMuzak+%26+Elevator+Music%E2%80%9D.+%E2%80%93+KVMR+Community+Radio&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kvmr.org%2Fon-the-next-edition-of-the-other-side-sequestered-episode-15-muzak-elevator-music%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuzak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-getfilings-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-getfilings_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.getfilings.com/o0001193125-05-077673.html">"Muzak Holdings Finance Corp – 10-K Annual Report"</a>. getfilings.com. December 31, 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 2,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Muzak+Holdings+Finance+Corp+%E2%80%93+10-K+Annual+Report&rft.pub=getfilings.com&rft.date=2004-12-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.getfilings.com%2Fo0001193125-05-077673.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuzak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-A11-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-A11_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_Downey2007" class="citation cs2">John Downey (April 13, 2007), <i>Muzak Seeks Merger with Rival DMX</i>, Charlotte Business Journal</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Muzak+Seeks+Merger+with+Rival+DMX&rft.pub=Charlotte+Business+Journal&rft.date=2007-04-13&rft.au=John+Downey&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuzak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-A12-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-A12_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/muzak-and-dmx-receive-doj-clearance-to-merge-57137607.html">"Muzak and DMX Receive DOJ Clearance to Merge"</a>. PR Newswire<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 9,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Muzak+and+DMX+Receive+DOJ+Clearance+to+Merge&rft.pub=PR+Newswire&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.prnewswire.com%2Fnews-releases%2Fmuzak-and-dmx-receive-doj-clearance-to-merge-57137607.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuzak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-A13-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-A13_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPete_Iacobelli2009" class="citation news cs1">Pete Iacobelli (April 6, 2009). "Muzak Is Still Upbeat". The News & Observer.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Muzak+Is+Still+Upbeat&rft.date=2009-04-06&rft.au=Pete+Iacobelli&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuzak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-A14-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-A14_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdam_Bell2009" class="citation news cs1">Adam Bell (January 24, 2009). "Muzak Facing Hard Choices". The News & Observer.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Muzak+Facing+Hard+Choices&rft.date=2009-01-24&rft.au=Adam+Bell&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuzak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-A15-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-A15_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><i>Muzak files for bankruptcy under heavy debt</i>, Associated Press, February 10, 2009</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Muzak+files+for+bankruptcy+under+heavy+debt&rft.pub=Associated+Press&rft.date=2009-02-10&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuzak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-A16-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-A16_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1">"Muzak reorganization plan cuts debt in half". MSN Money (Associated Press). September 10, 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Muzak+reorganization+plan+cuts+debt+in+half&rft.date=2009-09-10&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuzak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-A17-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-A17_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRochelle,_Bill2009" class="citation cs2">Rochelle, Bill (September 11, 2009), <i>A chorus of support from Muzak creditors</i>, The Charlotte Observer</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+chorus+of+support+from+Muzak+creditors&rft.pub=The+Charlotte+Observer&rft.date=2009-09-11&rft.au=Rochelle%2C+Bill&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuzak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-A18-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-A18_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAronoff2010" class="citation news cs1">Aronoff (January 13, 2010). "Muzak poised to exit bankruptcy". The Charlotte Observer.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Muzak+poised+to+exit+bankruptcy&rft.date=2010-01-13&rft.au=Aronoff&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuzak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NPR-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NPR_35-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NPR_35-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.npr.org/2013/02/05/171191578/easy-listening-muzak-reborn-as-mood-media">"Easy-Listening 'Muzak' Reborn As 'Mood Media'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. NPR Music. February 5, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 9,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Easy-Listening+%27Muzak%27+Reborn+As+%27Mood+Media%27&rft.pub=NPR+Music&rft.date=2013-02-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.npr.org%2F2013%2F02%2F05%2F171191578%2Feasy-listening-muzak-reborn-as-mood-media&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuzak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-A20-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-A20_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSisario,_Ben2013" class="citation cs2">Sisario, Ben (February 4, 2013), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/05/business/muzak-background-music-to-life-to-lose-its-name.html">"Muzak, Background Music to Life, to Lose Its Name"</a>, <i>New York Times</i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Muzak%2C+Background+Music+to+Life%2C+to+Lose+Its+Name&rft.date=2013-02-04&rft.au=Sisario%2C+Ben&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2013%2F02%2F05%2Fbusiness%2Fmuzak-background-music-to-life-to-lose-its-name.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuzak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/m000tlw8#:~:text=This%20programme%20serves%20as%20part,use%20or%20misuse%20of%20technology."><i>The Day the Muzak Died</i></a>, BBC radio documentary by Falling Tree Productions, broadcast 30 March 2021</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WSJ-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-WSJ_38-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WSJ_38-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnupreeta_Das2011" class="citation web cs1">Anupreeta Das (March 24, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748703784004576220473535657098">"Mood Media to Acquire Muzak for $305 Million"</a>. The Wall Street Journal<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 9,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mood+Media+to+Acquire+Muzak+for+%24305+Million&rft.pub=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.date=2011-03-24&rft.au=Anupreeta+Das&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wsj.com%2Farticles%2FSB10001424052748703784004576220473535657098&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuzak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NYT_39-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBen_Sisario2013" class="citation news cs1">Ben Sisario (February 4, 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/05/business/muzak-background-music-to-life-to-lose-its-name.html?_r=2&">"Muzak, Background Music to Life, to Lose Its Name"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 9,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Muzak%2C+Background+Music+to+Life%2C+to+Lose+Its+Name&rft.date=2013-02-04&rft.au=Ben+Sisario&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2013%2F02%2F05%2Fbusiness%2Fmuzak-background-music-to-life-to-lose-its-name.html%3F_r%3D2%26&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuzak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSanchez2017" class="citation news cs1">Sanchez, Daniel (May 25, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.digitalmusicnews.com/2017/05/25/mood-media-muzak-bankruptcy/">"Mood Media, Muzak's Parent Company, Seeks Federal Bankruptcy Court Protection"</a>. <i>Digital Music News</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 3,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Digital+Music+News&rft.atitle=Mood+Media%2C+Muzak%27s+Parent+Company%2C+Seeks+Federal+Bankruptcy+Court+Protection&rft.date=2017-05-25&rft.aulast=Sanchez&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.digitalmusicnews.com%2F2017%2F05%2F25%2Fmood-media-muzak-bankruptcy%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuzak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLazarus2017" class="citation news cs1">Lazarus, David (July 7, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.latimes.com/business/lazarus/la-fi-lazarus-store-music-20170707-story.html">"Whatever happened to Muzak? It's now Mood, and it's not elevator music"</a>. <i>Los Angeles Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 3,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Angeles+Times&rft.atitle=Whatever+happened+to+Muzak%3F+It%27s+now+Mood%2C+and+it%27s+not+elevator+music&rft.date=2017-07-07&rft.aulast=Lazarus&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.latimes.com%2Fbusiness%2Flazarus%2Fla-fi-lazarus-store-music-20170707-story.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuzak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.statesman.com/business/20200803/austinrsquos-mood-media-emerges-from-chapter-11-bankruptcy">"Austin's Mood Media emerges from Chapter 11 bankruptcy"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Austin_American-Statesman" title="Austin American-Statesman">Austin American-Statesman</a></i>. August 3, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 12,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Austin+American-Statesman&rft.atitle=Austin%27s+Mood+Media+emerges+from+Chapter+11+bankruptcy&rft.date=2020-08-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.statesman.com%2Fbusiness%2F20200803%2Faustinrsquos-mood-media-emerges-from-chapter-11-bankruptcy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuzak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bizjournals.com/austin/news/2020/08/03/mood-media-emerges-bankruptcy.html">"Mood Media emerges from bankruptcy after just one day"</a>. <i>Austin Business Journal</i>. August 3, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 12,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Austin+Business+Journal&rft.atitle=Mood+Media+emerges+from+bankruptcy+after+just+one+day&rft.date=2020-08-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bizjournals.com%2Faustin%2Fnews%2F2020%2F08%2F03%2Fmood-media-emerges-bankruptcy.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuzak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://us.moodmedia.com/company/news/vector-capital-completes-acquisition-of-mood-media/">"Vector Capital Completes Acquisition of Mood Media"</a>. January 7, 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Vector+Capital+Completes+Acquisition+of+Mood+Media&rft.date=2021-01-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fus.moodmedia.com%2Fcompany%2Fnews%2Fvector-capital-completes-acquisition-of-mood-media%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuzak" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muzak&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikiquote-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/34px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/51px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/68px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikiquote has quotations related to <i><b><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Muzak" class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Muzak">Muzak</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Look up <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Muzak" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Muzak">Muzak</a></b></i> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://us.moodmedia.com/">"Multi-Sensory Branding | Brand Marketing Agency | Neuromarketing | Muzak"</a>. muzak.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 25,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Multi-Sensory+Branding+%26%23124%3B+Brand+Marketing+Agency+%26%23124%3B+Neuromarketing+%26%23124%3B+Muzak&rft.pub=muzak.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fus.moodmedia.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuzak" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://beta.prx.org/stories/6674">"PRX » Piece » The Wire Episode 5: The Sound Around"</a>. prx.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 25,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=PRX+%C2%BB+Piece+%C2%BB+The+Wire+Episode+5%3A+The+Sound+Around&rft.pub=prx.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbeta.prx.org%2Fstories%2F6674&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuzak" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.moodmedia.com">"Mood Media"</a>. moodmedia.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 25,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mood+Media&rft.pub=moodmedia.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.moodmedia.com&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMuzak" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Lanza, Joseph . <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.press.umich.edu/titleDetailDesc.do?id=8718">Elevator Music: A Surreal History of Muzak</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Michigan_Press" title="University of Michigan Press">University of Michigan Press</a>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-472-08942-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-472-08942-0">978-0-472-08942-0</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://media.hyperreal.org/zines/est/articles/muzak.html">Muzak</a> Article about elevator music</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newyorker.com/archive/2006/04/10/060410fa_fact?printable=true">The Soundtrack of Your Life</a> New Yorker Article</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gillianweir.com/articles/english-language-articles/interview-on-music-muzak-noise-silence-and-thought/">Music, Muzak, Noise, Silence and Thought</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161116015513/http://gillianweir.com/articles/english-language-articles/interview-on-music-muzak-noise-silence-and-thought/">Archived</a> November 16, 2016, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Easy_listening18" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Easy_listening" title="Template:Easy listening"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Easy_listening" title="Template talk:Easy listening"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Easy_listening" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Easy listening"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Easy_listening18" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Easy_listening" title="Easy listening">Easy listening</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beautiful_music" title="Beautiful music">Beautiful music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chill-out_music" title="Chill-out music">Chill-out music</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lofi_hip_hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Lofi hip hop">Lofi hip hop</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elevator_music" title="Elevator music">Elevator music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exotica" title="Exotica">Exotica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Light_music" title="Light music">Light music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lounge_music" title="Lounge music">Lounge music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_of_the_road_(music)" title="Middle of the road (music)">Middle of the road</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Muzak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orchestral_pop" title="Orchestral pop">Orchestral pop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_age_pop" title="Space age pop">Space age pop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunshine_pop" title="Sunshine pop">Sunshine pop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_pop" title="Traditional pop">Traditional pop</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Muzak&oldid=1266260374">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Muzak&oldid=1266260374</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Entertainment_companies_established_in_1934" title="Category:Entertainment companies established in 1934">Entertainment companies established in 1934</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Products_introduced_in_1934" title="Category:Products introduced in 1934">Products introduced in 1934</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1937_mergers_and_acquisitions" title="Category:1937 mergers and acquisitions">1937 mergers and acquisitions</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1981_mergers_and_acquisitions" title="Category:1981 mergers and acquisitions">1981 mergers and acquisitions</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1986_mergers_and_acquisitions" title="Category:1986 mergers and acquisitions">1986 mergers and acquisitions</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:2011_mergers_and_acquisitions" title="Category:2011 mergers and acquisitions">2011 mergers and acquisitions</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Brands_that_became_generic" title="Category:Brands that became generic">Brands that became generic</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Easy_listening_music" title="Category:Easy listening music">Easy listening music</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Industrial_music_services" title="Category:Industrial music services">Industrial music services</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Music_companies_of_the_United_States" title="Category:Music companies of the United States">Music companies of the United States</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Recorded_music" title="Category:Recorded music">Recorded music</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Companies_that_filed_for_Chapter_11_bankruptcy_in_2009" title="Category:Companies that filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in 2009">Companies that filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in 2009</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Companies_that_filed_for_Chapter_11_bankruptcy_in_2020" title="Category:Companies that filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in 2020">Companies that filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in 2020</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Companies_that_have_filed_for_Chapter_15_bankruptcy" title="Category:Companies that have filed for Chapter 15 bankruptcy">Companies that have filed for Chapter 15 bankruptcy</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_dead_external_links" title="Category:All articles with dead external links">All articles with dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_July_2018" title="Category:Articles with dead external links from July 2018">Articles with dead external links from July 2018</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_permanently_dead_external_links" title="Category:Articles with permanently dead external links">Articles with permanently dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1:_long_volume_value" title="Category:CS1: long volume value">CS1: long volume value</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_August_2023" title="Category:Articles with dead external links from August 2023">Articles with dead external links from August 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_November_2014" title="Category:Use mdy dates from November 2014">Use mdy dates from November 2014</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_October_2020" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from October 2020">Articles with unsourced statements from October 2020</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 30 December 2024, at 21:15<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Muzak&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" lang="en" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><picture><source media="(min-width: 500px)" srcset="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" width="88" height="31"><img src="/w/resources/assets/mediawiki_compact.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="25" height="25" loading="lazy"></picture></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-header-container vector-sticky-header-container"> <div id="vector-sticky-header" class="vector-sticky-header"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-start"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-start vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" aria-hidden="true"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-sticky-header-search-toggle" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.vector-sticky-search-form.icon"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </button> </div> <div role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box"> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="vector-sticky-search-form" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia"> <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-sticky-header-toc vector-sticky-header-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-sticky-header-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-sticky-header-toc-label" for="vector-sticky-header-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-sticky-header-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div class="vector-sticky-header-context-bar-primary" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="mw-page-title-main">Muzak</span></div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-end" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-history"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only mw-watchlink" id="ca-watchstar-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="watch-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-star mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-star"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="wikitext-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikiText mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-wikiText"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-ve-edit-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>2 languages</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Add topic</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-b766959bd-xd5mc","wgBackendResponseTime":184,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.679","walltime":"0.853","ppvisitednodes":{"value":3462,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":84808,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":4679,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":17,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":9,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":166317,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 772.408 1 -total"," 46.78% 361.304 1 Template:Reflist"," 22.90% 176.914 22 Template:Cite_web"," 12.36% 95.443 1 Template:Easy_listening"," 12.06% 93.141 1 Template:Navbox"," 8.83% 68.216 1 Template:Short_description"," 7.36% 56.823 3 Template:Fix"," 7.30% 56.358 12 Template:Cite_news"," 5.42% 41.847 2 Template:Pagetype"," 4.52% 34.935 1 Template:Cn"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.445","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":6321936,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.canary-6b89c8ff8f-vq6mm","timestamp":"20250211202228","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Muzak","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Muzak","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q108796044","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q108796044","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2003-06-03T01:30:58Z","dateModified":"2024-12-30T21:15:31Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/9\/91\/Muzak_truck.jpg","headline":"brand of background music"}</script> </body> </html>