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data-title="মেরিন কর মার্শাল আর্টস প্রোগ্রাম" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ameerika_%C3%9Chendriikide_merejalav%C3%A4e_k%C3%A4sitsiv%C3%B5itluse_baaskursus" title="Ameerika Ühendriikide merejalaväe käsitsivõitluse baaskursus – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ameerika Ühendriikide merejalaväe käsitsivõitluse baaskursus" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programa_de_Artes_Marciales_del_Cuerpo_de_Marines" title="Programa de Artes Marciales del Cuerpo de Marines – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Programa de Artes Marciales del Cuerpo de Marines" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%B1%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%B1%D8%B2%D9%85%DB%8C_%D8%AA%D9%81%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%AD%D8%AF%D9%87" title="هنرهای رزمی تفنگداران دریایی ایالات متحده – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="هنرهای رزمی تفنگداران دریایی ایالات متحده" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marine_Corps_Martial_Arts_Program" title="Marine Corps Martial Arts Program – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Marine Corps Martial Arts Program" data-language-autonym="Français" 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.infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">Marine Corps Martial Arts Program</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:MCMAP1insignia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/MCMAP1insignia.jpg/250px-MCMAP1insignia.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/MCMAP1insignia.jpg/375px-MCMAP1insignia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/MCMAP1insignia.jpg/500px-MCMAP1insignia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="523" data-file-height="470" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">MCMAP logo</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Focus</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hybrid_martial_arts" title="Hybrid martial arts">Hybrid</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country of origin</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span>United States</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Creator</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flag_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="5940" data-file-height="4680" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">United States Marine Corps</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parenthood</th><td class="infobox-data">Real life-based combat gun training and weapon training</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Marine Corps Martial Arts Program</b> (<b>MCMAP</b>, <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'m' in 'my'">m</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="'m' in 'my'">m</span><span title="/æ/: 'a' in 'bad'">æ</span><span title="'p' in 'pie'">p</span></span>/</a></span></span>) is a combat system developed by the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps" title="United States Marine Corps">United States Marine Corps</a> to combine existing and new <a href="/wiki/Hand-to-hand_combat" title="Hand-to-hand combat">hand-to-hand</a> and <a href="/wiki/Close_combat" class="mw-redirect" title="Close combat">close quarters combat</a> techniques with morale and team-building functions and instruction in the warrior ethos.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The program, which began in 2001, trains Marines (and <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">U.S. Navy</a> personnel attached to Marine units) in unarmed combat, edged weapons, weapons of opportunity, and rifle and <a href="/wiki/Bayonet" title="Bayonet">bayonet</a> techniques. </p><p>It also stresses mental and character development, including the responsible use of force, leadership, and teamwork. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marine_Corps_Martial_Arts_Program&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MCMAP_in_New_York_City.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/MCMAP_in_New_York_City.jpg/220px-MCMAP_in_New_York_City.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/MCMAP_in_New_York_City.jpg/330px-MCMAP_in_New_York_City.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/MCMAP_in_New_York_City.jpg/440px-MCMAP_in_New_York_City.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3504" data-file-height="2336" /></a><figcaption>Marines demonstrate MCMAP in <a href="/wiki/Times_Square" title="Times Square">Times Square</a> for <a href="/wiki/Fleet_Week" title="Fleet Week">Fleet Week</a> 2010</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:General_James_L._Jones_visits_MCRD_San_Diego,_California_(24_January_2002).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/General_James_L._Jones_visits_MCRD_San_Diego%2C_California_%2824_January_2002%29.png/220px-General_James_L._Jones_visits_MCRD_San_Diego%2C_California_%2824_January_2002%29.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/General_James_L._Jones_visits_MCRD_San_Diego%2C_California_%2824_January_2002%29.png/330px-General_James_L._Jones_visits_MCRD_San_Diego%2C_California_%2824_January_2002%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/General_James_L._Jones_visits_MCRD_San_Diego%2C_California_%2824_January_2002%29.png/440px-General_James_L._Jones_visits_MCRD_San_Diego%2C_California_%2824_January_2002%29.png 2x" data-file-width="1106" data-file-height="668" /></a><figcaption>2 MCMAP instructors with General <a href="/wiki/James_L._Jones" title="James L. Jones">James L. Jones</a> in January 2002 at MCRD San Diego</figcaption></figure> <p>The MCMAP was officially created by Marine Corps Order 1500.54, published in 2002, as a "revolutionary step in the development of martial arts skills for Marines and replaces all other close-combat related systems preceding its introduction."<sup id="cite_ref-MCO1500_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MCO1500-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> MCMAP comes from an evolution dating back to the creation of the Marine Corps, beginning with the martial abilities of Marine <a href="/wiki/Boarding_(attack)#Boarding_in_the_Age_of_Sail" class="mw-redirect" title="Boarding (attack)">boarding</a> parties, who often had to rely on bayonet and <a href="/wiki/Cutlass" title="Cutlass">cutlass</a> techniques. During <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a> these bayonet techniques were supplemented with unarmed combat techniques, which often proved useful in <a href="/wiki/Trench_warfare" title="Trench warfare">trench warfare</a>. Between the world wars, <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Joseph_Drexel_Biddle_Sr." title="Anthony Joseph Drexel Biddle Sr.">Colonel Anthony J. Biddle</a> began the creation of standardized bayonet and close combat techniques based on <a href="/wiki/Boxing" title="Boxing">boxing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wrestling" title="Wrestling">wrestling</a>, <a href="/wiki/Savate" title="Savate">savate</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fencing" title="Fencing">fencing</a>. Also during this period, Captains <a href="/wiki/Wallace_M._Greene" title="Wallace M. Greene">Wallace M. Greene</a> and <a href="/wiki/Samuel_B._Griffith" title="Samuel B. Griffith">Samuel B. Griffith</a> learned <a href="/wiki/Chinese_martial_arts" title="Chinese martial arts">Kung Fu</a> techniques from Chinese American Marines and brought this knowledge to other Marines throughout the Marine Corps. </p><p>In 1956, at <a href="/wiki/Marine_Corps_Recruit_Depot_San_Diego" title="Marine Corps Recruit Depot San Diego">Marine Corps Recruit Depot (MCRD) San Diego</a>, Lieutenant Colonel Ralph Hayward (captain of the <a href="/wiki/Judo" title="Judo">Judo</a> team at MCRD) made <a href="/wiki/Gunnery_sergeant" title="Gunnery sergeant">Gunnery Sergeant</a> Bill Miller the new <a href="/wiki/Non-Commissioned_Officer_in_Charge" title="Non-Commissioned Officer in Charge">Non-Commissioned Officer in Charge</a> of hand-to-hand combat. Miller was ordered to develop a new curriculum that any Marine could use to quickly kill the enemy. Miller created the program from various martial arts such as Okinawan <a href="/wiki/Karate#Okinawa" title="Karate">karate</a>, <a href="/wiki/Judo" title="Judo">judo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taekwondo" title="Taekwondo">taekwondo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boxing" title="Boxing">boxing</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Jujutsu" title="Jujutsu">jujutsu</a>. Every Marine recruit that went through MCRD was instructed in Miller's combat curriculum. This also included <a href="/wiki/Special_forces" title="Special forces">special operations forces</a> from all branches of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Armed_Forces" title="United States Armed Forces">military</a> and civilian entities. Later in 2001, retired Gunnery Sergeant Bill Miller was awarded the Black Belt <a href="/wiki/Emeritus" title="Emeritus">Emeritus</a> "for pioneering Martial Arts in the United States Marine Corps." </p><p>Eventually these different techniques evolved into the <a href="/wiki/LINE_(combat_system)" title="LINE (combat system)">LINE System</a> in the early 1980s. Later, the system was found to be lacking in flexibility and techniques for use in situations that did not require lethal force, such as <a href="/wiki/Peacekeeping" title="Peacekeeping">peacekeeping</a> operations. The Marine Corps began searching for a more effective system. The result was the Marine Corps close combat training program implemented in 1997–1999. MCMAP was implemented as part of a <a href="/wiki/Commandant_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps" title="Commandant of the United States Marine Corps">Commandant of the Marine Corps</a> initiative in summer 2000. Commandant <a href="/wiki/James_L._Jones" title="James L. Jones">James L. Jones</a> assigned Lieutenant Colonel George Bristol and Master Gunnery Sergeant Cardo Urso, with almost 70 years of martial arts experience between them, to establish the new MCMAP curriculum. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Structure_and_belt_system">Structure and belt system</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marine_Corps_Martial_Arts_Program&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Structure and belt system"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MCMAP_Belt_Structure.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/MCMAP_Belt_Structure.svg/300px-MCMAP_Belt_Structure.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="375" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/MCMAP_Belt_Structure.svg/450px-MCMAP_Belt_Structure.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/MCMAP_Belt_Structure.svg/600px-MCMAP_Belt_Structure.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption>MCMAP Belts</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Dan_(rank)" title="Dan (rank)">Dan (rank)</a></div> <p>The program uses an advancement system of colored belts similar to that of most martial arts. The different levels of belts are: </p> <ul><li><b>Tan belt</b>, the lowest color belt and conducted during entry-level training, signifies the basic understanding of the mental, physical, and character disciplines. It is the minimum requirement of all Marines with a training time of 27.5 hours and has no prerequisites. Recruits receive these belts after completion of a practical application test on all of the basic techniques of the Tan Belt.</li> <li><b>Gray belt</b> is the second belt attained after 25 hours of training. It signifies an intermediate understanding of the basic disciplines.</li> <li><b>Green belt</b> is the third belt, requiring 25 hours of training. This belt signifies understanding of the intermediate fundamentals of the different disciplines. This is the first belt level in which one can become an instructor, which allows him or her to teach tan, grey, and green belt techniques with the power to award the appropriate belt. The prerequisites for this belt include a recommendation from reporting senior.</li> <li><b>Brown belt</b> is the fourth belt level requiring 33 hours of training. It introduces Marines to the advanced fundamentals of each discipline. In addition, as with green belts, they may be certified as instructors and teach tan through brown techniques. Prerequisites for this belt include recommendation of reporting senior.</li> <li><b>Black belt</b> 1st degree is the highest belt color and requires 40 hours of supervised training. It signifies knowledge of the advanced fundamentals of the different disciplines. A 1st degree black belt instructor may teach fundamentals from tan to black belt and award the appropriate belt. In addition, a black belt can become an instructor-trainer, which authorizes them to teach and award all belts, as well as teach and certify instructors. Prerequisites include recommendation of reporting senior.</li></ul> <p>There are an additional five degrees of black belt, with several of the same common prerequisites, including recommendation of reporting senior, appropriate level of <a href="/wiki/Professional_military_education_in_the_United_States_Air_Force" title="Professional military education in the United States Air Force">professional military education</a> completed, and current instructor status. Black belt 2nd degree to 6th degree signify that the holder is an authority in the Marine Corps Martial Arts Program. In addition to the above prerequisite, each belt also has its own rank requirements. </p><p>Because the belts are worn with the <a href="/wiki/Marine_Corps_Combat_Utility_Uniform" title="Marine Corps Combat Utility Uniform">Marine Corps Combat Utility Uniform</a>, the complete range of belt colors such as red, yellow, or purple are excluded as a practical consideration. Once Marines obtain their green belt, they can attend an additional training course (such as those at the two <a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps_School_of_Infantry" title="United States Marine Corps School of Infantry">Schools of Infantry</a>) to become a martial arts instructor (secondary <a href="/wiki/United_States_military_occupation_code" title="United States military occupation code">Military Occupational Specialty</a> (MOS) 0916, formerly 8551). </p><p>MCMAP instructors can train and certify other Marines up to their current belt level.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The instructor status is signified by one vertical tan stripe on the MCMAP belt. A Marine must have attended at least the Martial Arts Instructor (MAI) course to advance beyond first degree black belt. The only one who can train a Marine to be an instructor are black belt Martial Arts Instructor-Trainers (MAIT). An instructor-trainer's status is signified by a vertical red stripe on the MCMAP belt and a secondary MOS of 0917 (formerly 8552). To become a MAIT, a Marine must have already completed a local MAI course. The Marine then attends the MAIT course at the Martial Arts Center of Excellence located at <a href="/wiki/Marine_Raider_Museum" title="Marine Raider Museum">Raider Hall</a> at <a href="/wiki/Marine_Corps_Base_Quantico" title="Marine Corps Base Quantico">Marine Corps Base Quantico</a>. </p><p>MCMAP techniques can be taught to other services and to foreign military members, and belts are awarded to those who complete the course.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Disciplines">Disciplines</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marine_Corps_Martial_Arts_Program&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Disciplines"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:USMC-110221-M-4388Z-001.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/USMC-110221-M-4388Z-001.jpg/220px-USMC-110221-M-4388Z-001.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="299" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/USMC-110221-M-4388Z-001.jpg/330px-USMC-110221-M-4388Z-001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/USMC-110221-M-4388Z-001.jpg/440px-USMC-110221-M-4388Z-001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2189" data-file-height="2975" /></a><figcaption> “One mind, any weapon.” The motto focuses on developing mental strength as well as physical<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>"MCMAP is a synergy of mental, character, and physical disciplines with application across the full spectrum of violence."<sup id="cite_ref-MCO1500_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MCO1500-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The disciplines are the foundation of the MCMAP system, as it serves a dual purpose. MCMAP was implemented to increase the combat efficiency, as well as to increase the confidence and leadership abilities, of Marines. Marines are required to develop the mind, body and spirit simultaneously and equally. Safety is also of importance, so equipment such as mouthguards and pads are used in conjunction with techniques such as half-speed practice and break-falls to prevent injury. </p><p>The Commandant of the Marine Corps determined that the disciplines studied in MCMAP are integral to the function of Marines and had ordered that all Marines attain a tan belt qualification by the end of 2007. Additionally, all infantry Marines are required to attain a green belt qualification, and other combat arms must attain a gray belt.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mental">Mental</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marine_Corps_Martial_Arts_Program&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Mental"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Warrior Studies focus on individuals that have shown exemplary service on the battlefield, as well as discussion and analysis of combat citations. Martial culture studies focus on societies that produce warriors either primarily or exclusively. Some of the martial cultures that are studied are the <a href="/wiki/Marine_Raiders" title="Marine Raiders">Marine Raiders</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sparta" title="Sparta">Spartans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zulu_people" title="Zulu people">Zulu</a> and <a href="/wiki/Apache" title="Apache">Apache</a>. By studying these cultures, Marines learn fundamental tactics and methods of the past and reconnect themselves with the warrior ethos of the Marine Corps. Combative behavior studies interpersonal violence, as well as <a href="/wiki/Rules_of_engagement" title="Rules of engagement">rules of engagement</a> and the force continuum (which dictates when and how much force can be used in response to the mission, up to and including <a href="/wiki/Deadly_force" title="Deadly force">lethal force</a>). The development of this discipline also stresses situational awareness, tactical and strategic decision-making, and operational risk management. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Character">Character</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marine_Corps_Martial_Arts_Program&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Character"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The purpose of this discipline is to create "ethical warriors." It involves discussion on Marine Corps core values, ethics, and good citizenship. An instructor can fail a Marine if he or she feels that the student does not adequately possess honor, courage, and commitment. Some belts also require the approval of the commanding officer before being awarded. The force continuum is discussed, allowing a Marine to responsibly use the minimum amount of force necessary, including lethal force. Leadership qualities are also stressed. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Physical">Physical</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marine_Corps_Martial_Arts_Program&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Physical"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In MCMAP, only a third of the training involves techniques and physical development. The physical discipline includes the training of fighting techniques, strength, and endurance. This discipline also includes sustainment of skills and techniques already taught, in order to improve skill as well as develop weak-side proficiency. <a href="/wiki/Ground_fighting" title="Ground fighting">Ground fighting</a>, <a href="/wiki/Grappling" title="Grappling">grappling</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pugil_stick" title="Pugil stick">pugil bouts</a>, bayonet dummies, and other techniques are used to familiarize Marines with the application of the techniques used. In addition, physical strength and endurance are <a href="/wiki/Aliveness_(martial_arts)" class="mw-redirect" title="Aliveness (martial arts)">tested and improved</a> with various techniques that often require teamwork or competition, such as <a href="/wiki/Calisthenics" title="Calisthenics">calisthenics</a>, running with full gear, log carries, and boxing matches. Techniques can also be practiced in water or in low-light conditions to simulate combat stress. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Techniques">Techniques</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marine_Corps_Martial_Arts_Program&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Techniques"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>MCMAP draws influences from several disciplines including <a href="/wiki/Brazilian_jiu-jitsu" title="Brazilian jiu-jitsu">Brazilian jiu-jitsu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wrestling" title="Wrestling">Wrestling</a>, <a href="/wiki/Judo" title="Judo">Judo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Capoeira" title="Capoeira">Capoeira</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sambo_(martial_art)" title="Sambo (martial art)">Sambo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bujinkan" title="Bujinkan">Bujinkan Budo Taijutsu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Boxing" title="Boxing">boxing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Savate" title="Savate">Savate</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kickboxing" title="Kickboxing">kickboxing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Isshin-ry%C5%AB" title="Isshin-ryū">Isshin-ryū</a> <a href="/wiki/Karate" title="Karate">Karate</a>, <a href="/wiki/Muay_Thai" title="Muay Thai">Muay Thai</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taekwondo" title="Taekwondo">Taekwondo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chinese_martial_arts" title="Chinese martial arts">Kung Fu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aikido" title="Aikido">Aikido</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hapkido" title="Hapkido">Hapkido</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arnis" title="Arnis">Eskrima</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arnis_in_popular_culture" title="Arnis in popular culture">Sayoc Kali</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jujutsu" title="Jujutsu">Jujutsu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Krav_Maga" title="Krav Maga">Krav Maga</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iaido" title="Iaido">Iaido</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kendo" title="Kendo">Kendo</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Kobudo" class="mw-redirect" title="Kobudo">Kobudo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MCMAP1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/MCMAP1.jpg/220px-MCMAP1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/MCMAP1.jpg/330px-MCMAP1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/MCMAP1.jpg/440px-MCMAP1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3504" data-file-height="2336" /></a><figcaption>Marines practice MCMAP after being exposed to <a href="/wiki/Pepper_spray" title="Pepper spray">Pepper spray</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MCMAP2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/MCMAP2.jpg/220px-MCMAP2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/MCMAP2.jpg/330px-MCMAP2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/MCMAP2.jpg/440px-MCMAP2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="1400" /></a><figcaption>Marines practice ground fighting in the rain.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MCMAP_shoulder_throw.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/MCMAP_shoulder_throw.JPG/220px-MCMAP_shoulder_throw.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="245" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/MCMAP_shoulder_throw.JPG/330px-MCMAP_shoulder_throw.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/MCMAP_shoulder_throw.JPG/440px-MCMAP_shoulder_throw.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="1708" /></a><figcaption>Marines practice throws.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Combat_knife_attached_to_gun.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Combat_knife_attached_to_gun.jpg/220px-Combat_knife_attached_to_gun.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="242" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Combat_knife_attached_to_gun.jpg/330px-Combat_knife_attached_to_gun.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Combat_knife_attached_to_gun.jpg/440px-Combat_knife_attached_to_gun.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1089" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Marines practice bayonet techniques.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2nd_MAW_trains_keepers_of_the_peace_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/2nd_MAW_trains_keepers_of_the_peace_02.jpg/220px-2nd_MAW_trains_keepers_of_the_peace_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/2nd_MAW_trains_keepers_of_the_peace_02.jpg/330px-2nd_MAW_trains_keepers_of_the_peace_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/2nd_MAW_trains_keepers_of_the_peace_02.jpg/440px-2nd_MAW_trains_keepers_of_the_peace_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="533" /></a><figcaption>Marines practice unarmed manipulations.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Raider_Hall_(Marine_Corps_Base_Quantico)_001_crop.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Raider_Hall_%28Marine_Corps_Base_Quantico%29_001_crop.jpg/220px-Raider_Hall_%28Marine_Corps_Base_Quantico%29_001_crop.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Raider_Hall_%28Marine_Corps_Base_Quantico%29_001_crop.jpg/330px-Raider_Hall_%28Marine_Corps_Base_Quantico%29_001_crop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Raider_Hall_%28Marine_Corps_Base_Quantico%29_001_crop.jpg/440px-Raider_Hall_%28Marine_Corps_Base_Quantico%29_001_crop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3348" data-file-height="1722" /></a><figcaption>Raider Hall, home of Marine Corps Martial Arts Center of Excellence.</figcaption></figure> <p>The techniques used by MCMAP vary in degrees of lethality, allowing the user to select the most appropriate (usually the least) amount of force. For example, a Marine facing a nonviolent but noncompliant subject can use an unarmed restraint to force compliance with minimal damage and pain. A more aggressive subject could be met with a choke, hold, or a strike. Lethal force can be used on a subject as a last resort. The majority of techniques can be defensive or offensive in use, with or without a weapon; allowing Marines flexibility in combat and operations other than war (such as civil control or humanitarian missions, as well as self-defense). An instructor can augment the circumstances of training to better fit the unit's mission, such as <a href="/wiki/Military_police" title="Military police">military police</a> practicing after being exposed to <a href="/wiki/Pepper_spray" title="Pepper spray">pepper spray</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tan_Belt">Tan Belt</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marine_Corps_Martial_Arts_Program&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Tan Belt"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The tan belt syllabus focuses on the development of the basics of armed and unarmed combat. Students start with the basic warrior stance and break-falls are taught for safety, then move to: </p> <ul><li>Basic <a href="/wiki/Punch_(combat)" title="Punch (combat)">punches</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uppercut" title="Uppercut">uppercuts</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Hook_(boxing)" title="Hook (boxing)">hooks</a></li> <li>Basic upper-body strikes, including the eye gouge, hammer fists, and <a href="/wiki/Elbow_(strike)" title="Elbow (strike)">elbow strikes</a></li> <li>Basic lower-body strikes, including <a href="/wiki/Kick" title="Kick">kicks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Knee_(strike)" title="Knee (strike)">knee strikes</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Stomp_(strike)" title="Stomp (strike)">stomps</a></li> <li>Bayonet techniques</li> <li>Basic <a href="/wiki/Chokehold" title="Chokehold">chokes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joint_lock" title="Joint lock">joint locks</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Throw_(grappling)" title="Throw (grappling)">throws</a></li> <li>Counters to strikes, chokes, and holds</li> <li>Basic unarmed restraints and armed manipulations</li> <li>Basic knife techniques</li> <li>Basic weapons of opportunity</li></ul> <p>In order to obtain a tan belt the student must score 80 %, students can fail no more than 10 techniques. If a student fails testing, he/she must wait a minimum of 24 hours before retesting. The tan belt syllabus is part of <a href="/wiki/The_Basic_School" title="The Basic School">The Basic School</a> and <a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps#Initial_training" title="United States Marine Corps">recruit training</a> curriculum. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gray_Belt">Gray Belt</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marine_Corps_Martial_Arts_Program&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Gray Belt"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The gray belt syllabus expands on the basic techniques with: </p> <ul><li>Intermediate bayonet techniques</li> <li>Intermediate upper-body strikes including <a href="/wiki/Knifehand_strike" title="Knifehand strike">knife-hands</a> (karate chops) and elbow strikes</li> <li>Intermediate lower-body strikes including kicks, knee strikes, and stomps</li> <li>Intermediate chokes, joint locks, and throws</li> <li>Counters to strikes, chokes, and holds</li> <li>Intermediate unarmed restraints and arm/wrist manipulations</li> <li>Intermediate knife techniques</li> <li>Basic ground fighting</li> <li>Intermediate weapons of opportunity</li></ul> <p>In addition to the new techniques learned, the student must show knowledge of the previous belt by executing 5 techniques from tan belt. If a student performs any of the 5 techniques incorrectly, the student fails the testing evaluation. In order to obtain a gray belt the student must score 80%, students can fail no more than 10 techniques. If a student fails testing, he/she must wait a minimum of 24 hours before retesting. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Green_Belt">Green Belt</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marine_Corps_Martial_Arts_Program&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Green Belt"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Intermediate knife techniques</li> <li>Intermediate weapon of opportunity techniques (blocking)</li> <li>Intermediate ground fighting with <a href="/wiki/Armlock" title="Armlock">arm bars</a></li> <li>Intermediate bayonet training</li> <li>Intermediate chokes (from the side)</li> <li>Intermediate throws from the shoulder</li> <li>Lower body strikes</li> <li>Counters to strikes</li> <li>Unarmed joint manipulations with enhanced pain compliance</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Brown_Belt">Brown Belt</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marine_Corps_Martial_Arts_Program&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Brown Belt"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>advanced bayonet techniques</li> <li>advanced ground fighting and chokes</li> <li>advanced throws</li> <li>unarmed vs. handheld weapons</li> <li>firearm retention</li> <li>firearm disarmament</li> <li>advanced knife techniques</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Black_Belt_1st_Degree">Black Belt 1st Degree</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marine_Corps_Martial_Arts_Program&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Black Belt 1st Degree"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>advanced bayonet techniques</li> <li>advanced chokes, holds, and throws</li> <li>advanced ground fighting</li> <li>basic counter-firearm techniques</li> <li>advanced upper-body strikes, including strikes and smashes</li> <li>advanced knife techniques</li> <li>pressure points</li> <li>improvised weapons</li> <li>counterattacks</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Black_Belt_2nd_Degree">Black Belt 2nd Degree</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marine_Corps_Martial_Arts_Program&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Black Belt 2nd Degree"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>rifle vs. rifle</li> <li>short weapon vs. rifle</li> <li>unarmed vs. rifle</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marine_Corps_Martial_Arts_Program&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFYi,_Capt._Jamison,_USMC" class="citation web cs1">Yi, Capt. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 June</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wall+Street+Journal&rft.atitle=A+Few+Good+Men+Try+the+Marine+Martial+Art%2C+and+Take+on+2+Gurus&rft.date=2000-10-09&rft.aulast=Jaffe&rft.aufirst=Greg&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aikicommunications.net%2Fheckler.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMarine+Corps+Martial+Arts+Program" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marine_Corps_Martial_Arts_Program&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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International Combatives Sciences Association</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://info.publicintelligence.net/USMC-MCMAP.pdf">MCRP 3-02B Marine Corps Martial Arts Program (MCMAP)</a> by US Marine Corps, 21 November 2011</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output 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the United States Marine Corps">Commandant of the Marine Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assistant_Commandant_of_the_Marine_Corps" title="Assistant Commandant of the Marine Corps">Assistant Commandant of the Marine Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergeant_Major_of_the_Marine_Corps" title="Sergeant Major of the Marine Corps">Sergeant Major of the Marine Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_Secretary_to_the_Commandant_of_the_Marine_Corps" title="Military Secretary to the Commandant of the Marine Corps">Military Secretary to the Commandant of the Marine Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Marine_Corps_four-star_generals" title="List of United States Marine Corps four-star generals">Marine Corps four-star generals</a></li> <li>Marine Corps three-star generals <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Marine_Corps_lieutenant_generals_on_active_duty_before_1960" title="List of United States Marine Corps lieutenant generals on active duty before 1960">1942–1959</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Marine_Corps_lieutenant_generals_from_2000_to_2009" title="List of United States Marine Corps lieutenant generals from 2000 to 2009">2000–2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Marine_Corps_lieutenant_generals_since_2010" title="List of United States Marine Corps lieutenant generals since 2010">2010–present</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th id="US_Congress" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">US Congress</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Committee_on_Armed_Services" title="United States House Committee on Armed Services">House Armed Services Committee</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_House_Armed_Services_Subcommittee_on_Seapower_and_Projection_Forces" title="United States House Armed Services Subcommittee on Seapower and Projection Forces">Seapower and Projection Forces subcommittee</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Committee_on_Armed_Services" title="United States Senate Committee on Armed Services">Senate Armed Services Committee</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Armed_Services_Subcommittee_on_Seapower" title="United States Senate Armed Services Subcommittee on Seapower">Seapower subcommittee</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Seal of the United States Marine Corps" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Emblem_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps.svg/80px-Emblem_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Emblem_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps.svg/120px-Emblem_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Emblem_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps.svg/160px-Emblem_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="720" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Major <br /> commands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Organization_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps" title="Organization of the United States Marine Corps">Organization of the Marine Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Headquarters_Marine_Corps" title="Headquarters Marine Corps">Headquarters Marine Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps_Forces_Command" title="United States Marine Corps Forces Command">Marine Forces Command</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/II_Marine_Expeditionary_Force" title="II Marine Expeditionary Force">II Marine Expeditionary Force</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps_Forces,_Pacific" title="United States Marine Corps Forces, Pacific">Marine Forces Pacific</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/I_Marine_Expeditionary_Force" title="I Marine Expeditionary Force">I Marine Expeditionary Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/III_Marine_Expeditionary_Force" title="III Marine Expeditionary Force">III Marine Expeditionary Force</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps_Reserve" title="United States Marine Corps Reserve">Marine Forces Reserve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fleet_Marine_Force" title="Fleet Marine Force">Fleet Marine Force</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fleet_Marine_Force,_Atlantic" title="Fleet Marine Force, Atlantic">Atlantic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fleet_Marine_Force,_Pacific" title="Fleet Marine Force, Pacific">Pacific</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marine_Corps_Combat_Development_Command" title="Marine Corps Combat Development Command">Marine Corps Combat Development Command</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps_Training_and_Education_Command" title="United States Marine Corps Training and Education Command">Training & Education Command</a> (TECOM)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps_Warfighting_Laboratory" title="United States Marine Corps Warfighting Laboratory">United States Marine Corps Warfighting Laboratory</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marine_Corps_Systems_Command" title="Marine Corps Systems Command">Marine Corps Systems Command</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Auxiliary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marine_Corps_Cyber_Auxiliary" title="Marine Corps Cyber Auxiliary">Marine Corps Cyber Auxiliary</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Structure</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marine_Air-Ground_Task_Force" class="mw-redirect" title="Marine Air-Ground Task Force">Marine Air-Ground Task Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Marine_Corps_installations" title="List of United States Marine Corps installations">Bases</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Marine_Corps_battalions" title="List of United States Marine Corps battalions">Battalions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Marine_Corps_regiments" title="List of United States Marine Corps regiments">Regiments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Marine_Corps_brigades" title="List of United States Marine Corps brigades">Brigades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Marine_Corps_divisions" title="List of United States Marine Corps divisions">Divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organization_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps" title="Organization of the United States Marine Corps">MEF/Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps_Aviation" title="United States Marine Corps Aviation">Marine aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marine_expeditionary_unit" title="Marine expeditionary unit">Marine expeditionary unit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marine_Security_Guard" title="Marine Security Guard">Marine Security Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Forces_Special_Operations_Command" title="United States Marine Forces Special Operations Command">Special Operations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marine_Raiders" title="Marine Raiders">Marine Raiders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marine_Raider_Regiment" title="Marine Raider Regiment">Marine Raider Regiment</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Air-Ground_Task_Force_Reconnaissance" title="United States Marine Air-Ground Task Force Reconnaissance">Recon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps_Force_Reconnaissance" title="United States Marine Corps Force Reconnaissance">Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps_Reconnaissance_Battalions" title="United States Marine Corps Reconnaissance Battalions">Division</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Personnel<br />and training</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Personnel</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps_rank_insignia" title="United States Marine Corps rank insignia">Rank insignia</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Marine_Corps_MOS" title="List of United States Marine Corps MOS">MOS</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Marines" title="List of United States Marines">Notable Marines</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_historic_United_States_Marines" title="List of historic United States Marines">Historical Marines</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Marine_Corps_astronauts" title="List of United States Marine Corps astronauts">Marine Astronauts</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps_Criminal_Investigation_Division" title="United States Marine Corps Criminal Investigation Division">Criminal Investigation Division</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps_Judge_Advocate_Division" title="United States Marine Corps Judge Advocate Division">Judge Advocate Division</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Chaplain_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps" title="Chaplain of the United States Marine Corps">Chaplain of the Marine Corps</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Category:Organizations_associated_with_the_United_States_Marine_Corps" title="Category:Organizations associated with the United States Marine Corps">Associated organizations</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Training</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps_Recruit_Training" title="United States Marine Corps Recruit Training">Recruit Training</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps_School_of_Infantry" title="United States Marine Corps School of Infantry">School of Infantry</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Officer_Candidates_School_(United_States_Marine_Corps)" title="Officer Candidates School (United States Marine Corps)">Officer Candidates School</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/The_Basic_School" title="The Basic School">The Basic School</a></dd> <dd><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Martial Arts Program</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Uniforms<br />and equipment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Uniforms_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps" title="Uniforms of the United States Marine Corps">Uniforms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Awards_and_decorations_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Navy" title="Awards and decorations of the United States Department of the Navy">Awards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Badges_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps" title="Badges of the United States Marine Corps">Badges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_weapons_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps" title="List of weapons of the United States Marine Corps">Weapons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_vehicles_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps" title="List of vehicles of the United States Marine Corps">Vehicles and aircraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Marine_Corps_individual_equipment" title="List of United States Marine Corps individual equipment">Individual equipment</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">History<br />and traditions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps" title="History of the United States Marine Corps">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps" title="Culture of the United States Marine Corps">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Marine_Corps_acronyms_and_expressions" title="List of United States Marine Corps acronyms and expressions">Acronyms and terms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps_birthday" title="United States Marine Corps birthday">Birthday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Color_Sergeant_of_the_Marine_Corps" title="Color Sergeant of the Marine Corps">Color Sergeant of the Marine Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eagle,_Globe,_and_Anchor" title="Eagle, Globe, and Anchor">Eagle, Globe, and Anchor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_the_United_States_Marine_Corps" title="Flag of the United States Marine Corps">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Band" title="United States Marine Band">Marine Band</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Drum_and_Bugle_Corps" title="United States Marine Drum and Bugle Corps">Drum and Bugle Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horse_Marines" title="Horse Marines">Horse Marines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marine_One" title="Marine One">Marine One</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps_Color_Guard" title="United States Marine Corps Color Guard">Color Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps_Silent_Drill_Platoon" title="United States Marine Corps Silent Drill Platoon">Silent Drill Platoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_House_Military_Office" title="White House Military Office">White House Sentries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Service_number_(United_States_Marine_Corps)" title="Service number (United States Marine Corps)">Service Numbers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marine_Corps_War_Memorial" title="Marine Corps War Memorial">Marine Corps War Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marine_Detachment" title="Marine Detachment">Marine Detachments</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Marines%27_Hymn" title="Marines' Hymn">Marines' Hymn</a>"</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oorah" title="Oorah">Oorah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_the_Marine_Corps" title="National Museum of the Marine Corps">National Museum</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Raising_the_Flag_on_Iwo_Jima" title="Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima">Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rifleman%27s_Creed" title="Rifleman's Creed">Rifleman's Creed</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Semper_fidelis" title="Semper fidelis">Semper Fidelis</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Semper_Fidelis_(march)" title="Semper Fidelis (march)">march</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispanics_in_the_United_States_Marine_Corps" title="Hispanics in the United States Marine Corps">History of Hispanics in the USMC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_the_United_States_Marine_Corps" title="Women in the United States Marine Corps">History of women in the USMC</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Marine_Corps_Women%27s_Reserve" title="United States Marine Corps Women's Reserve">Women's Reserve</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honorary_Marine" title="Honorary Marine">Honorary Marine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toys_for_Tots" title="Toys for Tots">Toys for Tots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gung_ho" title="Gung ho">Gung ho</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:United_States_Marine_Corps" title="Category:United States Marine Corps">Category</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Martial_arts" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:LightPurple"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Martial_arts" title="Template:Martial arts"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Martial_arts" title="Template talk:Martial arts"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Martial_arts" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Martial arts"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Martial_arts" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Martial_arts" title="Martial arts">Martial arts</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_martial_arts" title="List of martial arts">List of styles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_martial_arts" title="History of martial arts">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martial_arts_timeline" title="Martial arts timeline">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mixed_martial_arts_records" title="List of mixed martial arts records">Records</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hard_and_soft_techniques" title="Hard and soft techniques">Hard and soft</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: LightPurple;"><div id="Classification" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Classification</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_martial_arts" title="List of martial arts">Regional origin</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_martial_arts" title="Chinese martial arts">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_European_martial_arts" title="Historical European martial arts">Europe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_martial_arts" title="Indian martial arts">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_martial_arts" title="Indonesian martial arts">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_martial_arts" title="Italian martial arts">Italian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_martial_arts" title="Irish martial arts">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_martial_arts" title="Japanese martial arts">Japan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Okinawan_martial_arts" title="Okinawan martial arts">Okinawa</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_martial_arts" title="Korean martial arts">Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mainland_Southeast_Asia_martial_arts" title="Mainland Southeast Asia martial arts">Mainland Southeast Asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filipino_martial_arts" title="Filipino martial arts">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_martial_arts" title="Russian martial arts">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_martial_arts" title="Vietnamese martial arts">Vietnam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hand-to-hand_combat" title="Hand-to-hand combat">Unarmed <br />techniques</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Arm strikes <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chokehold" title="Chokehold">Chokehold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punch_(combat)" title="Punch (combat)">Punch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elbow_(strike)" title="Elbow (strike)">Elbow strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinch_fighting" title="Clinch fighting">Clinch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ground_fighting" title="Ground fighting">Ground</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Headbutt" title="Headbutt">Headbutt</a></li></ul></li> <li>Leg strikes <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Footwork_(martial_arts)" title="Footwork (martial arts)">Footwork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kick" title="Kick">Kick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flying_kick" title="Flying kick">Flying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knee_(strike)" title="Knee (strike)">Knee strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stomp_(strike)" title="Stomp (strike)">Stomp</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grappling" title="Grappling">Grappling</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grappling_hold" title="Grappling hold">Hold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_lock" title="Joint lock">Joint lock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweep_(martial_arts)" title="Sweep (martial arts)">Sweep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takedown_(grappling)" title="Takedown (grappling)">Takedown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Throw_(grappling)" title="Throw (grappling)">Throw</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stand-up_fighting" title="Stand-up fighting">Stand-up</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_martial_arts_weapons" title="List of martial arts weapons">Weapons</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Duel" title="Duel">Duel</a></li> <li>Melee weapons <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Knife_fight" title="Knife fight">Knife fighting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stick-fighting" title="Stick-fighting">Stick-fighting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swordsmanship" title="Swordsmanship">Swordsmanship</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ranged_weapon" title="Ranged weapon">Ranged weapons</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archery" title="Archery">Archery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shooting" title="Shooting">Shooting</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Training" title="Training">Training</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kata" title="Kata">Kata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_glove" title="Boxing glove">Boxing glove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_practice_weapons" title="List of practice weapons">Practice weapon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punching_bag" title="Punching bag">Punching bag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pushing_hands" title="Pushing hands">Pushing hands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Randori" title="Randori">Randori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sparring" title="Sparring">Sparring</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Grappling" title="Grappling">Grappling</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barr%C3%B3g" title="Barróg">Barróg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazilian_jiu-jitsu" title="Brazilian jiu-jitsu">Brazilian jiu-jitsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judo" title="Judo">Judo</a> (<a href="/wiki/Para_judo" title="Para judo">Para judo</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jujutsu" title="Jujutsu">Jujutsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luta_Livre" title="Luta Livre">Luta Livre esportiva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malla-yuddha" title="Malla-yuddha">Malla-yuddha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pehlwani" title="Pehlwani">Pehlwani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sambo_(martial_art)" title="Sambo (martial art)">Sambo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shuai_jiao" title="Shuai jiao">Shuai jiao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumo" title="Sumo">Sumo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrestling" title="Wrestling">Wrestling</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catch_wrestling" title="Catch wrestling">catch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cornish_wrestling" title="Cornish wrestling">Cornish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folk_wrestling" title="Folk wrestling">folk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freestyle_wrestling" title="Freestyle wrestling">freestyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greco-Roman_wrestling" title="Greco-Roman wrestling">Greco-Roman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongolian_wrestling" title="Mongolian wrestling">Mongolian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oil_wrestling" title="Oil wrestling">oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoot_wrestling" title="Shoot wrestling">shoot</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Strike_(attack)" title="Strike (attack)">Striking</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bando" title="Bando">Bando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxing" title="Boxing">Boxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capoeira" title="Capoeira">Capoeira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chess_boxing" title="Chess boxing">Chess boxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choi_Kwang_Do" title="Choi Kwang Do">Choi Kwang Do</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dambe" title="Dambe">Dambe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karate" title="Karate">Karate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kickboxing" title="Kickboxing">Kickboxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kun_Khmer" title="Kun Khmer">Kun Khmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lethwei" title="Lethwei">Lethwei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muay_Thai" title="Muay Thai">Muay Thai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Praying_Mantis" title="Northern Praying Mantis">Northern Praying Mantis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_boxing" title="Russian boxing">Russian boxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanda_(sport)" title="Sanda (sport)">Sanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaolin_kung_fu" title="Shaolin kung fu">Shaolin kung fu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoot_boxing" title="Shoot boxing">Shoot boxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savate" title="Savate">Savate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taekwondo" title="Taekwondo">Taekwondo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tang_Soo_Do" title="Tang Soo Do">Tang Soo Do</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tien_Shan_Pai" title="Tien Shan Pai">Tien Shan Pai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vovinam" title="Vovinam">Vovinam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wudangquan" title="Wudangquan">Wudangquan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoshukai_Karate" title="Yoshukai Karate">Yoshukai Karate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Qi" title="Qi">Internal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aikido" title="Aikido">Aikido</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dait%C5%8D-ry%C5%AB_Aiki-j%C5%ABjutsu" title="Daitō-ryū Aiki-jūjutsu">Daitō-ryū Aiki-jūjutsu</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Baguazhang" title="Baguazhang">Baguazhang</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tai_chi" title="Tai chi">Tai chi</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Xingyiquan" title="Xingyiquan">Xingyiquan</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Contact_sport#Full-contact" title="Contact sport">Full contact</a> /<br /> <a href="/wiki/Combat_sport" title="Combat sport">combat sports</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Professional_boxing" title="Professional boxing">Professional boxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kickboxing" title="Kickboxing">Kickboxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Full_contact_karate" title="Full contact karate">Full contact karate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mixed_martial_arts" title="Mixed martial arts">Mixed martial arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pankration" title="Pankration">Pankration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shootfighting" title="Shootfighting">Shootfighting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Submission_wrestling" title="Submission wrestling">Submission wrestling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vale_Tudo" title="Vale Tudo">Vale Tudo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Self-defense" title="Self-defense">Self-defense</a> /<br /> <a href="/wiki/Combatives" title="Combatives">combatives</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arnis" title="Arnis">Arnis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bartitsu" title="Bartitsu">Bartitsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hapkido" title="Hapkido">Hapkido</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kajukenbo" title="Kajukenbo">Kajukenbo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jieitaikakut%C5%8Djutsu" title="Jieitaikakutōjutsu">Jieitaikakutōjutsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krav_Maga" title="Krav Maga">Krav Maga</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">MCMAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pencak_silat" title="Pencak silat">Pencak silat</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pencak_Silat_Harimau" title="Pencak Silat Harimau">Pencak Silat Harimau</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suffrajitsu" title="Suffrajitsu">Suffrajitsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Systema" title="Systema">Systema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taekkyon" title="Taekkyon">Taekkyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/To-Shin_Do" title="To-Shin Do">To-Shin Do</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wing_Chun" title="Wing Chun">Wing Chun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silat_Melayu" title="Silat Melayu">Silat Melayu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eclecticism#Martial_arts" title="Eclecticism">Eclectic</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hybrid_martial_arts" title="Hybrid martial arts">hybrids</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Kenpo" title="American Kenpo">American Kenpo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angampora" title="Angampora">Angampora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chun_Kuk_Do" class="mw-redirect" title="Chun Kuk Do">Chun Kuk Do</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hokutoryu_Ju-Jutsu" title="Hokutoryu Ju-Jutsu">Hokutoryu Ju-Jutsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeet_Kune_Do" title="Jeet Kune Do">Jeet Kune Do</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shooto" title="Shooto">Shooto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shorinji_Kempo" title="Shorinji Kempo">Shorinji Kempo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unifight" title="Unifight">Unifight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qwan_Ki_Do" title="Qwan Ki Do">Qwan Ki Do</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Battlefield" title="Battlefield">Battlefield</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banshay" title="Banshay">Banshay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bokator" title="Bokator">Bokator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_European_martial_arts" title="Historical European martial arts">Historical European martial arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huiyen_Lallong" title="Huiyen Lallong">Huiyen Lallong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jujutsu" title="Jujutsu">Jujutsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalaripayattu" title="Kalaripayattu">Kalaripayattu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krabi%E2%80%93krabong" title="Krabi–krabong">Krabi–krabong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krav_Maga" title="Krav Maga">Krav Maga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mardani_khel" title="Mardani khel">Mardani khel</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Marine Corps Martial Arts Program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pencak_Silat_Harimau" title="Pencak Silat Harimau">Pencak Silat Harimau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Entertainment</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fighting_game" title="Fighting game">Fighting game</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martial_arts_film" title="Martial arts film">Martial arts film</a> (<a href="/wiki/Samurai_cinema" title="Samurai cinema">Chanbara</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professional_wrestling" title="Professional wrestling">Professional wrestling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stage_combat" title="Stage combat">Stage combat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tricking_(martial_arts)" title="Tricking (martial arts)">Tricking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wuxia" title="Wuxia">Wuxia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color: LightPurple;"><div id="International_games" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">International games</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Martial arts at the <br /><a href="/wiki/Olympic_sports" title="Olympic sports">Summer Olympics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_at_the_Summer_Olympics" title="Boxing at the Summer Olympics">Boxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fencing_at_the_Summer_Olympics" title="Fencing at the Summer Olympics">Fencing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judo_at_the_Summer_Olympics" title="Judo at the Summer Olympics">Judo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karate_at_the_Summer_Olympics" class="mw-redirect" title="Karate at the Summer Olympics">Karate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taekwondo_at_the_Summer_Olympics" title="Taekwondo at the Summer Olympics">Taekwondo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrestling_at_the_Summer_Olympics" title="Wrestling at the Summer Olympics">Wrestling</a> (<a href="/wiki/Freestyle_wrestling" title="Freestyle wrestling">freestyle</a>, <a href="/wiki/Greco-Roman_wrestling" title="Greco-Roman wrestling">Greco-Roman</a>)</li> <li>Demonstration sports <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Budo_at_the_1964_Summer_Olympics" title="Budo at the 1964 Summer Olympics">Budō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympic_dueling" class="mw-redirect" title="Olympic dueling">Pistol dueling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glima_at_the_1912_Summer_Olympics" class="mw-redirect" title="Glima at the 1912 Summer Olympics">Glima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savate_at_the_1924_Summer_Olympics" title="Savate at the 1924 Summer Olympics">Savate</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Martial arts at the <br /><a href="/wiki/World_Games_sports" title="World Games sports">World Games</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ju-jitsu_at_the_World_Games" title="Ju-jitsu at the World Games">Ju-jitsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karate_at_the_World_Games" title="Karate at the World Games">Karate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kickboxing" title="Kickboxing">Kickboxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muay_Thai" title="Muay Thai">Muay Thai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumo_at_the_World_Games" title="Sumo at the World Games">Sumo</a></li> <li>Former official sports <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sambo_at_the_World_Games" title="Sambo at the World Games">Sambo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taekwondo" title="Taekwondo">Taekwondo</a></li></ul></li> <li>Invitational sports <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aikido" title="Aikido">Aikido</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wushu_(sport)" title="Wushu (sport)">Wushu</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Martial arts at the <br /><a href="/wiki/Pan_American_Games" title="Pan American Games">Pan American Games</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boxing" title="Boxing">Boxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fencing" title="Fencing">Fencing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judo" title="Judo">Judo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karate" title="Karate">Karate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taekwondo" title="Taekwondo">Taekwondo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrestling" title="Wrestling">Wrestling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Martial arts at the <br /><a href="/wiki/Asian_Games" title="Asian Games">Asian Games</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boxing" title="Boxing">Boxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judo" title="Judo">Judo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jujutsu" title="Jujutsu">Jujutsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karate" title="Karate">Karate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taekwondo" title="Taekwondo">Taekwondo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrestling" title="Wrestling">Wrestling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wushu_(sport)" title="Wushu (sport)">Wushu</a></li> <li>2018 Only <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kurash" title="Kurash">Kurash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pencak_silat" title="Pencak silat">Pencak silat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sambo_(martial_art)" title="Sambo (martial art)">Sambo</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Martial arts at the <br /><a href="/wiki/African_Games" title="African Games">African Games</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boxing" title="Boxing">Boxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fencing" title="Fencing">Fencing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judo" title="Judo">Judo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karate" title="Karate">Karate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taekwondo" title="Taekwondo">Taekwondo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrestling" title="Wrestling">Wrestling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Martial arts at the <br /><a href="/wiki/European_Games" title="European Games">European Games</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boxing" title="Boxing">Boxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fencing" title="Fencing">Fencing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judo" title="Judo">Judo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karate" title="Karate">Karate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muay_Thai" title="Muay Thai">Muaythai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sambo_(martial_art)" title="Sambo (martial art)">Sambo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taekwondo" title="Taekwondo">Taekwondo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wrestling" title="Wrestling">Wrestling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Martial_arts" title="Portal:Martial arts">Portal</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Outline"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/10px-Global_thinking.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/15px-Global_thinking.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Global_thinking.svg/21px-Global_thinking.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="130" data-file-height="200" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_martial_arts" title="Outline of martial arts">Outline</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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