CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Ukrainian Auxiliary Police - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"ce41a2d9-627c-4407-9097-957665313076","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Ukrainian_Auxiliary_Police","wgTitle":"Ukrainian Auxiliary Police","wgCurRevisionId":1252383122,"wgRevisionId":1252383122,"wgArticleId":21145309,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["CS1 errors: periodical ignored","CS1 German-language sources (de)","All articles with dead external links","Articles with dead external links from October 2023","Articles with permanently dead external links","CS1 errors: external links","CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown","Articles with Russian-language sources (ru)","Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from September 2010","Articles with Ukrainian-language sources (uk)", "Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Articles containing German-language text","Articles containing Ukrainian-language text","All articles with unsourced statements","Articles with unsourced statements from April 2017","Use dmy dates from August 2019","Ukrainian Auxiliary Police","General Government","Local participation in the Holocaust"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Ukrainian_Auxiliary_Police","wgRelevantArticleId":21145309,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"}, "wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":30000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q3692693","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready", "skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.quicksurveys.init", "ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/Bundesarchiv_Bild_146-1982-161-01A%2C_Ukrainische_Wachmannschaft_eines_Torfwerks.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="735"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f8/Bundesarchiv_Bild_146-1982-161-01A%2C_Ukrainische_Wachmannschaft_eines_Torfwerks.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="490"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Bundesarchiv_Bild_146-1982-161-01A%2C_Ukrainische_Wachmannschaft_eines_Torfwerks.jpg/640px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_146-1982-161-01A%2C_Ukrainische_Wachmannschaft_eines_Torfwerks.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="392"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Ukrainian Auxiliary Police - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrainian_Auxiliary_Police"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Ukrainian_Auxiliary_Police&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrainian_Auxiliary_Police"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Ukrainian_Auxiliary_Police rootpage-Ukrainian_Auxiliary_Police skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Ukrainian+Auxiliary+Police" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Ukrainian+Auxiliary+Police" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Ukrainian+Auxiliary+Police" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Ukrainian+Auxiliary+Police" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Participation_in_the_Holocaust" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Participation_in_the_Holocaust"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Participation in the Holocaust</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Participation_in_the_Holocaust-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Persecution_of_Poles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Persecution_of_Poles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Persecution of Poles</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Persecution_of_Poles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Role_in_the_Ukrainian_Insurgent_Army_formation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Role_in_the_Ukrainian_Insurgent_Army_formation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Role in the Ukrainian Insurgent Army formation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Role_in_the_Ukrainian_Insurgent_Army_formation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Battalions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Battalions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Battalions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Battalions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Ukrainian Auxiliary Police</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 14 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-14" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">14 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%B7%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%AF%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="الشرطة المساعدة الأوكرانية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الشرطة المساعدة الأوكرانية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Украінская дапаможная паліцыя – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Украінская дапаможная паліцыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Украінская дапаможная паліцыя – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Украінская дапаможная паліцыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrainische_Hilfspolizei" title="Ukrainische Hilfspolizei – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ukrainische Hilfspolizei" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polic%C3%ADa_auxiliar_ucraniana" title="Policía auxiliar ucraniana – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Policía auxiliar ucraniana" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B3_%DA%A9%D9%85%DA%A9%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86" title="پلیس کمکی اوکراین – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پلیس کمکی اوکراین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Police_auxiliaire_ukrainienne" title="Police auxiliaire ukrainienne – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Police auxiliaire ukrainienne" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polizia_Ausiliaria_Ucraina" title="Polizia Ausiliaria Ucraina – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Polizia Ausiliaria Ucraina" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%A2%D7%96%D7%A8_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%AA" title="משטרת העזר האוקראינית – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="משטרת העזר האוקראינית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrai%C5%84ska_Policja_Pomocnicza" title="Ukraińska Policja Pomocnicza – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ukraińska Policja Pomocnicza" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Украинская вспомогательная полиция – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Украинская вспомогательная полиция" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ukrayna_Yard%C4%B1mc%C4%B1_Polisi" title="Ukrayna Yardımcı Polisi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ukrayna Yardımcı Polisi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%86%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Українська допоміжна поліція – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Українська допоміжна поліція" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E5%85%8B%E5%85%B0%E8%BE%85%E5%8A%A9%E8%AD%A6%E5%AF%9F" title="乌克兰辅助警察 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="乌克兰辅助警察" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3692693#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Auxiliary_Police" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Ukrainian_Auxiliary_Police" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Auxiliary_Police"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ukrainian_Auxiliary_Police&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ukrainian_Auxiliary_Police&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Auxiliary_Police"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ukrainian_Auxiliary_Police&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ukrainian_Auxiliary_Police&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Ukrainian_Auxiliary_Police" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Ukrainian_Auxiliary_Police" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ukrainian_Auxiliary_Police&oldid=1252383122" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ukrainian_Auxiliary_Police&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Ukrainian_Auxiliary_Police&id=1252383122&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FUkrainian_Auxiliary_Police"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FUkrainian_Auxiliary_Police"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Ukrainian_Auxiliary_Police&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ukrainian_Auxiliary_Police&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ukrainian_Auxiliary_Police" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q3692693" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Ukrainian collaborationist police units during World War II</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;"><i>Ukrainische Hilfspolizei</i><br />Ukrainian Auxiliary Police</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bundesarchiv_Bild_146-1982-161-01A,_Ukrainische_Wachmannschaft_eines_Torfwerks.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Bundesarchiv_Bild_146-1982-161-01A%2C_Ukrainische_Wachmannschaft_eines_Torfwerks.jpg/300px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_146-1982-161-01A%2C_Ukrainische_Wachmannschaft_eines_Torfwerks.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Bundesarchiv_Bild_146-1982-161-01A%2C_Ukrainische_Wachmannschaft_eines_Torfwerks.jpg/450px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_146-1982-161-01A%2C_Ukrainische_Wachmannschaft_eines_Torfwerks.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Bundesarchiv_Bild_146-1982-161-01A%2C_Ukrainische_Wachmannschaft_eines_Torfwerks.jpg/600px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_146-1982-161-01A%2C_Ukrainische_Wachmannschaft_eines_Torfwerks.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="490" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Active</th><td class="infobox-data">27 July 1941</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Countries</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/German-occupied_Europe" title="German-occupied Europe">German-occupied Europe</a> including <a href="/wiki/Reichskommissariat_Ukraine" title="Reichskommissariat Ukraine">Reichskommissariat Ukraine</a> and <a href="/wiki/District_of_Galicia" title="District of Galicia">District of Galicia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Allegiance</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Role</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Auxiliary_police" title="Auxiliary police">Auxiliary police</a></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Military unit</div> <p>The <b>Ukrainian Auxiliary Police</b> (<a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>: <i lang="de">Ukrainische Hilfspolizei</i>; <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_language" title="Ukrainian language">Ukrainian</a>: <span lang="uk">Українська допоміжна поліція</span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Ukrainian" title="Romanization of Ukrainian">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Ukrainian-language romanization"><i lang="uk-Latn">Ukrainska dopomizhna politsiia</i></span>) was the official title of the local police formation (a type of <a href="/wiki/Hilfspolizei" title="Hilfspolizei">hilfspolizei</a>) set up by Nazi Germany during World War II in <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Galicia" title="Eastern Galicia">Eastern Galicia</a> and <i><a href="/wiki/Reichskommissariat_Ukraine" title="Reichskommissariat Ukraine">Reichskommissariat Ukraine</a></i>, shortly after the German occupation of the Western <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic" title="Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic">Ukrainian SSR</a> in <a href="/wiki/Operation_Barbarossa" title="Operation Barbarossa">Operation Barbarossa</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-USHMM-Symposium_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USHMM-Symposium-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Ukrainian Auxiliary Police was created by <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Himmler" title="Heinrich Himmler">Heinrich Himmler</a> in mid-August 1941 and put under the control of German <i><a href="/wiki/Ordnungspolizei" title="Ordnungspolizei">Ordnungspolizei</a></i> within <a href="/wiki/General_Government" title="General Government">General Government</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-USHMM-Symposium_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USHMM-Symposium-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The actual <i>Reichskommissariat Ukraine</i> was formed officially on 20 August 1941.<sup id="cite_ref-Matthäus_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Matthäus-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The uniformed force was composed in large part of the former members of the <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_People%27s_Militia" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukrainian People's Militia">Ukrainian People's Militia</a> created by the <a href="/wiki/Organization_of_Ukrainian_Nationalists" class="mw-redirect" title="Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists">OUN</a> in June.<sup id="cite_ref-Grelka2005_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Grelka2005-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There were two categories of German-controlled Ukrainian armed organisations. The first comprised mobile police units most often called <i><a href="/wiki/Schutzmannschaft" title="Schutzmannschaft">Schutzmannschaft</a></i>,<sup id="cite_ref-USHMM-Symposium_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USHMM-Symposium-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <i>Schuma</i>, organized on the battalion level and which engaged in the murder of Jews and in <a href="/wiki/Bandenbek%C3%A4mpfung" title="Bandenbekämpfung">security warfare</a> in most areas of Ukraine. It was subordinated directly to the German Commander of the <a href="/wiki/Ordnungspolizei" title="Ordnungspolizei">Order Police</a> for the area.<sup id="cite_ref-Bewersdorf_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bewersdorf-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The second category was the local police force (approximately, a constabulary), called simply the Ukrainian Police (UP) by the German administration, which the <i>SS</i> raised most successfully in the <a href="/wiki/District_of_Galicia" title="District of Galicia">District of Galicia</a> (formed 1 August 1941) extending south-east from the <a href="/wiki/General_Government" title="General Government">General Government</a>. Notably, the District of Galicia was a separate administrative unit from the actual <i>Reichskommissariat Ukraine</i>. They were not connected with each other politically.<sup id="cite_ref-Bewersdorf_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bewersdorf-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The UP formations appeared as well further east in German-occupied Soviet Ukraine in significant towns and cities such as Kyiv. The urban based forces were subordinated to the city's German Commander of State protection police (<i><a href="/wiki/Schutzpolizei_(Nazi_Germany)" title="Schutzpolizei (Nazi Germany)">Schutzpolizei</a></i> or <i>Schupo</i>); the rural police posts were subordinated to the area German Commander of Gendarmerie. The Schupo and Gendarmerie structures were themselves subordinated to the area Commander of Order Police.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ukrainian_Auxiliary_Police&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:General_Government_for_the_occupied_Polish_territories_(1941).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/General_Government_for_the_occupied_Polish_territories_%281941%29.png/220px-General_Government_for_the_occupied_Polish_territories_%281941%29.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="218" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/General_Government_for_the_occupied_Polish_territories_%281941%29.png/330px-General_Government_for_the_occupied_Polish_territories_%281941%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/General_Government_for_the_occupied_Polish_territories_%281941%29.png/440px-General_Government_for_the_occupied_Polish_territories_%281941%29.png 2x" data-file-width="2299" data-file-height="2280" /></a><figcaption>Map of the German <a href="/wiki/District_of_Galicia" title="District of Galicia">District of Galicia</a> as of 1 September 1941</figcaption></figure> <p>The local municipal police force (UP) in the occupied Ukrainian SSR came into existence right after the commencement of <a href="/wiki/Operation_Barbarossa" title="Operation Barbarossa">Operation Barbarossa</a>. It was the result of an order issued on 27 July 1941 by the German commander in chief of the Order Police in occupied <a href="/wiki/Krak%C3%B3w" title="Kraków">Kraków</a>. The Ukrainian auxiliary police in the new <a href="/wiki/District_of_Galicia" title="District of Galicia">District of Galicia</a> fell under the command of the German office for the General Government.<sup id="cite_ref-rpmag1_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rpmag1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An actual ethnic Ukrainian command centre did not exist. The top Ukrainian police officer, Vladimir Pitulay, rose to the rank of major and became the district commandant (<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Major der Ukrainische Polizei und Kommandeur</i></span>) in <a href="/wiki/Lemberg" class="mw-redirect" title="Lemberg">Lemberg</a> (now Lviv). A police school was established in Lviv by the district SS-and-Police Leader in order to meet plans for growth. The school director was Ivan Kozak.<sup id="cite_ref-Офіцинський_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Офіцинський-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The total number of enlisted men in the new politically independent <a href="/wiki/District_of_Galicia" title="District of Galicia">District of Galicia</a> amounted 5,000 people (out of the planned 6000, as the police was perceived negatively in Galicia due to German actions in Ukraine) including 120 low-level officers who served there.<sup id="cite_ref-Офіцинський_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Офіцинський-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The units were used primarily to keep order and carry out constabulary duties.<sup id="cite_ref-ua1455_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ua1455-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Their actions were restricted by other police groups such as the <i><a href="/wiki/Sonderdienst" title="Sonderdienst">Sonderdienst</a></i>, made up of <i><a href="/wiki/Volksdeutsche" title="Volksdeutsche">Volksdeutsche</a></i>; the <i><a href="/wiki/Kripo" class="mw-redirect" title="Kripo">Kripo</a></i> (Criminal police); <i><a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Reichsbahn" title="Deutsche Reichsbahn">Bahnschutz</a></i> (railroad and transport police); and the <i><a href="/wiki/Werkschutz" class="mw-redirect" title="Werkschutz">Werkschutz</a></i>, who kept order and guarded industrial plants. They were supported by the Ukrainian Protection Police and the Ukrainian Order Police.<sup id="cite_ref-ua1455_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ua1455-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Reichskommissariat-Ukraine.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Reichskommissariat-Ukraine.jpg/370px-Reichskommissariat-Ukraine.jpg" decoding="async" width="370" height="211" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Reichskommissariat-Ukraine.jpg/555px-Reichskommissariat-Ukraine.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Reichskommissariat-Ukraine.jpg/740px-Reichskommissariat-Ukraine.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1876" data-file-height="1072" /></a><figcaption>Map of the <i><a href="/wiki/Reichskommissariat_Ukraine" title="Reichskommissariat Ukraine">Reichskommissariat Ukraine</a></i> superimposed with outline of modern-day Ukraine</figcaption></figure> <p>In the newly formed <i><a href="/wiki/Reichskommissariat_Ukraine" title="Reichskommissariat Ukraine">Reichskommissariat Ukraine</a></i> the auxiliary police forces were generally named <i>Schutzmannschaft</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and amounted to more than 35,000 men throughout all of the occupied territories, with 5000 in Galicia.<sup id="cite_ref-Dzobak_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dzobak-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The names of battalions reflected their geographic jurisdiction.<sup id="cite_ref-rpmag1_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rpmag1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The make-up of the officer <a href="/wiki/Corps" title="Corps">corps</a> was representative of Germany's foreign policy. Professor <a href="/wiki/Wendy_Lower" title="Wendy Lower">Wendy Lower</a> from <a href="/wiki/Towson_University" title="Towson University">Towson University</a> wrote that although Ukrainians greatly outnumbered other non-Germans in the auxiliary police, only the ethnically German <i><a href="/wiki/Volksdeutsche" title="Volksdeutsche">Volksdeutsche</a></i> from Ukraine were given the leadership roles.<sup id="cite_ref-Lower1_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lower1-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many of those who joined the ranks of the police had served as militiamen under Soviet rule since the invasion of Poland in 1939.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Professor <a href="/wiki/Tadeusz_Piotrowski_(sociologist)" title="Tadeusz Piotrowski (sociologist)">Tadeusz Piotrowski</a> wrote that the majority of <i>Ukrainische Hilfspolizei</i> in Galicia came from <a href="/wiki/Organization_of_Ukrainian_Nationalists" class="mw-redirect" title="Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists">OUN</a>-B,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which was confirmed by Professor <a href="/wiki/John-Paul_Himka" title="John-Paul Himka">John-Paul Himka</a> as an important transitional stage of OUN involvement in the Holocaust.<sup id="cite_ref-Himka_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Himka-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Andrew Gregorovich, the ethnic composition of Auxiliary Police reflected the demographics of the land and included not only Ukrainians but also Russians from among the Soviet POWs, Poles drafted from the local population, and German <i>Volksdeutsche</i> of all nationalities.<sup id="cite_ref-agreg1_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-agreg1-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Browning" class="mw-redirect" title="Christopher Browning">Browning</a> (<i>Ordinary Men</i>) and Lower both insist that, for the German administration, nobody but the "Ukrainians and local ethnic Germans could be relied upon to assist with the killing".<sup id="cite_ref-Lower2_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lower2-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Browning_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Browning-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also, according to Aleksandr Prusin most members were ethnically Ukrainian, hence the name or the force.<sup id="cite_ref-Прусин_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Прусин-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In some cases, the personnel of the Ukrainian auxiliary police depended on the institution to which it subordinated. For example, in Kyiv, superior posts in the Ukrainian guard police (<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Schutzmannschaft-Einzeldienst</i></span>) hierarchy were frequently held by <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_People%27s_Army" title="Ukrainian People's Army">Ukrainian People's Army</a> veterans and members of <a href="/wiki/Organization_of_Ukrainian_Nationalists#Split_in_the_OUN" class="mw-redirect" title="Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists">OUN-M</a>; the inferior positions were occupied by the local inhabitants and POWs. On the contrary, the OUN had no influence on the Ukrainian criminal police (<span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Sicherheitsschutzmannschaft</i></span>), which consisted of former Soviet jurists, <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Communist Party of the Soviet Union">communists</a>, <a href="/wiki/Militsiya" title="Militsiya">militsioners</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Volksdeutsche" title="Volksdeutsche">Volksdeutsche</a>. Moreover, some of them hunted for "colleagues" after the German authorities started anti-OUN repression on the edge of 1941-42. Despite ideological differences, the personnel of these two police institutions cooperated in the arrests of Jews, communists, and other "political enemies" of the German authorities.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The total number of all <i>Schutzmannschaft</i> employees in Kyiv fluctuated between 1,800 - 2,000 (March 1943).<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The auxiliary police were directly under the command of the <a href="/wiki/Germanic_SS" title="Germanic SS">Germanic SS</a>, the <i><a href="/wiki/Einsatzgruppen" title="Einsatzgruppen">Einsatzgruppen</a></i>, and military administration.<sup id="cite_ref-rms05_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rms05-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Participation_in_the_Holocaust">Participation in the Holocaust</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ukrainian_Auxiliary_Police&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Participation in the Holocaust"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Naked_Jewish_women_wait_in_a_line_before_their_execution_by_Ukrainian_auxiliary_police.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Naked_Jewish_women_wait_in_a_line_before_their_execution_by_Ukrainian_auxiliary_police.jpg/220px-Naked_Jewish_women_wait_in_a_line_before_their_execution_by_Ukrainian_auxiliary_police.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Naked_Jewish_women_wait_in_a_line_before_their_execution_by_Ukrainian_auxiliary_police.jpg/330px-Naked_Jewish_women_wait_in_a_line_before_their_execution_by_Ukrainian_auxiliary_police.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Naked_Jewish_women_wait_in_a_line_before_their_execution_by_Ukrainian_auxiliary_police.jpg/440px-Naked_Jewish_women_wait_in_a_line_before_their_execution_by_Ukrainian_auxiliary_police.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1137" /></a><figcaption>Naked Jewish women, some of whom are holding infants, wait in a line before their execution by German Sipo and SD, with the assistance of Ukrainian auxiliaries.</figcaption></figure> <p>The Ukrainian auxiliary police played a vital role in the execution of the Holocaust.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Professor Alexander Statiev of the Canadian <a href="/wiki/University_of_Waterloo" title="University of Waterloo">University of Waterloo</a> writes that Ukrainian Auxiliary Police were the major perpetrator of the <a href="/wiki/Holocaust_in_the_Soviet_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Holocaust in the Soviet Union">Holocaust in the Soviet Union</a> based on native origins, and those police units participated in the extermination of 150,000 Jews in the area of <a href="/wiki/Volhynia" title="Volhynia">Volhynia</a> alone.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> German historian <a href="/wiki/Dieter_Pohl" title="Dieter Pohl">Dieter Pohl</a> in <i>The Shoah in Ukraine</i> writes that the auxiliary police was active during killing operations by the Germans already in the first phases of the German occupation.<sup id="cite_ref-Shoah_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shoah-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The auxiliary police registered the Jews, conducted raids and guarded ghettos, loaded convoys to execution sites and cordoned them off. There is a possibility that some 300 auxiliary policemen from Kyiv helped organize the massacre in <a href="/wiki/Babi_Yar" title="Babi Yar">Babi Yar</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Shoah_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shoah-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They also took part in the massacre in <a href="/wiki/Dnipro" title="Dnipro">Dnipro</a>, where the field command noted that the cooperation ran "smoothly in every way". Cases where local commandants ordered murder of Jews using police force are known.<sup id="cite_ref-Shoah_25-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shoah-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In killings of Jews in <a href="/wiki/Kryvyi_Rih" title="Kryvyi Rih">Kryvyi Rih</a> the "entire Ukrainian auxiliary police" was put to use.<sup id="cite_ref-Shoah_25-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shoah-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Persecution_of_Poles">Persecution of Poles</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ukrainian_Auxiliary_Police&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Persecution of Poles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Defining nationality of Ukrainian policemen using present-day classifications is problematic<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>, because in German-occupied eastern Poland (see: <a href="/wiki/District_of_Galicia" title="District of Galicia">District of Galicia</a>) there was no perception of <i><a href="/wiki/De_jure" title="De jure">de jure</a></i> Ukrainian independent statehood. Some Ukrainian <i>Hilfspolizei</i> who harbored a pathological hatred for Poles and Jews – resulting in acts of mass murder – remained formally and legally Polish from the time before <a href="/wiki/Invasion_of_Poland" title="Invasion of Poland">the invasion</a> until much later. Thirty years after the war ended, one former Ukrainian policeman, Jan Masłowski (a.k.a. Iwan Maslij), was recognized in <a href="/wiki/Rak%C5%82owice" title="Rakłowice">Rakłowice</a> near <a href="/wiki/Wroc%C5%82aw" title="Wrocław">Wrocław</a> by Polish survivors of massacres committed by <i>Ukrainische Hilfspolizei</i> in the towns of <a href="/wiki/Szczepiatyn" title="Szczepiatyn">Szczepiatyn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dyniska" title="Dyniska">Dyniska</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tarnoszyn" title="Tarnoszyn">Tarnoszyn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Niemst%C3%B3w,_Podkarpackie_Voivodeship" title="Niemstów, Podkarpackie Voivodeship">Niemstów</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Korcz%C3%B3w" title="Korczów">Korczów</a>. He was sentenced to death in Poland in 1978. After being denied clemency, Maslij was hanged at <a href="/wiki/Mokot%C3%B3w_Prison" title="Mokotów Prison">Mokotów Prison</a> on 20 August 1979.<sup id="cite_ref-Horbaczewski_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Horbaczewski-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 13 November 1942, members of the <i>Ukrainische Hilfspolizei</i> robbed and executed 32 Poles and 1 Jew in the village of Obórki (<a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zbrodnia_w_Ob%C3%B3rkach" class="extiw" title="pl:Zbrodnia w Obórkach">pl</a>), located in prewar <a href="/wiki/Wo%C5%82y%C5%84_Voivodeship_(1921%E2%80%931939)" title="Wołyń Voivodeship (1921–1939)">Wołyń Voivodeship</a>. After the crime the village was burned down.<sup id="cite_ref-motyka_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-motyka-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 16 December 1942, the Ukrainian policemen, led by Germans, killed 360 Poles in Jezierce (former <a href="/wiki/Powiat" title="Powiat">powiat</a> <a href="/wiki/Rivne" title="Rivne">Rivne</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-motyka_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-motyka-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Lviv" title="Lviv">Lviv</a>, in late February and March 1944, the <i>Ukrainische Hilfspolizei</i> arrested a number of young men of Polish nationality. Many of them were later found dead and their <a href="/wiki/Identity_document" title="Identity document">Identity documents</a> stolen. The <a href="/wiki/Government_Delegation_for_Poland" title="Government Delegation for Poland">Government Delegation for Poland</a> started negotiations with the <a href="/wiki/Organization_of_Ukrainian_Nationalists" class="mw-redirect" title="Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists">OUN-B</a>. When they failed, <a href="/wiki/Kedyw" title="Kedyw">Kedyw</a> began an action called "Nieszpory" (<i>Vespers</i>) where 11 policemen were shot in retaliation and the murders of young Poles in Lviv stopped.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Role_in_the_Ukrainian_Insurgent_Army_formation">Role in the Ukrainian Insurgent Army formation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ukrainian_Auxiliary_Police&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Role in the Ukrainian Insurgent Army formation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>For many who joined the police force, enlistment served as an opportunity to receive military training and direct access to weapons. <a href="/wiki/Stepan_Bandera" title="Stepan Bandera">Bandera</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Organization_of_Ukrainian_Nationalists" class="mw-redirect" title="Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists">OUN</a> leadership on 20 March 1943 issued secret instructions ordering their members who had joined the German auxiliary police to desert with their weapons and join with the <i>military detachment</i> of OUN (B) units in <a href="/wiki/Volyn" class="mw-redirect" title="Volyn">Volyn</a>. The number of trained and armed policemen who in spring 1943 joined the ranks of the future <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Insurgent_Army" title="Ukrainian Insurgent Army">Ukrainian Insurgent Army</a> were estimated to be 10,000. This process in some places involved engaging in armed conflict with German forces as they tried to prevent desertion.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Battalions">Battalions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ukrainian_Auxiliary_Police&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Battalions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>By 1942, after the military administration was replaced with the regular Gendarmerie in occupied East, the strength of the <i>Schutzmannschaft</i> had increased tenfold. However, the new recruits were mostly not in the battalions. Instead, they took up the individual post duty as militias in place of former local <i>Ordnungsdienst</i>. The actual Security Battalions (or Schumas, <a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>: <i lang="de">Schutzmannschaft Bataillone</i>) comprised only one-third of the overall strength of the formation.<sup id="cite_ref-Martin_Dean-60_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Martin_Dean-60-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a matter of course, the static police wore black uniforms from the pre-war German stock which was no longer used and kept in storage. The black uniforms of the former <i>Allgemeine-SS</i> including their characteristic field caps were simply stripped of German insignia and given to <i>Schutzmannschaft</i> to use with the new patches. Gradually, the mobile units were issued field-grey uniforms (pictured).<sup id="cite_ref-Williamson-44_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Williamson-44-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The desired size of each battalion was about 500 soldiers divided into three companies of 140-150 men each, with 50 staff members.<sup id="cite_ref-MW_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MW-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Schiessl40_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schiessl40-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The logistical problems with securing enough uniforms for all of them continued until late 1942. For the weapons, the most widely used were captured Russian military rifles and pistols. Machine guns remained scarce until the latter stages of the war.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:115th_Battalion_of_Ukrainian_Shuma_1943_(2).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/115th_Battalion_of_Ukrainian_Shuma_1943_%282%29.jpg/220px-115th_Battalion_of_Ukrainian_Shuma_1943_%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="326" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/115th_Battalion_of_Ukrainian_Shuma_1943_%282%29.jpg/330px-115th_Battalion_of_Ukrainian_Shuma_1943_%282%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/115th_Battalion_of_Ukrainian_Shuma_1943_%282%29.jpg/440px-115th_Battalion_of_Ukrainian_Shuma_1943_%282%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="649" data-file-height="962" /></a><figcaption>Ukrainian <i>Schutzmannschaft</i> battalion photographed in 1942</figcaption></figure> <p>Most battalions were assigned block numbers based on ethnic and national makeup for ease of recognition. Those in Russia South and the heart of Ukraine were numbered from 101 to 200. The ones operating in Russia Center and in Byelorussia were numbered from 51 to 100.<sup id="cite_ref-Schiessl40_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schiessl40-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An exception was <a href="/wiki/Schutzmannschaft_Battalion_201" title="Schutzmannschaft Battalion 201">Battalion 201</a>, which was formed not in Galicia but in <a href="/wiki/Frankfurt_an_der_Oder" class="mw-redirect" title="Frankfurt an der Oder">Frankfurt an der Oder</a> in October 1941, from members of the disbanded <a href="/wiki/Nachtigall_Battalion" title="Nachtigall Battalion">Nachtigall Battalion</a>, formed originally by <a href="/wiki/OUN-B" class="mw-redirect" title="OUN-B">OUN-B</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Rudling2015_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rudling2015-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dt>Russia Center and Byelorussia</dt></dl> <table class="wikitable"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Bn. № </th> <th>Formation </th> <th>Disbandment </th> <th>Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td>51 </td> <td> </td> <td>May 1943 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>53 </td> <td>August 1942 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>54 </td> <td>September 1942 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>55 </td> <td>August 1942 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>57 </td> <td> </td> <td rowspan="4">Since July 1944, part of <i><a href="/wiki/Schutzmannschaft-Brigade_Siegling" title="Schutzmannschaft-Brigade Siegling">Schutzmannschaft-Brigade Siegling</a>;</i> <p>in August, as <a href="/wiki/30th_Waffen_Grenadier_Division_of_the_SS" title="30th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS">30th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-MW_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MW-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-GFN_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GFN-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>61 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>62 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>63 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <dl><dt>Russia South and Ukraine<sup id="cite_ref-MW_34-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MW-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dt></dl> <table class="wikitable"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Bn. № </th> <th>Formation </th> <th>Disbandment </th> <th>Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td>101 </td> <td>July 1942 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>102 </td> <td>July 1942 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>103 </td> <td>July 1942 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>104 </td> <td>July 1942 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>105 </td> <td>November 1942 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>106 </td> <td>November 1942 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>108 </td> <td>July 1942 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>109 </td> <td>July 1942 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>110 </td> <td>July 1942 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>111 </td> <td>July 1942 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>113 </td> <td>July 1942 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>114 </td> <td>July 1942 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>115 </td> <td>July 1942 </td> <td> </td> <td>Transferred to Belarus right away.<sup id="cite_ref-Petrouchkevitch_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Petrouchkevitch-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>116 </td> <td>July 1942 </td> <td>July 1942 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>117 </td> <td>July 1942 </td> <td>July 1942 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Schutzmannschaft_Battalion_118" title="Schutzmannschaft Battalion 118">118</a> </td> <td>July 1942 </td> <td> </td> <td>Formed with former Soviet officers at the helm who were soon dispatched in Kyiv to form other battalions. In December 1942, transferred to Minsk.<sup id="cite_ref-Petrouchkevitch_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Petrouchkevitch-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>119 </td> <td>November 1942 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>120 </td> <td>November 1942 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>121 </td> <td>November 1942 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>122 </td> <td>July 1942 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>123 </td> <td>July 1942 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>124 </td> <td>July 1942 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>125 </td> <td>November 1942 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>129 </td> <td>July 1942 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>130 </td> <td>July 1942 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>131 </td> <td>July 1942 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>134 </td> <td>November 1942 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>136 </td> <td>November 1942 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>137 </td> <td>October 1942 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>138 </td> <td>October 1942 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>139 </td> <td>October 1942 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>140 </td> <td>October 1942 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>143 </td> <td>August 1942 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>144 </td> <td>August 1942 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>145 </td> <td>August 1942 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>146 </td> <td>August 1942 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>155 </td> <td>November 1942 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>156 </td> <td>November 1942 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>157 </td> <td>November 1942 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>158 </td> <td>November 1942 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ukrainian_Auxiliary_Police&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/14th_Waffen_Grenadier_Division_of_the_SS_(1st_Galician)" title="14th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (1st Galician)">14th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS (1st Galician)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bohdan_Koziy" title="Bohdan Koziy">Bohdan Koziy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belarusian_Auxiliary_Police" title="Belarusian Auxiliary Police">Belarusian Auxiliary Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collaboration_with_Nazi_Germany_and_Fascist_Italy" title="Collaboration with Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy">Collaboration with the Axis Powers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_Auxiliary_Police" title="Estonian Auxiliary Police">Estonian Auxiliary Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_Axis_powers" title="Foreign relations of the Axis powers">Foreign relations of the Axis powers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvian_Auxiliary_Police" title="Latvian Auxiliary Police">Latvian Auxiliary Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_Auxiliary_Police_Battalions" class="mw-redirect" title="Lithuanian Auxiliary Police Battalions">Lithuanian Auxiliary Police Battalions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Responsibility_for_the_Holocaust" title="Responsibility for the Holocaust">Responsibility for the Holocaust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schutzmannschaft_Battalion_118" title="Schutzmannschaft Battalion 118">Schutzmannschaft Battalion 118</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust_in_Poland" title="The Holocaust in Poland">The Holocaust in Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust_in_Ukraine" title="The Holocaust in Ukraine">The Holocaust in Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_collaboration_with_Nazi_Germany" title="Ukrainian collaboration with Nazi Germany">Ukrainian collaboration with Nazi Germany</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ukrainian_Auxiliary_Police&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-USHMM-Symposium-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-USHMM-Symposium_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-USHMM-Symposium_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-USHMM-Symposium_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSymposium_Presentations2005" class="citation web cs1">Symposium Presentations (September 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120816044021/http://www.ushmm.org/research/center/publications/occasional/2005-10/paper.pdf">"The Holocaust and [German] Colonialism in Ukraine: A Case Study"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>The Holocaust in the Soviet Union</i>. The Center for Advanced Holocaust Studies of the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. pp. 15, 18–19, 20 in current document of 1/154. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ushmm.org/research/center/publications/occasional/2005-10/paper.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF file, direct download 1.63 MB)</span> on 16 August 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 June</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Holocaust+in+the+Soviet+Union&rft.atitle=The+Holocaust+and+%5BGerman%5D+Colonialism+in+Ukraine%3A+A+Case+Study&rft.pages=15%2C+18-19%2C+20+in+current+document+of+1%2F154&rft.date=2005-09&rft.au=Symposium+Presentations&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ushmm.org%2Fresearch%2Fcenter%2Fpublications%2Foccasional%2F2005-10%2Fpaper.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUkrainian+Auxiliary+Police" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Matthäus-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Matthäus_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_Matth%C3%A4us" title="Jürgen Matthäus">Jürgen Matthäus</a>, <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=x9PTQR93dNsC">Jewish Responses to Persecution: 1941–1942.</a></i> AltaMira Press, p. 524.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Grelka2005-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Grelka2005_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDr._Frank_Grelka2005" class="citation book cs1">Dr. Frank Grelka (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=H6cdeIGI8uwC"><i>Ukrainischen Miliz</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Viadrina_European_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Viadrina European University">Viadrina European University</a>: Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. pp. 283–284. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3447052597" title="Special:BookSources/3447052597"><bdi>3447052597</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 July</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ukrainischen+Miliz&rft.place=Viadrina+European+University&rft.pages=283-284&rft.pub=Otto+Harrassowitz+Verlag&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=3447052597&rft.au=Dr.+Frank+Grelka&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DH6cdeIGI8uwC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUkrainian+Auxiliary+Police" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|work=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bewersdorf-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bewersdorf_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bewersdorf_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArne_Bewersdorf" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Arne Bewersdorf. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.beirat-fuer-geschichte.de/fileadmin/pdf/band_19/Demokratische_Geschichte_Band_19_Essay_5.pdf">"Hans-Adolf Asbach. Eine Nachkriegskarriere"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Band 19 Essay 5</i> (in German). Demokratische Geschichte. pp. 1–42<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 June</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Band+19+Essay+5&rft.atitle=Hans-Adolf+Asbach.+Eine+Nachkriegskarriere&rft.pages=1-42&rft.au=Arne+Bewersdorf&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.beirat-fuer-geschichte.de%2Ffileadmin%2Fpdf%2Fband_19%2FDemokratische_Geschichte_Band_19_Essay_5.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUkrainian+Auxiliary+Police" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See the treatment in <a href="/wiki/Dieter_Pohl" title="Dieter Pohl">Dieter Pohl</a>, <i>Nationalsocialistische Judenverfolgung in Ostgalizien 1941–1944: Organisation und Durchführung eines staatlichen Massenverbrechens</i> (Munich: Oldenbourg, 1997), Section II.2: "Der Besatzungsapparat im Distrikt Galizien"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rpmag1-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-rpmag1_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-rpmag1_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMagocsi1996" class="citation book cs1">Magocsi, Paul Robert (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=t124cP06gg0C"><i>A History of Ukraine</i></a>. University of Toronto Press. pp. 631, 633. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780802078209" title="Special:BookSources/9780802078209"><bdi>9780802078209</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Ukraine&rft.pages=631%2C+633&rft.pub=University+of+Toronto+Press&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=9780802078209&rft.aulast=Magocsi&rft.aufirst=Paul+Robert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dt124cP06gg0C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUkrainian+Auxiliary+Police" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Офіцинський-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Офіцинський_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Офіцинський_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Василь Офіцинський, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kalusz.io.ua/s199713/vasil_oficinskiy_distrikt_galichina_1941-1944">Дистрикт Галичина (1941—1944).</a> Історико-політичний нарис. — Ужгород, 2001 (Vasil Oficinskiy, "District Galicia 1941–1944." The historical and political essay. Uzhgorod, 2001.) <i>Citation:</i> Комендантом Львівської поліції був Володимир Пітулай (Vladimir Pitulay), його заступником Лев Огоновський (Leo Ohonovskyi). Особовий склад Української допоміжної поліції формувався з молодих людей, які закінчили курси Поліційної школи у Львові. У кінці січня такі курси закінчили 186 українських поліцаїв. А 15 травня 1942 р. закінчився другий вишкільний курс, який підготував 192 поліцаїв... Українську міліцію 15 серпня 1941 р. було переорганізовано в Українську допоміжну поліцію, яка на осінь 1941 р. нараховувала 6000 чол.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ua1455-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ua1455_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ua1455_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAbbott2004" class="citation book cs1">Abbott, Peter (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=S0Us4SD3_3QC"><i>Ukrainian Armies 1914–55</i></a>. Osprey Publishing. pp. 38–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84176-668-2" title="Special:BookSources/1-84176-668-2"><bdi>1-84176-668-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ukrainian+Armies+1914%E2%80%9355&rft.pages=38-&rft.pub=Osprey+Publishing&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=1-84176-668-2&rft.aulast=Abbott&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DS0Us4SD3_3QC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUkrainian+Auxiliary+Police" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged October 2023">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Czesław Madajczyk, <i>Faszyzm i okupacje 1938–1945</i>, <a href="/wiki/Pozna%C5%84" title="Poznań">Poznań</a> 1983, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/83-210-0335-4" title="Special:BookSources/83-210-0335-4">83-210-0335-4</a>, Vol.2, p. 359.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Schutzmannschaft</i> battalions were formed by orders of <a href="/wiki/Reichsf%C3%BChrer-SS" title="Reichsführer-SS">Reichsführer-SS</a> between 25 July and 31 August 1941.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dzobak-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Dzobak_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">В. Дзьобак, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://histans.com/JournALL/war/war_2008_11/26.pdf">Порівняльна характеристика колаборації населення Росії й України в роки радянсько-німецької війни</a> (PDF file, direct download 242 KB) Сторінки воєнної історії України Випуск 11. – Київ: Інститут історії України НАН України, 2009; №11. (V. Dzobak <i>Comparison of collaboration population of Russia and Ukraine during the Soviet-German War</i> in Military History of Ukraine Vol 11. Kyiv: Institute of History of Ukraine, 2009. № 11, page 267 (252–276).)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lower1-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Lower1_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Prof. <a href="/wiki/Wendy_Lower" title="Wendy Lower">Wendy Lower</a>, Towson University. <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bpb.de/files/GVP6SN.pdf">Local Participation in the Crimes of the Holocaust in Ukraine: Forms and Consequences</a></i> LMU Muenchen / Towson Univ MD.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Timothy Snyder, <i>The Reconstruction of Nations</i>, pg. 159.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tadeusz Piotrowski, <i>Poland's Holocaust: Ethnic Strife, Collaboration with Occupying Forces and Genocide in the Second Republic, 1918–1947</i>, 1997, page 221.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Himka-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Himka_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">John‐Paul Himka (20 October 2011), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/1071550/The_Organization_of_Ukrainian_Nationalists_the_Ukrainian_Police_and_the_Holocaust">The Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists, the Ukrainian Police, and the Holocaust.</a> Danyliw Research Seminar on Contemporary Ukraine.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-agreg1-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-agreg1_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAndrew_Gregorovich1995" class="citation journal cs1">Andrew Gregorovich (Spring 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.infoukes.com/history/ww2/page-25.html">"World War II in Ukraine"</a>. <i>FORUM Ukrainian Review (Reprint)</i> (92). Infoukes.com p. 25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=FORUM+Ukrainian+Review+%28Reprint%29&rft.atitle=World+War+II+in+Ukraine&rft.ssn=spring&rft.issue=92&rft.pages=Infoukes.com+p.+25&rft.date=1995&rft.au=Andrew+Gregorovich&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.infoukes.com%2Fhistory%2Fww2%2Fpage-25.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUkrainian+Auxiliary+Police" class="Z3988"></span> Chapter: Jewish Holocaust in Ukraine.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lower2-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Lower2_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWendy_Morgan_Lower,_Towson_University" class="citation web cs1">Wendy Morgan Lower, Towson University. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090305074504/http://moses.creighton.edu/JRS/pdf/2007-18.pdf">"From Berlin to Babi Yar"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Volume 9 (2007)</i>. Journal of Society, The Kripke Center. p. 6 / 9(2007). <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1522-5658">1522-5658</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://moses.creighton.edu/JRS/pdf/2007-18.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF file, direct download 3.4 MB complete)</span> on 5 March 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 April</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Volume+9+%282007%29&rft.atitle=From+Berlin+to+Babi+Yar&rft.pages=6+%2F+9%282007%29&rft.issn=1522-5658&rft.au=Wendy+Morgan+Lower%2C+Towson+University&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmoses.creighton.edu%2FJRS%2Fpdf%2F2007-18.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUkrainian+Auxiliary+Police" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Browning-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Browning_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrowning1992–1998" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Browning" class="mw-redirect" title="Christopher Browning">Browning, Christopher R.</a> (1992–1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hampshirehigh.com/exchange2012/docs/BROWNING-Ordinary%20Men.%20Reserve%20Police%20Battalion%20101%20and%20the%20Final%20Solution%20in%20Poland%20(1992).pdf">"Arrival in Poland"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF file, direct download 7.91 MB complete)</span>. <i>Ordinary Men: Reserve Police Battalion 101 and the Final Solution in Poland</i>. Penguin Books. pp. 135–142<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 April</span> 2014</span>. <q><i>Also:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131019043400/http://hampshirehigh.com/exchange2012/docs/BROWNING-Ordinary%20Men.%20Reserve%20Police%20Battalion%20101%20and%20the%20Final%20Solution%20in%20Poland%20(1992).pdf">PDF cache archived by WebCite.</a></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ordinary+Men%3A+Reserve+Police+Battalion+101+and+the+Final+Solution+in+Poland&rft.atitle=Arrival+in+Poland&rft.pages=135-142&rft.date=1992%2F1998&rft.aulast=Browning&rft.aufirst=Christopher+R.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhampshirehigh.com%2Fexchange2012%2Fdocs%2FBROWNING-Ordinary%2520Men.%2520Reserve%2520Police%2520Battalion%2520101%2520and%2520the%2520Final%2520Solution%2520in%2520Poland%2520%281992%29.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUkrainian+Auxiliary+Police" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">External link in <code class="cs1-code"><code class="cs1-code">|quote=</code></code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#param_has_ext_link" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Прусин-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Прусин_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Александр Прусин (Aleksandr Prusin), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120113055847/http://www.nbuv.gov.ua/portal/Soc_Gum/Gis/2007_1/Prusin.pdf">"Украинская полиция и Холокост в генеральном округе Киев, 1941–1943: действия и мотивации"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from the original on 13 January 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 December</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%A3%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%B8+%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82+%D0%B2+%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BC+%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B3%D0%B5+%D0%9A%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%B2%2C+1941%E2%80%931943%3A+%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%8F+%D0%B8+%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nbuv.gov.ua%2Fportal%2FSoc_Gum%2FGis%2F2007_1%2FPrusin.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUkrainian+Auxiliary+Police" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>)</span> <i>ГОЛОКОСТ І СУЧАСНІСТЬ</i> *№ 1, 2007. Національна бібліотека України. Retrieved from the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a> on 11 June 2013. <span class="languageicon">(in Russian)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSytnyk2023" class="citation web cs1">Sytnyk, Daniil (11 August 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230903014701/https://uamoderna.com/backward/ukrainska-dopomizhna-politsiia-u-kyievi-ta-okolytsiakh-chastyna-1-formuvannia-i-diialnist/">"The Ukrainian Auxiliary Police in Kyiv. Part 1. The Formation and Activities"</a>. <i>Ukraїna Moderna</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://uamoderna.com/backward/ukrainska-dopomizhna-politsiia-u-kyievi-ta-okolytsiakh-chastyna-1-formuvannia-i-diialnist/">the original</a> on 3 September 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ukra%D1%97na+Moderna&rft.atitle=The+Ukrainian+Auxiliary+Police+in+Kyiv.+Part+1.+The+Formation+and+Activities&rft.date=2023-08-11&rft.aulast=Sytnyk&rft.aufirst=Daniil&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fuamoderna.com%2Fbackward%2Fukrainska-dopomizhna-politsiia-u-kyievi-ta-okolytsiakh-chastyna-1-formuvannia-i-diialnist%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUkrainian+Auxiliary+Police" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFСитник2020" class="citation journal cs1">Ситник, Данііл (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/44889966">"Формування української поліції у Києві (1941-1943)"</a>. <i>Наукові записки НаУКМА</i>. <b>3</b>: 41–44. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.18523%2F2617-3417.2020.3.40-48">10.18523/2617-3417.2020.3.40-48</a></span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 March</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96+%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8+%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%A3%D0%9A%D0%9C%D0%90&rft.atitle=%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F+%D1%83%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%BE%D1%97+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%86%D1%96%D1%97+%D1%83+%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%94%D0%B2%D1%96+%281941-1943%29&rft.volume=3&rft.pages=41-44&rft.date=2020&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.18523%2F2617-3417.2020.3.40-48&rft.aulast=%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BA&rft.aufirst=%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%96%D0%BB&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F44889966&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUkrainian+Auxiliary+Police" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rms05-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-rms05_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSpector2005" class="citation book cs1">Spector, Robert Melvin (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=F2TzAAAAMAAJ"><i>World without civilization: mass murder and the Holocaust</i></a>. University Press of America. pp. 678–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780761829638" title="Special:BookSources/9780761829638"><bdi>9780761829638</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=World+without+civilization%3A+mass+murder+and+the+Holocaust&rft.pages=678-&rft.pub=University+Press+of+America&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=9780761829638&rft.aulast=Spector&rft.aufirst=Robert+Melvin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DF2TzAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUkrainian+Auxiliary+Police" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRossoliński-Liebe" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Grzegorz_Rossoli%C5%84ski-Liebe" title="Grzegorz Rossoliński-Liebe">Rossoliński-Liebe, Grzegorz</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/28177433">"Holocaust Amnesia: The Ukrainian Diaspora and the Genocide of the Jews"</a>. <i>German Yearbook of Contemporary History 1 (2016)</i>. <q>The Ukrainian police played a very important role in the third phase of the Holocaust, during which most of the Jews in eastern Galicia and Volhynia were killed.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=German+Yearbook+of+Contemporary+History+1+%282016%29&rft.atitle=Holocaust+Amnesia%3A+The+Ukrainian+Diaspora+and+the+Genocide+of+the+Jews&rft.aulast=Rossoli%C5%84ski-Liebe&rft.aufirst=Grzegorz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F28177433&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUkrainian+Auxiliary+Police" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Soviet Counterinsurgency in the Western Borderlands Statiev Alexander Cambridge University Press 2010 page 69</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Shoah-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Shoah_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Shoah_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Shoah_25-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Shoah_25-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRay_Brandon,_Wendy_Lower2008" class="citation book cs1">Ray Brandon, Wendy Lower (28 May 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=hyYGOyX1IQUC&pg=PA55"><i>Ukrainian Society, Soviet Officialdom, and the West</i></a>. Indiana University Press. p. 55. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0253001597" title="Special:BookSources/978-0253001597"><bdi>978-0253001597</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 June</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ukrainian+Society%2C+Soviet+Officialdom%2C+and+the+West&rft.pages=55&rft.pub=Indiana+University+Press&rft.date=2008-05-28&rft.isbn=978-0253001597&rft.au=Ray+Brandon%2C+Wendy+Lower&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DhyYGOyX1IQUC%26pg%3DPA55&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUkrainian+Auxiliary+Police" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|work=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Horbaczewski-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Horbaczewski_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRobert_Horbaczewski2005" class="citation web cs1">Robert Horbaczewski (16 February 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120406085004/http://www.roztocze.net/newsroom.php/18387_Ostatnia_kara_%C5%9Bmierci_.html">"Ostatnia kara śmierci (The last case of capital punishment)"</a>. <i>Region – Gospodarka i polityka</i>. Kronika Tygodnia (reprint: Roztocze.net). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.roztocze.net/newsroom.php/18387_Ostatnia_kara_%C5%9Bmierci_.html">the original</a> on 6 April 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 June</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Region+%E2%80%93+Gospodarka+i+polityka&rft.atitle=Ostatnia+kara+%C5%9Bmierci+%28The+last+case+of+capital+punishment%29&rft.date=2005-02-16&rft.au=Robert+Horbaczewski&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.roztocze.net%2Fnewsroom.php%2F18387_Ostatnia_kara_%25C5%259Bmierci_.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUkrainian+Auxiliary+Police" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://muzeum-niepodleglosci.pl/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Kresy-2019-23.06.2019.pdf">"Museum of Independence"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 23 June 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Museum+of+Independence&rft.date=2019-06-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmuzeum-niepodleglosci.pl%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2019%2F02%2FKresy-2019-23.06.2019.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUkrainian+Auxiliary+Police" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-motyka-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-motyka_28-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-motyka_28-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Grzegorz Motyka, Ukraińska partyzantka 1942–1960<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (September 2010)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Czesław Partacz, Krzysztof Łada, Polska wobec ukraińskich dążeń niepodległościowych w czasie II wojny światowej, (Toruń: Centrum Edukacji Europejskiej, 2003)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Grzegorz_Motyka_(historian)" class="mw-redirect" title="Grzegorz Motyka (historian)">Grzegorz Motyka</a>, Rafał Wnuk, Pany i rezuny, 1997, p. 63</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Ukrainian)</span> Організація українських націоналістів і Українська повстанська армія. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110928100854/http://www.history.org.ua/LiberUA/Book/Upa/11.pdf">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"Двофронтова" боротьба УПА, p.165"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from the original on 28 September 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 December</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%22%D0%94%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%84%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%22+%D0%B1%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D1%8C%D0%B1%D0%B0+%D0%A3%D0%9F%D0%90%2C+p.165.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.org.ua%2FLiberUA%2FBook%2FUpa%2F11.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUkrainian+Auxiliary+Police" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Martin_Dean-60-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Martin_Dean-60_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMartin_Dean2003" class="citation book cs1">Martin Dean (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=tdzTU1Uj3zcC"><i>Collaboration in the Holocaust: Crimes of the Local Police in Belorussia and Ukraine, 1941–44</i></a>. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 60. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1403963711" title="Special:BookSources/1403963711"><bdi>1403963711</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Collaboration+in+the+Holocaust%3A+Crimes+of+the+Local+Police+in+Belorussia+and+Ukraine%2C+1941%E2%80%9344&rft.pages=60&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=1403963711&rft.au=Martin+Dean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DtdzTU1Uj3zcC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUkrainian+Auxiliary+Police" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Williamson-44-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Williamson-44_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGordon_Williamson2012" class="citation book cs1">Gordon Williamson (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=U1eiaOoSHEsC"><i>German Security and Police Soldier 1939–45</i></a>. Osprey Publishing. p. 44. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1782000075" title="Special:BookSources/978-1782000075"><bdi>978-1782000075</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=German+Security+and+Police+Soldier+1939%E2%80%9345&rft.pages=44&rft.pub=Osprey+Publishing&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-1782000075&rft.au=Gordon+Williamson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DU1eiaOoSHEsC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUkrainian+Auxiliary+Police" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged October 2023">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MW-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MW_34-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MW_34-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MW_34-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarcus_Wendel2014" class="citation web cs1">Marcus Wendel (19 January 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.axishistory.com/books/137-germany-military-other/foreign-volunteers/9065-schutzmannschaft-bataillone">"Schutzmannschaft Bataillone"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(Internet Archive <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140106075125/http://www.axishistory.com/books/137-germany-military-other/foreign-volunteers/9065-schutzmannschaft-bataillone">6 January 1914 capture</a>)</span>. Axis History<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 June</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Schutzmannschaft+Bataillone&rft.pub=Axis+History&rft.date=2014-01-19&rft.au=Marcus+Wendel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.axishistory.com%2Fbooks%2F137-germany-military-other%2Fforeign-volunteers%2F9065-schutzmannschaft-bataillone&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUkrainian+Auxiliary+Police" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">External link in <code class="cs1-code"><code class="cs1-code">|format=</code></code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#param_has_ext_link" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Schiessl40-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Schiessl40_35-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schiessl40_35-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChristoph_Schiessl2009" class="citation book cs1">Christoph Schiessl (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ExsfSp67pg8C"><i>The Search for Nazi Collaborators in the United States</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(Google Books)</span>. Wayne State University. p. 40. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1109090079" title="Special:BookSources/978-1109090079"><bdi>978-1109090079</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 February</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Search+for+Nazi+Collaborators+in+the+United+States&rft.pages=40&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1109090079&rft.au=Christoph+Schiessl&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DExsfSp67pg8C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUkrainian+Auxiliary+Police" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged October 2023">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMartin_C._Dean2003" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Martin_C._Dean" title="Martin C. Dean">Martin C. Dean</a> (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=tdzTU1Uj3zcC"><i>Collaboration in the Holocaust</i></a>. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 68. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1403963711" title="Special:BookSources/1403963711"><bdi>1403963711</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Collaboration+in+the+Holocaust&rft.pages=68&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=1403963711&rft.au=Martin+C.+Dean&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DtdzTU1Uj3zcC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUkrainian+Auxiliary+Police" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rudling2015-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Rudling2015_37-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPer_Anders_Rudling2015" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Per_Anders_Rudling" title="Per Anders Rudling">Per Anders Rudling</a> (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academia.edu/536217">"Schutzmannschaft Battalion 201 and Hauptmann Roman Shukhevych in Belarus 1942"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(Available in RTF)</span>. <i>Schooling in Murder</i>. Academia.edu; Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität, Greifswald<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 February</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Schooling+in+Murder&rft.atitle=Schutzmannschaft+Battalion+201+and+Hauptmann+Roman+Shukhevych+in+Belarus+1942&rft.date=2015&rft.au=Per+Anders+Rudling&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F536217&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUkrainian+Auxiliary+Police" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GFN-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GFN_38-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGFN1992" class="citation web cs1">GFN (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110216014512/http://www.cgsc.edu/CARL/nafziger/939GXWA.pdf">"Organizational History of the German SS Formations 1939–1945"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Command and General Staff College (CGSC), US Army Combined Arms Center. p. 24. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cgsc.edu/CARL/nafziger/939GXWA.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF file, direct download)</span> on 16 February 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 February</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Organizational+History+of+the+German+SS+Formations+1939%E2%80%931945&rft.pages=24&rft.pub=Command+and+General+Staff+College+%28CGSC%29%2C+US+Army+Combined+Arms+Center&rft.date=1992&rft.au=GFN&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cgsc.edu%2FCARL%2Fnafziger%2F939GXWA.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUkrainian+Auxiliary+Police" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Petrouchkevitch-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Petrouchkevitch_39-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Petrouchkevitch_39-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNatalia_Petrouchkevitch2015" class="citation book cs1">Natalia Petrouchkevitch (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://scholars.wlu.ca/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1034&context=etd"><i>Wartime experiences of the Schutzmannschaft Battalion 118</i></a>. Wilfrid Laurier University. pp. 71–78<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 February</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wartime+experiences+of+the+Schutzmannschaft+Battalion+118&rft.pages=71-78&rft.pub=Wilfrid+Laurier+University&rft.date=2015&rft.au=Natalia+Petrouchkevitch&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fscholars.wlu.ca%2Fcgi%2Fviewcontent.cgi%3Farticle%3D1034%26context%3Detd&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUkrainian+Auxiliary+Police" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|work=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Einsatzgruppen_and_Einsatzkommandos" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#d7d7d7;;background:#c3c3c3;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Einsatzgruppen" title="Template:Einsatzgruppen"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Einsatzgruppen" title="Template talk:Einsatzgruppen"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Einsatzgruppen" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Einsatzgruppen"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Einsatzgruppen_and_Einsatzkommandos" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><i><a href="/wiki/Einsatzgruppen" title="Einsatzgruppen">Einsatzgruppen</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Einsatzkommando" title="Einsatzkommando">Einsatzkommandos</a></i></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d7d7d7;;width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Director</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reinhard_Heydrich" title="Reinhard Heydrich">Reinhard Heydrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Kaltenbrunner" title="Ernst Kaltenbrunner">Ernst Kaltenbrunner</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Commanders of <br /><i>Einsatzgruppen</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Humbert_Achamer-Pifrader" title="Humbert Achamer-Pifrader">Humbert Achamer-Pifrader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walther_Bierkamp" title="Walther Bierkamp">Walther Bierkamp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horst_B%C3%B6hme_(SS_officer)" title="Horst Böhme (SS officer)">Horst Böhme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erich_Ehrlinger" title="Erich Ehrlinger">Erich Ehrlinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Fuchs" title="Wilhelm Fuchs">Wilhelm Fuchs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinz_Jost" title="Heinz Jost">Heinz Jost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruno_M%C3%BCller" title="Bruno Müller">Bruno Müller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erich_Naumann" title="Erich Naumann">Erich Naumann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Nebe" title="Arthur Nebe">Arthur Nebe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Ohlendorf" title="Otto Ohlendorf">Otto Ohlendorf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Panzinger" title="Friedrich Panzinger">Friedrich Panzinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Rasch" title="Otto Rasch">Otto Rasch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Seetzen" title="Heinrich Seetzen">Heinrich Seetzen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Walter_Stahlecker" title="Franz Walter Stahlecker">Franz Walter Stahlecker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruno_Streckenbach" title="Bruno Streckenbach">Bruno Streckenbach</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Commanders of<br /><i>Einsatzkommandos</i>,<br /><i>Sonderkommandos</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Erich_von_dem_Bach-Zelewski" title="Erich von dem Bach-Zelewski">Erich von dem Bach-Zelewski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Bast" title="Gerhard Bast">Gerhard Bast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Batz" title="Rudolf Batz">Rudolf Batz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Biberstein" title="Ernst Biberstein">Ernst Biberstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Birkner" title="Wolfgang Birkner">Wolfgang Birkner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmut_Bischoff" title="Helmut Bischoff">Helmut Bischoff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Blobel" title="Paul Blobel">Paul Blobel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Blume_(SS_officer)" title="Walter Blume (SS officer)">Walter Blume</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich-Wilhelm_Bock" title="Friedrich-Wilhelm Bock">Friedrich-Wilhelm Bock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Bradfisch" title="Otto Bradfisch">Otto Bradfisch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Werner_Braune" title="Werner Braune">Werner Braune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Brunner_(SS_general)" title="Karl Brunner (SS general)">Karl Brunner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Buchardt" title="Friedrich Buchardt">Friedrich Buchardt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Damzog" title="Ernst Damzog">Ernst Damzog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Flesch" title="Gerhard Flesch">Gerhard Flesch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Hahn" title="Ludwig Hahn">Ludwig Hahn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erich_Isselhorst" title="Erich Isselhorst">Erich Isselhorst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_J%C3%A4ger" title="Karl Jäger">Karl Jäger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Jeckeln" title="Friedrich Jeckeln">Friedrich Jeckeln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waldemar_Klingelh%C3%B6fer" title="Waldemar Klingelhöfer">Waldemar Klingelhöfer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_K%C3%BCgler" title="Wolfgang Kügler">Wolfgang Kügler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Kutschmann" title="Walter Kutschmann">Walter Kutschmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Lange" title="Rudolf Lange">Rudolf Lange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josef_Albert_Meisinger" title="Josef Albert Meisinger">Josef Meisinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Adolf_Nosske" title="Gustav Adolf Nosske">Gustav Adolf Nosske</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans-Adolf_Pr%C3%BCtzmann" title="Hans-Adolf Prützmann">Hans-Adolf Prützmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Rauff" title="Walter Rauff">Walter Rauff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Sandberger" title="Martin Sandberger">Martin Sandberger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emanuel_Sch%C3%A4fer" title="Emanuel Schäfer">Emanuel Schäfer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Schaper" title="Hermann Schaper">Hermann Schaper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Eberhard_Sch%C3%B6ngarth" title="Karl Eberhard Schöngarth">Karl Eberhard Schöngarth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erwin_Schulz" title="Erwin Schulz">Erwin Schulz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Six" title="Franz Six">Franz Six</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugen_Steimle" title="Eugen Steimle">Eugen Steimle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eduard_Strauch" title="Eduard Strauch">Eduard Strauch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Weiss_(Nazi_official)" title="Martin Weiss (Nazi official)">Martin Weiss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Udo_von_Woyrsch" title="Udo von Woyrsch">Udo von Woyrsch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Other members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/August_Becker" title="August Becker">August Becker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lothar_Fendler" title="Lothar Fendler">Lothar Fendler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joachim_Hamann" title="Joachim Hamann">Joachim Hamann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emil_Haussmann" title="Emil Haussmann">Emil Haussmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felix_Landau" title="Felix Landau">Felix Landau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinz_Schubert_(SS_officer)" title="Heinz Schubert (SS officer)">Heinz Schubert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Widmann" title="Albert Widmann">Albert Widmann</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Collaborators</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Viktors_Ar%C4%81js" title="Viktors Arājs">Viktors Arājs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herberts_Cukurs" title="Herberts Cukurs">Herberts Cukurs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antanas_Impulevi%C4%8Dius" title="Antanas Impulevičius">Antanas Impulevičius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konr%C4%81ds_Kal%C4%93js" title="Konrāds Kalējs">Konrāds Kalējs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Algirdas_Klimaitis" title="Algirdas Klimaitis">Algirdas Klimaitis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d7d7d7;;width:1%">Groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">German</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Schutzstaffel" title="Schutzstaffel">Schutzstaffel</a></i> (SS)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Reich_Security_Main_Office" title="Reich Security Main Office">Reichssicherheitshauptamt</a></i> (RSHA)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sicherheitspolizei" title="Sicherheitspolizei">Sicherheitspolizei</a></i> (SiPo)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sicherheitsdienst" title="Sicherheitsdienst">Sicherheitsdienst</a></i> (SD)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ordnungspolizei" title="Ordnungspolizei">Ordnungspolizei</a></i> (Orpo)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/8th_SS_Cavalry_Division_Florian_Geyer" title="8th SS Cavalry Division Florian Geyer">8th SS Cavalry Division Florian Geyer</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Volksdeutscher_Selbstschutz" title="Volksdeutscher Selbstschutz">Volksdeutscher Selbstschutz</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sonderdienst" title="Sonderdienst">Sonderdienst</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Non-German</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Schutzmannschaft" title="Schutzmannschaft">Schutzmannschaft</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Belarusian_Auxiliary_Police" title="Belarusian Auxiliary Police">Belarusian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Estonian_Auxiliary_Police" title="Estonian Auxiliary Police">Estonian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Latvian_Auxiliary_Police" title="Latvian Auxiliary Police">Latvian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_Auxiliary_Police_Battalions" class="mw-redirect" title="Lithuanian Auxiliary Police Battalions">Lithuanian</a>, <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ukrainian</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arajs_Kommando" title="Arajs Kommando">Arajs <i>Kommando</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_Security_Police" title="Lithuanian Security Police">Lithuanian Security Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rollkommando_Hamann" title="Rollkommando Hamann"><i>Rollkommando</i> Hamann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_TDA_Battalions" class="mw-redirect" title="Lithuanian TDA Battalions">TDA</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ypatingasis_b%C5%ABrys" title="Ypatingasis būrys">Ypatingasis būrys</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d7d7d7;;width:1%">Crimes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust_in_Belarus" title="The Holocaust in Belarus">Belarus</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C5%81achwa_Ghetto" title="Łachwa Ghetto">Łachwa Ghetto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minsk_Ghetto" title="Minsk Ghetto">Minsk Ghetto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slutsk_affair" class="mw-redirect" title="Slutsk affair">Slutsk Affair</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust_in_Estonia" title="The Holocaust in Estonia">Estonia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kalevi-Liiva" title="Kalevi-Liiva">Kalevi-Liiva</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust_in_Latvia" title="The Holocaust in Latvia">Latvia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Burning_of_the_Riga_synagogues" title="Burning of the Riga synagogues">Burning of the Riga synagogues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%BCnam%C3%BCnde_Action" title="Dünamünde Action">Dünamünde Action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jelgava_massacres" title="Jelgava massacres">Jelgava</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daugavpils_Ghetto" title="Daugavpils Ghetto">Pogulianski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rumbula_massacre" title="Rumbula massacre">Rumbula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liep%C4%81ja_massacres" title="Liepāja massacres">Liepāja (Šķēde)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust_in_Lithuania" title="The Holocaust in Lithuania">Lithuania</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ninth_Fort" title="Ninth Fort">Ninth Fort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaunas_pogrom" title="Kaunas pogrom">Kaunas June 1941</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaunas_massacre_of_October_29,_1941" title="Kaunas massacre of October 29, 1941">Kaunas 29 October 1941</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ninth_Fort_massacres_of_November_1941" title="Ninth Fort massacres of November 1941">Ninth Fort November 1941</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ponary_massacre" title="Ponary massacre">Ponary</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust_in_Poland" title="The Holocaust in Poland">Poland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Tannenberg" title="Operation Tannenberg">Operation Tannenberg</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Intelligenzaktion" title="Intelligenzaktion">Intelligenzaktion</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_AB-Aktion_in_Poland" title="German AB-Aktion in Poland"><i>AB-Aktion</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust_in_Russia" title="The Holocaust in Russia">Russia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gully_of_Petrushino" title="Gully of Petrushino">Gully of Petrushino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zmievskaya_Balka" title="Zmievskaya Balka">Zmievskaya Balka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust_in_Slovakia" title="The Holocaust in Slovakia">Slovakia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kremni%C4%8Dka_and_Nemeck%C3%A1_massacres" title="Kremnička and Nemecká massacres">Kremnička and Nemecká</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust_in_Ukraine" title="The Holocaust in Ukraine">Ukraine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Babi_Yar" title="Babi Yar">Babi Yar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drobytsky_Yar" title="Drobytsky Yar">Drobytsky Yar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drohobycz_Ghetto" title="Drohobycz Ghetto">Drohobycz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamianets-Podilskyi_massacre" title="Kamianets-Podilskyi massacre">Kamianets-Podilskyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lviv_pogroms" class="mw-redirect" title="Lviv pogroms">Lviv pogroms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mizocz_Ghetto" class="mw-redirect" title="Mizocz Ghetto">Mizocz Ghetto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1941_Odessa_massacre" title="1941 Odessa massacre">Odesa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d7d7d7;;width:1%">Records</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Einsatzgruppen" title="List of Einsatzgruppen">List of Einsatzgruppen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Black_Book_(list)" title="The Black Book (list)">The Black Book</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commissar_Order" title="Commissar Order">Commissar Order</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Einsatzgruppen_trial" title="Einsatzgruppen trial">Einsatzgruppen trial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%A4ger_Report" title="Jäger Report">Jäger Report</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korherr_Report" title="Korherr Report">Korherr Report</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Prosecution_Book-Poland" class="mw-redirect" title="Special Prosecution Book-Poland">Special Prosecution Book-Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Einsatzgruppen_reports" title="Einsatzgruppen reports">Einsatzgruppen reports</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="The_Holocaust_in_Ukraine" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Holocaust_Ukraine" title="Template:Holocaust Ukraine"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Holocaust_Ukraine" title="Template talk:Holocaust Ukraine"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Holocaust_Ukraine" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Holocaust Ukraine"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="The_Holocaust_in_Ukraine" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust_in_Ukraine" title="The Holocaust in Ukraine">The Holocaust in Ukraine</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <dl><dt><span class="nobold">Main article</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust" title="The Holocaust">The Holocaust</a></dd> <dt><span class="nobold">Related articles by country</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust_in_Belarus" title="The Holocaust in Belarus">Belarus</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust_in_Estonia" title="The Holocaust in Estonia">Estonia</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust_in_Latvia" title="The Holocaust in Latvia">Latvia</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust_in_Lithuania" title="The Holocaust in Lithuania">Lithuania</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust_in_Norway" title="The Holocaust in Norway">Norway</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust_in_Poland" title="The Holocaust in Poland">Poland</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust_in_Romania" title="The Holocaust in Romania">Romania</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust_in_Russia" title="The Holocaust in Russia">Russia</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Perpetrators</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Blobel" title="Paul Blobel">Paul Blobel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Werner_Braune" title="Werner Braune">Werner Braune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Eberhard" title="Kurt Eberhard">Kurt Eberhard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Fegelein" title="Hermann Fegelein">Hermann Fegelein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lothar_Fendler" title="Lothar Fendler">Lothar Fendler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Frank" title="Hans Frank">Hans Frank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnther_Herrmann_(SS_commander)" title="Günther Herrmann (SS commander)">Günther Herrmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Jeckeln" title="Friedrich Jeckeln">Friedrich Jeckeln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Kaltenbrunner" title="Ernst Kaltenbrunner">Ernst Kaltenbrunner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fritz_Katzmann" title="Fritz Katzmann">Fritz Katzmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erich_Koch" title="Erich Koch">Erich Koch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felix_Landau" title="Felix Landau">Felix Landau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Adolf_Nosske" title="Gustav Adolf Nosske">Gustav Adolf Nosske</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_von_Obstfelder" title="Hans von Obstfelder">Hans von Obstfelder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Ohlendorf" title="Otto Ohlendorf">Otto Ohlendorf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans-Adolf_Pr%C3%BCtzmann" title="Hans-Adolf Prützmann">Hans-Adolf Prützmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Radomski" title="Paul Radomski">Paul Otto Radomski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Rasch" title="Otto Rasch">Otto Rasch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_von_Reichenau" title="Walter von Reichenau">Walter von Reichenau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Schimana" title="Walter Schimana">Walter Schimana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Eberhard_Sch%C3%B6ngarth" title="Karl Eberhard Schöngarth">Karl Eberhard Schöngarth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinz_Schubert_(SS_officer)" title="Heinz Schubert (SS officer)">Heinz Schubert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erwin_Schulz" title="Erwin Schulz">Erwin Schulz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Seetzen" title="Heinrich Seetzen">Heinrich Seetzen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Graf_von_Sponeck" title="Hans Graf von Sponeck">Hans Graf von Sponeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_W%C3%A4chter" title="Otto Wächter">Otto Wächter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dieter_Wisliceny" title="Dieter Wisliceny">Dieter Wisliceny</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_collaboration_with_Nazi_Germany" title="Ukrainian collaboration with Nazi Germany">Collaborators</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Demjanjuk" title="John Demjanjuk">John Demjanjuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feodor_Fedorenko" title="Feodor Fedorenko">Feodor Fedorenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anatoliy_Kabayda" title="Anatoliy Kabayda">Anatoliy Kabayda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Katriuk" title="Vladimir Katriuk">Vladimir Katriuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasyl_Meleshko" title="Vasyl Meleshko">Vasyl Meleshko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hryhoriy_Vasiura" title="Hryhoriy Vasiura">Hryhoriy Vasiura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petro_Voinovsky" title="Petro Voinovsky">Petro Voinovsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petro_Zakhvalynsky" title="Petro Zakhvalynsky">Petro Zakhvalynsky</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Victims</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tatiana_Markus" title="Tatiana Markus">Tatiana Markus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rescuers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Ukrainian_Righteous_Among_the_Nations" title="List of Ukrainian Righteous Among the Nations">Ukrainian Righteous Among the Nations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleksei_Glagolev" title="Aleksei Glagolev">Aleksei Glagolev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Friedrich_Graebe" title="Hermann Friedrich Graebe">Hermann Friedrich Graebe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omelyan_Kovch" title="Omelyan Kovch">Omelyan Kovch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klymentiy_Sheptytsky" title="Klymentiy Sheptytsky">Klymentiy Sheptytsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yurii_Sokolov" title="Yurii Sokolov">Yurii Sokolov</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Perpetrators" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Perpetrators</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Einsatzgruppen" title="Einsatzgruppen">Einsatzgruppen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nachtigall_Battalion" title="Nachtigall Battalion">Nachtigall Battalion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_Regiment_South" title="Police Regiment South">Police Regiment South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schutzmannschaft" title="Schutzmannschaft">Schutzmannschaft</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ukrainian Auxiliary Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Insurgent_Army" title="Ukrainian Insurgent Army">Ukrainian Insurgent Army</a> (UPA)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_People%27s_Militia" class="mw-redirect" title="Ukrainian People's Militia">Ukrainian People's Militia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Artemivsk_massacre" title="Artemivsk massacre">Artemivsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babi_Yar" title="Babi Yar">Babi Yar</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Babi_Yar_memorials" title="Babi Yar memorials">memorials</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bila_Tserkva_massacre" title="Bila Tserkva massacre">Bila Tserkva massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drobytsky_Yar" title="Drobytsky Yar">Drobytsky Yar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durchgangsstrasse_IV" title="Durchgangsstrasse IV"><i>Durchgangsstrasse</i> IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamianets-Podilskyi_massacre" title="Kamianets-Podilskyi massacre">Kamianets-Podilskyi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lviv_pogroms" class="mw-redirect" title="Lviv pogroms">Lviv pogroms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1941_Odessa_massacre" title="1941 Odessa massacre">Odessa massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pripyat_Marshes_massacres" title="Pripyat Marshes massacres">Pripyat Marshes massacres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarny_massacre" title="Sarny massacre">Sarny massacre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bogdanovka_concentration_camp" title="Bogdanovka concentration camp">Bogdanovka concentration camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drohobycz_Ghetto" title="Drohobycz Ghetto">Drohobycz Ghetto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mizocz_Ghetto" class="mw-redirect" title="Mizocz Ghetto">Mizocz Ghetto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrets_concentration_camp" title="Syrets concentration camp">Syrets concentration camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vapniarka_concentration_camp" title="Vapniarka concentration camp">Vapniarka concentration camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pechora_concentration_camp" title="Pechora concentration camp">Pechora concentration camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janowska_concentration_camp" title="Janowska concentration camp">Janowska concentration camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priest%27s_Grotto" title="Priest's Grotto">Priest's Grotto</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Evidence</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Friedrich_Graebe" title="Hermann Friedrich Graebe">Graebe affidavit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivanhorod_Einsatzgruppen_photograph" title="Ivanhorod Einsatzgruppen photograph">Ivanhorod Einsatzgruppen photograph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katzmann_Report" title="Katzmann Report">Katzmann Report</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Generalplan_Ost" title="Generalplan Ost">Generalplan Ost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonderaktion_1005" title="Sonderaktion 1005">Sonderaktion 1005</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Last_Jew_in_Vinnitsa" title="The Last Jew in Vinnitsa">The Last Jew in Vinnitsa</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Volksliste" title="Deutsche Volksliste">Deutsche Volksliste</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Trials</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Einsatzgruppen_trial" title="Einsatzgruppen trial">Einsatzgruppen trial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kharkov_Trial" title="Kharkov Trial">Kharkov Trial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extraordinary_State_Commission" title="Extraordinary State Commission">Extraordinary (Soviet) State Commission</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Books, films</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Luboml:_My_Heart_Remembers" title="Luboml: My Heart Remembers">Luboml: My Heart Remembers</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/No_Place_on_Earth" title="No Place on Earth">No Place on Earth</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/She_Paid_the_Ultimate_Price" title="She Paid the Ultimate Price">She Paid the Ultimate Price</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Lemberg_Mosaic" title="The Lemberg Mosaic">The Lemberg Mosaic</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_White_Hotel" title="The White Hotel">The White Hotel</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Word_of_the_Righteous" title="Word of the Righteous">Word of the Righteous</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <dl><dt><span class="nobold">See also</span></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Carpathian_Ruthenia" title="History of the Jews in Carpathian Ruthenia">History of the Jews in Carpathian Ruthenia</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Transnistria_Governorate" title="Transnistria Governorate">Transnistria Governorate</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Schutzstaffel_(SS)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background:#d7d7d7;;background:#c3c3c3;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:SS_organizations" title="Template:SS organizations"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:SS_organizations" title="Template talk:SS organizations"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:SS_organizations" title="Special:EditPage/Template:SS organizations"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Schutzstaffel_(SS)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><i><a href="/wiki/Schutzstaffel" title="Schutzstaffel">Schutzstaffel</a></i> (SS)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d7d7d7;;width:1%">Branches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allgemeine_SS" title="Allgemeine SS">Allgemeine SS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SS-Totenkopfverb%C3%A4nde" title="SS-Totenkopfverbände">SS-Totenkopfverbände</a> (SS-TV)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waffen-SS" title="Waffen-SS">Waffen-SS</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="9" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px;padding:0 0.3em 2.2em;"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Schutzstaffel.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="SS insignia"><img alt="SS insignia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Flag_of_the_Schutzstaffel.svg/50px-Flag_of_the_Schutzstaffel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Flag_of_the_Schutzstaffel.svg/75px-Flag_of_the_Schutzstaffel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Flag_of_the_Schutzstaffel.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_Schutzstaffel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d7d7d7;;width:1%">Leadership</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reichsf%C3%BChrer-SS" title="Reichsführer-SS">Reichsführer-SS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SS_and_police_leader" title="SS and police leader">SS and police leader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Units_and_commands_of_the_Schutzstaffel" title="Units and commands of the Schutzstaffel">SS commands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allgemeine-SS_regional_commands" title="Allgemeine-SS regional commands">Allgemeine-SS regional commands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d7d7d7;;width:1%">Leaders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Julius_Schreck" title="Julius Schreck">Julius Schreck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Berchtold" title="Joseph Berchtold">Joseph Berchtold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erhard_Heiden" title="Erhard Heiden">Erhard Heiden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Himmler" title="Heinrich Himmler">Heinrich Himmler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Hanke" title="Karl Hanke">Karl Hanke</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d7d7d7;;width:1%">Main departments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Personal_Staff_Reichsf%C3%BChrer-SS" title="Personal Staff Reichsführer-SS">Personal Staff Reichsführer-SS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kommandostab_Reichsf%C3%BChrer-SS" title="Kommandostab Reichsführer-SS">Command Staff Reichsführer-SS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SS_Main_Office" title="SS Main Office">SS Main Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SS_Medical_Corps" title="SS Medical Corps">SS Medical Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SS_F%C3%BChrungshauptamt" title="SS Führungshauptamt">Head Operational Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reich_Security_Main_Office" title="Reich Security Main Office">Reich Security Main Office</a> (RSHA)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SS_Main_Economic_and_Administrative_Office" title="SS Main Economic and Administrative Office">Economics and Administration Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SS_Race_and_Settlement_Main_Office" title="SS Race and Settlement Main Office">Office of Race and Settlement (RuSHA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volksdeutsche_Mittelstelle" title="Volksdeutsche Mittelstelle">Main Office for Ethnic Germans (VOMI)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reich_Commissioner_for_the_Consolidation_of_German_Nationhood" title="Reich Commissioner for the Consolidation of German Nationhood">Office of the Reich Commissioner for Germanic Resettlement (RKFDV)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SS_Court_Main_Office" title="SS Court Main Office">Courts Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SS_Personnel_Main_Office" title="SS Personnel Main Office">Personnel Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SS_Education_Office" title="SS Education Office">Education Office</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d7d7d7;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ideology_of_the_SS" title="Ideology of the SS">Ideological institutions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahnenerbe" title="Ahnenerbe">Ahnenerbe</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Das_Schwarze_Korps" title="Das Schwarze Korps">Das Schwarze Korps</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SS-Junker_Schools" title="SS-Junker Schools">SS-Junker Schools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebensborn" title="Lebensborn">Lebensborn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d7d7d7;;width:1%">Police and security services</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ordnungspolizei" title="Ordnungspolizei">Uniformed police (Orpo)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schutzpolizei_(Nazi_Germany)" title="Schutzpolizei (Nazi Germany)">Schutzpolizei (Schupo)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kriminalpolizei_(Nazi_Germany)" title="Kriminalpolizei (Nazi Germany)">Criminal police (Kripo)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gestapo" title="Gestapo">Secret State Police (Gestapo)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sicherheitspolizei" title="Sicherheitspolizei">State Security Police (SiPo)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sicherheitsdienst" title="Sicherheitsdienst">SS Security Service (SD)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zollgrenzschutz" title="Zollgrenzschutz">Customs Border Guards (ZGS)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d7d7d7;;width:1%">Führer protection</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SS-Begleitkommando_des_F%C3%BChrers" title="SS-Begleitkommando des Führers">SS-Begleitkommando des Führers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reichssicherheitsdienst" title="Reichssicherheitsdienst">Reichssicherheitsdienst</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d7d7d7;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Waffen-SS_units" title="List of Waffen-SS units">Waffen-SS units</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;background:#c3c3c3;">Paramilitary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Einsatzgruppen" title="Einsatzgruppen">Einsatzgruppen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schutzmannschaft" title="Schutzmannschaft">Schutzmannschaft</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belarusian_Auxiliary_Police" title="Belarusian Auxiliary Police">Byelorussian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvian_Auxiliary_Police" title="Latvian Auxiliary Police">Latvian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuanian_Auxiliary_Police_Battalions" class="mw-redirect" title="Lithuanian Auxiliary Police Battalions">Lithuanian</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ukrainian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonian_Auxiliary_Police" title="Estonian Auxiliary Police">Estonian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rollkommando_Hamann" title="Rollkommando Hamann">Rollkommando Hamann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arajs_Kommando" title="Arajs Kommando">Arajs Kommando</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selbstschutz" title="Selbstschutz">Selbstschutz</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Volksdeutscher_Selbstschutz" title="Volksdeutscher Selbstschutz">Volksdeutscher</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trawniki_men" title="Trawniki men">Trawnikis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_Police_battalions" title="Order Police battalions">Order Police battalions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiwi_(volunteer)" title="Hiwi (volunteer)">Hiwi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Security_Battalions" title="Security Battalions">Security Battalions (Greece)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;background:#c3c3c3;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Waffen-SS_divisions" title="List of Waffen-SS divisions">Waffen-SS divisions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SS-Verf%C3%BCgungstruppe" title="SS-Verfügungstruppe">SS-Verfügungstruppe</a> (SS-VT)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1st_SS_Panzer_Division_Leibstandarte_SS_Adolf_Hitler" title="1st SS Panzer Division Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler">Leibstandarte (LSSAH)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2nd_SS_Panzer_Division_Das_Reich" title="2nd SS Panzer Division Das Reich">SS Division Das Reich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3rd_SS_Panzer_Division_Totenkopf" title="3rd SS Panzer Division Totenkopf">SS Division Totenkopf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4th_SS_Polizei_Panzergrenadier_Division" title="4th SS Polizei Panzergrenadier Division">SS Polizei Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5th_SS_Panzer_Division_Wiking" title="5th SS Panzer Division Wiking">SS Division Wiking</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;background:#c3c3c3;"><a href="/wiki/Waffen-SS_foreign_volunteers_and_conscripts" title="Waffen-SS foreign volunteers and conscripts">Foreign SS units</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_SS" title="Austrian SS">Austrian SS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germanic-SS" class="mw-redirect" title="Germanic-SS">Germanic-SS</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nederlandsche_SS" class="mw-redirect" title="Nederlandsche SS">Germaansche SS in Nederland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Algemeene-SS_Vlaanderen" class="mw-redirect" title="Algemeene-SS Vlaanderen">Germaansche SS in Vlaanderen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germanske_SS_Norge" class="mw-redirect" title="Germanske SS Norge">Germanske SS Norge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schalburg_Corps" class="mw-redirect" title="Schalburg Corps">Schalburg Corps</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Free_Corps" title="British Free Corps">British Free Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaminski_Brigade" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaminski Brigade">Kaminski Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_Volunteer_Battalion_of_the_Waffen-SS" class="mw-redirect" title="Finnish Volunteer Battalion of the Waffen-SS">Finnish Volunteer Battalion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#d7d7d7;;width:1%">SS-controlled enterprises</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Wirtschaftsbetriebe" title="Deutsche Wirtschaftsbetriebe">Deutsche Wirtschaftsbetriebe</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/German_Earth_and_Stone_Works" title="German Earth and Stone Works">German Earth and Stone Works</a> (DEST)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostindustrie" title="Ostindustrie">Ostindustrie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Equipment_Works" title="German Equipment Works">German Equipment Works</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Klinker-Zement&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Klinker-Zement (page does not exist)">Klinker-Zement</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allach_(porcelain)" title="Allach (porcelain)">Allach porcelain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollinaris_(water)" title="Apollinaris (water)">Apollinaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mattoni" class="mw-redirect" title="Mattoni">Mattoni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudetenquell" title="Sudetenquell">Sudetenquell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Loibl_GmbH" title="Anton Loibl GmbH">Anton Loibl</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ukrainian_Auxiliary_Police&oldid=1252383122">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ukrainian_Auxiliary_Police&oldid=1252383122</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Ukrainian_Auxiliary_Police" title="Category:Ukrainian Auxiliary Police">Ukrainian Auxiliary Police</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:General_Government" title="Category:General Government">General Government</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Local_participation_in_the_Holocaust" title="Category:Local participation in the Holocaust">Local participation in the Holocaust</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_errors:_periodical_ignored" title="Category:CS1 errors: periodical ignored">CS1 errors: periodical ignored</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_German-language_sources_(de)" title="Category:CS1 German-language sources (de)">CS1 German-language sources (de)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_dead_external_links" title="Category:All articles with dead external links">All articles with dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_dead_external_links_from_October_2023" title="Category:Articles with dead external links from October 2023">Articles with dead external links from October 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_permanently_dead_external_links" title="Category:Articles with permanently dead external links">Articles with permanently dead external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_errors:_external_links" title="Category:CS1 errors: external links">CS1 errors: external links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_Russian-language_sources_(ru)" title="Category:Articles with Russian-language sources (ru)">Articles with Russian-language sources (ru)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_page_number_citations_from_September_2010" title="Category:Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from September 2010">Wikipedia articles needing page number citations from September 2010</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_Ukrainian-language_sources_(uk)" title="Category:Articles with Ukrainian-language sources (uk)">Articles with Ukrainian-language sources (uk)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_German-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing German-language text">Articles containing German-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Ukrainian-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Ukrainian-language text">Articles containing Ukrainian-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_April_2017" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from April 2017">Articles with unsourced statements from April 2017</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_August_2019" title="Category:Use dmy dates from August 2019">Use dmy dates from August 2019</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 21 October 2024, at 02:47<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ukrainian_Auxiliary_Police&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-694cf4987f-wxhqq","wgBackendResponseTime":192,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.968","walltime":"1.138","ppvisitednodes":{"value":4416,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":177780,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":6273,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":19,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":6,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":135174,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 972.169 1 -total"," 40.01% 388.955 1 Template:Reflist"," 17.00% 165.298 11 Template:Cite_web"," 16.43% 159.744 3 Template:Langx"," 14.73% 143.177 9 Template:Navbox"," 11.68% 113.517 1 Template:Einsatzgruppen"," 9.41% 91.490 2 Template:Short_description"," 8.94% 86.884 1 Template:Infobox_military_unit"," 8.15% 79.221 5 Template:Fix"," 7.38% 71.778 1 Template:Infobox"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.577","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":17765502,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f7b5ccf54-xhw6w","timestamp":"20241125151544","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Ukrainian Auxiliary Police","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Ukrainian_Auxiliary_Police","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q3692693","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q3692693","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2009-01-18T12:47:19Z","dateModified":"2024-10-21T02:47:19Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/f\/f8\/Bundesarchiv_Bild_146-1982-161-01A%2C_Ukrainische_Wachmannschaft_eines_Torfwerks.jpg","headline":"local police formation set up by Nazi Germany during in Reichskommissariat Ukraine in July 1941"}</script> </body> </html>