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overflow: hidden; text-overflow: ellipsis; -webkit-line-clamp: 3; -webkit-box-orient: vertical; }</style><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><div class="u-floatLeft"><h1 class="PageHeader-title u-m0x u-fs30">Oil and gas</h1><div class="u-tcGrayDark">99,392 Followers</div><div class="u-tcGrayDark u-mt2x">Recent papers in <b>Oil and gas</b></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="TabbedNavigation"><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12 clearfix"><ul class="nav u-m0x u-p0x list-inline u-displayFlex"><li class="active"><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas">Top Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas/MostCited">Most Cited Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas/MostDownloaded">Most Downloaded Papers</a></li><li><a href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas/MostRecent">Newest Papers</a></li><li><a class="" href="https://www.academia.edu/People/Oil_and_gas">People</a></li></ul></div><style type="text/css">ul.nav{flex-direction:row}@media(max-width: 567px){ul.nav{flex-direction:column}.TabbedNavigation li{max-width:100%}.TabbedNavigation li.active{background-color:var(--background-grey, #dddde2)}.TabbedNavigation li.active:before,.TabbedNavigation li.active:after{display:none}}</style></div></div></div><div class="container"><div class="row"><div class="col-xs-12"><div class="u-displayFlex"><div class="u-flexGrow1"><div class="works"><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_45211686" data-work_id="45211686" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/45211686/An_integrated_assessment_of_Carbon_dioxide_capture_and_storage_in_the_UK">An integrated assessment of Carbon dioxide capture and storage in the UK</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Geological carbon dioxide storage (CCS) has the potential to make a significant contribution to the decarbonisation of the UK. Amid concerns over maintaining security, and hence diversity, of supply, CCS could allow the continued use of... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_45211686" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Geological carbon dioxide storage (CCS) has the potential to make a significant contribution to the decarbonisation of the UK. Amid concerns over maintaining security, and hence diversity, of supply, CCS could allow the continued use of coal, oil and gas whilst avoiding the CO 2 emissions currently associated with fossil fuel use. This project has explored some of the geological, environmental, technical, economic and social implications of this technology. The UK is well placed to exploit CCS with a large offshore storage capacity, both in disused oil and gas fields and saline aquifers. This capacity should be sufficient to store CO 2 from the power sector (at current levels) for a least one century, using well understood and therefore likely to be lower-risk, depleted hydrocarbon fields and contained parts of aquifers. It is very difficult to produce reliable estimates of the (potentially much larger) storage capacity of the less well understood geological reservoirs such as non-confined parts of aquifers. With the majority of its large coal fired power stations due to be retired during the next 15 to 20 years, the UK is at a natural decision point with respect to the future of power generation from coal; the existence of both national reserves and the infrastructure for receiving imported coal makes clean coal technology a realistic option. The notion of CCS as a 'bridging' or 'stop-gap' technology (i.e. whilst we develop 'genuinely' sustainable renewable energy technologies) needs to be examined somewhat critically, especially given the scale of global coal reserves. If CCS plant is built, then it is likely that technological innovation will bring down the costs of CO 2 capture, such that it could become increasingly attractive. As with any capitalintensive option, there is a danger of becoming 'locked-in' to a CCS system. The costs of CCS in our model for UK power stations in the East Midlands and Yorkshire to reservoirs in the North Sea are between £25 and £60 per tonne of CO 2 captured, transported and stored. This is between about 2 and 4 times the current traded price of a tonne of CO 2 in the EU Emissions Trading Scheme. In addition to the technical and economic requirements of the CCS technology, it should also be socially and environmentally acceptable. Our research has shown that, given an acceptance of the severity and urgency of addressing climate change, CCS is viewed favourably by members of the public, provided it is adopted within a portfolio of other measures. The most commonly voiced concern from the public is that of leakage and this remains perhaps the greatest uncertainty with CCS. It is not possible to make general statements concerning storage security; assessments must be site specific. The impacts of any potential leakage are also somewhat uncertain but should be balanced against the deleterious effects of increased acidification in the oceans due to uptake of elevated atmospheric CO 2 that have already been observed. Provided adequate long term monitoring can be ensured, any leakage of CO 2 from a storage site is likely to have minimal localised impacts as long as leaks are rapidly repaired. A regulatory framework for CCS will need to include risk assessment of potential environmental and health and safety impacts, accounting and 1 monitoring and liability for the long term. In summary, although there remain uncertainties to be resolved through research and demonstration projects, our assessment demonstrates that CCS holds great potential for significant cuts in CO 2 emissions as we develop long term alternatives to fossil fuel use. CCS can contribute to reducing emissions of CO 2 into the atmosphere in the near term (i.e. peak-shaving the future atmospheric concentration of CO 2 ), with the potential to continue to deliver significant CO 2 reductions over the long term.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/45211686" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1cc941dfdedb81772fbca31b5255a4e0" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":65792712,"asset_id":45211686,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/65792712/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMDcyNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="37653165" href="https://ucl.academia.edu/raypurdy">ray purdy</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="37653165" type="text/json">{"id":37653165,"first_name":"ray","last_name":"purdy","domain_name":"ucl","page_name":"raypurdy","display_name":"ray purdy","profile_url":"https://ucl.academia.edu/raypurdy?f_ri=17331","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_45211686 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="45211686"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 45211686, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_45211686", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=45211686]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_45211686").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_45211686").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="45211686"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">17</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1512" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Climate_Change">Climate Change</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1512" type="text/json">{"id":1512,"name":"Climate Change","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Climate_Change?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2738" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Renewable_Energy">Renewable Energy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2738" type="text/json">{"id":2738,"name":"Renewable Energy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Renewable_Energy?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4594" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carbon_Dioxide">Carbon Dioxide</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4594" type="text/json">{"id":4594,"name":"Carbon Dioxide","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carbon_Dioxide?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="8708" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Integrated_assessment">Integrated assessment</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="8708" type="text/json">{"id":8708,"name":"Integrated assessment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Integrated_assessment?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=45211686]'), work: {"id":45211686,"title":"An integrated assessment of Carbon dioxide capture and storage in the UK","created_at":"2021-02-26T09:15:04.435-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/45211686/An_integrated_assessment_of_Carbon_dioxide_capture_and_storage_in_the_UK?f_ri=17331","dom_id":"work_45211686","summary":"Geological carbon dioxide storage (CCS) has the potential to make a significant contribution to the decarbonisation of the UK. Amid concerns over maintaining security, and hence diversity, of supply, CCS could allow the continued use of coal, oil and gas whilst avoiding the CO 2 emissions currently associated with fossil fuel use. This project has explored some of the geological, environmental, technical, economic and social implications of this technology. The UK is well placed to exploit CCS with a large offshore storage capacity, both in disused oil and gas fields and saline aquifers. This capacity should be sufficient to store CO 2 from the power sector (at current levels) for a least one century, using well understood and therefore likely to be lower-risk, depleted hydrocarbon fields and contained parts of aquifers. It is very difficult to produce reliable estimates of the (potentially much larger) storage capacity of the less well understood geological reservoirs such as non-confined parts of aquifers. With the majority of its large coal fired power stations due to be retired during the next 15 to 20 years, the UK is at a natural decision point with respect to the future of power generation from coal; the existence of both national reserves and the infrastructure for receiving imported coal makes clean coal technology a realistic option. The notion of CCS as a 'bridging' or 'stop-gap' technology (i.e. whilst we develop 'genuinely' sustainable renewable energy technologies) needs to be examined somewhat critically, especially given the scale of global coal reserves. If CCS plant is built, then it is likely that technological innovation will bring down the costs of CO 2 capture, such that it could become increasingly attractive. As with any capitalintensive option, there is a danger of becoming 'locked-in' to a CCS system. The costs of CCS in our model for UK power stations in the East Midlands and Yorkshire to reservoirs in the North Sea are between £25 and £60 per tonne of CO 2 captured, transported and stored. This is between about 2 and 4 times the current traded price of a tonne of CO 2 in the EU Emissions Trading Scheme. In addition to the technical and economic requirements of the CCS technology, it should also be socially and environmentally acceptable. Our research has shown that, given an acceptance of the severity and urgency of addressing climate change, CCS is viewed favourably by members of the public, provided it is adopted within a portfolio of other measures. The most commonly voiced concern from the public is that of leakage and this remains perhaps the greatest uncertainty with CCS. It is not possible to make general statements concerning storage security; assessments must be site specific. The impacts of any potential leakage are also somewhat uncertain but should be balanced against the deleterious effects of increased acidification in the oceans due to uptake of elevated atmospheric CO 2 that have already been observed. Provided adequate long term monitoring can be ensured, any leakage of CO 2 from a storage site is likely to have minimal localised impacts as long as leaks are rapidly repaired. A regulatory framework for CCS will need to include risk assessment of potential environmental and health and safety impacts, accounting and 1 monitoring and liability for the long term. In summary, although there remain uncertainties to be resolved through research and demonstration projects, our assessment demonstrates that CCS holds great potential for significant cuts in CO 2 emissions as we develop long term alternatives to fossil fuel use. CCS can contribute to reducing emissions of CO 2 into the atmosphere in the near term (i.e. peak-shaving the future atmospheric concentration of CO 2 ), with the potential to continue to deliver significant CO 2 reductions over the long term.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":65792712,"asset_id":45211686,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":37653165,"first_name":"ray","last_name":"purdy","domain_name":"ucl","page_name":"raypurdy","display_name":"ray purdy","profile_url":"https://ucl.academia.edu/raypurdy?f_ri=17331","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1512,"name":"Climate Change","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Climate_Change?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":2738,"name":"Renewable Energy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Renewable_Energy?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":4594,"name":"Carbon Dioxide","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carbon_Dioxide?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":8708,"name":"Integrated assessment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Integrated_assessment?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":15282,"name":"Technological Innovation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Technological_Innovation?f_ri=17331"},{"id":16664,"name":"Risk assessment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk_assessment?f_ri=17331"},{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331"},{"id":72415,"name":"Power Generation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Power_Generation?f_ri=17331"},{"id":93298,"name":"Fossil Fuels","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fossil_Fuels?f_ri=17331"},{"id":258767,"name":"Health and Safety","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_and_Safety?f_ri=17331"},{"id":531422,"name":"North Sea","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/North_Sea?f_ri=17331"},{"id":622589,"name":"Risk Assessment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Risk_Assessment-2?f_ri=17331"},{"id":749782,"name":"Long Term Monitoring","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Long_Term_Monitoring?f_ri=17331"},{"id":1115799,"name":"Security Assessment","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Security_Assessment?f_ri=17331"},{"id":2483492,"name":"Storage capacity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Storage_capacity?f_ri=17331"},{"id":3101694,"name":"CO Emission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/CO_Emission?f_ri=17331"},{"id":3657582,"name":"Carbon dioxide Capture and Storage","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carbon_dioxide_Capture_and_Storage-1?f_ri=17331"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_44064506" data-work_id="44064506" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/44064506/Oil_Coalitions_and_Regime_Durability_the_Origins_and_Persistence_of_Popular_Rentierism_in_Kuwait">Oil, Coalitions, and Regime Durability: the Origins and Persistence of Popular Rentierism in Kuwait</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">While the canonical literature on oil wealth suggests that hydrocarbon windfalls encourage repressive despotism, Kuwait provides a case of an oil-rich autocracy governing instead through popular rentierism-that is, through a broad... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_44064506" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">While the canonical literature on oil wealth suggests that hydrocarbon windfalls encourage repressive despotism, Kuwait provides a case of an oil-rich autocracy governing instead through popular rentierism-that is, through a broad coalition of social forces, one that furnishes enduring loyalty from below while constraining abuses of state power from above. This paper provides a theoretically guided explanation for this exceptional outcome. I argue that the Kuwaiti regime's coalitional bargains originated in the pre-oil era, when domestic opposition and geopolitical constrictions compelled it to forge new social alliances at the dawn of modern statehood. This inclusionary strategy mediated the subsequent effect of oil rents, which the regime used to institutionalize its mass base with costly material and symbolic side payments. Such popular incorporation bound large constituent classes to the regime's survival, precluding the need for widespread repression. After 50 years, these coalitional bargains have also proven remarkably resilient, as social actors have continued to endorse the autocratic leadership despite economic crisis and wartime defeat.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/44064506" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1f4b15f9ae1f57eb74fc543f5c9f2cee" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":64407817,"asset_id":44064506,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64407817/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMDcyNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="169619981" href="https://temple.academia.edu/SeanYom">Sean Yom</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="169619981" type="text/json">{"id":169619981,"first_name":"Sean","last_name":"Yom","domain_name":"temple","page_name":"SeanYom","display_name":"Sean Yom","profile_url":"https://temple.academia.edu/SeanYom?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/169619981/47346519/36299399/s65_sean.yom.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_44064506 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="44064506"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 44064506, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_44064506", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=44064506]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_44064506").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_44064506").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="44064506"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">15</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2015" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_East_Studies">Middle East Studies</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2015" type="text/json">{"id":2015,"name":"Middle East Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_East_Studies?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5091" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Democratization">Democratization</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5091" type="text/json">{"id":5091,"name":"Democratization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Democratization?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6989" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Regimes">Political Regimes</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6989" type="text/json">{"id":6989,"name":"Political Regimes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Regimes?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14861" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabian_Gulf">Arabian Gulf</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="14861" type="text/json">{"id":14861,"name":"Arabian Gulf","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabian_Gulf?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=44064506]'), work: {"id":44064506,"title":"Oil, Coalitions, and Regime Durability: the Origins and Persistence of Popular Rentierism in Kuwait","created_at":"2020-09-11T01:11:11.618-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/44064506/Oil_Coalitions_and_Regime_Durability_the_Origins_and_Persistence_of_Popular_Rentierism_in_Kuwait?f_ri=17331","dom_id":"work_44064506","summary":"While the canonical literature on oil wealth suggests that hydrocarbon windfalls encourage repressive despotism, Kuwait provides a case of an oil-rich autocracy governing instead through popular rentierism-that is, through a broad coalition of social forces, one that furnishes enduring loyalty from below while constraining abuses of state power from above. This paper provides a theoretically guided explanation for this exceptional outcome. I argue that the Kuwaiti regime's coalitional bargains originated in the pre-oil era, when domestic opposition and geopolitical constrictions compelled it to forge new social alliances at the dawn of modern statehood. This inclusionary strategy mediated the subsequent effect of oil rents, which the regime used to institutionalize its mass base with costly material and symbolic side payments. Such popular incorporation bound large constituent classes to the regime's survival, precluding the need for widespread repression. After 50 years, these coalitional bargains have also proven remarkably resilient, as social actors have continued to endorse the autocratic leadership despite economic crisis and wartime defeat.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":64407817,"asset_id":44064506,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":169619981,"first_name":"Sean","last_name":"Yom","domain_name":"temple","page_name":"SeanYom","display_name":"Sean Yom","profile_url":"https://temple.academia.edu/SeanYom?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/169619981/47346519/36299399/s65_sean.yom.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":2015,"name":"Middle East Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_East_Studies?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":5091,"name":"Democratization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Democratization?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":6989,"name":"Political Regimes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Regimes?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":14861,"name":"Arabian Gulf","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabian_Gulf?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331"},{"id":18623,"name":"Middle East Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_East_Politics?f_ri=17331"},{"id":18639,"name":"Dictatorships","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dictatorships?f_ri=17331"},{"id":34425,"name":"Monarchy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Monarchy?f_ri=17331"},{"id":34598,"name":"Authoritarianism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Authoritarianism?f_ri=17331"},{"id":36135,"name":"Authoritarian regimes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Authoritarian_regimes?f_ri=17331"},{"id":38175,"name":"Comparative Historical Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Comparative_Historical_Analysis?f_ri=17331"},{"id":43520,"name":"Middle East","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Middle_East?f_ri=17331"},{"id":52209,"name":"Kuwait","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kuwait?f_ri=17331"},{"id":83981,"name":"Arabian/Persian Gulf Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Arabian_Persian_Gulf_Studies?f_ri=17331"},{"id":164626,"name":"Rentier State and Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Rentier_State_and_Politics?f_ri=17331"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_18380851" data-work_id="18380851" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/18380851/Probabilistic_Neural_Networks_in_Bankruptcy_Prediction">Probabilistic Neural Networks in Bankruptcy Prediction</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">ogy has also demonstrated useful advantages in other financial applications, including futures trading volumes prediction in bankruptcy prediction, are limited to back-propagation neural networks. Their well-known disadvantages, however,... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_18380851" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">ogy has also demonstrated useful advantages in other financial applications, including futures trading volumes prediction in bankruptcy prediction, are limited to back-propagation neural networks. Their well-known disadvantages, however, limit the practical usefulness , stocks selection (Kryzanowski, Galler, and Wright, 1993), forecasting exchange rates (Kuan of neural discriminant models. Instead, a probabilistic neural network with fewer of these difficulties is proposed. Using data from the U.S. and Liu, 1995), and real estate valuation (Worzala, Lenk, and Silva, 1995).</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/18380851" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e1ce99cbfa28e99bea9700a3a86532d2" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":40024451,"asset_id":18380851,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/40024451/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMDcyNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="38379143" href="https://independent.academia.edu/HarlanPlatt">Harlan Platt</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="38379143" type="text/json">{"id":38379143,"first_name":"Harlan","last_name":"Platt","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"HarlanPlatt","display_name":"Harlan Platt","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/HarlanPlatt?f_ri=17331","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_18380851 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="18380851"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 18380851, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_18380851", }); 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Their well-known disadvantages, however, limit the practical usefulness , stocks selection (Kryzanowski, Galler, and Wright, 1993), forecasting exchange rates (Kuan of neural discriminant models. Instead, a probabilistic neural network with fewer of these difficulties is proposed. Using data from the U.S. and Liu, 1995), and real estate valuation (Worzala, Lenk, and Silva, 1995).","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":40024451,"asset_id":18380851,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":38379143,"first_name":"Harlan","last_name":"Platt","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"HarlanPlatt","display_name":"Harlan Platt","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/HarlanPlatt?f_ri=17331","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":26,"name":"Business","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":26066,"name":"Neural Network","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Neural_Network?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":63360,"name":"Discriminant Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Discriminant_Analysis?f_ri=17331"},{"id":450311,"name":"Probabilistic Neural Network","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Probabilistic_Neural_Network?f_ri=17331"},{"id":457266,"name":"Back Propagation Neural Network","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Back_Propagation_Neural_Network?f_ri=17331"},{"id":971219,"name":"Bankruptcy Prediction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Bankruptcy_Prediction?f_ri=17331"},{"id":1399036,"name":"Oil and Gas Industry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_Gas_Industry-1?f_ri=17331"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_28172239" data-work_id="28172239" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/28172239/The_Law_and_Geopolitics_of_Maritime_Delimitation_in_the_Eastern_Mediterranean">The Law and Geopolitics of Maritime Delimitation in the Eastern Mediterranean</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This paper will discuss the political and legal aspects of the maritime disputes in the Eastern Mediterranean and the factors relevant to their conciliation. The first part of the paper introduces the Mediterranean Sea and the relevance... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_28172239" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This paper will discuss the political and legal aspects of the maritime disputes in the Eastern Mediterranean and the factors relevant to their conciliation. The first part of the paper introduces the Mediterranean Sea and the relevance of the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) regime in its basins. Subsequently, the author summarizes relevant historical cleavages in the Levant Basin, with a focus on relevant modern Lebanese-Israeli, Lebanese-Syrian and inter-Cypriot events. Part III will discuss the increasing interest in EEZ delimitation over the past decade due to hydrocarbon prospects in the Eastern Mediterranean and the geopolitical and maritime challenges that have since taken shape. Finally, based on the Law of the Sea and previous examples from around the world, the author discusses relevant legal avenues for achieving balanced solutions to maritime tensions in the region and presents the most relevant criteria in delimiting maritime boundaries.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/28172239" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1dae0d25e78b9a4647a9ef4ce54736bf" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":48485942,"asset_id":28172239,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/48485942/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMDcyNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="979310" href="https://yale.academia.edu/DannyKaysi">Danial A Kaysi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="979310" type="text/json">{"id":979310,"first_name":"Danial","last_name":"Kaysi","domain_name":"yale","page_name":"DannyKaysi","display_name":"Danial A Kaysi","profile_url":"https://yale.academia.edu/DannyKaysi?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/979310/3845794/18322611/s65_danial.kaysi.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_28172239 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="28172239"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 28172239, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_28172239", }); 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Spaces","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/The_Geopolitics_of_Maritime_Spaces?f_ri=17331"},{"id":716181,"name":"Boundary delimitation and demarcation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Boundary_delimitation_and_demarcation?f_ri=17331"},{"id":793388,"name":"International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Tribunal_for_the_Law_of_the_Sea?f_ri=17331"},{"id":1171256,"name":"Maritime boundary line demarcation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Maritime_boundary_line_demarcation?f_ri=17331"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_43271564" data-work_id="43271564" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43271564/NFPA_1402_y_1403_Escuelas_de_entrenamiento_en_manejo_de_emergencias_y_protecci%C3%B3n_contra_incendios">NFPA 1402 y 1403: Escuelas de entrenamiento en manejo de emergencias y protección contra incendios.</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">El presente artículo busca mostrar a grandes rasgos los principales requerimientos técnicos para escuelas y centros de entrenamiento a tenerse en cuenta en la construcción y administración de los mismos. Teniendo en cuenta los siguientes... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_43271564" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">El presente artículo busca mostrar a grandes rasgos los principales requerimientos técnicos para escuelas y centros de entrenamiento a tenerse en cuenta en la construcción y administración de los mismos. Teniendo en cuenta los siguientes referentes internacionales:<br /><br />• NFPA 1402 “Guía para la construcción y puesta en Servicio de Escuelas Contra Incendio”.<br /><br />• NFPA 1403 “Estándar para Entrenamiento con actividades prácticas de llama viva”.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/43271564" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2ad423a20a71969785c324580306117c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":63545069,"asset_id":43271564,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63545069/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMDcyNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="103109370" href="https://umcp.academia.edu/OSCARMAURICIOBARAJASPINZON">OSCAR MAURICIO BARAJAS PINZON</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="103109370" type="text/json">{"id":103109370,"first_name":"OSCAR MAURICIO","last_name":"BARAJAS PINZON","domain_name":"umcp","page_name":"OSCARMAURICIOBARAJASPINZON","display_name":"OSCAR MAURICIO BARAJAS PINZON","profile_url":"https://umcp.academia.edu/OSCARMAURICIOBARAJASPINZON?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/103109370/24091199/33321473/s65_oscar_mauricio.barajas_pinzon.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_43271564 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="43271564"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 43271564, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_43271564", }); 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Teniendo en cuenta los siguientes referentes internacionales:\n\n•\tNFPA 1402 “Guía para la construcción y puesta en Servicio de Escuelas Contra Incendio”.\n\n•\tNFPA 1403 “Estándar para Entrenamiento con actividades prácticas de llama viva”.\n\n\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":63545069,"asset_id":43271564,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":103109370,"first_name":"OSCAR MAURICIO","last_name":"BARAJAS PINZON","domain_name":"umcp","page_name":"OSCARMAURICIOBARAJASPINZON","display_name":"OSCAR MAURICIO BARAJAS PINZON","profile_url":"https://umcp.academia.edu/OSCARMAURICIOBARAJASPINZON?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/103109370/24091199/33321473/s65_oscar_mauricio.barajas_pinzon.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":19566,"name":"Emergency Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Emergency_Management?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":97096,"name":"Fire Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fire_Engineering?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":273944,"name":"Occupational Safety and Health Management System","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Occupational_Safety_and_Health_Management_System?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":1163674,"name":"Process Safety Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Process_Safety_Management?f_ri=17331"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_41712447" data-work_id="41712447" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/41712447/Russian_Ukrainian_gas_transit_deal_a_sign_of_Putins_gas_strategy_crash_or_temporary_retreat_Part_One">Russian-Ukrainian gas transit deal: a sign of Putin's gas strategy crash or temporary retreat? (Part One</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">At the beginning of 2019, Russia was quite confident it would be able to either redirect its gas transit to the EU away from Ukraine before the expiration of the transit contract or renew the deal on Moscow’s own terms. But despite... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_41712447" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">At the beginning of 2019, Russia was quite confident it would be able to either redirect its gas transit to the EU away from Ukraine before the expiration of the transit contract or renew the deal on Moscow’s own terms. But despite Gazprom’s (i.e., the Kremlin’s) transit diversification strategy, the new five-year deal shows that the Ukrainian transit corridor still remains of paramount importance for Russia</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/41712447" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="6df102317226a2b5310574218ca46c3d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":63424585,"asset_id":41712447,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/63424585/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMDcyNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="6781337" href="https://jamestown.academia.edu/AllaHurska">Alla Hurska</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="6781337" type="text/json">{"id":6781337,"first_name":"Alla","last_name":"Hurska","domain_name":"jamestown","page_name":"AllaHurska","display_name":"Alla Hurska","profile_url":"https://jamestown.academia.edu/AllaHurska?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6781337/2734838/40571845/s65_alla.hurska.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_41712447 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="41712447"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 41712447, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_41712447", }); 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But despite Gazprom’s (i.e., the Kremlin’s) transit diversification strategy, the new five-year deal shows that the Ukrainian transit corridor still remains of paramount importance for Russia","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":63424585,"asset_id":41712447,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":6781337,"first_name":"Alla","last_name":"Hurska","domain_name":"jamestown","page_name":"AllaHurska","display_name":"Alla Hurska","profile_url":"https://jamestown.academia.edu/AllaHurska?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6781337/2734838/40571845/s65_alla.hurska.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":389,"name":"Russian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Russian_Studies?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":5821,"name":"Ukrainian Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ukrainian_Studies?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":5895,"name":"Russian 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discourse","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Russian-Ukrainian_conflict_hybrid_informational_war_Ukrainian_media_discourse?f_ri=17331"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_40398296" data-work_id="40398296" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/40398296/Training_Coating_Inspection">Training Coating Inspection</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">This course gives the participants a good theoretical understanding of corrosion, as well as the practical tools needed for carrying out inspections of steel structures in the 'battle against corrosion'.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/40398296" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c78443df64f470be61db4d4216c31cb0" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":60650350,"asset_id":40398296,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/60650350/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMDcyNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="124209088" href="https://mercubuana-yogya.academia.edu/FARDAUHTA">BORNEO B I N A MITRA</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="124209088" type="text/json">{"id":124209088,"first_name":"BORNEO","last_name":"MITRA","domain_name":"mercubuana-yogya","page_name":"FARDAUHTA","display_name":"BORNEO B I N A MITRA","profile_url":"https://mercubuana-yogya.academia.edu/FARDAUHTA?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/124209088/31808921/29036904/s65_borneo.mitra.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_40398296 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="40398296"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 40398296, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_40398296", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_40398296 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40398296; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_40398296"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_40398296 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="40398296"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40398296; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=40398296]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_40398296").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_40398296").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="40398296"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17331" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas">Oil and gas</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="17331" type="text/json">{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=40398296]'), work: {"id":40398296,"title":"Training Coating Inspection","created_at":"2019-09-19T21:19:29.206-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/40398296/Training_Coating_Inspection?f_ri=17331","dom_id":"work_40398296","summary":"This course gives the participants a good theoretical understanding of corrosion, as well as the practical tools needed for carrying out inspections of steel structures in the 'battle against corrosion'.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":60650350,"asset_id":40398296,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":124209088,"first_name":"BORNEO","last_name":"MITRA","domain_name":"mercubuana-yogya","page_name":"FARDAUHTA","display_name":"BORNEO B I N A MITRA","profile_url":"https://mercubuana-yogya.academia.edu/FARDAUHTA?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/124209088/31808921/29036904/s65_borneo.mitra.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_12792327" data-work_id="12792327" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12792327/Geopolitica_dellenergia_gli_interessi_cinesi_sul_petrolio_iracheno">Geopolitica dell'energia: gli interessi cinesi sul petrolio iracheno</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Questo studio si propone di analizzare alcune recenti dinamiche della geopolitica dell'energia, focalizzando la trattazione degli argomenti sul contesto e sulle fattispecie che compongono il quadro di costituzione del partenariato... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_12792327" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Questo studio si propone di analizzare alcune recenti dinamiche della<br />geopolitica dell'energia, focalizzando la trattazione degli argomenti sul<br />contesto e sulle fattispecie che compongono il quadro di costituzione del<br />partenariato energetico sino-iracheno, venuto in essere in un particolare<br />momento storico per la regione mediorientale, il ritorno in patria delle<br />truppe statunitensi alla fine della seconda Guerra del Golfo (2011).</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12792327" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="85a60fb181306e9b3f0935b11ca3a18d" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":37824336,"asset_id":12792327,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37824336/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMDcyNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="18490696" href="https://uniroma1.academia.edu/FrancescaReho">Francesca Reho</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="18490696" type="text/json">{"id":18490696,"first_name":"Francesca","last_name":"Reho","domain_name":"uniroma1","page_name":"FrancescaReho","display_name":"Francesca Reho","profile_url":"https://uniroma1.academia.edu/FrancescaReho?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/18490696/5368596/6128867/s65_francesca.reho.jpg_oh_37fc71e957ce7a3e1ec56ba793cd16b6_oe_54b6ac6f___gda___1425101648_17b82be2188d12a93102ba9c88ca51be"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_12792327 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="12792327"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 12792327, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_12792327", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_12792327 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 12792327; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_12792327"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_12792327 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="12792327"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 12792327; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=12792327]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_12792327").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_12792327").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="12792327"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">17</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="797" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Relations">International Relations</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="797" type="text/json">{"id":797,"name":"International Relations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Relations?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6276" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Political_Economy">International Political Economy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6276" type="text/json">{"id":6276,"name":"International Political Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Political_Economy?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13725" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/China_Going_Global">China Going Global</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="13725" type="text/json">{"id":13725,"name":"China Going Global","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/China_Going_Global?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13936" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/China_Overseas_Investments">China Overseas Investments</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="13936" type="text/json">{"id":13936,"name":"China Overseas Investments","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/China_Overseas_Investments?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=12792327]'), work: {"id":12792327,"title":"Geopolitica dell'energia: gli interessi cinesi sul petrolio iracheno","created_at":"2015-06-04T03:48:18.248-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/12792327/Geopolitica_dellenergia_gli_interessi_cinesi_sul_petrolio_iracheno?f_ri=17331","dom_id":"work_12792327","summary":"Questo studio si propone di analizzare alcune recenti dinamiche della\ngeopolitica dell'energia, focalizzando la trattazione degli argomenti sul\ncontesto e sulle fattispecie che compongono il quadro di costituzione del\npartenariato energetico sino-iracheno, venuto in essere in un particolare\nmomento storico per la regione mediorientale, il ritorno in patria delle\ntruppe statunitensi alla fine della seconda Guerra del Golfo (2011).","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37824336,"asset_id":12792327,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":18490696,"first_name":"Francesca","last_name":"Reho","domain_name":"uniroma1","page_name":"FrancescaReho","display_name":"Francesca Reho","profile_url":"https://uniroma1.academia.edu/FrancescaReho?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/18490696/5368596/6128867/s65_francesca.reho.jpg_oh_37fc71e957ce7a3e1ec56ba793cd16b6_oe_54b6ac6f___gda___1425101648_17b82be2188d12a93102ba9c88ca51be"}],"research_interests":[{"id":797,"name":"International Relations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Relations?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":6276,"name":"International Political Economy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Political_Economy?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":13725,"name":"China Going Global","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/China_Going_Global?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":13936,"name":"China Overseas Investments","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/China_Overseas_Investments?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331"},{"id":30457,"name":"George W Bush adminstration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/George_W_Bush_adminstration?f_ri=17331"},{"id":34042,"name":"China and Africa","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/China_and_Africa?f_ri=17331"},{"id":41274,"name":"Iran","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Iran?f_ri=17331"},{"id":74580,"name":"Iraq War","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Iraq_War?f_ri=17331"},{"id":78874,"name":"MENA region","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/MENA_region?f_ri=17331"},{"id":123619,"name":"11 September Attacks","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/11_September_Attacks?f_ri=17331"},{"id":153952,"name":"ENERGIA","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/ENERGIA?f_ri=17331"},{"id":170384,"name":"Gulf War","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gulf_War?f_ri=17331"},{"id":373953,"name":"Stati Uniti","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stati_Uniti?f_ri=17331"},{"id":1012266,"name":"Petrolio","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Petrolio?f_ri=17331"},{"id":1113481,"name":"Cina Capitalism","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Cina_Capitalism?f_ri=17331"},{"id":1266785,"name":"PNAC","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/PNAC?f_ri=17331"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_10747173" data-work_id="10747173" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/10747173/Preparing_for_the_end_of_the_Petrodollar_a_case_for_Russia_settling_energy_prices_in_RUB">Preparing for the end of the Petrodollar: a case for Russia settling energy prices in RUB</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In this paper we discuss why and how Russia needs to shield herself from the negative consequences of the US dollar’s worldwide financial domination. The apparent political will of the Russian regime to transform the ruble into a reserve... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_10747173" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In this paper we discuss why and how Russia needs to shield herself from the negative consequences of the US dollar’s worldwide financial domination. The apparent political will of the Russian regime to transform the ruble into a reserve currency has to cope with the objective reality of a ruble perceived as a nonreliable store of value. The proposition of starting to settle energy exports in rubles is explored. The paper is organized around a series of chapters dealing with political, economic and financial matters pertinent to the actual Russian predicament, including an analysis of the ruble’s weaknesses and strengths. In the conclusion the author argues that the ruble in its present form is way too weak to become a hard currency and therefore a reserve currency. The case for linking the ruble to gold is proposed in parallel with a cautious increment of the ruble’s use in Russia’s energy contracts, bearing in mind that the Russian economic reality is partially that of a petrostate.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/10747173" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="b539b307a17b42a8914a08760b850bed" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":36616526,"asset_id":10747173,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36616526/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMDcyNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="10586683" href="https://eu-spb.academia.edu/FabioHerrero">Fabio Herrero</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="10586683" type="text/json">{"id":10586683,"first_name":"Fabio","last_name":"Herrero","domain_name":"eu-spb","page_name":"FabioHerrero","display_name":"Fabio Herrero","profile_url":"https://eu-spb.academia.edu/FabioHerrero?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10586683/3197376/3763337/s65_fabio.herrero.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_10747173 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="10747173"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 10747173, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_10747173", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_10747173 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 10747173; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_10747173"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_10747173 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="10747173"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 10747173; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=10747173]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_10747173").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_10747173").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="10747173"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17331" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas">Oil and gas</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17331" type="text/json">{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="41863" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Russia">Russia</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="41863" type="text/json">{"id":41863,"name":"Russia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Russia?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="64831" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Petrodollar_Recycling">Petrodollar Recycling</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="64831" type="text/json">{"id":64831,"name":"Petrodollar Recycling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Petrodollar_Recycling?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="313664" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reserve_Currency">Reserve Currency</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="313664" type="text/json">{"id":313664,"name":"Reserve Currency","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reserve_Currency?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=10747173]'), work: {"id":10747173,"title":"Preparing for the end of the Petrodollar: a case for Russia settling energy prices in RUB","created_at":"2015-02-12T14:16:19.639-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/10747173/Preparing_for_the_end_of_the_Petrodollar_a_case_for_Russia_settling_energy_prices_in_RUB?f_ri=17331","dom_id":"work_10747173","summary":"In this paper we discuss why and how Russia needs to shield herself from the negative consequences of the US dollar’s worldwide financial domination. The apparent political will of the Russian regime to transform the ruble into a reserve currency has to cope with the objective reality of a ruble perceived as a nonreliable store of value. The proposition of starting to settle energy exports in rubles is explored. The paper is organized around a series of chapters dealing with political, economic and financial matters pertinent to the actual Russian predicament, including an analysis of the ruble’s weaknesses and strengths. In the conclusion the author argues that the ruble in its present form is way too weak to become a hard currency and therefore a reserve currency. The case for linking the ruble to gold is proposed in parallel with a cautious increment of the ruble’s use in Russia’s energy contracts, bearing in mind that the Russian economic reality is partially that of a petrostate.\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":36616526,"asset_id":10747173,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":10586683,"first_name":"Fabio","last_name":"Herrero","domain_name":"eu-spb","page_name":"FabioHerrero","display_name":"Fabio Herrero","profile_url":"https://eu-spb.academia.edu/FabioHerrero?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/10586683/3197376/3763337/s65_fabio.herrero.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":41863,"name":"Russia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Russia?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":64831,"name":"Petrodollar Recycling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Petrodollar_Recycling?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":313664,"name":"Reserve Currency","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Reserve_Currency?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":1447480,"name":"Ruble","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ruble?f_ri=17331"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_72584033" data-work_id="72584033" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/72584033/%CE%9F%CE%99_%CE%A0%CE%A1%CE%9F%CE%A3_%CE%99%CE%9F%CE%A1%CE%99%CE%A3%CE%A4%CE%99%CE%9A%CE%9F%CE%99_%CE%A0%CE%91%CE%A1%CE%91%CE%93%CE%9F%CE%9D%CE%A4%CE%95%CE%A3_%CE%99%CE%91%CE%9C%CE%9F%CE%A1%CE%A6%CE%A9%CE%A3%CE%97%CE%A3_%CE%A4%CE%A9%CE%9D_%CE%A4%CE%99%CE%9C%CE%A9%CE%9D_%CE%A4%CE%A9%CE%9D_%CE%A0%CE%95%CE%A4%CE%A1%CE%95%CE%9B%CE%91%CE%99%CE%9F%CE%95%CE%99_%CE%A9%CE%9D">ΟΙ ΠΡΟΣ∆ΙΟΡΙΣΤΙΚΟΙ ΠΑΡΑΓΟΝΤΕΣ ∆ΙΑΜΟΡΦΩΣΗΣ ΤΩΝ ΤΙΜΩΝ ΤΩΝ ΠΕΤΡΕΛΑΙΟΕΙ∆ΩΝ</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Η µελέτη εκπονήθηκε από τον ∆ρ. Αλκιβιάδη Κορρέ µε τη συνεργασία των Γιώργου Μανιάτη, Svetoslav Danchev και Νίκου Παρατσιώκα. Την επιστηµονική επίβλεψη είχε ο Επιστηµονικός ∆ιευθυντής του ΙΟΒΕ, Καθηγητής Ιωάννης Στουρνάρας.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/72584033" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="fcf4148760bf21fc8f95475ce8374dde" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":81455949,"asset_id":72584033,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/81455949/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMDcyNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="2856171" href="https://city.academia.edu/AlkisJohnCorres">Alkis John Corres</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="2856171" type="text/json">{"id":2856171,"first_name":"Alkis John","last_name":"Corres","domain_name":"city","page_name":"AlkisJohnCorres","display_name":"Alkis John Corres","profile_url":"https://city.academia.edu/AlkisJohnCorres?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2856171/939988/9707126/s65_alkis_john.corres.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_72584033 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="72584033"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 72584033, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_72584033", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_72584033 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 72584033; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_72584033"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_72584033 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="72584033"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 72584033; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=72584033]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_72584033").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_72584033").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="72584033"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="26" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business">Business</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="26" type="text/json">{"id":26,"name":"Business","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="724" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economics">Economics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="724" type="text/json">{"id":724,"name":"Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economics?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17331" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas">Oil and gas</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="17331" type="text/json">{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=72584033]'), work: {"id":72584033,"title":"ΟΙ ΠΡΟΣ∆ΙΟΡΙΣΤΙΚΟΙ ΠΑΡΑΓΟΝΤΕΣ ∆ΙΑΜΟΡΦΩΣΗΣ ΤΩΝ ΤΙΜΩΝ ΤΩΝ ΠΕΤΡΕΛΑΙΟΕΙ∆ΩΝ","created_at":"2022-02-28T03:24:21.342-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/72584033/%CE%9F%CE%99_%CE%A0%CE%A1%CE%9F%CE%A3_%CE%99%CE%9F%CE%A1%CE%99%CE%A3%CE%A4%CE%99%CE%9A%CE%9F%CE%99_%CE%A0%CE%91%CE%A1%CE%91%CE%93%CE%9F%CE%9D%CE%A4%CE%95%CE%A3_%CE%99%CE%91%CE%9C%CE%9F%CE%A1%CE%A6%CE%A9%CE%A3%CE%97%CE%A3_%CE%A4%CE%A9%CE%9D_%CE%A4%CE%99%CE%9C%CE%A9%CE%9D_%CE%A4%CE%A9%CE%9D_%CE%A0%CE%95%CE%A4%CE%A1%CE%95%CE%9B%CE%91%CE%99%CE%9F%CE%95%CE%99_%CE%A9%CE%9D?f_ri=17331","dom_id":"work_72584033","summary":"Η µελέτη εκπονήθηκε από τον ∆ρ. Αλκιβιάδη Κορρέ µε τη συνεργασία των Γιώργου Μανιάτη, Svetoslav Danchev και Νίκου Παρατσιώκα. Την επιστηµονική επίβλεψη είχε ο Επιστηµονικός ∆ιευθυντής του ΙΟΒΕ, Καθηγητής Ιωάννης Στουρνάρας.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":81455949,"asset_id":72584033,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":2856171,"first_name":"Alkis John","last_name":"Corres","domain_name":"city","page_name":"AlkisJohnCorres","display_name":"Alkis John Corres","profile_url":"https://city.academia.edu/AlkisJohnCorres?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/2856171/939988/9707126/s65_alkis_john.corres.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":26,"name":"Business","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":724,"name":"Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economics?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_40008607" data-work_id="40008607" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/40008607/Petroleum_Refinery_Process_Design_and_Naphtha_Methaforming_Simulation_Using_Aspen_HYSYS">Petroleum Refinery Process Design & Naphtha Methaforming -Simulation Using Aspen HYSYS</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Petroleum industry has a major share in the world energy and industrial markets. In the recent years, petroleum industry has grown increasingly complex as a result of tighter competition, stricter environmental regulations and... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_40008607" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Petroleum industry has a major share in the world energy and industrial markets. In the recent<br />years, petroleum industry has grown increasingly complex as a result of tighter competition,<br />stricter environmental regulations and lower-margin profits. It is facing a challenging task to<br />remain competitive in a globalized market, the fluctuating demand for petroleum products and the<br />current situation of fluctuating high petroleum crude oil prices is a demonstration that markets<br />and industries throughout the world are impacted by the uncertainty and volatility of the<br />petroleum industry.<br />These factors and others forced petroleum companies for a greater need in the strategic planning<br />optimization and sensitivity analysis in order to make decisions that satisfy conflicting multiobjective goals of maximizing expected profit while simultaneously minimizing risk. These<br />decisions have to take into account uncertainties and constraints in factors such as the source and<br />availability of raw material, production and distribution costs and expected market demand.<br />This book discusses the full aspects concerning the Petroleum Refinery starting from its history<br />reaching a plant design for the products refinery processes and naphtha processing with the help<br />of an industrial simulation programs such as Aspen HYSYS. It covers refinery classification, crude<br />oil structure and economics, in addition to the refinery processing line from the beginning of the<br />handling of the feed introduced to plant units passing through the desalting, preheating, flashing<br />units till reaching the separation processes in distillation towers producing the refinery products,<br />vacuum tower distillation and the naphtha processing using the modern technique Methaforming<br />that are all discussed theoretically and simulated for a real-life Petroleum Plant Production Units<br />using the industrial simulating programs.<br />This finally demonstrate the full image of the petroleum refinery processes importance to the local<br />and international world of petroleum and petrochemical industries and human’s life.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/40008607" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1edcbaa9ee7301985678f1dcddc8ef5a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":60201602,"asset_id":40008607,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/60201602/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMDcyNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="47652495" href="https://alex.academia.edu/AbdulhadiALyassen">Abdulhadi Al Yassen</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="47652495" type="text/json">{"id":47652495,"first_name":"Abdulhadi","last_name":"Al Yassen","domain_name":"alex","page_name":"AbdulhadiALyassen","display_name":"Abdulhadi Al Yassen","profile_url":"https://alex.academia.edu/AbdulhadiALyassen?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/47652495/17191100/34717080/s65_abdulhadi.al_yassen.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_40008607 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="40008607"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 40008607, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_40008607", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_40008607 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40008607; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_40008607"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_40008607 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="40008607"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40008607; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=40008607]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_40008607").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_40008607").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="40008607"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="72" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering">Chemical Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="72" type="text/json">{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3682" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy_Engineering">Energy Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3682" type="text/json">{"id":3682,"name":"Energy Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy_Engineering?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5412" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy">Energy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5412" type="text/json">{"id":5412,"name":"Energy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17331" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas">Oil and gas</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="17331" type="text/json">{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=40008607]'), work: {"id":40008607,"title":"Petroleum Refinery Process Design \u0026 Naphtha Methaforming -Simulation Using Aspen HYSYS","created_at":"2019-08-04T10:08:02.291-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/40008607/Petroleum_Refinery_Process_Design_and_Naphtha_Methaforming_Simulation_Using_Aspen_HYSYS?f_ri=17331","dom_id":"work_40008607","summary":"Petroleum industry has a major share in the world energy and industrial markets. In the recent\nyears, petroleum industry has grown increasingly complex as a result of tighter competition,\nstricter environmental regulations and lower-margin profits. It is facing a challenging task to\nremain competitive in a globalized market, the fluctuating demand for petroleum products and the\ncurrent situation of fluctuating high petroleum crude oil prices is a demonstration that markets\nand industries throughout the world are impacted by the uncertainty and volatility of the\npetroleum industry.\nThese factors and others forced petroleum companies for a greater need in the strategic planning\noptimization and sensitivity analysis in order to make decisions that satisfy conflicting multiobjective goals of maximizing expected profit while simultaneously minimizing risk. These\ndecisions have to take into account uncertainties and constraints in factors such as the source and\navailability of raw material, production and distribution costs and expected market demand.\nThis book discusses the full aspects concerning the Petroleum Refinery starting from its history\nreaching a plant design for the products refinery processes and naphtha processing with the help\nof an industrial simulation programs such as Aspen HYSYS. It covers refinery classification, crude\noil structure and economics, in addition to the refinery processing line from the beginning of the\nhandling of the feed introduced to plant units passing through the desalting, preheating, flashing\nunits till reaching the separation processes in distillation towers producing the refinery products,\nvacuum tower distillation and the naphtha processing using the modern technique Methaforming\nthat are all discussed theoretically and simulated for a real-life Petroleum Plant Production Units\nusing the industrial simulating programs.\nThis finally demonstrate the full image of the petroleum refinery processes importance to the local\nand international world of petroleum and petrochemical industries and human’s life.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":60201602,"asset_id":40008607,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":47652495,"first_name":"Abdulhadi","last_name":"Al Yassen","domain_name":"alex","page_name":"AbdulhadiALyassen","display_name":"Abdulhadi Al Yassen","profile_url":"https://alex.academia.edu/AbdulhadiALyassen?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/47652495/17191100/34717080/s65_abdulhadi.al_yassen.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":72,"name":"Chemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chemical_Engineering?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":3682,"name":"Energy Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy_Engineering?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":5412,"name":"Energy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":25122,"name":"Energy efficiency","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy_efficiency?f_ri=17331"},{"id":40713,"name":"Petrochemical Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Petrochemical_Engineering?f_ri=17331"},{"id":1664516,"name":"Petroleum Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Petroleum_Engineering?f_ri=17331"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34518999" data-work_id="34518999" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34518999/OIL_SUPPLY_CHAIN_FINAL">OIL SUPPLY CHAIN FINAL</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34518999" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1dfc03655390350ab4097a699a3041c9" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54384182,"asset_id":34518999,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54384182/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMDcyNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="29020958" href="https://independent.academia.edu/EvaKosti%C4%87">Eva Kostić</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="29020958" type="text/json">{"id":29020958,"first_name":"Eva","last_name":"Kostić","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"EvaKostić","display_name":"Eva Kostić","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/EvaKosti%C4%87?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/29020958/9471610/18900847/s65_eva.kosti_.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34518999 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34518999"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34518999, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34518999", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34518999]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_34518999").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_34518999").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="34518999"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17331" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas">Oil and gas</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17331" type="text/json">{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="18845" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sustainability">Environmental Sustainability</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="18845" type="text/json">{"id":18845,"name":"Environmental Sustainability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sustainability?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="24699" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Supply_Chain">Supply Chain</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="24699" type="text/json">{"id":24699,"name":"Supply Chain","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Supply_Chain?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=34518999]'), work: {"id":34518999,"title":"OIL SUPPLY CHAIN FINAL","created_at":"2017-09-09T00:46:26.777-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/34518999/OIL_SUPPLY_CHAIN_FINAL?f_ri=17331","dom_id":"work_34518999","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54384182,"asset_id":34518999,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":29020958,"first_name":"Eva","last_name":"Kostić","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"EvaKostić","display_name":"Eva Kostić","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/EvaKosti%C4%87?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/29020958/9471610/18900847/s65_eva.kosti_.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":18845,"name":"Environmental Sustainability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sustainability?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":24699,"name":"Supply Chain","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Supply_Chain?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_3032454" data-work_id="3032454" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3032454/Azerbaijans_Place_in_Euro_Caspian_Energy_Security">Azerbaijan's Place in Euro-Caspian Energy Security</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The evolution of Caspian Sea basin energy transmission networks is entering a crucial phase. Azerbaijan is the crucible where questions concerning the future structure of geo-economic relations in Eurasia (and also therefore crucial... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_3032454" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The evolution of Caspian Sea basin energy transmission networks is entering a crucial phase. Azerbaijan is the crucible where questions concerning the future structure of geo-economic relations in Eurasia (and also therefore crucial aspects of the general geopolitical structure of world politics) are today being resolved. Azerbaijan’s significance arises both from the volume of its natural energy resources and from its irreplaceable role as a bridge from Central Asia and the Caspian Sea basin to the Black Sea basin and Europe. Most recently, this significance has only been underlined by the implementation of a multi-vectored energy export strategy. Long-term and short-term historical perspectives put into relief the significance of the expanding geo-economic energy relations between Greater Central Asia and Greater Southwest Asia.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/3032454" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="034d6aa29dbb59626b120996759837a5" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":31094916,"asset_id":3032454,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/31094916/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMDcyNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="26047" href="https://uwaterloo.academia.edu/RobertMCutler">Robert M Cutler</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="26047" type="text/json">{"id":26047,"first_name":"Robert M","last_name":"Cutler","domain_name":"uwaterloo","page_name":"RobertMCutler","display_name":"Robert M Cutler","profile_url":"https://uwaterloo.academia.edu/RobertMCutler?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/26047/81015/1465805/s65_robert_m.cutler.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_3032454 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="3032454"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 3032454, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_3032454", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_3032454 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3032454; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_3032454"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_3032454 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="3032454"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3032454; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3032454]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_3032454").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_3032454").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="3032454"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">33</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="268" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Geography_and_Geopolitics">Political Geography and Geopolitics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="268" type="text/json">{"id":268,"name":"Political Geography and Geopolitics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Geography_and_Geopolitics?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="728" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic_Geography">Economic Geography</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="728" type="text/json">{"id":728,"name":"Economic Geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic_Geography?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="797" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Relations">International Relations</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="797" type="text/json">{"id":797,"name":"International Relations","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Relations?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1911" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Studies">International Studies</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="1911" type="text/json">{"id":1911,"name":"International Studies","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Studies?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=3032454]'), work: {"id":3032454,"title":"Azerbaijan's Place in Euro-Caspian Energy Security","created_at":"2013-03-16T13:32:13.404-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/3032454/Azerbaijans_Place_in_Euro_Caspian_Energy_Security?f_ri=17331","dom_id":"work_3032454","summary":"The evolution of Caspian Sea basin energy transmission networks is entering a crucial phase. Azerbaijan is the crucible where questions concerning the future structure of geo-economic relations in Eurasia (and also therefore crucial aspects of the general geopolitical structure of world politics) are today being resolved. Azerbaijan’s significance arises both from the volume of its natural energy resources and from its irreplaceable role as a bridge from Central Asia and the Caspian Sea basin to the Black Sea basin and Europe. Most recently, this significance has only been underlined by the implementation of a multi-vectored energy export strategy. Long-term and short-term historical perspectives put into relief the significance of the expanding geo-economic energy relations between Greater Central Asia and Greater Southwest Asia.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":31094916,"asset_id":3032454,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":26047,"first_name":"Robert M","last_name":"Cutler","domain_name":"uwaterloo","page_name":"RobertMCutler","display_name":"Robert M Cutler","profile_url":"https://uwaterloo.academia.edu/RobertMCutler?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/26047/81015/1465805/s65_robert_m.cutler.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":268,"name":"Political Geography and Geopolitics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Political_Geography_and_Geopolitics?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":728,"name":"Economic Geography","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic_Geography?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":797,"name":"International 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Security","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy_Security?f_ri=17331"},{"id":12787,"name":"Chinese foreign policy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Chinese_foreign_policy?f_ri=17331"},{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331"},{"id":17717,"name":"Turkish Foreign Policy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turkish_Foreign_Policy?f_ri=17331"},{"id":22650,"name":"Central Asia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Central_Asia?f_ri=17331"},{"id":28723,"name":"Turkey in World Politics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turkey_in_World_Politics?f_ri=17331"},{"id":33668,"name":"Georgia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Georgia?f_ri=17331"},{"id":33669,"name":"Azerbaijan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Azerbaijan?f_ri=17331"},{"id":33670,"name":"Armenia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Armenia?f_ri=17331"},{"id":49796,"name":"Uzbekistan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Uzbekistan?f_ri=17331"},{"id":58747,"name":"International political economy of oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_political_economy_of_oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331"},{"id":67166,"name":"Oil and Gas Pipeline","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_Gas_Pipeline?f_ri=17331"},{"id":75162,"name":"South Caucasus","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/South_Caucasus?f_ri=17331"},{"id":78773,"name":"Turkmenistan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Turkmenistan?f_ri=17331"},{"id":84598,"name":"Agri","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Agri?f_ri=17331"},{"id":84678,"name":"Oil Natural Gas Energy Geopolitics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_Natural_Gas_Energy_Geopolitics?f_ri=17331"},{"id":85585,"name":"Kazakhstan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Kazakhstan?f_ri=17331"},{"id":229597,"name":"Energy security, pipeline politics and regional security in Caspian Basin","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy_security_pipeline_politics_and_regional_security_in_Caspian_Basin?f_ri=17331"},{"id":256083,"name":"Energy Policy, Energy Security, Central Asia, Russia, Caucasus, Caspian Sea Region","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy_Policy_Energy_Security_Central_Asia_Russia_Caucasus_Caspian_Sea_Region?f_ri=17331"},{"id":968418,"name":"Caspian Energy Resourses","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Caspian_Energy_Resourses?f_ri=17331"},{"id":968419,"name":"Azerbaidhjan","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Azerbaidhjan?f_ri=17331"},{"id":968420,"name":"Nabucco","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nabucco?f_ri=17331"},{"id":968421,"name":"Oil Pipelines","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_Pipelines?f_ri=17331"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_42245839" data-work_id="42245839" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/42245839/Introduction_to_Oil_and_Gas_Operational_Safety">Introduction to Oil and Gas Operational Safety</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/42245839" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="1badb3305e5e059b8b1755591805bac9" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":62396486,"asset_id":42245839,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/62396486/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMDcyNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="149110565" href="https://independent.academia.edu/abderrezakkortbi">abderrezak kortbi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="149110565" type="text/json">{"id":149110565,"first_name":"abderrezak","last_name":"kortbi","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"abderrezakkortbi","display_name":"abderrezak kortbi","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/abderrezakkortbi?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/149110565/41490125/33610125/s65_abderrezak.kortbi.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_42245839 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="42245839"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 42245839, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_42245839", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_42245839 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42245839; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_42245839"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_42245839 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="42245839"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 42245839; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=42245839]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_42245839").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_42245839").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="42245839"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17331" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas">Oil and gas</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="17331" type="text/json">{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=42245839]'), work: {"id":42245839,"title":"Introduction to Oil and Gas Operational Safety","created_at":"2020-03-17T18:27:23.739-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/42245839/Introduction_to_Oil_and_Gas_Operational_Safety?f_ri=17331","dom_id":"work_42245839","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":62396486,"asset_id":42245839,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":149110565,"first_name":"abderrezak","last_name":"kortbi","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"abderrezakkortbi","display_name":"abderrezak kortbi","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/abderrezakkortbi?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/149110565/41490125/33610125/s65_abderrezak.kortbi.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_12265421" data-work_id="12265421" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/12265421/Guia_de_Selecao_de_Bombas_de_Polpa_Warman">Guia de Selecao de Bombas de Polpa - Warman </a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">As bombas de polpa tem vasta aplicação na industria com principal enfoque na Industria Extractiva. Este guia serve para explicar os procedimentos de selecção de bombas de polpa, o guia e baseado no guia de selecção de bombas da Warman... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_12265421" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">As bombas de polpa tem vasta aplicação na industria com principal enfoque na Industria Extractiva.  <br />Este guia serve para explicar os procedimentos de selecção de bombas de polpa, o guia e baseado no guia de selecção de bombas da Warman (propriedade da Weir Minerals).</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/12265421" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="fbd6fb94f700d46eb95a4b8a29aba712" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":37561134,"asset_id":12265421,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/37561134/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMDcyNiw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="12596197" href="https://eduardo-mondlane.academia.edu/MarcoCoscione">Marco Coscione</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="12596197" type="text/json">{"id":12596197,"first_name":"Marco","last_name":"Coscione","domain_name":"eduardo-mondlane","page_name":"MarcoCoscione","display_name":"Marco Coscione","profile_url":"https://eduardo-mondlane.academia.edu/MarcoCoscione?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/12596197/9000447/10042218/s65_marco.coscione.jpg_oh_d3906d7a6560b02f78b3f0f10143062e_oe_55ce7d50___gda___1440527420_dcde4ee304f6562018dba7ccc44ae810"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_12265421 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="12265421"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 12265421, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_12265421", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_12265421 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 12265421; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_12265421"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_12265421 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="12265421"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 12265421; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=12265421]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_12265421").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_12265421").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="12265421"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17331" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas">Oil and gas</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17331" type="text/json">{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="146671" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mineral_Resources">Mineral Resources</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="146671" type="text/json">{"id":146671,"name":"Mineral Resources","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mineral_Resources?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=12265421]'), work: {"id":12265421,"title":"Guia de Selecao de Bombas de Polpa - Warman ","created_at":"2015-05-06T09:59:18.943-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/12265421/Guia_de_Selecao_de_Bombas_de_Polpa_Warman?f_ri=17331","dom_id":"work_12265421","summary":"As bombas de polpa tem vasta aplicação na industria com principal enfoque na Industria Extractiva. \nEste guia serve para explicar os procedimentos de selecção de bombas de polpa, o guia e baseado no guia de selecção de bombas da Warman (propriedade da Weir Minerals). ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":37561134,"asset_id":12265421,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":12596197,"first_name":"Marco","last_name":"Coscione","domain_name":"eduardo-mondlane","page_name":"MarcoCoscione","display_name":"Marco Coscione","profile_url":"https://eduardo-mondlane.academia.edu/MarcoCoscione?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/12596197/9000447/10042218/s65_marco.coscione.jpg_oh_d3906d7a6560b02f78b3f0f10143062e_oe_55ce7d50___gda___1440527420_dcde4ee304f6562018dba7ccc44ae810"}],"research_interests":[{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":146671,"name":"Mineral Resources","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mineral_Resources?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37926649" data-work_id="37926649" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37926649/Regulations_and_Incentives_Effective_Abatement_Measures_For_Gas_Flaring_In_Nigeria">Regulations and Incentives: Effective Abatement Measures For Gas Flaring In Nigeria?</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In true sense, Nigeria has made considerable efforts in reducing her gas-flaring activities. However, it is highly debated if the recorded reductions over the years are solemnly from the enacted regulations, penalties and incentives. In... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_37926649" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In true sense, Nigeria has made considerable efforts in reducing her gas-flaring activities. However, it is highly debated if the recorded reductions over the years are solemnly from the enacted regulations, penalties and incentives. In order to analyse the effectiveness of these instituted policy instruments including the implementation mechanisms driving their successes or failures, this research uses the Contextual Interaction Theory (CIT) as a theoretical framework.<br />The theory is built on the premise that Governance is essentially a myriad of interaction processes where actors in a policy setting are constantly in a game of influencing each other depending on their position in relation to others. Consequently, actors’ characteristics play pivotal roles in determining policy outcomes.<br />Although varieties of adhoc explanations abounds for various policy failures, ranging from inadequate motivation of responsible institutions, insufficient manpower resources, ambiguity of legislative guidelines and so on. However, empirical researches including the CIT have shown that these factors need not exclusively affect policy implementation; rather in consonance with other factors can exert some degree of influences.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37926649" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e49cdf4e026df89e191964092fce2ec1" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57938939,"asset_id":37926649,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57938939/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMDcyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="1567606" href="https://utwente.academia.edu/LyndaOkoyeIke">Lynda Okoye-Ike</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="1567606" type="text/json">{"id":1567606,"first_name":"Lynda","last_name":"Okoye-Ike","domain_name":"utwente","page_name":"LyndaOkoyeIke","display_name":"Lynda Okoye-Ike","profile_url":"https://utwente.academia.edu/LyndaOkoyeIke?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1567606/550920/21159565/s65_lynda.okoye-ike.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_37926649 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="37926649"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37926649, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_37926649", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37926649]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_37926649").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_37926649").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="37926649"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5412" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy">Energy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5412" type="text/json">{"id":5412,"name":"Energy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17331" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas">Oil and gas</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17331" type="text/json">{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="18845" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sustainability">Environmental Sustainability</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="18845" type="text/json">{"id":18845,"name":"Environmental Sustainability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sustainability?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="36077" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy_Management">Energy Management</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="36077" type="text/json">{"id":36077,"name":"Energy Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy_Management?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=37926649]'), work: {"id":37926649,"title":"Regulations and Incentives: Effective Abatement Measures For Gas Flaring In Nigeria?","created_at":"2018-12-06T09:19:30.542-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/37926649/Regulations_and_Incentives_Effective_Abatement_Measures_For_Gas_Flaring_In_Nigeria?f_ri=17331","dom_id":"work_37926649","summary":"In true sense, Nigeria has made considerable efforts in reducing her gas-flaring activities. However, it is highly debated if the recorded reductions over the years are solemnly from the enacted regulations, penalties and incentives. In order to analyse the effectiveness of these instituted policy instruments including the implementation mechanisms driving their successes or failures, this research uses the Contextual Interaction Theory (CIT) as a theoretical framework.\nThe theory is built on the premise that Governance is essentially a myriad of interaction processes where actors in a policy setting are constantly in a game of influencing each other depending on their position in relation to others. Consequently, actors’ characteristics play pivotal roles in determining policy outcomes.\nAlthough varieties of adhoc explanations abounds for various policy failures, ranging from inadequate motivation of responsible institutions, insufficient manpower resources, ambiguity of legislative guidelines and so on. However, empirical researches including the CIT have shown that these factors need not exclusively affect policy implementation; rather in consonance with other factors can exert some degree of influences.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57938939,"asset_id":37926649,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":1567606,"first_name":"Lynda","last_name":"Okoye-Ike","domain_name":"utwente","page_name":"LyndaOkoyeIke","display_name":"Lynda Okoye-Ike","profile_url":"https://utwente.academia.edu/LyndaOkoyeIke?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/1567606/550920/21159565/s65_lynda.okoye-ike.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":5412,"name":"Energy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":18845,"name":"Environmental Sustainability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sustainability?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":36077,"name":"Energy Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy_Management?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":456995,"name":"Gas Flaring","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gas_Flaring?f_ri=17331"},{"id":1723635,"name":"Public Policy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Public_Policy?f_ri=17331"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_40021673" data-work_id="40021673" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/40021673/THE_IMPACT_OF_FLARE_GAS_UTILIZATION_ON_THE_ECONOMIC_GROWTH_OF_NIGERIA">THE IMPACT OF FLARE GAS UTILIZATION ON THE ECONOMIC GROWTH OF NIGERIA</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">5 studies with location focuses like Pakistan, Malaysia, The OECD countries and The Middle east countries made use of data as up to date as 2014. Hassan et al proxied natural gas utilization for energy consumption.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/40021673" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="31b2b7c8ac4edca128f4cd6d742ddec5" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":60216991,"asset_id":40021673,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/60216991/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMDcyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="62490317" href="https://ui-edu-ng.academia.edu/AdenijiSolomon">Adeniji Solomon</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="62490317" type="text/json">{"id":62490317,"first_name":"Adeniji","last_name":"Solomon","domain_name":"ui-edu-ng","page_name":"AdenijiSolomon","display_name":"Adeniji Solomon","profile_url":"https://ui-edu-ng.academia.edu/AdenijiSolomon?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/62490317/18040210/28400156/s65_adeniji.solomon.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_40021673 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="40021673"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 40021673, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_40021673", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=40021673]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_40021673").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_40021673").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="40021673"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17331" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas">Oil and gas</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17331" type="text/json">{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21318" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nigeria">Nigeria</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="21318" type="text/json">{"id":21318,"name":"Nigeria","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nigeria?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="456995" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gas_Flaring">Gas Flaring</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="456995" type="text/json">{"id":456995,"name":"Gas Flaring","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gas_Flaring?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2957914" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gas_consumption">Gas consumption</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="2957914" type="text/json">{"id":2957914,"name":"Gas consumption","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gas_consumption?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=40021673]'), work: {"id":40021673,"title":"THE IMPACT OF FLARE GAS UTILIZATION ON THE ECONOMIC GROWTH OF NIGERIA","created_at":"2019-08-06T07:30:35.965-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/40021673/THE_IMPACT_OF_FLARE_GAS_UTILIZATION_ON_THE_ECONOMIC_GROWTH_OF_NIGERIA?f_ri=17331","dom_id":"work_40021673","summary":"5 studies with location focuses like Pakistan, Malaysia, The OECD countries and The Middle east countries made use of data as up to date as 2014. Hassan et al proxied natural gas utilization for energy consumption.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":60216991,"asset_id":40021673,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":62490317,"first_name":"Adeniji","last_name":"Solomon","domain_name":"ui-edu-ng","page_name":"AdenijiSolomon","display_name":"Adeniji Solomon","profile_url":"https://ui-edu-ng.academia.edu/AdenijiSolomon?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/62490317/18040210/28400156/s65_adeniji.solomon.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":21318,"name":"Nigeria","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nigeria?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":456995,"name":"Gas Flaring","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gas_Flaring?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":2957914,"name":"Gas consumption","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gas_consumption?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":3261902,"name":"Gas Production and Utilization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gas_Production_and_Utilization?f_ri=17331"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37911137" data-work_id="37911137" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37911137/LEAN_OFFICE_UMA_ABORDAGEM_PARA_MELHORIA_DOS_PROCESSOS_INTERNOS_DE_UMA_EMPRESA_DE_%C3%93LEO_E_G%C3%81S">LEAN OFFICE: UMA ABORDAGEM PARA MELHORIA DOS PROCESSOS INTERNOS DE UMA EMPRESA DE ÓLEO E GÁS</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">O objetivo deste trabalho é identificar desperdícios no processo de solicitação de materiais visando propor melhorias através da abordagem Lean Office. O método da pesquisa utilizado foi à pesquisa-ação, o projeto se desenvolveu no setor... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_37911137" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">O objetivo deste trabalho é identificar desperdícios no processo de solicitação de materiais visando propor melhorias através da abordagem Lean Office. O método da pesquisa utilizado foi à pesquisa-ação, o projeto se desenvolveu no setor de Cabeça de poço de uma empresa de grande porte do setor de óleo e gás da região sudeste do Rio de janeiro. A execução do método deu-se através de coleta de dados com entrevistas, consulta a documentos, observação direta e mapeamento do fluxo de valor (MFV) no ambiente da pesquisa com o objetivo se obter um maior entendimento a respeito do processo estudado. Ao final do trabalho obteve-se, primeiro, uma contribuição teórica, pois os conceitos foram aplicados em uma empresa do setor de óleo e gás, ambiente ainda pouco explorado por aplicações da abordagem utilizada. Parte das propostas sugeridas foram implantadas resultando na diminuição do lead time em até 24%. Esses resultados são consequência da melhoria da estrutura e da eliminação de atividades desnecessárias que não agregavam valor. Conclui-se que é possível aplicar os conceitos do Lean Office no setor de óleo e gás, considerando as restrições e adaptações necessárias da organização.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37911137" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="d324b96b3358d1a3ad0ecece7f020b57" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57922037,"asset_id":37911137,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57922037/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMDcyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="51385127" href="https://uff.academia.edu/rafaelGardelAzzaritiBrasil">Rafael Gardel Azzariti Brasil</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="51385127" type="text/json">{"id":51385127,"first_name":"Rafael","last_name":"Gardel Azzariti Brasil","domain_name":"uff","page_name":"rafaelGardelAzzaritiBrasil","display_name":"Rafael Gardel Azzariti Brasil","profile_url":"https://uff.academia.edu/rafaelGardelAzzaritiBrasil?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/51385127/21491423/20865873/s65_rafael.gardel_azzariti_brasil.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_37911137 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="37911137"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37911137, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_37911137", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37911137]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_37911137").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_37911137").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="37911137"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3443" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lean_Production_Production_">Lean Production (Production)</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3443" type="text/json">{"id":3443,"name":"Lean Production (Production)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lean_Production_Production_?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="14305" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Industrial_Engineering">Industrial Engineering</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14305" type="text/json">{"id":14305,"name":"Industrial Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Industrial_Engineering?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17331" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas">Oil and gas</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17331" type="text/json">{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="113945" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lean_Production">Lean Production</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="113945" type="text/json">{"id":113945,"name":"Lean Production","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lean_Production?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=37911137]'), work: {"id":37911137,"title":"LEAN OFFICE: UMA ABORDAGEM PARA MELHORIA DOS PROCESSOS INTERNOS DE UMA EMPRESA DE ÓLEO E GÁS","created_at":"2018-12-04T07:07:15.035-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/37911137/LEAN_OFFICE_UMA_ABORDAGEM_PARA_MELHORIA_DOS_PROCESSOS_INTERNOS_DE_UMA_EMPRESA_DE_%C3%93LEO_E_G%C3%81S?f_ri=17331","dom_id":"work_37911137","summary":"O objetivo deste trabalho é identificar desperdícios no processo de solicitação de materiais visando propor melhorias através da abordagem Lean Office. O método da pesquisa utilizado foi à pesquisa-ação, o projeto se desenvolveu no setor de Cabeça de poço de uma empresa de grande porte do setor de óleo e gás da região sudeste do Rio de janeiro. A execução do método deu-se através de coleta de dados com entrevistas, consulta a documentos, observação direta e mapeamento do fluxo de valor (MFV) no ambiente da pesquisa com o objetivo se obter um maior entendimento a respeito do processo estudado. Ao final do trabalho obteve-se, primeiro, uma contribuição teórica, pois os conceitos foram aplicados em uma empresa do setor de óleo e gás, ambiente ainda pouco explorado por aplicações da abordagem utilizada. Parte das propostas sugeridas foram implantadas resultando na diminuição do lead time em até 24%. Esses resultados são consequência da melhoria da estrutura e da eliminação de atividades desnecessárias que não agregavam valor. Conclui-se que é possível aplicar os conceitos do Lean Office no setor de óleo e gás, considerando as restrições e adaptações necessárias da organização.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57922037,"asset_id":37911137,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":51385127,"first_name":"Rafael","last_name":"Gardel Azzariti Brasil","domain_name":"uff","page_name":"rafaelGardelAzzaritiBrasil","display_name":"Rafael Gardel Azzariti Brasil","profile_url":"https://uff.academia.edu/rafaelGardelAzzaritiBrasil?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/51385127/21491423/20865873/s65_rafael.gardel_azzariti_brasil.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3443,"name":"Lean Production (Production)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lean_Production_Production_?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":14305,"name":"Industrial Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Industrial_Engineering?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":113945,"name":"Lean Production","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Lean_Production?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":125190,"name":"Engenharia de Produção","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engenharia_de_Producao?f_ri=17331"},{"id":259601,"name":"Oil and Gas Drilling Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_Gas_Drilling_Engineering?f_ri=17331"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_4660216" data-work_id="4660216" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4660216/Final_Proposal_Supply_Chain_Practices_in_Oil_and_Gas_Industry_by_Waqas_Ali_Tunio">Final Proposal - Supply Chain Practices in Oil & Gas Industry by Waqas Ali Tunio</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/4660216" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="a05da7f9894710f6d0b719607b0e7377" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":32003222,"asset_id":4660216,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/32003222/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMDcyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="5908156" href="https://nust.academia.edu/WaqasAliTunio">Waqas Ali Tunio</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="5908156" type="text/json">{"id":5908156,"first_name":"Waqas Ali","last_name":"Tunio","domain_name":"nust","page_name":"WaqasAliTunio","display_name":"Waqas Ali Tunio","profile_url":"https://nust.academia.edu/WaqasAliTunio?f_ri=17331","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_4660216 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="4660216"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 4660216, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_4660216", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=4660216]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_4660216").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_4660216").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="4660216"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1335" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Supply_Chain_Management">Supply Chain Management</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1335" type="text/json">{"id":1335,"name":"Supply Chain Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Supply_Chain_Management?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17331" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas">Oil and gas</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="17331" type="text/json">{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=4660216]'), work: {"id":4660216,"title":"Final Proposal - Supply Chain Practices in Oil \u0026 Gas Industry by Waqas Ali Tunio","created_at":"2013-10-02T21:48:18.831-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/4660216/Final_Proposal_Supply_Chain_Practices_in_Oil_and_Gas_Industry_by_Waqas_Ali_Tunio?f_ri=17331","dom_id":"work_4660216","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":32003222,"asset_id":4660216,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":5908156,"first_name":"Waqas Ali","last_name":"Tunio","domain_name":"nust","page_name":"WaqasAliTunio","display_name":"Waqas Ali Tunio","profile_url":"https://nust.academia.edu/WaqasAliTunio?f_ri=17331","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1335,"name":"Supply Chain Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Supply_Chain_Management?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_16577913" data-work_id="16577913" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/16577913/Microbiological_Assessment_of_Compressed_Gases_in_Pharmaceutical_Facilities">Microbiological Assessment of Compressed Gases in Pharmaceutical Facilities</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Compressed gas sampling for microorganisms is an important part of contamination control assessment. This paper addresses topics related to microbial assessment of compressed gases. These include gas purity including moisture... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_16577913" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Compressed gas sampling for microorganisms is an important part of contamination control assessment.  This paper addresses topics related to microbial assessment of compressed gases.  These include gas purity including moisture considerations, sterile filtration, compressed gas standards, microbial contamination, microbial survival, sampling and testing requirements, instrumentation, and various sampling considerations including growth medium choice and frequency, and reporting requirements.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/16577913" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="c36953aa7d18334453e0b9d0033c78ba" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":39058388,"asset_id":16577913,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/39058388/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMDcyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="725124" href="https://manchester.academia.edu/TimSandle">Tim Sandle</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="725124" type="text/json">{"id":725124,"first_name":"Tim","last_name":"Sandle","domain_name":"manchester","page_name":"TimSandle","display_name":"Tim Sandle","profile_url":"https://manchester.academia.edu/TimSandle?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/725124/247895/293007/s65_tim.sandle.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_16577913 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="16577913"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 16577913, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_16577913", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=16577913]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_16577913").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_16577913").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="16577913"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="159" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology">Microbiology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="159" type="text/json">{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="656" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pharmacy">Pharmacy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="656" type="text/json">{"id":656,"name":"Pharmacy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pharmacy?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9186" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pharmaceutical_Technology">Pharmaceutical Technology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9186" type="text/json">{"id":9186,"name":"Pharmaceutical Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pharmaceutical_Technology?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="11976" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Air_pollution">Air pollution</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="11976" type="text/json">{"id":11976,"name":"Air pollution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Air_pollution?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=16577913]'), work: {"id":16577913,"title":"Microbiological Assessment of Compressed Gases in Pharmaceutical Facilities","created_at":"2015-10-08T13:16:29.896-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/16577913/Microbiological_Assessment_of_Compressed_Gases_in_Pharmaceutical_Facilities?f_ri=17331","dom_id":"work_16577913","summary":"Compressed gas sampling for microorganisms is an important part of contamination control assessment. This paper addresses topics related to microbial assessment of compressed gases. These include gas purity including moisture considerations, sterile filtration, compressed gas standards, microbial contamination, microbial survival, sampling and testing requirements, instrumentation, and various sampling considerations including growth medium choice and frequency, and reporting requirements. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":39058388,"asset_id":16577913,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":725124,"first_name":"Tim","last_name":"Sandle","domain_name":"manchester","page_name":"TimSandle","display_name":"Tim Sandle","profile_url":"https://manchester.academia.edu/TimSandle?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/725124/247895/293007/s65_tim.sandle.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":159,"name":"Microbiology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Microbiology?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":656,"name":"Pharmacy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pharmacy?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":9186,"name":"Pharmaceutical Technology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Pharmaceutical_Technology?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":11976,"name":"Air pollution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Air_pollution?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":13496,"name":"Oil and Gas 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Koç","profile_url":"https://gazi.academia.edu/OnurKo%C3%A7?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/27397485/7790280/8731482/s65_onur.ko_.jpg_oh_29f0f55578403358745258a8a40c3e65_oe_55be92f3___gda___1435395825_74374214b827442a6a1285e758643c3b"}],"research_interests":[{"id":48,"name":"Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Engineering?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":63,"name":"Design Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design_Engineering?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":988,"name":"Design","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Design?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":18634,"name":"Internal Combustion Engines","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Internal_Combustion_Engines?f_ri=17331"},{"id":35757,"name":"Internal Combustion Engine","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Internal_Combustion_Engine?f_ri=17331"},{"id":834167,"name":"Crankshaft","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crankshaft?f_ri=17331"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_30371953" data-work_id="30371953" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30371953/Oil_and_gas_stock_price_reactions_to_federal_tax_legislation">Oil and gas stock price reactions to federal tax legislation</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The purpose of this research is to assess the effects of major tax legislation on the stock prices of firms in the oil and gas industry. Event study methodology is used to examine the behavior of security prices of oil and gas firms in... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_30371953" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The purpose of this research is to assess the effects of major tax legislation on the stock prices of firms in the oil and gas industry. Event study methodology is used to examine the behavior of security prices of oil and gas firms in response to the Joint Conference Committee vote in August 1986. Event studies have been used extensively over the past twenty years to determine the impact of both firm-specific events (such as stock splits and bond downgrades) and industry-wide events (such as new regulations) on common stock prices. The major objective in these studies has been to determine the extent to which security returns around the event were different from expected returns based on a prediction model. These studies have shown that capital markets are highly efficient, i.e., stock prices adjust quickly to publicly available information as investors act in response to new expectations of risk and returns (Hill and Schneeweis 1983).</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/30371953" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="aa581bca60967f3b7ce7433d3bbb973a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50821742,"asset_id":30371953,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50821742/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMDcyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="57852929" href="https://independent.academia.edu/StuartMichelson">Stuart Michelson</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="57852929" type="text/json">{"id":57852929,"first_name":"Stuart","last_name":"Michelson","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"StuartMichelson","display_name":"Stuart Michelson","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/StuartMichelson?f_ri=17331","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_30371953 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="30371953"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 30371953, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_30371953", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=30371953]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_30371953").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_30371953").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="30371953"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17331" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas">Oil and gas</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17331" type="text/json">{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="27659" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Economics">Applied Economics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="27659" type="text/json">{"id":27659,"name":"Applied Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Economics?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="88815" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legislation">Legislation</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="88815" type="text/json">{"id":88815,"name":"Legislation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legislation?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="116541" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Event_Study">Event Study</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="116541" type="text/json">{"id":116541,"name":"Event Study","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Event_Study?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=30371953]'), work: {"id":30371953,"title":"Oil and gas stock price reactions to federal tax legislation","created_at":"2016-12-10T13:00:16.750-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/30371953/Oil_and_gas_stock_price_reactions_to_federal_tax_legislation?f_ri=17331","dom_id":"work_30371953","summary":"The purpose of this research is to assess the effects of major tax legislation on the stock prices of firms in the oil and gas industry. Event study methodology is used to examine the behavior of security prices of oil and gas firms in response to the Joint Conference Committee vote in August 1986. Event studies have been used extensively over the past twenty years to determine the impact of both firm-specific events (such as stock splits and bond downgrades) and industry-wide events (such as new regulations) on common stock prices. The major objective in these studies has been to determine the extent to which security returns around the event were different from expected returns based on a prediction model. These studies have shown that capital markets are highly efficient, i.e., stock prices adjust quickly to publicly available information as investors act in response to new expectations of risk and returns (Hill and Schneeweis 1983).","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50821742,"asset_id":30371953,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":57852929,"first_name":"Stuart","last_name":"Michelson","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"StuartMichelson","display_name":"Stuart Michelson","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/StuartMichelson?f_ri=17331","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":27659,"name":"Applied Economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Applied_Economics?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":88815,"name":"Legislation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Legislation?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":116541,"name":"Event Study","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Event_Study?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":418456,"name":"Economics Finance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economics_Finance-2?f_ri=17331"},{"id":489225,"name":"Stock Price","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stock_Price?f_ri=17331"},{"id":1399036,"name":"Oil and Gas Industry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_Gas_Industry-1?f_ri=17331"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_7762597" data-work_id="7762597" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7762597/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5_%D0%90%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8_%D0%B2_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D1%83_%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B5_%D1%8D%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%8F">Катастрофа танкера «Глобе Ассими» в порту Клайпеда и ее экологические последствия</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/7762597" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e3e2334b60a7ff6952ac39fc0d77ad49" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":34276992,"asset_id":7762597,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/34276992/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMDcyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="11840014" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AlexanderKorshenko">Alexander Korshenko</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="11840014" type="text/json">{"id":11840014,"first_name":"Alexander","last_name":"Korshenko","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AlexanderKorshenko","display_name":"Alexander Korshenko","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AlexanderKorshenko?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11840014/3414449/4015400/s65_alexander.korshenko.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_7762597 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="7762597"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 7762597, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_7762597", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_7762597 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 7762597; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_7762597"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_7762597 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="7762597"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 7762597; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=7762597]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_7762597").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_7762597").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="7762597"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9513" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/MARINE_POLLUTION">MARINE POLLUTION</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="9513" type="text/json">{"id":9513,"name":"MARINE POLLUTION","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/MARINE_POLLUTION?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17331" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas">Oil and gas</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="17331" type="text/json">{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=7762597]'), work: {"id":7762597,"title":"Катастрофа танкера «Глобе Ассими» в порту Клайпеда и ее экологические последствия","created_at":"2014-07-23T16:23:50.677-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/7762597/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%93%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5_%D0%90%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8_%D0%B2_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D1%83_%D0%9A%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%B8_%D0%B5%D0%B5_%D1%8D%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%8F?f_ri=17331","dom_id":"work_7762597","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":34276992,"asset_id":7762597,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":11840014,"first_name":"Alexander","last_name":"Korshenko","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"AlexanderKorshenko","display_name":"Alexander Korshenko","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/AlexanderKorshenko?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/11840014/3414449/4015400/s65_alexander.korshenko.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":9513,"name":"MARINE POLLUTION","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/MARINE_POLLUTION?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_61149424" data-work_id="61149424" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/61149424/Promoting_Small_and_Medium_Enterprises_in_the_Nigerian_Oil_and_Gas_Industry">Promoting Small and Medium Enterprises in the Nigerian Oil and Gas Industry</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Small and medium scale enterprises (SMEs) are generally acknowledged as having huge potentials for employment generation and wealth creation in any economy. Hence interest in their development continues to be in the forefront of policy... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_61149424" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Small and medium scale enterprises (SMEs) are generally acknowledged as having huge potentials for employment generation and wealth creation in any economy. Hence interest in their development continues to be in the forefront of policy debates. In Nigeria however, the sector remains relatively small in terms of its contribution to GDP or to gainful employment. Though the Nigerian Oil and Gas Industry has played pivotal role in the economic development of the country since independence, with over 95% of total export revenue currently accruing from this sector, the participation of SMEs in the sector has been largely insignificant. However, the enactment of the Nigerian Content Development Act 2010 provides a number of opportunities for Nigerians to participate in the oil and gas sector. This paper examines the historical trend in the development of SMEs in Nigeria and identifies the several opportunities and competitive advantages now exclusively reserved for Nigerian companies under...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/61149424" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="73bed1efa7c424471f8dcfac9ad5722b" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":74288259,"asset_id":61149424,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/74288259/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMDcyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="190681524" href="https://independent.academia.edu/Michaeloisamoje">Michael oisamoje</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="190681524" type="text/json">{"id":190681524,"first_name":"Michael","last_name":"oisamoje","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"Michaeloisamoje","display_name":"Michael oisamoje","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/Michaeloisamoje?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/190681524/53787681/41920539/s65_michael.oisamoje.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_61149424 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="61149424"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 61149424, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_61149424", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_61149424 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61149424; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_61149424"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_61149424 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="61149424"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 61149424; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=61149424]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_61149424").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_61149424").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="61149424"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17331" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas">Oil and gas</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17331" type="text/json">{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="21318" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nigeria">Nigeria</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="21318" type="text/json">{"id":21318,"name":"Nigeria","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nigeria?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="24790" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Small_and_Medium_scale_Enterprises">Small and Medium scale Enterprises</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="24790" type="text/json">{"id":24790,"name":"Small and Medium scale Enterprises","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Small_and_Medium_scale_Enterprises?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="389109" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/SMEs_performance">SMEs performance</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="389109" type="text/json">{"id":389109,"name":"SMEs performance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/SMEs_performance?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=61149424]'), work: {"id":61149424,"title":"Promoting Small and Medium Enterprises in the Nigerian Oil and Gas Industry","created_at":"2021-11-06T20:20:32.411-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/61149424/Promoting_Small_and_Medium_Enterprises_in_the_Nigerian_Oil_and_Gas_Industry?f_ri=17331","dom_id":"work_61149424","summary":"Small and medium scale enterprises (SMEs) are generally acknowledged as having huge potentials for employment generation and wealth creation in any economy. Hence interest in their development continues to be in the forefront of policy debates. In Nigeria however, the sector remains relatively small in terms of its contribution to GDP or to gainful employment. Though the Nigerian Oil and Gas Industry has played pivotal role in the economic development of the country since independence, with over 95% of total export revenue currently accruing from this sector, the participation of SMEs in the sector has been largely insignificant. However, the enactment of the Nigerian Content Development Act 2010 provides a number of opportunities for Nigerians to participate in the oil and gas sector. This paper examines the historical trend in the development of SMEs in Nigeria and identifies the several opportunities and competitive advantages now exclusively reserved for Nigerian companies under...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":74288259,"asset_id":61149424,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":190681524,"first_name":"Michael","last_name":"oisamoje","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"Michaeloisamoje","display_name":"Michael oisamoje","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/Michaeloisamoje?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/190681524/53787681/41920539/s65_michael.oisamoje.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":21318,"name":"Nigeria","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nigeria?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":24790,"name":"Small and Medium scale Enterprises","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Small_and_Medium_scale_Enterprises?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":389109,"name":"SMEs performance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/SMEs_performance?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_60990315" data-work_id="60990315" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/60990315/A_Micro_Based_Model_for_World_Oil_Market">A Micro-Based Model for World Oil Market</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Abstract In this paper we decompose and analyze the drivers of the oil price and provide a detailed explanation of the reasons behind the price increase that took place during last decade. We address the problem of endogene&#x27; ity... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_60990315" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Abstract In this paper we decompose and analyze the drivers of the oil price and provide a detailed explanation of the reasons behind the price increase that took place during last decade. We address the problem of endogene&#x27; ity using a novel data set that allowed us to ...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/60990315" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="65533778" href="https://independent.academia.edu/RRigob%C3%B3n">R. 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We address the problem of endogene\u0026#x27; ity using a novel data set that allowed us to ...","downloadable_attachments":[],"ordered_authors":[{"id":65533778,"first_name":"R.","last_name":"Rigobón","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"RRigobón","display_name":"R. 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market","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Crude_oil_market?f_ri=17331"},{"id":749736,"name":"Oil and gas economics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas_economics?f_ri=17331"},{"id":1237788,"name":"Electrical And Electronic Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electrical_And_Electronic_Engineering?f_ri=17331"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_35712113" data-work_id="35712113" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35712113/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8B_%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%8E%D1%89%D0%B8%D1%85_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B8_%D0%BF%D1%83%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D1%85_%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F">Проблемы землепользования добывающих компаний и пути их решения</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Основные тезисы: 􀀀 Существующая в настоящее время практика предоставления лицензий на пользование участками недр без получения информации о земельных участках, необходимых для реализации права использования участка недр, нередко приводит... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_35712113" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Основные тезисы:<br />􀀀 Существующая в настоящее время практика предоставления лицензий на пользование участками недр без получения информации о земельных участках, необходимых для реализации права использования участка недр, нередко приводит к серьезным проблемам.<br />􀀀 Регулирующее эти вопросы законодательство в процессе своего совершенствования в настоящее время замерло на месте.<br />􀀀 Целесообразно выстроить систему земельно-информационного обеспечения инвестиционных процессов в области недропользования, состоящую из четырех этапов.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/35712113" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" 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data-has-card-for-ri="14768" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Land_Law">Land Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="14768" type="text/json">{"id":14768,"name":"Land Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Land_Law?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17331" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas">Oil and gas</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="17331" type="text/json">{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=35712113]'), work: {"id":35712113,"title":"Проблемы землепользования добывающих компаний и пути их 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из четырех этапов.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":55584868,"asset_id":35712113,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":57556835,"first_name":"Stanislav","last_name":"Komarov","domain_name":"guz","page_name":"StanislavKomarov","display_name":"Stanislav Komarov","profile_url":"https://guz.academia.edu/StanislavKomarov?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/57556835/15098151/15809780/s65_stanislav.komarov.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":5597,"name":"Land management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Land_management?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":14768,"name":"Land Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Land_Law?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_29120248" data-work_id="29120248" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/29120248/_REVISED_The_General_Assessment_of_the_Attractiveness_of_the_Oil_and_Gas_Industry_from_a_Variety_of_Perspectives">(REVISED) The General Assessment of the Attractiveness of the Oil and Gas Industry from a Variety of Perspectives</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Oil and gas project are currently characterised by increasing complexity. The process of contracting a project appropriately in early project stage is very crucial to securing its success this can be attributed to the difficulty... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_29120248" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Oil and gas project are currently characterised by increasing complexity. The process of contracting a project appropriately in early project stage is very crucial to securing its success this can be attributed to the difficulty associated with timely completion, costs, quality and revenue. 1 As a result, different contracting strategies have been developed over time for allocation of task, responsibility, and risk.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/29120248" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5f9c18cee6d8d992462b7380ca741169" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":49566240,"asset_id":29120248,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/49566240/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMDcyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="6359316" href="https://rgu.academia.edu/ManuchimNyebuchi">Manuchim Nyebuchi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="6359316" type="text/json">{"id":6359316,"first_name":"Manuchim","last_name":"Nyebuchi","domain_name":"rgu","page_name":"ManuchimNyebuchi","display_name":"Manuchim Nyebuchi","profile_url":"https://rgu.academia.edu/ManuchimNyebuchi?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/6359316/2824803/19623720/s65_manuchim.ejims.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_29120248 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="29120248"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 29120248, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_29120248", }); 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THIS IS YOUR CHANCE TO BE HELPED QUICKLY. <br /><br />*GET RIDE OF ANY WITCHCRAFT, BAD LUCK & CURSES.<br /><br />* EXPERT IN DISTANCE HEALING.<br /><br />*COURT CASES EVEN IF ONE IS CONVICTED[IF THERE'S A CHANCE OF APPEALING] <br /><br /><br />*UNFINISHED JOBS BY OTHER DOCTORS-IF NOT SATISFIED-COME TO ME. <br /><br />*ARE YOU BEING FORCED INTO A DIVORCE? <br /><br /><br />*HEALERS WHO NEEDS MORE POWERS TO HEAL THEIR <br /><br /><br />* DO YOU WANT TO HAVE CHILDREN OF YOUR CHOICE? <br /><br />*DO YOU WANT QUICK MARRIAGE PROPOSAL? <br /><br /><br />*HIRE SHORT BOYS TO GIVE YOU RICHNESS IN 1 WEEK.$3800<br /><br />*BUY AMAYEMBE [ANCESTRAL SPIRITS] TO MAKE YOU RICH.$4500<br /><br />AND MANY MORE.....CALL: +27818084431 OR VISIThttp://drpinkietraditionalhealer.wordpress.com<br />Email:<a href="mailto:drpinkie1@gmail.com" rel="nofollow">drpinkie1@gmail.com</a><br /><a href="http://drpinkietraditionalhealer.wordpress.com" rel="nofollow">http://drpinkietraditionalhealer.wordpress.com</a><br /> website : drpinkie.co.za<br /><br />Don't quit, Winners don't quit and quitters don't win! "If any of the issues above resonate with you and you have nowhere else to turn I can help you no matter where you are - anywhere in the World. All work is guaranteed to be 100% remote, and 100% discreet. <br /><br />I have well over 54 years full time professional international experience, successfully healing the problems above (and more) for people like you... when absolutely nothing else would work." <br />website : drpinkie.co.za</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/25515467" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="e8422d8c6173bb05d0400b98e20dc866" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":45838270,"asset_id":25515467,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/45838270/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMDcyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="43099718" rel="nofollow" href="https://independent.academia.edu/drpinkie">dr pinkie</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="43099718" type="text/json">{"id":43099718,"first_name":"dr","last_name":"pinkie","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"drpinkie","display_name":"dr pinkie","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/drpinkie?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/43099718/19168128/19114185/s65_dr.pinkie.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_25515467 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="25515467"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 25515467, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_25515467", }); 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THIS IS YOUR CHANCE TO BE HELPED QUICKLY. \n\n*GET RIDE OF ANY WITCHCRAFT, BAD LUCK \u0026 CURSES.\n\n* EXPERT IN DISTANCE HEALING.\n\n*COURT CASES EVEN IF ONE IS CONVICTED[IF THERE'S A CHANCE OF APPEALING] \n\n\n*UNFINISHED JOBS BY OTHER DOCTORS-IF NOT SATISFIED-COME TO ME. \n\n*ARE YOU BEING FORCED INTO A DIVORCE? \n\n\n*HEALERS WHO NEEDS MORE POWERS TO HEAL THEIR \n\n\n* DO YOU WANT TO HAVE CHILDREN OF YOUR CHOICE? \n\n*DO YOU WANT QUICK MARRIAGE PROPOSAL? \n\n\n*HIRE SHORT BOYS TO GIVE YOU RICHNESS IN 1 WEEK.$3800\n\n*BUY AMAYEMBE [ANCESTRAL SPIRITS] TO MAKE YOU RICH.$4500\n\nAND MANY MORE.....CALL: +27818084431 OR VISIThttp://drpinkietraditionalhealer.wordpress.com\nEmail:drpinkie1@gmail.com\nhttp://drpinkietraditionalhealer.wordpress.com\n website : drpinkie.co.za\n\nDon't quit, Winners don't quit and quitters don't win! \"If any of the issues above resonate with you and you have nowhere else to turn I can help you no matter where you are - anywhere in the World. All work is guaranteed to be 100% remote, and 100% discreet. \n\nI have well over 54 years full time professional international experience, successfully healing the problems above (and more) for people like you... when absolutely nothing else would work.\" \nwebsite : drpinkie.co.za","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":45838270,"asset_id":25515467,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":43099718,"first_name":"dr","last_name":"pinkie","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"drpinkie","display_name":"dr pinkie","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/drpinkie?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/43099718/19168128/19114185/s65_dr.pinkie.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":586,"name":"Health Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Health_Sciences?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":659,"name":"Comparative 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data-work_id="67580283" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/67580283/Assessing_European_capacity_for_geological_storage_of_carbon_dioxide_the_EU_GeoCapacity_project">Assessing European capacity for geological storage of carbon dioxide-the EU GeoCapacity project</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The focus of the GeoCapacity project is GIS mapping of CO 2 point sources, infrastructure and geological storage in Europe. The main objective is to assess the European capacity for geological storage of CO 2 in deep saline aquifers, oil... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_67580283" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The focus of the GeoCapacity project is GIS mapping of CO 2 point sources, infrastructure and geological storage in Europe. The main objective is to assess the European capacity for geological storage of CO 2 in deep saline aquifers, oil and gas structures and coal beds. Other ...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/67580283" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5b5fe796464cd444b283f00c6504d2d6" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":78345147,"asset_id":67580283,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/78345147/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMDcyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="16264401" href="https://independent.academia.edu/NielsPoulsen">Niels Poulsen</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="16264401" type="text/json">{"id":16264401,"first_name":"Niels","last_name":"Poulsen","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NielsPoulsen","display_name":"Niels Poulsen","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NielsPoulsen?f_ri=17331","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span><span class="u-displayInlineBlock InlineList-item-text"> and <span class="u-textDecorationUnderline u-clickable InlineList-item-text js-work-more-authors-67580283">+1</span><div class="hidden js-additional-users-67580283"><div><span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a href="https://independent.academia.edu/TVangkildepedersen">T. Vangkilde-pedersen</a></span></div></div></span><script>(function(){ var popoverSettings = { el: $('.js-work-more-authors-67580283'), placement: 'bottom', hide_delay: 200, html: true, content: function(){ return $('.js-additional-users-67580283').html(); } } new HoverPopover(popoverSettings); })();</script></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_67580283 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="67580283"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 67580283, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_67580283", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_67580283 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67580283; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_67580283"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_67580283 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="67580283"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 67580283; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=67580283]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_67580283").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_67580283").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="67580283"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">7</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="402" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Science">Environmental Science</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="402" type="text/json">{"id":402,"name":"Environmental Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Science?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4594" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carbon_Dioxide">Carbon Dioxide</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4594" type="text/json">{"id":4594,"name":"Carbon Dioxide","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carbon_Dioxide?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="12054" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Cooperation">International Cooperation</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="12054" type="text/json">{"id":12054,"name":"International Cooperation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Cooperation?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17331" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas">Oil and gas</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="17331" type="text/json">{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=67580283]'), work: {"id":67580283,"title":"Assessing European capacity for geological storage of carbon dioxide-the EU GeoCapacity project","created_at":"2022-01-07T22:20:16.951-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/67580283/Assessing_European_capacity_for_geological_storage_of_carbon_dioxide_the_EU_GeoCapacity_project?f_ri=17331","dom_id":"work_67580283","summary":"The focus of the GeoCapacity project is GIS mapping of CO 2 point sources, infrastructure and geological storage in Europe. The main objective is to assess the European capacity for geological storage of CO 2 in deep saline aquifers, oil and gas structures and coal beds. Other ...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":78345147,"asset_id":67580283,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":16264401,"first_name":"Niels","last_name":"Poulsen","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"NielsPoulsen","display_name":"Niels Poulsen","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/NielsPoulsen?f_ri=17331","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"},{"id":33769902,"first_name":"T.","last_name":"Vangkilde-pedersen","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"TVangkildepedersen","display_name":"T. Vangkilde-pedersen","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/TVangkildepedersen?f_ri=17331","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":402,"name":"Environmental Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Science?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":4594,"name":"Carbon Dioxide","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carbon_Dioxide?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":12054,"name":"International Cooperation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_Cooperation?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":26376,"name":"Sedimentary Basins","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sedimentary_Basins?f_ri=17331"},{"id":277496,"name":"Site Selection","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Site_Selection?f_ri=17331"},{"id":737174,"name":"Economic Modelling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Economic_Modelling?f_ri=17331"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_50400901" data-work_id="50400901" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/50400901/Stochastic_programming_in_energy">Stochastic programming in energy</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">We give the reader a tour of good energy optimization models that explicitly deal with uncertainty. The uncertainty usually stems from unpredictability of demand and/or prices of energy, or from resource availability and prices. Since... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_50400901" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">We give the reader a tour of good energy optimization models that explicitly deal with uncertainty. The uncertainty usually stems from unpredictability of demand and/or prices of energy, or from resource availability and prices. Since most energy investments or operations involve irreversible decisions, a stochastic programming approach is meaningful. Many of the models deal with electricity investments and operations, but some oil and gas applications are also presented. We consider both traditional cost minimization models and newer models that reflect industry deregulation processes. The oldest research precedes the development of linear programming, and most models within the market paradigm have not yet found their final form.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/50400901" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="5e868538ac01882f55f334173f858f6a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":68403910,"asset_id":50400901,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/68403910/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMDcyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="34600065" href="https://nhh-no.academia.edu/SWallace">Stein W. Wallace</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="34600065" type="text/json">{"id":34600065,"first_name":"Stein W.","last_name":"Wallace","domain_name":"nhh-no","page_name":"SWallace","display_name":"Stein W. Wallace","profile_url":"https://nhh-no.academia.edu/SWallace?f_ri=17331","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_50400901 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="50400901"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 50400901, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_50400901", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_50400901 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 50400901; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_50400901"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_50400901 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="50400901"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 50400901; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=50400901]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_50400901").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_50400901").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="50400901"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">11</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl10x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5412" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy">Energy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5412" type="text/json">{"id":5412,"name":"Energy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="6432" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stochastic_Programming">Stochastic Programming</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="6432" type="text/json">{"id":6432,"name":"Stochastic Programming","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stochastic_Programming?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17331" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas">Oil and gas</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17331" type="text/json">{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="43986" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electricity">Electricity</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="43986" type="text/json">{"id":43986,"name":"Electricity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electricity?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=50400901]'), work: {"id":50400901,"title":"Stochastic programming in energy","created_at":"2021-07-30T11:23:12.375-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/50400901/Stochastic_programming_in_energy?f_ri=17331","dom_id":"work_50400901","summary":"We give the reader a tour of good energy optimization models that explicitly deal with uncertainty. The uncertainty usually stems from unpredictability of demand and/or prices of energy, or from resource availability and prices. Since most energy investments or operations involve irreversible decisions, a stochastic programming approach is meaningful. Many of the models deal with electricity investments and operations, but some oil and gas applications are also presented. We consider both traditional cost minimization models and newer models that reflect industry deregulation processes. The oldest research precedes the development of linear programming, and most models within the market paradigm have not yet found their final form.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":68403910,"asset_id":50400901,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":34600065,"first_name":"Stein W.","last_name":"Wallace","domain_name":"nhh-no","page_name":"SWallace","display_name":"Stein W. Wallace","profile_url":"https://nhh-no.academia.edu/SWallace?f_ri=17331","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":5412,"name":"Energy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":6432,"name":"Stochastic Programming","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stochastic_Programming?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":43986,"name":"Electricity","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Electricity?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":59128,"name":"Natural Gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Natural_Gas?f_ri=17331"},{"id":61603,"name":"Uncertainty","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Uncertainty?f_ri=17331"},{"id":76228,"name":"Oil","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil?f_ri=17331"},{"id":205955,"name":"Energy Optimization","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy_Optimization?f_ri=17331"},{"id":309524,"name":"Deregulation","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Deregulation?f_ri=17331"},{"id":1334031,"name":"Resource Availability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Resource_Availability?f_ri=17331"},{"id":1451580,"name":"LINEAR PROGRAM","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/LINEAR_PROGRAM?f_ri=17331"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_48278225" data-work_id="48278225" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/48278225/Modeling_an_atypical_petroleum_system_A_case_study_of_hydrocarbon_generation_migration_and_accumulation_related_to_igneous_intrusions_in_the_Neuquen_Basin_Argentina">Modeling an atypical petroleum system: A case study of hydrocarbon generation, migration and accumulation related to igneous intrusions in the Neuquen Basin, Argentina</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">In the Altiplanicie del Payu ´n area (Neuquen Basin, Argentina), immature source rock sections intruded by up to 600 m thick Tertiary laccoliths show full spectrum maturity aureoles over hundreds of meters from the contacts. Commercial... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_48278225" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">In the Altiplanicie del Payu ´n area (Neuquen Basin, Argentina), immature source rock sections intruded by up to 600 m thick Tertiary laccoliths show full spectrum maturity aureoles over hundreds of meters from the contacts. Commercial oil accumulations (20-33 API) and oil shows are located along the entire column, both in sandstone/carbonate and fractured igneous reservoirs. A challenging numerical model that included the emplacement of the intrusive bodies, with extreme temperature ranges and unusually short calculation time steps, has been done with the aim to better understand hydrocarbon generation and migration processes related to these thermal anomalies. A 2D petroleum system model achieved satisfactory results when accounting for thermal maturation, oil and gas generation, composition, migration, and known accumulations. This atypical petroleum system is characterized by thermal anomalies lasting thousands of years that are the result of the progressive cooling of the igneous intrusions. Host source rocks were exposed to a wide range of temperatures that varied in time and space generating different maturity products. High generation pressures, source rock fracturation, and convective water flows facilitated migration and mixing of hydrocarbons and the charge of the igneous bodies as they were fractured during thermal contraction. Oil and source rock analyses were done in order to calibrate and support modeling results. Geochemical correlations suggest an in situ generation related to the igneous intrusions. In particular, diamondoids' measurements show mixing processes of high-mature (cracked) with low-mature hydrocarbons. Oils generated and cracked close to the laccoliths and oils generated from more distant source rock sections, less affected by the thermal anomalies, were probably mixed as they migrated towards the igneous bodies and shallower reservoirs. The integration of a wide set of geochemical analyses and recent modeling techniques based upon time and temperature calculation performance enhancements, led to novel insights on this atypical petroleum system.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/48278225" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="29768c7968ea4890b0f355e92abe940a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":66975304,"asset_id":48278225,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/66975304/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMDcyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="65523512" href="https://independent.academia.edu/DelpinoDaniel">Daniel Delpino</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="65523512" type="text/json">{"id":65523512,"first_name":"Daniel","last_name":"Delpino","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DelpinoDaniel","display_name":"Daniel Delpino","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DelpinoDaniel?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/65523512/20495263/20137486/s65_daniel.delpino.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_48278225 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="48278225"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 48278225, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_48278225", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_48278225 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 48278225; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_48278225"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_48278225 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="48278225"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 48278225; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=48278225]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_48278225").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_48278225").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="48278225"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="406" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geology">Geology</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="406" type="text/json">{"id":406,"name":"Geology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geology?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="409" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geophysics">Geophysics</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="409" type="text/json">{"id":409,"name":"Geophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geophysics?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17331" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas">Oil and gas</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17331" type="text/json">{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="96047" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Case_Study">Case Study</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="96047" type="text/json">{"id":96047,"name":"Case Study","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Case_Study?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=48278225]'), work: {"id":48278225,"title":"Modeling an atypical petroleum system: A case study of hydrocarbon generation, migration and accumulation related to igneous intrusions in the Neuquen Basin, Argentina","created_at":"2021-05-04T09:56:36.282-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/48278225/Modeling_an_atypical_petroleum_system_A_case_study_of_hydrocarbon_generation_migration_and_accumulation_related_to_igneous_intrusions_in_the_Neuquen_Basin_Argentina?f_ri=17331","dom_id":"work_48278225","summary":"In the Altiplanicie del Payu ´n area (Neuquen Basin, Argentina), immature source rock sections intruded by up to 600 m thick Tertiary laccoliths show full spectrum maturity aureoles over hundreds of meters from the contacts. Commercial oil accumulations (20-33 API) and oil shows are located along the entire column, both in sandstone/carbonate and fractured igneous reservoirs. A challenging numerical model that included the emplacement of the intrusive bodies, with extreme temperature ranges and unusually short calculation time steps, has been done with the aim to better understand hydrocarbon generation and migration processes related to these thermal anomalies. A 2D petroleum system model achieved satisfactory results when accounting for thermal maturation, oil and gas generation, composition, migration, and known accumulations. This atypical petroleum system is characterized by thermal anomalies lasting thousands of years that are the result of the progressive cooling of the igneous intrusions. Host source rocks were exposed to a wide range of temperatures that varied in time and space generating different maturity products. High generation pressures, source rock fracturation, and convective water flows facilitated migration and mixing of hydrocarbons and the charge of the igneous bodies as they were fractured during thermal contraction. Oil and source rock analyses were done in order to calibrate and support modeling results. Geochemical correlations suggest an in situ generation related to the igneous intrusions. In particular, diamondoids' measurements show mixing processes of high-mature (cracked) with low-mature hydrocarbons. Oils generated and cracked close to the laccoliths and oils generated from more distant source rock sections, less affected by the thermal anomalies, were probably mixed as they migrated towards the igneous bodies and shallower reservoirs. The integration of a wide set of geochemical analyses and recent modeling techniques based upon time and temperature calculation performance enhancements, led to novel insights on this atypical petroleum system.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":66975304,"asset_id":48278225,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":65523512,"first_name":"Daniel","last_name":"Delpino","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"DelpinoDaniel","display_name":"Daniel Delpino","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/DelpinoDaniel?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/65523512/20495263/20137486/s65_daniel.delpino.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":406,"name":"Geology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geology?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":409,"name":"Geophysics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Geophysics?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":96047,"name":"Case Study","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Case_Study?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":321836,"name":"Spectrum","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Spectrum?f_ri=17331"},{"id":497452,"name":"Numerical Model","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Numerical_Model?f_ri=17331"},{"id":523853,"name":"System modeling","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/System_modeling?f_ri=17331"},{"id":893363,"name":"Water Flow","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Water_Flow?f_ri=17331"},{"id":3363168,"name":"Mixing Process","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Mixing_Process?f_ri=17331"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_43922438" data-work_id="43922438" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43922438/Host_Granting_Instrument_Models_Why_Do_They_Matter_and_for_Whom">Host Granting Instrument Models Why Do They Matter and for Whom</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">(with Cătălin-Gabriel Stănescu, Wan Mohd Zulhafiz,<br />Felipe Rodrigues Caldas Feres, Waniss Almashri Otman)</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/43922438" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="25ac5afcac6b8c38352b9ab9608cd367" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":64246755,"asset_id":43922438,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/64246755/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMDcyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="126969012" href="https://sta-uwi.academia.edu/EduardoPereira">Eduardo G . Pereira</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="126969012" type="text/json">{"id":126969012,"first_name":"Eduardo","last_name":"Pereira","domain_name":"sta-uwi","page_name":"EduardoPereira","display_name":"Eduardo G . Pereira","profile_url":"https://sta-uwi.academia.edu/EduardoPereira?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/126969012/32437961/29330103/s65_eduardo.pereira.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_43922438 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="43922438"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 43922438, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_43922438", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_43922438 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 43922438; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_43922438"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_43922438 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="43922438"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 43922438; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=43922438]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_43922438").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_43922438").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="43922438"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5412" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy">Energy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5412" type="text/json">{"id":5412,"name":"Energy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13496" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_Gas_Law">Oil and Gas Law</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="13496" type="text/json">{"id":13496,"name":"Oil and Gas Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_Gas_Law?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17331" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas">Oil and gas</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17331" type="text/json">{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="25600" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stability">Stability</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="25600" type="text/json">{"id":25600,"name":"Stability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stability?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=43922438]'), work: {"id":43922438,"title":"Host Granting Instrument Models Why Do They Matter and for Whom","created_at":"2020-08-22T09:03:12.797-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/43922438/Host_Granting_Instrument_Models_Why_Do_They_Matter_and_for_Whom?f_ri=17331","dom_id":"work_43922438","summary":"(with Cătălin-Gabriel Stănescu, Wan Mohd Zulhafiz,\nFelipe Rodrigues Caldas Feres, Waniss Almashri Otman)","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":64246755,"asset_id":43922438,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":126969012,"first_name":"Eduardo","last_name":"Pereira","domain_name":"sta-uwi","page_name":"EduardoPereira","display_name":"Eduardo G . Pereira","profile_url":"https://sta-uwi.academia.edu/EduardoPereira?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/126969012/32437961/29330103/s65_eduardo.pereira.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":5412,"name":"Energy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":13496,"name":"Oil and Gas Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_Gas_Law?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":25600,"name":"Stability","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stability?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":84904,"name":"Law of Contract","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Law_of_Contract?f_ri=17331"},{"id":91033,"name":"Upstream Oil and Gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Upstream_Oil_and_Gas?f_ri=17331"},{"id":183903,"name":"Energy and Natural Resources Law","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy_and_Natural_Resources_Law?f_ri=17331"},{"id":229493,"name":"Petroleum Fiscal Regimes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Petroleum_Fiscal_Regimes?f_ri=17331"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_37788758" data-work_id="37788758" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/37788758/Contractual_insurance_and_risk_allocation_in_the_offshore_drilling_industry">Contractual insurance and risk allocation in the offshore drilling industry</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">This is the third and final segment of a<br />series on risk allocation and insurance provisions of offshore<br />drilling contracts.</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/37788758" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="52101c1c0f3ee1e61773ff2153f98d38" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":57786194,"asset_id":37788758,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/57786194/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMDcyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="97471334" href="https://scuegypt.academia.edu/MidoMidi">Mido Midi</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="97471334" type="text/json">{"id":97471334,"first_name":"Mido","last_name":"Midi","domain_name":"scuegypt","page_name":"MidoMidi","display_name":"Mido Midi","profile_url":"https://scuegypt.academia.edu/MidoMidi?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/97471334/124254222/113609314/s65_mido.midi.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_37788758 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="37788758"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 37788758, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_37788758", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=37788758]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_37788758").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_37788758").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="37788758"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i></div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl6x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17331" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas">Oil and gas</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="17331" type="text/json">{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (false) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=37788758]'), work: {"id":37788758,"title":"Contractual insurance and risk allocation in the offshore drilling industry","created_at":"2018-11-16T09:55:21.814-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/37788758/Contractual_insurance_and_risk_allocation_in_the_offshore_drilling_industry?f_ri=17331","dom_id":"work_37788758","summary":"This is the third and final segment of a\nseries on risk allocation and insurance provisions of offshore\ndrilling contracts.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":57786194,"asset_id":37788758,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":97471334,"first_name":"Mido","last_name":"Midi","domain_name":"scuegypt","page_name":"MidoMidi","display_name":"Mido Midi","profile_url":"https://scuegypt.academia.edu/MidoMidi?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/97471334/124254222/113609314/s65_mido.midi.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_34976964" data-work_id="34976964" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/34976964/_Should_I_Stay_or_Should_I_Go_Presidents_Column">“Should I Stay or Should I Go?” President's Column</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Petroleum engineering and geology students, young and even seasoned professionals in the industry question the long-term viability of the industry. Career options and opportunities are discussed within the framework of the value of oil... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_34976964" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Petroleum engineering and geology students, young and even seasoned professionals in the industry question the long-term viability of the industry. Career options and opportunities are discussed within the framework of the value of oil and gas to improving people's lives.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/34976964" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="aaca4abe2dc53da26877edc6edc54d6c" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":54840486,"asset_id":34976964,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/54840486/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMDcyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="18064227" href="https://stanford.academia.edu/DNathanMeehan">D. Nathan Meehan</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="18064227" type="text/json">{"id":18064227,"first_name":"D. Nathan","last_name":"Meehan","domain_name":"stanford","page_name":"DNathanMeehan","display_name":"D. Nathan Meehan","profile_url":"https://stanford.academia.edu/DNathanMeehan?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/18064227/5034195/5777122/s65_d._nathan.meehan.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_34976964 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="34976964"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 34976964, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_34976964", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_34976964 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34976964; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_34976964"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_34976964 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="34976964"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 34976964; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=34976964]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_34976964").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_34976964").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="34976964"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">2</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17331" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas">Oil and gas</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17331" type="text/json">{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="87612" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Careers">Careers</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="87612" type="text/json">{"id":87612,"name":"Careers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Careers?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=34976964]'), work: {"id":34976964,"title":"“Should I Stay or Should I Go?” President's Column","created_at":"2017-10-27T10:05:14.517-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/34976964/_Should_I_Stay_or_Should_I_Go_Presidents_Column?f_ri=17331","dom_id":"work_34976964","summary":"Petroleum engineering and geology students, young and even seasoned professionals in the industry question the long-term viability of the industry. Career options and opportunities are discussed within the framework of the value of oil and gas to improving people's lives.\n\n","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":54840486,"asset_id":34976964,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":18064227,"first_name":"D. Nathan","last_name":"Meehan","domain_name":"stanford","page_name":"DNathanMeehan","display_name":"D. Nathan Meehan","profile_url":"https://stanford.academia.edu/DNathanMeehan?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/18064227/5034195/5777122/s65_d._nathan.meehan.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":87612,"name":"Careers","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Careers?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_20861777" data-work_id="20861777" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/20861777/The_military_and_energy_Moving_the_United_States_beyond_oil">The military and energy: Moving the United States beyond oil</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/20861777" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="89f0cb3ba6b237f3576e65849a2bef2a" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":41603019,"asset_id":20861777,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/41603019/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMDcyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="28820395" href="https://uky.academia.edu/StacyClosson">Stacy Closson</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="28820395" type="text/json">{"id":28820395,"first_name":"Stacy","last_name":"Closson","domain_name":"uky","page_name":"StacyClosson","display_name":"Stacy Closson","profile_url":"https://uky.academia.edu/StacyClosson?f_ri=17331","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_20861777 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="20861777"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 20861777, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_20861777", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_20861777 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 20861777; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_20861777"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_20861777 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="20861777"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 20861777; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=20861777]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_20861777").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_20861777").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="20861777"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="4370" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Security">Security</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="4370" type="text/json">{"id":4370,"name":"Security","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Security?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5412" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy">Energy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5412" type="text/json">{"id":5412,"name":"Energy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5609" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy_Policy">Energy Policy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5609" type="text/json">{"id":5609,"name":"Energy Policy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy_Policy?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17331" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas">Oil and gas</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="17331" type="text/json">{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=20861777]'), work: {"id":20861777,"title":"The military and energy: Moving the United States beyond oil","created_at":"2016-01-26T19:33:36.776-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/20861777/The_military_and_energy_Moving_the_United_States_beyond_oil?f_ri=17331","dom_id":"work_20861777","summary":null,"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":41603019,"asset_id":20861777,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":28820395,"first_name":"Stacy","last_name":"Closson","domain_name":"uky","page_name":"StacyClosson","display_name":"Stacy Closson","profile_url":"https://uky.academia.edu/StacyClosson?f_ri=17331","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":4370,"name":"Security","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Security?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":5412,"name":"Energy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":5609,"name":"Energy Policy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy_Policy?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary?f_ri=17331"},{"id":39946,"name":"Military","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Military?f_ri=17331"},{"id":76228,"name":"Oil","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil?f_ri=17331"},{"id":98134,"name":"United States","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/United_States?f_ri=17331"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_9986140" data-work_id="9986140" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/9986140/A_Novel_Thermal_Gas_Analyzer_Using_Adaptive_Neuro_Fuzzy_Inference_System_ANFIS_">A Novel Thermal Gas Analyzer Using Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS)</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Industrial control systems are nowadays exposed in environments with rapid and unstable parameter changes and uses measuring equipments with critical output sensitivity. In the case of thermal gas analyzer, measurement errors are... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_9986140" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Industrial control systems are nowadays exposed in environments with rapid and unstable parameter changes and uses measuring equipments with critical output sensitivity. In the case of thermal gas analyzer, measurement errors are contributed by temperature, gas flow, and pressure. Error compensation is a key problem for these control systems. In recent years, it has been proven in the literature that artificial neural network (ANN) is a reliable and low cost solution to manage errors. Among all the algorithms of ANN, the back propagation is commonly used because of its simplicity and learning methodology is easy to realize. However, it has two notable drawbacks: (a) it is likely to run into local minimum, and (b) convergence is slow. Thermal conductivity gas analyzer often works in adverse surroundings, which requires fast and accurate measurements. Therefore, a strong learning network is needed. This paper proposes a novel thermal gas analyzer using adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system. The effectiveness and validity of the proposed method is verified by simulation studies using MATLAB. Fuzzy membership rules are created to allow regulation of learning parameters. Further, the fuzzy adaptive network model is constructed to train large data samples while the high precision compensation of sensor error is realized by the improved flow. Simulation results reveal that the convergence speed and output accuracy is improved and the learning parameters in thermal gas analyzer are automatically corrected by the proposed method in comparison with the back propagation algorithm of artificial neural network.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/9986140" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="79bf883c7e59d3f6d492f91ed7f0b756" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":36128052,"asset_id":9986140,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36128052/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMDcyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="24165355" href="https://adamson.academia.edu/AngeloBeltranJr">Angelo Beltran Jr.</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="24165355" type="text/json">{"id":24165355,"first_name":"Angelo","last_name":"Beltran Jr.","domain_name":"adamson","page_name":"AngeloBeltranJr","display_name":"Angelo Beltran Jr.","profile_url":"https://adamson.academia.edu/AngeloBeltranJr?f_ri=17331","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_9986140 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="9986140"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 9986140, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_9986140", }); 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In the case of thermal gas analyzer, measurement errors are contributed by temperature, gas flow, and pressure. Error compensation is a key problem for these control systems. In recent years, it has been proven in the literature that artificial neural network (ANN) is a reliable and low cost solution to manage errors. Among all the algorithms of ANN, the back propagation is commonly used because of its simplicity and learning methodology is easy to realize. However, it has two notable drawbacks: (a) it is likely to run into local minimum, and (b) convergence is slow. Thermal conductivity gas analyzer often works in adverse surroundings, which requires fast and accurate measurements. Therefore, a strong learning network is needed. This paper proposes a novel thermal gas analyzer using adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system. The effectiveness and validity of the proposed method is verified by simulation studies using MATLAB. Fuzzy membership rules are created to allow regulation of learning parameters. Further, the fuzzy adaptive network model is constructed to train large data samples while the high precision compensation of sensor error is realized by the improved flow. Simulation results reveal that the convergence speed and output accuracy is improved and the learning parameters in thermal gas analyzer are automatically corrected by the proposed method in comparison with the back propagation algorithm of artificial neural network.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":36128052,"asset_id":9986140,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":24165355,"first_name":"Angelo","last_name":"Beltran Jr.","domain_name":"adamson","page_name":"AngeloBeltranJr","display_name":"Angelo Beltran Jr.","profile_url":"https://adamson.academia.edu/AngeloBeltranJr?f_ri=17331","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":62,"name":"Thermal Engineering","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermal_Engineering?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":522,"name":"Thermodynamics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Thermodynamics?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":717,"name":"Numerical 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href="https://www.academia.edu/9953263/Why_biofuel_as_an_alternative_fuel_source">Why biofuel as an alternative fuel source</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">we are highlighting how the biofuel as an alternative fuel source, presents the advantages behind using such an energy source, challenges behind using it, and what is the expectation of this source on the future. We will go through Brazil... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_9953263" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">we are highlighting how the biofuel as an alternative fuel source, presents the advantages behind using such an energy source, challenges behind using it, and what is the expectation of this source on the future. We will go through Brazil as a country which is making benefits behind using this clean source; and the urges of its future on using this source.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/9953263" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="190695920884ae7d623d9abc8016f1f4" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":36101839,"asset_id":9953263,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/36101839/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMDcyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="8500130" href="https://independent.academia.edu/Ahmadalkhatib10">Ahmad Alkhatib</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="8500130" type="text/json">{"id":8500130,"first_name":"Ahmad","last_name":"Alkhatib","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"Ahmadalkhatib10","display_name":"Ahmad Alkhatib","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/Ahmadalkhatib10?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8500130/2938908/3878510/s65_ahmad.alkhatib.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_9953263 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="9953263"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 9953263, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_9953263", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_9953263 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9953263; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_9953263"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_9953263 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="9953263"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9953263; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=9953263]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_9953263").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_9953263").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="9953263"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">6</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="38" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Management">Management</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="38" type="text/json">{"id":38,"name":"Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Management?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="2738" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Renewable_Energy">Renewable Energy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="2738" type="text/json">{"id":2738,"name":"Renewable Energy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Renewable_Energy?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5412" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy">Energy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5412" type="text/json">{"id":5412,"name":"Energy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17331" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas">Oil and gas</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="17331" type="text/json">{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=9953263]'), work: {"id":9953263,"title":"Why biofuel as an alternative fuel source","created_at":"2014-12-30T07:04:52.887-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/9953263/Why_biofuel_as_an_alternative_fuel_source?f_ri=17331","dom_id":"work_9953263","summary":"we are highlighting how the biofuel as an alternative fuel source, presents the advantages behind using such an energy source, challenges behind using it, and what is the expectation of this source on the future. We will go through Brazil as a country which is making benefits behind using this clean source; and the urges of its future on using this source.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":36101839,"asset_id":9953263,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":8500130,"first_name":"Ahmad","last_name":"Alkhatib","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"Ahmadalkhatib10","display_name":"Ahmad Alkhatib","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/Ahmadalkhatib10?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/8500130/2938908/3878510/s65_ahmad.alkhatib.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":38,"name":"Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Management?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":2738,"name":"Renewable Energy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Renewable_Energy?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":5412,"name":"Energy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":54182,"name":"Biofuels","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biofuels?f_ri=17331"},{"id":58747,"name":"International political economy of oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/International_political_economy_of_oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_72327883" data-work_id="72327883" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/72327883/The_Physicochemical_Analysis_of_Biodiesel_Produced_from_African_Sweet_Orange_Citrus_Sinensis_Seeds_Oil">The Physicochemical Analysis of Biodiesel Produced from African Sweet Orange (Citrus Sinensis) Seeds Oil</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The research presents experimental study and investigation on the production of biodiesel from African sweet orange seeds oil. The seeds were obtained, sundried, crushed and weighed. Chemical extraction method was used to extract oil from... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_72327883" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The research presents experimental study and investigation on the production of biodiesel from African sweet orange seeds oil. The seeds were obtained, sundried, crushed and weighed. Chemical extraction method was used to extract oil from the crushed seeds using soxhlet extractor with n-hexane as a solvent. The physicochemical properties of the oil determined were; flash 1510C, fire point 1730C, acid value 82%, product percentage yield 40% and specific gravity 0.920 at 150C. The production of Biodiesel was carried out through transesterification process from the extracted oil using methanol as catalyst. The results of the physicochemical properties of the produced biodiesel are; Cloud point 60C, Pour point 20C, Flash point 1400C, Density 0.86g/cm and Kinematic viscosity 1.938 mm2/s. The effect of methanol on the yielding of biodiesel at constant ratios of oil and catalyst was determined to be 68% at 10ml, 77% at 9ml and 72% at 7ml. The results obtained are in conformity when compare...</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/72327883" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ae77f13ef93b0d15a5b20b259a212057" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":81298485,"asset_id":72327883,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/81298485/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMDcyNyw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="71807" href="https://mautech.academia.edu/EngrDahiruYahyaDasin">Engr. Dahiru Yahya Dasin</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="71807" type="text/json">{"id":71807,"first_name":"Engr. Dahiru","last_name":"Yahya Dasin","domain_name":"mautech","page_name":"EngrDahiruYahyaDasin","display_name":"Engr. Dahiru Yahya Dasin","profile_url":"https://mautech.academia.edu/EngrDahiruYahyaDasin?f_ri=17331","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_72327883 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="72327883"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 72327883, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_72327883", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_72327883 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 72327883; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_72327883"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_72327883 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="72327883"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 72327883; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=72327883]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_72327883").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_72327883").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="72327883"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">5</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="7892" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biodiesel">Biodiesel</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="7892" type="text/json">{"id":7892,"name":"Biodiesel","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biodiesel?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17331" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas">Oil and gas</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17331" type="text/json">{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="211787" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physicochemical">Physicochemical</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="211787" type="text/json">{"id":211787,"name":"Physicochemical","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physicochemical?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="577615" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transesterification">Transesterification</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="577615" type="text/json">{"id":577615,"name":"Transesterification","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transesterification?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=72327883]'), work: {"id":72327883,"title":"The Physicochemical Analysis of Biodiesel Produced from African Sweet Orange (Citrus Sinensis) Seeds Oil","created_at":"2022-02-23T07:56:17.126-08:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/72327883/The_Physicochemical_Analysis_of_Biodiesel_Produced_from_African_Sweet_Orange_Citrus_Sinensis_Seeds_Oil?f_ri=17331","dom_id":"work_72327883","summary":"The research presents experimental study and investigation on the production of biodiesel from African sweet orange seeds oil. The seeds were obtained, sundried, crushed and weighed. Chemical extraction method was used to extract oil from the crushed seeds using soxhlet extractor with n-hexane as a solvent. The physicochemical properties of the oil determined were; flash 1510C, fire point 1730C, acid value 82%, product percentage yield 40% and specific gravity 0.920 at 150C. The production of Biodiesel was carried out through transesterification process from the extracted oil using methanol as catalyst. The results of the physicochemical properties of the produced biodiesel are; Cloud point 60C, Pour point 20C, Flash point 1400C, Density 0.86g/cm and Kinematic viscosity 1.938 mm2/s. The effect of methanol on the yielding of biodiesel at constant ratios of oil and catalyst was determined to be 68% at 10ml, 77% at 9ml and 72% at 7ml. The results obtained are in conformity when compare...","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":81298485,"asset_id":72327883,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":71807,"first_name":"Engr. Dahiru","last_name":"Yahya Dasin","domain_name":"mautech","page_name":"EngrDahiruYahyaDasin","display_name":"Engr. Dahiru Yahya Dasin","profile_url":"https://mautech.academia.edu/EngrDahiruYahyaDasin?f_ri=17331","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":7892,"name":"Biodiesel","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biodiesel?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":211787,"name":"Physicochemical","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Physicochemical?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":577615,"name":"Transesterification","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Transesterification?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":1135180,"name":"Sweet Orange","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sweet_Orange?f_ri=17331"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_40297446" data-work_id="40297446" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/40297446/Proposal_of_a_Measurement_Scale_of_Decision_Quality_in_Infrastructure_Projects_in_Oil_and_Gas_Exploitation">Proposal of a Measurement Scale of Decision Quality in Infrastructure Projects in Oil and Gas Exploitation</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">The objective in this paper is to present a proposal of a scale to measure the decision quality in infrastructure projects in the exploitation of oil and gas, as well as its foundations. One of the most important distinctions of Decision... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_40297446" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">The objective in this paper is to present a proposal of a scale to measure the decision quality in infrastructure projects in the exploitation of oil and gas, as well as its foundations. One of the most important distinctions of Decision Analysis is the differentiation between a good decision and a good outcome, which is the approach of the scale, which occurs when decision making faces uncertainty. Therefore, a good decision does not always produce a good outcome. From this distinction, a progressive scale was designed, using an adjustment of the pairwise comparisons based on the Saaty scale achieving a quantitative hierarchy, which shows whether the decision guarantees quality, does not guarantee quality or is not acceptable. For its application, other existing decision processes used in the petroleum industry were located, from their common components a standardized decision analysis process was created, the common components are appropriate frame, objectives, decision and alternatives, risk and uncertainty, possibilities and modelling, values and exchanges and implementation and each of them subdivided into key aspects that are object of the measurement and evaluation. The objective set in a first stage was the proposed model of the measurement scale of decision quality and is subject to future validation work to verify its applicability in real life in a second stage.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/40297446" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4f1953414f99f81f485a90144c556468" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":60536829,"asset_id":40297446,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/60536829/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMDcyOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="15282553" href="https://rgl.academia.edu/GerardoLeyva">Gerardo Palacios Leyva</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="15282553" type="text/json">{"id":15282553,"first_name":"Gerardo","last_name":"Palacios Leyva","domain_name":"rgl","page_name":"GerardoLeyva","display_name":"Gerardo Palacios Leyva","profile_url":"https://rgl.academia.edu/GerardoLeyva?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/15282553/4120440/12964003/s65_gerardo.leyva.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_40297446 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="40297446"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 40297446, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_40297446", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_40297446 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40297446; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_40297446"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_40297446 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="40297446"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 40297446; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=40297446]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_40297446").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_40297446").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="40297446"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1681" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Decision_Making">Decision Making</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1681" type="text/json">{"id":1681,"name":"Decision Making","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Decision_Making?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="13424" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Decision_Analysis">Decision Analysis</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="13424" type="text/json">{"id":13424,"name":"Decision Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Decision_Analysis?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17331" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas">Oil and gas</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17331" type="text/json">{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="489508" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Toma_De_Decisiones">Toma De Decisiones</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="489508" type="text/json">{"id":489508,"name":"Toma De Decisiones","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Toma_De_Decisiones?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=40297446]'), work: {"id":40297446,"title":"Proposal of a Measurement Scale of Decision Quality in Infrastructure Projects in Oil and Gas Exploitation","created_at":"2019-09-09T09:08:19.323-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/40297446/Proposal_of_a_Measurement_Scale_of_Decision_Quality_in_Infrastructure_Projects_in_Oil_and_Gas_Exploitation?f_ri=17331","dom_id":"work_40297446","summary":"The objective in this paper is to present a proposal of a scale to measure the decision quality in infrastructure projects in the exploitation of oil and gas, as well as its foundations. One of the most important distinctions of Decision Analysis is the differentiation between a good decision and a good outcome, which is the approach of the scale, which occurs when decision making faces uncertainty. Therefore, a good decision does not always produce a good outcome. From this distinction, a progressive scale was designed, using an adjustment of the pairwise comparisons based on the Saaty scale achieving a quantitative hierarchy, which shows whether the decision guarantees quality, does not guarantee quality or is not acceptable. For its application, other existing decision processes used in the petroleum industry were located, from their common components a standardized decision analysis process was created, the common components are appropriate frame, objectives, decision and alternatives, risk and uncertainty, possibilities and modelling, values and exchanges and implementation and each of them subdivided into key aspects that are object of the measurement and evaluation. The objective set in a first stage was the proposed model of the measurement scale of decision quality and is subject to future validation work to verify its applicability in real life in a second stage.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":60536829,"asset_id":40297446,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":15282553,"first_name":"Gerardo","last_name":"Palacios Leyva","domain_name":"rgl","page_name":"GerardoLeyva","display_name":"Gerardo Palacios Leyva","profile_url":"https://rgl.academia.edu/GerardoLeyva?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/15282553/4120440/12964003/s65_gerardo.leyva.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":1681,"name":"Decision Making","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Decision_Making?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":13424,"name":"Decision Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Decision_Analysis?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":489508,"name":"Toma De Decisiones","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Toma_De_Decisiones?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_3506860" data-work_id="3506860" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/3506860/Standardizing_oil_and_gas_accounting_in_the_US_in_the_1970s_Insights_from_the_perspective_of_regulatory_capture">Standardizing oil and gas accounting in the US in the 1970s: Insights from the perspective of regulatory capture</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Attempts by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) to standardize oil and gas accounting in the 1970s has been referred to as the "most politicised accounting argument ever" (Van Riper, 1994, p.56). Marking the only instance in... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_3506860" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Attempts by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) to standardize oil and gas accounting in the 1970s has been referred to as the "most politicised accounting argument ever" (Van Riper, 1994, p.56). Marking the only instance in which the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has declined to support the FASB's standards, the failure of the FASB to limit accounting method choice has had lasting implications with divergent methods still practised by oil and gas companies today. This study presents a narrative of this development and specifically examines the events through the lens of regulatory capture theory to show that the industry was successful in capturing the regulatory process and securing its preferred outcome.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/3506860" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="4f119f851b9c824a34ba5306272cf587" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":50258236,"asset_id":3506860,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/50258236/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMDcyOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="4126007" href="https://bravehost.academia.edu/ShehuBashir">Shehu Bashir</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="4126007" type="text/json">{"id":4126007,"first_name":"Shehu","last_name":"Bashir","domain_name":"bravehost","page_name":"ShehuBashir","display_name":"Shehu Bashir","profile_url":"https://bravehost.academia.edu/ShehuBashir?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4126007/1599302/1933127/s65_shehu.bashir.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_3506860 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="3506860"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 3506860, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_3506860", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_3506860 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3506860; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_3506860"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_3506860 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="3506860"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 3506860; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=3506860]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_3506860").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_3506860").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="3506860"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">4</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3491" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Accounting_History">Accounting History</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3491" type="text/json">{"id":3491,"name":"Accounting History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Accounting_History?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17331" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas">Oil and gas</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17331" type="text/json">{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="463563" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Securities_and_Exchange_Commission">Securities and Exchange Commission</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="463563" type="text/json">{"id":463563,"name":"Securities and Exchange Commission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Securities_and_Exchange_Commission?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="502839" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Accounting_standards">Accounting standards</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="502839" type="text/json">{"id":502839,"name":"Accounting standards","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Accounting_standards?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=3506860]'), work: {"id":3506860,"title":"Standardizing oil and gas accounting in the US in the 1970s: Insights from the perspective of regulatory capture","created_at":"2013-05-10T04:31:28.890-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/3506860/Standardizing_oil_and_gas_accounting_in_the_US_in_the_1970s_Insights_from_the_perspective_of_regulatory_capture?f_ri=17331","dom_id":"work_3506860","summary":"Attempts by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) to standardize oil and gas accounting in the 1970s has been referred to as the \"most politicised accounting argument ever\" (Van Riper, 1994, p.56). Marking the only instance in which the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has declined to support the FASB's standards, the failure of the FASB to limit accounting method choice has had lasting implications with divergent methods still practised by oil and gas companies today. This study presents a narrative of this development and specifically examines the events through the lens of regulatory capture theory to show that the industry was successful in capturing the regulatory process and securing its preferred outcome.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":50258236,"asset_id":3506860,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":4126007,"first_name":"Shehu","last_name":"Bashir","domain_name":"bravehost","page_name":"ShehuBashir","display_name":"Shehu Bashir","profile_url":"https://bravehost.academia.edu/ShehuBashir?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/4126007/1599302/1933127/s65_shehu.bashir.jpg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":3491,"name":"Accounting History","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Accounting_History?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":463563,"name":"Securities and Exchange Commission","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Securities_and_Exchange_Commission?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":502839,"name":"Accounting standards","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Accounting_standards?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_7455092" data-work_id="7455092" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7455092/Centrifuge_modelling_of_scouring_ice_keels_in_clay">Centrifuge modelling of scouring ice keels in clay</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">Oil and gas produced in the Arctic seas is transported by offshore buried pipes. In some areas, however, the estimation of a safe burial depth is hampered by the possibility that ice masses can make trenches in the sea floor and damage... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_7455092" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">Oil and gas produced in the Arctic seas is transported by offshore buried pipes. In some areas, however, the estimation of a safe burial depth is hampered by the possibility that ice masses can make trenches in the sea floor and damage the pipe, this process is known as "ice scouring". In order to make a safe design, knowledge is required of the soil deformation under an ice keel scouring the soil. Since it is difficult to examine ice scouring in a field test, tests have been carried out in the geotechnical centrifuge of the University of Delft. Several parameters were varied, such as speed, undrained shear strength, scour depth and multiple scouring. A grid was placed on the clay sample so that the complex deformation pattern could be visualized clearly. The soil deformation was measured by means of image processing and the horizontal and vertical loads were measured.</div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/7455092" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="18a09a889ee987a53aca8938cd33d6d0" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":34034008,"asset_id":7455092,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/34034008/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMDcyOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="13268886" href="https://oxford.academia.edu/ImaSchoonbeek">Ima Schoonbeek</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="13268886" type="text/json">{"id":13268886,"first_name":"Ima","last_name":"Schoonbeek","domain_name":"oxford","page_name":"ImaSchoonbeek","display_name":"Ima Schoonbeek","profile_url":"https://oxford.academia.edu/ImaSchoonbeek?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/13268886/151762351/141353217/s65_ima.schoonbeek.jpeg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_7455092 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="7455092"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 7455092, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_7455092", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_7455092 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden u-tcGrayDark"><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x percentile-widget" style="display: none">•</span><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 7455092; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-percentile-work_7455092"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></li><li class="js-view-count-work_7455092 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><div><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="7455092"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 7455092; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=7455092]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_7455092").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_7455092").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="7455092"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">3</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17331" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas">Oil and gas</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17331" type="text/json">{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="45677" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Shear_bands">Shear bands</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="45677" type="text/json">{"id":45677,"name":"Shear bands","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Shear_bands?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="482561" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Shear_Strength">Shear Strength</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="482561" type="text/json">{"id":482561,"name":"Shear Strength","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Shear_Strength?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=7455092]'), work: {"id":7455092,"title":"Centrifuge modelling of scouring ice keels in clay","created_at":"2014-06-25T00:41:14.434-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/7455092/Centrifuge_modelling_of_scouring_ice_keels_in_clay?f_ri=17331","dom_id":"work_7455092","summary":"Oil and gas produced in the Arctic seas is transported by offshore buried pipes. In some areas, however, the estimation of a safe burial depth is hampered by the possibility that ice masses can make trenches in the sea floor and damage the pipe, this process is known as \"ice scouring\". In order to make a safe design, knowledge is required of the soil deformation under an ice keel scouring the soil. Since it is difficult to examine ice scouring in a field test, tests have been carried out in the geotechnical centrifuge of the University of Delft. Several parameters were varied, such as speed, undrained shear strength, scour depth and multiple scouring. A grid was placed on the clay sample so that the complex deformation pattern could be visualized clearly. The soil deformation was measured by means of image processing and the horizontal and vertical loads were measured.","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":34034008,"asset_id":7455092,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":13268886,"first_name":"Ima","last_name":"Schoonbeek","domain_name":"oxford","page_name":"ImaSchoonbeek","display_name":"Ima Schoonbeek","profile_url":"https://oxford.academia.edu/ImaSchoonbeek?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/13268886/151762351/141353217/s65_ima.schoonbeek.jpeg"}],"research_interests":[{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":45677,"name":"Shear bands","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Shear_bands?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":482561,"name":"Shear Strength","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Shear_Strength?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_26212870" data-work_id="26212870" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/26212870/Exploring_Decision_Support_and_Strategic_Project_Management_in_the_Oil_and_Gas_Sector">Exploring Decision Support and Strategic Project Management in the Oil and Gas Sector</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest"><div class="summarized">This article attempts to increase understanding of best practice in decision-making in strategic project management, as applied to the upstream oil and gas sector. It describes what is meant by strategic project management in that... <a class="more_link u-tcGrayDark u-linkUnstyled" data-container=".work_26212870" data-show=".complete" data-hide=".summarized" data-more-link-behavior="true" href="#">more</a></div><div class="complete hidden">This article attempts to increase understanding of best practice in decision-making in strategic project management, as applied to the upstream oil and gas sector. It describes what is meant by strategic project management in that context, outlines the wide range of techniques that can be applied to managing strategic projects, and explores the elements (or dimensions) of the strategic project management process, and the appropriateness of techniques in facilitating strategic project management. It seeks to improve managerial understanding of strategic project management, by proposing a set of multidisciplinary elements framed by the balanced scorecard's (BSC) rationale, and investigating the extent to which techniques address the proposed set of elements. </div></div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/26212870" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="ef9a65afb9127163dbba6af777b16efb" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":46532897,"asset_id":26212870,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/46532897/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMDcyOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="50115729" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MaureenMeadows">Maureen Meadows</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="50115729" type="text/json">{"id":50115729,"first_name":"Maureen","last_name":"Meadows","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MaureenMeadows","display_name":"Maureen Meadows","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MaureenMeadows?f_ri=17331","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_26212870 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="26212870"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 26212870, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_26212870", }); 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$(".js-view-count[data-work-id=26212870]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_26212870").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_26212870").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="26212870"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">9</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="37" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_Systems">Information Systems</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="37" type="text/json">{"id":37,"name":"Information Systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_Systems?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="39" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marketing">Marketing</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="39" type="text/json">{"id":39,"name":"Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marketing?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="1681" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Decision_Making">Decision Making</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="1681" type="text/json">{"id":1681,"name":"Decision Making","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Decision_Making?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="9013" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Balanced_Scorecard">Balanced Scorecard</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="9013" type="text/json">{"id":9013,"name":"Balanced Scorecard","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Balanced_Scorecard?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script></span></li><script>(function(){ if (true) { new Aedu.ResearchInterestListCard({ el: $('*[data-has-card-for-ri-list=26212870]'), work: {"id":26212870,"title":"Exploring Decision Support and Strategic Project Management in the Oil and Gas Sector","created_at":"2016-06-16T02:51:16.570-07:00","url":"https://www.academia.edu/26212870/Exploring_Decision_Support_and_Strategic_Project_Management_in_the_Oil_and_Gas_Sector?f_ri=17331","dom_id":"work_26212870","summary":"This article attempts to increase understanding of best practice in decision-making in strategic project management, as applied to the upstream oil and gas sector. It describes what is meant by strategic project management in that context, outlines the wide range of techniques that can be applied to managing strategic projects, and explores the elements (or dimensions) of the strategic project management process, and the appropriateness of techniques in facilitating strategic project management. It seeks to improve managerial understanding of strategic project management, by proposing a set of multidisciplinary elements framed by the balanced scorecard's (BSC) rationale, and investigating the extent to which techniques address the proposed set of elements. ","downloadable_attachments":[{"id":46532897,"asset_id":26212870,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false}],"ordered_authors":[{"id":50115729,"first_name":"Maureen","last_name":"Meadows","domain_name":"independent","page_name":"MaureenMeadows","display_name":"Maureen Meadows","profile_url":"https://independent.academia.edu/MaureenMeadows?f_ri=17331","photo":"/images/s65_no_pic.png"}],"research_interests":[{"id":37,"name":"Information Systems","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Information_Systems?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":39,"name":"Marketing","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Marketing?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":1681,"name":"Decision Making","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Decision_Making?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":9013,"name":"Balanced Scorecard","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Balanced_Scorecard?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true},{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331"},{"id":73149,"name":"Business and Management","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business_and_Management?f_ri=17331"},{"id":83229,"name":"Best practice","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Best_practice?f_ri=17331"},{"id":88983,"name":"Project manager","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Project_manager?f_ri=17331"},{"id":149081,"name":"Decision Support","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Decision_Support?f_ri=17331"}]}, }) } })();</script></ul></li></ul></div></div><div class="u-borderBottom1 u-borderColorGrayLighter"><div class="clearfix u-pv7x u-mb0x js-work-card work_17117310" data-work_id="17117310" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="https://schema.org/ScholarlyArticle"><div class="header"><div class="title u-fontSerif u-fs22 u-lineHeight1_3"><a class="u-tcGrayDarkest js-work-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/17117310/The_Social_Licence_to_Regulate_Energy_and_the_Decline_of_Confidence_in_Public_Authorities">The Social Licence to Regulate: Energy and the Decline of Confidence in Public Authorities</a></div></div><div class="u-pb4x u-mt3x"><div class="summary u-fs14 u-fw300 u-lineHeight1_5 u-tcGrayDarkest">Independent Arbitrator, Kaiser Arbitration, Calgary</div></div><ul class="InlineList u-ph0x u-fs13"><li class="InlineList-item logged_in_only"><div class="share_on_academia_work_button"><a class="academia_share Button Button--inverseBlue Button--sm js-bookmark-button" data-academia-share="Work/17117310" data-share-source="work_strip" data-spinner="small_white_hide_contents"><i class="fa fa-plus"></i><span class="work-strip-link-text u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Bookmark</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><div class="download"><a id="2e768d81b890c300fc387e4f44e0a5fc" rel="nofollow" data-download="{"attachment_id":44411008,"asset_id":17117310,"asset_type":"Work","always_allow_download":false,"track":null,"button_location":"work_strip","source":null,"hide_modal":null}" class="Button Button--sm Button--inverseGreen js-download-button prompt_button doc_download" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/44411008/download_file?st=MTczOTgyMDcyOCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=work_strip"><i class="fa fa-arrow-circle-o-down fa-lg"></i><span class="u-textUppercase u-ml1x" data-content="button_text">Download</span></a></div></li><li class="InlineList-item"><ul class="InlineList InlineList--bordered u-ph0x"><li class="InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered"><span class="InlineList-item-text">by <span itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"><a class="u-tcGrayDark u-fw700" data-has-card-for-user="34873181" href="https://uottawa.academia.edu/LauraNourallah">Laura Nourallah</a><script data-card-contents-for-user="34873181" type="text/json">{"id":34873181,"first_name":"Laura","last_name":"Nourallah","domain_name":"uottawa","page_name":"LauraNourallah","display_name":"Laura Nourallah","profile_url":"https://uottawa.academia.edu/LauraNourallah?f_ri=17331","photo":"https://0.academia-photos.com/34873181/10504287/13678975/s65_laura.nourallah.jpg"}</script></span></span></li><li class="js-paper-rank-work_17117310 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden"><span class="js-paper-rank-view hidden u-tcGrayDark" data-paper-rank-work-id="17117310"><i class="u-m1x fa fa-bar-chart"></i><strong class="js-paper-rank"></strong></span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 17117310, container: ".js-paper-rank-work_17117310", }); });</script></li><li class="js-percentile-work_17117310 InlineList-item InlineList-item--bordered hidden 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'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=17117310]").text(description); $(".js-view-count-work_17117310").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span><script>$(function() { $(".js-view-count-work_17117310").removeClass('hidden') })</script></div></li><li class="InlineList-item u-positionRelative" style="max-width: 250px"><div class="u-positionAbsolute" data-has-card-for-ri-list="17117310"><i class="fa fa-tag InlineList-item-icon u-positionRelative"></i>  <a class="InlineList-item-text u-positionRelative">8</a>  </div><span class="InlineList-item-text u-textTruncate u-pl9x"><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="3287" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Regulation_And_Governance">Regulation And Governance</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="3287" type="text/json">{"id":3287,"name":"Regulation And Governance","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Regulation_And_Governance?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="5609" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy_Policy">Energy Policy</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="5609" type="text/json">{"id":5609,"name":"Energy Policy","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Energy_Policy?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="17331" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas">Oil and gas</a>, <script data-card-contents-for-ri="17331" type="text/json">{"id":17331,"name":"Oil and gas","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Oil_and_gas?f_ri=17331","nofollow":true}</script><a class="InlineList-item-text" data-has-card-for-ri="48620" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Regulatory_Affairs">Regulatory Affairs</a><script data-card-contents-for-ri="48620" type="text/json">{"id":48620,"name":"Regulatory 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world as well as new findings from analytical work. 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